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Radak Z, Pan L, Zhou L, Mozaffaritabar S, Gu Y, A Pinho R, Zheng X, Ba X, Boldogh I. Epigenetic and "redoxogenetic" adaptation to physical exercise. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 210:65-74. [PMID: 37977212 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Exercise-induced adaptation is achieved by altering the epigenetic landscape of the entire genome leading to the expression of genes involved in various processes including regulatory, metabolic, adaptive, immune, and myogenic functions. Clinical and experimental data suggest that the methylation pattern/levels of promoter/enhancer is not linearly correlated with gene expression and proteome levels during physical activity implying a level of complexity and interplay with other regulatory modulators. It has been shown that a higher level of physical fitness is associated with a slower DNA methylation-based aging clock. There is strong evidence supporting exercise-induced ROS being a key regulatory mediator through overlapping events, both as signaling entities and through oxidative modifications to various protein mediators and DNA molecules. ROS generated by physical activity shapes epigenome both directly and indirectly, a complexity we are beginning to unravel within the epigenetic arrangement. Oxidative modification of guanine to 8-oxoguanine is a non-genotoxic alteration, does not distort DNA helix and serves as an epigenetic-like mark. The reader and eraser of oxidized guanine is the 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1, contributing to changes in gene expression. In fact, it can modulate methylation patterns of promoters/enhancers consequently leading to multiple phenotypic changes. Here, we provide evidence and discuss the potential roles of exercise-induced ROS in altering cytosine methylation patterns during muscle adaptation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Radak
- Research Center for Molecular Exercise Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, 1123, Budapest, Hungary; Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, 359-1192, Japan.
| | - Lang Pan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX77555, USA
| | - Lei Zhou
- Research Center for Molecular Exercise Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, 1123, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Soroosh Mozaffaritabar
- Research Center for Molecular Exercise Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, 1123, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ricardo A Pinho
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Xu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX77555, USA
| | - Xueqing Ba
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX77555, USA
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX77555, USA
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2
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Tapryal N, Chakraborty A, Saha K, Islam A, Pan L, Hosoki K, Sayed IM, Duran JM, Alcantara J, Castillo V, Tindle C, Sarker AH, Wakamiya M, Cardenas VJ, Sharma G, Crotty Alexander LE, Sur S, Sahoo D, Ghosh G, Das S, Ghosh P, Boldogh I, Hazra TK. The DNA glycosylase NEIL2 is protective during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8169. [PMID: 38071370 PMCID: PMC10710473 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43938-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced aggravation of host innate immune response not only causes tissue damage and multiorgan failure in COVID-19 patients but also induces host genome damage and activates DNA damage response pathways. To test whether the compromised DNA repair capacity of individuals modulates the severity of COVID-19 infection, we analyze DNA repair gene expression in publicly available patient datasets and observe a lower level of the DNA glycosylase NEIL2 in the lungs of severely infected COVID-19 patients. This observation of lower NEIL2 levels is further validated in infected patients, hamsters and ACE2 receptor-expressing human A549 (A549-ACE2) cells. Furthermore, delivery of recombinant NEIL2 in A549-ACE2 cells shows decreased expression of proinflammatory genes and viral E-gene, as well as lowers the yield of viral progeny compared to mock-treated cells. Mechanistically, NEIL2 cooperatively binds to the 5'-UTR of SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA to block viral protein synthesis. Collectively, these data strongly suggest that the maintenance of basal NEIL2 levels is critical for the protective response of hosts to viral infection and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Tapryal
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Anirban Chakraborty
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Kaushik Saha
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University-AP, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, 522240, India
| | - Azharul Islam
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Lang Pan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Koa Hosoki
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ibrahim M Sayed
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Science, University of Massachusetts-Lowell, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Jason M Duran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, UC San Diego Medical Center, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Joshua Alcantara
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Vanessa Castillo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Courtney Tindle
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Altaf H Sarker
- Department of Cancer and DNA Damage Responses, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Maki Wakamiya
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Victor J Cardenas
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Gulshan Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | | | - Sanjiv Sur
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Debashis Sahoo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jacob's School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Gourisankar Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| | - Soumita Das
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Science, University of Massachusetts-Lowell, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA.
| | - Pradipta Ghosh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
| | - Tapas K Hazra
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
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3
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Zhao X, Ma Y, Shi M, Huang M, Xin J, Ci S, Chen M, Jiang T, Hu Z, He L, Pan F, Guo Z. Excessive iron inhibits insulin secretion via perturbing transcriptional regulation of SYT7 by OGG1. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:159. [PMID: 37209177 PMCID: PMC11072990 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04802-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Although iron overload is closely related to the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the specific mechanism is unclear. Here, we found that excessive iron inhibited the secretion of insulin (INS) and impaired islet β cell function through downregulating Synaptotagmin 7 (SYT7) in iron overload model in vivo and in vitro. Our results further demonstrated that 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1), a key protein in the DNA base excision repair, was an upstream regulator of SYT7. Interestingly, such regulation could be suppressed by excessive iron. Ogg1-null mice, iron overload mice and db/db mice exhibit reduced INS secretion, weakened β cell function and subsequently impaired glucose tolerance. Notably, SYT7 overexpression could rescue these phenotypes. Our data revealed an intrinsic mechanism by which excessive iron inhibits INS secretion through perturbing the transcriptional regulation of SYT7 by OGG1, which suggested that SYT7 was a potential target in clinical therapy for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingqi Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Munan Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Miaoling Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jingyu Xin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shusheng Ci
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meimei Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhigang Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lingfeng He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Feiyan Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Zhigang Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Zheng X, Zhang W, Hu Y, Zhao Z, Wu J, Zhang X, Hao F, Han J, Xu J, Hao W, Wang R, Tian M, Radak Z, Nakabeppu Y, Boldogh I, Ba X. DNA repair byproduct 8-oxoguanine base promotes myoblast differentiation. Redox Biol 2023; 61:102634. [PMID: 36827746 PMCID: PMC9982643 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle contraction increases the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which has been acknowledged as key signaling entities in muscle remodeling and to underlie the healthy adaptation of skeletal muscle. ROS inevitably endows damage to various cellular molecules including DNA. DNA damage ought to be repaired to ensure genome integrity; yet, how DNA repair byproducts affect muscle adaptation remains elusive. Here, we showed that exercise elicited the generation of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG), that was primarily found in mitochondrial genome of myofibers. Upon exercise, TA muscle's 8-oxoG excision capacity markedly enhanced, and in the interstitial fluid of TA muscle from the post-exercise mice, the level of free 8-oxoG base was significantly increased. Addition of 8-oxoG to myoblasts triggered myogenic differentiation via activating Ras-MEK-MyoD signal axis. 8-Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase1 (OGG1) silencing from cells or Ogg1 KO from mice decreased Ras activation, ERK phosphorylation, MyoD transcriptional activation, myogenic regulatory factors gene (MRFs) expression. In reconstruction experiments, exogenously added 8-oxoG base enhanced the expression of MRFs and accelerated the recovery of the injured skeletal muscle. Collectively, these data not only suggest that DNA repair metabolite 8-oxoG function as a signal entity for muscle remodeling and contribute to exercise-induced adaptation of skeletal muscle, but also raised the potential for utilizing 8-oxoG in clinical treatment to skeletal muscle damage-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China; School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Wenhe Zhang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Yinchao Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China; School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Zhexuan Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China; School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Jiaxin Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China; School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China; School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Fengqi Hao
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China; School of Physical Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Jinling Han
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China; School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Jing Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China; School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Wenjing Hao
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ruoxi Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Meihong Tian
- School of Physical Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Zsolt Radak
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, H-1123, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Yusaku Nakabeppu
- Division of Neurofunctional Genomics, Department of Immunobiology and Neuroscience, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX77555, USA
| | - Xueqing Ba
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China; School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China.
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5
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OGG1 in the Kidney: Beyond Base Excision Repair. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5774641. [PMID: 36620083 PMCID: PMC9822757 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5774641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
8-Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) is a repair protein for 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) in eukaryotic atopic DNA. Through the initial base excision repair (BER) pathway, 8-oxoG is recognized and excised, and subsequently, other proteins are recruited to complete the repair. OGG1 is primarily located in the cytoplasm and can enter the nucleus and mitochondria to repair damaged DNA or to exert epigenetic regulation of gene transcription. OGG1 is involved in a wide range of physiological processes, such as DNA repair, oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and autophagy. In recent years, studies have found that OGG1 plays an important role in the progression of kidney diseases through repairing DNA, inducing inflammation, regulating autophagy and other transcriptional regulation, and governing protein interactions and functions during disease and injury. In particular, the epigenetic effects of OGG1 in kidney disease have gradually attracted widespread attention. This study reviews the structure and biological functions of OGG1 and the regulatory mechanism of OGG1 in kidney disease. In addition, the possibility of OGG1 as a potential therapeutic target in kidney disease is discussed.
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The Role of DNA Damage and Repair in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112292. [PMID: 36421478 PMCID: PMC9687113 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The mortality rate of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) increases yearly due to ineffective treatment. Given that the lung is exposed to the external environment, it is likely that oxidative stress, especially the stimulation of DNA, would be of particular importance in pulmonary fibrosis. DNA damage is known to play an important role in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis initiation, so DNA repair systems targeting damage are also crucial for the survival of lung cells. Although many contemporary reports have summarized the role of individual DNA damage and repair pathways in their hypotheses, they have not focused on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. This review, therefore, aims to provide a concise overview for researchers to understand the pathways of DNA damage and repair and their roles in IPF.
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Lodato MA, Ziegenfuss JS. The two faces of DNA oxidation in genomic and functional mosaicism during aging in human neurons. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:991460. [PMID: 36313183 PMCID: PMC9596766 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.991460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Maintaining genomic integrity in post-mitotic neurons in the human brain is paramount because these cells must survive for an individual's entire lifespan. Due to life-long synaptic plasticity and electrochemical transmission between cells, the brain engages in an exceptionally high level of mitochondrial metabolic activity. This activity results in the generation of reactive oxygen species with 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG) being one of the most prevalent oxidation products in the cell. 8-oxoG is important for the maintenance and transfer of genetic information into proper gene expression: a low basal level of 8-oxoG plays an important role in epigenetic modulation of neurodevelopment and synaptic plasticity, while a dysregulated increase in 8-oxoG damages the genome leading to somatic mutations and transcription errors. The slow yet persistent accumulation of DNA damage in the background of increasing cellular 8-oxoG is associated with normal aging as well as neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. This review explores the current understanding of how 8-oxoG plays a role in brain function and genomic instability, highlighting new methods being used to advance pathological hallmarks that differentiate normal healthy aging and neurodegenerative disease.
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Bangalore DM, Tessmer I. Direct hOGG1-Myc interactions inhibit hOGG1 catalytic activity and recruit Myc to its promoters under oxidative stress. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:10385-10398. [PMID: 36156093 PMCID: PMC9561264 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The base excision repair (BER) glycosylase hOGG1 (human oxoguanine glycosylase 1) is responsible for repairing oxidative lesions in the genome, in particular oxidised guanine bases (oxoG). In addition, a role of hOGG1 in transcription regulation by recruitment of various transcription factors has been reported. Here, we demonstrate direct interactions between hOGG1 and the medically important oncogene transcription factor Myc that is involved in transcription initiation of a large number of genes including inflammatory genes. Using single molecule atomic force microscopy (AFM), we reveal recruitment of Myc to its E-box promoter recognition sequence by hOGG1 specifically under oxidative stress conditions, and conformational changes in hOGG1-Myc complexes at oxoG lesions that suggest loading of Myc at oxoG lesions by hOGG1. Importantly, our data show suppression of hOGG1 catalytic activity in oxoG repair by Myc. Furthermore, mutational analyses implicate the C28 residue in hOGG1 in oxidation induced protein dimerisation and suggest a role of hOGG1 dimerisation under oxidising conditions in hOGG1-Myc interactions. From our data we develop a mechanistic model for Myc recruitment by hOGG1 under oxidising, inflammatory conditions, which may be responsible for the observed enhanced gene expression of Myc target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Disha M Bangalore
- Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Josef Schneider Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ingrid Tessmer
- Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Josef Schneider Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
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Small molecule-mediated allosteric activation of the base excision repair enzyme 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase and its impact on mitochondrial function. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14685. [PMID: 36038587 PMCID: PMC9424235 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18878-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
8-Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) initiates base excision repair of the oxidative DNA damage product 8-oxoguanine. OGG1 is bifunctional; catalyzing glycosyl bond cleavage, followed by phosphodiester backbone incision via a β-elimination apurinic lyase reaction. The product from the glycosylase reaction, 8-oxoguanine, and its analogues, 8-bromoguanine and 8-aminoguanine, trigger the rate-limiting AP lyase reaction. The precise activation mechanism remains unclear. The product-assisted catalysis hypothesis suggests that 8-oxoguanine and analogues bind at the product recognition (PR) pocket to enhance strand cleavage as catalytic bases. Alternatively, they may allosterically activate OGG1 by binding outside of the PR pocket to induce an active-site conformational change to accelerate apurinic lyase. Herein, steady-state kinetic analyses demonstrated random binding of substrate and activator. 9-Deazaguanine, which can't function as a substrate-competent base, activated OGG1, albeit with a lower Emax value than 8-bromoguanine and 8-aminoguanine. Random compound screening identified small molecules with Emax values similar to 8-bromoguanine. Paraquat-induced mitochondrial dysfunction was attenuated by several small molecule OGG1 activators; benefits included enhanced mitochondrial membrane and DNA integrity, less cytochrome c translocation, ATP preservation, and mitochondrial membrane dynamics. Our results support an allosteric mechanism of OGG1 and not product-assisted catalysis. OGG1 small molecule activators may improve mitochondrial function in oxidative stress-related diseases.
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10
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Li J, Wang ZH, Dang YM, Li DN, Liu Z, Dai DP, Cai JP. MTH1 suppression enhances the stemness of MCF7 through upregulation of STAT3. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 188:447-458. [PMID: 35809767 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.06.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
MTH1 protein can sanitize the damaged (d)NTP pool and MTH1 inhibitors have been developed to impede the growth of rapidly proliferating tumor cells; however, the effect of MTH1 inhibition on breast cancer stemness has not been reported yet. Here, we constructed breast cancer cell lines with the stable depletion of MTH1. MTH1 suppression clearly increased the ratio of CD44+CD24-/low subpopulations and promoted the formation of tumorspheres in MCF7 and T47D cells. RNA expression profiling, RT-qPCR and Western blotting showed the upregulation of master stem cell transcription factors Sox2, Oct4 and Nanog in MTH1 knockdown cells. GSEA suggested and Western blotting verified that MTH1 knockdown increased the expression of phosphorylated STAT3 (Tyr705). Furthermore, we indirectly demonstrated that the increased concentration of 8-oxo-dGTP and 8-oxo-GTP in MTH1-knockdown cells and exogenous 8-oxoGTP, rather than 8-oxo-dGTP, could significantly increase the phosphorylation of STAT3. In conclusion, this work indicates that MTH1 inhibition increased the proportion of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) and promoted stemness properties in MCF7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PR China
| | - Zi-Hui Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PR China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ya-Min Dang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PR China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Dan-Ni Li
- The Clinical Laboratory of Beijing Hospital, Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhen Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PR China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Da-Peng Dai
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PR China
| | - Jian-Ping Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PR China.
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11
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Michel M, Benítez-Buelga C, Calvo PA, Hanna BMF, Mortusewicz O, Masuyer G, Davies J, Wallner O, Sanjiv K, Albers JJ, Castañeda-Zegarra S, Jemth AS, Visnes T, Sastre-Perona A, Danda AN, Homan EJ, Marimuthu K, Zhenjun Z, Chi CN, Sarno A, Wiita E, von Nicolai C, Komor AJ, Rajagopal V, Müller S, Hank EC, Varga M, Scaletti ER, Pandey M, Karsten S, Haslene-Hox H, Loevenich S, Marttila P, Rasti A, Mamonov K, Ortis F, Schömberg F, Loseva O, Stewart J, D'Arcy-Evans N, Koolmeister T, Henriksson M, Michel D, de Ory A, Acero L, Calvete O, Scobie M, Hertweck C, Vilotijevic I, Kalderén C, Osorio A, Perona R, Stolz A, Stenmark P, Berglund UW, de Vega M, Helleday T. Small-molecule activation of OGG1 increases oxidative DNA damage repair by gaining a new function. Science 2022; 376:1471-1476. [PMID: 35737787 DOI: 10.1126/science.abf8980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative DNA damage is recognized by 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1), which excises 8-oxoG, leaving a substrate for apurinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) and initiating repair. Here, we describe a small molecule (TH10785) that interacts with the phenylalanine-319 and glycine-42 amino acids of OGG1, increases the enzyme activity 10-fold, and generates a previously undescribed β,δ-lyase enzymatic function. TH10785 controls the catalytic activity mediated by a nitrogen base within its molecular structure. In cells, TH10785 increases OGG1 recruitment to and repair of oxidative DNA damage. This alters the repair process, which no longer requires APE1 but instead is dependent on polynucleotide kinase phosphatase (PNKP1) activity. The increased repair of oxidative DNA lesions with a small molecule may have therapeutic applications in various diseases and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice Michel
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carlos Benítez-Buelga
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.,Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC/UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia A Calvo
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bishoy M F Hanna
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oliver Mortusewicz
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Geoffrey Masuyer
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Centre for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonathan Davies
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olov Wallner
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kumar Sanjiv
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julian J Albers
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sergio Castañeda-Zegarra
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ann-Sofie Jemth
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torkild Visnes
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, N-7465 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ana Sastre-Perona
- Experimental Therapies and Novel Biomarkers in Cancer, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Akhilesh N Danda
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Evert J Homan
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karthick Marimuthu
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhao Zhenjun
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Celestine N Chi
- Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Antonio Sarno
- Department of Environment and New Resources, SINTEF Ocean, N-7496 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Elisée Wiita
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Catharina von Nicolai
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna J Komor
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute, Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Varshni Rajagopal
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sarah Müller
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emily C Hank
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marek Varga
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma R Scaletti
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Monica Pandey
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.,Sheffield Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Stella Karsten
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hanne Haslene-Hox
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, N-7465 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Simon Loevenich
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, N-7465 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Petra Marttila
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Azita Rasti
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kirill Mamonov
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Florian Ortis
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fritz Schömberg
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Olga Loseva
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Josephine Stewart
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicholas D'Arcy-Evans
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tobias Koolmeister
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Henriksson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dana Michel
- Chemical Processes and Pharmaceutical Development, Unit Process Chemistry I, Research Institutes of Sweden - RISE, 151 36 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Ana de Ory
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lucia Acero
- Experimental Therapies and Novel Biomarkers in Cancer, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Oriol Calvete
- Familial Cancer Clinical Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Martin Scobie
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christian Hertweck
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute, Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ivan Vilotijevic
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Christina Kalderén
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ana Osorio
- Familial Cancer Clinical Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Perona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC/UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexandra Stolz
- Institute of Biochemistry II and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Science, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Pål Stenmark
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Warpman Berglund
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miguel de Vega
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Thomas Helleday
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.,Sheffield Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
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12
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OGG1 in Lung—More than Base Excision Repair. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050933. [PMID: 35624797 PMCID: PMC9138115 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
As the organ executing gas exchange and directly facing the external environment, the lungs are challenged continuously by various stimuli, causing the disequilibration of redox homeostasis and leading to pulmonary diseases. The breakdown of oxidants/antioxidants system happens when the overproduction of free radicals results in an excess over the limitation of cleaning capability, which could lead to the oxidative modification of macromolecules including nucleic acids. The most common type of oxidative base, 8-oxoG, is considered the marker of DNA oxidative damage. The appearance of 8-oxoG could lead to base mismatch and its accumulation might end up as tumorigenesis. The base 8-oxoG was corrected by base excision repair initiated by 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase-1 (OGG1), which recognizes 8-oxoG from the genome and excises it from the DNA double strand, generating an AP site for further processing. Aside from its function in DNA damage repairment, it has been reported that OGG1 takes part in the regulation of gene expression, derived from its DNA binding characteristic, and showed impacts on inflammation. Researchers believe that OGG1 could be the potential therapy target for relative disease. This review intends to make an overall summary of the mechanism through which OGG1 regulates gene expression and the role of OGG1 in pulmonary diseases.
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13
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Behrouzi A, Xia H, Thompson EL, Kelley MR, Fehrenbacher JC. Oxidative DNA Damage and Cisplatin Neurotoxicity Is Exacerbated by Inhibition of OGG1 Glycosylase Activity and APE1 Endonuclease Activity in Sensory Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031909. [PMID: 35163831 PMCID: PMC8836551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin can induce peripheral neuropathy, which is a common complication of anti-cancer treatment and negatively impacts cancer survivors during and after completion of treatment; therefore, the mechanisms by which cisplatin alters sensory neuronal function to elicit neuropathy are the subject of much investigation. Our previous work suggests that the DNA repair activity of APE1/Ref-1, the rate-limiting enzyme of the base excision repair (BER) pathway, is critical for neuroprotection against cisplatin. A specific role for 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase-1 (OGG1), the glycosylase that removes the most common oxidative DNA lesion, and putative coordination of OGG1 with APE1/Ref-1 in sensory neurons, has not been investigated. We investigated whether inhibiting OGG1 glycosylase activity with the small molecule inhibitor, TH5487, and/or APE1/Ref-1 endonuclease activity with APE Repair Inhibitor III would alter the neurotoxic effects of cisplatin in sensory neuronal cultures. Sensory neuron function was assessed by calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) release, as a marker of sensitivity and by neurite outgrowth. Cisplatin altered neuropeptide release in an inverse U-shaped fashion, with low concentrations enhancing and higher concentrations diminishing CGRP release. Pretreatment with BER inhibitors exacerbated the functional effects of cisplatin and enhanced 8oxo-dG and adduct lesions in the presence of cisplatin. Our studies demonstrate that inhibition of OGG1 and APE1 endonuclease activity enhances oxidative DNA damage and exacerbates neurotoxicity, thus limiting oxidative DNA damage in sensory neurons that might alleviate cisplatin-induced neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adib Behrouzi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (A.B.); (H.X.); (E.L.T.); (M.R.K.)
| | - Hanyu Xia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (A.B.); (H.X.); (E.L.T.); (M.R.K.)
| | - Eric L. Thompson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (A.B.); (H.X.); (E.L.T.); (M.R.K.)
| | - Mark R. Kelley
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (A.B.); (H.X.); (E.L.T.); (M.R.K.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jill C. Fehrenbacher
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-317-274-8360
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14
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Bhatia S, Arslan E, Rodriguez-Hernandez L, Bonin R, Wells PG. DNA damage and repair and epigenetic modification in the role of oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (OGG1) in brain development. Toxicol Sci 2022; 187:93-111. [PMID: 35038743 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (OGG1) repairs the predominant reactive oxygen species (ROS)-initiated DNA lesion 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG). Human OGG1 polymorphisms resulting in reduced DNA repair associate with an increased risk for disorders like cancer and diabetes, but the role of OGG1 in brain development is unclear. Herein, we show that Ogg1 knockout mice at 2-3 months of age exhibit enhanced gene- and sex-dependent DNA damage (strand breaks) and decreased epigenetic DNA methylation marks (5-methylcytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine), both of which were associated with increased cerebellar calbindin levels, reduced hippocampal postsynaptic function, altered body weight with age and disorders of brain function reflected in behavioural tests for goal-directed repetitive behaviour, anxiety and fear, object recognition and spatial memory, motor coordination and startle response. These results suggest that OGG1 plays an important role in normal brain development, possibly via both its DNA repair activity and its role as an epigenetic modifier, with OGG1 deficiencies potentially contributing to neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shama Bhatia
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Pharmaceutical Oncology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eliyas Arslan
- Dept. of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luis Rodriguez-Hernandez
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Bonin
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter G Wells
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Pharmaceutical Oncology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dept. of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Chakraborty A, Tapryal N, Islam A, Mitra S, Hazra T. Transcription coupled base excision repair in mammalian cells: So little is known and so much to uncover. DNA Repair (Amst) 2021; 107:103204. [PMID: 34390916 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Oxidized bases in the genome has been implicated in various human pathologies, including cancer, aging and neurological diseases. Their repair is initiated with excision by DNA glycosylases (DGs) in the base excision repair (BER) pathway. Among the five oxidized base-specific human DGs, OGG1 and NTH1 preferentially excise oxidized purines and pyrimidines, respectively, while NEILs remove both oxidized purines and pyrimidines. However, little is known about why cells possess multiple DGs with overlapping substrate specificities. Studies of the past decades revealed that some DGs are involved in repair of oxidized DNA base lesions in the actively transcribed regions. Preferential removal of lesions from the transcribed strands of active genes, called transcription-coupled repair (TCR), was discovered as a distinct sub-pathway of nucleotide excision repair; however, such repair of oxidized DNA bases had not been established until our recent demonstration of NEIL2's role in TC-BER of the nuclear genome. We have shown that NEIL2 forms a distinct transcriptionally active, repair proficient complex. More importantly, we for the first time reconstituted TC-BER using purified components. These studies are important for characterizing critical requirement for the process. However, because NEIL2 cannot remove all types of oxidized bases, it is unlikely to be the only DNA glycosylase involved in TC-BER. Hence, we postulate TC-BER process to be universally involved in maintaining the functional integrity of active genes, especially in post-mitotic, non-growing cells. We further postulate that abnormal bases (e.g., uracil), and alkylated and other small DNA base adducts are also repaired via TC-BER. In this review, we have provided an overview of the various aspects of TC-BER in mammalian cells with the hope of generating significant interest of many researchers in the field. Further studies aimed at better understanding the mechanistic aspects of TC-BER could help elucidate the linkage of TC-BER deficiency to various human pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Chakraborty
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
| | - Nisha Tapryal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Azharul Islam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Sankar Mitra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tapas Hazra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
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16
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Beltzig L, Frumkina A, Schwarzenbach C, Kaina B. Cytotoxic, Genotoxic and Senolytic Potential of Native and Micellar Curcumin. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072385. [PMID: 34371895 PMCID: PMC8308652 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcumin, a natural polyphenol and the principal bioactive compound in Curcuma longa, was reported to have anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic and anti-rheumatic activity. Curcumin is not only considered for preventive, but also for therapeutic, purposes in cancer therapy, which requires a killing effect on cancer cells. A drawback, however, is the low bioavailability of curcumin due to its insolubility in water. To circumvent this limitation, curcumin was administered in different water-soluble formulations, including liposomes or embedded into nanoscaled micelles. The high uptake rate of micellar curcumin makes it attractive also for cancer therapeutic strategies. Native curcumin solubilised in organic solvent was previously shown to be cytotoxic and bears a genotoxic potential. Corresponding studies with micellar curcumin are lacking. METHODS We compared the cytotoxic and genotoxic activity of native curcumin solubilised in ethanol (Cur-E) with curcumin embedded in micells (Cur-M). We measured cell death by MTT assays, apoptosis, necrosis by flow cytometry, senolysis by MTT and C12FDG and genotoxicity by FPG-alkaline and neutral singe-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). RESULTS Using a variety of primary and established cell lines, we show that Cur-E and Cur-M reduce the viability in all cell types in the same dose range. Cur-E and Cur-M induced dose-dependently apoptosis, but did not exhibit senolytic activity. In the cytotoxic dose range, Cur-E and Cur-M were positive in the alkaline and the neutral comet assay. Genotoxic effects vanished upon removal of curcumin, indicating efficient and complete repair of DNA damage. For inducing cell death, which was measured 48 h after the onset of treatment, permanent exposure was required while 60 min pulse-treatment was ineffective. In all assays, Cur-E and Cur-M were equally active, and the concentration above which significant cytotoxic and genotoxic effects were observed was 10 µM. Micelles not containing curcumin were completely inactive. CONCLUSIONS The data show that micellar curcumin has the same cytotoxicity and genotoxicity profile as native curcumin. The effective concentration on different cell lines, including primary cells, was far above the curcumin concentration that can be achieved systemically in vivo, which leads us to conclude that native curcumin and curcumin administered as food supplement in a micellar formulation at the ADI level are not cytotoxic/genotoxic, indicating a wide margin of safety.
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17
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Simultaneous Expression of Th1- and Treg-Associated Chemokine Genes and CD4 +, CD8 +, and Foxp3 + Cells in the Premalignant Lesions of 4NQO-Induced Mouse Tongue Tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081835. [PMID: 33921389 PMCID: PMC8069711 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines and cytokines in the tumor microenvironment influence immune cell infiltration and activation. To elucidate their role in immune cell recruitment during oral cancer development, we generated a mouse tongue cancer model using the carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO) and investigated the carcinogenetic process and chemokine/cytokine gene expression kinetics in the mouse tongue. C57/BL6 mice were administered 4NQO in drinking water, after which tongues were dissected at 16 and 28 weeks and subjected to analysis using the RT2 Profiler PCR Array, qRT-PCR, and pathologic and immunohistochemical analyses. We found that Th1-associated chemokine/cytokine (Cxcl9, Cxcl10, Ccl5, and Ifng) and Treg-associated chemokine/cytokine (Ccl17, Ccl22, and Il10) mRNA levels were simultaneously increased in premalignant lesions of 4NQO-treated mice at 16 weeks. Additionally, although levels of Gata3, a Th2 marker, were not upregulated, those of Cxcr3, Ccr4, and Foxp3 were upregulated in the tongue tissue. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the infiltration of CD4+, CD8+, and Foxp3+ cells in the tongue tissue of 4NQO-treated mice, as well as significant correlations between Th1- or Treg-associated chemokine/cytokine mRNA expression and T cell infiltration. These results indicate that CD4+, CD8+, and Foxp3+ cells were simultaneously recruited through the expression of Th1- and Treg-associated chemokines in premalignant lesions of 4NQO-induced mouse tongue tissue.
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18
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Wang W, Ma Y, Huang M, Liang W, Zhao X, Li Q, Wang S, Hu Z, He L, Gao T, Chen J, Pan F, Guo Z. Asymmetrical arginine dimethylation of histone H4 by 8-oxog/OGG1/PRMT1 is essential for oxidative stress-induced transcription activation. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 164:175-186. [PMID: 33418111 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
It has been established that 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) is the main enzyme removing oxidized guanine under oxidative stress. However, increasing evidence has shown that OGG1 is not only a base excision repair protein but also a new transcriptional coactivator involved in oxidative stress-induced gene expression. Its downstream target genes and the underlying regulatory mechanisms still need to be discerned. Here, it was discovered that c-Myc is a downstream target of OGG1 under oxidative stress and that H4R3me2a is involved in this transcriptional regulation. The increased level of H4R3me2a induced by H2O2 is regulated by OGG1, which may directly interact with the specific arginine methyltransferase PRMT1 and promote the asymmetrical dimethylation of H4R3me1. H4R3me2a enrichment on the promoter of c-Myc can recruit YY1 and activate c-Myc transcription. Moreover, knocking down OGG1 or PRMT1 suppresses c-Myc transcription under oxidative stress by downregulating H4R3me2a formation. Furthermore, the overexpression of wild type (WT) H4R3 promotes c-Myc transcription, but the expression of mutant H4R3Q does not have this effect. Taken together, our data show that the 8-oxoG/OGG1/PRMT1/H4R3me2a/YY1 axis senses oxidative stress and promotes gene transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wen Yuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wen Yuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Miaoling Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wen Yuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Weichu Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wen Yuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xingqi Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wen Yuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qianwen Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Shiwei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wen Yuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhigang Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wen Yuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lingfeng He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wen Yuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Tao Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wen Yuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jinfei Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Feiyan Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wen Yuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Zhigang Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wen Yuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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19
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Cheng C, Seen D, Zheng C, Zeng R, Li E. Role of Small GTPase RhoA in DNA Damage Response. Biomolecules 2021; 11:212. [PMID: 33546351 PMCID: PMC7913530 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has suggested a role of the small GTPase Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) in DNA damage response (DDR) in addition to its traditional function of regulating cell morphology. In DDR, 2 key components of DNA repair, ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) and flap structure-specific endonuclease 1 (FEN1), along with intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to regulate RhoA activation. In addition, Rho-specific guanine exchange factors (GEFs), neuroepithelial transforming gene 1 (Net1) and epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (Ect2), have specific functions in DDR, and they also participate in Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1)/RhoA interaction, a process which is largely unappreciated yet possibly of significance in DDR. Downstream of RhoA, current evidence has highlighted its role in mediating cell cycle arrest, which is an important step in DNA repair. Unraveling the mechanism by which RhoA modulates DDR may provide more insight into DDR itself and may aid in the future development of cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Enmin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515031, Guangdong, China; (C.C.); (D.S.); (C.Z.); (R.Z.)
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20
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Malfatti MC, Antoniali G, Codrich M, Burra S, Mangiapane G, Dalla E, Tell G. New perspectives in cancer biology from a study of canonical and non-canonical functions of base excision repair proteins with a focus on early steps. Mutagenesis 2021; 35:129-149. [PMID: 31858150 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gez051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations of DNA repair enzymes and consequential triggering of aberrant DNA damage response (DDR) pathways are thought to play a pivotal role in genomic instabilities associated with cancer development, and are further thought to be important predictive biomarkers for therapy using the synthetic lethality paradigm. However, novel unpredicted perspectives are emerging from the identification of several non-canonical roles of DNA repair enzymes, particularly in gene expression regulation, by different molecular mechanisms, such as (i) non-coding RNA regulation of tumour suppressors, (ii) epigenetic and transcriptional regulation of genes involved in genotoxic responses and (iii) paracrine effects of secreted DNA repair enzymes triggering the cell senescence phenotype. The base excision repair (BER) pathway, canonically involved in the repair of non-distorting DNA lesions generated by oxidative stress, ionising radiation, alkylation damage and spontaneous or enzymatic deamination of nucleotide bases, represents a paradigm for the multifaceted roles of complex DDR in human cells. This review will focus on what is known about the canonical and non-canonical functions of BER enzymes related to cancer development, highlighting novel opportunities to understand the biology of cancer and representing future perspectives for designing new anticancer strategies. We will specifically focus on APE1 as an example of a pleiotropic and multifunctional BER protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Clarissa Malfatti
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Giulia Antoniali
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Marta Codrich
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Silvia Burra
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Giovanna Mangiapane
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Emiliano Dalla
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Gianluca Tell
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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21
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Wang K, Maayah M, Sweasy JB, Alnajjar KS. The role of cysteines in the structure and function of OGG1. J Biol Chem 2020; 296:100093. [PMID: 33203705 PMCID: PMC7948458 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.016126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
8-Oxoguanine glycosylase (OGG1) is a base excision repair enzyme responsible for the recognition and removal of 8-oxoguanine, a commonly occurring oxidized DNA modification. OGG1 prevents the accumulation of mutations and regulates the transcription of various oxidative stress–response genes. In addition to targeting DNA, oxidative stress can affect proteins like OGG1 itself, specifically at cysteine residues. Previous work has shown that the function of OGG1 is sensitive to oxidants, with the cysteine residues of OGG1 being the most likely site of oxidation. Due to the integral role of OGG1 in maintaining cellular homeostasis under oxidative stress, it is important to understand the effect of oxidants on OGG1 and the role of cysteines in its structure and function. In this study, we investigate the role of the cysteine residues in the function of OGG1 by mutating and characterizing each cysteine residue. Our results indicate that the cysteines in OGG1 fall into four functional categories: those that are necessary for (1) glycosylase activity (C146 and C255), (2) lyase activity (C140S, C163, C241, and C253), and (3) structural stability (C253) and (4) those with no known function (C28 and C75). These results suggest that under conditions of oxidative stress, cysteine can be targeted for modifications, thus altering the response of OGG1 and affecting its downstream cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Wang
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Marah Maayah
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Joann B Sweasy
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Khadijeh S Alnajjar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
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22
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Porta M, Pumarega J, Amaral AFS, Genkinger JM, Camargo J, Mucci L, Alguacil J, Gasull M, Zhang X, Morales E, Iglesias M, Ogino S, Engel LS. Influence of KRAS mutations, persistent organic pollutants, and trace elements on survival from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 190:109781. [PMID: 32791343 PMCID: PMC7689512 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reasons why pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) continues to have poor survival are only partly known. No previous studies have analyzed the combined influence of KRAS mutations, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and trace elements upon survival in PDAC or in any other human cancer. OBJECTIVE To analyze the individual and combined influence of KRAS mutations, POPs, and trace elements upon survival from PDAC. METHODS Incident cases of PDAC (n = 185) were prospectively identified in five hospitals in Eastern Spain in 1992-1995 and interviewed face-to-face during hospital admission. KRAS mutational status was determined from tumour tissue through polymerase chain reaction and artificial restriction fragment length polymorphism. Blood and toenail samples were obtained before treatment. Serum concentrations of POPs were analyzed by high-resolution gas chromatography with electron-capture detection. Concentrations of 12 trace elements were determined in toenail samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess prognostic associations. RESULTS Patients with a KRAS mutated tumor had a 70% higher risk of early death than patients with a KRAS wild-type PDAC (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.7, p = 0.026), adjusting for age, sex, and tumor stage. KRAS mutational status was only modestly and not statistically significantly associated with survival when further adjusting by treatment or by treatment intention. The beneficial effects of treatment remained unaltered when KRAS mutational status was taken into account, and treatment did not appear to be less effective in the subgroup of patients with a KRAS mutated tumor. POPs did not materially influence survival: the adjusted HR of the highest POP tertiles was near unity for all POPs. When considering the joint effect on survival of POPs and KRAS, patients with KRAS mutated tumors had modest and nonsignificant HRs (most HRs around 1.3 to 1.4). Higher concentrations of lead, cadmium, arsenic, vanadium, and aluminium were associated with better survival. When KRAS status, POPs, and trace elements were simultaneously considered along with treatment, only the latter was statistically significantly related to survival. CONCLUSIONS In this study based on molecular, clinical, and environmental epidemiology, KRAS mutational status, POPs, and trace elements were not adversely related to PDAC survival when treatment was simultaneously considered; only treatment was independently related to survival. The lack of adverse prognostic effects of POPs and metals measured at the time of diagnosis provide scientific and clinical reassurance on the effects of such exposures upon survival of patients with PDAC. The weak association with KRAS mutations contributes to the scant knowledge on the clinical implications of a genetic alteration highly frequent in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Porta
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - José Pumarega
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - André F S Amaral
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeanine M Genkinger
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Judit Camargo
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorelei Mucci
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Juan Alguacil
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Magda Gasull
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Eva Morales
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; IMIB-Arrixaca, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia
| | - Mar Iglesias
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Lawrence S Engel
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
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23
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Qin S, Lin P, Wu Q, Pu Q, Zhou C, Wang B, Gao P, Wang Z, Gao A, Overby M, Yang J, Jiang J, Wilson DL, Tahara YK, Kool ET, Xia Z, Wu M. Small-Molecule Inhibitor of 8-Oxoguanine DNA Glycosylase 1 Regulates Inflammatory Responses during Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2020; 205:2231-2242. [PMID: 32929043 PMCID: PMC7541742 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The DNA repair enzyme 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1), which excises 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine lesions induced in DNA by reactive oxygen species, has been linked to the pathogenesis of lung diseases associated with bacterial infections. A recently developed small molecule, SU0268, has demonstrated selective inhibition of OGG1 activity; however, its role in attenuating inflammatory responses has not been tested. In this study, we report that SU0268 has a favorable effect on bacterial infection both in mouse alveolar macrophages (MH-S cells) and in C57BL/6 wild-type mice by suppressing inflammatory responses, particularly promoting type I IFN responses. SU0268 inhibited proinflammatory responses during Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA14) infection, which is mediated by the KRAS-ERK1-NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, SU0268 induces the release of type I IFN by the mitochondrial DNA-cGAS-STING-IRF3-IFN-β axis, which decreases bacterial loads and halts disease progression. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the small-molecule inhibitor of OGG1 (SU0268) can attenuate excessive inflammation and improve mouse survival rates during PA14 infection. This strong anti-inflammatory feature may render the inhibitor as an alternative treatment for controlling severe inflammatory responses to bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shugang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203
| | - Ping Lin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Qun Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qinqin Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203
| | - Chuanmin Zhou
- Wuhan University School of Health Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Biao Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203
| | - Pan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203
| | - Zhihan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; and
| | - Ashley Gao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203
| | - Madison Overby
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203
| | - Jinliang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jianxin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - David L Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford Cancer Institute, and Chemistry, Engineering and Medicine for Human Health Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Yu-Ki Tahara
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford Cancer Institute, and Chemistry, Engineering and Medicine for Human Health Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Eric T Kool
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford Cancer Institute, and Chemistry, Engineering and Medicine for Human Health Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Zhenwei Xia
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China;
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203;
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24
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Higgs EB, Godschalk R, Coltman NJ, Stewart GS, van Schooten FJ, Hodges NJ. Induction of apoptosis in Ogg1-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts by GSH depletion is independent of DNA damage. Toxicol Lett 2020; 332:27-35. [PMID: 32585298 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the cell are rapidly detoxified by antioxidants such as glutathione. Depletion of glutathione will therefore increase levels of intracellular ROS, which can lead to oxidative DNA damage and the induction of apoptosis. The working hypothesis was that Ogg1 null mouse embryonic fibroblasts (mOgg1-/- MEFs) would be more sensitive in response to GSH depletion due to their deficiency in the removal of the oxidative DNA modification, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG). Following GSH depletion, an increase in intracellular ROS and a subsequent induction of apoptosis was measured in mOgg1-/- MEFs; as expected. Unexpectedly, an elevated basal level of ROS was identified in mOgg1-/- MEFs compared to wild type MEFs; which we suggest is partly due to the differential expression of key anti-oxidant genes. The elevated basal ROS levels in mOgg1-/- MEFs were not accompanied by a deficiency in ATP production or a large increase in 8-oxoG levels. Although 8-oxoG levels did increase following GSH depletion in mOgg1-/- MEFs; this increase was significantly lower than observed following treatment with a non-toxic dose of hydrogen peroxide. Reconstitution of Ogg1 into mOgg1-/- MEFs resulted in an increased viability following glutathione depletion, however this rescue did not differ between a repair-proficient and a repair-impaired variant of Ogg1. The data indicates that induction of apoptosis in response to oxidative stress in mOgg1-/- MEFs is independent of DNA damage and OGG1-initiated DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen B Higgs
- School of Biosciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
| | - Roger Godschalk
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
| | - Nicholas J Coltman
- School of Biosciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
| | - Grant S Stewart
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
| | - Frederik-Jan van Schooten
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
| | - Nikolas J Hodges
- School of Biosciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
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Mechetin GV, Endutkin AV, Diatlova EA, Zharkov DO. Inhibitors of DNA Glycosylases as Prospective Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093118. [PMID: 32354123 PMCID: PMC7247160 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA glycosylases are enzymes that initiate the base excision repair pathway, a major biochemical process that protects the genomes of all living organisms from intrinsically and environmentally inflicted damage. Recently, base excision repair inhibition proved to be a viable strategy for the therapy of tumors that have lost alternative repair pathways, such as BRCA-deficient cancers sensitive to poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase inhibition. However, drugs targeting DNA glycosylases are still in development and so far have not advanced to clinical trials. In this review, we cover the attempts to validate DNA glycosylases as suitable targets for inhibition in the pharmacological treatment of cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, chronic inflammation, bacterial and viral infections. We discuss the glycosylase inhibitors described so far and survey the advances in the assays for DNA glycosylase reactions that may be used to screen pharmacological libraries for new active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigory V. Mechetin
- SB RAS Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, 8 Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (G.V.M.); (A.V.E.); (E.A.D.)
| | - Anton V. Endutkin
- SB RAS Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, 8 Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (G.V.M.); (A.V.E.); (E.A.D.)
| | - Evgeniia A. Diatlova
- SB RAS Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, 8 Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (G.V.M.); (A.V.E.); (E.A.D.)
| | - Dmitry O. Zharkov
- SB RAS Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, 8 Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (G.V.M.); (A.V.E.); (E.A.D.)
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-383-363-5187
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26
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Molecular Aspects of Colorectal Adenomas: The Interplay among Microenvironment, Oxidative Stress, and Predisposition. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1726309. [PMID: 32258104 PMCID: PMC7102468 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1726309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The development of colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multistep process initiated by a benign polyp that has the potential to evolve into in situ carcinoma through the interactions between environmental and genetic factors. CRC incidence rates are constantly increased for young adult patients presenting an advanced tumor stage. The majority of CRCs arise from colonic adenomas originating from aberrant cell proliferation of colon epithelium. Endoscopic polypectomy represents a tool for early detection and removal of polyps, although the occurrence of cancers after negative colonoscopy shows a significant incidence. It has long been recognized that the aberrant regulation of Wingless/It (Wnt)/β-Catenin signaling in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer is supported by its critical role in the differentiation of stem cells in intestinal crypts and in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. For this review, we will focus on the development of adenomatous polyps through the interplay between renewal signaling in the colon epithelium and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The current knowledge of molecular pathology allows us to deepen the relationships between oxidative stress and other risk factors as lifestyle, microbiota, and predisposition. We underline that the chronic inflammation and ROS production in the colon epithelium can impair the Wnt/β-catenin and/or base excision repair (BER) pathways and predispose to polyp development. In fact, the coexistence of oxidative DNA damage and errors in DNA polymerase can foster C>T transitions in various types of cancer and adenomas, leading to a hypermutated phenotype of tumor cells. Moreover, the function of Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) protein in regulating DNA repair is very important as therapeutic implication making DNA damaging chemotherapeutic agents more effective in CRC cells that tend to accumulate mutations. Additional studies will determine whether approaches based on Wnt inhibition would provide long-term therapeutic value in CRC, but it is clear that APC disruption plays a central role in driving and maintaining tumorigenesis.
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27
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Giorgio M, Dellino GI, Gambino V, Roda N, Pelicci PG. On the epigenetic role of guanosine oxidation. Redox Biol 2020; 29:101398. [PMID: 31926624 PMCID: PMC6926346 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical modifications of DNA and RNA regulate genome functions or trigger mutagenesis resulting in aging or cancer. Oxidations of macromolecules, including DNA, are common reactions in biological systems and often part of regulatory circuits rather than accidental events. DNA alterations are particularly relevant since the unique role of nuclear and mitochondrial genome is coding enduring and inheritable information. Therefore, an alteration in DNA may represent a relevant problem given its transmission to daughter cells. At the same time, the regulation of gene expression allows cells to continuously adapt to the environmental changes that occur throughout the life of the organism to ultimately maintain cellular homeostasis. Here we review the multiple ways that lead to DNA oxidation and the regulation of mechanisms activated by cells to repair this damage. Moreover, we present the recent evidence suggesting that DNA damage caused by physiological metabolism acts as epigenetic signal for regulation of gene expression. In particular, the predisposition of guanine to oxidation might reflect an adaptation to improve the genome plasticity to redox changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Giorgio
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milano, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy.
| | - Gaetano Ivan Dellino
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milano, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Gambino
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milano, Italy
| | - Niccolo' Roda
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milano, Italy
| | - Pier Giuseppe Pelicci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milano, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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28
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Bhatia S, Wells PG. Quantifying Activity for Repair of the DNA Lesion 8-Oxoguanine by Oxoguanine Glycosylase 1 (OGG1) in Mouse Adult and Fetal Brain Nuclear Extracts Using Biotin-Labeled DNA. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1965:329-349. [PMID: 31069685 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9182-2_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reactive oxygen species (ROS)-initiated DNA lesion 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) is commonly used as a biomarker to measure oxidative stress levels in tissue samples from animals and humans. This lesion also can play a pathogenic role in cancer, birth defects, and neurodegeneration, among other disorders. The level of 8-oxoG may be enhanced due to ROS-initiating environmental factors (e.g., drugs, gamma radiation, microbial infection) or due to a decrease in the activity of oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (OGG1), an enzyme that repairs this lesion. Measurement of the activity of OGG1 can be useful in elucidating mechanisms and complements measurements of 8-oxoG levels in tissues of interest. This protocol describes an assay for measuring the activity of 8-oxoG in mouse adult and fetal brain tissues. Briefly, a synthetic duplex containing the 8-oxoG residue in one of the nucleotides (49-mer), labeled with biotin at the 3'-end, is incubated with protein extract from the tissue of interest containing OGG1, which cleaves the 8-oxoG residue producing a cleavage product of ~27-mer. The percent cleavage quantifies the activity of OGG1 in that tissue. The biotin tag allows rapid and sensitive detection of the cleavage product via chemiluminescence, avoiding the problems of safety and short half-lives of radionuclides encountered in assays employing a radioactively-labeled substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shama Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Centre for Pharmaceutical Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter G Wells
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Centre for Pharmaceutical Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Pázmándi K, Sütő M, Fekete T, Varga A, Boldizsár E, Boldogh I, Bácsi A. Oxidized base 8-oxoguanine, a product of DNA repair processes, contributes to dendritic cell activation. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 143:209-220. [PMID: 31408726 PMCID: PMC6848796 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the airways caused by exposure to gas phase pollutants or particulate matter are able to activate dendritic cells (DCs); however, the exact mechanisms are still unclear. When present in excess, ROS can modify macromolecules including DNA. One of the most abundant DNA base lesions is 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), which is repaired by the 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1)-initiated base excision repair (BER) (OGG1-BER) pathway. Studies have also demonstrated that in addition to its role in repairing oxidized purines, OGG1 has guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity when bound to 8-oxoG. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that exposure to 8-oxoG, the specific product of OGG1-BER, induces functional changes of DCs. Supporting our hypothesis, transcriptome analysis revealed that in mouse lungs, out of 95 genes associated with DCs' function, 22 or 42 were significantly upregulated after a single or multiple intranasal 8-oxoG challenges, respectively. In a murine model of allergic airway inflammation, significantly increased serum levels of ovalbumin (OVA)-specific IgE antibodies were detected in mice sensitized via nasal challenges with OVA+8-oxoG compared to those challenged with OVA alone. Furthermore, exposure of primary human monocyte-derived DCs (moDC) to 8-oxoG base resulted in significantly enhanced expression of cell surface molecules (CD40, CD86, CD83, HLA-DQ) and augmented the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators IL-6, TNF and IL-8, whereas it did not considerably influence the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. The stimulatory effects of 8-oxoG on human moDCs were abolished upon siRNA-mediated OGG1 depletion. Collectively, these data suggest that OGG1-BER-generated 8-oxoG base-driven cell signaling activates DCs, which may contribute to initiation of both the innate and adaptive immune responses under conditions of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kitti Pázmándi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Máté Sütő
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary; Doctoral School of Molecular Cellular and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Tünde Fekete
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Aliz Varga
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Eszter Boldizsár
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary; Doctoral School of Molecular Cellular and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - István Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Attila Bácsi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary.
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Gómez-Tomás Á, Pumarega J, Alguacil J, Amaral AF, Malats N, Pallarès N, Gasull M, Porta M. Concentrations of trace elements and KRAS mutations in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2019; 60:693-703. [PMID: 31066938 PMCID: PMC6786909 DOI: 10.1002/em.22296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements are a possible risk factor for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, their role in the occurrence and persistence of KRAS mutations remains unstudied. There appear to be no studies analyzing biomarkers of trace elements and KRAS mutations in any human cancer. We aimed to determine whether patients with KRAS mutated and nonmutated tumors exhibit differences in concentrations of trace elements. Incident cases of PDAC were prospectively identified in five hospitals in Spain. KRAS mutational status was determined through polymerase chain reaction from tumor tissue. Concentrations of 12 trace elements were determined in toenail samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Concentrations of trace elements were compared in 78 PDAC cases and 416 hospital-based controls (case-control analyses), and between 17 KRAS wild-type tumors and 61 KRAS mutated tumors (case-case analyses). Higher levels of iron, arsenic, and vanadium were associated with a statistically nonsignificant increased risk of a KRAS wild-type PDAC (OR for higher tertile of arsenic = 3.37, 95% CI 0.98-11.57). Lower levels of nickel and manganese were associated with a statistically significant higher risk of a KRAS mutated PDAC (OR for manganese = 0.34, 95% CI 0.14-0.80). Higher levels of selenium appeared protective for both mutated and KRAS wild-type PDAC. Higher levels of cadmium and lead were clear risk factors for both KRAS mutated and wild-type cases. This is the first study analyzing biomarkers of trace elements and KRAS mutations in any human cancer. Concentrations of trace elements differed markedly between PDAC cases with and without mutations in codon 12 of the KRAS oncogene, thus suggesting a role for trace elements in pancreatic and perhaps other cancers with such mutations. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 60:693-703, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Gómez-Tomás
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Pumarega
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Alguacil
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - André F.S. Amaral
- Population Health and Occupational Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Núria Malats
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Natàlia Pallarès
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Magda Gasull
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Porta
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Cellular damage produced by conditions generating oxidative stress have far-reaching implications in human disease that encompass, but are not restricted to aging, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, airway inflammation/asthma, cancer, and metabolic syndrome including visceral obesity, insulin resistance, fatty liver disease, and dyslipidemia. Although there are numerous sources and cellular targets of oxidative stress, this review will highlight literature that has investigated downstream consequences of oxidatively-induced DNA damage in both nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. The presence of such damage can in turn, directly and indirectly modulate cellular transcriptional and repair responses to such stressors. As such, the persistence of base damage can serve as a key regulator in coordinated gene-response cascades. Conversely, repair of these DNA lesions serves as both a suppressor of mutagenesis and by inference carcinogenesis, and as a signal for the cessation of ongoing oxidative stress. A key enzyme in all these processes is 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1), which, via non-catalytic binding to oxidatively-induced DNA damage in promoter regions, serves as a nucleation site around which changes in large-scale regulation of inflammation-associated gene expression can occur. Further, the catalytic function of OGG1 can alter the three-dimensional structure of specialized DNA sequences, leading to changes in transcriptional profiles. This review will concentrate on adverse deleterious health effects that are associated with both the diminution of OGG1 activity via population-specific polymorphic variants and the complete loss of OGG1 in murine models. This mouse model displays diet- and age-related induction of metabolic syndrome, highlighting a key role for OGG1 in protecting against these phenotypes. Conversely, recent investigations using murine models having enhanced global expression of a mitochondrial-targeted OGG1 demonstrate that they are highly resistant to diet-induced disease. These data suggest strategies through which therapeutic interventions could be designed for reducing or limiting adverse human health consequences to these ubiquitous stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harini Sampath
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, United States.
| | - R Stephen Lloyd
- Oregon Institute for Occupational Health Sciences, Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, 97239, United States.
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Tan YB, Pastukh VM, Gorodnya OM, Mulekar MS, Simmons JD, Machuca TN, Beaver TM, Wilson GL, Gillespie MN. Enhanced Mitochondrial DNA Repair Resuscitates Transplantable Lungs Donated After Circulatory Death. J Surg Res 2019; 245:273-280. [PMID: 31421373 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transplantation of lungs procured after donation after circulatory death (DCD) is challenging because postmortem metabolic degradation may engender susceptibility to ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Because oxidative mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage has been linked to endothelial barrier disruption in other models of IR injury, here we used a fusion protein construct targeting the DNA repair 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase-1 (OGG1) to mitochondria (mtOGG1) to determine if enhanced repair of mtDNA damage attenuates endothelial barrier dysfunction after IR injury in a rat model of lung procurement after DCD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lungs excised from donor rats 1 h after cardiac death were cold stored for 2 h after which they were perfused ex vivo in the absence and presence of mt-OGG1 or an inactive mt-OGG1 mutant. Lung endothelial barrier function and mtDNA integrity were determined during and at the end of perfusion, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Mitochondria-targeted OGG1 attenuated indices of lung endothelial dysfunction incurred after a 1h post-mortem period. Oxidative lung tissue mtDNA damage as well as accumulation of proinflammatory mtDNA fragments in lung perfusate, but not nuclear DNA fragments, also were reduced by mitochondria-targeted OGG1. A repair-deficient mt-OGG1 mutant failed to protect lungs from the adverse effects of DCD procurement. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that endothelial barrier dysfunction in lungs procured after DCD is driven by mtDNA damage and point to strategies to enhance mtDNA repair in concert with EVLP as a means of alleviating DCD-related lung IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong B Tan
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Viktor M Pastukh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Olena M Gorodnya
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Madhuri S Mulekar
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Jon D Simmons
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Tiago N Machuca
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Thomas M Beaver
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | | | - Mark N Gillespie
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama.
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Kay J, Thadhani E, Samson L, Engelward B. Inflammation-induced DNA damage, mutations and cancer. DNA Repair (Amst) 2019; 83:102673. [PMID: 31387777 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.102673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The relationships between inflammation and cancer are varied and complex. An important connection linking inflammation to cancer development is DNA damage. During inflammation reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are created to combat pathogens and to stimulate tissue repair and regeneration, but these chemicals can also damage DNA, which in turn can promote mutations that initiate and promote cancer. DNA repair pathways are essential for preventing DNA damage from causing mutations and cytotoxicity, but RONS can interfere with repair mechanisms, reducing their efficacy. Further, cellular responses to DNA damage, such as damage signaling and cytotoxicity, can promote inflammation, creating a positive feedback loop. Despite coordination of DNA repair and oxidative stress responses, there are nevertheless examples whereby inflammation has been shown to promote mutagenesis, tissue damage, and ultimately carcinogenesis. Here, we discuss the DNA damage-mediated associations between inflammation, mutagenesis and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Kay
- Department of Biological Engineering, United States.
| | | | - Leona Samson
- Department of Biological Engineering, United States; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States
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Abstract
The nucleotide excision repair (NER) system removes a variety of types of helix-distorting lesions from DNA through a dual incision mechanism, in which the damaged nucleotide bases are excised in the form of a small, excised, damage-containing single-stranded DNA oligonucleotide (sedDNA). Damage removal leaves a gap in the DNA template that must then be filled in by the action of a DNA polymerase and ligated to the downstream phosphodiester backbone in the DNA to complete the repair reaction. Defects in damage removal, sedDNA processing, or gap filling have the potential to be mutagenic and lethal to cells, and thus several human pathologies, including cancer and aging, are associated with defects in NER. This review summarizes our current understanding of NER with a focus on the enzymes that excise sedDNAs and restore the duplex DNA to its native state in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Kemp
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, United States.
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35
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Visnes T, Cázares-Körner A, Hao W, Wallner O, Masuyer G, Loseva O, Mortusewicz O, Wiita E, Sarno A, Manoilov A, Astorga-Wells J, Jemth AS, Pan L, Sanjiv K, Karsten S, Gokturk C, Grube M, Homan EJ, Hanna BMF, Paulin CBJ, Pham T, Rasti A, Berglund UW, von Nicolai C, Benitez-Buelga C, Koolmeister T, Ivanic D, Iliev P, Scobie M, Krokan HE, Baranczewski P, Artursson P, Altun M, Jensen AJ, Kalderén C, Ba X, Zubarev RA, Stenmark P, Boldogh I, Helleday T. Small-molecule inhibitor of OGG1 suppresses proinflammatory gene expression and inflammation. Science 2019; 362:834-839. [PMID: 30442810 DOI: 10.1126/science.aar8048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The onset of inflammation is associated with reactive oxygen species and oxidative damage to macromolecules like 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) in DNA. Because 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) binds 8-oxoG and because Ogg1-deficient mice are resistant to acute and systemic inflammation, we hypothesized that OGG1 inhibition may represent a strategy for the prevention and treatment of inflammation. We developed TH5487, a selective active-site inhibitor of OGG1, which hampers OGG1 binding to and repair of 8-oxoG and which is well tolerated by mice. TH5487 prevents tumor necrosis factor-α-induced OGG1-DNA interactions at guanine-rich promoters of proinflammatory genes. This, in turn, decreases DNA occupancy of nuclear factor κB and proinflammatory gene expression, resulting in decreased immune cell recruitment to mouse lungs. Thus, we present a proof of concept that targeting oxidative DNA repair can alleviate inflammatory conditions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torkild Visnes
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, N-7465 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Armando Cázares-Körner
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wenjing Hao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Olov Wallner
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Geoffrey Masuyer
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olga Loseva
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oliver Mortusewicz
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisée Wiita
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonio Sarno
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,The Liaison Committee for Education, Research, and Innovation in Central Norway, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Aleksandr Manoilov
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.,SciLifeLab, SE-17121 Solna, Sweden
| | - Juan Astorga-Wells
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.,SciLifeLab, SE-17121 Solna, Sweden
| | - Ann-Sofie Jemth
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lang Pan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Kumar Sanjiv
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stella Karsten
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Camilla Gokturk
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maurice Grube
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Evert J Homan
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bishoy M F Hanna
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cynthia B J Paulin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Therese Pham
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Azita Rasti
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Warpman Berglund
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Catharina von Nicolai
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carlos Benitez-Buelga
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tobias Koolmeister
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dag Ivanic
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petar Iliev
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Scobie
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans E Krokan
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,The Liaison Committee for Education, Research, and Innovation in Central Norway, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Pawel Baranczewski
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.,Science for Life Laboratory Drug Discovery and Development Platform, ADME of Therapeutics Facility, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Uppsala Drug Optimisation and Pharmaceutical Profiling Platform (UDOPP), Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Artursson
- Science for Life Laboratory Drug Discovery and Development Platform, ADME of Therapeutics Facility, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Uppsala Drug Optimisation and Pharmaceutical Profiling Platform (UDOPP), Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mikael Altun
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annika Jenmalm Jensen
- Chemical Biology Consortium Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 21 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Kalderén
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xueqing Ba
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Roman A Zubarev
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.,SciLifeLab, SE-17121 Solna, Sweden.,Department of Pharmacological and Technological Chemistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pål Stenmark
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
| | - Thomas Helleday
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. .,Sheffield Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
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Radak Z, Torma F, Berkes I, Goto S, Mimura T, Posa A, Balogh L, Boldogh I, Suzuki K, Higuchi M, Koltai E. Exercise effects on physiological function during aging. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 132:33-41. [PMID: 30389495 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.10.444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The decrease in cognitive/motor functions and physical abilities severely affects the aging population in carrying out daily activities. These disabilities become a burden on individuals, families and society in general. It is known that aging conditions are ameliorated with regular exercise, which attenuates the age-associated decline in maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreases in oxidative damage to molecules, and functional impairment in various organs. While benefits of physical exercise are well-documented, the molecular mechanisms responsible for functional improvement and increases in health span are not well understood. Recent findings imply that exercise training attenuates the age-related deterioration in the cellular housekeeping system, which includes the proteasome, Lon protease, autophagy, mitophagy, and DNA repair systems, which beneficially impacts multiple organ functions. Accumulating evidence suggests that exercise lessens the deleterious effects of aging. However, it seems unlikely that systemic effects are mediated through a specific biomarker. Rather, complex multifactorial mechanisms are involved to maintain homeostatic functions that tend to decline with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Radak
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary; Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Ferenc Torma
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Istvan Berkes
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sataro Goto
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan, Hungary
| | - Tatsuya Mimura
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Osaka Sangyo University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Aniko Posa
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Balogh
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Katsuhiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Higuchi
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Erika Koltai
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
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Bokhari B, Sharma S. Stress Marks on the Genome: Use or Lose? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020364. [PMID: 30654540 PMCID: PMC6358951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and the resulting damage to DNA are inevitable consequence of endogenous physiological processes further amplified by cellular responses to environmental exposures. If left unrepaired, oxidative DNA lesions can block essential processes such as transcription and replication or can induce mutations. Emerging data also indicate that oxidative base modifications such as 8-oxoG in gene promoters may serve as epigenetic marks, and/or provide a platform for coordination of the initial steps of DNA repair and the assembly of the transcriptional machinery to launch adequate gene expression alterations. Here, we briefly review the current understanding of oxidative lesions in genome stability maintenance and regulation of basal and inducible transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayan Bokhari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Howard University, 520 W Street, NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Umm Al- Qura University, Makkah 21421, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sudha Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Howard University, 520 W Street, NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA.
- National Human Genome Center, College of Medicine, Howard University, 2041 Georgia Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20060, USA.
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Abraham D, Feher J, Scuderi GL, Szabo D, Dobolyi A, Cservenak M, Juhasz J, Ligeti B, Pongor S, Gomez-Cabrera MC, Vina J, Higuchi M, Suzuki K, Boldogh I, Radak Z. Exercise and probiotics attenuate the development of Alzheimer's disease in transgenic mice: Role of microbiome. Exp Gerontol 2018; 115:122-131. [PMID: 30529024 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It has been suggested that exercise training and probiotic supplementation could decelerate the progress of functional and biochemical deterioration in APP/PS1 transgenic mice (APP/PS1TG). APP/PS1TG mice were subjected to exercise training and probiotic treatments and functional, biochemical and microbiome markers were analyzed. Under these conditions the mice significantly outperformed controls on The Morris Maze Test, and the number of beta-amyloid plaques decreased in the hippocampus. B. thetaiotaomicron levels correlated highly with the results of the Morris Maze Test (p < 0.05), and this group of bacteria was significantly elevated in the microbiome of the APP/PS1TG mice compared to the wild type. L. johnsonii levels positively correlated with the beta amyloid content and area. Data revealed that exercise and probiotic treatment can decrease the progress of Alzheimer's Disease and the beneficial effects could be partly mediated by alteration of the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Abraham
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Janos Feher
- Ophthalmology Unit, NESMOS Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Scuderi
- Ophthalmology Unit, NESMOS Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - Dora Szabo
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Arpad Dobolyi
- MTA-ELTE Laboratory of Molecular and Systems Neurobiology, Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Melinda Cservenak
- MTA-ELTE Laboratory of Molecular and Systems Neurobiology, Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Janos Juhasz
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balazs Ligeti
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sandor Pongor
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Jose Vina
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Mitsuru Higuchi
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Suzuki
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, USA
| | - Zsolt Radak
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary; Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
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Wang R, Hao W, Pan L, Boldogh I, Ba X. The roles of base excision repair enzyme OGG1 in gene expression. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:3741-3750. [PMID: 30043138 PMCID: PMC6154017 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2887-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Modifications of DNA strands and nucleobases-both induced and accidental-are associated with unfavorable consequences including loss or gain in genetic information and mutations. Therefore, DNA repair proteins have essential roles in keeping genome fidelity. Recently, mounting evidence supports that 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), one of the most abundant genomic base modifications generated by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, along with its cognate repair protein 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase1 (OGG1), has distinct roles in gene expression through transcription modulation or signal transduction. Binding to 8-oxoG located in gene regulatory regions, OGG1 acts as a transcription modulator, which can control transcription factor homing, induce allosteric transition of G-quadruplex structure, or recruit chromatin remodelers. In addition, post-repair complex formed between OGG1 and its repair product-free 8-oxoG increases the levels of active small GTPases and induces downstream signaling cascades to trigger gene expressions. The present review discusses how cells exploit damaged guanine base(s) and the authentic repair protein to orchestrate a profile of various transcriptomes in redox-regulated biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, China
- School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, China
| | - Wenjing Hao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, China
- School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, China
| | - Lang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, China
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya Medicine School in Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Xueqing Ba
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, China.
- School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, China.
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Vlahopoulos S, Adamaki M, Khoury N, Zoumpourlis V, Boldogh I. Roles of DNA repair enzyme OGG1 in innate immunity and its significance for lung cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 194:59-72. [PMID: 30240635 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines are pivotal mediators of the immune response, and their coordinated expression protects host tissue from excessive damage and oxidant stress. Nevertheless, the development of lung pathology, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and ozone-induced lung injury, is associated with oxidant stress; as evidence, there is a significant increase in levels of the modified guanine base 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) in the genome. 8-OxoG is primarily recognized by 8-oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (OGG1), which catalyzes the first step in the DNA base excision repair pathway. However, oxidant stress in the cell transiently halts enzymatic activity of substrate-bound OGG1. The stalled OGG1 facilitates DNA binding of transactivators, including NF-κB, to their cognate sites to enable expression of cytokines and chemokines, with ensuing recruitments of inflammatory cells. Hence, defective OGG1 will modulate the coordination between innate and adaptive immunity through excessive oxidant stress and cytokine dysregulation. Both oxidant stress and cytokine dysregulation constitute key elements of oncogenesis by KRAS, which is mechanistically coupled to OGG1. Thus, analysis of the mechanism by which OGG1 modulates gene expression helps discern between beneficial and detrimental effects of oxidant stress, exposes a missing functional link as a marker, and yields a novel target for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spiros Vlahopoulos
- Ηoremeio Research Laboratory, First Department of Paediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Maria Adamaki
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolas Khoury
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilis Zoumpourlis
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and the Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
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Fashioning blood vessels by ROS signalling and metabolism. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018; 80:35-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Zhou X, Wang W, Du C, Yan F, Yang S, He K, Wang H, Zhao A. OGG1 regulates the level of symmetric dimethylation of histone H4 arginine-3 by interacting with PRMT5. Mol Cell Probes 2018; 38:19-24. [PMID: 29409673 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OGG1 is the first enzyme in the base excision repair pathway (BER) responsible for repairing 8-oxoguanine DNA lesions. Recent studies found that OGG1 may also be involved in epigenetic regulation. In this study, we focused on the roles of OGG1 in histone modification. First, to study the effects of OGG1 on histone modification, the protein levels of symmetric dimethylation of histone H4 arginine-3 (H4R3me2s) were determined by western blot analysis following the knockdown or overexpression of OGG1. Second, the molecular mechanisms by which OGG1 regulates H4R3me2s were assessed by co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP) assays in mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) wild-type (WT) and Ogg-/- cells. Finally, to verify the regulation of H4R3me2s by OGG1 on specific genes, chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) was performed on MEF WT and Ogg-/- cells. We found that OGG1 affects PRMT5 binding on histone H4 and the formation of H4R3me2s via PRMT5. The methylation level of H4R3me2s was dramatically decreased in MEF Ogg-/- cells compared to WT cells. Knockdown of OGG1 by siRNA led to a decrease in H4R3me2s, while overexpression of OGG1 increased the level of H4R3me2s. OGG1 also interacted with PRMT5 and histone H4, and the interaction between PRMT5 and histone H4 was reduced in MEF Ogg-/- cells. Our data not only illustrate the important roles of OGG1 in histone modification, but also reveal the mechanism by which OGG1 affects PRMT5 binding on H4R3 resulting in the symmetrical dimethylation of histone H4 arginine-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, 666 Wusu Road, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chengtao Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, 666 Wusu Road, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Feifei Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, 666 Wusu Road, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Songbai Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, 666 Wusu Road, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Ke He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, 666 Wusu Road, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Han Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, 666 Wusu Road, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Ayong Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, 666 Wusu Road, Lin'an 311300, China.
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Chernikov AV, Gudkov SV, Usacheva AM, Bruskov VI. Exogenous 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine: Biomedical properties, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic potential. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297917130089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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44
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Aguilera-Aguirre L, Hao W, Pan L, Li X, Saavedra-Molina A, Bacsi A, Radak Z, Sur S, Brasier AR, Ba X, Boldogh I. Pollen-induced oxidative DNA damage response regulates miRNAs controlling allergic inflammation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 313:L1058-L1068. [PMID: 28798252 PMCID: PMC5814700 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00141.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A mucosal oxidative burst is a hallmark response to pollen exposure that promotes allergic inflammatory responses. Reactive species constituents of oxidative stress signal via the modification of cellular molecules including nucleic acids. One of the most abundant forms of oxidative genomic base damage is 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG), which is removed from DNA by 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1). OGG1 in complex with 8-oxoG acts as a GDP-GTP exchange factor and induces acute inflammation; however, the mechanism(s) by which OGG1 signaling regulates allergic airway inflammation is not known. Here, we postulate that the OGG1 signaling pathway differentially altered the levels of small regulatory RNAs and increased the expression of T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines in ragweed pollen extract (RWPE)-challenged lungs. To determine this, the lungs of sensitized mice expressing or lacking OGG1 were challenged with RWPE and/or with OGG1's excision product 8-oxoG. The responses in lungs were assessed by next-generation sequencing, as well as various molecular and histological approaches. The results showed that RWPE challenge induced oxidative burst and damage to DNA and activated OGG1 signaling, resulting in the differential expression of 84 micro-RNAs (miRNAs), which then exacerbated antigen-driven allergic inflammation and histological changes in the lungs. The exogenous administration of the downregulated let-7b-p3 mimetic or inhibitors of upregulated miR-23a or miR-27a decreased eosinophil recruitment and mucus and collagen production via controlling the expression of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. Together, these data demonstrate the roles of OGG1 signaling in the regulation of antigen-driven allergic immune responses via differential expression of miRNAs upstream of Th2 cytokines and eosinophils.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenging Hao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Lang Pan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Xiaoxue Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Alfredo Saavedra-Molina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Attila Bacsi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Zsolt Radak
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Sanjiv Sur
- Division of Endocrinology and Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; and
- Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Allan R Brasier
- Division of Endocrinology and Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; and
- Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Xueqing Ba
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
- Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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Markkanen E. Not breathing is not an option: How to deal with oxidative DNA damage. DNA Repair (Amst) 2017; 59:82-105. [PMID: 28963982 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative DNA damage constitutes a major threat to genetic integrity, and has thus been implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of diseases, including cancer and neurodegeneration. 7,8-dihydro-8oxo-deoxyGuanine (8-oxo-G) is one of the best characterised oxidative DNA lesions, and it can give rise to point mutations due to its miscoding potential that instructs most DNA polymerases (Pols) to preferentially insert Adenine (A) opposite 8-oxo-G instead of the correct Cytosine (C). If uncorrected, A:8-oxo-G mispairs can give rise to C:G→A:T transversion mutations. Cells have evolved a variety of pathways to mitigate the mutational potential of 8-oxo-G that include i) mechanisms to avoid incorporation of oxidized nucleotides into DNA through nucleotide pool sanitisation enzymes (by MTH1, MTH2, MTH3 and NUDT5), ii) base excision repair (BER) of 8-oxo-G in DNA (involving MUTYH, OGG1, Pol λ, and other components of the BER machinery), and iii) faithful bypass of 8-oxo-G lesions during replication (using a switch between replicative Pols and Pol λ). In the following, the fate of 8-oxo-G in mammalian cells is reviewed in detail. The differential origins of 8-oxo-G in DNA and its consequences for genetic stability will be covered. This will be followed by a thorough discussion of the different mechanisms in place to cope with 8-oxo-G with an emphasis on Pol λ-mediated correct bypass of 8-oxo-G during MUTYH-initiated BER as well as replication across 8-oxo-G. Furthermore, the multitude of mechanisms in place to regulate key proteins involved in 8-oxo-G repair will be reviewed. Novel functions of 8-oxo-G as an epigenetic-like regulator and insights into the repair of 8-oxo-G within the cellular context will be touched upon. Finally, a discussion will outline the relevance of 8-oxo-G and the proteins involved in dealing with 8-oxo-G to human diseases with a special emphasis on cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enni Markkanen
- Institute of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstr. 260, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Wells PG, Bhatia S, Drake DM, Miller-Pinsler L. Fetal oxidative stress mechanisms of neurodevelopmental deficits and exacerbation by ethanol and methamphetamine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 108:108-30. [PMID: 27345013 DOI: 10.1002/bdrc.21134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In utero exposure of mouse progeny to alcohol (ethanol, EtOH) and methamphetamine (METH) causes substantial postnatal neurodevelopmental deficits. One emerging pathogenic mechanism underlying these deficits involves fetal brain production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that alter signal transduction, and/or oxidatively damage cellular macromolecules like lipids, proteins, and DNA, the latter leading to altered gene expression, likely via non-mutagenic mechanisms. Even physiological levels of fetal ROS production can be pathogenic in biochemically predisposed progeny, and ROS formation can be enhanced by drugs like EtOH and METH, via activation/induction of ROS-producing NADPH oxidases (NOX), drug bioactivation to free radical intermediates by prostaglandin H synthases (PHS), and other mechanisms. Antioxidative enzymes, like catalase in the fetal brain, while low, provide critical protection. Oxidatively damaged DNA is normally rapidly repaired, and fetal deficiencies in several DNA repair proteins, including oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (OGG1) and breast cancer protein 1 (BRCA1), enhance the risk of drug-initiated postnatal neurodevelopmental deficits, and in some cases deficits in untreated progeny, the latter of which may be relevant to conditions like autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Risk is further regulated by fetal nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a ROS-sensing protein that upregulates an array of proteins, including antioxidative enzymes and DNA repair proteins. Imbalances between conceptal pathways for ROS formation, versus those for ROS detoxification and DNA repair, are important determinants of risk. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 108:108-130, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter G Wells
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Shama Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Danielle M Drake
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lutfiya Miller-Pinsler
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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47
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Role of the DNA repair glycosylase OGG1 in the activation of murine splenocytes. DNA Repair (Amst) 2017; 58:13-20. [PMID: 28843610 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OGG1 (8-oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase) is the major DNA repair glycosylase removing the premutagenic DNA base modification 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG) from the genome of mammalian cells. In addition, there is accumulating evidence that OGG1 and its substrate 8-oxoG might function in the regulation of certain genes, which could account for an attenuated immune response observed in Ogg1-/- mice in several settings. Indications for at least two different mechanisms have been obtained. Thus, OGG1 could either act as an ancillary transcription factor cooperating with the lysine-specific demethylase LSD1 or as an activator of small GTPases. Here, we analysed the activation by lipopolysaccaride (LPS) of primary splenocytes obtained from two different Ogg1-/- mouse strains. We found that the induction of TNF-α expression was reduced in splenocytes (in particular macrophages) of both Ogg1-/- strains. Notably, an inhibitor of LSD1, OG-L002, reduced the induction of TNF-α mRNA in splenocytes from wild-type mice to the level observed in splenocytes from Ogg1-/- mice and had no influence in the latter cells. In contrast, inhibitors of the MAP kinases p38 and JNK as well as the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine attenuated the LPS-stimulated TNF-α expression both in the absence and presence of OGG1. The free base 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine had no influence on the TNF-α expression in the splenocytes. The data demonstrate that OGG1 plays a role in an LSD1-dependent pathway of LPS-induced macrophage activation in mice.
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48
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Seifermann M, Epe B. Oxidatively generated base modifications in DNA: Not only carcinogenic risk factor but also regulatory mark? Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 107:258-265. [PMID: 27871818 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The generation of DNA modifications in cells is in most cases accidental and associated with detrimental consequences such as increased mutation rates and an elevated risk of malignant transformation. Accordingly, repair enzymes involved in the removal of the modifications have primarily a protective function. Among the well-established exceptions of this rule are 5-methylcytosine and uracil, which are generated in DNA enzymatically under controlled conditions and fulfill important regulatory functions in DNA as epigenetic marks and in antibody diversification, respectively. More recently, considerable evidence has been obtained that also 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG), a frequent pro-mutagenic DNA modification generated by endogenous or exogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS), has distinct roles in the regulation of both transcription and signal transduction. Thus, the activation of transcription by the estrogen receptor, NF-κB, MYC and other transcription factors was shown to depend on the presence of 8-oxoG in the promoter regions and its recognition by the DNA repair glycosylase OGG1. The lysine-specific histone demethylase LSD1, which produces H2O2 as a by-product, was indentified as a local generator of 8-oxoG in some of these cases. In addition, a complex of OGG1 with the excised free substrate base was demonstrated to act as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for small GTPases such as Ras, Rac and Rho, thus stimulating signal transduction. The various findings and intriguing novel mechanisms suggested will be described and compared in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Seifermann
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Staudingerweg 5, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Bernd Epe
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Staudingerweg 5, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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49
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Boiteux S, Coste F, Castaing B. Repair of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells: Properties and biological roles of the Fpg and OGG1 DNA N-glycosylases. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 107:179-201. [PMID: 27903453 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Oxidatively damaged DNA results from the attack of sugar and base moieties by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are formed as byproducts of normal cell metabolism and during exposure to endogenous or exogenous chemical or physical agents. Guanine, having the lowest redox potential, is the DNA base the most susceptible to oxidation, yielding products such as 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG) and 2-6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamidopyrimidine (FapyG). In DNA, 8-oxoG was shown to be mutagenic yielding GC to TA transversions upon incorporation of dAMP opposite this lesion by replicative DNA polymerases. In prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, 8-oxoG is primarily repaired by the base excision repair pathway (BER) initiated by a DNA N-glycosylase, Fpg and OGG1, respectively. In Escherichia coli, Fpg cooperates with MutY and MutT to prevent 8-oxoG-induced mutations, the "GO-repair system". In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, OGG1 cooperates with nucleotide excision repair (NER), mismatch repair (MMR), post-replication repair (PRR) and DNA polymerase η to prevent mutagenesis. Human and mouse cells mobilize all these pathways using OGG1, MUTYH (MutY-homolog also known as MYH), MTH1 (MutT-homolog also known as NUDT1), NER, MMR, NEILs and DNA polymerases η and λ, to prevent 8-oxoG-induced mutations. In fact, mice deficient in both OGG1 and MUTYH develop cancer in different organs at adult age, which points to the critical impact of 8-oxoG repair on genetic stability in mammals. In this review, we will focus on Fpg and OGG1 proteins, their biochemical and structural properties as well as their biological roles. Other DNA N-glycosylases able to release 8-oxoG from damaged DNA in various organisms will be discussed. Finally, we will report on the role of OGG1 in human disease and the possible use of 8-oxoG DNA N-glycosylases as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Boiteux
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS, UPR4301, rue Charles Sadron, 45072 Orléans, France.
| | - Franck Coste
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS, UPR4301, rue Charles Sadron, 45072 Orléans, France
| | - Bertrand Castaing
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS, UPR4301, rue Charles Sadron, 45072 Orléans, France.
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Radak Z, Ishihara K, Tekus E, Varga C, Posa A, Balogh L, Boldogh I, Koltai E. Exercise, oxidants, and antioxidants change the shape of the bell-shaped hormesis curve. Redox Biol 2017; 12:285-290. [PMID: 28285189 PMCID: PMC5345970 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It is debated whether exercise-induced ROS production is obligatory to cause adaptive response. It is also claimed that antioxidant treatment could eliminate the adaptive response, which appears to be systemic and reportedly reduces the incidence of a wide range of diseases. Here we suggest that if the antioxidant treatment occurs before the physiological function-ROS dose-response curve reaches peak level, the antioxidants can attenuate function. On the other hand, if the antioxidant treatment takes place after the summit of the bell-shaped dose response curve, antioxidant treatment would have beneficial effects on function. We suggest that the effects of antioxidant treatment are dependent on the intensity of exercise, since the adaptive response, which is multi pathway dependent, is strongly influenced by exercise intensity. It is further suggested that levels of ROS concentration are associated with peak physiological function and can be extended by physical fitness level and this could be the basis for exercise pre-conditioning. Physical inactivity, aging or pathological disorders increase the sensitivity to oxidative stress by altering the bell-shaped dose response curve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Radak
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Kazunari Ishihara
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eva Tekus
- Institute of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Csaba Varga
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Aniko Posa
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Balogh
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Erika Koltai
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
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