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Turkistani A, Al-kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Albuhadily AK, Elhussieny O, AL-Farga A, Aqlan F, Saad HM, Batiha GES. The functional and molecular roles of p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75 NTR) in epilepsy. J Cent Nerv Syst Dis 2024; 16:11795735241247810. [PMID: 38655152 PMCID: PMC11036928 DOI: 10.1177/11795735241247810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder manifested by recurring unprovoked seizures resulting from an imbalance in the inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters in the brain. The process of epileptogenesis involves a complex interplay between the reduction of inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and the enhancement of excitatory glutamate. Pro-BDNF/p75NTR expression is augmented in both glial cells and neurons following epileptic seizures and status epileptics (SE). Over-expression of p75NTR is linked with the pathogenesis of epilepsy, and augmentation of pro-BDNF/p75NTR is implicated in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. However, the precise mechanistic function of p75NTR in epilepsy has not been completely elucidated. Therefore, this review aimed to revise the mechanistic pathway of p75NTR in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areej Turkistani
- Department of pharmacology and toxicology, Collage of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi
| | - Hayder M. Al-kuraishy
- Professor in department of clinical pharmacology and medicine, college of medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I. Al-Gareeb
- Professor in department of clinical pharmacology and medicine, college of medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali K. Albuhadily
- Professor in department of clinical pharmacology and medicine, college of medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Omnya Elhussieny
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Marsa Matruh, Egypt
| | - Ammar AL-Farga
- Biochemistry Department, College of Sciences, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudia Arbia
| | - Faisal Aqlan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Ibb University, Ibb Governorate, Yemen
| | - Hebatallah M. Saad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, Egypt
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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2
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Chang SR, Liu JG, Li H, Liu MX, Shi DD, Zhou LJ. Pharmaceutical and pharmacological studies of Shen Ma Yi Zhi granule for prevention of vascular dementia: A review. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1044572. [PMID: 36507350 PMCID: PMC9731835 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1044572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: With dementia significantly increasing hospitalization and disability rates, worldwide aging of the population presents major challenges to public health. The majority of cases of cognitive dysfunction among the elderly, however, are characterized by an identifiable, preventable and treatable vascular component. As such, increased study of preventative methods in the context of dementia is warranted. Traditional Chinese medicine compounds have been reported to be neuroprotective and improve cognitive function via a variety of mechanisms. Shen Ma Yi Zhi granule (SMYZG) is one such collection of compounds that has been proven clinically effective. Pharmacological mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics and clinical applications of SMYZG have been previously studied using a variety of vascular dementia animal models. SMYZG activates and regulates four main signaling pathways relevant to vascular dementia including the AMPK/PPARα/PGC-1α/UCP2, Nrf2/HO-1, HIF-1/VEGF/Notch, and VEGF/Flk-1/p8 MAPK pathways. Furthermore, SMYZG influences anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant stress responses, reverses demyelination of brain white matter and vascular endothelium, regulates pericyte function and normalizes mitochondrial metabolism. Neuroprotective effects of SMYZG, as well as those promoting regeneration of vascular endothelium, have also been reported in studies of rat models of vascular dementia. Future research concerning SMYG is warranted for development of vascular dementia preventative management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-rui Chang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-gang Liu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Jian-gang Liu,
| | - Hao Li
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Institute of Geriatrics of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Hao Li,
| | - Mei-xia Liu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Institute of Geriatrics of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dan-dan Shi
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Institute of Geriatrics of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-juan Zhou
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Institute of Geriatrics of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Wang SS, Li XH, Liu P, Li J, Liu L. The relationship between Alzheimer's disease and intestinal microflora structure and inflammatory factors. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:972982. [PMID: 36437994 PMCID: PMC9681782 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.972982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To analyze the structural characteristics of intestinal microflora and changes of serum inflammatory factors of the Alzheimer's disease, and to explore the relationship between them and dementia, we selected 30 patients in the AD group and 30 patients in the normal group, and collected stool samples to analyze the intestinal flora structure characteristics of the two groups of patients, and statistically analyzed the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 by ELISA from the venous blood of the two groups. The results show that the dominant Bacteroides in the two groups are Bacteroides, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. The abundance of Bacteroides, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria in the AD group shows a statistical difference. At the genus level, the abundance of anti-inflammatory bacteria such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Ruminococcus drops in AD group, while the abundance of pro-inflammatory bacteria such as Escherichia and Enterococcus raises. Statistical analysis of inflammatory cytokines in the two groups suggests that TNF-α and IL-6 levels significantly increase in the AD group, with statistical differences. Therefore, it is speculated that the increased abundance of pro-inflammatory bacteria in intestinal flora may lead to or aggravate neuroinflammation through the release of inflammatory factors, thus further leading to the occurrence and development of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-shan Wang
- Department of General Practice, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-hui Li
- Six Health Care Department, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of General Practice, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of General Practice, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of General Practice, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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4
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Sphingolipid control of cognitive functions in health and disease. Prog Lipid Res 2022; 86:101162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Lin PH, Kuo LT, Luh HT. The Roles of Neurotrophins in Traumatic Brain Injury. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 12:life12010026. [PMID: 35054419 PMCID: PMC8780368 DOI: 10.3390/life12010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neurotrophins are a collection of structurally and functionally related proteins. They play important roles in many aspects of neural development, survival, and plasticity. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to different levels of central nervous tissue destruction and cellular repair through various compensatory mechanisms promoted by the injured brain. Many studies have shown that neurotrophins are key modulators of neuroinflammation, apoptosis, blood–brain barrier permeability, memory capacity, and neurite regeneration. The expression of neurotrophins following TBI is affected by the severity of injury, genetic polymorphism, and different post-traumatic time points. Emerging research is focused on the potential therapeutic applications of neurotrophins in managing TBI. We conducted a comprehensive review by organizing the studies that demonstrate the role of neurotrophins in the management of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Hung Lin
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - Lu-Ting Kuo
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - Hui-Tzung Luh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-956279587
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Barabás K, Kobolák J, Godó S, Kovács T, Ernszt D, Kecskés M, Varga C, Jánosi TZ, Fujiwara T, Kusumi A, Téglási A, Dinnyés A, Ábrahám IM. Live-Cell Imaging of Single Neurotrophin Receptor Molecules on Human Neurons in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413260. [PMID: 34948057 PMCID: PMC8708879 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotrophin receptors such as the tropomyosin receptor kinase A receptor (TrkA) and the low-affinity binding p75 neurotrophin receptor p75NTR play a critical role in neuronal survival and their functions are altered in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Changes in the dynamics of receptors on the plasma membrane are essential to receptor function. However, whether receptor dynamics are affected in different pathophysiological conditions is unexplored. Using live-cell single-molecule imaging, we examined the surface trafficking of TrkA and p75NTR molecules on live neurons that were derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) of presenilin 1 (PSEN1) mutant familial AD (fAD) patients and non-demented control subjects. Our results show that the surface movement of TrkA and p75NTR and the activation of TrkA- and p75NTR-related phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT) signaling pathways are altered in neurons that are derived from patients suffering from fAD compared to controls. These results provide evidence for altered surface movement of receptors in AD and highlight the importance of investigating receptor dynamics in disease conditions. Uncovering these mechanisms might enable novel therapies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Barabás
- NAP Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Institute, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (K.B.); (S.G.); (T.K.); (D.E.); (T.Z.J.); (I.M.Á.)
| | | | - Soma Godó
- NAP Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Institute, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (K.B.); (S.G.); (T.K.); (D.E.); (T.Z.J.); (I.M.Á.)
| | - Tamás Kovács
- NAP Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Institute, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (K.B.); (S.G.); (T.K.); (D.E.); (T.Z.J.); (I.M.Á.)
| | - Dávid Ernszt
- NAP Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Institute, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (K.B.); (S.G.); (T.K.); (D.E.); (T.Z.J.); (I.M.Á.)
| | - Miklós Kecskés
- NAP-B Cortical Microcircuits Research Group, Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Institute, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (M.K.); (C.V.)
| | - Csaba Varga
- NAP-B Cortical Microcircuits Research Group, Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Institute, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (M.K.); (C.V.)
| | - Tibor Z. Jánosi
- NAP Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Institute, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (K.B.); (S.G.); (T.K.); (D.E.); (T.Z.J.); (I.M.Á.)
| | - Takahiro Fujiwara
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan;
| | - Akihiro Kusumi
- Membrane Cooperativity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), Onna 904-0495, Japan;
| | | | - András Dinnyés
- BioTalentum Ltd., 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary; (J.K.); (A.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - István M. Ábrahám
- NAP Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Institute, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (K.B.); (S.G.); (T.K.); (D.E.); (T.Z.J.); (I.M.Á.)
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Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 Effect on Human Glioblastoma Cell Transmigration and Migration. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11070708. [PMID: 34357080 PMCID: PMC8307702 DOI: 10.3390/life11070708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, World Health Organization—grade IV, is the most malignant glioma type and it is still an incurable tumor due to the high level of heterogeneity and uncontrolled metastatic nature. In addition to the tumorigenicity-suppressing activity, bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) has recently been found for its invasion-promoting role in glioblastoma. However, the detailed and precise mechanism in this issue should have more elucidation. Thus, in this study, we determined the BMP7 effect on glioblastoma transmigration and migration regulations and the underlying mechanisms. Human LN18/LN229 glioblastoma cells were used in this study. Our results showed a higher BMP7/pSmad5 level in human malignant glioma tissues compared to healthy brain tissues. In addition, it was demonstrated that endogenous and exogenous BMP7 stimulation could increase the transmigration and migration capabilities of human LN18/LN229 glioblastoma cells. Moreover, this event is regulated by Smad5 and p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) signaling. Furthermore, unexpected data are that the Smad1 gene knockdown could lead to the cell death of human LN18 glioblastoma cells. Overall, the present study finds that the invasion-promoting activity of BMP7 might be an autocrine stimulation of glioblastoma and this effect could be regulated by Smad5-p75NTR signaling.
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Perri A, Rago V, Malivindi R, Maltese L, Lofaro D, Greco EA, Tucci L, Bonofiglio R, Vergine M, La Vignera S, Chiefari E, Brunetti A, Aversa A. Overexpression of p75 NTR in Human Seminoma: A New Biomarker? Life (Basel) 2021; 11:629. [PMID: 34209730 PMCID: PMC8303822 DOI: 10.3390/life11070629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that the p75NTR low-affinity receptor of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), is produced in abnormally large amounts in several human cancer types. However, the role of p75NTR varies substantially depending on cell context, so that a dual role of this receptor protein in tumor cell survival and invasion, as well as cell death, has been supported in recent studies. Herein we explored for the first time the expression of p75NTR in human specimens (nr = 40) from testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs), mostly seminomas. Nuclear overexpression of p75NTR was detected by immunohistochemistry in seminoma tissue as compared to normal tissue, whereas neither NGF nor its high-affinity TrkA receptor was detected. An increased nuclear staining of phospho-JNK, belonging to the p75NTR signaling pathway and its pro-apoptotic target gene, p53, was concomitantly observed. Interestingly, our analysis revealed that decreased expression frequency of p75NTR, p-JNK and p53 was related to staging progression, thus suggesting that p75NTR may represent a specific marker for seminoma and staging in TGCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Perri
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Annunziata Hospital, 89100 Cosenza, Italy; (A.P.); (D.L.); (R.B.)
| | - Vittoria Rago
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Rocco Malivindi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Lorenza Maltese
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, “Pugliese-Ciaccio” Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (L.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Danilo Lofaro
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Annunziata Hospital, 89100 Cosenza, Italy; (A.P.); (D.L.); (R.B.)
- deHealth Lab—DIMEG, UNICAL, Arcavacata di Rende (C.S.), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Emanuela Alessandra Greco
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.A.G.); (E.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Luigi Tucci
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, “Pugliese-Ciaccio” Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (L.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Renzo Bonofiglio
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Annunziata Hospital, 89100 Cosenza, Italy; (A.P.); (D.L.); (R.B.)
| | - Margherita Vergine
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Græcia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.V.); (A.A.)
| | - Sandro La Vignera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy;
| | - Eusebio Chiefari
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.A.G.); (E.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Antonio Brunetti
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.A.G.); (E.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Antonio Aversa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Græcia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.V.); (A.A.)
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Zainullina LF, Vakhitova YV, Lusta AY, Gudasheva TA, Seredenin SB. Dimeric mimetic of BDNF loop 4 promotes survival of serum-deprived cell through TrkB-dependent apoptosis suppression. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7781. [PMID: 33833366 PMCID: PMC8032782 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87435-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is involved in the regulation of neuronal cell growth, differentiation, neuroprotection and synaptic plasticity. Although aberrant BDNF/TrkB signaling is implicated in several neurological, neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, neurotrophin-based therapy is challenging and is limited by improper pharmacokinetic properties of BDNF. Dimeric dipeptide compound GSB-106 (bis-(N-monosuccinyl-L-seryl-L-lysine) hexamethylenediamide) has earlier been designed to mimic the TrkB-interaction 4 loop of BDNF. It displayed protective effect in various cell-damaging models in vitro. Animal studies uncovered antidepressive and neuroprotective properties upon GSB-106 per os administration. Current study shows that GSB-106 acts similarly to BDNF, promoting survival of serum-deprived neuronal-like SH-SY5Y cells. 100 nmol concentration of GSB-106 provided maximum neurotrophic effect, which corresponds to about 37% of the maximum effect provided by BDNF. Protective properties of GSB-106 arise from its ability to counteract cell apoptosis via activation of TrkB-dependent pro-survival mechanisms, including inactivation of pro-apoptotic BAD protein and suppression of caspases 9 and 3/7. Thus, our study has characterized neurotrophic activity of small dimeric compound GSB-106, which mimics certain biological functions of BDNF and neurotrophin-specific protective mechanisms. GSB-106 also displays similarities to some known low weight peptide and non-peptide TrkB ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- L F Zainullina
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology", 125315, Baltiyskaya str. 8, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu V Vakhitova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology", 125315, Baltiyskaya str. 8, Moscow, Russia.
| | - A Yu Lusta
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology", 125315, Baltiyskaya str. 8, Moscow, Russia
| | - T A Gudasheva
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology", 125315, Baltiyskaya str. 8, Moscow, Russia
| | - S B Seredenin
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology", 125315, Baltiyskaya str. 8, Moscow, Russia
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Ozalp O, Cark O, Azbazdar Y, Haykir B, Cucun G, Kucukaylak I, Alkan-Yesilyurt G, Sezgin E, Ozhan G. Nradd Acts as a Negative Feedback Regulator of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling and Promotes Apoptosis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:100. [PMID: 33466728 PMCID: PMC7828832 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling controls many biological processes for the generation and sustainability of proper tissue size, organization and function during development and homeostasis. Consequently, mutations in the Wnt pathway components and modulators cause diseases, including genetic disorders and cancers. Targeted treatment of pathway-associated diseases entails detailed understanding of the regulatory mechanisms that fine-tune Wnt signaling. Here, we identify the neurotrophin receptor-associated death domain (Nradd), a homolog of p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR), as a negative regulator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in zebrafish embryos and in mammalian cells. Nradd significantly suppresses Wnt8-mediated patterning of the mesoderm and neuroectoderm during zebrafish gastrulation. Nradd is localized at the plasma membrane, physically interacts with the Wnt receptor complex and enhances apoptosis in cooperation with Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Our functional analyses indicate that the N-glycosylated N-terminus and the death domain-containing C-terminus regions are necessary for both the inhibition of Wnt signaling and apoptosis. Finally, Nradd can induce apoptosis in mammalian cells. Thus, Nradd regulates cell death as a modifier of Wnt/β-catenin signaling during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgun Ozalp
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340 Izmir, Turkey; (O.O.); (O.C.); (Y.A.); (B.H.); (G.C.); (I.K.); (G.A.-Y.)
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozge Cark
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340 Izmir, Turkey; (O.O.); (O.C.); (Y.A.); (B.H.); (G.C.); (I.K.); (G.A.-Y.)
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yagmur Azbazdar
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340 Izmir, Turkey; (O.O.); (O.C.); (Y.A.); (B.H.); (G.C.); (I.K.); (G.A.-Y.)
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Betul Haykir
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340 Izmir, Turkey; (O.O.); (O.C.); (Y.A.); (B.H.); (G.C.); (I.K.); (G.A.-Y.)
- Institute of Physiology, Switzerland and National Center of Competence in Research NCCR Kidney, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gokhan Cucun
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340 Izmir, Turkey; (O.O.); (O.C.); (Y.A.); (B.H.); (G.C.); (I.K.); (G.A.-Y.)
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ismail Kucukaylak
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340 Izmir, Turkey; (O.O.); (O.C.); (Y.A.); (B.H.); (G.C.); (I.K.); (G.A.-Y.)
- Institute of Zoology-Developmental Biology, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Gozde Alkan-Yesilyurt
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340 Izmir, Turkey; (O.O.); (O.C.); (Y.A.); (B.H.); (G.C.); (I.K.); (G.A.-Y.)
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden;
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, MRC Human Immunology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX39DS, UK
| | - Gunes Ozhan
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340 Izmir, Turkey; (O.O.); (O.C.); (Y.A.); (B.H.); (G.C.); (I.K.); (G.A.-Y.)
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340 Izmir, Turkey
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Qin T, Yuan Z, Yu J, Fu X, Deng X, Fu Q, Ma Z, Ma S. Saikosaponin-d impedes hippocampal neurogenesis and causes cognitive deficits by inhibiting the survival of neural stem/progenitor cells via neurotrophin receptor signaling in mice. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:e243. [PMID: 33377633 PMCID: PMC7752162 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem/progenitor cells (NPCs) are multipotent stem cells in the central nervous system. Damage to NPCs has been demonstrated to cause adverse effects on neurogenesis and to contribute to neurological diseases. Our previous research suggested that saikosaponin-d (SSd), a cytostatic drug belonging to the bioactive triterpenoid saponins, exhibited neurotoxicity by inhibiting hippocampal neurogenesis, but the underlying mechanism remained elusive. This study was performed to clarify the role of SSd in cognitive function and the mechanism by which SSd induced damage to hippocampal neurogenesis and NPCs. Our results indicated that SSd caused hippocampus-dependent cognitive deficits and inhibited hippocampal neurogenesis by reducing the numbers of newborn neurons in mice. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that SSd-induced neurotoxicity in the hippocampus involved neurotrophin receptor-interacting MAGE (NRAGE)/neurotrophin receptor interacting factor (NRIF)/p75NTR -associated cell death executor (NADE) cell signaling activated by the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR ). Mechanistic studies showed that a short hairpin RNA targeting p75NTR intracellular domain reversed SSd-increased NRAGE/NRIF/NADE signaling and the c-Jun N-terminal kinase/caspase apoptotic pathway, subsequently contributing to the survival of NPCs, as well as cell proliferation and differentiation. The addition of recombinant brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) ameliorated the SSd-induced inhibition of BDNF/Tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) neurotrophic signaling, but did not affect SSd-activated pro-BDNF/p75NTR signaling. Moreover, the SSd-induced elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ concentration was responsible for damage to NPCs. The extracellular Ca2+ chelator ethylene glycol-bis(2-aminoethylether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), rather than the intracellular Ca2+ chelator 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid tetrakis(acetoxymethyl ester) (BAPTA/AM), attenuated SSd-induced cytosolic Ca2+ dysfunction and SSd-disordered TrkB/p75NTR signaling. Overall, this study demonstrated a new mechanism for the neurotoxic effect of SSd, which has emerging implications for pharmacological research of SSd and provides a better understanding of neurotoxicity induced by cytostatic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Qin
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ziqiao Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug ScreeningChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jiayu Yu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xinxin Fu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xueyang Deng
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhanqiang Ma
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Shiping Ma
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
- Qinba Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources Research and Development CenterAnKang UniversityAnkangChina
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Wang Y, Yang K, Li G, Liu R, Liu J, Li J, Tang M, Zhao M, Song J, Wen X. p75NTR -/- mice exhibit an alveolar bone loss phenotype and inhibited PI3K/Akt/β-catenin pathway. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12800. [PMID: 32215984 PMCID: PMC7162804 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the role of p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) in regulating the mouse alveolar bone development and the mineralization potential of murine ectomesenchymal stem cells (EMSCs). Moreover, we tried to explore the underlying mechanisms associated with the PI3K/Akt/β-catenin pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS p75NTR knockout (p75NTR-/- ) mice and wild-type (WT) littermates were used. E12.5d p75NTR-/- and WT EMSCs were isolated in the same pregnant p75NTR-/+ mice from embryonic maxillofacial processes separately. Mouse alveolar bone mass was evaluated using micro-CT. Differential osteogenic differentiation pathways between p75NTR-/- and WT EMSCs were analysed by RNA-sequencing. The PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and PI3K agonist 740Y-P were used to regulate the PI3K/Akt pathway in EMSCs. p75NTR overexpression lentiviruses, p75NTR knock-down lentiviruses and recombined mouse NGF were used to transfect cells. RESULTS The alveolar bone mass was found reduced in the p75NTR knockout mouse comparing to the WT mouse. During mineralization induction, p75NTR-/- EMSCs displayed decreased osteogenic capacity and downregulated PI3K/Akt/β-catenin signalling. The PI3K/Akt/β-catenin pathway positively regulates the potential of differential mineralization in EMSCs. The promotive effect of p75NTR overexpression can be attenuated by LY294002, while the inhibitory effect of p75NTR knock-down on Runx2 and Col1 expression can be reversed by 740Y-P. CONCLUSION Deletion of p75NTR reduced alveolar bone mass in mice. P75NTR positively regulated the osteogenic differentiation of EMSCs via enhancing the PI3K/Akt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- Department of StomatologyDaping HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of PeriodontologyStomatological HospitalZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Gang Li
- Department of StomatologyDaping HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of StomatologyDaping HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Junyu Liu
- College of StomatologyChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Jun Li
- Department of StomatologyDaping HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Mengying Tang
- Hospital of StomatologySouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Manzhu Zhao
- College of StomatologyChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Jinlin Song
- College of StomatologyChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xiujie Wen
- Department of StomatologyDaping HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Hospital of StomatologySouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
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13
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Knockout of p75 neurotrophin receptor attenuates the hyperphosphorylation of Tau in pR5 mouse model. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:6762-6791. [PMID: 31479419 PMCID: PMC6756909 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, whether p75NTR is involved in Tau hyperphosphorylation, one of the pathologies observed in AD, remains unclear. In our previous study, the extracellular domain of p75NTR blocked amyloid beta (Aβ) toxicity and attenuated Aβ-induced Tau hyperphosphorylation. Here we show that, in the absence of Aβ, p75NTR regulates Tau phosphorylation in the transgenic mice with the P301L human Tau mutation (pR5). The knockout of p75NTR in pR5 mice attenuated the phosphorylation of human Tau. In addition, the elevated activity of kinases responsible for Tau phosphorylation including glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta; cyclin-dependent-kinase 5; and Rho-associated protein kinase was also inhibited when p75NTR is knocked out in pR5 mice at 9 months of age. The increased caspase-3 activity observed in pR5 mice was also abolished in the absence of p75NTR. Our study also showed that p75NTR is required for Aβ- and pro-brain derived neurotrophin factor (proBDNF)-induced Tau phosphorylation, in vitro. Overall, our data indicate that p75NTR is required for Tau phosphorylation, a key event in the formation of neurofibrillary tangles, another hallmark of AD. Thus, targeting p75NTR could reduce or prevent the pathologic hyperphosphorylation of Tau.
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Fahnestock M, Shekari A. ProNGF and Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:129. [PMID: 30853882 PMCID: PMC6395390 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Profound and early basal forebrain cholinergic neuron (BFCN) degeneration is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Loss of synapses between basal forebrain and hippocampal and cortical target tissue correlates highly with the degree of dementia and is thought to be a major contributor to memory loss. BFCNs depend for their survival, connectivity and function on the neurotrophin nerve growth factor (NGF) which is retrogradely transported from its sites of synthesis in the cortex and hippocampus. The form of NGF found in human brain is proNGF. ProNGF binds to the NGF receptors TrkA and p75NTR, but it binds more strongly to p75NTR and more weakly to TrkA than does mature NGF. This renders proNGF more sensitive to receptor balance than mature NGF. In the healthy brain, where BFCNs express both TrkA and p75NTR, proNGF is neurotrophic, activating TrkA-dependent signaling pathways such as MAPK and Akt-mTOR and eliciting cell survival and neurite outgrowth. However, if TrkA is lost or if p75NTR is increased, proNGF activates p75NTR-dependent apoptotic pathways such as JNK. This receptor sensitivity serves as a neurotrophic/apoptotic switch that eliminates BFCNs that cannot maintain TrkA/p75NTR balance and therefore synaptic connections with their targets. TrkA is increasingly lost in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. In addition, proNGF accumulates at BFCN terminals in cortex and hippocampus, reducing the amount of trophic factor that reaches BFCN cell bodies. The loss of TrkA and accumulation of proNGF occur early in MCI and correlate with cognitive impairment. Increased levels of proNGF and reduced levels of TrkA lead to BFCN neurodegeneration and eventual p75NTR-dependent apoptosis. In addition, in AD BFCNs suffer from reduced TrkA-dependent retrograde transport which reduces neurotrophic support. Thus, BFCNs are particularly vulnerable to AD due to their dependence upon retrograde trophic support from proNGF signaling and transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Fahnestock
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Arman Shekari
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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15
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Tiernan CT, Ginsberg SD, He B, Ward SM, Guillozet-Bongaarts AL, Kanaan NM, Mufson EJ, Counts SE. Pretangle pathology within cholinergic nucleus basalis neurons coincides with neurotrophic and neurotransmitter receptor gene dysregulation during the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 117:125-136. [PMID: 29859871 PMCID: PMC6278831 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholinergic basal forebrain neurons of the nucleus basalis of Meynert (nbM) regulate attentional and memory function and are exquisitely prone to tau pathology and neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) formation during the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). nbM neurons require the neurotrophin nerve growth factor (NGF), its cognate receptor TrkA, and the pan-neurotrophin receptor p75NTR for their maintenance and survival. Additionally, nbM neuronal activity and cholinergic tone are regulated by the expression of nicotinic (nAChR) and muscarinic (mAChR) acetylcholine receptors as well as receptors modulating glutamatergic and catecholaminergic afferent signaling. To date, the molecular and cellular relationships between the evolution of tau pathology and nbM neuronal survival remain unknown. To address this knowledge gap, we profiled cholinotrophic pathway genes within nbM neurons immunostained for pS422, a pretangle phosphorylation event preceding tau C-terminal truncation at D421, or dual-labeled for pS422 and TauC3, a later stage tau neo-epitope revealed by this same C-terminal truncation event, via single-population custom microarray analysis. nbM neurons were obtained from postmortem tissues from subjects who died with an antemortem clinical diagnosis of no cognitive impairment (NCI), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or mild/moderate AD. Quantitative analysis revealed significant downregulation of mRNAs encoding TrkA as well as TrkB, TrkC, and the Trk-mediated downstream pro-survival kinase Akt in pS422+ compared to unlabeled, pS422-negative nbM neurons. In addition, pS422+ neurons displayed a downregulation of transcripts encoding NMDA receptor subunit 2B, metabotropic glutamate receptor 2, D2 dopamine receptor, and β1 adrenoceptor. By contrast, transcripts encoding p75NTR were downregulated in dual-labeled pS422+/TauC3+ neurons. Appearance of the TauC3 epitope was also associated with an upregulation of the α7 nAChR subunit and differential downregulation of the β2 nAChR subunit. Notably, we found that gene expression patterns for each cell phenotype did not differ with clinical diagnosis. However, linear regression revealed that global cognition and Braak stage were predictors of select transcript changes within both unlabeled and pS422+/TauC3- neurons. Taken together, these cell phenotype-specific gene expression profiling data suggest that dysregulation of neurotrophic and neurotransmitter signaling is an early pathogenic mechanism associated with NFT formation in vulnerable nbM neurons and cognitive decline in AD, which may be amenable to therapeutic intervention early in the disease process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea T Tiernan
- Department of Translational Science and Molecular Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Stephen D Ginsberg
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Physiology & Neuroscience, NYU Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; NYU Neuroscience Institute, NYU Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bin He
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Sarah M Ward
- Department of Translational Science and Molecular Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | | | - Nicholas M Kanaan
- Department of Translational Science and Molecular Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Hauenstein Neurosciences Center, Mercy Health Saint Mary's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Elliott J Mufson
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Scott E Counts
- Department of Translational Science and Molecular Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Hauenstein Neurosciences Center, Mercy Health Saint Mary's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Department of Family Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Michigan Alzheimer's Disease Core Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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16
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Investigation of Mature BDNF and proBDNF Signaling in a Rat Photothrombotic Ischemic Model. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:637-649. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2464-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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Li Y, Sun Z, Cao Q, Chen M, Luo H, Lin X, Xiao F. Role of amyloid β protein receptors in mediating synaptic plasticity. Biomed Rep 2017; 6:379-386. [PMID: 28413635 PMCID: PMC5374942 DOI: 10.3892/br.2017.863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
There are few diseases in modern biomedicine that have garnered as much scientific interest and public concern as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The amyloid hypothesis has become the dominant model of AD pathogenesis; however, the details of the hypothesis are changing over time. Recently, given the increasing recognition, subtle effects of amyloid β protein (Aβ) on synaptic efficacy may be critical to AD progression. Synaptic plasticity is the important neurochemical foundation of learning and memory. Recent studies have identified that soluble Aβ oligomers combine with certain receptors to impair synaptic plasticity in AD, which advanced the amyloid hypothesis. The aim of the present review was to summarize the role of Aβ-relevant receptors in regulating synaptic plasticity and their downstream signaling cascades, which may provide novel insights into the understanding of the pathogenesis of AD and the development of therapeutic strategies to slow down the progression of AD-associated memory decline in the early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Zhongqing Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoyu Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Meiwan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P.R. China
| | - Huanmin Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Xi Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
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18
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Targeting Neurotrophins to Specific Populations of Neurons: NGF, BDNF, and NT-3 and Their Relevance for Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18030548. [PMID: 28273811 PMCID: PMC5372564 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurotrophins are a family of proteins that regulate neuronal survival, synaptic function, and neurotransmitter release, and elicit the plasticity and growth of axons within the adult central and peripheral nervous system. Since the 1950s, these factors have been extensively studied in traumatic injury models. Here we review several members of the classical family of neurotrophins, the receptors they bind to, and their contribution to axonal regeneration and sprouting of sensory and motor pathways after spinal cord injury (SCI). We focus on nerve growth factor (NGF), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and their effects on populations of neurons within diverse spinal tracts. Understanding the cellular targets of neurotrophins and the responsiveness of specific neuronal populations will allow for the most efficient treatment strategies in the injured spinal cord.
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19
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Pandini G, Satriano C, Pietropaolo A, Gianì F, Travaglia A, La Mendola D, Nicoletti VG, Rizzarelli E. The Inorganic Side of NGF: Copper(II) and Zinc(II) Affect the NGF Mimicking Signaling of the N-Terminus Peptides Encompassing the Recognition Domain of TrkA Receptor. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:569. [PMID: 28090201 PMCID: PMC5201159 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The nerve growth factor (NGF) N-terminus peptide, NGF(1–14), and its acetylated form, Ac-NGF(1–14), were investigated to scrutinize the ability of this neurotrophin domain to mimic the whole protein. Theoretical calculations demonstrated that non-covalent forces assist the molecular recognition of TrkA receptor by both peptides. Combined parallel tempering/docking simulations discriminated the effect of the N-terminal acetylation on the recognition of NGF(1–14) by the domain 5 of TrkA (TrkA-D5). Experimental findings demonstrated that both NGF(1–14) and Ac-NGF(1–14) activate TrkA signaling pathways essential for neuronal survival. The NGF-induced TrkA internalization was slightly inhibited in the presence of Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions, whereas the metal ions elicited the NGF(1–14)-induced internalization of TrkA and no significant differences were found in the weak Ac-NGF(1–14)-induced receptor internalization. The crucial role of the metals was confirmed by experiments with the metal-chelator bathocuproine disulfonic acid, which showed different inhibitory effects in the signaling cascade, due to different metal affinity of NGF, NGF(1–14) and Ac-NGF(1–14). The NGF signaling cascade, activated by the two peptides, induced CREB phosphorylation, but the copper addition further stimulated the Akt, ERK and CREB phosphorylation in the presence of NGF and NGF(1–14) only. A dynamic and quick influx of both peptides into PC12 cells was tracked by live cell imaging with confocal microscopy. A significant role of copper ions was found in the modulation of peptide sub-cellular localization, especially at the nuclear level. Furthermore, a strong copper ionophoric ability of NGF(1–14) was measured. The Ac-NGF(1–14) peptide, which binds copper ions with a lower stability constant than NGF(1–14), exhibited a lower nuclear localization with respect to the total cellular uptake. These findings were correlated to the metal-induced increase of CREB and BDNF expression caused by NGF(1–14) stimulation. In summary, we here validated NGF(1–14) and Ac-NGF(1–14) as first examples of monomer and linear peptides able to activate the NGF-TrkA signaling cascade. Metal ions modulated the activity of both NGF protein and the NGF-mimicking peptides. Such findings demonstrated that NGF(1–14) sequence can reproduce the signal transduction of whole protein, therefore representing a very promising drug candidate for further pre-clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Pandini
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, University of CataniaCatania, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimages - Catania, National Research CouncilCatania, Italy
| | - Cristina Satriano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of CataniaCatania, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi BiologiciBari, Italy
| | | | - Fiorenza Gianì
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, University of CataniaCatania, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimages - Catania, National Research CouncilCatania, Italy
| | | | - Diego La Mendola
- Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi BiologiciBari, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo G Nicoletti
- Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi BiologiciBari, Italy; Section of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), University of CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Enrico Rizzarelli
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimages - Catania, National Research CouncilCatania, Italy; Department of Chemical Sciences, University of CataniaCatania, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi BiologiciBari, Italy
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20
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Simmons DA, Belichenko NP, Ford EC, Semaan S, Monbureau M, Aiyaswamy S, Holman CM, Condon C, Shamloo M, Massa SM, Longo FM. A small molecule p75NTR ligand normalizes signalling and reduces Huntington's disease phenotypes in R6/2 and BACHD mice. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:4920-4938. [PMID: 28171570 PMCID: PMC5418739 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Decreases in the ratio of neurotrophic versus neurodegenerative signalling play a critical role in Huntington’s disease (HD) pathogenesis and recent evidence suggests that the p75 neurotrophin receptor (NTR) contributes significantly to disease progression. p75NTR signalling intermediates substantially overlap with those promoting neuronal survival and synapse integrity and with those affected by the mutant huntingtin (muHtt) protein. MuHtt increases p75NTR-associated deleterious signalling and decreases survival signalling suggesting that p75NTR could be a valuable therapeutic target. This hypothesis was investigated by examining the effects of an orally bioavailable, small molecule p75NTR ligand, LM11A-31, on HD-related neuropathology in HD mouse models (R6/2, BACHD). LM11A-31 restored striatal AKT and other pro-survival signalling while inhibiting c-Jun kinase (JNK) and other degenerative signalling. Normalizing p75NTR signalling with LM11A-31 was accompanied by reduced Htt aggregates and striatal cholinergic interneuron degeneration as well as extended survival in R6/2 mice. The p75NTR ligand also decreased inflammation, increased striatal and hippocampal dendritic spine density, and improved motor performance and cognition in R6/2 and BACHD mice. These results support small molecule modulation of p75NTR as an effective HD therapeutic strategy. LM11A-31 has successfully completed Phase I safety and pharmacokinetic clinical trials and is therefore a viable candidate for clinical studies in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle A. Simmons
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Nadia P. Belichenko
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Ellen C. Ford
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Sarah Semaan
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Marie Monbureau
- Behavioral and Functional Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute for Neuro-Innovation and Translational Neurosciences
| | - Sruti Aiyaswamy
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Cameron M. Holman
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Christina Condon
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Mehrdad Shamloo
- Behavioral and Functional Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute for Neuro-Innovation and Translational Neurosciences
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Stephen M. Massa
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory for Computational Neurochemistry and Drug Discovery, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Department of Neurology, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Frank M. Longo
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine
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21
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Courter LA, Shaffo FC, Ghogha A, Parrish DJ, Lorentz CU, Habecker BA, Lein PJ. BMP7-induced dendritic growth in sympathetic neurons requires p75(NTR) signaling. Dev Neurobiol 2016; 76:1003-13. [PMID: 26663679 PMCID: PMC4905816 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic morphology is a critical determinant of neuronal connectivity, and in postganglionic sympathetic neurons, tonic activity correlates directly with the size of the dendritic arbor. Thus, identifying signaling mechanisms that regulate dendritic arborization of sympathetic neurons is important to understanding how functional neural circuitry is established and maintained in the sympathetic nervous system. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) promote dendritic growth in sympathetic neurons; however, downstream signaling events that link BMP receptor activation to dendritic growth are poorly characterized. We previously reported that BMP7 upregulates p75(NTR) mRNA in cultured sympathetic neurons. This receptor is implicated in controlling dendritic growth in central neurons but whether p75(NTR) regulates dendritic growth in peripheral neurons is not known. Here, we demonstrate that BMP7 increases p75(NTR) protein in cultured sympathetic neurons, and this effect is blocked by pharmacologic inhibition of signaling via BMP type I receptor. BMP7 does not trigger dendritic growth in sympathetic neurons dissociated from superior cervical ganglia (SCG) of p75(NTR) nullizygous mice, and overexpression of p75(NTR) in p75(NTR) -/- neurons is sufficient to cause dendritic growth even in the absence of BMP7. Morphometric analyses of SCG from wild-type versus p75(NTR) nullizygous mice at 3, 6, and 12 to 16 weeks of age indicated that genetic deletion of p75(NTR) does not prevent dendritic growth but does stunt dendritic maturation in sympathetic neurons. These data support the hypotheses that p75(NTR) is involved in downstream signaling events that mediate BMP7-induced dendritic growth in sympathetic neurons, and suggest that p75(NTR) signaling positively modulates dendritic complexity in sympathetic neurons in vivo. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 76: 1003-1013, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A. Courter
- Center for Research on Occupational and Environmental Toxicology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Frances C. Shaffo
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Atefeh Ghogha
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Diana J. Parrish
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Christina U. Lorentz
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Beth A. Habecker
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Pamela J. Lein
- Center for Research on Occupational and Environmental Toxicology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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22
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Mochizuki M, Tamai K, Imai T, Sugawara S, Ogama N, Nakamura M, Matsuura K, Yamaguchi K, Satoh K, Sato I, Motohashi H, Sugamura K, Tanaka N. CD271 regulates the proliferation and motility of hypopharyngeal cancer cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30707. [PMID: 27469492 PMCID: PMC4965829 DOI: 10.1038/srep30707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
CD271 (p75 neurotrophin receptor) plays both positive and negative roles in cancer development, depending on the cell type. We previously reported that CD271 is a marker for tumor initiation and is correlated with a poor prognosis in human hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC). To clarify the role of CD271 in HPC, we established HPC cell lines and knocked down the CD271 expression using siRNA. We found that CD271-knockdown completely suppressed the cells’ tumor-forming capability both in vivo and in vitro. CD271-knockdown also induced cell-cycle arrest in G0 and suppressed ERK phosphorylation. While treatment with an ERK inhibitor only partially inhibited cell growth, CDKN1C, which is required for maintenance of quiescence, was strongly upregulated in CD271-depleted HPC cells, and the double knockdown of CD271 and CDKN1C partially rescued the cells from G0 arrest. In addition, either CD271 depletion or the inhibition of CD271-RhoA signaling by TAT-Pep5 diminished the in vitro migration capability of the HPC cells. Collectively, CD271 initiates tumor formation by increasing the cell proliferation capacity through CDKN1C suppression and ERK-signaling activation, and by accelerating the migration signaling pathway in HPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Mochizuki
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan.,Department of Oncovirology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keiichi Tamai
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan.,Department of Cancer Stem Cell Research, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takayuki Imai
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Miyagi Cancer Center, Natori, Japan
| | - Sayuri Sugawara
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan
| | - Naoko Ogama
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan
| | - Mao Nakamura
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan
| | - Kazuto Matsuura
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Miyagi Cancer Center, Natori, Japan.,Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazunori Yamaguchi
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan.,Department of Oncovirology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kennichi Satoh
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan.,Department of Cancer Stem Cell Research, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ikuro Sato
- Department of Pathology, Miyagi Cancer Center, Natori, Japan.,Department of Cancer Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hozumi Motohashi
- Department of Gene Expression Regulation, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuo Sugamura
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tanaka
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan.,Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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23
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Wang M, Li D, Yun D, Zhuang Y, Repunte-Canonigo V, Sanna PP, Behnisch T. Translation of BDNF-gene transcripts with short 3' UTR in hippocampal CA1 neurons improves memory formation and enhances synaptic plasticity-relevant signaling pathways. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2016; 138:121-134. [PMID: 27394686 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
While the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene and its multiple transcripts have been recognized as a key factor for learning, but the specific involvement of BDNF translated from BDNF transcripts with short-3' untranslated region (short 3' UTR) in learning and memory requires further analysis. In this paper, we present data to show that the transduction of hippocampal CA1 neurons with AAV9-5' UTR-BDNF (short 3' UTR)-IRES-ZsGreen and the subsequent expression of BDNF enhanced the phosphorylation of synaptic plasticity relevant proteins and improved passive avoidance and object location, but not object recognition memory. In addition, BDNF improved the relearning of object location. At higher BDNF overexpression levels, the fear behavior was accompanied with a decline in the passive avoidance memory 24h post training, and with an enhanced fear conditioning performance. In addition, these animals developed spontaneous seizures. Thus, the expression of BDNF in the hippocampal CA1 region has the potential to improve fear and object location memory in wild type mouse strains when the region and expression levels of BDNF are well controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Wang
- The Institutes of Brain Science, The State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongxue Li
- The Institutes of Brain Science, The State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Yun
- The Institutes of Brain Science, The State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinghan Zhuang
- The Institutes of Brain Science, The State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Vez Repunte-Canonigo
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Pietro Paolo Sanna
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Thomas Behnisch
- The Institutes of Brain Science, The State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Baeza-Raja B, Sachs BD, Li P, Christian F, Vagena E, Davalos D, Le Moan N, Ryu JK, Sikorski SL, Chan JP, Scadeng M, Taylor SS, Houslay MD, Baillie GS, Saltiel AR, Olefsky JM, Akassoglou K. p75 Neurotrophin Receptor Regulates Energy Balance in Obesity. Cell Rep 2015; 14:255-68. [PMID: 26748707 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic syndrome reflect the dysregulation of molecular pathways that control energy homeostasis. Here, we show that the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) controls energy expenditure in obese mice on a high-fat diet (HFD). Despite no changes in food intake, p75(NTR)-null mice were protected from HFD-induced obesity and remained lean as a result of increased energy expenditure without developing insulin resistance or liver steatosis. p75(NTR) directly interacts with the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A (PKA) and regulates cAMP signaling in adipocytes, leading to decreased lipolysis and thermogenesis. Adipocyte-specific depletion of p75(NTR) or transplantation of p75(NTR)-null white adipose tissue (WAT) into wild-type mice fed a HFD protected against weight gain and insulin resistance. Our results reveal that signaling from p75(NTR) to cAMP/PKA regulates energy balance and suggest that non-CNS neurotrophin receptor signaling could be a target for treating obesity and the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernat Baeza-Raja
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Benjamin D Sachs
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Pingping Li
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Frank Christian
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Eirini Vagena
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Dimitrios Davalos
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Natacha Le Moan
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jae Kyu Ryu
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Shoana L Sikorski
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Justin P Chan
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Miriam Scadeng
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Susan S Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Miles D Houslay
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - George S Baillie
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Alan R Saltiel
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jerrold M Olefsky
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Katerina Akassoglou
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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25
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Abstract
UNLABELLED The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) is a multifunctional receptor that participates in many critical processes in the nervous system, ranging from apoptosis to synaptic plasticity and morphological events. It is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily, whose members undergo trimeric oligomerization. Interestingly, p75(NTR) interacts with dimeric ligands (i.e., proneurotrophins or mature neurotrophins), but several of the intracellular adaptors that mediate p75(NTR) signaling are trimeric (i.e., TNFR-associated factor 6 or TRAF6). Consequently, the active receptor signaling unit remains uncertain. To identify the functional receptor complex, we evaluated its oligomerization in vitro and in mice brain tissues using a combination of biochemical techniques. We found that the most abundant homotypic arrangement for p75(NTR) is a trimer and that monomers and trimers coexist at the cell surface. Interestingly, trimers are not required for ligand-independent or ligand-dependent p75(NTR) activation in a growth cone retraction functional assay. However, monomers are capable of inducing acute morphological effects in neurons. We propose that p75(NTR) activation is regulated by its oligomerization status and its levels of expression. These results indicate that the oligomeric state of p75(NTR) confers differential responses and offers an explanation for the diverse and contradictory actions of this receptor in the nervous system. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) regulates a wide range of cellular functions, including apoptosis, neuronal processes remodeling, and synaptic plasticity. The goal of our work was to inquire whether oligomers of the receptor are required for function. Here we report that p75(NTR) predominantly assembles as a trimer, similar to other tumor necrosis factor receptors. Interestingly, monomers and trimers coexist at the cell surface, but trimers are not required for p75(NTR) activation in a functional assay. However, monomers are capable of inducing acute morphological effects in neurons. Identification of the oligomerization state of p75(NTR) begins to provide insights to the mechanisms of signal initiation of this noncatalytic receptor, as well as to develop therapeutic interventions to diminish its activity.
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26
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Gamma-secretase-independent role for cadherin-11 in neurotrophin receptor p75 (p75(NTR)) mediated glioblastoma cell migration. Mol Cell Neurosci 2015; 69:41-53. [PMID: 26476273 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) undergoes γ-secretase-mediated regulated intramembrane proteolysis and is involved in glioblastoma cell migration and invasion. Consistent with previous reports, in this study we show that p75NTR increases U87-MG glioblastoma cell migration, which is reversed by inhibition of γ-secretase activity. However, we show that expression or stabilization of the γ-secretase-generated p75(NTR) intracellular domain (ICD) is not sufficient to induce U87-MG glioblastoma cell migration, and that exogenous expression of p75(NTR) ICD inhibits p75(NTR)-mediated glioblastoma cell (U87-MG and U373-MG) migration. To identify pathways and to determine how p75(NTR) mediates glioblastoma migration we utilized a microarray approach to assess differential gene expression profiles between parental U87-MG and cells stably expressing wild-type p75(NTR), a γ-secretase cleavage-resistant chimeric p75(NTR) mutant (p75FasTM) and the γ-secretase-generated p75(NTR)-ICD, which mimics constitutively cleaved p75(NTR) receptor. In our microarray data analysis we identified a subset of genes that were constitutively up-regulated in wild-type p75(NTR) cells, which were also repressed in p75(NTR) ICD expressing cells. Furthermore, our data revealed among the many differentially expressed genes, cadherin-11 (Cdh-11), matrix metalloproteinase 12 and relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 2 as constitutively up-regulated in wild-type p75(NTR) cells, independent of γ-secretase activity. Consistent with a role in glioblastoma migration, we found that U87-p75(NTR) cells express higher levels of Cdh-11 protein and that siRNA-mediated knockdown of Cdh-11 resulted in a significant decrease in p75(NTR)-mediated glioblastoma cell migration. Therefore, we hypothesize that p75(NTR) can impact U87-MG glioblastoma cell migration in a γ-secretase-independent manner through modulation of specific genes, including Cdh-11, and that both γ-secretase-independent and -dependent mechanisms are involved in p75(NTR)-mediated U87-MG glioblastoma cell migration.
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27
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Niklison-Chirou MV, Killick R, Knight RA, Nicotera P, Melino G, Agostini M. How Does p73 Cause Neuronal Defects? Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:4509-20. [PMID: 26266644 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9381-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The p53-family member, p73, plays a key role in the development of the central nervous system (CNS), in senescence, and in tumor formation. The role of p73 in neuronal differentiation is complex and involves several downstream pathways. Indeed, in the last few years, we have learnt that TAp73 directly or indirectly regulates several genes involved in neural biology. In particular, TAp73 is involved in the maintenance of neural stem/progenitor cell self-renewal and differentiation throughout the regulation of SOX-2, Hey-2, TRIM32 and Notch. In addition, TAp73 is also implicated in the regulation of the differentiation and function of postmitotic neurons by regulating the expression of p75NTR and GLS2 (glutamine metabolism). Further still, the regulation of miR-34a by TAp73 indicates that microRNAs can also participate in this multifunctional role of p73 in adult brain physiology. However, contradictory results still exist in the relationship between p73 and brain disorders, and this remains an important area for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Victoria Niklison-Chirou
- Toxicology Unit, Medical Research Council, Leicester, LE1 9HN, UK
- Blizard Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Richard Killick
- The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Richard A Knight
- Toxicology Unit, Medical Research Council, Leicester, LE1 9HN, UK
| | | | - Gerry Melino
- Toxicology Unit, Medical Research Council, Leicester, LE1 9HN, UK.
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Agostini
- Toxicology Unit, Medical Research Council, Leicester, LE1 9HN, UK.
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy.
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28
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Wang T, Liu Y, Yang N, Ji C, Chan P, Zuo P. Anti-parkinsonian effects of octacosanol in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine-treated mice. Neural Regen Res 2015; 7:1080-7. [PMID: 25722698 PMCID: PMC4340021 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.14.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous research showed that octacosanol exerted its protective effects in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Parkinsonian rats. The goal of this study was to investigate whether octacosanol would attenuate neurotoxicity in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated C57BL/6N mice and its potential mechanism. Behavioral tests, tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry and western blot were used to investigate the effects of octacosanol in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Oral administration of octacosanol (100 mg/kg) significantly improved behavioral impairments in mice treated by MPTP and markedly ameliorated morphological appearances of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neuronal cells in the substantia nigra. Furthermore, octacosanol blocked MPTP-induced phosphorylation of p38MAPK and JNK, but not ERK1/2. These findings implicated that the protective effects afforded by octacosanol might be mediated by blocking the phosphorylation of p38MAPK and JNK on the signal transduction in vivo. Considering its excellent tolerability, octacosanol might be considered as a candidate agent for clinical application in treating Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yanyong Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Chao Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Piu Chan
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Pingping Zuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
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29
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Abed E, Corbo G, Falsini B. Neurotrophin Family Members as Neuroprotectants in Retinal Degenerations. BioDrugs 2014; 29:1-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s40259-014-0110-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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30
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Kraemer BR, Snow JP, Vollbrecht P, Pathak A, Valentine WM, Deutch AY, Carter BD. A role for the p75 neurotrophin receptor in axonal degeneration and apoptosis induced by oxidative stress. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:21205-16. [PMID: 24939843 PMCID: PMC4118083 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.563403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) mediates the death of specific populations of neurons during the development of the nervous system or after cellular injury. The receptor has also been implicated as a contributor to neurodegeneration caused by numerous pathological conditions. Because many of these conditions are associated with increases in reactive oxygen species, we investigated whether p75(NTR) has a role in neurodegeneration in response to oxidative stress. Here we demonstrate that p75(NTR) signaling is activated by 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), a lipid peroxidation product generated naturally during oxidative stress. Exposure of sympathetic neurons to HNE resulted in neurite degeneration and apoptosis. However, these effects were reduced markedly in neurons from p75(NTR-/-) mice. The neurodegenerative effects of HNE were not associated with production of neurotrophins and were unaffected by pretreatment with a receptor-blocking antibody, suggesting that oxidative stress activates p75(NTR) via a ligand-independent mechanism. Previous studies have established that proteolysis of p75(NTR) by the metalloprotease TNFα-converting enzyme and γ-secretase is necessary for p75(NTR)-mediated apoptotic signaling. Exposure of sympathetic neurons to HNE resulted in metalloprotease- and γ-secretase-dependent cleavage of p75(NTR). Pharmacological blockade of p75(NTR) proteolysis protected sympathetic neurons from HNE-induced neurite degeneration and apoptosis, suggesting that cleavage of p75(NTR) is necessary for oxidant-induced neurodegeneration. In vivo, p75(NTR-/-) mice exhibited resistance to axonal degeneration associated with oxidative injury following administration of the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine. Together, these data suggest a novel mechanism linking oxidative stress to ligand-independent cleavage of p75(NTR), resulting in axonal fragmentation and neuronal death.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - William M Valentine
- Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, the Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
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31
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Dedoni S, Olianas MC, Ingianni A, Onali P. Type I interferons up-regulate the expression and signalling of p75 NTR/TrkA receptor complex in differentiated human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Neuropharmacology 2014; 79:321-34. [PMID: 24333329 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Both type I interferons (IFNs) and neurotrophins regulate neuroadaptive responses, but relatively little is known on the interaction between these two classes of regulatory proteins. Here we investigated the effect of IFN-β on the expression and functional activity of the common neurotrophin receptor p75NTR and the nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor TrkA. In differentiated human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells prolonged exposure to IFN-β up-regulated p75NTR and TrkA levels, failed to affect the content of sortilin, a p75NTR co-receptor, and, consistent with our previous finding, down-regulated the brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor TrkB. Quantitative real time RT-PCR indicated that IFN-β increased p75NTR and TrkA mRNA levels. In control and IFN-β treated cells proNGF failed to induce c-Jun N-terminal kinase and nuclear factor/kB activation, two p75NTR/sortilin signalling pathways mediating neuronal death. On the other hand, IFN-β treatment enhanced TrkA autophosphorylation and signalling induced by NGF and proNGF. Knockdown of p75NTR by siRNA reduced TrkA activation by proNGF and a subnanomolar concentration of NGF, whereas co-immunoprecipitation indicated close association of p75NTR and TrkA. Co-treatment with either NGF or proNGF reduced IFN-β pro-apoptotic and anti-neurotrophic effects. Similarly, in primary mouse hippocampal neurons IFN-β increased p75NTR and TrkA expression, down-regulated TrkB and enhanced NGF-induced phosphorylation of the pro-survival protein kinase Akt. The data demonstrate that in neuronal cells IFN-β differentially affects the expression and signalling of neurotrophin receptors and suggest that the up-regulation of the p75NTR/TrkA signalling complex may constitute a novel mechanism by which this cytokine selectively attenuates its pro-apoptotic effect in NGF-responsive cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Dedoni
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Section of Neurosciences and Clinical Pharmacology, and Section of Applied Microbiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria C Olianas
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Section of Neurosciences and Clinical Pharmacology, and Section of Applied Microbiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Angela Ingianni
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Section of Neurosciences and Clinical Pharmacology, and Section of Applied Microbiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Onali
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Section of Neurosciences and Clinical Pharmacology, and Section of Applied Microbiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
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32
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Chen S, Zhu Y, Feng X, Zhang Z, Li S, Shi B. Changes in alpha1-adrenoceptor and NGF/proNGF pathway: a possible mechanism in diabetic urethral dysfunction. Urol Int 2014; 93:344-51. [PMID: 24577043 DOI: 10.1159/000355711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the changes in the α1-adrenoceptor and nerve growth factor (NGF)/NGF precursor (proNGF) pathway in the urethra after diabetes induction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Urethral relaxation function was determined by simultaneous recordings of intravesical pressure under isovolumetric conditions and urethral perfusion pressure (UPP) in diabetic rats. The expression of α1-adrenoceptor, NGF, proNGF, low-affinity p75 receptor for neurotrophins (p75(NTR)) and sortilin in the urethras was measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting. RESULTS In diabetic rats, the lowest urethral pressure (UPP nadir) during urethral relaxation was significantly higher. Intravenous administration of tamsulosin, an α1-adrenoceptor antagonist, significantly decreased the UPP nadir and baseline UPP in diabetic rats. RT-qPCR and Western blotting studies showed a statistically significant increase of α1a- and α1b-adrenoceptor in the urethras from the diabetic group (p < 0.05). The expression of NGF was significantly decreased in the urethras from the diabetic group while the expression of proNGF was significantly increased (p < 0.05). The p75(NTR) level in the urethras of diabetic rats was decreased compared with controls (p < 0.05) and there was no significant difference regarding sortilin between the two groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION This study validated the diabetic urethral dysfunction and furthermore indicated that the increase in the expression of α1-adrenoceptor and changes in the NGF/proNGF pathway may be involved in diabetic urethral dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouzhen Chen
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Forsyth PA, Krishna N, Lawn S, Valadez JG, Qu X, Fenstermacher DA, Fournier M, Potthast L, Chinnaiyan P, Gibney GT, Zeinieh M, Barker PA, Carter BD, Cooper MK, Kenchappa RS. p75 neurotrophin receptor cleavage by α- and γ-secretases is required for neurotrophin-mediated proliferation of brain tumor-initiating cells. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:8067-85. [PMID: 24519935 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.513762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant gliomas are highly invasive, proliferative, and resistant to treatment. Previously, we have shown that p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is a novel mediator of invasion of human glioma cells. However, the role of p75NTR in glioma proliferation is unknown. Here we used brain tumor-initiating cells (BTICs) and show that BTICs express neurotrophin receptors (p75NTR, TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC) and their ligands (NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and neurotrophin 3) and secrete NGF. Down-regulation of p75NTR significantly decreased proliferation of BTICs. Conversely, exogenouous NGF stimulated BTIC proliferation through α- and γ-secretase-mediated p75NTR cleavage and release of its intracellular domain (ICD). In contrast, overexpression of the p75NTR ICD induced proliferation. Interestingly, inhibition of Trk signaling blocked NGF-stimulated BTIC proliferation and p75NTR cleavage, indicating a role of Trk in p75NTR signaling. Further, blocking p75NTR cleavage attenuated Akt activation in BTICs, suggesting role of Akt in p75NTR-mediated proliferation. We also found that p75NTR, α-secretases, and the four subunits of the γ-secretase enzyme were elevated in glioblastoma multiformes patients. Importantly, the ICD of p75NTR was commonly found in malignant glioma patient specimens, suggesting that the receptor is activated and cleaved in patient tumors. These results suggest that p75NTR proteolysis is required for BTIC proliferation and is a novel potential clinical target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Forsyth
- From the Department of Neuro-Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute and
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Kraemer BR, Yoon SO, Carter BD. The biological functions and signaling mechanisms of the p75 neurotrophin receptor. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2014; 220:121-164. [PMID: 24668472 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-45106-5_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) regulates a wide range of cellular functions, including programmed cell death, axonal growth and degeneration, cell proliferation, myelination, and synaptic plasticity. The multiplicity of cellular functions governed by the receptor arises from the variety of ligands and co-receptors which associate with p75(NTR) and regulate its signaling. P75(NTR) promotes survival through interactions with Trk receptors, inhibits axonal regeneration via partnerships with Nogo receptor (Nogo-R) and Lingo-1, and promotes apoptosis through association with Sortilin. Signals downstream of these interactions are further modulated through regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP) of p75(NTR) and by interactions with numerous cytosolic partners. In this chapter, we discuss the intricate signaling mechanisms of p75(NTR), emphasizing how these signals are differentially regulated to mediate these diverse cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Kraemer
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 625 Light Hall, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
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35
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Ceni C, Unsain N, Zeinieh MP, Barker PA. Neurotrophins in the regulation of cellular survival and death. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2014; 220:193-221. [PMID: 24668474 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-45106-5_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The neurotrophins play crucial roles regulating survival and apoptosis in the developing and injured nervous system. The four neurotrophins exert profound and crucial survival effects on developing peripheral neurons, and their expression and action is intimately tied to successful innervation of peripheral targets. In the central nervous system, they are dispensable for neuronal survival during development but support neuronal survival after lesion or other forms of injury. Neurotrophins also regulate apoptosis of both peripheral and central neurons, and we now recognize that there are regulatory advantages to having the same molecules regulate life and death decisions. This chapter examines the biological contexts in which these events take place and highlights the specific ligands, receptors, and signaling mechanisms that allow them to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Ceni
- Centre for Neuronal Survival, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3A 2B4
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36
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Candalija A, Cubí R, Ortega A, Aguilera J, Gil C. Trk receptors need neutral sphingomyelinase activity to promote cell viability. FEBS Lett 2013; 588:167-74. [PMID: 24316227 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neurotrophins are a group of secreted polypeptides, which comprises Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF). Each neurotrophin can bind specifically to a tyrosine kinase Trk receptor (TrkA, TrkB or TrkC), while all of the neurotrophins can bind, with similar affinity, to the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)). Experiments on cell viability promotion by BDNF in granule neurons or by NGF in PC12 cells show that neurotrophin-exerted cell viability is neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMase)-dependent, since GW4869 or siRNA knockdown abrogates the protective effects, as well as neurotrophin-induced Akt phosphorylation. Finally, the assessment of nSMase activity promotion drives to the conclusion that neurotrophins can promote cell viability through Trk receptors in a manner depending on basal nSMase but not through SMase activity enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Candalija
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Roger Cubí
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Arturo Ortega
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav-IPN, México DF, Mexico
| | - José Aguilera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalunya, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain.
| | - Carles Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalunya, Spain.
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Small-molecule modulation of neurotrophin receptors: a strategy for the treatment of neurological disease. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2013; 12:507-25. [PMID: 23977697 DOI: 10.1038/nrd4024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neurotrophins and their receptors modulate multiple signalling pathways to regulate neuronal survival and to maintain axonal and dendritic networks and synaptic plasticity. Neurotrophins have potential for the treatment of neurological diseases. However, their therapeutic application has been limited owing to their poor plasma stability, restricted nervous system penetration and, importantly, the pleiotropic actions that derive from their concomitant binding to multiple receptors. One strategy to overcome these limitations is to target individual neurotrophin receptors — such as tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TRKA), TRKB, TRKC, the p75 neurotrophin receptor or sortilin — with small-molecule ligands. Such small molecules might also modulate various aspects of these signalling pathways in ways that are distinct from the programmes triggered by native neurotrophins. By departing from conventional neurotrophin signalling, these ligands might provide novel therapeutic options for a broad range of neurological indications.
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Negrini S, D'Alessandro R, Meldolesi J. NGF signaling in PC12 cells: the cooperation of p75(NTR) with TrkA is needed for the activation of both mTORC2 and the PI3K signalling cascade. Biol Open 2013; 2:855-66. [PMID: 23951412 PMCID: PMC3744078 DOI: 10.1242/bio.20135116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PC12-27, a PC12 clone characterized by high levels of the transcription repressor REST and by very low mTORC2 activity, had been shown to be unresponsive to NGF, possibly because of its lack of the specific TrkA receptor. The neurotrophin receptor repressed by high REST in PC12-27 cells, however, is shown now to be not TrkA, which is normal, but p75(NTR), whose expression is inhibited at the transcriptional level. When treated with NGF, the PC12-27 cells lacking p75(NTR) exhibited a defective TrkA autophosphorylation restricted, however, to the TrkA(Y490) site, and an impairment of the PI3K signaling cascade. This defect was sustained in part by a mTORC1-dependent feed-back inhibition that in wtPC12 cells appeared marginal. Transfection of p75(NTR) to a level and surface distribution analogous to wtPC12 did not modify various high REST-dependent properties of PC12-27 cells such as high β-catenin, low TSC2 and high proliferation rate. In contrast, the defective PI3K signaling cascade and its associated mTORC2 activity were largely rescued together with the NGF-induced neurite outgrowth response. These changes were not due to p75(NTR) alone but required its cooperation with TrkA. Our results demonstrate that, in PC12, high REST induces alterations of NGF signaling which, however, are indirect, dependent on the repression of p75(NTR); and that the well-known potentiation by p75(NTR) of the TrkA signaling does not concern all the effects induced by NGF but primarily the PI3K cascade and its associated mTORC2, a complex known to play an important role in neural cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Negrini
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute , DIBIT, via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan , Italy ; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University , Division of Neuroscience, via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan , Italy
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Sessler T, Healy S, Samali A, Szegezdi E. Structural determinants of DISC function: new insights into death receptor-mediated apoptosis signalling. Pharmacol Ther 2013; 140:186-99. [PMID: 23845861 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Death receptors are members of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily characterised by an ~80 amino acid long alpha-helical fold, termed the death domain (DD). Death receptors diversified during early vertebrate evolution indicating that the DD fold has plasticity and specificity that can be easily adjusted to attain additional functions. Eight members of the death receptor family have been identified in humans, which can be divided into four structurally homologous groups or clades, namely: the p75(NTR) clade (consisting of ectodysplasin A receptor, death receptor 6 (DR6) and p75 neurotrophin (NTR) receptor); the tumour necrosis factor receptor 1 clade (TNFR1 and DR3), the CD95 clade (CD95/FAS) and the TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor (TRAILR) clade (TRAILR1 and TRAILR2). Receptors in the same clade participate in similar processes indicating that structural diversification enabled functional specialisation. On the surface of nearly all human cells multiple death receptors are expressed, enabling the cell to respond to a plethora of external signals. Activation of different death receptors converges on the activation of three main signal transduction pathways: nuclear factor-κB-mediated differentiation or inflammation, mitogen-associated protein kinase-mediated stress response and caspase-mediated apoptosis. While the ability to induce cell death is true for nearly all DRs, the FAS and TRAILR clades have specialised in inducing cell death. Here we summarise recent discoveries about the molecular regulation and structural requirements of apoptosis induction by death receptors and discuss how this information can be used to better explain the biological functions, similarities and distinguishing features of death receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Sessler
- Apoptosis Research Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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40
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Verbeke S, Tomellini E, Dhamani F, Meignan S, Adriaenssens E, Xuefen LB. Extracellular cleavage of the p75 neurotrophin receptor is implicated in its pro-survival effect in breast cancer cells. FEBS Lett 2013; 587:2591-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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41
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Rafieva LM, Shubin AV, Gasanov EV. [Precursors and propeptides of neurotrophic factors as the modulators of biological activity of its mature forms]. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2013; 38:515-23. [PMID: 23342485 DOI: 10.1134/s1068162012050123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Here, we review the problems of neurotrophic factors' folding, the role of its precursors (proneurotrophins) and the contribution of elements deleted during its maturation (propeptides) in biological functioning of these growth factors.
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Mikami Y, Suzuki S, Ishii Y, Watanabe N, Takahashi T, Isokawa K, Honda MJ. The p75 neurotrophin receptor regulates MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic differentiation. Differentiation 2012; 84:392-9. [PMID: 22906707 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
While the role of p75(NTR) signaling in the regulation of nerve-related cell growth and survival has been well documented, its actions in osteoblasts are poorly understood. In this study, we examined the effects of p75(NTR) on osteoblast proliferation and differentiation using the MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cell line. Proliferation and osteogenic differentiation were significantly enhanced in p75(NTR)-overexpressing MC3T3-E1 cells (p75GFP-E1). In addition, expression of osteoblast-specific osteocalcin (OCN), bone sialoprotein (BSP), and osterix mRNA, ALP activity, and mineralization capacity were dramatically enhanced in p75GFP-E1 cells, compared to wild MC3T3-E1 cells (GFP-E1). To determine the binding partner of p75(NTR) in p75GFP-E1 cells during osteogenic differentiation, we examined the expression of trkA, trkB, and trkC that are known binding partners of p75(NTR), as well as NgR. Pharmacological inhibition of trk tyrosine kinase with the K252a inhibitor resulted in marked reduction in the level of ALPase under osteogenic conditions. The deletion of the GDI binding domain in the p75(NTR)-GFP construct had no effect on mineralization. Taken together, our studies demonstrated that p75(NTR) signaling through the trk tyrosine kinase pathway affects osteoblast functions by targeting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Mikami
- Department of Anatomy, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.
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43
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Zhang C, Helmsing S, Zagrebelsky M, Schirrmann T, Marschall ALJ, Schüngel M, Korte M, Hust M, Dübel S. Suppression of p75 neurotrophin receptor surface expression with intrabodies influences Bcl-xL mRNA expression and neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30684. [PMID: 22292018 PMCID: PMC3265506 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is the first neurotrophin receptor isolated, its diverse physiological functions and signaling have remained elusive for many years. Loss-of-function phenotypic analyses for p75NTR were mainly focused at the genetic level; however these approaches were impacted by off-target effect, insufficient stability, unspecific stress response or alternative active splicing products. In this study, p75NTR surface expression was suppressed for the first time at the protein level by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retained intrabodies. RESULTS Three monoclonal recombinant antibody fragments (scFv) with affinities in the low nanomolar range to murine p75NTR were isolated by antibody phage display. To suppress p75NTR cell surface expression, the encoding genes of these scFvs extended by the ER retention peptide KDEL were transiently transfected into the neuron-like rat pheochromocytoma cell line PC12 and the mouse neuroblastoma x mouse spinal cord hybrid cell line NSC19. The ER retained intrabody construct, SH325-G7-KDEL, mediated a downregulation of p75NTR cell surface expression as shown by flow cytometry. This effect was maintained over a period of at least eight days without activating an unfolded protein response (UPR). Moreover, the ER retention of p75NTR resulted in downregulation of mRNA levels of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL as well as in strong inhibition of NGF-induced neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells. CONCLUSION The ER retained intrabody SH325-G7-KDEL not only induces phenotypic knockdown of this p75NTR but also p75NTR-associated cellular responses in PC12 cells.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antigens, Surface/genetics
- Antigens, Surface/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Down-Regulation/drug effects
- Down-Regulation/genetics
- Endoplasmic Reticulum/drug effects
- Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Mice
- Models, Biological
- Neurites/drug effects
- Neurites/metabolism
- Neurites/physiology
- PC12 Cells
- Protein Transport/drug effects
- Protein Transport/physiology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor/genetics
- Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor/immunology
- Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor/metabolism
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/pharmacology
- bcl-X Protein/genetics
- bcl-X Protein/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Zhang
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Saskia Helmsing
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marta Zagrebelsky
- Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Thomas Schirrmann
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Andrea L. J. Marschall
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Manuela Schüngel
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation, Medical School of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Korte
- Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michael Hust
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stefan Dübel
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Zeng F, Lu JJ, Zhou XF, Wang YJ. Roles of p75NTR in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease: A novel therapeutic target. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 82:1500-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Revised: 06/25/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Zhang YH, Kays J, Hodgdon KE, Sacktor TC, Nicol GD. Nerve growth factor enhances the excitability of rat sensory neurons through activation of the atypical protein kinase C isoform, PKMζ. J Neurophysiol 2011; 107:315-35. [PMID: 21975456 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00030.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous work showed that nerve growth factor (NGF) increased the excitability of small-diameter capsaicin-sensitive sensory neurons by activating the p75 neurotrophin receptor and releasing sphingolipid-derived second messengers. Whole cell patch-clamp recordings were used to establish the signaling pathways whereby NGF augments action potential (AP) firing (i.e., sensitization). Inhibition of MEK1/2 (PD-98059), PLC (U-73122, neomycin), or conventional/novel isoforms of PKC (bisindolylmaleimide I) had no effect on the sensitization produced by NGF. Pretreatment with a membrane-permeable, myristoylated pseudosubstrate inhibitor of atypical PKCs (aPKCs: PKMζ, PKCζ, and PKCλ/ι) blocked the NGF-induced increase in AP firing. Inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) also blocked the sensitization produced by NGF. Isolated sensory neurons were also treated with small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeted to PKCζ. Both Western blots and quantitative real-time PCR established that PKMζ, but neither full-length PKCζ nor PKCλ/ι, was significantly reduced after siRNA exposure. Treatment with these labeled siRNA prevented the NGF-induced enhancement of excitability. Furthermore, consistent with the high degree of catalytic homology for aPKCs, internal perfusion with active recombinant PKCζ or PKCι augmented excitability, recapitulating the sensitization produced by NGF. Internal perfusion with recombinant PKCζ suppressed the total potassium current and enhanced the tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium current. Pretreatment with the myristoylated pseudosubstrate inhibitor blocked the increased excitability produced by ceramide or internal perfusion with recombinant PKCζ. These results demonstrate that NGF leads to the activation of PKMζ that ultimately enhances the capacity of small-diameter capsaicin-sensitive sensory neurons to fire APs through a PI3K-dependent signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Zhang
- Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana Univ. School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Ochodnický P, Cruz CD, Yoshimura N, Michel MC. Nerve growth factor in bladder dysfunction: Contributing factor, biomarker, and therapeutic target. Neurourol Urodyn 2011; 30:1227-41. [DOI: 10.1002/nau.21022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 09/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Gezginci-Oktayoglu S, Bolkent S. 4-Methlycatechol prevents NGF/p75(NTR)-mediated apoptosis via NGF/TrkA system in pancreatic β cells. Neuropeptides 2011; 45:143-50. [PMID: 21295348 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2010] [Revised: 12/27/2010] [Accepted: 01/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, it was aimed to investigate whether 4-methylcatechol (4-MC) could serve as an autocrine antiapoptotic agent by increasing nerve growth factor (NGF) in β cells of hyperglycemic rats. Rats were divided into four groups: the first group was given citrate buffer and saline, the second group was administered 4-MC, the third group received streptozotocin (STZ), and the fourth group was given both 4-MC and STZ. 4-MC (10 μg/kg) was administered by daily intraperitoneal injection for 10 days before the animals were rendered hyperglycemic by administration of STZ (75 mg/kg). With 4-MC pretreatment on hyperglycemic rats the following results were noted: (i) Increase in plasma glucose, β cell apoptosis and caspase-8 activation was prevented. (ii) Reduction of NGF+ and tyrosine receptor kinase A (TrkA)+ β cell number was blocked. (iii) p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR))+ β cell number was increased. These data suggest that 4-MC might exert its antiapoptotic actions through NGF/TrkA system which may block NGF/p75(NTR) activation in pancreatic β cells of hyperglycemic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selda Gezginci-Oktayoglu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134 Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Naska S, Lin DC, Miller FD, Kaplan DR. p75NTR is an obligate signaling receptor required for cues that cause sympathetic neuron growth cone collapse. Mol Cell Neurosci 2010; 45:108-20. [PMID: 20584617 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2010.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2010] [Revised: 05/12/2010] [Accepted: 05/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is required for the activity of growth cone collapsing factors such as Nogo, MAG, OMgP, and ephrin A. Specifically, p75NTR associates with the Nogo receptor and GPI-linked ephrin A, and unliganded p75NTR mediates the biological effects of those proteins. Here we assess the requirement for p75NTR for the growth cone collapsing responses of semaphorins (Sema) 3A and 3F and ephrin B2 in sympathetic neurons. We show that the ability of Sema 3s or ephrin B2 to collapse growth cones is suppressed in p75NTR-/- sympathetic neurons. Ectopic expression of p75NTR restores the collapsing activity of Sema 3 in p75NTR-/- neurons. Moreover, p75NTR must be bound to its neurotrophin ligands to participate in Sema 3-mediated collapse. Ligand-bound p75NTR participates in Sema 3 and ephrin B2-mediated collapse via the Rho signaling pathway, since inhibition of Rho signaling is sufficient to suppress the effects of Sema 3s and ephrin B2 in p75NTR+/+ but not p75NTR-/- neurons. Our data suggest that in addition to its role as a co-receptor, p75NTR may provide an obligate parallel neurotrophin-activated inhibitory pathway that broadly sensitizes neurons to inhibitory cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Naska
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Wang T, Liu YY, Wang X, Yang N, Zhu HB, Zuo PP. Protective effects of octacosanol on 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Parkinsonism in rats via regulation of ProNGF and NGF signaling. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2010; 31:765-74. [PMID: 20581854 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2010.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the protective effects of octacosanol in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Parkinsonian rats and find whether octacosanol has effects on pro nerve growth factor (pro-NGF), NGF and the downstream effector proteins. METHODS Behavioral tests, enzymatic assay, tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry, TUNEL and Western blot were used to investigate the effects of octacosanol in this rat model of PD. RESULTS Oral administration of octacosanol (35-70 mg/kg, po for 14 d) significantly improved the behavioral impairments in rats induced by 6-OHDA and dose-dependently preserved the free radical scavenging capability of the striatum. Octacosanol treatment also effectively ameliorated morphological appearances of TH-positive neuronal cells in nigrostriatal systems and decreased the apoptotic cells induced by 6-OHDA in striatum. In addition, octacosanol strikingly blocked the 6-OHDA-induced increased expression of proNGF-p75NTR-sortilin death signaling complex and its downstream effector proteins. Meantime, octacosanol prevented the decreased levels of NGF, its receptors TrkA and p-Akt which together mediated the cell survival pathway. CONCLUSION The findings implicated that the anti-parkinsonism effects afforded by octacosanol might be mediated by its neuro-microenvironment improving potency through retrieving the ratios of proNGF:NGF and the respective receptors p75NTR:TrkA in vivo. Due to its excellent tolerability and non-toxicity, octacosanol may be a promising agent for PD treatment.
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Kenchappa RS, Tep C, Korade Z, Urra S, Bronfman FC, Yoon SO, Carter BD. p75 neurotrophin receptor-mediated apoptosis in sympathetic neurons involves a biphasic activation of JNK and up-regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-converting enzyme/ADAM17. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:20358-68. [PMID: 20421303 PMCID: PMC2888447 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.082834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2009] [Revised: 04/13/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
During the development of the sympathetic nervous system, the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) has a dual function: promoting survival together with TrkA in response to NGF, but inducing cell death upon binding pro or mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Apoptotic signaling through p75NTR requires activation of the stress kinase, JNK. However, the receptor also undergoes regulated proteolysis, first by a metalloprotease, and then by gamma-secretase, in response to pro-apoptotic ligands and this is necessary for receptor mediated neuronal death (Kenchappa, R. S., Zampieri, N., Chao, M. V., Barker, P. A., Teng, H. K., Hempstead, B. L., and Carter, B. D. (2006) Neuron 50, 219-232). Hence, the relationship between JNK activation and receptor proteolysis remains to be defined. Here, we report that JNK3 activation is necessary for p75NTR cleavage; however, following release of the intracellular domain, there is a secondary activation of JNK3 that is cleavage dependent. Receptor proteolysis and apoptosis were prevented in sympathetic neurons from jnk3(-/-) mice, while activation of JNK by ectopic expression of MEKK1 induced p75NTR cleavage and cell death. Proteolysis of the receptor was not detected until 6 h after BDNF treatment, suggesting that JNK3 promotes cleavage through a transcriptional mechanism. In support of this hypothesis, BDNF up-regulated tumor necrosis factor-alpha-converting enzyme (TACE)/ADAM17 mRNA and protein in wild-type, but not jnk3(-/-) sympathetic neurons. Down-regulation of TACE by RNA interference blocked BDNF-induced p75NTR cleavage and apoptosis, indicating that this metalloprotease is responsible for the initial processing of the receptor. Together, these results demonstrate that p75NTR-mediated activation of JNK3 is required for up-regulation of TACE, which promotes receptor proteolysis, leading to prolonged activation of JNK3 and subsequent apoptosis in sympathetic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajappa S. Kenchappa
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Neuroscience, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Chhavy Tep
- the Center for Molecular Neurobiology and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Zeljka Korade
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Neuroscience, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Soledad Urra
- the Department of Physiology, Neurobiology Unit, Center of Aging and Regeneration, Nucleus Millenium in Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Catolica, Alameda 340, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Francisca C. Bronfman
- the Department of Physiology, Neurobiology Unit, Center of Aging and Regeneration, Nucleus Millenium in Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Catolica, Alameda 340, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Sung Ok Yoon
- the Center for Molecular Neurobiology and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Bruce D. Carter
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Neuroscience, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
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