1
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Buszewski B, Błońska D, Kłodzińska E, Konop M, Kubesová A, Šalplachta J. Determination of Pathogens by Electrophoretic and Spectrometric Techniques. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-24. [PMID: 37326587 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2219748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In modern medical diagnostics, where analytical chemistry plays a key role, fast and accurate identification of pathogens is becoming increasingly important. Infectious diseases pose a growing threat to public health due to population growth, international air travel, bacterial resistance to antibiotics, and other factors. For instance, the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in patient samples is a key tool to monitor the spread of the disease. While there are several techniques for identifying pathogens by their genetic code, most of these methods are too expensive or slow to effectively analyze clinical and environmental samples that may contain hundreds or even thousands of different microbes. Standard approaches (e.g., culture media and biochemical assays) are known to be very time- and labor-intensive. The purpose of this review paper is to highlight the problems associated with the analysis and identification of pathogens that cause many serious infections. Special attention was paid to the description of mechanisms and the explanation of the phenomena and processes occurring on the surface of pathogens as biocolloids (charge distribution). This review also highlights the importance of electromigration techniques and demonstrates their potential for pathogen pre-separation and fractionation and demonstrates the use of spectrometric methods, such as MALDI-TOF MS, for their detection and identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogusław Buszewski
- Prof. Jan Czochralski Kuyavian-Pomeranian Research & Development Centre, Torun, Poland
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Torun, Poland
| | - Dominika Błońska
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Torun, Poland
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Torun, Poland
| | - Ewa Kłodzińska
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Konop
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kubesová
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Šalplachta
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, Brno, Czech Republic
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2
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Nakayama K, Li X, Shimizu K, Akamatsu S, Inoue T, Kobayashi T, Ogawa O, Goto T. qShot MALDI analysis: A rapid, simple, convenient, and reliable quantitative phospholipidomics approach using MALDI-TOF/MS. Talanta 2023; 254:124099. [PMID: 36502612 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.124099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI/MS) has potential applications in the qualitative analysis of phospholipids (PLs). However, its capability for quantitative analysis is limited by the unavailability and/or high cost of isotope-labeled internal standards (interSTDs, e.g., 1-oleoyl (d7)-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 1-pentadecanoyl-2-oleoyl (d7)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine). This study investigated and validated whether only two PL interSTDs could be used to normalize the entire PL species in a complex bio-lipid background (i.e., urinary lipid extracts). The normalized intensities of PL ionization standards (ionSTDs) were found to have better linear regressions (R2 > 0.984 for all PL subcategories) than those of traditional methods, such as total ion current and matrix-peak normalization methods. Furthermore, the intra-day precision of all the analyte concentrations after normalizing using our ionSTD method was superior to those of traditional methods. The inter-day precision of all the negatively charged analytes also differed statistically between our ionSTD and the two traditional methods. Meanwhile, a comparison of the three normalization methods revealed that the precision of all the positive analytes using the ionSTD method was comparable. Consequently, a cost-effective, fast, simple, convenient, and reliable quantitative method, defined as "qShot MALDI analysis," was developed to analyze PLs that could potentially be applied in clinical biomarker screening, especially in a negative mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Nakayama
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koji Shimizu
- Clinical Research Center for Medical Equipment Development, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shusuke Akamatsu
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Inoue
- Department of Nephro-Urologic Surgery and Andrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Takashi Kobayashi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Osamu Ogawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takayuki Goto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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3
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Naito Y. Quantitative analysis capability of DIUTHAME mass spectrometry verified by acetylcholinesterase enzyme-catalyzed reaction assays. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2022; 57:e4895. [PMID: 36426802 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is advantageous for mass spectrometry applications where throughput is important. However, quantitative analysis is essentially problematic for MALDI-MS whose results depend on the intrinsically stochastic microcrystalline state of the matrix. High-throughput screening (HTS) of drug candidates is a typical example that requires high throughput. The application of MALDI-MS to HTS, which is quantitative analysis, imposes restrictions on designing an experimental system. Surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization (SALDI) methods, which do not depend on matrix crystal formation, are expected to be applied to quantitative analyses such as HTS. A recently developed one type of SALDI methods, desorption ionization using through hole alumina membrane (DIUTHAME), possesses a distinct feature that the surface microstructure effective for ionization is formed by through holes. In this study, the quantitative analysis capability of DIUTHAME was verified by applying DIUTHAME to enzyme-catalyzed reaction measurements, which are also used for HTS. Quantitative DIUTHAME-MS was conducted on various conditions of acetylcholinesterase-catalyzed reaction solutions containing cow milk as a substitute of biological media. Even for the enzyme-catalyzed reaction solutions containing complex additives that make the quantitative analysis extremely difficult, DIUTHAME based on the through hole structure enables quantitative measurements of the analytes by applying the reaction solutions to the back side of the laser exposed surface. In comparison with those obtained by MALDI-MS, the results obtained by DIUTHAME-MS showed less variability of data and delivered a better linearity of the Lineweaver-Burk plots and a more reasonable value of the Michaelis constant. Accordingly, it was demonstrated that DIUTHAME-MS possesses the quantitative analysis capability much better than that of MALDI-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhide Naito
- The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, Shizuoka, Japan
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4
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Krutilin A, Epp SW, Alejo GML, Busse F, Gitaric D, Schikora H, Schwoerer H, Tellkamp F. Peptide Mass Spectra from Micrometer-Thick Ice Films Produced with Femtosecond Pulses. Anal Chem 2022; 94:13359-13367. [PMID: 36153751 PMCID: PMC9535622 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We present a cryogenic
mass spectrometry protocol with the capability
to detect peptides in the attomole dilution range from ice films.
Our approach employs femtosecond laser pulses and implements neither
substrate modification nor proton donor agents in the aqueous solution,
known to facilitate analyte detection in mass spectrometry. In a systematic
study, we investigated the impact of temperature, substrate composition,
and irradiation wavelength (513 and 1026 nm) on the bradykinin signal
onset. Our findings show that substrate choice and irradiation wavelength
have a minor impact on signal intensity once the preparation protocol
is optimized. However, if the temperature is increased from −140
to 0 °C, which is accompanied by ice film thinning, a somehow
complex picture of analyte desorption and ionization is recognizable,
which has not been described in the literature yet. Under cryogenic
conditions (−140 °C), obtaining a signal is only possible
from isolated sweet spots across the film. If the thin ice film is
between −100 and −70 °C of temperature, these sweet
spots appear more frequently. Ice sublimation triggered by temperatures
above −70 °C leads to an intense and robust signal onset
that could be maintained for several hours. In addition to the above
findings, we notice that a vibrant fragmentation pattern produced
is strikingly similar with both wavelengths. Our findings suggest
that while following an optimized protocol, femtosecond mass spectrometry
has excellent potential to analyze small organic molecules and peptides
with a mass range of up to 2.5 kDa in aqueous solution without any
matrix, as employed in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization
(MALDI) or any substrate surface modification, found in surface-assisted
laser desorption/ionization (SALDI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Krutilin
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Sascha W Epp
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Glaynel M L Alejo
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Frederik Busse
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Djordje Gitaric
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Hendrik Schikora
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Heinrich Schwoerer
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Friedjof Tellkamp
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
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5
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Yu RJ, Hu YX, Chen KL, Gu Z, Ying YL, Long YT. Confined Nanopipet as a Versatile Tool for Precise Single Cell Manipulation. Anal Chem 2022; 94:12948-12953. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Jia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Xu Hu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke-Le Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Gu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Lun Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Tao Long
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
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6
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Zhao H, Zhao H, Wang J, Liu Y, Li Y, Zhang R. The local electric field effect of onion-like carbon nanoparticles for improved laser desorption/ionization efficiency of saccharides. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 211:112321. [PMID: 35032850 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
It is still a challenge to improve ionization efficiency of saccharides in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Herein, the highly curved onion-like carbon nanoparticles (OCS) were synthesized from the low-price candle raw via a facile strategy. The unique nanostructure of OCS showed large surface area with plentiful mesoporous architecture, highly curved sp2 carbon with regulating electronic effect, and good hydrophilicity, which could be beneficial to facilitate the desorption and ionization efficiency in MS process. The prepared OCS material as MALDI matrix exhibited the superior performance for the detection of xylose, glucose, maltose monohydrate, and raffinose pentahydrate in positive-ion mode with low background noise, enhanced ion intensities, uniform distribution, excellent reproducibility, good salt-tolerance, and high sensitivity compared to control candle soot (CS) and traditional α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) matrices. This highly effective LDI of OCS matrix was attributed to its enhancing local electric field effect, strong UV absorption ability, and high photo-thermal conversion performance. Furthermore, the OCS-assisted LDI MS approach was employed to quantitatively detect glucose in rat serum. This LDI MS platform may have valuable for the analysis of metabolites in clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Huayu Zhao
- The Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Jie Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials, Analytical Instrumentation Center & State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yulong Liu
- The Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Yanqiu Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials, Analytical Instrumentation Center & State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China.
| | - Ruiping Zhang
- The Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan 030032, China.
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7
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Ma W, Li J, Li X, Bai Y, Liu H. Nanostructured Substrates as Matrices for Surface Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry: A Progress Report from Material Research to Biomedical Applications. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2100762. [PMID: 34927930 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Within the past two decades, the escalation of research output in nanotechnology fields has boosted the development of novel nanoparticles and nanostructured substrates for use as matrices in surface assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS). The application of nanomaterials as matrices, rather than organic matrices, offers remarkable characteristics that allow the analysis of small molecules with fewer matrix interfering peaks, and share higher detection sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility. The technological advancement of SALDI-MS has in turn, propelled the application of the analytical technique in the field of biomedical analysis. In this review, the properties and fabrication methods of nanostructured substrates in SALDI-MS such as metallic-, carbon-, and silicon-based nanostructures, quantum dots, metal-organic frameworks, and covalent-organic frameworks are described. Additionally, the latest progress (most within 5 years) of biomedical applications in small molecule, large biomolecule, and MS imaging analysis including metabolite profiling, drug monitoring, bacteria identification, disease diagnosis, and therapeutic evaluation are demonstrated. Key parameters that govern nanomaterial's SALDI efficiency in biomolecule analysis are also discussed. Finally, perspectives of the future development are given to provide a better advancement and promote practical application in clinical MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xianjiang Li
- Division of Metrology in Chemistry, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Huwei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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8
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Gu H, Ma K, Zhao W, Qiu L, Xu W. A general purpose MALDI matrix for the analyses of small organic, peptide and protein molecules. Analyst 2021; 146:4080-4086. [PMID: 34052846 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00474c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) has been widely applied for the analysis of large biomolecules. The emergence of inorganic material substrates and new organic matrices extends the use of MALDI MS for small molecule analyses. However, there are usually preferred matrices for different types of analytes. Here, an organic compound, 4-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzonitrile, was found to be a general purpose matrix for the analyses of small organic, peptide and protein molecules. In particular, 4-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzonitrile has a strong UV absorption property, and it provides a clean background in the low mass range. Its analytical performances as a UV-laser matrix were demonstrated for different types of analytes, including organic drugs, peptides, proteins, mouse brain tissue and bacteria. Compared with commercial matrices, this new matrix has better performances when analyzing small molecules, such as drugs, peptides and lipids, while it has similar performances when analyzing proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Gu
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Kang Ma
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Weiqian Zhao
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lirong Qiu
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
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9
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Hasan MM, Eto F, Mamun MA, Sato S, Islam A, Waliullah ASM, Chi DH, Takahashi Y, Kahyo T, Naito Y, Kotani M, Ohmura T, Setou M. Desorption ionization using through-hole alumina membrane offers higher reproducibility than 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, a widely used matrix in Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry imaging analysis. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2021; 35:e9076. [PMID: 33651445 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE DIUTHAME (desorption ionization using through-hole alumina membrane), a recently developed matrix-free ionization-assisting substrate, was examined for reproducibility in terms of mass accuracy and intensity using standard lipid and mouse brain sections. The impregnation property of DIUTHAME significantly improved the reproducibility of mass accuracy and intensity compared with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB). METHODS Frozen tissue sections were mounted on indium tin oxide-coated glass slides. DIUTHAME and DHB were applied to individual sections. Subsequently, a solution of a phosphatidylcholine standard, PC(18:2/18:2), was poured onto the DIUTHAME and matrix. Finally, the samples were subjected to laser desorption ionization coupled with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. The reproducibility was tested by calculating the mean ± standard deviation values of mass errors and intensities of individual ion species. RESULTS Analysis of the PC(18:2/18:2) standard showed significantly (p < 0.01) lower mass error for DIUTHAME-MS than for MALDI-MS. Endogenous PC(36:4) analysis in mouse brain section also showed significantly (p < 0.05) lower mass errors for DIUTHAME-MS. Furthermore, we investigated the mass error of some abundant lipid ions in brain sections and observed similar results. DIUTHAME-MS displayed lower signal intensity in standard PC analysis. Interestingly, it offered higher signal intensities for all the endogenous lipid ions. Lower fluctuations of both mass accuracies and signal intensities were observed in DIUTHAME-MS. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that DIUTHAME-MS offers higher reproducibility for mass accuracies and intensities than MALDI-MS in both standard lipid and mouse brain tissue analyses. It can potentially be used instead of conventional MALDI-MS and mass spectrometry imaging analyses to achieve highly reproducible data for mass accuracy and intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mahmudul Hasan
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Eto
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Md Al Mamun
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Shumpei Sato
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Ariful Islam
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - A S M Waliullah
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Do Huu Chi
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yutaka Takahashi
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Kahyo
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Naito
- Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, 1955-1 Kurematsu-cho, Nishi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-1202, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kotani
- Hamamatsu Photonics KK, 314-5 Shimokanzo, Iwata, Shizuoka, 438-0193, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ohmura
- Hamamatsu Photonics KK, 314-5 Shimokanzo, Iwata, Shizuoka, 438-0193, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Setou
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
- International Mass Imaging Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
- Department of Systems Molecular Anatomy, Institute for Medical Photonics Research, Preeminent Medical Photonics Education & Research Center, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
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10
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Kim SW, Kwon S, Kim YK. Graphene Oxide Derivatives and Their Nanohybrid Structures for Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Small Molecules. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020288. [PMID: 33499396 PMCID: PMC7910985 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) has been considered as one of the most powerful analytical tools for mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of large molecular weight compounds such as proteins, nucleic acids, and synthetic polymers thanks to its high sensitivity, high resolution, and compatibility with high-throughput analysis. Despite these advantages, MALDI cannot be applied to MS analysis of small molecular weight compounds (<500 Da) because of the matrix interference in low mass region. Therefore, numerous efforts have been devoted to solving this issue by using metal, semiconductor, and carbon nanomaterials for MALDI time-of-flight MS (MALDI-TOF-MS) analysis instead of organic matrices. Among those nanomaterials, graphene oxide (GO) is of particular interest considering its unique and highly tunable chemical structures composed of the segregated sp2 carbon domains surrounded by sp3 carbon matrix. Chemical modification of GO can precisely tune its physicochemical properties, and it can be readily incorporated with other functional nanomaterials. In this review, the advances of GO derivatives and their nanohybrid structures as alternatives to organic matrices are summarized to demonstrate their potential and practical aspect for MALDI-TOF-MS analysis of small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Woo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Korea;
| | - Sunbum Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-W.K.); (Y.-K.K.); Tel.: +82-2-820-5201 (S.-W.K.); +82-2-2260-3214 (Y.-K.K.)
| | - Young-Kwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.-W.K.); (Y.-K.K.); Tel.: +82-2-820-5201 (S.-W.K.); +82-2-2260-3214 (Y.-K.K.)
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11
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Mahmud I, Garrett TJ. Mass Spectrometry Techniques in Emerging Pathogens Studies: COVID-19 Perspectives. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:2013-2024. [PMID: 32880453 PMCID: PMC7496948 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
As corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a rapidly growing public health crisis across the world, our knowledge of meaningful diagnostic tests and treatment for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) is still evolving. This novel coronavirus disease COVID-19 can be diagnosed using RT-PCR, but inadequate access to reagents, equipment, and a nonspecific target has slowed disease detection and management. Precision medicine, individualized patient care, requires suitable diagnostics approaches to tackle the challenging aspects of viral outbreaks where many tests are needed in a rapid and deployable approach. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based technologies such as proteomics, glycomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics have been applied in disease outbreaks for identification of infectious disease agents such as virus and bacteria and the molecular phenomena associated with pathogenesis. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) is widely used in clinical diagnostics in the United States and Europe for bacterial pathogen identification. Paper spray ionization mass spectrometry (PSI-MS), a rapid ambient MS technique, has recently open a new opportunity for future clinical investigation to diagnose pathogens. Ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS)-based metabolomics and lipidomics have been employed in large-scale biomedical research to discriminate infectious pathogens and uncover biomarkers associated with pathogenesis. PCR-MS has emerged as a new technology with the capability to directly identify known pathogens from the clinical specimens and the potential to identify genetic evidence of undiscovered pathogens. Moreover, miniaturized MS offers possible applications with relatively fast, highly sensitive, and potentially portable ways to analyze for viral compounds. However, beneficial aspects of these rapidly growing MS technologies in pandemics like COVID-19 outbreaks has been limited. Hence, this perspective gives a brief of the existing knowledge, current challenges, and opportunities for MS-based techniques as a promising avenue in studying emerging pathogen outbreaks such as COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqbal Mahmud
- Department of Pathology, Immunology,
and Laboratory Medicine, University of
Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
32610, United States
- Southeast Center for Integrated
Metabolomics (SECIM), Clinical and Translational Science Institute,
University of Florida, Gainesville,
Florida 32610, United States
- University of Florida Health,
University of Florida, Gainesville,
Florida 32610, United States
| | - Timothy J. Garrett
- Department of Pathology, Immunology,
and Laboratory Medicine, University of
Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
32610, United States
- Southeast Center for Integrated
Metabolomics (SECIM), Clinical and Translational Science Institute,
University of Florida, Gainesville,
Florida 32610, United States
- University of Florida Health,
University of Florida, Gainesville,
Florida 32610, United States
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12
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Naito Y, Kotani M, Ohmura T. Feasibility of Acetylcholinesterase Reaction Assay Monitoring in DIUTHAME-MS. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:2154-2160. [PMID: 32877611 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
DIUTHAME (desorption ionization using through hole alumina membrane) is a novel matrix-free laser desorption/ionization method that enables highly reproducible acquisition of mass spectra. This study aims to evaluate the applicability of DIUTHAME to the acetylcholinesterase reaction assay (AChE assay) commonly used in high-throughput screening (HTS) in the drug discovery process. The commercially available 9-ch DIUTHAME chip was applied to a series of AChE assays prepared with different reaction times. Numerous positive-mode TOF mass spectra were acquired from the raster-scanned sample spots of the AChE assays to analyze the progress of the enzyme reaction and to perform mass spectrometry imaging of the sample spots. The reaction kinetics plots obtained by DIUTHAME were found to reflect the time course of reaction progression as much as those obtained by MALDI and were found to have less error variation than MALDI. DIUTHAME allowed the already irradiated sample spots to be reused to reproduce the reaction kinetics plots by the second measurement conducted a week after, whereas MALDI was not able to properly reproduce the kinetics plots by remeasuring the irradiated sample spots. In DIUTHAME, which does not require a matrix, the experimental procedure for measuring AChE assay becomes extremely simple. DIUTHAME is potentially able to provide more precise AChE reaction kinetics plots than what have been accomplished by MALDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhide Naito
- The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, 1955-1 Kurematsu-cho, Nishi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-1202, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kotani
- Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., 314-5 Shimokanzo, Iwata, Shizuoka 438-0193, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ohmura
- Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., 314-5 Shimokanzo, Iwata, Shizuoka 438-0193, Japan
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13
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Wang XN, Tang W, Gordon A, Wang HY, Xu L, Li P, Li B. Porous TiO 2 Film Immobilized with Gold Nanoparticles for Dual-Polarity SALDI MS Detection and Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:42567-42575. [PMID: 32852188 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c12949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization (SALDI) mass spectrometry (MS) has become an attractive complementary approach to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) MS. SALDI MS has great potential for the detection of small molecules because of the absence of applied matrix. In this work, a functionalized porous TiO2 film immobilized with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs-FPTDF) was prepared to enhance SALDI MS performance. The porous TiO2 films were prepared by the facile sol-gel method and chemically functionalized for dense loading of AuNPs. The prepared AuNPs-FPTDF showed superior performance in the detection and imaging of small molecules in dual-polarity modes, with high detection sensitivity in the low pmol range, good repeatability, and low background noise compared to common organic MALDI matrixes. Its usage efficiently enhanced SALDI MS detection of various small molecules, such as amino acids and neurotransmitters, fatty acids, saccharides, alkaloids, and flavonoids, as compared with α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid, 9-aminoacridine, and the three precursor substrates of AuNPs-FPTDF. In addition, the blood glucose level in rats was successfully determined from a linearity concentration range of 0.5-9 mM, as well as other biomarkers in rat serum with SALDI MS. More importantly, the spatial distribution of metabolites from the intact flowers of the medicinal plant Catharanthus roseus was explored by using the AuNPs-FPTDF as an imprint SALDI MS substrate in dual-polarity modes. These results demonstrate wide applications and superior performances of the AuNPs-FPTDF as a multifunctional SALDI surface with enhanced detection sensitivity and imaging capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Na Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Weiwei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Andrew Gordon
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hui-Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Linru Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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14
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Iakab SA, Ràfols P, Tajes M, Correig-Blanchar X, García-Altares M. Gold Nanoparticle-Assisted Black Silicon Substrates for Mass Spectrometry Imaging Applications. ACS NANO 2020; 14:6785-6794. [PMID: 32463223 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) based on matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is widely used in proteomics. However, matrix-free technologies are gaining popularity for detecting low molecular mass compounds. Small molecules were analyzed with nanostructured materials as ionization promoters, which produce low-to-no background signal, and facilitate enhanced specificity and sensitivity through functionalization. We investigated the fabrication and the use of black silicon and gold-coated black silicon substrates for surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (SALDI-MSI) of animal tissues and human fingerprints. Black silicon was created using dry etching, while gold nanoparticles were deposited by sputtering. Both methods are safe for the user. Physicochemical characterization and MSI measurements revealed the optimal properties of the substrates for SALDI applications. The gold-coated black silicon worked considerably better than black silicon as the LDI-MSI substrate. The substrate was also compatible with imprinting, as a sample-simplification method that allows efficient transference of metabolites from the tissues to the substrate surface, without compound delocalization. Moreover, by modifying the surface with hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups, specific interactions were stimulated between surface and sample, leading to a selective analysis of molecules. Thus, our substrate facilitates targeted and/or untargeted in situ metabolomics studies for various fields such as clinical, environmental, forensics, and pharmaceutical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Alexandra Iakab
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona 43007, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Pere Ràfols
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona 43007, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Marta Tajes
- Group of Biomedical Research in Heart Diseases, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Xavier Correig-Blanchar
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona 43007, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacio Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona 43204, Spain
| | - María García-Altares
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona 43007, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, 28029, Spain
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Dapic I, Baljeu-Neuman L, Uwugiaren N, Kers J, Goodlett DR, Corthals GL. Proteome analysis of tissues by mass spectrometry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2019; 38:403-441. [PMID: 31390493 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Tissues and biofluids are important sources of information used for the detection of diseases and decisions on patient therapies. There are several accepted methods for preservation of tissues, among which the most popular are fresh-frozen and formalin-fixed paraffin embedded methods. Depending on the preservation method and the amount of sample available, various specific protocols are available for tissue processing for subsequent proteomic analysis. Protocols are tailored to answer various biological questions, and as such vary in lysis and digestion conditions, as well as duration. The existence of diverse tissue-sample protocols has led to confusion in how to choose the best protocol for a given tissue and made it difficult to compare results across sample types. Here, we summarize procedures used for tissue processing for subsequent bottom-up proteomic analysis. Furthermore, we compare protocols for their variations in the composition of lysis buffers, digestion procedures, and purification steps. For example, reports have shown that lysis buffer composition plays an important role in the profile of extracted proteins: the most common are tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, radioimmunoprecipitation assay, and ammonium bicarbonate buffers. Although, trypsin is the most commonly used enzyme for proteolysis, in some protocols it is supplemented with Lys-C and/or chymotrypsin, which will often lead to an increase in proteome coverage. Data show that the selection of the lysis procedure might need to be tissue-specific to produce distinct protocols for individual tissue types. Finally, selection of the procedures is also influenced by the amount of sample available, which range from biopsies or the size of a few dozen of mm2 obtained with laser capture microdissection to much larger amounts that weight several milligrams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Dapic
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Naomi Uwugiaren
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jesper Kers
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute (AI&II), Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
| | - David R Goodlett
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- University of Maryland, 20N. Pine Street, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Garry L Corthals
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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16
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Yang S, Mu L, Feng R, Kong X. Selection of Internal Standards for Quantitative Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometric Analysis Based on Correlation Coefficients. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:8249-8254. [PMID: 31459912 PMCID: PMC6648383 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) has shown its great success in the qualitative analysis of a wide range of organic and biological molecules. However, its application in quantitative analysis is still limited by the difficulty in the availability of isotope-labeled internal standards. The present work investigates the relationship between the correlation coefficient of the peak intensities of analyte and candidate internal standard ions and the linearity of possible quantitative analysis. Based on the two analyte examples, ciprofloxacin and substance P, the results show that the performance of the selected nonisotope-labeled internal standard is greatly related to the correlation coefficient. A high positive correlation coefficient (>0.7) between the ions of analyte and candidate standard can result in a good linearity (R 2 > 0.98) and vice versa. The results provide a new way to select nonisotope-labeled internal standards for MALDI analysis and thus can be potentially applied in the rapid quantitative mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumei Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collage of
Chemistry and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Lei Mu
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collage of
Chemistry and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Ruxia Feng
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collage of
Chemistry and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xianglei Kong
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collage of
Chemistry and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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17
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Korte AR, Morris NJ, Vertes A. High Throughput Complementary Analysis and Quantitation of Metabolites by MALDI- and Silicon Nanopost Array-Laser Desorption/Ionization-Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2019; 91:3951-3958. [PMID: 30786207 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Silicon nanopost array (NAPA) structures have been shown to be effective substrates for laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) and have been used to analyze a variety of samples including peptides, metabolites, drugs, explosives, and intact cells, as well as to image lipids and metabolites in tissue sections. However, no direct comparison has yet been conducted between NAPA-MS and the most commonly used LDI-MS technique, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-MS. In this work, we compare the utility of NAPA-MS to that of MALDI-MS using two common matrices for the analysis of metabolites in cellular extracts and human urine. Considerable complementarity of molecular coverage was observed between the two techniques. Of 178 total metabolites assigned from cellular extracts, 68 were uniquely detected by NAPA-MS and 62 were uniquely detected by MALDI-MS. NAPA-MS was found to provide enhanced coverage of low-molecular weight compounds such as amino acids, whereas MALDI afforded better detection of larger, labile compounds including nucleotides. In the case of urine, a sample largely devoid of higher-mass labile compounds, 88 compounds were uniquely detected by NAPA-MS and 13 by MALDI-MS. NAPA-MS also favored more extensive alkali metal cation adduction relative to MALDI-MS, with the [M + 2Na/K - H]+ species accounting for as much as 97% of the total metabolite ion signal in positive mode. The capability of NAPA-MS for targeted quantitation of endogenous metabolites in urine via addition of isotopically labeled standards was also examined. Both NAPA-MS and MALDI-MS provided quantitative results in good agreement with one another and the concentrations reported in the literature, as well as good sample-to-sample reproducibility (RSD < 10%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Korte
- Department of Chemistry , George Washington University , Washington , D.C. 20052 , United States
| | | | - Akos Vertes
- Department of Chemistry , George Washington University , Washington , D.C. 20052 , United States
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18
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Mandal A, Singha M, Addy PS, Basak A. Laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry: Recent progress in matrix-free and label-assisted techniques. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2019; 38:3-21. [PMID: 29029360 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The MALDI-based mass spectrometry, over the last three decades, has become an important analytical tool. It is a gentle ionization technique, usually applicable to detect and characterize analytes with high molecular weights like proteins and other macromolecules. The earlier difficulty of detection of analytes with low molecular weights like small organic molecules and metal ion complexes with this technique arose due to the cluster of peaks in the low molecular weight region generated from the matrix. To detect such molecules and metal ion complexes, a four-prong strategy has been developed. These include use of alternate matrix materials, employment of new surface materials that require no matrix, use of metabolites that directly absorb the laser light, and the laser-absorbing label-assisted LDI-MS (popularly known as LALDI-MS). This review will highlight the developments with all these strategies with a special emphasis on LALDI-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arundhoti Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Monisha Singha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | | | - Amit Basak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
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19
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Naito Y, Kotani M, Ohmura T. A novel laser desorption/ionization method using through hole porous alumina membranes. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2018; 32:1851-1858. [PMID: 30076645 PMCID: PMC6175246 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE A novel matrix-free laser desorption/ionization method based on porous alumina membranes was developed. The porous alumina membranes have a two-dimensional (2D) ordered structure consisting of closely aligned straight through holes of sub-micron in diameter that are amenable to mass production by industrial fabrication processes. METHODS Considering a balance between the ion generating efficiency and the mechanical strength of the membranes, the typical values for the hole diameter, open aperture ratio and membrane thickness were set to 200 nm, 50% and 5 μm, respectively. The membranes were coated with platinum on a single side that was exposed to the laser. Evaluation experiments were conducted on the feasibility of this membrane structure for an ionization method using a single peptide and mixed peptides and polyethylene glycol samples and a commercial matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight mass spectrometer in the positive ion mode. RESULTS Results showed a softness of ionization and no sweet spot nature. The capillary action of the through holes with very high aspect ratio enables several loading protocols including sample impregnation from the surface opposite to the laser exposure side. CONCLUSIONS The feasibility study indicates that the through hole porous alumina membranes have several advantages in terms of usefulness over the conventional surface-assisted laser desorption ionization (SALDI) methods. The proposed novel ionization method is termed Desorption Ionization Using Through Hole Alumina Membrane (DIUTHAME).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhide Naito
- The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries1955‐1 Kurematsu‐cho, Nishi‐kuHamamatsu431‐1202Japan
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20
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Tsao CW, Lin YJ, Chen PY, Yang YL, Tan SH. Nanoscale silicon surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: environment stability and activation by simple vacuum oven desiccation. Analyst 2018; 141:4973-81. [PMID: 27315049 DOI: 10.1039/c6an00659k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nanoscale silicon surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS) is an emerging matrix-free, highly sensitive MS analysis method. An important challenge in using nanoscale silicon SALDI-MS analysis is the aging and stability of silicon after storage in various environments. No proper nanoscale silicon SALDI-MS activation procedure has been reported to solve this issue. This study investigated the sensitivity, wettability, and surface oxidation behavior of nanoscale silicon surface SALDI-MS in a room, an inert gas atmosphere, and a vacuum environment. A simple vacuum oven desiccation was proposed to activate the SALDI-MS surface, and the limit of detection was further enhanced 1000 times to a 500 attomole level using this approach. The long-term stability and desorption/ionization mechanism were also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wen Tsao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Zhongda Rd., Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Yuan-Jing Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Zhongda Rd., Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Pi-Yu Chen
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Liang Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Say Hwa Tan
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, Australia
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Heinemann J, Deng K, Shih SCC, Gao J, Adams PD, Singh AK, Northen TR. On-chip integration of droplet microfluidics and nanostructure-initiator mass spectrometry for enzyme screening. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:323-331. [PMID: 27957569 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc01182a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Biological assays often require expensive reagents and tedious manipulations. These shortcomings can be overcome using digitally operated microfluidic devices that require reduced sample volumes to automate assays. One particular challenge is integrating bioassays with mass spectrometry based analysis. Towards this goal we have developed μNIMS, a highly sensitive and high throughput technique that integrates droplet microfluidics with nanostructure-initiator mass spectrometry (NIMS). Enzyme reactions are carried out in droplets that can be arrayed on discrete NIMS elements at defined time intervals for subsequent mass spectrometry analysis, enabling time resolved enzyme activity assay. We apply the μNIMS platform for kinetic characterization of a glycoside hydrolase enzyme (CelE-CMB3A), a chimeric enzyme capable of deconstructing plant hemicellulose into monosaccharides for subsequent conversion to biofuel. This study reveals NIMS nanostructures can be fabricated into arrays for microfluidic droplet deposition, NIMS is compatible with droplet and digital microfluidics, and can be used on-chip to assay glycoside hydrolase enzyme in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Heinemann
- Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, USA and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
| | - Kai Deng
- Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, USA and Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - Steve C C Shih
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jian Gao
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
| | - Paul D Adams
- Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, USA and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. and Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Anup K Singh
- Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, USA and Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - Trent R Northen
- Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, USA and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. and Joint Genome Institute, Walnut creek, California, 94598, USA
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22
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Bacterial analysis by laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry on amorphous silicon. Biointerphases 2016; 11:041008. [PMID: 28006919 DOI: 10.1116/1.4972416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid profiling in nine bacterial species has been accomplished by laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) using amorphous silicon (a-Si) thin film with 100 nm thickness. Lipid ions could be generated by LDI on a-Si regardless of ion acquisition modes because of a thermal property of a-Si to govern laser-induced surface heating. In a comparative study of lipid profiling in Bacillus lichemiformis by LDI-MS and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS), LDI-MS on a-Si shows a higher efficiency in lipid and lipopeptide detection than MALDI-MS. A total of 53 peaks of lipid ions generated by LDI on a-Si in both acquisition modes for m/z 400-1200 was 1.6 times more than that detected by MALDI-MS using three organic matrices-2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 1,5-diaminonaphthalene, and 2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone monohydrate. Also, the authors demonstrate by mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) that LDI-MS provides high detection coverage through whole sample area. MSI results show the detection yield in LDI on a-Si is 94.8% calculated by counting the number of points detected in the analyte ion signal in a whole spot. It means that reproducible detection of lipid ions by LDI-MS is possible even if laser is randomly irradiated at any position within the bacterial sample area applied on a-Si. Lipid profiling by LDI-MS on a-Si was applied to bacterial differentiation of nine bacterial species conducted by performing principal component analysis. Nine bacterial species are successfully distinguishable from each other by LDI-MS lipid profiling.
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Rzagalinski I, Volmer DA. Quantification of low molecular weight compounds by MALDI imaging mass spectrometry - A tutorial review. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2016; 1865:726-739. [PMID: 28012871 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) permits label-free in situ analysis of chemical compounds directly from the surface of two-dimensional biological tissue slices. It links qualitative molecular information of compounds to their spatial coordinates and distribution within the investigated tissue. MALDI-MSI can also provide the quantitative amounts of target compounds in the tissue, if proper calibration techniques are performed. Obviously, as the target molecules are embedded within the biological tissue environment and analysis must be performed at their precise locations, there is no possibility for extensive sample clean-up routines or chromatographic separations as usually performed with homogenized biological materials; ion suppression phenomena therefore become a critical side effect of MALDI-MSI. Absolute quantification by MALDI-MSI should provide an accurate value of the concentration/amount of the compound of interest in relatively small, well-defined region of interest of the examined tissue, ideally in a single pixel. This goal is extremely challenging and will not only depend on the technical possibilities and limitations of the MSI instrument hardware, but equally on the chosen calibration/standardization strategy. These strategies are the main focus of this article and are discussed and contrasted in detail in this tutorial review. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: MALDI Imaging, edited by Dr. Corinna Henkel and Prof. Peter Hoffmann.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacy Rzagalinski
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Dietrich A Volmer
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
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25
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Liu HL, Chang YJ, Fan T, Gu ZY. Two-dimensional metal–organic framework nanosheets as a matrix for laser desorption/ionization of small molecules and monitoring enzymatic reactions at high salt concentrations. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:12984-12987. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07371a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Stable 2-D metal–organic framework nanosheets as a MALDI matrix for small molecule analysis and monitoring enzymatic reactions at high salt concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Long Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- College of Life Sciences
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing
| | - Yu-Jie Chang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- College of Life Sciences
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing
| | - Ting Fan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- College of Life Sciences
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing
| | - Zhi-Yuan Gu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- College of Life Sciences
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing
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26
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Brown VL, He L. Current status and future prospects of mass spectrometry imaging of small molecules. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1203:1-7. [PMID: 25361661 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1357-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In the field of small-molecule studies, vast efforts have been put forth in order to comprehensively characterize and quantify metabolites formed from complex mechanistic pathways within biochemical and biological organisms. Many technologies and methodologies have been developed to aid understanding of the inherent complexities within biological metabolomes. Specifically, mass spectroscopy imaging (MSI) has emerged as a foundational technique in gaining insight into the molecular entities within cells, tissues, and whole-body samples. In this chapter we provide a brief overview of major technical components involved in MSI, including topics such as sample preparation, analyte ionization, ion detection, and data analysis. Emerging applications are briefly summarized as well, but details will be presented in the following chapters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria L Brown
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, CB 8204, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
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27
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McInnes SJP, Lowe RD. Biomedical Uses of Porous Silicon. ELECTROCHEMICALLY ENGINEERED NANOPOROUS MATERIALS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-20346-1_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Schwab NV, Ore MO, Eberlin MN, Morin S, Ifa DR. Functionalized Porous Silicon Surfaces as DESI-MS Substrates for Small Molecules Analysis. Anal Chem 2014; 86:11722-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ac503252g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas V. Schwab
- Departament
of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
- ThoMSon
Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo 13085-970, Brazil
| | - Moriam O. Ore
- Departament
of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Marcos N. Eberlin
- ThoMSon
Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo 13085-970, Brazil
| | - Sylvie Morin
- Departament
of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Demian R. Ifa
- Departament
of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
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29
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de Rond T, Danielewicz M, Northen T. High throughput screening of enzyme activity with mass spectrometry imaging. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2014; 31:1-9. [PMID: 25129648 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2014.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has found a diversity of applications ranging from localizing metabolites and proteins in tissues to investigating microbial interactions, and as a result is perhaps the fastest growing subfield of mass spectrometry. Advances in surface mass spectrometry technologies are equally applicable to the analysis of arrayed samples. One promising field in which this capacity has been leveraged is the high-throughput analysis of enzyme activity, an important step in the development of a wide range of biotechnologies. This review article describes several emerging approaches that seek to improve the quality and scope of this application of MSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan de Rond
- Dept. of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Megan Danielewicz
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Trent Northen
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA.
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30
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Silina YE, Meier F, Nebolsin VA, Koch M, Volmer DA. Novel galvanic nanostructures of Ag and Pd for efficient laser desorption/ionization of low molecular weight compounds. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2014; 25:841-851. [PMID: 24658809 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-014-0853-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A simple approach for synthesis of palladium and silver nanostructures with readily adjustable morphologies was developed using galvanic electrochemical deposition, for application to surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization (SALDI) of small biological molecules. A range of fatty acids, triglycerides, carbohydrates, and antibiotics were investigated to assess the performance of the new materials. Intense analyte cations were generated from the galvanic surfaces upon UV laser irradiation such as potassium adducts for a film thickness <100 nm (originating from impurities of the electrolyte solution) and Pd and Ag cluster ions for films with a thickness >120 nm. Possible laser desorption/ionization mechanisms of these galvanic structures are discussed. The films exhibited self-organizing abilities and adjustable morphologies by changing electrochemical parameters. They did not require any stabilizing agents and were inexpensive and very easy to produce. SALDI analysis showed that the materials were stable under ambient conditions and analytical results with excellent measurement reproducibility and detection sensitivity similar to MALDI were obtained. Finally, we applied the galvanic surfaces to fast screening of natural oils with minimum sample preparation.
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31
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Gamez RC, Castellana ET, Russell DH. Sol-gel-derived silver-nanoparticle-embedded thin film for mass spectrometry-based biosensing. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:6502-7. [PMID: 23647451 DOI: 10.1021/la4008526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A porous silver-nanoparticle (AgNP)-embedded thin film biosensor was produced by the sol-gel method. The thin films were used as matrix-free laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) biosensors applicable to several chemical classes. In these experiments, UV laser irradiation (337 nm) of the AgNP facilitates desorption and ionization of a number of peptides, triglycerides, and phospholipids. Preferential ionization of sterols from vesicles composed of olefinic phosphosphatidylcholines is also demonstrated, offering the possibility for a simplified approach for sterol analysis from complex mixtures. The composition of the nanoparticles was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-vis spectroscopy. XPS data revealed a binding energy of 368.2 eV, consistent with the previous assignment of the binding energy for the Ag 3d(5/2) peak from Ag(0) at 368.1 ± 0.1 eV. The surface morphology of the thin films was studied by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and revealed the presence of nanoparticles and the porous nature of the biosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto C Gamez
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Biological Mass Spectrometry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
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32
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Morris GM, Green LG, Radić Z, Taylor P, Sharpless KB, Olson AJ, Grynszpan F. Automated docking with protein flexibility in the design of femtomolar "click chemistry" inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase. J Chem Inf Model 2013; 53:898-906. [PMID: 23451944 DOI: 10.1021/ci300545a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The use of computer-aided structure-based drug design prior to synthesis has proven to be generally valuable in suggesting improved binding analogues of existing ligands. Here we describe the application of the program AutoDock to the design of a focused library that was used in the "click chemistry in-situ" generation of the most potent noncovalent inhibitor of the native enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) yet developed (K(d) = ~100 fM). AutoDock version 3.0.5 has been widely distributed and successfully used to predict bound conformations of flexible ligands. Here, we also used a version of AutoDock which permits additional conformational flexibility in selected amino acid side chains of the target protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrett M Morris
- Crysalin, Ltd., Cherwell Innovation Center, 77 Heyford Park, Upper Heyford, Oxfordshire, OX25 5HD, UK
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33
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Silina YE, Volmer DA. Nanostructured solid substrates for efficient laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) of low molecular weight compounds. Analyst 2013; 138:7053-65. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an01120h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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34
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Abstract
Metaproteomic studies of whole microbial communities from environmental samples (e.g., soil, sediments, freshwater, seawater, etc.) have rapidly increased in recent years due to many technological advances in mass spectrometry (MS). A single 24-h liquid chromatograph-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) measurement can potentially detect and quantify thousands of proteins from many dominant and subdominant naturally occurring microbial populations. Importantly, amino acid sequences and relative abundance information for detected peptides are determined, which allows for the characterization of expressed protein functions within communities and specific matches to be made to microbial lineages, with potential subspecies resolution. Continued optimization of protein extraction and fractionation protocols, development of quantification methods, and advances in mass spectrometry instrumentation are enabling more accurate and comprehensive peptide detection within samples, leading to wider research applicability, greater ease of use, and overall accessibility. This chapter provides a brief overview of metaproteomics experimental options, including a general protocol for sample handling and LC-MS/MS measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan S Mueller
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
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35
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Ronci M, Rudd D, Guinan T, Benkendorff K, Voelcker NH. Mass spectrometry imaging on porous silicon: investigating the distribution of bioactives in marine mollusc tissues. Anal Chem 2012; 84:8996-9001. [PMID: 23009618 DOI: 10.1021/ac3027433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Desorption/ionization on porous silicon-mass spectrometry (DIOS-MS) is an attractive alternative to conventional matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) for the analysis of low molecular weight compounds. Porous silicon (pSi) chips are also suitable as support for mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). Here, we report an implementation of DIOS-MSI using the biosynthetic organs of a marine mollusc for proof of principle. The tissue section is stamped onto a fluorocarbon-functionalized pSi chip, which extracts and traps small hydrophobic molecules from the tissue under retention of their relative spatial distribution. The section is subsequently removed and the chip is imaged without any remaining tissue. We apply this novel tissue contact printing approach to investigate the distribution of biologically active brominated precursors to Tyrian purple in the hypobranchial gland of the marine mollusc, Dicathais orbita, using DIOS-MSI. The tissue contact printing is also compatible with other types of desorption/ionization surfaces, such as nanoassisted laser desorption/ionization (NALDI) targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Ronci
- Mawson Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
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36
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Guinan T, Ronci M, Kobus H, Voelcker NH. Rapid detection of illicit drugs in neat saliva using desorption/ionization on porous silicon. Talanta 2012; 99:791-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Revised: 07/08/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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37
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Walker BN, Stolee JA, Vertes A. Nanophotonic Ionization for Ultratrace and Single-Cell Analysis by Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2012; 84:7756-62. [DOI: 10.1021/ac301238k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bennett N. Walker
- W. M. Keck Institute for Proteomics Technology and
Applications, Department of Chemistry, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052,
United States
| | - Jessica A. Stolee
- W. M. Keck Institute for Proteomics Technology and
Applications, Department of Chemistry, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052,
United States
| | - Akos Vertes
- W. M. Keck Institute for Proteomics Technology and
Applications, Department of Chemistry, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052,
United States
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38
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39
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Kim YK, Min DH. Fabrication of alternating multilayer films of graphene oxide and carbon nanotube and its application in mechanistic study of laser desorption/ionization of small molecules. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:2088-2095. [PMID: 22435538 DOI: 10.1021/am300054z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Graphene, graphene oxide (GO), and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) have been actively explored as matrix for laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) in place of conventional organic matrix. Recently, the GO/MWCNT double layer films on a solid substrate showed excellent applicability in small molecule analysis, enzyme activity assay and tissue imaging. In the present study, LDI processes of small molecules on multilayers of alternating MWCNT and GO hybrid films were thoroughly investigated. We found that the LDI efficiency of small molecules was affected by thickness, assembly sequence and surface roughness of the hybrid films that were controlled by varying the number of layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly cycles. The study would provide useful basic information to develop an efficient LDI-MS platform based on carbon nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Kwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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40
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Coffinier Y, Szunerits S, Drobecq H, Melnyk O, Boukherroub R. Diamond nanowires for highly sensitive matrix-free mass spectrometry analysis of small molecules. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:231-238. [PMID: 22080363 DOI: 10.1039/c1nr11274k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports on the use of boron-doped diamond nanowires (BDD NWs) as an inorganic substrate for matrix-free laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) analysis of small molecules. The diamond nanowires are prepared by reactive ion etching (RIE) with oxygen plasma of highly boron-doped (the boron level is 10(19) B cm(-3)) or undoped nanocrystalline diamond substrates. The resulting diamond nanowires are coated with a thin silicon oxide layer that confers a superhydrophilic character to the surface. To minimize droplet spreading, the nanowires were chemically functionalized with octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) and then UV/ozone treated to reach a final water contact angle of 120°. The sub-bandgap absorption under UV laser irradiation and the heat confinement inside the nanowires allowed desorption/ionization, most likely via a thermal mechanism, and mass spectrometry analysis of small molecules. A detection limit of 200 zeptomole for verapamil was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Coffinier
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire (IRI-CNRS-3078), Université Lille1, Parc scientifique de la haute borne, 50 Avenue de Halley, 59658, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
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41
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Bailes J, Soloviev M. The application of semiconductor quantum dots for enhancing peptide desorption, improving peak resolution and sensitivity of detection in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 906:211-217. [PMID: 22791435 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-953-2_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The interest in quantum dots (QD) and a number of reported life sciences applications increased dramatically over the last decade. The popularity of QDs stems from better photostability, higher extinction -co-efficients, and unique optical properties such as superior light absorption. Here we report methods for improving matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization desorption of crude tryptic protein digests by using CdSe/ZnS QDs. The addition of QDs to the matrix improves the signal-to-noise ratio, peak quality and increases the number of detected peptides and the overall sequence coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Bailes
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK
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42
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Coffinier Y, Nguyen N, Drobecq H, Melnyk O, Thomy V, Boukherroub R. Affinity surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry for peptide enrichment. Analyst 2012; 137:5527-32. [DOI: 10.1039/c2an35803d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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43
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Kim YK, Na HK, Kwack SJ, Ryoo SR, Lee Y, Hong S, Hong S, Jeong Y, Min DH. Synergistic effect of graphene oxide/MWCNT films in laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry of small molecules and tissue imaging. ACS NANO 2011; 5:4550-4561. [PMID: 21539346 DOI: 10.1021/nn200245v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry has been considered an important tool for various biochemical analyses and proteomics research. Although addition of conventional matrix efficiently supports laser desorption/ionization of analytes with minimal fragmentation, it often results in high background interference and misinterpretation of the spatial distribution of biomolecules especially in low-mass regions. Here, we show design, systematic characterization, and application of graphene oxide/multiwalled carbon nanotube-based films fabricated on solid substrates as a new matrix-free laser desorption/ionization platform. We demonstrate that the graphene oxide/multiwalled carbon nanotube double layer provides many advantages as a laser desorption/ionization substrate, such as efficient desorption/ionization of analytes with minimum fragmentation, high salt tolerance, no sweet-spots for mass signal, excellent durability against mechanical and photoagitation and prolonged exposure to ambient conditions, and applicability to tissue imaging mass spectrometry. This platform will be widely used as an important tool for mass spectrometry-based biochemical analyses because of its outstanding performance, long-term stability, and cost effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Kwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1 Guseong Dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
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44
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Urban PL, Amantonico A, Zenobi R. Lab-on-a-plate: extending the functionality of MALDI-MS and LDI-MS targets. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2011; 30:435-478. [PMID: 21254192 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We review the literature that describes how (matrix-assisted) laser desorption/ionization (MA)LDI target plates can be used not only as sample supports, but beyond that: as functional parts of analytical protocols that incorporate detection by MALDI-MS or matrix-free LDI-MS. Numerous steps of analytical procedures can be performed directly on the (MA)LDI target plates prior to the ionization of analytes in the ion source of a mass spectrometer. These include homogenization, preconcentration, amplification, purification, extraction, digestion, derivatization, synthesis, separation, detection with complementary techniques, data storage, or other steps. Therefore, we consider it helpful to define the "lab-on-a-plate" as a format for carrying out extensive sample treatment as well as bioassays directly on (MA)LDI target plates. This review introduces the lab-on-plate approach and illustrates it with the aid of relevant examples from the scientific and patent literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel L Urban
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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45
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Yuliana ND, Khatib A, Choi YH, Verpoorte R. Metabolomics for bioactivity assessment of natural products. Phytother Res 2011; 25:157-69. [PMID: 20658470 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Natural products historically have been a rich source of lead molecules in drug discovery, based on their capability to create unique and diverse chemical structures. However, it is also true that the vast number of metabolites typically present in natural products and their huge dynamic range results in the loss of many possibly bioactive natural compounds, becoming an inextricable obstacle for drug development. Recently, new strategies which favour a holistic approach as opposed to the traditional reductionist methods used previously, have been introduced with the purpose of overcoming the bottlenecks in natural product research. This approach is based on the application of new technologies, including metabolomics, for example. Metabolomics allows a systematic study of a complex mixture such as a phytochemical preparation, which can be linked to observations obtained through biological testing systems without the need for isolating active principles. This may put drug discovery from natural products back in the limelight again. In this review paper, the description of some examples of successful metabolomics applications in several important fields related to drug discovery from natural sources aims at raising the potential of metabolomics in reducing the gap between natural products (NP) and modern drug discovery demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Dewi Yuliana
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Section of Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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46
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Credo G, Hewitson H, Benevides C, Bouvier ESP. Development of a Porous Silicon Product for Small Molecule Mass Spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-808-a4.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTPrevious work has demonstrated the utility of desorption/ionization on silicon (DIOS) time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) in drug molecule and peptide detection[1-7]. In this work, the utility of DIOS for small molecule detection is established using commercially available porous silicon (por Si)-based target plates for MS. Since the morphology and handling of the substrates can have dramatic effects on the MS characteristics, the development of consistent manufacturing methods and characterization protocols has been central to the production of reproducible target plates[7]. Using sample substrates manufactured in-house, we show that 1) small molecules and protein digests were detected without matrix-related peaks, 2) por Si morphology was optimized for small molecule detection, 3) reproducible DIOS plates were produced, 4) although the target plates were shown to be sensitive to contamination, a consistent cleaning procedure was developed to remove contaminants, and 5) stability and shelf life were characterized as a function of surface derivatization. Dynamic range, sensitivity, quantitation, speed of analysis, solution composition, and automated deposition have also been evaluated and are described in related work[7-9]. Potential applications include high-throughput small molecule assays for drug discovery[10a] and high sensitivity (sub-femtomole) peptide identification for proteomics[10b].
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47
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Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization imaging mass spectrometry in lipidomics. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 401:29-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-4696-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2010] [Revised: 12/29/2010] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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48
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Urban PL, Schmid T, Amantonico A, Zenobi R. Multidimensional Analysis of Single Algal Cells by Integrating Microspectroscopy with Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2011; 83:1843-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ac102702m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pawel L. Urban
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Schmid
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Amantonico
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Renato Zenobi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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49
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Greving MP, Patti GJ, Siuzdak G. Nanostructure-initiator mass spectrometry metabolite analysis and imaging. Anal Chem 2011; 83:2-7. [PMID: 21049956 PMCID: PMC3012143 DOI: 10.1021/ac101565f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructure-Initiator Mass Spectrometry (NIMS) is a matrix-free desorption/ionization approach that is particularly well-suited for unbiased (untargeted) metabolomics. An overview of the NIMS technology and its application in the detection of biofluid and tissue metabolites are presented. (To listen to a podcast about this feature, please go to the Analytical Chemistry multimedia page at pubs.acs.org/page/ancham/audio/index.html .).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Greving
- Center for Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute
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50
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Qiao L, Liu B, Girault HH. Nanomaterial-assisted laser desorption ionization for mass spectrometry-based biomedical analysis. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2010; 5:1641-52. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.10.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials have been widely used to assist laser desorption ionization of biomolecules for mass spectrometry analysis. Compared with classical matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization, strategies based on nanomaterial-assisted ionization generate a clean background, which is of great benefit for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of small biomolecules, such as therapeutic and diagnostic molecules. As label-free platforms, they have successfully been used for high-throughput enzyme activity/inhibition monitoring and also for tissue imaging to map in situ the distribution of peptides, metabolites and drugs. In addition to widely used porous silicon nanomaterials, gold nanoparticles can be easily chemically modified by thiol-containing compounds, opening novel interesting perspectives. Such functionalized nanoparticles have been used both as probes to extract target molecules and as matrices to assist laser desorption ionization for developing new enzyme immunoassays or for studying DNA hybridization. More recently, semiconductor nanomaterials or quantum dots acting as photosensitive centers to induce in-source redox reactions for proteomics and to investigate biomolecule oxidation for metabolomics have been shown to offer new analytical strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Qiao
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Physique et Analytique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - BaoHong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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