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Zheng J, Zhang W, Xu R, Liu L. The role of adiponectin and its receptor signaling in ocular inflammation-associated diseases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 717:150041. [PMID: 38710142 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Ocular inflammation-associated diseases are leading causes of global visual impairment, with limited treatment options. Adiponectin, a hormone primarily secreted by adipose tissue, binds to its receptors, which are widely distributed throughout the body, exerting powerful physiological regulatory effects. The protective role of adiponectin in various inflammatory diseases has gained increasing attention in recent years. Previous studies have confirmed the presence of adiponectin and its receptors in the eyes. Furthermore, adiponectin and its analogs have shown potential as novel drugs for the treatment of inflammatory eye diseases. This article summarizes the evidence for the interplay between adiponectin and inflammatory eye diseases and provides new perspectives on the diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities of adiponectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenqiu Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Longqian Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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2
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Naimo GD, Paolì A, Giordano F, Forestiero M, Panno ML, Andò S, Mauro L. Unraveling the Role of Adiponectin Receptors in Obesity-Related Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108907. [PMID: 37240258 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has a noteworthy role in breast tumor initiation and progression. Among the mechanisms proposed, the most validated is the development of chronic low-grade inflammation, supported by immune cell infiltration along with dysfunction in adipose tissue biology, characterized by an imbalance in adipocytokines secretion and alteration of their receptors within the tumor microenvironment. Many of these receptors belong to the seven-transmembrane receptor family, which are involved in physiological features, such as immune responses and metabolism, as well as in the development and progression of several malignancies, including breast cancer. These receptors are classified as canonical (G protein-coupled receptors, GPCRs) and atypical receptors, which fail to interact and activate G proteins. Among the atypical receptors, adiponectin receptors (AdipoRs) mediate the effect of adiponectin, the most abundant adipocytes-derived hormone, on breast cancer cell proliferation, whose serum levels are reduced in obesity. The adiponectin/AdipoRs axis is becoming increasingly important regarding its role in breast tumorigenesis and as a therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment. The objectives of this review are as follows: to point out the structural and functional differences between GPCRs and AdipoRs, and to focus on the effect of AdipoRs activation in the development and progression of obesity-dependent breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Daniela Naimo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Alessandro Paolì
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Francesca Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Martina Forestiero
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Panno
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Andò
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Loredana Mauro
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
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3
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Pei X, Li H, Yu H, Wang W, Mao D. APN Expression in Serum and Corpus Luteum: Regulation of Luteal Steroidogenesis Is Possibly Dependent on the AdipoR2/AMPK Pathway in Goats. Cells 2023; 12:1393. [PMID: 37408227 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin (APN) is an essential adipokine for a variety of reproductive processes. To investigate the role of APN in goat corpora lutea (CLs), CLs and sera from different luteal phases were collected for analysis. The results showed that the APN structure and content had no significant divergence in different luteal phases both in CLs and sera; however, high molecular weight APN was dominant in serum, while low molecular weight APN was more present in CLs. The luteal expression of both AdipoR1/2 and T-cadherin (T-Ca) increased on D11 and 17. APN and its receptors (AdipoR1/2 and T-Ca) were mainly expressed in goat luteal steroidogenic cells. The steroidogenesis and APN structure in pregnant CLs had a similar model as in the mid-cycle CLs. To further explore the effects and mechanisms of APN in CLs, steroidogenic cells from pregnant CLs were isolated to detect the AMPK-mediated pathway by the activation of APN (AdipoRon) and knockdown of APN receptors. The results revealed that P-AMPK in goat luteal cells increased after incubation with APN (1 μg/mL) or AdipoRon (25 μM) for 1 h, and progesterone (P4) and steroidogenic proteins levels (STAR/CYP11A1/HSD3B) decreased after 24 h. APN did not affect the steroidogenic protein expression when cells were pretreated with Compound C or SiAMPK. APN increased P-AMPK and reduced the CYP11A1 expression and P4 levels when cells were pretreated with SiAdipoR1 or SiT-Ca, while APN failed to affect P-AMPK, the CYP11A1 expression or the P4 levels when pretreated with SiAdipoR2. Therefore, the different structural forms of APN in CLs and sera may possess distinct functions; APN might regulate luteal steroidogenesis through AdipoR2 which is most likely dependent on AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Pei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haolin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hao Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dagan Mao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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4
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Kiełbowski K, Bakinowska E, Ostrowski P, Pala B, Gromowska E, Gurazda K, Dec P, Modrzejewski A, Pawlik A. The Role of Adipokines in the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076390. [PMID: 37047363 PMCID: PMC10094354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic and immune-mediated skin condition characterized by pro-inflammatory cytokines and keratinocyte hyperproliferation. Dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, and keratinocytes represent the main cell subtypes involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, while the interleukin-23 (IL-23)/IL-17 pathway enhances the disease progression. Human adipose tissue is an endocrine organ, which secretes multiple proteins, known as adipokines, such as adiponectin, leptin, visfatin, or resistin. Current evidence highlights the immunomodulatory roles of adipokines, which may contribute to the progression or suppression of psoriasis. A better understanding of the complexity of psoriasis pathophysiology linked with adipokines could result in developing novel diagnostic or therapeutic strategies. This review aims to present the pathogenesis of psoriasis and the roles of adipokines in this process.
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Guan F, Ding Y, He Y, Li L, Yang X, Wang C, Hu M. Involvement of adaptor protein, phosphotyrosine interacting with PH domain and leucine zipper 1 in diallyl trisulfide-induced cytotoxicity in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 26:457-468. [PMID: 36302621 PMCID: PMC9614402 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2022.26.6.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that APPL1 (adaptor protein, phosphotyrosine interacting with PH domain and leucine zipper 1) is involved in the regulation of several growth-related signaling pathways and thus closely associated with the development and progression of some cancers. Diallyl trisulfide (DAT), a garlic-derived bioactive compound, exerts selective cytotoxicity to various human cancer cells through interfering with pro-survival signaling pathways. However, whether and how DAT affects survival of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells remain unclear. Herein, we tested the hypothesis of the involvement of APPL1 in DAT-induced cytotoxicity in HCC HepG2 cells. We found that Lys 63 (K63)-linked polyubiquitination of APPL1 was significantly decreased whereas phosphorylation of APPL1 at serine residues remained unchanged in DAT-treated HepG2 cells. Compared with wild-type APPL1, overexpression of APPL1 K63R mutant dramatically increased cell apoptosis and mitigated cell survival, along with a reduction of phosphorylation of STAT3, Akt, and Erk1/2. In addition, DAT administration markedly reduced protein levels of intracellular TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6). Genetic inhibition of TRAF6 decreased K63-linked polyubiquitination of APPL1. Moreover, the cytotoxicity impacts of DAT on HepG2 cells were greatly attenuated by overexpression of wild-type APPL1. Taken together, these results suggest that APPL1 polyubiquitination probably mediates the inhibitory effects of DAT on survival of HepG2 cells by modulating STAT3, Akt, and Erk1/2 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Guan
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Youming Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparascopic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yikang He
- Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, School of Nursing, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Wuhan University Taikang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Wuhan University Taikang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Changhua Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Wuhan University Taikang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan 430071, China,Correspondence Changhua Wang, E-mail:
| | - Mingbai Hu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China,Mingbai Hu, E-mail:
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Metformin Treatment Regulates the Expression of Molecules Involved in Adiponectin and Insulin Signaling Pathways in Endometria from Women with Obesity-Associated Insulin Resistance and PCOS. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073922. [PMID: 35409282 PMCID: PMC8999908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine/metabolic disorder associated with insulin resistance (IR) and obesity. Endometria from women with PCOS present failures in insulin action, glucose uptake and signaling of insulin-sensitizing molecules, such as adiponectin, with consequences for reproduction. Metformin (MTF) treatment improves insulin signaling in endometrial tissues, but its mechanism is not fully understood. This study addresses the MTF effect, as well as adiponectin agonist action, on levels of molecules associated with insulin and adiponectin signaling pathways in endometrial tissue and cells, as assessed by immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry, respectively. Endometrial tissues were obtained from women and divided into five groups: Normal Weight (control); Obesity + IR; Obesity + IR + PCOS; Obesity + IR + MTF; Obesity + IR + PCOS + MTF. Endometrial cells stimulated with TNFα (as obesity-marker) were also used to partially emulate an obesity environment. The results showed low levels of insulin/adiponectin signaling in the endometria from women with obesity, IR and PCOS compared with the control group. MTF re-established these levels, independently of PCOS. TNFα-associated molecules were elevated in pathologic endometria, whereas MTF diminished these levels. The low levels of insulin/adiponectin molecules in endometrial cells treated with TNFα were reverted by MTF, similar to what was observed in the case of the adiponectin agonist. Therefore, independently of PCOS, MTF can re-establish levels of molecules involved in insulin/adiponectin signaling in endometrial cells, suggesting an improvement in insulin action and reproductive failures observed in endometria from women with obesity/PCOS.
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Sowka A, Dobrzyn P. Role of Perivascular Adipose Tissue-Derived Adiponectin in Vascular Homeostasis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061485. [PMID: 34204799 PMCID: PMC8231548 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of adipose tissue biology have demonstrated that adipose tissue should be considered as both passive, energy-storing tissue and an endocrine organ because of the secretion of adipose-specific factors, called adipokines. Adiponectin is a well-described homeostatic adipokine with metabolic properties. It regulates whole-body energy status through the induction of fatty acid oxidation and glucose uptake. Adiponectin also has anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic properties, making it an interesting subject of biomedical studies. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is a fat depot that is conterminous to the vascular wall and acts on it in a paracrine manner through adipokine secretion. PVAT-derived adiponectin can act on the vascular wall through endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. The present review describes adiponectin's structure, receptors, and main signaling pathways. We further discuss recent studies of the extent and nature of crosstalk between PVAT-derived adiponectin and endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and atherosclerotic plaques. Furthermore, we argue whether adiponectin and its receptors may be considered putative therapeutic targets.
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Ryu J, Hadley JT, Li Z, Dong F, Xu H, Xin X, Zhang Y, Chen C, Li S, Guo X, Zhao JL, Leach RJ, Abdul-Ghani MA, DeFronzo RA, Kamat A, Liu F, Dong LQ. Adiponectin Alleviates Diet-Induced Inflammation in the Liver by Suppressing MCP-1 Expression and Macrophage Infiltration. Diabetes 2021; 70:1303-1316. [PMID: 34162682 PMCID: PMC8275886 DOI: 10.2337/db20-1073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Adiponectin is an adipokine that exerts insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory roles in insulin target tissues including liver. While the insulin-sensitizing function of adiponectin has been extensively investigated, the precise mechanism by which adiponectin alleviates diet-induced hepatic inflammation remains elusive. Here, we report that hepatocyte-specific knockout (KO) of the adaptor protein APPL2 enhanced adiponectin sensitivity and prevented mice from developing high-fat diet-induced inflammation, insulin resistance, and glucose intolerance, although it caused fatty liver. The improved anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects in the APPL2 hepatocyte-specific KO mice were largely reversed by knocking out adiponectin. Mechanistically, hepatocyte APPL2 deficiency enhances adiponectin signaling in the liver, which blocks TNF-α-stimulated MCP-1 expression via inhibiting the mTORC1 signaling pathway, leading to reduced macrophage infiltration and thus reduced inflammation in the liver. With results taken together, our study uncovers a mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory role of adiponectin in the liver and reveals the hepatic APPL2-mTORC1-MCP-1 axis as a potential target for treating overnutrition-induced inflammation in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoon Ryu
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Jason T Hadley
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Feng Dong
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Huan Xu
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Xiaoban Xin
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Cang Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Senlin Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Xiaoning Guo
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Jared L Zhao
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Robin J Leach
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Muhammad A Abdul-Ghani
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Ralph A DeFronzo
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Amrita Kamat
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Lily Q Dong
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
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Wang Z, Chen Z, Fang F, Qiu W. The role of adiponectin in periodontitis: Current state and future prospects. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111358. [PMID: 33561644 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin (APN), which is an adipokine primarily secreted by adipose tissue into the peripheral blood, exerts anti-inflammatory and metabolic regulatory functions in many systemic inflammatory diseases. Periodontitis is a localized inflammatory disease and is also the sixth-leading complication of diabetes. Uncontrolled periodontal inflammation gradually destructs the periodontal supporting apparatus and leads to the consequent loss of teeth. Recently, emerging evidence has revealed an association between APN and periodontitis. Herein, we summarize the basic information of APN and its receptor agonists. We also overview current studies considering the role of APN in periodontitis and discuss the potential mechanisms in terms of inflammation and bone metabolism. At last, we outline the correlation between APN and systemic diseases related periodontitis. Above all, APN and its agonists are promising candidates for the treatment of periodontitis, while the underlying mechanisms and clinical translational application require further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaodan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Zehao Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Fuchun Fang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
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Guo Q, Chang B, Yu QL, Xu ST, Yi XJ, Cao SC. Adiponectin treatment improves insulin resistance in mice by regulating the expression of the mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c and its response to exercise via APPL1-SIRT1-PGC-1α. Diabetologia 2020; 63:2675-2688. [PMID: 32880686 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05269-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Adiponectin stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), a major regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. MOTS-c (mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA) is a biologically active mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded by mitochondrial DNA. It influences the mechanisms of obesity and diabetes. We hypothesised that the adiponectin pathway may regulate the production and/or secretion of MOTS-c in skeletal muscle. We aimed to determine whether exercise and adiponectin affect MOTS-c to improve insulin resistance in mice. METHODS To investigate this hypothesis, we used wild-type C57BL/6 mice subjected to high-fat diet, an exercise regimen, and i.p. injection of recombinant mouse adiponectin (Acrp30) or MOTS-c, and adiponectin knockout (Adipoq-/-) mice (C57BL/6 background) subjected to i.p. injection of Acrp30. C2C12 myotubes were also treated with sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) inhibitor, PGC-1α inhibitor, SIRT1 activator, plasmid-expressed active APPL1 (adaptor protein, phosphotyrosine interacting with PH domain and leucine zipper), pcDNA-SIRT1, or siRNA against APPL1, SIRT1 or PGC-1α. RESULTS In Adipoq-/- mice, MOTS-c levels in the plasma and skeletal muscle were downregulated. In C2C12 myotubes, adiponectin increased the mRNA expression of MOTS-c. APPL1 protein level following adiponectin treatment positively correlated with MOTS-c protein and mRNA levels in C2C12 myotubes. SIRT1 overexpression increased the adiponectin-induced mRNA and protein expression of MOTS-c, SIRT1 and PGC-1α. Pharmacologic and genetic inhibition of PGC-1α suppressed the increases in MOTS-c mRNA and protein levels induced by SIRT1 overexpression. In mice, plasma and skeletal muscle MOTS-c levels were significantly downregulated following high-fat-diet. Exercise and i.p. Acrp30 or MOTS-c increased MOTS-c levels and adiponectin mRNA and protein expression in the plasma and skeletal muscle. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our findings showed that the APPL1-SIRT1-PGC-1α pathway regulates the production and/or secretion of skeletal muscle MOTS-c by mediating adiponectin signalling. Our study provides an insight into the cellular and molecular pathways underlying the pathogenesis of diabetes and shows that MOTS-c is a potential novel therapeutic target in the treatment of diabetes. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Guo
- Department of Sports Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Chang
- Exercise and Health Research Center/Department of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiong-Li Yu
- Department of Sports Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Si-Tong Xu
- Exercise and Health Research Center/Department of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xue-Jie Yi
- Exercise and Health Research Center/Department of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Shi-Cheng Cao
- Department of Sports Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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11
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Chen Y, Zhang W, Chen B, Liu Y, Dong Y, Xu A, Hao Q. Crystal Structure of Human APPL BAR-PH Heterodimer Reveals a Flexible Dimeric BAR curve: Implication in Mutual Regulation of Endosomal Targeting. Biochem J 2020; 477:BCJ20200438. [PMID: 33258922 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The APPL (adaptor proteins containing pleckstrin homology domain, phosphotyrosine binding domain and a leucine zipper motif) family consists of two isoforms, APPL1 and APPL2. By binding to curved plasma membrane, these adaptor proteins associate with multiple transmembrane receptors and recruit various downstream signaling components. They are involved in the regulation of signaling pathways evoked by a variety of extracellular stimuli, such as adiponectin, insulin, FSH (follicle stimulating hormone), EGF (epidermal growth factor). And they play important roles in cell proliferation, apoptosis, glucose uptake, insulin secretion and sensitivity. However, emerging evidence suggests that APPL1 and APPL2 perform different or even opposite functions and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. As APPL proteins can either homodimerize or heterodimerize in vivo, we hypothesized that heterodimerization of APPL proteins might account for the mechanism. By solving the crystal structure of APPL1-APPL2 BAR-PH heterodimer, we find that the overall structure is crescent-shaped with a longer curvature radius of 76 Å, compared to 55 Å of the APPL1 BAR-PH homodimer. However, there is no significant difference of the curvature between APPL BAR-PH heterodimer and APPL2 homodimer. The data suggest that the APPL1 BAR-PH homodimer, APPL2 BAR-PH homodimer and APPL1/APPL2 BAR-PH heterodimer may bind to endosomes of different sizes. Different positive charge distribution is observed on the concave surface of APPL BAR-PH heterodimer than the homodimers, which may change the affinity of membrane association and subcellular localization. Collectively, APPL2 may regulate APPL1 function through altering the preference of endosome binding by heterodimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Chen
- University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bin Chen
- University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhui Dong
- Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS, Beijing, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Quan Hao
- University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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12
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The adaptor protein APPL2 controls glucose-stimulated insulin secretion via F-actin remodeling in pancreatic β-cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:28307-28315. [PMID: 33122440 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2016997117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Filamentous actin (F-actin) cytoskeletal remodeling is critical for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in pancreatic β-cells, and its dysregulation causes type 2 diabetes. The adaptor protein APPL1 promotes first-phase GSIS by up-regulating soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) protein expression. However, whether APPL2 (a close homology of APPL1 with the same domain organization) plays a role in β-cell functions is unknown. Here, we show that APPL2 enhances GSIS by promoting F-actin remodeling via the small GTPase Rac1 in pancreatic β-cells. β-cell specific abrogation of APPL2 impaired GSIS, leading to glucose intolerance in mice. APPL2 deficiency largely abolished glucose-induced first- and second-phase insulin secretion in pancreatic islets. Real-time live-cell imaging and phalloidin staining revealed that APPL2 deficiency abolished glucose-induced F-actin depolymerization in pancreatic islets. Likewise, knockdown of APPL2 expression impaired glucose-stimulated F-actin depolymerization and subsequent insulin secretion in INS-1E cells, which were attributable to the impairment of Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) activation. Treatment with the F-actin depolymerization chemical compounds or overexpression of gelsolin (a F-actin remodeling protein) rescued APPL2 deficiency-induced defective GSIS. In addition, APPL2 interacted with Rac GTPase activating protein 1 (RacGAP1) in a glucose-dependent manner via the bin/amphiphysin/rvs-pleckstrin homology (BAR-PH) domain of APPL2 in INS-1E cells and HEK293 cells. Concomitant knockdown of RacGAP1 expression reverted APPL2 deficiency-induced defective GSIS, F-actin remodeling, and Rac1 activation in INS-1E cells. Our data indicate that APPL2 interacts with RacGAP1 and suppresses its negative action on Rac1 activity and F-actin depolymerization thereby enhancing GSIS in pancreatic β-cells.
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The Role of Atypical Cannabinoid Ligands O-1602 and O-1918 on Skeletal Muscle Homeostasis with a Focus on Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165922. [PMID: 32824681 PMCID: PMC7460607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
O-1602 and O-1918 are atypical cannabinoid ligands for GPR55 and GPR18, which may be novel pharmaceuticals for the treatment of obesity by targeting energy homeostasis regulation in skeletal muscle. This study aimed to determine the effect of O-1602 or O-1918 on markers of oxidative capacity and fatty acid metabolism in the skeletal muscle. Diet-induced obese (DIO) male Sprague Dawley rats were administered a daily intraperitoneal injection of O-1602, O-1918 or vehicle for 6 weeks. C2C12 myotubes were treated with O-1602 or O-1918 and human primary myotubes were treated with O-1918. GPR18 mRNA was expressed in the skeletal muscle of DIO rats and was up-regulated in red gastrocnemius when compared with white gastrocnemius. O-1602 had no effect on mRNA expression on selected markers for oxidative capacity, fatty acid metabolism or adiponectin signalling in gastrocnemius from DIO rats or in C2C12 myotubes, while APPL2 mRNA was up-regulated in white gastrocnemius in DIO rats treated with O-1918. In C2C12 myotubes treated with O-1918, PGC1α, NFATc1 and PDK4 mRNA were up-regulated. There were no effects of O-1918 on mRNA expression in human primary myotubes derived from obese and obese T2DM individuals. In conclusion, O-1602 does not alter mRNA expression of key pathways important for skeletal muscle energy homeostasis in obesity. In contrast, O-1918 appears to alter markers of oxidative capacity and fatty acid metabolism in C2C12 myotubes only. GPR18 is expressed in DIO rat skeletal muscle and future work could focus on selectively modulating GPR18 in a tissue-specific manner, which may be beneficial for obesity-targeted therapies.
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Cersosimo E, Xu X, Terasawa T, Dong LQ. Anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative action of adiponectin mediated by insulin signaling cascade in human vascular smooth muscle cells. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:6561-6572. [PMID: 32789574 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05707-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
After confirmation of the presence of adiponectin (ADPN) receptors and intra-cellular binding proteins in coronary artery smooth muscle cells (VSMC), we tested the hypotheses that, in acute insulin resistance: (i) the activation/inactivation of metabolic and mitogenic insulin signaling pathways are inversely affected by ADPN and, (ii) changes in VSMC migration/proliferation rates correlate with signal activity/inactivity. In primary cultures of VSMC exposed to high glucose and palmitate plus insulin, the expression of PI-3 kinase (Akt and m-TOR), MAP-Kinase (Erk and p-38) molecules, and inflammatory markers (TLR-4 and IkB-α) were assessed with Western blot, in the absence/presence of AdipoRon (AR). Migration and proliferation rates were measured in similar experimental conditions. There were decreases of ~ 25% (p-Akt) and 40-60% (p-mTOR) expressions with high glucose/palmitate, which reversed when AR was added were. Elevations in p-Erk and p-p38 expressions were obliterated by AR. Although, no changes were detected with high glucose and palmitate, when AR was added, a decline in inflammatory activity was substantiated by a ~ 50% decrease in TLR-4 and 40-60% increase in IkBα expression. Functional assays showed 10-20% rise in VSMC proliferation with high glucose and palmitate, but addition of AR lead to 15-25% decline. The degree of VSMC migration was reduced with AR addition by ~ 15%, ~ 35% and 55%, in VSMC exposed to 5 mM, 25 mM glucose and 25 mM + 200 µM palmitate, respectively. Changes in intracellular molecular messaging in experiments mimicking acute insulin resistance suggest that anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic actions of ADPN in VSMC are mediated via insulin signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Cersosimo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes and the Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive MS 7886, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA.
| | - Xiaojing Xu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes and the Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive MS 7886, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA
| | - Tomoko Terasawa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes and the Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive MS 7886, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA
| | - Lily Q Dong
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Zhang D, Liu H, Zhang Y, Li J, Fu Y, Zheng Y, Wu J, Ma M, Wen Z, Wang C. Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) modulates adiponectin signaling by stabilizing adiponectin receptor. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:60. [PMID: 32272950 PMCID: PMC7147001 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00546-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin, an adipokine produced and secreted by adipocytes, is involved in regulating the development and progression of insulin resistance, diabetes, and diabetic complications. Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) is a molecular chaperone, most commonly presenting in mitochondria and participating in the maintenance of protein homeostasis. Accumulating studies have demonstrated that the elevated circulating HSP60 and the decreased intracellular HSP60 are closely associated with diabetic complications such as diabetic cardiomyopathy. However, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. In the present study, we reported that HSP60 interacted directly with adiponectin receptors. Its abundance was positively associated with adiponectin action. Furthermore, HSP60 depletion markedly mitigated the protective impacts of adiponectin on high glucose-induced oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in rat cardiac H9c2 cells. In addition, HSP60 knockdown significantly enhanced proteasome activity leading to the degradation of adiponectin receptor 1. Taken together, we showed for the first time that HSP60 interacted with adiponectin receptors and mediated adiponectin signaling through stabilizing adiponectin receptor. This in vitro study also provides an alternative explanation for mechanism by which adiponectin exerts its action. Video abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Deling Zhang
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, 222061, China
| | - Yemin Zhang
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Junfeng Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yalin Fu
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yuyang Zheng
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Mingke Ma
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhongyuan Wen
- Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Changhua Wang
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China. .,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Sun LN, Liu XL. Functions of adiponectin signaling in regulating neural plasticity and its application as the therapeutic target to neurological and psychiatric diseases. Rev Neurosci 2020; 30:485-495. [PMID: 30864396 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2018-0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Convergent lines of evidence indicate the critical roles of adiponectin in regulating neural functions on different levels. Because of the importance in maintaining neural plasticity including adult neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity, adiponectin has the potential to serve as the treatment targets in therapies of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Hence, systematic review is needed to summarize how adiponectin works in the brain, and how the adiponectin pathway is employed as the treatment method needs to be determined. Moreover, the benefits of adiponectin as the regulator for neural plasticity such as synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis have been supported by many literatures. In the current article, we reviewed the functions of adiponectin in different types of neural plasticity. We also demonstrated the potential value of adiponectin as the treatment target for different types of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Taken together, this review offers a new insight about adiponectin as the ideal target to develop the new treatment methods against neurodegeneration or psychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Sun
- School of PE and Sport, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiao-Li Liu
- School of PE and Sport, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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Choi SK, Kwon Y, Byeon S, Haam CE, Lee YH. AdipoRon, adiponectin receptor agonist, improves vascular function in the mesenteric arteries of type 2 diabetic mice. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230227. [PMID: 32182257 PMCID: PMC7077821 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An orally active synthetic adiponectin receptor agonist, AdipoRon has been suggested to ameliorate insulin resistance, and glucose tolerance. However, the chronic effect of AdipoRon in the vascular dysfunction in type 2 diabetes has not been studied yet. Thus, in this study, we examined whether AdipoRon improves vascular function in type 2 diabetes. METHODS Type 2 diabetic (db-/db-) mice were treated with AdipoRon (10 mg/kg/everyday, by oral gavage) for 2 weeks. Body weight and blood glucose levels were recorded every other day during the experimental period. Diameter of mesenteric arteries was measured. And western blot analysis was performed with mesenteric arteries. RESULTS Pressure-induced myogenic response was significantly increased while endothelium-dependent relaxation was reduced in the mesenteric arteries of db-/db- mice. Treatment of AdipoRon normalized potentiated myogenic response, whereas endothelium-dependent relaxation was not affected by treatment of AdipoRon. The expression levels of AdiR1, AdiR2, APPL1, and APPL 2 were increased in the mesenteric arteries of db-/db- mice and treatment of AdipoRon did not affect them. Interestingly, AdipoRon treatment increased the phospho-AMPK and decreased MYPT1 phosphorylation in db-/db- mice while there was no change in the level of eNOS phosphorylation. CONCLUSION The treatment of AdipoRon improves vascular function in the mesenteric arteries of db-/db- mice through endothelium-independent mechanism. We suggest that MLCP activation through reduced phosphorylation of MYPT1 might be the dominant mechanism in the AdipoRon-induced vascular effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Kyoung Choi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngin Kwon
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seonhee Byeon
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chae Eun Haam
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Ho Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Choi HM, Doss HM, Kim KS. Multifaceted Physiological Roles of Adiponectin in Inflammation and Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041219. [PMID: 32059381 PMCID: PMC7072842 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is the richest adipokine in human plasma, and it is mainly secreted from white adipose tissue. Adiponectin circulates in blood as high-molecular, middle-molecular, and low-molecular weight isoforms. Numerous studies have demonstrated its insulin-sensitizing, anti-atherogenic, and anti-inflammatory effects. Additionally, decreased serum levels of adiponectin is associated with chronic inflammation of metabolic disorders including Type 2 diabetes, obesity, and atherosclerosis. However, recent studies showed that adiponectin could have pro-inflammatory roles in patients with autoimmune diseases. In particular, its high serum level was positively associated with inflammation severity and pathological progression in rheumatoid arthritis, chronic kidney disease, and inflammatory bowel disease. Thus, adiponectin seems to have both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects. This indirectly indicates that adiponectin has different physiological roles according to an isoform and effector tissue. Knowledge on the specific functions of isoforms would help develop potential anti-inflammatory therapeutics to target specific adiponectin isoforms against metabolic disorders and autoimmune diseases. This review summarizes the current roles of adiponectin in metabolic disorders and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Muk Choi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul 02447, Korea; (H.M.C.); (H.M.D.)
| | - Hari Madhuri Doss
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul 02447, Korea; (H.M.C.); (H.M.D.)
- East-West Bone & Joint Disease Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Gandong-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Kyoung Soo Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul 02447, Korea; (H.M.C.); (H.M.D.)
- East-West Bone & Joint Disease Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Gandong-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-961-9619
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Soumya D, Swetha D, Momin S, Gowtham RR, Dakshinamurthy E, Bharathi T, Sai Gopal DVR. Role of Adiponectin in Cervical Cancer. Curr Drug Metab 2020; 20:1033-1038. [PMID: 31902354 DOI: 10.2174/1389200221666200103113330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical Cancer (CC) is the most common leading cancer in women globally. This is considered to be the type of cancer that is restricted to women. Any women in the reproductive age range can develop CC. However, women between the ages of 25 and 39 are at a higher risk. OBJECTIVE In comparison with developed countries, the screening and awareness of CC in developing countries are significantly low. Infection with Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of CC, especially HPV-16 and HPV-18. Other than HPV, there are other factors that can contribute to CC, such as Human simplex virus (HSV) infection and immunocompromised patients with HIV. CONCLUSION Cervical cancer can be detected by molecular techniques such as (1) PCR, (2) visual acetic acid method, (3) DNA Hybrid II test, (4) liquid-based cytology, (5) Pap-Smear techniques, and (6) colposcopy techniques. Early detection of CC is very much needed; cryotherapy or LEEP (Loop electro surgical excision procedure) can be conducted during the pre-invasive stage of CC. Some metabolic changes in the human body such as fluctuating levels of insulin and triglycerides and increased activity of adiponectin may lead to CC. These contributing factors, such as adipokines, can be used as biomarkers for CC detection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dakshinamurthy Swetha
- Department of Pharmacology, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, AP-517561, India
| | - Saimila Momin
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA-30322, United States
| | - Racherla Rishi Gowtham
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, AP-517507, India
| | | | - Talisetty Bharathi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Govt. Maternity Hospital, Tirupati, AP-517507, India
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LIN YY, DONG LQ. APPL1 negatively regulates bone mass, possibly by controlling the fate of bone marrow mesenchymal progenitor cells. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2020; 96:364-371. [PMID: 33041270 PMCID: PMC7581959 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.96.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Adiponectin is an adipokine that can exert a regulatory function on bone metabolism. However, there are many contradictions between clinical and pre-clinical studies on adiponectin. APPL1 is an adaptor protein that can interact with adiponectin receptors. In the current study, we found that knockout of the Appl1 gene in male mice was associated with higher bone volume and numbers of trabeculae than in females or controls. The trabecular thickness, cortical thickness, ratio of bone volume/trabecular volume, cross-sectional bone area, and mean polar moment of inertia increased in Appl1 KO mice compared with wild-type mice. The number of osteoblasts increased but the number of adipocytes decreased in Appl1 KO mice. Knockdown of Appl1 impaired adipogenesis in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Mineralization was increased by knockdown of Appl1 during osteoblast differentiation. Data from differentiation-related genes showed results consistent with the in vivo effects. In summary, this study provides further clarification of the effect of the adiponectin signaling pathway on bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yu LIN
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lily Q. DONG
- Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, The University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, U.S.A.
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Vyas V, Guerra DD, Bok R, Powell T, Jansson T, Hurt KJ. Adiponectin links maternal metabolism to uterine contractility. FASEB J 2019; 33:14588-14601. [PMID: 31665924 PMCID: PMC6894045 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901646r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Adiponectin is secreted by adipose tissue and promotes insulin sensitivity. Low circulating adiponectin is associated with increased risk for preterm labor, but the influence of adiponectin on uterine myometrial physiology is unknown. We hypothesized that adiponectin receptors (AdipoRs) decrease myometrial contractility via AMPK to promote uterine quiescence in pregnancy. Using quantitative RT-PCR, we found that nonpregnant or pregnant human and mouse myometrium express AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 mRNAs. We confirmed AdipoR2 protein expression in human and mouse myometrium, with increased abundance in late mouse pregnancy. Both recombinant adiponectin and a pharmacologic AdipoR agonist, AdipoRon, potently inhibited uterine myometrial strip contractions in physiologic organ bath. The relaxation was independent of contractile stimulus (oxytocin, KCl, U46619). AdipoR agonists increased AMPK phosphorylation in pregnant mouse myometrium, and the direct AMPK activator A769662 also relaxed myometrial strips. However, the AMPK inhibitor dorsomorphin (compound C) blocked AMPK phosphorylation but did not abolish relaxation with either AdipoRon or A769662. In summary, adiponectin inhibits myometrial contractility consistent with the possibility that it is a previously unrecognized link between maternal metabolism and pregnancy maintenance. We also identify a separate role for AMPK regulating myometrial contractions that may influence labor onset.-Vyas, V., Guerra, D. D., Bok, R., Powell, T., Jansson, T., Hurt, K. J. Adiponectin links maternal metabolism to uterine contractility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibhuti Vyas
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Damian D. Guerra
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Rachael Bok
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Theresa Powell
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; and
| | - Thomas Jansson
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - K. Joseph Hurt
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Maeda N, Funahashi T, Matsuzawa Y, Shimomura I. Adiponectin, a unique adipocyte-derived factor beyond hormones. Atherosclerosis 2019; 292:1-9. [PMID: 31731079 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Visceral fat accumulation has a marked impact on atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome clustering diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived circulating protein, is a representative adipocytokine and uniquely possesses two major properties: 1) its circulating concentration is approximately 3-6 orders of magnitude greater than ordinary hormones and cytokines; 2) its concentration inversely correlates with body fat mass despite its adipocyte-specific production. Low serum levels of adiponectin correlate with cardiometabolic diseases. Extensive experimental evidence has demonstrated that adiponectin possesses multiple properties, such as anti-atherosclerotic, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities. It has been shown to play a central role against the development of metabolic syndrome and its complications. However, even approximately 25 years after its discovery, the properties of adiponectin, including how and why it exerts multiple beneficial effects on various tissues and/or organs, remain unclear. Furthermore, the mechanisms responsible for the very high circulating concentrations of adiponectin in the bloodstream have not been elucidated. Several adiponectin-binding partners, such as AdipoR1/2, have been identified, but do not fully explain the multi-functional and beneficial properties of adiponectin. Recent advances in adiponectin research may resolve these issues. Adiponectin binds to and covers cell surfaces with T-cadherin, a unique glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored cadherin. The adiponectin/T-cadherin complex enhances exosomal production and release, excreting cell-toxic products from cells, particularly in the vasculature. In this review, we discuss adiponectin and the role of the adiponectin/T-cadherin system in the maintenance of whole body homeostasis and cardiovascular protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norikazu Maeda
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Department of Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Tohru Funahashi
- Division of Osaka Health Support Center, Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation, 6-5, Kitahama 4-chome, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Osaka, 541-0041, Japan
| | - Yuji Matsuzawa
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sumitomo Hospital, 5-3-20, Nakanoshima, Kita-ku, Osaka, Osaka, 530-0005, Japan
| | - Iichiro Shimomura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Xu W, Long L, Zhao Y, Stevens L, Felipe I, Munoz J, Ellis RE, McGrath PT. Evolution of Yin and Yang isoforms of a chromatin remodeling subunit precedes the creation of two genes. eLife 2019; 8:e48119. [PMID: 31498079 PMCID: PMC6752949 DOI: 10.7554/elife.48119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genes can encode multiple isoforms, broadening their functions and providing a molecular substrate to evolve phenotypic diversity. Evolution of isoform function is a potential route to adapt to new environments. Here we show that de novo, beneficial alleles in the nurf-1 gene became fixed in two laboratory lineages of C. elegans after isolation from the wild in 1951, before methods of cryopreservation were developed. nurf-1 encodes an ortholog of BPTF, a large (>300 kD) multidomain subunit of the NURF chromatin remodeling complex. Using CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing and transgenic rescue, we demonstrate that in C. elegans, nurf-1 has split into two, largely non-overlapping isoforms (NURF-1.D and NURF-1.B, which we call Yin and Yang, respectively) that share only two of 26 exons. Both isoforms are essential for normal gametogenesis but have opposite effects on male/female gamete differentiation. Reproduction in hermaphrodites, which involves production of both sperm and oocytes, requires a balance of these opposing Yin and Yang isoforms. Transgenic rescue and genetic position of the fixed mutations suggest that different isoforms are modified in each laboratory strain. In a related clade of Caenorhabditis nematodes, the shared exons have duplicated, resulting in the split of the Yin and Yang isoforms into separate genes, each containing approximately 200 amino acids of duplicated sequence that has undergone accelerated protein evolution following the duplication. Associated with this duplication event is the loss of two additional nurf-1 transcripts, including the long-form transcript and a newly identified, highly expressed transcript encoded by the duplicated exons. We propose these lost transcripts are non-functional side products necessary to transcribe the Yin and Yang transcripts in the same cells. Our work demonstrates how gene sharing, through the production of multiple isoforms, can precede the creation of new, independent genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xu
- School of Biological SciencesGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaUnited States
| | - Lijiang Long
- School of Biological SciencesGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaUnited States
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Quantitative BiosciencesGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaUnited States
| | - Yuehui Zhao
- School of Biological SciencesGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaUnited States
| | - Lewis Stevens
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Ashworth Laboratories, School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Irene Felipe
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Center-CNIOMadridSpain
| | - Javier Munoz
- Proteomics Unit-ProteoRed-ISCIIISpanish National Cancer Research Center-CNIOMadridSpain
| | - Ronald E Ellis
- Department of Molecular BiologyRowan University School of Osteopathic MedicineStratfordUnited States
| | - Patrick T McGrath
- School of Biological SciencesGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaUnited States
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and BioscienceGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaUnited States
- School of PhysicsGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaUnited States
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24
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Gaspar RC, Muñoz VR, Kuga GK, Nakandakari SCBR, Crisol BM, Lenhare L, Breda L, Botezelli JD, Sant'Ana MR, Silva ASR, Cintra DE, Moura LP, Ropelle ER, Pauli JR. Acute physical exercise increases
APPL
1/
PI
3K signaling in the hypothalamus of lean mice. Eur J Neurosci 2019; 50:3181-3190. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Calais Gaspar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx) University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Limeira Brazil
| | - Vitor Rosetto Muñoz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx) University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Limeira Brazil
| | - Gabriel Keine Kuga
- Post‐graduate Program in Movement Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP) Rio Claro Brazil
| | | | - Barbara Moreira Crisol
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx) University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Limeira Brazil
| | - Luciene Lenhare
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx) University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Limeira Brazil
| | - Leonardo Breda
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx) University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Limeira Brazil
| | - José Diego Botezelli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx) University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Limeira Brazil
| | | | - Adelino S. R. Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance Ribeirão Preto Medical School, and Postgraduate Program in Physical Education and Sport School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto University of São Paulo (USP) Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - Dennys Esper Cintra
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics (LabGeN) University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Limeira Brazil
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC) University of Campinas Campinas Brazil
| | - Leandro Pereira Moura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx) University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Limeira Brazil
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC) University of Campinas Campinas Brazil
- School of Applied Sciences CEPECE – Center of Research in Sport Sciences University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Limeira Brazil
| | - Eduardo Rochete Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx) University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Limeira Brazil
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC) University of Campinas Campinas Brazil
- School of Applied Sciences CEPECE – Center of Research in Sport Sciences University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Limeira Brazil
| | - José Rodrigo Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx) University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Limeira Brazil
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC) University of Campinas Campinas Brazil
- School of Applied Sciences CEPECE – Center of Research in Sport Sciences University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Limeira Brazil
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25
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Barbe A, Bongrani A, Mellouk N, Estienne A, Kurowska P, Grandhaye J, Elfassy Y, Levy R, Rak A, Froment P, Dupont J. Mechanisms of Adiponectin Action in Fertility: An Overview from Gametogenesis to Gestation in Humans and Animal Models in Normal and Pathological Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071526. [PMID: 30934676 PMCID: PMC6479753 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is the most abundant plasma adipokine. It mainly derives from white adipose tissue and plays a key role in the control of energy metabolism thanks to its insulin-sensitising, anti-inflammatory, and antiatherogenic properties. In vitro and in vivo evidence shows that adiponectin could also be one of the hormones controlling the interaction between energy balance and fertility in several species, including humans. Indeed, its two receptors—AdipoR1 and AdipoR2—are expressed in hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis and their activation regulates Kiss, GnRH and gonadotropin expression and/or secretion. In male gonads, adiponectin modulates several functions of both somatic and germ cells, such as steroidogenesis, proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. In females, it controls steroidogenesis of ovarian granulosa and theca cells, oocyte maturation, and embryo development. Adiponectin receptors were also found in placental and endometrial cells, suggesting that this adipokine might play a crucial role in embryo implantation, trophoblast invasion and foetal growth. The aim of this review is to characterise adiponectin expression and its mechanism of action in male and female reproductive tract. Further, since features of metabolic syndrome are associated with some reproductive diseases, such as polycystic ovary syndrome, gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, endometriosis, foetal growth restriction and ovarian and endometrial cancers, evidence regarding the emerging role of adiponectin in these disorders is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alix Barbe
- INRA UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France.
| | - Alice Bongrani
- INRA UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France.
| | - Namya Mellouk
- INRA UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France.
| | - Anthony Estienne
- INRA UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France.
| | - Patrycja Kurowska
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Jérémy Grandhaye
- INRA UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France.
| | - Yaelle Elfassy
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Tenon, Service de Biologie de la Reproduction, F-75020 Paris, France.
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, F-75005 Paris, France.
- INSERM UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, F-75571 Paris, France.
| | - Rachel Levy
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Tenon, Service de Biologie de la Reproduction, F-75020 Paris, France.
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, F-75005 Paris, France.
- INSERM UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, F-75571 Paris, France.
| | - Agnieszka Rak
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
| | - Pascal Froment
- INRA UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France.
| | - Joëlle Dupont
- INRA UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France.
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26
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Li M, Zhang Y, Cao Y, Zhang D, Liu L, Guo Y, Wang C. Icariin Ameliorates Palmitate-Induced Insulin Resistance Through Reducing Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein (TXNIP) and Suppressing ER Stress in C2C12 Myotubes. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1180. [PMID: 30459603 PMCID: PMC6232724 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Both thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are implicated in skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Icariin has been found to mimic insulin action in normal skeletal muscle C2C12 cells and display anti-diabetic properties in diet-induced obese mice. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains to be well-established. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that the protective effects of icariin on free fatty acid-induced insulin resistance were attributed to its regulation on TXNIP protein levels and ER stress in skeletal muscle cells. We found that TXNIP mediated the saturated fatty acid palmitate (PA)-induced insulin resistance in C2C12 myotubes. Icariin treatment significantly restored PA-reduced proteasome activity resulting in reduction of TXNIP protein and suppression of ER stress, as well as improvement of insulin sensitivity. Proteasome inhibition by its specific inhibitor MG132 obviously abolished the inhibitory effect of icariin on PA-induced insulin resistance. In addition, MG132 supplementation markedly abrogated the impacts of icariin on ER stress and TXNIP-mediated downstream events such as inflammation and STAT3 phosphorylation. These results clearly indicate that icariin improves PA-induced skeletal muscle insulin resistance through a proteasome-dependent mechanism, by which icariin downregulats TXNIP levels and inhibits ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Changhua Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
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27
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Gaspar RC, Muñoz VR, Formigari GP, Kuga GK, Nakandakari SCBR, Botezelli JD, da Silva AS, Cintra DE, de Moura LP, Ropelle ER, Pauli JR. Acute physical exercise increases the adaptor protein APPL1 in the hypothalamus of obese mice. Cytokine 2018; 110:87-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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28
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29
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Kido K, Ato S, Yokokawa T, Sato K, Fujita S. Resistance training recovers attenuated APPL1 expression and improves insulin-induced Akt signal activation in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 314:E564-E571. [PMID: 29406784 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00362.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Adapter protein containing Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domain, and leucine zipper motif 1 (APPL1) has been reported as a positive regulator of insulin-stimulated Akt activation. The expression of APPL1 is reduced in skeletal muscles of type 2 diabetic (T2D) animals, implying that APPL1 may be an important factor affecting insulin sensitivity. However, the regulation of APPL1 expression and the physiological interventions modulating these effects are unclear. Accordingly, we first confirmed that APPL1 expression and insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation were significantly attenuated in skeletal muscles of T2D rats. Additionally, we found that APPL1 expression levels were significantly correlated with fasting blood glucose levels. Next, we identified important signals involved in the expression of APPL1. APPL1 mRNA expression increased upon AMP-activated protein kinase, calcium, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and insulin-like growth factor-1 signal activation. Moreover, acute resistance exercise in vivo significantly activated these signaling pathways. Finally, through in vivo experiments, we found that chronic resistance training (RT) increased APPL1 expression and activated insulin-induced Akt signaling in skeletal muscles of rats with T2D. Furthermore, variations in APPL1 expression (i.e., the difference between control and RT muscles) significantly correlated with variations in insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation under the same conditions. Therefore, chronic RT recovered attenuated APPL1 expression and improved insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation in skeletal muscles of T2D rats. Accordingly, APPL1 may be a key regulator of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, and RT may be an important physiological treatment increasing APPL1 expression, which is attenuated in T2D.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Down-Regulation/genetics
- Insulin/metabolism
- Insulin/pharmacology
- Insulin Resistance/genetics
- Mice
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism
- Physical Conditioning, Animal/physiology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred OLETF
- Rats, Long-Evans
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Resistance Training
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Kido
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University , Kusatsu , Japan
| | - Satoru Ato
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University , Kusatsu , Japan
| | - Takumi Yokokawa
- Laboratory of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Koji Sato
- Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University , Kobe , Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University , Kusatsu , Japan
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30
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Regulation of RabGAPs involved in insulin action. Biochem Soc Trans 2018; 46:683-690. [PMID: 29784647 DOI: 10.1042/bst20170479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Rab (Ras-related proteins in brain) GTPases are key proteins responsible for a multiplicity of cellular trafficking processes. Belonging to the family of monomeric GTPases, they are regulated by cycling between their active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound conformations. Despite possessing a slow intrinsic GTP hydrolysis activity, Rab proteins rely on RabGAPs (Rab GTPase-activating proteins) that catalyze GTP hydrolysis and consequently inactivate the respective Rab GTPases. Two related RabGAPs, TBC1D1 and TBC1D4 (=AS160) have been described to be associated with obesity-related traits and type 2 diabetes in both mice and humans. Inactivating mutations of TBC1D1 and TBC1D4 lead to substantial changes in trafficking and subcellular distribution of the insulin-responsive glucose transporter GLUT4, and to subsequent alterations in energy substrate metabolism. The activity of the RabGAPs is controlled through complex phosphorylation events mediated by protein kinases including AKT and AMPK, and by putative regulatory interaction partners. However, the dynamics and downstream events following phosphorylation are not well understood. This review focuses on the specific role and regulation of TBC1D1 and TBC1D4 in insulin action.
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31
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Abstract
Understanding how brown and beige adipocytes can be differentially controlled and activated by neuronal circuits is a fundamental prerequisite to fully comprehend the metabolic role that fat tissue plays in energy homeostasis. In this issue of EMBO reports, Wang et al 1 identify a new hypothalamic route that drives the exclusive recruitment of beige fat via the selective control of sympathetic nervous system (SNS ) outflow to subcutaneous white adipose tissue. Since the data strongly suggest that the APPL 2–AMPK signaling axis is crucial for this activation, this finding sheds a new light on the cross talk between peripheral homeostatic signals and neurons that are part of hypothalamic energy homeostasis regulatory pathways in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VHM ) proposing a new defending mechanism to cold and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Consolata Miletta
- Department of Comparative MedicineProgram in Integrative Cell Signalling and Neurobiology of MetabolismYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
| | - Tamas L Horvath
- Department of Comparative MedicineProgram in Integrative Cell Signalling and Neurobiology of MetabolismYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
- Department of Anatomy and HistologyUniversity of Veterinary MedicineBudapestHungary
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32
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Galan-Davila AK, Ryu J, Dong K, Xiao Y, Dai Z, Zhang D, Li Z, Dick AM, Liu KD, Kamat A, Lu M, Dong Q, Liu F, Dong LQ. Alternative splicing variant of the scaffold protein APPL1 suppresses hepatic adiponectin signaling and function. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:6064-6074. [PMID: 29483192 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.002162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived hormone with antidiabetic activities that include increasing the sensitivity of cells to insulin. Adaptor protein containing pleckstrin homology domain, phosphotyrosine-binding domain, and leucine zipper motif (APPL1) stimulates adiponectin signaling and promotes adiponectin's insulin-sensitizing effects by binding to two adiponectin receptors, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, and the insulin receptor. In this study, we report an alternative splicing variant of APPL1 (APPL1sv) that is highly expressed in mouse liver, pancreas, and spleen tissues. The expression levels of APPL1sv in liver tissues were enhanced in a mouse model of obesity and diabetic dyslipidemia (i.e. db/db mice) and reduced in calorie-restricted mice compared with ad libitum-fed mice. APPL1sv overexpression or suppression inhibited or enhanced, respectively, adiponectin-stimulated phosphorylation of AMP protein kinase (AMPK) in mouse hepatocytes. We also found that APPL1sv binds to AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 under basal conditions and that adiponectin treatment reduces this binding. Overexpression of APPL1sv blocked adiponectin-induced interactions of APPL1 with the adiponectin receptors. Moreover, adenovirus-mediated and short hairpin RNA-based suppression of APPL1sv greatly reduced high fat diet-induced insulin resistance and hepatic glucose production in mice. Our study identifies a key suppressor of hepatic adiponectin signaling and insulin sensitivity, a finding that may shed light on identifying effective therapeutic targets for treating insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K Galan-Davila
- From the Departments of Cell Systems and Anatomy.,the Department of Clinical and Applied Science Education, University of the Incarnate Word School of Osteopathic Medicine, San Antonio, Texas 78253
| | - Jiyoon Ryu
- From the Departments of Cell Systems and Anatomy
| | - Kun Dong
- From the Departments of Cell Systems and Anatomy
| | - Yang Xiao
- From the Departments of Cell Systems and Anatomy
| | - Zhe Dai
- From the Departments of Cell Systems and Anatomy
| | - Deling Zhang
- From the Departments of Cell Systems and Anatomy
| | - Zhi Li
- From the Departments of Cell Systems and Anatomy
| | | | - Kevin D Liu
- From the Departments of Cell Systems and Anatomy
| | - Amrita Kamat
- Medicine and.,The Barshop Center for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900.,the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas 78229
| | - Min Lu
- the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093.,the Merck Research Laboratory, Diabetes Early Discovery, Boston, Massachusetts 02115-5727
| | - Qunfeng Dong
- the Center for Biomedical Informatics, Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois 60153, and
| | - Feng Liu
- The Barshop Center for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900.,Pharmacology, and
| | - Lily Q Dong
- From the Departments of Cell Systems and Anatomy, .,The Barshop Center for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900
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33
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Wang B, Li A, Li X, Ho PW, Wu D, Wang X, Liu Z, Wu KK, Yau SS, Xu A, Cheng KK. Activation of hypothalamic RIP-Cre neurons promotes beiging of WAT via sympathetic nervous system. EMBO Rep 2018; 19:embr.201744977. [PMID: 29467283 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201744977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige fat by cold increases energy expenditure. Although their activation is known to be differentially regulated in part by hypothalamus, the underlying neural pathways and populations remain poorly characterized. Here, we show that activation of rat-insulin-promoter-Cre (RIP-Cre) neurons in ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) preferentially promotes recruitment of beige fat via a selective control of sympathetic nervous system (SNS) outflow to subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT), but has no effect on BAT Genetic ablation of APPL2 in RIP-Cre neurons diminishes beiging in sWAT without affecting BAT, leading to cold intolerance and obesity in mice. Such defects are reversed by activation of RIP-Cre neurons, inactivation of VMH AMPK, or treatment with a β3-adrenergic receptor agonist. Hypothalamic APPL2 enhances neuronal activation in VMH RIP-Cre neurons and raphe pallidus, thereby eliciting SNS outflow to sWAT and subsequent beiging. These data suggest that beige fat can be selectively activated by VMH RIP-Cre neurons, in which the APPL2-AMPK signaling axis is crucial for this defending mechanism to cold and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baile Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ang Li
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration Ministry of Education, Guangdong Medical Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomu Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Philip Wl Ho
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Donghai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology and Guangdong Provincial, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqi Wang
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhuohao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kelvin Kl Wu
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sonata Sy Yau
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China .,Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kenneth Ky Cheng
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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34
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Ray I, Bhattacharya A, De RK. OCDD: an obesity and co-morbid disease database. BioData Min 2017; 10:33. [PMID: 29201145 PMCID: PMC5697160 DOI: 10.1186/s13040-017-0153-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a medical condition that is known for increased body mass index (BMI). It is also associated with chronic low level inflammation. Obesity disrupts the immune-metabolic homeostasis by changing the secretion of adipocytes. This affects the end-organs, and gives rise to several diseases including type 2 diabetes, asthma, non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases and cancers. These diseases are known as co-morbid diseases. Several studies have explored the underlying molecular mechanisms of developing obesity associated comorbid diseases. To understand the development and progression of diseases associated with obesity, we need a detailed scenario of gene interactions and the distribution of the responsible genes in human system. Results Obesity and Co-morbid Disease Database (OCDD) is designed for relating obesity and its co-morbid diseases using literature mining, and computational and systems biology approaches. OCDD is aimed to investigate the genes associated with comorbidity. Several existing databases have been used to extract molecular interactions and functional annotations of each gene. The degree of co-morbid associations has been measured and made available to the users. The database is available at http://www.isical.ac.in/~systemsbiology/OCDD/home.php Conclusions The main objective of the database is to derive the relations among the genes that are involved in both obesity and its co-morbid diseases. Functional annotation of common genes, gene interaction networks and key driver analyses have made the database a valuable and comprehensive resource for investigating the causal links between obesity and co-morbid diseases. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13040-017-0153-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrani Ray
- Machine Intelligence Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B.T. Road, Kolkata, 700108 India
| | - Anindya Bhattacharya
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, 92093 CA USA
| | - Rajat K De
- Machine Intelligence Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B.T. Road, Kolkata, 700108 India
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Gao C, Chen X, Xu A, Cheng K, Shen J. Adaptor Protein APPL2 Affects Adult Antidepressant Behaviors and Hippocampal Neurogenesis via Regulating the Sensitivity of Glucocorticoid Receptor. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:5537-5547. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0785-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Oróstica L, García P, Vera C, García V, Romero C, Vega M. Effect of TNF-α on Molecules Related to the Insulin Action in Endometrial Cells Exposed to Hyperandrogenic and Hyperinsulinic Conditions Characteristics of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Reprod Sci 2017; 25:1000-1009. [DOI: 10.1177/1933719117732157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Oróstica
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology, Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paula García
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology, Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Vera
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology, Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Víctor García
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Carmen Romero
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology, Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Margarita Vega
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology, Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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37
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APPL1 is a multifunctional endosomal signaling adaptor protein. Biochem Soc Trans 2017; 45:771-779. [PMID: 28620038 DOI: 10.1042/bst20160191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Endosomal adaptor proteins are important regulators of signaling pathways underlying many biological processes. These adaptors can integrate signals from multiple pathways via localization to specific endosomal compartments, as well as through multiple protein-protein interactions. One such adaptor protein that has been implicated in regulating signaling pathways is the adaptor protein containing a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domain, and leucine zipper motif 1 (APPL1). APPL1 localizes to a subset of Rab5-positive endosomes through its Bin-Amphiphysin-Rvs and PH domains, and it coordinates signaling pathways through its interaction with many signaling receptors and proteins through its PTB domain. This review discusses our current understanding of the role of APPL1 in signaling and trafficking, as well as highlights recent work into the function of APPL1 in cell migration and adhesion.
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Gao C, Wang Q, Chung SK, Shen J. Crosstalk of metabolic factors and neurogenic signaling in adult neurogenesis: Implication of metabolic regulation for mental and neurological diseases. Neurochem Int 2017; 106:24-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Barbieri M, Marfella R, Esposito A, Rizzo MR, Angellotti E, Mauro C, Siniscalchi M, Chirico F, Caiazzo P, Furbatto F, Bellis A, D'Onofrio N, Vitiello M, Ferraraccio F, Paolisso G, Balestrieri ML. Incretin treatment and atherosclerotic plaque stability: Role of adiponectin/APPL1 signaling pathway. J Diabetes Complications 2017; 31:295-303. [PMID: 27771154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogues and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4) inhibitors reduce atherosclerosis progression in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and are associated with morphological and compositional characteristics of stable plaque phenotype. GLP-1 promotes the secretion of adiponectin which exerts anti-inflammatory effects through the adaptor protein PH domain and leucine zipper containing 1 (APPL1). The potential role of APPL1 expression in the evolution of atherosclerotic plaque in TDM2 patients has not previously evaluated. METHODS The effect of incretin therapy in the regulation of adiponectin/APPL1 signaling was evaluated both on carotid plaques of asymptomatic diabetic (n=71) and non-diabetic patients (n=52), and through in vitro experiments on endothelial cell (EC). RESULTS Atherosclerotic plaques of T2DM patients showed lower adiponectin and APPL1 levels compared with non-diabetic patients, along with higher oxidative stress, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), vimentin, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels. Among T2DM subjects, current incretin-users presented higher APPL1 and adiponectin content compared with never incretin-users. Similarly, in vitro observations on endothelial cells co-treated with high-glucose (25mM) and GLP-1 (100nM) showed a greater APPL1 protein expression compared with high-glucose treatment alone. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a potential role of adiponectin/APPL1 signaling in mediating the effect of incretin in the prevention of atherosclerosis progression or plaque vulnerability in T2DM.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/agonists
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Adiponectin/metabolism
- Aged
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
- Antioxidants/therapeutic use
- Carotid Stenosis/complications
- Carotid Stenosis/epidemiology
- Carotid Stenosis/prevention & control
- Carotid Stenosis/surgery
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Diabetic Angiopathies/epidemiology
- Diabetic Angiopathies/pathology
- Diabetic Angiopathies/prevention & control
- Diabetic Angiopathies/surgery
- Endarterectomy, Carotid
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/immunology
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Female
- Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/metabolism
- Humans
- Incretins/pharmacology
- Incretins/therapeutic use
- Italy/epidemiology
- Male
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/complications
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/epidemiology
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/pathology
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/prevention & control
- Risk Factors
- Secondary Prevention
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelangela Barbieri
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Aging and Metabolic Sciences, Second University of Naples, Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Aging and Metabolic Sciences, Second University of Naples, Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Esposito
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Aging and Metabolic Sciences, Second University of Naples, Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Rizzo
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Aging and Metabolic Sciences, Second University of Naples, Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Edith Angellotti
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Aging and Metabolic Sciences, Second University of Naples, Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Mauro
- Department of Cardiology, Cardarelli Hospital, Via Antonio Cardarelli, 9, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Siniscalchi
- Department of Cardiology, Cardarelli Hospital, Via Antonio Cardarelli, 9, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Chirico
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cardarelli Hospital, Via Antonio Cardarelli, 9, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Caiazzo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cardarelli Hospital, Via Antonio Cardarelli, 9, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Fulvio Furbatto
- Department of Cardiology, Cardarelli Hospital, Via Antonio Cardarelli, 9, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bellis
- Department of Cardiology, Cardarelli Hospital, Via Antonio Cardarelli, 9, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, via De Crecchio 7, S. Andrea delle Dame, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Milena Vitiello
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, via De Crecchio 7, S. Andrea delle Dame, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Franca Ferraraccio
- Department of Clinical, Public and Preventive Medicine Second University of Naples, Largo Madonna delle Grazie n. 1, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Aging and Metabolic Sciences, Second University of Naples, Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, via De Crecchio 7, S. Andrea delle Dame, 80138, Naples, Italy
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Yang T, Liu H, Zhao B, Xia Z, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Li M, Cao Y, Zhang Z, Bi Y, Wang C. Wogonin enhances intracellular adiponectin levels and suppresses adiponectin secretion in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Endocr J 2017; 64:15-26. [PMID: 27667474 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej16-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As an insulin sensitizer and modulator of inflammatory responses, adiponectin has become a therapeutic target for insulin resistance, diabetes, and diabetes-related complications. Wogonin possesses anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic abilities. However, its effect on generation and secretion of adiponectin is ill-defined in adipocytes. Here, we demonstrated that wogonin administration augmented intracellular adiponectin levels and attenuated adiponectin release in a dose- and time-dependent manner in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes, along with a suppression of PKCδ phosphorylation. Wogonin treatment also prevented PKCδ overexpression-induced reduction of intracellular adiponectin levels and enhancement of adiponectin release. In addition, wogonin supplementation dramatically increased AMPK phosphorylation and SirT1 expression. Inhibition of either AMPK or SirT1 mitigated wogonin action on adiponectin production and release. Furthermore, inhibition of AMPK by its specific inhibitor markedly reduced wogonin-enhanced mRNA and protein expressions of SirT1. These results suggested that wogonin regulated expression and secretion of adiponectin via PKCδ/AMPK/SirT1 signaling pathway in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Wuhan University School of Public Health, Wuhan 430071, China
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Liu Z, Xiao T, Peng X, Li G, Hu F. APPLs: More than just adiponectin receptor binding proteins. Cell Signal 2017; 32:76-84. [PMID: 28108259 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
APPLs (adaptor proteins containing the pleckstrin homology domain, phosphotyrosine binding domain and leucine zipper motif) are multifunctional adaptor proteins that bind to various membrane receptors, nuclear factors and signaling proteins to regulate many biological activities and processes, such as cell proliferation, chromatin remodeling, endosomal trafficking, cell survival, cell metabolism and apoptosis. APPL1, one of the APPL isoforms, was the first identified protein and interacts directly with adiponectin receptors to mediate adiponectin signaling to enhance lipid oxidation and glucose uptake. APPLs also act on insulin signaling pathways and are important mediators of insulin sensitization. Based on recent findings, this review highlights the critical roles of APPLs, particularly APPL1 and its isoform partner APPL2, in mediating adiponectin, insulin, endosomal trafficking and other signaling pathways. A deep understanding of APPLs and their related signaling pathways may potentially lead to therapeutic and interventional treatments for obesity, diabetes, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoying Liu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center of Central South University, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Ting Xiao
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center of Central South University, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiaoyu Peng
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center of Central South University, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Guangdi Li
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center of Central South University, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Fang Hu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center of Central South University, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
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42
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Morais GP, Vicente LGD, Oliveira LDC, Pinto AP, Rocha ALD, Pereira BC, Pauli JR, Silva ASRD. Nonfunctional overreaching and hepatic adaptations of APPL1 and APPL2. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-6574201700si0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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43
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Lima TI, Araujo HN, Menezes ES, Sponton CH, Araújo MB, Bomfim LH, Queiroz AL, Passos MA, e Sousa TA, Hirabara SM, Martins AR, Sampaio HC, Rodrigues A, Curi R, Carneiro EM, Boschero AC, Silveira LR. Role of microRNAs on the Regulation of Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Insulin Signaling in Skeletal Muscle. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:958-966. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanes I. Lima
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center; Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; Unicamp; Campinas SP Brazil
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School; Department of Biochemistry and Immunology; USPRP; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Hygor N. Araujo
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center; Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; Unicamp; Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Eveline S. Menezes
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center; Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; Unicamp; Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Carlos H. Sponton
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center; Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; Unicamp; Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Michel B. Araújo
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center; Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; Unicamp; Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Lucas H.M. Bomfim
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center; Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; Unicamp; Campinas SP Brazil
| | - André L. Queiroz
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School; Department of Biochemistry and Immunology; USPRP; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Madla A. Passos
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School; Department of Biochemistry and Immunology; USPRP; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | | | - Sandro M. Hirabara
- Institute of Physical Activity Sciences and Sports; Cruzeiro do Sul University; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Amanda R. Martins
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics; Institute of Biomedical Sciences; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Helena C.L.B. Sampaio
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center; Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; Unicamp; Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Alice Rodrigues
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics; Institute of Biomedical Sciences; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Rui Curi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics; Institute of Biomedical Sciences; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Everardo M. Carneiro
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center; Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; Unicamp; Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Antônio C. Boschero
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center; Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; Unicamp; Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Leonardo R. Silveira
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center; Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; Unicamp; Campinas SP Brazil
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Ding Y, Zhang D, Wang B, Zhang Y, Wang L, Chen X, Li M, Tang Z, Wang C. APPL1-mediated activation of STAT3 contributes to inhibitory effect of adiponectin on hepatic gluconeogenesis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 433:12-9. [PMID: 27246173 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Adiponectin has been shown to suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis. However, the signaling pathways underlying its action remain ill-defined. The purpose of this study was to examine the potential role of APPL1 in mediating anti-gluconeogenic ability of adiponectin. Primary hepatocytes were isolated from male C57BL/6 mice. Western blot and RT-PCR were performed to detect protein expression and mRNA level, respectively. The protein-protein association was determined by immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down assay. We found that APPL1 protein levels were negatively associated with expressions of proteins and mRNAs of gluconeogenesis enzymes under stimulation with adiponectin. In addition, adiponectin-stimulated STAT3 phosphorylation and acetylation were positively regulated by APPL1 and negative regulated by SirT1. Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of STAT3 mitigated impact of adiponectin on hepatic gluconeogenesis. Furthermore, adiponectin administration facilitated the binding of APPL1 to SirT1 and suppressed the association of SirT1 with STAT3. Taken together, our study showed that APPL1-SirT1-STAT3 pathway mediated adiponectin signaling in primary hepatocytes. This new finding provides a novel mechanism by which adiponectin suppresses hepatic gluconeogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youming Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparoscopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Deling Zhang
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparoscopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yemin Zhang
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparoscopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparoscopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Mingxin Li
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhao Tang
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Changhua Wang
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
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Zhang D, Zhang Y, Ye M, Ding Y, Tang Z, Li M, Zhou Y, Wang C. Interference with Akt signaling pathway contributes curcumin-induced adipocyte insulin resistance. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 429:1-9. [PMID: 27113027 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Previous study has shown that curcumin directly or indirectly suppresses insulin signaling in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here we experimentally demonstrate that curcumin inhibited the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) function, activated autophagy, and reduced protein levels of protein kinase B (Akt) in a dose- and time-dependent manner in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, accompanied with attenuation of insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation, plasma membrane translocation of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4), and glucose uptake. These in vitro inhibitory effects of curcumin on Akt protein expression and insulin action were reversed by pharmacological and genetic inhibition of autophagy but not by inhibition of the UPS and caspases. In addition, Akt reduction in adipose tissues of mice treated with curcumin could be recovered by administration of autophagy inhibitor bafilomycin A1 (BFA). This new finding provides a novel mechanism by which curcumin induces insulin resistance in adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deling Zhang
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yemin Zhang
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Mao Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Youming Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparascopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zhao Tang
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Mingxin Li
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparascopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Changhua Wang
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
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Yeo JC, Wall AA, Luo L, Condon ND, Stow JL. Distinct Roles for APPL1 and APPL2 in Regulating Toll-like Receptor 4 Signaling in Macrophages. Traffic 2016; 17:1014-26. [PMID: 27219021 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are activated by contact with pathogens to mount innate immune defenses against infection. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) at the macrophage surface recognizes and binds bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), setting off signaling and transcriptional events that lead to the secretion of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines; these in turn control inflammatory and antimicrobial responses. Although the complex regulatory pathways downstream of TLR4 have been extensively studied, further molecules critical for modulating the resulting cytokine outputs remain to be characterized. Here we establish potential roles for APPL1 and 2 signaling adaptors as regulators of LPS/TLR4-induced signaling, transcription, and cytokine secretion. APPL1 and 2 are differentially localized to distinct signaling-competent membrane domains on the surface and in endocytic compartments of LPS-activated macrophages. By depleting cells of each adaptor respectively we show separate and opposing functions for APPL1 and 2 in Akt and MAPK signaling. Specifically, APPL2 has a dominant role in nuclear translocation of NF-KB p65 and it serves to constrain the secretion of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The APPLs, and in particular APPL2, are thus revealed as adaptors with important capacity to modulate inflammatory responses mounted by LPS/TLR4 during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy C Yeo
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Adam A Wall
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Lin Luo
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Nicholas D Condon
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Jennifer L Stow
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
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Dadson K, Kovacevic V, Rengasamy P, Kim GHE, Boo S, Li RK, George I, Schulze PC, Hinz B, Sweeney G. Cellular, structural and functional cardiac remodelling following pressure overload and unloading. Int J Cardiol 2016; 216:32-42. [PMID: 27140334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.03.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cardiac remodelling process in advanced heart failure due to pressure overload has not been clearly defined but likely involves mechanisms of cardiac fibrosis and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. The aim of this study was to examine pressure overload (PO)-induced cardiac remodelling processes and their reversibility after unloading in both humans with heart failure and a mouse model of PO induced by aortic constriction. METHODS & RESULTS Speckle tracking echocardiography showed PO-induced cardiac dysfunction in mice was reversible after removal of aortic constriction to unload. Masson's Trichrome staining suggested that PO-induced myocardial fibrosis was reversible, however detailed analysis of 3-dimensional collagen architecture by scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that matrix remodelling was not completely normalised as a disorganised network of thin collagen fibres was evident. Analysis of human left ventricular biopsy samples from HF patients revealed increased presence of large collagen fibres which were greatly reduced in paired samples from the same individuals after unloading by left ventricular assist device implantation. Again, an extensive network of small collagen fibres was still clearly seen to closely surround cardiomyocytes after unloading. Other features of PO-induced remodelling including increased myofibroblast content, cardiomyocyte disarray and hypertrophy were largely reversed upon unloading in both humans and mouse model. Previous work in humans demonstrated that receptors for adiponectin, an important mediator of cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy, decreased in heart failure patients and returned to normal after unloading. Here we provide novel data showing a similar trend for adiponectin receptor adaptor protein APPL1, but not APPL2 isoform. CONCLUSIONS LV unloading diminishes PO-induced cardiac remodelling and improves function. These findings add new insights into the cardiac remodelling process, and provide novel targets for future pharmacologic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Dadson
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Stellar Boo
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ren-Ke Li
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Isaac George
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - P Christian Schulze
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Boris Hinz
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Canada.
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Ruan H, Dong LQ. Adiponectin signaling and function in insulin target tissues. J Mol Cell Biol 2016; 8:101-9. [PMID: 26993044 PMCID: PMC4816150 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjw014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity-linked type 2 diabetes is one of the paramount causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, posing a major threat on human health, productivity, and quality of life. Despite great progress made towards a better understanding of the molecular basis of diabetes, the available clinical counter-measures against insulin resistance, a defect that is central to obesity-linked type 2 diabetes, remain inadequate. Adiponectin, an abundant adipocyte-secreted factor with a wide-range of biological activities, improves insulin sensitivity in major insulin target tissues, modulates inflammatory responses, and plays a crucial role in the regulation of energy metabolism. However, adiponectin as a promising therapeutic approach has not been thoroughly explored in the context of pharmacological intervention, and extensive efforts are being devoted to gain mechanistic understanding of adiponectin signaling and its regulation, and reveal therapeutic targets. Here, we discuss tissue- and cell-specific functions of adiponectin, with an emphasis on the regulation of adiponectin signaling pathways, and the potential crosstalk between the adiponectin and other signaling pathways involved in metabolic regulation. Understanding better just why and how adiponectin and its downstream effector molecules work will be essential, together with empirical trials, to guide us to therapies that target the root cause(s) of type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ruan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Lily Q Dong
- Department of Cell and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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Ding Y, Cao Y, Wang B, Wang L, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Chen X, Li M, Wang C. APPL1-Mediating Leptin Signaling Contributes to Proliferation and Migration of Cancer Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166172. [PMID: 27820851 PMCID: PMC5098739 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin has been implicated in tumorigenesis and tumor progression, particularly in obese patients. As a multifunctional adaptor protein, APPL1 (containing pleckstrin homology domain, phosphotyrosine binding domain, and a leucine zipper motif 1) plays a critical role in regulating adiponectin and insulin signaling pathways. Currently, high APPL1 level has been suggested to be related to metastases and progression of some types of cancer. However, the intercourse between leptin signaling pathway and APPL1 remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the protein levels and phosphorylation statues of APPL1were highly expressed in tissues from human hepatocellular carcinoma and triple-positive breast cancer. Leptin stimulated APPL1 phosphorylation in a time-dependent manner in both human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell and breast cancer MCF-7 cell. Overexpression or suppression of APPL1 promoted or attenuated, respectively, leptin-induced phosphorylation of STAT3, ERK1/2, and Akt in the cancer cells, accompanied with enhanced or mitigated cell proliferation and migration. In addition, we identified that APPL1 directly bound to both leptin receptor and STAT3. This interaction was significantly enhanced by leptin stimulation. Our results suggested that APPL1 positively mediated leptin signaling and promoted leptin-induced proliferation and migration of cancer cells. This finding reveals a novel mechanism by which leptin promotes the motility and growth of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youming Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparascopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yingkang Cao
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparascopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparascopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yemin Zhang
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Deling Zhang
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparascopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Mingxin Li
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Changhua Wang
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- * E-mail:
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Yao F, Zhang M, Chen L. 5'-Monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) improves autophagic activity in diabetes and diabetic complications. Acta Pharm Sin B 2016; 6:20-5. [PMID: 26904395 PMCID: PMC4724658 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM), an endocrine disorder, will be one of the leading causes of death world-wide in about two decades. Cellular injuries and disorders of energy metabolism are two key factors in the pathogenesis of diabetes, which also become the important causes for the process of diabetic complications. AMPK is a key enzyme in maintaining metabolic homeostasis and has been implicated in the activation of autophagy in distinct tissues. An increasing number of researchers have confirmed that autophagy is a potential factor to affect or induce diabetes and its complications nowadays, which could remove cytotoxic proteins and dysfunctional organelles. This review will summarize the regulation of autophagy and AMPK in diabetes and its complications, and explore how AMPK stimulates autophagy in different diabetic syndromes. A deeper understanding of the regulation and activity of AMPK in autophagy would enhance its development as a promising therapeutic target for diabetes treatment.
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Key Words
- ACC, carboxylase
- ADP, adenosine diphosphate
- AMP, adenosine monophosphate
- AMP-activated protein kinases
- AMPK, 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- AdipoR, adiponectin receptors
- Autophagy
- CaMKK, Ca2+ calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase
- DEPTOR, DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein
- DM, Diabetes mellitus
- DN, Diabetic nephropathy
- Diabetes
- Diabetic complications
- ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase
- FoxO, forkhead box class O
- GFRs, glomerular filtration rates
- IKK, IκB kinase
- JLDG, Jinlida granule
- JNK, janus kinase
- LC3, light chain 3
- LKB1, liver kinase B1
- PKC, protein kinase C
- PRAS40, proline-rich Akt substrate 40 kDa
- RAPTOR, regulator associated protein of mTOR
- SOGA, suppressor of glucose form autophagy
- SQSTM1, sequestosome 1
- STZ, streptozotocin
- TSC, tuberous sclerosis complex
- ULK1, Unc-51-like kinase 1
- VPS34, vacuolar protein-sorting 34
- mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin
- mTORC1, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1
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