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Fiadeiro MB, Diogo JC, Silva AA, Kim YS, Cristóvão AC. NADPH Oxidases in Neurodegenerative Disorders: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024; 41:522-541. [PMID: 38760935 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Significance: The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX) enzyme family, located in the central nervous system, is recognized as a source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the brain. Despite its importance in cellular processes, excessive ROS generation leads to cell death and is involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. Recent advances: NOX enzymes contribute to the development of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and stroke, highlighting their potential as targets for future therapeutic development. This review will discuss NOX's contribution and therapeutic targeting potential in neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on PD, AD, ALS, and stroke. Critical issues: Homeostatic and physiological levels of ROS are crucial for regulating several processes, such as development, memory, neuronal signaling, and vascular homeostasis. However, NOX-mediated excessive ROS generation is deeply involved in the damage of DNA, proteins, and lipids, leading to cell death in the pathogenesis of a wide range of diseases, namely neurodegenerative diseases. Future directions: It is essential to understand the role of NOX homologs in neurodegenerative disorders and the pathological mechanisms undergoing neurodegeneration mediated by increased levels of ROS. This further knowledge will allow the development of new specific NOX inhibitors and their application for neurodegenerative disease therapeutics. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 41, 522-541.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana B Fiadeiro
- CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- NeuroSoV, UBIMedical, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - João C Diogo
- CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- NeuroSoV, UBIMedical, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana A Silva
- CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- NeuroSoV, UBIMedical, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Yoon-Seong Kim
- RWJMS Institute for Neurological Therapeutics, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ana C Cristóvão
- CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- NeuroSoV, UBIMedical, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
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Hecht F, Valerio L, Gonçalves CFL, Harinquet M, Ameziane El Hassani R, Carvalho DP, Koundrioukoff S, Cadoret JC, Dupuy C. A post-irradiation-induced replication stress promotes RET proto-oncogene breakage. Eur Thyroid J 2024; 13:e240028. [PMID: 39047147 PMCID: PMC11378124 DOI: 10.1530/etj-24-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Ionizing radiation generates genomic instability by promoting the accumulation of chromosomal rearrangements. The oncogenic translocation RET/PTC1 is present in more than 70% of radiation-induced thyroid cancers. Both RET and CCDC6, the genes implicated in RET/PTC1, are found within common fragile sites - chromosomal regions prone to DNA breakage during slight replication stress. Given that irradiated cells become more susceptible to genomic destabilization due to the accumulation of replication-stress-related double-strand breaks (DSBs), we explored whether RET and CCDC6 exhibit DNA breakage under replicative stress several days post-irradiation of thyroid cells. Methods We analyzed the dynamic of DNA replication in human thyroid epithelial cells (HThy-ori-3.1) 4 days post a 5-Gy exposure using molecular DNA combing. The DNA replication schedule was evaluated through replication-timing experiments. We implemented a ChIP-qPCR assay to determine whether the RET and CCDC6 genes break following irradiation. Results Our study indicates that replicative stress, occurring several days post-irradiation in thyroid cells, primarily causes DSBs in the RET gene. We discovered that both the RET and CCDC6 genes undergo late replication in thyroid cells. However, only RET's replication rate is notably delayed after irradiation. Conclusion The findings suggest that post-irradiation in the RET gene causes a breakage in the replication fork, which could potentially invade another genomic area, including CCDC6. As a result, this could greatly contribute to the high prevalence of chromosomal RET/PTC rearrangements seen in patients exposed to external radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Hecht
- Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
- UMR 9019 CNRS F-94805 Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Laura Valerio
- Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
- UMR 9019 CNRS F-94805 Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Marylin Harinquet
- Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
- UMR 9019 CNRS F-94805 Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Rabii Ameziane El Hassani
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Pathologies Humaines ‘BioPatH’, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, Faculté des Sciences, BP1014 Rabat, 10001, Morocco
| | - Denise P Carvalho
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, nstituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Stephane Koundrioukoff
- UMR 9019 CNRS F-94805 Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | | | - Corinne Dupuy
- Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
- UMR 9019 CNRS F-94805 Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
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3
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Wang S, Nikamo P, Laasonen L, Gudbjornsson B, Ejstrup L, Iversen L, Lindqvist U, Alm JJ, Eisfeldt J, Zheng X, Catrina SB, Taylan F, Vaz R, Ståhle M, Tapia-Paez I. Rare coding variants in NOX4 link high ROS levels to psoriatic arthritis mutilans. EMBO Mol Med 2024; 16:596-615. [PMID: 38379095 PMCID: PMC10940640 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00035-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriatic arthritis mutilans (PAM) is the rarest and most severe form of psoriatic arthritis, characterized by erosions of the small joints and osteolysis leading to joint disruption. Despite its severity, the underlying mechanisms are unknown, and no susceptibility genes have hitherto been identified. We aimed to investigate the genetic basis of PAM by performing massive parallel sequencing in sixty-one patients from the PAM Nordic cohort. We found rare variants in the NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) in four patients. In silico predictions show that the identified variants are potentially damaging. NOXs are the only enzymes producing reactive oxygen species (ROS). NOX4 is specifically involved in the differentiation of osteoclasts, the cells implicated in bone resorption. Functional follow-up studies using cell culture, zebrafish models, and measurement of ROS in patients uncovered that these NOX4 variants increase ROS levels both in vitro and in vivo. We propose NOX4 as the first candidate susceptibility gene for PAM. Our study links high levels of ROS caused by NOX4 variants to the development of PAM, offering a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sailan Wang
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Nikamo
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leena Laasonen
- Helsinki Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bjorn Gudbjornsson
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Leif Ejstrup
- Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lars Iversen
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ulla Lindqvist
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jessica J Alm
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology & National Pandemic Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesper Eisfeldt
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiaowei Zheng
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sergiu-Bogdan Catrina
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Diabetes, Academic Specialist Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fulya Taylan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Raquel Vaz
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mona Ståhle
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Dermatology and Venereology Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Isabel Tapia-Paez
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Gorini F, Tonacci A. Tumor Microbial Communities and Thyroid Cancer Development-The Protective Role of Antioxidant Nutrients: Application Strategies and Future Directions. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1898. [PMID: 37891977 PMCID: PMC10604861 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC), the most frequent malignancy of the endocrine system, has recorded an increasing incidence in the last decades. The etiology of TC remains at least partly unknown and, among modifiable risk factors, the gut microbiota and dietary nutrients (vitamins, essential microelements, polyphenols, probiotics) have been recognized to not only influence thyroid function, but exert critical effects on TC development and progression. Recent discoveries on the existence of tumor microbiota also in the TC microenvironment provide further evidence for the essential role of tumor microorganisms in TC etiology and severity, as well as acting as prognostic markers and as a potential target of adjuvant care in the treatment of TC patients. Therefore, in this review, we summarize current knowledge on the relationship of the tumor microbiome with the clinical tumor characteristics and TC progression, also illustrating the molecular mechanisms underlying this association, and how antioxidant nutrients may be used as a novel strategy to both control gut health and reduce the risk for TC. Furthermore, we discuss how new technologies might be exploited for the development of new foods with high nutritional values, antioxidant capability, and even attractiveness to the individual in terms of sensory and emotional features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gorini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
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Yu Z, Xu C, Song B, Zhang S, Chen C, Li C, Zhang S. Tissue fibrosis induced by radiotherapy: current understanding of the molecular mechanisms, diagnosis and therapeutic advances. J Transl Med 2023; 21:708. [PMID: 37814303 PMCID: PMC10563272 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04554-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains the leading cause of death around the world. In cancer treatment, over 50% of cancer patients receive radiotherapy alone or in multimodal combinations with other therapies. One of the adverse consequences after radiation exposure is the occurrence of radiation-induced tissue fibrosis (RIF), which is characterized by the abnormal activation of myofibroblasts and the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix. This phenotype can manifest in multiple organs, such as lung, skin, liver and kidney. In-depth studies on the mechanisms of radiation-induced fibrosis have shown that a variety of extracellular signals such as immune cells and abnormal release of cytokines, and intracellular signals such as cGAS/STING, oxidative stress response, metabolic reprogramming and proteasome pathway activation are involved in the activation of myofibroblasts. Tissue fibrosis is extremely harmful to patients' health and requires early diagnosis. In addition to traditional serum markers, histologic and imaging tests, the diagnostic potential of nuclear medicine techniques is emerging. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant therapies are the traditional treatments for radiation-induced fibrosis. Recently, some promising therapeutic strategies have emerged, such as stem cell therapy and targeted therapies. However, incomplete knowledge of the mechanisms hinders the treatment of this disease. Here, we also highlight the potential mechanistic, diagnostic and therapeutic directions of radiation-induced fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuxiang Yu
- Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chaoyu Xu
- Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Bin Song
- Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, 610051, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (Mianyang Central Hospital), Mianyang, 621099, China
| | - Shihao Zhang
- Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221200, China
| | - Changlong Li
- Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, 610051, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (Mianyang Central Hospital), Mianyang, 621099, China.
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Dang H, Sheng J, Tang P, Peng X, Zhang R, Zhao X, Hu J, Xu T. The role and mechanism of NADPH oxidase in the development and progression of thyroid carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:4366-4375. [PMID: 37818067 PMCID: PMC10560939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the fastest increasing cancer in both men and women and is the most common endocrine cancer. Researchers have gradually intensified their research on the mechanism of thyroid cancer development. Within this realm, Oxidative stress is often believed to play a causal and contributory role in thyroid cancer development. NADPH oxidase is one of the important sources of reactive oxygen species for tumor cell growth and is involved in the biological processes of thyroid tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. However, the mechanism of NADPH oxidase in the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer is still not very clear at present. Clarifying the role and mechanism of NADPH oxidase in the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer will help to develop new strategies for the prevention and treatment of thyroid cancer as early as possible, and improve the survival rates of thyroid tumor patients. This article reviews the research progress on the mechanism of NADPH oxidase in thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Dang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Hospital of Mianyang (Sichuan Mental Health Center)No. 190 The East Jiannan Road, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianfeng Sheng
- Department of Thyroid, Head, Neck and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Third Hospital of Mianyang (Sichuan Mental Health Center)No. 190 The East Jiannan Road, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Tang
- Department of Thyroid, Head, Neck and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Third Hospital of Mianyang (Sichuan Mental Health Center)No. 190 The East Jiannan Road, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiujuan Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Hospital of Mianyang (Sichuan Mental Health Center)No. 190 The East Jiannan Road, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan, China
| | - Renfei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Hospital of Mianyang (Sichuan Mental Health Center)No. 190 The East Jiannan Road, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoji Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Hospital of Mianyang (Sichuan Mental Health Center)No. 190 The East Jiannan Road, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Thyroid, Head, Neck and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Third Hospital of Mianyang (Sichuan Mental Health Center)No. 190 The East Jiannan Road, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Thyroid, Head, Neck and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Third Hospital of Mianyang (Sichuan Mental Health Center)No. 190 The East Jiannan Road, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan, China
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Steers GJ, O’Leary BR, Du J, Wagner BA, Carroll RS, Domann FE, Goswami PC, Buettner GR, Cullen JJ. Pharmacologic Ascorbate and DNMT Inhibitors Increase DUOX Expression and Peroxide-Mediated Toxicity in Pancreatic Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1683. [PMID: 37759986 PMCID: PMC10525653 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated an important role for vitamin C in the epigenetic regulation of cancer-related genes via DNA demethylation by the ten-eleven translocation (TET) methylcytosine dioxygenase enzymes. DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) reverses this, increasing DNA methylation and decreasing gene expression. Dual oxidase (DUOX) enzymes produce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in normal pancreatic tissue but are silenced in pancreatic cancer (PDAC). Treatment of PDAC with pharmacologic ascorbate (P-AscH-, intravenous, high dose vitamin C) increases DUOX expression. We hypothesized that inhibiting DNMT may act synergistically with P-AscH- to further increase DUOX expression and cytotoxicity of PDAC. PDAC cells demonstrated dose-dependent increases in DUOX mRNA and protein expression when treated with DNMT inhibitors. PDAC cells treated with P-AscH- + DNMT inhibitors demonstrated increased DUOX expression, increased intracellular oxidation, and increased cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo compared to either treatment alone. These findings suggest a potential therapeutic, epigenetic mechanism to treat PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garett J. Steers
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (G.J.S.); (B.R.O.); (J.D.); (B.A.W.); (R.S.C.); (F.E.D.); (P.C.G.); (G.R.B.)
- The Department of Surgery, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Brianne R. O’Leary
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (G.J.S.); (B.R.O.); (J.D.); (B.A.W.); (R.S.C.); (F.E.D.); (P.C.G.); (G.R.B.)
- The Department of Surgery, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Juan Du
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (G.J.S.); (B.R.O.); (J.D.); (B.A.W.); (R.S.C.); (F.E.D.); (P.C.G.); (G.R.B.)
- The Department of Surgery, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Brett A. Wagner
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (G.J.S.); (B.R.O.); (J.D.); (B.A.W.); (R.S.C.); (F.E.D.); (P.C.G.); (G.R.B.)
| | - Rory S. Carroll
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (G.J.S.); (B.R.O.); (J.D.); (B.A.W.); (R.S.C.); (F.E.D.); (P.C.G.); (G.R.B.)
- The Department of Surgery, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Frederick E. Domann
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (G.J.S.); (B.R.O.); (J.D.); (B.A.W.); (R.S.C.); (F.E.D.); (P.C.G.); (G.R.B.)
| | - Prabhat C. Goswami
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (G.J.S.); (B.R.O.); (J.D.); (B.A.W.); (R.S.C.); (F.E.D.); (P.C.G.); (G.R.B.)
| | - Garry R. Buettner
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (G.J.S.); (B.R.O.); (J.D.); (B.A.W.); (R.S.C.); (F.E.D.); (P.C.G.); (G.R.B.)
| | - Joseph J. Cullen
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (G.J.S.); (B.R.O.); (J.D.); (B.A.W.); (R.S.C.); (F.E.D.); (P.C.G.); (G.R.B.)
- The Department of Surgery, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Fenniche S, Oukabli M, Oubaddou Y, Chahdi H, Damiri A, Alghuzlan A, Laraqui A, Dakka N, Bakri Y, Dupuy C, Ameziane El Hassani R. A Comparative Analysis of NOX4 Protein Expression in Malignant and Non-Malignant Thyroid Tumors. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:5811-5823. [PMID: 37504283 PMCID: PMC10378117 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45070367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The comparative analysis of the expression of the reactive oxygen species-generating NADPH oxidase NOX4 from TCGA data shows that the NOX4 transcript is upregulated in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC)-BRAFV600E tumors compared to PTC-BRAFwt tumors. However, a comparative analysis of NOX4 at the protein level in malignant and non-malignant tumors is missing. We explored NOX4 protein expression by immunohistochemistry staining in malignant tumors (28 classical forms of PTC (C-PTC), 17 follicular variants of PTC (F-PTC), and three anaplastic thyroid carcinomas (ATCs)) and in non-malignant tumors (six lymphocytic thyroiditis, four Graves' disease, ten goiters, and 20 hyperplasias). We detected the BRAFV600E mutation by Sanger sequencing and digital droplet PCR. The results show that NOX4 was found to be higher (score ≥ 2) in C-PTC (92.9%) compared to F-PTC (52.9%) and ATC (33.3%) concerning malignant tumors. Interestingly, all C-PTC-BRAFV600E expressed a high score for NOX4 at the protein level, strengthening the positive correlation between the BRAFV600E mutation and NOX4 expression. In addition, independent of the mutational status of BRAF, we observed that 90% of C-PTC infiltrating tumors showed high NOX4 expression, suggesting that NOX4 may be considered a complementary biomarker in PTC aggressiveness. Interestingly, NOX4 was highly expressed in non-malignant thyroid diseases with different subcellular localizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Fenniche
- Laboratory of Biology of Human Pathologies (BioPatH), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 1014, Morocco
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Pavillon de Recherche N°2, F-94805 Villejuif, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Paris-Saclay, F-91400 Orsay, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR9019 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Pavillon de Recherche N°2, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Mohamed Oukabli
- Service of Anatomical Pathology, Military Hospital of Instruction Mohammed V (HMIMV-R), Rabat 1014, Morocco
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10001, Morocco
| | - Yassire Oubaddou
- Laboratory of Biology of Human Pathologies (BioPatH), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 1014, Morocco
| | - Hafsa Chahdi
- Service of Anatomical Pathology, Military Hospital of Instruction Mohammed V (HMIMV-R), Rabat 1014, Morocco
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10001, Morocco
| | - Amal Damiri
- Service of Anatomical Pathology, Military Hospital of Instruction Mohammed V (HMIMV-R), Rabat 1014, Morocco
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10001, Morocco
| | - Abir Alghuzlan
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Pavillon de Recherche N°2, F-94805 Villejuif, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR9019 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Pavillon de Recherche N°2, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Abdelilah Laraqui
- Service of Anatomical Pathology, Military Hospital of Instruction Mohammed V (HMIMV-R), Rabat 1014, Morocco
| | - Nadia Dakka
- Laboratory of Biology of Human Pathologies (BioPatH), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 1014, Morocco
| | - Youssef Bakri
- Laboratory of Biology of Human Pathologies (BioPatH), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 1014, Morocco
| | - Corinne Dupuy
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Pavillon de Recherche N°2, F-94805 Villejuif, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Paris-Saclay, F-91400 Orsay, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR9019 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Pavillon de Recherche N°2, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Rabii Ameziane El Hassani
- Laboratory of Biology of Human Pathologies (BioPatH), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 1014, Morocco
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Yang L, Ma J, Lei P, Yi J, Ma Y, Huang Z, Wang T, Ping H, Ruan D, Sun D, Pan H. Advances in Antioxidant Applications for Combating 131I Side Effects in Thyroid Cancer Treatment. TOXICS 2023; 11:529. [PMID: 37368629 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11060529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine cancer, and its prevalence has been increasing for decades. Approx. 95% of differentiated thyroid carcinomas are treated using 131iodine (131I), a radionuclide with a half-life of 8 days, to achieve optimal thyroid residual ablation following thyroidectomy. However, while 131I is highly enriched in eliminating thyroid tissue, it can also retain and damage other body parts (salivary glands, liver, etc.) without selectivity, and even trigger salivary gland dysfunction, secondary cancer, and other side effects. A significant amount of data suggests that the primary mechanism for these side effects is the excessive production of reactive oxygen species, causing a severe imbalance of oxidant/antioxidant in the cellular components, resulting in secondary DNA damage and abnormal vascular permeability. Antioxidants are substances that are capable of binding free radicals and reducing or preventing the oxidation of the substrate in a significant way. These compounds can help prevent damage caused by free radicals, which can attack lipids, protein amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and double bonds of DNA bases. Based on this, the rational utilization of the free radical scavenging function of antioxidants to maximize a reduction in 131I side effects is a promising medical strategy. This review provides an overview of the side effects of 131I, the mechanisms by which 131I causes oxidative stress-mediated damage, and the potential of natural and synthetic antioxidants in ameliorating the side effects of 131I. Finally, the disadvantages of the clinical application of antioxidants and their improving strategies are prospected. Clinicians and nursing staff can use this information to alleviate 131I side effects in the future, both effectively and reasonably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Jiahui Ma
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Pengyu Lei
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jia Yi
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yilei Ma
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhongke Huang
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Tingjue Wang
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Haiyan Ping
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Danping Ruan
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Da Sun
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Hongying Pan
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
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10
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Dual Role of DUOX1-Derived Reactive Oxygen Species in Melanoma. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030708. [PMID: 36978957 PMCID: PMC10044890 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most serious type of skin cancer. Inflammation and oxidative stress play an essential role in the development of several types of cancer, including melanoma. Although oxidative stress promotes tumor growth, once cells escape from the primary tumor, they are subjected to a more hostile environment, with higher levels of oxidative stress typically killing most cancer cells. As Dual Oxidase 1 (DUOX1) is a major producer of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in epithelia, we used allotransplantation and autochthonous melanoma models in zebrafish together with in silico analysis of the occurrence and relevance of DUOX1 expression of the skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) cohort of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to address the role of this enzyme in the aggressiveness of melanoma cells in vivo. It was found that high transcript levels of the gene encoding DUOX1 were associated with the poor prognosis of patients in the early-stage melanoma of TCGA cohort. However, DUOX1 transcript levels were not found to be associated to the prognosis of late-stage SKCM patients. In addition, the transcript level of DUOX1 in metastatic SKCM was lower than in primary SKCM. Using zebrafish primary melanoma and allotransplantation models, we interrogated the role of DUOX1 in vivo. Our results confirmed a dual role of DUOX1, which restrains melanoma proliferation but promotes metastasis. As this effect is only observed in immunocompromised individuals, the immune system appears to be able to counteract this elevated metastatic potential of DUOX1-deficient melanomas.
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11
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Redox Homeostasis in Thyroid Cancer: Implications in Na +/I - Symporter (NIS) Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116129. [PMID: 35682803 PMCID: PMC9181215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Radioiodine therapy (RAI) is a standard and effective therapeutic approach for differentiated thyroid cancers (DTCs) based on the unique capacity for iodide uptake and accumulation of the thyroid gland through the Na+/I− symporter (NIS). However, around 5–15% of DTC patients may become refractory to radioiodine, which is associated with a worse prognosis. The loss of RAI avidity due to thyroid cancers is attributed to cell dedifferentiation, resulting in NIS repression by transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. Targeting the signaling pathways potentially involved in this process to induce de novo iodide uptake in refractory tumors is the rationale of “redifferentiation strategies”. Oxidative stress (OS) results from the imbalance between ROS production and depuration that favors a pro-oxidative environment, resulting from increased ROS production, decreased antioxidant defenses, or both. NIS expression and function are regulated by the cellular redox state in cancer and non-cancer contexts. In addition, OS has been implicated in thyroid tumorigenesis and thyroid cancer cell dedifferentiation. Here, we review the main aspects of redox homeostasis in thyrocytes and discuss potential ROS-dependent mechanisms involved in NIS repression in thyroid cancer.
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12
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Zoi V, Galani V, Tsekeris P, Kyritsis AP, Alexiou GA. Radiosensitization and Radioprotection by Curcumin in Glioblastoma and Other Cancers. Biomedicines 2022; 10:312. [PMID: 35203521 PMCID: PMC8869399 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy plays an important role in almost every cancer treatment. However, radiation toxicity to normal tissues, mainly due to the generation of reactive free radicals, has limited the efficacy of radiotherapy in clinical practice. Curcumin has been reported to possess significant antitumor properties. Although curcumin can sensitize cancer cells to irradiation, healthy cells are much less sensitive to this effect, and thus, curcumin is thought to be a potent, yet safe anti-cancer agent. In this review, a summary of the role of curcumin as both a radiosensitizer and radioprotector has been presented, based on the most recent data from the experimental and clinical evaluation of curcumin in different cancer cell lines, animal models, and human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Zoi
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (V.Z.); (A.P.K.)
| | - Vasiliki Galani
- Department of Anatomy Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Pericles Tsekeris
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Athanasios P. Kyritsis
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (V.Z.); (A.P.K.)
| | - George A. Alexiou
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (V.Z.); (A.P.K.)
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13
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Javed K, Rakha A, Butt MS, Faisal MN. Probing the antioxidant potential of
Juglans regia
(walnut) against arthritis‐induced oxidative stress in
Sprague Dawley
rats. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14082. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Komal Javed
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Food Nutrition and Home Sciences University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Allah Rakha
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Food Nutrition and Home Sciences University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Masood Sadiq Butt
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Food Nutrition and Home Sciences University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Faisal
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
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14
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McDew-White M, Lee E, Alvarez X, Sestak K, Ling BJ, Byrareddy SN, Okeoma CM, Mohan M. Cannabinoid control of gingival immune activation in chronically SIV-infected rhesus macaques involves modulation of the indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase-1 pathway and salivary microbiome. EBioMedicine 2022; 75:103769. [PMID: 34954656 PMCID: PMC8715300 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HIV/SIV-associated periodontal disease (gingivitis/periodontitis) (PD) represents a major comorbidity affecting people living with HIV (PLWH) on combination anti-retroviral therapy (cART). PD is characterized by chronic inflammation and dysbiosis. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms and use of feasible therapeutic strategies to reduce/reverse inflammation and dysbiosis remain understudied and unaddressed. METHODS Employing a systems biology approach, we report molecular, metabolome and microbiome changes underlying PD and its modulation by phytocannabinoids [delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC)] in uninfected and SIV-infected rhesus macaques (RMs) untreated (VEH-untreated/SIV) or treated with vehicle (VEH/SIV) or Δ9-THC (THC/SIV). FINDINGS VEH- untreated/SIV but not THC/SIV RMs showed significant enrichment of genes linked to anti-viral defense, interferon-β, NFκB, RIG-1, and JAK-STAT signaling. We focused on the anti-microbial DUOX1 and immune activation marker IDO1 that were reciprocally regulated in the gingiva of VEH-untreated/SIV RMs. Both proteins localized to the gingival epithelium and CD163+ macrophages, and showed differential expression in the gingiva of THC/SIV and VEH/SIV RMs. Additionally, inflammation-associated miR-21, miR-142-3p, miR-223, and miR-125a-5p showed significantly higher expression in the gingiva of VEH/SIV RMs. In human primary gingival epithelial cells, miR-125a-5p post-transcriptionally downregulated DUOX1 and THC inhibited IDO1 protein expression through a cannabinoid receptor-2 mediated mechanism. Interestingly, THC/SIV RMs showed relatively reduced plasma levels of kynurenine, kynurenate, and the neurotoxic quinolinate compared to VEH/SIV RMs at 5 months post SIV infection (MPI). Most importantly, THC blocked HIV/SIV-induced depletion of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, and reduced Gammaproteobacteria abundance in saliva. Reduced IDO1 protein expression was associated with significantly (p<0.05) higher abundance of Prevotella, Lactobacillus (L. salivarius, L. buchneri, L. fermentum, L. paracasei, L. rhamnosus, L. johnsonii) and Bifidobacteria and reduced abundance of the pathogenic Porphyromonas cangingivalis and Porphyromonas macacae at 5MPI. INTERPRETATION The data provides deeper insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying HIV/SIV-induced PD and more importantly, the anti-inflammatory and anti-dysbiotic properties of THC in the oral cavity. Overall, these translational findings suggest that phytocannabinoids may help reduce gingival/systemic inflammation, salivary dysbiosis and potentially metabolic disease/syndrome in PLWH on cART and those with no access to cART or do not suppress the virus under cART. FUNDING Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institutes of Health Award Numbers R01DA052845 (MM and SNB), R01DA050169 (MM and CO), R01DA042524 and R56DE026930 (MM), and P51OD011104 and P51OD011133. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina McDew-White
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, Southwest National Primate Research Center, 8715 West Military Road, San Antonio, TX 78227, United States
| | - Eunhee Lee
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, Southwest National Primate Research Center, 8715 West Military Road, San Antonio, TX 78227, United States
| | - Xavier Alvarez
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, Southwest National Primate Research Center, 8715 West Military Road, San Antonio, TX 78227, United States
| | - Karol Sestak
- PreCliniTria, LLC., Mandeville, LA 70471, United States; Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington LA 70433, United States
| | - Binhua J Ling
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, Southwest National Primate Research Center, 8715 West Military Road, San Antonio, TX 78227, United States
| | - Siddappa N Byrareddy
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Chioma M Okeoma
- Department of Pharmacology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8651, United States
| | - Mahesh Mohan
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, Southwest National Primate Research Center, 8715 West Military Road, San Antonio, TX 78227, United States.
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15
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Salovska B, Kondelova A, Pimkova K, Liblova Z, Pribyl M, Fabrik I, Bartek J, Vajrychova M, Hodny Z. Peroxiredoxin 6 protects irradiated cells from oxidative stress and shapes their senescence-associated cytokine landscape. Redox Biol 2021; 49:102212. [PMID: 34923300 PMCID: PMC8688892 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a complex stress response defined as an essentially irreversible cell cycle arrest mediated by the inhibition of cell cycle-specific cyclin dependent kinases. The imbalance in redox homeostasis and oxidative stress have been repeatedly observed as one of the hallmarks of the senescent phenotype. However, a large-scale study investigating protein oxidation and redox signaling in senescent cells in vitro has been lacking. Here we applied a proteome-wide analysis using SILAC-iodoTMT workflow to quantitatively estimate the level of protein sulfhydryl oxidation and proteome level changes in ionizing radiation-induced senescence (IRIS) in hTERT-RPE-1 cells. We observed that senescent cells mobilized the antioxidant system to buffer the increased oxidation stress. Among the antioxidant proteins with increased relative abundance in IRIS, a unique 1-Cys peroxiredoxin family member, peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6), was identified as an important contributor to protection against oxidative stress. PRDX6 silencing increased ROS production in senescent cells, decreased their resistance to oxidative stress-induced cell death, and impaired their viability. Subsequent SILAC-iodoTMT and secretome analysis after PRDX6 silencing showed the downregulation of PRDX6 in IRIS affected protein secretory pathways, decreased expression of extracellular matrix proteins, and led to unexpected attenuation of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The latter was exemplified by decreased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 which was also confirmed after treatment with an inhibitor of PRDX6 iPLA2 activity, MJ33. In conclusion, by combining different methodological approaches we discovered a novel role of PRDX6 in senescent cell viability and SASP development. Our results suggest PRDX6 could have a potential as a drug target for senolytic or senomodulatory therapy. SILAC-iodoTMT is a powerful tool to quantify redox imbalance in IRIS. Senescence in hTERT-RPE-1 cells is not accompanied by bulk cysteine oxidation. Antioxidant proteins are upregulated in senescent hTERT-RPE-1 cells. PRDX6 silencing affects redox homeostasis and viability of senescent cells. PRDX6 silencing alters secretome of senescent RPE-1 cells and suppresses IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Salovska
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandra Kondelova
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Pimkova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; BIOCEV, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Liblova
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Pribyl
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Fabrik
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Bartek
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Genome Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Vajrychova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Zdenek Hodny
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
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16
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Wei J, Zhao Q, Zhang Y, Shi W, Wang H, Zheng Z, Meng L, Xin Y, Jiang X. Sulforaphane-Mediated Nrf2 Activation Prevents Radiation-Induced Skin Injury through Inhibiting the Oxidative-Stress-Activated DNA Damage and NLRP3 Inflammasome. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111850. [PMID: 34829721 PMCID: PMC8614868 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This article mainly observed the protective effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on radiation-induced skin injury (RISI). In addition, we will discuss the mechanism of SFN's protection on RISI. The RISI model was established by the irradiation of the left thigh under intravenous anesthesia. Thirty-two C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into control group (CON), SFN group, irradiation (IR) group, and IR plus SFN (IR/SFN) group. At eight weeks after irradiation, the morphological changes of mouse skin tissues were detected by H&E staining. Then, the oxidative stress and inflammatory response indexes in mouse skin tissues, as well as the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant genes, were evaluated by ELISA, real-time PCR, and Western blotting. The H&E staining showed the hyperplasia of fibrous tissue in the mouse dermis and hypodermis of the IR group. Western blotting and ELISA results showed that the inflammasome of NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1β, as well as oxidative stress damage indicators ROS, 4-HNE, and 3-NT, in the skin tissues of mice in the IR group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). However, the above pathological changes declined sharply after SFN treatment (p < 0.05). In addition, the expressions of Nrf2 and its regulated antioxidant enzymes, including CAT and HO-1, were higher in the skin tissues of SFN and IR/SFN groups, but lower in the control and IR groups (p < 0.05). SFN may be able to suppress the oxidative stress by upregulating the expression and function of Nrf2, and subsequently inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and DNA damage, so as to prevent and alleviate the RISI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Wei
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (J.W.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Z.); (W.S.); (H.W.); (Z.Z.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (J.W.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Z.); (W.S.); (H.W.); (Z.Z.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yuyu Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (J.W.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Z.); (W.S.); (H.W.); (Z.Z.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Weiyan Shi
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (J.W.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Z.); (W.S.); (H.W.); (Z.Z.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (J.W.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Z.); (W.S.); (H.W.); (Z.Z.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Zheng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (J.W.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Z.); (W.S.); (H.W.); (Z.Z.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Lingbin Meng
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Ying Xin
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Correspondence: (Y.X.); ; (X.J.); Tel.: +86-13504310452 (Y.X.); +86-15804302750 (X.J.)
| | - Xin Jiang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (J.W.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Z.); (W.S.); (H.W.); (Z.Z.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Correspondence: (Y.X.); ; (X.J.); Tel.: +86-13504310452 (Y.X.); +86-15804302750 (X.J.)
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17
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Fu X, Tang J, Wen P, Huang Z, Najafi M. Redox interactions-induced cardiac toxicity in cancer therapy. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 708:108952. [PMID: 34097901 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or targeted cancer therapy are exposed to the risk of several side effects because of the heavy production of ROS by ionizing radiation or some chemotherapy drugs. Damages to DNA, mitochondria, membrane and other organelles within normal tissue cells such as cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells lead to the release of some toxins which are associated with triggering inflammatory cells to release several types of cytokines, chemokines, ROS, and RNS. The release of some molecules following radiotherapy or chemotherapy stimulates reduction/oxidation (redox) reactions. Redox reactions cause remarkable changes in the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Excessive production of ROS and RNS or suppression of antioxidant defense enzymes leads to damage to critical macromolecules, which may continue for long times. Increased levels of some cytokines and oxidative injury are hallmarks of heart injury following cancer therapy. Redox reactions may be involved in several heart disorders such as fibrosis, cardiomyopathy, and endothelium injury. In the current review, we explain the cellular and molecular mechanisms of redox interactions following radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted cancer therapy. Afterward, we explain the evidence of the involvement of redox reactions in heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Fu
- College of Basic Medicine, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, China
| | - Juan Tang
- College of Basic Medicine, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, China
| | - Ping Wen
- College of Basic Medicine, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, China
| | - Zezhi Huang
- Shaoyang Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology Diagnosis, Shaoyang, 422000, China.
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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18
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Meziani L, Gerbé de Thoré M, Hamon P, Bockel S, Louzada RA, Clemenson C, Corre R, Liu W, Dupuy C, Mondini M, Deutsch E. Dual oxidase 1 limits the IFNγ-associated antitumor effect of macrophages. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2020-000622. [PMID: 32571996 PMCID: PMC7307581 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-000622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Macrophages play pivotal roles in tumor progression and the response to anticancer therapies, including radiotherapy (RT). Dual oxidase (DUOX) 1 is a transmembrane enzyme that plays a critical role in oxidant generation. Methods Since we found DUOX1 expression in macrophages from human lung samples exposed to ionizing radiation, we aimed to assess the involvement of DUOX1 in macrophage activation and the role of these macrophages in tumor development. Results Using Duox1−/− mice, we demonstrated that the lack of DUOX1 in proinflammatory macrophages improved the antitumor effect of these cells. Furthermore, intratumoral injection of Duox1−/− proinflammatory macrophages significantly enhanced the antitumor effect of RT. Mechanistically, DUOX1 deficiency increased the production of proinflammatory cytokines (IFNγ, CXCL9, CCL3 and TNFα) by activated macrophages in vitro and the expression of major histocompatibility complex class II in the membranes of macrophages. We also demonstrated that DUOX1 was involved in the phagocytotic function of macrophages in vitro and in vivo. The antitumor effect of Duox1−/− macrophages was associated with a significant increase in IFNγ production by both lymphoid and myeloid immune cells. Conclusions Our data indicate that DUOX1 is a new target for macrophage reprogramming and suggest that DUOX1 inhibition in macrophages combined with RT is a new therapeutic strategy for the management of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Meziani
- INSERM U1030, Molecular Radiotherapy, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France .,Labex LERMIT, DHU TORINO, SIRIC SOCRATE, Villejuif, France
| | - Marine Gerbé de Thoré
- INSERM U1030, Molecular Radiotherapy, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Labex LERMIT, DHU TORINO, SIRIC SOCRATE, Villejuif, France
| | - Pauline Hamon
- INSERM U1030, Molecular Radiotherapy, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Labex LERMIT, DHU TORINO, SIRIC SOCRATE, Villejuif, France
| | - Sophie Bockel
- INSERM U1030, Molecular Radiotherapy, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Labex LERMIT, DHU TORINO, SIRIC SOCRATE, Villejuif, France
| | - Ruy A Louzada
- CNRS UMR 8200, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Céline Clemenson
- INSERM U1030, Molecular Radiotherapy, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Labex LERMIT, DHU TORINO, SIRIC SOCRATE, Villejuif, France
| | - Raphaël Corre
- CNRS UMR 8200, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Winchygn Liu
- INSERM U1030, Molecular Radiotherapy, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Labex LERMIT, DHU TORINO, SIRIC SOCRATE, Villejuif, France
| | - Corinne Dupuy
- CNRS UMR 8200, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Michele Mondini
- INSERM U1030, Molecular Radiotherapy, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Labex LERMIT, DHU TORINO, SIRIC SOCRATE, Villejuif, France
| | - Eric Deutsch
- INSERM U1030, Molecular Radiotherapy, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Labex LERMIT, DHU TORINO, SIRIC SOCRATE, Villejuif, France.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
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19
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Schiffers C, Lundblad LKA, Hristova M, Habibovic A, Dustin CM, Daphtary N, Aliyeva M, Seward DJ, Janssen-Heininger YMW, Wouters EFM, Reynaert NL, van der Vliet A. Downregulation of DUOX1 function contributes to aging-related impairment of innate airway injury responses and accelerated senile emphysema. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 321:L144-L158. [PMID: 33951398 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00021.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with a gradual loss of lung function due to increased cellular senescence, decreased regenerative capacity, and impaired innate host defense. One important aspect of innate airway epithelial host defense to nonmicrobial triggers is the secretion of alarmins such as IL-33 and activation of type 2 inflammation, which were previously found to depend on activation of the NADPH oxidase (NOX) homolog DUOX1, and redox-dependent signaling pathways that promote alarmin secretion. Here, we demonstrate that normal aging of C57BL/6J mice resulted in markedly decreased lung innate epithelial type 2 responses to exogenous triggers such as the airborne allergen Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, which was associated with marked downregulation of DUOX1, as well as DUOX1-mediated redox-dependent signaling. DUOX1 deficiency was also found to accelerate age-related airspace enlargement and decline in lung function but did not consistently affect other features of lung aging such as senescence-associated inflammation. Intriguingly, observations of age-related DUOX1 downregulation and enhanced airspace enlargement due to DUOX1 deficiency in C57BL/6J mice, which lack a functional mitochondrial nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT), were much less dramatic in C57BL/6NJ mice with normal NNT function, although the latter mice also displayed impaired innate epithelial injury responses with advancing age. Overall, our findings indicate a marked aging-dependent decline in (DUOX1-dependent) innate airway injury responses to external nonmicrobial triggers, but the impact of aging on DUOX1 downregulation and its significance for age-related senile emphysema development was variable between different C57BL6 substrains, possibly related to metabolic alterations due to differences in NNT function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caspar Schiffers
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lennart K A Lundblad
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Milena Hristova
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Aida Habibovic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Christopher M Dustin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Nirav Daphtary
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Minara Aliyeva
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - David J Seward
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Yvonne M W Janssen-Heininger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Emiel F M Wouters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Ludwig Boltzman Institute for Lung Health, Vienna, Austria
| | - Niki L Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Albert van der Vliet
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
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20
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Han G, Ling R, Sun C, Wang X, Zhou Y, Yu L, Liu S. HMGB1 knockdown increases the radiosensitivity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating the expression of molecules involved in DNA repair. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:503. [PMID: 33986864 PMCID: PMC8114541 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is an effective therapeutic strategy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, acquired radioresistance of cancer cells leads to radiotherapy failure. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of the effect of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) on the radiation sensitivity of ESCC. Small interfering RNA (si) transfection was used to generate three groups of TE-1 cells (TE-1, negative control and TE-1+siHMGB1), and the protein expression levels of HMGB1 in TE-1 cells were detected by western blotting. These groups of TE-1 cells were irradiated with different doses (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 Gy) of X-rays after transfection. Subsequently, the viability of TE-1 cells was detected using an MTT assay, and the survival fraction of TE-1 cells was observed using a colony formation assay. The apoptotic rate, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and levels of phosphorylated (p)-histone H2AX at S139 (p-γH2AX) of the cells were detected by flow cytometry. The alterations in mRNA expression levels of nicotinamide adenine nucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX)1 and NOX5 were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, while the changes in protein levels of caspase-3, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, p-p38, p-ERK1/2 and p-JNK were detected by western blotting. The results revealed that HMGB1 knockdown significantly decreased cell viability, and the apoptosis rate of TE-1 cells transfected with siHMGB1 combined with radiation treatment was increased compared with that in cells with either siHMGB1 transfection or radiation treatment alone. HMGB1 knockdown increased nicotinamide adenine nucleotide phosphate oxidase-mediated ROS production and induced DNA damage via the MAPK signaling pathway, which may promote apoptosis and radiosensitivity after radiation in TE-1 cells. In conclusion, targeting HMGB1 may represent a promising strategy to increase the efficacy of radiation therapy for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohu Han
- Department of Oncology, Jingjiang People's Hospital, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Jingjiang, Jiangsu 214500, P.R. China
| | - Rui Ling
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Changchun Sun
- Department of Oncology, Jingjiang People's Hospital, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Jingjiang, Jiangsu 214500, P.R. China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Yuepeng Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Lijiang Yu
- Department of Oncology, Jingjiang People's Hospital, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Jingjiang, Jiangsu 214500, P.R. China
| | - Shenzha Liu
- Department of Oncology, Jingjiang People's Hospital, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Jingjiang, Jiangsu 214500, P.R. China
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21
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Steers GJ, Carroll RS, O'Leary BR, Cullen JJ. Epigenetic effects of pharmacologic ascorbate. Oncotarget 2021; 12:876-877. [PMID: 33953841 PMCID: PMC8092345 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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22
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Protection Against Radiation-Induced Duox1 and Duox2 Upregulation in Rat's Lung Tissues by a Combination of Curcumin and L-Selenomethionine. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.81767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: It has been proposed that increased levels of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokines play a key role in radiation-induced lung injury. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-13 are two pro-fibrotic cytokines that promote the production of free radicals through stimulation of Duox1 and Duox2. In this experimental study, we aimed to evaluate the expression of IL4Ra1, Duox1, IL13Ra2, and Duox2 genes following rat’s lung irradiation. Objectives: Also, we detected the modulatory effect of a combination of curcumin and L-selenomethionine on the expression of these genes. Methods: Twenty male rats were divided into four groups as G1: control (no treatment or radiation); G2: treatment with a combination of curcumin and L-selenomethionine; G3: radiation; G4: radiation plus a combination of curcumin and L-selenomethionine. sixty-seven days after irradiation, rats were killed for detecting the expression of IL4Ra1, IL13Ra2, Duox1, and Duox2. Results: The results showed no detectable expression for IL13Ra2, while the expression of IL4Ra1, Duox1, and Duox2 was increased. Treatment with a combination of curcumin and L-selenomethionine could attenuate the expression of these genes. Conclusions: This study proposes that upregulation of Duox1 and Duox2 may be involved in radiation-induced lung injury. Treatment with a combination of curcumin and L-selenomethionine may be useful for the mitigation of lung injury through modulation of these genes.
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23
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Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are ubiquitous metabolic products and important cellular signaling molecules that contribute to several biological functions. Pathophysiology arises when ROS are generated either in excess or in cell types or subcellular locations that normally do not produce ROS or when non-physiological types of ROS (e.g., superoxide instead of hydrogen peroxide) are formed. In the latter scenario, antioxidants were considered as the apparent remedy but, clinically, have consistently failed and even sometimes induced harm. The obvious reason for that is the non-selective ROS scavenging effects of antioxidants which interfere with both qualities of ROS, physiological and pathological. Therefore, it is essential to overcome this "antidote or neutralizer" strategy. We here review the most promising alternative approach by identifying the disease-relevant enzymatic sources of ROS, target these selectively, but leave physiological ROS signaling through other sources intact. Among all ROS sources, NADPH oxidases (NOX1-5 and DUOX1-2) stand out as their sole function is to produce ROS, whereas most other enzymatic sources only produce ROS as a by-product or upon biochemical uncoupling or damage. This qualifies NOXs as the main potential drug-target candidates in diseases associated with dysfunction in ROS signaling. As a reflection of this, the development of several NOX inhibitors has taken place. Recently, the WHO approved a new stem, "naxib," which refers to NADPH oxidase inhibitors, and thereby recognized NOX inhibitors as a new therapeutic class. This has been announced while clinical trials with the first-in-class compound, setanaxib (initially known as GKT137831) had been initiated. We also review the differences between the seven NOX family members in terms of structure and function in health and disease and then focus on the most advanced NOX inhibitors with an exclusive focus on clinically relevant validations and applications. Therapeutically relevant NADPH oxidase isoforms type 1, 2, 4, and 5 (NOX1, NOX2, NOX4, NOX5). Of note, NOX5 is not present in mice and rats and thus pre-clinically less studied. NOX2, formerly termed gp91phox, has been correlated with many, too many, diseases and is rather relevant as genetic deficiency in chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), treated by gene therapy. Overproduction of ROS through NOX1, NOX4, and NOX5 leads to the indicated diseases states including atherosclerosis (red), a condition where NOX4 is surprisingly protective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud H Elbatreek
- Department of Pharmacology and Personalised Medicine, School of MeHNS, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | | | - Harald H H W Schmidt
- Department of Pharmacology and Personalised Medicine, School of MeHNS, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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24
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Li S, Li Z, Yin R, Nie J, Fu Y, Ying R. Knockdown of dual oxidase 1 suppresses activin A-induced fibrosis in cardiomyocytes via the reactive oxygen species-dependent pyroptotic pathway. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 131:105902. [PMID: 33309621 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2020.105902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Fibrotic diseases account for more than 8 million deaths worldwide annually. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been shown to activate pyroptosis and promote the production of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, leading to fibrosis development. However, the role of dual oxidase 1 (DUOX1)-induced ROS production and pyroptosis in cardiac fibrosis remains largely unknown. Activin A was used to induce ROS and pyroptosis in cardiomyocytes. ROS level, pyroptosis, and cytokine production were detected using Active Oxygen Detection Kit, flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Western blotting analysis was used to measure expression changes of proteins. DUOX1 was silenced or overexpressed to investigate its role in fibrosis. We found that activin A induced ROS production and pyroptosis in cardiomyocytes, which was blocked by the ROS scavenger, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). Knockdown of DUOX1 reversed activin A-induced ROS production, pyroptosis, cytokine release, and the upregulation of proinflammatory proteins. Overexpression of DUOX1 resulted in opposite effects of knockdown DUOX1. Administration of an ROS scavenger blocked the effect of DUOX1 overexpression. Supplementation of IL-1β and IL-18 caused significant fibrosis in human cardiac fibroblasts (hCFs). The knockdown of DUOX1 protected cardiomyocytes against activin A-induced fibrosis via the inhibition of ROS, cytokine release, and pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwei Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of NanChang University, NanChang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, The 908th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force, NanChang, Jiangxi Province, 330026, China
| | - Zhibing Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of NanChang University, NanChang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
| | - Ran Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of NanChang University, NanChang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
| | - Jungang Nie
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of NanChang University, NanChang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
| | - Yongnan Fu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of NanChang University, NanChang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
| | - Ru Ying
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of NanChang University, NanChang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China.
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25
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Dong S, Lyu X, Yuan S, Wang S, Li W, Chen Z, Yu H, Li F, Jiang Q. Oxidative stress: A critical hint in ionizing radiation induced pyroptosis. RADIATION MEDICINE AND PROTECTION 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmp.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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26
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Sager TM, Umbright CM, Mustafa GM, Yanamala N, Leonard HD, McKinney WG, Kashon ML, Joseph P. Tobacco Smoke Exposure Exacerbated Crystalline Silica-Induced Lung Toxicity in Rats. Toxicol Sci 2020; 178:375-390. [PMID: 32976597 PMCID: PMC7825013 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking may modify the lung response to silica exposure including cancer and silicosis. Nevertheless, the precise role of exposure to tobacco smoke (TS) on the lung response to crystalline silica (CS) exposure and the underlying mechanisms need further clarification. The objectives of the present study were to determine the role of TS on lung response to CS exposure and the underlying mechanism(s). Male Fischer 344 rats were exposed by inhalation to air, CS (15 mg/m3, 6 h/day, 5 days), TS (80 mg/m3, 3 h/day, twice weekly, 6 months), or CS (15 mg/m3, 6 h/day, 5 days) followed by TS (80 mg/m3, 3 h/day, twice weekly, 6 months). The rats were euthanized 6 months and 3 weeks following initiation of the first exposure and the lung response was assessed. Silica exposure resulted in significant lung toxicity as evidenced by lung histological changes, enhanced neutrophil infiltration, increased lactate dehydrogenase levels, enhanced oxidant production, and increased cytokine levels. The TS exposure alone had only a minimal effect on these toxicity parameters. However, the combined exposure to TS and CS exacerbated the lung response, compared with TS or CS exposure alone. Global gene expression changes in the lungs correlated with the lung toxicity severity. Bioinformatic analysis of the gene expression data demonstrated significant enrichment in functions, pathways, and networks relevant to the response to CS exposure which correlated with the lung toxicity detected. Collectively our data demonstrated an exacerbation of CS-induced lung toxicity by TS exposure and the molecular mechanisms underlying the exacerbated toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina M Sager
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
| | - Christina M Umbright
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
| | - Gul Mehnaz Mustafa
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
| | - Naveena Yanamala
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
| | - Howard D Leonard
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
| | - Walter G McKinney
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
| | - Michael L Kashon
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
| | - Pius Joseph
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
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27
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NOX2-Derived Reactive Oxygen Species in Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:7095902. [PMID: 33312338 PMCID: PMC7721506 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7095902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the myeloid cell NADPH oxidase NOX2 is critical for the destruction of engulfed microorganisms. However, recent studies imply that ROS, formed by NOX2+ myeloid cells in the malignant microenvironment, exert multiple actions of relevance to the growth and spread of neoplastic cells. By generating ROS, tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells and NOX2+ leukemic myeloid cells may thus (i) compromise the function and viability of adjacent cytotoxic lymphocytes, including natural killer (NK) cells and T cells, (ii) oxidize DNA to trigger cancer-promoting somatic mutations, and (iii) affect the redox balance in cancer cells to control their proliferation and survival. Here, we discuss the impact of NOX2-derived ROS for tumorigenesis, tumor progression, regulation of antitumor immunity, and metastasis. We propose that NOX2 may be a targetable immune checkpoint in cancer.
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28
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Abstract
Significance: The primary function of NADPH oxidases (NOX1-5 and dual oxidases DUOX1/2) is to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). If inadequately regulated, NOX-associated ROS can promote oxidative stress, aberrant signaling, and genomic instability. Correspondingly, NOX isoforms are known to be overexpressed in multiple malignancies, thus constituting potential therapeutic targets in cancer. Recent Advances: Multiple genetic studies aimed at suppressing the expression of NOX proteins in cellular and animal models of cancer have provided support for the notion that NOXs play a pro-tumorigenic role. Further, large drug screens and rational design efforts have yielded inhibitor compounds, such as the diphenylene iodonium (DPI) analog series developed by our group, with increased selectivity and potency over "first generation" NOX inhibitors such as apocynin and DPI. Critical Issues: The precise role of NOX enzymes in tumor biology remains poorly defined. The tumorigenic properties of NOXs vary with cancer type, and precise tools, such as selective inhibitors, are needed to deconvolute NOX contribution to cancer development. Most NOX inhibitors developed to date are unspecific, and/or their mechanistic and pharmacological characteristics are not well defined. A lack of high-resolution crystal structures for NOX functional domains has hindered the development of potent and selective inhibitors. Future Directions: In-depth studies of NOX interactions with the tumor microenvironment (e.g., cytokines, cell-surface antigens) will help identify new approaches for NOX inhibition in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam M Konaté
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Smitha Antony
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - James H Doroshow
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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29
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Louzada RA, Corre R, Ameziane El Hassani R, Meziani L, Jaillet M, Cazes A, Crestani B, Deutsch E, Dupuy C. NADPH oxidase DUOX1 sustains TGF-β1 signalling and promotes lung fibrosis. Eur Respir J 2020; 57:13993003.01949-2019. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01949-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Interstitial lung fibroblast activation coupled with extracellular matrix production is a pathological signature of pulmonary fibrosis, and is governed by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/Smad signalling. TGF-β1 and oxidative stress cooperate to drive fibrosis. Cells can produce reactive oxygen species through activation and/or induction of NADPH oxidases, such as dual oxidase (DUOX1/2). Since DUOX enzymes, as extracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-generating systems, are involved in extracellular matrix formation and in wound healing in different experimental models, we hypothesised that DUOX-based NADPH oxidase plays a role in the pathophysiology of pulmonary fibrosis.Our in vivo data (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients and mouse models of lung fibrosis) showed that the NADPH oxidase DUOX1 is induced in response to lung injury. DUOX1-deficient mice (DUOX1+/− and DUOX1−/−) had an attenuated fibrotic phenotype. In addition to being highly expressed at the epithelial surface of airways, DUOX1 appears to be well expressed in the fibroblastic foci of remodelled lungs. By using primary human and mouse lung fibroblasts, we showed that TGF-β1 upregulates DUOX1 and its maturation factor DUOXA1 and that DUOX1-derived H2O2 promoted the duration of TGF-β1-activated Smad3 phosphorylation by preventing phospho-Smad3 degradation. Analysis of the mechanism revealed that DUOX1 inhibited the interaction between phospho-Smad3 and the ubiquitin ligase NEDD4L, preventing NEDD4L-mediated ubiquitination of phospho-Smad3 and its targeting for degradation.These findings highlight a role for DUOX1-derived H2O2 in a positive feedback that amplifies the signalling output of the TGF-β1 pathway and identify DUOX1 as a new therapeutic target in pulmonary fibrosis.
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30
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Amini P, Kolivand S, Saffar H, Rezapoor S, Motevaseli E, Najafi M, Nouruzi F, Shabeeb D, Musa AE. Protective Effect of Selenium-L-methionine on Radiation-induced Acute Pneumonitis and Lung Fibrosis in Rat. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 14:157-164. [PMID: 30556505 PMCID: PMC7040518 DOI: 10.2174/1574884714666181214101917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we aimed to detect the changes in the level of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 cytokines and their downstream genes including interleukin-13 receptor subunit alpha-2 (IL13Ra2), interleukin-4 receptor subunit alpha-1 (IL4Ra1), dual oxidase 1 (DUOX1) and dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2). The protective effects of Selenium-L-methionine on radiation-induced histopathological damages and changes in the level of these cytokines and genes were detected. METHODS Four groups of 20 rats (5 rats in each) namely, control; Selenium-L-methionine, radiation and radiation plus Selenium-L-methionine were used in this study. 4 mg/kg of Selenium-Lmethionine was administered 1 day before irradiation and five consecutive days after irradiation. Irradiation was done using a dose of 15 Gy 60Co gamma rays at 109 cGy/min. All rats were sacrificed 10 weeks after irradiation for detecting changes in IL-4 and IL-13 cytokines, the expressions of IL13Ra2, IL4Ra1, Duox1 and Duox2 and histopathological changes. RESULTS The level of IL-4 but not IL-13 increased after irradiation. This was associated with increased expression of IL4Ra1, Duox1 and Duox2, in addition to changes in morphological properties. Selenium-L-methionine could attenuate all injury markers following lung irradiation. CONCLUSION Selenium-L-methionine can protect lung tissues against toxic effects of ionizing radiation. It is possible that the modulation of immune responses and redox interactions are involved in the radioprotective effect of this agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Amini
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sedighe Kolivand
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hana Saffar
- Department of Clinical and Anatomical Pathologist, Tehran University of Medical Science, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Rezapoor
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Motevaseli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farzad Nouruzi
- Department of Medical Radiation Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dheyauldeen Shabeeb
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (International Campus), Tehran, Iran.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Misan, Misan, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Eleojo Musa
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (International Campus), Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (International Campus), Tehran, Iran
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Wang B, Wang H, Zhang M, Ji R, Wei J, Xin Y, Jiang X. Radiation-induced myocardial fibrosis: Mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:7717-7729. [PMID: 32536032 PMCID: PMC7348163 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced myocardial fibrosis (RIMF) is a potentially lethal clinical complication of chest radiotherapy (RT) and a final stage of radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD). RIMF is characterized by decreased ventricular elasticity and distensibility, which can result in decreased ejection fraction, heart failure and even sudden cardiac death. Together, these conditions impair the long-term health of post-RT survivors and limit the dose and intensity of RT required to effectively kill tumour cells. Although the exact mechanisms involving in RIMF are unclear, increasing evidence indicates that the occurrence of RIMF is related to various cells, regulatory molecules and cytokines. However, accurately diagnosing and identifying patients who may progress to RIMF has been challenging. Despite the urgent need for an effective treatment, there is currently no medical therapy for RIMF approved for routine clinical application. In this review, we investigated the underlying pathophysiology involved in the initiation and progression of RIMF before outlining potential preventative and therapeutic strategies to counter this toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & TherapyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of RadiobiologySchool of Public HealthJilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & TherapyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of RadiobiologySchool of Public HealthJilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Phase I Clinical Research CenterThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Rui Ji
- Department of BiologyValencia CollegeOrlandoFLUSA
| | - Jinlong Wei
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Ying Xin
- Key Laboratory of PathobiologyMinistry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & TherapyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of RadiobiologySchool of Public HealthJilin UniversityChangchunChina
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Vanderstraeten J, Baselet B, Buset J, Ben Said N, de Ville de Goyet C, Many MC, Gérard AC, Derradji H. Modulation of VEGF Expression and Oxidative Stress Response by Iodine Deficiency in Irradiated Cancerous and Non-Cancerous Breast Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113963. [PMID: 32486504 PMCID: PMC7312479 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer remains a major concern and its physiopathology is influenced by iodine deficiency (ID) and radiation exposure. Since radiation and ID can separately induce oxidative stress (OS) and microvascular responses in breast, their combination could additively increase these responses. Therefore, ID was induced in MCF7 and MCF12A breast cell lines by medium change. Cells were then X-irradiated with doses of 0.05, 0.1, or 3 Gy. In MCF12A cells, both ID and radiation (0.1 and 3 Gy) increased OS and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, with an additive effect when the highest dose was combined with ID. However, in MCF7 cells no additive effect was observed. VEGF mRNA up-regulation was reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent, involving radiation-induced mitochondrial ROS. Results on total VEGF mRNA hold true for the pro-angiogenic isoform VEGF165 mRNA, but the treatments did not modulate the anti-angiogenic isoform VEGF165b. Radiation-induced antioxidant response was differentially regulated upon ID in both cell lines. Thus, radiation response is modulated according to iodine status and cell type and can lead to additive effects on ROS and VEGF. As these are often involved in cancer initiation and progression, we believe that iodine status should be taken into account in radiation prevention policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Vanderstraeten
- Pole of Morphology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (N.B.S.); (C.d.V.d.G.); (M.-C.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Bjorn Baselet
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), 2400 Mol, Belgium; (B.B.); (J.B.); (H.D.)
| | - Jasmine Buset
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), 2400 Mol, Belgium; (B.B.); (J.B.); (H.D.)
| | - Naziha Ben Said
- Pole of Morphology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (N.B.S.); (C.d.V.d.G.); (M.-C.M.)
| | - Christine de Ville de Goyet
- Pole of Morphology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (N.B.S.); (C.d.V.d.G.); (M.-C.M.)
| | - Marie-Christine Many
- Pole of Morphology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (N.B.S.); (C.d.V.d.G.); (M.-C.M.)
| | - Anne-Catherine Gérard
- Service d’Endocrino-Diabétologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional (CHR) Mons-Hainaut, 7000 Mons, Belgium;
| | - Hanane Derradji
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), 2400 Mol, Belgium; (B.B.); (J.B.); (H.D.)
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de Faria CC, Fortunato RS. The role of dual oxidases in physiology and cancer. Genet Mol Biol 2020; 43:e20190096. [PMID: 32453337 PMCID: PMC7265977 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685/gmb-2019-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
NOX/DUOX enzymes are transmembrane proteins that carry electrons through biological membranes generating reactive oxygen species. The NOX family is composed of seven members, which are NOX1 to NOX5 and DUOX1 and 2. DUOX enzymes were initially called thyroid oxidases, based on their high expression level in the thyroid tissue. However, DUOX expression has been documented in several extrathyroid tissues, mostly at the apical membrane of the salivary glands, the airways, and the intestinal tract, revealing additional cellular functions associated with DUOX-related H2O2 generation. In this review, we will briefly summarize the current knowledge regarding DUOX structure and physiological functions, as well as their possible role in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Coelho de Faria
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas
Filho, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Soares Fortunato
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas
Filho, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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34
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The expression profile of redox genes in human monocytes exposed in vitro to γ radiation. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2019.108634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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35
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Helm JS, Rudel RA. Adverse outcome pathways for ionizing radiation and breast cancer involve direct and indirect DNA damage, oxidative stress, inflammation, genomic instability, and interaction with hormonal regulation of the breast. Arch Toxicol 2020. [PMID: 32399610 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02752-z)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge about established breast carcinogens can support improved and modernized toxicological testing methods by identifying key mechanistic events. Ionizing radiation (IR) increases the risk of breast cancer, especially for women and for exposure at younger ages, and evidence overall supports a linear dose-response relationship. We used the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) framework to outline and evaluate the evidence linking ionizing radiation with breast cancer from molecular initiating events to the adverse outcome through intermediate key events, creating a qualitative AOP. We identified key events based on review articles, searched PubMed for recent literature on key events and IR, and identified additional papers using references. We manually curated publications and evaluated data quality. Ionizing radiation directly and indirectly causes DNA damage and increases production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). RONS lead to DNA damage and epigenetic changes leading to mutations and genomic instability (GI). Proliferation amplifies the effects of DNA damage and mutations leading to the AO of breast cancer. Separately, RONS and DNA damage also increase inflammation. Inflammation contributes to direct and indirect effects (effects in cells not directly reached by IR) via positive feedback to RONS and DNA damage, and separately increases proliferation and breast cancer through pro-carcinogenic effects on cells and tissue. For example, gene expression changes alter inflammatory mediators, resulting in improved survival and growth of cancer cells and a more hospitable tissue environment. All of these events overlap at multiple points with events characteristic of "background" induction of breast carcinogenesis, including hormone-responsive proliferation, oxidative activity, and DNA damage. These overlaps make the breast particularly susceptible to ionizing radiation and reinforce that these biological activities are important characteristics of carcinogens. Agents that increase these biological processes should be considered potential breast carcinogens, and predictive methods are needed to identify chemicals that increase these processes. Techniques are available to measure RONS, DNA damage and mutation, cell proliferation, and some inflammatory proteins or processes. Improved assays are needed to measure GI and chronic inflammation, as well as the interaction with hormonally driven development and proliferation. Several methods measure diverse epigenetic changes, but it is not clear which changes are relevant to breast cancer. In addition, most toxicological assays are not conducted in mammary tissue, and so it is a priority to evaluate if results from other tissues are generalizable to breast, or to conduct assays in breast tissue. Developing and applying these assays to identify exposures of concern will facilitate efforts to reduce subsequent breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica S Helm
- Silent Spring Institute, 320 Nevada Street, Suite 302, Newton, MA, 02460, USA
| | - Ruthann A Rudel
- Silent Spring Institute, 320 Nevada Street, Suite 302, Newton, MA, 02460, USA.
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36
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Helm JS, Rudel RA. Adverse outcome pathways for ionizing radiation and breast cancer involve direct and indirect DNA damage, oxidative stress, inflammation, genomic instability, and interaction with hormonal regulation of the breast. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:1511-1549. [PMID: 32399610 PMCID: PMC7261741 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02752-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge about established breast carcinogens can support improved and modernized toxicological testing methods by identifying key mechanistic events. Ionizing radiation (IR) increases the risk of breast cancer, especially for women and for exposure at younger ages, and evidence overall supports a linear dose-response relationship. We used the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) framework to outline and evaluate the evidence linking ionizing radiation with breast cancer from molecular initiating events to the adverse outcome through intermediate key events, creating a qualitative AOP. We identified key events based on review articles, searched PubMed for recent literature on key events and IR, and identified additional papers using references. We manually curated publications and evaluated data quality. Ionizing radiation directly and indirectly causes DNA damage and increases production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). RONS lead to DNA damage and epigenetic changes leading to mutations and genomic instability (GI). Proliferation amplifies the effects of DNA damage and mutations leading to the AO of breast cancer. Separately, RONS and DNA damage also increase inflammation. Inflammation contributes to direct and indirect effects (effects in cells not directly reached by IR) via positive feedback to RONS and DNA damage, and separately increases proliferation and breast cancer through pro-carcinogenic effects on cells and tissue. For example, gene expression changes alter inflammatory mediators, resulting in improved survival and growth of cancer cells and a more hospitable tissue environment. All of these events overlap at multiple points with events characteristic of "background" induction of breast carcinogenesis, including hormone-responsive proliferation, oxidative activity, and DNA damage. These overlaps make the breast particularly susceptible to ionizing radiation and reinforce that these biological activities are important characteristics of carcinogens. Agents that increase these biological processes should be considered potential breast carcinogens, and predictive methods are needed to identify chemicals that increase these processes. Techniques are available to measure RONS, DNA damage and mutation, cell proliferation, and some inflammatory proteins or processes. Improved assays are needed to measure GI and chronic inflammation, as well as the interaction with hormonally driven development and proliferation. Several methods measure diverse epigenetic changes, but it is not clear which changes are relevant to breast cancer. In addition, most toxicological assays are not conducted in mammary tissue, and so it is a priority to evaluate if results from other tissues are generalizable to breast, or to conduct assays in breast tissue. Developing and applying these assays to identify exposures of concern will facilitate efforts to reduce subsequent breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica S Helm
- Silent Spring Institute, 320 Nevada Street, Suite 302, Newton, MA, 02460, USA
| | - Ruthann A Rudel
- Silent Spring Institute, 320 Nevada Street, Suite 302, Newton, MA, 02460, USA.
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Gibson AR, O'Leary BR, Du J, Sarsour EH, Kalen AL, Wagner BA, Stolwijk JM, Falls-Hubert KC, Alexander MS, Carroll RS, Spitz DR, Buettner GR, Goswami PC, Cullen JJ. Dual Oxidase-Induced Sustained Generation of Hydrogen Peroxide Contributes to Pharmacologic Ascorbate-Induced Cytotoxicity. Cancer Res 2020; 80:1401-1413. [PMID: 32041838 PMCID: PMC7127976 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacologic ascorbate treatment (P-AscH-, high-dose, intravenous vitamin C) results in a transient short-term increase in the flux of hydrogen peroxide that is preferentially cytotoxic to cancer cells versus normal cells. This study examines whether an increase in hydrogen peroxide is sustained posttreatment and potential mechanisms involved in this process. Cellular bioenergetic profiling following treatment with P-AscH- was examined in tumorigenic and nontumorigenic cells. P-AscH- resulted in sustained increases in the rate of cellular oxygen consumption (OCR) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tumor cells, with no changes in nontumorigenic cells. Sources for this increase in ROS and OCR were DUOX 1 and 2, which are silenced in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, but upregulated with P-AscH- treatment. An inducible catalase system, to test causality for the role of hydrogen peroxide, reversed the P-AscH--induced increases in DUOX, whereas DUOX inhibition partially rescued P-AscH--induced toxicity. In addition, DUOX was significantly downregulated in pancreatic cancer specimens compared with normal pancreas tissues. Together, these results suggest that P-AscH--induced toxicity may be enhanced by late metabolic shifts in tumor cells, resulting in a feed-forward mechanism for generation of hydrogen peroxide and induction of metabolic stress through enhanced DUOX expression and rate of oxygen consumption. SIGNIFICANCE: A high dose of vitamin C, in addition to delivering an acute exposure of H2O2 to tumor cells, activates DUOX in pancreatic cancer cells, which provide sustained production of H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne R Gibson
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Brianne R O'Leary
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Surgery, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Juan Du
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Surgery, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Ehab H Sarsour
- Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Amanda L Kalen
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Brett A Wagner
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Jeffrey M Stolwijk
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Kelly C Falls-Hubert
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Matthew S Alexander
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Surgery, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Rory S Carroll
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Surgery, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Douglas R Spitz
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Garry R Buettner
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Prabhat C Goswami
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Joseph J Cullen
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa.
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Surgery, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
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38
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Farhood B, Ashrafizadeh M, Khodamoradi E, Hoseini-Ghahfarokhi M, Afrashi S, Musa AE, Najafi M. Targeting of cellular redox metabolism for mitigation of radiation injury. Life Sci 2020; 250:117570. [PMID: 32205088 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Accidental exposure to ionizing radiation is a serious concern to human life. Studies on the mitigation of side effects following exposure to accidental radiation events are ongoing. Recent studies have shown that radiation can activate several signaling pathways, leading to changes in the metabolism of free radicals including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). Cellular and molecular mechanisms show that radiation can cause disruption of normal reduction/oxidation (redox) system. Mitochondria malfunction following exposure to radiation and mutations in mitochondria DNA (mtDNA) have a key role in chronic oxidative stress. Furthermore, exposure to radiation leads to infiltration of inflammatory cells such as macrophages, lymphocytes and mast cells, which are important sources of ROS and NO. These cells generate free radicals via upregulation of some pro-oxidant enzymes such as NADPH oxidases, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Epigenetic changes also have a key role in a similar way. Other mediators such as mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), which are involved in the normal metabolism of cells have also been shown to regulate cell death following exposure to radiation. These mechanisms are tissue specific. Inhibition or activation of each of these targets can be suggested for mitigation of radiation injury in a specific tissue. In the current paper, we review the cellular and molecular changes in the metabolism of cells and ROS/NO following exposure to radiation. Furthermore, the possible strategies for mitigation of radiation injury through modulation of cellular metabolism in irradiated organs will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bagher Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ehsan Khodamoradi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Hoseini-Ghahfarokhi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shima Afrashi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ahmed Eleojo Musa
- Department of Medical Physics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (International Campus), Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Kyrilli A, Gacquer D, Detours V, Lefort A, Libert F, Twyffels L, Van Den Eeckhaute L, Strickaert A, Maenhaut C, De Deken X, Dumont JE, Miot F, Corvilain B. Dissecting the Role of Thyrotropin in the DNA Damage Response in Human Thyrocytes after 131I, γ Radiation and H2O2. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5614560. [PMID: 31701151 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgz185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The early molecular events in human thyrocytes after 131I exposure have not yet been unravelled. Therefore, we investigated the role of TSH in the 131I-induced DNA damage response and gene expression in primary cultured human thyrocytes. METHODS Following exposure of thyrocytes, in the presence or absence of TSH, to 131I (β radiation), γ radiation (3 Gy), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), we assessed DNA damage, proliferation, and cell-cycle status. We conducted RNA sequencing to profile gene expression after each type of exposure and evaluated the influence of TSH on each transcriptomic response. RESULTS Overall, the thyrocyte responses following exposure to β or γ radiation and to H2O2 were similar. However, TSH increased 131I-induced DNA damage, an effect partially diminished after iodide uptake inhibition. Specifically, TSH increased the number of DNA double-strand breaks in nonexposed thyrocytes and thus predisposed them to greater damage following 131I exposure. This effect most likely occurred via Gα q cascade and a rise in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. β and γ radiation prolonged thyroid cell-cycle arrest to a similar extent without sign of apoptosis. The gene expression profiles of thyrocytes exposed to β/γ radiation or H2O2 were overlapping. Modulations in genes involved in inflammatory response, apoptosis, and proliferation were observed. TSH increased the number and intensity of modulation of differentially expressed genes after 131I exposure. CONCLUSIONS TSH specifically increased 131I-induced DNA damage probably via a rise in ROS levels and produced a more prominent transcriptomic response after exposure to 131I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aglaia Kyrilli
- Division of Endocrinology, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moleculaire (IRIBHM), School of Medicine, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - David Gacquer
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moleculaire (IRIBHM), School of Medicine, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Detours
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moleculaire (IRIBHM), School of Medicine, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Lefort
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moleculaire (IRIBHM), School of Medicine, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Libert
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moleculaire (IRIBHM), School of Medicine, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laure Twyffels
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Gosselies Biopark, ULB, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Laura Van Den Eeckhaute
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moleculaire (IRIBHM), School of Medicine, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Aurélie Strickaert
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moleculaire (IRIBHM), School of Medicine, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Carine Maenhaut
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moleculaire (IRIBHM), School of Medicine, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xavier De Deken
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moleculaire (IRIBHM), School of Medicine, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jacques Emile Dumont
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moleculaire (IRIBHM), School of Medicine, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Françoise Miot
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moleculaire (IRIBHM), School of Medicine, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Corvilain
- Division of Endocrinology, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moleculaire (IRIBHM), School of Medicine, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
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Ping Z, Peng Y, Lang H, Xinyong C, Zhiyi Z, Xiaocheng W, Hong Z, Liang S. Oxidative Stress in Radiation-Induced Cardiotoxicity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3579143. [PMID: 32190171 PMCID: PMC7071808 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3579143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a distinct increase in the risk of heart disease in people exposed to ionizing radiation (IR). Radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) is one of the adverse side effects when people are exposed to ionizing radiation. IR may come from various forms, such as diagnostic imaging, radiotherapy for cancer treatment, nuclear disasters, and accidents. However, RIHD was mainly observed after radiotherapy for chest malignant tumors, especially left breast cancer. Radiation therapy (RT) has become one of the main ways to treat all kinds of cancer, which is used to reduce the recurrence of cancer and improve the survival rate of patients. The potential cause of radiation-induced cardiotoxicity is unclear, but it may be relevant to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress, an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), disrupts intracellular homeostasis through chemical modification and damages proteins, lipids, and DNA; therefore, it results in a series of related pathophysiological changes. The purpose of this review was to summarise the studies of oxidative stress in radiotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and provide prevention and treatment methods to reduce cardiac damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Ping
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006 Jiangxi, China
| | - Yang Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006 Jiangxi, China
| | - Hong Lang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006 Jiangxi, China
| | - Cai Xinyong
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006 Jiangxi, China
| | - Zeng Zhiyi
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006 Jiangxi, China
| | - Wu Xiaocheng
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006 Jiangxi, China
| | - Zeng Hong
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006 Jiangxi, China
| | - Shao Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006 Jiangxi, China
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Radiation-Induced Normal Tissue Damage: Oxidative Stress and Epigenetic Mechanisms. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3010342. [PMID: 31781332 PMCID: PMC6875293 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3010342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is currently one of the leading treatments for various cancers; however, it may cause damage to healthy tissue, with both short-term and long-term side effects. Severe radiation-induced normal tissue damage (RINTD) frequently has a significant influence on the progress of RT and the survival and prognosis of patients. The redox system has been shown to play an important role in the early and late effects of RINTD. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are the main sources of RINTD. The free radicals produced by irradiation can upregulate several enzymes including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NADPH oxidase), lipoxygenases (LOXs), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and cyclooxygenases (COXs). These enzymes are expressed in distinct ways in various cells, tissues, and organs and participate in the RINTD process through different regulatory mechanisms. In recent years, several studies have demonstrated that epigenetic modulators play an important role in the RINTD process. Epigenetic modifications primarily contain noncoding RNA regulation, histone modifications, and DNA methylation. In this article, we will review the role of oxidative stress and epigenetic mechanisms in radiation damage, and explore possible prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for RINTD.
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Dual oxidase 1 and NADPH oxidase 2 exert favorable effects in cervical cancer patients by activating immune response. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1078. [PMID: 31706280 PMCID: PMC6842485 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6202-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) not only can promote cancer progression, but also they have recently emerged as mediators of the mucosal immune system. However, the roles and clinical relevance of the collective or individual NADPH oxidase (NOX) family genes in cervical cancer have not been studied. METHODS We investigated the clinical significance of the NOX family genes using data from 307 patients with cervical cancer obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Bioinformatics and experimental analyses were performed to examine NOX family genes in cervical cancer patients. RESULTS Dual Oxidase1 (DUOX1) and Dual Oxidase 2 (DUOX2) mRNA levels were upregulated 57.9- and 67.5-fold, respectively, in cervical cancer patients. The protein expression of DUOX1, DUOX2, and NOX2 also identified in cervical squamous cell carcinoma tissues. Especially, DUOX1 and DUOX2 mRNA levels were significantly increased in patients infected with human papillomavirus (HPV) 16. Moreover, high DUOX1 mRNA levels were significantly associated with both favorable overall survival and disease-free survival in cervical cancer patients. High NOX2 mRNA levels was significantly associated with favorable overall survival. Gene set enrichment analyses revealed that high DUOX1 and NOX2 expression was significantly correlated with the enrichment of immune pathways related to interferon (IFN)-alpha, IFN-gamma, and natural killer (NK) cell signaling. Cell-type identification by estimating relative subsets of known RNA transcript analyses indicated that the fraction of innate immune cells, including NK cells, monocytes, dendritic cells, and mast cells, was elevated in patients with high DUOX1 expression. CONCLUSIONS DUOX1 and NOX2 expression are associated with mucosal immunity activated in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and predicts a favorable prognosis in cervical cancer patients.
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Persistent Oxidative Stress in Vestibular Schwannomas After Stereotactic Radiation Therapy. Otol Neurotol 2019; 39:1184-1190. [PMID: 30106845 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000001935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stereotactic radiation therapy is increasingly used to treat vestibular schwannomas (VSs) primarily and to treat tumor remnants following microsurgery. Little data are available regarding the effects of radiation on VS cells. Tyrosine nitrosylation is a marker of oxidative stress following radiation in malignant tumors. It is not known how long irradiated tissue remains under oxidative stress, and if such modifications occur in benign neoplasms such as VSs treated with significantly lower doses of radiation. We immunostained sections from previously radiated VSs with an antibody that recognizes nitrosylated tyrosine residues to assess for ongoing oxidative stress. STUDY DESIGN Immunohistochemical analysis. METHODS Four VSs, which recurred after excision, were treated with stereotactic radiation therapy. Ultimately each tumor required salvage reresection for regrowth. Histologic sections of each tumor before and after radiation were immunolabeled with a monoclonal antibody specific to nitrotyrosine and compared. Two VSs that underwent reresection of a growing tumor remnant without previous radiation therapy served as additional controls. RESULTS Irradiated tumors enlarged in volume by 3.16 to 8.62 mL following radiation. Preradiation sections demonstrated little to no nitrotyrosine immunostaining. Three of four of irradiated VSs demonstrated increased nitrotyrosine immunostaining in the postradiation sections compared with preradiation tumor sections. Nonirradiated VSs did not label with the antinitrotyrosine antibody. CONCLUSIONS VSs exhibit oxidative stress up to 7 years after radiotherapy, yet these VSs continued to enlarge. Thus, VSs that grow following radiation appear to possess mechanisms for cell survival and proliferation despite radiation-induced oxidative stress.
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Wu Y, Konaté MM, Lu J, Makhlouf H, Chuaqui R, Antony S, Meitzler JL, Difilippantonio MJ, Liu H, Juhasz A, Jiang G, Dahan I, Roy K, Doroshow JH. IL-4 and IL-17A Cooperatively Promote Hydrogen Peroxide Production, Oxidative DNA Damage, and Upregulation of Dual Oxidase 2 in Human Colon and Pancreatic Cancer Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:2532-2544. [PMID: 31548328 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2) generates H2O2 that plays a critical role in both host defense and chronic inflammation. Previously, we demonstrated that the proinflammatory mediators IFN-γ and LPS enhance expression of DUOX2 and its maturation factor DUOXA2 through STAT1- and NF-κB‒mediated signaling in human pancreatic cancer cells. Using a panel of colon and pancreatic cancer cell lines, we now report the induction of DUOX2/DUOXA2 mRNA and protein expression by the TH2 cytokine IL-4. IL-4 activated STAT6 signaling that, when silenced, significantly decreased induction of DUOX2. Furthermore, the TH17 cytokine IL-17A combined synergistically with IL-4 to increase DUOX2 expression in both colon and pancreatic cancer cells mediated, at least in part, by signaling through NF-κB. The upregulation of DUOX2 was associated with a significant increase in the production of extracellular H2O2 and DNA damage-as indicated by the accumulation of 8-oxo-dG and γH2AX-which was suppressed by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenylene iodonium and a DUOX2-specific small interfering RNA. The clinical relevance of these experiments is suggested by immunohistochemical, microarray, and quantitative RT-PCR studies of human colon and pancreatic tumors demonstrating significantly higher DUOX2, IL-4R, and IL-17RA expression in tumors than in adjacent normal tissues; in pancreatic adenocarcinoma, increased DUOX2 expression is adversely associated with overall patient survival. These data suggest a functional association between DUOX2-mediated H2O2 production and induced DNA damage in gastrointestinal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhong Wu
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
| | - Mariam M Konaté
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jiamo Lu
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
| | - Hala Makhlouf
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Rodrigo Chuaqui
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Smitha Antony
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jennifer L Meitzler
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
| | - Michael J Difilippantonio
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Han Liu
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Agnes Juhasz
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
| | - Guojian Jiang
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
| | - Iris Dahan
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Krishnendu Roy
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - James H Doroshow
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and .,Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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Tang Y, Yang L, Qin W, Yi M, Liu B, Yuan X. Validation study of the association between genetic variant of IL4 and severe radiation pneumonitis in lung cancer patients treated with radiation therapy. Radiother Oncol 2019; 141:86-94. [PMID: 31540745 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Recent researches demonstrated that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of genes involving inflammation, DNA repair, etc. were associated with risk of radiation pneumonitis (RP). However, these studies were single-centered, from single ethnic origin, without validation from independent cohort studies from other populations. In order to identify clinical valuable SNPs for RP, in this study we selected 19 RP-related SNPs candidates previously published before 2016 for validation in our cohort. MATERIAL AND METHODS 359 lung cancer patients with radiotherapy were included in our prospective study (NCT02490319). Peripheral blood samples from these patients were genotyped by MassArray and Sanger Sequence method. Multivariate Cox hazard and other analyses were applied to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of all factors possibly related to the risk of RP. RESULTS Patients with elder age, MLD ≥15 Gy, V20 ≥24% had higher risk of RP ≥grade 3 compared with their counterparts (HR = 2.020, 95% CI: 1.045-3.906, P = 0.037; HR = 2.502, 95% CI: 1.346-4.652, P = 0.004; HR = 2.256, 95% CI: 1.191-4.272, P = 0.013, respectively). Moreover, patients receiving IMRT were associated with decreased incidence of RP (HR = 0.520, 95% CI: 0.280-0.963, P = 0.037). Importantly, CT + TT genotype of IL4: rs2243250 was strongly related to decreased risk of RP ≥grade 3 (HR = 0.195, 95% CI: 0.090-0.424, P = 0.000037, Pc = 0.0006). CONCLUSION IL4: rs2243250 was validated to be significantly related to RP of grade ≥3 in our cohort. Our results further emphasized the prevalence and clinical value of IL4: rs2243250 on RP, and may thus be one of the important predictors of severe RP before radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Tang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wan Qin
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min'xiao Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang'lin Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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The Dual Oxidase Duox2 stabilized with DuoxA2 in an enzymatic complex at the surface of the cell produces extracellular H 2O 2 able to induce DNA damage in an inducible cellular model. Exp Cell Res 2019; 384:111620. [PMID: 31513783 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone synthesis requires H2O2, produced by two NADPH oxidases, Duox1 and Duox2. To be fully active at the apical pole of the thyrocytes, these enzymes need additional maturation factors DuoxA1 and DuoxA2. The proteins have been shown to be localized at the cell surface, suggesting that they could form a complex with Duox counterparts. We have generated multiple HEK293 Tet-On3G cell lines that express various combinations of DuoxA upon doxycycline induction, in association with a constitutive expression of the Duox enzyme. We compared Duox specific activity, Duox/DuoxA cell surface interactions and the cellular consequences of sustained H2O2 generation. By normalizing H2O2 extracellular production by Duox or DuoxA membrane expression, we have demonstrated that the most active enzymatic complex is Duox2/DuoxA2, compared to Duox1/DuoxA1. A direct cell surface interaction was shown between Duox1/2 and both DuoxA1 and DuoxA2 using the Duolink® technology, Duox1/DuoxA1 and Duox2/DuoxA2 membrane complexes being more stable than the unpaired ones. A significant increase in DNA damage was observed in the nuclei of Duox2/DuoxA2 expressing cells after doxycycline induction and stimulation of Duox catalytic activity. The maturation and activity of Duox2 were drastically impaired when expressed with the glycosylation-defective maturation factor DuoxA2, while the impact of the unglycosylated DuoxA1 mutant on Duox1 membrane expression and activity was rather limited. The present data demonstrate for the first time that H2O2 produced by the Duox2/DuoxA2 cell surface enzymatic complex could provoke potential mutagenic DNA damage in an inducible cellular model, and highlight the importance of the co-expressed partner in the activity and stability of Duox/DuoxA complexes.
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Varricchi G, Loffredo S, Marone G, Modestino L, Fallahi P, Ferrari SM, de Paulis A, Antonelli A, Galdiero MR. The Immune Landscape of Thyroid Cancer in the Context of Immune Checkpoint Inhibition. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3934. [PMID: 31412566 PMCID: PMC6720642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune cells play critical roles in tumor prevention as well as initiation and progression. However, immune-resistant cancer cells can evade the immune system and proceed to form tumors. The normal microenvironment (immune cells, fibroblasts, blood and lymphatic vessels, and interstitial extracellular matrix (ECM)) maintains tissue homeostasis and prevents tumor initiation. Inflammatory mediators, reactive oxygen species, cytokines, and chemokines from an altered microenvironment promote tumor growth. During the last decade, thyroid cancer, the most frequent cancer of the endocrine system, has emerged as the fifth most incident cancer in the United States (USA), and its incidence is steadily growing. Inflammation has long been associated with thyroid cancer, raising critical questions about the role of immune cells in its pathogenesis. A plethora of immune cells and their mediators are present in the thyroid cancer ecosystem. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting immune checkpoints, such as mAbs anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (anti-CTLA-4) and anti-programmed cell death protein-1/programmed cell death ligand-1 (anti-PD-1/PD-L1), have revolutionized the treatment of many malignancies, but they induce thyroid dysfunction in up to 10% of patients, presumably by enhancing autoimmunity. Combination strategies involving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with tyrosine kinase (TK) or serine/threonine protein kinase B-raf (BRAF) inhibitors are showing considerable promise in the treatment of advanced thyroid cancer. This review illustrates how different immune cells contribute to thyroid cancer development and the rationale for the antitumor effects of ICIs in combination with BRAF/TK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, 80131 Naples, Italy
- WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Loffredo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, 80131 Naples, Italy
- WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Marone
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Modestino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Poupak Fallahi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, School of Medicine, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Martina Ferrari
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, School of Medicine, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Amato de Paulis
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, 80131 Naples, Italy
- WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Antonelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, School of Medicine, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Galdiero
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, 80131 Naples, Italy.
- WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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Farhood B, Aliasgharzadeh A, Amini P, Saffar H, Motevaseli E, Rezapoor S, Nouruzi F, Shabeeb D, Musa AE, Ashabi G, Mohseni M, Moradi H, Najafi M. Radiation-Induced Dual Oxidase Upregulation in Rat Heart Tissues: Protective Effect of Melatonin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55070317. [PMID: 31252673 PMCID: PMC6680718 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55070317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: Radiation-induced heart injury can lead to increased risk of heart failure, attack, and ischemia. Some studies proposed IL-4 and IL-13 as two important cytokines that are involved in late effects of ionizing radiation. On the other hand, these cytokines may, through upregulation of Duox1 and Duox2, induce chronic oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. In this study, we evaluated the upregulation of Duox1 and Duox2 pathways in hearts following chest irradiation in rats and then detected possible attenuation of them by melatonin. Materials and Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: (1) control; (2) melatonin treated (100 mg/kg); (3) radiation (15 Gy gamma rays); (4) melatonin treated before irradiation. All rats were sacrificed after 10 weeks and their heart tissues collected for real-time PCR (RT-PCR), ELISA detection of IL-4 and IL-13, as well as histopathological evaluation of macrophages and lymphocytes infiltration. Results: Results showed an upregulation of IL-4, IL4ra1, Duox1, and Duox2. The biggest changes were for IL4ra1 and Duox1. Treatment with melatonin before irradiation could attenuate the upregulation of all genes. Melatonin also caused a reduction in IL-4 as well as reverse infiltration of inflammatory cells. Conclusion: Duox1 and Duox2 may be involved in the late effects of radiation-induced heart injury. Also, via attenuation of these genes, melatonin can offer protection against the toxic effects of radiation on the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bagher Farhood
- Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan 8715988141, Iran
| | - Akbar Aliasgharzadeh
- Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan 8715988141, Iran
| | - Peyman Amini
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran
| | - Hana Saffar
- Clinical and Anatomical Pathologist at Tehran University of Medical Science, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran 1419733141, Iran
| | - Elahe Motevaseli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran
| | - Saeed Rezapoor
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran
| | - Farzad Nouruzi
- Department of Medical Radiation Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | - Dheyauldeen Shabeeb
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Misan, Misan 62010, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Eleojo Musa
- Department of Medical Physics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (International Campus), Tehran 1416753955, Iran
| | - Ghorbangol Ashabi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran
| | - Mehran Mohseni
- Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan 8715988141, Iran
| | - Habiballah Moradi
- Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan 8715988141, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran.
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Kolivand S, Amini P, Saffar H, Rezapoor S, Najafi M, Motevaseli E, Nouruzi F, Shabeeb D, Eleojo Musa A. Selenium-L-methionine modulates radiation injury and Duox1 and Duox2 upregulation in rat's heart tissues. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2019; 11:121-126. [PMID: 31384406 PMCID: PMC6669428 DOI: 10.15171/jcvtr.2019.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Redox interactions play a key role in radiation injury including heart diseases. In present study, we aimed to detect the possible protective role of selenium-L-methionine on infiltration of immune cells and Duox1&2 upregulation in rat’s heart tissues.
Methods: In this study, 20 rats were divided into 4 groups (5 rats in each) namely: irradiation; irradiation plus Selenium-L-methionine; control; and Selenium-L-methionine treatment. Irradiation (15 Gy to chest) was performed using a cobalt-60 gamma ray source while 4 mg/kg of selenium-L-methionine was administered intraperitoneally. Ten weeks after irradiation, rats were sacrificed for detection of IL-4 and IL-13 cytokines, infiltration of macrophages and lymphocytes as well as the expressions of IL4Ra1, Duox1, IL13Ra2 and Duox2.
Results: Results showed an increase in the level of IL-4 as well as the expressions of IL4Ra1, Duox1 and Duox2. Similarly, there was an increase in the infiltration of lymphocytes and macrophages. There was significant attenuation of all these changes following treatment with selenium-L-methionine.
Conclusion: Selenium-L-methionine has the potential to protect heart tissues against radiation injury. Downregulation of pro-oxidant genes and modulation of some cytokines such as IL-4 are involved in the radioprotective effect of selenium-L-methionine on heart tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedighe Kolivand
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Amini
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hana Saffar
- Clinical and Anatomical Pathologist at Tehran University of Medical Science, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Rezapoor
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Elahe Motevaseli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Nouruzi
- Department of Medical Radiation Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dheyauldeen Shabeeb
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Misan, Misan, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Eleojo Musa
- Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (International Campus), Tehran, Iran
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50
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Aliasgharzadeh A, Farhood B, Amini P, Saffar H, Motevaseli E, Rezapoor S, Nouruzi F, Shabeeb DH, Eleojo Musa A, Mohseni M, Moradi H, Najafi M. Melatonin Attenuates Upregulation of Duox1 and Duox2 and Protects against Lung Injury following Chest Irradiation in Rats. CELL JOURNAL 2019; 21:236-242. [PMID: 31210428 PMCID: PMC6582421 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2019.6207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective The Lung is one of the most radiosensitive organs of the body. The infiltration of macrophages and lymphocytes
into the lung is mediated via the stimulation of T-helper 2 cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-13, which play a key role in the
development of fibrosis. It is likely that these cytokines induce chronic oxidative damage and inflammation through the
upregulation of Duox1, and Duox2, which can increase the risk of late effects of ionizing radiation (IR) such as fibrosis and
carcinogenesis. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the possible increase of IL-4 and IL-13 levels, as well as their
downstream genes such as IL4ra1, IL13ra2, Duox1, and Duox2.
Materials and Methods In this experimental animal study, male rats were divided into 4 groups: i. Control, ii. Melatonin-
treated, iii. Radiation, and iv. Melatonin (100 mg/kg) plus radiation. Rats were irradiated with 15 Gy 60Co gamma rays and
then sacrificed after 67 days. The expressions of IL4ra1, IL13ra2, Duox1, and Duox2, as well as the levels of IL-4 and IL-13,
were evaluated. The histopathological changes such as the infiltration of inflammatory cells, edema, and fibrosis were also
examined. Moreover, the protective effect of melatonin on these parameters was also determined.
Results Results showed a 1.5-fold increase in the level of IL-4, a 5-fold increase in the expression of IL4ra1, and
a 3-fold increase in the expressions of Duox1, and Duox2. However, results showed no change for IL-13 and no
detectable expression of IL13ra2. This was associated with increased infiltration of macrophages, lymphocytes, and
mast cells. Melatonin treatment before irradiation completely reversed these changes.
Conclusion This study has shown the upregulation of IL-4-IL4ra1-Duox2 signaling pathway following lung irradiation. It
is possible that melatonin protects against IR-induced lung injury via the downregulation of this pathway and attenuation of
inflammatory cells infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Aliasgharzadeh
- Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Peyman Amini
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hana Saffar
- Clinical and Anatomical Pathologist at Tehran University of Medical Science, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Motevaseli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Rezapoor
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Nouruzi
- Department of Medical Radiation Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - D Heyauldeen Shabeeb
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (International Campus), Tehran, Iran.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Misan, Misan, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Eleojo Musa
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (International Campus), Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (International Campus), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehran Mohseni
- Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Habiballah Moradi
- Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Electronic Address:
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