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Yang Y, Wu J, Zhu H, Shi X, Liu J, Li Y, Wang M. Effect of hypoxia‑HIF‑1α‑periostin axis in thyroid cancer. Oncol Rep 2024; 51:57. [PMID: 38391012 PMCID: PMC10915707 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of thyroid carcinoma (TC) has exhibited a rapid increase in recent years. A proportion of TCs exhibit aggressive behavior. The present study aimed to investigate the potential role of hypoxia‑hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit α (HIF‑1α)‑periostin axis in the progression of TC. The upregulation of periostin and HIF‑1α expression levels was detected in 95 clinical TC tissues as compared with normal thyroid tissues. Hypoxia promoted the viability and invasion of TC cells and this effect was inhibited by the downregulation of periostin. Hypoxia also induced the Warburg effect in TC and this effect was inhibited by the silencing of periostin. Further investigations revealed that hypoxia activated HIF‑1α, which in turn regulated the expression of periostin. Immunoprecipitation and dual luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that HIF‑1α upregulated the expression of periostin by binding to the promoter of periostin. On the whole, these findings suggest the existence of a hypoxia‑HIF‑1α‑periostin axis in TC and indicate the role of this axis in the progression of TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Junyi Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Huiqin Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Dongtai People's Hospital, Dongtai, Jiangsu 224200, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Shi
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
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2
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Talbot NP, Cheng H, Hanstock H, Smith TG, Dorrington KL, Robbins PA. Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction does not limit maximal exercise capacity in healthy volunteers breathing 12% oxygen at sea level. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e15944. [PMID: 38366054 PMCID: PMC10873163 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Maximal exercise capacity is reduced at altitude or during hypoxia at sea level. It has been suggested that this might reflect increased right ventricular afterload due to hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. We have shown previously that the pulmonary vascular sensitivity to hypoxia is enhanced by sustained isocapnic hypoxia, and inhibited by intravenous iron. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that elevated pulmonary artery pressure contributes to exercise limitation during acute hypoxia. Twelve healthy volunteers performed incremental exercise tests to exhaustion breathing 12% oxygen, before and after sustained (8-h) isocapnic hypoxia at sea level. Intravenous iron sucrose (n = 6) or saline placebo (n = 6) was administered immediately before the sustained hypoxia. In the placebo group, there was a substantial (12.6 ± 1.5 mmHg) rise in systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) during sustained hypoxia, but no associated fall in maximal exercise capacity breathing 12% oxygen. In the iron group, the rise in SPAP during sustained hypoxia was markedly reduced (3.4 ± 1.0 mmHg). There was a small rise in maximal exercise capacity following sustained hypoxia within the iron group, but no overall effect of iron, compared with saline. These results do not support the hypothesis that elevated SPAP inhibits maximal exercise capacity during acute hypoxia in healthy volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick P. Talbot
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Hung‐Yuan Cheng
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Helen Hanstock
- Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Department of Health SciencesMid Sweden UniversityÖstersundSweden
| | - Thomas G. Smith
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | | | - Peter A. Robbins
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
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3
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Slingo ME. Oxygen-sensing pathways and the pulmonary circulation. J Physiol 2023. [PMID: 37843154 DOI: 10.1113/jp284591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The unique property of the pulmonary circulation to constrict in response to hypoxia, rather than dilate, brings advantages in both health and disease. Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) acts to optimise ventilation-perfusion matching - this is important clinically both in focal disease (such as pneumonia) and in one-lung ventilation during anaesthesia for thoracic surgery. However, during global hypoxia such as that encountered at high altitude, generalised pulmonary vasoconstriction can lead to pulmonary hypertension. There is now a growing body of evidence that links the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway and pulmonary vascular tone - in both acute and chronic settings. Genetic and pharmacological alterations to all key components of this pathway (VHL - von Hippel-Lindau ubiquitin E3 ligase; PHD2 - prolyl hydroxylase domain protein 2; HIF1 and HIF2) have clear effects on the pulmonary circulation, particularly in hypoxia. Furthermore, knowledge of the molecular biology of the prolyl hydroxylase enzymes has led to an extensive and ongoing body of research into the importance of iron in both HPV and pulmonary hypertension. This review will explore these relationships in more detail and discuss future avenues of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Slingo
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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4
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Georgy M, Salhiyyah K, Yacoub MH, Chester AH. Role of hypoxia inducible factor HIF-1 α in heart valves. Glob Cardiol Sci Pract 2023; 2023:e202309. [PMID: 37351095 PMCID: PMC10282783 DOI: 10.21542/gcsp.2023.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The 2016 Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award and subsequently the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine were awarded to William Kaelin, Jr., Sir Peter Ratcliffe, and Gregg Semenza for their work on how cells sense and adapt to hypoxic conditions. Their work showed that the changes in gene expression, cell metabolism, and tissue remodelling that occur in response to low oxygen concentrations are orchestrated by the transcription factor, hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). While the effects mediated by HIF-1α have been widely studied, its role in heart valves has only recently been investigated. These studies have shown that HIF-1α expression is evident in mechanisms that regulate the structure and function of heart valves. These include embryonic development, the regulation of the extracellular matrix, angiogenesis and the initiation of the calcification process. This review provides a background on the role and function of HIF-1α in response to hypoxia and a discussion of the available evidence of its involvement in the regulation of heart valves in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Georgy
- Magdi Yacoub Institute, Heart Science Centre, Harefield, Middlesex, U.K.
| | - Kareem Salhiyyah
- Magdi Yacoub Institute, Heart Science Centre, Harefield, Middlesex, U.K.
- Farah General Hospital, Farah Medical Campus, Mai Ziyadeh Street, Amman, Jordan
| | - Magdi H. Yacoub
- Magdi Yacoub Institute, Heart Science Centre, Harefield, Middlesex, U.K.
| | - Adrian H. Chester
- Magdi Yacoub Institute, Heart Science Centre, Harefield, Middlesex, U.K.
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, ICTEM Building, Du Cane Road, London
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5
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Taylor JA, Greenhaff PL, Bartlett DB, Jackson TA, Duggal NA, Lord JM. Multisystem physiological perspective of human frailty and its modulation by physical activity. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1137-1191. [PMID: 36239451 PMCID: PMC9886361 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00037.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
"Frailty" is a term used to refer to a state characterized by enhanced vulnerability to, and impaired recovery from, stressors compared with a nonfrail state, which is increasingly viewed as a loss of resilience. With increasing life expectancy and the associated rise in years spent with physical frailty, there is a need to understand the clinical and physiological features of frailty and the factors driving it. We describe the clinical definitions of age-related frailty and their limitations in allowing us to understand the pathogenesis of this prevalent condition. Given that age-related frailty manifests in the form of functional declines such as poor balance, falls, and immobility, as an alternative we view frailty from a physiological viewpoint and describe what is known of the organ-based components of frailty, including adiposity, the brain, and neuromuscular, skeletal muscle, immune, and cardiovascular systems, as individual systems and as components in multisystem dysregulation. By doing so we aim to highlight current understanding of the physiological phenotype of frailty and reveal key knowledge gaps and potential mechanistic drivers of the trajectory to frailty. We also review the studies in humans that have intervened with exercise to reduce frailty. We conclude that more longitudinal and interventional clinical studies are required in older adults. Such observational studies should interrogate the progression from a nonfrail to a frail state, assessing individual elements of frailty to produce a deep physiological phenotype of the syndrome. The findings will identify mechanistic drivers of frailty and allow targeted interventions to diminish frailty progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Taylor
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Paul L Greenhaff
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom.,NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - David B Bartlett
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas A Jackson
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, https://ror.org/03angcq70University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Niharika A Duggal
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, https://ror.org/03angcq70University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Janet M Lord
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, https://ror.org/03angcq70University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Birmingham and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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6
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Kong Y, Liu P, Li Y, Nolan ND, Quinn PMJ, Hsu C, Jenny LA, Zhao J, Cui X, Chang Y, Wert KJ, Sparrow JR, Wang N, Tsang SH. HIF2α activation and mitochondrial deficit due to iron chelation cause retinal atrophy. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e16525. [PMID: 36645044 PMCID: PMC9906391 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202216525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron accumulation causes cell death and disrupts tissue functions, which necessitates chelation therapy to reduce iron overload. However, clinical utilization of deferoxamine (DFO), an iron chelator, has been documented to give rise to systemic adverse effects, including ocular toxicity. This study provided the pathogenic and molecular basis for DFO-related retinopathy and identified retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) as the target tissue in DFO-related retinopathy. Our modeling demonstrated the susceptibility of RPE to DFO compared with the neuroretina. Intriguingly, we established upregulation of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) 2α and mitochondrial deficit as the most prominent pathogenesis underlying the RPE atrophy. Moreover, suppressing hyperactivity of HIF2α and preserving mitochondrial dysfunction by α-ketoglutarate (AKG) protects the RPE against lesions both in vitro and in vivo. This supported our observation that AKG supplementation alleviates visual impairment in a patient undergoing DFO-chelation therapy. Overall, our study established a significant role of iron deficiency in initiating DFO-related RPE atrophy. Inhibiting HIF2α and rescuing mitochondrial function by AKG protect RPE cells and can potentially ameliorate patients' visual function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Kong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Pei‐Kang Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of OphthalmologyKaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- School of Medicine, College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- Institute of Biomedical SciencesNational Sun Yat‐sen UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Nicholas D Nolan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied ScienceColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Peter M J Quinn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Chun‐Wei Hsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Laura A Jenny
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Xuan Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Ya‐Ju Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Katherine J Wert
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA
- The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and MedicineUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA
| | - Janet R Sparrow
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Nan‐Kai Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Stephen H Tsang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
- Jonas Children's Vision Care, and Bernard and Shirlee Brown Glaucoma Laboratory, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Pathology and Cell Biology, Institute of Human Nutrition, Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
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7
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Kotsyuba E, Dyachuk V. Role of the Neuroendocrine System of Marine Bivalves in Their Response to Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021202. [PMID: 36674710 PMCID: PMC9865615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mollusks comprise one of the largest phylum of marine invertebrates. With their great diversity of species, various degrees of mobility, and specific behavioral strategies, they haveoccupied marine, freshwater, and terrestrial habitats and play key roles in many ecosystems. This success is explained by their exceptional ability to tolerate a wide range of environmental stresses, such as hypoxia. Most marine bivalvemollusksare exposed to frequent short-term variations in oxygen levels in their marine or estuarine habitats. This stressfactor has caused them to develop a wide variety of adaptive strategies during their evolution, enabling to mobilize rapidly a set of behavioral, physiological, biochemical, and molecular defenses that re-establishing oxygen homeostasis. The neuroendocrine system and its related signaling systems play crucial roles in the regulation of various physiological and behavioral processes in mollusks and, hence, can affect hypoxiatolerance. Little effort has been made to identify the neurotransmitters and genes involved in oxygen homeostasis regulation, and the molecular basis of the differences in the regulatory mechanisms of hypoxia resistance in hypoxia-tolerant and hypoxia-sensitive bivalve species. Here, we summarize current knowledge about the involvement of the neuroendocrine system in the hypoxia stress response, and the possible contributions of various signaling molecules to this process. We thusprovide a basis for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxic stress in bivalves, also making comparisons with data from related studies on other species.
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8
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Effects of different exercise types on outdoor thermal comfort in a severe cold city. J Therm Biol 2022; 109:103330. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2022.103330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Zhu Z, Fang C, Xu H, Yuan L, Du Y, Ni Y, Xu Y, Shao A, Zhang A, Lou M. Anoikis resistance in diffuse glioma: The potential therapeutic targets in the future. Front Oncol 2022; 12:976557. [PMID: 36046036 PMCID: PMC9423707 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.976557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common malignant intracranial tumor and exhibits diffuse metastasis and a high recurrence rate. The invasive property of glioma results from cell detachment. Anoikis is a special form of apoptosis that is activated upon cell detachment. Resistance to anoikis has proven to be a protumor factor. Therefore, it is suggested that anoikis resistance commonly occurs in glioma and promotes diffuse invasion. Several factors, such as integrin, E-cadherin, EGFR, IGFR, Trk, TGF-β, the Hippo pathway, NF-κB, eEF-2 kinase, MOB2, hypoxia, acidosis, ROS, Hsp and protective autophagy, have been shown to induce anoikis resistance in glioma. In our present review, we aim to summarize the underlying mechanism of resistance and the therapeutic potential of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaoyou Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Houshi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichao Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunjia Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanzhi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anke Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meiqing Lou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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10
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Ba Y, Yang S, Yu S, Hou X, Du Y, Gao M, Zuo J, Sun L, Fu X, Li Z, Huang H, Zhou G, Yu F. Role of Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis and HIF-1 Signaling Pathways in Rats with Dental Fluorosis Integrated Proteomics and Metabolomics Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158266. [PMID: 35897842 PMCID: PMC9332816 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluoride is widely distributed, and excessive intake will lead to dental fluorosis. In this study, six offspring rats administrated 100 mg/L sodium fluoride were defined as the dental fluorosis group, and eight offspring rats who received pure water were defined as the control group. Differentially expressed proteins and metabolites extracted from peripheral blood were identified using the liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography mass spectrometry, with the judgment criteria of fold change >1.2 or <0.83 and p < 0.05. A coexpression enrichment analysis using OmicsBean was conducted on the identified proteins and metabolites, and a false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05 was considered significant. Human Protein Atlas was used to determine the subcellular distribution of hub proteins. The Gene Cards was used to verify results. A total of 123 up-regulated and 46 down-regulated proteins, and 12 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated metabolites were identified. The significant coexpression pathways were the HIF-1 (FDR = 1.86 × 10−3) and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis (FDR = 1.14 × 10−10). The results of validation analysis showed the proteins related to fluorine were mainly enriched in the cytoplasm and extrinsic component of the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane. The HIF-1 pathway (FDR = 1.01 × 10−7) was also identified. Therefore, the HIF-1 and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways were significantly correlated with dental fluorosis.
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11
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Abstract
Cellular hypoxia occurs when the demand for sufficient molecular oxygen needed to produce the levels of ATP required to perform physiological functions exceeds the vascular supply, thereby leading to a state of oxygen depletion with the associated risk of bioenergetic crisis. To protect against the threat of hypoxia, eukaryotic cells have evolved the capacity to elicit oxygen-sensitive adaptive transcriptional responses driven primarily (although not exclusively) by the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway. In addition to the canonical regulation of HIF by oxygen-dependent hydroxylases, multiple other input signals, including gasotransmitters, non-coding RNAs, histone modifiers and post-translational modifications, modulate the nature of the HIF response in discreet cell types and contexts. Activation of HIF induces various effector pathways that mitigate the effects of hypoxia, including metabolic reprogramming and the production of erythropoietin. Drugs that target the HIF pathway to induce erythropoietin production are now approved for the treatment of chronic kidney disease-related anaemia. However, HIF-dependent changes in cell metabolism also have profound implications for functional responses in innate and adaptive immune cells, and thereby heavily influence immunity and the inflammatory response. Preclinical studies indicate a potential use of HIF therapeutics to treat inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease. Understanding the links between HIF, cellular metabolism and immunity is key to unlocking the full therapeutic potential of drugs that target the HIF pathway. Hypoxia-dependent changes in cellular metabolism have important implications for the effective functioning of multiple immune cell subtypes. This Review describes the inputs that shape the hypoxic response in individual cell types and contexts, and the implications of this response for cellular metabolism and associated alterations in immune cell function. Hypoxia is a common feature of particular microenvironments and at sites of immunity and inflammation, resulting in increased activity of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). In addition to hypoxia, multiple inputs modulate the activity of the HIF pathway, allowing nuanced downstream responses in discreet cell types and contexts. HIF-dependent changes in cellular metabolism mitigate the effects of hypoxia and ensure that energy needs are met under conditions in which oxidative phosphorylation is reduced. HIF-dependent changes in metabolism also profoundly affect the phenotype and function of immune cells. The immunometabolic effects of HIF have important implications for targeting the HIF pathway in inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cormac T Taylor
- School of Medicine, The Conway Institute & Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Carsten C Scholz
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Physiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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12
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Cardio-onco-metabolism: metabolic remodelling in cardiovascular disease and cancer. Nat Rev Cardiol 2022; 19:414-425. [PMID: 35440740 PMCID: PMC10112835 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00698-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease and cancer are the two leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. The emerging field of cardio-oncology has revealed that these seemingly disparate disease processes are intertwined, owing to the cardiovascular sequelae of anticancer therapies, shared risk factors that predispose individuals to both cardiovascular disease and cancer, as well the possible potentiation of cancer growth by cardiac dysfunction. As a result, interest has increased in understanding the fundamental biological mechanisms that are central to the relationship between cardiovascular disease and cancer. Metabolism, appropriate regulation of energy, energy substrate utilization, and macromolecular synthesis and breakdown are fundamental processes for cellular and organismal survival. In this Review, we explore the emerging data identifying metabolic dysregulation as an important theme in cardio-oncology. We discuss the growing recognition of metabolic reprogramming in cardiovascular disease and cancer and view the novel area of cardio-oncology through the lens of metabolism.
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13
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Frise MC, Holdsworth DA, Johnson AW, Chung YJ, Curtis MK, Cox PJ, Clarke K, Tyler DJ, Roberts DJ, Ratcliffe PJ, Dorrington KL, Robbins PA. Abnormal whole-body energy metabolism in iron-deficient humans despite preserved skeletal muscle oxidative phosphorylation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:998. [PMID: 35046429 PMCID: PMC8770476 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03968-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency impairs skeletal muscle metabolism. The underlying mechanisms are incompletely characterised, but animal and human experiments suggest the involvement of signalling pathways co-dependent upon oxygen and iron availability, including the pathway associated with hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). We performed a prospective, case-control, clinical physiology study to explore the effects of iron deficiency on human metabolism, using exercise as a stressor. Thirteen iron-deficient (ID) individuals and thirteen iron-replete (IR) control participants each underwent 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy of exercising calf muscle to investigate differences in oxidative phosphorylation, followed by whole-body cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Thereafter, individuals were given an intravenous (IV) infusion, randomised to either iron or saline, and the assessments repeated ~ 1 week later. Neither baseline iron status nor IV iron significantly influenced high-energy phosphate metabolism. During submaximal cardiopulmonary exercise, the rate of decline in blood lactate concentration was diminished in the ID group (P = 0.005). Intravenous iron corrected this abnormality. Furthermore, IV iron increased lactate threshold during maximal cardiopulmonary exercise by ~ 10%, regardless of baseline iron status. These findings demonstrate abnormal whole-body energy metabolism in iron-deficient but otherwise healthy humans. Iron deficiency promotes a more glycolytic phenotype without having a detectable effect on mitochondrial bioenergetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Frise
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - David A Holdsworth
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Andrew W Johnson
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Yu Jin Chung
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - M Kate Curtis
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Pete J Cox
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Kieran Clarke
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Damian J Tyler
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - David J Roberts
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, National Blood Service Oxford Centre, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ, UK
| | - Peter J Ratcliffe
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, NDM Research Building, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Keith L Dorrington
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Peter A Robbins
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK.
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14
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O'Brien KA, McNally BD, Sowton AP, Murgia A, Armitage J, Thomas LW, Krause FN, Maddalena LA, Francis I, Kavanagh S, Williams DP, Ashcroft M, Griffin JL, Lyon JJ, Murray AJ. Enhanced hepatic respiratory capacity and altered lipid metabolism support metabolic homeostasis during short-term hypoxic stress. BMC Biol 2021; 19:265. [PMID: 34911556 PMCID: PMC8675474 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-021-01192-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue hypoxia is a key feature of several endemic hepatic diseases, including alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and organ failure. Hypoxia imposes a severe metabolic challenge on the liver, potentially disrupting its capacity to carry out essential functions including fuel storage and the integration of lipid metabolism at the whole-body level. Mitochondrial respiratory function is understood to be critical in mediating the hepatic hypoxic response, yet the time-dependent nature of this response and the role of the respiratory chain in this remain unclear. RESULTS Here, we report that hepatic respiratory capacity is enhanced following short-term exposure to hypoxia (2 days, 10% O2) and is associated with increased abundance of the respiratory chain supercomplex III2+IV and increased cardiolipin levels. Suppression of this enhanced respiratory capacity, achieved via mild inhibition of mitochondrial complex III, disrupted metabolic homeostasis. Hypoxic exposure for 2 days led to accumulation of plasma and hepatic long chain acyl-carnitines. This was observed alongside depletion of hepatic triacylglycerol species with total chain lengths of 39-53 carbons, containing palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, and oleic acids, which are associated with de novo lipogenesis. The changes to hepatic respiratory capacity and lipid metabolism following 2 days hypoxic exposure were transient, becoming resolved after 14 days in line with systemic acclimation to hypoxia and elevated circulating haemoglobin concentrations. CONCLUSIONS The liver maintains metabolic homeostasis in response to shorter term hypoxic exposure through transient enhancement of respiratory chain capacity and alterations to lipid metabolism. These findings may have implications in understanding and treating hepatic pathologies associated with hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie A O'Brien
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK.
| | - Ben D McNally
- Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Sanger Building Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Alice P Sowton
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Antonio Murgia
- Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Sanger Building Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
| | - James Armitage
- Global Investigative Safety, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Park Road, Ware, Hertfordshire, SG12 0DP, UK
| | - Luke W Thomas
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Fynn N Krause
- Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Sanger Building Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Lucas A Maddalena
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Ian Francis
- Ultrastructure and Cellular Bioimaging, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Park Road, Ware, Hertfordshire, SG12 0DP, UK
| | - Stefan Kavanagh
- Oncology Safety Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, CB2 OAA, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dominic P Williams
- Functional and Mechanistic Safety, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, CB2 OAA, Cambridge, UK
| | - Margaret Ashcroft
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Julian L Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Sanger Building Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
- Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Digestion, Metabolism and Reproduction, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jonathan J Lyon
- Global Investigative Safety, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Park Road, Ware, Hertfordshire, SG12 0DP, UK
| | - Andrew J Murray
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK.
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15
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Slingo ME, Pandit JJ. Oxygen sensing, anaesthesia and critical care: a narrative review. Anaesthesia 2021; 77:213-223. [PMID: 34555179 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In 2019, the scientists who discovered how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability were awarded the Nobel Prize. This elegant sensing pathway is conserved throughout evolution, and it underpins the physiology and pathology that we, as clinicians in anaesthesia and critical care, encounter on a daily basis. The purpose of this review is to bring hypoxia-inducible factor, and the oxygen-sensing pathway as a whole, to the wider clinical community. We describe how this unifying mechanism was discovered, and how it orchestrates diverse changes such as erythropoiesis, ventilatory acclimatisation, pulmonary vascular remodelling and altered metabolism. We explore the lessons learnt from genetic disorders of oxygen sensing, and the wider implications in evolution of all animal species, including our own. Finally, we explain how this pathway is relevant to our clinical practice, and how it is being manipulated in new treatments for conditions such as cancer, anaemia and pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Slingo
- Shackleton Department of Anaesthetics, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - J J Pandit
- Nuffield Department of Anaesthetics, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.,University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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16
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Breakthrough Science: Hypoxia-Inducible Factors, Oxygen Sensing, and Disorders of Hematopoiesis. Blood 2021; 139:2441-2449. [PMID: 34411243 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021011043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) were discovered as activators of erythropoietin gene transcription in response to reduced O2 availability. O2-dependent hydroxylation of HIFs on proline and asparagine residues regulates protein stability and transcription activity, respectively. Mutations in genes encoding components of the oxygen sensing pathway cause familial erythrocytosis. Several small molecule inhibitors of HIF prolyl hydroxylases are currently in clinical trials as erythropoiesis stimulating agents. HIFs are overexpressed in bone marrow neoplasms, and the development of HIF inhibitors may improve outcome in these disorders.
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17
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Targeted Sequencing Identifies the Genetic Variants Associated with High-altitude Polycythemia in the Tibetan Population. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2021; 38:556-565. [PMID: 35747576 PMCID: PMC9209555 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-021-01474-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
High-altitude polycythemia (HAPC) is characterized by excessive proliferation of erythrocytes, resulting from the hypobaric hypoxia condition in high altitude. The genetic variants and molecular mechanisms of HAPC remain unclear in highlanders. We recruited 141 Tibetan dwellers, including 70 HAPC patients and 71 healthy controls, to detect the possible genetic variants associated with the disease; and performed targeted sequencing on 529 genes associated with the oxygen metabolism and erythrocyte regulation, utilized unconditional logistic regression analysis and GO (gene ontology) analysis to investigate the genetic variations of HAPC. We identified 12 single nucleotide variants, harbored in 12 genes, associated with the risk of HAPC (4.7 ≤ odd ratios ≤ 13.6; 7.6E − 08 ≤ p-value ≤ 1E − 04). The pathway enrichment study of these genes indicated the three pathways, the PI3K-AKT pathway, JAK-STAT pathway, and HIF-1 pathway, are essential, which p-values as 3.70E − 08, 1.28 E − 07, and 3.98 E − 06, respectively. We are hopeful that our results will provide a reference for the etiology research of HAPC. However, additional genetic risk factors and functional investigations are necessary to confirm our results further.
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18
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Hansen AB, Moralez G, Amin SB, Simspon LL, Hofstaetter F, Anholm JD, Gasho C, Stembridge M, Dawkins TG, Tymko MM, Ainslie PN, Villafuerte F, Romero SA, Hearon CM, Lawley JS. Global REACH 2018: the adaptive phenotype to life with chronic mountain sickness and polycythaemia. J Physiol 2021; 599:4021-4044. [PMID: 34245004 DOI: 10.1113/jp281730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Humans suffering from polycythaemia undergo multiple circulatory adaptations including changes in blood rheology and structural and functional vascular adaptations to maintain normal blood pressure and vascular shear stresses, despite high blood viscosity. During exercise, several circulatory adaptations are observed, especially involving adrenergic and non-adrenergic mechanisms within non-active and active skeletal muscle to maintain exercise capacity, which is not observed in animal models. Despite profound circulatory stress, i.e. polycythaemia, several adaptations can occur to maintain exercise capacity, therefore making early identification of the disease difficult without overt symptomology. Pharmacological treatment of the background heightened sympathetic activity may impair the adaptive sympathetic response needed to match local oxygen delivery to active skeletal muscle oxygen demand and therefore inadvertently impair exercise capacity. ABSTRACT Excessive haematocrit and blood viscosity can increase blood pressure, cardiac work and reduce aerobic capacity. However, past clinical investigations have demonstrated that certain human high-altitude populations suffering from excessive erythrocytosis, Andeans with chronic mountain sickness, appear to have phenotypically adapted to life with polycythaemia, as their exercise capacity is comparable to healthy Andeans and even with sea-level inhabitants residing at high altitude. By studying this unique population, which has adapted through natural selection, this study aimed to describe how humans can adapt to life with polycythaemia. Experimental studies included Andeans with (n = 19) and without (n = 17) chronic mountain sickness, documenting exercise capacity and characterizing the transport of oxygen through blood rheology, including haemoglobin mass, blood and plasma volume and blood viscosity, cardiac output, blood pressure and changes in total and local vascular resistances through pharmacological dissection of α-adrenergic signalling pathways within non-active and active skeletal muscle. At rest, Andeans with chronic mountain sickness had a substantial plasma volume contraction, which alongside a higher red blood cell volume, caused an increase in blood viscosity yet similar total blood volume. Moreover, both morphological and functional alterations in the periphery normalized vascular shear stress and blood pressure despite high sympathetic nerve activity. During exercise, blood pressure, cardiac work and global oxygen delivery increased similar to healthy Andeans but were sustained by modifications in both non-active and active skeletal muscle vascular function. These findings highlight widespread physiological adaptations that can occur in response to polycythaemia, which allow the maintenance of exercise capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander B Hansen
- Department of Sport Science, Division of Performance Physiology and Prevention, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gilbert Moralez
- Department of Applied Clinical Research, University of Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Sachin B Amin
- Department of Sport Science, Division of Performance Physiology and Prevention, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lydia L Simspon
- Department of Sport Science, Division of Performance Physiology and Prevention, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Hofstaetter
- Department of Sport Science, Division of Performance Physiology and Prevention, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - James D Anholm
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Christopher Gasho
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Mike Stembridge
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Tony G Dawkins
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Michael M Tymko
- Physical Activity and Diabetes Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Centre of Heart, Lung, and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Philip N Ainslie
- Centre of Heart, Lung, and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Francisco Villafuerte
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada/Fisiología del Transporte de Oxígeno, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Steven A Romero
- University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Christopher M Hearon
- Department of Applied Clinical Research, University of Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Institute of Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Justin S Lawley
- Department of Sport Science, Division of Performance Physiology and Prevention, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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19
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Mooli RGR, Rodriguez J, Takahashi S, Solanki S, Gonzalez FJ, Ramakrishnan SK, Shah YM. Hypoxia via ERK Signaling Inhibits Hepatic PPARα to Promote Fatty Liver. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 12:585-597. [PMID: 33798787 PMCID: PMC8258975 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Fatty liver or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease associated with comorbidities such as insulin resistance and cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Chronic activation of hypoxic signaling, in particular, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)2α, promotes NAFLD progression by repressing genes involved in fatty acid β-oxidation through unclear mechanisms. Therefore, we assessed the precise mechanism by which HIF2α promotes fatty liver and its physiological relevance in metabolic homeostasis. METHODS Primary hepatocytes from VHL (VhlΔHep) and PPARα (Ppara-null) knockout mice that were loaded with fatty acids, murine dietary protocols to induce hepatic steatosis, and fasting-refeeding dietary regimen approaches were used to test our hypothesis. RESULTS Inhibiting autophagy using chloroquine did not decrease lipid contents in VhlΔHep primary hepatocytes. Inhibition of ERK using MEK inhibitor decreased lipid contents in primary hepatocytes from a genetic model of constitutive HIF activation and primary hepatocytes loaded with free fatty acids. Moreover, MEK-ERK inhibition potentiated ligand-dependent activation of PPARα. We also show that MEK-ERK inhibition improved diet-induced hepatic steatosis, which is associated with the induction of PPARα target genes. During fasting, fatty acid β-oxidation is induced by PPARα, and refeeding inhibits β-oxidation. Our data show that ERK is involved in the post-prandial repression of hepatic PPARα signaling. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our results demonstrate that ERK activated by hypoxia signaling plays a crucial role in fatty acid β-oxidation genes by repressing hepatocyte PPARα signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Gopal Reddy Mooli
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jessica Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Shogo Takahashi
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sumeet Solanki
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sadeesh K Ramakrishnan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
| | - Yatrik M Shah
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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20
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Yang Y, Zheng W, Xie H, Ren L, Xu X, Liang Y. Theoretical study on adiabatic electron affinity of fatty acids. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02456f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The AEA of saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids with typical substituents were calculated by the ωB97X method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Wenrui Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Hongyun Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Lufei Ren
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xiaofei Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yingning Liang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
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21
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Kierans SJ, Taylor CT. Regulation of glycolysis by the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF): implications for cellular physiology. J Physiol 2020; 599:23-37. [PMID: 33006160 DOI: 10.1113/jp280572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 355] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Under conditions of hypoxia, most eukaryotic cells can shift their primary metabolic strategy from predominantly mitochondrial respiration towards increased glycolysis to maintain ATP levels. This hypoxia-induced reprogramming of metabolism is key to satisfying cellular energetic requirements during acute hypoxic stress. At a transcriptional level, this metabolic switch can be regulated by several pathways including the hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) which induces an increased expression of glycolytic enzymes. While this increase in glycolytic flux is beneficial for maintaining bioenergetic homeostasis during hypoxia, the pathways mediating this increase can also be exploited by cancer cells to promote tumour survival and growth, an area which has been extensively studied. It has recently become appreciated that increased glycolytic metabolism in hypoxia may also have profound effects on cellular physiology in hypoxic immune and endothelial cells. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms central to mediating this reprogramming are of importance from both physiological and pathophysiological standpoints. In this review, we highlight the role of HIF-1α in the regulation of hypoxic glycolysis and its implications for physiological processes such as angiogenesis and immune cell effector function.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Kierans
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C T Taylor
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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22
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Gopu V, Fan L, Shetty RS, Nagaraja M, Shetty S. Caveolin-1 scaffolding domain peptide regulates glucose metabolism in lung fibrosis. JCI Insight 2020; 5:137969. [PMID: 32841217 PMCID: PMC7566714 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.137969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased metabolism distinguishes myofibroblasts or fibrotic lung fibroblasts (fLfs) from the normal lung fibroblasts (nLfs). The mechanism of metabolic activation in fLfs has not been fully elucidated. Furthermore, the antifibrogenic effects of caveolin-1 scaffolding domain peptide CSP/CSP7 involving metabolic reprogramming in fLfs are unclear. We therefore analyzed lactate and succinate levels, as well as the expression of glycolytic enzymes and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). Lactate and succinate levels, as well as the basal expression of glycolytic enzymes and HIF-1α, were increased in fLfs. These changes were reversed following restoration of p53 or its transcriptional target microRNA-34a (miR-34a) expression in fLfs. Conversely, inhibition of basal p53 or miR-34a increased glucose metabolism, glycolytic enzymes, and HIF-1α in nLfs. Treatment of fLfs or mice having bleomycin- or Ad-TGF-β1-induced lung fibrosis with CSP/CSP7 reduced the expression of glycolytic enzymes and HIF-1α. Furthermore, inhibition of p53 or miR-34a abrogated CSP/CSP7-mediated restoration of glycolytic flux in fLfs in vitro and in mice with pulmonary fibrosis and lacking p53 or miR-34a expression in fibroblasts in vivo. Our data indicate that dysregulation of glucose metabolism in fLfs is causally linked to loss of basal expression of p53 and miR-34a. Treatment with CSP/CSP7 constrains aberrant glucose metabolism through restoration of p53 and miR-34a.
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23
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Abstract
The syndrome of critical illness is a complex physiological stressor that can be triggered by diverse pathologies. It is widely believed that organ dysfunction and death result from bioenergetic failure caused by inadequate cellular oxygen supply. Teleologically, life has evolved to survive in the face of stressors by undergoing a suite of adaptive changes. Adaptation not only comprises alterations in systemic physiology but also involves molecular reprogramming within cells. The concept of cellular adaptation in critically ill patients is a matter of contention in part because medical interventions mask underlying physiology, creating the artificial construct of "chronic critical illness," without which death would be imminent. Thus far, the intensive care armamentarium has not targeted cellular metabolism to preserve a temporary equilibrium but instead attempts to normalize global oxygen and substrate delivery. Here, we review adaptations to hypoxia that have been demonstrated in cellular models and in human conditions associated with hypoxia, including the hypobaric hypoxia of high altitude, the intrauterine low-oxygen environment, and adult myocardial hibernation. Common features include upregulation of glycolytic ATP production, enhancement of respiratory efficiency, downregulation of mitochondrial density, and suppression of energy-consuming processes. We argue that these innate cellular adaptations to hypoxia represent potential avenues for intervention that have thus far remained untapped by intensive care medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen T McKenna
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Royal Free Intensive Care Unit, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Murray
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel S Martin
- Royal Free Intensive Care Unit, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Peninsula Medical School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom
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24
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Madhu V, Boneski PK, Silagi E, Qiu Y, Kurland I, Guntur AR, Shapiro IM, Risbud MV. Hypoxic Regulation of Mitochondrial Metabolism and Mitophagy in Nucleus Pulposus Cells Is Dependent on HIF-1α-BNIP3 Axis. J Bone Miner Res 2020; 35:1504-1524. [PMID: 32251541 PMCID: PMC7778522 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nucleus pulposus (NP) cells reside in an avascular and hypoxic microenvironment of the intervertebral disc and are predominantly glycolytic due to robust HIF-1 activity. It is generally thought that NP cells contain few functional mitochondria compared with cells that rely on oxidative metabolism. Consequently, the contribution of mitochondria to NP cell metabolism and the role of hypoxia and HIF-1 in mitochondrial homeostasis is poorly understood. Using mitoQC reporter mice, we show for the first time to our knowledge that NP cell mitochondria undergo age-dependent mitophagy in vivo. Mechanistically, in vitro studies suggest that, under hypoxic conditions, mitochondria in primary NP cells undergo HIF-1α-dependent fragmentation, controlled by modulating the levels of key proteins DRP1 and OPA1 that are involved in mitochondrial fission and fusion, respectively. Seahorse assays and steady state metabolic profiling coupled with [1-2-13 C]-glucose flux analysis revealed that in hypoxia, HIF-1α regulated metabolic flux through coordinating glycolysis and the mitochondrial TCA cycle interactions, thereby controlling the overall biosynthetic capacity of NP cells. We further show that hypoxia and HIF-1α trigger mitophagy in NP cells through the mitochondrial translocation of BNIP3, an inducer of receptor-mediated mitophagy. Surprisingly, however, loss of HIF-1α in vitro and analysis of NP-specific HIF-1α null mice do not show a decrease in mitophagic flux in NP cells but a compensatory increase in NIX and PINK1-Parkin pathways with higher mitochondrial number. Taken together, our studies provide novel mechanistic insights into the complex interplay between hypoxia and HIF-1α signaling on the mitochondrial metabolism and quality control in NP cells. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedavathi Madhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paige K Boneski
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Silagi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Graduate Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yunping Qiu
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Irwin Kurland
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Anyonya R Guntur
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, USA
| | - Irving M Shapiro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Graduate Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Makarand V Risbud
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Graduate Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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25
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Lavorato M, Formenti F, Franzini-Armstrong C. The structural basis for intermitochondrial communications is fundamentally different in cardiac and skeletal muscle. Exp Physiol 2020; 105:606-612. [PMID: 32189419 DOI: 10.1113/ep087503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the topic for this review? This review summarizes recent discoveries in mitochondrial development and morphology studied with electron microscopy. What advances does it highlight? Although mitochondria are generally considered to be isolated from each other, this review highlights recently discovered evidence for the presence of intermitochondrial communication structures in cardiac and skeletal muscle, in animal models and humans. Within striated muscles, the means of intermitochondrial exchange and the reaction of mitochondria to external stimuli are uniquely dependent on the tissue, and we clearly differentiate between nanotunnels, the active protrusion of cardiac mitochondria, and the connecting ducts of skeletal muscle derived from fusion-fission and elongation events. ABSTRACT This review focuses on recent discoveries in skeletal and cardiac muscles indicating that mitochondria behave as an interactive cohort with inter-organelle communication and specific reactions to stress signals. Our new finding is that intermitochondrial communications in cardiac and skeletal muscles rely on two distinct methods. In cardiac muscle, mitochondria are discrete entities and are fairly well immobilized in a structural context. The organelles have developed a unique method of communication, via nanotunnels, which allow temporary connection from one mitochondrion to another over distances of up to several micrometres, without overall movement of the individual organelles and loss of their identity. Skeletal muscle mitochondria, in contrast, are dynamic. Through fusion, fission and elongation, they form connections that include constrictions and connecting ducts (distinct from nanotunnels) and lose individual identity in the formation of extensive networks. Connecting elements in skeletal muscle are distinct from nanotunnels in cardiac muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Lavorato
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Federico Formenti
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.,Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA
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Identification of key HIF-1α target genes that regulate adaptation to hypoxic conditions in Tibetan chicken embryos. Gene 2020; 729:144321. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Perrotta S, Roberti D, Bencivenga D, Corsetto P, O'Brien KA, Caiazza M, Stampone E, Allison L, Fleck RA, Scianguetta S, Tartaglione I, Robbins PA, Casale M, West JA, Franzini-Armstrong C, Griffin JL, Rizzo AM, Sinisi AA, Murray AJ, Borriello A, Formenti F, Della Ragione F. Effects of Germline VHL Deficiency on Growth, Metabolism, and Mitochondria. N Engl J Med 2020; 382:835-844. [PMID: 32101665 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1907362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in VHL, which encodes von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor (VHL), are associated with divergent diseases. We describe a patient with marked erythrocytosis and prominent mitochondrial alterations associated with a severe germline VHL deficiency due to homozygosity for a novel synonymous mutation (c.222C→A, p.V74V). The condition is characterized by early systemic onset and differs from Chuvash polycythemia (c.598C→T) in that it is associated with a strongly reduced growth rate, persistent hypoglycemia, and limited exercise capacity. We report changes in gene expression that reprogram carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, impair muscle mitochondrial respiratory function, and uncouple oxygen consumption from ATP production. Moreover, we identified unusual intermitochondrial connecting ducts. Our findings add unexpected information on the importance of the VHL-hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) axis to human phenotypes. (Funded by Associazione Italiana Ricerca sul Cancro and others.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Silverio Perrotta
- From the Departments of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery (S.P., D.R., M. Caiazza, S.S., I.T., M. Casale), Precision Medicine (D.B., E.S., A.B., F.D.R.), and Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A.A.S.), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan (P.C., A.M.R.) - both in Italy; the Departments of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience (K.A.O., A.J.M.) and Biochemistry (J.A.W., J.L.G.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (L.A., R.A.F.) and the Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (F.F.), King's College London, London, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (P.A.R., F.F.) and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics (F.F.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.F.-A.)
| | - Domenico Roberti
- From the Departments of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery (S.P., D.R., M. Caiazza, S.S., I.T., M. Casale), Precision Medicine (D.B., E.S., A.B., F.D.R.), and Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A.A.S.), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan (P.C., A.M.R.) - both in Italy; the Departments of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience (K.A.O., A.J.M.) and Biochemistry (J.A.W., J.L.G.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (L.A., R.A.F.) and the Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (F.F.), King's College London, London, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (P.A.R., F.F.) and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics (F.F.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.F.-A.)
| | - Debora Bencivenga
- From the Departments of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery (S.P., D.R., M. Caiazza, S.S., I.T., M. Casale), Precision Medicine (D.B., E.S., A.B., F.D.R.), and Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A.A.S.), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan (P.C., A.M.R.) - both in Italy; the Departments of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience (K.A.O., A.J.M.) and Biochemistry (J.A.W., J.L.G.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (L.A., R.A.F.) and the Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (F.F.), King's College London, London, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (P.A.R., F.F.) and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics (F.F.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.F.-A.)
| | - Paola Corsetto
- From the Departments of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery (S.P., D.R., M. Caiazza, S.S., I.T., M. Casale), Precision Medicine (D.B., E.S., A.B., F.D.R.), and Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A.A.S.), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan (P.C., A.M.R.) - both in Italy; the Departments of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience (K.A.O., A.J.M.) and Biochemistry (J.A.W., J.L.G.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (L.A., R.A.F.) and the Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (F.F.), King's College London, London, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (P.A.R., F.F.) and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics (F.F.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.F.-A.)
| | - Katie A O'Brien
- From the Departments of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery (S.P., D.R., M. Caiazza, S.S., I.T., M. Casale), Precision Medicine (D.B., E.S., A.B., F.D.R.), and Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A.A.S.), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan (P.C., A.M.R.) - both in Italy; the Departments of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience (K.A.O., A.J.M.) and Biochemistry (J.A.W., J.L.G.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (L.A., R.A.F.) and the Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (F.F.), King's College London, London, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (P.A.R., F.F.) and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics (F.F.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.F.-A.)
| | - Martina Caiazza
- From the Departments of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery (S.P., D.R., M. Caiazza, S.S., I.T., M. Casale), Precision Medicine (D.B., E.S., A.B., F.D.R.), and Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A.A.S.), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan (P.C., A.M.R.) - both in Italy; the Departments of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience (K.A.O., A.J.M.) and Biochemistry (J.A.W., J.L.G.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (L.A., R.A.F.) and the Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (F.F.), King's College London, London, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (P.A.R., F.F.) and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics (F.F.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.F.-A.)
| | - Emanuela Stampone
- From the Departments of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery (S.P., D.R., M. Caiazza, S.S., I.T., M. Casale), Precision Medicine (D.B., E.S., A.B., F.D.R.), and Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A.A.S.), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan (P.C., A.M.R.) - both in Italy; the Departments of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience (K.A.O., A.J.M.) and Biochemistry (J.A.W., J.L.G.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (L.A., R.A.F.) and the Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (F.F.), King's College London, London, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (P.A.R., F.F.) and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics (F.F.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.F.-A.)
| | - Leanne Allison
- From the Departments of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery (S.P., D.R., M. Caiazza, S.S., I.T., M. Casale), Precision Medicine (D.B., E.S., A.B., F.D.R.), and Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A.A.S.), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan (P.C., A.M.R.) - both in Italy; the Departments of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience (K.A.O., A.J.M.) and Biochemistry (J.A.W., J.L.G.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (L.A., R.A.F.) and the Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (F.F.), King's College London, London, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (P.A.R., F.F.) and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics (F.F.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.F.-A.)
| | - Roland A Fleck
- From the Departments of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery (S.P., D.R., M. Caiazza, S.S., I.T., M. Casale), Precision Medicine (D.B., E.S., A.B., F.D.R.), and Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A.A.S.), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan (P.C., A.M.R.) - both in Italy; the Departments of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience (K.A.O., A.J.M.) and Biochemistry (J.A.W., J.L.G.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (L.A., R.A.F.) and the Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (F.F.), King's College London, London, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (P.A.R., F.F.) and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics (F.F.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.F.-A.)
| | - Saverio Scianguetta
- From the Departments of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery (S.P., D.R., M. Caiazza, S.S., I.T., M. Casale), Precision Medicine (D.B., E.S., A.B., F.D.R.), and Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A.A.S.), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan (P.C., A.M.R.) - both in Italy; the Departments of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience (K.A.O., A.J.M.) and Biochemistry (J.A.W., J.L.G.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (L.A., R.A.F.) and the Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (F.F.), King's College London, London, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (P.A.R., F.F.) and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics (F.F.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.F.-A.)
| | - Immacolata Tartaglione
- From the Departments of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery (S.P., D.R., M. Caiazza, S.S., I.T., M. Casale), Precision Medicine (D.B., E.S., A.B., F.D.R.), and Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A.A.S.), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan (P.C., A.M.R.) - both in Italy; the Departments of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience (K.A.O., A.J.M.) and Biochemistry (J.A.W., J.L.G.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (L.A., R.A.F.) and the Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (F.F.), King's College London, London, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (P.A.R., F.F.) and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics (F.F.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.F.-A.)
| | - Peter A Robbins
- From the Departments of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery (S.P., D.R., M. Caiazza, S.S., I.T., M. Casale), Precision Medicine (D.B., E.S., A.B., F.D.R.), and Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A.A.S.), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan (P.C., A.M.R.) - both in Italy; the Departments of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience (K.A.O., A.J.M.) and Biochemistry (J.A.W., J.L.G.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (L.A., R.A.F.) and the Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (F.F.), King's College London, London, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (P.A.R., F.F.) and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics (F.F.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.F.-A.)
| | - Maddalena Casale
- From the Departments of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery (S.P., D.R., M. Caiazza, S.S., I.T., M. Casale), Precision Medicine (D.B., E.S., A.B., F.D.R.), and Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A.A.S.), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan (P.C., A.M.R.) - both in Italy; the Departments of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience (K.A.O., A.J.M.) and Biochemistry (J.A.W., J.L.G.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (L.A., R.A.F.) and the Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (F.F.), King's College London, London, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (P.A.R., F.F.) and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics (F.F.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.F.-A.)
| | - James A West
- From the Departments of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery (S.P., D.R., M. Caiazza, S.S., I.T., M. Casale), Precision Medicine (D.B., E.S., A.B., F.D.R.), and Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A.A.S.), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan (P.C., A.M.R.) - both in Italy; the Departments of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience (K.A.O., A.J.M.) and Biochemistry (J.A.W., J.L.G.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (L.A., R.A.F.) and the Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (F.F.), King's College London, London, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (P.A.R., F.F.) and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics (F.F.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.F.-A.)
| | - Clara Franzini-Armstrong
- From the Departments of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery (S.P., D.R., M. Caiazza, S.S., I.T., M. Casale), Precision Medicine (D.B., E.S., A.B., F.D.R.), and Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A.A.S.), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan (P.C., A.M.R.) - both in Italy; the Departments of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience (K.A.O., A.J.M.) and Biochemistry (J.A.W., J.L.G.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (L.A., R.A.F.) and the Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (F.F.), King's College London, London, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (P.A.R., F.F.) and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics (F.F.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.F.-A.)
| | - Julian L Griffin
- From the Departments of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery (S.P., D.R., M. Caiazza, S.S., I.T., M. Casale), Precision Medicine (D.B., E.S., A.B., F.D.R.), and Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A.A.S.), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan (P.C., A.M.R.) - both in Italy; the Departments of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience (K.A.O., A.J.M.) and Biochemistry (J.A.W., J.L.G.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (L.A., R.A.F.) and the Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (F.F.), King's College London, London, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (P.A.R., F.F.) and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics (F.F.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.F.-A.)
| | - Angela M Rizzo
- From the Departments of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery (S.P., D.R., M. Caiazza, S.S., I.T., M. Casale), Precision Medicine (D.B., E.S., A.B., F.D.R.), and Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A.A.S.), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan (P.C., A.M.R.) - both in Italy; the Departments of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience (K.A.O., A.J.M.) and Biochemistry (J.A.W., J.L.G.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (L.A., R.A.F.) and the Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (F.F.), King's College London, London, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (P.A.R., F.F.) and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics (F.F.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.F.-A.)
| | - Antonio A Sinisi
- From the Departments of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery (S.P., D.R., M. Caiazza, S.S., I.T., M. Casale), Precision Medicine (D.B., E.S., A.B., F.D.R.), and Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A.A.S.), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan (P.C., A.M.R.) - both in Italy; the Departments of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience (K.A.O., A.J.M.) and Biochemistry (J.A.W., J.L.G.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (L.A., R.A.F.) and the Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (F.F.), King's College London, London, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (P.A.R., F.F.) and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics (F.F.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.F.-A.)
| | - Andrew J Murray
- From the Departments of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery (S.P., D.R., M. Caiazza, S.S., I.T., M. Casale), Precision Medicine (D.B., E.S., A.B., F.D.R.), and Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A.A.S.), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan (P.C., A.M.R.) - both in Italy; the Departments of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience (K.A.O., A.J.M.) and Biochemistry (J.A.W., J.L.G.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (L.A., R.A.F.) and the Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (F.F.), King's College London, London, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (P.A.R., F.F.) and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics (F.F.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.F.-A.)
| | - Adriana Borriello
- From the Departments of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery (S.P., D.R., M. Caiazza, S.S., I.T., M. Casale), Precision Medicine (D.B., E.S., A.B., F.D.R.), and Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A.A.S.), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan (P.C., A.M.R.) - both in Italy; the Departments of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience (K.A.O., A.J.M.) and Biochemistry (J.A.W., J.L.G.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (L.A., R.A.F.) and the Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (F.F.), King's College London, London, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (P.A.R., F.F.) and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics (F.F.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.F.-A.)
| | - Federico Formenti
- From the Departments of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery (S.P., D.R., M. Caiazza, S.S., I.T., M. Casale), Precision Medicine (D.B., E.S., A.B., F.D.R.), and Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A.A.S.), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan (P.C., A.M.R.) - both in Italy; the Departments of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience (K.A.O., A.J.M.) and Biochemistry (J.A.W., J.L.G.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (L.A., R.A.F.) and the Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (F.F.), King's College London, London, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (P.A.R., F.F.) and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics (F.F.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.F.-A.)
| | - Fulvio Della Ragione
- From the Departments of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery (S.P., D.R., M. Caiazza, S.S., I.T., M. Casale), Precision Medicine (D.B., E.S., A.B., F.D.R.), and Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A.A.S.), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, and the Departments of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan (P.C., A.M.R.) - both in Italy; the Departments of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience (K.A.O., A.J.M.) and Biochemistry (J.A.W., J.L.G.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (L.A., R.A.F.) and the Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (F.F.), King's College London, London, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (P.A.R., F.F.) and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics (F.F.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (C.F.-A.)
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Hou ZS, Wen HS, Li JF, He F, Li Y, Qi X. Environmental hypoxia causes growth retardation, osteoclast differentiation and calcium dyshomeostasis in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 705:135272. [PMID: 31841926 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia generally refers to a dissolved oxygen (DO) level that is less than 2-3 mg/L. With ongoing global warming and environment pollution, environmental or geological studies showed hypoxia frequently occurs in global aquatic systems including ocean, river, estuaries and coasts. A preliminary study was performed to evaluate hypoxia tolerant of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with parameters of mortality, behavior, endocrine and metabolite, identifying three DO levels including normoxia (Ctrl, 7.0 mg/L), non-lethal hypoxia (NH, 4.5 mg/L) and lethal hypoxia (LH, 3.0 mg/L). Furthermore, trout was treated by Ctrl, NH and LH for six hours to mimic the acute hypoxia in wild and/or farming conditions. A significantly higher mortality was observed in LH group. Trout of NH and LH showed stressful responses with unnormal swimming, increased serum cortisol and up-regulated gill hif1α transcription. Despite trout of NH and LH increased the oxygen delivery abilities by increasing the serum hemoglobin levels, the anerobic metabolism were inevitably observed with increased lactate. This study also showed a prolonged influence of NH and LH on growth after 30-days' recovery. Based on RNA-Seq data, different expression genes (DEGs) associated with stress, apoptosis, antioxidant, chaperone, growth, calcium and vitamin D metabolism were identified. Enrichment analysis showed DEGs were clustered in osteoclast differentiation, apoptosis and intracellular signaling transduction pathways. Results further showed NH and LH significantly decreased bone calcium content and disrupted the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor (GH-IGF) axis. Our study might contribute to a better understanding of the effects of hypoxia on rainbow trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Shuai Hou
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Hai-Shen Wen
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Ji-Fang Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Feng He
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Yun Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Xin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, PR China
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Jin S, Hu Y, Fu H, Sun S, Jiang S, Xiong Y, Qiao H, Zhang W, Gong Y, Wu Y. Analysis of testis metabolome and transcriptome from the oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense) in response to different temperatures and illumination times. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2020; 34:100662. [PMID: 32114312 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2020.100662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the male sexual differentiation of Macrobrachium nipponense is urgently needed in order to maintain sustainable development of the M. nipponense industry. Environmental factors, especially temperature and illumination, have dramatic effects on gonadal development. The aim of the present study was to identify key genes and metabolites involved in the male sexual differentiation and development of M. nipponense through integrated metabolomics and transcriptome analyses of the testis in response to different temperatures and illumination times. A total of 268 differentially abundant metabolites and 11,832 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. According to integrated metabolomics and transcriptome analyses, glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid metabolism was predicted to have dramatic effects on the male sexual differentiation and development of M. nipponense. According to the KEGG enrichment analysis of DEGs, oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, the HIF-1 signaling pathway, the citrate cycle, steroid hormone synthesis, and the spliceosome complex were predicted to promote male differentiation and development by providing adenosine triphosphate, promoting the synthesis of steroid hormones, and providing correct gene products. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and in situ hybridization showed that the SDHB, PDE1, HSDL1, CYP81F2, SRSF, and SNRNP40 genes were differentially expressed, suggesting roles in the male sexual differentiation and development of M. nipponense. Strong candidate sex-related metabolic pathways and genes in M. nipponense were identified by integrated metabolomics and transcriptome analyses of the testis in response to different temperatures and illumination times, as confirmed by PCR analysis and in situ hybridization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubo Jin
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Yuning Hu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Hongtuo Fu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Shengming Sun
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Sufei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Yiwei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Hui Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Yongsheng Gong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
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Childebayeva A, Harman T, Weinstein J, Goodrich JM, Dolinoy DC, Day TA, Bigham AW, Brutsaert TD. DNA Methylation Changes Are Associated With an Incremental Ascent to High Altitude. Front Genet 2019; 10:1062. [PMID: 31737045 PMCID: PMC6828981 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic and nongenetic factors are involved in the individual ability to physiologically acclimatize to high-altitude hypoxia through processes that include increased heart rate and ventilation. High-altitude acclimatization is thought to have a genetic component, yet it is unclear if other factors, such as epigenetic gene regulation, are involved in acclimatization to high-altitude hypoxia in nonacclimatized individuals. We collected saliva samples from a group of healthy adults of European ancestry (n = 21) in Kathmandu (1,400 m; baseline) and three altitudes during a trek to the Everest Base Camp: Namche (3,440 m; day 3), Pheriche (4,240 m; day 7), and Gorak Shep (5,160 m; day 10). We used quantitative bisulfite pyrosequencing to determine changes in DNA methylation, a well-studied epigenetic marker, in LINE-1, EPAS1, EPO, PPARa, and RXRa. We found significantly lower DNA methylation between baseline (1,400 m) and high altitudes in LINE-1, EPO (at 4,240 m only), and RXRa. We found increased methylation in EPAS1 (at 4,240 m only) and PPARa. We also found positive associations between EPO methylation and systolic blood pressure and RXRa methylation and hemoglobin. Our results show that incremental exposure to hypoxia can affect the epigenome. Changes to the epigenome, in turn, could underlie the process of altitude acclimatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainash Childebayeva
- Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena, Germany
| | - Taylor Harman
- Department of Exercise Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Julien Weinstein
- Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jaclyn M Goodrich
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Dana C Dolinoy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Trevor A Day
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Mount Royal University, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Abigail W Bigham
- Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tom D Brutsaert
- Department of Exercise Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, United States
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Sato S, Basse AL, Schönke M, Chen S, Samad M, Altıntaş A, Laker RC, Dalbram E, Barrès R, Baldi P, Treebak JT, Zierath JR, Sassone-Corsi P. Time of Exercise Specifies the Impact on Muscle Metabolic Pathways and Systemic Energy Homeostasis. Cell Metab 2019; 30:92-110.e4. [PMID: 31006592 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
While the timing of food intake is important, it is unclear whether the effects of exercise on energy metabolism are restricted to unique time windows. As circadian regulation is key to controlling metabolism, understanding the impact of exercise performed at different times of the day is relevant for physiology and homeostasis. Using high-throughput transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches, we identify distinct responses of metabolic oscillations that characterize exercise in either the early rest phase or the early active phase in mice. Notably, glycolytic activation is specific to exercise at the active phase. At the molecular level, HIF1α, a central regulator of glycolysis during hypoxia, is selectively activated in a time-dependent manner upon exercise, resulting in carbohydrate exhaustion, usage of alternative energy sources, and adaptation of systemic energy expenditure. Our findings demonstrate that the time of day is a critical factor to amplify the beneficial impact of exercise on both metabolic pathways within skeletal muscle and systemic energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Sato
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, INSERM U1233, Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Astrid Linde Basse
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Integrative Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Milena Schönke
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Siwei Chen
- Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Muntaha Samad
- Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ali Altıntaş
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Integrative Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rhianna C Laker
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Integrative Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emilie Dalbram
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Integrative Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Romain Barrès
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Integrative Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pierre Baldi
- Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jonas T Treebak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Integrative Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Juleen R Zierath
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Integrative Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paolo Sassone-Corsi
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, INSERM U1233, Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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Cargill K, Hemker SL, Clugston A, Murali A, Mukherjee E, Liu J, Bushnell D, Bodnar AJ, Saifudeen Z, Ho J, Bates CM, Kostka D, Goetzman ES, Sims-Lucas S. Von Hippel-Lindau Acts as a Metabolic Switch Controlling Nephron Progenitor Differentiation. J Am Soc Nephrol 2019; 30:1192-1205. [PMID: 31142573 PMCID: PMC6622426 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2018111170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nephron progenitors, the cell population that give rise to the functional unit of the kidney, are metabolically active and self-renew under glycolytic conditions. A switch from glycolysis to mitochondrial respiration drives these cells toward differentiation, but the mechanisms that control this switch are poorly defined. Studies have demonstrated that kidney formation is highly dependent on oxygen concentration, which is largely regulated by von Hippel-Lindau (VHL; a protein component of a ubiquitin ligase complex) and hypoxia-inducible factors (a family of transcription factors activated by hypoxia). METHODS To explore VHL as a regulator defining nephron progenitor self-renewal versus differentiation, we bred Six2-TGCtg mice with VHLlox/lox mice to generate mice with a conditional deletion of VHL from Six2+ nephron progenitors. We used histologic, immunofluorescence, RNA sequencing, and metabolic assays to characterize kidneys from these mice and controls during development and up to postnatal day 21. RESULTS By embryonic day 15.5, kidneys of nephron progenitor cell-specific VHL knockout mice begin to exhibit reduced maturation of nephron progenitors. Compared with controls, VHL knockout kidneys are smaller and developmentally delayed by postnatal day 1, and have about half the number of glomeruli at postnatal day 21. VHL knockout nephron progenitors also exhibit persistent Six2 and Wt1 expression, as well as decreased mitochondrial respiration and prolonged reliance on glycolysis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings identify a novel role for VHL in mediating nephron progenitor differentiation through metabolic regulation, and suggest that VHL is required for normal kidney development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasey Cargill
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shelby L Hemker
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew Clugston
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Developmental Biology and
| | - Anjana Murali
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Elina Mukherjee
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jiao Liu
- Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics and
- The Hypertension and Renal Centers of Excellence, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Daniel Bushnell
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew J Bodnar
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Zubaida Saifudeen
- Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics and
- The Hypertension and Renal Centers of Excellence, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jacqueline Ho
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Carlton M Bates
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Dennis Kostka
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Developmental Biology and
| | - Eric S Goetzman
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sunder Sims-Lucas
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Sirtuin 1 regulates pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation: role in pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Hypertens 2019; 36:1164-1177. [PMID: 29369849 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Energy metabolism shift from oxidative phosphorylation toward glycolysis in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) is suggested to be involved in their hyperproliferation in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Here, we studied the role of the deacetylase sirtuin1 (SIRT1) in energy metabolism regulation in PASMCs via various pathways including activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. APPROACH AND RESULTS Contents of PGC-1α and its downstream targets as well as markers of mitochondrial mass (voltage-dependent anion channel and citrate synthase) were diminished in human PAH PASMCs. These cells and platelet-derived growth factor-stimulated rat PASMCs demonstrated a shift in cellular acetylated/deacetylated state, as evidenced by the increase of the acetylated forms of SIRT1 targets: histone H1 and Forkhead box protein O1. Rat and human PASMC proliferation was potentiated by SIRT1 pharmacological inhibition or specific downregulation via short-interfering RNA. Moreover, after chronic hypoxia exposure, SIRT1 inducible knock out mice displayed a more intense vascular remodeling compared with their control littermates, which was associated with an increase in right ventricle pressure and hypertrophy. SIRT1 activator Stac-3 decreased the acetylation of histone H1 and Forkhead box protein O1 and strongly inhibited rat and human PASMC proliferation without affecting cell mortality. This effect was associated with the activation of mitochondrial biogenesis evidenced by higher expression of mitochondrial markers and downstream targets of PGC-1α. CONCLUSION Altered acetylation/deacetylation balance as the result of SIRT1 inactivation is involved in the pathogenesis of PAH, and this enzyme could be a promising therapeutic target for PAH treatment.
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Jin S, Bian C, Jiang S, Sun S, Xu L, Xiong Y, Qiao H, Zhang W, You X, Li J, Gong Y, Ma B, Shi Q, Fu H. Identification of Candidate Genes for the Plateau Adaptation of a Tibetan Amphipod, Gammarus lacustris, Through Integration of Genome and Transcriptome Sequencing. Front Genet 2019; 10:53. [PMID: 30804987 PMCID: PMC6378286 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The amphipod Gammarus lacustris has been distributing in the Tibetan region with well-known uplifts of the Tibetan plateau. It is hence considered as a good model for investigating stress adaptations of the plateau. Here, we sequenced the whole-genome and full-length transcriptome of G. lacustris, and compared the transcriptome results with its counterpart Gammarus pisinnus from a nearby plain. Our main goal was to provide a genomic resource for investigation of genetic mechanisms, by which G. lacustris adapted to living on the plateau. The final draft genome assembly of G. lacustris was 5.07 gigabases (Gb), and it contained 443,304 scaffolds (>2 kb) with an N50 of 2,578 bp. A total of 8,858 unigenes were predicted in the full-length transcriptome of G. lacustris, with an average gene length of 1,811 bp. Compared with the G. pisinnus transcriptome, 2,672 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were up-regulated and 2,881 DEGs were down-regulated in the G. lacustris transcriptome. Along with these critical DEGs, several enriched metabolic pathways, such as oxidative phosphorylation, ribosome, cell energy homeostasis, glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, were predicted to play essential roles in the plateau adaptation. In summary, the present study provides a genomic basis for understanding the plateau adaption of G. lacustris, which lays a fundamental basis for further biological and ecological studies on other resident aquatic species in the Tibetan plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubo Jin
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Chao Bian
- BGI Research Center for Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI, Shenzhen, China
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, China
| | - Sufei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Shengming Sun
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yiwei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Hui Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Xinxin You
- BGI Research Center for Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jia Li
- BGI Research Center for Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongsheng Gong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Bo Ma
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Haebin, China
| | - Qiong Shi
- BGI Research Center for Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongtuo Fu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
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Karpe F, Vasan SK, Humphreys SM, Miller J, Cheeseman J, Dennis AL, Neville MJ. Cohort Profile: The Oxford Biobank. Int J Epidemiol 2019; 47:21-21g. [PMID: 29040543 PMCID: PMC5837504 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyx132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Karpe
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford.,Oxford National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Senthil K Vasan
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford
| | - Sandy M Humphreys
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford.,Oxford National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - John Miller
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford.,Oxford National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Jane Cheeseman
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford.,Oxford National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - A Louise Dennis
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford.,Oxford National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Matt J Neville
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford.,Oxford National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
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37
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The Different Facades of Retinal and Choroidal Endothelial Cells in Response to Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123846. [PMID: 30513885 PMCID: PMC6321100 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocular angiogenic diseases, such as proliferative diabetic retinopathy and neovascular age-related macular degeneration, are associated with severe loss of vision. These pathologies originate from different vascular beds, retinal and choroidal microvasculatures, respectively. The activation of endothelial cells (EC) plays pivotal roles in angiogenesis, often triggered by oxygen deficiency. Hypoxia-inducible factors in ECs mediate the transcription of multiple angiogenic genes, including the canonical vascular endothelial growth factors. ECs show notable heterogeneity in function, structure, and disease, therefore the understanding of retinal/choroidal ECs (REC; CEC) biochemical and molecular responses to hypoxia may offer key insights into tissue-specific vascular targeting treatments. The aim of this review is to discuss the differences spanning between REC and CEC, with focus on their response to hypoxia, which could provide innovative and sustainable strategies for site specific targeting of ocular neovascularization.
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38
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Xu G, Li T, Chen J, Li C, Zhao H, Yao C, Dong H, Wen K, Wang K, Zhao J, Xia Q, Zhou T, Zhang H, Gao P, Li A, Pan X. Autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa-associated gene PRPF8 is essential for hypoxia-induced mitophagy through regulating ULK1 mRNA splicing. Autophagy 2018; 14:1818-1830. [PMID: 30103670 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1501251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aged and damaged mitochondria can be selectively degraded by specific autophagic elimination, termed mitophagy. Defects in mitophagy have been increasingly linked to several diseases including neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic diseases and other aging-related diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms of mitophagy are not fully understood. Here, we identify PRPF8 (pre-mRNA processing factor 8), a core component of the spliceosome, as an essential mediator in hypoxia-induced mitophagy from an RNAi screen based on a fluorescent mitophagy reporter, mt-Keima. Knockdown of PRPF8 significantly impairs mitophagosome formation and subsequent mitochondrial clearance through the aberrant mRNA splicing of ULK1, which mediates macroautophagy/autophagy initiation. Importantly, autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP)-associated PRPF8 mutant R2310K is defective in regulating mitophagy. Moreover, knockdown of other adRP-associated splicing factors, including PRPF6, PRPF31 and SNRNP200, also lead to ULK1 mRNA mis-splicing and mitophagy defects. Thus, these findings demonstrate that PRPF8 is essential for mitophagy and suggest that dysregulation of spliceosome-mediated mitophagy may contribute to pathogenesis of retinitis pigmentosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Xu
- a State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences , National Center of Biomedical Analysis , Beijing , China
| | - Ting Li
- a State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences , National Center of Biomedical Analysis , Beijing , China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- a State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences , National Center of Biomedical Analysis , Beijing , China
| | - Changyan Li
- b State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center , Beijing Institute of Lifeomics , Beijing , China
| | - Haixin Zhao
- a State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences , National Center of Biomedical Analysis , Beijing , China
| | - Chengcheng Yao
- a State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences , National Center of Biomedical Analysis , Beijing , China
| | - Hua Dong
- a State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences , National Center of Biomedical Analysis , Beijing , China
| | - Kaiqing Wen
- a State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences , National Center of Biomedical Analysis , Beijing , China
| | - Kai Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences , National Center of Biomedical Analysis , Beijing , China
| | - Jie Zhao
- a State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences , National Center of Biomedical Analysis , Beijing , China
| | - Qing Xia
- a State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences , National Center of Biomedical Analysis , Beijing , China
| | - Tao Zhou
- a State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences , National Center of Biomedical Analysis , Beijing , China
| | - Huafeng Zhang
- c Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , China
| | - Ping Gao
- c Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , China
| | - Ailing Li
- a State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences , National Center of Biomedical Analysis , Beijing , China
| | - Xin Pan
- a State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences , National Center of Biomedical Analysis , Beijing , China.,d State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures , Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing , China
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Pan WH, Sommer F, Falk-Paulsen M, Ulas T, Best L, Fazio A, Kachroo P, Luzius A, Jentzsch M, Rehman A, Müller F, Lengauer T, Walter J, Künzel S, Baines JF, Schreiber S, Franke A, Schultze JL, Bäckhed F, Rosenstiel P. Exposure to the gut microbiota drives distinct methylome and transcriptome changes in intestinal epithelial cells during postnatal development. Genome Med 2018; 10:27. [PMID: 29653584 PMCID: PMC5899322 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-018-0534-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interplay of epigenetic processes and the intestinal microbiota may play an important role in intestinal development and homeostasis. Previous studies have established that the microbiota regulates a large proportion of the intestinal epithelial transcriptome in the adult host, but microbial effects on DNA methylation and gene expression during early postnatal development are still poorly understood. Here, we sought to investigate the microbial effects on DNA methylation and the transcriptome of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) during postnatal development. METHODS We collected IECs from the small intestine of each of five 1-, 4- and 12 to 16-week-old mice representing the infant, juvenile, and adult states, raised either in the presence or absence of a microbiota. The DNA methylation profile was determined using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) and the epithelial transcriptome by RNA sequencing using paired samples from each individual mouse to analyze the link between microbiota, gene expression, and DNA methylation. RESULTS We found that microbiota-dependent and -independent processes act together to shape the postnatal development of the transcriptome and DNA methylation signatures of IECs. The bacterial effect on the transcriptome increased over time, whereas most microbiota-dependent DNA methylation differences were detected already early after birth. Microbiota-responsive transcripts could be attributed to stage-specific cellular programs during postnatal development and regulated gene sets involved primarily immune pathways and metabolic processes. Integrated analysis of the methylome and transcriptome data identified 126 genomic loci at which coupled differential DNA methylation and RNA transcription were associated with the presence of intestinal microbiota. We validated a subset of differentially expressed and methylated genes in an independent mouse cohort, indicating the existence of microbiota-dependent "functional" methylation sites which may impact on long-term gene expression signatures in IECs. CONCLUSIONS Our study represents the first genome-wide analysis of microbiota-mediated effects on maturation of DNA methylation signatures and the transcriptional program of IECs after birth. It indicates that the gut microbiota dynamically modulates large portions of the epithelial transcriptome during postnatal development, but targets only a subset of microbially responsive genes through their DNA methylation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hung Pan
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Felix Sommer
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 41345, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maren Falk-Paulsen
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Ulas
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, LIMES-Institute, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lena Best
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Antonella Fazio
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Priyadarshini Kachroo
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anne Luzius
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marlene Jentzsch
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ateequr Rehman
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Fabian Müller
- Max Planck Institute for Informatics, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Thomas Lengauer
- Max Planck Institute for Informatics, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Graduate School of Computer Science, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jörn Walter
- Department of Genetics, University of Saarland, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Sven Künzel
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - John F Baines
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Evolutionary Genomics, August-Thienemann-Str. 2, 24306, Plön, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Joachim L Schultze
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, LIMES-Institute, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
- Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics (PRECISE), German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 41345, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
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The Factor Inhibiting HIF Asparaginyl Hydroxylase Regulates Oxidative Metabolism and Accelerates Metabolic Adaptation to Hypoxia. Cell Metab 2018; 27:898-913.e7. [PMID: 29617647 PMCID: PMC5887987 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Animals require an immediate response to oxygen availability to allow rapid shifts between oxidative and glycolytic metabolism. These metabolic shifts are highly regulated by the HIF transcription factor. The factor inhibiting HIF (FIH) is an asparaginyl hydroxylase that controls HIF transcriptional activity in an oxygen-dependent manner. We show here that FIH loss increases oxidative metabolism, while also increasing glycolytic capacity, and that this gives rise to an increase in oxygen consumption. We further show that the loss of FIH acts to accelerate the cellular metabolic response to hypoxia. Skeletal muscle expresses 50-fold higher levels of FIH than other tissues: we analyzed skeletal muscle FIH mutants and found a decreased metabolic efficiency, correlated with an increased oxidative rate and an increased rate of hypoxic response. We find that FIH, through its regulation of oxidation, acts in concert with the PHD/vHL pathway to accelerate HIF-mediated metabolic responses to hypoxia.
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Jain T, Nikolopoulou EA, Xu Q, Qu A. Hypoxia inducible factor as a therapeutic target for atherosclerosis. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 183:22-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Cowburn AS, Macias D, Summers C, Chilvers ER, Johnson RS. Cardiovascular adaptation to hypoxia and the role of peripheral resistance. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 29049022 PMCID: PMC5648530 DOI: 10.7554/elife.28755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic vascular pressure in vertebrates is regulated by a range of factors: one key element of control is peripheral resistance in tissue capillary beds. Many aspects of the relationship between central control of vascular flow and peripheral resistance are unclear. An important example of this is the relationship between hypoxic response in individual tissues, and the effect that response has on systemic cardiovascular adaptation to oxygen deprivation. We show here how hypoxic response via the HIF transcription factors in one large vascular bed, that underlying the skin, influences cardiovascular response to hypoxia in mice. We show that the response of the skin to hypoxia feeds back on a wide range of cardiovascular parameters, including heart rate, arterial pressures, and body temperature. These data represent the first demonstration of a dynamic role for oxygen sensing in a peripheral tissue directly modifying cardiovascular response to the challenge of hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Cowburn
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David Macias
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Summers
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Edwin R Chilvers
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Randall S Johnson
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Nikolić N, Görgens SW, Thoresen GH, Aas V, Eckel J, Eckardt K. Electrical pulse stimulation of cultured skeletal muscle cells as a model for in vitro exercise - possibilities and limitations. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 220:310-331. [PMID: 27863008 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The beneficial health-related effects of exercise are well recognized, and numerous studies have investigated underlying mechanism using various in vivo and in vitro models. Although electrical pulse stimulation (EPS) for the induction of muscle contraction has been used for quite some time, its application on cultured skeletal muscle cells of animal or human origin as a model of in vitro exercise is a more recent development. In this review, we compare in vivo exercise and in vitro EPS with regard to effects on signalling, expression level and metabolism. We provide a comprehensive overview of different EPS protocols and their applications, discuss technical aspects of this model including critical controls and the importance of a proper maintenance procedure and finally discuss the limitations of the EPS model.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Nikolić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences; School of Pharmacy; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - S. W. Görgens
- Paul-Langerhans-Group for Integrative Physiology; German Diabetes Center; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - G. H. Thoresen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences; School of Pharmacy; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
- Department of Pharmacology; Institute of Clinical Medicine; Faculty of Medicine; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - V. Aas
- Department of Life Sciences and Health; Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences; Oslo Norway
| | - J. Eckel
- Paul-Langerhans-Group for Integrative Physiology; German Diabetes Center; Düsseldorf Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.); Düsseldorf Germany
| | - K. Eckardt
- Department of Nutrition; Institute for Basic Medical Sciences; Faculty of Medicine; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
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Abstract
BACKGROUND We hypothesized that nicotinamide adenosine diphosphate oxidase 2 (Nox2) plays an important role in cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced chronic hypoxia. METHODS We tested this hypothesis in Fisher 344 rats, C57BL/6 J wild type and Nox2-/- mice, and in liver transplant recipients with chronic CsA nephrotoxicity. We used noninvasive molecular imaging (blood oxygen level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging) and molecular diagnostic tools to assess intrarenal oxygenation and perfusion, and the molecular phenotype of CsA nephrotoxicity. RESULTS We observed that chemical and genetic inhibition of Nox2 in rats and mice resulted in the prevention of CsA-induced hypoxia independent of regional perfusion (blood oxygen level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, pimonidazole, HIF-1α). Nicotinamide adenosine diphosphate oxidase 2 knockout was also associated with decreased oxidative stress (Nox2, HIF-1α, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxynonenal), and fibrogenesis (α-smooth muscle actin, picrosirius red, trichrome, vimentin). The molecular signature of chronic CsA nephrotoxicity using transcriptomic analyses demonstrated significant changes in 40 genes involved in injury repair, metabolism, and oxidative stress in Nox2-/- mice. Immunohistochemical analyses of kidney biopsies from liver transplant recipients with chronic CsA nephrotoxicity showed significantly greater Nox2, α-smooth muscle actin and picrosirius levels compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS These studies suggest that Nox2 is a modulator of CsA-induced hypoxia upstream of HIF-1α and define the molecular characteristics that could be used for the diagnosis and monitoring of chronic calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity.
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Therapeutic targeting of the HIF oxygen-sensing pathway: Lessons learned from clinical studies. Exp Cell Res 2017; 356:160-165. [PMID: 28483447 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The oxygen-sensitive hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway plays a central role in the control of erythropoiesis and iron metabolism. The discovery of prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) proteins as key regulators of HIF activity has led to the development of inhibitory compounds that are now in phase 3 clinical development for the treatment of renal anemia, a condition that is commonly found in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. This review provides a concise overview of clinical effects associated with pharmacologic PHD inhibition and was written in memory of Professor Lorenz Poellinger.
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46
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Nunomiya A, Shin J, Kitajima Y, Dan T, Miyata T, Nagatomi R. Activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor pathway induced by prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 deficiency enhances the effect of running training in mice. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 220:99-112. [PMID: 27393382 PMCID: PMC5412909 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Hypoxic response mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) seems to contribute to the benefit of endurance training. To verify the direct contribution of HIF activation to running training without exposure to atmospheric hypoxia, we used prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 (PHD2) conditional knockout mice (cKO), which exhibit HIF activation independent of oxygen concentration, and we examined their maximal exercise capacity before and after 4 weeks of treadmill exercise training. METHODS Phd2f/f mice (n = 26) and Phd2 cKO mice (n = 24) were randomly divided into two groups, trained and untrained, and were subjected to maximal running test before and after a 4-week treadmill-training regimen. RESULTS Prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 deficiency resulted in HIF-α protein accumulation. Phd2 cKO mice exhibited marked increases in haematocrit values and haemoglobin concentrations, as well as an increase in the capillary number in the skeletal muscle. The 4-week training elicited an increase in the capillary-to-fibre (C/F) ratio and succinyl dehydrogenase activity of the skeletal muscle. Importantly, trained Phd2 cKO mice showed a significantly greater improvement in running time than trained control mice (P < 0.05). Collectively, these data suggest that the combination of training and the activation of the HIF pathway are important for maximizing the effect of running training. CONCLUSION We conclude that the activation of the HIF pathway induced by PHD2 deficiency enhances the effect of running training.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Nunomiya
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise; Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; Sendai Japan
| | - J. Shin
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare; Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering; Sendai Japan
| | - Y. Kitajima
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare; Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering; Sendai Japan
| | - T. Dan
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Therapy; United Centers for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine; Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; Sendai Japan
| | - T. Miyata
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Therapy; United Centers for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine; Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; Sendai Japan
| | - R. Nagatomi
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise; Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; Sendai Japan
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare; Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering; Sendai Japan
- Center for Sports Medicine and Science; United Centers for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine; Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; Sendai Japan
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He F, Zhu G, Wang YY, Zhao XM, Huang DS. PCID: A Novel Approach for Predicting Disease Comorbidity by Integrating Multi-Scale Data. IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS 2017; 14:678-686. [PMID: 27076462 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2016.2550443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Disease comorbidity is the presence of one or more diseases along with a primary disorder, which causes additional pain to patients and leads to the failure of standard treatments compared with single diseases. Therefore, the identification of potential comorbidity can help prevent those comorbid diseases when treating a primary disease. Unfortunately, most of current known disease comorbidities are discovered occasionally in clinic, and our knowledge about comorbidity is far from complete. Despite the fact that many efforts have been made to predict disease comorbidity, the prediction accuracy of existing computational approaches needs to be improved. By investigating the factors underlying disease comorbidity, e.g., mutated genes and rewired protein-protein interactions (PPIs), we here present a novel algorithm to predict disease comorbidity by integrating multi-scale data ranging from genes to phenotypes. Benchmark results on real data show that our approach outperforms existing algorithms, and some of our novel predictions are validated with those reported in literature, indicating the effectiveness and predictive power of our approach. In addition, we identify some pathway and PPI patterns that underlie the co-occurrence between a primary disease and certain disease classes, which can help explain how the comorbidity is initiated from molecular perspectives.
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Zhou M, Lu S, Lu G, Huang J, Liu L, An S, Li Z, Shen H. Effects of remote ischemic post‑conditioning on fracture healing in rats. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:3186-3192. [PMID: 28339014 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Remote ischemic post‑conditioning (RIPC) is an established method to activate the hypoxia‑inducible factor‑1α (HIF‑1α) pathway, which is involved in the impairment of fracture healing. However, the role of RIPC in fracture healing remains to be fully elucidated. In the present study, rats received fractures and were divided into two groups: Control and RIPC, in which hind limb occlusion was performed. Rats were sacrificed at 7, 14, 28 and 42 days subsequent to tibial fracture. Micro‑computed tomography was performed to measure healing of the bone tissue and biomechanical testing was used to test mechanical strength. In addition, the effects of hind limb occlusion on the expression of two primary angiogenic mediators, HIF‑1α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), as well as the osteoblast markers runt‑related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN), were determined at the mRNA and protein levels by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Systemic administration of hind limb occlusion (3 cycles/day, with each occlusion or release phase lasting 10 min) significantly promoted fracture healing and mechanical strength. The present study demonstrated that in rats treated with hind limb occlusion, the expression of HIF‑1α, VEGF, Runx2, ALP and OCN was significantly increased at the mRNA and protein levels, and that RIPC enhances fracture repair in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Shibao Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Guowei Lu
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Limin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Shuai An
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Huiliang Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
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Wang B, Ning H, Reed-Maldonado AB, Zhou J, Ruan Y, Zhou T, Wang HS, Oh BS, Banie L, Lin G, Lue TF. Low-Intensity Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy Enhances Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Expression through PERK/ATF4 Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18020433. [PMID: 28212323 PMCID: PMC5343967 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (Li-ESWT) is used in the treatment of erectile dysfunction, but its mechanisms are not well understood. Previously, we found that Li-ESWT increased the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Here we assessed the underlying signaling pathways in Schwann cells in vitro and in penis tissue in vivo after nerve injury. The result indicated that BDNF were significantly increased by the Li-ESWT after nerve injury, as well as the expression of BDNF in Schwann cells (SCs, RT4-D6P2T) in vitro. Li-ESWT activated the protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum (ER) kinase (PERK) pathway by increasing the phosphorylation levels of PERK and eukaryotic initiation factor 2a (eIF2α), and enhanced activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) in an energy-dependent manner. In addition, GSK2656157—an inhibitor of PERK—effectively inhibited the effect of Li-ESWT on the phosphorylation of PERK, eIF2α, and the expression of ATF4. Furthermore, silencing ATF4 dramatically attenuated the effect of Li-ESWT on the expression of BDNF, but had no effect on hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)1α or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in Schwann cells. In conclusion, our findings shed new light on the underlying mechanisms by which Li-ESWT may stimulate the expression of BDNF through activation of PERK/ATF4 signaling pathway. This information may help to refine the use of Li-ESWT to further improve its clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Wang
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Hongxiu Ning
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Amanda B Reed-Maldonado
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Jun Zhou
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Yajun Ruan
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Tie Zhou
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Hsun Shuan Wang
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Byung Seok Oh
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Lia Banie
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Guiting Lin
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Tom F Lue
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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Abreu P, Leal-Cardoso JH, Ceccatto VM. ADAPTAÇÃO DO MÚSCULO ESQUELÉTICO AO EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO: CONSIDERAÇÕES MOLECULARES E ENERGÉTICAS. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-869220172301167371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Os benefícios para a saúde e as adaptações fisiológicas ao exercício regular são amplamente conhecidos e, com o advento das ciências ômicas e moleculares, revelou-se uma complexa rede de vias de sinalização e moléculas reguladoras que coordenam a resposta adaptativa do músculo esquelético ao exercício. As mudanças orgânicas transientes, porém, são cumulativas no pós-exercício. Elas incluem, de forma principal, a transcrição de genes relacionados aos fatores regulatórios da miogênese, ao metabolismo de carboidratos, à mobilização de gorduras, ao transporte e oxidação de substratos, ao metabolismo mitocondrial através da fosforilação oxidativa e, por fim, à regulação transcricional de genes envolvidos na biogênese mitocondrial. Tendo em vista o grande impacto científico, resumiram-se neste trabalho, além de algumas das principais respostas moleculares sofridas pelo músculo esquelético com o exercício físico, fatores que coordenam a plasticidade muscular para o ganho de desempenho. Foram citadas dezenas de biomarcadores ligados a alguns aspectos moleculares das adaptações do músculo esquelético ao exercício físico, algumas principais vias sinalizadoras e o papel mitocondrial, revelando alguns novos paradigmas para o entendimento desta área científica.
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