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Soloviev A, Kozlowsky V, Sydorenko V, Ivanova I, Samofalova D, Fetyukhin V. Citrulline activates adenosine receptors: New insight into metabolic pathways interaction. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 229:116462. [PMID: 39102990 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Citrulline is a non-proteinogenic amino acid that forms as by-product in nitric oxide (NO) synthesis from arginine and may act in concert with NO as an independent signaling molecule that involves in the mechanism of vascular smooth muscle vasodilation. In this study we examined the effects of citrulline on pulmonary artery smooth muscles. Experimental design comprised outward potassium currents measurements in enzymatically isolated rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle (PASMc) cells using whole-cell patch clamp technique, isometric contractile force recordings on rat pulmonary artery rings and method of molecular docking simulation. Citrulline in a concentration 10-9-10-5 M relaxed phenylephrine (PHE)-preactivated SM of rat pulmonary artery in a dose-dependent manner (EC50 0,67 μM). This citrulline-induced relaxation was dependent on an intact endothelium. Bath application of citrulline (10-8-10-5 M) on isolated PASMc induced a significant increase in the amplitude of outward potassium current (Ik). The adenosine antagonist caffeine (10-6 M) effectively blocked both the citrulline-induced relaxation response and Ik increment. Molecular docking modeling suggests that caffeine blocking the potent activity of citrulline results from competitive interactions at the A2 adenosine receptor binding site. In summary, our data suggest that citrulline, released with NO at low concentrations, can effectively interact with adenosine receptors in smooth muscle cells, causing their relaxation, indicating surprising interaction between NO and adenosine pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly Soloviev
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Academy of Medical Sciences, Kyiv 03057 Ukraine.
| | | | - Vadym Sydorenko
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Academy of Medical Sciences, Kyiv 03057 Ukraine
| | - Irina Ivanova
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Academy of Medical Sciences, Kyiv 03057 Ukraine
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Daoud HAS, Kokoti L, Al-Karagholi MAM. K ATP channels in cerebral hemodynamics: a systematic review of preclinical and clinical studies. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1417421. [PMID: 39022739 PMCID: PMC11252034 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1417421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cumulative evidence suggests that ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels act as a key regulator of cerebral blood flow (CBF). This implication seems to be complicated, since KATP channels are expressed in several vascular-related structures such as smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells and pericytes. In this systematic review, we searched PubMed and EMBASE for preclinical and clinical studies addressing the involvement of KATP channels in CBF regulation. A total of 216 studies were screened by title and abstract. Of these, 45 preclinical and 6 clinical studies were included. Preclinical data showed that KATP channel openers (KCOs) caused dilation of several cerebral arteries including pial arteries, the middle cerebral artery and basilar artery, and KATP channel inhibitor (KCI) glibenclamide, reversed the dilation. Glibenclamide affected neither the baseline CBF nor the baseline vascular tone. Endothelium removal from cerebral arterioles resulted in an impaired response to KCO/KCI. Clinical studies showed that KCOs dilated cerebral arteries and increased CBF, however, glibenclamide failed to attenuate these vascular changes. Endothelial KATP channels played a major role in CBF regulation. More studies investigating the role of KATP channels in CBF-related structures are needed to further elucidate their actual role in cerebral hemodynamics in humans. Systematic review registration: Prospero: CRD42023339278 (preclinical data) and CRD42022339152 (clinical data).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Ali Suleiman Daoud
- Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Copenhagen University Hospital- Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lili Kokoti
- Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Copenhagen University Hospital- Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mohammad Al-Mahdi Al-Karagholi
- Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Copenhagen University Hospital- Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Neurology, Nordsjaellands Hospital- Hilleroed, Hilleroed, Denmark
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3
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Lin S, Landon B, Zhang H, Jin K. Pericyte Dysfunction Contributes to Vascular Cognitive Impairment Induced by Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion in Rats. Aging Dis 2024; 15:1357-1372. [PMID: 37611900 PMCID: PMC11081149 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0821-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) encompasses cognitive disorders associated with cerebrovascular disease, often manifesting as white matter lesions (WMLs), irrespective of precise triggers. The integrity of white matter is essential for neural communication and cognitive function maintenance. Persistent cerebral hypoperfusion-induced WMLs are now acknowledged as a key driver of VCI and dementia, though their exact formation mechanism remains unclear. Recent studies link pericyte dysfunction to diverse brain disorders like Alzheimer disease. However, the exact pathological connection between pericyte dysfunction and cognitive impairment in VCI remains unexplored. In this study, we aimed to examine whether pericyte dysfunction could impact WMLs and cognitive impairment in a rat VCI model. Using a rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced VCI through two-vessel occlusion (2VO), we verified that 2VO induced both WMLs and cognitive impairment. Notably, the number of pericytes in the brain was significantly altered after 2VO. Furthermore, we observed significantly increased capillary constrictions at pericyte bodies in the brains of 2VO-induced rats compared to sham-operated rats, accompanied by reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF). To tackle this issue, we administered CGS21680, a specific adenosine A2A subtype receptor agonist, intranasally twice a day for 7 days. We found that rats treated with CGS21680 exhibited a significant increase in CBF at 7 and 14 days after 2VO, compared to the vehicle group. Moreover, capillary lumens beneath pericytes also increased after the CGS21680 treatment. Importantly, the treatment led to substantial improvements in WMLs and cognitive impairment compared to the vehicle group. Our findings suggest a critical role of pericyte dysfunction in WMLs and cognitive impairment within the rat VCI model. This insight contributes to our understanding of pathogenesis and offers prospects for targeted intervention in VCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Lin
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA.
| | - Benjamin Landon
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA.
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Kunlin Jin
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA.
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Lin KS, Kurnick A, Goel R, Gorbut I, Friedman A, Schrem E, McFarlane SI, Bukharovich I. Myocardial Bridging of Mid-left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD) Presenting As Transient Left Bundle Branch Block During Nuclear Stress Test. Cureus 2024; 16:e54654. [PMID: 38523980 PMCID: PMC10959828 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Transient left bundle branch block occurring during a nuclear stress test in the setting of myocardial bridging is a relatively rare finding. We report a case of a 75-year-old male who presented with typical stable angina. Serial troponins were negative, and the electrocardiogram revealed normal sinus rhythm with left ventricular hypertrophy and T-wave inversions in the lateral leads. The nuclear stress test was non-ischemic but showed a transient left bundle branch block associated with chest pain and shortness of breath that occurred right after the administration of regadenoson. Coronary angiography revealed non-obstructive coronary artery disease and a mid-LAD myocardial bridge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Shiang Lin
- Internal Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA
| | - Adam Kurnick
- Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, USA
| | - Ridhima Goel
- Internal Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA
| | - Igal Gorbut
- Internal Medicine, Saba University School of Medicine, Saba, NLD
| | - Adam Friedman
- Cardiology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA
| | - Ezra Schrem
- Cardiology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA
| | - Samy I McFarlane
- Internal Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA
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Maslov LN, Popov SV, Naryzhnaya NV, Mukhomedzyanov AV, Kurbatov BK, Derkachev IA, Boshchenko AA, Prasad NR, Ma H, Zhang Y, Sufianova GZ, Fu F, Pei JM. K ATP channels are regulators of programmed cell death and targets for the creation of novel drugs against ischemia/reperfusion cardiac injury. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:1020-1049. [PMID: 37218378 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is associated with a mortality rate of 5%-7%. It is clear that there is an urgent need to develop new drugs that can effectively prevent cardiac reperfusion injury. ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP ) channel openers (KCOs) can be classified as such drugs. RESULTS KCOs prevent irreversible ischemia and reperfusion injury of the heart. KATP channel opening promotes inhibition of apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and stimulation of autophagy. KCOs prevent the development of cardiac adverse remodeling and improve cardiac contractility in reperfusion. KCOs exhibit antiarrhythmic properties and prevent the appearance of the no-reflow phenomenon in animals with coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion. Diabetes mellitus and a cholesterol-enriched diet abolish the cardioprotective effect of KCOs. Nicorandil, a KCO, attenuates major adverse cardiovascular event and the no-reflow phenomenon, reduces infarct size, and decreases the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with acute myocardial infarction. CONCLUSION The cardioprotective effect of KCOs is mediated by the opening of mitochondrial KATP (mitoKATP ) and sarcolemmal KATP (sarcKATP ) channels, triggered free radicals' production, and kinase activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid N Maslov
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Sergey V Popov
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Natalia V Naryzhnaya
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alexandr V Mukhomedzyanov
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Boris K Kurbatov
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Ivan A Derkachev
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alla A Boshchenko
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - N Rajendra Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, India
| | - Huijie Ma
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Galina Z Sufianova
- Department of Pharmacology, Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Russia
| | - Feng Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian-Ming Pei
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Abstract
Pericytes, attached to the surface of capillaries, play an important role in regulating local blood flow. Using optogenetic tools and genetically encoded reporters in conjunction with confocal and multiphoton imaging techniques, the 3D structure, anatomical organization, and physiology of pericytes have recently been the subject of detailed examination. This work has revealed novel functions of pericytes and morphological features such as tunneling nanotubes in brain and tunneling microtubes in heart. Here, we discuss the state of our current understanding of the roles of pericytes in blood flow control in brain and heart, where functions may differ due to the distinct spatiotemporal metabolic requirements of these tissues. We also outline the novel concept of electro-metabolic signaling, a universal mechanistic framework that links tissue metabolic state with blood flow regulation by pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells, with capillary KATP and Kir2.1 channels as primary sensors. Finally, we present major unresolved questions and outline how they can be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Longden
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; ,
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Interactions, Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Guiling Zhao
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; ,
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ashwini Hariharan
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; ,
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Interactions, Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - W Jonathan Lederer
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; ,
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Ali MD, Gayasuddin Qur F, Alam MS, M Alotaibi N, Mujtaba MA. Global Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Current Therapeutic Novelties in Migraine Therapy and their Prevention: A Narrative Review. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:3295-3311. [PMID: 38270151 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128266227231205114320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current article reviews the latest information on epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, recent advancements in clinical management, current therapeutic novelties, and the prevention of migraines. In a narrative review, all studies as per developed MeSH terms published until February 2023, excluding those irrelevant, were identified through a PubMed literature search. METHODS Overall, migraine affects more than a billion people annually and is one of the most common neurological illnesses. A wide range of comorbidities is associated with migraines, including stress and sleep disturbances. To lower the worldwide burden of migraine, comprehensive efforts are required to develop and enhance migraine treatment, which is supported by informed healthcare policy. Numerous migraine therapies have been successful, but not all patients benefit from them. RESULTS CGRP pathway-targeted therapy demonstrates the importance of translating mechanistic understanding into effective treatment. In this review, we discuss clinical features, diagnosis, and recently approved drugs, as well as a number of potential therapeutic targets, including pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), adenosine, opioid receptors, potassium channels, transient receptor potential ion channels (TRP), and acid-sensing ion channels (ASIC). CONCLUSION In addition to providing more treatment options for improved clinical care, a better understanding of these mechanisms facilitates the discovery of novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Daud Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Abdulrazaq Bin Hammam Street, Al Safa, Dammam 34222, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fehmida Gayasuddin Qur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Princess Royal Maternity Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Md Sarfaraz Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, HIMT College of Pharmacy, Rajpura 8, Institutional Area, Knowledge Park I, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201301, India
| | - Nawaf M Alotaibi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha Campus, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Ali Mujtaba
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha Campus, Arar, Saudi Arabia
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Tsentsevitsky AN, Gafurova CR, Petrov AM. KATP channels as ROS-dependent modulator of neurotransmitter release at the neuromuscular junctions. Life Sci 2022; 310:121120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Plasma A 2AR Measurement Can Help Physicians Identify Patients Suspected of Coronary Chronic Syndrome: A Pilot Study. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081849. [PMID: 36009396 PMCID: PMC9405059 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The evaluation of suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) in the medical community is challenging. Patients with suspected coronary chronic syndrome (CCS) are referred by the medical community to be assessed by specialists for the performance of noninvasive tests that have high rates of false positives and false negatives. While troponins are the gold standard for evaluate myocardial injuries, there is no biomarker to assess myocardial ischemia in patient populations with negative electrocardiography or without an increase in troponin level. A2A adenosine receptors control the coronary blood flow through its vasodilating properties. It has been shown that patients with CAD have a lower A2AR expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cells, suggesting a link between A2AR production and the severity of CAD. Herein, we present a new and innovative method of inhibition ELISA for A2AR in the plasma of patients who permit the evaluation of the amount of soluble A2AR. For this analysis, the total study sample was 54, including 31 patients with CAD with stenosis > 50% and a significant fractional flow reserve (FFR < 0.8) (Group 1) and 23 patients with normal or non-obstructive coronary arteries (stenosis < 50% and nonsignificant FFR > 0.8) (Group 2). The % inhibition (which is linked to the presence of soluble receptors) with the plasma of patients with FFR < 0.8 was significantly lower than that of patients with FFR > 0.8 (median [range]: 68% [20.7−86.9] vs. 83% [67−88.4]; p < 0.001). The ROC curve indicated a good sensitivity/specificity ratio with a cut off of 72.5% and an area under the curve of 0.87. In conclusion, a rapid ELISA to assess soluble A2AR in the plasma shows promise to screen patients suspected of having CAD.
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10
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Functional role of adenosine via K ATP channels in cerebral capillary endothelial cells and pericytes. Purinergic Signal 2022; 18:249-251. [PMID: 35648360 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-022-09872-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Adenosine, Adenosine Receptors and Neurohumoral Syncope: From Molecular Basis to Personalized Treatment. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051127. [PMID: 35625864 PMCID: PMC9138351 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine is a ubiquitous nucleoside that is implicated in the occurrence of clinical manifestations of neuro-humoral syncope (NHS). NHS is characterized by a drop in blood pressure due to vasodepression together with cardio inhibition. These manifestations are often preceded by prodromes such as headaches, abdominal pain, feeling of discomfort or sweating. There is evidence that adenosine is implicated in NHS. Adenosine acts via four subtypes of receptors, named A1 (A1R), A2A (A2AR), A2B (A2BR) and A3 (A3R) receptors, with all subtypes belonging to G protein membrane receptors. The main effects of adenosine on the cardiovascular system occurs via the modulation of potassium ion channels (IK Ado, K ATP), voltage-gate calcium channels and via cAMP production inhibition (A1R and A3R) or, conversely, through the increased production of cAMP (A2A/BR) in target cells. However, it turns out that adenosine, via the activation of A1R, leads to bradycardia, sinus arrest or atrioventricular block, while the activation of A2AR leads to vasodilation; these same manifestations are found during episodes of syncope. The use of adenosine receptor antagonists, such as theophylline or caffeine, should be useful in the treatment of some forms of NHS. The aim of this review was to summarize the main data regarding the link between the adenosinergic system and NHS and the possible consequences on NHS treatment by means of adenosine receptor antagonists.
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Sancho M, Klug NR, Mughal A, Koide M, Huerta de la Cruz S, Heppner TJ, Bonev AD, Hill-Eubanks D, Nelson MT. Adenosine signaling activates ATP-sensitive K + channels in endothelial cells and pericytes in CNS capillaries. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eabl5405. [PMID: 35349300 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abl5405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The dense network of capillaries composed of capillary endothelial cells (cECs) and pericytes lies in close proximity to all neurons, ideally positioning it to sense neuron- and glial-derived compounds that enhance regional and global cerebral perfusion. The membrane potential (VM) of vascular cells serves as the physiological bridge that translates brain activity into vascular function. In other beds, the ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channel regulates VM in vascular smooth muscle, which is absent in the capillary network. Here, with transgenic mice that expressed a dominant-negative mutant of the pore-forming Kir6.1 subunit specifically in brain cECs or pericytes, we demonstrated that KATP channels were present in both cell types and robustly controlled VM. We further showed that the signaling nucleotide adenosine acted through A2A receptors and the Gαs/cAMP/PKA pathway to activate capillary KATP channels. Moreover, KATP channel stimulation in vivo increased cerebral blood flow (CBF), an effect that was blunted by expression of the dominant-negative Kir6.1 mutant in either capillary cell type. These findings establish an important role for KATP channels in cECs and pericytes in the regulation of CBF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sancho
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405-0068, USA
| | - Nicholas R Klug
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405-0068, USA
| | - Amreen Mughal
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405-0068, USA
| | - Masayo Koide
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405-0068, USA.,Vermont Center for Cardiovascular and Brain Health, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405-0068, USA
| | | | - Thomas J Heppner
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405-0068, USA
| | - Adrian D Bonev
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405-0068, USA
| | - David Hill-Eubanks
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405-0068, USA
| | - Mark T Nelson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405-0068, USA.,Vermont Center for Cardiovascular and Brain Health, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405-0068, USA.,Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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13
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Thuraiaiyah J, Kokoti L, Al-Karagholi MAM, Ashina M. Involvement of adenosine signaling pathway in migraine pathophysiology: A systematic review of clinical studies. Cephalalgia 2022; 42:781-792. [PMID: 35301855 DOI: 10.1177/03331024221077665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review clinical studies investigating the involvement of adenosine and its receptors in migraine pathophysiology. BACKGROUND Adenosine is a purinergic signaling molecule, clinically used in cardiac imaging during stress tests. Headache is a frequent adverse event after intravenous adenosine administration. Migraine headache relief is reported after intake of adenosine receptor antagonist, caffeine. These findings suggest a possible involvement of adenosine signaling in migraine pathophysiology and its potential as a drug target. METHODS A search through PubMed and EMBASE was undertaken for clinical studies investigating the role of adenosine and its receptors in migraine, published until September 2021. RESULTS A total of 2510 studies were screened by title and abstract. Of these, seven clinical studies were included. The main findings were that adenosine infusion induced headache, and plasma adenosine levels were elevated during ictal compared to interictal periods in migraine patients. CONCLUSION The present systematic review emphasizes a potentially important role of adenosine signaling in migraine pathogenesis. Further randomized and placebo-controlled clinical investigations applying adenosine receptors modulators in migraine patients are needed to further understand the adenosine involvement in migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janu Thuraiaiyah
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet- Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lili Kokoti
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet- Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mohammad Al-Mahdi Al-Karagholi
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet- Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Messoud Ashina
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet- Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Headache Knowledge Center, Rigshospitalet - Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
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14
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K ATP channels and NO dilate redundantly intramuscular arterioles during electrical stimulation of the skeletal muscle in mice. Pflugers Arch 2021; 473:1795-1806. [PMID: 34386847 PMCID: PMC8528760 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02607-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Functional hyperemia is fundamental to provide enhanced oxygen delivery during exercise in skeletal muscle. Different mechanisms are suggested to contribute, mediators from skeletal muscle, transmitter spillover from the neuromuscular synapse as well as endothelium-related dilators. We hypothesized that redundant mechanisms that invoke adenosine, endothelial autacoids, and KATP channels mediate the dilation of intramuscular arterioles in mice. Arterioles (maximal diameter: 20–42 µm, n = 65) were studied in the cremaster by intravital microscopy during electrical stimulation of the motor nerve to induce twitch or tetanic skeletal muscle contractions (10 or 100 Hz). Stimulation for 1–60 s dilated arterioles rapidly up to 65% of dilator capacity. Blockade of nicotinergic receptors blocked muscle contraction and arteriolar dilation. Exclusive blockade of adenosine receptors (1,3-dipropyl-8-(p-sulfophenyl)xanthine) or of NO and prostaglandins (nitro-L-arginine and indomethacin, LN + Indo) exerted only a minor attenuation. Combination of these blockers, however, reduced the dilation by roughly one-third during longer stimulation periods (> 1 s at 100 Hz). Blockade of KATP channels (glibenclamide) which strongly reduced adenosine-induced dilation reduced responses upon electrical stimulation only moderately. The attenuation was strongly enhanced if glibenclamide was combined with LN + Indo and even observed during brief stimulation. LN was more efficient than indomethacin to abrogate dilations if combined with glibenclamide. Arteriolar dilations induced by electrical stimulation of motor nerves require muscular contractions and are not elicited by acetylcholine spillover from neuromuscular synapses. The dilations are mediated by redundant mechanisms, mainly activation of KATP channels and release of NO. The contribution of K+ channels and hyperpolarization sets the stage for ascending dilations that are crucial for a coordinated response in the network.
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Guieu R, Brignole M, Deharo JC, Deharo P, Mottola G, Groppelli A, Paganelli F, Ruf J. Adenosine Receptor Reserve and Long-Term Potentiation: Unconventional Adaptive Mechanisms in Cardiovascular Diseases? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147584. [PMID: 34299203 PMCID: PMC8303608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
While the concept of a receptor reserve (spare receptors) is old, their presence on human cells as an adaptive mechanism in cardiovascular disease is a new suggestion. The presence of spare receptors is suspected when the activation of a weak fraction of receptors leads to maximal biological effects, in other words, when the half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) for a biological effect (cAMP production, for example) is lower than the affinity (KD) of the ligand for a receptor. Adenosine is an ATP derivative that strongly impacts the cardiovascular system via its four membrane receptors, named A1R, A2AR, A2BR, and A3R, with the A1R being more particularly involved in heart rhythm, while the A2AR controls vasodilation. After a general description of the tools necessary to explore the presence of spare receptors, this review focuses on the consequences of the presence of spare adenosine receptors in cardiovascular physiopathology. Finally, the role of the adenosinergic system in the long-term potentiation and its possible consequences on the physiopathology are also mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Régis Guieu
- Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition Research, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France; (J.C.D.); (P.D.); (G.M.); (F.P.); (J.R.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Assistance Publique des Hopitaux, 13005 Marseille, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-491-385-650
| | - Michele Brignole
- IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Ospedale San Luca, 13000 Milan, Italy;
| | - Jean Claude Deharo
- Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition Research, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France; (J.C.D.); (P.D.); (G.M.); (F.P.); (J.R.)
- Department of Cardiology, CHU Timone, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Pierre Deharo
- Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition Research, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France; (J.C.D.); (P.D.); (G.M.); (F.P.); (J.R.)
- Department of Cardiology, CHU Timone, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Giovanna Mottola
- Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition Research, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France; (J.C.D.); (P.D.); (G.M.); (F.P.); (J.R.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Assistance Publique des Hopitaux, 13005 Marseille, France
| | | | - Franck Paganelli
- Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition Research, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France; (J.C.D.); (P.D.); (G.M.); (F.P.); (J.R.)
- Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, Faint & Fall Programme, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, 13000 Milan, Italy
| | - Jean Ruf
- Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition Research, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France; (J.C.D.); (P.D.); (G.M.); (F.P.); (J.R.)
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16
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Brignole M, Groppelli A, Brambilla R, Caldara GL, Torresani E, Parati G, Solari D, Ungar A, Rafanelli M, Deharo JC, Marlinge M, Chefrour M, Guieu R. Plasma adenosine and neurally mediated syncope: ready for clinical use. Europace 2021; 22:847-853. [PMID: 32449908 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euaa070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Either central or peripheral baroreceptor reflex abnormalities and/or alterations in neurohumoral mechanisms play a pivotal role in the genesis of neurally mediated syncope. Thus, improving our knowledge of the biochemical mechanisms underlying specific forms of neurally mediated syncope (more properly termed 'neurohumoral syncope') might allow the development of new therapies that are effective in this specific subgroup. A low-adenosine phenotype of neurohumoral syncope has recently been identified. Patients who suffer syncope without prodromes and have a normal heart display a purinergic profile which is the opposite of that observed in vasovagal syncope patients and is characterized by very low-adenosine plasma level values, low expression of A2A receptors and the predominance of the TC variant in the single nucleotide c.1364 C>T polymorphism of the A2A receptor gene. The typical mechanism of syncope is an idiopathic paroxysmal atrioventricular block or sinus bradycardia, most often followed by sinus arrest. Since patients with low plasma adenosine levels are highly susceptible to endogenous adenosine, chronic treatment of these patients with theophylline, a non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist, is expected to prevent syncopal recurrences. This hypothesis is supported by results from series of cases and from observational controlled studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Brignole
- Department of cardiovascualr, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Faint & Fall Programme, Ospedale San Luca, Piazzale Brescia 20, 20149 Milano, Italy.,Department of Cardiology, Arrhythmology Centre and Syncope Unit, Ospedali del Tigullio, Lavagna, Italy
| | - Antonella Groppelli
- Department of cardiovascualr, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Faint & Fall Programme, Ospedale San Luca, Piazzale Brescia 20, 20149 Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Brambilla
- Department of cardiovascualr, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Faint & Fall Programme, Ospedale San Luca, Piazzale Brescia 20, 20149 Milano, Italy
| | - Gianluca L Caldara
- Department of cardiovascualr, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Faint & Fall Programme, Ospedale San Luca, Piazzale Brescia 20, 20149 Milano, Italy
| | - Erminio Torresani
- Department of cardiovascualr, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Faint & Fall Programme, Ospedale San Luca, Piazzale Brescia 20, 20149 Milano, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Parati
- Department of cardiovascualr, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Faint & Fall Programme, Ospedale San Luca, Piazzale Brescia 20, 20149 Milano, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Diana Solari
- Department of Cardiology, Arrhythmology Centre and Syncope Unit, Ospedali del Tigullio, Lavagna, Italy
| | - Andrea Ungar
- Division of Geriatrics and Intensive Care Unit, Syncope Unit, University of Florence and Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Martina Rafanelli
- Division of Geriatrics and Intensive Care Unit, Syncope Unit, University of Florence and Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Marion Marlinge
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | | | - Regis Guieu
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France.,C2VN INSERM, INRAE, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
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17
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Dubina MV, Gomonova VV, Taraskina AE, Vasilyeva NV, Sayganov SA. Pathogenesis-based preexposure prophylaxis associated with a low risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers at a designated COVID-19 hospital: a pilot study. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:536. [PMID: 34098889 PMCID: PMC8182762 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06241-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background At present, no agents are known to be effective at preventing COVID-19. Based on current knowledge of the pathogenesis of this disease, we suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection might be attenuated by directly maintaining innate pulmonary redox, metabolic and dilation functions using well-tolerated medications that are known to serve these functions, specifically, a low-dose aerosolized combination of glutathione, inosine and potassium. Methods From June 1 to July 10, 2020, we conducted a pilot, prospective, open-label, single-arm, single-center study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with aerosolized combination medication (ACM) on the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 positivity in 99 healthcare workers (HCWs) at a hospital designated for treating COVID-19 patients. We compared SARS-CoV-2 positivity in ACM users to retrospective data collected from 268 untreated HCWs at the same hospital. Eligible participants received an aerosolized combination of 21.3 mg/ml glutathione and 8.7 mg/ml inosine in 107 mM potassium solution for 14 days. The main outcome was the frequency of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases, defined as individuals with positive genetic or immunological tests within 28 days of the study period. Results SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 2 ACM users (2, 95% CI: 0.3 to 7.1%), which was significantly less than the incidence in nonusers, at 24 (9, 95% CI: 5.8 to 13.0%; P = 0.02). During the PrEP period, solicited adverse events occurred in five participants; all were mild and transient reactions. Conclusions Our findings might be used either to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection or to support ongoing and new research into more effective treatments for COVID-19. Trial registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN34160010. Registered 14 September 2020 - Retrospectively registered. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-021-06241-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael V Dubina
- State Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations FMBA Russia, 7 Pudozhskaya str, St. Petersburg, 197110, Russia. .,Russian Academy of Sciences, 14 Leninskiy pr, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Veronika V Gomonova
- North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 41 Kirochnaya str, 191015, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia E Taraskina
- North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 41 Kirochnaya str, 191015, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Natalia V Vasilyeva
- North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 41 Kirochnaya str, 191015, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey A Sayganov
- North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 41 Kirochnaya str, 191015, St. Petersburg, Russia
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18
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Elkholy KO, Hegazy O, Okunade A, Aktas S, Ajibawo T. Regadenoson Stress Testing: A Comprehensive Review With a Focused Update. Cureus 2021; 13:e12940. [PMID: 33654619 PMCID: PMC7909893 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Regadenoson is a pharmacological stress agent that has been widely used since its approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2008. For many years, dipyridamole and adenosine, which are non-selective adenosine receptor agonists, were more popular. However, these agents are less preferred now due to their undesirable adverse effects as compared to regadenoson. In the ADVANCE (ADenoscan Versus regAdenosoN Comparative Evaluation) phase 3 clinical trial, regadenoson demonstrated non-inferiority to adenosine for detecting reversible myocardial ischemia. This review summarizes the clinical utilities of regadenoson as the most widely used pharmacological stress agent. Moreover, the use of regadenoson has been documented in specific patient populations. Although regadenoson has established safety and efficacy in most patients with chronic diseases, there are equivocal results in the literature for other chronic diseases. It is warranted to highlight that the use of regadenoson has not been studied in patients of low socioeconomic class; it is a condition that carries a significant burden on the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim O Elkholy
- Internal Medicine, Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Omar Hegazy
- Internal Medicine, Mercy Hospital, Chicago, USA
| | - Adeniyi Okunade
- Internal Medicine, Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Suat Aktas
- Internal Medicine, Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Temitope Ajibawo
- Internal Medicine, Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, New York, USA
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19
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Hariharan A, Weir N, Robertson C, He L, Betsholtz C, Longden TA. The Ion Channel and GPCR Toolkit of Brain Capillary Pericytes. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:601324. [PMID: 33390906 PMCID: PMC7775489 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.601324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain pericytes reside on the abluminal surface of capillaries, and their processes cover ~90% of the length of the capillary bed. These cells were first described almost 150 years ago (Eberth, 1871; Rouget, 1873) and have been the subject of intense experimental scrutiny in recent years, but their physiological roles remain uncertain and little is known of the complement of signaling elements that they employ to carry out their functions. In this review, we synthesize functional data with single-cell RNAseq screens to explore the ion channel and G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) toolkit of mesh and thin-strand pericytes of the brain, with the aim of providing a framework for deeper explorations of the molecular mechanisms that govern pericyte physiology. We argue that their complement of channels and receptors ideally positions capillary pericytes to play a central role in adapting blood flow to meet the challenge of satisfying neuronal energy requirements from deep within the capillary bed, by enabling dynamic regulation of their membrane potential to influence the electrical output of the cell. In particular, we outline how genetic and functional evidence suggest an important role for Gs-coupled GPCRs and ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels in this context. We put forth a predictive model for long-range hyperpolarizing electrical signaling from pericytes to upstream arterioles, and detail the TRP and Ca2+ channels and Gq, Gi/o, and G12/13 signaling processes that counterbalance this. We underscore critical questions that need to be addressed to further advance our understanding of the signaling topology of capillary pericytes, and how this contributes to their physiological roles and their dysfunction in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Hariharan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nick Weir
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Colin Robertson
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Liqun He
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medicine Huddinge (MedH), Karolinska Institutet & Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Thomas A Longden
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
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20
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Zhang D, Wang Y, Lin H, Sun Y, Wang M, Jia Y, Yu X, Jiang H, Xu W, Sun JP, Xu Z. Function and therapeutic potential of G protein-coupled receptors in epididymis. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:5489-5508. [PMID: 32901914 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility rates for both females and males have increased continuously in recent years. Currently, effective treatments for male infertility with defined mechanisms or targets are still lacking. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest class of drug targets, but their functions and the implications for the therapeutic development for male infertility largely remain elusive. Nevertheless, recent studies have shown that several members of the GPCR superfamily play crucial roles in the maintenance of ion-water homeostasis of the epididymis, development of the efferent ductules, formation of the blood-epididymal barrier and maturation of sperm. Knowledge of the functions, genetic variations and working mechanisms of such GPCRs, along with the drugs and ligands relevant to their specific functions, provide future directions and a great arsenal for new developments in the treatment of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daolai Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China.,Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanfei Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yujing Sun
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mingwei Wang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yingli Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenming Xu
- Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, SCU-CUHK, Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin-Peng Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China.,Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigang Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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21
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Paganelli F, Gaudry M, Ruf J, Guieu R. Recent advances in the role of the adenosinergic system in coronary artery disease. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 117:1284-1294. [PMID: 32991685 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine is an endogenous nucleoside that plays a major role in the physiology and physiopathology of the coronary artery system, mainly by activating its A2A receptors (A2AR). Adenosine is released by myocardial, endothelial, and immune cells during hypoxia, ischaemia, or inflammation, each condition being present in coronary artery disease (CAD). While activation of A2AR improves coronary blood circulation and leads to anti-inflammatory effects, down-regulation of A2AR has many deleterious effects during CAD. A decrease in the level and/or activity of A2AR leads to: (i) lack of vasodilation, which decreases blood flow, leading to a decrease in myocardial oxygenation and tissue hypoxia; (ii) an increase in the immune response, favouring inflammation; and (iii) platelet aggregation, which therefore participates, in part, in the formation of a fibrin-platelet thrombus after the rupture or erosion of the plaque, leading to the occurrence of acute coronary syndrome. Inflammation contributes to the development of atherosclerosis, leading to myocardial ischaemia, which in turn leads to tissue hypoxia. Therefore, a vicious circle is created that maintains and aggravates CAD. In some cases, studying the adenosinergic profile can help assess the severity of CAD. In fact, inducible ischaemia in CAD patients, as assessed by exercise stress test or fractional flow reserve, is associated with the presence of a reserve of A2AR called spare receptors. The purpose of this review is to present emerging experimental evidence supporting the existence of this adaptive adenosinergic response to ischaemia or inflammation in CAD. We believe that we have achieved a breakthrough in the understanding and modelling of spare A2AR, based upon a new concept allowing for a new and non-invasive CAD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Paganelli
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, Campus Santé Timone, Faculté de Pharmacie, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, F-13005 Marseille, France.,Department of Cardiology, North Hospital, Chemin des Bourrely, F-13015 Marseille, France
| | - Marine Gaudry
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Timone Hospital, 278 Rue Saint Pierre, F-13005 Marseille, France
| | - Jean Ruf
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, Campus Santé Timone, Faculté de Pharmacie, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, F-13005 Marseille, France
| | - Régis Guieu
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, Campus Santé Timone, Faculté de Pharmacie, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, F-13005 Marseille, France.,Laboratory of Biochemistry, Timone Hospital, 278 Rue Saint Pierre, F-13005 Marseille, France
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22
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Gaudry M, Vairo D, Marlinge M, Gaubert M, Guiol C, Mottola G, Gariboldi V, Deharo P, Sadrin S, Maixent JM, Fenouillet E, Ruf J, Guieu R, Paganelli F. Adenosine and Its Receptors: An Expected Tool for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Coronary Artery and Ischemic Heart Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155321. [PMID: 32727116 PMCID: PMC7432452 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine is an endogenous nucleoside which strongly impacts the cardiovascular system. Adenosine is released mostly by endothelial cells and myocytes during ischemia or hypoxia and greatly regulates the cardiovascular system via four specific G-protein-coupled receptors named A1R, A2AR, A2BR, and A3R. Among them, A2 subtypes are strongly expressed in coronary tissues, and their activation increases coronary blood flow via the production of cAMP in smooth muscle cells. A2A receptor modulators are an opportunity for intense research by the pharmaceutical industry to develop new cardiovascular therapies. Most innovative therapies are mediated by the modulation of adenosine release and/or the activation of the A2A receptor subtypes. This review aims to focus on the specific exploration of the adenosine plasma level and its relationship with the A2A receptor, which seems a promising biomarker for a diagnostic and/or a therapeutic tool for the screening and management of coronary artery disease. Finally, a recent class of selective adenosine receptor ligands has emerged, and A2A receptor agonists/antagonists are useful tools to improve the management of patients suffering from coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Gaudry
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Timone Hospital, F-13008 Marseille, France;
| | - Donato Vairo
- C2VN, INSERM, INRA, Aix-Marseille University, F-13015 Marseille, France; (D.V.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (C.G.); (G.M.); (V.G.); (P.D.); (E.F.); (J.R.); (R.G.)
| | - Marion Marlinge
- C2VN, INSERM, INRA, Aix-Marseille University, F-13015 Marseille, France; (D.V.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (C.G.); (G.M.); (V.G.); (P.D.); (E.F.); (J.R.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Timone Hospital, F-13008 Marseille, France
| | - Melanie Gaubert
- C2VN, INSERM, INRA, Aix-Marseille University, F-13015 Marseille, France; (D.V.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (C.G.); (G.M.); (V.G.); (P.D.); (E.F.); (J.R.); (R.G.)
| | - Claire Guiol
- C2VN, INSERM, INRA, Aix-Marseille University, F-13015 Marseille, France; (D.V.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (C.G.); (G.M.); (V.G.); (P.D.); (E.F.); (J.R.); (R.G.)
| | - Giovanna Mottola
- C2VN, INSERM, INRA, Aix-Marseille University, F-13015 Marseille, France; (D.V.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (C.G.); (G.M.); (V.G.); (P.D.); (E.F.); (J.R.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Timone Hospital, F-13008 Marseille, France
| | - Vlad Gariboldi
- C2VN, INSERM, INRA, Aix-Marseille University, F-13015 Marseille, France; (D.V.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (C.G.); (G.M.); (V.G.); (P.D.); (E.F.); (J.R.); (R.G.)
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Timone Hospital, F-13008 Marseille, France
| | - Pierre Deharo
- C2VN, INSERM, INRA, Aix-Marseille University, F-13015 Marseille, France; (D.V.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (C.G.); (G.M.); (V.G.); (P.D.); (E.F.); (J.R.); (R.G.)
- Department of Cardiology, Timone Hospital, F-13008 Marseille, France
| | | | - Jean Michel Maixent
- Unité de Recherche Clinique Pierre Deniker (URC C.S. 10587) Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, 86000 Poitiers, France
- I.A.P.S. Equipe Emergeante, Université de Toulon, 83957 Toulon-La Garde, UFR S.F.A., F-86073 Poitiers, France
- Correspondence: (J.M.M.); (F.P.)
| | - Emmanuel Fenouillet
- C2VN, INSERM, INRA, Aix-Marseille University, F-13015 Marseille, France; (D.V.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (C.G.); (G.M.); (V.G.); (P.D.); (E.F.); (J.R.); (R.G.)
| | - Jean Ruf
- C2VN, INSERM, INRA, Aix-Marseille University, F-13015 Marseille, France; (D.V.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (C.G.); (G.M.); (V.G.); (P.D.); (E.F.); (J.R.); (R.G.)
| | - Regis Guieu
- C2VN, INSERM, INRA, Aix-Marseille University, F-13015 Marseille, France; (D.V.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (C.G.); (G.M.); (V.G.); (P.D.); (E.F.); (J.R.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Timone Hospital, F-13008 Marseille, France
| | - Franck Paganelli
- C2VN, INSERM, INRA, Aix-Marseille University, F-13015 Marseille, France; (D.V.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (C.G.); (G.M.); (V.G.); (P.D.); (E.F.); (J.R.); (R.G.)
- Department of Cardiology, Nord Hospital, ARCHANTEC, F-13015 Marseille, France
- Correspondence: (J.M.M.); (F.P.)
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Christensen SL, Munro G, Petersen S, Shabir A, Jansen-Olesen I, Kristensen DM, Olesen J. ATP sensitive potassium (K ATP) channel inhibition: A promising new drug target for migraine. Cephalalgia 2020; 40:650-664. [PMID: 32418458 DOI: 10.1177/0333102420925513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) sensitive potassium channel opener levcromakalim was shown to induce migraine attacks with a far higher incidence than any previous provoking agent such as calcitonin gene-related peptide. Here, we show efficacy of ATP sensitive potassium channel inhibitors in two validated rodent models of migraine. METHODS In female spontaneous trigeminal allodynic rats, the sensitivity of the frontal region of the head was tested by an electronic von Frey filament device. In mice, cutaneous hypersensitivity was induced by repeated glyceryl trinitrate or levcromakalim injections over nine days, as measured with von Frey filaments in the hindpaw. Release of calcitonin gene-related peptide from dura mater and trigeminal ganglion was studied ex vivo. RESULTS The ATP sensitive potassium channel inhibitor glibenclamide attenuated the spontaneous cephalic hypersensitivity in spontaneous trigeminal allodynic rats and glyceryl trinitrate-induced hypersensitivity of the hindpaw in mice. It also inhibited CGRP release from dura mater and the trigeminal ganglion isolated from spontaneous trigeminal allodynic rats. The hypersensitivity was also diminished by the structurally different ATP sensitive potassium channel inhibitor gliquidone. Mice injected with the ATP sensitive potassium channel opener levcromakalim developed a progressive hypersensitivity that was completely blocked by glibenclamide, confirming target engagement. CONCLUSION The results suggest that ATP sensitive potassium channel inhibitors could be novel and highly effective drugs in the treatment of migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Christensen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Research Institute, Righospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Gordon Munro
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Research Institute, Righospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Steffen Petersen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Research Institute, Righospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Anmool Shabir
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Research Institute, Righospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Inger Jansen-Olesen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Research Institute, Righospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - David M Kristensen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Research Institute, Righospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.,Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Research Center for Environmental and Occupational Health), Rennes, France
| | - Jes Olesen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Research Institute, Righospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
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Adenosine and the Cardiovascular System: The Good and the Bad. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051366. [PMID: 32384746 PMCID: PMC7290927 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine is a nucleoside that impacts the cardiovascular system via the activation of its membrane receptors, named A1R, A2AR, A2BR and A3R. Adenosine is released during hypoxia, ischemia, beta-adrenergic stimulation or inflammation and impacts heart rhythm and produces strong vasodilation in the systemic, coronary or pulmonary vascular system. This review summarizes the main role of adenosine on the cardiovascular system in several diseases and conditions. Adenosine release participates directly in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation and neurohumoral syncope. Adenosine has a key role in the adaptive response in pulmonary hypertension and heart failure, with the most relevant effects being slowing of heart rhythm, coronary vasodilation and decreasing blood pressure. In other conditions, such as altitude or apnea-induced hypoxia, obstructive sleep apnea, or systemic hypertension, the adenosinergic system activation appears in a context of an adaptive response. Due to its short half-life, adenosine allows very rapid adaptation of the cardiovascular system. Finally, the effects of adenosine on the cardiovascular system are sometimes beneficial and other times harmful. Future research should aim to develop modulating agents of adenosine receptors to slow down or conversely amplify the adenosinergic response according to the occurrence of different pathologic conditions.
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Manoury B, Idres S, Leblais V, Fischmeister R. Ion channels as effectors of cyclic nucleotide pathways: Functional relevance for arterial tone regulation. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 209:107499. [PMID: 32068004 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Numerous mediators and drugs regulate blood flow or arterial pressure by acting on vascular tone, involving cyclic nucleotide intracellular pathways. These signals lead to regulation of several cellular effectors, including ion channels that tune cell membrane potential, Ca2+ influx and vascular tone. The characterization of these vasocontrictive or vasodilating mechanisms has grown in complexity due to i) the variety of ion channels that are expressed in both vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells, ii) the heterogeneity of responses among the various vascular beds, and iii) the number of molecular mechanisms involved in cyclic nucleotide signalling in health and disease. This review synthesizes key data from literature that highlight ion channels as physiologically relevant effectors of cyclic nucleotide pathways in the vasculature, including the characterization of the molecular mechanisms involved. In smooth muscle cells, cation influx or chloride efflux through ion channels are associated with vasoconstriction, whereas K+ efflux repolarizes the cell membrane potential and mediates vasodilatation. Both categories of ion currents are under the influence of cAMP and cGMP pathways. Evidence that some ion channels are influenced by CN signalling in endothelial cells will also be presented. Emphasis will also be put on recent data touching a variety of determinants such as phosphodiesterases, EPAC and kinase anchoring, that complicate or even challenge former paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Manoury
- Inserm, Umr-S 1180, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Sarah Idres
- Inserm, Umr-S 1180, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Véronique Leblais
- Inserm, Umr-S 1180, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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Leipziger J, Praetorius H. Renal Autocrine and Paracrine Signaling: A Story of Self-protection. Physiol Rev 2020; 100:1229-1289. [PMID: 31999508 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00014.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Autocrine and paracrine signaling in the kidney adds an extra level of diversity and complexity to renal physiology. The extensive scientific production on the topic precludes easy understanding of the fundamental purpose of the vast number of molecules and systems that influence the renal function. This systematic review provides the broader pen strokes for a collected image of renal paracrine signaling. First, we recapitulate the essence of each paracrine system one by one. Thereafter the single components are merged into an overarching physiological concept. The presented survey shows that despite the diversity in the web of paracrine factors, the collected effect on renal function may not be complicated after all. In essence, paracrine activation provides an intelligent system that perceives minor perturbations and reacts with a coordinated and integrated tissue response that relieves the work load from the renal epithelia and favors diuresis and natriuresis. We suggest that the overall function of paracrine signaling is reno-protection and argue that renal paracrine signaling and self-regulation are two sides of the same coin. Thus local paracrine signaling is an intrinsic function of the kidney, and the overall renal effect of changes in blood pressure, volume load, and systemic hormones will always be tinted by its paracrine status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Leipziger
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; and Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies (AIAS), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Helle Praetorius
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; and Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies (AIAS), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Adenosine Receptor Profiling Reveals an Association between the Presence of Spare Receptors and Cardiovascular Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235964. [PMID: 31783510 PMCID: PMC6928742 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenosine and its receptors exert a potent control on the cardiovascular system. This review aims to present emerging experimental evidence supporting the existence and implication in cardiovascular disorders of specific adenosinergic pharmacological profiles, conforming to the concept of "receptor reserve", also known as "spare receptors". This kind of receptors allow agonists to achieve their maximal effect without occupying all of the relevant cell receptors. In the cardiovascular system, spare adenosine receptors appear to compensate for a low extracellular adenosine level and/or a low adenosine receptor number, such as in coronary artery disease or some kinds of neurocardiogenic syncopes. In both cases, the presence of spare receptors appears to be an attempt to overcome a weak interaction between adenosine and its receptors. The identification of adenosine spare receptors in cardiovascular disorders may be helpful for diagnostic purposes.
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Li H, Seo MS, An JR, Jung HS, Ha KS, Han ET, Hong SH, Bae YM, Na SH, Park WS. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor sitagliptin induces vasorelaxation via the activation of Kv channels and PKA. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 384:114799. [PMID: 31678606 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the vasorelaxant effects of sitagliptin, which is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor in aortic rings pre-contracted with phenylephrine (Phe). Sitagliptin induced vasorelaxation in a concentration-dependent manner but the inhibition of voltage-dependent K+ (Kv) channels by pretreatment with 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) effectively reduced this effect. By contrast, the inhibition of inward rectifier K+ (Kir) channels by pretreatment with barium (Ba2+), large-conductance calcium (Ca2+)-activated K+ (BKCa) channels with paxilline, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels with glibenclamide did not change this effect. Although the application of SQ 22536, which is an adenylyl cyclase inhibitor, also did not change this effect, treatment with KT 5720, a protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, effectively reduced the vasorelaxant effects of sitagliptin. ODQ, which is a guanylyl cyclase inhibitor, and KT 5823, a protein kinase G (PKG) inhibitor, did not impact the effect. Furthermore, neither the inhibition of Ca2+ channels by pretreatment with nifedipine nor the inhibition of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) pumps by pretreatment with thapsigargin changed the effect. Similarly, the effects of sitagliptin were not altered by eliminating the endothelium, by pretreatment with a nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor (L-NAME), or by inhibition of small- and intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (SKCa and IKCa) using apamin and TRAM-34. Taken together, these results suggest that sitagliptin induces vasorelaxation by inhibiting both membrane potential (Em)-dependent and -independent vasoconstriction and activating PKA and Kv channels independently of PKG signaling pathways, other K+ channels, SERCA pumps, and the endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment for Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Mi Seon Seo
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Jin Ryeol An
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Hee Seok Jung
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Kwon-Soo Ha
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Eun-Taek Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Seok-Ho Hong
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Young Min Bae
- Department of Physiology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Chungju 27478, South Korea
| | - Sung Hun Na
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea.
| | - Won Sun Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea.
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Wengler K, Bangiyev L, Canli T, Duong TQ, Schweitzer ME, He X. 3D MRI of whole-brain water permeability with intrinsic diffusivity encoding of arterial labeled spin (IDEALS). Neuroimage 2019; 189:401-414. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Circulating mediators of remote ischemic preconditioning: search for the missing link between non-lethal ischemia and cardioprotection. Oncotarget 2019; 10:216-244. [PMID: 30719216 PMCID: PMC6349428 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. There has been an extensive search for cardioprotective therapies to reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is a phenomenon that relies on the body's endogenous protective modalities against I/R injury. In RIPC, non-lethal brief I/R of one organ or tissue confers protection against subsequent lethal I/R injury in an organ remote to the briefly ischemic organ or tissue. Initially it was believed to be limited to direct myocardial protection, however it soon became apparent that RIPC applied to other organs such as kidney, liver, intestine, skeletal muscle can reduce myocardial infarct size. Intriguing discoveries have been made in extending the concept of RIPC to other organs than the heart. Over the years, the underlying mechanisms of RIPC have been widely sought and discussed. The involvement of blood-borne factors as mediators of RIPC has been suggested by a number of research groups. The main purpose of this review article is to summarize the possible circulating mediators of RIPC, and recent studies to establish the clinical efficacy of these mediators in cardioprotection from lethal I/R injury.
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31
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Tinker A, Aziz Q, Li Y, Specterman M. ATP‐Sensitive Potassium Channels and Their Physiological and Pathophysiological Roles. Compr Physiol 2018; 8:1463-1511. [DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c170048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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32
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Carlin JL, Jain S, Duroux R, Suresh RR, Xiao C, Auchampach JA, Jacobson KA, Gavrilova O, Reitman ML. Activation of adenosine A 2A or A 2B receptors causes hypothermia in mice. Neuropharmacology 2018; 139:268-278. [PMID: 29548686 PMCID: PMC6067974 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular adenosine is a danger/injury signal that initiates protective physiology, such as hypothermia. Adenosine has been shown to trigger hypothermia via agonism at A1 and A3 adenosine receptors (A1AR, A3AR). Here, we find that adenosine continues to elicit hypothermia in mice null for A1AR and A3AR and investigated the effect of agonism at A2AAR or A2BAR. The poorly brain penetrant A2AAR agonists CGS-21680 and PSB-0777 caused hypothermia, which was not seen in mice lacking A2AAR. MRS7352, a likely non-brain penetrant A2AAR antagonist, inhibited PSB-0777 hypothermia. While vasodilation is probably a contributory mechanism, A2AAR agonism also caused hypometabolism, indicating that vasodilation is not the sole mechanism. The A2BAR agonist BAY60-6583 elicited hypothermia, which was lost in mice null for A2BAR. Low intracerebroventricular doses of BAY60-6583 also caused hypothermia, indicating a brain site of action, with neuronal activation in the preoptic area and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. Thus, agonism at any one of the canonical adenosine receptors, A1AR, A2AAR, A2BAR, or A3AR, can cause hypothermia. This four-fold redundancy in adenosine-mediated initiation of hypothermia may reflect the centrality of hypothermia as a protective response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Lea Carlin
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shalini Jain
- Mouse Metabolism Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Romain Duroux
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - R Rama Suresh
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cuiying Xiao
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John A Auchampach
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Oksana Gavrilova
- Mouse Metabolism Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Marc L Reitman
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Alterations of ATP-sensitive K + channels in human umbilical arterial smooth muscle during gestational diabetes mellitus. Pflugers Arch 2018; 470:1325-1333. [PMID: 29855712 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2154-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the alterations of ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels in human umbilical arterial smooth muscle cells during gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The amplitude of the KATP current induced by application of the KATP channel opener pinacidil (10 μM) was reduced in the GDM group than in the control group. Pinacidil-induced vasorelaxation was also predominant in the normal group compared with the GDM group. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis suggested that the expression of KATP channel subunits such as Kir6.1, Kir6.2, and SUR2B were decreased in the GDM group relative to the normal group. The application of forskolin and adenosine, which activates protein kinase A (PKA) and thereby KATP channels, elicited KATP current in both the normal and GDM groups. However, the current amplitudes were not different between the normal and GDM groups. In addition, the expression levels of PKA subunits were not altered between the two groups. These results suggest that the reduction of KATP current and KATP channel-induced vasorelaxation are due to the decreased expression of KATP channels, not to the impairment of KATP-related signaling pathways.
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Szeto V, Chen NH, Sun HS, Feng ZP. The role of K ATP channels in cerebral ischemic stroke and diabetes. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:683-694. [PMID: 29671418 PMCID: PMC5943906 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2018.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels are ubiquitously expressed on the plasma membrane of cells in multiple organs, including the heart, pancreas and brain. KATP channels play important roles in controlling and regulating cellular functions in response to metabolic state, which are inhibited by ATP and activated by Mg-ADP, allowing the cell to couple cellular metabolic state (ATP/ADP ratio) to electrical activity of the cell membrane. KATP channels mediate insulin secretion in pancreatic islet beta cells, and controlling vascular tone. Under pathophysiological conditions, KATP channels play cytoprotective role in cardiac myocytes and neurons during ischemia and/or hypoxia. KATP channel is a hetero-octameric complex, consisting of four pore-forming Kir6.x and four regulatory sulfonylurea receptor SURx subunits. These subunits are differentially expressed in various cell types, thus determining the sensitivity of the cells to specific channel modifiers. Sulfonylurea class of antidiabetic drugs blocks KATP channels, which are neuroprotective in stroke, can be one of the high stoke risk factors for diabetic patients. In this review, we discussed the potential effects of KATP channel blockers when used under pathological conditions related to diabetics and cerebral ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Szeto
- Departments of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
| | - Nai-hong Chen
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hong-shuo Sun
- Departments of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
- Surgery
- Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
| | - Zhong-ping Feng
- Departments of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
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Li H, Shin SE, Seo MS, An JR, Choi IW, Jung WK, Firth AL, Lee DS, Yim MJ, Choi G, Lee JM, Na SH, Park WS. The anti-diabetic drug dapagliflozin induces vasodilation via activation of PKG and Kv channels. Life Sci 2018; 197:46-55. [PMID: 29409796 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM Considering the clinical efficacy of dapagliflozin in patients with type 2 DM and the pathophysiological relevance of Kv channels for vascular reactivity. We investigate the vasodilatory effect of dapagliflozin and related mechanisms using phenylephrine (Phe)-induced contracted aortic rings. MATERIAL AND METHODS Arterial tone measurement was performed in aortic smooth muscle. KEY FINDINGS Application of dapagliflozin induced vasodilation in a concentration-dependent manner. Pre-treatment with the BKCa channel inhibitor paxilline, the KATP channel inhibitor glibenclamide, and the Kir channel inhibitor Ba2+ did not change dapagliflozin-induced vasodilation. However, application of the Kv channels inhibitor 4-AP effectively inhibited dapagliflozin-induced vasodilation. Application of the Ca2+ channel inhibitor nifedipine and the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) pump inhibitor thapsigargin did not alter the vasodilatory effect of dapagliflozin. Moreover, the adenylyl cyclase inhibitor SQ 22536 and the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor KT 5720 had no effect on dapagliflozin-induced vasodilation. Although guanylyl cyclase inhibitors, NS 2028 and ODQ, did not reduce the vasodilatory effect of dapagliflozin, the protein kinase G (PKG) inhibitor KT 5823 effectively inhibited dapagliflozin-induced vasodilation. The vasodilatory effect of dapagliflozin was not affected by elimination of the endothelium. Furthermore, pretreatment with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME or the small-conductance Ca2+-activated K (SKCa) channel inhibitor apamin did not change the vasodilatory effect of dapagliflozin. SIGNIFICANCE We concluded that dapagliflozin induced vasodilation via the activation of Kv channels and PKG, and was independent of other K+ channels, Ca2+ channels, intracellular Ca2+, and the endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Li
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Sung Eun Shin
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Mi Seon Seo
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Jin Ryeol An
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Il-Whan Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 48516, South Korea
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus) Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, South Korea
| | - Amy L Firth
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles CA90033, USA
| | - Dae-Sung Lee
- Department of Applied Research, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, South Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Yim
- Department of Applied Research, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, South Korea
| | - Grace Choi
- Department of Applied Research, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, South Korea
| | - Jeong Min Lee
- Department of Applied Research, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, South Korea
| | - Sung Hun Na
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea.
| | - Won Sun Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea.
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Aziz Q, Li Y, Anderson N, Ojake L, Tsisanova E, Tinker A. Molecular and functional characterization of the endothelial ATP-sensitive potassium channel. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:17587-17597. [PMID: 28893911 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.810325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels are widely expressed in the cardiovascular system, where they regulate a range of biological activities by linking cellular metabolism with membrane excitability. KATP channels in vascular smooth muscle have a well-defined role in regulating vascular tone. KATP channels are also thought to be expressed in vascular endothelial cells, but their presence and function in this context are less clear. As a result, we aimed to investigate the molecular composition and physiological role of endothelial KATP channels. We first generated mice with an endothelial specific deletion of the channel subunit Kir6.1 (eKO) using cre-loxP technology. Data from qRT-PCR, patch clamp, ex vivo coronary perfusion Langendorff heart experiments, and endothelial cell Ca2+ imaging comparing eKO and wild-type mice show that Kir6.1-containing KATP channels are indeed present in vascular endothelium. An increase in intracellular [Ca2+], which is central to changes in endothelial function such as mediator release, at least partly contributes to the endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation induced by the KATP channel opener pinacidil. The absence of Kir6.1 did not elevate basal coronary perfusion pressure in eKO mice. However, vasorelaxation was impaired during hypoxia in the coronary circulation, and this resulted in greater cardiac injury during ischemia-reperfusion. The response to adenosine receptor stimulation was impaired in eKO mice in single cells in patch clamp recordings and in the intact coronary circulation. Our data support the existence of an endothelial KATP channel that contains Kir6.1, is involved in vascular reactivity in the coronary circulation, and has a protective role in ischemia reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qadeer Aziz
- From the Heart Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Yiwen Li
- From the Heart Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Naomi Anderson
- From the Heart Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Leona Ojake
- From the Heart Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Tsisanova
- From the Heart Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Tinker
- From the Heart Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
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Chen S, Hao X, Yu L, Zhang P, Cao W, Chen H, Zhu D. Gastrodin causes vasodilation by activating K ATP channels in vascular smooth muscles via PKA-dependent signaling pathway. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2017; 37:543-549. [PMID: 28840751 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2017.1369118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Gastrodin, one of the major components extracted from the Chinese herb Gastrodia elata Bl., has been widely used as an anticonvulsant, sedative, analgesic and hypotensive. In our study, we aimed to investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of gastrodin on vascular KATP channels. Tension experiments were used on rat mesenteric artery rings without an endothelium. Patch clamp experiments were executed to investigate the influences of gastrodin on the membrane current in mesenteric artery smooth muscle cells. Gastrodin induced vasorelaxation in a concentration dependent manner when rat mesenteric artery rings were pre-contracted with Phenylephrine. The vasorelaxation effect was partially diminished by pre-treating with a KATP channel inhibitor, or a PKA inhibitor. With whole-cell patch-clamp recording techniques, we found that gastrodin is a activator of KATP in rat mesenteric artery smooth muscle cells, and this effect was eliminate by pre-treating with H89or PKI, PKA inhibitor. In addition, when rat vascular smooth muscle cells were treated with 100 μM gastrodin for 24 h, maximum KATP current density increased by 28.1%. The results indicate that gastrodin exerts vasorelaxation effect through activation of PKA and subsequent opening of smooth muscle KATP channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Chen
- a Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , Harbin Medical University , Daqing , PR China
| | - Xuewei Hao
- b Department of Biochemistry, Inspection Institute , Harbin Medical University , Daqing , PR China
| | - Lei Yu
- a Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , Harbin Medical University , Daqing , PR China
| | - Ping Zhang
- b Department of Biochemistry, Inspection Institute , Harbin Medical University , Daqing , PR China
| | - Weiwei Cao
- a Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , Harbin Medical University , Daqing , PR China
| | - Hongyang Chen
- b Department of Biochemistry, Inspection Institute , Harbin Medical University , Daqing , PR China
| | - Daling Zhu
- a Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , Harbin Medical University , Daqing , PR China
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Hearon CM, Richards JC, Racine ML, Luckasen GJ, Larson DG, Joyner MJ, Dinenno FA. Sympatholytic effect of intravascular ATP is independent of nitric oxide, prostaglandins, Na + /K + -ATPase and K IR channels in humans. J Physiol 2017; 595:5175-5190. [PMID: 28590059 PMCID: PMC5538228 DOI: 10.1113/jp274532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Intravascular ATP attenuates sympathetic vasoconstriction (sympatholysis) similar to what is observed in contracting skeletal muscle of humans, and may be an important contributor to exercise hyperaemia. Similar to exercise, ATP-mediated vasodilatation occurs via activation of inwardly rectifying potassium channels (KIR ), and synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandins (PG). However, recent evidence suggests that these dilatatory pathways are not obligatory for sympatholysis during exercise; therefore, we tested the hypothesis that the ability of ATP to blunt α1 -adrenergic vasoconstriction in resting skeletal muscle would be independent of KIR , NO, PGs and Na+ /K+ -ATPase activity. Blockade of KIR channels alone or in combination with NO, PGs and Na+ /K+ -ATPase significantly reduced the vasodilatatory response to ATP, although intravascular ATP maintained the ability to attenuate α1 -adrenergic vasoconstriction. This study highlights similarities in the vascular response to ATP and exercise, and further supports a potential role of intravascular ATP in blood flow regulation during exercise in humans. ABSTRACT Exercise and intravascular ATP elicit vasodilatation that is dependent on activation of inwardly rectifying potassium (KIR ) channels, with a modest reliance on nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin (PG) synthesis. Both exercise and intravascular ATP attenuate sympathetic α-adrenergic vasoconstriction (sympatholysis). However, KIR channels, NO, PGs and Na+ /K+ -ATPase activity are not obligatory to observe sympatholysis during exercise. To further determine similarities between exercise and intravascular ATP, we tested the hypothesis that inhibition of KIR channels, NO and PG synthesis, and Na+ /K+ -ATPase would not alter the ability of ATP to blunt α1 -adrenergic vasoconstriction. In healthy subjects, we measured forearm blood flow (Doppler ultrasound) and calculated changes in vascular conductance (FVC) to intra-arterial infusion of phenylephrine (PE; α1 -agonist) during ATP or control vasodilatator infusion, before and after KIR channel inhibition alone (barium chloride; n = 7; Protocol 1); NO (l-NMMA) and PG (ketorolac) inhibition alone, or combined NO, PGs, Na+ /K+ -ATPase (ouabain) and KIR channel inhibition (n = 6; Protocol 2). ATP attenuated PE-mediated vasoconstriction relative to adenosine (ADO) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) (PE-mediated ΔFVC: ATP: -16 ± 2; ADO: -38 ± 6; SNP: -59 ± 6%; P < 0.05 vs. ADO and SNP). Blockade of KIR channels alone or combined with NO, PGs and Na+ /K+ -ATPase, attenuated ATP-mediated vasodilatation (∼35 and ∼60% respectively; P < 0.05 vs. control). However, ATP maintained the ability to blunt PE-mediated vasoconstriction (PE-mediated ΔFVC: KIR blockade alone: -6 ± 5%; combined blockade:-4 ± 14%; P > 0.05 vs. control). These findings demonstrate that intravascular ATP modulates α1 -adrenergic vasoconstriction via pathways independent of KIR channels, NO, PGs and Na+ /K+ -ATPase in humans, consistent with a role for endothelium-derived hyperpolarization in functional sympatholysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Hearon
- Human Cardiovascular Physiology LaboratoryDepartment of Health and Exercise ScienceFort CollinsCO80523USA
| | - Jennifer C. Richards
- Human Cardiovascular Physiology LaboratoryDepartment of Health and Exercise ScienceFort CollinsCO80523USA
| | - Mathew L. Racine
- Human Cardiovascular Physiology LaboratoryDepartment of Health and Exercise ScienceFort CollinsCO80523USA
| | - Gary J. Luckasen
- Medical Center of the Rockies FoundationUniversity of Colorado HealthLovelandCOUSA
| | - Dennis G. Larson
- Medical Center of the Rockies FoundationUniversity of Colorado HealthLovelandCOUSA
| | | | - Frank A. Dinenno
- Human Cardiovascular Physiology LaboratoryDepartment of Health and Exercise ScienceFort CollinsCO80523USA
- Center for Cardiovascular ResearchColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80523USA
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ATP-sensitive K + channels maintain resting membrane potential in interstitial cells of Cajal from the mouse colon. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 809:98-104. [PMID: 28511870 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the role of ATP-sensitive K+(KATP) channels on pacemaker activity in interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), whole-cell patch clamping, RT-PCR, and intracellular Ca2+([Ca2+]i) imaging were performed in cultured colonic ICC. Pinacidil (a K+ channel opener) hyperpolarized the membrane and inhibited the generation of pacemaker potential, and this effect was reversed by glibenclamide (a KATP channel blocker). RT-PCR showed that Kir 6.1 and SUR2B were expressed in Ano-1 positive colonic ICC. Glibenclamide depolarized the membrane and increased pacemaker potential frequency. However, 5-hydroxydecanoic acid (a mitochondrial KATP channel blocker) had no effects on pacemaker potentials. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; a protein kinase C activator) blocked the pinacidil-induced effects, and PMA alone depolarized the membrane and increased pacemaker potential frequency. Cell-permeable 8-bromo-cyclic AMP also increased pacemaker potential frequency. Recordings of spontaneous intracellular Ca2+([Ca2+]i) oscillations showed that glibenclamide increased the frequency of [Ca2+]i oscillations. In small intestinal ICC, glibenclamide alone did not alter the generation of pacemaker potentials, and Kir 6.2 and SUR2B were expressed in Ano-1 positive ICC. Therefore, KATP channels in colonic ICC are activated in resting state and play an important role in maintaining resting membrane potential.
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N-Acetylcysteine-induced vasodilatation is modulated by K ATP channels, Na +/K +-ATPase activity and intracellular calcium concentration: An in vitro study. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:738-745. [PMID: 28577450 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel, Na+/K+-ATPase activity, and intracellular calcium levels on the vasodilatory effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in thoracic aorta by using electrophysiological and molecular techniques. METHODS Rat thoracic aorta ring preparations and cultured thoracic aorta cells were divided into four groups as control, 2mM NAC, 5mM NAC, and 10mM NAC. Thoracic aorta rings were isolated from rats for measurements of relaxation responses and Na+/K+-ATPase activity. In the cultured thoracic aorta cells, we measured the currents of KATP channel, the concentration of intracellular calcium and mRNA expression level of KATP channel subunits (KCNJ8, KCNJ11, ABCC8 and ABCC9). RESULTS The relaxation rate significantly increased in all NAC groups compared to control. Similarly, Na+/K+- ATPase activity also significantly decreased in NAC groups. Outward KATP channel current significantly increased in all NAC groups compared to the control group. Intracellular calcium concentration decreased significantly in all groups with compared control. mRNA expression level of ABCC8 subunit significantly increased in all NAC groups compared to the control group. Pearson correlation analysis showed that relaxation rate was significantly associated with KATP current, intracellular calcium concentration, Na+/K+-ATPase activity and mRNA expression level of ABCC8 subunit. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that NAC relaxes vascular smooth muscle cells through a direct effect on KATP channels, by increasing outward K+ flux, partly by increasing mRNA expression of KATP subunit ABCC8, by decreasing in intracellular calcium and by decreasing in Na+/K+-ATPase activity.
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Tykocki NR, Boerman EM, Jackson WF. Smooth Muscle Ion Channels and Regulation of Vascular Tone in Resistance Arteries and Arterioles. Compr Physiol 2017; 7:485-581. [PMID: 28333380 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c160011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Vascular tone of resistance arteries and arterioles determines peripheral vascular resistance, contributing to the regulation of blood pressure and blood flow to, and within the body's tissues and organs. Ion channels in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in these blood vessels importantly contribute to the regulation of intracellular Ca2+ concentration, the primary determinant of SMC contractile activity and vascular tone. Ion channels provide the main source of activator Ca2+ that determines vascular tone, and strongly contribute to setting and regulating membrane potential, which, in turn, regulates the open-state-probability of voltage gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs), the primary source of Ca2+ in resistance artery and arteriolar SMCs. Ion channel function is also modulated by vasoconstrictors and vasodilators, contributing to all aspects of the regulation of vascular tone. This review will focus on the physiology of VGCCs, voltage-gated K+ (KV) channels, large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channels, strong-inward-rectifier K+ (KIR) channels, ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels, ryanodine receptors (RyRs), inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs), and a variety of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels that contribute to pressure-induced myogenic tone in resistance arteries and arterioles, the modulation of the function of these ion channels by vasoconstrictors and vasodilators, their role in the functional regulation of tissue blood flow and their dysfunction in diseases such as hypertension, obesity, and diabetes. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:485-581, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R Tykocki
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Erika M Boerman
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - William F Jackson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Wu J, Li N, Liu Y, Li W, He A, Zhu D, Feng X, Liu B, Shi R, Zhang Y, Lv J, Xu Z. Maternal high salt diet altered Adenosine-mediated vasodilatation via PKA/BK channel pathway in offspring rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28133948 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE High salt (HS) diets are related to cardiovascular diseases, and prenatal HS was suggested to increase risks of coronary artery diseases in the offspring. This study tested the hypothesis that prenatal HS may influence Adenosine-induced vasodilatation via protein kinase A (PKA) pathway in coronary arteries. METHODS AND RESULTS Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with 8% salt diet for gestation, the control was fed with 0.3% salt diet. Coronary arteries from male adult offspring were tested for K+ channels and Adenosine signal pathways. Adenosine-mediated vasodilatation was reduced in coronary arteries in HS. There was no difference in gene expression of A2A receptors between the two groups. After pretreatment with PKA inhibitor, vasodilatation to Adenosine was decreased to a smaller extent in HS than that in control. Forskolin (activator of adenylate cyclase)-mediated vasodilatation was decreased in HS. Iberiotoxin (large-conductance Ca2+ -activated K+ channel [BK channel] inhibitor) attenuated Forskolin-induced vasodilatation in control, not in HS group. Currents of BK channels decreased in coronary artery smooth muscle cells, and PKA-modulated BK channel functions were declined. Protein levels of BK β1 and PKA C-subunits in coronary arteries of HS offspring were reduced. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal HS diets altered Adenosine-mediated coronary artery vasodilatation in the offspring, which was linked to downregulation of cAMP/PKA/BK channel pathway.
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MESH Headings
- Adenosine/metabolism
- Adenosine/pharmacology
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Coronary Vessels/drug effects
- Coronary Vessels/metabolism
- Cyclic AMP/metabolism
- Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Female
- Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels/metabolism
- Male
- Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Pregnancy
- Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, Adenosine A2A/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Sodium Chloride, Dietary/pharmacology
- Vasodilation/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Wu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Na Li
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weisheng Li
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Axin He
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Di Zhu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Feng
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bailin Liu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ruixiu Shi
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yujuan Zhang
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Juanxiu Lv
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhice Xu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Center for Prenatal Biology, Loma Linda University, CA 92350, USA
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Landes S, Dela Cruz S, Wei J, AlBadri A, Shufelt C, Mehta P, Thomson LE, Diniz MA, Zhang X, Petersen JW, Anderson RD, Pepine CJ, Berman DS, Bairey Merz CN. Cold Pressor Stress Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Myocardial Flow Reserve Is Not Useful for Detection of Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction in Women with Signs and Symptoms of Ischemia and No Obstructive CAD. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169818. [PMID: 28081214 PMCID: PMC5231328 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary endothelial function testing using acetylcholine is not routinely available, while non-pharmacological cold pressor testing (CPT) is considered an endothelial stressor. Noninvasive cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) myocardial perfusion reserve index (MPRI) can detect coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD). We evaluated if CPT stress CMRI MPRI could detect invasive coronary endothelial dysfunction. METHODS Coronary reactivity testing was performed in 189 women with symptoms and signs of ischemic but no obstructive coronary artery disease as previously described plus CPT stress. Subjects also underwent pharmacologic and CPT stress during CMRI (1.5 T). Statistical analysis comparing CPT MPRI between groups was performed by Welch`s t-test and Mann-Whitney where appropriate. Anderson-Darling test and Levene test were considered to verify the normality and homogeneity of variances assumptions. Correlation analyses between CPT MPRI and both invasive and noninvasive measures of CMD were performed using Spearman correlation. RESULTS While CPT MPRI correlated with pharmacological stress MPRI, it did not correlate with invasive measures of CMD including invasively measured responses to intracoronary (IC) adenosine, IC acetylcholine, CPT, or IC nitroglycerin. Additionally CPT MPRI was not significantly different between subjects with normal compared to abnormal pharm stress MPRI or normal compared to abnormal invasive CMD parameters. CONCLUSION Despite correlation with pharmacological stress MPRI, non-invasive CPT MPRI does not appear to be useful for detecting CMD in symptomatic women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofy Landes
- Barbra Streisand Women’s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Sherwin Dela Cruz
- Barbra Streisand Women’s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Janet Wei
- Barbra Streisand Women’s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Ahmed AlBadri
- Barbra Streisand Women’s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Chrisandra Shufelt
- Barbra Streisand Women’s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Puja Mehta
- Barbra Streisand Women’s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Louise E. Thomson
- Barbra Streisand Women’s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Marcio A. Diniz
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - John W. Petersen
- Univerity of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - R. David Anderson
- Univerity of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Carl J. Pepine
- Univerity of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Daniel S. Berman
- Barbra Streisand Women’s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - C. Noel Bairey Merz
- Barbra Streisand Women’s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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Potassium Channels in Regulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Contraction and Growth. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2016; 78:89-144. [PMID: 28212804 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Potassium channels importantly contribute to the regulation of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) contraction and growth. They are the dominant ion conductance of the VSM cell membrane and importantly determine and regulate membrane potential. Membrane potential, in turn, regulates the open-state probability of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCC), Ca2+ influx through VGCC, intracellular Ca2+, and VSM contraction. Membrane potential also affects release of Ca2+ from internal stores and the Ca2+ sensitivity of the contractile machinery such that K+ channels participate in all aspects of regulation of VSM contraction. Potassium channels also regulate proliferation of VSM cells through membrane potential-dependent and membrane potential-independent mechanisms. VSM cells express multiple isoforms of at least five classes of K+ channels that contribute to the regulation of contraction and cell proliferation (growth). This review will examine the structure, expression, and function of large conductance, Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channels, intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa3.1) channels, multiple isoforms of voltage-gated K+ (KV) channels, ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels, and inward-rectifier K+ (KIR) channels in both contractile and proliferating VSM cells.
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Zhou X, Teng B, Mustafa SJ. Sex Difference in Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mouse: Role of NO and A2A Adenosine Receptor. Microcirculation 2016. [PMID: 26201383 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sex plays an important role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to investigate how sex impacts on the coronary flow regulation during atherosclerosis. METHODS ApoE KO mouse fed with western diet were used for atherosclerosis model. Coronary RH and flow response were measured using Langendorff-perfused isolated hearts. RESULTS Coronary RH and A23187-induced NO-dependent flow increases were significantly reduced in female (by ~28% and 48%, respectively), but not in male atherosclerotic mice. However, SNP-induced coronary vasodilation remains intact in both sexes of ApoE KO mice. L-NAME (NOS inhibitor) reduced baseline flow and RH to a lesser extent in ApoE KO (by ~19% and 31%) vs. WT (~30% and 59%, respectively), and abolished the sex difference in RH. In contrast, SCH58261 (a selective A2A AR antagonist) reduced the baseline flow and RH to a greater extent in atherosclerotic mice, but did not affect the sex difference. Immunofluorescent staining of coronary arteries showed a similar A2A AR upregulation in both sexes of ApoE KO mice. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that during atherosclerosis, female mice are more susceptible to NO-dependent endothelial dysfunction and the upregulation of A2A AR may serve as a compensatory mechanism to counteract the compromised endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.,Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences and West Virginia Clinical & Translational Science Institute, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Bunyen Teng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.,Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences and West Virginia Clinical & Translational Science Institute, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - S J Mustafa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.,Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences and West Virginia Clinical & Translational Science Institute, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
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Arsyad A, Dobson GP. Adenosine relaxation in isolated rat aortic rings and possible roles of smooth muscle Kv channels, KATP channels and A2a receptors. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2016; 17:23. [PMID: 27211886 PMCID: PMC4876563 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-016-0067-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An area of ongoing controversy is the role adenosine to regulate vascular tone in conduit vessels that regulate compliance, and the role of nitric oxide (NO), potassium channels and receptor subtypes involved. The aim of our study was to investigate adenosine relaxation in rat thoracic aortic rings, and the effect of inhibitors of NO, prostanoids, Kv, KATP channels, and A2a and A2b receptors. METHODS Aortic rings were freshly harvested from adult male Sprague Dawley rats and equilibrated in an organ bath containing oxygenated, modified Krebs-Henseleit solution, 11 mM glucose, pH 7.4, 37 °C. Isolated rings were pre-contracted sub-maximally with 0.3 μM norepinephrine (NE), and the effect of increasing concentrations of adenosine (1 to 1000 μM) were examined. The drugs L-NAME, indomethacin, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), glibenclamide, 5-hydroxydecanoate, ouabain, 8-(3-chlorostyryl) caffeine and PSB-0788 were examined in intact and denuded rings. Rings were tested for viability after each experiment. RESULTS Adenosine induced a dose-dependent, triphasic relaxation response, and the mechanical removal of the endothelium significantly deceased adenosine relaxation above 10 μM. Interestingly, endothelial removal significantly decreased the responsiveness (defined as % relaxation per μM adenosine) by two-thirds between 10 and 100 μM, but not in the lower (1-10 μM) or higher (>100 μM) ranges. In intact rings, L-NAME significantly reduced relaxation, but not indomethacin. Antagonists of voltage-dependent Kv (4-AP), sarcolemma KATP (glibenclamide) and mitochondrial KATP channels (5-HD) led to significant reductions in relaxation in both intact and denuded rings, with ouabain having little or no effect. Adenosine-induced relaxation appeared to involve the A2a receptor, but not the A2b subtype. CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that adenosine relaxation in NE-precontracted rat aortic rings was triphasic and endothelium-dependent above 10 μM, and relaxation involved endothelial nitric oxide (not prostanoids) and a complex interplay between smooth muscle A2a subtype and voltage-dependent Kv, SarcKATP and MitoKATP channels. The possible in vivo significance of the regulation of arterial compliance to left ventricular function coupling is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryadi Arsyad
- Physiology Department, Medical Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan, Km. 10, Tamalanrea, Makassar, 90213, Indonesia
| | - Geoffrey P Dobson
- Heart, Trauma and Sepsis Research Laboratory, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, 1 James Cook Drive, Queensland, 4811, Australia.
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Lamb IR, Murrant CL. Potassium inhibits nitric oxide and adenosine arteriolar vasodilatation via K(IR) and Na(+)/K(+) ATPase: implications for redundancy in active hyperaemia. J Physiol 2015; 593:5111-26. [PMID: 26426256 DOI: 10.1113/jp270613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Redundancy, in active hyperaemia, where one vasodilator can compensate for another if the first is missing, would require that one vasodilator inhibits the effects of another; therefore, if the first vasodilator is inhibited, its inhibitory influence on the second vasodilator is removed and the second vasodilator exerts a greater vasodilatory effect. We aimed to determine whether vasodilators relevant to skeletal muscle contraction [potassium chloride (KCl), adenosine (ADO) and nitric oxide] inhibit one another and, in addition, to investigate the mechanisms for this interaction. We used the hamster cremaster muscle and intravital microscopy to directly visualize 2A arterioles when exposed to a range of concentrations of one vasodilator [10(-8) to 10(-5) M S-nitroso-N-acetyl penicillamine (SNAP), 10(-8) to 10(-5) M ADO, 10 and 20 mM KCl] in the absence and then in the presence of a second vasodilator (10(-7) M ADO, 10(-7) M SNAP, 10 mM KCl). We found that KCl significantly attenuated SNAP-induced vasodilatations by ∼65.8% and vasodilatations induced by 10(-8) to 10(-6) M ADO by ∼72.8%. Furthermore, we observed that inhibition of KCl vasodilatation, by antagonizing either Na(+)/K(+) ATPase using ouabain or inward rectifying potassium channels using barium chloride, could restore the SNAP-induced vasodilatation by up to ∼53.9% and 30.6%, respectively, and also restore the ADO-induced vasodilatations by up to ∼107% and 76.7%, respectively. Our data show that vasodilators relevant to muscle contraction can interact in a way that alters the effectiveness of other vasodilators. These data suggest that active hyperaemia may be the result of complex interactions between multiple vasodilators via a redundant control paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain R Lamb
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Coral L Murrant
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Murrant CL, Sarelius IH. Local control of blood flow during active hyperaemia: what kinds of integration are important? J Physiol 2015; 593:4699-711. [PMID: 26314391 DOI: 10.1113/jp270205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The focus of this review is on local mechanisms modifying arteriolar resistance to match blood flow to metabolism. In skeletal muscle many local mediators are known, including K(+) , nitric oxide (NO), purines and prostaglandins. Each accounts for about 30% of the response; it is widely held that these act redundantly: this concept awaits systematic testing. Understanding signal integration also requires consideration of microvascular network morphology in relation to local communication pathways between endothelial and smooth muscle cells (which are critical for many local responses, including dilatation to skeletal muscle contraction) and in relation to the spread of vasodilator signals up- and downstream throughout the network. Mechanisms mediating the spread of dilatation from local to remote sites have been well studied using acetylcholine (ACh), but remote dilatations to contraction of skeletal muscle fibres also occur. Importantly, these mechanisms clearly differ from those initiated by ACh, but much remains undefined. Furthermore, capillaries contribute to metabolic dilatation as they dilate arterioles directly upstream in response to vasoactive agents or contraction of adjacent muscle fibres. Given the dispersed arrangement of motor units, precise matching of flow to metabolism is not attainable unless signals are initiated only by 'active' capillaries. As motor units are recruited, signals that direct blood flow towards these active fibres will eventually be supported by local and spreading responses in the arterioles associated with those fibres. Thus, mechanisms of integration of vasodilator signalling across elements of the microvasculature remain an important area of focus for new studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coral L Murrant
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Ingrid H Sarelius
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
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Abstract
Brown or beige fat activation can cause potent anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects. In a study recently published in Nature, Gnad et al. show that adenosine is a novel activator of brown and beige fat that acts through the A2A receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy K Rines
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Francisco Verdeguer
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Pere Puigserver
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Chiu GS, Freund GG. Modulation of neuroimmunity by adenosine and its receptors: metabolism to mental illness. Metabolism 2014; 63:1491-8. [PMID: 25308443 PMCID: PMC4252699 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine is a pleiotropic bioactive with potent neuromodulatory properties. Due to its ability to easily cross the blood-brain barrier, it can act as a signaling molecule between the periphery and the brain. It functions through four (A1, A2A, A2B, and A3) cell surface G protein-coupled adenosine receptors (ARs) that are expressed in some combination on nearly all cells types within the CNS. By regulating the activity of adenylyl cyclase and changing the intracellular concentration of cAMP, adenosine can alter neuronal function and neurotransmission. A variety of illnesses related to metabolic dysregulation, such as type 1 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease, are associated with an elevated serum concentration of adenosine and a pathogenesis rooted in inflammation. This review describes the accepted physiologic function of adenosine in neurological disease and explores its new potential as a peripheral to central danger signal that can activate the neuroimmune system and contribute to symptoms of sickness and psychopathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel S Chiu
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana IL, USA; Department of Pathology, Program in Integrative Immunology and Behavior, University of Illinois, Urbana IL, USA
| | - Gregory G Freund
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana IL, USA; Department of Pathology, Program in Integrative Immunology and Behavior, University of Illinois, Urbana IL, USA; Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana IL, USA.
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