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Bravo A, Sánchez R, Zambrano F, Uribe P. Exogenous Oxidative Stress in Human Spermatozoa Induces Opening of the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore: Effect on Mitochondrial Function, Sperm Motility and Induction of Cell Death. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:739. [PMID: 38929178 PMCID: PMC11201210 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) and disrupted antioxidant defense mechanisms play a pivotal role in the etiology of male infertility. The alterations in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis are the main activators for the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening. The mPTP opening is one of the main mechanisms involved in mitochondrial dysfunction in spermatozoa. This alteration in mitochondrial function adversely affects energy supply, sperm motility, and fertilizing capacity and contributes to the development of male infertility. In human spermatozoa, the mPTP opening has been associated with ionomycin-induced endogenous oxidative stress and peroxynitrite-induced nitrosative stress; however, the effect of exogenous oxidative stress on mPTP opening in sperm has not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of exogenous oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on mPTP opening, mitochondrial function, motility, and cell death markers in human spermatozoa. Human spermatozoa were incubated with 3 mmol/L of H2O2 for 60 min, and intracellular Ca2+ concentration, mPTP opening, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), ATP levels, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) production, phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization, DNA fragmentation, viability, and sperm motility were evaluated. H2O2-induced exogenous oxidative stress caused increased intracellular Ca2+, leading to subsequent mPTP opening and alteration of mitochondrial function, characterized by ΔΨm dissipation, decreased ATP levels, increased mROS production, and the subsequent alteration of sperm motility. Furthermore, H2O2-induced opening of mPTP was associated with the expression of apoptotic cell death markers including PS externalization and DNA fragmentation. These results highlight the role of exogenous oxidative stress in causing mitochondrial dysfunction, deterioration of sperm motility, and an increase in apoptotic cell death markers, including PS externalization and DNA fragmentation, through the mPTP opening. This study yielded new knowledge regarding the effects of this type of stress on mitochondrial function and specifically on mPTP opening, factors that can contribute to the development of male infertility, considering that the role of mPTP in mitochondrial dysfunction in human sperm is not completely elucidated. Therefore, these findings are relevant to understanding male infertility and may provide an in vitro model for further research aimed at improving human sperm quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Bravo
- Center of Translational Medicine-Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEMT-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4810296, Chile; (A.B.); (R.S.); (F.Z.)
| | - Raúl Sánchez
- Center of Translational Medicine-Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEMT-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4810296, Chile; (A.B.); (R.S.); (F.Z.)
- Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4781176, Chile
| | - Fabiola Zambrano
- Center of Translational Medicine-Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEMT-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4810296, Chile; (A.B.); (R.S.); (F.Z.)
- Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4781176, Chile
| | - Pamela Uribe
- Center of Translational Medicine-Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEMT-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4810296, Chile; (A.B.); (R.S.); (F.Z.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4781176, Chile
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Huang SE, Hsu JH, Shiau BW, Liu YC, Wu BN, Dai ZK, Liu CP, Yeh JL. Optimizing myocardial cell protection with xanthine derivative KMUP-3 potentiates autophagy through the PI3K/Akt/eNOS axis. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 134:818-832. [PMID: 38583870 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.14007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autophagy can have either beneficial or detrimental effects on various heart diseases. Pharmacological interventions improve cardiac function, which is correlated with enhanced autophagy. To assess whether a xanthine derivative (KMUP-3) treatment coincides with enhanced autophagy while also providing cardio-protection, we investigated the hypothesis that KMUP-3 treatment activation of autophagy through PI3K/Akt/eNOS signalling offered cardioprotective properties. METHODS The pro-autophagic effect of KMUP-3 was performed in a neonatal rat model targeting cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes, and by assessing the impact of KMUP-3 treatment on cardiotoxicity, we used antimycin A-induced cardiomyocytes. RESULTS As determined by transmission electron microscopy observation, KMUP-3 enhanced autophagosome formation in cardiac fibroblasts. Furthermore, KMUP-3 significantly increased the expressions of autophagy-related proteins, LC3 and Beclin-1, both in a time- and dose-dependent manner; moreover, the pro-autophagy and nitric oxide enhancement effects of KMUP-3 were abolished by inhibitors targeting eNOS and PI3K in cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes. Notably, KMUP-3 ameliorated cytotoxic effects induced by antimycin A, demonstrating its protective autophagic response. CONCLUSION These findings enable the core pathway of PI3K/Akt/eNOS axis in KMUP-3-enhanced autophagy activation and suggest its principal role in safeguarding against cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-En Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Hau Hsu
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Wen Shiau
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bin-Nan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Zen-Kong Dai
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - Jwu-Lai Yeh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Daka Q, Neziri B, Lindner E, Azuara Blanco A. Metformin in Glaucoma Treatment. J Glaucoma 2024; 33:387-393. [PMID: 38536124 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000002387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
PRCIS Rigorous trials are essential to develop comprehensive treatment strategies that fully exploit the therapeutic potential of metformin in the treatment of glaucoma. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the potentially beneficial effect of metformin on glaucoma risk factors and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. The aim is to contribute to the development of new treatment strategies for glaucoma. METHODS We searched for studies that assessed the effects of metformin on glaucoma risk factors and the associated underlying mechanisms. Our search included electronic databases such as PUBMED, EMBASE, and clinicaltrials.gov. RESULTS Unfortunately, we did not find any clinical trials that specifically investigated the impact of metformin on glaucoma. However, data from experimental studies demonstrated the capability of metformin to modulate various pathways that could contribute to neuroprotection in glaucoma. CONCLUSION In order to develop comprehensive treatment strategies that fully exploit the therapeutic potential of metformin in the treatment of glaucoma, rigorous trials are essential. These studies are necessary to demonstrate both the safety and efficacy of metformin in the context of glaucoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qëndresë Daka
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical Faculty, University of Prishtina, Prishtinë, Kosovo
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Clinical Centre of Kosova, Prishtinë, Kosovo
| | - Burim Neziri
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical Faculty, University of Prishtina, Prishtinë, Kosovo
| | - Ewald Lindner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Granz, Auenbruggerplatz, Granz, Austria
| | - Augusto Azuara Blanco
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
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Ricardez‐Garcia C, Reyes‐Becerril M, Mosqueda‐Martinez E, Mendez‐Romero O, Ruiz‐Ramírez A, Uribe‐Carvajal S. Tissue-specific differences in Ca 2+ sensitivity of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP). Experiments in male rat liver and heart. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16056. [PMID: 38777811 PMCID: PMC11111423 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Permeability transition pore (PTP) opening dissipates ion and electron gradients across the internal mitochondrial membrane (IMM), including excess Ca2+ in the mitochondrial matrix. After opening, immediate PTP closure must follow to prevent outer membrane disruption, loss of cytochrome c, and eventual apoptosis. Flickering, defined as the rapid alternative opening/closing of PTP, has been reported in heart, which undergoes frequent, large variations in Ca2+. In contrast, in tissues that undergo depolarization events less often, such as the liver, PTP would not need to be as dynamic and thus these tissues would not be as resistant to stress. To evaluate this idea, it was decided to follow the reversibility of the permeability transition (PT) in isolated murine mitochondria from two different tissues: the very dynamic heart, and the liver, which suffers depolarizations less frequently. It was observed that in heart mitochondria PT remained reversible for longer periods and at higher Ca2+ loads than in liver mitochondria. In all cases, Ca2+ uptake was inhibited by ruthenium red and PT was delayed by Cyclosporine A. Characterization of this phenomenon included measuring the rate of oxygen consumption, organelle swelling and Ca2+ uptake and retention. Results strongly suggest that there are tissue-specific differences in PTP physiology, as it resists many more Ca2+ additions before opening in a highly active organ such as the heart than in an organ that seldom suffers Ca2+ loading, such as the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Ricardez‐Garcia
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología CelularUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad UniversitariaMexico CityMexico
| | - Mauricio Reyes‐Becerril
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología CelularUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad UniversitariaMexico CityMexico
| | - Edson Mosqueda‐Martinez
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología CelularUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad UniversitariaMexico CityMexico
| | - Ofelia Mendez‐Romero
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología CelularUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad UniversitariaMexico CityMexico
| | - Angelica Ruiz‐Ramírez
- Departamento de Biomedicina CardiovascularInstituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio ChávezMexico CityMexico
| | - Salvador Uribe‐Carvajal
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología CelularUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad UniversitariaMexico CityMexico
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Karadayian AG, Czerniczyniec A, Lores-Arnaiz S. Apoptosis Due to After-effects of Acute Ethanol Exposure in Brain Cortex: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Signaling Pathways. Neuroscience 2024; 544:39-49. [PMID: 38423164 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol hangover is the combination of negative mental and physical symptoms which can be experienced after a single episode of alcohol consumption, starting when blood alcohol concentration approaches zero. We previously demonstrated that hangover provokes mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, imbalance in antioxidant defenses, and impairment in cellular bioenergetics. Chronic and acute ethanol intake induces neuroapoptosis but there are no studies which evaluated apoptosis at alcohol hangover. The aim of the present work was to study alcohol residual effects on intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathways in mice brain cortex. Male Swiss mice received i.p. injection of ethanol (3.8 g/kg) or saline. Six hours after injection, at alcohol hangover onset, mitochondria and tissue lysates were obtained from brain cortex. Results indicated that during alcohol hangover a loss of granularity of mitochondria and a strong increment in mitochondrial permeability were observed, indicating the occurrence of swelling. Alcohol-treated mice showed a significant 35% increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and a 5-fold increase in the ratio level of cytochrome c between mitochondria and cytosol. Caspase 3, 8 and 9 protein expressions were 32%, 33% and 20% respectively enhanced and the activity of caspase 3 and 6 was 30% and 20% increased also due to the hangover condition. Moreover, 38% and 32% increments were found in PARP1 and p53 protein expression respectively and on the contrary, SIRT-1 was almost 50% lower than controls due to the hangover condition. The present work demonstrates that alcohol after-effects could result in the activation of mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial apoptosis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analía G Karadayian
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular Prof. Alberto Boveris (IBIMOL) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Analia Czerniczyniec
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular Prof. Alberto Boveris (IBIMOL) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Lores-Arnaiz
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular Prof. Alberto Boveris (IBIMOL) Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Morse PT, Arroum T, Wan J, Pham L, Vaishnav A, Bell J, Pavelich L, Malek MH, Sanderson TH, Edwards BFP, Hüttemann M. Phosphorylations and Acetylations of Cytochrome c Control Mitochondrial Respiration, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential, Energy, ROS, and Apoptosis. Cells 2024; 13:493. [PMID: 38534337 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome c (Cytc) has both life-sustaining and cellular death-related functions, depending on subcellular localization. Within mitochondria, Cytc acts as a single electron carrier as part of the electron transport chain (ETC). When released into the cytosol after cellular insult, Cytc triggers the assembly of the apoptosome, committing the cell to intrinsic apoptosis. Due to these dual natures, Cytc requires strong regulation by the cell, including post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation and acetylation. Six phosphorylation sites and three acetylation sites have been detected on Cytc in vivo. Phosphorylations at T28, S47, Y48, T49, T58, and Y97 tend to be present under basal conditions in a tissue-specific manner. In contrast, the acetylations at K8, K39, and K53 tend to be present in specific pathophysiological conditions. All of the phosphorylation sites and two of the three acetylation sites partially inhibit respiration, which we propose serves to maintain an optimal, intermediate mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) to minimize reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Cytc phosphorylations are lost during ischemia, which drives ETC hyperactivity and ΔΨm hyperpolarization, resulting in exponential ROS production thus causing reperfusion injury following ischemia. One of the acetylation sites, K39, shows a unique behavior in that it is gained during ischemia, stimulating respiration while blocking apoptosis, demonstrating that skeletal muscle, which is particularly resilient to ischemia-reperfusion injury compared to other organs, possesses a different metabolic strategy to handle ischemic stress. The regulation of Cytc by these post-translational modifications underscores the importance of Cytc for the ETC, ΔΨm, ROS production, apoptosis, and the cell as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul T Morse
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Tasnim Arroum
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Junmei Wan
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Lucynda Pham
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Asmita Vaishnav
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Jamie Bell
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Lauren Pavelich
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Moh H Malek
- Department of Health Care Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Thomas H Sanderson
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Brian F P Edwards
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Maik Hüttemann
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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Kweon J, Park W, Park J, You J, Song G, Lim W. Pyridaben induces apoptosis and inflammation in bovine mammary epithelial cells by disturbance of calcium homeostasis and upregulation of MAPK cascades. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 198:105755. [PMID: 38225098 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Pyridaben is a widely used pyridazinone insecticide used to protect crops against insects and mites. The toxicity of pyridaben has been reported in mice, zebrafish, the human reproductive system, nervous system, and respiratory system. Pyridaben can also be ingested by dairy cattle through feed. However, the toxicity of pyridaben in cattle has not been investigated on. Thus, this study focuses on demonstrating the toxicity of pyridaben in the bovine mammary glands and with the generation milk in the bovine mammary epithelial cells, as it is crucial to the continuance of the amount and the quality of the milk produced. We started by analyzing the intracellular toxicity along with the impact of pyridaben on the cell cycle distribution and the transcription of associated genes. Pyridaben treatment induced cell cycle arrest accompanied the disruption in G1 and S phases with imbalanced cytosolic and mitochondrial calcium ion homeostasis, and caused a destruction of mitochondrial membrane potential. This eventually led to apoptosis of MAC-T cells. We also investigated in the impact that pyridaben has on MAPK signaling proteins, where phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK, and p38 were upregulateed. Moreover, examination of the effect of pyridaben in the inflammatory genes revealed hyperactivation of the inflammatory gene transcription. This is the first research to assess the negative outcomes that pyridaben could impose on dairy cattle and milk production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhun Kweon
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonhyoung Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeankyoung You
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Fan JB, Yuan K, Zhu XH, Cui SY, Yi H, Zhang W. Neuroligin-3 activates Akt-dependent Nrf2 cascade to protect osteoblasts from oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:807-819. [PMID: 37774803 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Excessive oxidative stress will cause significant injury to osteoblasts, serving as one major pathological mechanism of osteoporosis. Neuroligin-3 (NLGN3) is a postsynaptic cell adhesion protein and is expressed in the bone. We here explored its potential activity against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative injury in cultured osteoblasts. In primary murine and human osteoblasts, NLGN3 stimulation dose-dependently induced Akt, Erk1/2 and S6K activation. NLGN3 pretreatment ameliorated H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and death in osteoblasts. Moreover, H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and oxidative injury were alleviated with NLGN3 pretreatment in cultured osteoblasts. Further studies showed that NLGN3 activated Nrf2 signaling cascade and induced Nrf2 protein Serine-40 phosphorylation, Keap1-Nrf2 dissociation, Nrf2 protein stabilization and nuclear translocation in osteoblasts. NLGN3 also increased antioxidant response element (ARE) activity and induced expression of Nrf2-ARE-dependent genes (HO1, GCLC and NQO1) in osteoblasts. Moreover NLGN3 mitigated osteoblast oxidative injury by dexamethasone or sodium fluoride (NaF). Nrf2 cascade activation is essential for NLGN3-induced cytoprotective activity in osteoblasts. Nrf2 shRNA or knockout (KO) abolished NLGN3-induced osteoblast cytoprotection against H2O2. Contrarily forced Nrf2 cascade activation by Keap1 KO mimicked NLGN3-induced anti-oxidative activity in murine osteoblasts. Importantly, NLGN3-induced Serine-40 phosphorylation and Nrf2 cascade activation were blocked by an Akt inhibitor MK-2206 or by Akt1 shRNA. Importantly, Akt inhibition, Akt1 silencing or Nrf2 S40T mutation largely inhibited NLGN3-induced osteoblast cytoprotection against H2O2. At last, we showed that NLGN3 mRNA and protein expression was significantly downregulated in necrotic bone tissues of dexamethasone-taken patients. Taken together, NLGN3 activated Akt-dependent Nrf2 cascade to protect osteoblasts from oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Bo Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Kun Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xin-Hui Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Sheng-Yu Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hong Yi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Frigo E, Tommasin L, Lippe G, Carraro M, Bernardi P. The Haves and Have-Nots: The Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore across Species. Cells 2023; 12:1409. [PMID: 37408243 PMCID: PMC10216546 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The demonstration that F1FO (F)-ATP synthase and adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) can form Ca2+-activated, high-conductance channels in the inner membrane of mitochondria from a variety of eukaryotes led to renewed interest in the permeability transition (PT), a permeability increase mediated by the PT pore (PTP). The PT is a Ca2+-dependent permeability increase in the inner mitochondrial membrane whose function and underlying molecular mechanisms have challenged scientists for the last 70 years. Although most of our knowledge about the PTP comes from studies in mammals, recent data obtained in other species highlighted substantial differences that could be perhaps attributed to specific features of F-ATP synthase and/or ANT. Strikingly, the anoxia and salt-tolerant brine shrimp Artemia franciscana does not undergo a PT in spite of its ability to take up and store Ca2+ in mitochondria, and the anoxia-resistant Drosophila melanogaster displays a low-conductance, selective Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release channel rather than a PTP. In mammals, the PT provides a mechanism for the release of cytochrome c and other proapoptotic proteins and mediates various forms of cell death. In this review, we cover the features of the PT (or lack thereof) in mammals, yeast, Drosophila melanogaster, Artemia franciscana and Caenorhabditis elegans, and we discuss the presence of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis and of other forms of cell death. We hope that this exercise may help elucidate the function(s) of the PT and its possible role in evolution and inspire further tests to define its molecular nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Frigo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Neuroscience Institute, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, I-35131 Padova, Italy; (E.F.); (L.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Ludovica Tommasin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Neuroscience Institute, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, I-35131 Padova, Italy; (E.F.); (L.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Giovanna Lippe
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Piazzale Kolbe 4, I-33100 Udine, Italy;
| | - Michela Carraro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Neuroscience Institute, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, I-35131 Padova, Italy; (E.F.); (L.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Neuroscience Institute, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, I-35131 Padova, Italy; (E.F.); (L.T.); (M.C.)
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Noguchi M, Kohno S, Pellattiero A, Machida Y, Shibata K, Shintani N, Kohno T, Gotoh N, Takahashi C, Hirao A, Scorrano L, Kasahara A. Inhibition of the mitochondria-shaping protein Opa1 restores sensitivity to Gefitinib in a lung adenocarcinomaresistant cell line. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:241. [PMID: 37019897 PMCID: PMC10076284 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05768-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance limits the efficacy of chemotherapy and targeted cancer treatments, calling for the identification of druggable targets to overcome it. Here we show that the mitochondria-shaping protein Opa1 participates in resistance against the tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib in a lung adenocarcinoma cell line. Respiratory profiling revealed that oxidative metabolism was increased in this gefitinib-resistant lung cancer cell line. Accordingly, resistant cells depended on mitochondrial ATP generation, and their mitochondria were elongated with narrower cristae. In the resistant cells, levels of Opa1 were increased and its genetic or pharmacological inhibition reverted the mitochondrial morphology changes and sensitized them to gefitinib-induced cytochrome c release and apoptosis. In vivo, the size of gefitinib-resistant lung orthotopic tumors was reduced when gefitinib was combined with the specific Opa1 inhibitor MYLS22. The combo gefitinib-MYLS22 treatment increased tumor apoptosis and reduced its proliferation. Thus, the mitochondrial protein Opa1 participates in gefitinib resistance and can be targeted to overcome it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Noguchi
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35121, Padua, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129, Padua, Italy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, 25-1 Shichibancho, 640-8156, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Susumu Kohno
- Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, 920-1192, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Anna Pellattiero
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35121, Padua, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129, Padua, Italy
| | - Yukino Machida
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University Musashino, Tokyo, 180-8602, Japan
| | - Keitaro Shibata
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35121, Padua, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129, Padua, Italy
| | - Norihito Shintani
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, 25-1 Shichibancho, 640-8156, Wakayama, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Kohno
- National Cancer Center Research Institute, 104-0045, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Gotoh
- Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, 920-1192, Kanazawa, Japan
- Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, 920-1192, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Chiaki Takahashi
- Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, 920-1192, Kanazawa, Japan
- Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, 920-1192, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hirao
- Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, 920-1192, Kanazawa, Japan.
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI- Nano LSI), Kanazawa University, 920-1192, Kanazawa, Japan.
| | - Luca Scorrano
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35121, Padua, Italy.
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129, Padua, Italy.
| | - Atsuko Kasahara
- Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, 920-1192, Kanazawa, Japan.
- Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, 920-1192, Kanazawa, Japan.
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI- Nano LSI), Kanazawa University, 920-1192, Kanazawa, Japan.
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11
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Pathways for Cardioprotection in Perspective: Focus on Remote Conditioning and Extracellular Vesicles. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020308. [PMID: 36829584 PMCID: PMC9953525 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite the development of cutting-edge treatments, coronary artery disease (CAD) morbidity and mortality rates remain present at high levels. Therefore, new cardioprotective approaches are crucial to improve the health of patients. To date, experimental investigations of acute ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) have generally demonstrated the efficacy of local ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning cardioprotection techniques as well as of remote conditioning. However, application in clinical settings is still highly controversial and debated. Currently, remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) seems to be the most promising method for heart repair. Protective factors are released into the bloodstream, and protection can be transferred within and across species. For a long time, the cross-function and cross-transmission mechanisms of cardioprotection were largely unknown. Recently, it has been shown that small, anuclear, bilayered lipid membrane particles, known as extracellular vesicles (EVs), are the drivers of signal transduction in cardiac IRI and RIC. EVs are related to the pathophysiological processes of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), according to compelling evidence. In this review, we will first review the current state of knowledge on myocardial IRI and cardioprotective strategies explored over the past 37 years. Second, we will briefly discuss the role of EVs in CVD and the most recent improvements on EVs as prognostic biomarkers, diagnostic, and therapeutic agents. We will discuss how EVs can be used as a new drug delivery mechanism and how they can be employed in cardiac treatment, also from a perspective of overcoming the impasse that results from neglecting confounding factors.
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12
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De Nicolo B, Cataldi-Stagetti E, Diquigiovanni C, Bonora E. Calcium and Reactive Oxygen Species Signaling Interplays in Cardiac Physiology and Pathologies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020353. [PMID: 36829912 PMCID: PMC9952851 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are key players in energy production, critical activity for the smooth functioning of energy-demanding organs such as the muscles, brain, and heart. Therefore, dysregulation or alterations in mitochondrial bioenergetics primarily perturb these organs. Within the cell, mitochondria are the major site of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through the activity of different enzymes since it is one of the organelles with the major availability of oxygen. ROS can act as signaling molecules in a number of different pathways by modulating calcium (Ca2+) signaling. Interactions among ROS and calcium signaling can be considered bidirectional, with ROS regulating cellular Ca2+ signaling, whereas Ca2+ signaling is essential for ROS production. In particular, we will discuss how alterations in the crosstalk between ROS and Ca2+ can lead to mitochondrial bioenergetics dysfunctions and the consequent damage to tissues at high energy demand, such as the heart. Changes in Ca2+ can induce mitochondrial alterations associated with reduced ATP production and increased production of ROS. These changes in Ca2+ levels and ROS generation completely paralyze cardiac contractility. Thus, ROS can hinder the excitation-contraction coupling, inducing arrhythmias, hypertrophy, apoptosis, or necrosis of cardiac cells. These interplays in the cardiovascular system are the focus of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca De Nicolo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Erica Cataldi-Stagetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Diquigiovanni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-051209476
| | - Elena Bonora
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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13
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Shimura T, Shiga R, Sasatani M, Kamiya K, Ushiyama A. Melatonin and MitoEbselen-2 Are Radioprotective Agents to Mitochondria. Genes (Basel) 2022; 14:45. [PMID: 36672786 PMCID: PMC9858905 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are responsible for controlling cell death during the early stages of radiation exposure, but their perturbations are associated with late effects of radiation-related carcinogenesis. Therefore, it is important to protect mitochondria to mitigate the harmful effects of radiation throughout life. The glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme is essential for the maintenance of mitochondrial-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. However, radiation inactivates the GPx, resulting in metabolic oxidative stress and prolonged cell injury in irradiated normal human fibroblasts. Here, we used the GPx activator N-acetyl-5-methoxy-tryptamine (melatonin) and a mitochondria-targeted mimic of GPx MitoEbselen-2 to stimulate the GPx. A commercial GPx activity assay kit was used to measure the GPx activity. ROS levels were determined by using some ROS indicators. Protein expression associated with the response of mitochondria to radiation was assessed using immunostaining. Concurrent pre-administration or post-administration of melatonin or MitoEbselen-2 with radiation maintained GPx activity and ROS levels and suppressed mitochondrial radiation responses associated with cellular damage and radiation-related carcinogenesis. In conclusion, melatonin and MitoEbselen-2 prevented radiation-induced mitochondrial injury and metabolic oxidative stress by targeting mitochondria. These drugs have the potential to protect against acute radiation injury and late effects of carcinogenesis in a variety of radiation scenarios assuming pre-administration or post-administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Shimura
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute of Public Health, Wako 351-0197, Japan
| | - Rina Shiga
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose 204-8588, Japan
| | - Megumi Sasatani
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Research Center for Radiation Genome Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (RIRBM), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Kenji Kamiya
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Research Center for Radiation Genome Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (RIRBM), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Akira Ushiyama
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute of Public Health, Wako 351-0197, Japan
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14
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Cannino G, Urbani A, Gaspari M, Varano M, Negro A, Filippi A, Ciscato F, Masgras I, Gerle C, Tibaldi E, Brunati AM, Colombo G, Lippe G, Bernardi P, Rasola A. The mitochondrial chaperone TRAP1 regulates F-ATP synthase channel formation. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:2335-2346. [PMID: 35614131 PMCID: PMC9751095 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01020-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Binding of the mitochondrial chaperone TRAP1 to client proteins shapes bioenergetic and proteostatic adaptations of cells, but the panel of TRAP1 clients is only partially defined. Here we show that TRAP1 interacts with F-ATP synthase, the protein complex that provides most cellular ATP. TRAP1 competes with the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase cyclophilin D (CyPD) for binding to the oligomycin sensitivity-conferring protein (OSCP) subunit of F-ATP synthase, increasing its catalytic activity and counteracting the inhibitory effect of CyPD. Electrophysiological measurements indicate that TRAP1 directly inhibits a channel activity of purified F-ATP synthase endowed with the features of the permeability transition pore (PTP) and that it reverses PTP induction by CyPD, antagonizing PTP-dependent mitochondrial depolarization and cell death. Conversely, CyPD outcompetes the TRAP1 inhibitory effect on the channel. Our data identify TRAP1 as an F-ATP synthase regulator that can influence cell bioenergetics and survival and can be targeted in pathological conditions where these processes are dysregulated, such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cannino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Gaspari
- Research Centre for Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mariaconcetta Varano
- Research Centre for Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessandro Negro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Filippi
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, via Colugna 50, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Francesco Ciscato
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Ionica Masgras
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Christoph Gerle
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Elena Tibaldi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, via Gabelli 63, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Brunati
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, via Gabelli 63, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Colombo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, via Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
- Institute of Chemical and Technological Sciences "Giulio Natta"- SCITEC, Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131, Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lippe
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, via Colugna 50, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Rasola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy.
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15
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Bellissimo CA, Garibotti MC, Perry CGR. Mitochondrial Stress Responses in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Metabolic Dysfunction or Adaptive Reprogramming? Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C718-C730. [PMID: 35816642 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00249.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial stress may be a secondary contributor to muscle weakness in inherited muscular dystrophies. Duchenne muscular dystrophy has received the majority of attention whereby most discoveries suggest mitochondrial ATP synthesis may be reduced. However, not all studies support this finding. Furthermore, some studies have reported increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and propensity for permeability transition pore formation as an inducer of apoptosis, although divergent findings have also been described. A closer examination of the literature suggests the degree and direction of mitochondrial stress responses may depend on the progression of the disease, the muscle type examined, the mouse model employed with regards to pre-clinical research, the precise metabolic pathways in consideration, and in some cases the in vitro technique used to assess a given mitochondrial bioenergetic function. One intent of this review is to provide careful considerations for future experimental designs to resolve the heterogeneous nature of mitochondrial stress during the progression of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Such considerations have implications for other muscular dystrophies as well which are addressed briefly herein. A renewed perspective of the term 'mitochondrial dysfunction' is presented whereby stress responses might be re-explored in future investigations as direct contributors to myopathy vs an adaptive 'reprogramming' intended to maintain homeostasis in the face of disease stressors themselves. In so doing, the prospective development of mitochondrial enhancement therapies can be driven by advances in perspectives as much as experimental approaches when resolving the precise relationships between mitochondrial remodelling and muscle weakness in Duchenne and, indeed, other muscular dystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A Bellissimo
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Madison C Garibotti
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher G R Perry
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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16
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Assessing Drug-Induced Mitochondrial Toxicity in Cardiomyocytes: Implications for Preclinical Cardiac Safety Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071313. [PMID: 35890211 PMCID: PMC9319223 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced cardiotoxicity not only leads to the attrition of drugs during development, but also contributes to the high morbidity and mortality rates of cardiovascular diseases. Comprehensive testing for proarrhythmic risks of drugs has been applied in preclinical cardiac safety assessment for over 15 years. However, other mechanisms of cardiac toxicity have not received such attention. Of them, mitochondrial impairment is a common form of cardiotoxicity and is known to account for over half of cardiovascular adverse-event-related black box warnings imposed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Although it has been studied in great depth, mitochondrial toxicity assessment has not yet been incorporated into routine safety tests for cardiotoxicity at the preclinical stage. This review discusses the main characteristics of mitochondria in cardiomyocytes, drug-induced mitochondrial toxicities, and high-throughput screening strategies for cardiomyocytes, as well as their proposed integration into preclinical safety pharmacology. We emphasize the advantages of using adult human primary cardiomyocytes for the evaluation of mitochondrial morphology and function, and the need for a novel cardiac safety testing platform integrating mitochondrial toxicity and proarrhythmic risk assessments in cardiac safety evaluation.
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17
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Zhang S, Wang Y, Cao Y, Wu J, Zhang Z, Ren H, Xu X, Kaznacheyeva E, Li Q, Wang G. Inhibition of the PINK1-Parkin Pathway Enhances the Lethality of Sorafenib and Regorafenib in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:851832. [PMID: 35370635 PMCID: PMC8967359 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.851832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common fatal malignancies and the main cause of cancer-related deaths. The multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) sorafenib and regorafenib are systemic therapeutic drugs approved for the treatment of HCC. Here, we found that sorafenib and regorafenib injured mitochondria by inducing mitochondrial Ca2+ (mtCa2+) overload and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, resulting in mitochondria-mediated cell death, which was alleviated by cyclosporin A (CsA), an inhibitor of mPTP. Meanwhile, mPTP opening caused PINK1 accumulation on damaged mitochondria, which recruited Parkin to mitochondria to induce mitophagy. Inhibition of autophagy by the lysosomal inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) or inhibition of mitochondrial fission by mdivi-1 aggravated sorafenib- and regorafenib-induced cell death. Moreover, knockdown of PINK1 also promotes sorafenib- and regorafenib-induced cell death. An in vivo study showed that sorafenib and regorafenib inhibited HepG2 cell growth more effectively in PINK1 knockdown cells than in shNTC cells in null mice. Thus, our data demonstrate that PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy alleviates sorafenib and regorafenib antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yixin Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yifan Cao
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jin Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zubin Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Haigang Ren
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- Department of General Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Taicang, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | | | - Qing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First People's Hospital of Taicang, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Center of Translational Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Taicang, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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18
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Preserved Left Ventricular Function despite Myocardial Fibrosis and Myopathy in the Dystrophin-Deficient D2.B10-Dmdmdx/J Mouse. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5362115. [PMID: 35340200 PMCID: PMC8942668 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5362115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy involves an absence of dystrophin, a cytoskeletal protein which supports cell structural integrity and scaffolding for signalling molecules in myocytes. Affected individuals experience progressive muscle degeneration that leads to irreversible loss of ambulation and respiratory diaphragm function. Although clinical management has greatly advanced, heart failure due to myocardial cell loss and fibrosis remains the major cause of death. We examined cardiac morphology and function in D2.B10-Dmdmdx/J (D2-mdx) mice, a relatively new mouse model of muscular dystrophy, which we compared to their wild-type background DBA/2J mice (DBA/2). We also tested whether drug treatment with a specific blocker of mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening (Debio-025), or ACE inhibition (Perindopril), had any effect on dystrophy-related cardiomyopathy. D2-mdx mice were treated for six weeks with Vehicle control, Debio-025 (20 mg/kg/day), Perindopril (2 mg/kg/day), or a combination (n = 8/group). At 18 weeks, compared to DBA/2, D2-mdx hearts displayed greater ventricular collagen, lower cell density, greater cell diameter, and greater protein expression levels of IL-6, TLR4, BAX/Bcl2, caspase-3, PGC-1α, and notably monoamine oxidases A and B. Remarkably, these adaptations in D2-mdx mice were associated with preserved resting left ventricular function similar to DBA/2 mice. Compared to vehicle, although Perindopril partly attenuated the increase in heart weight and collagen at 18 weeks, the drug treatments had no marked impact on dystrophic cardiomyopathy.
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19
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CHEN SP, HU TH, ZHOU Q, CHEN TP, YIN D, HE H, HUANG Q, HE M. Luteoloside protects the vascular endothelium against iron overload injury via the ROS/ADMA/DDAH II/eNOS/NO pathway. Chin J Nat Med 2022; 20:22-32. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(21)60110-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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20
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Carrer A, Laquatra C, Tommasin L, Carraro M. Modulation and Pharmacology of the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition: A Journey from F-ATP Synthase to ANT. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216463. [PMID: 34770872 PMCID: PMC8587538 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The permeability transition (PT) is an increased permeation of the inner mitochondrial membrane due to the opening of the PT pore (PTP), a Ca2+-activated high conductance channel involved in Ca2+ homeostasis and cell death. Alterations of the PTP have been associated with many pathological conditions and its targeting represents an incessant challenge in the field. Although the modulation of the PTP has been extensively explored, the lack of a clear picture of its molecular nature increases the degree of complexity for any target-based approach. Recent advances suggest the existence of at least two mitochondrial permeability pathways mediated by the F-ATP synthase and the ANT, although the exact molecular mechanism leading to channel formation remains elusive for both. A full comprehension of this to-pore conversion will help to assist in drug design and to develop pharmacological treatments for a fine-tuned PT regulation. Here, we will focus on regulatory mechanisms that impinge on the PTP and discuss the relevant literature of PTP targeting compounds with particular attention to F-ATP synthase and ANT.
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21
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Gama Sosa MA, De Gasperi R, Pryor D, Perez Garcia GS, Perez GM, Abutarboush R, Kawoos U, Hogg S, Ache B, Janssen WG, Sowa A, Tetreault T, Cook DG, Tappan SJ, Gandy S, Hof PR, Ahlers ST, Elder GA. Low-level blast exposure induces chronic vascular remodeling, perivascular astrocytic degeneration and vascular-associated neuroinflammation. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2021; 9:167. [PMID: 34654480 PMCID: PMC8518227 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-021-01269-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral vascular injury as a consequence of blast-induced traumatic brain injury is primarily the result of blast wave-induced mechanical disruptions within the neurovascular unit. In rodent models of blast-induced traumatic brain injury, chronic vascular degenerative processes are associated with the development of an age-dependent post-traumatic stress disorder-like phenotype. To investigate the evolution of blast-induced chronic vascular degenerative changes, Long-Evans rats were blast-exposed (3 × 74.5 kPa) and their brains analyzed at different times post-exposure by X-ray microcomputed tomography, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. On microcomputed tomography scans, regional cerebral vascular attenuation or occlusion was observed as early as 48 h post-blast, and cerebral vascular disorganization was visible at 6 weeks and more accentuated at 13 months post-blast. Progression of the late-onset pathology was characterized by detachment of the endothelial and smooth muscle cellular elements from the neuropil due to degeneration and loss of arteriolar perivascular astrocytes. Development of this pathology was associated with vascular remodeling and neuroinflammation as increased levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9), collagen type IV loss, and microglial activation were observed in the affected vasculature. Blast-induced chronic alterations within the neurovascular unit should affect cerebral blood circulation, glymphatic flow and intramural periarterial drainage, all of which may contribute to development of the blast-induced behavioral phenotype. Our results also identify astrocytic degeneration as a potential target for the development of therapies to treat blast-induced brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Gama Sosa
- General Medical Research Service, James J. Peters Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Rita De Gasperi
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Research and Development Service, James J. Peters Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Dylan Pryor
- Research and Development Service, James J. Peters Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Georgina S Perez Garcia
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Research and Development Service, James J. Peters Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Gissel M Perez
- Research and Development Service, James J. Peters Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Rania Abutarboush
- Department of Neurotrauma, Operational and Undersea Medicine Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Usmah Kawoos
- Department of Neurotrauma, Operational and Undersea Medicine Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Seth Hogg
- Micro Photonics, Inc, 1550 Pond Road, Suite 110, Allentown, PA, 18104, USA
| | - Benjamin Ache
- Micro Photonics, Inc, 1550 Pond Road, Suite 110, Allentown, PA, 18104, USA
| | - William G Janssen
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Allison Sowa
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | | | - David G Cook
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Susan J Tappan
- MBF Bioscience LLC, 185 Allen Brook Lane, Williston, VT, 05495, USA
| | - Sam Gandy
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Research and Development Service, James J. Peters Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Mount Sinai Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and the Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- NFL Neurological Care Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Patrick R Hof
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Mount Sinai Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and the Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Stephen T Ahlers
- Department of Neurotrauma, Operational and Undersea Medicine Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
| | - Gregory A Elder
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Mount Sinai Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and the Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Neurology Service, James J. Peters Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
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22
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Zadali R, Hassani V, Rafiei Y, Meratan AA, Mamashli F, Nemat-Gorgani M. A study on the interaction of the amyloid fibrils of α-synuclein and hen egg white lysozyme with biological membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2021; 1864:183776. [PMID: 34547253 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation and mitochondrial dysfunction are considered as two of the main factors associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present investigation, the effectiveness of the amyloid fibrils obtained from α-syn with those of hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL), as disease-related and-unrelated proteins, to damage rat brain and rat liver mitochondria have been investigated. This was extended by looking at SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells and erythrocytes, thereby investigating the significance of structural characteristics of amyloid fibrils related to their interactions with biomembranes obtained from various sources. Results presented clearly demonstrate substantial differences in the response of tested biomembranes to toxicity induced by α-syn/HEWL amyloid fibrils, highlighting a structure-function relationship. We found that fibrillar aggregates of α-syn, but not HEWL, caused a significant increase in mitochondrial ROS, loss of membrane potential, and mitochondrial swelling, in a dose-dependent manner. Toxicity was found to be more pronounced in brain mitochondria, as compared to liver mitochondria. For SH-SY5Y cells and erythrocytes, however, both α-syn and HEWL amyloid fibrils showed the capacity to induce toxicity. Taken together, these results may suggest selective toxicity of α-syn amyloid fibrils to mitochondria mediated likely by their direct interaction with the outer mitochondrial membrane, indicating a correlation between specific structural characteristics of α-syn fibrils and an organelle strongly implicated in PD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Zadali
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Vahid Hassani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Yasin Rafiei
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Meratan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Mamashli
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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23
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Hurley DJ, Irnaten M, O’Brien C. Metformin and Glaucoma-Review of Anti-Fibrotic Processes and Bioenergetics. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082131. [PMID: 34440899 PMCID: PMC8394782 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness globally. With an aging population, disease incidence will rise with an enormous societal and economic burden. The treatment strategy revolves around targeting intraocular pressure, the principle modifiable risk factor, to slow progression of disease. However, there is a clear unmet clinical need to find a novel therapeutic approach that targets and halts the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration that occurs with fibrosis. RGCs are highly sensitive to metabolic fluctuations as a result of multiple stressors and thus their viability depends on healthy mitochondrial functioning. Metformin, known for its use in type 2 diabetes, has come to the forefront of medical research in multiple organ systems. Its use was recently associated with a 25% reduced risk of glaucoma in a large population study. Here, we discuss its application to glaucoma therapy, highlighting its effect on fibrotic signalling pathways, mitochondrial bioenergetics and NAD oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daire J. Hurley
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland; (M.I.); (C.O.)
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence:
| | - Mustapha Irnaten
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland; (M.I.); (C.O.)
| | - Colm O’Brien
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland; (M.I.); (C.O.)
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
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24
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Carrer A, Tommasin L, Šileikytė J, Ciscato F, Filadi R, Urbani A, Forte M, Rasola A, Szabò I, Carraro M, Bernardi P. Defining the molecular mechanisms of the mitochondrial permeability transition through genetic manipulation of F-ATP synthase. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4835. [PMID: 34376679 PMCID: PMC8355262 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
F-ATP synthase is a leading candidate as the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP) but the mechanism(s) leading to channel formation remain undefined. Here, to shed light on the structural requirements for PTP formation, we test cells ablated for g, OSCP and b subunits, and ρ0 cells lacking subunits a and A6L. Δg cells (that also lack subunit e) do not show PTP channel opening in intact cells or patch-clamped mitoplasts unless atractylate is added. Δb and ΔOSCP cells display currents insensitive to cyclosporin A but inhibited by bongkrekate, suggesting that the adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) can contribute to channel formation in the absence of an assembled F-ATP synthase. Mitoplasts from ρ0 mitochondria display PTP currents indistinguishable from their wild-type counterparts. In this work, we show that peripheral stalk subunits are essential to turn the F-ATP synthase into the PTP and that the ANT provides mitochondria with a distinct permeability pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Carrer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ludovica Tommasin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Justina Šileikytė
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Francesco Ciscato
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Riccardo Filadi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Michael Forte
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Andrea Rasola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ildikò Szabò
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Michela Carraro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. .,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy.
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25
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Khmelinskii I, Makarov V. Stretching tension effects in permeability transition pores of inner mitochondrial membrane. Biosystems 2021; 208:104488. [PMID: 34274463 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2021.104488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Presently a mechanism of permeability transition pore (PTP) opening was proposed and discussed. This mechanism is based on mechanical stretching of inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) caused by mitochondrial swelling (MS). The latter is induced by osmotic pressure generated by solute imbalance between the matrix and the surrounding cyto(sarco)plasm. Modelled by the Monte-Carlo method, an IMM fragment of 350 simulated biological molecules exhibited formation of micro-domains containing two protein and seven phospholipid molecules. The energies (-0.191 eV per molecule) in these micro-domains were significantly larger than those (-0.375 eV per molecule) of other parts of the IMM fragment. Stretching forces applied to such domains expanded them much more than other parts of the IMM fragment. We identify these micro-domains as the PTPs. Both linear and nonlinear functions were used for the strain-stress relation of the IMM fragment, with nonlinear effects more important at large IMM stretching strains. Thus, two main factors are incorporated into the PTP opening mechanism: (1) presence of micro-domains in the IMM structure and (2) IMM stretching stress caused by MS. Taking into account both of these factors, the equation for the probability of PTP opening was deduced, with matrix Ca2+ and H+ ionic concentrations as its parameters. Note that the equation deduced was similar to an earlier reported empirical equation describing PTP opening dynamics. This correspondence provides support to the presently proposed mechanism. Thus, a new look at the PTP opening mechanism is provided, of interest to various research areas related to mitochondrial biophysics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Khmelinskii
- Universidade do Algarve, FCT, DQB and CEOT, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Vladimir Makarov
- University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, PO Box 23343, San Juan, PR, 00931-3343, USA.
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26
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Kaur I, Behl T, Sehgal A, Singh S, Sharma N, Aleya L, Bungau S. Connecting the dots between mitochondrial dysfunction and Parkinson's disorder: focus mitochondria-targeting therapeutic paradigm in mitigating the disease severity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:37060-37081. [PMID: 34053042 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14619-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are unique cell organelles, which exhibit multifactorial roles in numerous cell physiological processes, significantly preserving the integrity of neural synaptic interconnections, mediating ATP production, and regulating apoptotic signaling pathways and calcium homeostasis. Multiple neurological disorders occur as a consequence of impaired mitochondrial functioning, with greater sensitivity of dopaminergic (DA) neurons to mitochondrial dysfunction, due to oxidative nature and low mitochondrial mass, thus supporting the contribution of mitochondrial impairment in Parkinson's disorder (neuronal damage due to curbed dopamine levels). The pathophysiology of the second most common disorder, PD, is potentiated by various mitochondrial homeostasis regulating genes, as discussed in the review. The PD symptoms are known to be aggravated by multiple mitochondria-linked alterations, like reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, Ca2+ buffering, imbalanced mitochondrial dynamics (fission, fusion, mitophagy), biogenetic dysfunctions, disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), protein aggregation, neurotoxins, and genetic mutations, which manifest the central involvement of unhealthy mitochondria in neurodegeneration, resulting in retarded DA neurons in region of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), causing PD. Furthermore, the review tends to target altered mitochondrial components, like oxidative stress, inflammation, biogenetic alterations, impaired dynamics, uncontrolled homeostasis, and genetic mutations, to provide a sustainable and reliable alternative in PD therapeutics and to overcome the pitfalls of conventional therapeutic agents. Therefore, the authors elaborate the relationship between PD pathogenesis and mitochondrial dysfunctions, followed by a suitable mitochondria-targeting therapeutic portfolio, as well as future considerations, aiding the researchers to investigate novel strategies to mitigate the severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishnoor Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environment Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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27
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Morciano G, Naumova N, Koprowski P, Valente S, Sardão VA, Potes Y, Rimessi A, Wieckowski MR, Oliveira PJ. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore: an evolving concept critical for cell life and death. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 96:2489-2521. [PMID: 34155777 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we summarize current knowledge of perhaps one of the most intriguing phenomena in cell biology: the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). This phenomenon, which was initially observed as a sudden loss of inner mitochondrial membrane impermeability caused by excessive calcium, has been studied for almost 50 years, and still no definitive answer has been provided regarding its mechanisms. From its initial consideration as an in vitro artifact to the current notion that the mPTP is a phenomenon with physiological and pathological implications, a long road has been travelled. We here summarize the role of mitochondria in cytosolic calcium control and the evolving concepts regarding the mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) and the mPTP. We show how the evolving mPTP models and mechanisms, which involve many proposed mitochondrial protein components, have arisen from methodological advances and more complex biological models. We describe how scientific progress and methodological advances have allowed milestone discoveries on mPTP regulation and composition and its recognition as a valid target for drug development and a critical component of mitochondrial biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampaolo Morciano
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Via Corriera 1, Cotignola, Ravenna, 48033, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
| | - Natalia Naumova
- Department of Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua Medical School, Via Giustiniani 2, Padova, 35128, Italy
| | - Piotr Koprowski
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, Warsaw, 02-093, Poland
| | - Sara Valente
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, 3060-197, Portugal
| | - Vilma A Sardão
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, 3060-197, Portugal
| | - Yaiza Potes
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, Warsaw, 02-093, Poland
| | - Alessandro Rimessi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
| | - Mariusz R Wieckowski
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, Warsaw, 02-093, Poland
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, 3060-197, Portugal
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28
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Sepsis-Induced Myocardial Dysfunction (SIMD): the Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies Targeting Mitochondria. Inflammation 2021; 43:1184-1200. [PMID: 32333359 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01233-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a lethal syndrome with multiple organ failure caused by an inappropriate host response to infection. Cardiac dysfunction is one of the important complications of sepsis, termed sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD), which is characterized by systolic and diastolic dysfunction of both sides of the heart. Mechanisms that contribute to SIMD include an excessive inflammatory response, altered circulatory, microvascular status, nitric oxide (NO) synthesis impairment, endothelial dysfunction, disorders of calcium regulation, cardiac autophagy anomaly, autonomic nervous system dysregulation, metabolic reprogramming, and mitochondrial dysfunction. The role of mitochondrial dysfunction, which is characterized by structural abnormalities, increased oxidative stress, abnormal opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), mitochondrial uncoupling, and disordered quality control systems, has been gaining increasing attention as a central player in the pathophysiology of SIMD. The disruption of homeostasis within the organism induced by mitochondrial dysfunction may also be an important aspect of SIMD development. In addition, an emerging therapy strategy targeting mitochondria, namely, metabolic resuscitation, seems promising. The current review briefly introduces the mechanism of SIMD, highlights how mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to SIMD, and discusses the role of metabolic resuscitation in the treatment of SIMD.
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29
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Tran MT. Overview of Ca2+ signaling in lung cancer progression and metastatic lung cancer with bone metastasis. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2021; 2:249-265. [PMID: 36046435 PMCID: PMC9400727 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ ions that are thought to be one of the most important second messengers for cellular signaling, have a substantial diversity of roles in regulating a plethora of fundamental cellular physiology such as gene expression, cell division, cell motility and apoptosis. It has been suggestive of the Ca2+ signaling-dependent cellular processes to be tightly regulated by the numerous types of Ca2+ channels, pumps, exchangers and sensing receptors. Consequently, dysregulated Ca2+ homeostasis leads to a series of events connected to elevated malignant phenotypes including uncontrolled proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis, all of which are frequently observed in advanced stage lung cancer cells. The incidence of bone metastasis in patients with advanced stage lung cancer is estimated in a range of 30% to 40%, bringing about a significant negative impact on both morbidity and survival. This review dissects and summarizes the important roles of Ca2+ signaling transduction in contributing to lung cancer progression, and address the question: if and how Ca2+ signaling might have been engaged in metastatic lung cancer with bone metastasis, thereby potentially providing the multifaceted and promising solutions for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manh Tien Tran
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
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30
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Vujic A, Koo ANM, Prag HA, Krieg T. Mitochondrial redox and TCA cycle metabolite signaling in the heart. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 166:287-296. [PMID: 33675958 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential signaling organelles that regulate a broad range of cellular processes and thereby heart function. Multiple mechanisms participate in the communication between mitochondria and the nucleus that maintain cardiomyocyte homeostasis, including mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and metabolic shifts in TCA cycle metabolite availability. An increased rate of ROS generation can cause irreversible damage to the cell and proposed to be a leading cause of many pathologies, including accelerated aging and heart disease. Myocardial impairments are also characterised by specific coordinated metabolic changes and dysregulated inflammatory responses. Hence, the mitochondrial respiratory chain is an important mediator between health and disease in the heart. This review will first outline the sources of ROS in the heart, mitochondrial metabolite dynamics, and provide an overview of their implications for heart disease. In addition, we will concentrate our discussion around current cardioprotective strategies relevant to mitochondrial ROS. Thorough understanding of mitochondrial signaling and the complex interplay with vital signaling pathways in the heart might allow us to develop novel therapeutic approaches to cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vujic
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Amy N M Koo
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Hiran A Prag
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK; MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Thomas Krieg
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
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31
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Guo Z, Gao S, Ouyang J, Ma L, Bu D. Impacts of Heat Stress-Induced Oxidative Stress on the Milk Protein Biosynthesis of Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:726. [PMID: 33800015 PMCID: PMC8001837 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) is one of the most important factors posing harm to the economic wellbeing of dairy industries, as it reduces milk yield as well as milk protein content. Recent studies suggest that HS participates in the induction of tissue oxidative stress (OS), as elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial dysfunction were observed in dairy cows exposed to hot conditions. The OS induced by HS likely contributes to the reduction in milk protein content, since insulin resistance and apoptosis are promoted by OS and are negatively associated with the synthesis of milk proteins. The apoptosis in the mammary gland directly decreases the amount of mammary epithelial cells, while the insulin resistance affects the regulation of insulin on mTOR pathways. To alleviate OS damages, strategies including antioxidants supplementation have been adopted, but caution needs to be applied as an inappropriate supplement with antioxidants can be harmful. Furthermore, the complete mechanisms by which HS induces OS and OS influences milk protein synthesis are still unclear and further investigation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitai Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.G.); (S.G.)
| | - Shengtao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.G.); (S.G.)
| | - Jialiang Ouyang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Lu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.G.); (S.G.)
| | - Dengpan Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.G.); (S.G.)
- Joint Laboratory on Integrated Crop-Tree-Livestock Systems of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR) and World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF), Beijing 100193, China
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32
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Koushi M, Asakai R. Bisindolylpyrrole Induces a Cpr3- and Porin1/2-Dependent Transition in Yeast Mitochondrial Permeability in a Low Conductance State via the AACs-Associated Pore. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031212. [PMID: 33530556 PMCID: PMC7865566 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP) is presumably formed by either ATP synthase or the ATP/ADP carrier (AAC), little is known about their differential roles in PTP activation. We explored the role of AAC and ATP synthase in PTP formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using bisindolylpyrrole (BP), an activator of the mammalian PTP. The yeast mitochondrial membrane potential, as indicated by tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester signals, dissipated over 2–4 h after treatment of cells with 5 μM BP, which was sensitive to cyclosporin A (CsA) and Cpr3 deficiency and blocked by porin1/2 deficiency. The BP-induced depolarization was inhibited by a specific AAC inhibitor, bongkrekate, and consistently blocked in a yeast strain lacking all three AACs, while it was not affected in the strain with defective ATP synthase dimerization, suggesting the involvement of an AAC-associated pore. Upon BP treatment, isolated yeast mitochondria underwent CsA- and bongkrekate-sensitive depolarization without affecting the mitochondrial calcein signals, indicating the induction of a low conductance channel. These data suggest that, upon BP treatment, yeast can form a porin1/2- and Cpr3-regulated PTP, which is mediated by AACs but not by ATP synthase dimers. This implies that yeast may be an excellent tool for the screening of PTP modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rei Asakai
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-475-53-4588; Fax: +81-475-53-4556
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33
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Rottenberg H, Hoek JB. The Mitochondrial Permeability Transition: Nexus of Aging, Disease and Longevity. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010079. [PMID: 33418876 PMCID: PMC7825081 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The activity of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, mPTP, a highly regulated multi-component mega-channel, is enhanced in aging and in aging-driven degenerative diseases. mPTP activity accelerates aging by releasing large amounts of cell-damaging reactive oxygen species, Ca2+ and NAD+. The various pathways that control the channel activity, directly or indirectly, can therefore either inhibit or accelerate aging or retard or enhance the progression of aging-driven degenerative diseases and determine lifespan and healthspan. Autophagy, a catabolic process that removes and digests damaged proteins and organelles, protects the cell against aging and disease. However, the protective effect of autophagy depends on mTORC2/SKG1 inhibition of mPTP. Autophagy is inhibited in aging cells. Mitophagy, a specialized form of autophagy, which retards aging by removing mitochondrial fragments with activated mPTP, is also inhibited in aging cells, and this inhibition leads to increased mPTP activation, which is a major contributor to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The increased activity of mPTP in aging turns autophagy/mitophagy into a destructive process leading to cell aging and death. Several drugs and lifestyle modifications that enhance healthspan and lifespan enhance autophagy and inhibit the activation of mPTP. Therefore, elucidating the intricate connections between pathways that activate and inhibit mPTP, in the context of aging and degenerative diseases, could enhance the discovery of new drugs and lifestyle modifications that slow aging and degenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagai Rottenberg
- New Hope Biomedical R&D, 23 W. Bridge street, New Hope, PA 18938, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-267-614-5588
| | - Jan B. Hoek
- MitoCare Center, Department of Anatomy, Pathology and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA;
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Urbani A, Prosdocimi E, Carrer A, Checchetto V, Szabò I. Mitochondrial Ion Channels of the Inner Membrane and Their Regulation in Cell Death Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:620081. [PMID: 33585458 PMCID: PMC7874202 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.620081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are bioenergetic organelles with a plethora of fundamental functions ranging from metabolism and ATP production to modulation of signaling events leading to cell survival or cell death. Ion channels located in the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes critically control mitochondrial function and, as a consequence, also cell fate. Opening or closure of mitochondrial ion channels allow the fine-tuning of mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS production, and function of the respiratory chain complexes. In this review, we critically discuss the intracellular regulatory factors that affect channel activity in the inner membrane of mitochondria and, indirectly, contribute to cell death. These factors include various ligands, kinases, second messengers, and lipids. Comprehension of mitochondrial ion channels regulation in cell death pathways might reveal new therapeutic targets in mitochondria-linked pathologies like cancer, ischemia, reperfusion injury, and neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Urbani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Carrer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Ildikò Szabò
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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Amanakis G, Sun J, Fergusson MM, McGinty S, Liu C, Molkentin JD, Murphy E. Cysteine 202 of cyclophilin D is a site of multiple post-translational modifications and plays a role in cardioprotection. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:212-223. [PMID: 32129829 PMCID: PMC7797215 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Cyclophilin-D is a well-known regulator of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP), the main effector of cardiac ischaemia/reperfusion injury. However, the binding of CypD to the PTP is poorly understood. Cysteine 202 (C202) of CypD is highly conserved among species and can undergo redox-sensitive post-translational modifications. We investigated whether C202 regulates the opening of PTP. METHODS AND RESULTS We developed a knock-in mouse model using CRISPR where CypD-C202 was mutated to a serine (C202S). Infarct size is reduced in CypD-C202S Langendorff perfused hearts compared to wild type (WT). Cardiac mitochondria from CypD-C202S mice also have higher calcium retention capacity compared to WT. Therefore, we hypothesized that oxidation of C202 might target CypD to the PTP. Indeed, isolated cardiac mitochondria subjected to oxidative stress exhibit less binding of CypD-C202S to the proposed PTP component F1F0-ATP-synthase. We previously found C202 to be S-nitrosylated in ischaemic preconditioning. Cysteine residues can also undergo S-acylation, and C202 matched an S-acylation motif. S-acylation of CypD-C202 was assessed using a resin-assisted capture (Acyl-RAC). WT hearts are abundantly S-acylated on CypD C202 under baseline conditions indicating that S-acylation on C202 per se does not lead to PTP opening. CypD C202S knock-in hearts are protected from ischaemia/reperfusion injury suggesting further that lack of CypD S-acylation at C202 is not detrimental (when C is mutated to S) and does not induce PTP opening. However, we find that ischaemia leads to de-acylation of C202 and that calcium overload in isolated mitochondria promotes de-acylation of CypD. Furthermore, a high bolus of calcium in WT cardiac mitochondria displaces CypD from its physiological binding partners and possibly renders it available for interaction with the PTP. CONCLUSIONS Taken together the data suggest that with ischaemia CypD is de-acylated at C202 allowing the free cysteine residue to undergo oxidation during the first minutes of reperfusion which in turn targets it to the PTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Amanakis
- Cardiovascular Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Junhui Sun
- Cardiovascular Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maria M Fergusson
- Cardiovascular Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shane McGinty
- Cardiovascular Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chengyu Liu
- Transgenic Core Facility, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeffery D Molkentin
- Division of Molecular and Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Elizabeth Murphy
- Cardiovascular Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Panel M, Ahmed-Belkacem A, Ruiz I, Guichou JF, Pawlotsky JM, Ghaleh B, Morin D. A Phenyl-Pyrrolidine Derivative Reveals a Dual Inhibition Mechanism of Myocardial Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore, Which Is Limited by Its Myocardial Distribution. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 376:348-357. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Bravo A, Quilaqueo N, Jofré I, Villegas JV. Overtime expression of plasma membrane and mitochondrial function markers associated with cell death in human spermatozoa exposed to nonphysiological levels of reactive oxygen species. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13907. [PMID: 33263218 DOI: 10.1111/and.13907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In many cell types, the potential of reactive oxygen species to induce death processes has been largely demonstrated. Studies in spermatozoa have associated the imbalance of reactive oxygen species and phosphatidylserine externalisation as an apoptosis marker. However, the lack of consensus about time effect in the joint expression of these and other death markers has made it difficult to understand the set of mechanisms influenced beyond the concentration effect of reactive oxygen species to stimulate cell death. Here, the plasma membrane permeability and integrity, phosphatidylserine externalisation and mitochondrial membrane potential were jointly evaluated as death markers in human spermatozoa stimulated with H2 O2 . The results showed a profound and sustained effect of dissipation in the mitochondrial membrane potential and an increased phosphatidylserine externalisation in human spermatozoa exposed to 3 mmol-1 of H2 O2 at 30 min. This was followed by an increased membrane permeability after 45 min. The last observed event was the loss of cell membrane integrity at 60 min. In conclusion, mitochondria are rapidly affected in human spermatozoa exposed to reactive oxygen species, with the barely detectable mitochondrial membrane potential coexisting with the high phosphatidylserine externalisation in cells with normal membrane permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Bravo
- Center of Reproductive Biotechnology - Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEBIOR - BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Nelson Quilaqueo
- Center of Reproductive Biotechnology - Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEBIOR - BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Ignacio Jofré
- Center of Reproductive Biotechnology - Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEBIOR - BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Juana V Villegas
- Center of Reproductive Biotechnology - Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEBIOR - BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
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Chaudhary D, Pramanik T, Santra S. Thiocoumarins and Dithiocoumarins: Advances in Synthesis and Pharmacological Activity. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824999200812132707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Thiocoumarins and dithiocoumarins are two important classes of sulphurcontaining
heterocyclic compounds, which are bioisosteres of coumarins. Herein, various
synthetic strategies for these two classes of heterocyclic compounds reported in the literature
have been discussed. Different solvents, catalysts, reagents and reaction conditions,
which were employed successfully for synthesizing thiocoumarins and dithiocoumarins
have also been described concisely in this review. Mechanistic overview has been given
wherever it was necessary. In addition, a comparative view of various solvents, catalysts
and reagents focusing on their efficiency for synthesizing thiocoumarins and dithiocoumarins,
has been discussed as well. Furthermore, pharmacological activities of these two
classes of compounds have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Tanay Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering and Management, University Area, Action Area III, B/5, Newtown, Kolkata, West Bengal - 700160, India
| | - Soumava Santra
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
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Yu TJ, Hsieh CY, Tang JY, Lin LC, Huang HW, Wang HR, Yeh YC, Chuang YT, Ou-Yang F, Chang HW. Antimycin A shows selective antiproliferation to oral cancer cells by oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis and DNA damage. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:1212-1224. [PMID: 32662599 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The antibiotic antimycin A (AMA) is commonly used as an inhibitor for the electron transport chain but its application in anticancer studies is rare. Recently, the repurposing use of AMA in antiproliferation of several cancer cell types has been reported. However, it is rarely investigated in oral cancer cells. The purpose of this study is to investigate the selective antiproliferation ability of AMA treatment on oral cancer cells. Cell viability, flow cytometry, and western blotting were applied to explore its possible anticancer mechanism in terms of both concentration- and exposure time-effects. AMA shows the higher antiproliferation to two oral cancer CAL 27 and Ca9-22 cell lines than normal oral HGF-1 cell lines. Moreover, AMA induces the production of higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and pan-caspase activation in oral cancer CAL 27 and Ca9-22 cells than in normal oral HGF-1 cells, providing the possible mechanism for its selective antiproliferation effect of AMA. In addition to ROS, AMA induces mitochondrial superoxide (MitoSOX) generation and depletes mitochondrial membrane potential (MitoMP). This further supports the AMA-induced oxidative stress changes in oral cancer CAL 27 and Ca9-22 cells. AMA also shows high expressions of annexin V in CAL 27 and Ca9-22 cells and cleaved forms of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), caspase 9, and caspase 3 in CAL 27 cells, supporting the apoptosis-inducing ability of AMA. Furthermore, AMA induces DNA damage (γH2AX and 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine [8-oxodG]) in CAL 27 and Ca9-22 cells. Notably, the AMA-induced selective antiproliferation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage were partly prevented from N-acetylcysteine (NAC) pretreatments. Taken together, AMA selectively kills oral cancer cells in an oxidative stress-dependent mechanism involving apoptosis and DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Jung Yu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, PhD program in Life Science, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Che-Yu Hsieh
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, PhD program in Life Science, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Yang Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ching Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi-Mei Foundation Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hurng-Wern Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ru Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chiao Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, PhD program in Life Science, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, PhD program in Life Science, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fu Ou-Yang
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Breast Surgery and Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Wei Chang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, PhD program in Life Science, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Koushi M, Aoyama Y, Kamei Y, Asakai R. Bisindolylpyrrole triggers transient mitochondrial permeability transitions to cause apoptosis in a VDAC1/2 and cyclophilin D-dependent manner via the ANT-associated pore. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16751. [PMID: 33046783 PMCID: PMC7552391 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73667-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisindolylpyrrole at 0.1 μM is cytoprotective in 2% FBS that is counteracted by cyclosporin-A (CsA), an inhibitor of cyclophilin-D (CypD). We hypothesized that the cytoprotective effect might be due to transient mitochondrial permeability transition (tPT). This study tested the hypothesis that bisindolylpyrrole can trigger tPT extensively, thereby leading to cell death under certain conditions. Indeed, CsA-sensitive tPT-mediated apoptosis could be induced by bisindolylpyrrole at > 5 μM in HeLa cells cultured in 0.1% FBS, depending on CypD and VDAC1/2, as shown by siRNA knockdown experiments. Rat liver mitochondria also underwent swelling in response to bisindolylpyrrole, which proceeded at a slower rate than Ca2+-induced swelling, and which was blocked by the VDAC inhibitor tubulin and the ANT inhibitor bongkrekate, indicating the involvement of the ANT-associated, smaller pore. We examined why 0.1% FBS is a prerequisite for apoptosis and found that apoptosis is blocked by PKC activation, which is counteracted by the overexpressed defective PKCε. In mitochondrial suspensions, bisindolylpyrrole triggered CsA-sensitive swelling, which was suppressed selectively by pretreatment with PKCε, but not in the co-presence of tubulin. These data suggest that upon PKC inactivation the cytoprotective compound bisindolylpyrrole can induce prolonged tPT causing apoptosis in a CypD-dependent manner through the VDAC1/2-regulated ANT-associated pore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masami Koushi
- Department of Morphophysiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University, 1 Gumyo, Togane, Chiba, 283-8555, Japan
| | - Yasunori Aoyama
- Department of Morphophysiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University, 1 Gumyo, Togane, Chiba, 283-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Kamei
- Department of Morphophysiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University, 1 Gumyo, Togane, Chiba, 283-8555, Japan
| | - Rei Asakai
- Department of Morphophysiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University, 1 Gumyo, Togane, Chiba, 283-8555, Japan.
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Sambri I, Massa F, Gullo F, Meneghini S, Cassina L, Carraro M, Dina G, Quattrini A, Patanella L, Carissimo A, Iuliano A, Santorelli F, Codazzi F, Grohovaz F, Bernardi P, Becchetti A, Casari G. Impaired flickering of the permeability transition pore causes SPG7 spastic paraplegia. EBioMedicine 2020; 61:103050. [PMID: 33045469 PMCID: PMC7553352 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.103050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mutations of the mitochondrial protein paraplegin cause hereditary spastic paraplegia type 7 (SPG7), a so-far untreatable degenerative disease of the upper motoneuron with still undefined pathomechanism. The intermittent mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, called flickering, is an essential process that operates to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis by reducing intra-matrix Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration, and is critical for efficient synaptic function. Methods We use a fluorescence-based approach to measure mPTP flickering in living cells and biochemical and molecular biology techniques to dissect the pathogenic mechanism of SPG7. In the SPG7 animal model we evaluate the potential improvement of the motor defect, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration by means of an mPTP inducer, the benzodiazepine Bz-423. Findings We demonstrate that paraplegin is required for efficient transient opening of the mPTP, that is impaired in both SPG7 patients-derived fibroblasts and primary neurons from Spg7−/− mice. We show that dysregulation of mPTP opening at the pre-synaptic terminal impairs neurotransmitter release leading to ineffective synaptic transmission. Lack of paraplegin impairs mPTP flickering by a mechanism involving increased expression and activity of sirtuin3, which promotes deacetylation of cyclophilin D, thus hampering mPTP opening. Pharmacological treatment with Bz-423, which bypasses the activity of CypD, normalizes synaptic transmission and rescues the motor impairment of the SPG7 mouse model. Interpretation mPTP targeting opens a new avenue for the potential therapy of this form of spastic paraplegia. Funding Telethon Foundation grant (TGMGCSBX16TT); Dept. of Defense, US Army, grant W81XWH-18–1–0001
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Sambri
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli-Naples, Italy
| | - Filomena Massa
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli-Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lorenzo Patanella
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli-Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Carissimo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli-Naples, Italy; Institute for Applied Mathematics 'Mauro Picone', National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Iuliano
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli-Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Giorgio Casari
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli-Naples, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
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mPTP opening differently affects electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation at succinate and NAD-dependent substrates oxidation in permeabilized rat hepatocytes. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj92.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Peruzzo R, Costa R, Bachmann M, Leanza L, Szabò I. Mitochondrial Metabolism, Contact Sites and Cellular Calcium Signaling: Implications for Tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2574. [PMID: 32927611 PMCID: PMC7564994 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are organelles that are mainly involved in the generation of ATP by cellular respiration. In addition, they modulate several intracellular functions, ranging from cell proliferation and differentiation to cell death. Importantly, mitochondria are social and can interact with other organelles, such as the Endoplasmic Reticulum, lysosomes and peroxisomes. This symbiotic relationship gives advantages to both partners in regulating some of their functions related to several aspects of cell survival, metabolism, sensitivity to cell death and metastasis, which can all finally contribute to tumorigenesis. Moreover, growing evidence indicates that modulation of the length and/or numbers of these contacts, as well as of the distance between the two engaged organelles, impacts both on their function as well as on cellular signaling. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the field of contacts and communication between mitochondria and other intracellular organelles, focusing on how the tuning of mitochondrial function might impact on both the interaction with other organelles as well as on intracellular signaling in cancer development and progression, with a special focus on calcium signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (R.P.); (R.C.); (M.B.); (I.S.)
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Carraro M, Jones K, Sartori G, Schiavone M, Antonucci S, Kucharczyk R, di Rago JP, Franchin C, Arrigoni G, Forte M, Bernardi P. The Unique Cysteine of F-ATP Synthase OSCP Subunit Participates in Modulation of the Permeability Transition Pore. Cell Rep 2020; 32:108095. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Carraro M, Carrer A, Urbani A, Bernardi P. Molecular nature and regulation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore(s), drug target(s) in cardioprotection. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 144:76-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Hausenloy DJ, Schulz R, Girao H, Kwak BR, De Stefani D, Rizzuto R, Bernardi P, Di Lisa F. Mitochondrial ion channels as targets for cardioprotection. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:7102-7114. [PMID: 32490600 PMCID: PMC7339171 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and the heart failure (HF) that often result remain the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. As such, new therapeutic targets need to be discovered to protect the myocardium against acute ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in order to reduce myocardial infarct (MI) size, preserve left ventricular function and prevent the onset of HF. Mitochondrial dysfunction during acute I/R injury is a critical determinant of cell death following AMI, and therefore, ion channels in the inner mitochondrial membrane, which are known to influence cell death and survival, provide potential therapeutic targets for cardioprotection. In this article, we review the role of mitochondrial ion channels, which are known to modulate susceptibility to acute myocardial I/R injury, and we explore their potential roles as therapeutic targets for reducing MI size and preventing HF following AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek J. Hausenloy
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders ProgramDuke‐National University of Singapore Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
- National Heart Research Institute SingaporeNational Heart CentreSingaporeSingapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- The Hatter Cardiovascular InstituteUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Cardiovascular Research CenterCollege of Medical and Health SciencesAsia UniversityTaichung CityTaiwan
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute of PhysiologyJustus‐Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany
| | - Henrique Girao
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of MedicineUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB)University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of CoimbraCACCCoimbraPortugal
| | - Brenda R. Kwak
- Department of Pathology and ImmunologyUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Diego De Stefani
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Rosario Rizzuto
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
- CNR Neuroscience InstitutePadovaItaly
| | - Fabio Di Lisa
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
- CNR Neuroscience InstitutePadovaItaly
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Santajit S, Seesuay W, Mahasongkram K, Sookrung N, Pumirat P, Ampawong S, Reamtong O, Chongsa-Nguan M, Chaicumpa W, Indrawattana N. Human Single-chain Variable Fragments Neutralize Pseudomonas aeruginosa Quorum Sensing Molecule, 3O-C12-HSL, and Prevent Cells From the HSL-mediated Apoptosis. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1172. [PMID: 32670218 PMCID: PMC7326786 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The quorum sensing (QS) signaling molecule, N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (3O-C12-HSL), contributes to the pathogenesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by regulating expression of the bacterial virulence factors that cause intense inflammation and toxicity in the infected host. As such, the QS molecule is an attractive therapeutic target for direct-acting inhibitors. Several substances, both synthetic and naturally derived products, have shown effectiveness against detrimental 3O-C12-HSL activity. Unfortunately, these compounds are relatively toxic to mammalian cells, which limits their clinical application. In this study, fully human single-chain variable fragments (HuscFvs) that bind to P. aeruginosa haptenic 3O-C12-HSL were generated based on the principle of antibody polyspecificity and molecular mimicry of antigenic molecules. The HuscFvs neutralized 3O-C12-HSL activity and prevented mammalian cells from the HSL-mediated apoptosis, as observed by Annexin V/PI staining assay, sub-G1 arrest population investigation, transmission electron microscopy for ultrastructural morphology of mitochondria, and confocal microscopy for nuclear condensation and DNA fragmentation. Computerized homology modeling and intermolecular docking predicted that the effective HuscFvs interacted with several regions of the bacterially derived ligand that possibly conferred neutralizing activity. The effective HuscFvs should be tested further in vitro on P. aeruginosa phenotypes as well as in vivo as a sole or adjunctive therapeutic agent against P. aeruginosa infections, especially in antibiotic-resistant cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirijan Santajit
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Watee Seesuay
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kodchakorn Mahasongkram
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nitat Sookrung
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Biomedical Research Unit, Department of Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pornpan Pumirat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sumate Ampawong
- Department of Tropical Pathology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Onrapak Reamtong
- Department of Tropical Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Manas Chongsa-Nguan
- Faculty of Public Health and Environment, Pathumthani University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nitaya Indrawattana
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Daiber A, Münzel T. Interplay of the red blood cell and vascular endothelial nitric oxide synthase system to combat cardiac complications of anemia. Basic Res Cardiol 2020; 115:44. [PMID: 32533259 PMCID: PMC7292806 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-020-0801-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Daiber
- Center for Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, Geb. 605, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Center for Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, Geb. 605, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany.
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Valosin-Containing Protein, a Calcium-Associated ATPase Protein, in Endoplasmic Reticulum and Mitochondrial Function and Its Implications for Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113842. [PMID: 32481679 PMCID: PMC7312078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrion are the key organelles in mammal cells and play crucial roles in a variety of biological functions in both physiological and pathological conditions. Valosin-containing protein (VCP), a newly identified calcium-associated ATPase protein, has been found to be involved in both ER and mitochondrial function. Impairment of VCP, caused by structural mutations or alterations of expressions, contributes to the development of various diseases, through an integrating effect on ER, mitochondria and the ubiquitin–proteasome system, by interfering with protein degradation, subcellular translocation and calcium homeostasis. Thus, understanding the role and the molecular mechanisms of VCP in these organelles brings new insights to the pathogenesis of the associated diseases, and leads to the discovery of new therapeutic strategies. In this review, we summarized the progress of studies on VCP, in terms of its regulation of ER and mitochondrial function and its implications for the associated diseases, focusing on the cancers, heart disease, and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Subermaniam K, Yow YY, Lim SH, Koh OH, Wong KH. Malaysian macroalga Padina australis Hauck attenuates high dose corticosterone-mediated oxidative damage in PC12 cells mimicking the effects of depression. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:1435-1445. [PMID: 32489279 PMCID: PMC7254034 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative damage has been associated with the pathophysiology of depression. Macroalgae are equipped with antioxidant defense system to counteract the effects of free radicals. We explored the use of Malaysian Padina australis to attenuate high dose corticosterone-mediated oxidative damage in a cellular model mimicking depression. Fresh specimen of P. australis was freeze-dried and extracted sequentially with hexanes, ethyl acetate and ethanol. The extracts were screened for their phytochemical contents and antioxidant activities. Ethanol extract demonstrated the most potent antioxidant capacity and was selected for subsequent assays against high dose corticosterone of 600 µM-mediated oxidative damage in the rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. The corticosterone reduced the cell viability, glutathione (GSH) level, aconitase activity, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP); and increased the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and apoptosis. However, the extent of oxidative damage was reversed by 0.25–0.5 mg/mL ethanol extract suggesting a possible role of P. australis-based antioxidants in the mitochondrial defense against constant ROS generation and regulation of antioxidant pathway. The effects were similar to that of desipramine, a tricyclic antidepressant. Our findings indicate that P. australis can be developed as a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant to mitigate antidepressant-like effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kogilavani Subermaniam
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Examination and Certification Unit, Training Management Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 62675 Putrajaya, Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Yoon Yen Yow
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science & Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Siew Huah Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ong Hui Koh
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kah Hui Wong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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