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Ren J, Cui Z, Wang Y, Ning Q, Gao Y. Transcriptomic insights into the potential impacts of flavonoids and nodule-specific cysteine-rich peptides on nitrogen fixation in Vicia villosa and Vicia sativa. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 214:108936. [PMID: 39018775 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Vicia villosa (VV) and Vicia sativa (VS) are legume forages highly valued for their excellent nitrogen fixation. However, no research has addressed the mechanisms underlying their differences in nitrogen fixation. This study employed physiological, cytological, and comparative transcriptomic approaches to elucidate the disparities in nitrogen fixation between them. Our results showed that the total amount of nitrogen fixed was 60.45% greater in VV than in VS, and the comprehensive nitrogen response performance was 94.19% greater, while the nitrogen fixation efficiency was the same. The infection zone and differentiated bacteroid proportion in mature VV root nodules were 33.76% and 19.35% greater, respectively, than those in VS. The size of the VV genome was 15.16% larger than that of the VS genome, consistent with its greater biomass. A significant enrichment of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway was found only for VV-specific genes, among which chalcone-flavonone isomerase, caffeoyl-CoA-O-methyltransferase and stilbene synthase were extremely highly expressed. The VV-specific genes also exhibited significant enrichment in symbiotic nodulation; genes related to nodule-specific cysteine-rich peptides (NCRs) comprised 61.11% of the highly expressed genes. qRT‒PCR demonstrated that greater enrichment and expression of the dominant NCR (Unigene0004451) were associated with greater nodule bacteroid differentiation and greater nitrogen fixation in VV. Our findings suggest that the greater total nitrogen fixation of VV was attributed to its larger biomass, leading to a greater nitrogen demand and enhanced fixation physiology. This process is likely achieved by the synergistic effects of high bacteroid differentiation along with high expression of flavonoid and NCR genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ren
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China; Xinjiang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology of Western Arid Desert Area of the Ministry of Education, College of Grassland Science, Urumqi, 830052, China
| | - Zhengguo Cui
- Soybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Research Center for Soybean, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Yueqiang Wang
- Soybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Research Center for Soybean, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Qiushi Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Yingzhi Gao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China; Xinjiang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology of Western Arid Desert Area of the Ministry of Education, College of Grassland Science, Urumqi, 830052, China.
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Wang G, Mao J, Ji M, Wang W, Fu J. A comprehensive assessment of photosynthetic acclimation to shade in C4 grass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:591. [PMID: 38902617 PMCID: PMC11191358 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05242-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Light deficit in shaded environment critically impacts the growth and development of turf plants. Despite this fact, past research has predominantly concentrated on shade avoidance rather than shade tolerance. To address this, our study examined the photosynthetic adjustments of Bermudagrass when exposed to varying intensities of shade to gain an integrative understanding of the shade response of C4 turfgrass. RESULTS We observed alterations in photosynthetic pigment-proteins, electron transport and its associated carbon and nitrogen assimilation, along with ROS-scavenging enzyme activity in shaded conditions. Mild shade enriched Chl b and LHC transcripts, while severe shade promoted Chl a, carotenoids and photosynthetic electron transfer beyond QA- (ET0/RC, φE0, Ψ0). The study also highlighted differential effects of shade on leaf and root components. For example, Soluble sugar content varied between leaves and roots as shade diminished SPS, SUT1 but upregulated BAM. Furthermore, we observed that shading decreased the transcriptional level of genes involving in nitrogen assimilation (e.g. NR) and SOD, POD, CAT enzyme activities in leaves, even though it increased in roots. CONCLUSIONS As shade intensity increased, considerable changes were noted in light energy conversion and photosynthetic metabolism processes along the electron transport chain axis. Our study thus provides valuable theoretical groundwork for understanding how C4 grass acclimates to shade tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyang Wang
- Coastal Salinity Tolerant Grass Engineering and Technology Research Center, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, Shandong, China
| | - Jinyan Mao
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, Shandong, China
| | - Mingxia Ji
- Coastal Salinity Tolerant Grass Engineering and Technology Research Center, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Coastal Salinity Tolerant Grass Engineering and Technology Research Center, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, Shandong, China
| | - Jinmin Fu
- Coastal Salinity Tolerant Grass Engineering and Technology Research Center, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, Shandong, China.
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Drees L, Demie DT, Paul MR, Leonhardt J, Seidel SJ, Döring TF, Roscher R. Data-driven crop growth simulation on time-varying generated images using multi-conditional generative adversarial networks. PLANT METHODS 2024; 20:93. [PMID: 38879522 PMCID: PMC11179353 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-024-01205-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Image-based crop growth modeling can substantially contribute to precision agriculture by revealing spatial crop development over time, which allows an early and location-specific estimation of relevant future plant traits, such as leaf area or biomass. A prerequisite for realistic and sharp crop image generation is the integration of multiple growth-influencing conditions in a model, such as an image of an initial growth stage, the associated growth time, and further information about the field treatment. While image-based models provide more flexibility for crop growth modeling than process-based models, there is still a significant research gap in the comprehensive integration of various growth-influencing conditions. Further exploration and investigation are needed to address this gap. METHODS We present a two-stage framework consisting first of an image generation model and second of a growth estimation model, independently trained. The image generation model is a conditional Wasserstein generative adversarial network (CWGAN). In the generator of this model, conditional batch normalization (CBN) is used to integrate conditions of different types along with the input image. This allows the model to generate time-varying artificial images dependent on multiple influencing factors. These images are used by the second part of the framework for plant phenotyping by deriving plant-specific traits and comparing them with those of non-artificial (real) reference images. In addition, image quality is evaluated using multi-scale structural similarity (MS-SSIM), learned perceptual image patch similarity (LPIPS), and Fréchet inception distance (FID). During inference, the framework allows image generation for any combination of conditions used in training; we call this generation data-driven crop growth simulation. RESULTS Experiments are performed on three datasets of different complexity. These datasets include the laboratory plant Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) and crops grown under real field conditions, namely cauliflower (GrowliFlower) and crop mixtures consisting of faba bean and spring wheat (MixedCrop). In all cases, the framework allows realistic, sharp image generations with a slight loss of quality from short-term to long-term predictions. For MixedCrop grown under varying treatments (different cultivars, sowing densities), the results show that adding these treatment information increases the generation quality and phenotyping accuracy measured by the estimated biomass. Simulations of varying growth-influencing conditions performed with the trained framework provide valuable insights into how such factors relate to crop appearances, which is particularly useful in complex, less explored crop mixture systems. Further results show that adding process-based simulated biomass as a condition increases the accuracy of the derived phenotypic traits from the predicted images. This demonstrates the potential of our framework to serve as an interface between a data-driven and a process-based crop growth model. CONCLUSION The realistic generation and simulation of future plant appearances is adequately feasible by multi-conditional CWGAN. The presented framework complements process-based models and overcomes their limitations, such as the reliance on assumptions and the low exact field-localization specificity, by realistic visualizations of the spatial crop development that directly lead to a high explainability of the model predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Drees
- Remote Sensing Group, Institute of Geodesy and Geoinformation, University of Bonn, Niebuhrstr. 1a, Bonn, 53113, Germany.
| | - Dereje T Demie
- Crop Science Group, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Katzenburgweg 5, Bonn, 53115, Germany
| | - Madhuri R Paul
- Agroecology and Organic Farming Group, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Auf Dem Hügel 6, Bonn, 53121, Germany
| | - Johannes Leonhardt
- Remote Sensing Group, Institute of Geodesy and Geoinformation, University of Bonn, Niebuhrstr. 1a, Bonn, 53113, Germany
| | - Sabine J Seidel
- Crop Science Group, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Katzenburgweg 5, Bonn, 53115, Germany
| | - Thomas F Döring
- Agroecology and Organic Farming Group, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Auf Dem Hügel 6, Bonn, 53121, Germany
| | - Ribana Roscher
- Remote Sensing Group, Institute of Geodesy and Geoinformation, University of Bonn, Niebuhrstr. 1a, Bonn, 53113, Germany
- Data Science For Crop Systems, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich, 52428, Germany
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Zhang S, Li S, Meng L, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zhao S, Zhao H. Root exudation under maize/soybean intercropping system mediates the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi diversity and improves the plant growth. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1375194. [PMID: 38947945 PMCID: PMC11211593 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1375194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Maize/soybean intercropping is a common cropping practice in Chinese agriculture, known to boost crop yield and enhance soil fertility. However, the role of below-ground interactions, particularly root exudates, in maintaining intercropping advantages in soybean/maize intercropping systems remains unclear. Methods This study aimed to investigate the differences in root exudates between intercropping and monocropping systems through two pot experiments using metabolomics methods. Multiple omics analyses were conducted to explore correlations between differential metabolites and the community of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF), shedding light on the mechanisms underlying the dominance of intercropping from the perspective of root exudates-soil microorganism interactions. Results and discussion The study revealed that intercropping significantly increased the types and contents of root exudates, lowered soil pH, increased the availability of nutrients like available nitrogen (AN) and available phosphorus (AP), and enhanced AMF colonization, resulting in improving the community composition of AMF. Besides, root exudates in intercropping systems differed significantly from those in monocropping, with 41 and 39 differential metabolites identified in the root exudates of soybean/maize, predominantly amino acids and organic acids. The total amount of amino acids in the root exudates of soybean intercropping was 3.61 times higher than in monocropping. Additionally, the addition of root exudates significantly improved the growth of soybean/maize and AMF colonization, with the mycorrhizal colonization rate in intercropping increased by 105.99% and 111.18% compared to monocropping, respectively. The identified metabolic pathways associated with root exudates were closely linked to plant growth, soil fertility improvement, and the formation of AMF. Correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship (P < 0.05) between certain metabolites such as tartaric acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, aspartic acid, alanine, and the AMF community. Notably, the photosynthetic carbon fixation pathway involving aspartic acid showed a strong association with the function of Glomus_f_Glomerace, the dominant genus of AMF. A combined analysis of metabolomics and high throughput sequencing revealed that the root exudates of soybean/maize intercropping have direct or indirect connections with AMF and soil nutrients. Conclusion This suggests that the increased root exudates of the soybean/maize intercropping system mediate an improvement in AMF community composition, thereby influencing soil fertility and maintaining the advantage of intercropping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhang
- Resource and Environmental College, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shumin Li
- Resource and Environmental College, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lingbo Meng
- School of Geography and Tourism, Harbin University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- Resource and Environmental College, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- Resource and Environmental College, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shuchang Zhao
- Resource and Environmental College, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Haobing Zhao
- Resource and Environmental College, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, China
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Li C, Lambers H, Jing J, Zhang C, Bezemer TM, Klironomos J, Cong WF, Zhang F. Belowground cascading biotic interactions trigger crop diversity benefits. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024:S1360-1385(24)00115-8. [PMID: 38821841 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2024.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Crop diversification practices offer numerous synergistic benefits. So far, research has traditionally been confined to exploring isolated, unidirectional single-process interactions among plants, soil, and microorganisms. Here, we present a novel and systematic perspective, unveiling the intricate web of plant-soil-microbiome interactions that trigger cascading effects. Applying the principles of cascading interactions can be an alternative way to overcome soil obstacles such as soil compaction and soil pathogen pressure. Finally, we introduce a research framework comprising the design of diversified cropping systems by including commercial varieties and crops with resource-efficient traits, the exploration of cascading effects, and the innovation of field management. We propose that this provides theoretical and methodological insights that can reveal new mechanisms by which crop diversity increases productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hans Lambers
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jingying Jing
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Chaochun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - T Martijn Bezemer
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, 2333, BE, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - John Klironomos
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, PO Box 26666, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wen-Feng Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Fusuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Singh K, Gupta S, Singh AP. Review: Nutrient-nutrient interactions governing underground plant adaptation strategies in a heterogeneous environment. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 342:112024. [PMID: 38325661 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Plant growth relies on the mineral nutrients present in the rhizosphere. The distribution of nutrients in soils varies depending on their mobility and capacity to bind with soil particles. Consequently, plants often encounter either low or high levels of nutrients in the rhizosphere. Plant roots are the essential organs that sense changes in soil mineral content, leading to the activation of signaling pathways associated with the adjustment of plant architecture and metabolic responses. During differential availability of minerals in the rhizosphere, plants trigger adaptation strategies such as cellular remobilization of minerals, secretion of organic molecules, and the attenuation or enhancement of root growth to balance nutrient uptake. The interdependency, availability, and uptake of minerals, such as phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), potassium (K), nitrogen (N) forms, nitrate (NO3-), and ammonium (NH4+), modulate the root architecture and metabolic functioning of plants. Here, we summarized the interactions of major nutrients (N, P, K, Fe, Zn) in shaping root architecture, physiological responses, genetic components involved, and address the current challenges associated with nutrient-nutrient interactions. Furthermore, we discuss the major gaps and opportunities in the field for developing plants with improved nutrient uptake and use efficiency for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kratika Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Shreya Gupta
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Amar Pal Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India.
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Tariq A, Ullah A, Graciano C, Zeng F, Gao Y, Sardans J, Hughes AC, Zhang Z, Peñuelas J. Combining different species in restoration is not always the right decision: Monocultures can provide higher ecological functions than intercropping in a desert ecosystem. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 357:120807. [PMID: 38569266 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Vegetation restoration in deserts is challenging due to these ecosystems' inherent fragility and harsh environmental conditions. One approach for active restoration involves planting native species, which can accelerate the recovery of ecosystem functions. To ensure the effectiveness of this process, carefully selecting species for planting is crucial. Generally, it is expected that a more diverse mix of species in the plantation will lead to the recovery of a greater number of ecosystem functions, especially when the selected species have complementary niche traits that facilitate maximum cooperation and minimize competition among them. In this study, we evaluated the planting of two native species from the hyper-desert of Taklamakan, China, which exhibit marked morpho-physiological differences: a phreatophytic legume (Alhagi sparsifolia) and a halophytic non-legume (Karelinia caspia). These species were grown in both monoculture and intercrop communities. Monoculture of the legume resulted in the highest biomass accumulation. Intercropping improved several ecosystem functions in the 50 cm-upper soil, particularly those related to phosphorus (P), carbon (C), and sulfur (S) concentrations, as well as soil enzyme activities. However, it also increased soil sodium (Na+) concentration and pH. Halophyte monocultures enhanced ecological functions associated with nitrogen concentrations in the upper soil and with P, S, C, and cation concentrations (K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Ni2+), along with enzyme activities in the deep soil. It also maximized Na+ accumulation in plant biomass. In summary, we recommend legume monoculture when the primary goal is to optimize biomass accumulation. Conversely, halophyte monoculture is advisable when the objective is to extract sodium from the soil or enhance ecosystem functions in the deep soil. Intercropping the two species is recommended to maximize the ecosystem functions of the upper soil, provided there is no salinization risk. When planning restoration efforts in desert regions, it is essential to understand the impact of each species on ecosystem function and how complementary species behave when intercropped. However, these interactions are likely species- and system-specific, highlighting the need for more work to optimize solutions for different arid ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Tariq
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, 848300, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, 08193, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Abd Ullah
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, 848300, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Corina Graciano
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fanjiang Zeng
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, 848300, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yanju Gao
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, 848300, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Alice C Hughes
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 852, China
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, 848300, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
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8
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Delory BM, Callaway RM, Semchenko M. A trait-based framework linking the soil metabolome to plant-soil feedbacks. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:1910-1921. [PMID: 38124274 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
By modifying the biotic and abiotic properties of the soil, plants create soil legacies that can affect vegetation dynamics through plant-soil feedbacks (PSF). PSF are generally attributed to reciprocal effects of plants and soil biota, but these interactions can also drive changes in the identity, diversity and abundance of soil metabolites, leading to more or less persistent soil chemical legacies whose role in mediating PSF has rarely been considered. These chemical legacies may interact with microbial or nutrient legacies to affect species coexistence. Given the ecological importance of chemical interactions between plants and other organisms, a better understanding of soil chemical legacies is needed in community ecology. In this Viewpoint, we aim to: highlight the importance of belowground chemical interactions for PSF; define and integrate soil chemical legacies into PSF research by clarifying how the soil metabolome can contribute to PSF; discuss how functional traits can help predict these plant-soil interactions; propose an experimental approach to quantify plant responses to the soil solution metabolome; and describe a testable framework relying on root economics and seed dispersal traits to predict how plant species affect the soil metabolome and how they could respond to soil chemical legacies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Delory
- Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Lüneburg, 21335, Germany
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CB, the Netherlands
| | - Ragan M Callaway
- Division of Biological Sciences and Institute on Ecosystems, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
| | - Marina Semchenko
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Liivi 2, 50409, Tartu, Estonia
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Zhang S, Han W, Liu T, Feng C, Jiang Q, Zhang B, Chen Y, Zhang Y. Tetracycline inhibits the nitrogen fixation ability of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) nodules in black soil by altering the root and rhizosphere bacterial communities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168047. [PMID: 37918730 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Tetracycline is a widely used antibiotic and may thus also be an environmental contaminant with an influence on plant growth. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibition mechanisms of tetracycline in relation to soybean growth and ecological networks in the roots and rhizosphere. To this end, we conducted a pot experiment in which soybean seedlings were grown in soil treated with 0, 10, or 25 mg/kg tetracycline. The effects of tetracycline pollution on growth, productivity, oxidative stress, and nitrogenase activity were evaluated. We further identified the changes in microbial taxa composition and structure at the genus and species levels by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene region. The results showed that tetracycline activates the antioxidant defense system in soybeans, which reduces the abundance of Bradyrhizobiaceae, inhibits the nitrogen-fixing ability, and decreases the nitrogen content in the root system. Tetracycline was also found to suppress the formation of the rhizospheric environment and decrease the complexity and stability of bacterial networks. Beta diversity analysis showed that the community structure of the root was markedly changed by the addition of tetracycline, which predominantly affected stochastic processes. These findings demonstrate that the influence of tetracycline on soybean roots could be attributed to the decreased stability of the bacterial community structure, which limits the number of rhizobium nodules and inhibits the nitrogen-fixing capacity. This exploration of the inhibitory mechanisms of tetracycline in relation to soybean root development emphasises the potential risks of tetracycline pollution to plant growth in an agricultural setting. Furthermore, this study provides a theoretical foundation from which to improve our understanding of the physiological toxicity of antibiotics in farmland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wei Han
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tianqi Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chengcheng Feng
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qun Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yukun Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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Paut R, Garreau L, Ollivier G, Sabatier R, Tchamitchian M. A global dataset of experimental intercropping and agroforestry studies in horticulture. Sci Data 2024; 11:5. [PMID: 38167852 PMCID: PMC10761691 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02831-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Intercropping and agroforestry systems have been increasingly well studied and documented. Yet, so far, no dataset has provided a systematic synthesis of existing data on intercropping experiments in the specific field of horticulture. A systematic literature search was carried using search terms and applied to Web of Science. The resulting dataset includes data from field experiments published in 191 articles covering experiments worldwide, between 1982 and 2022. The selected experiments cover five continents and involved 118 different crop species. Through manual extraction of information from publications, the dataset includes (i) general information on the articles; (ii) experimental site soil and climate conditions; (iii) descriptions of intercropping designs; (iv) crop management practices; (v) measurements of sole crop and intercrop yields and (v) Land Equivalent Ratios. The dataset is arranged in an easily reusable spreadsheet with columns as variables (n = 45) and rows as treatment (n = 1544). The dataset is freely reusable and updateable. We expect that it will provide valuable information for statistical analysis, modeling and innovative farming system design based on intercropping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Paut
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR Agronomie, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 91123, Palaiseau, France.
| | - Léa Garreau
- ECODEVELOPPEMENT, INRAE, 84000, Avignon, France
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Liu Y, Huang L, Liu Q, Li Z, Liu C, Yuan J, Liao J, Luo L, Yu C, Feng Y. Effects of tomato-Sedum alfredii Hance intercropping on crop production and Cd remediation as affected by soil types. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:3696-3706. [PMID: 38091222 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31318-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Intercropping crops with hyperaccumulators is a proven model for coupling crop safety production and soil heavy metal remediation. And both crop genotypes and soil properties might have great impacts on the effect of intercropping. Therefore, a greenhouse pot experiment was designed to investigate the effects of intercropping different tomato varieties with the cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii Hance (S. alfredii Hance) on different soils. The results showed that intercropping promoted Cd uptake by S. alfredii Hance and reduced soil total Cd concentration. There was no significant effect of intercropping on tomato yield and Cd concentration. Different tomato varieties had different effects on tomato yield and Cd concentration. The yield of cherry tomato was 1.04 times higher than that of common large fruit tomato, while the Cd concentration in all parts was lower than that of common large fruit tomato. Different typical zonal soils had different effects on tomato production and soil remediation. And among the four studied soils, tomatoes grown on ZJ soil had the highest yields and lowest fruit Cd concentration, making them more suitable for remediation coupled with safety production. This study provided a comprehensive analysis of tomato production benefits and soil remediation effects, which could be useful as a guide in vegetable safety production coupled with soil remediation practices in the Cd-contaminated greenhouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lukuan Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qizhen Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhesi Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chanjuan Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiayuan Liao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lishan Luo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Livestock Industrial Development Center of Shengzhou, Shengzhou, 312400, China
| | - Ying Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Rahajaharilaza K, Muller B, Violle C, Brocke KV, Ramavovololona, Morel JB, Balini E, Fort F. Upland rice varietal mixtures in Madagascar: evaluating the effects of varietal interaction on crop performance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1266704. [PMID: 38053764 PMCID: PMC10694222 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1266704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Rice plays a critical role in human livelihoods and food security. However, its cultivation requires inputs that are not accessible to all farming communities and can have negative effects on ecosystems. simultaneously, ecological research demonstrates that biodiversity management within fields contributes to ecosystem functioning. Methods This study aims to evaluate the mixture effect of four functionally distinct rice varieties in terms of characteristics and agronomic performance and their spatial arrangement on the upland rice performance in the highlands of Madagascar. The study was conducted during the 2021-2022 rainfall season at two close sites in Madagascar. Both site differ from each other's in soil properties and soil fertility management. The experimental design at each site included three modalities: i) plot composition, i.e., pure stand or binary mixture; ii) the balance between the varieties within a mixture; iii) and for the balanced mixture (50% of each variety), the spatial arrangement, i.e., row or checkerboard patterns. Data were collected on yields (grain and biomass), and resistance to Striga asiatica infestation, Pyricularia oryzea and bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae-pv from each plot. Results and discussion Varietal mixtures produced significantly higher grain and biomass yields, and significantly lower incidence of Pyricularia oryzea compared to pure stands. No significant differences were observed for BLB and striga infestation. These effects were influenced by site fertility, the less fertilized site showed stronger mixture effects with greater gains in grain yield (60%) and biomass yield (42%). The most unbalanced repartition (75% and 25% of each variety) showed the greatest mixture effect for grain yield at both sites, with a strong impact of the varietal identity within the plot. The mixture was most effective when EARLY_MUTANT_IAC_165 constituted 75% of the density associated with other varieties at 25% density. The assessment of the net effect ratio of disease, an index evaluating the mixture effect in disease reduction, indicated improved disease resistance in mixtures, regardless of site conditions. Our study in limited environments suggests that varietal mixtures can enhance rice productivity, especially in low-input situations. Further research is needed to understand the ecological mechanisms behind the positive mixture effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koloina Rahajaharilaza
- University of Antananarivo, Faculty of Sciences, Antananarivo, Madagascar
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France
- Dispositif en Partenariat Système de Production d’Altitudes Durable, CIRAD, Antsirabe, Madagascar
| | - Bertrand Muller
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France
- Dispositif en Partenariat Système de Production d’Altitudes Durable, CIRAD, Antsirabe, Madagascar
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Cyrille Violle
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Kirsten vom Brocke
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Ramavovololona
- University of Antananarivo, Faculty of Sciences, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Jean Benoît Morel
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Université de Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Elsa Balini
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Université de Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Florian Fort
- CEFE, Univ. Montpellier, L’Institut Agro, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
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Liu S, Wang L, Chang L, Khan I, Nadeem F, Rehman A, Suo R. Evaluating the influence of straw mulching and intercropping on nitrogen uptake, crop growth, and yield performance in maize and soybean. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1280382. [PMID: 37900744 PMCID: PMC10611467 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1280382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Intercropping and straw mulching are sustainable agricultural practices that can positively affect crop growth and development, especially together. Methods A split-plot experimental design was used to investigate the effects of intercropping and straw mulching on crop growth, crop yield, nitrogen uptake, and photosynthetic characteristics. The main plot focused on three planting patterns: soybean monoculture (S), maize monoculture (M), and maize/soybean intercropping (I). The subplot structure consisted of four levels of straw mulching (0, 4.8, 7.2, 9.6 t ha-1). Results Interaction and variance analyses showed that straw mulching, intercropping, and their interaction had significant effects on plant height, stem diameter, leaf area index, chlorophyll content, nitrogen uptake, photosynthetic characteristics, and crop yield. Based on two-year averages for maize and soybean, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) was up to 51.6% higher, stomatal conductance (Sc) was up to 44.0% higher, transpiration rate (Tr) was up to 46.6% higher, and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) was up to 25.7% lower relative to no mulching. The maximum increases of Pn, Sc, and Tr of intercropped maize were 15.48%, 17.28%, and 23.94%, respectively, and the maximum Ci was 17.75% lower than that of monoculture maize. The maximum increase of Pn, Sc, and Tr of monoculture soybean was 24.58%, 16.90%, and 17.91%, respectively, and the maximum Ci was 13.85% lower than that of intercropped soybean. The nitrogen uptake of maize and soybean in the mulching treatment was 24.3% higher than that in the non-mulching treatment; the nitrogen uptake of intercropped maize was 34.2% higher than that of monoculture maize, and the nitrogen uptake of monoculture soybean was 15.0% higher than that of intercropped soybean. The yield of maize and soybean in the mulching treatment was 66.6% higher than that in the non-mulching treatment, the maize yield under intercropping was 15.4% higher than that under monoculture, and the yield of monoculture soybean was 9.03% higher than that of intercropped soybean. Discussion The growth index and photosynthesis of crops are important parts of yield formation. The results of this study confirmed that straw mulching, intercropping, and their interaction can ultimately increase crop yield by improving crop growth, nitrogen uptake, and photosynthesis. This result can be used as the theoretical basis for the combined application of these measures in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siping Liu
- College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lixue Wang
- College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liang Chang
- College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ismail Khan
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Faisal Nadeem
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Agriculture, DI Khan, KP, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rehman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Ran Suo
- Quality Supervision Department, Chaoyang City Water Engineering Quality and Safety Supervision Station, Chaoyang, China
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Zhang W, Gong J, Zhang Z, Song L, Lambers H, Zhang S, Dong J, Dong X, Hu Y. Soil phosphorus availability alters the correlations between root phosphorus-uptake rates and net photosynthesis of dominant C 3 and C 4 species in a typical temperate grassland of Northern China. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:157-172. [PMID: 37547950 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) fertilization can alleviate a soil P deficiency in grassland ecosystems. Understanding plant functional traits that enhance P uptake can improve grassland management. We measured impacts of P addition on soil chemical and microbial properties, net photosynthetic rate (Pn ) and nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations ([NSC]), and root P-uptake rate (PUR), morphology, anatomy, and exudation of two dominant grass species: Leymus chinensis (C3 ) and Cleistogenes squarrosa (C4 ). For L. chinensis, PUR and Pn showed a nonlinear correlation. Growing more adventitious roots compensated for the decrease in P transport per unit root length, so that it maintained a high PUR. For C. squarrosa, PUR and Pn presented a linear correlation. Increased Pn was associated with modifications in root morphology, which further enhanced its PUR and a greater surplus of photosynthate and significantly stimulated root exudation (proxied by leaf [Mn]), which had a greater impact on rhizosheath micro-environment and microbial PLFAs. Our results present correlations between the PUR and the Pn of L. chinensis and C. squarrosa and reveal that NSC appeared to drive the modifications of root morphology and exudation; they provide more objective basis for more efficient P-input in grasslands to address the urgent problem of P deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, MOE Engineering Research Center of Desertification and Blown-Sand Control, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jirui Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, MOE Engineering Research Center of Desertification and Blown-Sand Control, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Zihe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, MOE Engineering Research Center of Desertification and Blown-Sand Control, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Liangyuan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, MOE Engineering Research Center of Desertification and Blown-Sand Control, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Siqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, MOE Engineering Research Center of Desertification and Blown-Sand Control, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jiaojiao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, MOE Engineering Research Center of Desertification and Blown-Sand Control, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xuede Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, MOE Engineering Research Center of Desertification and Blown-Sand Control, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yuxia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, MOE Engineering Research Center of Desertification and Blown-Sand Control, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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15
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Qin X, Hao S, Hu C, Yu M, Shabala S, Tan Q, Wu S, Xu S, Sun J, Sun X. Revealing the Mechanistic Basis of Regulation of Phosphorus Uptake in Soybean ( Glycine max) Roots by Molybdenum: An Integrated Omics Approach. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:13729-13744. [PMID: 37682241 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
While molybdenum (Mo) application can improve phosphorus (P) availability to plants by changing P speciation in the rhizosphere, the mechanistic basis of this process remains unclear. This work investigated the impact of various combinations of Mo and P treatments on root morphology, P and Mo uptake, and root transcriptome and metabolome. Mo application significantly increased soybean biomass and the number of lateral roots at both low (5 μmol) or normal (500 μmol) P levels and significantly improved P concentration and accumulation in Normal P treatment. Compared with the Normal P treatment, Low P significantly increased the number of roots, root surface area, and root acid phosphatase secretion. A total of 6811 Mo-responsive differentially expressed genes and 135 differential metabolites were identified at two P levels. At Low P, transcriptional changes significantly increased root synthesis and secretion of succinic acid, methylmalonic acid, and other organic acids as well as acid phosphatase, thereby increasing the conversion of soil aluminum-bound P and organic P into available P. At Normal P, Mo application increased P uptake mainly by increasing the number of lateral roots. Thus, Mo helps crops adapt to different P levels by regulating root anatomy and transcriptional and metabolic profiles of their roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Qin
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Micro-Elements Research Center, College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Songlan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Micro-Elements Research Center, College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chengxiao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Micro-Elements Research Center, College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Min Yu
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Sergey Shabala
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
- School of Biological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas 7005, Australia
| | - Qiling Tan
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Micro-Elements Research Center, College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Songwei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Micro-Elements Research Center, College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shoujun Xu
- Guangdong Agricultural Environment and Cultivated Land Quality Protection Center, Guangdong Agricultural and Rural Investment Project Center, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Jingguo Sun
- Hubei Academy of Tobacco Science, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xuecheng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Micro-Elements Research Center, College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
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Yu RP, Su Y, Lambers H, van Ruijven J, An R, Yang H, Yin XT, Xing Y, Zhang WP, Li L. A novel proxy to examine interspecific phosphorus facilitation between plant species. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023. [PMID: 37366046 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Resource complementarity can contribute to enhanced ecosystem functioning in diverse plant communities, but the role of facilitation in the enhanced complementarity is poorly understood. Here, we use leaf manganese concentration ([Mn]) as a proxy for rhizosheath carboxylate concentration to explore novel mechanisms of complementarity mediated by phosphorus (P) facilitation. In pot experiments, we showed that mixtures involving Carex korshinskyi, an efficient P-mobilizing species, exhibited greater biomass and relative complementarity effect than combinations without C. korshinskyi on P-deficient soils. Compared with monocultures, leaf [Mn] and [P] of species that are inefficient at P mobilization increased by 27% and 21% when grown with C. korshinskyi (i.e. interspecific P facilitation via carboxylates) rather than next to another inefficient P-mobilizing species. This experimental result was supported by a meta-analysis including a range of efficient P-mobilizing species. Phosphorus facilitation enhanced the relative complementarity effect in low-P environments, related to a greater change in several facilitated species of their root morphological traits relative to those in monoculture. Using leaf [Mn] as a proxy, we highlight a vital mechanism of interspecific P facilitation via belowground processes and provide evidence for the pivotal role of P facilitation mediated by the plasticity of root traits in biodiversity research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Peng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ye Su
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jasper van Ruijven
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation Group, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 47, Wageningen, 6700 AA, the Netherlands
| | - Ran An
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yi Xing
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wei-Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Long Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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17
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Staudinger C, Renton M, Leopold M, Wasaki J, Veneklaas EJ, de Britto Costa P, Boitt G, Lambers H. Interspecific facilitation of micronutrient uptake between cluster-root-bearing trees and non-cluster rooted-shrubs in a Banksia woodland. PLANT AND SOIL 2023; 496:71-82. [PMID: 38510945 PMCID: PMC10948572 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-023-06092-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Background and aims Belowground interspecific plant facilitation is supposed to play a key role in enabling species co-existence in hyperdiverse ecosystems in extremely nutrient-poor, semi-arid habitats, such as Banksia woodlands in southwestern-Australia. Manganese (Mn) is readily mobilised by Banksia cluster root activity in most soils and accumulates in mature leaves of native Australian plant species without significant remobilisation during leaf senescence. We hypothesised that neighbouring shrubs are facilitated in terms of Mn uptake depending on distance to surrounding cluster root-forming Banksia trees. Methods We mapped all Banksia trees and selected neighbouring shrubs within a study site in Western Australia. Soil samples were collected and analysed for physical properties and nutrient concentrations. To assesses the effect of Banksia tree proximity on leaf Mn concentrations [Mn] of non-cluster-rooted woody shrubs, samples of similarly aged leaves were taken. We used multiple linear models to test for factors affecting shrub leaf [Mn]. Results None of the assessed soil parameters showed a significant correlation with shrub leaf Mn concentrations. However, we observed a significant positive effect of very close Banksia trees (2 m) on leaf [Mn] in one of the understorey shrubs. We found additional effects of elevation and shrub size. Conclusions Leaf micronutrient concentrations of understorey shrubs were enhanced when growing within 2 m of tall Banksia trees. Our model predictions also indicate that belowground facilitation of Mn uptake was shrub size-dependent. We discuss this result in the light of plant water relations and shrub root system architecture. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11104-023-06092-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Staudinger
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009 Australia
- The ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009 Australia
- Institute of Agronomy, Institute of Soil Science, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, BOKU Vienna, 3400 Tulln, Austria
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences of Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8521 Japan
| | - Michael Renton
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009 Australia
| | - Matthias Leopold
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009 Australia
| | - Jun Wasaki
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences of Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8521 Japan
| | - Erik J. Veneklaas
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009 Australia
| | | | - Gustavo Boitt
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009 Australia
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009 Australia
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18
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Li Y, Liang D, Li B, Wang W, Li H. Remediation effect and mechanism of low-As-accumulating maize and peanut intercropping for safe-utilization of As-contaminated soil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2023; 25:1956-1966. [PMID: 37191287 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2023.2211172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation by intercropping is a potential method to realize both production and remediation. Maize and peanut are the main crops planted in arsenic(As) contaminated areas in south China and vulnerable to As pollution. Experiments were conducted on arsenic-polluted soil with low As-accumulating maize monoculture (M), peanut monoculture (P), and intercropping with different distances between the maize and peanut (0.2 m, 0.35 m, and 0.5 m, recorded as MP0.2, MP0.35, and MP0.5, respectively). The results indicated that the As content in the maize grains and peanut lipids in the intercropping system decreased significantly, meeting the food safety standard of China (GB 2762-2017). Moreover, the land equivalent ratio (LER) and heavy metal removal equivalence ratio (MRER) of all intercropping treatments were greater than 1, indicating that this intercropping agrosystem has the advantage of production and arsenic removal, among which the yield and LER of MP0.35 treatment were the highest. Additionally, the bioconcentration factors (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) of MP0.2 increased by 117.95% and 16.89%, respectively, indicating that the root interaction affected the absorption of As in soil by crops. This study preliminarily demonstrated the feasibility of this intercropping system to safely use and remedy arsenic-contaminated farmland during production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinshi Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongxia Liang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingqian Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huashou Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Li Q, Philp J, Denton MD, Huang Y, Wei J, Sun H, Li Y, Zhao Q. Stoichiometric homeostasis of N:P ratio drives species-specific symbiotic N fixation inhibition under N addition. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1076894. [PMID: 38487209 PMCID: PMC10938344 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1076894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Symbiotic N fixation inhibition induced by N supply to legumes is potentially regulated by the relative N and P availability in soil. However, the specific responses of different legume species to changes in N:P availability remain unclear, and must be better understood to optimize symbiotic N fixation inputs under N enrichment. This study investigated mechanisms by which soil N and P supply influence the symbiotic N fixation of eight legume species, to quantify the inter-specific differences, and to demonstrate how these differences can be determined by the stoichiometric homeostasis in N:P ratios (HN:P). Methods Eight herbaceous legume species were grown separately in outdoor pots and treated with either no fertilizer (control), N fertilizer (14 g N m-2), P fertilizer (3.5 g P m-2) or both N and P fertilizer. Plant nutrients, stoichiometric characteristics, root biomass, non-structural carbohydrates (NSC), rhizosphere chemistry, P mobilization, root nodulation and symbiotic N fixation were measured. Results N addition enhanced rhizosphere P mobilization but drove a loss of root biomass and root NSC via exudation of P mobilization compound (organic acid), especially so in treatments without P addition. N addition also induced a 2-14% or 14-36% decline in symbiotic N fixation per plant biomass by legumes in treatments with or without P addition, as a result of decreasing root biomass and root NSC. The changes in symbiotic N fixation were positively correlated with stoichiometric homeostasis of N:P ratios in intact plants without root nodules, regardless of P additions. Discussion This study indicates that N addition can induce relative P limitations for growth, which can stimulate rhizosphere P mobilization at the expense of root biomass and carbohydrate concentrations, reducing symbiotic N fixation in legumes. Legume species that had less changes in plant N:P ratio, such as Lespedeza daurica and Medicago varia maintained symbiotic N fixation to a greater extent under N addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Joshua Philp
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Matthew D. Denton
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Yingxin Huang
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Jian Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Huijuan Sun
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
- College of Forestry and Grassland Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
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Li Q, Shi J, Li G, Hu J, Ma R. Extracellular enzyme stoichiometry and microbial resource limitation following various grassland reestablishment in abandoned cropland. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 870:161746. [PMID: 36693570 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Grassland restoration in abandoned cropland had great impact on soil enzyme stoichiometry and microbial resource limitation, hence altering carbon (C) sequestration progress in soil depending on soil depth and grassland restoration strategy. It is crucial to understand the microbial resource limitation under various restoration strategies, which could have key implication for optimizing management to improve C sequestration in abandoned cropland. The objective of this study was to examine the changes and key regulators of soil enzyme stoichiometry and microbial resource limitation in different soil depths under different management strategies to restore grassland, namely a) cropland as continuous cropping (CR); b) naturally restored grassland (NR); c) grass-based grassland (GG); d) legume-based grassland (LG); e) grass-legume mixed grassland (MG); and f) grass-based grassland with N fertilization (GF). Results showed that converting cropland into grassland increased absolute soil enzyme activities potential for microbial C, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) acquisition by 5-110 %, 25-132 % and 17-215 %, respectively depending on soil depth and grassland restoration strategy. These enzyme activities increased more in surface soil than subsoil with the conversion of cropland into grassland, especially under LG and GF. The strategies to restore grassland, especially LG and GF, significantly decreased enzymatic C:P and N:P ratios. Microbial C limitation was reduced associated with re-establishment of grassland, exacerbating the P limitation depending on grassland restoration strategies, especially under LG and GF. The shift of relative microbial resource limitation from C to P reduced the microbial C use efficiency, reducing the ecosystem C sequestration potential during the restoration of grassland. It appears that increased biomass input and soil C:P ratio are the key drivers to shift microbial resource limitation from C to P during the restoration of grassland. Thus, a moderate harvest of above-ground biomass with a supplement of P may be necessary for improving the C sequestration potential during the restoration of grasslands, especially in the grass-legume mix or grass-based grassland with N fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Changchun 130102, China; Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.
| | - Jibo Shi
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Guangdi Li
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
| | - Juan Hu
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Changchun 130102, China; Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.
| | - Ruonan Ma
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Li G, Wang K, Qin Q, Li Q, Mo F, Nangia V, Liu Y. Integrated Microbiome and Metabolomic Analysis Reveal Responses of Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities and Root exudate Composition to Drought and Genotype in Rice (Oryza sativa L.). RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 16:19. [PMID: 37039929 PMCID: PMC10090257 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-023-00636-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As climate change events become more frequent, drought is an increasing threat to agricultural production and food security. Crop rhizosphere microbiome and root exudates are critical regulators for drought adaptation, yet our understanding on the rhizosphere bacterial communities and root exudate composition as affected by drought stress is far from complete. In this study, we performed 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and widely targeted metabolomic analysis of rhizosphere soil and root exudates from two contrasting rice genotypes (Nipponbare and Luodao 998) exposed to drought stress. RESULTS A reduction in plant phenotypes was observed under drought, and the inhibition was greater for roots than for shoots. Additionally, drought exerted a negligible effect on the alpha diversity of rhizosphere bacterial communities, but obviously altered their composition. In particular, drought led to a significant enrichment of Actinobacteria but a decrease in Firmicutes. We also found that abscisic acid in root exudates was clearly higher under drought, whereas lower jasmonic acid and L-cystine concentrations. As for plant genotypes, variations in plant traits of the drought-tolerant genotype Luodao 998 after drought were smaller than those of Nipponbare. Interestingly, drought triggered an increase in Bacillus, as well as an upregulation of most organic acids and a downregulation of all amino acids in Luodao 998. Notably, both Procrustes analysis and Mantel test demonstrated that rhizosphere microbiome and root exudate metabolomic profiles were highly correlated. A number of differentially abundant genera responded to drought and genotype, including Streptomyces, Bacillus and some members of Actinobacteria, were significantly associated with organic acid and amino acid contents in root exudates. Further soil incubation experiments showed that Streptomyces was regulated by abscisic acid and jasmonic acid under drought. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal that both drought and genotype drive changes in the compositions of rice rhizosphere bacterial communities and root exudates under the greenhouse condition, and that organic acid exudation and suppression of amino acid exudation to select specific rhizosphere bacterial communities may be an important strategy for rice to cope with drought. These findings have important implications for improving the adaptability of rice to drought from the perspective of plant-microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gege Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qun Qin
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qi Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fei Mo
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Vinay Nangia
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, 999055, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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22
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Surigaoge S, Yang H, Su Y, Du YH, Ren SX, Fornara D, Christie P, Zhang WP, Li L. Maize/peanut intercropping has greater synergistic effects and home-field advantages than maize/soybean on straw decomposition. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1100842. [PMID: 36938012 PMCID: PMC10020597 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1100842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The decomposition of plant litter mass is responsible for substantial carbon fluxes and remains a key process regulating nutrient cycling in natural and managed ecosystems. Litter decomposition has been addressed in agricultural monoculture systems, but not in intercropping systems, which produce species-diverse litter mass mixtures. The aim here is to quantify how straw type, the soil environment and their combined effects may influence straw decomposition in widely practiced maize/legume intercropping systems. METHODS Three decomposition experiments were conducted over 341 days within a long-term intercropping field experiment which included two nitrogen (N) addition levels (i.e. no-N and N-addition) and five cropping systems (maize, soybean and peanut monocultures and maize/soybean and maize/peanut intercropping). Experiment I was used to quantify litter quality effects on decomposition; five types of straw (maize, soybean, peanut, maize-soybean and maize-peanut) from two N treatments decomposed in the same maize plot. Experiment II addressed soil environment effects on root decomposition; soybean straw decomposed in different plots (five cropping systems and two N levels). Experiment III addressed 'home' decomposition effects whereby litter mass (straw) was remained to decompose in the plot of origin. The contribution of litter and soil effects to the home-field advantages was compared between experiment III ('home' plot) and I-II ('away' plot). RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Straw type affected litter mass loss in the same soil environment (experiment I) and the mass loss values of maize, soybean, peanut, maize-soybean, and maize-peanut straw were 59, 77, 87, 76, and 78%, respectively. Straw type also affected decomposition in the 'home' plot environment (experiment III), with mass loss values of maize, soybean, peanut, maize-soybean and maize-peanut straw of 66, 74, 80, 72, and 76%, respectively. Cropping system did not affect the mass loss of soybean straw (experiment II). Nitrogen-addition significantly increased straw mass loss in experiment III. Decomposition of maize-peanut straw mixtures was enhanced more by 'home-field advantage' effects than that of maize-soybean straw mixtures. There was a synergistic mixing effect of maize-peanut and maize-soybean straw mixture decomposition in both 'home' (experiment III) and 'away' plots (experiment I). Maize-peanut showed greater synergistic effects than maize-soybean in straw mixture decomposition in their 'home' plot (experiment III). These findings are discussed in terms of their important implications for the management of species-diverse straw in food-production intercropping systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surigaoge Surigaoge
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-He Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Su-Xian Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dario Fornara
- Davines Group-Rodale Institute European Regenerative Organic Center (EROC), Parma, Italy
| | - Peter Christie
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei-Ping Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Long Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Tang F, Li Q, Yue J, Ge F, Li F, Liu Y, Zhang D, Tian J. Penicillium oxalicum augments soil lead immobilization by affecting indigenous microbial community structure and inorganic phosphate solubilization potential during microbial-induced phosphate precipitation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 319:120953. [PMID: 36584858 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs) are critically important for increasing soil phosphate (P) and decreasing lead (Pb) bioavailability during microbial-induced phosphate precipitation (MIPP). However, their relative contributions to the indigenous soil microbial communities and P-cycling genes during the MIPP process remain unclear. In this study, inoculation of the PSM P. oxalicum in hydroxyapatite-cultured and Pb-contaminated soil increased soil phosphatase activities, available P (AP) concentrations and reduced available Pb levels. Metagenomics revealed a 3.9-44.0% increase in the abundance of P-cycling genes by P. oxalicum inoculation. No P-cycling genes were assigned to Penicillium. While P. oxalicum increased the complexity of microbial community co-occurrence networks, and improved the directly interrelationships between Penicillium and genera containing P-cycling gene. These results suggesting that P. oxalicum obviously positively affected the regulation of indigenous P-cycling functional communities during the MIPP process. Inorganic P solubilization genes (gcd, ppa, and ppx) have been shown to affect soil AP, suggesting that inorganic P solubilization is the major driver of Pb immobilization improvement following P. oxalicum inoculation. These results enhance our understanding of the significant ecological role of PSMs in governing soil P-cycling and alleviating Pb2+ biotoxicity during the MIPP process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Tang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Qiqiang Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Jiaru Yue
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Fei Ge
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Dayi Zhang
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Jiang Tian
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China.
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Changes in Soil Phosphorus Availability and Microbial Community Structures in Rhizospheres of Oilseed Rapes Induced by Intercropping with White Lupins. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020326. [PMID: 36838291 PMCID: PMC9959241 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Oilseed rape is sensitive to soil phosphorus deficiencies. In contrast, white lupin is widely used as a model plant because it has efficient phosphorus utilization. Therefore, soil fertility and microbial composition in the rhizospheres of oilseed rapes and root exudate metabolites were compared under monocropping and intercropping systems. The main purpose was to explore whether the phosphorus absorption of rapeseed can be promoted by intercropping with white lupine. In comparison with oilseed rape monoculture (RR), the results showed that the contents of soil-available phosphorus, microbial biomass and phosphorus in the rhizospheres of oilseed rapes in the intercropping system (RL) were all higher than those of RR. Meanwhile, in comparison with RR, not only phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, such as Streptomyces, Actinomadura and Bacillus, but also phosphorus-solubilizing fungi, such as Chaetomium, Aspergillus, Penicillium, were enriched in the rhizospheres of the oilseed rape under the RL system. Moreover, more abundant soil bacterial functions, organic acids and metabolites were also detected in root exudates of the oilseed rapes under the RL system. All of the above results suggest that soil phosphorus availability in the rhizospheres of oilseed rape could be improved by intercropping with white lupin. Additionally, soil phosphorus-solubilizing microorganisms, that are enriched in the rhizospheres of oilseed rapes under RL systems, have an important function in the improvement of phosphorus absorption of rapeseed by intercropping with white lupin.
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Wu J, Bao X, Zhang J, Lu B, Zhang W, Callaway RM, Li L. Temporal stability of productivity is associated with complementarity and competitive intensities in intercropping. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 33:e2731. [PMID: 36053981 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Year-to-year stability in crop production is a crucial aspect of feeding a growing global population. Evidence from natural ecosystems shows that increasing plant diversity generally increases the temporal stability of productivity; however, we have little knowledge of the mechanisms by which diversity affects stability. In fact, understanding the drivers of stability is a major knowledge gap in our understanding of biodiversity and ecosystem function in general. We varied resource inputs into crop monocultures and intercropping of maize/pea and maize/rapeseed for 3 years in field experiments to create a wide range of values for temporal stability, complementarity effects, selection effects, competition, and facilitation. We correlated whole-system temporal stability in productivity with these values and the stability of competitively subordinate species and competitively dominant species in the intercrops. We then used structural equation modeling (SEM), which combines complex path models with latent variables, to estimate how interspecific interactions for water, nitrogen, and phosphorus affected the relationships between stability and these values. Intercropping treatments did not increase stability, but the wide range of stability created by our experiments allowed us to explore the relationship of many factors with stability. Complementarity correlated positively with the temporal stability of grain yield and aboveground biomass, suggesting that either facilitative interactions or niche partitioning shifted over time in ways that promoted stability. Furthermore, the temporal stability of total productivity of intercropping relied most on the stability of more productive species. However, facilitation tested by relative interaction index independently did not correlate with stability, but the temporal stability of the whole system increased as the competitive effects of competitively dominant species (pea and rapeseed) on competitively subordinate species (maize) decreased and was highest when these competitive effects were virtually zero. SEM indicated that as competition for soil nitrogen from competitively dominant species on competitively subordinate species decreased, the overall temporal stability of whole-system aboveground biomass increased. This stability then led to greater stability in grain production. Our findings indicate that complex shifts in complementarity and competitive intensities are likely to be key mechanisms that maintain temporal stability in species-diverse agriculture and, potentially, in natural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant and Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingguo Bao
- Institute of Soils, Fertilizers and Water-Saving Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiudong Zhang
- Institute of Soils, Fertilizers and Water-Saving Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Binglin Lu
- Institute of Soils, Fertilizers and Water-Saving Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Weiping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant and Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ragan M Callaway
- Division of Biological Sciences and Institute on Ecosystems, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, USA
| | - Long Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant and Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Zhang X, Yan J, Wu F. Response of Cucumis sativus to Neighbors in a Species-Specific Manner. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:139. [PMID: 36616268 PMCID: PMC9824612 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plants exhibit various behaviors of growth and allocation that play an important role in plant performance and social interaction as they grow together. However, it is unclear how Cucumis sativus plants respond to different neighbors. Here, we performed 5 neighbor combinations with C. sativus as the focal species. The selected materials of C. sativus responded to neighbors and exhibited different behavior strategies in a species-specific manner. All competition treatments reduced the growth of C. sativus seedlings to a certain extent, but only the Eruca sativa neighbor treatment reached a significant level in total root length and shoot biomass. Compared with growing under solitary conditions, focal plants avoided, tended to and did not change their allocation to their nearby plants. The larger the biomass of their neighbors, the stronger the inhibition of the focal plants. In addition, no significant correlations between growth and allocation variables were found, suggesting that growth and allocation are two important aspects of C. sativus behavioral strategies. Our findings provide reference and support for agricultural production of C. sativus, but further research and practice are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Cold Area Vegetable Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jingfan Yan
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Cold Area Vegetable Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Fengzhi Wu
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Cold Area Vegetable Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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Te X, Hassan MJ, Cui K, Xiao J, Aslam MN, Saeed A, Yang W, Ali S. Effect of different planting pattern arrangements on soil organic matter and soil nitrogen content under a maize/soybean strip relay intercropping system. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:995750. [PMID: 36589089 PMCID: PMC9798084 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.995750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Assessing the spatial distribution of organic matter and total nitrogen in soil is essential for management and optimum utilization of fertilizers. Therefore, the present field experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of different planting pattern arrangements on the spatial distribution of soil total nitrogen and organic matter content under a maize/soybean strip relay intercropping system. The planting was arranged in a manner such that soil sampling could be done from continuous maize/soybean relay strip intercropping (MS1), maize/soybean relay strip intercropping in rotation (MS2), traditional maize/soybean intercropping (MS3), sole maize (M), sole soybean (S), and fallow land (FL) from 2018 to 2020. The results showed significant variations for soil organic matter and total nitrogen content under different planting pattern arrangements of maize and soybean in the strip relay intercropping system. Across all systems, the highest soil organic matter (29.19 g/kg) and total nitrogen (10.19 g/kg) were recorded in MS2. In contrast, the lowest soil organic matter (1.69 g/kg) and total nitrogen (0.64 g/kg) were observed in FL. Soil organic matter and total nitrogen in MS2 increased by 186.45% and 164.06%, respectively, when compared with FL. Soil organic matter and total nitrogen in MS2 increased by 186.45% and 164.06%, respectively, when compared with FL. Furthermore, under MS2, the spatial distribution of soil organic matter was higher in both maize and soybean crop rows as compared with other cropping patterns, whereas the soil total nitrogen was higher under soybean rows as compared with maize in all other treatment. However, correlation analysis of the treatments showed variations in organic matter content. It can be concluded that different planting patterns can have varying effects on soil organic matter and total nitrogen distribution under the strip relay intercropping system. Moreover, it is recommended from this study that MS2 is a better planting pattern for the strip relay intercropping system, which can increase the spatial distribution of soil organic matter and total nitrogen, thereby improving soil fertility, C:N ratio, and crop production. This study will serve as a foundation towards the scientific usage of chemical fertilizers in agricultural sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Te
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine Resources and Cultivation, Sichuan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Muhammad Jawad Hassan
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kuoshu Cui
- Dry Grain Department, Sichuan General Popularization Centre of Agricultural Technique, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiahui Xiao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Amjad Saeed
- Department of Agronomy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Wenyu Yang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Safdar Ali
- Department of Agronomy, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Tang X, He Y, Zhang Z, Wu H, He L, Jiang J, Meng W, Huang Z, Xiong F, Liu J, Zhong R, Han Z, Wan S, Tang R. Beneficial shift of rhizosphere soil nutrients and metabolites under a sugarcane/peanut intercropping system. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1018727. [PMID: 36531399 PMCID: PMC9757493 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1018727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Intercropping systems have been studied as a sustainable agricultural planting pattern to increase soil quality and crop yields. However, the relationships between metabolites and soil physicochemical properties remain poorly understood under sugarcane/peanut intercropping system. Thus, we determined the rhizosphere soil physicochemical properties, and analyzed rhizosphere soil metabolites and root metabolites by metabolomics method under monoculture and intercropping patterns of sugarcane and peanut. The results showed that pH, the contents of total phosphorus (P), total potassium (K), available nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P), and available potassium (K) were higher in rhizosphere soil of intercropping peanut than monoculture peanut, and the content of total P was higher in rhizosphere soil of intercropping sugarcane than monoculture sugarcane. Sugarcane/peanut intercropping also significantly increased the activities of acid phosphatase and urease in rhizosphere soil. The metabolomics results showed that 32 metabolites, mainly organic acids and their derivatives (25.00%), nucleotides and their metabolites (18.75%), were detected in root and rhizosphere soil samples. In the MP-S (rhizosphere soil of monoculture peanut) vs. IP-S (rhizosphere soil of intercropping peanut) comparison, 47 differential metabolites (42 upregulated) were screened, including glycerolipids (19.15%), organic acids and their derivatives (17.89%), and amino acids and their metabolites (12.77%). In the MS-S (rhizosphere soil of monoculture sugarcane) vs. IS-S (rhizosphere soil of intercropping sugarcane) comparison, 51 differential metabolites (26 upregulated) were screened, including heterocyclic compounds (15.69%), glycerolipids (11.76%), and organic acids and their derivatives (9.80%). The metabolite species from MP-S, MS-S, IP-S, and IS-S were similar, but some metabolite contents were significantly different, such as adenine, adenosine, maltotriose, thermozeaxanthin-13 and PE-NMe (20:0/24:0). Adenine and adenosine were detected in root and rhizosphere soils, and their levels were increased in the intercropping treatment, which were mainly related to enhanced purine metabolism in root and rhizosphere soils under the sugarcane/peanut intercropping system. Importantly, adenine and adenosine were significantly positively correlated with total P and total K contents, acid phosphatase and urease activities, and pH. This study clarified that the sugarcane/peanut intercropping system could improve soil nutrients and enzymes and was related to purine metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Tang
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Yonglin He
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement and Ecological Physiology of Shandong, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Haining Wu
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Liangqiong He
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Weiwei Meng
- Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement and Ecological Physiology of Shandong, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhipeng Huang
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Faqian Xiong
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Ruichun Zhong
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Zhuqiang Han
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Shubo Wan
- Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement and Ecological Physiology of Shandong, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Ronghua Tang
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
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Liu J, Li Y, Han C, Yang D, Yang J, Cade-Menun BJ, Chen Y, Sui P. Maize-soybean intercropping facilitates chemical and microbial transformations of phosphorus fractions in a calcareous soil. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1028969. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1028969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intercropping often substantially increases phosphorus (P) availability to plants compared with monocropping, which could be an effective strategy for soil legacy P recovery and agricultural production. However, the biogeochemical interactions among plants, microbes, and soil that mobilize P remain largely unknown in intercropping systems. Pot experiments with maize-soybean intercropping in a calcareous soil were conducted to investigate the potential chemical and biological transformation mechanisms of inorganic P (Pi) and organic P (Po) using sequential extraction and Illumina MiSeq sequencing. Compared to monocropping of each crop, maize-soybean intercropping significantly enhanced total P uptake of the two crops by mobilizing Ca2-Pi [extracted by bicarbonate (NaHCO3)], Al-Pi/Po [extracted by ammonium fluoride (NH4F)] and Fe-Pi [extracted by sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate (NaOH-Na2CO3)] fractions. Furthermore, there were significant increases in the organic carbon content and alkaline phosphomonoesterase (ALP) and phosphodiesterase (PDE) activities as well as the abundances of Microvirga, Lysobacter, Microlunatus and Sphingomonas under maize-soybean intercropping relative to monocropping. In contrast, compared to monocroppping, no significant change in the soil pH was observed under maize-soybean intercropping. Therefore, the enhanced P uptake of the maize-soybean intercropping probably resulted from a synergistic effect of rhizosphere organic carbon deposit, increased activities of ALP and PDE, together with the bacteria (Microvirga, Lysobacter, Microlunatus and Sphingomonas) which showed correlation with soil P forms, while the generally recognized rhizosphere acidification was excluded in this investigated calcareous soil. Moreover, the selected bacterial genera exhibited a closer network in the rhizosphere of soybean compared to maize, suggesting enhanced interactions among bacteria in the soybean rhizosphere. These results provide theoretical bases for the recovery of soil legacy P by maize-soybean intercropping.
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Batyrbek M, Abbas F, Fan R, Han Q. Influence of Mineral Fertilizer and Manure Application on the Yield and Quality of Maize in Relation to Intercropping in the Southeast Republic of Kazakhstan. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2644. [PMID: 36235514 PMCID: PMC9572791 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L.) is a valuable forage crop. It is also an essential and promising crop for the Republic of Kazakhstan, cultivated in the southern zone. Some new maize hybrids have been introduced, which have been beneficial for high yields with less fertilizer input. This study aims to introduce the new maize hybrid, Arman 689, for the judicial use of fertilizer and the high yield. This study was carried out in 2015 in the southeast region of Kazakhstan. There are five treatments with various mineral fertilizer and poultry manure doses: 1. control (T0), 2. P60 K100 (T1), 3. N100P60K100 (T2). 4. N100P60K100 + 40 tons of manure/ha (T3), and 5. N100P60K100 + 60 ton of manure/ha (T4). The fertilizers used were ammonium nitrate (N—34.6%), amorphous (N—11.0%, P2O5—46.0%), and potassium chloride KCl (K2O—56%). The results showed that the grain yield ranges from 5.51 t/ha (T0) to 8.49 (T4) t/ha. The protein contents in the maize grain varied from 9%(T0)−11.3%(T4). The grain nitrogen content accounted for 54.2 to 52.0%. The nutrient uptake results by different treatments indicated that nitrogen contributed to 41.5% of the total yield increase. Using manure in combination with mineral fertilizers reduced the payback of the applied resources, as the payback of T2−T4 was 8.8−9.1 kg of grain. With the application of recommended mineral fertilizer (NPK), the protein yield was 0.83 t/ha, 0.33, and 1.22 t/ha higher than T0 and T1 treatments, respectively. There was no significant yield difference under T3 and T4 treatments (p > 0.05). Overall, the treatment, NPK + 40 tons of manure, was proved the ultimate for the Arman hybrid in providing the optimum quantity and quality of maize, as well as reducing the payback cost (8.8−9.1 kg of grain). It is suggested to apply NPK-recommended doses along with manure in maize (Arman hybrid)-based intercropping systems to utilize the resources efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksat Batyrbek
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Fakher Abbas
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Ruqin Fan
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Qingfang Han
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Xianyang 712100, China
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Nyirenda H. Changes in tree structure, composition and soil in different disturbance categories in Miombo and agroecosystems in Malawi, central Africa. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10664. [PMID: 36164510 PMCID: PMC9508568 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to characterise the floristic, structural composition of vegetation and soil status in the three land use types of protected area (PA), harvested woodland (HW) and traditional agriculture land (TA) in Salima District, Malawi. The HW and TA were further divided into categories based on the number of years the land was subjected to use as a disturbance i.e. into 1–5 years, 6–10 years, and 11+ years. Floristic data were collected on tree species, diameter at breast height (1.3 m from the ground) and regeneration categories of seedlings, saplings and poles. Soil samples were collected from the sampled plots where floristic data were collected. The study found 73 tree species from 58 genera and 31 families. High tree species diversity was recorded in HW used for over 11 years (p < 0.05). Tree species dominance depended on land use. Although the HW and TA showed an inverse J-shaped structure indicating stable tree populations, the HW had fewer big trees. The PA showed signs of ageing tree population shown by the bell-shaped structure. The study area was dominated by Sandy loam soils with very high porosity of above 40%. The more the years of disturbance, the higher the fertility loss within the TA in terms of organic matter and organic carbon but the reverse was true for nitrogen. The decrease in soil fertility loss was however, higher in TA as compared to HW and PA. To address the unstable structural status of some species in the land uses, deliberative silvicultural interventions should be introduced in the land uses. There is need to integrate fertility-improvement tree species and manure use in the agricultural land to improve soil fertility.
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Sun X, Zhang C, Bei S, Wang G, Geisen S, Bedoussac L, Christie P, Zhang J. High bacterial diversity and siderophore-producing bacteria collectively suppress Fusarium oxysporum in maize/faba bean intercropping. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:972587. [PMID: 35992682 PMCID: PMC9389221 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.972587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Beyond interacting with neighboring plants, crop performance is affected by the microbiome that includes pathogens and mutualists. While the importance of plant-plant interactions in explaining overyielding in intercropping is well known, the role of the microbiome, in particular how the presence of microbes from heterospecific crop species inhibit pathogens of the focal plants in affecting yield remains hardly explored. Here we performed both field samplings and pot experiments to investigate the microbial interactions in the maize/faba bean intercropping system, with the focus on the inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum in faba bean plants. Long-term field measurements show that maize/faba bean intercropping increased crop yield, reduced the gene copies of F. oxysporum by 30-84% and increased bacterial richness and Shannon index compared to monocropping. Bacterial networks in intercropping were more stable with more hub nodes than the respective monocultures. Furthermore, the observed changes of whole microbial communities were aligned with differences in the number of siderophore-producing rhizobacteria in maize and pathogen abundances in faba bean. Maize possessed 71% more siderophore-producing rhizobacteria and 33% more synthetases genes abundance of nonribosomal peptides, especially pyochelin, relative to faba bean. This was further evidenced by the increased numbers of siderophore-producing bacteria and decreased gene copies of F. oxysporum in the rhizosphere of intercropped faba bean. Four bacteria (Pseudomonas spp. B004 and B021, Bacillus spp. B005 and B208) from 95 isolates antagonized F. oxysporum f. sp. fabae. In particular, B005, which represented a hub node in the networks, showed particularly high siderophore-producing capabilities. Intercropping increased overall bacterial diversity and network complexity and the abundance of siderophore-producing bacteria, leading to facilitated pathogen suppression and increased resistance of faba bean to F. oxysporum. This study has great agronomic implications as microorganisms might be specifically targeted to optimize intercropping practices in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhan Sun
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chaochun Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuikuan Bei
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangzhou Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Stefan Geisen
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Laurent Bedoussac
- AGIR, University of Toulouse, ENSFEA, INRAE, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Peter Christie
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junling Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Montgomery BL, Whittaker JA. The roots of change: Cultivating equity and change across generations from healthy roots. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:2588-2593. [PMID: 35445722 PMCID: PMC9252499 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph A Whittaker
- Division of Research and Economic Development, Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi 39217, USA
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Zhu SG, Cheng ZG, Yin HH, Zhou R, Yang YM, Wang J, Zhu H, Wang W, Wang BZ, Li WB, Tao HY, Xiong YC. Transition in plant-plant facilitation in response to soil water and phosphorus availability in a legume-cereal intercropping system. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:311. [PMID: 35761174 PMCID: PMC9238078 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03706-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tradeoff between negative and positive interactions of facilitated species and facilitators may depend on the degree of resource availability in agroecosystems. However, the rhizospheric mechanisms driving trade-offs that occur along phosphorus (P) and water availability gradients have not yet been systematically clarified. We established three types of root isolation conditions (no barrier, nylon barrier and solid barrier) at different P and water addition levels to address the above issue in a maize-grass pea intercropping system. RESULTS The total yield and biomass net effect (NE) and the relative interaction index (RII) were significantly higher than 0 under all environmental conditions, demonstrating that plant-plant interactions generated positive effects in the intercropping system. The maize yield and biomass RII were 0.029-0.095 and 0.018-0.066, respectively, which indicated that maize growth was constantly facilitated. However, the RII for grass pea yield and biomass exhibited a different trend in comparison with maize. It was higher than 0 (as the facilitated species) under low soil P and moisture conditions and transitioned to values lower than 0 (facilitator species) under high P and moisture conditions, which showed that the type and intensity of plant-plant interactions steadily shifted with the applied stressors. Direct interactions decreased the maize rhizospheric soil pH by 1.5% and 1.9% under Low-P conditions. Notably, the rhizospheric soil acid and alkaline phosphatase secretions of maize and grass pea increased by 17.4-27.4% and 15.3-27.7%, respectively, in P-deficient soils. These results show that plant-plant interactions can effectively relieve P stress by mineralizing organophosphorus in P-deficient soils. Furthermore, the above tendency became more pronounced under drought-stressed conditions. The nylon barrier partially restricted the exchange and utilization of available nutrients and decreased the total yield and biomass by 1.8-7.8% and 1.1-7.8%, respectively. The presence of a solid barrier completely restricted interspecific rhizospheric interactions and decreased the total yield and biomass by 2.1-13.8% and 1.6-15.7%, respectively. Phytate and KH2PO4 addition intensified asymmetric interspecific competition, and grass pea was consistently subjected to competitive pressures. CONCLUSION Briefly, the tradeoff between facilitation and competition was driven by rhizospheric interactions, and the transition in the intensity and type of interaction was highly dependent on resource availability in a biologically diverse system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Guo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zheng-Guo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hai-Hong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Yu-Miao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Bao-Zhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wen-Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hong-Yan Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - You-Cai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Chen X, Chen HYH, Chang SX. Meta-analysis shows that plant mixtures increase soil phosphorus availability and plant productivity in diverse ecosystems. Nat Ecol Evol 2022; 6:1112-1121. [PMID: 35760890 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-022-01794-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Soil phosphorus (P) availability is critical to plant productivity in many terrestrial ecosystems. How soil P availability responds to changes in plant diversity remains uncertain, despite the global crisis of rapid biodiversity loss. Our meta-analysis based on 180 studies across various ecosystems (croplands, grasslands, forests and pot experiments) shows that, on average, soil total P, phosphatase activity and available P are 6.8%, 8.5% and 4.6%, respectively, higher in species mixtures than in monocultures. The mixture effect on phosphatase activity becomes more positive with increasing species and functional group richness, with more pronounced increases in the rhizosphere than in the bulk soil. The mixture effects on soil-available P in the bulk soil do not change, but with increasing species or functional group richness these effects in the rhizosphere soil shift from positive to negative. Nonetheless, enhanced soil phosphatase activity stimulated available P in diverse species mixtures, offsetting increased plant uptake effects that decrease soil-available P. Moreover, the enhancement effects of species richness on soil phosphatase activity are positively associated with increased plant productivity. Our findings highlight that preserving plant diversity could increase soil phosphatase activity and P availability, which sustain the current and future productivity of terrestrial ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Chen
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Han Y H Chen
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott X Chang
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. .,State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China.
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36
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Fréville H, Montazeaud G, Forst E, David J, Papa R, Tenaillon MI. Shift in beneficial interactions during crop evolution. Evol Appl 2022; 15:905-918. [PMID: 35782010 PMCID: PMC9234679 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant domestication can be viewed as a form of co-evolved interspecific mutualism between humans and crops for the benefit of the two partners. Here, we ask how this plant-human mutualism has, in turn, impacted beneficial interactions within crop species, between crop species, and between crops and their associated microbial partners. We focus on beneficial interactions resulting from three main mechanisms that can be promoted by manipulating genetic diversity in agrosystems: niche partitioning, facilitation, and kin selection. We show that a combination of factors has impacted either directly or indirectly plant-plant interactions during domestication and breeding, with a trend toward reduced benefits arising from niche partitioning and facilitation. Such factors include marked decrease of molecular and functional diversity of crops and other organisms present in the agroecosystem, mass selection, and increased use of chemical inputs. For example, the latter has likely contributed to the relaxation of selection pressures on nutrient-mobilizing traits such as those associated to root exudation and plant nutrient exchanges via microbial partners. In contrast, we show that beneficial interactions arising from kin selection have likely been promoted since the advent of modern breeding. We highlight several issues that need further investigation such as whether crop phenotypic plasticity has evolved and could trigger beneficial interactions in crops, and whether human-mediated selection has impacted cooperation via kin recognition. Finally, we discuss how plant breeding and agricultural practices can help promoting beneficial interactions within and between species in the context of agroecology where the mobilization of diversity and complexity of crop interactions is viewed as a keystone of agroecosystem sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Fréville
- AGAPUniv MontpellierCIRADINRAEInstitut AgroMontpellierFrance
| | - Germain Montazeaud
- AGAPUniv MontpellierCIRADINRAEInstitut AgroMontpellierFrance
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Emma Forst
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental SciencesUniversità Politecnica delle MarcheAnconaItaly
| | - Jacques David
- AGAPUniv MontpellierCIRADINRAEInstitut AgroMontpellierFrance
| | - Roberto Papa
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental SciencesUniversità Politecnica delle MarcheAnconaItaly
| | - Maud I. Tenaillon
- Génétique Quantitative et Evolution – Le MoulonINRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTechUniversité Paris‐SaclayGif‐sur‐YvetteFrance
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37
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Qiao X, Bei S, Wang G, Li C, Li H, Zhang J, Zhang F. Soil biota is decisive for overyielding in intercropping under low phosphorus conditions. J Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Qiao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences; National Academy of Agriculture Green Development; Key Laboratory of Plant‐Soil Interactions Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University Beijing China
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Shuikuan Bei
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences; National Academy of Agriculture Green Development; Key Laboratory of Plant‐Soil Interactions Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Guangzhou Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences; National Academy of Agriculture Green Development; Key Laboratory of Plant‐Soil Interactions Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Chunjie Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences; National Academy of Agriculture Green Development; Key Laboratory of Plant‐Soil Interactions Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Haigang Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences; National Academy of Agriculture Green Development; Key Laboratory of Plant‐Soil Interactions Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University Beijing China
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot China
| | - Junling Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences; National Academy of Agriculture Green Development; Key Laboratory of Plant‐Soil Interactions Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Fusuo Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences; National Academy of Agriculture Green Development; Key Laboratory of Plant‐Soil Interactions Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University Beijing China
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38
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Matzen SL, Lobo GP, Fakra SC, Kakouridis A, Nico PS, Pallud CE. Arsenic hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata shows reduced biomass in soils with high arsenic and low nutrient availability, leading to increased arsenic leaching from soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 818:151803. [PMID: 34808151 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant-soil interactions affect arsenic and nutrient availability in arsenic-contaminated soils, with implications for arsenic uptake and tolerance in plants, and leaching from soil. In 22-week column experiments, we grew the arsenic hyperaccumulating fern Pteris vittata in a coarse- and a medium-textured soil to determine the effects of phosphorus fertilization and mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on P. vittata arsenic uptake and arsenic leaching. We investigated soil arsenic speciation using synchrotron-based spectromicroscopy. Greater soil arsenic availability and lower nutrient content in the coarse-textured soil were associated with greater fern arsenic uptake, lower biomass (apparently a metabolic cost of tolerance), and arsenic leaching from soil, due to lower transpiration. P. vittata hyperaccumulated arsenic from coarse- but not medium-textured soil. Mass of plant-accumulated arsenic was 1.2 to 2.4 times greater, but aboveground biomass was 74% smaller, in ferns growing in coarse-textured soil. In the presence of ferns, mean arsenic loss by leaching was 195% greater from coarse- compared to the medium-textured soil, and lower across both soils compared to the absence of ferns. In the medium-textured soil arsenic concentrations in leachate were higher in the presence of ferns. Fern arsenic uptake was always greater than loss by leaching. Most arsenic (>66%) accumulated in P. vittata appeared of rhizosphere origin. In the medium-textured soil with more clay and higher nutrient content, successful iron scavenging increased arsenic release from soil for leaching, but transpiration curtailed leaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Matzen
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California-Berkeley, 130 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - G P Lobo
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California-Berkeley, 410 O'Brien Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - S C Fakra
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - A Kakouridis
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California-Berkeley, 130 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - P S Nico
- Earth and Environmental Sciences Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - C E Pallud
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California-Berkeley, 130 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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Tariq A, Sardans J, Peñuelas J, Zhang Z, Graciano C, Zeng F, Olatunji OA, Ullah A, Pan K. Intercropping of Leguminous and Non-Leguminous Desert Plant Species Does Not Facilitate Phosphorus Mineralization and Plant Nutrition. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060998. [PMID: 35326448 PMCID: PMC8946938 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
More efficient use of soil resources, such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), can improve plant community resistance and resilience against drought in arid and semi-arid lands. Intercropping of legume and non-legumes can be an effective practice for enhancing P mineralization uptake, and plant nutrient status. However, it remains unclear how intercropping systems using desert plant species impact soil-plant P fractions and how they affect N and water uptake capacity. Alhagi sparsifolia (a legume) and Karelinia caspia (a non-legume) are dominant plant species in the Taklamakan Desert in Xinjiang Province, China. However, there is a lack of knowledge of whether these species, when intercropped, can trigger synergistic processes and mechanisms that drive more efficient use of soil resources. Thus, in a field experiment over two years, we investigated the impact of monoculture and intercropping of these plant species on soil-plant P fractions and soil-plant nutrients. Both plant species’ foliar nutrient (N, P, and K) concentrations were higher under monoculture than intercropping (except K in K. caspia). Nucleic acid P was higher in the monoculture plots of A. sparsifolia, consistent with higher soil labile P, while metabolic P was higher in monoculture K. caspia, associated with higher soil moderately labile Pi. However, both species had a higher residual P percentage in the intercropping system. Soils from monoculture and intercropped plots contained similar microbial biomass carbon (MBC), but lower microbial biomass N:microbial biomass phosphorus (MBN:MBP) ratio associated with reduced N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) activity in the intercropped soils. This, together with the high MBC:MBN ratio in intercropping and the lack of apparent general effects of intercropping on MBC:MBP, strongly suggest that intercropping improved microbe N- but not P-use efficiency. Interestingly, while EC and SWC were higher in the soil of the K. caspia monoculture plots, EC was significantly lower in the intercropped plots. Plants obtained better foliar nutrition and soil P mineralization in monocultures than in intercropping systems. The possible positive implications of intercropping for reducing soil salinization and improving soil water uptake and microbial N-use efficiency could have advantages in the long term and its utilization should be explored further in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Tariq
- Xinjiang Key Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration Laboratory, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (Z.Z.); (A.U.)
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
- Correspondence: (A.T.); (F.Z.)
| | - Jordi Sardans
- Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; (J.S.); (J.P.)
- Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals (CREAF), 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; (J.S.); (J.P.)
- Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals (CREAF), 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration Laboratory, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (Z.Z.); (A.U.)
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
| | - Corina Graciano
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata B1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina;
| | - Fanjiang Zeng
- Xinjiang Key Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration Laboratory, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (Z.Z.); (A.U.)
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
- Correspondence: (A.T.); (F.Z.)
| | - Olusanya Abiodun Olatunji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (O.A.O.); (K.P.)
| | - Abd Ullah
- Xinjiang Key Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration Laboratory, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (Z.Z.); (A.U.)
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Kaiwen Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (O.A.O.); (K.P.)
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Rudinskienė A, Marcinkevičienė A, Velička R, Kosteckas R, Kriaučiūnienė Z, Vaisvalavičius R. The Comparison of Soil Agrochemical and Biological Properties in the Multi-Cropping Farming Systems. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11060774. [PMID: 35336656 PMCID: PMC8954686 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Multi-cropping systems play an important role in improving the quality of soil properties. A field experiment was carried at the Experimental Station of Vytautas Magnus University Agriculture Academy (Lithuania) in 2017 to 2019. The aim of the study was to compare agrophysical and biological properties of the soil in the multi-cropping systems of sole (spring barley, spring wheat, pea, caraway), binary (spring barley–caraway, spring wheat–caraway, pea–caraway) and trinary (spring barley–caraway–white clover, spring wheat–caraway–white clover, pea–caraway–white clover) crops. In the second and the third years of caraway cultivation, when solely caraway was grown, the total nitrogen content was significantly lower than in binary and trinary crops (8.5% and 17.4%, respectively). The results indicated that the highest organic carbon content was in the third year of caraway cultivation in trinary crop when caraway was grown with peas and white clover. In the third year, the highest saccharase and urease activity was found in trinary crop where caraway was grown with spring barley and white clover. A strong positive correlation was observed between the content of saccharase and urease and the total nitrogen, organic carbon, and potassium available in the soil. The results of the study suggest that multi-cropping is important for soil conservation and the sustainability of agro-ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aušra Rudinskienė
- Department of Agroecosystems and Soil Sciences, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaičio Str. 58, LT-44248 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.R.); (R.V.); (Z.K.); (R.V.)
| | - Aušra Marcinkevičienė
- Department of Agroecosystems and Soil Sciences, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaičio Str. 58, LT-44248 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.R.); (R.V.); (Z.K.); (R.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-615-33187
| | - Rimantas Velička
- Department of Agroecosystems and Soil Sciences, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaičio Str. 58, LT-44248 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.R.); (R.V.); (Z.K.); (R.V.)
| | - Robertas Kosteckas
- Department of Plant Biology and Food Science, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaičio Str. 58, LT-44248 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Zita Kriaučiūnienė
- Department of Agroecosystems and Soil Sciences, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaičio Str. 58, LT-44248 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.R.); (R.V.); (Z.K.); (R.V.)
| | - Rimantas Vaisvalavičius
- Department of Agroecosystems and Soil Sciences, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaičio Str. 58, LT-44248 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.R.); (R.V.); (Z.K.); (R.V.)
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Guo L, Zhao L, Ye J, Ji Z, Tang JJ, Bai K, Zheng S, Hu L, Chen X. Using aquatic animals as partners to increase yield and maintain soil nitrogen in the paddy ecosystems. eLife 2022; 11:73869. [PMID: 35190027 PMCID: PMC8863371 DOI: 10.7554/elife.73869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether species coculture can overcome the shortcomings of crop monoculture requires additional study. Here, we show how aquatic animals (i.e. carp, crabs, and softshell turtles) benefit paddy ecosystems when cocultured with rice. Three separate field experiments and three separate mesocosm experiments were conducted. Each experiment included a rice monoculture (RM) treatment and a rice-aquatic animal (RA) coculture treatment; RA included feed addition for aquatic animals. In the field experiments, rice yield was higher with RA than with RM, and RA also produced aquatic animal yields that averaged 0.52–2.57 t ha-1. Compared to their corresponding RMs, the three RAs had significantly higher apparent nitrogen (N)-use efficiency and lower weed infestation, while soil N contents were stable over time. Dietary reconstruction analysis based on 13C and 15N showed that 16.0–50.2% of aquatic animal foods were from naturally occurring organisms in the rice fields. Stable-isotope-labeling (13C) in the field experiments indicated that the organic matter decomposition rate was greater with RA than with RM. Isotope 15N labeling in the mesocosm experiments indicated that rice used 13.0–35.1% of the aquatic animal feed-N. All these results suggest that rice-aquatic animal coculture increases food production, increases N-use efficiency, and maintains soil N content by reducing weeds and promoting decomposition and complementary N use. Our study supports the view that adding species to monocultures may enhance agroecosystem functions. Monoculture, where only one type of crop is grown to the exclusion of any other organism, is a pillar of modern agriculture. Yet this narrow focus disregards how complex inter-species interactions can increase crop yield and biodiversity while decreasing the need for fertilizers or pesticides. For example, many farmers across Asia introduce carps, crabs, turtles or other freshwater grazers into their rice paddies. This coculture approach yields promising results but remains poorly understood. In particular, it is unclear how these animals’ behaviours and biological processes benefit the ecosystem. To examine these questions, Guo, Zhao et al. conducted three separate four-year field experiments; they compared rice plots inhabited by either carp, mitten crabs or Chinese softshell turtles with fields where these organisms were not present. With animals, the rice paddies had less weeds, better crop yields and steady levels of nitrogen (a natural fertiliser) in their soil. These ecosystems could breakdown organic matter faster, use it better and had a reduced need for added fertilizer. While animal feed was provided in the areas that were studied, carp, crabs and turtles obtained up to half their food from the field itself, eating weeds, algae and pests and therefore reducing competition for the crops. This work helps to understand the importance of species interactions, showing that diversifying monocultures may boost yields and make agriculture more sustainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lufeng Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junlong Ye
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zijun Ji
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Jun Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Keyu Bai
- Bioversity International, Maccarese, Italy
| | - Sijun Zheng
- Bioversity International, Maccarese, Italy.,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Liangliang Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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42
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Wen Z, White PJ, Shen J, Lambers H. Linking root exudation to belowground economic traits for resource acquisition. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:1620-1635. [PMID: 34761404 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The concept of a root economics space (RES) is increasingly adopted to explore root trait variation and belowground resource-acquisition strategies. Much progress has been made on interactions of root morphology and mycorrhizal symbioses. However, root exudation, with a significant carbon (C) cost (c. 5-21% of total photosynthetically fixed C) to enhance resource acquisition, remains a missing link in this RES. Here, we argue that incorporating root exudation into the structure of RES is key to a holistic understanding of soil nutrient acquisition. We highlight the different functional roles of root exudates in soil phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) acquisition. Thereafter, we synthesize emerging evidence that illustrates how root exudation interacts with root morphology and mycorrhizal symbioses at the level of species and individual plant and argue contrasting patterns in species evolved in P-impoverished vs N-limited environments. Finally, we propose a new conceptual framework, integrating three groups of root functional traits to better capture the complexity of belowground resource-acquisition strategies. Such a deeper understanding of the integrated and dynamic interactions of root morphology, root exudation, and mycorrhizal symbioses will provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying species coexistence and how to explore belowground interactions for sustainable managed systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Wen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Philip J White
- Ecological Science Group, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Jianbo Shen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Hans Lambers
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
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Gao H, Tian G, Khashi U Rahman M, Wu F. Cover Crop Species Composition Alters the Soil Bacterial Community in a Continuous Pepper Cropping System. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:789034. [PMID: 35046916 PMCID: PMC8762165 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.789034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cover crops can improve soil biological health and alter the composition of soil microbial communities in agricultural systems. However, the effects of diversified cover crops on soil microbial communities in continuous cropping systems are unclear. Here, using different soil biochemical analysis, quantitative PCR and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, we investigated the effects of cover crops, alone or in mixture, on soil physicochemical properties in 2019 and 2020, and soil bacterial communities in 2020 in a continuous pepper cropping system. A field trial was established before pepper planting and eight treatments were included: fallow (no cover crop; CK); three sole cover crop treatments: wheat (Triticum aestivum L.; W), faba bean (Vicia faba L.; B), and wild rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia; R); and four mixed treatments: wheat + wild rocket (WR), wheat + faba bean (WB), wild rocket + faba bean (RB), and wheat + wild rocket + faba bean (WRB). The pepper yield was increased in the WR and WB in 2019 and 2020, and in the WRB in 2020. Cover crops increased the soil pH, but decreased the concentrations of NH4+ and available phosphorus. Bacterial abundance was increased by cover crop treatments, and community structure was altered in the W, WB, and WRB treatments. Moreover, we found that pH was the key factor associated with the changes in the abundance and structure of the bacterial community. Cover crop treatments altered the bacterial community structure with shifts in the dominant genera, which have plant-growth-promoting and/or pathogen-antagonistic potentials, e.g., increased the abundances of Streptomyces, Arthrobacter, and Bacillus spp. in the W and WRB, and Gaiella spp. in the WB. Overall, we found that cover crops altered the soil physicochemical properties and bacterial community, and these changes varied with species composition of the cover crops, with wheat and its combination with legumes as most effective treatments. These results suggest that the diversification within cover crops could provide better crop yield stimulatory affects by altering soil biochemical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Gao
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Gangming Tian
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Muhammad Khashi U Rahman
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Fengzhi Wu
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Moore VM, Schlautman B, Fei SZ, Roberts LM, Wolfe M, Ryan MR, Wells S, Lorenz AJ. Plant Breeding for Intercropping in Temperate Field Crop Systems: A Review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:843065. [PMID: 35432391 PMCID: PMC9009171 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.843065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Monoculture cropping systems currently dominate temperate agroecosystems. However, intercropping can provide valuable benefits, including greater yield stability, increased total productivity, and resilience in the face of pest and disease outbreaks. Plant breeding efforts in temperate field crops are largely focused on monoculture production, but as intercropping becomes more widespread, there is a need for cultivars adapted to these cropping systems. Cultivar development for intercropping systems requires a systems approach, from the decision to breed for intercropping systems through the final stages of variety testing and release. Design of a breeding scheme should include information about species variation for performance in intercropping, presence of genotype × management interaction, observation of key traits conferring success in intercropping systems, and the specificity of intercropping performance. Together this information can help to identify an optimal selection scheme. Agronomic and ecological knowledge are critical in the design of selection schemes in cropping systems with greater complexity, and interaction with other researchers and key stakeholders inform breeding decisions throughout the process. This review explores the above considerations through three case studies: (1) forage mixtures, (2) perennial groundcover systems (PGC), and (3) soybean-pennycress intercropping. We provide an overview of each cropping system, identify relevant considerations for plant breeding efforts, describe previous breeding focused on the cropping system, examine the extent to which proposed theoretical approaches have been implemented in breeding programs, and identify areas for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia M. Moore
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Virginia M. Moore,
| | | | - Shui-zhang Fei
- Department of Horticulture, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Lucas M. Roberts
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Marnin Wolfe
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
- Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Matthew R. Ryan
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Samantha Wells
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Aaron J. Lorenz
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
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Chen P, He W, Shen Y, Zhu L, Yao X, Sun R, Dai C, Sun B, Chen Y. Interspecific Neighbor Stimulates Peanut Growth Through Modulating Root Endophytic Microbial Community Construction. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:830666. [PMID: 35310651 PMCID: PMC8928431 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.830666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved the capability to respond to interspecific neighbors by changing morphological performance and reshaping belowground microbiota. However, whether neighboring plants influence the microbial colonization of the host's root and further affect host performance is less understood. In this study, using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) roots from over 5 years of mono- and intercropping field systems, we found that neighbor maize can alter the peanut root microbial composition and re-shape microbial community assembly. Interspecific maize coexistence increased the colonization of genera Bradyrhizobium and Streptomyces in intercropped peanut roots. Through endophytic bacterial isolation and isolate back inoculation experiments, we demonstrated that the functional potentials of available nutrient accumulation and phytohormones production from Bradyrhizobium and Streptomyces endowed them with the ability to act as keystones in the microbial network to benefit peanut growth and production with neighbor competition. Our results support the idea that plants establish a plant-endophytic microbial holobiont through root selective filtration to enhance host competitive dominance, and provide a promising direction to develop modern diversified planting for harnessing crop microbiomes for the promotion of crop growth and productivity in sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei He
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingyue Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangzhi Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruibo Sun
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Chuanchao Dai
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Chen,
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Singh D, Mathimaran N, Sekar J, Ramalingam PV, Perisamy Y, Raju K, Raj R, King IO, Nanjundegowda TM, Narayanswamy MB, Chikkegowda BN, Siddegowda SM, Bagyaraj DJ, Mäder P, Boller T, Kahmen A. Spatial Arrangement and Biofertilizers Enhance the Performance of Legume—Millet Intercropping System in Rainfed Areas of Southern India. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.711284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intercropping is a well-established practice to enhance the yield in low-input agriculture, and beneficial microbes such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) combined with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria are being used as an effective and sustainable measure to improve yields. In this study, we tested if biofertilizers can not only enhance the yield of crops in monoculture as has previously been demonstrated but can also enhance the yield of intercropping systems. We hypothesized that because AMF can form common mycorrhizal networks (CMN) that can transfer nutrients and water between different plant species, biofertilization can balance belowground competition between crop species and promote thus overall yields in intercropping systems. In our study, we used a pigeon pea (PP)—finger millet (FM) intercropping system that we grew for two consecutive growing seasons (2016/17 and 2017/18) at two contrasting sites in Bengaluru and Kolli Hills, India. We also tested if the spatial arrangement (i.e., different arrangement of component plants with similar plant density in intercropping system) of intercropped plants, using either a row-wise or a mosaic design, influences the effect of biofertilizers on yield and water relations of the PP-FM intercropping system. Our results demonstrate that intercropping can improve the straw and grain yield of PP and FM compared to the respective monocultures and that intercropping effects vary depending on the site characteristic such as climate and soil type. The spatial arrangement of component plants affected the total, straw, and grain biomass in intercropping treatments, but this effect also varied across sites. Most importantly, the results from the 2017/18 growing season clearly demonstrated a positive effect of biofertilizer on biomass yield, and this effect was irrespective of site, spatial arrangement, mixed or monoculture. Our study therefore shows that yield increase in intercropping systems can further be improved through the application of biofertilizers.
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Yu RP, Lambers H, Callaway RM, Wright AJ, Li L. Belowground facilitation and trait matching: two or three to tango? TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:1227-1235. [PMID: 34400074 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
High biodiversity increases ecosystem functions; however, belowground facilitation remains poorly understood in this context. Here, we explore mechanisms that operate via 'giving-receiving feedbacks' for belowground facilitation. These include direct effects via root exudates, signals, and root trait plasticity, and indirect biotic facilitation via the effects of root exudates on soil biota and feedback from biota to plants. We then highlight that these two- or three-way mechanisms must affect biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships via specific combinations of matching traits. To tango requires a powerful affinity and harmony between well-matched partners, and such matches link belowground facilitation to the effect of biodiversity on function. Such matching underpins applications in intercropping, forestry, and pasture systems, in which diversity contributes to greater productivity and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Peng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Ragan M Callaway
- Division of Biological Sciences and Institute on Ecosystems, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Alexandra J Wright
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University Los Angeles, 5151 State University Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Long Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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Liu B, Han F, Xing K, Zhang A, Rengel Z. The Response of Plants and Mycorrhizal Fungi to Nutritionally-Heterogeneous Environments Are Regulated by Nutrient Types and Plant Functional Groups. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:734641. [PMID: 34868118 PMCID: PMC8634332 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.734641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient type and plant functional group are both important in influencing proliferation of roots or hyphae and their benefit to plant growth in nutritionally heterogeneous environments. However, the studies quantifying relative importance of roots vs. hyphae affecting the plant response to nutrient heterogeneity are lacking. Here, we used meta-analysis based on 879 observations from 66 published studies to evaluate response patterns of seven variables related to growth and morphological traits of plants and mycorrhizal fungi in nutritionally heterogeneous environments. We found that phosphorus [P] and organic fertilizer [OF] supply significantly increased shoot (+18.1 and +25.9%, respectively) and root biomass (+31.1 and +23.0%, respectively) and root foraging precision (+11.8 and +20.4%, respectively). However, there was no significant difference among functional groups of herbs (grasses, forbs, and legumes), between herbs and woody species, and between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) tree species in the shoot, root and mycorrhizal fungi responses to nutrient heterogeneity, except for root biomass and root foraging precision among grasses, forbs, and legumes, and mycorrhizal hyphal foraging precision between AM and ECM tree species. Root diameter was uncorrelated with neither root foraging precision nor mycorrhizal hyphal foraging precision, regardless of mycorrhizal type or nutrient type. These results suggest that plant growth and foraging strategies are mainly influenced by nutrient type, among other factors including plant functional type and mycorrhizal type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bitao Liu
- College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Fei Han
- College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Kaixiong Xing
- Center for Forest Ecosystem Studies and Qianyanzhou Ecological Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Aiping Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zed Rengel
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Split, Croatia
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Liu H, Wu Y, Xu H, Ai Z, Zhang J, Liu G, Xue S. N enrichment affects the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-mediated relationship between a C4 grass and a legume. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:1519-1533. [PMID: 34618052 PMCID: PMC8566264 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) regulate soil nutrient cycling, directly supplying a host plant with nitrogen (N). AMF can also affect the outcome of interspecific interactions, but a mechanistic understanding of how soil N availability affects AMF-mediated interspecific relationships is currently lacking. We selected one dominant (Bothriochloa ischaemum; C4 grass) and one subordinate (Lespedeza davurica; legume) species in a natural grassland climax community to investigate the mechanism by which AMF influence interspecific interaction (mixed and monoculture) under three levels of N addition (0, low, and high N addition). Under the non-N addition treatment, AMF preferentially supplied N to the roots of B. ischaemum at the expense of N uptake by L. davurica, resulting in inhibited AMF benefits for L. davurica shoot growth. Under the low N addition treatment, interspecific interaction via AMF promoted L. davurica growth. Compared to the non-N addition treatment, N addition largely mitigated the effects, both positive (for B. ischaemum) and negative (for L. davurica), of AMF-mediated interspecific interaction on plant N uptake via AMF. When soil N availability severely limited plant growth, preferential N supply to the C4 grass by AMF was important for maintaining the abundance of the dominant species. When the N limitation for plant growth was alleviated by N addition, the interaction between AMF and soil microorganisms improved nutrient availability for the legume by stimulating activity of the enzyme responsible for soil organic matter mineralization, which is important for maintaining the abundance of the subordinate species. These data could influence strategies for maintaining biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Department of Agroecology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
- Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry Water Resources, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry Water Resources, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hongwei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry Water Resources, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zemin Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry Water Resources, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jiaoyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry Water Resources, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Guobin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry Water Resources, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Sha Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry Water Resources, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Yangling 712100, China
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Xiang H, Lan N, Wang F, Zhao B, Wei H, Zhang J. Reduced pests, improved grain quality and greater total income: benefits of intercropping rice with Pontederia cordata. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:5907-5917. [PMID: 33813747 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intercropping, which is growing two or more different crops in the same field simultaneously, is an effective traditional agricultural practice for productivity, resource utilization, and pest control. However, study on intercropping in paddy fields is limited. So in this study, field experiments of 2 years/four seasons (early and late seasons in 2016 and 2017) were conducted to examine the effects of rice-Pontederia cordata intercropping on rice plant growth, pest control, yield, income, and grain quality. RESULTS We found rice-P. cordata intercropping significantly decreased the occurrence of rice diseases and pests, with a 22.0-45.9% reduction in sheath blight and a 33.8-34.4% reduction in leaf folders. The mean land equivalent ratio (LER) (1.09) result indicates that intercropping rice and P. cordata generated positive yield effects. In addition, due to the economic profit from the replacement stripe of P. cordata in the rice paddy field, intercropping rice with P. cordata could greatly enhance farmer income. The average total income of rice intercropped with P. cordata was 2.5-fold higher than that of rice monoculture. Furthermore, intercropping significantly improved grain quality compared with the rice monoculture. It significantly increased the milled rice rate and whole milled rice rate by 11.2% and 12.8%, respectively, but decreased the chalky rice rate by 30.9-39.8% and chalkiness degree by 32.2%. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that rice-P. cordata intercropping provides an environmentally effective way to control rice diseases and pests, results in higher overall productivity and total income, and improves grain quality. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agroecology and Rural Environment of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ni Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Fugang Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Benliang Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agroecology and Rural Environment of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agroecology and Rural Environment of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jiaen Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agroecology and Rural Environment of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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