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Sahadevan R, Binoy A, Vechalapu SK, Nanjan P, Sadhukhan S. In situ global proteomics profiling of EGCG targets using a cell-permeable and Click-able bioorthogonal probe. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 237:123991. [PMID: 36907293 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite possessing a wide spectrum of biological activities, molecular targets of EGCG remain elusive and as a result, its precise mode of action is still unknown. Herein, we have developed a novel cell-permeable and Click-able bioorthogonal probe for EGCG, YnEGCG for in situ detection and identification of its interacting proteins. The strategic structural modification on YnEGCG allowed it to retain innate biological activities of EGCG (IC50 59.52 ± 1.14 μM and 9.07 ± 0.01 μM for cell viability and radical scavenging activity, respectively). Chemoproteomics profiling identified 160 direct EGCG targets, with H:L ratio ≥ 1.10 from the list of 207 proteins, including multiple new proteins that were previously unknown. The targets were broadly distributed in various subcellular compartments suggesting a polypharmacological mode of action of EGCG. GO analysis revealed that the primary targets belonged to the enzymes that regulate key metabolic processes including glycolysis and energy homeostasis, also the cytoplasm (36 %) and mitochondria (15.6 %) contain the majority of EGCG targets. Further, we validated that EGCG interactome was closely associated with apoptosis indicating its role in inducing toxicity in cancer cells. For the first time, this in situ chemoproteomics approach could identify a direct and specific EGCG interactome under physiological conditions in an unbiased manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revathy Sahadevan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala, India
| | - Anupama Binoy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala, India
| | - Sai K Vechalapu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pandurangan Nanjan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala, India
| | - Sushabhan Sadhukhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala, India; Physical & Chemical Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala, India; Department of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala, India.
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2
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Zhang Z, Hao M, Zhang X, He Y, Chen X, Taylor EW, Zhang J. Potential of green tea EGCG in neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant with greater tropism toward the upper respiratory tract. Trends Food Sci Technol 2023; 132:40-53. [PMID: 36594074 PMCID: PMC9796359 DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background COVID-19 due to SARS-CoV-2 infection has had an enormous adverse impact on global public health. As the COVID-19 pandemic evolves, the WHO declared several variants of concern (VOCs), including Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron. Compared with earlier variants, Omicron, now a dominant lineage, exhibits characteristics of enhanced transmissibility, tropism shift toward the upper respiratory tract, and attenuated disease severity. The robust transmission of Omicron despite attenuated disease severity still poses a great challenge for pandemic control. Under this circumstance, its tropism shift may be utilized for discovering effective preventive approaches. Scope and approach This review aims to estimate the potential of green tea epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the most potent antiviral catechin, in neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, based on current knowledge concerning EGCG distribution in tissues and Omicron tropism. Key findings and conclusions EGCG has a low bioavailability. Plasma EGCG levels are in the range of submicromolar concentrations following green tea drinking, or reach at most low μM concentrations after pharmacological intervention. Nonetheless, its levels in the upper respiratory tract could reach concentrations as high as tens or even hundreds of μM following green tea consumption or pharmacological intervention. An approach for delivering sufficiently high concentrations of EGCG in the pharynx has been developed. Convincing data have demonstrated that EGCG at tens to hundreds of μM can dramatically neutralize SARS-CoV-2 and effectively eliminate SARS-CoV-2-induced cytopathic effects and plaque formation. Thus, EGCG, which exhibits hyperaccumulation in the upper respiratory tract, deserves closer investigation as an antiviral in the current global battle against COVID-19, given Omicron's greater tropism toward the upper respiratory tract.
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Key Words
- ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
- COVID-19
- EGCG
- EGCG, epigallocatechin-3-gallate
- GRP78, glucose-regulated protein 78
- HO-1, hemeoxygenase 1
- IFN-β, interferon-β
- Mpro, main protease
- MxA, MxGTPases
- Nrf2, nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2
- Nsp15, nonstructural protein 15
- Omicron variant
- SARS-CoV-2
- TMPRSS2, transmembrane serine protease 2
- The upper respiratory tract
- Tropism
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xiangchun Zhang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Yufeng He
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xiongsheng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ethan Will Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, 27402, USA
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
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Basak D, Gregori L, Johora F, Deb S. Preclinical and Clinical Research Models of Prostate Cancer: A Brief Overview. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12101607. [PMID: 36295041 PMCID: PMC9605520 DOI: 10.3390/life12101607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The incidence and mortality from prostate cancer (PCa) are on the rise which poses a major public health concern worldwide. In this narrative review, we have summarized the characteristics of major in vitro and in vivo PCa models including their utility in developing treatment strategies. Androgens, particularly, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) activate the androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway that facilitates the development and progression of castration resistant PCa. Several enzymes namely, CYP17A1, HSD17B, and SRD5A are essential to furnishing DHT from dehydroepiandrosterone in the classical pathway while DHT is formed from androstanediol in the backdoor pathway. The advancement in delineating the molecular heterogeneity of PCa has been possible through the development of several in vitro and in vivo research models. Generally, tissue culture models are advantageous to understand PCa biology and investigate the efficacy and toxicity of novel agents; nevertheless, animal models are indispensable to studying the PCa etiology and treatment since they can simulate the tumor microenvironment that plays a central role in initiation and progression of the disease. Moreover, the availability of several genetically engineered mouse models has made it possible to study the metastasis process. However, the conventional models are not devoid of limitations. For example, the lack of heterogeneity in tissue culture models and the variation of metastatic characteristics in xenograft models are obviously challenging. Additionally, due to the racial and ethnic disparities in PCa pathophysiology, a new model that can represent PCa encompassing different ethnicities is urgently needed. New models should continue to evolve to address the genetic and molecular complexities as well as to further elucidate the finer details of the steroidogenic pathway associated with PCa.
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Farhan M, Rizvi A, Ali F, Ahmad A, Aatif M, Malik A, Alam MW, Muteeb G, Ahmad S, Noor A, Siddiqui FA. Pomegranate juice anthocyanidins induce cell death in human cancer cells by mobilizing intracellular copper ions and producing reactive oxygen species. Front Oncol 2022; 12:998346. [PMID: 36147917 PMCID: PMC9487716 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.998346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanidins are the most abundant polyphenols in pomegranate juice. This class of molecules includes Delphinidin (Del), Cyanidin (Cya), and Pelargonidin (Pel). Using prostate, breast and pancreatic cancer cell lines PC3, MDA-MB-231, BxPC-3 and MiaPaCa-2, we show that anthocyanidins inhibit cell proliferation (measured by MTT assay) and induce apoptosis like cell death (measured by DNA/Histone ELISA). Copper chelator neocuproine and reactive oxygen species scavengers (thiourea for hydroxyl radical and superoxide dismutase for superoxide anion) significantly inhibit this reaction thus demonstrating that intracellular copper reacts with anthocyanidins in cancer cells to cause DNA damage via ROS generation. We further show that copper-supplemented media sensitizes normal breast epithelial cells (MCF-10A) to Del-mediated growth inhibition as determined by decreased cell proliferation. Copper supplementation results in increased expression of copper transporters Ctr1 and ATP7A in MCF-10A cells, which is attenuated by the addition of Del in the medium. We propose that the copper mediated, ROS-induced mechanism of selective cell death of cancer cells may in part explain the anticancer effects of anthocyanidins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Farhan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year Deanship, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia,*Correspondence: Mohd Farhan,
| | - Asim Rizvi
- Department of Kulliyat, Faculty of Unani Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Ferasat Ali
- Department of Kulliyat, Faculty of Unani Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Interim Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammad Aatif
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshi Malik
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mir Waqas Alam
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghazala Muteeb
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saheem Ahmad
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Awal Noor
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year Deanship, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farhan Asif Siddiqui
- Department of Laboratory and Blood Bank, King Fahad Hospital, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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Kumar NB, Hogue S, Pow-Sang J, Poch M, Manley BJ, Li R, Dhillon J, Yu A, Byrd DA. Effects of Green Tea Catechins on Prostate Cancer Chemoprevention: The Role of the Gut Microbiome. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3988. [PMID: 36010981 PMCID: PMC9406482 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence supports green tea catechins (GTCs) in chemoprevention for prostate cancer (PCa), a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality among men. GTCs include (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, which may modulate the molecular pathways implicated in prostate carcinogenesis. Prior studies of GTCs suggested that they are bioavailable, safe, and effective for modulating clinical and biological markers implicated in prostate carcinogenesis. GTCs may be of particular benefit to those with low-grade PCas typically managed with careful monitoring via active surveillance (AS). Though AS is recommended, it has limitations including potential under-grading, variations in eligibility, and anxiety reported by men while on AS. Secondary chemoprevention of low-grade PCas using GTCs may help address these limitations. When administrated orally, the gut microbiome enzymatically transforms GTC structure, altering its bioavailability, bioactivity, and toxicity. In addition to xenobiotic metabolism, the gut microbiome has multiple other physiological effects potentially involved in PCa progression, including regulating inflammation, hormones, and other known/unknown pathways. Therefore, it is important to consider not only the independent roles of GTCs and the gut microbiome in the context of PCa chemoprevention, but how gut microbes may relate to individual responses to GTCs, which, in turn, can enhance clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagi B. Kumar
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Stephanie Hogue
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Julio Pow-Sang
- Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Michael Poch
- Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Brandon J. Manley
- Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Roger Li
- Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Jasreman Dhillon
- Anatomic Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Alice Yu
- Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Doratha A. Byrd
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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Bosland MC, Horton L, Condon MS. Effects of green tea on prostate carcinogenesis in rat models and a human prostate cancer xenograft model. Prostate 2022; 82:1117-1124. [PMID: 35485427 PMCID: PMC9246968 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is evidence to suggest that green tea soy may have protective effects against prostate cancer, but there are several epidemiologic and clinical studies that did not identify such an effect. We tested the notion of protective effects in a rat model of prostate carcinogenesis that has been predictive of the effects of selenium and vitamin E in randomized clinical trials and a human prostate cancer xenograft model in nude mice and rat prostate tumor cells transplanted in immune-competent syngeneic animals. METHODS Prostate cancer was induced in rats with methylnitrosourea and testosterone and tumor incidence was determined. Subcutaneous tumor growth was measured resulting from injected cells isolated from rat prostate cancers grafted in syngeneic animals and from the prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-producing human prostate cancer PC346 xenografted in nude mice. Brewed decaffeinated green tea infusion or caffeinated green tea extract and the same 300 mg/ml concentration of caffeine were provided in drinking water of the rats and nude mice. RESULTS Caffeinated green tea extract and caffeine provided in drinking water did not modify the induction of prostate cancer in the rat model compared with control rats. The same drinking water treatments also did not affect the growth and PSA production of PC346 human prostate cancer xenografts in nude mice and the growth of two transplantable rat prostate cancer tumor lines in Wistar Firth rats. Brewed green tea infusion as drinking water did also not affect tumor growth in these xeno- and allograft models. CONCLUSION These animal studies with drinking water exposure to green tea and caffeine do not support the idea that green tea is protective against prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten C. Bosland
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Lori Horton
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Mark S. Condon
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Allied Health and Biological Sciences, SUNY Dutchess Community College, Poughkeepsie, NY
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7
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Yang CS, Chen T, Ho CT. Redox and Other Biological Activities of Tea Catechins That May Affect Health: Mechanisms and Unresolved Issues. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:7887-7899. [PMID: 35727888 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The beneficial health effects of green tea have been attributed to tea catechins. However, the molecular mechanisms of action, especially those in vivo, remain unclear. This article reviews the redox and other activities of tea catechins, using (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), as an example. EGCG is a well-known antioxidant. However, EGCG can be oxidized to generate reactive oxygen species and EGCG quinone. We propose that EGCG quinone can react with Keap-1 to activate Nrf2-regulated cytoprotective enzymes. Tissue levels of catechins are important for their biological activities; a section is devoted to reviewing the biological fates of tea catechins after ingestion. Possible EGCG oxidation in vivo and whether the oligomeric forms are biologically active in animals are discussed. We also review the effects of EGCG on the activities of enzymes, receptors, and other signaling molecules through binding and raise a question about whether the autoxidation of EGCG in vitro may lead to artifacts or misinterpretation in some studies. Finally, we discuss the challenges in the extrapolation of in vitro results to situations in vivo and the translation of laboratory studies to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung S Yang
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Tingting Chen
- School of Food Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
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Zhao L, Zhao H, Zhao Y, Sui M, Liu J, Li P, Liu N, Zhang K. Role of Ginseng, Quercetin, and Tea in Enhancing Chemotherapeutic Efficacy of Colorectal Cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:939424. [PMID: 35795631 PMCID: PMC9252166 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.939424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most common gastrointestinal malignancy, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Although multimodal chemotherapy has effectively improved the prognosis of patients with CRC in recent years, severe chemotherapy-associated side effects and chemoresistance still greatly impair efficacy and limit its clinical application. In response to these challenges, an increasing number of traditional Chinese medicines have been used as synergistic agents for CRC administration. In particular, ginseng, quercetin, and tea, three common dietary supplements, have been shown to possess the potent capacity of enhancing the sensitivity of various chemotherapy drugs and reducing their side effects. Ginseng, also named “the king of herbs”, contains a great variety of anti-cancer compounds, among which ginsenosides are the most abundant and major research objects of various anti-tumor studies. Quercetin is a flavonoid and has been detected in multiple common foods, which possesses a wide range of pharmacological properties, especially with stronger anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects. As one of the most consumed beverages, tea has become particularly prevalent in both West and East in recent years. Tea and its major extracts, such as catechins and various constituents, were capable of significantly improving life quality and exerting anti-cancer effects both in vivo and in vitro. In this review, we mainly focused on the adjunctive effects of the three herbs and their constituents on the chemotherapy process of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxian Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Gastroenterology and Center of Digestive Endoscopy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongqing Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingxiu Sui
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinping Liu
- Research Center of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Pingya Li
- Research Center of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Ning Liu
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Kai Zhang
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Sohel M, Sultana H, Sultana T, Mamun AA, Amin MN, Hossain MA, Ali MC, Aktar S, Sultana A, Rahim ZB, Mitra S, Dash R. Chemotherapeutics activities of dietary phytoestrogens against prostate cancer: From observational to clinical studies. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:1561-1580. [PMID: 35652403 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220601153426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer remains one of the most frequent and deadliest malignancies in males, where the rate of disease progression is closely associated with the type of dietary intake, specifically Western-style diet. Indeed intake of the Asian diet, which contains abundant phytoestrogens, is inversely correlated with a higher risk of prostate cancer, suggesting a chemoprotective effect of phytoestrogen against cancer progression. Although the role of phytoestrogens in cancer treatment was well documented, their impact on prostate cancer is not well understood. Therefore, the present review discusses the possible chemopreventive effect of phytoestrogens, emphasizing their efficacy at the different stages of carcinogenesis. Furthermore, phytoestrogens provide a cytoprotective effect in conventional chemotherapy and enhance chemosensitivity to tumor cells, which have also been discussed. This compilation provides a solid basis for future research on phytoestrogens as a promising avenue for anticancer drug development and also recommends these beneficiary compounds in the daily diet to manage and prevent prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sohel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh.,Pratyasha Health Biomedical Research Center, Dhaka-1230. Bangladesh
| | - Habiba Sultana
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of life science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh
| | - Tayeba Sultana
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of life science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Nurul Amin
- Department of Pharmacy, Atish Dipankar University of Science and Technology, Dhaka-1230. Bangladesh.,Pratyasha Health Biomedical Research Center, Dhaka-1230. Bangladesh
| | - Md Arju Hossain
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of life science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh
| | - Md Chayan Ali
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Suraiya Aktar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Armin Sultana
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Zahed Bin Rahim
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Sarmistha Mitra
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Korea
| | - Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Korea
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Wang L, Tang X, Zhang S, Xie X, Li M, Liu Y, Wang S. Tea GOLDEN2- LIKE genes enhance catechin biosynthesis through activating R2R3-MYB transcription factor. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac117. [PMID: 35937860 PMCID: PMC9347013 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The biosynthesis of catechins, a major type of flavonoids accumulated in tea, is mediated by developmental cues and environmental stimuli. Light enhances but shading treatment reduces catechin accumulation in tea leaves. However, the transcription factors involved in light-mediated catechin biosynthesis remain to be identified. Two GOLDEN2 LIKE genes from tea plant (CsGLK1 and CsGLK2) were isolated and characterized in both tomato and tea plants. Transcripts of both CsGLK1 and CsGLK2 were affected by light intensity in tea plants. Overexpression of CsGLK1 and CsGLK2 promoted chloroplast development and carotenoid accumulation in tomato fruits. An integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic approach revealed that both catechin content and related biosynthetic genes were upregulated in CsGLK-overexpressing tomato leaves. Our further studies in tea plants indicated that CsGLKs directly regulate the transcription of CsMYB5b, a transcription factor involved in catechin biosynthesis. Suppression of CsGLKs in tea leaves led to the reduction of both CsMYB5b expression and catechin accumulation. Taken together, the results show that CsGLKs are involved in light-regulated catechin accumulation in tea plants by regulating expression of CsMYB5b and have great potential for enhancing the accumulation of both carotenoids and flavonoids in fruits of horticultural crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihuan Wang
- School of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiaofeng Tang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009 China
| | - Shiqiang Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009 China
| | - Xiang Xie
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009 China
| | - Mengfei Li
- School of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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McCarty MF. The Japanese Experience Suggests that Lethal Prostate Cancer is Almost Wholly Preventable with a Quasi-Vegan Diet, Soy Products, and Green Tea. Med Hypotheses 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2022.110839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Baseggio AM, Kido LA, Viganó J, Carneiro MJ, Lamas CDA, Martínez J, Sawaya ACHF, Cagnon VHA, Maróstica Júnior MR. Systemic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of yellow passion fruit bagasse extract during prostate cancer progression. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e13885. [PMID: 34338308 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the impact of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis sp.) bagasse extract (PFBE) administration in systemic oxidative and inflammatory parameters in vivo, considering prostate cancer progression in transgenic mice (TRAMP). Piceatannol, scirpusin-B, dicaffeoylquinic acid, citric acid, and (+)-catechin were identified in PFBE, and the extract showed high in vitro antioxidant capacity. Some alterations in systemic parameters were verified during prostate cancer progression, as the increase in ALT and MDA levels, and SOD and GPx activities in the plasma. In the liver, higher MDA, TNF-α, and NF-κB levels, and GR and GPx activities were verified. Compared to their respective controls, the short- and long-term PFBE administration reduced MDA levels in the liver and plasma. The long-term treatment increased the catalase activity in the plasma, while the short-term treatment increased the hepatic SOD and catalase activities. Still, a reduction in hepatic TNF-α and NF-κB levels was verified after long-term treatment. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Prostate cancer progression is associated with changes in systemic redox status and inflammation markers. Moreover, the intake of polyphenols with antioxidant properties, besides delaying prostate carcinogenesis, may improve the systemic antioxidant defenses and inflammatory response. In vitro studies pointed to a promising antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of yellow passion fruit bagasse. However, in vivo studies are scarce. Our results provided information about in vivo impacts of PFBE oral consumption on antioxidant defense and inflammation, indicating its potential as an adjuvant during the initial steps of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Mara Baseggio
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Larissa Akemi Kido
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.,Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Juliane Viganó
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Mara Junqueira Carneiro
- Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Celina de Almeida Lamas
- Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Julian Martínez
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Valéria Helena Alves Cagnon
- Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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13
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Guo S, Feng R, Hao W, Sun S, Wei C, Hu X. Nanoparticles with Multiple Enzymatic Activities Purified from Groundwater Efficiently Cross the Blood-Brain Barrier, Improve Memory, and Provide Neuroprotection. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:5503-5519. [PMID: 35006747 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Many engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) and drugs have been fabricated to improve memory and promote neuroprotection, but their use remains challenging due to their high cost, poor ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and many side effects. Herein, we found that nanoparticles with multiple enzymatic activities purified from groundwater (NMEGs) can efficiently cross the BBB and present memory-enhancing and neuroprotective effects in vitro and in vivo. In contrast to the adverse effects of chemicals and ENMs, NMEGs are able to cross the BBB by endocytosis without damaging the BBB and even possibly promote BBB integrity. NMEGs-treated normal mice were smarter and better behaved than saline-treated normal mice in the open-field test and Morris water maze test. NMEGs can enhance synaptic transmission by increasing neurotransmitter production and activating nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), activate the antioxidant enzyme system, and increase the number of mitochondria and ribosomes in cells. Intravenous NMEGs injection also rescued memory deficits and increased antioxidant capacity in Parkinson's disease (PD) mice due to the antioxidant activity caused by the presence of conjugated double bonds and abundant phenolic -OH groups. This study is a proof-of-principle demonstration that natural products are less expensive, more easily available, safer, and more effective ways to improve memory and promote neuroprotection than ENMs and reported drugs. Our article also shows the potential of NMEGs as a PD treatment in patients via intravenous injection, as they avoid the complex modifications of ENMs. In the future, it will be possible to treat PD by intravenously injecting NMEGs in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Ruihong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Weidan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Shan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Changhong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiangang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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14
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Hassanen EI, Ibrahim MA, Hassan AM, Mehanna S, Aljuaydi SH, Issa MY. Neuropathological and Cognitive Effects Induced by CuO-NPs in Rats and Trials for Prevention Using Pomegranate Juice. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:1264-1279. [PMID: 33570729 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03264-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) are extensively utilized in several industries and in pharmaceutical production. This excess exposure elevates the concern about its expected poisonous impacts on humans and animals. Pomegranate juice (PJ) is a natural source of polyphenols and exhibits potent antioxidant activities. Our experiment intended to explore the neurobehavioral and toxicopathological impacts of CuO-NPs and to explain the mechanistic role of PJ to reduce their toxicity. Thirty Wistar albino rats received the subsequent materials through oral gavage, every day for 28d: (1) normal saline, (2) 3 mL/kg bwt PJ, (3) 6 mL/kg bwt PJ, (4) 300 mg/kg bwt CuO-NPs, (5) CuO-NPs + 3 mL/kg bwt PJ, (6) CuO-NPs + 6 mL/kg bwt PJ. Continuous exposure to CuO-NPs caused a significant elevation of MDA levels and reduction of total antioxidant capacity associated with remarkable pathological alterations in all brain regions including cerebrum, hippocampus and cerebellum. Progressive decline of memory along with cognitive and psychiatric disturbances were observed in rats exposed to CuO-NPs not in PJ co-treated rats. Continuous exposure to CuO-NPs caused over expression of the immunohistochemical markers of caspase-3, iNOS and GFAP altogether with DAN fragmentation and down-regulation of HO-1 and Nrf2 gene in the whole brain tissues. Conversely, rats co-treated with PJ showed dose dependent improvements in the entire toxicological, behavioral, and pathological parameters. We showed that PJ had the ability to reduce the oxidative stress damage via up-regulation of HO-1 and Nrf2 genes in the brain. So that PJ had the ability to protect the brain and DNA from further damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman I Hassanen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Pathology Department, Cairo University, P.O. Box 12211, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Marwa A Ibrahim
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Biochemistry Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Azza M Hassan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Pathology Department, Cairo University, P.O. Box 12211, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sally Mehanna
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Hygiene and Management, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Samira H Aljuaydi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Biochemistry Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa Y Issa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacognosy Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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15
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Cellular and Molecular Progression of Prostate Cancer: Models for Basic and Preclinical Research. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092651. [PMID: 32957478 PMCID: PMC7563251 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The molecular progression of prostate cancer is complex and elusive. Biological research relies heavily on in vitro and in vivo models that can be used to examine gene functions and responses to the external agents in laboratory and preclinical settings. Over the years, several models have been developed and found to be very helpful in understanding the biology of prostate cancer. Here we describe these models in the context of available information on the cellular and molecular progression of prostate cancer to suggest their potential utility in basic and preclinical prostate cancer research. The information discussed herein should serve as a hands-on resource for scholars engaged in prostate cancer research or to those who are making a transition to explore the complex biology of prostate cancer. Abstract We have witnessed noteworthy progress in our understanding of prostate cancer over the past decades. This basic knowledge has been translated into efficient diagnostic and treatment approaches leading to the improvement in patient survival. However, the molecular pathogenesis of prostate cancer appears to be complex, and histological findings often do not provide an accurate assessment of disease aggressiveness and future course. Moreover, we also witness tremendous racial disparity in prostate cancer incidence and clinical outcomes necessitating a deeper understanding of molecular and mechanistic bases of prostate cancer. Biological research heavily relies on model systems that can be easily manipulated and tested under a controlled experimental environment. Over the years, several cancer cell lines have been developed representing diverse molecular subtypes of prostate cancer. In addition, several animal models have been developed to demonstrate the etiological molecular basis of the prostate cancer. In recent years, patient-derived xenograft and 3-D culture models have also been created and utilized in preclinical research. This review is an attempt to succinctly discuss existing information on the cellular and molecular progression of prostate cancer. We also discuss available model systems and their tested and potential utility in basic and preclinical prostate cancer research.
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16
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Tang Y, Cao J, Cai Z, An H, Li Y, Peng Y, Chen N, Luo A, Tao H, Li K. Epigallocatechin gallate induces chemopreventive effects on rats with diethylnitrosamine‑induced liver cancer via inhibition of cell division cycle 25A. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:3873-3885. [PMID: 33000276 PMCID: PMC7533491 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the most active monomer in green tea (GT), has demonstrated potential therapeutic and preventive effects on various tumors, including liver cancer. However, the anticancer mechanisms of EGCG in liver cancer remain to be elucidated. The abnormal expression of cell division cycle 25A (CDC25A) has been identified in liver cancer and is closely associated with malignancy and poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The present study used human hepatoma cell lines and rats with diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced HCC as models to investigate the association between the effect of EGCG on liver cancer and regulation of the p21waf1/Cip1/CDC25A axis. The results demonstrated that EGCG can inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 and Huh7 cells, reduce the expression of CDC25A and increase the expression of p21waf1/Cip1 in HepG2. In vivo, HCC was induced by DEN in Sprague-Dawley rats. EGCG significantly reduced tumor volume and improved the survival rates of rats with HCC. The expression levels of CDC25A mRNA and protein in liver tissues and the level of serum γ glutamyl transpeptidase in rats treated with EGCG were significantly decreased, while p21waf1/Cip1 mRNA and protein expression levels were increased compared with the HCC group, in the process of DEN-induced HCC. No significant difference in the chemopreventive effects on liver cancer was observed between GT extract and EGCG under an EGCG equivalence condition. Thus, EGCG can suppress human hepatoma cell proliferation and prolong the survival of rats with HCC, and the potential mechanism may be involved in EGCG-induced upregulation of p21waf1/Cip1 and downregulation of CDC25A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Tang
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Ji Cao
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Zhengmin Cai
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Huihua An
- Department of Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yuqun Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Ni Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Anqiang Luo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Hao Tao
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Kezhi Li
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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17
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(−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate suppresses prostate cancer cell growth via activating miR-520a-3p. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s43450-020-00079-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Weir TL, Trikha SRJ, Thompson HJ. Diet and cancer risk reduction: The role of diet-microbiota interactions and microbial metabolites. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 70:53-60. [PMID: 32574813 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
According to recent estimates, over one third of the human population will be diagnosed with cancer at some point in their lifetime. While genetic factors play a large part in cancer risk, as much as 50 % of cancers may be preventable through various lifestyle modifications. Nutrition is a major modifiable risk factor, both through its impacts on obesity as well as through dietary chemical exposures that can either increase or decrease cancer risk. However, specific associations and mechanistic links between diet and cancer risk are either inconsistent or elusive. New insights regarding the reciprocal interactions between diet and the gut microbiota, the trillions of organisms that reside in our intestines, may help clarify how diet impacts cancer. The gut microbiota is largely shaped by an individual's diet and has far-reaching effects on metabolism, the immune system, and inflammation- important factors in the development and progression of various cancers. Likewise, the microbiota modifies dietary components, and consequently, exposure to metabolites that can influence cancer. This review explores some of these diet-microbiota interactions in the context of their potential impacts on cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany L Weir
- Intestinal Health Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1571, United States.
| | - S Raj J Trikha
- Intestinal Health Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1571, United States
| | - Henry J Thompson
- Cancer Prevention Laboratory, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States
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Vahabzadeh Z, Molodi M, Nikkho B, Saghebjoo M, Saedmocheshi S, Zamani F, Roshani Y, Babanzadeh S. Aerobic training and hydroalcoholic extracts of green tea improve pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance and histopathological score in the N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced prostate cancer model of rat. EXCLI JOURNAL 2020; 19:762-772. [PMID: 32636729 PMCID: PMC7332805 DOI: 10.17179/excli2019-2069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Green tea is a main resource for catechins. Catechins as antioxidant compounds reduce the production of reactive oxygen species and they have a protective role in the development of cancer. As well as, aerobic exercise change free radicals with two contradictory mechanisms. Aerobic training promotes excessive production of free radicals resulting in oxidative stress. In contrast, it increases the total antioxidant capacity. In this study, effect of aerobic training and hydroalcoholic extract of green tea (HEGT) on the pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and histopathological score of cancerous tissue in the N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced prostate cancer was investigated. A rat model of prostate cancer was induced by hormonal change and N-Nitroso-N-methylurea (NMU). HEGT 0.1 % and 45 min of aerobic exercise in 5 days a week for eight weeks were scheduled. The presence of major catechins was approved using GC-MS. Histological study, PAB and PSA levels were used to monitor the preventive role of treatments. The prostate weights of cancerous rats were significantly higher than healthy controls (P<0.05). The PAB was only significantly higher in cancerous rats and cancerous rats receiving aerobic exercise (P<0.05). The mean of histological score of cancerous tissue was reduced in rat receiving HEGT and both HEGT and aerobic exercise. The amounts of PSA level did not significantly differ between the groups of this study (P>0.05). Our results provided laboratory and histological documentation for the preventive role of green tea extract in developing prostate cancer via its potential to re-establish the pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Vahabzadeh
- Liver & Digestive Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Mohammadraman Molodi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Bahram Nikkho
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Saghebjoo
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Saber Saedmocheshi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zamani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Yazdan Roshani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Sina Babanzadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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20
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Joint Toxicity of a Multi-Heavy Metal Mixture and Chemoprevention in Sprague Dawley Rats. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17041451. [PMID: 32102388 PMCID: PMC7068392 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17041451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To explore the joint toxicity and bio-accumulation of multi-heavy metals and potential chemoprevention strategies, Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (n = 30) were treated orally once a week for six months with 500mg/kg•bw of eight heavy metals which were commonly identified in aquatic products in the Ningbo area including chromium, manganese, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium, mercury, and lead. At the same time, 200mg/kg•bw of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), trisodium citrate dihydrate (TCD) or glutathione (GSH) were administered to evaluate their antagonistic effects against adverse effects of multi-heavy metal mixture. The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate spatial learning and memory in the treated rats. Then the rats were anesthetized by pentobarbital sodium (40 mg/kg•bw) to obtain blood samples for biochemical analysis and organs (heart, liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, brain, testis) to be conducted for biopsy and organ coefficients. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) was used to analyze the concentrations of heavy metals. Results indicated that six months of exposure to a multi-heavy metal mixture under this experimental dosage resulted in accumulation in organs and adverse effects on the blood, reproductive system, and liver function. EGCG, TCD or GSH all showed certain chemoprevention effects against the joint toxicity induced by the multi-heavy metal mixture and indicated alleviation and the potential mechanism that also included the promotion of excretion of metals to which animals were exposed.
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Abstract
Metastasis of cells from primary site to distant organs involves a series of sequential steps, and molecules responsible for all these events are understandably considered as potential targets for metastasis management. Tea polyphenols, the secondary metabolites of the tea leaf Camellia sinensis, are increasingly being studied for their antimetastatic properties. In this article, effects of green tea polyphenols (GTP) and black tea polyphenols (BTP) on the molecules and events involved in metastasis are discussed in detail. As tea is a very popular beverage, tea polyphenols are expected to be potential chemopreventive agents that can be taken with normal diet and can be nontoxic due to their natural origin. However, individual variations in metabolic pathways, bioavailability, dose, and toxicity are some important factors that can modify the effectiveness of tea polyphenols within the human system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niladri Bag
- Department of Horticulture, Sikkim University, Gangtok, India
| | - Arundhati Bag
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, India
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22
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Deb G, Shankar E, Thakur VS, Ponsky LE, Bodner DR, Fu P, Gupta S. Green tea-induced epigenetic reactivation of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-3 suppresses prostate cancer progression through histone-modifying enzymes. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:1194-1207. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.23003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gauri Deb
- Department of Urology; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland Ohio
- Department of Biotechnology; Indian Institute of Technology; Guwahati Assam India
| | - Eswar Shankar
- Department of Urology; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland Ohio
| | - Vijay S. Thakur
- Department of Urology; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland Ohio
| | - Lee E. Ponsky
- Department of Urology; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland Ohio
- Department of Urology; The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center; Cleveland Ohio
| | - Donald R. Bodner
- Department of Urology; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland Ohio
- Department of Urology; The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center; Cleveland Ohio
| | - Pingfu Fu
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland Ohio
- Department of Nutrition; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland Ohio
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Urology; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland Ohio
- Department of Urology; The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center; Cleveland Ohio
- Division of General Medical Sciences; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center; Cleveland Ohio
- Department of Nutrition; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland Ohio
- Department of Urology; Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Cleveland Ohio
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23
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Rady I, Mohamed H, Rady M, Siddiqui IA, Mukhtar H. Cancer preventive and therapeutic effects of EGCG, the major polyphenol in green tea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbas.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Islam Rady
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hadir Mohamed
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Mohamad Rady
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Imtiaz A. Siddiqui
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Hasan Mukhtar
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA
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24
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Dinh TC, Thi Phuong TN, Minh LB, Minh Thuc VT, Bac ND, Van Tien N, Pham VH, Show PL, Tao Y, Nhu Ngoc VT, Bich Ngoc NT, Jurgoński A, Thimiri Govinda Raj DB, Van Tu P, Ha VN, Czarzasta J, Chu DT. The effects of green tea on lipid metabolism and its potential applications for obesity and related metabolic disorders - An existing update. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:1667-1673. [PMID: 31336539 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is one of the top global issues, which induces several serious health consequences both physically and mentally, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, dyslipidemia, eating disorders, depression and stress. However, the effective therapy to prevent and treat obesity and overweight, up to now, cannot be found nowadays. Several methods/medicines namely diet control, energy balance, environmental changes, genetic and stem cell therapies, new drugs/chemicals have been extensively studied to enhance the ability to control bodyweight and prevent obesity. Of all the aforementioned methods, green tea, used as a daily beverage, has shown beneficial impacts for the health, especially its anti-obesity effects. Available evidence shows that green tea can interrupt lipid emulsification, reduce adipocyte differentiation, increase thermogenesis, and reduce food intake, thus green tea improves the systemic metabolism and decreases fat mass. Here, we highlight and sum up the update investigations of anti-obesity effect of green tea as well as discuss the potential application of them for preventing obesity and its related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thien Chu Dinh
- Institute for Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang, Viet Nam
| | - Thuy Nguyen Thi Phuong
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, South Korea
| | - Le Bui Minh
- NTT Hi-tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh St., Ward 13, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | | | | | - Nguyen Van Tien
- 103 Military Central Hospital, Vietnam Military Medical University Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Van Huy Pham
- AI Lab, Faculty of Information Technology, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Yang Tao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 8, 210095, China
| | | | | | - Adam Jurgoński
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
| | | | - Pham Van Tu
- Faculty of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Vu Ngoc Ha
- Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Joanna Czarzasta
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Dinh-Toi Chu
- School of Odonto Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Faculty of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
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Sen A, Papadimitriou N, Lagiou P, Perez-Cornago A, Travis RC, Key TJ, Murphy N, Gunter M, Freisling H, Tzoulaki I, Muller DC, Cross AJ, Lopez DS, Bergmann M, Boeing H, Bamia C, Kotanidou A, Karakatsani A, Tjønneland A, Kyrø C, Outzen M, Redondo ML, Cayssials V, Chirlaque MD, Barricarte A, Sánchez MJ, Larrañaga N, Tumino R, Grioni S, Palli D, Caini S, Sacerdote C, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Kühn T, Kaaks R, Nilsson LM, Landberg R, Wallström P, Drake I, Bech BH, Overvad K, Aune D, Khaw KT, Riboli E, Trichopoulos D, Trichopoulou A, Tsilidis KK. Coffee and tea consumption and risk of prostate cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Int J Cancer 2019; 144:240-250. [PMID: 29943826 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The epidemiological evidence regarding the association of coffee and tea consumption with prostate cancer risk is inconclusive, and few cohort studies have assessed these associations by disease stage and grade. We examined the associations of coffee (total, caffeinated and decaffeinated) and tea intake with prostate cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Among 142,196 men, 7,036 incident prostate cancer cases were diagnosed over 14 years of follow-up. Data on coffee and tea consumption were collected through validated country-specific food questionnaires at baseline. We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to compute hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Models were stratified by center and age, and adjusted for anthropometric, lifestyle and dietary factors. Median coffee and tea intake were 375 and 106 mL/day, respectively, but large variations existed by country. Comparing the highest (median of 855 mL/day) versus lowest (median of 103 mL/day) consumers of coffee and tea (450 vs. 12 mL/day) the HRs were 1.02 (95% CI, 0.94-1.09) and 0.98 (95% CI, 0.90-1.07) for risk of total prostate cancer and 0.97 (95% CI, 0.79-1.21) and 0.89 (95% CI, 0.70-1.13) for risk of fatal disease, respectively. No evidence of association was seen for consumption of total, caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee or tea and risk of total prostate cancer or cancer by stage, grade or fatality in this large cohort. Further investigations are needed to clarify whether an association exists by different preparations or by concentrations and constituents of these beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Sen
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Nikos Papadimitriou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, and Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Aurora Perez-Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy J Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Murphy
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Marc Gunter
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David C Muller
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda J Cross
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David S Lopez
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas-School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
- Division of Urology, The University of Texas Medical School, Houston, Texas
| | - Manuela Bergmann
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Christina Bamia
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, and Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Kotanidou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, University of Athens Medical School, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Karakatsani
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- 2nd Pulmonary Medicine Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "ATTIKON" University Hospital, Haidari, Greece
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cecilie Kyrø
- Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Malene Outzen
- Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Valerie Cayssials
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria-Dolores Chirlaque
- Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Aurelio Barricarte
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria-Jose Sánchez
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA. Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Nerea Larrañaga
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Regional Government of the Basque Country, Donostia, Spain
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, "Civic-M.P.Arezzo" Hospital, Ragusa, Italy
| | - Sara Grioni
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori via Venezian 1, Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute-ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - Saverio Caini
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute-ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital and Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO), Turin, Italy
| | - Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lena Maria Nilsson
- Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, Umeå University, Sweden
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Wallström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, 205 02, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Isabel Drake
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, 205 02, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Bodil Hammer Bech
- Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Bjørknes University College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dimitrios Trichopoulos
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, and Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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26
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Anti-Cancer Effects of Green Tea Polyphenols Against Prostate Cancer. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24010193. [PMID: 30621039 PMCID: PMC6337309 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men. Green tea consumption is reported to play an important role in the prevention of carcinogenesis in many types of malignancies, including prostate cancer; however, epidemiological studies show conflicting results regarding these anti-cancer effects. In recent years, in addition to prevention, many investigators have shown the efficacy and safety of green tea polyphenols and combination therapies with green tea extracts and anti-cancer agents in in vivo and in vitro studies. Furthermore, numerous studies have revealed the molecular mechanisms of the anti-cancer effects of green tea extracts. We believe that improved understanding of the detailed pathological roles at the molecular level is important to evaluate the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer. Therefore, in this review, we present current knowledge regarding the anti-cancer effects of green tea extracts in the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer, with a particular focus on the molecular mechanisms of action, such as influencing tumor growth, apoptosis, androgen receptor signaling, cell cycle, and various malignant behaviors. Finally, the future direction for the use of green tea extracts as treatment strategies in patients with prostate cancer is introduced.
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Caban M, Owczarek K, Chojnacka K, Lewandowska U. Overview of polyphenols and polyphenol-rich extracts as modulators of IGF-1, IGF-1R, and IGFBP expression in cancer diseases. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Kumar NB, Dickinson SI, Schell MJ, Manley BJ, Poch MA, Pow-Sang J. Green tea extract for prevention of prostate cancer progression in patients on active surveillance. Oncotarget 2018; 9:37798-37806. [PMID: 30701033 PMCID: PMC6340872 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Active surveillance (AS) has evolved as a management strategy for men with low grade prostate cancer (PCa). However, these patients report anxiety, doubts about the possible progression of the disease as well as higher decisional conflict regarding selection of active surveillance, and have been reported to ultimately opt for treatment without any major change in tumor characteristics. Currently, there is a paucity of research that systematically examines alternate strategies for this target population. Methods We conducted a review the evidence from epidemiological, in vitro, preclinical and early phase trials that have evaluated green tea catechins (GTC) for secondary chemoprevention of prostate cancer, focused on men opting for active surveillanceof low grade PCa. Results Results of our review of the in vitro, preclinical and phase I-II trials, demonstrates that green tea catechins (GTC) can modulate several relevant intermediate biological intermediate endpoint biomarkers implicated in prostate carcinogenesis as well as clinical progression of PCa, without major side effects. Discussion Although clinical trials using GTC have been evaluated in early phase trials in men diagnosed with High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Atypical Small Acinar Proliferation and in men with localized disease before prostatectomy, the effect of GTC on biological and clinical biomarkers implicated in prostate cancer progression have not been evaluated in this patient population. Conclusion Results of these studies promise to provide a strategy for secondary chemoprevention, reduce morbidities due to overtreatment and improve quality of life in men diagnosed with low-grade PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagi B Kumar
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Inc., Cancer Epidemiology, MRC/CANCONT, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Shohreh I Dickinson
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Inc., Pathology Anatomic MMG, WCB-GU PROG, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Michael J Schell
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Inc., Biostatics and Bioinformatics, MRC-BIOSTAT, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Brandon J Manley
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, GU Oncology MMG, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Michael A Poch
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, GU Oncology MMG, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Julio Pow-Sang
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, GU Oncology MMG, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
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Yasuda T, Miyata Y, Nakamura Y, Sagara Y, Matsuo T, Ohba K, Sakai H. High Consumption of Green Tea Suppresses Urinary Tract Recurrence of Urothelial Cancer via Down-regulation of Human Antigen-R Expression in Never Smokers. In Vivo 2018; 32:721-729. [PMID: 29936451 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Smoking is a risk factor for carcinogenesis and progression of urothelial cancer (UC). Green tea polyphenol inhibits these malignant behaviors and suppresses human antigen R (HuR) expression, which is associated with malignant aggressiveness. This study aimed to clarify the anti-cancer effects of green tea based on the smoking status of UC patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Three hundred and sixty (260 with bladder cancer, BC and 100 with upper tract UC) patients were divided into three groups based on consumption of green tea: low (<1 cup/day, n=119), middle (1-4 cup/day, n=160), and high (>5 cup/day, n=81). HuR immunoreactivity was evaluated immunohistochemically in formalin-fixed specimens. RESULTS In never smokers, multivariate analysis showed that the frequency of green tea consumption was a significant predictor (middle: hazard ratio, HR, 0.36, p=0.002; high: HR, 0.20, p=0.003) of urinary tract recurrence. A high consumption of green tea was associated with low rates of urinary tract recurrence and up-grading in UC patients. In BC, high consumption was associated with a lower risk of up-grading (p=0.011) and up-staging (p=0.041) in recurrent cancer. HuR expression in the high-consumption group was lower (p=0.019) than that in other groups. These significant findings were not detected in ever smokers. CONCLUSION High consumption of green tea suppressed urinary tract recurrence and the risks of up-grading and up-staging by recurrence in never smokers. Our results suggested that HuR expression played important roles in such mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuji Yasuda
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Miyata
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Nakamura
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yuji Sagara
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Matsuo
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kojiro Ohba
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hideki Sakai
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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Shirakami Y, Shimizu M. Possible Mechanisms of Green Tea and Its Constituents against Cancer. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092284. [PMID: 30205425 PMCID: PMC6225266 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of epidemiological, clinical, and experimental researches have indicated that administration of green tea appears to have anti-cancer activity. According to findings of laboratory cell culture studies, a diverse mechanism has been observed underlying the effects of green tea catechins against cancer. These mechanisms include anti-oxidant activity, cell cycle regulation, receptor tyrosine kinase pathway inhibition, immune system modulation, and epigenetic modification control. This review discusses the results of these studies to provide more insight into the effects of green tea administration on cancers observed to date in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Shirakami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Masahito Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
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Nakano S, Megro SI, Hase T, Suzuki T, Isemura M, Nakamura Y, Ito S. Computational Molecular Docking and X-ray Crystallographic Studies of Catechins in New Drug Design Strategies. Molecules 2018; 23:E2020. [PMID: 30104534 PMCID: PMC6222539 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23082020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and laboratory studies have shown that green tea and green tea catechins exert beneficial effects on a variety of diseases, including cancer, metabolic syndrome, infectious diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. In most cases, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) has been shown to play a central role in these effects by green tea. Catechins from other plant sources have also shown health benefits. Many studies have revealed that the binding of EGCG and other catechins to proteins is involved in its action mechanism. Computational docking analysis (CMDA) and X-ray crystallographic analysis (XCA) have provided detailed information on catechin-protein interactions. Several of these studies have revealed that the galloyl moiety anchors it to the cleft of proteins through interactions with its hydroxyl groups, explaining the higher activity of galloylated catechins such as EGCG and epicatechin gallate than non-galloylated catechins. In this paper, we review the results of CMDA and XCA of EGCG and other plant catechins to understand catechin-protein interactions with the expectation of developing new drugs with health-promoting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Nakano
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Shizuoka University, Yada, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Shin-Ichi Megro
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Ichikai-machi, Haga-gun, Tochigi 321-3497, Japan.
| | - Tadashi Hase
- Research and Development, Core Technology, Kao Corporation, Sumida, Tokyo 131-8501, Japan.
| | - Takuji Suzuki
- Faculty of Education, Art and Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan.
| | - Mamoru Isemura
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Shizuoka University, Yada, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Yoriyuki Nakamura
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Shizuoka University, Yada, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Sohei Ito
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Shizuoka University, Yada, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
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YASUDA TAKUJI, MIYATA YASUYOSHI, NAKAMURA YUICHIRO, SAGARA YUJI, MATSUO TOMOHIRO, OHBA KOJIRO, SAKAI HIDEKI. High Consumption of Green Tea Suppresses Urinary Tract Recurrence of Urothelial Cancer via Down-regulation of Human Antigen-R Expression in Never Smokers. In Vivo 2018; 32. [PMID: 29936451 PMCID: PMC6117785 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.112300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Smoking is a risk factor for carcinogenesis and progression of urothelial cancer (UC). Green tea polyphenol inhibits these malignant behaviors and suppresses human antigen R (HuR) expression, which is associated with malignant aggressiveness. This study aimed to clarify the anti-cancer effects of green tea based on the smoking status of UC patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Three hundred and sixty (260 with bladder cancer, BC and 100 with upper tract UC) patients were divided into three groups based on consumption of green tea: low (<1 cup/day, n=119), middle (1-4 cup/day, n=160), and high (>5 cup/day, n=81). HuR immunoreactivity was evaluated immunohistochemically in formalin-fixed specimens. RESULTS In never smokers, multivariate analysis showed that the frequency of green tea consumption was a significant predictor (middle: hazard ratio, HR, 0.36, p=0.002; high: HR, 0.20, p=0.003) of urinary tract recurrence. A high consumption of green tea was associated with low rates of urinary tract recurrence and up-grading in UC patients. In BC, high consumption was associated with a lower risk of up-grading (p=0.011) and up-staging (p=0.041) in recurrent cancer. HuR expression in the high-consumption group was lower (p=0.019) than that in other groups. These significant findings were not detected in ever smokers. CONCLUSION High consumption of green tea suppressed urinary tract recurrence and the risks of up-grading and up-staging by recurrence in never smokers. Our results suggested that HuR expression played important roles in such mechanisms.
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Li F, Wang Y, Li D, Chen Y, Qiao X, Fardous R, Lewandowski A, Liu J, Chan TH, Dou QP. Perspectives on the recent developments with green tea polyphenols in drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2018; 13:643-660. [PMID: 29688074 PMCID: PMC6287262 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2018.1465923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Increasing evidence has expanded the role of green tea from a traditional beverage to a source of pharmacologically active molecules with diverse health benefits. However, conclusive clinical results are needed to better elucidate the cancer-preventive and therapeutic effects of green tea polyphenols (GTPs). Areas covered: The authors describe GTPs' chemical compositions and metabolic biotransformations, and their recent developments in drug discovery, focusing on their cancer chemopreventive and therapeutic effects. They then review the recent development of GTP-loaded nanoparticles and GTP prodrugs. Expert opinion: GTPs possess potent anticarcinogenic activities through interfering with the initiation, development and progression phases of cancer. There are several challenges (e.g. poor bioavailability) in developing GTPs as therapeutic agents. Use of nanoparticle-based delivery systems has provided unique advantages over purified GTPs. However, there is still a need to determine the actual magnitude and pharmacological mechanisms of GTPs encapsulated in nanoparticles, in order to address newly emerging safety issues associated with the potential 'local overdose' effect. The use of Pro- epigallocatechin gallate (Pro-EGCG) as a prodrug appears to offer improved in vitro stability as well as better in vivo bioavailability and efficacies in a number of animal studies, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for further study and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, People’s Republic of China
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Departments of Oncology, Pharmacology and Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R Road Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Yongli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dapeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yilun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuguang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rania Fardous
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Departments of Oncology, Pharmacology and Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R Road Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Ashton Lewandowski
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Departments of Oncology, Pharmacology and Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R Road Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Jinbao Liu
- Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tak-Hang Chan
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Q. Ping Dou
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Departments of Oncology, Pharmacology and Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R Road Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People’s Republic of China
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34
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Cutrim CS, Cortez MAS. A review on polyphenols: Classification, beneficial effects and their application in dairy products. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camila Sampaio Cutrim
- Laboratory of Technology of Dairy Products; Food Technology Department; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Fluminense Federal University; 24230-340 Niterói Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Sloboda Cortez
- Laboratory of Technology of Dairy Products; Food Technology Department; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Fluminense Federal University; 24230-340 Niterói Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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Patel R, Khalifa AO, Isali I, Shukla S. Prostate cancer susceptibility and growth linked to Y chromosome genes. Front Biosci (Elite Ed) 2018; 10:423-436. [PMID: 29293466 PMCID: PMC6152832 DOI: 10.2741/e830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The role of Y chromosome in prostate cancer progression and incidence is not well known. Among the 46 chromosomes, Y chromosome determines the male gender. The Y chromosome is smaller than the X chromosome and contains only 458 genes compared to over 2000 genes found in the X chromosome. The Y chromosome is prone to high mutation rates, created exclusively in sperm cells due to the highly oxidative environment of the testis. Y chromosome harbors epigenetic information, which affects the expression of genes associated with the incidence and progression of prostate cancer. In this review, we focus on Y chromosome related genetic abnormalities, likely to be involved in the development and progression of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riddhi Patel
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ahmad O Khalifa
- Urology Dept. Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio and Menofia University, Shebin Al kom, Egpt
| | - Ilaha Isali
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sanjeev Shukla
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, USA,
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Fujiki H, Watanabe T, Sueoka E, Rawangkan A, Suganuma M. Cancer Prevention with Green Tea and Its Principal Constituent, EGCG: from Early Investigations to Current Focus on Human Cancer Stem Cells. Mol Cells 2018; 41:73-82. [PMID: 29429153 PMCID: PMC5824026 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.2227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer preventive activities of green tea and its main constituent, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) have been extensively studied by scientists all over the world. Since 1983, we have studied the cancer chemopreventive effects of EGCG as well as green tea extract and underlying molecular mechanisms. The first part of this review summarizes ground-breaking topics with EGCG and green tea extract: 1) Delayed cancer onset as revealed by a 10-year prospective cohort study, 2) Prevention of colorectal adenoma recurrence by a double-blind randomized clinical phase II trial, 3) Inhibition of metastasis of B16 melanoma cells to the lungs of mice, 4) Increase in the average value of Young's moduli, i.e., cell stiffness, for human lung cancer cell lines and inhibition of cell motility and 5) Synergistic enhancement of anticancer activity against human cancer cell lines with the combination of EGCG and anticancer compounds. In the second part, we became interested in cancer stem cells (CSCs). 1) Cancer stem cells in mouse skin carcinogenesis by way of introduction, after which we discuss two subjects from our review on human CSCs reported by other investigators gathered from a search of PubMed, 2) Expression of stemness markers of human CSCs compared with their parental cells, and 3) EGCG decreases or increases the expression of mRNA and protein in human CSCs. On this point, EGCG inhibited self-renewal and expression of pluripotency-maintaining transcription factors in human CSCs. Human CSCs are thus a target for cancer prevention and treatment with EGCG and green tea catechins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirota Fujiki
- Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501,
Japan
| | - Tatsuro Watanabe
- Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501,
Japan
| | - Eisaburo Sueoka
- Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501,
Japan
| | - Anchalee Rawangkan
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570,
Japan
| | - Masami Suganuma
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570,
Japan
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Suman S, Das TP, Moselhy J, Pal D, Kolluru V, Alatassi H, Ankem MK, Damodaran C. Oral administration of withaferin A inhibits carcinogenesis of prostate in TRAMP model. Oncotarget 2018; 7:53751-53761. [PMID: 27447565 PMCID: PMC5288218 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that withaferin A (WA), a natural compound, deters prostate cancer by inhibiting AKT while inducing apoptosis. In the current study, we examined its chemopreventive efficacy against carcinogenesis in the prostate using the transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) model. Two distinct sets of experiments were conducted. To determine whether WA delays tumor progression, it was given before cancer onset, at week 6, and until week 44. To determine its effect after the onset of prostate cancer, it was given from weeks 12 to 35. In both strategies, oral administration of WA effectively suppressed tumor burden when compared to vehicle-treated animals. No toxicity was seen in treated animals at gross pathological examination. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry of tumor sections revealed that in TRAMP controls, AKT and pAKT were highly expressed while nuclear FOXO3a and Par-4 were downregulated. On the contrary, treated mice showed inhibition of AKT signaling and activation of FOX03a-Par-4-induced cell death. They also displayed inhibition of mesenchymal markers such as β-catenin, vimentin, and snail as well as upregulation of E-cadherin. Because expressions of the angiogenic markers factor VIII and retic were downregulated, an anti-angiogenic role of WA is suggested. Overall, our results suggest that WA could be a promising anti-cancer agent that effectively inhibits carcinogenesis of the prostate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Suman
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Trinath P Das
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Jim Moselhy
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Deeksha Pal
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, KY, USA
| | | | - Houda Alatassi
- Department of Pathology, University of Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Murali K Ankem
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, KY, USA
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Jiao L, Bi L, Lu Y, Wang Q, Gong Y, Shi J, Xu L. Cancer chemoprevention and therapy using chinese herbal medicine. Biol Proced Online 2018; 20:1. [PMID: 29321719 PMCID: PMC5757296 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-017-0066-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays an indispensable role in cancer prevention and treatment. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is a key component of TCM and has been practiced for thousands of years. A number of naturally occurring products from Chinese herbs extracts exhibit strong inhibitory properties against carcinogenesis, including CHM single-herb extracts, CHM-derived active components, and CHM formulas (the polyherbal combinations), which regulate JAK/STAT, MAPK, and NF-ҡB pathways. The present review aims to report the cancer-preventive effect of CHM with evidence from cell-line, animal, epidemiological, and clinical experiments. We also present several issues that have yet to be resolved. In the future, cancer prevention by CHM will face unprecedented opportunities and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Jiao
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437 China.,Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.110, Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200437 China
| | - Ling Bi
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.110, Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200437 China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.110, Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200437 China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.110, Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200437 China
| | - Yabin Gong
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.110, Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200437 China
| | - Jun Shi
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.110, Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200437 China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.110, Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200437 China
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Gee JR, Saltzstein DR, Kim K, Kolesar J, Huang W, Havighurst TC, Wollmer BW, Stublaski J, Downs T, Mukhtar H, House MG, Parnes HL, Bailey HH. A Phase II Randomized, Double-blind, Presurgical Trial of Polyphenon E in Bladder Cancer Patients to Evaluate Pharmacodynamics and Bladder Tissue Biomarkers. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2017; 10:298-307. [PMID: 28325826 PMCID: PMC5503683 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-16-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We performed a phase II pharmacodynamic prevention trial of Polyphenon E [a green tea polyphenol formulation primarily consisting of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)] in patients prior to bladder cancer surgery. Patients with a bladder tumor were randomized to receive Polyphenon E containing either 800 or 1,200 mg of EGCG or placebo for 14 to 28 days prior to transurethral resection of bladder tumor or cystectomy. The primary objective was to compare the postintervention EGCG tissue levels in patients receiving Polyphenon E as compared with placebo. Secondary objectives included assessments of tissue expression of PCNA, MMP2, clusterin, VEGF, p27, IGF-1, IGFBP-3; correlation of tissue, plasma, and urine levels of EGCG; and EGCG metabolism by catechol-O-methyltransferase and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase pharmacogenomic mutations. Thirty-one patients (male:female, 26:5; mean age, 67.2 years) were randomized and 29 (94%) completed the study. There was not an observed significant difference (P = 0.12) in EGCG tissue levels between two Polyphenon E dosage groups combined versus placebo. However, a dose-response relationship for EGCG levels was observed in both normal (P = 0.046) and malignant bladder tissue (P = 0.005) across the three study arms. In addition, EGCG levels in plasma (P < 0.001) and urine (P < 0.001) increased and PCNA (P = 0.016) and clusterin (P = 0.008) were downregulated in a dose-dependent fashion. No pharmacogenomic relationship was observed. EGCG levels in plasma, urine, and bladder tissue followed a dose-response relationship, as did modulation of tissue biomarkers of proliferation and apoptosis. Despite the limitations of this pilot study, the observed pharmacodynamics and desirable biologic activity warrant further clinical studies of this agent in bladder cancer prevention. Cancer Prev Res; 10(5); 298-307. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason R Gee
- Institute of Urology, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts.
| | - Daniel R Saltzstein
- Urology San Antonio Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - KyungMann Kim
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin
- Department of Biostatistics & Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Jill Kolesar
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Wei Huang
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Thomas C Havighurst
- Department of Biostatistics & Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | | | - Jeanne Stublaski
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Tracy Downs
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Hasan Mukhtar
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Margaret G House
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Howard L Parnes
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Howard H Bailey
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin
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A review of pomegranate in prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2017; 20:265-270. [PMID: 28440320 PMCID: PMC5555799 DOI: 10.1038/pcan.2017.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Preclinical studies showing that pomegranate juice and its components inhibit prostate cancer led to multiple clinical trials to determine whether pomegranate products could slow the growth of prostate cancer. This review summarizes the preclinical data and discusses the results of the clinical trials. Methods Trials targeted patients on active surveillance, neoadjuvant patients, patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR) following local therapy for prostate cancer, and patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Results In the BCR patient population, early phase II trials of both pomegranate juice and extract showed significant lengthening of PSA doubling time (PSADT), and confirmed the safety of pomegranate products. While a placebo-controlled phase III trial determined that pomegranate extract did not significantly prolong PSADT in BCR patients, a preplanned subset analysis of patients with the manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) AA genotype showed greater PSADT lengthening on the pomegranate extract arm. In the neoadjuvant population, a large trial demonstrated a significant increase in urolithin A and a non-significant reduction in 8-OHdG, a marker of oxidation in prostate cancer tissue, on the pomegranate arm vs. the placebo arm. In addition, a randomized clinical trial of a polyphenol-rich multi-component food supplement tablet, including 31.25% pomegranate extract, found significant slowing of PSA increase in the food supplement arm vs. placebo in men on active surveillance and those experiencing biochemical recurrence. Conclusions Pomegranate juice and extract are safe but did not significantly improve outcomes in BCR patients in a large placebo controlled trial. However a subset of BCR patients with the MnSOD AA genotype appear to respond positively to the antioxidant effects of pomegranate treatment. Phase II trials of 100% pomegranate products in neoadjuvant patients and patients with mCRPC were negative. A multi-component food supplement showed promising results in a phase II study in active surveillance and BCR patients.
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Mbuthia KS, Mireji PO, Ngure RM, Stomeo F, Kyallo M, Muoki C, Wachira FN. Tea (Camellia sinensis) infusions ameliorate cancer in 4TI metastatic breast cancer model. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:202. [PMID: 28388918 PMCID: PMC5383982 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1683-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tea (Camellia sinensis) infusions are widely consumed beverages with numerous health benefits. However, physiological and molecular responses mediating these activities are poorly understood. METHOD Three replicates of 4TI cancer cell suspension (2.0 × 105 cells/ml) were challenged in vitro with various concentrations of green, black and purple tea infusions to asseses their cytoxicity and associated differentially expressed genes in the cells. Inhibitory activity was tested by using serial dilutions of respective tea infusions in a 96 well ELISA plate. RESULTS Green tea had the highest inhibition on 4TI cells proliferation at a concentration of IC50 = 13.12 μg/ml. Further analysis of the 4TI cancer cell line treated with tea using 454 pyrosequencing generated 425,696 reads with an input mean length of 286.54. Trimmed sequences were imported on a CLC genomic workbench v7.03 and annotated on a reference mouse genome (Mus musculus strain C57BL/6 J). Results revealed a differential expression of apoptosis related genes in the transcriptome. Casp8, Casp9, Casp3, Casp6, Casp8AP2, Aifm1, Aifm2 and Apopt1 genes were significantly upregulated indicating the process of apoptosis was initiated and executed. CONCLUSION These findings on caspases offer valuable information on the mechanism of tea as an anticancer agent and will contribute to further research in future novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karori S. Mbuthia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Egerton University, P.O Box 536 20115, Egerton, Kenya
| | - Paul O. Mireji
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, 607 Laboratory of Epidemiology and Public Health, 60 College St, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
| | - Raphael M. Ngure
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Egerton University, P.O Box 536-20115, Egerton, Kenya
| | - Francesca Stomeo
- Biosciences eastern and central Africa- International Livestock Research Institute, (BecA-ILRI) Hub, P.O Box 30709-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Martina Kyallo
- Biosciences eastern and central Africa- International Livestock Research Institute, (BecA-ILRI) Hub, P.O Box 30709-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Chalo Muoki
- Crop Improvement and Management Programme, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Organisation-Tea Research Institute (KARLO-TRI), P.O Box 820-20200, Kericho, Kenya
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Naponelli V, Ramazzina I, Lenzi C, Bettuzzi S, Rizzi F. Green Tea Catechins for Prostate Cancer Prevention: Present Achievements and Future Challenges. Antioxidants (Basel) 2017; 6:antiox6020026. [PMID: 28379200 PMCID: PMC5488006 DOI: 10.3390/antiox6020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Green tea catechins (GTCs) are a family of chemically related compounds usually classified as antioxidant molecules. Epidemiological evidences, supported by interventional studies, highlighted a more than promising role for GTCs in human prostate cancer (PCa) chemoprevention. In the last decades, many efforts have been made to gain new insights into the mechanism of action of GTCs. Now it is clear that GTCs' anticancer action can no longer be simplistically limited to their direct antioxidant/pro-oxidant properties. Recent contributions to the advancement of knowledge in this field have shown that GTCs specifically interact with cellular targets, including cell surface receptors, lipid rafts, and endoplasmic reticulum, modulate gene expression through direct effect on transcription factors or indirect epigenetic mechanisms, and interfere with intracellular proteostasis at various levels. Many of the effects observed in vitro are dose and cell context dependent and take place at concentrations that cannot be achieved in vivo. Poor intestinal absorption together with an extensive systemic and enteric metabolism influence GTCs' bioavailability through still poorly understood mechanisms. Recent efforts to develop delivery systems that increase GTCs' overall bioavailability, by means of biopolymeric nanoparticles, represent the main way to translate preclinical results in a real clinical scenario for PCa chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Naponelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, Parma 43126, Italy.
- Centre for Molecular and Translational Oncology (COMT), University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, Parma 43124, Italy.
- National Institute of Biostructure and Biosystems (INBB), Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, Rome 00136, Italy.
- Fondazione Umberto Veronesi, Piazza Velasca 5, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Ileana Ramazzina
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, Parma 43126, Italy.
- Centre for Molecular and Translational Oncology (COMT), University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, Parma 43124, Italy.
- National Institute of Biostructure and Biosystems (INBB), Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, Rome 00136, Italy.
| | - Chiara Lenzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, Parma 43126, Italy.
| | - Saverio Bettuzzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, Parma 43126, Italy.
- Centre for Molecular and Translational Oncology (COMT), University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, Parma 43124, Italy.
- National Institute of Biostructure and Biosystems (INBB), Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, Rome 00136, Italy.
| | - Federica Rizzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, Parma 43126, Italy.
- Centre for Molecular and Translational Oncology (COMT), University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, Parma 43124, Italy.
- National Institute of Biostructure and Biosystems (INBB), Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, Rome 00136, Italy.
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Black Tea High-Molecular-Weight Polyphenol-Rich Fraction Promotes Hypertrophy during Functional Overload in Mice. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22040548. [PMID: 28353662 PMCID: PMC6154721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria activation factor (MAF) is a high-molecular-weight polyphenol extracted from black tea that stimulates training-induced 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and improves endurance capacity. Originally, MAF was purified from black tea using butanol and acetone, making it unsuitable for food preparation. Hence, we extracted a MAF-rich sample "E80" from black tea, using ethanol and water only. Here, we examined the effects of E80 on resistance training. Eight-week old C57BL/6 mice were fed with a normal diet or a diet containing 0.5% E80 for 4, 7 and 14 days under conditions of functional overload. It was found that E80 administration promoted overload-induced hypertrophy and induced phosphorylation of the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway proteins, such as Akt, P70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K), and S6 in the plantaris muscle. Therefore, functional overload and E80 administration accelerated mTOR signaling and increased protein synthesis in the muscle, thereby inducing hypertrophy.
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Kumar NB, Pow-Sang JM, Spiess PE, Park JY, Chornokur G, Leone AR, Phelan CM. Chemoprevention in African American Men With Prostate Cancer. Cancer Control 2017; 23:415-423. [PMID: 27842331 DOI: 10.1177/107327481602300413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recommendations for cancer screening are uncertain for the early detection or prevention of prostate cancer in African American men. Thus, chemoprevention strategies are needed to specifically target African American men. METHODS The evidence was examined on the biological etiology of disparities in African Americans related to prostate cancer. Possible chemopreventive agents and biomarkers critical to prostate cancer in African American men were also studied. RESULTS High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia may be more prevalent in African American men, even after controlling for age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, abnormal results on digital rectal examination, and prostate volume. Prostate cancer in African American men can lead to the overexpression of signaling receptors that may mediate increased proliferation, angiogenesis, and decreased apoptosis. Use of chemopreventive agents may be useful for select populations of men. CONCLUSIONS Green tea catechins are able to target multiple pathways to address the underlying biology of prostate carcinogenesis in African American men, so they may be ideal as a chemoprevention agent in these men diagnosed with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagi B Kumar
- Department of Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
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Astigiano S, Puglisi A, Mastracci L, Fais S, Barbieri O. Systemic alkalinisation delays prostate cancer cell progression in TRAMP mice. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2017; 32:363-368. [PMID: 28095711 PMCID: PMC6009900 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2016.1252760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The microenvironment of solid tumours is extremely acidic and this condition arises since the precancerous stage. This acidic milieu could therefore provide a useful target for both prophylactic and therapeutic approaches. In TRAMP transgenic mice, an in vivo model of prostate adenocarcinoma (AC), oral administration of alkaline water was devoid of unwanted side effects, and when started from an early age was as effective as NaHCO3 in significantly delaying tumour progression, while when started when prostate tumours were already present, a nonstatistically significant trend in the same direction was detected. These findings indicate that the use of alkalinizing drugs should be considered for chemoprevention and, in association with standard chemotherapy, for treatment of human prostate AC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Puglisi
- b Department of Experimental Medicine , University of Genova , Genova , Italy
| | - Luca Mastracci
- a IRCCS A.O.U. S. Martino-IST University Hospital , Genova , Italy.,c Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Science , University of Genova , Genova , Italy
| | - Stefano Fais
- d Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation , Istituto Superiore di Sanità (National Institute of Health) , Roma , Italy
| | - Ottavia Barbieri
- a IRCCS A.O.U. S. Martino-IST University Hospital , Genova , Italy.,b Department of Experimental Medicine , University of Genova , Genova , Italy
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Abstract
Deadly diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer, remain the major health problems worldwide. Research in cardiovascular diseases and genome-wide association studies were successful in indentifying the gene loci associated with these threatening diseases. Yet, a substantial number of casual factors remain unexplained. Over the last decade, a better understanding of molecular and biochemical mechanisms of cardiac diseases led to developing a rationale for combining various protective agents, such as polyphenols, to target multiple signaling pathways. The present review article summarizes recent advances of the use of polyphenols against diseases, such as cardiac diseases.
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Abstract
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death around the world. Initially it is recognized as a genetic disease, but now it is known to involve epigenetic abnormalities along with genetic alterations. Epigenetics refers to heritable changes that are not encoded in the DNA sequence itself, but play an important role in the control of gene expression. It includes changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications, and RNA interference. Although it is heritable, environmental factors such as diet could directly influence epigenetic mechanisms in humans. This article will focus on the role of dietary patterns and phytochemicals that have been demonstrated to influence the epigenome and more precisely histone and non-histone proteins modulation by acetylation that helps to induce apoptosis and phosphorylation inhibition, which counteracts with cells proliferation. Recent developments discussed here enhance our understanding of how dietary intervention could be beneficial in preventing or treating cancer and improving health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wissam Zam
- a Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Andalus University for Medical Sciences, Al-Quadmous , Tartous , Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Aziz Khadour
- b Department of Microbiology , Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Andalus University for Medical Sciences, Al-Quadmous , Tartous , Syrian Arab Republic
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Protective Effect of Green Tea ( Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) against Prostate Cancer: From In Vitro Data to Algerian Patients. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:1691568. [PMID: 28133488 PMCID: PMC5241931 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1691568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Green tea (GT) has been studied for its effects as antioxidant and cancer-preventive agent. Epidemiological studies showed that GT consumption decreases the risk for prostate cancer (PC). To investigate whether erythrocyte oxidative stress (OS) is associated with PC and whether daily consumption of GT improves the oxidative phenotype, we performed a study in a group of Algerian PC patients, preceded by an in vitro study to characterize composition and antioxidant/antiproliferative activities of the GT used. This contained a high content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, demonstrating in vitro antioxidant activity and significant antiproliferative effect on human prostate cancer PC-3 cell line. Seventy PC patients and 120 age-matched healthy subjects participated in the study, with glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and catalase activity evaluated before and after GT consumption. The results showed a reduced GSH and catalase activity and a high level of MDA in erythrocytes from PC patients. The consumption of 2-3 cups per day of GT during 6 months significantly increased GSH concentration and catalase activity and decreased MDA concentration. In conclusion, GT significantly decreased OS in Algerian PC patients. Regular consumption of GT for a long period may prevent men from developing PC or at least delay its progression.
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Yang CS, Wang H. Cancer Preventive Activities of Tea Catechins. Molecules 2016; 21:E1679. [PMID: 27941682 PMCID: PMC6273642 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21121679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Catechins are widely occurring in our diet and beverages. The cancer-preventive activities of catechins have been extensively studied. Of these, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the principal catechin in green tea, has received the most attention. The inhibitory activities of tea catechins against carcinogenesis and cancer cell growth have been demonstrated in a large number of laboratory studies. Many mechanisms for modulating cancer signaling and metabolic pathways have been proposed based on numerous studies in cell lines with EGCG, the most active tea catechin. Nevertheless, it is not known whether many of these mechanisms indeed contribute to the anti-cancer activities in animals and in humans. Human studies have provided some results for the cancer preventive activities of tea catechins; however, the activities are not strong. This article reviews the cancer preventive activities and mechanisms of action of tea catechins involving their redox activities, biochemical properties and binding to key enzymes or signal transduction proteins. These mechanisms lead to suppression of cell proliferation, increased apoptosis and inhibition of angiogenesis. The relevance of the proposed mechanisms for cancer prevention are assessed in the light of the situation in vivo. The potential and possible problems in the application of tea and tea-derived products for cancer prevention are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung S Yang
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8020, USA.
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8020, USA.
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Shankar E, Montellano J, Gupta S. Chapter 5 Green Tea Polyphenols in the Prevention and Therapy of Prostate Cancer. TRADITIONAL HERBAL MEDICINES FOR MODERN TIMES 2016. [DOI: 10.1201/9781315370156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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