1
|
Pocognoni CA, Nawara T, Bhatt JM, Lee E, Jian X, Randazzo P, Sztul E. The lipid flippase ATP8A1 regulates the recruitment of ARF effectors to the trans-Golgi Network. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 758:110049. [PMID: 38879142 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.110049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Formation of transport vesicles requires the coordinate activity of the coating machinery that selects cargo into the nascent vesicle and the membrane bending machinery that imparts curvature to the forming bud. Vesicle coating at the trans-Golgi Network (TGN) involves AP1, GGA2 and clathrin, which are recruited to membranes by activated ARF GTPases. The ARF activation at the TGN is mediated by the BIG1 and BIG2 guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). Membrane deformation at the TGN has been shown to be mediated by lipid flippases, including ATP8A1, that moves phospholipids from the inner to the outer leaflet of the TGN membrane. We probed a possible coupling between the coating and deformation machineries by testing for an interaction between BIG1, BIG2 and ATP8A1, and by assessing whether such an interaction may influence coating efficiency. Herein, we document that BIG1 and BIG2 co-localize with ATP8A1 in both, static and highly mobile TGN elements, and that BIG1 and BIG2 bind ATP8A1. We show that the interaction involves the catalytic Sec7 domain of the GEFs and the cytosolic C-terminal tail of ATP8A1. Moreover, we report that the expression of ATP8A1, but not ATP8A1 lacking the GEF-binding cytosolic tail, increases the generation of activated ARFs at the TGN and increases the selective recruitment of AP1, GGA2 and clathrin to TGN membranes. This occurs without increasing BIG1 or BIG2 levels at the TGN, suggesting that the binding of the ATP8A1 flippase tail to the Sec7 domain of BIG1/BIG2 increases their catalytic activity. Our results support a model in which a flippase component of the deformation machinery impacts the activity of the GEF component of the coating machinery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristian A Pocognoni
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza 5500, Argentina.
| | - Tomasz Nawara
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, MCLM 731, Birmingham, AL, 35233-2008, USA
| | - Jay M Bhatt
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, MCLM 731, Birmingham, AL, 35233-2008, USA
| | - Eunjoo Lee
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, MCLM 731, Birmingham, AL, 35233-2008, USA
| | - Xiaoying Jian
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Paul Randazzo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Elizabeth Sztul
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, MCLM 731, Birmingham, AL, 35233-2008, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Matsell E, Andersen JP, Molday RS. Functional and in silico analysis of ATP8A2 and other P4-ATPase variants associated with human genetic diseases. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050546. [PMID: 38436085 PMCID: PMC11073571 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
P4-ATPases flip lipids from the exoplasmic to cytoplasmic leaflet of cell membranes, a property crucial for many biological processes. Mutations in P4-ATPases are associated with severe inherited and complex human disorders. We determined the expression, localization and ATPase activity of four variants of ATP8A2, the P4-ATPase associated with the neurodevelopmental disorder known as cerebellar ataxia, impaired intellectual development and disequilibrium syndrome 4 (CAMRQ4). Two variants, G447R and A772P, harboring mutations in catalytic domains, expressed at low levels and mislocalized in cells. In contrast, the E459Q variant in a flexible loop displayed wild-type expression levels, Golgi-endosome localization and ATPase activity. The R1147W variant expressed at 50% of wild-type levels but showed normal localization and activity. These results indicate that the G447R and A772P mutations cause CAMRQ4 through protein misfolding. The E459Q mutation is unlikely to be causative, whereas the R1147W may display a milder disease phenotype. Using various programs that predict protein stability, we show that there is a good correlation between the experimental expression of the variants and in silico stability assessments, suggesting that such analysis is useful in identifying protein misfolding disease-associated variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eli Matsell
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | | | - Robert S. Molday
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Norris AC, Mansueto AJ, Jimenez M, Yazlovitskaya EM, Jain BK, Graham TR. Flipping the script: Advances in understanding how and why P4-ATPases flip lipid across membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119700. [PMID: 38382846 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Type IV P-type ATPases (P4-ATPases) are a family of transmembrane enzymes that translocate lipid substrates from the outer to the inner leaflet of biological membranes and thus create an asymmetrical distribution of lipids within membranes. On the cellular level, this asymmetry is essential for maintaining the integrity and functionality of biological membranes, creating platforms for signaling events and facilitating vesicular trafficking. On the organismal level, this asymmetry has been shown to be important in maintaining blood homeostasis, liver metabolism, neural development, and the immune response. Indeed, dysregulation of P4-ATPases has been linked to several diseases; including anemia, cholestasis, neurological disease, and several cancers. This review will discuss the evolutionary transition of P4-ATPases from cation pumps to lipid flippases, the new lipid substrates that have been discovered, the significant advances that have been achieved in recent years regarding the structural mechanisms underlying the recognition and flipping of specific lipids across biological membranes, and the consequences of P4-ATPase dysfunction on cellular and physiological functions. Additionally, we emphasize the requirement for additional research to comprehensively understand the involvement of flippases in cellular physiology and disease and to explore their potential as targets for therapeutics in treating a variety of illnesses. The discussion in this review will primarily focus on the budding yeast, C. elegans, and mammalian P4-ATPases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana C Norris
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Mariana Jimenez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Bhawik K Jain
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Todd R Graham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Herrera SA, Justesen BH, Dieudonné T, Montigny C, Nissen P, Lenoir G, Günther Pomorski T. Direct evidence of lipid transport by the Drs2-Cdc50 flippase upon truncation of its terminal regions. Protein Sci 2023; 33:e4855. [PMID: 38063271 PMCID: PMC10895448 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
P4-ATPases in complex with Cdc50 subunits are lipid flippases that couple ATP hydrolysis with lipid transport to the cytoplasmic leaflet of membranes to create lipid asymmetry. Such vectorial transport has been shown to contribute to vesicle formation in the late secretory pathway. Some flippases are regulated by autoinhibitory regions that can be destabilized by protein kinase-mediated phosphorylation and possibly by binding of cytosolic proteins. In addition, the binding of lipids to flippases may also induce conformational changes required for the activity of these transporters. Here, we address the role of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI4P) and the terminal autoinhibitory tails on the lipid flipping activity of the yeast lipid flippase Drs2-Cdc50. By functionally reconstituting the full-length and truncated forms of Drs2 in a 1:1 complex with the Cdc50 subunit, we provide compelling evidence that lipid flippase activity is exclusively detected for the truncated Drs2 variant and is dependent on the presence of the phosphoinositide PI4P. These findings highlight the critical role of phosphoinositides as lipid co-factors in the regulation of lipid transport by the Drs2-Cdc50 flippase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Abad Herrera
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr University BochumBochumGermany
| | - Bo Højen Justesen
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr University BochumBochumGermany
| | - Thibaud Dieudonné
- Université Paris‐Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC)Gif‐sur‐YvetteFrance
- DANDRITE, Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Cédric Montigny
- Université Paris‐Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC)Gif‐sur‐YvetteFrance
| | - Poul Nissen
- DANDRITE, Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Guillaume Lenoir
- Université Paris‐Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC)Gif‐sur‐YvetteFrance
| | - Thomas Günther Pomorski
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr University BochumBochumGermany
- Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksbergDenmark
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dieudonné T, Kümmerer F, Laursen MJ, Stock C, Flygaard RK, Khalid S, Lenoir G, Lyons JA, Lindorff-Larsen K, Nissen P. Activation and substrate specificity of the human P4-ATPase ATP8B1. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7492. [PMID: 37980352 PMCID: PMC10657443 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42828-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric distribution of phospholipids in eukaryotic membranes is essential for cell integrity, signaling pathways, and vesicular trafficking. P4-ATPases, also known as flippases, participate in creating and maintaining this asymmetry through active transport of phospholipids from the exoplasmic to the cytosolic leaflet. Here, we present a total of nine cryo-electron microscopy structures of the human flippase ATP8B1-CDC50A complex at 2.4 to 3.1 Å overall resolution, along with functional and computational studies, addressing the autophosphorylation steps from ATP, substrate recognition and occlusion, as well as a phosphoinositide binding site. We find that the P4-ATPase transport site is occupied by water upon phosphorylation from ATP. Additionally, we identify two different autoinhibited states, a closed and an outward-open conformation. Furthermore, we identify and characterize the PI(3,4,5)P3 binding site of ATP8B1 in an electropositive pocket between transmembrane segments 5, 7, 8, and 10. Our study also highlights the structural basis of a broad lipid specificity of ATP8B1 and adds phosphatidylinositol as a transport substrate for ATP8B1. We report a critical role of the sn-2 ester bond of glycerophospholipids in substrate recognition by ATP8B1 through conserved S403. These findings provide fundamental insights into ATP8B1 catalytic cycle and regulation, and substrate recognition in P4-ATPases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thibaud Dieudonné
- DANDRITE, Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Felix Kümmerer
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory & Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michelle Juknaviciute Laursen
- DANDRITE, Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Charlott Stock
- DANDRITE, Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Kock Flygaard
- DANDRITE, Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Syma Khalid
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Guillaume Lenoir
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Joseph A Lyons
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO) Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kresten Lindorff-Larsen
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory & Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Poul Nissen
- DANDRITE, Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Honsho M, Fujiki Y. Asymmetric Distribution of Plasmalogens and Their Roles-A Mini Review. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:764. [PMID: 37755186 PMCID: PMC10534842 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13090764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Plasmalogens are a unique family of cellular glycerophospholipids that contain a vinyl-ether bond. The synthesis of plasmalogens is initiated in peroxisomes and completed in the endoplasmic reticulum. Plasmalogens are transported to the post-Golgi compartment, including endosomes and plasma membranes, in a manner dependent on ATP, but not vesicular transport. Plasmalogens are preferentially localized in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane in a manner dependent on P4-type ATPase ATP8B2, that associates with the CDC50 subunit. Plasmalogen biosynthesis is spatiotemporally regulated by a feedback mechanism that senses the amount of plasmalogens in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane and controls the stability of fatty acyl-CoA reductase 1 (FAR1), the rate-limiting enzyme for plasmalogen biosynthesis. The physiological consequences of such asymmetric localization and homeostasis of plasmalogens are discussed in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Honsho
- Department of Neuroinflammation and Brain Fatigue Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiki
- Institute of Rheological Functions of Food-Kyushu University Collaboration Program, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 811-2501, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo, Himeji 671-2280, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen S, Song X, Xiao Q, Wang L, Zhu X, Zou Y, Li G. Knockdown of TMEM30A in renal tubular epithelial cells leads to reduced glucose absorption. BMC Nephrol 2023; 24:250. [PMID: 37612668 PMCID: PMC10464243 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-023-03299-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The kidney reabsorbs large amounts of glucose through Na+-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2). P4-ATPase acts together with the β-subunit TMEM30A to mediate the asymmetric distribution of phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and other amino phospholipids, promoting plasma membrane and internal vesicle fusion, and facilitating vesicle protein transport. We observed reduced TMEM30A expression in renal tubules of DKD and IgA patients, suggesting a potential role of TMEM30A in renal tubular cells. To investigate the role of TMEM30A in renal tubules, we constructed a TMEM30A knockdown cell model by transfecting mouse kidney tubular epithelium cells (TCMK-1) with TMEM30A shRNA. Knockdown of TMEM30A in TCMK-1 cells attenuated vesicle transporter protein synthesis, resulting in reduced transport and expression of SGLT2, which in turn reduced glucose absorption. These data suggested that TMEM30A plays a crucial role in renal tubules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sipei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West 2Nd Duan, 1St Circle Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinrou Song
- Department of Nephrology, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiong Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West 2Nd Duan, 1St Circle Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West 2Nd Duan, 1St Circle Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Xianjun Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West 2Nd Duan, 1St Circle Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Zou
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West 2Nd Duan, 1St Circle Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Guisen Li
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West 2Nd Duan, 1St Circle Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shan KZ, Le T, Liang P, Dong P, Yang H. Endothelial TMEM16F lipid scramblase regulates angiogenesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.17.553724. [PMID: 37645870 PMCID: PMC10462142 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.17.553724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic loss of lipid asymmetry through the activation of TMEM16 Ca2+-activated lipid scramblases (CaPLSases) has been increasingly recognized as an essential membrane event in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes, including blood coagulation, microparticle release, bone development, pain sensation, cell-cell fusion, and viral infection. Despite the recent implications of TMEM16F CaPLSase in vascular development and endothelial cell-mediated coagulation, its signaling role in endothelial biology remains to be established. Here, we show that endothelial TMEM16F regulates in vitro and in vivo angiogenesis through intracellular signaling. Developmental retinal angiogenesis is significantly impaired in TMEM16F deficient mice, as evidenced by fewer vascular loops and larger loop areas. Consistent with our in vivo observation, TMEM16F siRNA knockdown in human umbilical vein endothelial cells compromises angiogenesis in vitro. We further discovered that TMEM16F knockdown enhances VE-cadherin phosphorylation and reduces its expression. Moreover, TMEM16F knockdown also promotes Src kinase phosphorylation at tyrosine 416, which may be responsible for downregulating VE-cadherin expression. Our study thus uncovers a new biological function of TMEM16F in angiogenesis and provides a potential mechanism for how the CaPLSase regulates angiogenesis through intracellular signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zoe Shan
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Trieu Le
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Curreent address: Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Pengfei Liang
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ping Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Huanghe Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Curreent address: Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kimura T, Kimura AK, Epand RM. Systematic crosstalk in plasmalogen and diacyl lipid biosynthesis for their differential yet concerted molecular functions in the cell. Prog Lipid Res 2023; 91:101234. [PMID: 37169310 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2023.101234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Plasmalogen is a major phospholipid of mammalian cell membranes. Recently it is becoming evident that the sn-1 vinyl-ether linkage in plasmalogen, contrasting to the ester linkage in the counterpart diacyl glycerophospholipid, yields differential molecular characteristics for these lipids especially related to hydrocarbon-chain order, so as to concertedly regulate biological membrane processes. A role played by NMR in gaining information in this respect, ranging from molecular to tissue levels, draws particular attention. We note here that a broad range of enzymes in de novo synthesis pathway of plasmalogen commonly constitute that of diacyl glycerophospholipid. This fact forms the basis for systematic crosstalk that not only controls a quantitative balance between these lipids, but also senses a defect causing loss of lipid in either pathway for compensation by increase of the counterpart lipid. However, this inherent counterbalancing mechanism paradoxically amplifies imbalance in differential effects of these lipids in a diseased state on membrane processes. While sharing of enzymes has been recognized, it is now possible to overview the crosstalk with growing information for specific enzymes involved. The overview provides a fundamental clue to consider cell and tissue type-dependent schemes in regulating membrane processes by plasmalogen and diacyl glycerophospholipid in health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Kimura
- Department of Chemistry & Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA.
| | - Atsuko K Kimura
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Richard M Epand
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Saiki R, Katayama K, Dohi K. Recent Advances in Proteinuric Kidney Disease/Nephrotic Syndrome: Lessons from Knockout/Transgenic Mouse Models. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1803. [PMID: 37509442 PMCID: PMC10376620 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteinuria is known to be associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, and nephrotic syndrome is defined by the level of proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia. With advances in medicine, new causative genes for genetic kidney diseases are being discovered increasingly frequently. We reviewed articles on proteinuria/nephrotic syndrome, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, membranous nephropathy, diabetic kidney disease/nephropathy, hypertension/nephrosclerosis, Alport syndrome, and rare diseases, which have been studied in mouse models. Significant progress has been made in understanding the genetics and pathophysiology of kidney diseases thanks to advances in science, but research in this area is ongoing. In the future, genetic analyses of patients with proteinuric kidney disease/nephrotic syndrome may ultimately lead to personalized treatment options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Saiki
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Kan Katayama
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Kaoru Dohi
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Honsho M, Fujiki Y. Regulation of plasmalogen biosynthesis in mammalian cells and tissues. Brain Res Bull 2023; 194:118-123. [PMID: 36720320 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Plasmalogens are a unique family of cellular glycerophospholipids that contain a vinyl-ether bond. Synthesis of plasmalogens is initiated in peroxisomes and completed in the endoplasmic reticulum. The absence of plasmalogens in several organs of patients with deficiency in peroxisome biogenesis suggests that de novo synthesis of plasmalogens contributes significantly to plasmalogen homeostasis in humans. Plasmalogen biosynthesis is spatiotemporally regulated by a feedback mechanism that senses the amount of plasmalogens in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane and regulates the stability of fatty acyl-CoA reductase 1 (FAR1), the rate-limiting enzyme for plasmalogen biosynthesis. Dysregulation of plasmalogen synthesis impairs cholesterol synthesis in cells and brain, resulting in the reduced expression of genes such as mRNA encoding myelin basic protein, a phenotype found in the cerebellum of plasmalogen-deficient mice. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of plasmalogen biosynthesis and the link between plasmalogen homeostasis and cholesterol biosynthesis, and address the pathogenesis of impaired plasmalogen homeostasis in rodent and humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Honsho
- Department of Neuroinflammation and Brain Fatigue Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Yukio Fujiki
- Institute of Rheological Functions of Food-Kyushu University Collaboration Program, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Functional Analysis of the P-Type ATPases Apt2-4 from Cryptococcus neoformans by Heterologous Expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9020202. [PMID: 36836316 PMCID: PMC9966271 DOI: 10.3390/jof9020202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid flippases of the P4-ATPase family actively transport phospholipids across cell membranes, an activity essential for key cellular processes such as vesicle budding and membrane trafficking. Members of this transporter family have also been implicated in the development of drug resistance in fungi. The encapsulated fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans contains four P4-ATPases, among which Apt2-4p are poorly characterized. Using heterologous expression in the flippase-deficient S. cerevisiae strain dnf1Δdnf2Δdrs2Δ, we tested their lipid flippase activity in comparison to Apt1p using complementation tests and fluorescent lipid uptake assays. Apt2p and Apt3p required the co-expression of the C. neoformans Cdc50 protein for activity. Apt2p/Cdc50p displayed a narrow substrate specificity, limited to phosphatidylethanolamine and -choline. Despite its inability to transport fluorescent lipids, the Apt3p/Cdc50p complex still rescued the cold-sensitive phenotype of dnf1Δdnf2Δdrs2Δ, suggesting a functional role for the flippase in the secretory pathway. Apt4p, the closest homolog to Saccharomyces Neo1p, which does not require a Cdc50 protein, was unable to complement several flippase-deficient mutant phenotypes, neither in the presence nor absence of a β-subunit. These results identify C. neoformans Cdc50 as an essential subunit for Apt1-3p and provide a first insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying their physiological functions.
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu L, Xia Z, Zhang Y, Su J, Sun L, Zhang L. Liver-specific deficiency of TMEM30A develops spontaneous hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2023; 11:goad003. [PMID: 36727113 PMCID: PMC9881118 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goad003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jingjing Su
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Leimin Sun
- Corresponding authors. Lingling Zhang, International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China. Tel: +86-18042319386; ; Leimin Sun, Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China. Tel: +86-18867961095;
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Corresponding authors. Lingling Zhang, International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China. Tel: +86-18042319386; ; Leimin Sun, Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China. Tel: +86-18867961095;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xiao D, Chang W. Phosphatidylserine in Diabetes Research. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:82-89. [PMID: 36480277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipids are lipids that constitute the basic structure of cell membranes. In-depth research has shown that in addition to supporting cell structures, phospholipids participate in multiple cellular processes, including promoting cell signal transduction, guiding protein translocation, activating enzymatic activity, and eliminating dysfunctional/redundant organelles/cells. Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease with a complicated etiology and pathology. Studies have shown that the level of certain phospholipids, for example, the ratio of phosphatidylcholine (PC) to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in liver tissue, is negatively associated with insulin sensitivity. In addition, PS is a phospholipid exhibiting extensive cellular functions in diabetes. For this review, we analyzed many PS studies focusing on diabetes and insulin sensitivity in recent years and found that PS participates in controlling insulin secretion, regulating insulin signaling transduction, and participating in the progression of diabetic complications by mediating coagulation disorders in the microvasculature or targeting mitochondria. Moreover, PS supplements in food and PS-containing liposomes have been shown to protect against type 1 and type 2 diabetes (T1D and T2D, respectively) in animal studies. Therefore, by summarizing the regulatory roles played by PS in diabetes and the potential of successfully using PS or PS-containing liposomes for diabetic therapy, we hope to provide new ideas for further research into the mechanisms of diabetes and for drug development for treating diabetes and its complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Xiao
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenguang Chang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chen K, Huang X, Distler U, Tenzer S, Günay-Esiyok Ö, Gupta N. Apically-located P4-ATPase1-Lem1 complex internalizes phosphatidylserine and regulates motility-dependent invasion and egress in Toxoplasma gondii. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:1893-1906. [PMID: 36936814 PMCID: PMC10015115 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The membrane asymmetry regulated by P4-ATPases is crucial for the functioning of eukaryotic cells. The underlying spatial translocation or flipping of specific lipids is usually assured by respective P4-ATPases coupled to conforming non-catalytic subunits. Our previous work has identified five P4-ATPases (TgP4-ATPase1-5) and three non-catalytic partner proteins (TgLem1-3) in the intracellular protozoan pathogen, Toxoplasma gondii. However, their flipping activity, physiological relevance and functional coupling remain unknown. Herein, we demonstrate that TgP4-ATPase1 and TgLem1 work together to translocate phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) during the lytic cycle of T. gondii. Both proteins localize in the plasma membrane at the invasive (apical) end of its acutely-infectious tachyzoite stage. The genetic knockout of P4-ATPase1 and conditional depletion of Lem1 in tachyzoites severely disrupt the asexual reproduction and translocation of PtdSer across the plasma membrane. Moreover, the phenotypic analysis of individual mutants revealed a requirement of lipid flipping for the motility, egress and invasion of tachyzoites. Not least, the proximity-dependent biotinylation and reciprocal immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated the physical interaction of P4-ATPase1 and Lem1. Our findings disclose the mechanism and significance of PtdSer flipping during the lytic cycle and identify the P4-ATPase1-Lem1 heterocomplex as a potential drug target in T. gondii.
Collapse
Key Words
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- CDC50, Cell Division Control 50
- COS, crossover sequence
- Cdc50
- DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- DHFR-TS, dihydrofolate reductase – thymidylate synthase
- HFF, human foreskin fibroblast
- HXGPRT, hypoxanthine-xanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase
- IAA, indole-3-acetic acid
- LEM, Ligand Effector Module
- Lem1
- NBD, nitrobenzoxadiazole
- NBD-lipid
- P4-ATPase1
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- Phosphatidylserine
- Phospholipid flipping
- PtdCho, phosphatidylcholine
- PtdEtn, phosphatidylethanolamine
- PtdSer, phosphatidylserine
- PtdThr, phosphatidylthreonine
- UTR, untranslated region
- cGMP, cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate
- mAID, (mini) auxin-inducible degron
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- Department of Molecular Parasitology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiyu Huang
- Department of Molecular Parasitology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Distler
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Tenzer
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Özlem Günay-Esiyok
- Department of Molecular Parasitology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nishith Gupta
- Department of Molecular Parasitology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
- Intracellular Parasite Education and Research Labs (iPEARL), Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-P), Hyderabad, India
- Corresponding author at: Department of Molecular Parasitology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li J, Zhao Y, Wang N. Physiological and Pathological Functions of TMEM30A: An Essential Subunit of P4-ATPase Phospholipid Flippases. J Lipids 2023; 2023:4625567. [PMID: 37200892 PMCID: PMC10188266 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4625567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Phospholipids are asymmetrically distributed across mammalian plasma membrane. The function of P4-ATPases is to maintain the abundance of phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in the inner leaflet as lipid flippases. Transmembrane protein 30A (TMEM30A, also named CDC50A), as an essential β subunit of most P4-ATPases, facilitates their transport and functions. With TMEM30A knockout mice or cell lines, it is found that the loss of TMEM30A has huge influences on the survival of mice and cells because of PS exposure-triggered apoptosis signaling. TMEM30A is a promising target for drug discovery due to its significant roles in various systems and diseases. In this review, we summarize the functions of TMEM30A in different systems, present current understanding of the protein structures and mechanisms of TMEM30A-P4-ATPase complexes, and discuss how these fundamental aspects of TMEM30A may be applied to disease treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Clinical Medical Laboratory, Wenjiang Hospital of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dieudonné T, Jaxel C, Lejeune M, Lenoir G, Montigny C. Expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Purification of a Human Phospholipid Flippase. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2652:231-246. [PMID: 37093479 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3147-8_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Membrane proteins (MPs) are challenging to study from a biochemical standpoint owing to the difficulties associated with the isolation of these proteins from the membranes they are embedded in. Even for the expression of closely-related homologues, protocols often require to be adjusted. Prominently, the solubilization step and the stabilization of recombinant proteins during the purification process are key issues, and remain a serious bottleneck. Here, we present a method for the expression and the purification of the human ATP8B1/CDC50A lipid flippase complex. Selection of the right Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain proved to be a critical step for the successful purification of this complex. Likewise, the use of cholesteryl hemisuccinate, a cholesterol analogue, contributed to significantly increase the yield of purification. We hope that the simple method described here can help researchers to succeed in the expression of other mammalian difficult-to-express lipid flippases and, by extension, help in the production of other membrane proteins whose isolation has so far proven difficult.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thibaud Dieudonné
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
- DANDRITE, Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Christine Jaxel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Maylis Lejeune
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR3528, Structural Bioinformatics Unit, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Lenoir
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Cédric Montigny
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kriegenburg F, Huiting W, van Buuren-Broek F, Zwilling E, Hardenberg R, Mari M, Kraft C, Reggiori F. The lipid flippase Drs2 regulates anterograde transport of Atg9 during autophagy. AUTOPHAGY REPORTS 2022; 1:345-367. [PMID: 38106996 PMCID: PMC7615381 DOI: 10.1080/27694127.2022.2104781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is a conserved catabolic pathway during which cellular material is sequestered within newly formed double-membrane vesicles called autophagosomes and delivered to the lytic compartment of eukaryotic cells for degradation. Autophagosome biogenesis depends on the core autophagy-related (Atg) machinery, and involves a massive supply and remodelling of membranes. To gain insight into the lipid remodelling mechanisms during autophagy, we have systematically investigated whether lipid flippases are required for this pathway in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We found that the flippase Drs2, which transfers phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine from the lumenal to the cytosolic leaflet of the limiting membrane at the trans-Golgi network, is required for normal progression of autophagy. We also show that Drs2 is important for the trafficking of the core Atg protein Atg9. Atg9 is a transmembrane protein important for autophagosome biogenesis and its anterograde transport from its post-Golgi reservoirs to the site of autophagosome formation is severely impaired in the absence of Drs2. Thus, our results identify a novel autophagy player and highlight that membrane asymmetry regulates early autophagy steps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Kriegenburg
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University medical Centre Groningen, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS - Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wouter Huiting
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University medical Centre Groningen, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fleur van Buuren-Broek
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University medical Centre Groningen, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Emma Zwilling
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University medical Centre Groningen, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 4, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Ralph Hardenberg
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University medical Centre Groningen, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Muriel Mari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University medical Centre Groningen, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 4, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Claudine Kraft
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS - Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fulvio Reggiori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University medical Centre Groningen, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 4, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Shin HW, Takatsu H. Regulatory Roles of N- and C-Terminal Cytoplasmic Regions of P4-ATPases. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2022; 70:524-532. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c22-00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Won Shin
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
CDC50 Orthologues in Plasmodium falciparum Have Distinct Roles in Merozoite Egress and Trophozoite Maturation. mBio 2022; 13:e0163522. [PMID: 35862778 PMCID: PMC9426505 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01635-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In model organisms, type IV ATPases (P4-ATPases) require cell division control protein 50 (CDC50) chaperones for their phospholipid flipping activity. In the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, guanylyl cyclase alpha (GCα) is an integral membrane protein that is essential for release (egress) of merozoites from their host erythrocytes. GCα is unusual in that it contains both a C-terminal cyclase domain and an N-terminal P4-ATPase domain of unknown function. We sought to investigate whether any of the three CDC50 orthologues (termed A, B, and C) encoded by P. falciparum are required for GCα function. Using gene tagging and conditional gene disruption, we demonstrate that CDC50B and CDC50C but not CDC50A are expressed in the clinically important asexual blood stages and that CDC50B is a binding partner of GCα whereas CDC50C is the binding partner of another putative P4-ATPase, phospholipid-transporting ATPase 2 (ATP2). Our findings indicate that CDC50B has no essential role for intraerythrocytic parasite maturation but modulates the rate of parasite egress by interacting with GCα for optimal cGMP synthesis. In contrast, CDC50C is essential for blood stage trophozoite maturation. Additionally, we find that the CDC50C-ATP2 complex may influence parasite endocytosis of host cell hemoglobin and consequently hemozoin formation.
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang Y, Zhu X, Zhang H, Yan J, Xu P, Wu P, Wu S, Bai C. Mechanism Study of Proteins under Membrane Environment. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12070694. [PMID: 35877897 PMCID: PMC9322369 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12070694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Membrane proteins play crucial roles in various physiological processes, including molecule transport across membranes, cell communication, and signal transduction. Approximately 60% of known drug targets are membrane proteins. There is a significant need to deeply understand the working mechanism of membrane proteins in detail, which is a challenging work due to the lack of available membrane structures and their large spatial scale. Membrane proteins carry out vital physiological functions through conformational changes. In the current study, we utilized a coarse-grained (CG) model to investigate three representative membrane protein systems: the TMEM16A channel, the family C GPCRs mGlu2 receptor, and the P4-ATPase phospholipid transporter. We constructed the reaction pathway of conformational changes between the two-end structures. Energy profiles and energy barriers were calculated. These data could provide reasonable explanations for TMEM16A activation, the mGlu2 receptor activation process, and P4-ATPase phospholipid transport. Although they all belong to the members of membrane proteins, they behave differently in terms of energy. Our work investigated the working mechanism of membrane proteins and could give novel insights into other membrane protein systems of interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- School of Life and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (H.Z.); (J.Y.); (P.X.)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhu
- School of Life and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (H.Z.); (J.Y.); (P.X.)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Honghui Zhang
- School of Life and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (H.Z.); (J.Y.); (P.X.)
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Junfang Yan
- School of Life and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (H.Z.); (J.Y.); (P.X.)
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Peiyi Xu
- School of Life and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (H.Z.); (J.Y.); (P.X.)
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Peng Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China;
| | - Song Wu
- South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518116, China
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (C.B.)
| | - Chen Bai
- School of Life and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (H.Z.); (J.Y.); (P.X.)
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, Shenzhen 518172, China
- Chenzhu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310005, China
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (C.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Honsho M, Mawatari S, Fujiki Y. ATP8B2-Mediated Asymmetric Distribution of Plasmalogens Regulates Plasmalogen Homeostasis and Plays a Role in Intracellular Signaling. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:915457. [PMID: 35832735 PMCID: PMC9271795 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.915457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmalogens are a subclass of glycerophospholipid containing vinyl-ether bond at the sn-1 position of glycerol backbone. Ethanolamine-containing plasmalogens (plasmalogens) are major constituents of cellular membranes in mammalian cells and de novo synthesis of plasmalogens largely contributes to the homeostasis of plasmalogens. Plasmalogen biosynthesis is regulated by a feedback mechanism that senses the plasmalogen level in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane and regulates the stability of fatty acyl-CoA reductase 1 (Far1), a rate-limiting enzyme for plasmalogen biosynthesis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the localization of plasmalogens in cytoplasmic leaflet of plasma membrane remains unknown. To address this issue, we attempted to identify a potential transporter of plasmalogens from the outer to the inner leaflet of plasma membrane by focusing on phospholipid flippases, type-IV P-type adenosine triphosphatases (P4-ATPase), localized in the plasma membranes. We herein show that knockdown of ATP8B2 belonging to the class-1 P4-ATPase enhances localization of plasmalogens but not phosphatidylethanolamine in the extracellular leaflet and impairs plasmalogen-dependent degradation of Far1. Furthermore, phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT) is downregulated by lowering the expression of ATP8B2, which leads to suppression of cell growth. Taken together, these results suggest that enrichment of plasmalogens in the cytoplasmic leaflet of plasma membranes is mediated by ATP8B2 and this asymmetric distribution of plasmalogens is required for sensing plasmalogens as well as phosphorylation of AKT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Honsho
- Department of Neuroinflammation and Brain Fatigue Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Institute of Rheological Functions of Food-Kyushu University Collaboration Program, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- *Correspondence: Masanori Honsho, ; Yukio Fujiki,
| | - Shiro Mawatari
- Institute of Rheological Functions of Food, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiki
- Institute of Rheological Functions of Food-Kyushu University Collaboration Program, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Masanori Honsho, ; Yukio Fujiki,
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gibson AR, Sateriale A, Dumaine JE, Engiles JB, Pardy RD, Gullicksrud JA, O’Dea KM, Doench JG, Beiting DP, Hunter CA, Striepen B. A genetic screen identifies a protective type III interferon response to Cryptosporidium that requires TLR3 dependent recognition. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010003. [PMID: 35584177 PMCID: PMC9154123 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptosporidium is a leading cause of severe diarrhea and diarrheal-related death in children worldwide. As an obligate intracellular parasite, Cryptosporidium relies on intestinal epithelial cells to provide a niche for its growth and survival, but little is known about the contributions that the infected cell makes to this relationship. Here we conducted a genome wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screen to discover host genes that influence Cryptosporidium parvum infection and/or host cell survival. Gene enrichment analysis indicated that the host interferon response, glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor biosynthesis are important determinants of susceptibility to C. parvum infection and impact on the viability of host cells in the context of parasite infection. Several of these pathways are linked to parasite attachment and invasion and C-type lectins on the surface of the parasite. Evaluation of transcript and protein induction of innate interferons revealed a pronounced type III interferon response to Cryptosporidium in human cells as well as in mice. Treatment of mice with IFNλ reduced infection burden and protected immunocompromised mice from severe outcomes including death, with effects that required STAT1 signaling in the enterocyte. Initiation of this type III interferon response was dependent on sustained intracellular growth and mediated by the pattern recognition receptor TLR3. We conclude that host cell intrinsic recognition of Cryptosporidium results in IFNλ production critical to early protection against this infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis R. Gibson
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Adam Sateriale
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jennifer E. Dumaine
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Julie B. Engiles
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Pathobiology, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ryan D. Pardy
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jodi A. Gullicksrud
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Keenan M. O’Dea
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - John G. Doench
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Daniel P. Beiting
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. Hunter
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Boris Striepen
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lipid Dyshomeostasis and Inherited Cerebellar Ataxia. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:3800-3828. [PMID: 35420383 PMCID: PMC9148275 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02826-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Cerebellar ataxia is a form of ataxia that originates from dysfunction of the cerebellum, but may involve additional neurological tissues. Its clinical symptoms are mainly characterized by the absence of voluntary muscle coordination and loss of control of movement with varying manifestations due to differences in severity, in the site of cerebellar damage and in the involvement of extracerebellar tissues. Cerebellar ataxia may be sporadic, acquired, and hereditary. Hereditary ataxia accounts for the majority of cases. Hereditary ataxia has been tentatively divided into several subtypes by scientists in the field, and nearly all of them remain incurable. This is mainly because the detailed mechanisms of these cerebellar disorders are incompletely understood. To precisely diagnose and treat these diseases, studies on their molecular mechanisms have been conducted extensively in the past. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that some common pathogenic mechanisms exist within each subtype of inherited ataxia. However, no reports have indicated whether there is a common mechanism among the different subtypes of inherited cerebellar ataxia. In this review, we summarize the available references and databases on neurological disorders characterized by cerebellar ataxia and show that a subset of genes involved in lipid homeostasis form a new group that may cause ataxic disorders through a common mechanism. This common signaling pathway can provide a valuable reference for future diagnosis and treatment of ataxic disorders.
Collapse
|
25
|
Dieudonné T, Herrera SA, Laursen MJ, Lejeune M, Stock C, Slimani K, Jaxel C, Lyons JA, Montigny C, Pomorski TG, Nissen P, Lenoir G. Autoinhibition and regulation by phosphoinositides of ATP8B1, a human lipid flippase associated with intrahepatic cholestatic disorders. eLife 2022; 11:75272. [PMID: 35416773 PMCID: PMC9045818 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
P4-ATPases flip lipids from the exoplasmic to the cytosolic leaflet, thus maintaining lipid asymmetry in eukaryotic cell membranes. Mutations in several human P4-ATPase genes are associated with severe diseases, for example in ATP8B1 causing progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis, a rare inherited disorder progressing toward liver failure. ATP8B1 forms a binary complex with CDC50A and displays a broad specificity to glycerophospholipids, but regulatory mechanisms are unknown. Here, we report functional studies and the cryo-EM structure of the human lipid flippase ATP8B1-CDC50A at 3.1 Å resolution. We find that ATP8B1 is autoinhibited by its N- and C-terminal tails, which form extensive interactions with the catalytic sites and flexible domain interfaces. Consistently, ATP hydrolysis is unleashed by truncation of the C-terminus, but also requires phosphoinositides, most markedly phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-phosphate (PI(3,4,5)P3), and removal of both N- and C-termini results in full activation. Restored inhibition of ATP8B1 truncation constructs with a synthetic peptide mimicking the C-terminal segment further suggests molecular communication between N- and C-termini in the autoinhibition and demonstrates that the regulatory mechanism can be interfered with by exogenous compounds. A recurring (G/A)(Y/F)AFS motif of the C-terminal segment suggests that this mechanism is employed widely across P4-ATPase lipid flippases in plasma membrane and endomembranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thibaud Dieudonné
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sara Abad Herrera
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Maylis Lejeune
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Charlott Stock
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kahina Slimani
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Christine Jaxel
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Joseph A Lyons
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Cédric Montigny
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Poul Nissen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Guillaume Lenoir
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Structural insights into the activation of autoinhibited human lipid flippase ATP8B1 upon substrate binding. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2118656119. [PMID: 35349344 PMCID: PMC9168909 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2118656119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP8B1 is a P4 ATPase that maintains membrane asymmetry by transporting phospholipids across the cell membrane. Disturbance of lipid asymmetry will lead to the imbalance of the cell membrane and eventually, cell death. Thus, defects in ATP8B1 are usually associated with severe human diseases, such as intrahepatic cholestasis. The present structures of ATP8B1 complexed with its auxiliary noncatalytic partners CDC50A and CDC50B reveal an autoinhibited state of ATP8B1 that could be released upon substrate binding. Moreover, release of this autoinhibition could be facilitated by the bile acids, which are key factors that alter the membrane asymmetry of hepatocytes. This enabled us to figure out a feedback loop of bile acids and lipids across the cell membrane. The human P4 ATPase ATP8B1 in complex with the auxiliary noncatalytic protein CDC50A or CDC50B mediates the transport of cell-membrane lipids from the outer to the inner membrane leaflet, which is crucial to maintain the asymmetry of membrane lipids. Its dysfunction usually leads to an imbalance of bile-acid circulation and eventually causes intrahepatic cholestasis diseases. Here, we found that both ATP8B1–CDC50A and ATP8B1–CDC50B possess a higher ATPase activity in the presence of the most favored substrate phosphatidylserine (PS), and, moreover, that the PS-stimulated activity could be augmented upon the addition of bile acids. The 3.4-Å cryo-electron microscopy structures of ATP8B1–CDC50A and ATP8B1–CDC50B enabled us to capture a phosphorylated and autoinhibited state, with the N- and C-terminal tails separately inserted into the cytoplasmic interdomain clefts of ATP8B1. The PS-bound ATP8B1–CDC50A structure at 4.0-Å resolution indicated that the autoinhibited state could be released upon PS binding. Structural analysis combined with mutagenesis revealed the residues that determine the substrate specificity and a unique positively charged loop in the phosphorylated domain of ATP8B1 for the recruitment of bile acids. Together, we supplemented the Post–Albers transport cycle of P4 ATPases with an extra autoinhibited state of ATP8B1, which could be activated upon substrate binding. These findings not only provide structural insights into the ATP8B1-mediated restoration of human membrane lipid asymmetry during bile-acid circulation, but also advance our understanding of the molecular mechanism of P4 ATPases.
Collapse
|
27
|
Pater JA, Penney C, O'Rielly DD, Griffin A, Kamal L, Brownstein Z, Vona B, Vinkler C, Shohat M, Barel O, French CR, Singh S, Werdyani S, Burt T, Abdelfatah N, Houston J, Doucette LP, Squires J, Glaser F, Roslin NM, Vincent D, Marquis P, Woodland G, Benoukraf T, Hawkey-Noble A, Avraham KB, Stanton SG, Young TL. Autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss maps to DFNA33 (13q34) and co-segregates with splice and frameshift variants in ATP11A, a phospholipid flippase gene. Hum Genet 2022; 141:431-444. [PMID: 35278131 PMCID: PMC9035003 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-022-02444-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sequencing exomes/genomes have been successful for identifying recessive genes; however, discovery of dominant genes including deafness genes (DFNA) remains challenging. We report a new DFNA gene, ATP11A, in a Newfoundland family with a variable form of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Genome-wide SNP genotyping linked SNHL to DFNA33 (LOD = 4.77), a locus on 13q34 previously mapped in a German family with variable SNHL. Whole-genome sequencing identified 51 unremarkable positional variants on 13q34. Continuous clinical ascertainment identified several key recombination events and reduced the disease interval to 769 kb, excluding all but one variant. ATP11A (NC_000013.11: chr13:113534963G>A) is a novel variant predicted to be a cryptic donor splice site. RNA studies verified in silico predictions, revealing the retention of 153 bp of intron in the 3' UTR of several ATP11A isoforms. Two unresolved families from Israel were subsequently identified with a similar, variable form of SNHL and a novel duplication (NM_032189.3:c.3322_3327+2dupGTCCAGGT) in exon 28 of ATP11A extended exon 28 by 8 bp, leading to a frameshift and premature stop codon (p.Asn1110Valfs43Ter). ATP11A is a type of P4-ATPase that transports (flip) phospholipids from the outer to inner leaflet of cell membranes to maintain asymmetry. Haploinsufficiency of ATP11A, the phospholipid flippase that specially transports phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), could leave cells with PS/PE at the extracellular side vulnerable to phagocytic degradation. Given that surface PS can be pharmaceutically targeted, hearing loss due to ATP11A could potentially be treated. It is also likely that ATP11A is the gene underlying DFNA33.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin A Pater
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cindy Penney
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
- Centre for Translational Genomics, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Dr., St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Darren D O'Rielly
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
- Centre for Translational Genomics, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Dr., St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Anne Griffin
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Lara Kamal
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Zippora Brownstein
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Barbara Vona
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Chana Vinkler
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Wolfson Medical Center, 58100, Holon, Israel
| | - Mordechai Shohat
- Bioinformatic Center, Cancer Research Institute, The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ortal Barel
- Bioinformatic Center, Cancer Research Institute, The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Curtis R French
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Sushma Singh
- Communication Sciences and Disorders, Elborn College, Western University, 1201 Western Road, London, ON, Canada
| | - Salem Werdyani
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Taylor Burt
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Nelly Abdelfatah
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Jim Houston
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Lance P Doucette
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Jessica Squires
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Fabian Glaser
- The Lorry I. Lokey Center for Life Sciences and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Nicole M Roslin
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Vincent
- Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, McGill University, 740 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pascale Marquis
- Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Center, 740 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Geoffrey Woodland
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Touati Benoukraf
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Alexia Hawkey-Noble
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Susan G Stanton
- Communication Sciences and Disorders, Elborn College, Western University, 1201 Western Road, London, ON, Canada
| | - Terry-Lynn Young
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada.
- Centre for Translational Genomics, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Dr., St. John's, NL, Canada.
- Communication Sciences and Disorders, Elborn College, Western University, 1201 Western Road, London, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Conformational changes of a phosphatidylcholine flippase in lipid membranes. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110518. [PMID: 35294892 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 4 P-type ATPases (P4-ATPases) actively and selectively translocate phospholipids across membrane bilayers. Driven by ATP hydrolysis, P4-ATPases undergo conformational changes during lipid flipping. It is unclear how the active flipping states of P4-ATPases are regulated in the lipid membranes, especially for phosphatidylcholine (PC)-flipping P4-ATPases whose substrate, PC, is a substantial component of membranes. Here, we report the cryoelectron microscopy structures of a yeast PC-flipping P4-ATPase, Dnf1, in lipid environments. In native yeast lipids, Dnf1 adopts a conformation in which the lipid flipping pathway is disrupted. Only when the lipid composition is changed can Dnf1 be captured in the active conformations that enable lipid flipping. These results suggest that, in the native membrane, Dnf1 may stay in an idle conformation that is unable to support the trans-membrane movement of lipids. Dnf1 may have altered conformational preferences in membranes with different lipid compositions.
Collapse
|
29
|
Lipid flippase dysfunction as a therapeutic target for endosomal anomalies in Alzheimer’s disease. iScience 2022; 25:103869. [PMID: 35243232 PMCID: PMC8857600 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Endosomal anomalies because of vesicular traffic impairment have been indicated as an early pathology of Alzheimer’| disease (AD). However, the mechanisms and therapeutic targets remain unclear. We previously reported that βCTF, one of the pathogenic metabolites of APP, interacts with TMEM30A. TMEM30A constitutes a lipid flippase with P4-ATPase and regulates vesicular trafficking through the asymmetric distribution of phospholipids. Therefore, the alteration of lipid flippase activity in AD pathology has got attention. Herein, we showed that the interaction between βCTF and TMEM30A suppresses the physiological formation and activity of lipid flippase in AD model cells, A7, and AppNL−G-F/NL−G-F model mice. Furthermore, the T-RAP peptide derived from the βCTF binding site of TMEM30A improved endosomal anomalies, which could be a result of the restored lipid flippase activity. Our results provide insights into the mechanisms of vesicular traffic impairment and suggest a therapeutic target for AD. Interaction between βCTF and TMEM30A mediates endosomal anomalies Accumulated βCTF impairs lipid flippase function, a regulator of vesicle transport Age-dependent lipid flippase disorder can precede Aβ deposition in AD model mice βCTF interacting peptide, 'T-RAP′ can improve βCTF mediated endosomal anomalies
Collapse
|
30
|
Grifell-Junyent M, Baum JF, Välimets S, Herrmann A, Paulusma CC, López-Marqués RL, Günther Pomorski T. CDC50A is required for aminophospholipid transport and cell fusion in mouse C2C12 myoblasts. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:jcs258649. [PMID: 34664668 PMCID: PMC10405909 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Myoblast fusion is essential for the formation of multinucleated muscle fibers and is promoted by transient changes in the plasma membrane lipid distribution. However, little is known about the lipid transporters regulating these dynamic changes. Here, we show that proliferating myoblasts exhibit an aminophospholipid flippase activity that is downregulated during differentiation. Deletion of the P4-ATPase flippase subunit CDC50A (also known as TMEM30A) results in loss of the aminophospholipid flippase activity and compromises actin remodeling, RAC1 GTPase membrane targeting and cell fusion. In contrast, deletion of the P4-ATPase ATP11A affects aminophospholipid uptake without having a strong impact on cell fusion. Our results demonstrate that myoblast fusion depends on CDC50A and may involve multiple CDC50A-dependent P4-ATPases that help to regulate actin remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Grifell-Junyent
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Julia F. Baum
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Silja Välimets
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Institut für Biologie, Molekulare Biophysik, IRI Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Coen C. Paulusma
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rosa L. López-Marqués
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Thomas Günther Pomorski
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Stanchev LD, Rizzo J, Peschel R, Pazurek LA, Bredegaard L, Veit S, Laerbusch S, Rodrigues ML, López-Marqués RL, Günther Pomorski T. P-Type ATPase Apt1 of the Fungal Pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans Is a Lipid Flippase of Broad Substrate Specificity. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7100843. [PMID: 34682264 PMCID: PMC8537059 DOI: 10.3390/jof7100843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid flippases of the P4-ATPase family are ATP-driven transporters that translocate lipids from the exoplasmic to the cytosolic leaflet of biological membranes. In the encapsulated fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans, the P4-ATPase Apt1p is an important regulator of polysaccharide secretion and pathogenesis, but its biochemical characterization is lacking. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Apt1p belongs to the subclade of P4A-ATPases characterized by the common requirement for a β-subunit. Using heterologous expression in S. cerevisiae, we demonstrate that Apt1p forms a heterodimeric complex with the C. neoformans Cdc50 protein. This association is required for both localization and activity of the transporter complex. Lipid flippase activity of the heterodimeric complex was assessed by complementation tests and uptake assays employing fluorescent lipids and revealed a broad substrate specificity, including several phospholipids, the alkylphospholipid miltefosine, and the glycolipids glucosyl- and galactosylceramide. Our results suggest that transbilayer lipid transport in C. neoformans is finely regulated to promote fungal virulence, which reinforces the potential of Apt1p as a target for antifungal drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lyubomir Dimitrov Stanchev
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany; (L.D.S.); (R.P.); (L.A.P.); (S.V.); (S.L.)
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark; (L.B.); (R.L.L.-M.)
| | - Juliana Rizzo
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes (IMPG), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.R.); (M.L.R.)
- Unité Biologie des ARN des Pathogènes Fongiques, Département de Mycologie, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Rebecca Peschel
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany; (L.D.S.); (R.P.); (L.A.P.); (S.V.); (S.L.)
| | - Lilli A. Pazurek
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany; (L.D.S.); (R.P.); (L.A.P.); (S.V.); (S.L.)
| | - Lasse Bredegaard
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark; (L.B.); (R.L.L.-M.)
| | - Sarina Veit
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany; (L.D.S.); (R.P.); (L.A.P.); (S.V.); (S.L.)
| | - Sabine Laerbusch
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany; (L.D.S.); (R.P.); (L.A.P.); (S.V.); (S.L.)
| | - Marcio L. Rodrigues
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes (IMPG), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.R.); (M.L.R.)
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz, Curitiba 81310-020, Brazil
| | - Rosa L. López-Marqués
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark; (L.B.); (R.L.L.-M.)
| | - Thomas Günther Pomorski
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany; (L.D.S.); (R.P.); (L.A.P.); (S.V.); (S.L.)
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark; (L.B.); (R.L.L.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-234-32-24430
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sun KX, Jiang XY, Li X, Su YJ, Wang JL, Zhang L, Yang YM, Zhu XJ. Deletion of phosphatidylserine flippase β-subunit Tmem30a in satellite cells leads to delayed skeletal muscle regeneration. Zool Res 2021; 42:650-659. [PMID: 34472226 PMCID: PMC8455468 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2021.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylserine (PS) is distributed asymmetrically in the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells. Phosphatidylserine flippase (P4-ATPase) transports PS from the outer leaflet of the lipid bilayer to the inner leaflet of the membrane to maintain PS asymmetry. The β subunit TMEM30A is indispensable for transport and proper function of P4-ATPase. Previous studies have shown that the ATP11A and TMEM30A complex is the molecular switch for myotube formation. However, the role of Tmem30a in skeletal muscle regeneration remains elusive. In the current study, Tmem30a was highly expressed in the tibialis anterior (TA) muscles of dystrophin-null (mdx) mice and BaCl2-induced muscle injury model mice. We generated a satellite cell (SC)-specific Tmem30a conditional knockout (cKO) mouse model to investigate the role of Tmem30a in skeletal muscle regeneration. The regenerative ability of cKO mice was evaluated by analyzing the number and diameter of regenerated SCs after the TA muscles were injured by BaCl2-injection. Compared to the control mice, the cKO mice showed decreased Pax7+ and MYH3+ SCs, indicating diminished SC proliferation, and decreased expression of muscular regulatory factors (MYOD and MYOG), suggesting impaired myoblast proliferation in skeletal muscle regeneration. Taken together, these results demonstrate the essential role of Tmem30a in skeletal muscle regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Xiang Sun
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China.,Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China.,Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072 China
| | - Xiao-Yan Jiang
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China.,Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China.,Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Yu-Jing Su
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Ju-Lin Wang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Ye-Ming Yang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Xian-Jun Zhu
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China.,Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China.,Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072 China.,Department of Ophthalmology, First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu, Henan 476000, China.,Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
López-Marqués RL. Lipid flippases as key players in plant adaptation to their environment. NATURE PLANTS 2021; 7:1188-1199. [PMID: 34531559 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-021-00993-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lipid flippases (P4 ATPases) are active transporters that catalyse the translocation of lipids between the two sides of the biological membranes in the secretory pathway. This activity modulates biological membrane properties, contributes to vesicle formation, and is the trigger for lipid signalling events, which makes P4 ATPases essential for eukaryotic cell survival. Plant P4 ATPases (also known as aminophospholipid ATPases (ALAs)) are crucial for plant fertility and proper development, and are involved in key adaptive responses to biotic and abiotic stress, including chilling tolerance, heat adaptation, nutrient deficiency responses and pathogen defence. While ALAs present many analogies to mammalian and yeast P4 ATPases, they also show characteristic features as the result of their independent evolution. In this Review, the main properties, roles, regulation and mechanisms of action of ALA proteins are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa L López-Marqués
- Department for Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ressurreição M, van Ooij C. Lipid transport proteins in malaria, from Plasmodium parasites to their hosts. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1866:159047. [PMID: 34461309 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.159047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryotic unicellular pathogens from the genus Plasmodium are the etiological agents of malaria, a disease that persists over a wide range of vertebrate species, including humans. During its dynamic lifecycle, survival in the different hosts depends on the parasite's ability to establish a suitable environmental milieu. To achieve this, specific host processes are exploited to support optimal growth, including extensive modifications to the infected host cell. These modifications include the formation of novel membranous structures, which are induced by the parasite. Consequently, to maintain a finely tuned and dynamic lipid environment, the organisation and distribution of lipids to different cell sites likely requires specialised lipid transfer proteins (LTPs). Indeed, several parasite and host-derived LTPs have been identified and shown to be essential at specific stages. Here we describe the roles of LTPs in parasite development and adaptation to its host including how the latest studies are profiting from the improved genetic, lipidomic and imaging toolkits available to study Plasmodium parasites. Lastly, a list of predicted Plasmodium LTPs is provided to encourage research in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Ressurreição
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom.
| | - Christiaan van Ooij
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cioffi F, Adam RHI, Bansal R, Broersen K. A Review of Oxidative Stress Products and Related Genes in Early Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 83:977-1001. [PMID: 34420962 PMCID: PMC8543250 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is associated with the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Reactive oxygen species can modify lipids, DNA, RNA, and proteins in the brain. The products of their peroxidation and oxidation are readily detectable at incipient stages of disease. Based on these oxidation products, various biomarker-based strategies have been developed to identify oxidative stress levels in AD. Known oxidative stress-related biomarkers include lipid peroxidation products F2-isoprostanes, as well as malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal which both conjugate to specific amino acids to modify proteins, and DNA or RNA oxidation products 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHG), respectively. The inducible enzyme heme oxygenase type 1 (HO-1) is found to be upregulated in response to oxidative stress-related events in the AD brain. While these global biomarkers for oxidative stress are associated with early-stage AD, they generally poorly differentiate from other neurodegenerative disorders that also coincide with oxidative stress. Redox proteomics approaches provided specificity of oxidative stress-associated biomarkers to AD pathology by the identification of oxidatively damaged pathology-specific proteins. In this review, we discuss the potential combined diagnostic value of these reported biomarkers in the context of AD and discuss eight oxidative stress-related mRNA biomarkers in AD that we newly identified using a transcriptomics approach. We review these genes in the context of their reported involvement in oxidative stress regulation and specificity for AD. Further research is warranted to establish the protein levels and their functionalities as well as the molecular mechanisms by which these potential biomarkers are involved in regulation of oxidative stress levels and their potential for determination of oxidative stress and disease status of AD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Cioffi
- Department of Nanobiophysics, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Rayan Hassan Ibrahim Adam
- Department of Nanobiophysics, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Ruchi Bansal
- Department of Medical Cell Biophysics, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.,Department of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology, and Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kerensa Broersen
- Department of Applied Stem Cell Technologies, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lamy A, Macarini-Bruzaferro E, Dieudonné T, Perálvarez-Marín A, Lenoir G, Montigny C, le Maire M, Vázquez-Ibar JL. ATP2, The essential P4-ATPase of malaria parasites, catalyzes lipid-stimulated ATP hydrolysis in complex with a Cdc50 β-subunit. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 10:132-147. [PMID: 33372863 PMCID: PMC7832587 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1870413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Gene targeting approaches have demonstrated the essential role for the malaria parasite of membrane transport proteins involved in lipid transport and in the maintenance of membrane lipid asymmetry, representing emerging oportunites for therapeutical intervention. This is the case of ATP2, a Plasmodium-encoded 4 P-type ATPase (P4-ATPase or lipid flippase), whose activity is completely irreplaceable during the asexual stages of the parasite. Moreover, a recent chemogenomic study has situated ATP2 as the possible target of two antimalarial drug candidates. In eukaryotes, P4-ATPases assure the asymmetric phospholipid distribution in membranes by translocating phospholipids from the outer to the inner leaflet. In this work, we have used a recombinantly-produced P. chabaudi ATP2 (PcATP2), to gain insights into the function and structural organization of this essential transporter. Our work demonstrates that PcATP2 associates with two of the three Plasmodium-encoded Cdc50 proteins: PcCdc50B and PcCdc50A. Purified PcATP2/PcCdc50B complex displays ATPase activity in the presence of either phosphatidylserine or phosphatidylethanolamine. In addition, this activity is upregulated by phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate. Overall, our work describes the first biochemical characterization of a Plasmodium lipid flippase, a first step towards the understanding of the essential physiological role of this transporter and towards its validation as a potential antimalarial drug target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Lamy
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ewerton Macarini-Bruzaferro
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Department of Clinical Medicine (FMUSP), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thibaud Dieudonné
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,DANDRITE, Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Alex Perálvarez-Marín
- Biophysics Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Spain
| | - Guillaume Lenoir
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Cédric Montigny
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marc le Maire
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - José Luis Vázquez-Ibar
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kishimoto T, Mioka T, Itoh E, Williams DE, Andersen RJ, Tanaka K. Phospholipid flippases and Sfk1 are essential for the retention of ergosterol in the plasma membrane. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:1374-1392. [PMID: 34038161 PMCID: PMC8694040 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-11-0699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sterols are important lipid components of the plasma membrane (PM) in eukaryotic cells, but it is unknown how the PM retains sterols at a high concentration. Phospholipids are asymmetrically distributed in the PM, and phospholipid flippases play an important role in generating this phospholipid asymmetry. Here, we provide evidence that phospholipid flippases are essential for retaining ergosterol in the PM of yeast. A mutant in three flippases, Dnf1-Lem3, Dnf2-Lem3, and Dnf3-Crf1, and a membrane protein, Sfk1, showed a severe growth defect. We recently identified Sfk1 as a PM protein involved in phospholipid asymmetry. The PM of this mutant showed high permeability and low density. Staining with the sterol probe filipin and the expression of a sterol biosensor revealed that ergosterol was not retained in the PM. Instead, ergosterol accumulated in an esterified form in lipid droplets. We propose that ergosterol is retained in the PM by the asymmetrical distribution of phospholipids and the action of Sfk1. Once phospholipid asymmetry is severely disrupted, sterols might be exposed on the cytoplasmic leaflet of the PM and actively transported to the endoplasmic reticulum by sterol transfer proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Kishimoto
- Division of Molecular Interaction, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Life Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0815, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Mioka
- Division of Molecular Interaction, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Life Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0815, Japan
| | - Eriko Itoh
- Division of Molecular Interaction, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Life Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0815, Japan
| | - David E. Williams
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Raymond J. Andersen
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kazuma Tanaka
- Division of Molecular Interaction, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Life Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0815, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Liu W, Peng L, Tian W, Li Y, Zhang P, Sun K, Yang Y, Li X, Li G, Zhu X. Loss of phosphatidylserine flippase β-subunit Tmem30a in podocytes leads to albuminuria and glomerulosclerosis. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:268980. [PMID: 34080006 PMCID: PMC8246268 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.048777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The asymmetric distribution of phosphatidylserine (PS) in the cytoplasmic leaflet of eukaryotic cell plasma membranes is regulated by a group of P4-ATPases (named PS flippases) and the β-subunit TMEM30A. Podocytes in the glomerulus form a filtration barrier to prevent the traversing of large cellular elements and macromolecules from the blood into the urinary space. Damage to podocytes can disrupt the filtration barrier and lead to proteinuria and podocytopathy. We observed reduced TMEM30A expression in patients with minimal change disease and membranous nephropathy, indicating potential roles of TMEM30A in podocytopathy. To investigate the role of Tmem30a in the kidney, we generated a podocyte-specific Tmem30a knockout (KO) mouse model using the NPHS2-Cre line. Tmem30a KO mice displayed albuminuria, podocyte degeneration, mesangial cell proliferation with prominent extracellular matrix accumulation and eventual progression to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Our data demonstrate a critical role of Tmem30a in maintaining podocyte survival and glomerular filtration barrier integrity. Understanding the dynamic regulation of the PS distribution in the glomerulus provides a unique perspective to pinpointing the mechanism of podocyte damage and potential therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Liu
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China.,The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Lei Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Wanli Tian
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Kuanxiang Sun
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Yeming Yang
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Guisen Li
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Xianjun Zhu
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China.,The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China.,Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China.,Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Shangqiu First People's Hospital, Shangqiu, Henan 476000, China.,Natural Products Research Center, Institute of Chengdu Biology, Sichuan Translational Medicine Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yang Y, Sun K, Liu W, Li X, Tian W, Shuai P, Zhu X. The phosphatidylserine flippase β-subunit Tmem30a is essential for normal insulin maturation and secretion. Mol Ther 2021; 29:2854-2872. [PMID: 33895325 PMCID: PMC8417432 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The processing, maturation, and secretion of insulin are under precise regulation, and dysregulation causes profound defects in glucose handling, leading to diabetes. Tmem30a is the β subunit of the phosphatidylserine (PS) flippase, which maintains the membrane asymmetric distribution of PS. Tmem30a regulates cell survival and the localization of subcellular structures and is thus critical to the normal function of multiple physiological systems. Here, we show that conditional knockout of Tmem30a specifically in pancreatic islet β cells leads to obesity, hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance in mice, due to insufficient insulin release. Moreover, we reveal that Tmem30a plays an essential role in clathrin-mediated vesicle transport between the trans Golgi network (TGN) and the plasma membrane (PM), which comprises immature secretory granule (ISG) budding at the TGN. We also find that Tmem30a deficiency impairs clathrin-mediated vesicle budding and thus blocks both insulin maturation in ISGs and the transport of glucose-sensing Glut2 to the PM. Collectively, these disruptions compromise both insulin secretion and glucose sensitivity, thus contributing to impairments in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Taken together, our data demonstrate an important role of Tmem30a in insulin maturation and glucose metabolic homeostasis and suggest the importance of membrane phospholipid distribution in metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeming Yang
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China; The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Kuanxiang Sun
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Xiao Li
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Wanli Tian
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Ping Shuai
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China; The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China; Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072 China.
| | - Xianjun Zhu
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China; The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China; Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China; Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072 China; Natural Products Research Center, Institute of Chengdu Biology, Sichuan Translational Medicine Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China; Department of Ophthalmology, First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu, Hennan 476100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
The transport mechanism of P4 ATPase lipid flippases. Biochem J 2021; 477:3769-3790. [PMID: 33045059 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
P4 ATPase lipid flippases are ATP-driven transporters that translocate specific lipids from the exoplasmic to the cytosolic leaflet of biological membranes, thus establishing a lipid gradient between the two leaflets that is essential for many cellular processes. While substrate specificity, subcellular and tissue-specific expression, and physiological functions have been assigned to a number of these transporters in several organisms, the mechanism of lipid transport has been a topic of intense debate in the field. The recent publication of a series of structural models based on X-ray crystallography and cryo-EM studies has provided the first glimpse into how P4 ATPases have adapted the transport mechanism used by the cation-pumping family members to accommodate a substrate that is at least an order of magnitude larger than cations.
Collapse
|
41
|
Affiliation(s)
- Yilin He
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jinkun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaofei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Long Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Clarke R, Hossain K, Cao K. Physiological roles of transverse lipid asymmetry of animal membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183382. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
43
|
Tadini-Buoninsegni F. Protein Adsorption on Solid Supported Membranes: Monitoring the Transport Activity of P-Type ATPases. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184167. [PMID: 32933017 PMCID: PMC7570688 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
P-type ATPases are a large family of membrane transporters that are found in all forms of life. These enzymes couple ATP hydrolysis to the transport of various ions or phospholipids across cellular membranes, thereby generating and maintaining crucial electrochemical potential gradients. P-type ATPases have been studied by a variety of methods that have provided a wealth of information about the structure, function, and regulation of this class of enzymes. Among the many techniques used to investigate P-type ATPases, the electrical method based on solid supported membranes (SSM) was employed to investigate the transport mechanism of various ion pumps. In particular, the SSM method allows the direct measurement of charge movements generated by the ATPase following adsorption of the membrane-bound enzyme on the SSM surface and chemical activation by a substrate concentration jump. This kind of measurement was useful to identify electrogenic partial reactions and localize ion translocation in the reaction cycle of the membrane transporter. In the present review, we discuss how the SSM method has contributed to investigate some key features of the transport mechanism of P-type ATPases, with a special focus on sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase, mammalian Cu+-ATPases (ATP7A and ATP7B), and phospholipid flippase ATP8A2.
Collapse
|
44
|
Okamoto S, Naito T, Shigetomi R, Kosugi Y, Nakayama K, Takatsu H, Shin HW. The N- or C-terminal cytoplasmic regions of P4-ATPases determine their cellular localization. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 31:2115-2124. [PMID: 32614659 PMCID: PMC7530900 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-04-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian P4-ATPases specifically localize to the plasma membrane and the membranes of intracellular compartments. P4-ATPases contain 10 transmembrane domains, and their N- and C-terminal (NT and CT) regions face the cytoplasm. Among the ATP10 and ATP11 proteins of P4-ATPases, ATP10A, ATP10D, ATP11A, and ATP11C localize to the plasma membrane, while ATP10B and ATP11B localize to late endosomes and early/recycling endosomes, respectively. We previously showed that the NT region of ATP9B is critical for its localization to the Golgi apparatus, while the CT regions of ATP11C isoforms are critical for Ca2+-dependent endocytosis or polarized localization at the plasma membrane. Here, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of chimeric proteins and found that the NT region of ATP10 proteins and the CT region of ATP11 proteins are responsible for their specific subcellular localization. Importantly, the ATP10B NT and the ATP11B CT regions were found to harbor a trafficking and/or targeting signal that allows these P4-ATPases to localize to late endosomes and early/recycling endosomes, respectively. Moreover, dileucine residues in the NT region of ATP10B were required for its trafficking to endosomal compartments. These results suggest that the NT and CT sequences of P4-ATPases play a key role in their intracellular trafficking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayuri Okamoto
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tomoki Naito
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ryo Shigetomi
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kosugi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Nakayama
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takatsu
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hye-Won Shin
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Disease Mutation Study Identifies Critical Residues for Phosphatidylserine Flippase ATP11A. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:7342817. [PMID: 32596364 PMCID: PMC7288202 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7342817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylserine flippase (P4-ATPase) transports PS from the outer to the inner leaflet of the lipid bilayer in the membrane to maintain PS asymmetry, which is important for biological activities of the cell. ATP11A is expressed in multiple tissues and plays a role in myotube formation. However, the detailed cellular function of ATP11A remains elusive. Mutation analysis revealed that I91, L308, and E897 residues in ATP8A2 are important for flippase activity. In order to investigate the roles of these corresponding amino acid residues in ATP11A protein, we assessed the expression and cellular localization of the respective ATP11A mutant proteins. ATP11A mainly localizes to the Golgi and plasma membrane when coexpressed with the β-subunit of the complex TMEM30A. Y300F mutation causes reduced ATP11A expression, and Y300F and D913K mutations affect correct localization of the Golgi and plasma membrane. In addition, Y300F and D913K mutations also affect PS flippase activity. Our data provides insight into important residues of ATP11A.
Collapse
|
46
|
Nakanishi H, Irie K, Segawa K, Hasegawa K, Fujiyoshi Y, Nagata S, Abe K. Crystal structure of a human plasma membrane phospholipid flippase. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:10180-10194. [PMID: 32493773 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP11C, a member of the P4-ATPase flippase, translocates phosphatidylserine from the outer to the inner plasma membrane leaflet, and maintains the asymmetric distribution of phosphatidylserine in the living cell. We present the crystal structures of a human plasma membrane flippase, ATP11C-CDC50A complex, in a stabilized E2P conformation. The structure revealed a deep longitudinal crevice along transmembrane helices continuing from the cell surface to the phospholipid occlusion site in the middle of the membrane. We observed that the extension of the crevice on the exoplasmic side is open, and the complex is therefore in an outward-open E2P state, similar to a recently reported cryo-EM structure of yeast flippase Drs2p-Cdc50p complex. We noted extra densities, most likely bound phosphatidylserines, in the crevice and in its extension to the extracellular side. One was close to the phosphatidylserine occlusion site as previously reported for the human ATP8A1-CDC50A complex, and the other in a cavity at the surface of the exoplasmic leaflet of the bilayer. Substitutions in either of the binding sites or along the path between them impaired specific ATPase and transport activities. These results provide evidence that the observed crevice is the conduit along that phosphatidylserine traverses from the outer leaflet to its occlusion site in the membrane and suggest that the exoplasmic cavity is important for phospholipid recognition. They also yield insights into how phosphatidylserine is incorporated from the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane into the transmembrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanayo Nakanishi
- Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Katsumasa Irie
- Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Katsumori Segawa
- WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuya Hasegawa
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiyoshi
- TMDU Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,CeSPIA Inc, 2-1-1, Otemachi, Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigekazu Nagata
- WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Abe
- Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan .,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Won Shin
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takatsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Collin GB, Gogna N, Chang B, Damkham N, Pinkney J, Hyde LF, Stone L, Naggert JK, Nishina PM, Krebs MP. Mouse Models of Inherited Retinal Degeneration with Photoreceptor Cell Loss. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040931. [PMID: 32290105 PMCID: PMC7227028 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited retinal degeneration (RD) leads to the impairment or loss of vision in millions of individuals worldwide, most frequently due to the loss of photoreceptor (PR) cells. Animal models, particularly the laboratory mouse, have been used to understand the pathogenic mechanisms that underlie PR cell loss and to explore therapies that may prevent, delay, or reverse RD. Here, we reviewed entries in the Mouse Genome Informatics and PubMed databases to compile a comprehensive list of monogenic mouse models in which PR cell loss is demonstrated. The progression of PR cell loss with postnatal age was documented in mutant alleles of genes grouped by biological function. As anticipated, a wide range in the onset and rate of cell loss was observed among the reported models. The analysis underscored relationships between RD genes and ciliary function, transcription-coupled DNA damage repair, and cellular chloride homeostasis. Comparing the mouse gene list to human RD genes identified in the RetNet database revealed that mouse models are available for 40% of the known human diseases, suggesting opportunities for future research. This work may provide insight into the molecular players and pathways through which PR degenerative disease occurs and may be useful for planning translational studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gayle B. Collin
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, ME 04609, USA; (G.B.C.); (N.G.); (B.C.); (N.D.); (J.P.); (L.F.H.); (L.S.); (J.K.N.)
| | - Navdeep Gogna
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, ME 04609, USA; (G.B.C.); (N.G.); (B.C.); (N.D.); (J.P.); (L.F.H.); (L.S.); (J.K.N.)
| | - Bo Chang
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, ME 04609, USA; (G.B.C.); (N.G.); (B.C.); (N.D.); (J.P.); (L.F.H.); (L.S.); (J.K.N.)
| | - Nattaya Damkham
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, ME 04609, USA; (G.B.C.); (N.G.); (B.C.); (N.D.); (J.P.); (L.F.H.); (L.S.); (J.K.N.)
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Jai Pinkney
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, ME 04609, USA; (G.B.C.); (N.G.); (B.C.); (N.D.); (J.P.); (L.F.H.); (L.S.); (J.K.N.)
| | - Lillian F. Hyde
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, ME 04609, USA; (G.B.C.); (N.G.); (B.C.); (N.D.); (J.P.); (L.F.H.); (L.S.); (J.K.N.)
| | - Lisa Stone
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, ME 04609, USA; (G.B.C.); (N.G.); (B.C.); (N.D.); (J.P.); (L.F.H.); (L.S.); (J.K.N.)
| | - Jürgen K. Naggert
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, ME 04609, USA; (G.B.C.); (N.G.); (B.C.); (N.D.); (J.P.); (L.F.H.); (L.S.); (J.K.N.)
| | - Patsy M. Nishina
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, ME 04609, USA; (G.B.C.); (N.G.); (B.C.); (N.D.); (J.P.); (L.F.H.); (L.S.); (J.K.N.)
- Correspondence: (P.M.N.); (M.P.K.); Tel.: +1-207-2886-383 (P.M.N.); +1-207-2886-000 (M.P.K.)
| | - Mark P. Krebs
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, ME 04609, USA; (G.B.C.); (N.G.); (B.C.); (N.D.); (J.P.); (L.F.H.); (L.S.); (J.K.N.)
- Correspondence: (P.M.N.); (M.P.K.); Tel.: +1-207-2886-383 (P.M.N.); +1-207-2886-000 (M.P.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Calpain cleaves phospholipid flippase ATP8A1 during apoptosis in platelets. Blood Adv 2020; 3:219-229. [PMID: 30674456 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018023473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The asymmetric distribution of phospholipids in the plasma/organellar membranes is generated and maintained through phospholipid flippases in resting cells, but becomes disrupted in apoptotic cells and activated platelets, resulting in phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure on the cell surface. Stable PS exposure during apoptosis requires inactivation of flippases to prevent PS from being reinternalized. Here we show that flippase ATP8A1 is highly expressed in both murine and human platelets, but is not present in the plasma membrane. ATP8A1 is cleaved by the cysteine protease calpain during apoptosis, and the cleavage is prevented indirectly by caspase inhibition, involving blockage of calcium influx into platelets and subsequent calpain activation. In contrast, in platelets activated with thrombin and collagen and exposing PS, ATP8A1 remains intact. These data reveal a novel mechanism of flippase cleavage and suggest that flippase activity in intracellular membranes differs between platelets undergoing apoptosis and activation.
Collapse
|
50
|
Tone T, Nakayama K, Takatsu H, Shin HW. ATPase reaction cycle of P4-ATPases affects their transport from the endoplasmic reticulum. FEBS Lett 2019; 594:412-423. [PMID: 31571211 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
P4-ATPases belonging to the P-type ATPase superfamily mediate active transport of phospholipids across cellular membranes. Most P4-ATPases, except ATP9A and ATP9B proteins, form heteromeric complexes with CDC50 proteins, which are required for transport of P4-ATPases from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to their final destinations. P-type ATPases form autophosphorylated intermediates during the ATPase reaction cycle. However, the association of the catalytic cycle of P4-ATPases with their transport from the ER and their cellular localization has not been studied. Here, we show that transport of ATP9 and ATP11 proteins as well as that of ATP10A from the ER depends on the ATPase catalytic cycle, suggesting that conformational changes in P4-ATPases during the catalytic cycle are crucial for their transport from the ER.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Tone
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Nakayama
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takatsu
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Hye-Won Shin
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan
| |
Collapse
|