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Yang H, Li C, Che M, Liang J, Tian X, Yang G, Sun C. HDAC11 deficiency resists obesity by converting adipose-derived stem cells into brown adipocyte-like cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128852. [PMID: 38110164 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, with complications such as type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and even cancer, is rampant worldwide. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been extensively studied as key players in the epigenetic regulation of cellular metabolism. However, the function of HDAC11 has long been focused on the immune and nervous systems and cancer development, and its potential role in obesity has been poorly studied. We found that the expression of HDAC11 was highly upregulated in the white adipose tissue (WAT) of obese mice and was closely related to the progression of obesity. Knockdown of HDAC11 by lentiviral injection in high-fat diet-fed mice attenuated the development of obesity. Furthermore, knockdown of HDAC11 ameliorated WAT hypertrophy and induced WAT browning. At the cellular level, silencing of HDAC11 promoted the differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) into brown adipocyte-like cells and inhibited the proliferation of ADSCs. More interestingly, HDAC11 expression was elevated in ADSCs isolated from obese mice, and silencing of HDAC11 facilitated the spontaneous differentiation of ADSCs into mesoderm, which is the source of adipocytes. This also superficially and effectively demonstrates the exciting prospect of HDAC11 silencing in obesity research and treatment, as a valve for "energy saving and flow reduction".
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chaowei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Meng Che
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Juntong Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xin Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Gongshe Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Chao Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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2
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Byeon HE, Choi SE, Kim Y, Choi S, Lee SJ, Kim DH, Mo JS, Jeon JY. HDAC11 Regulates Palmitate-induced NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Inducing YAP Expression in THP-1 Cells and PBMCs. Endocrinology 2024; 165:bqae011. [PMID: 38366363 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqae011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation, such as obesity. However, the influence of HDAC11 on inflammation and the specific effect of HDAC11 on the palmitic acid (PA)-induced NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation are poorly understood. The effect of PA treatment on HDAC11 activity and the NLRP3 inflammasome was investigated in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and THP-1 cells. The PA-induced responses of key markers of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, including NLRP3 gene expression, caspase-1 p10 activation, cleaved IL-1β production, and extracellular IL-1β release, were assessed as well. The role of HDAC11 was explored using a specific inhibitor of HDAC11 and by knockdown using small interfering (si)HDAC11 RNA. The relationship between HDAC11 and yes-associated protein (YAP) in the PA-induced NLRP3 inflammasome was investigated in THP-1 cells with HDAC11 or YAP knockdown. Following PA treatment, HDAC11 activity and protein levels increased significantly, concomitant with activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Notably, PA-induced the upregulation of NLRP3, caspase-1 p10 activation, the production of cleaved IL-1β, and the release of IL-1β into the extracellular space, all of which were attenuated by FT895 treatment and by HDAC11 knockdown. In THP-1 cells, PA induced the expression of YAP and its interaction with NLRP3, resulting in NLRP3 inflammasome activation, whereas both were inhibited by FT895 and siHDAC11 RNA. These findings demonstrate a pivotal role for HDAC11 in the PA-induced activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. HDAC11 inhibition thus represents a promising therapeutic strategy for mitigating NLRP3 inflammasome-related inflammation in the context of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Eun Byeon
- Institute of Medical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-E Choi
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Suji Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hyupsung University, Hwasung-si, Gyeonggi-do 18330, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Lee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Institute of Medical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Soon Mo
- Institute of Medical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Young Jeon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
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3
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Tian D, Zeng X, Gong Y, Zheng Y, Zhang J, Wu Z. HDAC1 inhibits beige adipocyte-mediated thermogenesis through histone crotonylation of Pgc1a/Ucp1. Cell Signal 2023; 111:110875. [PMID: 37640195 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, one of the most serious public health issues, is caused by the imbalance of energy intake and energy expenditure. Increasing energy expenditure via induction of adipose tissue browning has become an appealing strategy to treat obesity and associated metabolic complications. Although histone modifications have been confirmed to regulate cellular energy metabolism, the involved biochemical mechanism of thermogenesis in adipose tissue is not completely understood. Herein, we report that class I histone deacetylases (HDAC) inhibitor MS275 increased PGC1α/UCP1 protein levels in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) concomitant with elevated energy expenditure, reduced obesity and ameliorated glucose tolerance compared to control littermates. H3K18cr and H3K18ac levels were elevated after MS275 treatment. MS275 also promoted the transcription of Pgc1α and Ucp1 by enhancing the enrichment of H3K18cr and H3K18ac in the Pgc1α/Ucp1 enhancer and promoter, with a notable increase in H3K18cr. Mechanistically, the deletion of Hdac1 in beige adipocyte increases H3K18cr levels in enhancers and promoters of Pgc1α and Ucp1 genes, regulated the chromosomal state, thereby affecting the transcription of Pgc1α/Ucp1. Taken together, HDAC1 inhibits beige adipocyte-mediated thermogenesis through histone crotonylation of Pgc1a/Ucp1. This finding may provide a therapeutic strategy through increasing energy expenditure in obesity and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyuan Tian
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Xiaojiao Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Yihui Gong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Yin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Zhongming Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China; Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
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4
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Pan X, Ye L, Guo X, Wang W, Zhang Z, Wang Q, Huang J, Xu J, Cai Y, Shou X, Wang Y, Feng Y, Xie C, Shan P, Meng ZX. Glutamine Production by Glul Promotes Thermogenic Adipocyte Differentiation Through Prdm9-Mediated H3K4me3 and Transcriptional Reprogramming. Diabetes 2023; 72:1574-1596. [PMID: 37579296 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Thermogenic adipocytes have been extensively investigated because of their energy-dissipating property and therapeutic potential for obesity and diabetes. Besides serving as fuel sources, accumulating evidence suggests that intermediate metabolites play critical roles in multiple biological processes. However, their role in adipocyte differentiation and thermogenesis remains unexplored. Here, we report that human and mouse obesity is associated with marked downregulation of glutamine synthetase (Glul) expression and activity in thermogenic adipose tissues. Glul is robustly upregulated during brown adipocyte (BAC) differentiation and in brown adipose tissue (BAT) upon cold exposure and Cl316,243 stimulation. Further genetic, pharmacologic, or metabolic manipulations of Glul and glutamine levels reveal that glutamine cells autonomously stimulate BAC differentiation and function and BAT remodeling and improve systemic energy homeostasis in mice. Mechanistically, glutamine promotes transcriptional induction of adipogenic and thermogenic gene programs through histone modification-mediated chromatin remodeling. Among all the glutamine-regulated writer and eraser genes responsible for histone methylation and acetylation, only Prdm9, a histone lysine methyltransferase, is robustly induced during BAC differentiation. Importantly, Prdm9 inactivation by shRNA knockdown or a selective inhibitor attenuates glutamine-triggered adipogenic and thermogenic induction. Furthermore, Prdm9 gene transcription is regulated by glutamine through the recruitment of C/EBPb to its enhancer region. This work reveals glutamine as a novel activator of thermogenic adipocyte differentiation and uncovers an unexpected role of C/EBPb-Prdm9-mediated H3K4me3 and transcriptional reprogramming in adipocyte differentiation and thermogenesis. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Pan
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingxia Ye
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaozhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Material Medical, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihua Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziyin Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qintao Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingya Xu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanhan Cai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinxin Shou
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Material Medical, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Shan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhuo-Xian Meng
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Chronic Disease Research Institute, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
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5
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Hwang MS, Park J, Ham Y, Lee IH, Chun KH. Roles of Protein Post-Translational Modifications During Adipocyte Senescence. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:5245-5256. [PMID: 37928271 PMCID: PMC10620833 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.86404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes are adipose tissues that supply energy to the body through lipids. The two main types of adipocytes comprise white adipocytes (WAT) that store energy, and brown adipocytes (BAT), which generate heat by burning stored fat (thermogenesis). Emerging evidence indicates that dysregulated adipocyte senescence may disrupt metabolic homeostasis, leading to various diseases and aging. Adipocytes undergo senescence via irreversible cell-cycle arrest in response to DNA damage, oxidative stress, telomere dysfunction, or adipocyte over-expansion upon chronic lipid accumulation. The amount of detectable BAT decreases with age. Activation of cell cycle regulators and dysregulation of adipogenesis-regulating factors may constitute a molecular mechanism that accelerates adipocyte senescence. To better understand the regulation of adipocyte senescence, the effects of post-translational modifications (PTMs), is essential for clarifying the activity and stability of these proteins. PTMs are covalent enzymatic protein modifications introduced following protein biosynthesis, such as phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, or glycosylation. Determining the contribution of PTMs to adipocyte senescence may identify new therapeutic targets for the regulation of adipocyte senescence. In this review, we discuss a conceptual case in which PTMs regulate adipocyte senescence and explain the mechanisms underlying protein regulation, which may lead to the development of effective strategies to combat metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Seon Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Institute of Genetic Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jingyeong Park
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-Gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunha Ham
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-Gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hye Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-Gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hee Chun
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Institute of Genetic Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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6
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Li M, Li G, Yang Y, Zong J, Fu X, Htet ALH, Li X, Li T, Wang J, Yu T. piRNA-823 is a novel potential therapeutic target in aortic dissection. Pharmacol Res 2023; 196:106932. [PMID: 37739144 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Aortic dissection (AD) presents a medical challenge for clinicians. Here, to determine the role of a novel small non-coding piRNA-823 (piR-823) in AD, murine and human aorta from patients with AD were used. A high expression levels of piR-823 were found in patients with AD. Using performed loss- and gain-of-function assays in vitro and in vivo, we explore the regulatory effect of piR-823 on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and AD. piR-823 obviously facilitates the proliferation, migration, and phenotypic transformation of VSMCs with or without nicotine treatment. piR-823 directly binds and suppresses histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) expression, and regulates the acetylation of histone 3 (H3) via H3K9ac and H3K27ac, eventually, VSMC functions and AD. To consolidate our findings, AD murine model was performed, and we observed that piR-823 antagomir strongly inhibited the pathogenesis of AD through regulating vascular remodeling. Thus, our study finds a potential target for the prevention and treatment strategy for nicotine-induced AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Clinical Laboratory, Central Laboratory, Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinbao Zong
- Clinical Laboratory, Central Laboratory, Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuxiu Fu
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Aung Lynn Htet Htet
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianxiang Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxun Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yu
- Clinical Laboratory, Central Laboratory, Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China; Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Soukar I, Amarasinghe A, Pile LA. Coordination of cross-talk between metabolism and epigenetic regulation by the SIN3 complex. Enzymes 2023; 53:33-68. [PMID: 37748836 DOI: 10.1016/bs.enz.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications of histone proteins control the expression of genes. Metabolites from central and one-carbon metabolism act as donor moieties to modify histones and regulate gene expression. Thus, histone modification and gene regulation are connected to the metabolite status of the cell. Histone modifiers, such as the SIN3 complex, regulate genes involved in proliferation and metabolism. The SIN3 complex contains a histone deacetylase and a histone demethylase, which regulate the chromatin landscape and gene expression. In this chapter, we review the cross-talk between metabolic pathways that produce donor moieties, and epigenetic complexes regulating proliferation and metabolic genes. This cross-talk between gene regulation and metabolism is tightly controlled, and disruption of this cross-talk leads to metabolic diseases. We discuss promising therapeutics that directly regulate histone modifiers, and can affect the metabolic status of the cell, alleviating some metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imad Soukar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Anjalie Amarasinghe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Lori A Pile
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States.
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8
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Liu X, Guo C, Leng T, Fan Z, Mai J, Chen J, Xu J, Li Q, Jiang B, Sai K, Yang W, Gu J, Wang J, Sun S, Chen Z, Zhong Y, Liang X, Chen C, Cai J, Lin Y, Liang J, Hu J, Yan G, Zhu W, Yin W. Differential regulation of H3K9/H3K14 acetylation by small molecules drives neuron-fate-induction of glioma cell. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:142. [PMID: 36805688 PMCID: PMC9941105 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05611-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Differentiation therapy using small molecules is a promising strategy for improving the prognosis of glioblastoma (GBM). Histone acetylation plays an important role in cell fate determination. Nevertheless, whether histone acetylation in specific sites determines GBM cells fate remains to be explored. Through screening from a 349 small molecule-library, we identified that histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) MS-275 synergized with 8-CPT-cAMP was able to transdifferentiate U87MG GBM cells into neuron-like cells, which were characterized by cell cycle arrest, rich neuron biomarkers, and typical neuron electrophysiology. Intriguingly, acetylation tags of histone 3 at lysine 9 (H3K9ac) were decreased in the promoter of multiple oncogenes and cell cycle genes, while ones of H3K9ac and histone 3 at lysine 14 (H3K14ac) were increased in the promoter of neuron-specific genes. We then compiled a list of genes controlled by H3K9ac and H3K14ac, and proved that it is a good predictive power for pathologic grading and survival prediction. Moreover, cAMP agonist combined with HDACi also induced glioma stem cells (GSCs) to differentiate into neuron-like cells through the regulation of H3K9ac/K14ac, indicating that combined induction has the potential for recurrence-preventive application. Furthermore, the combination of cAMP activator plus HDACi significantly repressed the tumor growth in a subcutaneous GSC-derived tumor model, and temozolomide cooperated with the differentiation-inducing combination to prolong the survival in an orthotopic GSC-derived tumor model. These findings highlight epigenetic reprogramming through H3K9ac and H3K14ac as a novel approach for driving neuron-fate-induction of GBM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xincheng Liu
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 P. R. China ,grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080 P. R. China
| | - Cui Guo
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 P. R. China
| | - Tiandong Leng
- grid.9001.80000 0001 2228 775XDepartment of Neuroscience, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA
| | - Zhen Fan
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 P. R. China
| | - Jialuo Mai
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 P. R. China
| | - Jiehong Chen
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 P. R. China
| | - Jinhai Xu
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XGuangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 P. R. China
| | - Qianyi Li
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XGuangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 P. R. China
| | - Bin Jiang
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XGuangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 P. R. China
| | - Ke Sai
- grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060 P. R. China ,grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060 P. R. China
| | - Wenzhuo Yang
- grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060 P. R. China ,grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060 P. R. China
| | - Jiayu Gu
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 P. R. China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 P. R. China
| | - Shuxin Sun
- grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060 P. R. China ,grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060 P. R. China
| | - Zhijie Chen
- grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060 P. R. China ,grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060 P. R. China
| | - Yingqian Zhong
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 P. R. China
| | - Xuanming Liang
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 P. R. China
| | - Chaoxin Chen
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 P. R. China
| | - Jing Cai
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 P. R. China
| | - Yuan Lin
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 P. R. China
| | - Jiankai Liang
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 P. R. China
| | - Jun Hu
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 P. R. China
| | - Guangmei Yan
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P. R. China.
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9
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Management of Obesity and Obesity-Related Disorders: From Stem Cells and Epigenetics to Its Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032310. [PMID: 36768633 PMCID: PMC9916844 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a complex worldwide disease, characterized by an abnormal or excessive fat accumulation. The onset of this pathology is generally linked to a complex network of interactions among genetic and environmental factors, aging, lifestyle, and diets. During adipogenesis, several regulatory mechanisms and transcription factors are involved. As fat cells grow, adipose tissue becomes increasingly large and dysfunctional, losing its endocrine function, secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines, and recruiting infiltrating macrophages. This long-term low-grade systemic inflammation results in insulin resistance in peripheral tissues. In this review we describe the main mechanisms involved in adipogenesis, from a physiological condition to obesity. Current therapeutic strategies for the management of obesity and the related metabolic syndrome are also reported.
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10
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Zhou R, Cao Y, Xiang Y, Fang P, Shang W. Emerging roles of histone deacetylases in adaptive thermogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1124408. [PMID: 36875455 PMCID: PMC9978507 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1124408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown and beige adipose tissues regulate body energy expenditure through adaptive thermogenesis, which converts energy into heat by oxidative phosphorylation uncoupling. Although promoting adaptive thermogenesis has been demonstrated to be a prospective strategy for obesity control, there are few methods for increasing adipose tissue thermogenesis in a safe and effective way. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) is a category of epigenetic modifying enzymes that catalyzes deacetylation on both histone and non-histone proteins. Recent studies illustrated that HDACs play an important role in adipose tissue thermogenesis through modulating gene transcription and chromatin structure as well as cellular signals transduction in both deacetylation dependent or independent manners. Given that different classes and subtypes of HDACs show diversity in the mechanisms of adaptive thermogenesis regulation, we systematically summarized the effects of different HDACs on adaptive thermogenesis and their underlying mechanisms in this review. We also emphasized the differences among HDACs in thermogenesis regulation, which will help to find new efficient anti-obesity drugs targeting specific HDAC subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingying Xiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Penghua Fang
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Penghua Fang, ; Wenbin Shang,
| | - Wenbin Shang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Penghua Fang, ; Wenbin Shang,
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11
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Machado SA, Pasquarelli-do-Nascimento G, da Silva DS, Farias GR, de Oliveira Santos I, Baptista LB, Magalhães KG. Browning of the white adipose tissue regulation: new insights into nutritional and metabolic relevance in health and diseases. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2022; 19:61. [PMID: 36068578 PMCID: PMC9446768 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-022-00694-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissues are dynamic tissues that play crucial physiological roles in maintaining health and homeostasis. Although white adipose tissue and brown adipose tissue are currently considered key endocrine organs, they differ functionally and morphologically. The existence of the beige or brite adipocytes, cells displaying intermediary characteristics between white and brown adipocytes, illustrates the plastic nature of the adipose tissue. These cells are generated through white adipose tissue browning, a process associated with augmented non-shivering thermogenesis and metabolic capacity. This process involves the upregulation of the uncoupling protein 1, a molecule that uncouples the respiratory chain from Adenosine triphosphate synthesis, producing heat. β-3 adrenergic receptor system is one important mediator of white adipose tissue browning, during cold exposure. Surprisingly, hyperthermia may also induce beige activation and white adipose tissue beiging. Physical exercising copes with increased levels of specific molecules, including Beta-Aminoisobutyric acid, irisin, and Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), which induce adipose tissue browning. FGF21 is a stress-responsive hormone that interacts with beta-klotho. The central roles played by hormones in the browning process highlight the relevance of the individual lifestyle, including circadian rhythm and diet. Circadian rhythm involves the sleep-wake cycle and is regulated by melatonin, a hormone associated with UCP1 level upregulation. In contrast to the pro-inflammatory and adipose tissue disrupting effects of the western diet, specific food items, including capsaicin and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and dietary interventions such as calorie restriction and intermittent fasting, favor white adipose tissue browning and metabolic efficiency. The intestinal microbiome has also been pictured as a key factor in regulating white tissue browning, as it modulates bile acid levels, important molecules for the thermogenic program activation. During embryogenesis, in which adipose tissue formation is affected by Bone morphogenetic proteins that regulate gene expression, the stimuli herein discussed influence an orchestra of gene expression regulators, including a plethora of transcription factors, and chromatin remodeling enzymes, and non-coding RNAs. Considering the detrimental effects of adipose tissue browning and the disparities between adipose tissue characteristics in mice and humans, further efforts will benefit a better understanding of adipose tissue plasticity biology and its applicability to managing the overwhelming burden of several chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Azevedo Machado
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Debora Santos da Silva
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Ribeiro Farias
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Igor de Oliveira Santos
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Luana Borges Baptista
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Kelly Grace Magalhães
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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12
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Wang S, Zhang X, Wang Q, Wang R. Histone modification in podocyte injury of diabetic nephropathy. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:1373-1386. [PMID: 36040515 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02247-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), an important complication of diabetic microvascular disease, is one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which brings heavy burdens to the whole society. Podocytes are terminally differentiated glomerular cells, which act as a pivotal component of glomerular filtration barrier. When podocytes are injured, glomerular filtration barrier is damaged, and proteinuria would occur. Dysfunction of podocytes contributes to DN. And degrees of podocyte injury influence prognosis of DN. Growing evidences have shown that epigenetics does a lot in the evolvement of podocyte injury. Epigenetics includes DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA. Among them, histone modification plays an indelible role. Histone modification includes histone methylation, histone acetylation, and other modifications such as histone phosphorylation, histone ubiquitination, histone ADP-ribosylation, histone crotonylation, and histone β-hydroxybutyrylation. It can affect chromatin structure and regulate gene transcription to exert its function. This review is to summarize documents about pathogenesis of podocyte injury, most importantly, histone modification of podocyte injury in DN recently to provide new ideas for further molecular research, diagnosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeng Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Qinglian Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, No. 324 Jingwu Street, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, No. 324 Jingwu Street, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
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13
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Jiang M, Qi F, Zhang K, Zhang X, Ma J, Xia S, Chen L, Yu Z, Chen J, Chen D. MARCKSL1-2 reverses docetaxel-resistance of lung adenocarcinoma cells by recruiting SUZ12 to suppress HDAC1 and elevate miR-200b. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:150. [PMID: 35864549 PMCID: PMC9306054 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01605-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated in the development of multiple cancers. In our previous study, we demonstrated that HDAC1/4-mediated silencing of microRNA-200b (miR-200b) enhances docetaxel (DTX)-resistance of human lung adenocarcinoma (LAD) cells. Methods and results Herein, we probed the function of LncRNA MARCKSL1–2 (MARCKSL1-transcript variant 2, NR_052852.1) in DTX resistance of LAD cells. It was found that MARCKSL1–2 expression was markedly reduced in DTX-resistant LAD cells. Through gain- or loss- of function assays, colony formation assay, EdU assay, TUNEL assay, and flow cytometry analysis, we found that MARCKSL1–2 suppressed the growth and DTX resistance of both parental and DTX-resistant LAD cells. Moreover, we found that MARCKSL1–2 functioned in LAD through increasing miR-200b expression and repressing HDAC1. Mechanistically, MARCKSL1–2 recruited the suppressor of zeste 12 (SUZ12) to the promoter of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) to strengthen histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) of HDAC1 promoter, thereby reducing HDAC1 expression. MARCKSL1–2 up-regulated miR-200b by blocking the suppressive effect of HDAC1 on the histone acetylation modification at miR-200b promoter. Furthermore, in vivo analysis using mouse xenograft tumor model supported that overexpression of MARCKSL1–2 attenuated the DTX resistance in LAD tumors. Conclusions We confirmed that MARCKSL1–2 alleviated DTX resistance in LAD cells by abolishing the inhibitory effect of HDAC1 on miR-200b via the recruitment of SUZ12. MARCKSL1–2 could be a promising target to improve the chemotherapy of LAD. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12943-022-01605-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.188 Shizi Street, Gusu District, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng, 224005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.160 Pujian Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.188 Shizi Street, Gusu District, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Suhua Xia
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.188 Shizi Street, Gusu District, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Longbang Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengyuan Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.188 Shizi Street, Gusu District, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Dongqin Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.160 Pujian Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127, China. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Baoshan Branch, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.1058 Huanzhen North Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200444, China. .,Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, No.42 Baiziting Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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14
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Factors Associated with White Fat Browning: New Regulators of Lipid Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147641. [PMID: 35886989 PMCID: PMC9325132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian adipose tissue can be divided into white and brown adipose tissue based on its colour, location, and cellular structure. Certain conditions, such as sympathetic nerve excitement, can induce the white adipose adipocytes into a new type of adipocytes, known as beige adipocytes. The process, leading to the conversion of white adipocytes into beige adipocytes, is called white fat browning. The dynamic balance between white and beige adipocytes is closely related to the body’s metabolic homeostasis. Studying the signal transduction pathways of the white fat browning might provide novel ideas for the treatment of obesity and alleviation of obesity-related glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. This article aimed to provide an overview of recent advances in understanding white fat browning and the role of BAT in lipid metabolism.
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15
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Loss of adipose TET proteins enhances β-adrenergic responses and protects against obesity by epigenetic regulation of β3-AR expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2205626119. [PMID: 35737830 PMCID: PMC9245707 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2205626119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) signaling plays predominant roles in modulating energy expenditure by triggering lipolysis and thermogenesis in adipose tissue, thereby conferring obesity resistance. Obesity is associated with diminished β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) expression and decreased β-adrenergic responses, but the molecular mechanism coupling nutrient overload to catecholamine resistance remains poorly defined. Ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins are dioxygenases that alter the methylation status of DNA by oxidizing 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and further oxidized derivatives. Here, we show that TET proteins are pivotal epigenetic suppressors of β3-AR expression in adipocytes, thereby attenuating the responsiveness to β-adrenergic stimulation. Deletion of all three Tet genes in adipocytes led to increased β3-AR expression and thereby enhanced the downstream β-adrenergic responses, including lipolysis, thermogenic gene induction, oxidative metabolism, and fat browning in vitro and in vivo. In mouse adipose tissues, Tet expression was elevated after mice ate a high-fat diet. Mice with adipose-specific ablation of all TET proteins maintained higher levels of β3-AR in both white and brown adipose tissues and remained sensitive to β-AR stimuli under high-fat diet challenge, leading to augmented energy expenditure and decreased fat accumulation. Consequently, they exhibited improved cold tolerance and were substantially protected from diet-induced obesity, inflammation, and metabolic complications, including insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia. Mechanistically, TET proteins directly repressed β3-AR transcription, mainly in an enzymatic activity-independent manner, and involved the recruitment of histone deacetylases to increase deacetylation of its promoter. Thus, the TET-histone deacetylase-β3-AR axis could be targeted to treat obesity and related metabolic diseases.
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16
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Wang H, Li J, Wang Z, Tian Y, Li C, Jin F, Li J, Wang L. Perivascular brown adipocytes-derived kynurenic acid relaxes blood vessel via endothelium PI3K-Akt-eNOS pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:113040. [PMID: 35658210 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several metabolites from the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism play a critical role in vascular function and vascular wall remodeling. This study aimed to test whether metabolite kynurenic acid (KYNA) from the kynurenine pathway relaxes blood vessels. APPROACH AND RESULTS We employed histological staining, in vitro cell culture, Western blotting, real-time PCR, and nitric oxide detection to validate kynurenine aminotransferase (KAT) localization in the vasculature as well as KYNA action on endothelial cells. We also detected vascular reactivity by organ chamber and monitored blood pressure by telemetry to investigate the regulation effect of KYNA on vascular tone. The results presented that perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) from mice thoracic aorta had robust staining of anti-KAT1 and KYNA than PVAT from the abdominal aorta and mesenteric artery, which is consistent with the expression profile of brown adipocyte marker uncoupling protein 1. KYNA, metabolized from kynurenine by KAT, relaxed pre-contracted both aortic ring and mesenteric artery. In addition, KYNA derived from KAT in PVAT participates in the cross-talk between PVAT and vessel by mediating PVAT inhibition on agonist-induced thoracic aorta contraction. Furthermore, intraperitoneal injection of KYNA in mice reduced blood pressure. The vessel relaxation effect of KYNA was through the endothelium-dependent PI3K-Akt-eNOS pathway. Finally, the high-fat diet decreased KAT1 expression in perithoracic aortic fat and led to KYNA reduction in blood. CONCLUSIONS Our research identified KYNA generated by KAT as a novel perivascular brown adipocyte-derived vascular relaxation factor and suggests that KYNA reduction is a critical event in vascular dysfunction under obese condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, 157 Decatur Street SE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Jian Li
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, 157 Decatur Street SE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan 570102, PR China
| | - Yanfeng Tian
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Chunlei Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Feng Jin
- Foreign Language Teaching Department, Gui Zhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gui Zhou 550025, PR China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China.
| | - Lanfeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
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17
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The Potential to Fight Obesity with Adipogenesis Modulating Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042299. [PMID: 35216415 PMCID: PMC8879274 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an increasingly severe public health problem, which brings huge social and economic burdens. Increased body adiposity in obesity is not only tightly associated with type 2 diabetes, but also significantly increases the risks of other chronic diseases including cardiovascular diseases, fatty liver diseases and cancers. Adipogenesis describes the process of the differentiation and maturation of adipocytes, which accumulate in distributed adipose tissue at various sites in the body. The major functions of white adipocytes are to store energy as fat during periods when energy intake exceeds expenditure and to mobilize this stored fuel when energy expenditure exceeds intake. Brown/beige adipocytes contribute to non-shivering thermogenesis upon cold exposure and adrenergic stimulation, and thereby promote energy consumption. The imbalance of energy intake and expenditure causes obesity. Recent interest in epigenetics and signaling pathways has utilized small molecule tools aimed at modifying obesity-specific gene expression. In this review, we discuss compounds with adipogenesis-related signaling pathways and epigenetic modulating properties that have been identified as potential therapeutic agents which cast some light on the future treatment of obesity.
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18
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Hyndman KA, Crossman DK. Kidney cell type-specific changes in the chromatin and transcriptome landscapes following epithelial Hdac1 and Hdac2 knockdown. Physiol Genomics 2022; 54:45-57. [PMID: 34890513 PMCID: PMC8791845 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00102.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have identified at least 20 different kidney cell types based upon chromatin structure and gene expression. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are epigenetic transcriptional repressors via deacetylation of histone lysines resulting in inaccessible chromatin. We reported that kidney epithelial HDAC1 and HDAC2 activity is critical for maintaining a healthy kidney and preventing fluid-electrolyte abnormalities. However, to what extent does Hdac1/Hdac2 knockdown affect chromatin structure and subsequent transcript expression in the kidney? To answer this question, we used single nucleus assay for transposase-accessible chromatin-sequencing (snATAC-seq) and snRNA-seq to profile kidney nuclei from male and female, control, and littermate kidney epithelial Hdac1/Hdac2 knockdown mice. Hdac1/Hdac2 knockdown resulted in significant changes in the chromatin structure predominantly within the promoter region of gene loci involved in fluid-electrolyte balance such as the aquaporins, with both increased and decreased accessibility captured. Moreover, Hdac1/Hdac2 knockdown resulted different gene loci being accessible with a corresponding increased transcript number in the kidney, but among all mice only 24%-30% of chromatin accessibility agreed with transcript expression (e.g., open chromatin and increased transcript). To conclude, although chromatin structure does affect transcription, ∼70% of the differentially expressed genes cannot be explained by changes in chromatin accessibility and HDAC1/HDAC2 had a minimal effect on these global patterns. Yet, the genes that are targets of HDAC1 and HDAC2 are critically important for maintaining kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Hyndman
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - David K Crossman
- The UAB Genomics Core Facility, Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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19
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Xue T, Xu H, Du Y, Ding J, Su Y, Lin Z. Browning of white adipocytes by gold nanocluster mediated electromagnetic induction heating hyperthermia. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:1187-1194. [PMID: 35005765 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr07263c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) is becoming an attractive therapeutic target for obesity. Great efforts have been made to develop effective approaches to induce browning. Unfortunately, the current methods suffer from a series of disadvantages, such as low efficiency, unsatisfactory stability, and side effects. Herein, we report a new approach to induce browning of 3T3-L1 white adipocytes based on electromagnetic induction heating (EIH) hyperthermia. In particular, adipocyte-targeting aptamer modified gold nanoclusters (Apt-AuNCs) were employed as the mediators of EIH. Apt-AuNCs had good biocompatibility and excellent targeting performance with white adipocytes. After Apt-AuNCs/EIH treatment, adipocytes with characteristic multilocular and small lipid droplets increased, and the content of triglycerides reduced effectively. Apt-AuNCs/EIH treatment also significantly increased the mitochondrial activity in adipocytes. Meanwhile, the mRNA levels of key genes that are involved in browning, for example UCP1, PRDM16, PPARγ, and PGC-1α, were upregulated. Finally, the induction mechanism of Apt-AuNCs/EIH on browning of white adipocytes was explained by the synergistic effects of EIH hyperthermia and pharmacological action of AuNCs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt on induction of browning by metal nanocluster-mediated EIH hyperthermia, thus providing an interesting and efficient channel for obesity treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Xue
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.
| | - Hejie Xu
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.
| | - Yanhui Du
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.
| | - Jialuo Ding
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.
| | - Yu Su
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.
| | - Zhenkun Lin
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.
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20
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Zhang Y, Wu Z, Xi P, Wang H, Zhu W, Tian D. LKB1 on POMC neurons affect the formation of diet-induced obesity by regulating the expression of HDAC1. Genes Genomics 2022; 44:467-475. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01206-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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21
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Hsieh WC, Sutter BM, Ruess H, Barnes SD, Malladi VS, Tu BP. Glucose starvation induces a switch in the histone acetylome for activation of gluconeogenic and fat metabolism genes. Mol Cell 2022; 82:60-74.e5. [PMID: 34995509 PMCID: PMC8794035 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Acetyl-CoA is a key intermediate situated at the intersection of many metabolic pathways. The reliance of histone acetylation on acetyl-CoA enables the coordination of gene expression with metabolic state. Abundant acetyl-CoA has been linked to the activation of genes involved in cell growth or tumorigenesis through histone acetylation. However, the role of histone acetylation in transcription under low levels of acetyl-CoA remains poorly understood. Here, we use a yeast starvation model to observe the dramatic alteration in the global occupancy of histone acetylation following carbon starvation; the location of histone acetylation marks shifts from growth-promoting genes to gluconeogenic and fat metabolism genes. This reallocation is mediated by both the histone deacetylase Rpd3p and the acetyltransferase Gcn5p, a component of the SAGA transcriptional coactivator. Our findings reveal an unexpected switch in the specificity of histone acetylation to promote pathways that generate acetyl-CoA for oxidation when acetyl-CoA is limiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chuan Hsieh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Benjamin M. Sutter
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Holly Ruess
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Spencer D. Barnes
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Venkat S. Malladi
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Benjamin P. Tu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA,Correspondence and Lead Contact:
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22
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Li F, Wang S, Cui X, Jing J, Yu L, Xue B, Shi H. Adipocyte Utx Deficiency Promotes High-Fat Diet-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction in Mice. Cells 2022; 11:181. [PMID: 35053297 PMCID: PMC8773702 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
While the main function of white adipose tissue (WAT) is to store surplus of energy as triacylglycerol, that of brown adipose tissue (BAT) is to burn energy as heat. Epigenetic mechanisms participate prominently in both WAT and BAT energy metabolism. We previously reported that the histone demethylase ubiquitously transcribed tetratricopeptide (Utx) is a positive regulator of brown adipocyte thermogenesis. Here, we aimed to investigate whether Utx also regulates WAT metabolism in vivo. We generated a mouse model with Utx deficiency in adipocytes (AUTXKO). AUTXKO animals fed a chow diet had higher body weight, more fat mass and impaired glucose tolerance. AUTXKO mice also exhibited cold intolerance with an impaired brown fat thermogenic program. When challenged with high-fat diet (HFD), AUTXKO mice displayed adipose dysfunction featured by suppressed lipogenic pathways, exacerbated inflammation and fibrosis with less fat storage in adipose tissues and more lipid storage in the liver; as a result, AUTXKO mice showed a disturbance in whole body glucose homeostasis and hepatic steatosis. Our data demonstrate that Utx deficiency in adipocytes limits adipose tissue expansion under HFD challenge and induces metabolic dysfunction via adipose tissue remodeling. We conclude that adipocyte Utx is a key regulator of systemic metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Li
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (F.L.); (S.W.); (X.C.); (J.J.)
| | - Shirong Wang
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (F.L.); (S.W.); (X.C.); (J.J.)
| | - Xin Cui
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (F.L.); (S.W.); (X.C.); (J.J.)
| | - Jia Jing
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (F.L.); (S.W.); (X.C.); (J.J.)
| | - Liqing Yu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Bingzhong Xue
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (F.L.); (S.W.); (X.C.); (J.J.)
| | - Hang Shi
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (F.L.); (S.W.); (X.C.); (J.J.)
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23
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Wang Y, Wang L, Su Z, Sun W, Zhang M, Yang C, Zhou J, Jiang L, Kong X. POU2AF1 promotes MSCs adipogenesis by inhibiting HDAC1 expression. Adipocyte 2021; 10:251-263. [PMID: 33949290 PMCID: PMC8115553 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2021.1918863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive production of visceral adipose is a major risk factor of many diseases. Inhibiting the adipogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) will be an efficient way to block adipose production. We illuminated POU class 2 homeobox associating factor 1 (POU2AF1) may promote MSCs adipogenesis by histone deacetylases 1 (HDAC1) signalling. Human retroperitoneal adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from overweight and control groups of patients. IncRNA microarray was used to identified gene expression levels. Adenovirus transduction and cellular small-interfering RNA transfection were used to achieve overexpression and interference of POU2AF1 or HDAC1. Adipogenesis was identified by Oil-red O staining, triglycende, cholesterol assay, real-time PCR and Western Blot. POU2AF1 expression was upregulated in retroperitoneal adipose tissue of overweight patients, and increased during adipogenesis. Overexpression of POU2AF1 promoted spontaneous adipogenesis without adipogenic treatment. Silencing of endogenous POU2AF1 in MSCs inhibited adipogenesis. Overexpression of POU2AF1 alleviated the translocation of HDAC1 to the nucleus. The mRNA level of HDAC1 was also reduced. Co-transfection of Ad-POU2AF1 and Ad-HDAC1 partially reversed the promotion effect of POU2AF1 overexpression in MSCs spontaneous adipogenic differentiation. POU2AF1 involves in the natural differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Overexpression or silencing POU2AF1 could effectively induce or inhibit the adipogenesis by HDAC1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Luyang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongping Su
- Department of Biotherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mi Zhang
- Department of Gynecological Tumor, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanxi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingxin Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangqing Kong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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24
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Li F, Cui X, Jing J, Wang S, Shi H, Xue B, Shi H. Brown Fat Dnmt3b Deficiency Ameliorates Obesity in Female Mice. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11121325. [PMID: 34947856 PMCID: PMC8703316 DOI: 10.3390/life11121325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity results from a chronic energy imbalance due to energy intake exceeding energy expenditure. Activation of brown fat thermogenesis has been shown to combat obesity. Epigenetic regulation, including DNA methylation, has emerged as a key regulator of brown fat thermogenic function. Here we aimed to study the role of Dnmt3b, a DNA methyltransferase involved in de novo DNA methylation, in the regulation of brown fat thermogenesis and obesity. We found that the specific deletion of Dnmt3b in brown fat promotes the thermogenic and mitochondrial program in brown fat, enhances energy expenditure, and decreases adiposity in female mice fed a regular chow diet. With a lean phenotype, the female knockout mice also exhibit increased insulin sensitivity. In addition, Dnmt3b deficiency in brown fat also prevents diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in female mice. Interestingly, our RNA-seq analysis revealed an upregulation of the PI3K-Akt pathway in the brown fat of female Dnmt3b knockout mice. However, male Dnmt3b knockout mice have no change in their body weight, suggesting the existence of sexual dimorphism in the brown fat Dnmt3b knockout model. Our data demonstrate that Dnmt3b plays an important role in the regulation of brown fat function, energy metabolism and obesity in female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Li
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (F.L.); (X.C.); (J.J.); (S.W.)
| | - Xin Cui
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (F.L.); (X.C.); (J.J.); (S.W.)
| | - Jia Jing
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (F.L.); (X.C.); (J.J.); (S.W.)
| | - Shirong Wang
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (F.L.); (X.C.); (J.J.); (S.W.)
| | - Huidong Shi
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
| | - Bingzhong Xue
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (F.L.); (X.C.); (J.J.); (S.W.)
- Correspondence: (B.X.); (H.S.)
| | - Hang Shi
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (F.L.); (X.C.); (J.J.); (S.W.)
- Correspondence: (B.X.); (H.S.)
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25
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Li F, Jing J, Movahed M, Cui X, Cao Q, Wu R, Chen Z, Yu L, Pan Y, Shi H, Shi H, Xue B. Epigenetic interaction between UTX and DNMT1 regulates diet-induced myogenic remodeling in brown fat. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6838. [PMID: 34824202 PMCID: PMC8617140 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27141-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown adipocytes share the same developmental origin with skeletal muscle. Here we find that a brown adipocyte-to-myocyte remodeling also exists in mature brown adipocytes, and is induced by prolonged high fat diet (HFD) feeding, leading to brown fat dysfunction. This process is regulated by the interaction of epigenetic pathways involving histone and DNA methylation. In mature brown adipocytes, the histone demethylase UTX maintains persistent demethylation of the repressive mark H3K27me3 at Prdm16 promoter, leading to high Prdm16 expression. PRDM16 then recruits DNA methyltransferase DNMT1 to Myod1 promoter, causing Myod1 promoter hypermethylation and suppressing its expression. The interaction between PRDM16 and DNMT1 coordinately serves to maintain brown adipocyte identity while repressing myogenic remodeling in mature brown adipocytes, thus promoting their active brown adipocyte thermogenic function. Suppressing this interaction by HFD feeding induces brown adipocyte-to-myocyte remodeling, which limits brown adipocyte thermogenic capacity and compromises diet-induced thermogenesis, leading to the development of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Li
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Jia Jing
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Miranda Movahed
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Xin Cui
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Qiang Cao
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Rui Wu
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Ziyue Chen
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Computer Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Liqing Yu
- grid.411024.20000 0001 2175 4264Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
| | - Yi Pan
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Computer Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA ,grid.458489.c0000 0001 0483 7922Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055 P.R. China
| | - Huidong Shi
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912 USA ,grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | - Hang Shi
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Bingzhong Xue
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
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26
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Differentiation of fetal hematopoietic stem cells requires ARID4B to restrict autocrine KITLG/KIT-Src signaling. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110036. [PMID: 34818550 PMCID: PMC8722094 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Balance between the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) duality to either possess self-renewal capacity or differentiate into multipotency progenitors (MPPs) is crucial for maintaining homeostasis of the hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) compartment. To retain the HSC self-renewal activity, KIT, a receptor tyrosine kinase, in HSCs is activated by its cognate ligand KITLG originating from niche cells. Here, we show that AT-rich interaction domain 4B (ARID4B) interferes with KITLG/KIT signaling, consequently allowing HSC differentiation. Conditional Arid4b knockout in mouse hematopoietic cells blocks fetal HSC differentiation, preventing hematopoiesis. Mechanistically, ARID4B-deficient HSCs self-express KITLG and overexpress KIT. As to downstream pathways of KITLG/KIT signaling, inhibition of Src family kinases rescues the HSC differentiation defect elicited by ARID4B loss. In summary, the intrinsic ARID4B-KITLG/KIT-Src axis is an HSPC regulatory program that enables the differentiation state, while KIT stimulation by KITLG from niche cells preserves the HSPC undifferentiated pool. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) at the top of the hematopoietic hierarchy are able to self-renew and differentiate to mature blood cells. Young et al. report that an HSC self-control mechanism established by ARID4B ensures HSC differentiation. ARID4B-deficient HSCs produce KITLG to stimulate KIT, leading to blockage of HSC differentiation and eventual hematopoietic failure.
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27
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Gao W, Liu JL, Lu X, Yang Q. Epigenetic regulation of energy metabolism in obesity. J Mol Cell Biol 2021; 13:480-499. [PMID: 34289049 PMCID: PMC8530523 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjab043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally. Although modern adoption of a sedentary lifestyle coupled with energy-dense nutrition is considered to be the main cause of obesity epidemic, genetic preposition contributes significantly to the imbalanced energy metabolism in obesity. However, the variants of genetic loci identified from large-scale genetic studies do not appear to fully explain the rapid increase in obesity epidemic in the last four to five decades. Recent advancements of next-generation sequencing technologies and studies of tissue-specific effects of epigenetic factors in metabolic organs have significantly advanced our understanding of epigenetic regulation of energy metabolism in obesity. The epigenome, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and RNA-mediated processes, is characterized as mitotically or meiotically heritable changes in gene function without alteration of DNA sequence. Importantly, epigenetic modifications are reversible. Therefore, comprehensively understanding the landscape of epigenetic regulation of energy metabolism could unravel novel molecular targets for obesity treatment. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the roles of DNA methylation, histone modifications such as methylation and acetylation, and RNA-mediated processes in regulating energy metabolism. We also discuss the effects of lifestyle modifications and therapeutic agents on epigenetic regulation of energy metabolism in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jia-Li Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics, UC Irvine Diabetes Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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28
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Adipose tissue-derived neurotrophic factor 3 regulates sympathetic innervation and thermogenesis in adipose tissue. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5362. [PMID: 34508100 PMCID: PMC8433218 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25766-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of brown fat thermogenesis increases energy expenditure and alleviates obesity. Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is important in brown/beige adipocyte thermogenesis. Here we discover a fat-derived "adipokine" neurotrophic factor neurotrophin 3 (NT-3) and its receptor Tropomyosin receptor kinase C (TRKC) as key regulators of SNS growth and innervation in adipose tissue. NT-3 is highly expressed in brown/beige adipocytes, and potently stimulates sympathetic neuron neurite growth. NT-3/TRKC regulates a plethora of pathways in neuronal axonal growth and elongation. Adipose tissue sympathetic innervation is significantly increased in mice with adipocyte-specific NT-3 overexpression, but profoundly reduced in mice with TRKC haploinsufficiency (TRKC +/-). Increasing NT-3 via pharmacological or genetic approach promotes beige adipocyte development, enhances cold-induced thermogenesis and protects against diet-induced obesity (DIO); whereas TRKC + /- or SNS TRKC deficient mice are cold intolerant and prone to DIO. Thus, NT-3 is a fat-derived neurotrophic factor that regulates SNS innervation, energy metabolism and obesity.
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29
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Yan L, Jin W, Zhao Q, Cui X, Shi T, Xu Y, Li F, Jin W, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Tang Q, Pan D. PWWP2B Fine-Tunes Adipose Thermogenesis by Stabilizing HDACs in a NuRD Subcomplex. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2102060. [PMID: 34180153 PMCID: PMC8373154 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are widely involved in many biological processes, as well as in control of brown and beige adipose physiology, but the precise molecular mechanisms by which HDACs are assembled into transcriptional machinery to fine-tune thermogenic program remain ill-defined. PWWP domain containing 2b (PWWP2B), which is identified as a component of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylation complex (NuRD), interacts and stabilizes HDAC1/2 at the thermogenic gene promoters to suppress their expression. Ablation of Pwwp2b promotes adipocyte thermogenesis and ameliorates diet-induced obesity in vivo. Intriguingly, Pwwp2b is not only a brown fat-enriched gene but also dramatically induced by cold and sympathetic stimulation, which may serve as a physiological brake to avoid over-activation of thermogenesis in brown and beige fat cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
| | - Weiwei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
| | - Qingwen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
| | - Xuan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
| | - Ting Shi
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
| | - Yingjiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
| | - Feiyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
| | - Wenfang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
| | - Qi‐Qun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
| | - Dongning Pan
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
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30
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Wang S, Cao Q, Cui X, Jing J, Li F, Shi H, Xue B, Shi H. Dnmt3b Deficiency in Myf5 +-Brown Fat Precursor Cells Promotes Obesity in Female Mice. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1087. [PMID: 34439754 PMCID: PMC8393658 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing energy expenditure through activation of brown fat thermogenesis is a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of obesity. Epigenetic regulation has emerged as a key player in regulating brown fat development and thermogenic program. Here, we aimed to study the role of DNA methyltransferase 3b (Dnmt3b), a DNA methyltransferase involved in de novo DNA methylation, in the regulation of brown fat function and energy homeostasis. We generated a genetic model with Dnmt3b deletion in brown fat-skeletal lineage precursor cells (3bKO mice) by crossing Dnmt3b-floxed (fl/fl) mice with Myf5-Cre mice. Female 3bKO mice are prone to diet-induced obesity, which is associated with decreased energy expenditure. Dnmt3b deficiency also impairs cold-induced thermogenic program in brown fat. Surprisingly, further RNA-seq analysis reveals a profound up-regulation of myogenic markers in brown fat of 3bKO mice, suggesting a myocyte-like remodeling in brown fat. Further motif enrichment and pyrosequencing analysis suggests myocyte enhancer factor 2C (Mef2c) as a mediator for the myogenic alteration in Dnmt3b-deficient brown fat, as indicated by decreased methylation at its promoter. Our data demonstrate that brown fat Dnmt3b is a key regulator of brown fat development, energy metabolism and obesity in female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirong Wang
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (S.W.); (Q.C.); (X.C.); (J.J.); (F.L.)
| | - Qiang Cao
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (S.W.); (Q.C.); (X.C.); (J.J.); (F.L.)
| | - Xin Cui
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (S.W.); (Q.C.); (X.C.); (J.J.); (F.L.)
| | - Jia Jing
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (S.W.); (Q.C.); (X.C.); (J.J.); (F.L.)
| | - Fenfen Li
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (S.W.); (Q.C.); (X.C.); (J.J.); (F.L.)
| | - Huidong Shi
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
| | - Bingzhong Xue
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (S.W.); (Q.C.); (X.C.); (J.J.); (F.L.)
| | - Hang Shi
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (S.W.); (Q.C.); (X.C.); (J.J.); (F.L.)
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Liu Y, Yang H, Liu X, Gu H, Li Y, Sun C. Protein acetylation: a novel modus of obesity regulation. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1221-1235. [PMID: 34061242 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02082-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic epidemic disease worldwide which has become one of the important public health issues. It is a process that excessive accumulation of adipose tissue caused by long-term energy intake exceeding energy expenditure. So far, the prevention and treatment strategies of obesity on individuals and population have not been successful in the long term. Acetylation is one of the most common ways of protein post-translational modification (PTM). It exists on thousands of non-histone proteins in almost every cell chamber. It has many influences on protein levels and metabolome levels, which is involved in a variety of metabolic reactions, including sugar metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and fatty acid metabolism, which are closely related to biological activities. Studies have shown that protein acetylation levels are dynamically regulated by lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) and lysine deacetylases (KDACs). Protein acetylation modifies protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions and regulates the activity of enzymes or cytokines which is related to obesity in order to participate in the occurrence and treatment of obesity-related metabolic diseases. Therefore, we speculated that acetylation was likely to become effective means of controlling obesity in the future. In consequence, this review focuses on the mechanisms of protein acetylation controlled obesity, to provide theoretical basis for controlling obesity and curing obesity-related diseases, which is a significance for regulating obesity in the future. This review will focus on the role of protein acetylation in controlling obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuanchen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huihui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yizhou Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Brandão BB, Poojari A, Rabiee A. Thermogenic Fat: Development, Physiological Function, and Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5906. [PMID: 34072788 PMCID: PMC8198523 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The concerning worldwide increase of obesity and chronic metabolic diseases, such as T2D, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease, motivates further investigations into preventive and alternative therapeutic approaches. Over the past decade, there has been growing evidence that the formation and activation of thermogenic adipocytes (brown and beige) may serve as therapy to treat obesity and its associated diseases owing to its capacity to increase energy expenditure and to modulate circulating lipids and glucose levels. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanism of brown and beige adipocytes formation and activation will facilitate the development of strategies to combat metabolic disorders. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of pathways and players involved in the development of brown and beige fat, as well as the role of thermogenic adipocytes in energy homeostasis and metabolism. Furthermore, we discuss the alterations in brown and beige adipose tissue function during obesity and explore the therapeutic potential of thermogenic activation to treat metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna B. Brandão
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
| | - Ankita Poojari
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA;
| | - Atefeh Rabiee
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA;
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Chu XY, Zhang CC, Zhang RX, Zhang JF, Xia B, Wu JW. Identification of Dacinostat as a potential anti-obesity compound through transcriptional activation of adipose thermogenesis in mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166169. [PMID: 34000373 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide health problem. Activating fat mobilization and reducing fat synthesis is a promising strategy to mitigate obesity and its complicated metabolic diseases. However, few clinically effective and safe agents conform to the strategy. In the present study, by screening the next-generation L1000-based CMAP small molecule library, we identify histone deacetylase inhibitor Dacinostat, which has been previously tested in clinical trials for patients with advanced solid tumors, as an anti-obesity candidate. Administration of Dacinostat prevents high-fat diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance, and fatty liver in mice without causing adverse effects. Dacinostat treatment enhances adipose thermogenesis as shown by elevated body temperature, accompanied with high mRNA expression of Ucp1 and Ppargc1α. Mechanistically, we show that the thermogenic effect of Dacinostat is achieved by acetylation of histone 3 lysine 27 mediated transcriptional activation of Ucp1 and Ppargc1α in adipose tissue. In conclusion, these findings suggest that Dacinostat is a potential anti-obesity compound through transcriptional activation of adipose thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yi Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Cong Cong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Rui Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jian Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Bo Xia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jiang Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Nanduri R. Epigenetic Regulators of White Adipocyte Browning. EPIGENOMES 2021; 5:3. [PMID: 34968255 PMCID: PMC8594687 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes5010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes play an essential role in maintaining energy homeostasis in mammals. The primary function of white adipose tissue (WAT) is to store energy; for brown adipose tissue (BAT), primary function is to release fats in the form of heat. Dysfunctional or excess WAT can induce metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia, obesity, and diabetes. Preadipocytes or adipocytes from WAT possess sufficient plasticity as they can transdifferentiate into brown-like beige adipocytes. Studies in both humans and rodents showed that brown and beige adipocytes could improve metabolic health and protect from metabolic disorders. Brown fat requires activation via exposure to cold or β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) agonists to protect from hypothermia. Considering the fact that the usage of β-AR agonists is still in question with their associated side effects, selective induction of WAT browning is therapeutically important instead of activating of BAT. Hence, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing white adipocyte browning is vital. At the same time, it is also essential to understand the factors that define white adipocyte identity and inhibit white adipocyte browning. This literature review is a comprehensive and focused update on the epigenetic regulators crucial for differentiation and browning of white adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravikanth Nanduri
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Abstract
We discovered a unique expression pattern of two histone methyltransferases Suv39h1 and Suv39h2 during 3T3-L1 adipogenesis, both of which preferentially catalyse the formation of H3K9 dimethylation (H3K9me2) and further H3K9 trimethylation (H3K9me3), a transcriptional repressive mark. The expression of Suv39h1 and Suv39h2 displayed a sharp increase at the early stage of 3T3-L1 differentiation, which peaked after differentiation induction, and then declined towards later stage of differentiation, suggesting a key role for these two histone methyltransferases in adipogenesis. Indeed, inactivating Suv39h1 or Suv39h2 via lentiviral shRNA knockdown inhibited adipogenesis, while overexpressing Suv39h1 promoted adipogenesis. Notably, overexpressing or knocking down Suv39h1 in 3T3-L1 cells was associated with reciprocal changes in the expression of Wnt10a, an anti-adipogenic regulator. Further, Wnt10a knockdown largely prevented the inhibitory effect of Suv39h1 on adipogenesis, indicating Wnt10a as a downstream target mediating Suv39h1’s action in adipogenesis. Mechanistically, our comprehensive approaches involving ChIP, co-immunoprecipitation and pyrosequencing analysis demonstrated that Suv39h1 may regulate Wnt10a expression via H3K9 methylation and interaction with DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) at the Wnt10a promoter, resulting in altered DNA methylation at the promoter. We conclude that Suv39h promotes adipogenesis by epigenetically down-regulating Wnt10a expression via H3K9me3 and DNA methylation at the Wnt10a promoter.Abbreviated title: Suv39h and 3T3-L1 Adipogenesis
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Jing
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Fenfen Li
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lin Zha
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Clinical Center of Spaceport, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaosong Yang
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Key Laboratory on Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shirong Wang
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bingzhong Xue
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hang Shi
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Castellano-Castillo D, Ramos-Molina B, Cardona F, Queipo-Ortuño MI. Epigenetic regulation of white adipose tissue in the onset of obesity and metabolic diseases. Obes Rev 2020; 21:e13054. [PMID: 32542987 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic syndrome are among the most prevalent health problems in developed countries. The impairment of adipose tissue (AT) function is partially responsible for the aetiology of these conditions. Epigenetics refers to several processes that add modifications to either the DNA or chromatin architectural proteins (histones). These processes can regulate gene expression, chromatin compaction and DNA repair. Epigenetics includes mechanisms by which the cell can adapt the cellular response to the environmental conditions. Here, we review the role of epigenetics in the onset of obesity and related metabolic disorders, with special focus on AT. We highlight the importance of nutrients and lifestyle in the regulation of the epigenetic mechanisms and how they can impact on AT plasticity and function in obesity and metabolic diseases. Thus, the epigenetic landscape emerges as a fine-tune regulator of the cellular responses according to the energetic, metabolic and physiological conditions of the cell. Alterations in metabolic pathways deregulated during obesity and metabolic syndrome could in part explain the disturbances in the epigenetic marks of the AT in these disorders. The understanding of how this epigenetic deregulation may affect AT biology and function could lead to new therapeutic approaches based on epigenetic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Castellano-Castillo
- Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Bruno Ramos-Molina
- Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Fernando Cardona
- Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - María Isabel Queipo-Ortuño
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Intercentros de Oncología Medica, Hospitales Universitarios Regional y Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-CIMES-UMA, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
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Asif S, Morrow NM, Mulvihill EE, Kim KH. Understanding Dietary Intervention-Mediated Epigenetic Modifications in Metabolic Diseases. Front Genet 2020; 11:590369. [PMID: 33193730 PMCID: PMC7593700 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.590369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of metabolic disorders, such as obesity, diabetes and fatty liver disease, is dramatically increasing. Both genetic and environmental factors are well-known contributors to the development of these diseases and therefore, the study of epigenetics can provide additional mechanistic insight. Dietary interventions, including caloric restriction, intermittent fasting or time-restricted feeding, have shown promising improvements in patients' overall metabolic profiles (i.e., reduced body weight, improved glucose homeostasis), and an increasing number of studies have associated these beneficial effects with epigenetic alterations. In this article, we review epigenetic changes involved in both metabolic diseases and dietary interventions in primary metabolic tissues (i.e., adipose, liver, and pancreas) in hopes of elucidating potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaza Asif
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Nadya M. Morrow
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Erin E. Mulvihill
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kyoung-Han Kim
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Damal Villivalam S, You D, Kim J, Lim HW, Xiao H, Zushin PJH, Oguri Y, Amin P, Kang S. TET1 is a beige adipocyte-selective epigenetic suppressor of thermogenesis. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4313. [PMID: 32855402 PMCID: PMC7453011 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18054-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that beige fat thermogenesis is tightly controlled by epigenetic regulators that sense environmental cues such as temperature. Here, we report that subcutaneous adipose expression of the DNA demethylase TET1 is suppressed by cold and other stimulators of beige adipocyte thermogenesis. TET1 acts as an autonomous repressor of key thermogenic genes, including Ucp1 and Ppargc1a, in beige adipocytes. Adipose-selective Tet1 knockout mice generated by using Fabp4-Cre improves cold tolerance and increases energy expenditure and protects against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Moreover, the suppressive role of TET1 in the thermogenic gene regulation of beige adipocytes is largely DNA demethylase-independent. Rather, TET1 coordinates with HDAC1 to mediate the epigenetic changes to suppress thermogenic gene transcription. Taken together, TET1 is a potent beige-selective epigenetic breaker of the thermogenic gene program. Our findings may lead to a therapeutic strategy to increase energy expenditure in obesity and related metabolic disorders. Epigenetic regulators contribute to the modulation of adipose thermogenesis by sensing environmental cues and regulating gene expression in response. Here the authors report that a DNA demethylase TET1 mediates epigenetic changes to repress thermogenic genes in mouse adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Damal Villivalam
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Dongjoo You
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Jinse Kim
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Hee Woong Lim
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Department of Pediatrics & Biomedical Informatics, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Ave. MLC 7024, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Han Xiao
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Pete-James H Zushin
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Yasuo Oguri
- UCSF Diabetes Center, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Pouya Amin
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Sona Kang
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
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Dzobo K, Senthebane DA, Ganz C, Thomford NE, Wonkam A, Dandara C. Advances in Therapeutic Targeting of Cancer Stem Cells within the Tumor Microenvironment: An Updated Review. Cells 2020; 9:E1896. [PMID: 32823711 PMCID: PMC7464860 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite great strides being achieved in improving cancer patients' outcomes through better therapies and combinatorial treatment, several hurdles still remain due to therapy resistance, cancer recurrence and metastasis. Drug resistance culminating in relapse continues to be associated with fatal disease. The cancer stem cell theory posits that tumors are driven by specialized cancer cells called cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are a subpopulation of cancer cells known to be resistant to therapy and cause metastasis. Whilst the debate on whether CSCs are the origins of the primary tumor rages on, CSCs have been further characterized in many cancers with data illustrating that CSCs display great abilities to self-renew, resist therapies due to enhanced epithelial to mesenchymal (EMT) properties, enhanced expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) membrane transporters, activation of several survival signaling pathways and increased immune evasion as well as DNA repair mechanisms. CSCs also display great heterogeneity with the consequential lack of specific CSC markers presenting a great challenge to their targeting. In this updated review we revisit CSCs within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and present novel treatment strategies targeting CSCs. These promising strategies include targeting CSCs-specific properties using small molecule inhibitors, immunotherapy, microRNA mediated inhibitors, epigenetic methods as well as targeting CSC niche-microenvironmental factors and differentiation. Lastly, we present recent clinical trials undertaken to try to turn the tide against cancer by targeting CSC-associated drug resistance and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Dzobo
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Wernher and Beit Building (South), UCT Medical Campus, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (D.A.S.); (C.G.)
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Dimakatso Alice Senthebane
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Wernher and Beit Building (South), UCT Medical Campus, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (D.A.S.); (C.G.)
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Chelene Ganz
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Wernher and Beit Building (South), UCT Medical Campus, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (D.A.S.); (C.G.)
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Nicholas Ekow Thomford
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology and Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (N.E.T.); (A.W.); (C.D.)
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, PMB, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Ambroise Wonkam
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology and Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (N.E.T.); (A.W.); (C.D.)
| | - Collet Dandara
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology and Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (N.E.T.); (A.W.); (C.D.)
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Son MJ, Oh KJ, Park A, Kwon MG, Suh JM, Kim IC, Kim S, Lee SC, Kim WK, Bae KH. GATA3 induces the upregulation of UCP-1 by directly binding to PGC-1α during adipose tissue browning. Metabolism 2020; 109:154280. [PMID: 32473155 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity is recognized as the cause of multiple metabolic diseases and is rapidly increasing worldwide. As obesity is due to an imbalance in energy homeostasis, the promotion of energy consumption through browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy to counter the obesity epidemic. However, the molecular mechanisms of the browning process are not well understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of the GATA family of transcription factors on the browning process. METHODS We used qPCR to analyze the expression of GATA family members during WAT browning. In order to investigate the function of GATA3 in the browning process, we used the lentivirus system for the ectopic expression and knockdown of GATA3. Western blot and real-time qPCR analyses revealed the regulation of thermogenic genes upon ectopic expression and knockdown of GATA3. Luciferase reporter assays, co-immunoprecipitation, and chromatin immunoprecipitation were performed to demonstrate that GATA3 interacts with proliferator-activated receptor-γ co-activator-1α (PGC-1α) to regulate the promoter activity of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1). Enhanced energy expenditure by GATA3 was confirmed using oxygen consumption assays, and the mitochondrial content was assessed using MitoTracker. Furthermore, we examined the in vivo effects of lentiviral GATA3 overexpression and knockdown in inguinal adipose tissue of mice. RESULTS Gata3 expression levels were significantly elevated in the inguinal adipose tissue of mice exposed to cold conditions. Ectopic expression of GATA3 enhanced the expression of UCP-1 and thermogenic genes upon treatment with norepinephrine whereas GATA3 knockdown had the opposite effect. Luciferase reporter assays using the UCP-1 promoter region showed that UCP-1 expression was increased in a dose-dependent manner by GATA3 regardless of norepinephrine treatment. GATA3 was found to directly bind to the promoter region of UCP-1. Furthermore, our results indicated that GATA3 interacts with the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α to increase the expression of UCP-1. Taken together, we demonstrate that GATA3 has an important role in enhancing energy expenditure by increasing the expression of thermogenic genes both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION GATA3 may represent a promising target for the prevention and treatment of obesity by regulating thermogenic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Son
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Jin Oh
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Anna Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Gi Kwon
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Myoung Suh
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Chul Kim
- Department of Biology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Won Kon Kim
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang-Hee Bae
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Harris DA, Mina A, Cabarkapa D, Heshmati K, Subramaniam R, Banks AS, Tavakkoli A, Sheu EG. Sleeve gastrectomy enhances glucose utilization and remodels adipose tissue independent of weight loss. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 318:E678-E688. [PMID: 32069072 PMCID: PMC7395476 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00441.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) induces weight loss-independent improvements in glucose homeostasis by unknown mechanisms. We sought to identify the metabolic adaptations responsible for these improvements. Nonobese C57BL/6J mice on standard chow underwent SG or sham surgery. Functional testing and indirect calorimetry were used to capture metabolic phenotypes. Tissue-specific glucose uptake was assessed by 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18-FDG) PET/computed tomography, and RNA sequencing was used for gene-expression analysis. In this model, SG induced durable improvements in glucose tolerance in the absence of changes in weight, body composition, or food intake. Indirect calorimetry revealed that SG increased the average respiratory exchange ratio toward 1.0, indicating a weight-independent, systemic shift to carbohydrate utilization. Following SG, orally administered 18-FDG preferentially localized to white adipose depots, showing tissue-specific increases in glucose utilization induced by surgery. Transcriptional analysis with RNA sequencing demonstrated that increased glucose uptake in the visceral adipose tissue was associated with upregulation in transcriptional pathways involved in energy metabolism, adipocyte maturation, and adaptive and innate immune cell chemotaxis and differentiation. SG induces a rapid, weight loss-independent shift toward glucose utilization and transcriptional remodeling of metabolic and immune pathways in visceral adipose tissue. Continued study of this early post-SG physiology may lead to a better understanding of the anti-diabetic mechanisms of bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Harris
- Laboratory for Surgical and Metabolic Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amir Mina
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dimitrije Cabarkapa
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Keyvan Heshmati
- Laboratory for Surgical and Metabolic Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Renuka Subramaniam
- Laboratory for Surgical and Metabolic Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alexander S Banks
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ali Tavakkoli
- Laboratory for Surgical and Metabolic Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eric G Sheu
- Laboratory for Surgical and Metabolic Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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42
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Guo Y, Zhang X, Zhao Z, Lu H, Ke B, Ye X, Wu B, Ye J. NF- κ B/HDAC1/SREBP1c pathway mediates the inflammation signal in progression of hepatic steatosis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:825-836. [PMID: 32528830 PMCID: PMC7276689 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is activated in hepatocytes in the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis. However, the action mechanism of NF-κB remains to be established in the hepatic steatosis. In this study, the P50 subunit of NF-κB was found to promote the hepatic steatosis through regulation of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) in hepatocytes. The activity was supported by the phenotypes of P50 knockout (P50-KO) mice and P65 knockout (P65-KO) mice. Hepatic steatosis was reduced in the P50-KO mice, but not in the P65-KO mice. The reduction was a result of inhibition of HDAC1 activity in the P50-KO cells. Knockdown of Hdac1 gene led to suppression of hepatocyte steatosis in HepG2 cells. A decrease in sterol-regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP1c) protein was observed in the liver of P50-KO mice and in cell with Hdac1 knockdown. The decrease was associated with an increase in succinylation of SREBP1c protein. The study suggests that P50 stabilizes HDAC1 to support the SREBP1c activity in hepatic steatosis in the pathophysiological condition. Interruption of this novel pathway in the P50-KO, but not the P65-KO mice, may account for the difference in hepatic phenotypes in the two lines of transgenic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunwei Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
- Antioxidant and Gene Regulation Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Zhiyun Zhao
- Antioxidant and Gene Regulation Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Hongyun Lu
- Antioxidant and Gene Regulation Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Bilun Ke
- Antioxidant and Gene Regulation Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Xin Ye
- Antioxidant and Gene Regulation Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jianping Ye
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China
- Antioxidant and Gene Regulation Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
- Corresponding author.
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Hankir MK, Seyfried F. Do Bariatric Surgeries Enhance Brown/Beige Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:275. [PMID: 32425889 PMCID: PMC7203442 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bariatric surgeries induce marked and durable weight loss in individuals with morbid obesity through powerful effects on both food intake and energy expenditure. While alterations in gut-brain communication are increasingly implicated in the improved eating behavior following bariatric surgeries, less is known about the mechanistic basis for energy expenditure changes. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige adipose tissue (BeAT) have emerged as major regulators of whole-body energy metabolism in humans as well as in rodents due to their ability to convert the chemical energy in circulating glucose and fatty acids into heat. In this Review, we critically discuss the steadily growing evidence from preclinical and clinical studies suggesting that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG), the two most commonly performed bariatric surgeries, enhance BAT/BeAT thermogenesis. We address the documented mechanisms, highlight study limitations and finish by outlining unanswered questions in the subject. Further understanding how and to what extent bariatric surgeries enhance BAT/BeAT thermogenesis may not only aid in the development of improved obesity pharmacotherapies that safely and optimally target both sides of the energy balance equation, but also in the development of novel hyperglycemia and/or hyperlipidemia pharmacotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed K. Hankir
- Department of Experimental Surgery, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Florian Seyfried
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
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Kang HS, Lee JH, Oh KJ, Lee EW, Han BS, Park KY, Suh JM, Min JK, Chi SW, Lee SC, Bae KH, Kim WK. IDH1-dependent α-KG regulates brown fat differentiation and function by modulating histone methylation. Metabolism 2020; 105:154173. [PMID: 32035087 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Brown adipocytes play important roles in the regulation of energy homeostasis by uncoupling protein 1-mediated non-shivering thermogenesis. Recent studies suggest that brown adipocytes as novel therapeutic targets for combating obesity and associated diseases, such as type II diabetes. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying brown adipocyte differentiation and function are not fully understood. METHODS We employed previous findings obtained through proteomic studies performed to assess proteins displaying altered levels during brown adipocyte differentiation. Here, we performed assays to determine the functional significance of their altered levels during brown adipogenesis and development. RESULTS We identified isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) as upregulated during brown adipocyte differentiation, with subsequent investigations revealing that ectopic expression of IDH1 inhibited brown adipogenesis, whereas suppression of IDH1 levels promoted differentiation of brown adipocytes. Additionally, Idh1 overexpression resulted in increased levels of intracellular α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and inhibited the expression of genes involved in brown adipogenesis. Exogenous treatment with α-KG reduced brown adipogenesis during the early phase of differentiation, and ChIP analysis revealed that IDH1-mediated α-KG reduced trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 4 in the promoters of genes associated with brown adipogenesis. Furthermore, administration of α-KG decreased adipogenic gene expression by modulating histone methylation in brown adipose tissues of mice. CONCLUSION These results suggested that the IDH1-α-KG axis plays an important role in regulating brown adipocyte differentiation and might represent a therapeutic target for treating metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Sup Kang
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Jin Oh
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Woo Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Baek Soo Han
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Young Park
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Myoung Suh
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ki Min
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Wook Chi
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hee Bae
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Won Kon Kim
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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45
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Yi D, Nguyen HP, Sul HS. Epigenetic dynamics of the thermogenic gene program of adipocytes. Biochem J 2020; 477:1137-1148. [PMID: 32219439 PMCID: PMC8594062 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a metabolically beneficial organ capable of burning fat by dissipating chemical energy into heat, thereby increasing energy expenditure. Moreover, subcutaneous white adipose tissue can undergo so-called browning/beiging. The recent recognition of the presence of brown or beige adipocytes in human adults has attracted much attention to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the thermogenic adipose program. Many key transcriptional regulators critical for the thermogenic gene program centering on activating the UCP1 promoter, have been discovered. Thermogenic gene expression in brown adipocytes rely on co-ordinated actions of a multitude of transcription factors, including EBF2, PPARγ, Zfp516 and Zc3h10. These transcription factors probably integrate into a cohesive network for BAT gene program. Moreover, these transcription factors recruit epigenetic factors, such as LSD1 and MLL3/4, for specific histone signatures to establish the favorable chromatin landscape. In this review, we discuss advances made in understanding the molecular mechanism underlying the thermogenic gene program, particularly epigenetic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Yi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology and Endocrinology Program, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A
| | - Hai P Nguyen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology and Endocrinology Program, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A
| | - Hei Sook Sul
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology and Endocrinology Program, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A
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Concise Review: The Regulatory Mechanism of Lysine Acetylation in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:7618506. [PMID: 32399051 PMCID: PMC7204305 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7618506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the use of MSCs has attracted considerable attention in the global science and technology field, with the self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation potential for diabetes, obesity treatment, bone repair, nerve repair, myocardial repair, and so on. Epigenetics plays an important role in the regulation of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation, which has become a research hotspot in the medical field. This review focuses on the role of lysine acetylation modification on the determination of MSC differentiation direction. During this progress, the recruitment of lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) and lysine deacetylases (KDACs) is the crux of transcriptional mechanisms in the dynamic regulation of key genes controlling MSC multidirectional differentiation.
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47
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Min BK, Kang HJ, Choi BJ, Jeon YH, Cho JY, Lee IK, Kim DW. Phenylbutyrate Ameliorates High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity via Brown Adipose Tissue Activation. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 42:1554-1561. [PMID: 31474715 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b19-00346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Obesity, which is characterized by an excessive accumulation of body fat, is one of the critical factors causing metabolic syndrome. Many studies have been performed to identify appropriate agents to control obesity, but toxicity remains a problem. Herein, we identified that phenylbutyrate (PBA), which has been used to treat urea cycle disorder with very low toxicity for a long time, efficiently inhibited high fat-induced body weight gain in a diet-induced obesity mouse model (DIO model). PBA treatment decreased body fat mass and increased lean composition. Moreover, PBA increased brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity by increasing glucose uptake, thereby improving glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance. Interestingly, PBA could induce the expression of liver type phosphofructokinase (PFKL), a key enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, and knocking down PFKL dramatically repressed the expression level of Ucp1 as well as those of Prdm16, Cidea, Pgc1α, and Pparγ, which are marker genes for BAT activation. These results strongly suggested that PBA could increase energy expenditure by increasing BAT activity via the induction of PFKL. Taken together, PBA could be used as a therapeutic agent for people with obesity to prevent the development of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byong-Keol Min
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University
| | - Hyeon-Ji Kang
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University
| | - Byung-Jun Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University
| | - Yong Hyun Jeon
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation
| | - Je-Yoel Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital.,Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital
| | - Dong Wook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University.,Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital
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Ong BX, Brunmeir R, Zhang Q, Peng X, Idris M, Liu C, Xu F. Regulation of Thermogenic Adipocyte Differentiation and Adaptive Thermogenesis Through Histone Acetylation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:95. [PMID: 32174890 PMCID: PMC7057231 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, the increasing prevalence of obesity and its associated metabolic disorders constitutes one of the most concerning healthcare issues for countries worldwide. In an effort to curb the increased mortality and morbidity derived from the obesity epidemic, various therapeutic strategies have been developed by researchers. In the recent years, advances in the field of adipocyte biology have revealed that the thermogenic adipose tissue holds great potential in ameliorating metabolic disorders. Additionally, epigenetic research has shed light on the effects of histone acetylation on adipogenesis and thermogenesis, thereby establishing the essential roles which histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) play in metabolism and systemic energy homeostasis. In regard to the therapeutic potential of thermogenic adipocytes for the treatment of metabolic diseases, herein, we describe the current state of knowledge of the regulation of thermogenic adipocyte differentiation and adaptive thermogenesis through histone acetylation. Furthermore, we highlight how different HATs and HDACs maintain the epigenetic transcriptional network to mediate the pathogenesis of various metabolic comorbidities. Finally, we provide insights into recent advances of the potential therapeutic applications and development of HAT and HDAC inhibitors to alleviate these pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda X. Ong
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Reinhard Brunmeir
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qiongyi Zhang
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Laboratory of Metabolic Medicine, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xu Peng
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Muhammad Idris
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chungang Liu
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Feng Xu
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- *Correspondence: Feng Xu
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Abstract
Understanding the mammalian energy balance can pave the way for future therapeutics that enhance energy expenditure as an anti-obesity and anti-diabetic strategy. Several studies showed that brown adipose tissue activity increases daily energy expenditure. However, the size and activity of brown adipose tissue is reduced in individuals with obesity and type two diabetes. Humans have an abundance of functionally similar beige adipocytes that have the potential to contribute to increased energy expenditure. This makes beige adipocytes a promising target for metabolic disease therapies. While brown adipocytes tend to be stable, beige adipocytes have a high level of plasticity that allows for the rapid and dynamic induction of thermogenesis by external stimuli such as low environmental temperatures. This means that after browning stimuli have been withdrawn beige adipocytes quickly transition back to their white adipose state. The detailed molecular mechanisms regulating beige adipocytes development, function, and reversibility are not fully understood. The goal of this review is to give a comprehensive overview of beige fat development and origins, along with the transcriptional and epigenetic programs that lead to beige fat formation, and subsequent thermogenesis in humans. An improved understanding of the molecular pathways of beige adipocyte plasticity will enable us to selectively manipulate beige cells to induce and maintain their thermogenic output thus improving the whole-body energy homeostasis.
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50
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Sharma C, Oh YJ, Park B, Lee S, Jeong CH, Lee S, Seo JH, Seo YH. Development of Thiazolidinedione-Based HDAC6 Inhibitors to Overcome Methamphetamine Addiction. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246213. [PMID: 31835389 PMCID: PMC6940941 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiazolidinedione is a five-membered heterocycle that is widely used in drug discovery endeavors. In this study, we report the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a series of thiazolidinedione-based HDAC6 inhibitors. In particular, compound 6b exerts an excellent inhibitory activity against HDAC6 with an IC50 value of 21 nM, displaying a good HDAC6 selectivity over HDAC1. Compound 6b dose-dependently induces the acetylation level of α-tubulin via inhibition of HDAC6 in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line. Moreover, compound 6b efficiently reverses methamphetamine-induced morphology changes of SH-SY5Y cells via regulating acetylation landscape of α-tubulin. Collectively, compound 6b represents a novel HDAC6-isoform selective inhibitor and demonstrates promising therapeutic potential for the treatment of methamphetamine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiranjeev Sharma
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea; (C.S.); (Y.J.O.); (B.P.); (S.L.); (C.-H.J.); (S.L.)
| | - Yong Jin Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea; (C.S.); (Y.J.O.); (B.P.); (S.L.); (C.-H.J.); (S.L.)
| | - Byoungduck Park
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea; (C.S.); (Y.J.O.); (B.P.); (S.L.); (C.-H.J.); (S.L.)
| | - Sooyeun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea; (C.S.); (Y.J.O.); (B.P.); (S.L.); (C.-H.J.); (S.L.)
| | - Chul-Ho Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea; (C.S.); (Y.J.O.); (B.P.); (S.L.); (C.-H.J.); (S.L.)
| | - Sangkil Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea; (C.S.); (Y.J.O.); (B.P.); (S.L.); (C.-H.J.); (S.L.)
| | - Ji Hae Seo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea;
| | - Young Ho Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea; (C.S.); (Y.J.O.); (B.P.); (S.L.); (C.-H.J.); (S.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-053-580-6639
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