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Wang J, Zhou X, Han T, Zhang H. Epigenetic signatures of trophoblast lineage and their biological functions. Cells Dev 2024; 179:203934. [PMID: 38942294 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdev.2024.203934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Trophoblasts play a crucial role in embryo implantation and in interacting with the maternal uterus. The trophoblast lineage develops into a substantial part of the placenta, a temporary extra-embryonic organ, capable of undergoing distinctive epigenetic events during development. The critical role of trophoblast-specific epigenetic signatures in regulating placental development has become known, significantly advancing our understanding of trophoblast identity and lineage development. Scientific efforts are revealing how trophoblast-specific epigenetic signatures mediate stage-specific gene regulatory programming during the development of the trophoblast lineage. These epigenetic signatures have a significant impact on blastocyst formation, placental development, as well as the growth and survival of embryos and fetuses. In evolution, DNA hypomethylation in the trophoblast lineage is conserved, and there is a significant disparity in the control of epigenetic dynamics and the landscape of genomic imprinting. Scientists have used murine and human multipotent trophoblast cells as in vitro models to recapitulate the essential epigenetic processes of placental development. Here, we review the epigenetic signatures of the trophoblast lineage and their biological functions to enhance our understanding of placental evolution, development, and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqi Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Tingli Han
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, China; The Center for Reproductive Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
| | - Hua Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, China.
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2
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Kumar D, Tiwari M, Goel P, Singh MK, Selokar NL, Palta P. Comparative transcriptome profile of embryos at different developmental stages derived from somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) and in-vitro fertilization (IVF) in riverine buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:2457-2475. [PMID: 38829518 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10419-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a very important reproductive technology with many diverse applications, such as fast multiplication of elite animals, the production of transgenic animals and embryonic stem (ES) cells. However, low cloning efficiency, a low live birth rate and the abnormally high incidence of abnormalities in the offspring born are attributed to incomplete or aberrant nuclear reprogramming. In SCNT embryos, the aberrant expression pattern of the genes throughout embryonic development is responsible for the incomplete nuclear reprogramming. The present study was carried out to identify the differential gene expression (DEGs) profile and molecular pathways of the SCNT and IVF embryos at different developmental stages (2 cell, 8 cell and blastocyst stages). In the present study, 1164 (2 cell), 1004 (8 cell) and 530 (blastocyst stage) DEGs were identified in the SCNT embryos as compared to IVF embryos. In addition, several genes such as ZEB1, GDF1, HSF5, PDE3B, VIM, TNNC, HSD3B1, TAGLN, ITGA4 and AGMAT were affecting the development of SCNT embryos as compared to IVF embryos. Further, Gene Ontology (GO) and molecular pathways analysis suggested, SCNT embryos exhibit variations compared to their IVF counterparts and affected the development of embryos throughout the different developmental stages. Apart from this, q-PCR analysis of the GDF1, TMEM114, and IGSF22 genes were utilized to validate the RNA-seq data. These findings contribute valuable insights about the different genes and molecular pathways underlying SCNT embryo development and offer crucial information for improving SCNT efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Manish Tiwari
- ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India.
| | - Pallavi Goel
- ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | | | | | - Prabhat Palta
- ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India.
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3
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Montgomery T, Uh K, Lee K. TET enzyme driven epigenetic reprogramming in early embryos and its implication on long-term health. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1358649. [PMID: 39149518 PMCID: PMC11324557 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1358649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Mammalian embryo development is initiated by the union of paternal and maternal gametes. Upon fertilization, their epigenome landscape is transformed through a series of finely orchestrated mechanisms that are crucial for survival and successful embryogenesis. Specifically, maternal or oocyte-specific reprogramming factors modulate germ cell specific epigenetic marks into their embryonic states. Rapid and dynamic changes in epigenetic marks such as DNA methylation and histone modifications are observed during early embryo development. These changes govern the structure of embryonic genome prior to zygotic genome activation. Differential changes in epigenetic marks are observed between paternal and maternal genomes because the structure of the parental genomes allows interaction with specific oocyte reprogramming factors. For instance, the paternal genome is targeted by the TET family of enzymes which oxidize the 5-methylcytosine (5mC) epigenetic mark into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) to lower the level of DNA methylation. The maternal genome is mainly protected from TET3-mediated oxidation by the maternal factor, STELLA. The TET3-mediated DNA demethylation occurs at the global level and is clearly observed in many mammalian species. Other epigenetic modulating enzymes, such as DNA methyltransferases, provide fine tuning of the DNA methylation level by initiating de novo methylation. The mechanisms which initiate the epigenetic reprogramming of gametes are critical for proper activation of embryonic genome and subsequent establishment of pluripotency and normal development. Clinical cases or diseases linked to mutations in reprogramming modulators exist, emphasizing the need to understand mechanistic actions of these modulators. In addition, embryos generated via in vitro embryo production system often present epigenetic abnormalities. Understanding mechanistic actions of the epigenetic modulators will potentially improve the well-being of individuals suffering from these epigenetic disorders and correct epigenetic abnormalities in embryos produced in vitro. This review will summarize the current understanding of epigenetic reprogramming by TET enzymes during early embryogenesis and highlight its clinical relevance and potential implication for assisted reproductive technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ty Montgomery
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Kyungjun Uh
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiho Lee
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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4
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Zhang C, Xu M, Yang M, Liao A, Lv P, Liu X, Chen Y, Liu H, He Z. Efficient generation of cloned cats with altered coat colour by editing of the KIT gene. Theriogenology 2024; 222:54-65. [PMID: 38621344 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Coat colour largely determines the market demand for several cat breeds. The KIT proto-oncogene (KIT) gene is a key gene controlling melanoblast differentiation and melanogenesis. KIT mutations usually cause varied changes in coat colour in mammalian species. In this study, we used a pair of single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) to delete exon 17 of KIT in somatic cells isolated from two different Chinese Li Hua feline foetuses. Edited cells were used as donor nuclei for somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) to generate cloned embryos presenting an average cleavage rate exceeding 85%, and an average blastocyst formation rate exceeding 9.5%. 131 cloned embryos were transplanted into four surrogates, and all surrogates carried their pregnancies to term, and delivered 4.58% (6/131) alive cloned kittens, with 1.53% (2/131) being KIT-edited heterozygotes (KITD17/+). The KITD17/+ cats presented an obvious darkness reduction in the mackerel tabby coat. Immunohistochemical analysis (IHC) of skin tissues indicated impaired proliferation and differentiation of melanoblasts caused by the lack of exon17 in feline KIT. To our knowledge, this is the first report on coat colour modification of cats through gene editing. The findings could facilitate further understanding of the regulatory role of KIT on feline coat colour and provide a basis for the breeding of cats with commercially desired coat colour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Meina Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Min Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Alian Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Peiru Lv
- Henan Liosio Biotechnology Co., Ltd, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yaosheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Henan Liosio Biotechnology Co., Ltd, PR China.
| | - Zuyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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D’Occhio MJ, Campanile G, Baruselli PS, Porto Neto LR, Hayes BJ, Snr AC, Fortes MRS. Pleomorphic adenoma gene1 in reproduction and implication for embryonic survival in cattle: a review. J Anim Sci 2024; 102:skae103. [PMID: 38586898 PMCID: PMC11056886 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skae103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The pleomorphic adenoma gene1 (PLAG1) encodes a DNA-binding, C2H2 zinc-finger protein which acts as a transcription factor that regulates the expression of diverse genes across different organs and tissues; hence, the name pleomorphic. Rearrangements of the PLAG1 gene, and/or overexpression, are associated with benign tumors and cancers in a variety of tissues. This is best described for pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary glands in humans. The most notable expression of PLAG1 occurs during embryonic and fetal development, with lesser expression after birth. Evidence has accumulated of a role for PLAG1 protein in normal early embryonic development and placentation in mammals. PLAG1 protein influences the expression of the ike growth factor 2 (IGF2) gene and production of IGF2 protein. IGF2 is an important mitogen in ovarian follicles/oocytes, embryos, and fetuses. The PLAG1-IGF2 axis, therefore, provides one pathway whereby PLAG1 protein can influence embryonic survival and pregnancy. PLAG1 also influences over 1,000 other genes in embryos including those associated with ribosomal assembly and proteins. Brahman (Bos indicus) heifers homozygous for the PLAG1 variant, rs109815800 (G > T), show greater fertility than contemporary heifers with either one, or no copy, of the variant. Greater fertility in heifers homozygous for rs109815800 could be the result of early puberty and/or greater embryonic survival. The present review first looks at the broader roles of the PLAG1 gene and PLAG1 protein and then focuses on the emerging role of PLAG1/PLAG1 in embryonic development and pregnancy. A deeper understanding of factors which influence embryonic development is required for the next transformational increase in embryonic survival and successful pregnancy for both in vivo and in vitro derived embryos in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J D’Occhio
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Campanile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro S Baruselli
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Animal Reproduction, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ben J Hayes
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Alf Collins Snr
- CBV Brahman, Marlborough, Central Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Marina R S Fortes
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Jiang Z. Molecular and cellular programs underlying the development of bovine pre-implantation embryos. Reprod Fertil Dev 2023; 36:34-42. [PMID: 38064195 PMCID: PMC10962643 DOI: 10.1071/rd23146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Early embryonic mortality is a major cause of infertility in cattle, yet the underlying molecular causes remain a mystery. Over the past half century, assisted reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilisation and somatic cell nuclear transfer have been used to improve cattle reproductive efficiency; however, reduced embryo developmental potential is seen compared to their in vivo counterparts. Recent years have seen exciting progress across bovine embryo research, including genomic profiling of embryogenesis, new methods for improving embryo competence, and experimenting on building bovine embryos from stem cell cultures. These advances are beginning to define bovine embryo molecular and cellular programs and could potentially lead to improved embryo health. Here, I highlight the current status of molecular determinants and cellular programs of bovine embryo development and new opportunities to improve the bovine embryo health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongliang Jiang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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Tompkins JD. Transgenerational Epigenetic DNA Methylation Editing and Human Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1684. [PMID: 38136557 PMCID: PMC10742326 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
During gestation, maternal (F0), embryonic (F1), and migrating primordial germ cell (F2) genomes can be simultaneously exposed to environmental influences. Accumulating evidence suggests that operating epi- or above the genetic DNA sequence, covalent DNA methylation (DNAme) can be recorded onto DNA in response to environmental insults, some sites which escape normal germline erasure. These appear to intrinsically regulate future disease propensity, even transgenerationally. Thus, an organism's genome can undergo epigenetic adjustment based on environmental influences experienced by prior generations. During the earliest stages of mammalian development, the three-dimensional presentation of the genome is dramatically changed, and DNAme is removed genome wide. Why, then, do some pathological DNAme patterns appear to be heritable? Are these correctable? In the following sections, I review concepts of transgenerational epigenetics and recent work towards programming transgenerational DNAme. A framework for editing heritable DNAme and challenges are discussed, and ethics in human research is introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Tompkins
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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Jin M, Zhao L, Yang H, Zhao J, Ma H, Chen Y, Zhang J, Luo Y, Zhang Y, Liu J. A long non-coding RNA essential for early embryonic development improves somatic cell nuclear transfer somatic cell nuclear transfer efficiency in goats. Reproduction 2023; 166:285-297. [PMID: 37490350 PMCID: PMC10502959 DOI: 10.1530/rep-23-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
In brief Early embryonic development in goats is a complex and an important process. This study identified a novel long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), lncRNA3720, that appears to affect early embryonic development in goats through histone variants. Abstract Although abundant lncRNAs have been found to be highly expressed in early embryos, the functions and mechanisms of most lncRNAs in regulating embryonic development remain unclear. This study was conducted to identify the key lncRNAs during embryonic genome activation (EGA) for promoting embryonic development after somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) in goats. We screened and characterized lncRNAs from transcriptome data of in vitro-fertilized, two-cell (IVF-2c) and eight-cell embryos (IVF-8c) and eight-cell SCNT embryos (SCNT-8c). We obtained 12 differentially expressed lncRNAs that were highly expressed in IVF-8c embryos compared to IVF-2c and less expressed in SCNT-8c embryos. After target gene prediction, expression verification, and functional deletion experiments, we found that the expression level of lncRNA3720 affected the early embryonic development in goats. We cloned full-length lncRNA3720 and over-expressed it in goat fetal fibroblasts (GFFs). We identified histone variants by analyzing the transcriptome data from both GFFs and embryos. Gene annotation of the gene library and the literature search revealed that histone variants may have important roles in early embryo development, so we selected them as the potential target genes for lncRNA3720. Lastly, we compensated for the low expression of lncRNA3720 in SCNT embryos by microinjection and showed that the development rate and quality of SCNT embryos were significantly improved. We speculate that lncRNA3720 is a key promoter of embryonic development in goats by interacting with histone variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Jin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hanwen Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianglin Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongwei Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanzhi Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingcheng Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Luo
- College of Animal Engineering, Yangling Vocational and Technical College, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Kasimanickam VR, Kasimanickam RK. Differentially Expressed Candidate miRNAs of Day 16 Bovine Embryos on the Regulation of Pregnancy Establishment in Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3052. [PMID: 37835658 PMCID: PMC10571895 DOI: 10.3390/ani13193052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in high-throughput in silico techniques translate experimental data into meaningful biological networks through which the role of individual proteins, interactions, and their biological functions are comprehended. The study objective was to identify differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs between the day 16 competent, elongated embryo from normal cows and the day 16 noncompetent, tubular embryos from repeat breeder cows, assimilate DE-miRNAs to their target genes, and group target genes based on biological function using in silico methods. The 84 prioritized bovine-specific miRNAs were investigated by RT-PCR, and the results showed that 19 were differentially expressed (11 up- and 8 down-regulated) in the competent embryos compared to noncompetent ones (p ≤ 0.05; fold regulation ≥ 2 magnitudes). Top-ranked integrated genes of DE-miRNAs predicted various biological and molecular functions, cellular processes, and signaling pathways. Further, analysis of the categorized groups of genes showed association with signaling pathways, turning on or off key genes and transcription factors regulating the development of embryo, placenta, and various organs. In conclusion, highly DE-miRNAs in day 16 bovine conceptus regulated the embryogenesis and pregnancy establishment. The elucidated miRNA-mRNA interactions in this study were mostly based on predictions from public databases. Therefore, the causal regulations of these interactions and mechanisms require further functional characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanmathy R. Kasimanickam
- Center for Reproductive Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA;
- AARVEE Animal Biotech LLC, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA
| | - Ramanathan K. Kasimanickam
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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Moradi-Hajidavaloo R, Jafarpour F, Hajian M, Rahimi Andani M, Rouhollahi Varnosfaderani S, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Oct-4 activating compound 1 (OAC1) could improve the quality of somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos in the bovine. Theriogenology 2023; 198:75-86. [PMID: 36565671 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies described aberrant nuclear reprogramming in somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos that is distinctly different from fertilized embryos. This abnormal nuclear reprogramming hampers the proper pre- and/or post-implantation development. It has been demonstrated that SCNT blastocysts aberrantly expressed POU5F1 and POU5F1-related genes. With regard to this, it has been postulated that promoting the expression of POU5F1 in SCNT embryos may enhance reprogramming in SCNT embryos. In this study, we treated either fibroblast donor cells or SCNT embryos with OAC1 as a novel small molecule that has been reported to induce POU5F1 expression. Quantitative results from the MTS assay revealed that lower concentrations of OAC1 (1, 1.5, and 3 μM) are non-toxic after 2, 4, and 6 days, but higher concentrations (6, 8, 10, and 12 μM) are toxic and reduced the proliferation of cells after 6 days. No enhancement in the expression of endogenous POU5F1 was observed when both mouse and bovine fibroblast cells were treated with 1.5 and 3 μM OAC1 for up to 6 consecutive days. Subsequently, we treated either fibroblast as donor cells in the SCNT procedure (BFF-OAC1 group) or SCNT embryos [for 4 days (IVC-OAC1: D4-D7 group) or 7 days (IVC-OAC1: D0-D7 group)] with 1.5 μM OAC1. We observed that neither treatment of fibroblast donor cells nor SCNT embryos improved the cleavage and blastocyst rates. Interestingly, we observed that treatment of SCNT embryos all throughout the in vitro culture (IVC) (IVC-OAC1: D0-D7) with 1.5 μM OAC1 improves the quality of derived blastocyst which was indexed by morphological grading, blastomere allocation, epigenetic marks and mRNA expression of target genes. In conclusion, our results showed that supplementation of IVC medium with 1.5 μM OAC1 (D0-D7) accelerates SCNT reprogramming in bovine species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Moradi-Hajidavaloo
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Jafarpour
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Hajian
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rahimi Andani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shiva Rouhollahi Varnosfaderani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
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11
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Vargas LN, Silveira MM, Franco MM. Epigenetic Reprogramming and Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2647:37-58. [PMID: 37041328 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3064-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetics is an area of genetics that studies the heritable modifications in gene expression and phenotype that are not controlled by the primary sequence of DNA. The main epigenetic mechanisms are DNA methylation, post-translational covalent modifications in histone tails, and non-coding RNAs. During mammalian development, there are two global waves of epigenetic reprogramming. The first one occurs during gametogenesis and the second one begins immediately after fertilization. Environmental factors such as exposure to pollutants, unbalanced nutrition, behavioral factors, stress, in vitro culture conditions can negatively affect epigenetic reprogramming events. In this review, we describe the main epigenetic mechanisms found during mammalian preimplantation development (e.g., genomic imprinting, X chromosome inactivation). Moreover, we discuss the detrimental effects of cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer on the reprogramming of epigenetic patterns and some molecular alternatives to minimize these negative impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luna N Vargas
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Márcia M Silveira
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maurício M Franco
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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12
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Vargas LN, Nochi ARF, de Castro PS, Cunha ATM, Silva TCF, Togawa RC, Silveira MM, Caetano AR, Franco MM. Differentially methylated regions identified in bovine embryos are not observed in adulthood. Anim Reprod 2023; 20:e20220076. [PMID: 36938311 PMCID: PMC10023072 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2022-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The establishment of epigenetic marks during the reprogramming window is susceptible to environmental influences, and stimuli during this critical stage can cause altered DNA methylation in offspring. In a previous study, we found that low levels of sulphur and cobalt (low S/Co) in the diet offered to oocyte donors altered the DNA methylome of bovine embryos. However, due to the extensive epigenetic reprogramming that occurs during embryogenesis, we hypothesized that the different methylation regions (DMRs) identified in the blastocysts may not maintain in adulthood. Here, we aimed to characterize DMRs previously identified in embryos, in the blood and sperm of adult progenies of two groups of heifers (low S/Co and control). We used six bulls and characterized the DNA methylation levels of KDM2A, KDM5A, KMT2D, and DOT1L genes. Our results showed that all DMRs analysed in both groups and tissues were hypermethylated unlike that noticed in the embryonic methylome profiles. These results suggest that embryo DMRs were reprogrammed during the final stages of de novo methylation during embryogenesis or later in development. Therefore, due to the highly dynamic epigenetic state during early embryonic development, we suggest that is essential to validate the DMRs found in embryos in adult individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luna Nascimento Vargas
- Laboratório de Reprodução Animal, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brasil
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
| | | | - Paloma Soares de Castro
- Laboratório de Reprodução Animal, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brasil
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
| | | | - Thainara Christie Ferreira Silva
- Laboratório de Reprodução Animal, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brasil
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Maurício Machaim Franco
- Laboratório de Reprodução Animal, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brasil
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brasil
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
- Corresponding author:
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13
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Moura MT. Cloning by SCNT: Integrating Technical and Biology-Driven Advances. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2647:1-35. [PMID: 37041327 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3064-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) into enucleated oocytes initiates nuclear reprogramming of lineage-committed cells to totipotency. Pioneer SCNT work culminated with cloned amphibians from tadpoles, while technical and biology-driven advances led to cloned mammals from adult animals. Cloning technology has been addressing fundamental questions in biology, propagating desired genomes, and contributing to the generation of transgenic animals or patient-specific stem cells. Nonetheless, SCNT remains technically complex and cloning efficiency relatively low. Genome-wide technologies revealed barriers to nuclear reprogramming, such as persistent epigenetic marks of somatic origin and reprogramming resistant regions of the genome. To decipher the rare reprogramming events that are compatible with full-term cloned development, it will likely require technical advances for large-scale production of SCNT embryos alongside extensive profiling by single-cell multi-omics. Altogether, cloning by SCNT remains a versatile technology, while further advances should continuously refresh the excitement of its applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Tigre Moura
- Chemical Biology Graduate Program, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Campus Diadema, Diadema - SP, Brazil
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14
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Saha A, Chauhan MS, Manik RS, Palta P, Singla SK. Comparison the effects of 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine and zebularine on the in vitro development, blastocyst quality, methylation pattern and conception rate on handmade cloned buffalo embryos. Reprod Domest Anim 2023; 58:158-167. [PMID: 36214130 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study we treated the handmade cloned (HMC) buffalo embryos with the DNA methylation inhibitors; 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (AzadC) or Zebularine individually after post-fusion and during in vitro culture till eighth day. The blastocysts production rate significantly improved (p < .01) after treating embryos independently with 5 nM AzadC and 5 nM zebularine compared with 2 and 10 nM AzadC or zebularine groups, respectively. The highest cleavage rates were obtained for 5 nM treatment of AzadC and zebularine compared with other treatments and untreated control group. Quality of blastocysts were evaluated using total cell number (TCN) and the ratio of number of inner cell mass (ICM) cells/total cell number (ICM/TCN). Zebularine treatments (2/5/10 nM) significantly improved both TCN and ICM/TCN ratio compared with AzadC treatments (2/5/10 nM); however, control group TCN and ICM/TCN ratio was found lower. The methylation percentage of pDS4.1 and B. bubalis satellite DNA were comparatively more attenuated with 5 nM zebularine than 5 nM AzadC treatment. The increased in vitro development rates of the treated embryos were correlated with the decreased level of DNA methylation and the improved blastocyst quality. Following transfer of 5 nM zebularine treated embryos to 6 recipients, 4 were found to be pregnant, though the pregnancies were not carried to full term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambikaprasanna Saha
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India.,Dum Dum Motijheel College, Kolkata, India
| | - Manmohan S Chauhan
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Radhey S Manik
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Prabhat Palta
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Suresh K Singla
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
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15
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Moharrek F, Ingerslev LR, Altıntaş A, Lundell L, Hansen AN, Small L, Workman CT, Barrès R. Comparative analysis of sperm DNA methylation supports evolutionary acquired epigenetic plasticity for organ speciation. Epigenomics 2022; 14:1305-1324. [PMID: 36420698 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2022-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To perform a comparative epigenomic analysis of DNA methylation in spermatozoa from humans, mice, rats and mini-pigs. Materials & methods: Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis was used to compare the methylation profiles of orthologous CpG sites. Transcription profiles of early embryo development were analyzed to provide insight into the association between sperm methylation and gene expression programming. Results: We identified DNA methylation variation near genes related to the central nervous system and signal transduction. Gene expression dynamics at different time points of preimplantation stages were modestly associated with spermatozoal DNA methylation at the nearest promoters. Conclusion: Conserved genomic regions subject to epigenetic variation across different species were associated with specific organ functions, suggesting their potential contribution to organ speciation and long-term adaptation to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Moharrek
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Lars R Ingerslev
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Ali Altıntaş
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Leonidas Lundell
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Ann N Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Lewin Small
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Christopher T Workman
- Department of Biotechnology & Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Romain Barrès
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark.,Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d'Azur & Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Valbonne, 06560, France
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16
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Tiwari M, Rawat N, Sharma A, Bhardwaj P, Roshan M, Nagoorvali D, Singh MK, Chauhan M. Methylation status of imprinted gene IGF2/ H19 DMR3 region in Goat (Capra hircus) blastocysts produced through parthenogenesis and in vitro fertilization. Small Rumin Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2022.106796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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17
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Yu EJ, Park EA, Choe SA, Lee KA, Kim YS. Freeze all-first versus biopsy-first: A retrospective analysis of frozen blastocyst transfer cycles with preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267652. [PMID: 36156085 PMCID: PMC9512210 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Potential use of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) is increasing. Patients who have excess embryos cryopreserved at the blastocyst stage may desire PGT-A but there is little data available on options for these patients. We compared the efficacy and safety of the timing on the cryopreservation and trophectoderm(TE) biopsy for preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) program associated with the better outcomes after frozen blastocyst transfer. Retrospective analysis of patients who underwent PGT-A cycles from January 2016 to December 2019 was carried out. 2684 blastocysts from cycles were subjected to TE biopsy for performing array comparative genomic hybridization test and Next-generation sequencing. All cycles were divided into two according to the timing of biopsy: biopsy-first (n = 211 cases/ 232 transfers) versus freeze all-first (n = 327 cases/ 415 transfers). In the biopsy-first group, embryos were cultured to expanded blastocyst and proceed to TE biopsy on day 5 or day 6 followed by cryopreservation. In the freeze all-first, blastocysts were vitrified and warmed before biopsy. Rates of clinical pregnancy (52.3% vs. 38.7%, P = 0.09) and ongoing pregnancy (44.3% vs. 34.5%, P = 0.07) in biopsy-first were significantly higher than those in freeze all-first. Biopsy-first showed comparable miscarriage rate with freeze all-first (15.2% (33/217) vs.11.1% (10/90), respectively). Rate ratio (RR) for clinical pregnancy was lower in freeze all-first group (adjusted RR = 0.78, 95% confidence interval: 0.65, 0.93). The RRs for miscarriage and live birth was also lower but it did not reach statistical significance. Our result supported performing TE biopsy of blastocyst for PGT-A before vitrification and warming. This finding would contribute to more evidence-based decision in PGT-A cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jeong Yu
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-A. Park
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, Fertility Laboratory, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ah Choe
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ah Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - You Shin Kim
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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18
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Antonyová V, Tatar A, Brogyányi T, Kejík Z, Kaplánek R, Vellieux F, Abramenko N, Sinica A, Hajduch J, Novotný P, Masters BS, Martásek P, Jakubek M. Targeting of the Mitochondrial TET1 Protein by Pyrrolo[3,2- b]pyrrole Chelators. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810850. [PMID: 36142763 PMCID: PMC9505425 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting of epigenetic mechanisms, such as the hydroxymethylation of DNA, has been intensively studied, with respect to the treatment of many serious pathologies, including oncological disorders. Recent studies demonstrated that promising therapeutic strategies could potentially be based on the inhibition of the TET1 protein (ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase 1) by specific iron chelators. Therefore, in the present work, we prepared a series of pyrrolopyrrole derivatives with hydrazide (1) or hydrazone (2–6) iron-binding groups. As a result, we determined that the basic pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole derivative 1 was a strong inhibitor of the TET1 protein (IC50 = 1.33 μM), supported by microscale thermophoresis and molecular docking. Pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrroles 2–6, bearing substituted 2-hydroxybenzylidene moieties, displayed no significant inhibitory activity. In addition, in vitro studies demonstrated that derivative 1 exhibits potent anticancer activity and an exclusive mitochondrial localization, confirmed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient of 0.92.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Antonyová
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 20 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Ameneh Tatar
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Brogyányi
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Kejík
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 20 Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Kaplánek
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 20 Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Fréderic Vellieux
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 20 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Nikita Abramenko
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 20 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Alla Sinica
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 20 Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hajduch
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 20 Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Novotný
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 20 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Bettie Sue Masters
- Duke University Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Pavel Martásek
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (M.J.)
| | - Milan Jakubek
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 20 Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (M.J.)
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19
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Li Y, Sun Q. Epigenetic manipulation to improve mouse SCNT embryonic development. Front Genet 2022; 13:932867. [PMID: 36110221 PMCID: PMC9468881 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.932867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cloned mammals can be achieved through somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), which involves reprogramming of differentiated somatic cells into a totipotent state. However, low cloning efficiency hampers its application severely. Cloned embryos have the same DNA as donor somatic cells. Therefore, incomplete epigenetic reprogramming accounts for low development of cloned embryos. In this review, we describe recent epigenetic barriers in SCNT embryos and strategies to correct these epigenetic defects and avoid the occurrence of abnormalities in cloned animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Qiang Sun,
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20
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Chen C, Gao Y, Liu W, Gao S. Epigenetic regulation of cell fate transition: learning from early embryo development and somatic cell reprogramming†. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:183-195. [PMID: 35526125 PMCID: PMC9310515 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulations play a central role in governing the embryo development and somatic cell reprogramming. Taking advantage of recent advances in low-input sequencing techniques, researchers have uncovered a comprehensive view of the epigenetic landscape during rapid transcriptome transitions involved in the cell fate commitment. The well-organized epigenetic reprogramming also highlights the essential roles of specific epigenetic regulators to support efficient regulation of transcription activity and chromatin remodeling. This review briefly introduces the recent progress in the molecular dynamics and regulation mechanisms implicated in mouse early embryo development and somatic cell reprograming, as well as the multi-omics regulatory mechanisms of totipotency mediated by several key factors, which provide valuable resources for further investigations on the complicated regulatory network in essential biological events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Chen
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yawei Gao
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenqiang Liu
- Clinical and Translation Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaorong Gao
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical and Translation Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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21
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Malpotra S, Goel P, Shyam S, Singh MK, Palta P. Global DNA methylation profiles of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) preimplantation embryos produced by handmade cloning and in vitro fertilization. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5161. [PMID: 35338228 PMCID: PMC8956680 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09207-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer technique (SCNT) has proved to be an outstanding method of multiplication of elite animals but accompanied with low efficiency and live birth rate of cloned animals. Epigenetic alterations of DNA has been one of the culprits behind this issue. Cloned embryos are found to deviate slightly from regular pattern of demethylation and re-methylation at the time of nuclear reprogramming and embryonic development when compared with embryos produced by in vitro fertilization (IVF). Thus, the present study was aimed at evaluating global DNA methylation profiles of cloned embryos at 2-cell, 8-cell and blastocyst stages and compare it with corresponding stages of embryos produced by IVF by using MeDIP-Sequencing on Illumina-based platform. We found out that cloned embryos exhibited significantly different DNA methylation pattern as compared to IVF embryos with respect to distribution of differentially methylated regions in different components of genome, CpG islands distribution and methylation status, gene ontological profiles and pathways affected throughout the developmental stages. The data generated from MeDIP-Seq was validated at blastocyst stage cloned and IVF embryos by bisulfite-sequencing PCR on five randomly selected gene regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Malpotra
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University), Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
| | - Pallavi Goel
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University), Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Songyukta Shyam
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University), Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Singh
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University), Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Prabhat Palta
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University), Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
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22
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Dean W. Pathways of DNA Demethylation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1389:211-238. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-11454-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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23
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Lite C, Raja GL, Juliet M, Sridhar VV, Subhashree KD, Kumar P, Chakraborty P, Arockiaraj J. In utero exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals, maternal factors and alterations in the epigenetic landscape underlying later-life health effects. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 89:103779. [PMID: 34843942 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Widespread persistence of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the environment has mandated the need to study their potential effects on an individual's long-term health after both acute and chronic exposure periods. In this review article a particular focus is given on in utero exposure to EDCs in rodent models which resulted in altered epigenetic programming and transgenerational effects in the offspring causing disrupted reproductive and metabolic phenotypes. The literature to date establishes the impact of transgenerational effects of EDCs potentially associated with epigenetic mediated mechanisms. Therefore, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of epigenetic programming and it's regulation in mammals, primarily focusing on the epigenetic plasticity and susceptibility to exogenous hormone active chemicals during the early developmental period. Further, we have also in depth discussed the epigenetic alterations associated with the exposure to selected EDCs such as Bisphenol A (BPA), di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and vinclozlin upon in utero exposure especially in rodent models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy Lite
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Glancis Luzeena Raja
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulatur, Chennai 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Melita Juliet
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College and Hospital, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulatur, Chennai 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vasisht Varsh Sridhar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulatur, Chennai 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Divya Subhashree
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulatur, Chennai 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Paromita Chakraborty
- Environmental Science and Technology Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulatur, Chennai 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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24
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Brachygnathia Inferior in Cloned Dogs Is Possibly Correlated with Variants of Wnt Signaling Pathway Initiators. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23010475. [PMID: 35008901 PMCID: PMC8745273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities in animals cloned via somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) have been reported. In this study, to produce bomb-sniffing dogs, we successfully cloned four healthy dogs through SCNT using the same donor genome from the skin of a male German shepherd old dog. Veterinary diagnosis (X-ray/3D-CT imaging) revealed that two cloned dogs showed normal phenotypes, whereas the others showed abnormal shortening of the mandible (brachygnathia inferior) at 1 month after birth, even though they were cloned under the same conditions except for the oocyte source. Therefore, we aimed to determine the genetic cause of brachygnathia inferior in these cloned dogs. To determine the genetic defects related to brachygnathia inferior, we performed karyotyping and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) for identifying small genetic alterations in the genome, such as single-nucleotide variations or frameshifts. There were no chromosomal numerical abnormalities in all cloned dogs. However, WGS analysis revealed variants of Wnt signaling pathway initiators (WNT5B, DVL2, DACT1, ARRB2, FZD 4/8) and cadherin (CDH11, CDH1like) in cloned dogs with brachygnathia inferior. In conclusion, this study proposes that brachygnathia inferior in cloned dogs may be associated with variants in initiators and/or regulators of the Wnt/cadherin signaling pathway.
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Jeong PS, Yang HJ, Park SH, Gwon MA, Joo YE, Kim MJ, Kang HG, Lee S, Park YH, Song BS, Kim SU, Koo DB, Sim BW. Combined Chaetocin/Trichostatin A Treatment Improves the Epigenetic Modification and Developmental Competence of Porcine Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:709574. [PMID: 34692674 PMCID: PMC8526721 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.709574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental defects in somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos are principally attributable to incomplete epigenetic reprogramming. Small-molecule inhibitors such as histone methyltransferase inhibitors (HMTi) and histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) have been used to improve reprogramming efficiency of SCNT embryos. However, their possible synergistic effect on epigenetic reprogramming has not been studied. In this study, we explored whether combined treatment with an HMTi (chaetocin) and an HDACi (trichostatin A; TSA) synergistically enhanced epigenetic reprogramming and the developmental competence of porcine SCNT embryos. Chaetocin, TSA, and the combination significantly increased the cleavage and blastocyst formation rate, hatching/hatched blastocyst rate, and cell numbers and survival rate compared to control embryos. In particular, the combined treatment improved the rate of development to blastocysts more so than chaetocin or TSA alone. TSA and combined chaetocin/TSA significantly reduced the H3K9me3 levels and increased the H3K9ac levels in SCNT embryos, although chaetocin alone significantly reduced only the H3K9me3 levels. Moreover, these inhibitors also decreased global DNA methylation in SCNT embryos. In addition, the expression of zygotic genome activation- and imprinting-related genes was increased by chaetocin or TSA, and more so by the combination, to levels similar to those of in vitro-fertilized embryos. These results suggest that combined chaetocin/TSA have synergistic effects on improving the developmental competences by regulating epigenetic reprogramming and correcting developmental potential-related gene expression in porcine SCNT embryos. Therefore, these strategies may contribute to the generation of transgenic pigs for biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pil-Soo Jeong
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center (FARRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, South Korea.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Hae-Jun Yang
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center (FARRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Soo-Hyun Park
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center (FARRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, South Korea.,Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Min Ah Gwon
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center (FARRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, South Korea.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Ye Eun Joo
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center (FARRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, South Korea.,Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center (FARRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, South Korea.,Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Gu Kang
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center (FARRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, South Korea.,Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center (FARRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Young-Ho Park
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center (FARRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Bong-Seok Song
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center (FARRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Sun-Uk Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center (FARRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, South Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Deog-Bon Koo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Bo-Woong Sim
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center (FARRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, South Korea
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Malpotra S, Singh MK, Palta P. MeDIP-sequencing for profiling global DNA methylation in buffalo embryos produced by in vitro fertilization. Anim Biotechnol 2021:1-17. [PMID: 34612161 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.1981356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Assisted reproductive technique like in vitro fertilization has contributed immensely in producing genetically improved livestock. Production of embryos under in vitro conditions can affect global DNA methylation pattern during the course of embryonic development. The present study is aimed at the generation and comparison of global DNA methylome of embryos at 2-cell, 8-cell and blastocyst stage of buffalo embryos produced by in vitro fertilization using MeDIP-Sequencing. It is observed that there is a profound difference in the global DNA methylation profile of IVF embryos at different developmental stages. These differences are manifested throughout the course of embryonic development. Pathways like Wnt signaling pathway, gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor pathway and integrin signaling were found to be majorly affected by hypermethylation of DNA in IVF embryos throughout the development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Malpotra
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University), Karnal, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Singh
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University), Karnal, India
| | - Prabhat Palta
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University), Karnal, India
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Ashry M, Yang C, Rajput SK, Folger JK, Knott JG, Smith GW. Follistatin supplementation induces changes in CDX2 CpG methylation and improves in vitro development of bovine SCNT preimplantation embryos. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2021; 19:141. [PMID: 34517901 PMCID: PMC8436481 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-021-00829-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Caudal Type Homeobox 2 (CDX2) is a key regulator of trophectoderm formation and maintenance in preimplantation embryos. We previously demonstrated that supplementation of exogenous follistatin, during in vitro culture of bovine IVF embryos, upregulates CDX2 expression, possibly, via alteration of the methylation status of CDX2 gene. Here, we further investigated the effects of exogenous follistatin supplementation on developmental competence and CDX2 methylation in bovine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. SCNT embryos were cultured with or without follistatin for 72h, then transferred into follistatin free media until d7 when blastocysts were collected and subjected to CDX2 gene expression and DNA methylation analysis for CDX2 regulatory regions by bisulfite sequencing. Follistatin supplementation significantly increased both blastocyst development as well as blastocyst CDX2 mRNA expression on d7. Three different CpG rich fragments within the CDX2 regulatory elements; proximal promoter (fragment P1, -1644 to -1180; P2, -305 to +126) and intron 1 (fragment I, + 3030 to + 3710) were identified and selected for bisulfite sequencing analysis. This analysis showed that follistatin treatment induced differential methylation (DM) at specific CpG sites within the analyzed fragments. Follistatin treatment elicited hypomethylation at six CpG sites at positions -1374, -279, -163, -23, +122 and +3558 and hypermethylation at two CpG sites at positions -243 and +20 in promoter region and first intron of CDX2 gene. Motif analysis using MatInspector revealed that differentially methylated CpG sites are putative binding sites for key transcription factors (TFs) known to regulate Cdx2 expression in mouse embryos and embryonic stem cells including OCT1, AP2F, KLF and P53, or TFs that have indirect link to CDX2 regulation including HAND and NRSF. Collectively, results of the present study together with our previous findings in IVF embryos support the hypothesis that alteration of CDX2 methylation is one of the epigenetic mechanisms by which follistatin may regulates CDX2 expression in preimplantation bovine embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ashry
- Laboratory of Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Genomics, Department of Animal Science, Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Developmental Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Chunyan Yang
- Laboratory of Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Genomics, Department of Animal Science, Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Guangxi Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanning, China
| | - Sandeep K Rajput
- Laboratory of Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Genomics, Department of Animal Science, Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Joseph K Folger
- Laboratory of Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Genomics, Department of Animal Science, Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Jason G Knott
- Developmental Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - George W Smith
- Laboratory of Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Genomics, Department of Animal Science, Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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Xu J, Shu Y, Yao G, Zhang Y, Niu W, Zhang Y, Ma X, Jin H, Zhang F, Shi S, Wang Y, Song W, Dai S, Cheng L, Zhang X, Xie W, Hsueh AJ, Sun Y. Parental methylome reprogramming in human uniparental blastocysts reveals germline memory transition. Genome Res 2021; 31:1519-1530. [PMID: 34330789 PMCID: PMC8415376 DOI: 10.1101/gr.273318.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Uniparental embryos derived from only the mother (gynogenetic [GG]) or the father (androgenetic [AG]) are unique models for studying genomic imprinting and parental contributions to embryonic development. Human parthenogenetic embryos can be obtained following artificial activation of unfertilized oocytes, but the production of AG embryos by injection of two sperm into one denucleated oocyte leads to an extra centriole, resulting in multipolar spindles, abnormal cell division, and developmental defects. Here, we improved androgenote production by transferring the male pronucleus from one zygote into another haploid androgenote to prevent extra centrioles and successfully generated human diploid AG embryos capable of developing into blastocysts with an identifiable inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE). The GG embryos were also generated. The zygotic genome was successfully activated in both the AG and GG embryos. DNA methylome analysis showed that the GG blastocysts partially retain the oocyte transcription-dependent methylation pattern, whereas the AG blastocyst methylome showed more extensive demethylation. The methylation states of most known imprinted differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were recapitulated in the AG and GG blastocysts. Novel candidate imprinted DMRs were also identified. The production of uniparental human embryos followed by transcriptome and methylome analysis is valuable for identifying parental contributions and epigenome memory transitions during early human development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Xu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Yimin Shu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Guidong Yao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenbin Niu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Yile Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Xueshan Ma
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Haixia Jin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Fuli Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Senlin Shi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Yang Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Wenyan Song
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Shanjun Dai
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Luyao Cheng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Wei Xie
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Aaron J Hsueh
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Yingpu Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
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Arand J, Reijo Pera RA, Wossidlo M. Reprogramming of DNA methylation is linked to successful human preimplantation development. Histochem Cell Biol 2021; 156:197-207. [PMID: 34179999 PMCID: PMC8460514 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-021-02008-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human preimplantation development is characterized by low developmental rates that are poorly understood. Early mammalian embryogenesis is characterized by a major phase of epigenetic reprogramming, which involves global DNA methylation changes and activity of TET enzymes; the importance of DNA methylation reprogramming for successful human preimplantation development has not been investigated. Here, we analyzed early human embryos for dynamic changes in 5-methylcytosine and its oxidized derivatives generated by TET enzymes. We observed that 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine show similar, albeit less pronounced, asymmetry between the parental pronuclei of human zygotes relative to mouse zygotes. Notably, we detected low levels of 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine, with no apparent difference in maternal or paternal pronuclei of human zygotes. Analysis of later human preimplantation stages revealed a mosaic pattern of DNA 5C modifications similar to those of the mouse and other mammals. Strikingly, using noninvasive time-lapse imaging and well-defined cell cycle parameters, we analyzed normally and abnormally developing human four-cell embryos for global reprogramming of DNA methylation and detected lower 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine levels in normal embryos compared to abnormal embryos. In conclusion, our results suggest that DNA methylation reprogramming is conserved in humans, with human-specific dynamics and extent. Furthermore, abnormalities in the four-cell-specific DNA methylome in early human embryogenesis are associated with abnormal development, highlighting an essential role of epigenetic reprogramming for successful human embryogenesis. Further research should identify the underlying genomic regions and cause of abnormal DNA methylation reprogramming in early human embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Arand
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Center of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Renee A Reijo Pera
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,McLaughlin Research Institute, Great Falls, MT, 59405, USA
| | - Mark Wossidlo
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Center of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria. .,Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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Poirier M, Smith OE, Therrien J, Rigoglio NN, Miglino MA, Silva LA, Meirelles FV, Smith LC. Resiliency of equid H19 imprint to somatic cell reprogramming by oocyte nuclear transfer and genetically induced pluripotency†. Biol Reprod 2021; 102:211-219. [PMID: 31504208 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell reprogramming by somatic cell nuclear transfer and in induced pluripotent stem cells is associated with epigenetic modifications that are often incompatible with embryonic development and differentiation. For instance, aberrant DNA methylation patterns of the differentially methylated region and biallelic expression of H19-/IGF2-imprinted gene locus have been associated with abnormal growth of fetuses and placenta in several mammalian species. However, cloned horses are born with normal sizes and with no apparent placental anomalies, suggesting that H19/IGF2 imprinting may be epigenetically stable after reprogramming in this species. In light of this, we aimed at characterizing the equid H19 gene to determine whether imprinting is altered in somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)-derived conceptuses and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines using the mule hybrid model. A CpG-rich region containing five CTCF binding sites was identified upstream of the equine H19 gene and analyzed by bisulfite sequencing. Coupled with parent-specific and global H19 transcript analysis, we found that the imprinted H19 remains monoallelic and that on average the methylation levels of both parental differentially methylated regions in embryonic and extra-embryonic SCNT tissues and iPSC lines remained unaltered after reprogramming. Together, these results show that, compared to other species, equid somatic cells are more resilient to epigenetic alterations to the H19-imprinted locus during SCNT and iPSC reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhael Poirier
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fértilité, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Olivia Eilers Smith
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fértilité, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Jacinthe Therrien
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fértilité, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Nathia Nathaly Rigoglio
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fértilité, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.,Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Angélica Miglino
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciano Andrade Silva
- Department of Veterinary, School of Animal and Food Sciences, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Flavio Vieira Meirelles
- Department of Veterinary, School of Animal and Food Sciences, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Lawrence Charles Smith
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fértilité, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
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Yang M, Tao X, Scott K, Zhan Y, Scott RT, Seli E. Evaluation of genome-wide DNA methylation profile of human embryos with different developmental competences. Hum Reprod 2021; 36:1682-1690. [PMID: 33846747 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Do embryos with different developmental competence exhibit different DNA methylation profiles at the blastocyst stage? SUMMARY ANSWER We established genome-wide DNA methylome analysis for embryo trophectoderm (TE) biopsy samples and our findings demonstrated correlation of methylation profile of trophectoderm with euploidy status and with maternal age, indicating that genome-wide methylation level might be negatively correlated with embryo quality. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY DNA methylation is a fundamental epigenetic regulatory mechanism that affects differentiation of cells into their future lineages during pre-implantation embryo development. Currently there is no established approach available to assess the epigenetic status of the human preimplantation embryo during routine IVF treatment. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION In total, we collected trophectoderm biopsy samples from 30 randomly selected human blastocysts and conducted whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) to evaluate their DNA methylation profile. Nested linear models were used to assess association between DNA methylation level and ploidy status (aneuploidy [n = 20] vs. euploidy [n = 10]), maternal age (29.4-42.5 years old), and time of blastulation (day 5 [n = 16] vs. day 6 [n = 14]), using embryo identity as a covariate. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS TE biopsy samples were obtained and submitted to bisulfite conversion. For WGBS, whole-genome sequencing libraries were then generated from the converted genome. An average of 75 million reads were obtained for each sample, and about 63% of the reads aligned to human reference. An average of 40 million reads used for the final analysis after the unconverted reads were filtered out. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE We revealed an increase of genome-wide DNA methylation level in aneuploid embryo TE biopsies compared to euploid embryos (25.4% ± 3.2% vs. 24.7% ± 3.2%, P < 0.005). We also found genome-wide DNA methylation level to be increased with the maternal age (P < 0.005). On a chromosomal scale, we found monosomic embryos have lower methylation levels on the involved chromosome while no drastic change was observed for the involved chromosome in trisomies. Additionally, we revealed that WGBS data precisely revealed the chromosome copy number variance. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Though our results demonstrated a negative correlation of genome-wide methylation level and embryo quality, further WGBS analysis on a greater number of embryos and specific investigation of its correlation with implantation and live birth are needed before any practical use of this approach for evaluation of embryo competence. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This study revealed a change in genome-wide DNA methylation profile among embryos with different developmental potentials, reinforcing the critical role of DNA methylation in early development. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) No external funding was received for this study. Intramural funding was provided by the Foundation for Embryonic Competence (FEC). E.S. is a consultant for and receives research funding from the Foundation for Embryonic Competence; he is also co-founder and a shareholder of ACIS LLC and coholds patent US2019/055906 issued for utilizing electrical resistance measurement for assessing cell viability and cell membrane piercing. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- The Foundation for Embryonic Competence, Basking Ridge, NJ, USA
| | - Xin Tao
- The Foundation for Embryonic Competence, Basking Ridge, NJ, USA
| | - Katherine Scott
- The Foundation for Embryonic Competence, Basking Ridge, NJ, USA
| | - Yiping Zhan
- The Foundation for Embryonic Competence, Basking Ridge, NJ, USA
| | - Richard T Scott
- IVIRMA, New Jersey, Basking Ridge, NJ, USA.,Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emre Seli
- IVIRMA, New Jersey, Basking Ridge, NJ, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Epigenetic memory in reprogramming. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2021; 70:24-31. [PMID: 34058535 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A central question of biology is the basis of stable cell fates. Cell fates are formed during development, where the zygote progresses from totipotency to terminal differentiation. Each step of lineage commitment involves establishment of stable states encoding-specific developmental commitments that can be faithfully transmitted to daughter cells - a 'memory' of cell fate is acquired. However, this cell-fate memory is reversible and can be changed when experimental reprogramming procedures such as nuclear transfer to eggs or transcription factor overexpression are used. The ability to reprogram cell fates impacts regenerative medicine, as progress in understanding underlying molecular mechanisms of cell-fate changes can allow the generation of any cell type needed for cell replacement therapies. Given its potential, studies are currently aiming at improving the low efficiency of cell-fate conversion. In recent years, epigenetic mechanisms suggested to promote stable cell-fate memory emerged as factors that cause resistance to cell-fate conversions during nuclear reprogramming. In this review, we highlight the latest work that has characterised epigenetic barriers to reprogramming which, during normal development, help to maintain the stable differentiation status of cells.
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33
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Cai S, Quan S, Yang G, Chen M, Ye Q, Wang G, Yu H, Wang Y, Qiao S, Zeng X. Nutritional Status Impacts Epigenetic Regulation in Early Embryo Development: A Scoping Review. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:1877-1892. [PMID: 33873200 PMCID: PMC8483970 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increasing maternal age and the use of assisted reproductive technology in various countries worldwide, the influence of epigenetic modification on embryonic development is increasingly notable and prominent. Epigenetic modification disorders caused by various nutritional imbalance would cause embryonic development abnormalities and even have an indelible impact on health in adulthood. In this scoping review, we summarize the main epigenetic modifications in mammals and the synergies among different epigenetic modifications, especially DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and histone methylation. We performed an in-depth analysis of the regulation of various epigenetic modifications on mammals from zygote formation to cleavage stage and blastocyst stage, and reviewed the modifications of key sites and their potential molecular mechanisms. In addition, we discuss the effects of nutrition (protein, lipids, and one-carbon metabolism) on epigenetic modification in embryos and emphasize the importance of various nutrients in embryonic development and epigenetics during pregnancy. Failures in epigenetic regulation have been implicated in mammalian and human early embryo loss and disease. With the use of reproductive technologies, it is becoming even more important to establish developmentally competent embryos. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate the extent to which embryos are sensitive to these epigenetic modifications and nutrition status. Understanding the epigenetic regulation of early embryo development will help us make better use of reproductive technologies and nutrition regulation to improve reproductive health in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed Additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed Additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangxin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed Additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Meixia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed Additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qianhong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed Additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed Additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Haitao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed Additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed Additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed Additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Springer C, Wolf E, Simmet K. A New Toolbox in Experimental Embryology-Alternative Model Organisms for Studying Preimplantation Development. J Dev Biol 2021; 9:15. [PMID: 33918361 PMCID: PMC8167745 DOI: 10.3390/jdb9020015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Preimplantation development is well conserved across mammalian species, but major differences in developmental kinetics, regulation of early lineage differentiation and implantation require studies in different model organisms, especially to better understand human development. Large domestic species, such as cattle and pig, resemble human development in many different aspects, i.e., the timing of zygotic genome activation, mechanisms of early lineage differentiations and the period until blastocyst formation. In this article, we give an overview of different assisted reproductive technologies, which are well established in cattle and pig and make them easily accessible to study early embryonic development. We outline the available technologies to create genetically modified models and to modulate lineage differentiation as well as recent methodological developments in genome sequencing and imaging, which form an immense toolbox for research. Finally, we compare the most recent findings in regulation of the first lineage differentiations across species and show how alternative models enhance our understanding of preimplantation development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Springer
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany; (C.S.); (E.W.)
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany; (C.S.); (E.W.)
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Center for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Kilian Simmet
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany; (C.S.); (E.W.)
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Wang L, Liu L, Wang Y, Li N, Zhu H, Chen M, Bai J, Pang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang H. Aberrant Epigenetic Reprogramming in the First Cell Cycle of Bovine Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos. Cell Reprogram 2021; 23:99-107. [PMID: 33861636 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2020.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Zygotic epigenetic reprogramming is the major initial event in embryo development to acquire a totipotent potential. However, the patterns of epigenetic modifications in bovine zygote were not well clarified, especially in the first cell cycle of bovine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. This study was conducted to examine the patterns of DNA methylation (5-methylcytosine [5mc] and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine [5hmc]) and histone H3 lysine 9 methylation (H3K9m2 and H3K9m3) in the first cell cycle of bovine in vitro fertilization (IVF) and SCNT embryos. In bovine zygotic development, the 5mc in the paternal pronucleus (pPN) undergoes partial demethylation from PN1 to PN3, and remethylation from PN4 to PN5, while 5hmc exhibits absolutely different patterns. The 5mc in SCNT embryos underwent much more dramatic demethylation and much earlier de novo methylation compared with their IVF counterparts, while 5hmc stayed stable from PN1 to PN4, and significantly increased at PN5, which made significantly higher level of 5mc and 5hmc at the end of the first cell cycle in SCNT embryos. Different H3K9m2 and H3K9m3 patterns were also observed between IVF and SCNT embryos. H3K9m2 and H3K9m3 asymmetrically distributed in parental genomes in IVF zygote, highly present in the maternal pronucleus, whereas faintly stained in the pPN. H3K9m2 and H3K9m3 in the somatic cell genome were gradually demethylated from PN1-PN4, and significantly increased at the end of the first cell cycle. TET3 dioxygenase was highly present in the first cell cycle of embryos compared with TET1 and TET2. Our results showed that SCNT embryos underwent aberrant epigenetic reprogramming in the first cell cycle; much more dramatic demethylation and significant higher remethylation were observed compared with IVF counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- LiJun Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - LiXiu Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - YongSheng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Nan Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - HongLi Zhu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mei Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jun Bai
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Pang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
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Aguila L, Suzuki J, Hill ABT, García M, de Mattos K, Therrien J, Smith LC. Dysregulated Gene Expression of Imprinted and X-Linked Genes: A Link to Poor Development of Bovine Haploid Androgenetic Embryos. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:640712. [PMID: 33869192 PMCID: PMC8044962 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.640712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian uniparental embryos are efficient models for genome imprinting research and allow studies on the contribution of the paternal and maternal genomes to early embryonic development. In this study, we analyzed different methods for production of bovine haploid androgenetic embryos (hAE) to elucidate the causes behind their poor developmental potential. Results indicate that hAE can be efficiently generated by using intracytoplasmic sperm injection and oocyte enucleation at telophase II. Although androgenetic haploidy does not disturb early development up to around the 8-cell stage, androgenetic development is disturbed after the time of zygote genome activation and hAE that reach the morula stage are less capable to reach the blastocyst stage of development. Karyotypic comparisons to parthenogenetic- and ICSI-derived embryos excluded chromosomal segregation errors as causes of the developmental constraints of hAE. However, analysis of gene expression indicated abnormal levels of transcripts for key long non-coding RNAs involved in X chromosome inactivation and genomic imprinting of the KCNQ1 locus, suggesting an association with X chromosome and some imprinted loci. Moreover, transcript levels of methyltransferase 3B were significantly downregulated, suggesting potential anomalies in hAE establishing de novo methylation. Finally, the methylation status of imprinted control regions for XIST and KCNQ1OT1 genes remained hypomethylated in hAE at the morula and blastocyst stages, confirming their origin from spermatozoa. Thus, our results exclude micromanipulation and chromosomal abnormalities as major factors disturbing the normal development of bovine haploid androgenotes. In addition, although the cause of the arrest remains unclear, we have shown that the inefficient development of haploid androgenetic bovine embryos to develop to the blastocyst stage is associated with abnormal expression of key factors involved in X chromosome activity and genomic imprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lawrence C. Smith
- Département de Biomédecine Vétérinaire, Centre de Recherche en Reproduction Et Fertilité, Université de Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
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Naranjo-Gómez JS, Uribe-García HF, Herrera-Sánchez MP, Lozano-Villegas KJ, Rodríguez-Hernández R, Rondón-Barragán IS. Heat stress on cattle embryo: gene regulation and adaptation. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06570. [PMID: 33869831 PMCID: PMC8035499 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Global warming has been affecting animal husbandry and farming production worldwide via changes in organisms and their habitats. In the tropics, these conditions are adverse for agriculture and animal production in some areas, due to high temperatures and relative humidity, affecting competitiveness related to economic activities. These environments have deteriorated livestock production, due to periods of drought, reduction in forage quality and heat stress, eliciting negative effects on reproduction, weight gain, and reduced meat and milk production. However, the use of animals adapted to tropics such as breeds derived from subspecies Bos primigenius indicus and native breeds from tropical countries or their crossings, is an alternative to improve production under high-temperature conditions. Therefore, physiological adaptation including gene expression induced by heat stress have been studied to understand the response of animals and to improve cross-breeding between cattle breeds to maintain high productivity in adverse weather conditions. Heat stress has been associated with lower reproductive performance in cows, due to the impact on blastocyst production, decreased implantation and increased embryonic death. Thus, for decades, in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer techniques have focused on studying the optimal conditions for production of high-quality embryos to transfer. The aim of this review is to discuss the effects of heat stress in bovine embryos, and their physiological and genetic modulation, focusing on the genes that are related with major adaptability to heat stress conditions and their relationship with different embryonic stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Sebastian Naranjo-Gómez
- Research Group in Immunobiology and Pathogenesis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, University of Tolima, Altos of Santa Helena, A.A 546, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - Heinner Fabián Uribe-García
- Research Group in Immunobiology and Pathogenesis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, University of Tolima, Altos of Santa Helena, A.A 546, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - María Paula Herrera-Sánchez
- Research Group in Immunobiology and Pathogenesis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, University of Tolima, Altos of Santa Helena, A.A 546, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - Kelly Johanna Lozano-Villegas
- Research Group in Immunobiology and Pathogenesis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, University of Tolima, Altos of Santa Helena, A.A 546, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - Roy Rodríguez-Hernández
- Poultry Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, University of Tolima, Altos of Santa Helena, A.A 546, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - Iang Schroniltgen Rondón-Barragán
- Research Group in Immunobiology and Pathogenesis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, University of Tolima, Altos of Santa Helena, A.A 546, Ibagué, Colombia
- Poultry Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, University of Tolima, Altos of Santa Helena, A.A 546, Ibagué, Colombia
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Advance in the Role of Epigenetic Reprogramming in Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer-Mediated Embryonic Development. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:6681337. [PMID: 33628270 PMCID: PMC7880704 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6681337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) enables terminally differentiated somatic cells to gain totipotency. Many species are successfully cloned up to date, including nonhuman primate. With this technology, not only the protection of endangered animals but also human therapeutics is going to be a reality. However, the low efficiency of the SCNT-mediated reprogramming and the defects of extraembryonic tissues as well as abnormalities of cloned individuals limit the application of reproductive cloning on animals. Also, due to the scarcity of human oocytes, low efficiency of blastocyst development and embryonic stem cell line derivation from nuclear transfer embryo (ntESCs), it is far away from the application of this technology on human therapeutics to date. In recent years, multiple epigenetic barriers are reported, which gives us clues to improve reprogramming efficiency. Here, we reviewed the reprogramming process and reprogramming defects of several important epigenetic marks and highlighted epigenetic barriers that may lead to the aberrant reprogramming. Finally, we give our insights into improving the efficiency and quality of SCNT-mediated reprogramming.
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39
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Zhu L, Marjani SL, Jiang Z. The Epigenetics of Gametes and Early Embryos and Potential Long-Range Consequences in Livestock Species-Filling in the Picture With Epigenomic Analyses. Front Genet 2021; 12:557934. [PMID: 33747031 PMCID: PMC7966815 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.557934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The epigenome is dynamic and forged by epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNA species. Increasing lines of evidence support the concept that certain acquired traits are derived from environmental exposure during early embryonic and fetal development, i.e., fetal programming, and can even be "memorized" in the germline as epigenetic information and transmitted to future generations. Advances in technology are now driving the global profiling and precise editing of germline and embryonic epigenomes, thereby improving our understanding of epigenetic regulation and inheritance. These achievements open new avenues for the development of technologies or potential management interventions to counteract adverse conditions or improve performance in livestock species. In this article, we review the epigenetic analyses (DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNAs) of germ cells and embryos in mammalian livestock species (cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs) and the epigenetic determinants of gamete and embryo viability. We also discuss the effects of parental environmental exposures on the epigenetics of gametes and the early embryo, and evidence for transgenerational inheritance in livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linkai Zhu
- AgCenter, School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Sadie L Marjani
- Department of Biology, Central Connecticut State University, New Britain, CT, United States
| | - Zongliang Jiang
- AgCenter, School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
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40
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Manipulating the Epigenome in Nuclear Transfer Cloning: Where, When and How. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010236. [PMID: 33379395 PMCID: PMC7794987 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleus of a differentiated cell can be reprogrammed to a totipotent state by exposure to the cytoplasm of an enucleated oocyte, and the reconstructed nuclear transfer embryo can give rise to an entire organism. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has important implications in animal biotechnology and provides a unique model for studying epigenetic barriers to successful nuclear reprogramming and for testing novel concepts to overcome them. While initial strategies aimed at modulating the global DNA methylation level and states of various histone protein modifications, recent studies use evidence-based approaches to influence specific epigenetic mechanisms in a targeted manner. In this review, we describe-based on the growing number of reports published during recent decades-in detail where, when, and how manipulations of the epigenome of donor cells and reconstructed SCNT embryos can be performed to optimize the process of molecular reprogramming and the outcome of nuclear transfer cloning.
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41
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Chen X, Xing M. Effects of 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine on hormone secretion and epigenetic regulation in sika deer ovarian granulosa cells. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 56:360-369. [PMID: 33254280 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-dC), an inhibitor of DNA methyltransferases, is an effective treatment for various cancers and has improved the development rate of cloned embryos. Previous studies have reported the effect of 5-Aza-dC on fibroblasts; however, the mechanism whereby 5-Aza-dC affects sika deer granulosa cells and hormone secretion is presently unknown. Here, we showed that the cell cycle after treatment with different doses of 5-Aza-dC was significantly altered. The number of cells in the S phase was significantly increased in response to a concentration of 0.1 μM 5-Aza-dC. The rate of apoptosis was increased when cells were treated with 0.1 μM and 5 μM 5-Aza-dC. We showed that the protein level of H3K9me2 was significantly decreased in response to 5-Aza-dC. The activity levels of DNA methyltransferase were reduced by a moderate dose of 5-Aza-dC. Furthermore, the secretion of E2 and P4 was influenced by different doses of 5-Aza-dC. Our study suggested that 5-Aza-dC affected hormone secretion in sika deer granulosa cells through cell development and epigenetic regulation. The findings of this study lay the foundation for further epigenetic studies in sika deer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumin Chen
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Mingjie Xing
- State Key laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology, Changchun, China
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42
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Mulholland CB, Nishiyama A, Ryan J, Nakamura R, Yiğit M, Glück IM, Trummer C, Qin W, Bartoschek MD, Traube FR, Parsa E, Ugur E, Modic M, Acharya A, Stolz P, Ziegenhain C, Wierer M, Enard W, Carell T, Lamb DC, Takeda H, Nakanishi M, Bultmann S, Leonhardt H. Recent evolution of a TET-controlled and DPPA3/STELLA-driven pathway of passive DNA demethylation in mammals. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5972. [PMID: 33235224 PMCID: PMC7686362 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19603-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide DNA demethylation is a unique feature of mammalian development and naïve pluripotent stem cells. Here, we describe a recently evolved pathway in which global hypomethylation is achieved by the coupling of active and passive demethylation. TET activity is required, albeit indirectly, for global demethylation, which mostly occurs at sites devoid of TET binding. Instead, TET-mediated active demethylation is locus-specific and necessary for activating a subset of genes, including the naïve pluripotency and germline marker Dppa3 (Stella, Pgc7). DPPA3 in turn drives large-scale passive demethylation by directly binding and displacing UHRF1 from chromatin, thereby inhibiting maintenance DNA methylation. Although unique to mammals, we show that DPPA3 alone is capable of inducing global DNA demethylation in non-mammalian species (Xenopus and medaka) despite their evolutionary divergence from mammals more than 300 million years ago. Our findings suggest that the evolution of Dppa3 facilitated the emergence of global DNA demethylation in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B Mulholland
- Department of Biology II and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Human Biology and BioImaging, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Atsuya Nishiyama
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Joel Ryan
- Department of Biology II and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Human Biology and BioImaging, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ryohei Nakamura
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Merve Yiğit
- Department of Biology II and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Human Biology and BioImaging, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ivo M Glück
- Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Center for Nanoscience, Nanosystems Initiative Munich and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Carina Trummer
- Department of Biology II and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Human Biology and BioImaging, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Weihua Qin
- Department of Biology II and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Human Biology and BioImaging, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Michael D Bartoschek
- Department of Biology II and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Human Biology and BioImaging, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Franziska R Traube
- Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) at the Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Edris Parsa
- Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) at the Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Enes Ugur
- Department of Biology II and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Human Biology and BioImaging, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Miha Modic
- The Francis Crick Institute and UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Aishwarya Acharya
- Department of Biology II and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Human Biology and BioImaging, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Paul Stolz
- Department of Biology II and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Human Biology and BioImaging, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Christoph Ziegenhain
- Department of Biology II, Anthropology and Human Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Michael Wierer
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Enard
- Department of Biology II, Anthropology and Human Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Thomas Carell
- Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) at the Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Don C Lamb
- Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Center for Nanoscience, Nanosystems Initiative Munich and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hiroyuki Takeda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakanishi
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Sebastian Bultmann
- Department of Biology II and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Human Biology and BioImaging, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Heinrich Leonhardt
- Department of Biology II and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Human Biology and BioImaging, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
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43
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Daigneault BW. Dynamics of paternal contributions to early embryo development in large animals. Biol Reprod 2020; 104:274-281. [PMID: 32997138 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on current knowledge of paternal contributions to preimplantation embryonic development with particular emphasis on large animals. Specifically, the included content aims to summarize genomic and epigenomic contributions of paternally expressed genes, their regulation, and chromatin structure that are indispensable for early embryo development. The accumulation of current knowledge will summarize conserved allelic function among species to include functional molecular and genomic studies across large domestic animals in context with reference to founding experimental models.
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Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Metabolites as Mediators of DNA Methylation Reprogramming in Bovine Preimplantation Embryos. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186868. [PMID: 32962179 PMCID: PMC7558971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In many cell types, epigenetic changes are partially regulated by the availability of metabolites involved in the activity of chromatin-modifying enzymes. Even so, the association between metabolism and the typical epigenetic reprogramming that occurs during preimplantation embryo development remains poorly understood. In this work, we explore the link between energy metabolism, more specifically the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), and epigenetic regulation in bovine preimplantation embryos. Using a morphokinetics model of embryonic development (fast- and slow-developing embryos), we show that DNA methylation (5mC) and hydroxymethylation (5hmC) are dynamically regulated and altered by the speed of the first cleavages. More specifically, slow-developing embryos fail to perform the typical reprogramming that is necessary to ensure the generation of blastocysts with higher ability to establish specific cell lineages. Transcriptome analysis revealed that such differences were mainly associated with enzymes involved in the TCA cycle rather than specific writers/erasers of DNA methylation marks. This relationship was later confirmed by disturbing the embryonic metabolism through changes in α-ketoglutarate or succinate availability in culture media. This was sufficient to interfere with the DNA methylation dynamics despite the fact that blastocyst rates and total cell number were not quite affected. These results provide the first evidence of a relationship between epigenetic reprogramming and energy metabolism in bovine embryos. Likewise, levels of metabolites in culture media may be crucial for precise epigenetic reprogramming, with possible further consequences in the molecular control and differentiation of cells.
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Veraguas D, Aguilera C, Echeverry D, Saez-Ruiz D, Castro FO, Rodriguez-Alvarez L. Embryo aggregation allows the production of kodkod (Leopardus guigna) blastocysts after interspecific SCNT. Theriogenology 2020; 158:148-157. [PMID: 32961350 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The kodkod (Leopardus guigna) is a small felid endemic of Chile and is considered a vulnerable species. Domestic cat oocytes have been successfully used as recipient cytoplast to reprogram somatic cells from different felids by interspecific somatic cell nuclear transfer (iSCNT). The developmental competence of felid embryos generated by iSCNT can be improved by the aggregation method using a zona-free culture system. The objective of this research was to evaluate the developmental competence of kodkod embryos generated by iSCNT using domestic cat oocytes and the aggregation method. For this purpose, five experimental group were done: (1) cat embryos generated by IVF, (2) cat embryos generated by SCNT (Ca1x), (3) aggregated cat embryos generated by SCNT (Ca2x), (4) kodkod embryos generated by iSCNT (K1x) and (5) aggregated kodkod embryos generated by iSCNT (K2x). Cleavage, morulae and blastocyst rates were estimated. The blastocyst diameter was evaluated. The gene expression level of pluripotency (OCT4, SOX2 and NANOG) and differentiation markers (CDX2 and GATA6) was analyzed in blastocysts. Morulae rate was higher in the IVF group and when cloned embryos were cultured in aggregates (IVF: 68.2%, Ca2x: 58.0% and K2x: 62.4%) compared to individually cultured kodkod embryos (K1x: 37.0%) (P < 0.05). Embryo aggregation increased blastocysts formation in the Ca2x group (30.9%) to a similar rate compared to the IVF group (44.5%) (P > 0.05). No blastocysts were generated in the K1x group, whereas blastocysts formation was obtained in K2x group (5.9%). The diameter of blastocysts from the K2x group (172.8 μm) was significantly lower than blastocysts from the Ca2x group (P < 0.05). The relative expression of OCT4 was lower in blastocysts from Ca1x than in blastocysts from IVF (P < 0.05). Furthermore, CDX2 expression was lower in blastocysts from Ca2x than in blastocysts from Ca1x and IVF groups (P < 0.05). In kodkod embryos, only one blastocyst from the K2x group expressed OCT4. No expression of SOX2, NANOG, CDX2 and GATA6 was detected in kodkod blastocysts. In conclusion, after iSCNT, domestic cat oocytes support the development of kodkod embryos until the morula stage. The aggregation method increases the morulae rate of kodkod cloned embryos and allows blastocysts formation. However, kodkod blastocysts have a poor morphological quality and a lacking expression of pluripotency and differentiation markers, probably caused by an incomplete nuclear reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Veraguas
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Chillán, Chile
| | - Constanza Aguilera
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Chillán, Chile
| | - Diana Echeverry
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Chillán, Chile
| | - Darling Saez-Ruiz
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Chillán, Chile
| | - Fidel Ovidio Castro
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Chillán, Chile
| | - Lleretny Rodriguez-Alvarez
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Chillán, Chile.
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Cao P, Li H, Zuo Y, Nashun B. Characterization of DNA Methylation Patterns and Mining of Epigenetic Markers During Genomic Reprogramming in SCNT Embryos. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:570107. [PMID: 32984351 PMCID: PMC7492385 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.570107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), also known as somatic cell cloning, is a commonly used technique to study epigenetic reprogramming. Although SCNT has the advantages of being safe and able to obtain pluripotent cells, early developmental arrest happens in most SCNT embryos. Overcoming epigenetic barriers is currently the primary strategy for improving reprogramming efficiency and improving developmental rate in SCNT embryos. In this study, we analyzed DNA methylation profiles of in vivo fertilized embryos and SCNT embryos with different developmental fates. Overall DNA methylation level was higher in SCNT embryos during global de-methylation process compared to in vivo fertilized embryos. In addition, promoter region, first intron and 3′UTR were found to be the major genomic regions that were hyper-methylated in SCNT embryos. Surprisingly, we found the length of re-methylated region was directly related to the change of methylation level. Furthermore, a number of genes including Dppa2 and Dppa4 which are important for early zygotic genome activation (ZGA) were not properly activated in SCNT embryos. This study comprehensively analyzed genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in SCNT embryos and provided candidate target genes for improving efficiency of genomic reprogramming in SCNT embryos. Since SCNT technology has been widely used in agricultural and pastoral production, protection of endangered animals, and therapeutic cloning, the findings of this study have significant importance for all these fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengbo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Hanshuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yongchun Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Buhe Nashun
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
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Song SH, Oh SH, Xu L, Lee KL, Hwang JY, Joo MD, Kong IK. Effect of Additional Cytoplasm of Cloned Embryo on In Vitro Developmental Competence and Reprogramming Efficiency in Mice. Cell Reprogram 2020; 22:236-243. [PMID: 32833512 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2020.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is an important technique for biological science research. Cytoplasm injection cloning technology (CICT) was developed to improve the reprogramming efficiency as well as to overcome the limitations of SCNT. CICT uses an additional cytoplasm fused with an enucleated oocyte to restore the cytoplasmic volume of the cloned embryo, and this method could improve the reprogramming efficiency of the cloned embryo. In this study, we show that CICT can be adapted to mouse species to overcome the inefficiency of the SCNT method. In this study, results indicate that the two-cell embryo and blastocyst rates of cloned embryos with the use of the CICT method were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of the SCNT method (96.6% ± 1.1% vs. 86.7% ± 6.0%, 29.5% ± 2.6% vs. 22.1% ± 3.0%, respectively). Furthermore, the apoptotic cell number per blastocyst was significantly lower in the CICT group than that in the SCNT group (1.7 ± 0.2 vs. 2.9 ± 0.3, p < 0.05). Moreover, the acH3K9/K14 expression level in the CICT group was greater than that of the SCNT group (p < 0.05), and the relative acH3K56 level in the CICT group was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than that in the SCNT group. These results indicate that CICT helps improve the in vitro developmental competence and quality of cloned embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Hwan Song
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.,The King Kong Corp., Ltd., Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Hwa Oh
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Lianguang Xu
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ji-Yoon Hwang
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-Don Joo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Keun Kong
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.,The King Kong Corp., Ltd., Jinju, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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Milazzotto MP, de Lima CB, da Fonseca AM, dos Santos EC, Ispada J. Erasing gametes to write blastocysts: metabolism as the new player in epigenetic reprogramming. Anim Reprod 2020; 17:e20200015. [PMID: 33029209 PMCID: PMC7534565 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2020-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding preimplantation embryonic development is crucial for the improvement of assisted reproductive technologies and animal production. To achieve this goal, it is important to consider that gametes and embryos are highly susceptible to environmental changes. Beyond the metabolic adaptation, the dynamic status imposed during follicular growth and early embryogenesis may create marks that will guide the molecular regulation during prenatal development, and consequently impact the offspring phenotype. In this context, metaboloepigenetics has gained attention, as it investigates the crosstalk between metabolism and molecular control, i.e., how substrates generated by metabolic pathways may also act as players of epigenetic modifications. In this review, we present the main metabolic and epigenetic events of pre-implantation development, and how these systems connect to open possibilities for targeted manipulation of reproductive technologies and animal production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Pecora Milazzotto
- Laboratório de Epigenética e Metabolismo Embrionário, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brasil
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Camila Bruna de Lima
- Laboratório de Epigenética e Metabolismo Embrionário, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brasil
- Département des Sciences Animales, Centre de Recherche en Reproduction, Développement et Santé Intergénérationnelle, Faculté des Sciences de l’Agriculture et de l’Alimentation, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aldcejam Martins da Fonseca
- Laboratório de Epigenética e Metabolismo Embrionário, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brasil
| | - Erika Cristina dos Santos
- Laboratório de Epigenética e Metabolismo Embrionário, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brasil
| | - Jessica Ispada
- Laboratório de Epigenética e Metabolismo Embrionário, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brasil
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Shyam S, Goel P, Kumar D, Malpotra S, Singh MK, Lathwal SS, Chand S, Palta P. Effect of Dickkopf-1 and colony stimulating factor-2 on the developmental competence, quality, gene expression and live birth rate of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) embryos produced by hand-made cloning. Theriogenology 2020; 157:254-262. [PMID: 32823021 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A functional canonical WNT signaling pathway exists in preimplantation embryos and inhibits embryonic development. Recent studies suggest that this pathway is over-expressed in nuclear transferred (NT), compared to IVF embryos. The present study investigated the effects of Dickkopf-1 (DKK1), an inhibitor of canonical WNT signaling pathway and colony stimulating factor-2 (CSF2), an embryokine, on the developmental competence, quality, gene expression and live birth rate of NT buffalo embryos produced by Hand-made cloning (HMC). Following supplementation of the in vitro culture medium on day 5 with DKK1 (100 ng/mL), CSF2 (10 ng/mL), DKK1+CSF2 or no supplementation (control), the blastocyst rate was higher (P < 0.05) with DKK1 and DKK1+CSF2 (42.6 ± 1.4% and 46.6 ± 0.9%, respectively) than with CSF2 or controls (40.6 ± 1.3% and 39.0 ± 1.3%, respectively). The apoptotic index of the blastocysts was lower (P < 0.05) for DKK1, CSF2 and DKK1+CSF2 groups (3.44 ± 0.14, 3.39 ± 0.11 and 3.11 ± 0.22, respectively) compared to controls (6.64 ± 0.25), and was similar to that of the IVF blastocysts (3.67 ± 0.18). Although the total cell number was similar for the DKK1, CSF2, DKK1+CSF2 and control groups (200.4 ± 3.05, 196.4 ± 3.73, 204.7 ± 3.71 and 205 ± 4.03, respectively), the inner cell mass:trophectoderm cell number ratio of DKK1, CSF2 and DKK1+CSF2 groups (0.21 ± 0.01, 0.17 ± 0.01 and 0.22 ± 0.02, respectively) was higher (P < 0.05) than controls (0.13 ± 0.01) and was similar to that of IVF blastocysts (0.19 ± 0.01). Treatment with DKK1 or CSF2 or both increased (P < 0.05) the expression level of OCT4, NANOG,SOX2, GATA6, BCL2, PTEN, P53, FGF4, GLUT1 and IFN-τ, and decreased that of C-MYC, CDX2, CASPASE, DNMT3a, TCF7 and LEF1 in blastocysts, compared to controls. Transfer of DKK1-treated embryos to 13 recipients resulted in 4 pregnancies (30.8%; 2 live births, one abortion and one currently at 9 months of pregnancy) whereas, transfer of DKK1+CSF2-treated embryos to 16 recipients, resulted in 4 pregnancies (25.0%), all of which resulted in live births. No pregnancy was obtained after transfer of control and CSF-treated embryos to 12 and 16 recipients, respectively. These results suggest that DKK1 treatment of NT embryos increases the blastocyst, conception and live birth rate, and improves their quality whereas, CSF2 treatment, does not affect the blastocyst, conception and live birth rate despite improvement in embryo quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shyam
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - P Goel
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - D Kumar
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - S Malpotra
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - M K Singh
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - S S Lathwal
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - S Chand
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - P Palta
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India.
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Abstract
Mammalian fertilization begins with the fusion of two specialized gametes, followed by major epigenetic remodeling leading to the formation of a totipotent embryo. During the development of the pre-implantation embryo, precise reprogramming progress is a prerequisite for avoiding developmental defects or embryonic lethality, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. For the past few years, unprecedented breakthroughs have been made in mapping the regulatory network of dynamic epigenomes during mammalian early embryo development, taking advantage of multiple advances and innovations in low-input genome-wide chromatin analysis technologies. The aim of this review is to highlight the most recent progress in understanding the mechanisms of epigenetic remodeling during early embryogenesis in mammals, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin accessibility and 3D chromatin organization.
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