1
|
Costa EFS, Menezes GM, Colaço A. Trait-based insights into sustainable fisheries: A four-decade perspective in Azores archipelago. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 935:173271. [PMID: 38754519 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The trait-based approach provides a powerful perspective for analyzing fisheries and their potential impact on marine ecological processes, offering crucial insights into sustainability and ecosystem functioning. This approach was applied to investigate trends in fish assemblages landed by both local and coastal fishing fleets in the Azores archipelago over the past four decades (1980s, 1990s, 2000s, and 2010s). A matrix of ten traits was built to assess functional redundancy (Fred), functional over-redundancy (FOve), and functional vulnerability (FVul) for the fish assemblages caught by every fishing fleet in each decade. The susceptibility of the Azorean fishery to negative impacts on ecosystem functioning was evidenced by low FRed (<1.5 species per functional entity) and high FVul (exceeding 70 %). However, there is reason for optimism, as temporal trends in the 2000s and 2010s showed an increase in FRed and FOve along with a significant decrease in FVul. These trends indicate the adaptation of the fishery to new target species and, notably, the effectiveness of local fish regulations in mitigating the impacts of targeting functionally important species, such as Elasmobranchii, over the past two decades. These regulations have played a pivotal role in preserving ecological functions within the ecosystem, as well as in managing the removal of high biomass of key important species (e.g., Trachurus picturatus, Pagellus bogaraveo, and Katsuwonus pelamis) from the ecosystem. This study contributes to understanding the delicate balance between fishing pressure, ecological resilience, and sustainable resource management in Azorean waters. It also highlights the importance of continued monitoring, adaptive management, and the enforcement of local fishing regulations to ensure the long-term health and sustainability of the fishery and the broader marine ecosystem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eudriano F S Costa
- OKEANOS - Institute of Marine Sciences - OKEANOS, University of the Azores, Rua Professor Doutor Frederico Machado 4, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal; IMAR - Instituto do Mar, University of the Azores, Rua Professor Doutor Frederico Machado 4, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal.
| | - Gui M Menezes
- OKEANOS - Institute of Marine Sciences - OKEANOS, University of the Azores, Rua Professor Doutor Frederico Machado 4, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal
| | - Ana Colaço
- OKEANOS - Institute of Marine Sciences - OKEANOS, University of the Azores, Rua Professor Doutor Frederico Machado 4, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal; IMAR - Instituto do Mar, University of the Azores, Rua Professor Doutor Frederico Machado 4, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Benedetti-Cecchi L, Bates AE, Strona G, Bulleri F, Horta E Costa B, Edgar GJ, Hereu B, Reed DC, Stuart-Smith RD, Barrett NS, Kushner DJ, Emslie MJ, García-Charton JA, Gonçalves EJ, Aspillaga E. Marine protected areas promote stability of reef fish communities under climate warming. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1822. [PMID: 38418445 PMCID: PMC10902350 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44976-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Protection from direct human impacts can safeguard marine life, yet ocean warming crosses marine protected area boundaries. Here, we test whether protection offers resilience to marine heatwaves from local to network scales. We examine 71,269 timeseries of population abundances for 2269 reef fish species surveyed in 357 protected versus 747 open sites worldwide. We quantify the stability of reef fish abundance from populations to metacommunities, considering responses of species and functional diversity including thermal affinity of different trophic groups. Overall, protection mitigates adverse effects of marine heatwaves on fish abundance, community stability, asynchronous fluctuations and functional richness. We find that local stability is positively related to distance from centers of high human density only in protected areas. We provide evidence that networks of protected areas have persistent reef fish communities in warming oceans by maintaining large populations and promoting stability at different levels of biological organization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda E Bates
- Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
| | | | - Fabio Bulleri
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, URL CoNISMa, Via Derna 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Barbara Horta E Costa
- CCMAR, Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Building 7, Faro, 8005-139, Portugal
| | - Graham J Edgar
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Reef Life Survey Foundation, Battery Point, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Bernat Hereu
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBIO), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dan C Reed
- Marine Science Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, 93106, CA, USA
| | - Rick D Stuart-Smith
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Reef Life Survey Foundation, Battery Point, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Neville S Barrett
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | | | - Michael J Emslie
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Emanuel J Gonçalves
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA - Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Eneko Aspillaga
- Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados (IMEDEA, CSIC-UIB), 07190, Esporles, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cameron NM, Scrosati RA, Valdivia N, Meunier ZD. Global taxonomic and functional patterns in invertebrate assemblages from rocky-intertidal mussel beds. Sci Rep 2024; 14:26. [PMID: 38167569 PMCID: PMC10761853 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50549-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Mussels form extensive beds in rocky intertidal habitats on temperate seashores worldwide. They are foundation species because their beds host many invertebrates. Mussels and their associated species differ taxonomically among biogeographic regions, but all mussel beds exhibit similar structural and functional properties. Therefore, we investigated if rocky-intertidal mussel beds from around the globe host associated communities that are functionally similar despite their underlying taxonomic differences. We gathered datasets on the abundance of invertebrates found in rocky-intertidal mussel beds from the eastern and western boundaries of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans from both hemispheres and, then, we compared their taxonomic and functional properties. Taxonomic composition differed markedly among coasts when analyzed at the taxonomic resolution reported by the surveys (often species). However, taxonomic groups with similar ecologies (28 groups including barnacles, decapods, gastropods, polychaetes, etc.) were more universally present in mussel beds. Concomitantly, functional categories of trophic level, body type, and mobility were almost always present on all studied coasts. These taxonomic groups and trait categories, however, showed regional patterns based on their relative abundances. Overall, the ability of mussel beds to host a core community type based on taxonomic groups and functional traits emphasizes their importance for biodiversity and community functioning, making them critical organisms to preserve.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Cameron
- Department of Biology, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, B2G 2W5, Canada
| | - Ricardo A Scrosati
- Department of Biology, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, B2G 2W5, Canada.
| | - Nelson Valdivia
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas and Centro FONDAP de Investigación de Dinámicas de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Universidad Austral de Chile, 5090000, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Zechariah D Meunier
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Olán-González M, Briones-Fourzán P, Lozano-Álvarez E, Acosta-González G, Alvarez-Filip L. Similar functional composition of fish assemblages despite contrasting levels of habitat degradation on shallow Caribbean coral reefs. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295238. [PMID: 38150437 PMCID: PMC10752542 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional trait-based approaches provide an opportunity to assess how changes in habitat affect the structure of associated communities. Global analyses have found a similarity in the composition of reef fish functional traits despite differences in species richness, environmental regimes, and habitat components. These large-scale patterns raised the question of whether this same stability can be observed at smaller spatial scales. Here, we compared the fish trait composition and their functional diversity in two Caribbean shallow coral reefs with contrasting levels of habitat degradation: Limones (>30% cover), constituted mainly by colonies of Acropora palmata and Bonanza, a reef with extensive areas of dead Acropora structures, dominated by algae. To characterize the functional structure of fishes on each reef, we calculated the community-weighted mean trait values (CWM), functional richness, functional evenness, functional dispersion, and functional originality. Despite the differences in habitat quality, reefs exhibited a similar proportion and common structure on fish functional traits. Functional richness and functional evenness differed significantly, but functional dispersion and functional originality did not show differences between reefs. The greater niche complexity driven by the high availability of microhabitats provided by A. palmata may explain the higher functional richness in Limones, whereas the reef degradation in Bonanza may contribute to a higher functional evenness because of a similar distribution of abundance per fish trait combinations. Our results suggest that widespread degradation on Caribbean reefs has limited the type, variety, and range of traits, which could lead to a functional homogenization of fish communities even at local scales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Olán-González
- Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
- Biodiversity and Reef Conservation Laboratory. Unidad Académica de Sistemas Arrecifales, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, México
| | - Patricia Briones-Fourzán
- Laboratorio de Ecología de Crustáceos. Unidad Académica de Sistemas Arrecifales, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, México
| | - Enrique Lozano-Álvarez
- Laboratorio de Ecología de Crustáceos. Unidad Académica de Sistemas Arrecifales, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, México
| | - Gilberto Acosta-González
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A.C. Unidad de Ciencias del Agua, Cancún, Quintana Roo, México
| | - Lorenzo Alvarez-Filip
- Biodiversity and Reef Conservation Laboratory. Unidad Académica de Sistemas Arrecifales, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, México
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Boutin K, Gaudron SM, Denis J, Ben Rais Lasram F. Potential marine benthic colonisers of offshore wind farms in the English channel: A functional trait-based approach. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 190:106061. [PMID: 37421705 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Offshore wind farms (OWFs) have gained attention as a promising alternative to conventional energy sources. However, their installation and operation may have multiple ecological impacts on the marine environment, including the "reef effect". The reef effect is the colonisation of wind turbines and other artificial substrates by benthic organisms, which has a major impact on marine biodiversity as it changes community assemblages and ecosystem functioning. We conducted a two-step study to predict the reef effect of a future OWF (Dunkirk, northern France). First, we explored similarities between colonisers of existing OWFs and those of other hard substrates (oil and gas platforms (O&GP) and hard substrates in the English Channel (HSEC)). We then analysed functional traits to determine a trait profile of potential colonisers of Dunkirk's OWF. Statistical analyses revealed that OWF and O&GP communities were more similar to each other than to that of HSEC. Comparing the three communities revealed that they shared 157 taxa, which could be potential colonisers of Dunkirk's future OWF. The functional profile revealed that OWF colonisers were species ranging from 10 to 100 mm in size, with gonochoric reproduction, pelagic and planktotrophic larvae, a life span of less than 2 years or 5-20 years, were sessile, and were carnivores or suspension feeders. Functional trait analysis revealed that during their intermediate stage of development, OWF benthic communities have a functional richness and diversity (0.68 and 0.53, respectively) similar to those of HSEC communities (0.54 and 0.50, respectively). However, based on using O&GP as a long-term view of the colonisation of OWFs, functional richness and diversity could decrease during the climax stage (0.07 and 0.42, respectively).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Boutin
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Univ. Lille, CNRS, IRD, UMR 8187, LOG, Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, F 62930, Wimereux, France.
| | - Sylvie Marylene Gaudron
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Univ. Lille, CNRS, IRD, UMR 8187, LOG, Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, F 62930, Wimereux, France; Sorbonne Univ., UFR 927, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jérémy Denis
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Univ. Lille, CNRS, IRD, UMR 8187, LOG, Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, F 62930, Wimereux, France
| | - Frida Ben Rais Lasram
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Univ. Lille, CNRS, IRD, UMR 8187, LOG, Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, F 62930, Wimereux, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Muñoz J, Jankowski JE. Neotropical mixed-species bird flocks in a community context. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20220104. [PMID: 37066656 PMCID: PMC10107222 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mixed-species flocks are an important component of bird communities, particularly in the Neotropics, where flocks reach their highest diversity. The extent to which mixed-species flocks represent unique functional or ecological roles within communities, and how these attributes change over environmental gradients, however, is not well understood. We use a trait-based approach to examine functional aspects of flocking assemblages as they relate to those observed in the larger avian community across a 3000 m elevational gradient. Our results reveal similar ecological strategies among flocking species and the communities in which they occur, at the scale of the regional pool and across elevations. Trait variation in flocking and non-flocking assemblages is structured along two major axes defined by size- and resource-related traits. The trait space occupied by flocking species, however, represents only half (51%) that of the larger community. Similarly, the trait space of flocks across elevations is restricted compared to non-flocking species. The shared trait space across flock types represents small-bodied invertivores foraging in lower forest strata, traits associated with increased vulnerability to predation. The concentration of flocking species in functional trait space suggests high niche packing and either more overlap in ecological strategies or more finely divided niches relative to non-flocking species. This article is part of the theme issue 'Mixed-species groups and aggregations: shaping ecological and behavioural patterns and processes'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Muñoz
- Biodiversity Research Center and Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4
| | - Jill E. Jankowski
- Biodiversity Research Center and Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bosch NE, Espino F, Tuya F, Haroun R, Bramanti L, Otero-Ferrer F. Black coral forests enhance taxonomic and functional distinctiveness of mesophotic fishes in an oceanic island: implications for biodiversity conservation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4963. [PMID: 36973395 PMCID: PMC10043018 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32138-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The degradation of shallow ecosystems has called for efforts to understand the biodiversity and functioning of Mesophotic Ecosystems. However, most empirical studies have been restricted to tropical regions and have majorly focused on taxonomic entities (i.e., species), neglecting important dimensions of biodiversity that influence community assembly and ecosystem functioning. Here, using a subtropical oceanic island in the eastern Atlantic Ocean (Lanzarote, Canary Islands), we investigated variation in (a) alpha and (b) beta functional (i.e., trait) diversity across a depth gradient (0-70 m), as a function of the presence of black coral forests (BCFs, order Antipatharian) in the mesophotic strata, a vulnerable but often overlooked 'ecosystem engineer' in regional biodiversity. Despite occupying a similar volume of the functional space (i.e., functional richness) than shallow (< 30 m) reefs, mesophotic fish assemblages inhabiting BCFs differed in their functional structure when accounting for species abundances, with lower evenness and divergence. Similarly, although mesophotic BCFs shared, on average, 90% of the functional entities with shallow reefs, the identity of common and dominant taxonomic and functional entities shifted. Our results suggest BCFs promoted the specialization of reef fishes, likely linked to convergence towards optimal traits to maximize the use of resources and space. Regional biodiversity planning should thus focus on developing specific management and conservation strategies for preserving the unique biodiversity and functionality of mesophotic BCFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nestor E Bosch
- Asociación Biodiversidad Atlántica y Sostenibilidad (ABAS), 35214, Telde, Spain.
- Grupo en Biodiversidad y Conservación (IU-ECOAQUA), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35214, Telde, Spain.
| | - Fernando Espino
- Grupo en Biodiversidad y Conservación (IU-ECOAQUA), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35214, Telde, Spain
| | - Fernando Tuya
- Grupo en Biodiversidad y Conservación (IU-ECOAQUA), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35214, Telde, Spain
| | - Ricardo Haroun
- Grupo en Biodiversidad y Conservación (IU-ECOAQUA), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35214, Telde, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Bramanti
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Ecogéochimie des Environnements Benthiques, LECOB, 66500, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Francisco Otero-Ferrer
- Asociación Biodiversidad Atlántica y Sostenibilidad (ABAS), 35214, Telde, Spain
- Grupo en Biodiversidad y Conservación (IU-ECOAQUA), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35214, Telde, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Huang M, Huang G, Fan H, Wei F. Influence of Last Glacial Maximum legacies on functional diversity and community assembly of extant Chinese terrestrial vertebrates. Innovation (N Y) 2023; 4:100379. [PMID: 36747592 PMCID: PMC9898789 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Contemporary biodiversity patterns are shaped by not only modern climate but also factors such as past climate fluctuations. Investigating the relative degree of paleoclimate legacy could help us understand the formation of current biodiversity patterns. However, an assessment of this issue in China is lacking. Here, we investigated the phylogenetic structure and functional diversity patterns of Chinese terrestrial vertebrates. We found that Southern China harbored higher functional richness, while Northern and Western China were more phylogenetically clustered with higher functional divergence and evenness, indicating environmental filtering effects. Moreover, we found that drastic Last Glacial Maximum climate changes were positively related to phylogenetic clustering, lower functional richness, and higher functional divergence and evenness, although this effect varied among different taxonomic groups. We further found that mammal communities experiencing more drastic Last Glacial Maximum temperature changes were characterized by "faster" life-history trait values. Our findings provide new evidence of the paleoclimate change legacies influencing contemporary biodiversity patterns that will help guide national-level conservation plans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingpan Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guangping Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Huizhong Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Fuwen Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hodge JR, Price SA. Biotic Interactions and the Future of Fishes on Coral Reefs: The Importance of Trait-Based Approaches. Integr Comp Biol 2022; 62:1734-1747. [PMID: 36138511 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icac147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Biotic interactions govern the structure and function of coral reef ecosystems. As environmental conditions change, reef-associated fish populations can persist by tracking their preferred niche or adapting to new conditions. Biotic interactions will affect how these responses proceed and whether they are successful. Yet, our understanding of these effects is currently limited. Ecological and evolutionary theories make explicit predictions about the effects of biotic interactions, but many remain untested. Here, we argue that large-scale functional trait datasets enable us to investigate how biotic interactions have shaped the assembly of contemporary reef fish communities and the evolution of species within them, thus improving our ability to predict future changes. Importantly, the effects of biotic interactions on these processes have occurred simultaneously within dynamic environments. Functional traits provide a means to integrate the effects of both ecological and evolutionary processes, as well as a way to overcome some of the challenges of studying biotic interactions. Moreover, functional trait data can enhance predictive modeling of future reef fish distributions and evolvability. We hope that our vision for an integrative approach, focused on quantifying functionally relevant traits and how they mediate biotic interactions in different environmental contexts, will catalyze new research on the future of reef fishes in a changing environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Hodge
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Samantha A Price
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Streit RP, Bellwood DR. To harness traits for ecology, let’s abandon ‘functionality’. Trends Ecol Evol 2022; 38:402-411. [PMID: 36522192 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Traits are measurable features of organisms. Functional traits aspire to more. They quantify an organism's ecology and, ultimately, predict ecosystem functions based on local communities. Such predictions are useful, but only if 'functional' really means 'ecologically relevant'. Unfortunately, many 'functional' traits seem to be characterized primarily by availability and implied importance - not by their ecological information content. Better traits are needed, but a prevailing trend is to 'functionalize' existing traits. The key may be to invert the process, that is, to identify functions of interest first and then identify traits as quantifiable proxies. We propose two distinct, yet complementary, perspectives on traits and provide a 'taxonomy of traits', a conceptual compass to navigate the diverse applications of traits in ecology.
Collapse
|
11
|
Bosch NE, Pessarrodona A, Filbee-Dexter K, Tuya F, Mulders Y, Bell S, Langlois T, Wernberg T. Habitat configurations shape the trophic and energetic dynamics of reef fishes in a tropical-temperate transition zone: implications under a warming future. Oecologia 2022; 200:455-470. [PMID: 36344837 PMCID: PMC9675646 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-022-05278-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the extent to which species' traits mediate patterns of community assembly is key to predict the effect of natural and anthropogenic disturbances on ecosystem functioning. Here, we apply a trait-based community assembly framework to understand how four different habitat configurations (kelp forests, Sargassum spp. beds, hard corals, and turfs) shape the trophic and energetic dynamics of reef fish assemblages in a tropical-temperate transition zone. Specifically, we tested (i) the degree of trait divergence and convergence in each habitat, (ii) which traits explained variation in species' abundances, and (iii) differences in standing biomass (kg ha-1), secondary productivity (kg ha-1 day-1) and turnover (% day-1). Fish assemblages in coral and kelp habitats displayed greater evidence of trait convergence, while turf and Sargassum spp. habitats displayed a higher degree of trait divergence, a pattern that was mostly driven by traits related to resource use and thermal affinity. This filtering effect had an imprint on the trophic and energetic dynamics of reef fishes, with turf habitats supporting higher fish biomass and productivity. However, these gains were strongly dependent on trophic guild, with herbivores/detritivores disproportionately contributing to among-habitat differences. Despite these perceived overall gains, turnover was decoupled for fishes that act as conduit of energy to higher trophic levels (i.e. microinvertivores), with coral habitats displaying higher rates of fish biomass replenishment than turf despite their lower productivity. This has important implications for biodiversity conservation and fisheries management, questioning the long-term sustainability of ecological processes and fisheries yields in increasingly altered marine habitats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nestor E Bosch
- School of Biological Sciences, The UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Albert Pessarrodona
- School of Biological Sciences, The UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Karen Filbee-Dexter
- School of Biological Sciences, The UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- Institute of Marine Research, Nye Flødevigveien 20, 4817, His, Norway
| | - Fernando Tuya
- Grupo en Biodiversidad y Conservación, IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Crta. Taliarte S/N, 35214, Telde, Spain
| | - Yannick Mulders
- School of Biological Sciences, The UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Sahira Bell
- School of Biological Sciences, The UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Tim Langlois
- School of Biological Sciences, The UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Thomas Wernberg
- School of Biological Sciences, The UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- Institute of Marine Research, Nye Flødevigveien 20, 4817, His, Norway
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mihalitsis M, Morais RA, Bellwood DR. Small predators dominate fish predation in coral reef communities. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001898. [PMID: 36445867 PMCID: PMC9707750 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecosystem processes are challenging to quantify at a community level, particularly within complex ecosystems (e.g., rainforests, coral reefs). Predation is one of the most important types of species interactions, determining several ecosystem processes. However, while it is widely recognised, it is rarely quantified, especially in aquatic systems. To address these issues, we model predation on fish by fish, in a hyperdiverse coral reef community. We show that body sizes previously examined in fish-fish predation studies (based on a metanalysis), only represent about 5% of likely predation events. The average fish predator on coral reefs is just 3.65 cm; the average fish prey just 1.5 cm. These results call for a shift in the way we view fish predation and its ability to shape the species or functional composition of coral reef fish communities. Considered from a functional group approach, we found general agreement in the distribution of simulated and observed predation events, among both predator and prey functional groups. Predation on coral reefs is a process driven by small fish, most of which are neither seen nor quantified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michalis Mihalitsis
- Research Hub for Coral Reef Ecosystem Functions, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Renato A. Morais
- Research Hub for Coral Reef Ecosystem Functions, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - David R. Bellwood
- Research Hub for Coral Reef Ecosystem Functions, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Low functional vulnerability of fish assemblages to coral loss in Southwestern Atlantic marginal reefs. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17164. [PMID: 36229468 PMCID: PMC9562355 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20919-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Marginal reefs sustain coral assemblages under conditions considered suboptimal for most corals, resulting in low coral abundance. These reefs are inhabited by numerous fishes with a generally unknown degree of association with corals that might lead to the assumption that corals play minor roles in determining fish occurrence, when corals could be actually sustaining diverse and resilient assemblages. Using site-occupancy models fitted to data of 113 reef fish species of different life stages (adults and juveniles) from 36 reefs distributed across the Southwestern Atlantic (0.87-27.6°S) we first assessed fish assemblage's response to coral and turf algal cover, and identified coral-associated fish. Then, we simulated the loss of coral-associated fishes and contrasted it with random losses, providing inferences on the resilience of fish assemblage's functional trait space to species loss. The entire fish assemblage responded more positively to coral than to turf algae, with 42 (37%) species being identified as coral-associated fish. The simulated loss of coral-associated fish reduced up to 5% the functional trait space and was not different from the random loss. These results reveal that marginal reefs of Southwestern Atlantic reefs host resilient fish assemblages that might preserve fundamental ecological functions and ecosystem services even with coral declines.
Collapse
|
14
|
Tan EYW, Neo ML, Huang D. Assessing taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity of giant clams across the Indo‐Pacific for conservation prioritization. DIVERS DISTRIB 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Y. W. Tan
- Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Mei Lin Neo
- Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Tropical Marine Science Institute National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Danwei Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Tropical Marine Science Institute National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Centre for Nature‐based Climate Solutions National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hughes EC, Edwards DP, Thomas GH. The homogenization of avian morphological and phylogenetic diversity under the global extinction crisis. Curr Biol 2022; 32:3830-3837.e3. [PMID: 35868322 PMCID: PMC9616725 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Biodiversity is facing a global extinction crisis that will reduce ecological trait diversity, evolutionary history, and ultimately ecosystem functioning and services.1, 2, 3, 4 A key challenge is understanding how species losses will impact morphological and phylogenetic diversity at global scales.5,6 Here, we test whether the loss of species threatened with extinction according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) leads to morphological and phylogenetic homogenization7,8 across both the whole avian class and within each biome and ecoregion globally. We use a comprehensive set of continuous morphological traits extracted from museum collections of 8,455 bird species, including geometric morphometric beak shape data,9 and sequentially remove species from those at most to least threat of extinction. We find evidence of morphological, but not phylogenetic, homogenization across the avian class, with species becoming more alike in terms of their morphology. We find that most biome and ecoregions are expected to lose morphological diversity at a greater rate than predicted by species loss alone, with the most imperiled regions found in East Asia and the Himalayan uplands and foothills. Only a small proportion of assemblages are threatened with phylogenetic homogenization, in particular parts of Indochina. Species extinctions will lead to a major loss of avian ecological strategies, but not a comparable loss of phylogenetic diversity. As the decline of species with unique traits and their replacement with more widespread generalist species continues, the protection of assemblages at most risk of morphological and phylogenetic homogenization should be a key conservation priority. Predicted loss of birds will drive exceptional declines in morphological diversity Species extinctions lead to a major loss of ecological strategies and functions Most biomes and ecoregions will experience morphological homogenization Phylogenetic diversity tends to decline as expected as species go extinct
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma C Hughes
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; Bird Group, Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Akeman Street, Tring HP23 6AP, UK.
| | - David P Edwards
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Gavin H Thomas
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; Bird Group, Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Akeman Street, Tring HP23 6AP, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
McLean M. Functional trade-offs in fish communities. Nat Ecol Evol 2022; 6:669-670. [PMID: 35379938 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-022-01706-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew McLean
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Srivastava DS, MacDonald AAM, Pillar VD, Kratina P, Debastiani VJ, Guzman LM, Trzcinski MK, Dézerald O, Barberis IM, de Omena PM, Romero GQ, Ospina Bautista F, Marino NAC, Leroy C, Farjalla VF, Richardson BA, Gonçalves AZ, Corbara B, Petermann JS, Richardson MJ, Melnychuk MC, Jocqué M, Ngai JT, Talaga S, Piccoli GCO, Montero G, Kirby KR, Starzomski BM, Céréghino R. Geographical variation in the trait‐based assembly patterns of multitrophic invertebrate communities. Funct Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diane S. Srivastava
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - A. Andrew M. MacDonald
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, CNRS Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier Toulouse France
- Centre for the Synthesis and Analysis of Biodiversity (CESAB‐FRB), Montpellier, France the Synthesis and Analysis of Biodiversity (CESAB‐FRB), Aix‐en‐Provence France
| | - Valério D. Pillar
- Department of Ecology and Graduate Program in Ecology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences Queen Mary University of London London UK
| | - Vanderlei J. Debastiani
- Department of Ecology and Graduate Program in Ecology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Laura Melissa Guzman
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC Canada
| | - M. Kurtis Trzcinski
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Olivier Dézerald
- EcoFoG, Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, CNRS UMR 8172 Kourou France
- ESE, Ecology and Ecosystems Health, INRAE, Agrocampus Ouest, 35042 Rennes France
| | - Ignacio M. Barberis
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario, IICAR‐CONICET‐UNR, Universidad Nacional de Rosario Zavalla Argentina
| | - Paula M. de Omena
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology University of Campinas Campinas SP Brazil
- Institute of Biological Sciences Federal University of Pará Belém PA Brazil
| | - Gustavo Q. Romero
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology University of Campinas Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Fabiola Ospina Bautista
- Department of Biological Sciences Andes University Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Caldas Colombia Colombia
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Caldas Colombia
| | - Nicholas A. C. Marino
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Céline Leroy
- AMAP, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD Montpellier France
- ECOFOG, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université de Guyane, Université des Kourou France
| | - Vinicius F. Farjalla
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Barbara A. Richardson
- Edinburgh UK
- Luquillo LTER, Institute for Tropical Ecosystem Studies University of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico
| | - Ana Z. Gonçalves
- Department of Botany, Biosciences Institute University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Bruno Corbara
- Laboratoire Microorganismes, Génome et Environnement Université Clermont Auvergne Aubière France
| | | | - Michael J. Richardson
- Edinburgh UK
- Luquillo LTER, Institute for Tropical Ecosystem Studies University of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico
| | | | - Merlijn Jocqué
- Aquatic and Terrestrial Ecology Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences Brussels Belgium
| | - Jacqueline T. Ngai
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Stanislas Talaga
- Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Unité d’Entomologie Médicale Cayenne France
- MIVEGEC, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, IRD Montpellier France
| | - Gustavo C. O. Piccoli
- Department of Zoology and Botany University of São Paulo State São José do Rio Preto SP Brazil
| | - Guillermo Montero
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario, IICAR‐CONICET‐UNR, Universidad Nacional de Rosario Zavalla Argentina
| | - Kathryn R. Kirby
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | | | - Régis Céréghino
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, CNRS Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier Toulouse France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mathon L, Marques V, Mouillot D, Albouy C, Andrello M, Baletaud F, Borrero-Pérez GH, Dejean T, Edgar GJ, Grondin J, Guerin PE, Hocdé R, Juhel JB, Kadarusman, Maire E, Mariani G, McLean M, Polanco F. A, Pouyaud L, Stuart-Smith RD, Sugeha HY, Valentini A, Vigliola L, Vimono IB, Pellissier L, Manel S. Cross-ocean patterns and processes in fish biodiversity on coral reefs through the lens of eDNA metabarcoding. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20220162. [PMID: 35440210 PMCID: PMC9019517 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing speed and magnitude of global change threaten the world's biodiversity and particularly coral reef fishes. A better understanding of large-scale patterns and processes on coral reefs is essential to prevent fish biodiversity decline but it requires new monitoring approaches. Here, we use environmental DNA metabarcoding to reconstruct well-known patterns of fish biodiversity on coral reefs and uncover hidden patterns on these highly diverse and threatened ecosystems. We analysed 226 environmental DNA (eDNA) seawater samples from 100 stations in five tropical regions (Caribbean, Central and Southwest Pacific, Coral Triangle and Western Indian Ocean) and compared those to 2047 underwater visual censuses from the Reef Life Survey in 1224 stations. Environmental DNA reveals a higher (16%) fish biodiversity, with 2650 taxa, and 25% more families than underwater visual surveys. By identifying more pelagic, reef-associated and crypto-benthic species, eDNA offers a fresh view on assembly rules across spatial scales. Nevertheless, the reef life survey identified more species than eDNA in 47 shared families, which can be due to incomplete sequence assignment, possibly combined with incomplete detection in the environment, for some species. Combining eDNA metabarcoding and extensive visual census offers novel insights on the spatial organization of the richest marine ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Mathon
- CEFE, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE-PSL University, IRD, Montpellier, France
- ENTROPIE, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Univ. Réunion, UNC, CNRS, Q1 IFREMER, Nouméa, New Caledonia, France
| | - Virginie Marques
- CEFE, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE-PSL University, IRD, Montpellier, France
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - David Mouillot
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Montpellier, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, France
| | - Camille Albouy
- DECOD (Ecosystem Dynamics and Sustainability), IFREMER, INRAE, Institut Agro - Agrocampus Ouest, Nantes, France
| | - Marco Andrello
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Montpellier, France
- Institute for the study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in the marine environment, National Research Council (CNR-IAS), Rome, Italy
| | - Florian Baletaud
- ENTROPIE, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Univ. Réunion, UNC, CNRS, Q1 IFREMER, Nouméa, New Caledonia, France
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Montpellier, France
- SOPRONER, groupe GINGER, 98000 Noumea, New Caledonia, France
| | - Giomar H. Borrero-Pérez
- Programa de Biodiversidad y Ecosistemas Marinos, Museo de Historia Natural Marina de Colombia (MHNMC), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras- INVEMAR, Santa Marta, Colombia
| | | | - Graham J. Edgar
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | | | | | - Régis Hocdé
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Kadarusman
- Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Sorong, KKD BP Sumberdaya Genetik, Konservasi dan Domestikasi, Papua Barat, Indonesia
| | - Eva Maire
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Montpellier, France
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Gael Mariani
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Matthew McLean
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax NSB3H4R2, Canada
| | - Andrea Polanco F.
- Programa de Biodiversidad y Ecosistemas Marinos, Museo de Historia Natural Marina de Colombia (MHNMC), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras- INVEMAR, Santa Marta, Colombia
| | - Laurent Pouyaud
- ISEM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Rick D. Stuart-Smith
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Hagi Yulia Sugeha
- Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Pasir Putih 1, Ancol Timur, Jakarta Utara 14430, Indonesia
| | | | - Laurent Vigliola
- ENTROPIE, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Univ. Réunion, UNC, CNRS, Q1 IFREMER, Nouméa, New Caledonia, France
| | - Indra B. Vimono
- Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Pasir Putih 1, Ancol Timur, Jakarta Utara 14430, Indonesia
| | - Loïc Pellissier
- Landscape Ecology, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Unit of Land Change Science, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Stéphanie Manel
- CEFE, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE-PSL University, IRD, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ng LWK, Chisholm C, Carrasco LR, Darling ES, Guilhaumon F, Mooers AØ, Tucker CM, Winter M, Huang D. Prioritizing phylogenetic diversity to protect functional diversity of reef corals. DIVERS DISTRIB 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Linus W. K. Ng
- Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | | | - Luis Roman Carrasco
- Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Centre for Nature‐based Climate Solutions National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | | | | | - Arne Ø. Mooers
- Department of Biological Sciences Simon Fraser University Burnaby Canada
| | - Caroline M. Tucker
- Environment, Ecology and Energy Program University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Marten Winter
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research Leipzig Germany
| | - Danwei Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Centre for Nature‐based Climate Solutions National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum and Tropical Marine Science Institute National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bosch NE, McLean M, Zarco-Perello S, Bennett S, Stuart-Smith RD, Vergés A, Pessarrodona A, Tuya F, Langlois T, Spencer C, Bell S, Saunders BJ, Harvey ES, Wernberg T. Persistent thermally driven shift in the functional trait structure of herbivorous fishes: Evidence of top-down control on the rebound potential of temperate seaweed forests? GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:2296-2311. [PMID: 34981602 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Extreme climatic events can reshape the functional structure of ecological communities, potentially altering ecological interactions and ecosystem functioning. While these shifts have been widely documented, evidence of their persistence and potential flow-on effects on ecosystem structure following relaxation of extreme events remains limited. Here, we investigate changes in the functional trait structure - encompassing dimensions of resource use, thermal affinity, and body size - of herbivorous fishes in a temperate reef system that experienced an extreme marine heatwave (MHW) and subsequent return to cool conditions. We quantify how changes in the trait structure modified the nature and intensity of herbivory-related functions (macroalgae, turf, and sediment removal), and explored the potential flow-on effects on the recovery dynamics of macroalgal foundation species. The trait structure of the herbivorous fish assemblage shifted as a result of the MHW, from dominance of cool-water browsing species to increased evenness in the distribution of abundance among temperate and tropical guilds supporting novel herbivory roles (i.e. scraping, cropping, and sediment sucking). Despite the abundance of tropical herbivorous fishes and intensity of herbivory-related functions declined following a period of cooling after the MHW, the underlying trait structure displayed limited recovery. Concomitantly, algal assemblages displayed a lack of recovery of the formerly dominant foundational species, the kelp Ecklonia radiata, transitioning to an alternative state dominated by turf and Sargassum spp. Our study demonstrates a legacy effect of an extreme MHW and exemplified the value of monitoring phenotypic (trait mediated) changes in the nature of core ecosystem processes to predict and adapt to the future configurations of changing reef ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nestor E Bosch
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Matthew McLean
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Salvador Zarco-Perello
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Scott Bennett
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Rick D Stuart-Smith
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Adriana Vergés
- Centre of Marine Science & Innovation, Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Albert Pessarrodona
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Fernando Tuya
- Grupo en Biodiversidad y Conservación, IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de G.C., Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Tim Langlois
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Claude Spencer
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sahira Bell
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Saunders
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Euan S Harvey
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Thomas Wernberg
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Institute of Marine Research, His, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Pérez-Matus A, Neubauer P, Shima JS, Rivadeneira MM. Reef Fish Diversity Across the Temperate South Pacific Ocean. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.768707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Patterns of species richness and their structuring forces at multiple scales provide a critical context for research efforts focusing on ecology, evolution, and conservation. Diversity gradients have been demonstrated in tropical reef fish, but corresponding patterns and mechanisms remain poorly understood in temperate regions. We conducted hierarchical (spatially nested) sampling of temperate reef fish faunas across > 140 degrees of longitude in the eastern and western South Pacific Ocean. Our sampling efforts spanned five distinct provinces: the Southeast Australian Shelf (SAS), Northern and Southern New Zealand (N-SNZ), Juan Fernandez and Desventuradas Islands (JFD), and the Warm Temperate Southeastern Pacific (WTPA). We evaluated (i) spatial variation in patterns of species richness and abundance (using Chao 1 index), and distribution of functional diversity (using several functional attributes: max body size, trophic groups, feeding guilds, trophic level, habitat use, gregariousness, and activity patterns) and (ii) scale-dependencies in these patterns. Species richness declined from west to east across the temperate South Pacific, but this pattern was detectable only across larger spatial scales. A functional redundancy index was significantly higher in the western South Australian Shelf at multiple scales, revealing that species contribute in equivalent ways to an ecosystem function such that one species may substitute for another. We also detected that patterns of variation in functional diversity differed from patterns of variation in species richness, and were also dependent on the spatial scale of analysis. Lastly, we identified that species’ traits are not equally distributed among reef fish assemblages, where some provinces are characterized by a distinct functional component within their reef fish assemblages. Planktivorous and schooling species, for instance, dominated the assemblages in the eastern Pacific, which is characterized by higher primary productivity and steep bathymetric slopes favoring these traits. Demersal and pairing behavior traits dominated the reef fish assemblages in western Pacific provinces (SAS, SNZ). We conclude that combining the identifies and species’ traits allow us to disentangle historical, biogeographic and environmental factors that structure reef fish fauna.
Collapse
|
22
|
Hughes EC, Edwards DP, Bright JA, Capp EJR, Cooney CR, Varley ZK, Thomas GH. Global biogeographic patterns of avian morphological diversity. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:598-610. [PMID: 35199925 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the biogeographical patterns, and evolutionary and environmental drivers, underpinning morphological diversity are key for determining its origins and conservation. Using a comprehensive set of continuous morphological traits extracted from museum collections of 8353 bird species, including geometric morphometric beak shape data, we find that avian morphological diversity is unevenly distributed globally, even after controlling for species richness, with exceptionally dense packing of species in hyper-diverse tropical hotspots. At the regional level, these areas also have high morphological variance, with species exhibiting high phenotypic diversity. Evolutionary history likely plays a key role in shaping these patterns, with evolutionarily old species contributing to niche expansion, and young species contributing to niche packing. Taken together, these results imply that the tropics are both 'cradles' and 'museums' of phenotypic diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma C Hughes
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - David P Edwards
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jen A Bright
- Department of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Elliot J R Capp
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Zoë K Varley
- Bird Group, Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Tring, UK
| | - Gavin H Thomas
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,Bird Group, Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Tring, UK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tobias JA. A bird in the hand: Global-scale morphological trait datasets open new frontiers of ecology, evolution and ecosystem science. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:573-580. [PMID: 35199920 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Tobias
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Urbina‐Barreto I, Elise S, Guilhaumon F, Bruggemann JH, Pinel R, Kulbicki M, Vigliola L, Mou‐Tham G, Mahamadaly V, Facon M, Bureau S, Peignon C, Dutrieux E, Garnier R, Penin L, Adjeroud M. Underwater photogrammetry reveals new links between coral reefscape traits and fishes that ensure key functions. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Urbina‐Barreto
- UMR 9220 ENTROPIE, Université de la Réunion, CNRS, IRD, IFREMER, Université de la Nouvelle‐Calédonie Saint‐Denis France
- Creocean OI Sainte Clotilde France
| | - Simon Elise
- UMR 9220 ENTROPIE, Université de la Réunion, CNRS, IRD, IFREMER, Université de la Nouvelle‐Calédonie Saint‐Denis France
| | - François Guilhaumon
- MARBEC, IRD, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Ifremer Montpellier France
- IRD Saint‐Denis France
| | - J. Henrich Bruggemann
- UMR 9220 ENTROPIE, Université de la Réunion, CNRS, IRD, IFREMER, Université de la Nouvelle‐Calédonie Saint‐Denis France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL Perpignan France
| | | | - Michel Kulbicki
- Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL Perpignan France
- UMR 9220 ENTROPIE, Université de la Réunion, CNRS, IRD, IFREMER, Université de la Nouvelle‐Calédonie, Université de Perpignan Nouméa France
| | - Laurent Vigliola
- Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL Perpignan France
- UMR 9220 ENTROPIE, Université de la Réunion, CNRS, IRD, IFREMER, Université de la Nouvelle‐Calédonie Nouméa New Caledonia
| | - Gerard Mou‐Tham
- UMR 9220 ENTROPIE, Université de la Réunion, CNRS, IRD, IFREMER, Université de la Nouvelle‐Calédonie Nouméa New Caledonia
| | | | | | - Sophie Bureau
- UMR 9220 ENTROPIE, Université de la Réunion, CNRS, IRD, IFREMER, Université de la Nouvelle‐Calédonie Saint‐Denis France
| | - Christophe Peignon
- UMR 9220 ENTROPIE, Université de la Réunion, CNRS, IRD, IFREMER, Université de la Nouvelle‐Calédonie Nouméa New Caledonia
| | | | | | - Lucie Penin
- UMR 9220 ENTROPIE, Université de la Réunion, CNRS, IRD, IFREMER, Université de la Nouvelle‐Calédonie Saint‐Denis France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL Perpignan France
| | - Mehdi Adjeroud
- Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL Perpignan France
- UMR 9220 ENTROPIE, Université de la Réunion, CNRS, IRD, IFREMER, Université de la Nouvelle‐Calédonie, Université de Perpignan Nouméa France
- PSL Université Paris, USR 3278 CRIOBE—EPHE‐UPVD‐CNRS Perpignan France
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Davies BFR, Holmes L, Bicknell A, Attrill MJ, Sheehan EV. A decade implementing ecosystem approach to fisheries management improves diversity of taxa and traits within a marine protected area in the UK. DIVERS DISTRIB 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
|
26
|
How do lizard niches conserve, diverge or converge? Further exploration of saurian evolutionary ecology. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:149. [PMID: 34330210 PMCID: PMC8323276 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01877-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Environmental conditions on Earth are repeated in non-random patterns that often coincide with species from different regions and time periods having consistent combinations of morphological, physiological and behavioral traits. Observation of repeated trait combinations among species confronting similar environmental conditions suggest that adaptive trait combinations are constrained by functional tradeoffs within or across niche dimensions. In an earlier study, we assembled a high-resolution database of functional traits for 134 lizard species to explore ecological diversification in relation to five fundamental niche dimensions. Here we expand and further examine multivariate relationships in that dataset to assess the relative influence of niche dimensions on the distribution of species in 6-dimensional niche space and how these may deviate from distributions generated from null models. We then analyzed a dataset with lower functional-trait resolution for 1023 lizard species that was compiled from our dataset and a published database, representing most of the extant families and environmental conditions occupied by lizards globally. Ordinations from multivariate analysis were compared with null models to assess how ecological and historical factors have resulted in the conservation, divergence or convergence of lizard niches. Results Lizard species clustered within a functional niche volume influenced mostly by functional traits associated with diet, activity, and habitat/substrate. Consistent patterns of trait combinations within and among niche dimensions yielded 24 functional groups that occupied a total niche space significantly smaller than plausible spaces projected by null models. Null model tests indicated that several functional groups are strongly constrained by phylogeny, such as nocturnality in the Gekkota and the secondarily acquired sit-and-wait foraging strategy in Iguania. Most of the widely distributed and species-rich families contained multiple functional groups thereby contributing to high incidence of niche convergence. Conclusions Comparison of empirical patterns with those generated by null models suggests that ecological filters promote limited sets of trait combinations, especially where similar conditions occur, reflecting both niche convergence and conservatism. Widespread patterns of niche convergence following ancestral niche diversification support the idea that lizard niches are defined by trait-function relationships and interactions with environment that are, to some degree, predictable and independent of phylogeny. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12862-021-01877-8.
Collapse
|
27
|
Mouillot D, Loiseau N, Grenié M, Algar AC, Allegra M, Cadotte MW, Casajus N, Denelle P, Guéguen M, Maire A, Maitner B, McGill BJ, McLean M, Mouquet N, Munoz F, Thuiller W, Villéger S, Violle C, Auber A. The dimensionality and structure of species trait spaces. Ecol Lett 2021; 24:1988-2009. [PMID: 34015168 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Trait-based ecology aims to understand the processes that generate the overarching diversity of organismal traits and their influence on ecosystem functioning. Achieving this goal requires simplifying this complexity in synthetic axes defining a trait space and to cluster species based on their traits while identifying those with unique combinations of traits. However, so far, we know little about the dimensionality, the robustness to trait omission and the structure of these trait spaces. Here, we propose a unified framework and a synthesis across 30 trait datasets representing a broad variety of taxa, ecosystems and spatial scales to show that a common trade-off between trait space quality and operationality appears between three and six dimensions. The robustness to trait omission is generally low but highly variable among datasets. We also highlight invariant scaling relationships, whatever organismal complexity, between the number of clusters, the number of species in the dominant cluster and the number of unique species with total species richness. When species richness increases, the number of unique species saturates, whereas species tend to disproportionately pack in the richest cluster. Based on these results, we propose some rules of thumb to build species trait spaces and estimate subsequent functional diversity indices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Mouillot
- MARBEC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Montpellier, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, IUF, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Loiseau
- MARBEC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Matthias Grenié
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive-UMR 5175 CEFE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, University of Paul Valéry, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Adam C Algar
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Michele Allegra
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Aix Marseille Université, UMR 7289, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Marc W Cadotte
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto-Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Pierre Denelle
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Maya Guéguen
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
| | - Anthony Maire
- EDF R&D, LNHE (Laboratoire National d'Hydraulique et Environnement), Chatou, France
| | - Brian Maitner
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Mansfield, CT, USA
| | - Brian J McGill
- School of Biology and Ecology and Mitchell Center for Sustainability Solutions, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Matthew McLean
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Nicolas Mouquet
- MARBEC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Montpellier, France.,FRB-CESAB, Institut Bouisson Bertrand, Montpellier, France
| | - François Munoz
- LiPhy (Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique), Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Wilfried Thuiller
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
| | - Sébastien Villéger
- MARBEC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Cyrille Violle
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive-UMR 5175 CEFE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, University of Paul Valéry, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Arnaud Auber
- IFREMER, Unité Halieutique Manche Mer du Nord, Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| |
Collapse
|