1
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Martin KE, Hammer Q, Perica K, Sadelain M, Malmberg KJ. Engineering immune-evasive allogeneic cellular immunotherapies. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:680-693. [PMID: 38658708 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-024-01022-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Allogeneic cellular immunotherapies hold a great promise for cancer treatment owing to their potential cost-effectiveness, scalability and on-demand availability. However, immune rejection of adoptively transferred allogeneic T and natural killer (NK) cells is a substantial obstacle to achieving clinical responses that are comparable to responses obtained with current autologous chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapies. In this Perspective, we discuss strategies to confer cell-intrinsic, immune-evasive properties to allogeneic T cells and NK cells in order to prevent or delay their immune rejection, thereby widening the therapeutic window. We discuss how common viral and cancer immune escape mechanisms can serve as a blueprint for improving the persistence of off-the-shelf allogeneic cell therapies. The prospects of harnessing genome editing and synthetic biology to design cell-based precision immunotherapies extend beyond programming target specificities and require careful consideration of innate and adaptive responses in the recipient that may curtail the biodistribution, in vivo expansion and persistence of cellular therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen E Martin
- Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, The University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research Oslo, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Quirin Hammer
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karlo Perica
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Cell Therapy Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michel Sadelain
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karl-Johan Malmberg
- Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, The University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research Oslo, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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2
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Chen B, Deng Y, Ren X, Zhao J, Jiang C. CRISPR/Cas9 screening: unraveling cancer immunotherapy's 'Rosetta Stone'. Trends Mol Med 2024; 30:736-749. [PMID: 38763850 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2024.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based technology, a powerful toolset for the unbiased functional genomic screening of biological processes, has facilitated several scientific breakthroughs in the biomedical field. Cancer immunotherapy has advanced the treatment of numerous malignancies that previously had restricted treatment options or unfavorable outcomes. In the realm of cancer immunotherapy, the application of CRISPR/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9)-based genetic perturbation screening has enabled the identification of genes, biomarkers, and signaling pathways that govern various cancer immunoreactivities, as well as the development of effective immunotherapeutic targets. In this review, we summarize the advances in CRISPR/Cas9-based screening for cancer immunotherapy and outline the immunotherapeutic targets identified via CRISPR screening based on cancer-type classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoxiang Chen
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 0B1, Canada
| | - Yanrong Deng
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xianghai Ren
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Jianhong Zhao
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Congqing Jiang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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3
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Cao Y, Yi W, Zhu Q. Glycosylation in the tumor immune response: the bitter side of sweetness. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:1184-1198. [PMID: 38946426 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is the most structurally diverse form of post-translational modification (PTM) of proteins that affects a myriad of cellular processes. As a pivotal regulator of protein homeostasis, glycosylation notably impacts the function of proteins, spanning from protein localization and stability to protein-protein interactions. Aberrant glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer, and extensive studies have revealed the multifaceted roles of glycosylation in tumor growth, migration, invasion and immune escape Over the past decade, glycosylation has emerged as an immune regulator in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we summarize the intricate interplay between glycosylation and the immune system documented in recent literature, which orchestrates the regulation of the tumor immune response through endogenous lectins, immune checkpoints and the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the TME. In addition, we discuss the latest progress in glycan-based cancer immunotherapy. This review provides a basic understanding of glycosylation in the tumor immune response and a theoretical framework for tumor immunotherapy.
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4
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Jame-Chenarboo Z, Gray TE, Macauley MS. Advances in understanding and exploiting Siglec-glycan interactions. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2024; 80:102454. [PMID: 38631213 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.102454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Sialic-acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectins (Siglecs) are a family of cell-surface immunomodulatory receptors that recognize sialic-acid-containing glycans. The majority of Siglecs have an inhibitory motif in their intercellular domain and can regulate the cellular activation of immune cells. Importantly, the immunomodulatory role of Siglecs is regulated by engagement with distinct sialoglycan ligands. However, there are still many unanswered questions about the precise ligand(s) recognized by individual Siglec family members. New tools and approaches to study Siglec-ligand interactions are rapidly filling this knowledge gap. This review provides an overview of recent advances in discovering Siglec ligands as well as the development of approaches to modulate the function of Siglecs. In both aspects, chemical biology approaches are emphasized with a discussion on how these are complementing biochemical and genetic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taylor E Gray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Canada
| | - Matthew S Macauley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Canada; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Canada.
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5
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Coccimiglio M, Chiodo F, van Kooyk Y. The sialic acid-Siglec immune checkpoint: an opportunity to enhance immune responses and therapy effectiveness in melanoma. Br J Dermatol 2024; 190:627-635. [PMID: 38197441 DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljad517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Modulation of immune responses through immune checkpoint blockade has revolutionized cutaneous melanoma treatment. However, it is still the case that not all patients respond successfully to these therapies, indicating the presence of as yet unknown resistance mechanisms. Hence, it is crucial to find novel targets to improve therapy efficacy. One of the described resistance mechanisms is regulated by immune inhibitory Siglec receptors, which are engaged by the carbohydrates sialic acids expressed on tumour cells, contributing to programmed cell death protein-1 (PD1)-like immune suppression mechanisms. In this review, we provide an overview on the regulation of sialic acid synthesis, its expression in melanoma, and the contribution of the sialic acid-Siglec axis to tumour development and immune suppressive mechanisms in the tumour microenvironment. Finally, we highlight potential sialic acid-Siglec axis-related therapeutics to improve the treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Coccimiglio
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Fabrizio Chiodo
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Italian National Research Council, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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6
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Pedram K, Shon DJ, Tender GS, Mantuano NR, Northey JJ, Metcalf KJ, Wisnovsky SP, Riley NM, Forcina GC, Malaker SA, Kuo A, George BM, Miller CL, Casey KM, Vilches-Moure JG, Ferracane MJ, Weaver VM, Läubli H, Bertozzi CR. Design of a mucin-selective protease for targeted degradation of cancer-associated mucins. Nat Biotechnol 2024; 42:597-607. [PMID: 37537499 PMCID: PMC11018308 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-023-01840-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Targeted protein degradation is an emerging strategy for the elimination of classically undruggable proteins. Here, to expand the landscape of targetable substrates, we designed degraders that achieve substrate selectivity via recognition of a discrete peptide and glycan motif and achieve cell-type selectivity via antigen-driven cell-surface binding. We applied this approach to mucins, O-glycosylated proteins that drive cancer progression through biophysical and immunological mechanisms. Engineering of a bacterial mucin-selective protease yielded a variant for fusion to a cancer antigen-binding nanobody. The resulting conjugate selectively degraded mucins on cancer cells, promoted cell death in culture models of mucin-driven growth and survival, and reduced tumor growth in mouse models of breast cancer progression. This work establishes a blueprint for the development of biologics that degrade specific protein glycoforms on target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayvon Pedram
- Department of Chemistry and Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - D Judy Shon
- Department of Chemistry and Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gabrielle S Tender
- Department of Chemistry and Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Natalia R Mantuano
- Cancer Immunotherapy Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Oncology, Department of Theragnostics, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jason J Northey
- Center for Bioengineering and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kevin J Metcalf
- Center for Bioengineering and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Simon P Wisnovsky
- Department of Chemistry and Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nicholas M Riley
- Department of Chemistry and Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Giovanni C Forcina
- Department of Chemistry and Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Stacy A Malaker
- Department of Chemistry and Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Angel Kuo
- Department of Chemistry and Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Benson M George
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Caitlyn L Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kerriann M Casey
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Valerie M Weaver
- Center for Bioengineering and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, and Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Heinz Läubli
- Cancer Immunotherapy Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Oncology, Department of Theragnostics, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carolyn R Bertozzi
- Department of Chemistry and Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA, USA.
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7
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Garnham R, Geh D, Nelson R, Ramon-Gil E, Wilson L, Schmidt EN, Walker L, Adamson B, Buskin A, Hepburn AC, Hodgson K, Kendall H, Frame FM, Maitland N, Coffey K, Strand DW, Robson CN, Elliott DJ, Heer R, Macauley M, Munkley J, Gaughan L, Leslie J, Scott E. ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase 1 (ST3Gal1) synthesis of Siglec ligands mediates anti-tumour immunity in prostate cancer. Commun Biol 2024; 7:276. [PMID: 38448753 PMCID: PMC10918101 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05924-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade has yet to produce robust anti-cancer responses for prostate cancer. Sialyltransferases have been shown across several solid tumours, including breast, melanoma, colorectal and prostate to promote immune suppression by synthesising sialoglycans, which act as ligands for Siglec receptors. We report that ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase 1 (ST3Gal1) levels negatively correlate with androgen signalling in prostate tumours. We demonstrate that ST3Gal1 plays an important role in modulating tumour immune evasion through the synthesises of sialoglycans with the capacity to engage the Siglec-7 and Siglec-9 immunoreceptors preventing immune clearance of cancer cells. Here, we provide evidence of the expression of Siglec-7/9 ligands and their respective immunoreceptors in prostate tumours. These interactions can be modulated by enzalutamide and may maintain immune suppression in enzalutamide treated tumours. We conclude that the activity of ST3Gal1 is critical to prostate cancer anti-tumour immunity and provide rationale for the use of glyco-immune checkpoint targeting therapies in advanced prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Garnham
- Newcastle University, Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Daniel Geh
- Newcastle University, Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Ryan Nelson
- Newcastle University, Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Erik Ramon-Gil
- Newcastle University, Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Laura Wilson
- Newcastle University, Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Edward N Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Laura Walker
- Newcastle University, Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Beth Adamson
- Newcastle University, Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Adriana Buskin
- Newcastle University, Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Anastasia C Hepburn
- Newcastle University, Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Kirsty Hodgson
- Newcastle University, Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Hannah Kendall
- Newcastle University, Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Fiona M Frame
- Cancer Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, North Yorkshire, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Norman Maitland
- Cancer Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, North Yorkshire, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Kelly Coffey
- Newcastle University, Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Douglas W Strand
- Department of Urology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Craig N Robson
- Newcastle University, Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - David J Elliott
- Newcastle University, Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Rakesh Heer
- Newcastle University, Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Matthew Macauley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Jennifer Munkley
- Newcastle University, Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Luke Gaughan
- Newcastle University, Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Jack Leslie
- Newcastle University, Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Emma Scott
- Newcastle University, Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK.
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8
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Boelaars K, van Kooyk Y. Targeting myeloid cells for cancer immunotherapy: Siglec-7/9/10/15 and their ligands. Trends Cancer 2024; 10:230-241. [PMID: 38160071 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Advances in immunotherapy have revolutionized cancer treatment, yet many patients do not show clinical responses. While most immunotherapies target T cells, myeloid cells are the most abundant cell type in solid tumors and are key orchestrators of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), hampering effective T cell responses. Therefore, unraveling the immune suppressive pathways within myeloid cells could unveil new avenues for cancer immunotherapy. Over the past decade, Siglec receptors and their ligand, sialic acids, have emerged as a novel immune checkpoint on myeloid cells. In this review, we highlight key findings on how sialic acids modify immunity in the TME through engagement of Siglec-7/9/10/15 expressed on myeloid cells, and how the sialic acid-Siglec axis can be targeted for future cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Boelaars
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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9
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Atxabal U, Nycholat C, Pröpster JM, Fernández A, Oyenarte I, Lenza MP, Franconetti A, Soares CO, Coelho H, Marcelo F, Schubert M, Paulson JC, Jiménez-Barbero J, Ereño-Orbea J. Unraveling Molecular Recognition of Glycan Ligands by Siglec-9 via NMR Spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamics Modeling. ACS Chem Biol 2024; 19:483-496. [PMID: 38321945 PMCID: PMC10877568 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Human sialic-acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin-9 (Siglec-9) is a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor expressed on several immune cells. Binding of Siglec-9 to sialic acid containing glycans (sialoglycans) is well documented to modulate its functions as an inhibitory receptor. Here, we first assigned the amino acid backbone of the Siglec-9 V-set domain (Siglec-9d1), using well-established triple resonance three-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods. Then, we combined solution NMR and molecular dynamic simulation methods to decipher the molecular details of the interaction of Siglec-9 with the natural ligands α2,3 and α2,6 sialyl lactosamines (SLN), sialyl Lewis X (sLeX), and 6-O sulfated sLeX and with two synthetically modified sialoglycans that bind with high affinity. As expected, Neu5Ac is accommodated between the F and G β-strands at the canonical sialic acid binding site. Addition of a heteroaromatic scaffold 9N-5-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)thiophene sulfonamide (MTTS) at the C9 position of Neu5Ac generates new interactions with the hydrophobic residues located at the G-G' loop and the N-terminal region of Siglec-9. Similarly, the addition of the aromatic substituent (5-N-(1-benzhydryl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl (BTC)) at the C5 position of Neu5Ac stabilizes the conformation of the long and flexible B'-C loop present in Siglec-9. These results expose the underlying mechanism responsible for the enhanced affinity and specificity for Siglec-9 for these two modified sialoglycans and sheds light on the rational design of the next generation of modified sialoglycans targeting Siglec-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unai Atxabal
- Chemical
Glycobiology Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC
bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology
Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Corwin Nycholat
- Departments
of Molecular Medicine and Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Johannes M. Pröpster
- Institute
of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Fernández
- Chemical
Glycobiology Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC
bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology
Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Iker Oyenarte
- Chemical
Glycobiology Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC
bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology
Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Maria Pia Lenza
- Chemical
Glycobiology Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC
bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology
Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Antonio Franconetti
- Chemical
Glycobiology Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC
bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology
Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Cátia O. Soares
- Associate
Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School
of Science and Technology, Universidade
NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO,
Department of Chemistry, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Helena Coelho
- Associate
Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School
of Science and Technology, Universidade
NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO,
Department of Chemistry, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Filipa Marcelo
- Associate
Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School
of Science and Technology, Universidade
NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO,
Department of Chemistry, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Mario Schubert
- Institute
of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department
of Biosciences and Molecular Biology, University
of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstrasse
34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - James C. Paulson
- Departments
of Molecular Medicine and Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- Chemical
Glycobiology Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC
bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology
Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, Euskadi Pl., 5, 48009 Bilbao, Biscay, Spain
- Department
of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, EHU-UPV, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro
de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón
11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - June Ereño-Orbea
- Chemical
Glycobiology Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC
bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology
Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, Euskadi Pl., 5, 48009 Bilbao, Biscay, Spain
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10
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Stewart N, Daly J, Drummond-Guy O, Krishnamoorthy V, Stark JC, Riley NM, Williams KC, Bertozzi CR, Wisnovsky S. The glycoimmune checkpoint receptor Siglec-7 interacts with T-cell ligands and regulates T-cell activation. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105579. [PMID: 38141764 PMCID: PMC10831161 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Siglec-7 (sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 7) is a glycan-binding immune receptor that is emerging as a significant target of interest for cancer immunotherapy. The physiological ligands that bind Siglec-7, however, remain incompletely defined. In this study, we characterized the expression of Siglec-7 ligands on peripheral immune cell subsets and assessed whether Siglec-7 functionally regulates interactions between immune cells. We found that disialyl core 1 O-glycans are the major immune ligands for Siglec-7 and that these ligands are particularly highly expressed on naïve T-cells. Densely glycosylated sialomucins are the primary carriers of these glycans, in particular a glycoform of the cell-surface marker CD43. Biosynthesis of Siglec-7-binding glycans is dynamically controlled on different immune cell subsets through a genetic circuit involving the glycosyltransferase GCNT1. Siglec-7 blockade was found to increase activation of both primary T-cells and antigen-presenting dendritic cells in vitro, indicating that Siglec-7 binds T-cell glycans to regulate intraimmune signaling. Finally, we present evidence that Siglec-7 directly activates signaling pathways in T-cells, suggesting a new biological function for this receptor. These studies conclusively demonstrate the existence of a novel Siglec-7-mediated signaling axis that physiologically regulates T-cell activity. Going forward, our findings have significant implications for the design and implementation of therapies targeting immunoregulatory Siglec receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Stewart
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John Daly
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Olivia Drummond-Guy
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Vignesh Krishnamoorthy
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jessica C Stark
- Department of Chemistry & Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicholas M Riley
- Department of Chemistry & Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Karla C Williams
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Carolyn R Bertozzi
- Department of Chemistry & Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Simon Wisnovsky
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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11
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Dufva O, Gandolfi S, Huuhtanen J, Dashevsky O, Duàn H, Saeed K, Klievink J, Nygren P, Bouhlal J, Lahtela J, Näätänen A, Ghimire BR, Hannunen T, Ellonen P, Lähteenmäki H, Rumm P, Theodoropoulos J, Laajala E, Härkönen J, Pölönen P, Heinäniemi M, Hollmén M, Yamano S, Shirasaki R, Barbie DA, Roth JA, Romee R, Sheffer M, Lähdesmäki H, Lee DA, De Matos Simoes R, Kankainen M, Mitsiades CS, Mustjoki S. Single-cell functional genomics reveals determinants of sensitivity and resistance to natural killer cells in blood cancers. Immunity 2023; 56:2816-2835.e13. [PMID: 38091953 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells can evade natural killer (NK) cell activity, thereby limiting anti-tumor immunity. To reveal genetic determinants of susceptibility to NK cell activity, we examined interacting NK cells and blood cancer cells using single-cell and genome-scale functional genomics screens. Interaction of NK and cancer cells induced distinct activation and type I interferon (IFN) states in both cell types depending on the cancer cell lineage and molecular phenotype, ranging from more sensitive myeloid to less sensitive B-lymphoid cancers. CRISPR screens in cancer cells uncovered genes regulating sensitivity and resistance to NK cell-mediated killing, including adhesion-related glycoproteins, protein fucosylation genes, and transcriptional regulators, in addition to confirming the importance of antigen presentation and death receptor signaling pathways. CRISPR screens with a single-cell transcriptomic readout provided insight into underlying mechanisms, including regulation of IFN-γ signaling in cancer cells and NK cell activation states. Our findings highlight the diversity of mechanisms influencing NK cell susceptibility across different cancers and provide a resource for NK cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olli Dufva
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sara Gandolfi
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jani Huuhtanen
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Olga Dashevsky
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ludwig Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hanna Duàn
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Khalid Saeed
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jay Klievink
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Petra Nygren
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jonas Bouhlal
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jenni Lahtela
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Näätänen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bishwa R Ghimire
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Hannunen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Ellonen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Lähteenmäki
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pauliina Rumm
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jason Theodoropoulos
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Essi Laajala
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jouni Härkönen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Petri Pölönen
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Merja Heinäniemi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maija Hollmén
- Medicity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Shizuka Yamano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ludwig Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ryosuke Shirasaki
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ludwig Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - David A Barbie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ludwig Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jennifer A Roth
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Rizwan Romee
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ludwig Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Michal Sheffer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ludwig Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Harri Lähdesmäki
- Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Dean A Lee
- Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Ricardo De Matos Simoes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ludwig Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Matti Kankainen
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Laboratory of Genetics, HUS Diagnostic Center, Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusima (HUS), 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Constantine S Mitsiades
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ludwig Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Satu Mustjoki
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
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12
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Chang LY, Sridharan D, Angata T. Quantitative Analysis of Siglec Ligands by Flow Cytometry. Curr Protoc 2023; 3:e949. [PMID: 38050649 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Siglecs (sialic acid-binding, immunoglobulin superfamily, lectins) are a family of transmembrane receptor-type glycan recognition proteins in vertebrates that are primarily expressed on leukocytes and regulate immune responses. Siglecs are involved in several diseases, such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Most Siglecs suppress the activation of leukocytes by recognizing ligands containing sialic acid, a group of acidic sugars commonly found in vertebrate glycans, but rare among microbes. Siglec ligands are critical in the interaction between leukocytes and target cells. The abundance of the Siglec ligand is influenced by both the abundance of the glycoconjugate carrier (glycoprotein or glycolipid) and that of the terminal glycan epitope directly recognized by the Siglec. Therefore, a direct approach to evaluate the expression level of a Siglec ligand on cells of interest is to analyze the binding of recombinant Siglec protein to these cells. In this article, we describe a protocol for semi-quantitatively analyzing the expression level of Siglec ligands via flow cytometry using recombinant Siglec-Fc fusion protein. Support protocols describe how to remove sialic acids from the cell surface with sialidase under mild conditions to demonstrate the sialic acid dependence of Siglec binding, and the preparation of recombinant Siglec-Fc fusion proteins by transient transfection of mammalian cells. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol: Quantitative analysis of Siglec ligands on mammalian cells via flow cytometry with recombinant Siglec-Fc fusion protein Support Protocol 1: Sialidase treatment of mammalian cells Support Protocol 2: Preparation of recombinant Siglec-Fc fusion protein via transient transfection of mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Yi Chang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Deepa Sridharan
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Takashi Angata
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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13
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Babulic JL, Kofsky JM, Boddington ME, Kim Y, Leblanc EV, Cook MG, Garnier CR, Emberley-Korkmaz S, Colpitts CC, Capicciotti CJ. One-Step Selective Labeling of Native Cell Surface Sialoglycans by Exogenous α2,8-Sialylation. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:2418-2429. [PMID: 37934063 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Exo-enzymatic glycan labeling strategies have emerged as versatile tools for efficient and selective installation of terminal glyco-motifs onto live cell surfaces. Through employing specific enzymes and nucleotide-sugar probes, cells can be equipped with defined glyco-epitopes for modulating cell function or selective visualization and enrichment of glycoconjugates. Here, we identifyCampylobacter jejunisialyltransferase Cst-II I53S as a tool for cell surface glycan modification, expanding the exo-enzymatic labeling toolkit to include installation of α2,8-disialyl epitopes. Labeling with Cst-II was achieved with biotin- and azide-tagged CMP-Neu5Ac derivatives on a model glycoprotein and native sialylated cell surface glycans across a panel of cell lines. The introduction of modified Neu5Ac derivatives onto cells by Cst-II was also retained on the surface for 6 h. By examining the specificity of Cst-II on cell surfaces, it was revealed that the α2,8-sialyltransferase primarily labeled N-glycans, with O-glycans labeled to a lesser extent, and there was an apparent preference for α2,3-linked sialosides on cells. This approach thus broadens the scope of tools for selective exo-enzymatic labeling of native sialylated glycans and is highly amenable for the construction of cell-based arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan L Babulic
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Joshua M Kofsky
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Marie E Boddington
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Youjin Kim
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Emmanuelle V Leblanc
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Madeleine G Cook
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Cole R Garnier
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Sophie Emberley-Korkmaz
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Che C Colpitts
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Chantelle J Capicciotti
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
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14
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Lee DH, Ahn H, Sim HI, Choi E, Choi S, Jo Y, Yun B, Song HK, Oh SJ, Denda-Nagai K, Park CS, Irimura T, Park Y, Jin HS. A CRISPR activation screen identifies MUC-21 as critical for resistance to NK and T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:272. [PMID: 37858248 PMCID: PMC10588101 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02840-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy has significantly advanced cancer treatments, but many patients do not respond to it, partly due to immunosuppressive mechanisms used by tumor cells. These cells employ immunosuppressive ligands to evade detection and elimination by the immune system. Therefore, the discovery and characterization of novel immunosuppressive ligands that facilitate immune evasion are crucial for developing more potent anti-cancer therapies. METHODS We conducted gain-of-function screens using a CRISPRa (CRISPR activation) library that covered the entire human transmembrane sub-genome to identify surface molecules capable of hindering NK-mediated cytotoxicity. The immunosuppressive role and mechanism of MUC21 were validated using NK and T cell mediated cytotoxicity assays. Bioinformatics tools were employed to assess the clinical implications of mucin-21 (MUC21) in cancer cell immunity. RESULTS Our genetic screens revealed that MUC21 expression on cancer cell surfaces inhibits both the cytotoxic activity of NK cells and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, but not affecting complement-dependent cytotoxicity. Additionally, MUC21 expression hinders T cell activation by impeding antigen recognition, thereby diminishing the effectiveness of the immune checkpoint inhibitor, anti-PD-L1. Moreover, MUC21 expression suppress the antitumor function of both CAR-T cells and CAR-NK cells. Mechanistically, MUC21 facilitates immune evasion by creating steric hindrance, preventing interactions between cancer and immune cells. Bioinformatics analysis revealed elevated MUC21 expression in lung cancer, which correlated with reduced infiltration and activation of cytotoxic immune cells. Intriguingly, MUC21 expression was higher in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors that were non-responsive to anti-PD-(L)1 treatment compared to responsive tumors. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that surface MUC21 serves as a potent immunosuppressive ligand, shielding cancer cells from NK and CD8+T cell attacks. This suggests that inhibiting MUC21 could be a promising strategy to improve cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hee Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Hyejin Ahn
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Hye-In Sim
- Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02481, South Korea
| | - Eunji Choi
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Seunghyun Choi
- Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02481, South Korea
| | - Yunju Jo
- Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02481, South Korea
| | - Bohwan Yun
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Hyun Kyu Song
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02481, South Korea
| | - Soo Jin Oh
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Kaori Denda-Nagai
- Division of Glycobiologics, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Chan-Sik Park
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Tatsuro Irimura
- Division of Glycobiologics, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yoon Park
- Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea.
| | - Hyung-Seung Jin
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
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15
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Wardman JF, Sim L, Liu J, Howard TA, Geissner A, Danby PM, Boraston AB, Wakarchuk WW, Withers SG. A high-throughput screening platform for enzymes active on mucin-type O-glycoproteins. Nat Chem Biol 2023; 19:1246-1255. [PMID: 37592157 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-023-01405-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Mucin-type O-glycosylation is a post-translational modification present at the interface between cells where it has important roles in cellular communication. However, deciphering the function of O-glycoproteins and O-glycans can be challenging, especially as few enzymes are available for their assembly or selective degradation. Here, to address this deficiency, we developed a genetically encoded screening methodology for the discovery and engineering of the diverse classes of enzymes that act on O-glycoproteins. The method uses Escherichia coli that have been engineered to produce an O-glycosylated fluorescence resonance energy transfer probe that can be used to screen for O-glycopeptidase activity. Subsequent cleavage of the substrate by O-glycopeptidases provides a read-out of the glycosylation state of the probe, allowing the method to also be used to assay glycosidases and glycosyltransferases. We further show the potential of this methodology in the first ultrahigh-throughput-directed evolution of an O-glycopeptidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob F Wardman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Lyann Sim
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jennifer Liu
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Teresa A Howard
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andreas Geissner
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Phillip M Danby
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alisdair B Boraston
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Warren W Wakarchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Stephen G Withers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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16
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Bui D, Favell J, Kitova EN, Li Z, McCord KA, Schmidt EN, Mozaneh F, Elaish M, El-Hawiet A, St-Pierre Y, Hobman TC, Macauley MS, Mahal LK, Flynn MR, Klassen JS. Absolute Affinities from Quantitative Shotgun Glycomics Using Concentration-Independent (COIN) Native Mass Spectrometry. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:1374-1387. [PMID: 37521792 PMCID: PMC10303200 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Native mass spectrometry (nMS) screening of natural glycan libraries against glycan-binding proteins (GBPs) is a powerful tool for ligand discovery. However, as the glycan concentrations are unknown, affinities cannot be measured directly from natural libraries. Here, we introduce Concentration-Independent (COIN)-nMS, which enables quantitative screening of natural glycan libraries by exploiting slow mixing of solutions inside a nanoflow electrospray ionization emitter. The affinities (Kd) of detected GBP-glycan interactions are determined, simultaneously, from nMS analysis of their time-dependent relative abundance changes. We establish the reliability of COIN-nMS using interactions between purified glycans and GBPs with known Kd values. We also demonstrate the implementation of COIN-nMS using the catch-and-release (CaR)-nMS assay for glycosylated GBPs. The COIN-CaR-nMS results obtained for plant, fungal, viral, and human lectins with natural libraries containing hundreds of N-glycans and glycopeptides highlight the assay's versatility for discovering new ligands, precisely measuring their affinities, and uncovering "fine" specificities. Notably, the COIN-CaR-nMS results clarify the sialoglycan binding properties of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain and establish the recognition of monosialylated hybrid and biantennary N-glycans. Moreover, pharmacological depletion of host complex N-glycans reduces both pseudotyped virions and SARS-CoV-2 cell entry, suggesting that complex N-glycans may serve as attachment factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duong
T. Bui
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2G2, Alberta, Canada
| | - James Favell
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2G2, Alberta, Canada
| | - Elena N. Kitova
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2G2, Alberta, Canada
| | - Zhixiong Li
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2G2, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kelli A. McCord
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2G2, Alberta, Canada
| | - Edward N. Schmidt
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2G2, Alberta, Canada
| | - Fahima Mozaneh
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2G2, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mohamed Elaish
- Department
of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H7, AB, Canada
- Poultry
Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Amr El-Hawiet
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria
University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt
| | - Yves St-Pierre
- Institut
National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier
Santé Biotechnologie, Laval H7 V 1B7, QC, Canada
| | - Tom C. Hobman
- Department
of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H7, AB, Canada
- Department
of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E1, AB, Canada
- Li
Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University
of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E1, Alberta, Canada
| | - Matthew S. Macauley
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2G2, Alberta, Canada
- Department
of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E1, AB, Canada
| | - Lara K. Mahal
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2G2, Alberta, Canada
| | - Morris R. Flynn
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 1H9, Alberta, Canada
| | - John S. Klassen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2G2, Alberta, Canada
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17
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Pickering C, Aiyetan P, Xu G, Mitchell A, Rice R, Najjar YG, Markowitz J, Ebert LM, Brown MP, Tapia-Rico G, Frederick D, Cong X, Serie D, Lindpaintner K, Schwarz F, Boland GM. Plasma glycoproteomic biomarkers identify metastatic melanoma patients with reduced clinical benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1187332. [PMID: 37388743 PMCID: PMC10302726 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1187332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical success of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in both resected and metastatic melanoma has confirmed the validity of therapeutic strategies that boost the immune system to counteract cancer. However, half of patients with metastatic disease treated with even the most aggressive regimen do not derive durable clinical benefit. Thus, there is a critical need for predictive biomarkers that can identify individuals who are unlikely to benefit with high accuracy so that these patients may be spared the toxicity of treatment without the likely benefit of response. Ideally, such an assay would have a fast turnaround time and minimal invasiveness. Here, we utilize a novel platform that combines mass spectrometry with an artificial intelligence-based data processing engine to interrogate the blood glycoproteome in melanoma patients before receiving ICI therapy. We identify 143 biomarkers that demonstrate a difference in expression between the patients who died within six months of starting ICI treatment and those who remained progression-free for three years. We then develop a glycoproteomic classifier that predicts benefit of immunotherapy (HR=2.7; p=0.026) and achieves a significant separation of patients in an independent cohort (HR=5.6; p=0.027). To understand how circulating glycoproteins may affect efficacy of treatment, we analyze the differences in glycosylation structure and discover a fucosylation signature in patients with shorter overall survival (OS). We then develop a fucosylation-based model that effectively stratifies patients (HR=3.5; p=0.0066). Together, our data demonstrate the utility of plasma glycoproteomics for biomarker discovery and prediction of ICI benefit in patients with metastatic melanoma and suggest that protein fucosylation may be a determinant of anti-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad Pickering
- InterVenn Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Paul Aiyetan
- InterVenn Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Gege Xu
- InterVenn Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Alan Mitchell
- InterVenn Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Rachel Rice
- InterVenn Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Yana G. Najjar
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Joseph Markowitz
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
- Immuno-Oncology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Lisa M. Ebert
- Centre for Cancer Biology, South Australia (SA) Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Michael P. Brown
- Centre for Cancer Biology, South Australia (SA) Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Gonzalo Tapia-Rico
- Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Dennie Frederick
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Xin Cong
- InterVenn Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Daniel Serie
- InterVenn Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA, United States
| | | | - Flavio Schwarz
- InterVenn Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Genevieve M. Boland
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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18
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Zhou X, Chi K, Zhang C, Liu Q, Yang G. Sialylation: A Cloak for Tumors to Trick the Immune System in the Microenvironment. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:832. [PMID: 37372117 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME), where the tumor cells incite the surrounding normal cells to create an immune suppressive environment, reduces the effectiveness of immune responses during cancer development. Sialylation, a type of glycosylation that occurs on cell surface proteins, lipids, and glycoRNAs, is known to accumulate in tumors and acts as a "cloak" to help tumor cells evade immunological surveillance. In the last few years, the role of sialylation in tumor proliferation and metastasis has become increasingly evident. With the advent of single-cell and spatial sequencing technologies, more research is being conducted to understand the effects of sialylation on immunity regulation. This review provides updated insights into recent research on the function of sialylation in tumor biology and summarizes the latest developments in sialylation-targeted tumor therapeutics, including antibody-mediated and metabolic-based sialylation inhibition, as well as interference with sialic acid-Siglec interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Kaijun Chi
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chairui Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Quan Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ganglong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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19
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Egan H, Treacy O, Lynch K, Leonard NA, O'Malley G, Reidy E, O'Neill A, Corry SM, De Veirman K, Vanderkerken K, Egan LJ, Ritter T, Hogan AM, Redmond K, Peng L, Che J, Gatlin W, Jayaraman P, Sheehan M, Canney A, Hynes SO, Kerr EM, Dunne PD, O'Dwyer ME, Ryan AE. Targeting stromal cell sialylation reverses T cell-mediated immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112475. [PMID: 37167967 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments (TMEs) reduce the effectiveness of immune responses in cancer. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), precursors to cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), promote tumor progression by enhancing immune cell suppression in colorectal cancer (CRC). Hyper-sialylation of glycans promotes immune evasion in cancer through binding of sialic acids to their receptors, Siglecs, expressed on immune cells, which results in inhibition of effector functions. The role of sialylation in shaping MSC/CAF immunosuppression in the TME is not well characterized. In this study, we show that tumor-conditioned stromal cells have increased sialyltransferase expression, α2,3/6-linked sialic acid, and Siglec ligands. Tumor-conditioned stromal cells and CAFs induce exhausted immunomodulatory CD8+ PD1+ and CD8+ Siglec-7+/Siglec-9+ T cell phenotypes. In vivo, targeting stromal cell sialylation reverses stromal cell-mediated immunosuppression, as shown by infiltration of CD25 and granzyme B-expressing CD8+ T cells in the tumor and draining lymph node. Targeting stromal cell sialylation may overcome immunosuppression in the CRC TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Egan
- Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Oliver Treacy
- Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Kevin Lynch
- Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Niamh A Leonard
- Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Grace O'Malley
- Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Eileen Reidy
- Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Aoise O'Neill
- Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Shania M Corry
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Kim De Veirman
- Laboratory for Haematology and Immunology (HEIM), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karin Vanderkerken
- Laboratory for Haematology and Immunology (HEIM), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence J Egan
- Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Thomas Ritter
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Aisling M Hogan
- Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Department of Colorectal Surgery, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - Keara Redmond
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Li Peng
- Palleon Pharmaceuticals, Waltham, MA 02451, USA
| | - Jenny Che
- Palleon Pharmaceuticals, Waltham, MA 02451, USA
| | | | | | - Margaret Sheehan
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - Aoife Canney
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - Sean O Hynes
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland; Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Emma M Kerr
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Philip D Dunne
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK; Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Michael E O'Dwyer
- Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Blood Cancer Network of Ireland (BCNI), Galway, Ireland; Department of Hematology, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - Aideen E Ryan
- Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
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20
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van Houtum EJH, Kers-Rebel ED, Looman MW, Hooijberg E, Büll C, Granado D, Cornelissen LAM, Adema GJ. Tumor cell-intrinsic and tumor microenvironmental conditions co-determine signaling by the glycoimmune checkpoint receptor Siglec-7. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:169. [PMID: 37253806 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04816-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Tumors create an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by altering protein expression, but also by changing their glycosylation status, like altered expression of sialoglycans. Sialoglycans are capped with sialic acid sugar residues and are recognized by Siglec immune receptors. Siglec-7 is an inhibitory immune receptor similar to PD-1, and is emerging as glycoimmune checkpoint exploited by cancer cells to evade the immune system. However, the exact cellular and molecular conditions required for Siglec-7-mediated immune cell inhibition remain largely unknown. Here, we report on the development of a chimeric Siglec-7 cell system that enables dissection of Siglec-7 signaling, rather than Siglec-7 binding. Antibody-induced clustering, sialic acid-containing polymers, and highly sialylated erythrocytes effectively induced Siglec-7 signaling, thereby validating functionality of this reporter system. Moreover, the system reveals tumor cell-dependent Siglec-7 signaling. Tumor-associated conditions important for Siglec-7 signaling were defined, such as Siglec-7 ligand expression levels, presence of the known Siglec-7 ligand CD43, and sialic acid availability for sialylation of glycans. Importantly, therapeutic targeting of the Siglec-7/sialic acid axis using a sialyltransferase inhibitor resulted in strong reduction of Siglec-7 signaling. In conclusion, using a newly established cellular tool, we defined a set of tumor-associated conditions that influence Siglec-7 signaling. Moreover, the system allows to assess the efficacy of novel cancer drugs interfering with the Siglec-7/sialic acid axis as immunotherapy to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline J H van Houtum
- Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Post 874, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Esther D Kers-Rebel
- Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Post 874, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike W Looman
- Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Post 874, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Hooijberg
- Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Büll
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Granado
- Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Post 874, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lenneke A M Cornelissen
- Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Post 874, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gosse J Adema
- Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Post 874, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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21
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Almahayni K, Nestola G, Spiekermann M, Möckl L. Simple, Economic, and Robust Rail-Based Setup for Super-Resolution Localization Microscopy. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:4553-4560. [PMID: 37163339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c01351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Research during the past 2 decades has showcased the power of single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) as a tool for exploring the nanoworld. However, SMLM systems are typically available in specialized laboratories and imaging facilities, owing to their expensiveness as well as complex assembly and alignment procedure. Here, we lay out the blueprint of a sturdy, rail-based, cost-efficient, multicolor SMLM setup that is easy to construct and align in service of simplifying the accessibility of SMLM. We characterize the optical properties of the design and assess its capabilities, robustness, and stability. The performance of the system is assayed using super-resolution imaging of biological samples. We believe that this design will make SMLM more affordable and broaden its availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Almahayni
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstr. 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gianluca Nestola
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstr. 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Malte Spiekermann
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstr. 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Leonhard Möckl
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstr. 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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22
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Čaval T, Alisson-Silva F, Schwarz F. Roles of glycosylation at the cancer cell surface: opportunities for large scale glycoproteomics. Theranostics 2023; 13:2605-2615. [PMID: 37215580 PMCID: PMC10196828 DOI: 10.7150/thno.81760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell surface glycosylation has a variety of functions, and its dysregulation in cancer contributes to impaired signaling, metastasis and the evasion of the immune responses. Recently, a number of glycosyltransferases that lead to altered glycosylation have been linked to reduced anti-tumor immune responses: B3GNT3, which is implicated in PD-L1 glycosylation in triple negative breast cancer, FUT8, through fucosylation of B7H3, and B3GNT2, which confers cancer resistance to T cell cytotoxicity. Given the increased appreciation of the relevance of protein glycosylation, there is a critical need for the development of methods that allow for an unbiased interrogation of cell surface glycosylation status. Here we provide an overview of the broad changes in glycosylation at the surface of cancer cell and describe selected examples of receptors with aberrant glycosylation leading to functional changes, with emphasis on immune checkpoint inhibitors, growth-promoting and growth-arresting receptors. Finally, we posit that the field of glycoproteomics has matured to an extent where large-scale profiling of intact glycopeptides from the cell surface is feasible and is poised for discovery of new actionable targets against cancer.
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23
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Thames AH, Moons SJ, Wong DA, Boltje TJ, Bochner BS, Jewett MC. GlycoCAP: A Cell-Free, Bacterial Glycosylation Platform for Building Clickable Azido-Sialoglycoproteins. ACS Synth Biol 2023; 12:1264-1274. [PMID: 37040463 PMCID: PMC10758250 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.3c00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Glycan-binding receptors known as lectins represent a class of potential therapeutic targets. Yet, the therapeutic potential of targeting lectins remains largely untapped due in part to limitations in tools for building glycan-based drugs. One group of desirable structures is proteins with noncanonical glycans. Cell-free protein synthesis systems have matured as a promising approach for making glycoproteins that may overcome current limitations and enable new glycoprotein medicines. Yet, this approach has not been applied to the construction of proteins with noncanonical glycans. To address this limitation, we develop a cell-free glycoprotein synthesis platform for building noncanonical glycans and, specifically, clickable azido-sialoglycoproteins (called GlycoCAP). The GlycoCAP platform uses an Escherichia coli-based cell-free protein synthesis system for the site-specific installation of noncanonical glycans onto proteins with a high degree of homogeneity and efficiency. As a model, we construct four noncanonical glycans onto a dust mite allergen (Der p 2): α2,3 C5-azido-sialyllactose, α2,3 C9-azido-sialyllactose, α2,6 C5-azido-sialyllactose, and α2,6 C9-azido-sialyllactose. Through a series of optimizations, we achieve more than 60% sialylation efficiency with a noncanonical azido-sialic acid. We then show that the azide click handle can be conjugated with a model fluorophore using both strain-promoted and copper-catalyzed click chemistry. We anticipate that GlycoCAP will facilitate the development and discovery of glycan-based drugs by granting access to a wider variety of possible noncanonical glycan structures and also provide an approach for functionalizing glycoproteins by click chemistry conjugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Helms Thames
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Tech B486, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Interdisciplinary Biological Sciences Program, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Sam J Moons
- Synvenio B.V., Mercator 3, Nijmegen 6525ED, The Netherlands
| | - Derek A Wong
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Tech B486, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Thomas J Boltje
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen 6525AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Bruce S Bochner
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Michael C Jewett
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Tech B486, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Interdisciplinary Biological Sciences Program, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
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24
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Stanczak MA, Läubli H. Siglec receptors as new immune checkpoints in cancer. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 90:101112. [PMID: 35948467 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy in the form of immune checkpoint inhibitors and cellular therapies has improved the treatment and prognosis of many patients. Nevertheless, most cancers are still resistant to currently approved cancer immunotherapies. New approaches and rational combinations are needed to overcome these resistances. There is emerging evidence that Siglec receptors could be regarded as new immune checkpoints and targets for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize the experimental evidence supporting Siglec receptors as new immune checkpoints in cancer and discuss their mechanisms of action, as well as current efforts to target Siglec receptors and their interactions with sialoglycan Siglec-ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal A Stanczak
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Heinz Läubli
- Laboratory for Cancer Immunotherapy, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Division of Oncology, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland.
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25
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Siew JJ, Chern Y, Khoo KH, Angata T. Roles of Siglecs in neurodegenerative diseases. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 90:101141. [PMID: 36089405 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Microglia are resident myeloid cells in the central nervous system (CNS) with a unique developmental origin, playing essential roles in developing and maintaining the CNS environment. Recent studies have revealed the involvement of microglia in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, through the modulation of neuroinflammation. Several members of the Siglec family of sialic acid recognition proteins are expressed on microglia. Since the discovery of the genetic association between a polymorphism in the CD33 gene and late-onset Alzheimer's disease, significant efforts have been made to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the association between the polymorphism and Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, recent studies have revealed additional potential associations between Siglecs and Alzheimer's disease, implying that the reduced signal from inhibitory Siglec may have an overall protective effect in lowering the disease risk. Evidences suggesting the involvement of Siglecs in other neurodegenerative diseases are also emerging. These findings could help us predict the roles of Siglecs in other neurodegenerative diseases. However, little is known about the functionally relevant Siglec ligands in the brain, which represents a new frontier. Understanding how microglial Siglecs and their ligands in CNS contribute to the regulation of CNS homeostasis and pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases may provide us with a new avenue for disease prevention and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Jing Siew
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yijuang Chern
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kay-Hooi Khoo
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Takashi Angata
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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26
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Li YY, Wang XY, Li Y, Wang XM, Liao J, Wang YZ, Hong H, Yi W, Chen J. Targeting CD43 optimizes cancer immunotherapy through reinvigorating antitumor immune response in colorectal cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023; 46:777-791. [PMID: 36920728 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00794-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, with dramatically increasing incidence and mortality for decades. However, current therapeutic strategies for CRC, including chemotherapies and immunotherapies, have only demonstrated limited efficacy. Here, we report a novel immune molecule, CD43, that can regulate the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and serves as a promising target for CRC immunotherapy. METHODS The correlation of CD43 expression with CRC patient prognosis was revealed by public data analysis. CD43 knockout (KO) CRC cell lines were generated by CRISPR-Cas9 technology, and a syngenetic murine CRC model was established to investigate the in vivo function of CD43. The TIME was analyzed via immunohistochemical staining, flow cytometry and RNA-seq. Immune functions were investigated by depletion of immune subsets in vivo and T-cell functional assays in vitro, including T-cell priming, cytotoxicity, and chemotaxis experiments. RESULTS In this study, we found that high expression of CD43 was correlated with poor survival of CRC patients and the limited infiltration of CD8+ T cells in human CRC tissues. Importantly, CD43 expressed on tumor cells, rather than host cells, promoted tumor progression in a syngeneic tumor model. Loss of CD43 facilitated the infiltration of immune cells and immunological memory in the TIME of CRC tumors. Mechanistically, the protumor effect of CD43 depends on T cells, thereby attenuating T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity and cDC1-mediated antigen-specific T-cell activation. Moreover, targeting CD43 synergistically improved PD-L1 blockade immunotherapy for CRC. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that targeting tumor-intrinsic CD43 could activate the antitumor immune response and provide particular value for optimized cancer immunotherapy by regulating the TIME in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat- sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat- sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat- sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiu-Mei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat- sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Liao
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Cell Fate Regulation and Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Zhao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai Hong
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat- sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Laboratory Animal Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Center for Precision Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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27
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Smith BAH, Deutzmann A, Correa KM, Delaveris CS, Dhanasekaran R, Dove CG, Sullivan DK, Wisnovsky S, Stark JC, Pluvinage JV, Swaminathan S, Riley NM, Rajan A, Majeti R, Felsher DW, Bertozzi CR. MYC-driven synthesis of Siglec ligands is a glycoimmune checkpoint. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2215376120. [PMID: 36897988 PMCID: PMC10089186 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2215376120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The Siglecs (sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins) are glycoimmune checkpoint receptors that suppress immune cell activation upon engagement of cognate sialoglycan ligands. The cellular drivers underlying Siglec ligand production on cancer cells are poorly understood. We find the MYC oncogene causally regulates Siglec ligand production to enable tumor immune evasion. A combination of glycomics and RNA-sequencing of mouse tumors revealed the MYC oncogene controls expression of the sialyltransferase St6galnac4 and induces a glycan known as disialyl-T. Using in vivo models and primary human leukemias, we find that disialyl-T functions as a "don't eat me" signal by engaging macrophage Siglec-E in mice or the human ortholog Siglec-7, thereby preventing cancer cell clearance. Combined high expression of MYC and ST6GALNAC4 identifies patients with high-risk cancers and reduced tumor myeloid infiltration. MYC therefore regulates glycosylation to enable tumor immune evasion. We conclude that disialyl-T is a glycoimmune checkpoint ligand. Thus, disialyl-T is a candidate for antibody-based checkpoint blockade, and the disialyl-T synthase ST6GALNAC4 is a potential enzyme target for small molecule-mediated immune therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A. H. Smith
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Anja Deutzmann
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | | | - Corleone S. Delaveris
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Renumathy Dhanasekaran
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Christopher G. Dove
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Delaney K. Sullivan
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Simon Wisnovsky
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Jessica C. Stark
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| | - John V. Pluvinage
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA94143
| | - Srividya Swaminathan
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA91016
- Department of Pediatrics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA91010
| | | | - Anand Rajan
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA52242
| | - Ravindra Majeti
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Dean W. Felsher
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Carolyn R. Bertozzi
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
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28
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Huang S, Baskin JM. Adding a Chemical Biology Twist to CRISPR Screening. Isr J Chem 2023; 63:e202200056. [PMID: 37588264 PMCID: PMC10427134 DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202200056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In less than a decade, CRISPR screening has revolutionized forward genetics and cell and molecular biology. Advances in screening technologies, including sgRNA libraries, Cas9-expressing cell lines, and streamlined sequencing pipelines, have democratized pooled CRISPR screens at genome-wide scale. Initially, many such screens were survival-based, identifying essential genes in physiological or perturbed processes. With the application of new chemical biology tools to CRISPR screening, the phenotypic space is no longer limited to live/dead selection or screening for levels of conventional fluorescent protein reporters. Further, the resolution has been increased from cell populations to single cells or even the subcellular level. We highlight advances in pooled CRISPR screening, powered by chemical biology, that have expanded phenotypic space, resolution, scope, and scalability as well as strengthened the CRISPR/Cas enzyme toolkit to enable biological hypothesis generation and discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiying Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Jeremy M Baskin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
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29
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Reeves AE, Huang ML. Proximity labeling technologies to illuminate glycan-protein interactions. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2023; 72:102233. [PMID: 36493526 PMCID: PMC9870929 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.102233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation is a ubiquitous post-translational modification read by glycan-binding proteins (GBP) to encode important functions, but a robust understanding of these interactions and their consequences can be challenging to uncover. Glycan-GBP interactions are transient and weak, making them difficult to capture, and glycosylation is dynamic and heterogenous, necessitating study in native cellular environments to identify endogenous ligands. Proximity labeling, an experimental innovation that labels biomolecules close to a protein of interest, has recently emerged as a powerful strategy to overcome these limitations, allowing interactors to be tagged in cells for subsequent enrichment and identification by mass spectrometry-based proteomics. We will describe this nascent technique and discuss its applications in the last five years with different GBP classes, including Siglecs, galectins, and non-human lectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail E Reeves
- Skaggs Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Scripps Research, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Mia L Huang
- Skaggs Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Scripps Research, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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30
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Vilen Z, Reeves AE, Huang ML. (Glycan Binding) Activity‐Based Protein Profiling in Cells Enabled by Mass Spectrometry‐Based Proteomics. Isr J Chem 2023; 63. [PMID: 37131487 PMCID: PMC10150848 DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202200097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The presence of glycan modifications at the cell surface and other locales positions them as key regulators of cell recognition and function. However, due to the complexity of glycosylation, the annotation of which proteins bear glycan modifications, which glycan patterns are present, and which proteins are capable of binding glycans is incomplete. Inspired by activity-based protein profiling to enrich for proteins in cells based on select characteristics, these endeavors have been greatly advanced by the development of appropriate glycan-binding and glycan-based probes. Here, we provide context for these three problems and describe how the capability of molecules to interact with glycans has enabled the assignment of proteins with specific glycan modifications or of proteins that bind glycans. Furthermore, we discuss how the integration of these probes with high resolution mass spectrometry-based technologies has greatly advanced glycoscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zak Vilen
- Skaggs Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences Scripps Research 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd. La Jolla CA 92037 USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine Scripps Research 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd. La Jolla CA 92037, USA
| | - Abigail E. Reeves
- Skaggs Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences Scripps Research 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd. La Jolla CA 92037 USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine Scripps Research 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd. La Jolla CA 92037, USA
| | - Mia L. Huang
- Skaggs Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences Scripps Research 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd. La Jolla CA 92037 USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine Scripps Research 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd. La Jolla CA 92037, USA
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31
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Krishnamoorthy V, Daly J, Wisnovsky S. Identifying Genetic Regulators of Protein-Glycan Interactions with Genome-Wide CRISPR Screening. Curr Protoc 2023; 3:e646. [PMID: 36695498 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Glycans are carbohydrate molecules appended to proteins and lipids on the surface of all living cells. Glycans play key roles in a wide array of biological processes, and structural changes in cell-surface glycosylation patterns have been connected to pathogenesis of several diseases. In particular, cancer cells frequently upregulate expression of glycans that bind to inhibitory receptors (lectins) on immune cells. These glycosylated antigens systematically inhibit immune activity and protect cancer cells from immune surveillance. Understanding how cancer cells generate these glycan ligands can thus lead to identification of novel druggable targets for therapeutic intervention. However, glycan ligand biosynthesis is subject to extremely complex genetic regulation, making it difficult to identify the key genes involved in production of immune-regulatory glycan antigens. In a recent publication, we described a CRISPR/Cas9 screening approach to identify genes that drive synthesis of ligands for glycan-binding immune receptors. Here, we outline a detailed, step-by-step protocol for completing this type of genome-wide screen. Our protocol produces a genome-wide atlas of all genes whose expression is required for cell-surface binding of a recombinant immune lectin. This dataset can be used both to identify novel ligands for immune lectins and annotate regulatory genes that drive changes in cancer-associated glycosylation. Our protocol serves as a general resource for researchers interested in the detailed study of cancer glyco-immunology. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Generation of a genome-wide CRISPR library using lentiviral transduction Support Protocol: Generation of dCas9KRAB-expressing K-562 cells Basic Protocol 2: Staining of genome-wide CRISPR libraries with Siglec-Fc reagents and fluorescence-activated cell sorting Basic Protocol 3: Library amplification and sequencing Basic Protocol 4: Data analysis and hit identification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Daly
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Simon Wisnovsky
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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32
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Abstract
Siglecs are a family of immunomodulatory cell surface receptors present on white blood cells. Binding to cell surface sialic acid-containing glycans modulates the proximity of Siglecs to other receptors that they regulate. This proximity is key to enabling signaling motifs on the cytosolic domain of Siglecs to modulate immune responses. Given the important roles that Siglecs play in helping to maintain immune homeostasis, a better understanding of their glycan ligands is needed to elucidate their roles in health and disease. A common approach for probing Siglec ligands on cells is to use soluble versions of the recombinant Siglecs in conjunction with flow cytometry. Flow cytometry has many advantages in enabling the relative levels of Siglec ligands between cell types to be rapidly quantified. Here, a step-by-step protocol is described on how to detect Siglec ligands most sensitively and accurately on cells by flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward N Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jaesoo Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Matthew S Macauley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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33
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Shi H, Doench JG, Chi H. CRISPR screens for functional interrogation of immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 2022:10.1038/s41577-022-00802-4. [DOI: 10.1038/s41577-022-00802-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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34
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Riley NM, Wen RM, Bertozzi CR, Brooks JD, Pitteri SJ. Measuring the multifaceted roles of mucin-domain glycoproteins in cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2022; 157:83-121. [PMID: 36725114 PMCID: PMC10582998 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Mucin-domain glycoproteins are highly O-glycosylated cell surface and secreted proteins that serve as both biochemical and biophysical modulators. Aberrant expression and glycosylation of mucins are known hallmarks in numerous malignancies, yet mucin-domain glycoproteins remain enigmatic in the broad landscape of cancer glycobiology. Here we review the multifaceted roles of mucins in cancer through the lens of the analytical and biochemical methods used to study them. We also describe a collection of emerging tools that are specifically equipped to characterize mucin-domain glycoproteins in complex biological backgrounds. These approaches are poised to further elucidate how mucin biology can be understood and subsequently targeted for the next generation of cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M Riley
- Department of Chemistry and Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.
| | - Ru M Wen
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Carolyn R Bertozzi
- Department of Chemistry and Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - James D Brooks
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States; Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Sharon J Pitteri
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States.
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35
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Siepe DH, Henneberg LT, Wilson SC, Hess GT, Bassik MC, Zinn K, Garcia KC. Identification of orphan ligand-receptor relationships using a cell-based CRISPRa enrichment screening platform. eLife 2022; 11:e81398. [PMID: 36178190 PMCID: PMC9578707 DOI: 10.7554/elife.81398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted proteins, which include cytokines, hormones, and growth factors, are extracellular ligands that control key signaling pathways mediating cell-cell communication within and between tissues and organs. Many drugs target secreted ligands and their cell surface receptors. Still, there are hundreds of secreted human proteins that either have no identified receptors ('orphans') or are likely to act through cell surface receptors that have not yet been characterized. Discovery of secreted ligand-receptor interactions by high-throughput screening has been problematic, because the most commonly used high-throughput methods for protein-protein interaction (PPI) screening are not optimized for extracellular interactions. Cell-based screening is a promising technology for the deorphanization of ligand-receptor interactions, because multimerized ligands can enrich for cells expressing low affinity cell surface receptors, and such methods do not require purification of receptor extracellular domains. Here, we present a proteo-genomic cell-based CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) enrichment screening platform employing customized pooled cell surface receptor sgRNA libraries in combination with a magnetic bead selection-based enrichment workflow for rapid, parallel ligand-receptor deorphanization. We curated 80 potentially high-value orphan secreted proteins and ultimately screened 20 secreted ligands against two cell sgRNA libraries with targeted expression of all single-pass (TM1) or multi-pass transmembrane (TM2+) receptors by CRISPRa. We identified previously unknown interactions in 12 of these screens, and validated several of them using surface plasmon resonance and/or cell binding assays. The newly deorphanized ligands include three receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase (RPTP) ligands and a chemokine-like protein that binds to killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs). These new interactions provide a resource for future investigations of interactions between the human-secreted and membrane proteomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk H Siepe
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Lukas T Henneberg
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Steven C Wilson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Gaelen T Hess
- Stanford ChEM-H, Department of Genetics, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Michael C Bassik
- Stanford ChEM-H, Department of Genetics, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Kai Zinn
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaUnited States
| | - K Christopher Garcia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
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36
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Valeri A, García-Ortiz A, Castellano E, Córdoba L, Maroto-Martín E, Encinas J, Leivas A, Río P, Martínez-López J. Overcoming tumor resistance mechanisms in CAR-NK cell therapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:953849. [PMID: 35990652 PMCID: PMC9381932 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.953849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the impressive results of autologous CAR-T cell therapy in refractory B lymphoproliferative diseases, CAR-NK immunotherapy emerges as a safer, faster, and cost-effective approach with no signs of severe toxicities as described for CAR-T cells. Permanently scrutinized for its efficacy, recent promising data in CAR-NK clinical trials point out the achievement of deep, high-quality responses, thus confirming its potential clinical use. Although CAR-NK cell therapy is not significantly affected by the loss or downregulation of its CAR tumor target, as in the case of CAR-T cell, a plethora of common additional tumor intrinsic or extrinsic mechanisms that could also disable NK cell function have been described. Therefore, considering lessons learned from CAR-T cell therapy, the emergence of CAR-NK cell therapy resistance can also be envisioned. In this review we highlight the processes that could be involved in its development, focusing on cytokine addiction and potential fratricide during manufacturing, poor tumor trafficking, exhaustion within the tumor microenvironment (TME), and NK cell short in vivo persistence on account of the limited expansion, replicative senescence, and rejection by patient’s immune system after lymphodepletion recovery. Finally, we outline new actively explored alternatives to overcome these resistance mechanisms, with a special emphasis on CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genetic engineering approaches, a promising platform to optimize CAR-NK cell function to eradicate refractory cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Valeri
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre-Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (H12O-CNIO) Haematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre-Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena García-Ortiz
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre-Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (H12O-CNIO) Haematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre-Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Castellano
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre-Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (H12O-CNIO) Haematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre-Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Córdoba
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre-Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (H12O-CNIO) Haematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre-Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Maroto-Martín
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre-Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (H12O-CNIO) Haematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre-Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jessica Encinas
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre-Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (H12O-CNIO) Haematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre-Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandra Leivas
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre-Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (H12O-CNIO) Haematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre-Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Río
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Biomedical Innovation Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Martínez-López
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre-Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (H12O-CNIO) Haematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre-Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Joaquín Martínez-López,
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37
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Shi H, Gao L, Zhang W, Jiang M. Identification and validation of a siglec-based and aging-related 9-gene signature for predicting prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia patients. BMC Bioinformatics 2022; 23:284. [PMID: 35854240 PMCID: PMC9295398 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-022-04841-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a group of highly heterogenous and aggressive blood cancer. Despite recent progress in its diagnosis and treatment, patient outcome is variable and drug resistance results in increased mortality. The siglec family plays an important role in tumorigenesis and aging. Increasing age is a risk factor for AML and cellular aging contributes to leukemogenesis via various pathways. Methods The differential expression of the siglec family was compared between 151 AML patients and 70 healthy controls, with their information downloaded from TCGA and GTEx databases, respectively. How siglec expression correlated to AML patient clinical features, immune cell infiltration, drug resistance and survival outcome was analyzed. Differentially expressed genes in AML patients with low- and high-expressed siglec9 and siglec14 were analyzed and functionally enriched. The aging-related gene set was merged with the differentially expressed genes in AML patients with low and high expression of siglec9, and merged genes were subjected to lasso regression analysis to construct a novel siglec-based and aging-related prognostic model. The prediction model was validated using a validation cohort from GEO database (GSE106291). Results The expression levels of all siglec members were significantly altered in AML. The expression of siglecs was significantly correlated with AML patient clinical features, immune cell infiltration, drug resistance, and survival outcome. Based on the differentially expressed genes and aging-related gene set, we developed a 9-gene prognostic model and decision curve analysis revealed the net benefit generated by our prediction model. The siglec-based and aging-related 9-gene prognostic model was tested using a validation data set, in which AML patients with higher risk scores had significantly reduced survival probability. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve and nomogram were plotted and showed the diagnostic accuracy and predictive value of our 9-gene prognostic model, respectively. Conclusions Overall, our study indicates the important role of siglec family in AML and the good performance of our novel siglec-based and aging-related 9-gene signature in predicting AML patient outcome. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12859-022-04841-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Shi
- Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Gao
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Weili Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangcheng People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215131, People's Republic of China.
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People's Republic of China.
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Ince D, Lucas TM, Malaker SA. Current strategies for characterization of mucin-domain glycoproteins. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2022; 69:102174. [PMID: 35752002 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.102174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation, and especially O-linked glycosylation, remains a critical blind spot in the understanding of post-translational modifications. Due to their nature as proteins defined by a large density and abundance of O-glycosylation, mucins present extra challenges in the analysis of their structure and function. However, recent breakthroughs in multiple areas of research have rendered mucin-domain glycoproteins more accessible to current characterization techniques. In particular, the adaptation of mucinases to glycoproteomic workflows, the manipulation of cellular glycosylation pathways, and the advances in synthetic methods to more closely mimic mucin domains have introduced new and exciting avenues to study mucin glycoproteins. Here, we summarize recent developments in understanding the structure and biological function of mucin domains and their associated glycans, from glycoproteomic tools and visualization methods to synthetic glycopeptide mimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Ince
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 275 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Taryn M Lucas
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 275 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Stacy A Malaker
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 275 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511, United States.
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Abstract
Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains found in various extracellular and transmembrane proteins. Mucin-domain glycoproteins play important roles in many human diseases, such as cancer and cystic fibrosis, but the scope of the mucinome remains poorly defined. Recently, we characterized a bacterial O-glycoprotease, StcE, and demonstrated that an inactive point mutant retains binding selectivity for mucin-domain glycoproteins. In this work, we leverage inactive StcE to selectively enrich and identify mucin-domain glycoproteins from complex samples like cell lysate and crude ovarian cancer patient ascites fluid. Our enrichment strategy is further aided by an algorithm to assign confidence to mucin-domain glycoprotein identifications. This mucinomics platform facilitates detection of hundreds of glycopeptides from mucin domains and highly overlapping populations of mucin-domain glycoproteins from ovarian cancer patients. Ultimately, we demonstrate our mucinomics approach can reveal key molecular signatures of cancer from in vitro and ex vivo sources. Mucin-domain glycoproteins are densely O-glycosylated proteins with unique secondary structure that imparts a large influence on cellular environments. Here, the authors develop a technique to selectively enrich and characterize mucin-domain glycoproteins from cell lysate and patient biofluids.
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40
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Stewart N, Wisnovsky S. Bridging Glycomics and Genomics: New Uses of Functional Genetics in the Study of Cellular Glycosylation. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:934584. [PMID: 35782863 PMCID: PMC9243437 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.934584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
All living cells are coated with a diverse collection of carbohydrate molecules called glycans. Glycans are key regulators of cell behavior and important therapeutic targets for human disease. Unlike proteins, glycans are not directly templated by discrete genes. Instead, they are produced through multi-gene pathways that generate a heterogenous array of glycoprotein and glycolipid antigens on the cell surface. This genetic complexity has sometimes made it challenging to understand how glycosylation is regulated and how it becomes altered in disease. Recent years, however, have seen the emergence of powerful new functional genomics technologies that allow high-throughput characterization of genetically complex cellular phenotypes. In this review, we discuss how these techniques are now being applied to achieve a deeper understanding of glyco-genomic regulation. We highlight specifically how methods like ChIP-seq, RNA-seq, CRISPR genomic screening and scRNA-seq are being used to map the genomic basis for various cell-surface glycosylation states in normal and diseased cell types. We also offer a perspective on how emerging functional genomics technologies are likely to create further opportunities for studying cellular glycobiology in the future. Taken together, we hope this review serves as a primer to recent developments at the glycomics-genomics interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Stewart
- Biochemistry and Microbiology Dept, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Simon Wisnovsky
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Simon Wisnovsky,
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Metcalf KJ, Hayward MK, Berens E, Ironside AJ, Stashko C, Hwang ES, Weaver VM. Immunosuppressive glycoproteins associate with breast tumor fibrosis and aggression. Matrix Biol Plus 2022; 14:100105. [PMID: 35392183 PMCID: PMC8981759 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2022.100105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors feature elevated sialoglycoprotein content. Sialoglycoproteins promote tumor progression and are linked to immune suppression via the sialic acid-Siglec axis. Understanding factors that increase sialoglycoprotein biosynthesis in tumors could identify approaches to improve patient response to immunotherapy. We quantified higher levels of sialoglycoproteins in the fibrotic regions within human breast tumor tissues. Human breast tumor subtypes, which are more fibrotic, similarly featured increased sialoglycoprotein content. Further analysis revealed the breast cancer cells as the primary cell type synthesizing and secreting the tumor tissue sialoglycoproteins and confirmed that the more aggressive, fibrotic breast cancer subtypes expressed the highest levels of sialoglycoprotein biosynthetic genes. The more aggressive breast cancer subtypes also featured greater infiltration of immunosuppressive SIGLEC7, SIGLEC9, and SIGLEC10-pos myeloid cells, indicating that triple-negative breast tumors had higher expression of both immunosuppressive Siglec receptors and their cognate ligands. The findings link sialoglycoprotein biosynthesis and secretion to tumor fibrosis and aggression in human breast tumors. The data suggest targeting of the sialic acid-Siglec axis may comprise an attractive therapeutic target particularly for the more aggressive HER2+ and triple-negative breast cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin James Metcalf
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Mary-Kate Hayward
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Eric Berens
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Alastair J. Ironside
- Department of Pathology, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Connor Stashko
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - E. Shelley Hwang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Valerie M. Weaver
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Center for Bioengineering and Tissue Regeneration, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Chang LY, Liang SY, Lu SC, Tseng HC, Tsai HY, Tang CJ, Sugata M, Chen YJ, Chen YJ, Wu SJ, Lin KI, Khoo KH, Angata T. Molecular Basis and Role of Siglec-7 Ligand Expression on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia B Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:840388. [PMID: 35711441 PMCID: PMC9195294 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.840388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Siglec-7 (sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 7) is an immune checkpoint-like glycan recognition protein on natural killer (NK) cells. Cancer cells often upregulate Siglec ligands to subvert immunosurveillance, but the molecular basis of Siglec ligands has been elusive. In this study, we investigated Siglec-7 ligands on chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B cells. CLL B cells express higher levels of Siglec-7 ligands compared with healthy donor B cells, and enzymatic removal of sialic acids or sialomucins makes them more sensitive to NK cell cytotoxicity. Gene knockout experiments have revealed that the sialyltransferase ST6GalNAc-IV is responsible for the biosynthesis of disialyl-T (Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-3[Neu5Acα2-6]GalNAcα1-), which is the glycotope recognized by Siglec-7, and that CD162 and CD45 are the major carriers of this glycotope on CLL B cells. Analysis of public transcriptomic datasets indicated that the low expression of GCNT1 (encoding core 2 GlcNAc transferase, an enzyme that competes against ST6GalNAc-IV) and high expression of ST6GALNAC4 (encoding ST6GalNAc-IV) in CLL B cells, together enhancing the expression of the disialyl-T glycotope, are associated with poor patient prognosis. Taken together, our results determined the molecular basis of Siglec-7 ligand overexpression that protects CLL B cells from NK cell cytotoxicity and identified disialyl-T as a potential prognostic marker of CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Yi Chang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Suh-Yuen Liang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Chia Lu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huan Chuan Tseng
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Yang Tsai
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Ju Tang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Marcelia Sugata
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ju Wu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-I Lin
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kay-Hooi Khoo
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Takashi Angata
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Li Y, Cheng Y, Consolato F, Schiano G, Chong MR, Pietzner M, Nguyen NQH, Scherer N, Biggs ML, Kleber ME, Haug S, Göçmen B, Pigeyre M, Sekula P, Steinbrenner I, Schlosser P, Joseph CB, Brody JA, Grams ME, Hayward C, Schultheiss UT, Krämer BK, Kronenberg F, Peters A, Seissler J, Steubl D, Then C, Wuttke M, März W, Eckardt KU, Gieger C, Boerwinkle E, Psaty BM, Coresh J, Oefner PJ, Pare G, Langenberg C, Scherberich JE, Yu B, Akilesh S, Devuyst O, Rampoldi L, Köttgen A. Genome-wide studies reveal factors associated with circulating uromodulin and its relationships to complex diseases. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e157035. [PMID: 35446786 PMCID: PMC9220927 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.157035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Uromodulin (UMOD) is a major risk gene for monogenic and complex forms of kidney disease. The encoded kidney-specific protein uromodulin is highly abundant in urine and related to chronic kidney disease, hypertension, and pathogen defense. To gain insights into potential systemic roles, we performed genome-wide screens of circulating uromodulin using complementary antibody-based and aptamer-based assays. We detected 3 and 10 distinct significant loci, respectively. Integration of antibody-based results at the UMOD locus with functional genomics data (RNA-Seq, ATAC-Seq, Hi-C) of primary human kidney tissue highlighted an upstream variant with differential accessibility and transcription in uromodulin-synthesizing kidney cells as underlying the observed cis effect. Shared association patterns with complex traits, including chronic kidney disease and blood pressure, placed the PRKAG2 locus in the same pathway as UMOD. Experimental validation of the third antibody-based locus, B4GALNT2, showed that the p.Cys466Arg variant of the encoded N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase had a loss-of-function effect leading to higher serum uromodulin levels. Aptamer-based results pointed to enzymes writing glycan marks present on uromodulin and to their receptors in the circulation, suggesting that this assay permits investigating uromodulin's complex glycosylation rather than its quantitative levels. Overall, our study provides insights into circulating uromodulin and its emerging functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, and
| | - Yurong Cheng
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, and
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Francesco Consolato
- Molecular Genetics of Renal Disorders group, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Michael R. Chong
- Population Health Research Institute and Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maik Pietzner
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ngoc Quynh H. Nguyen
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nora Scherer
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, and
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mary L. Biggs
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Marcus E. Kleber
- SYNLAB MVZ Humangenetik Mannheim GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Haug
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, and
| | - Burulça Göçmen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, and
| | - Marie Pigeyre
- Population Health Research Institute and Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peggy Sekula
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, and
| | - Inga Steinbrenner
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, and
| | - Pascal Schlosser
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, and
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Christina B. Joseph
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Morgan E. Grams
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ulla T. Schultheiss
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, and
- Department of Medicine IV: Nephrology and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard K. Krämer
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Epidemiology, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Jochen Seissler
- Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, Hospital of the University of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Steubl
- Division of Nephrology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Nephrology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Cornelia Then
- Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, Hospital of the University of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Wuttke
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, and
- Department of Medicine IV: Nephrology and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Winfried März
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- SYNLAB Academy, SYNLAB Holding Deutschland GmbH, Augsburg and Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Epidemiology and
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Peter J. Oefner
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Guillaume Pare
- Population Health Research Institute and Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Bing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shreeram Akilesh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Rampoldi
- Molecular Genetics of Renal Disorders group, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, and
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Transgenic mouse models to study the physiological and pathophysiological roles of human Siglecs. Biochem Soc Trans 2022; 50:935-950. [PMID: 35383825 DOI: 10.1042/bst20211203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) are important immunomodulatory receptors. Due to differences between human and mouse Siglecs, defining the in vivo roles for human Siglecs (hSiglecs) can be challenging. One solution is the development and use of hSiglec transgenic mice to assess the physiological roles of hSiglecs in health and disease. These transgenic mice can also serve as important models for the pre-clinical testing of immunomodulatory approaches that are based on targeting hSiglecs. Four general methods have been used to create hSiglec-expressing transgenic mice, each with associated advantages and disadvantages. To date, transgenic mouse models expressing hSiglec-2 (CD22), -3 (CD33), -7, -8, -9, -11, and -16 have been created. This review focuses on both the generation of these hSiglec transgenic mice, along with the important findings that have been made through their study. Cumulatively, hSiglec transgenic mouse models are providing a deeper understanding of the differences between human and mice orthologs/paralogs, mechanisms by which Siglecs regulate immune cell signaling, physiological roles of Siglecs in disease, and different paradigms where targeting Siglecs may be therapeutically advantageous.
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45
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Almahayni K, Spiekermann M, Fiore A, Yu G, Pedram K, Möckl L. Small molecule inhibitors of mammalian glycosylation. Matrix Biol Plus 2022; 16:100108. [PMID: 36467541 PMCID: PMC9713294 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2022.100108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycans are one of the fundamental biopolymers encountered in living systems. Compared to polynucleotide and polypeptide biosynthesis, polysaccharide biosynthesis is a uniquely combinatorial process to which interdependent enzymes with seemingly broad specificities contribute. The resulting intracellular cell surface, and secreted glycans play key roles in health and disease, from embryogenesis to cancer progression. The study and modulation of glycans in cell and organismal biology is aided by small molecule inhibitors of the enzymes involved in glycan biosynthesis. In this review, we survey the arsenal of currently available inhibitors, focusing on agents which have been independently validated in diverse systems. We highlight the utility of these inhibitors and drawbacks to their use, emphasizing the need for innovation for basic research as well as for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Almahayni
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Malte Spiekermann
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Antonio Fiore
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Guoqiang Yu
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Kayvon Pedram
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA,Corresponding authors.
| | - Leonhard Möckl
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058 Erlangen, Germany,Corresponding authors.
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Targeting hypersialylation in multiple myeloma represents a novel approach to enhance NK cell-mediated tumor responses. Blood Adv 2022; 6:3352-3366. [PMID: 35294519 PMCID: PMC9198929 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypersialylation in MM facilitates immune evasion of NK cells but can be overcome by targeted desialylation or genetic deletion of Siglec-7. Desialylation unmasks CD38 expression on MM cells, enhancing NK cell–mediated ADCC induced by CD38 targeting of monoclonal antibodies.
Abnormal glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer, and the hypersialylated tumor cell surface facilitates abnormal cell trafficking and drug resistance in several malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM). Furthermore, hypersialylation has also been implicated in facilitating evasion of natural killer (NK) cell–mediated immunosurveillance but not in MM to date. In this study, we explore the role of hypersialylation in promoting escape from NK cells. We document strong expression of sialic acid-derived ligands for Siglec-7 (Siglec-7L) on primary MM cells and MM cell lines, highlighting the possibility of Siglec-7/Siglec-7L interactions in the tumor microenvironment. Interactomics experiments in MM cell lysates revealed PSGL-1 as the predominant Siglec-7L in MM. We show that desialylation, using both a sialidase and sialyltransferase inhibitor (SIA), strongly enhances NK cell–mediated cytotoxicity against MM cells. Furthermore, MM cell desialylation results in increased detection of CD38, a well-validated target in MM. Desialylation enhanced NK cell cytotoxicity against CD38+ MM cells after treatment with the anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody daratumumab. Additionally, we show that MM cells with low CD38 expression can be treated with all trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), SIA and daratumumab to elicit a potent NK cell cytotoxic response. Finally, we demonstrate that Siglec-7KO potentiates NK cell cytotoxicity against Siglec-7L+ MM cells. Taken together, our work shows that desialylation of MM cells is a promising novel approach to enhance NK cell efficacy against MM, which can be combined with frontline therapies to elicit a potent anti-MM response.
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Dong MB, Tang K, Zhou X, Zhou JJ, Chen S. Tumor immunology CRISPR screening: present, past, and future. Trends Cancer 2022; 8:210-225. [PMID: 34920978 PMCID: PMC8854335 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in immunotherapy have fundamentally changed the landscape of cancer treatment by leveraging the specificity and selectivity of the adaptive immune system to kill cancer cells. These successes have ushered in a new wave of research aimed at understanding immune recognition with the hope of developing newer immunotherapies. The advent of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) technologies and advancement of multiomics modalities have greatly accelerated the discovery process. Here, we review the current literature surrounding CRISPR screens within the context of tumor immunology, provide essential components needed to conduct immune-specific CRISPR screens, and present avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B. Dong
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA,System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA,Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA,Immunobiology Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA,Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA,M.D.-Ph.D. Program, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kaiyuan Tang
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA,System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA,Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA,Molecular Cell Biology, Genetics, and Development Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Zhou
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA,System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA,Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jingjia J. Zhou
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA,System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA,Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sidi Chen
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA; Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA; Immunobiology Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; M.D.-Ph.D. Program, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA; Molecular Cell Biology, Genetics, and Development Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale Center for Biomedical Data Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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48
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Critcher M, Hassan AA, Huang ML. Seeing the forest through the trees: characterizing the glycoproteome. Trends Biochem Sci 2022; 47:492-505. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Derosiers N, Aguilar W, DeGaramo DA, Posey AD. Sweet Immune Checkpoint Targets to Enhance T Cell Therapy. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:278-285. [PMID: 35017217 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite tremendous success against hematological malignancies, the performance of chimeric Ag receptor T cells against solid tumors remains poor. In such settings, the lack of success of this groundbreaking immunotherapy is in part mediated by ligand engagement of immune checkpoint molecules on the surface of T cells in the tumor microenvironment. Although CTLA-4 and programmed death-1 (PD-1) are well-established checkpoints that inhibit T cell activity, the engagement of glycans and glycan-binding proteins are a growing area of interest due to their immunomodulatory effects. This review discusses exemplary strategies to neutralize checkpoint molecules through an in-depth overview of genetic engineering approaches aimed at overcoming the inhibitory programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)/PD-1 axis in T cell therapies and summarizes current knowledge on glycoimmune interactions that mediate T cell immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nohelly Derosiers
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; and
| | - William Aguilar
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; and
| | - David A DeGaramo
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; and
| | - Avery D Posey
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; and .,Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA
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50
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Kobiela A, Frackowiak JE, Biernacka A, Hovhannisyan L, Bogucka AE, Panek K, Paul AA, Lukomska J, Wang X, Giannoulatou E, Krolicka A, Zielinski J, Deptula M, Pikula M, Gabrielsson S, Ogg GS, Gutowska-Owsiak D. Exposure of Keratinocytes to Candida Albicans in the Context of Atopic Milieu Induces Changes in the Surface Glycosylation Pattern of Small Extracellular Vesicles to Enhance Their Propensity to Interact With Inhibitory Siglec Receptors. Front Immunol 2022; 13:884530. [PMID: 35784319 PMCID: PMC9248261 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.884530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans (C. albicans) infection is a potential complication in the individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD) and can affect clinical course of the disease. Here, using primary keratinocytes we determined that atopic milieu promotes changes in the interaction of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) with dendritic cells and that this is further enhanced by the presence of C. albicans. sEV uptake is largely dependent on the expression of glycans on their surface; modelling of the protein interactions indicated that recognition of this pathogen through C. albicans-relevant pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) is linked to several glycosylation enzymes which may in turn affect the expression of sEV glycans. Here, significant changes in the surface glycosylation pattern, as determined by lectin array, could be observed in sEVs upon a combined exposure of keratinocytes to AD cytokines and C. albicans. This included enhanced expression of multiple types of glycans, for which several dendritic cell receptors could be proposed as binding partners. Blocking experiments showed predominant involvement of the inhibitory Siglec-7 and -9 receptors in the sEV-cell interaction and the engagement of sialic acid-containing carbohydrate moieties on the surface of sEVs. This pointed on ST6 β-Galactoside α-2,6-Sialyltransferase 1 (ST6GAL1) and Core 1 β,3-Galactosyltransferase 1 (C1GALT1) as potential enzymes involved in the process of remodelling of the sEV surface glycans upon C. albicans exposure. Our results suggest that, in combination with atopic dermatitis milieu, C. albicans promotes alterations in the glycosylation pattern of keratinocyte-derived sEVs to interact with inhibitory Siglecs on antigen presenting cells. Hence, a strategy aiming at this pathway to enhance antifungal responses and restrict pathogen spread could offer novel therapeutic options for skin candidiasis in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Kobiela
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Joanna E Frackowiak
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Biernacka
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Lilit Hovhannisyan
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra E Bogucka
- The Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Kinga Panek
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Argho Aninda Paul
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Joanna Lukomska
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Xinwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Eleni Giannoulatou
- Computational Biology Research Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Aleksandra Krolicka
- Laboratory of Biologically Active Compounds, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jacek Zielinski
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Milena Deptula
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.,Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Embryology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Michal Pikula
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Embryology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Susanne Gabrielsson
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Graham S Ogg
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Danuta Gutowska-Owsiak
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.,Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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