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Zhao X, Ma R, Abulikemu A, Qi Y, Liu X, Wang J, Xu K, Guo C, Li Y. Proteomics revealed composition- and size-related regulators for hepatic impairments induced by silica nanoparticles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:170584. [PMID: 38309355 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Along with the growing production and application of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs), increased human exposure and ensuing safety evaluation have progressively attracted concern. Accumulative data evidenced the hepatic injuries upon SiNPs inhalation. Still, the understanding of the hepatic outcomes resulting from SiNPs exposure, and underlying mechanisms are incompletely elucidated. Here, SiNPs of two sizes (60 nm and 300 nm) were applied to investigate their composition- and size-related impacts on livers of ApoE-/- mice via intratracheal instillation. Histopathological and biochemical analysis indicated SiNPs promoted inflammation, lipid deposition and fibrosis in the hepatic tissue, accompanied by increased ALT, AST, TC and TG. Oxidative stress was activated upon SiNPs stimuli, as evidenced by the increased hepatic ROS, MDA and declined GSH/GSSG. Of note, these alterations were more dramatic in SiNPs with a smaller size (SiNPs-60) but the same dosage. LC-MS/MS-based quantitative proteomics unveiled changes in mice liver protein profiles, and filtered out particle composition- or size-related molecules. Interestingly, altered lipid metabolism and oxidative damage served as two critical biological processes. In accordance with correlation analysis and liver disease-targeting prediction, a final of 10 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were selected as key potential targets attributable to composition- (4 molecules) and size-related (6 molecules) liver impairments upon SiNPs stimuli. Overall, our study provided strong laboratory evidence for a comprehensive understanding of the harmful biological effects of SiNPs, which was crucial for toxicological evaluation to ensure nanosafety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Zhao
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ru Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Alimire Abulikemu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yi Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Kun Xu
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Caixia Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Yanbo Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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Cai X, Ito S, Noi K, Inoue M, Ushioda R, Kato Y, Nagata K, Inaba K. Mechanistic characterization of disulfide bond reduction of an ERAD substrate mediated by cooperation between ERdj5 and BiP. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105274. [PMID: 37739037 PMCID: PMC10591012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) is a protein quality control process that eliminates misfolded proteins from the ER. DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 10 (ERdj5) is a protein disulfide isomerase family member that accelerates ERAD by reducing disulfide bonds of aberrant proteins with the help of an ER-resident chaperone BiP. However, the detailed mechanisms by which ERdj5 acts in concert with BiP are poorly understood. In this study, we reconstituted an in vitro system that monitors ERdj5-mediated reduction of disulfide-linked J-chain oligomers, known to be physiological ERAD substrates. Biochemical analyses using purified proteins revealed that J-chain oligomers were reduced to monomers by ERdj5 in a stepwise manner via trimeric and dimeric intermediates, and BiP synergistically enhanced this action in an ATP-dependent manner. Single-molecule observations of ERdj5-catalyzed J-chain disaggregation using high-speed atomic force microscopy, demonstrated the stochastic release of small J-chain oligomers through repeated actions of ERdj5 on peripheral and flexible regions of large J-chain aggregates. Using systematic mutational analyses, ERAD substrate disaggregation mediated by ERdj5 and BiP was dissected at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Cai
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shogo Ito
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kentaro Noi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michio Inoue
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ryo Ushioda
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nagata
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Inaba
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo, Japan.
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3
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ERdj5 protects goblet cells from endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis under inflammatory conditions. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:401-412. [PMID: 36759578 PMCID: PMC9981579 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-00945-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress is closely associated with the onset and progression of inflammatory bowel disease. ERdj5 is an endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein disulfide reductase that mediates the cleavage and degradation of misfolded proteins. Although ERdj5 expression is significantly higher in the colonic tissues of patients with inflammatory bowel disease than in healthy controls, its role in inflammatory bowel disease has not yet been reported. In the current study, we used ERdj5-knockout mice to investigate the potential roles of ERdj5 in inflammatory bowel disease. ERdj5 deficiency causes severe inflammation in mouse colitis models and weakens gut barrier function by increasing NF-κB-mediated inflammation. ERdj5 may not be indispensable for goblet cell function under steady-state conditions, but its deficiency induces goblet cell apoptosis under inflammatory conditions. Treatment of ERdj5-knockout mice with the chemical chaperone ursodeoxycholic acid ameliorated severe colitis by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress. These findings highlight the important role of ERdj5 in preserving goblet cell viability and function by resolving endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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Melnyk A, Lang S, Sicking M, Zimmermann R, Jung M. Co-chaperones of the Human Endoplasmic Reticulum: An Update. Subcell Biochem 2023; 101:247-291. [PMID: 36520310 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-14740-1_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In mammalian cells, the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays central roles in the biogenesis of extracellular plus organellar proteins and in various signal transduction pathways. For these reasons, the ER comprises molecular chaperones, which are involved in import, folding, assembly, export, plus degradation of polypeptides, and signal transduction components, such as calcium channels, calcium pumps, and UPR transducers plus adenine nucleotide carriers/exchangers in the ER membrane. The calcium- and ATP-dependent ER lumenal Hsp70, termed immunoglobulin heavy-chain-binding protein or BiP, is the central player in all these activities and involves up to nine different Hsp40-type co-chaperones, i.e., ER membrane integrated as well as ER lumenal J-domain proteins, termed ERj or ERdj proteins, two nucleotide exchange factors or NEFs (Grp170 and Sil1), and NEF-antagonists, such as MANF. Here we summarize the current knowledge on the ER-resident BiP/ERj chaperone network and focus on the interaction of BiP with the polypeptide-conducting and calcium-permeable Sec61 channel of the ER membrane as an example for BiP action and how its functional cycle is linked to ER protein import and various calcium-dependent signal transduction pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Melnyk
- Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Sven Lang
- Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Mark Sicking
- Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Richard Zimmermann
- Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
| | - Martin Jung
- Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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Regulation of calcium homeostasis and flux between the endoplasmic reticulum and the cytosol. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102061. [PMID: 35609712 PMCID: PMC9218512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The concentration of Ca2+ in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is critically important for maintaining its oxidizing environment as well as for maintaining luminal ATP levels required for chaperone activity. Therefore, local luminal Ca2+ concentrations and the dynamic Ca2+ flux between the different subcellular compartments are tightly controlled. Influx of Ca2+ into the ER is enabled by a reductive shift, which opens the sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium transport ATPase pump, building the Ca2+ gradient across the ER membrane required for ATP import. Meanwhile, Ca2+ leakage from the ER has been reported to occur via the Sec61 translocon following protein translocation. In this review, we provide an overview of the complex regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis, Ca2+ flux between subcellular compartments, and the cellular stress response (the unfolded protein response) induced upon dysregulated luminal Ca2+ metabolism. We also provide insight into the structure and gating mechanism at the Sec61 translocon and examine the role of ER-resident cochaperones in assisting the central ER-resident chaperone BiP in the control of luminal Ca2+ concentrations.
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Regulation of Translation, Translocation, and Degradation of Proteins at the Membrane of the Endoplasmic Reticulum. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105576. [PMID: 35628387 PMCID: PMC9147092 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of mammalian cells is the central organelle for the maturation and folding of transmembrane proteins and for proteins destined to be secreted into the extracellular space. The proper folding of target proteins is achieved and supervised by a complex endogenous chaperone machinery. BiP, a member of the Hsp70 protein family, is the central chaperone in the ER. The chaperoning activity of BiP is assisted by ER-resident DnaJ (ERdj) proteins due to their ability to stimulate the low, intrinsic ATPase activity of BiP. Besides their co-chaperoning activity, ERdj proteins also regulate and tightly control the translation, translocation, and degradation of proteins. Disturbances in the luminal homeostasis result in the accumulation of unfolded proteins, thereby eliciting a stress response, the so-called unfolded protein response (UPR). Accumulated proteins are either deleterious due to the functional loss of the respective protein and/or due to their deposition as intra- or extracellular protein aggregates. A variety of metabolic diseases are known to date, which are associated with the dysfunction of components of the chaperone machinery. In this review, we will delineate the impact of ERdj proteins in controlling protein synthesis and translocation under physiological and under stress conditions. A second aspect of this review is dedicated to the role of ERdj proteins in the ER-associated degradation pathway, by which unfolded or misfolded proteins are discharged from the ER. We will refer to some of the most prominent diseases known to be based on the dysfunction of ERdj proteins.
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Hong DG, Song GY, Eom CB, Ahn JH, Kim SM, Shim A, Han YH, Roh YS, Han CY, Bae EJ, Ko HJ, Yang YM. Loss of ERdj5 exacerbates oxidative stress in mice with alcoholic liver disease via suppressing Nrf2. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 184:42-52. [PMID: 35390453 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease is the major cause of chronic liver diseases. Excessive alcohol intake results in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. ERdj5, a member of DNAJ family, is an ER-resident chaperone protein, whose role in alcoholic liver disease remains to be investigated. In this study, we aim to address the effect of ERdj5 on alcoholic liver disease and the underlying mechanism. Hepatic Dnajc10 (ERdj5) mRNA expression was elevated in both human and mouse alcoholic hepatitis. In mice subjected to chronic and binge ethanol feeding, ERdj5 levels were also markedly increased. Hepatic Dnajc10 correlated with Xbp1s mRNA. Tunicamycin, an ER stress inducer, increased ERdj5 levels. Dnajc10 knockout mice exhibited exacerbated alcohol-induced liver injury and hepatic steatosis. However, the macrophage numbers and chemokine levels were similar to those in wild-type mice. Depletion of Dnajc10 promoted oxidative stress. Ethanol feeding increased hepatic H2O2 levels, and these were further increased in Dnajc10 knockout mice. Additionally, Dnajc10-deficient hepatocytes produced large amounts of reactive oxygen species. Notably, Nrf2, a central regulator of oxidative stress, was decreased by depletion of Dnajc10 in the nuclear fraction of ethanol-treated mouse liver. Consistently, liver tissues from ethanol-fed Dnajc10 knockout mice had reduced expression of downstream antioxidant genes. Furthermore, hepatic glutathione content in the liver of knockout mice declined compared to wild-type mice. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that ethanol-induced ERdj5 may regulate the Nrf2 pathway and glutathione contents, and have protective effects on liver damage and alcohol-mediated oxidative stress in mice. These suggest that ERdj5 has the potential to protect against alcoholic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Gyun Hong
- Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; KNU Researcher Training Program for Developing Anti-Viral Innovative Drugs, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Yeon Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; KNU Researcher Training Program for Developing Anti-Viral Innovative Drugs, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Bin Eom
- Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; KNU Researcher Training Program for Developing Anti-Viral Innovative Drugs, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hee Ahn
- Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; KNU Researcher Training Program for Developing Anti-Viral Innovative Drugs, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Myoung Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; KNU Researcher Training Program for Developing Anti-Viral Innovative Drugs, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Aeri Shim
- Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hyun Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Roh
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Yeob Han
- School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Bae
- School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jeong Ko
- Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; KNU Researcher Training Program for Developing Anti-Viral Innovative Drugs, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Mee Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; KNU Researcher Training Program for Developing Anti-Viral Innovative Drugs, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Huang Y, Qi L, Kogiso M, Du Y, Braun FK, Zhang H, Huang LF, Xiao S, Teo WY, Lindsay H, Zhao S, Baxter P, Su JMF, Adesina A, Yang J, Brabetz S, Kool M, Pfister SM, Chintagumpala M, Perlaky L, Wang Z, Zhou Y, Man TK, Li XN. Spatial Dissection of Invasive Front from Tumor Mass Enables Discovery of Novel microRNA Drivers of Glioblastoma Invasion. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2101923. [PMID: 34719887 PMCID: PMC8655179 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202101923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse invasion is the primary cause of treatment failure of glioblastoma (GBM). Previous studies on GBM invasion have long been forced to use the resected tumor mass cells. Here, a strategy to reliably isolate matching pairs of invasive (GBMINV ) and tumor core (GBMTC ) cells from the brains of 6 highly invasive patient-derived orthotopic models is described. Direct comparison of these GBMINV and GBMTC cells reveals a significantly elevated invasion capacity in GBMINV cells, detects 23/768 miRNAs over-expressed in the GBMINV cells (miRNAINV ) and 22/768 in the GBMTC cells (miRNATC ), respectively. Silencing the top 3 miRNAsINV (miR-126, miR-369-5p, miR-487b) successfully blocks invasion of GBMINV cells in vitro and in mouse brains. Integrated analysis with mRNA expression identifies miRNAINV target genes and discovers KCNA1 as the sole common computational target gene of which 3 inhibitors significantly suppress invasion in vitro. Furthermore, in vivo treatment with 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) effectively eliminates GBM invasion and significantly prolongs animal survival times (P = 0.035). The results highlight the power of spatial dissection of functionally accurate GBMINV and GBMTC cells in identifying novel drivers of GBM invasion and provide strong rationale to support the use of biologically accurate starting materials in understanding cancer invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulun Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dushu Lake Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, 205124, China
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, China
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lin Qi
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Program of Precision Medicine PDOX Modeling of Pediatric Tumors, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Mari Kogiso
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yuchen Du
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Program of Precision Medicine PDOX Modeling of Pediatric Tumors, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Frank K Braun
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Huiyuan Zhang
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - L Frank Huang
- Department of Systems Medicine and Bioegineering, Houston Methodist Hospital Research Institute and Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, United States, 45229, United States
| | - Sophie Xiao
- Program of Precision Medicine PDOX Modeling of Pediatric Tumors, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Wan-Yee Teo
- Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Singapore, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Holly Lindsay
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sibo Zhao
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Patricia Baxter
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jack M F Su
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Adekunle Adesina
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jianhua Yang
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sebastian Brabetz
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Marcel Kool
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Stefan M Pfister
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Murali Chintagumpala
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Laszlo Perlaky
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, China
| | - Youxin Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, China
| | - Tsz-Kwong Man
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiao-Nan Li
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Program of Precision Medicine PDOX Modeling of Pediatric Tumors, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
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9
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Dual topology of co-chaperones at the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:203. [PMID: 34354047 PMCID: PMC8342575 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00594-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Dual topologies of proteins at the ER membrane are known for a variety of proteins allowing the same protein to exert different functions according to the topology adopted. A dual topology of the co-chaperone ERdj4, which resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), was proposed recently, a thesis that we found to align all published data and existing controversies into one whole picture. The aim of this review is to reassess all primary data available in the literature on ER-resident Hsp40 co-chaperones with respect to their topology. After careful and critical analyses of all experimental data published so far, we identified, next to ERdj4, two other co-chaperones, ERdj3 and ERdj6, that also display features of a dual topology at the ER membrane. We assume that during cellular stress subpools of some ER-resident J protein can alter their topology so that these proteins can exert different functions in order to adapt to cellular stress.
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10
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Sicking M, Lang S, Bochen F, Roos A, Drenth JPH, Zakaria M, Zimmermann R, Linxweiler M. Complexity and Specificity of Sec61-Channelopathies: Human Diseases Affecting Gating of the Sec61 Complex. Cells 2021; 10:1036. [PMID: 33925740 PMCID: PMC8147068 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of nucleated human cells has crucial functions in protein biogenesis, calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis, and signal transduction. Among the roughly one hundred components, which are involved in protein import and protein folding or assembly, two components stand out: The Sec61 complex and BiP. The Sec61 complex in the ER membrane represents the major entry point for precursor polypeptides into the membrane or lumen of the ER and provides a conduit for Ca2+ ions from the ER lumen to the cytosol. The second component, the Hsp70-type molecular chaperone immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein, short BiP, plays central roles in protein folding and assembly (hence its name), protein import, cellular Ca2+ homeostasis, and various intracellular signal transduction pathways. For the purpose of this review, we focus on these two components, their relevant allosteric effectors and on the question of how their respective functional cycles are linked in order to reconcile the apparently contradictory features of the ER membrane, selective permeability for precursor polypeptides, and impermeability for Ca2+. The key issues are that the Sec61 complex exists in two conformations: An open and a closed state that are in a dynamic equilibrium with each other, and that BiP contributes to its gating in both directions in cooperation with different co-chaperones. While the open Sec61 complex forms an aqueous polypeptide-conducting- and transiently Ca2+-permeable channel, the closed complex is impermeable even to Ca2+. Therefore, we discuss the human hereditary and tumor diseases that are linked to Sec61 channel gating, termed Sec61-channelopathies, as disturbances of selective polypeptide-impermeability and/or aberrant Ca2+-permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Sicking
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Saarland University, D-66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Sven Lang
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Saarland University, D-66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Florian Bochen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, D-66421 Homburg, Germany; (F.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Andreas Roos
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Essen University Hospital, D-45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Joost P. H. Drenth
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Muhammad Zakaria
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan;
| | - Richard Zimmermann
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Saarland University, D-66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Maximilian Linxweiler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, D-66421 Homburg, Germany; (F.B.); (M.L.)
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11
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Cobb DW, Kudyba HM, Villegas A, Hoopmann MR, Baptista RP, Bruton B, Krakowiak M, Moritz RL, Muralidharan V. A redox-active crosslinker reveals an essential and inhibitable oxidative folding network in the endoplasmic reticulum of malaria parasites. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009293. [PMID: 33534803 PMCID: PMC7886143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria remains a major global health problem, creating a constant need for research to identify druggable weaknesses in P. falciparum biology. As important components of cellular redox biology, members of the Thioredoxin (Trx) superfamily of proteins have received interest as potential drug targets in Apicomplexans. However, the function and essentiality of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized Trx-domain proteins within P. falciparum has not been investigated. We generated conditional mutants of the protein PfJ2—an ER chaperone and member of the Trx superfamily—and show that it is essential for asexual parasite survival. Using a crosslinker specific for redox-active cysteines, we identified PfJ2 substrates as PfPDI8 and PfPDI11, both members of the Trx superfamily as well, which suggests a redox-regulatory role for PfJ2. Knockdown of these PDIs in PfJ2 conditional mutants show that PfPDI11 may not be essential. However, PfPDI8 is required for asexual growth and our data suggest it may work in a complex with PfJ2 and other ER chaperones. Finally, we show that the redox interactions between these Trx-domain proteins in the parasite ER and their substrates are sensitive to small molecule inhibition. Together these data build a model for how Trx-domain proteins in the P. falciparum ER work together to assist protein folding and demonstrate the suitability of ER-localized Trx-domain proteins for antimalarial drug development. One of the leading and persistent causes of childhood mortality in the world is malaria, which is caused by parasites from the genus Plasmodium. Unfortunately, the parasite has developed resistance to all available drugs, making the discovery of new drug targets and potential small molecule inhibitors of essential parasite biology a top priority. A critical pathway required for many different biological processes in the parasite is oxidative folding which requires members of the Thioredoxin (Trx) superfamily of proteins. But we know almost nothing about the function and essentiality of Trx-domain proteins that localize to the endoplasmic reticulum, the origin of the secretory pathway, within P. falciparum. Here we show that a network of Trx-domain containing proteins function together and are essential for parasite survival within human red blood cells. Further, we identify a small molecule inhibitor of the redox activities of these Trx-domain containing proteins. This study demonstrates the suitability of this pathway for future antimalarial drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W. Cobb
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Georgia, United States of America
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Heather M. Kudyba
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Georgia, United States of America
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Alejandra Villegas
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Georgia, United States of America
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Michael R. Hoopmann
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Rodrigo P. Baptista
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Georgia, United States of America
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Baylee Bruton
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Michelle Krakowiak
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Georgia, United States of America
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Robert L. Moritz
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Vasant Muralidharan
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Georgia, United States of America
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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12
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The Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperones in Protein Folding and Quality Control. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR AND SUBCELLULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 59:27-50. [PMID: 34050861 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-67696-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Molecular chaperones assist the folding of nascent chains in the cell. Chaperones also aid in quality control decisions as persistent chaperone binding can help to sort terminal misfolded proteins for degradation. There are two major molecular chaperone families in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that assist proteins in reaching their native structure and evaluating the fidelity of the maturation process. The ER Hsp70 chaperone, BiP, supports adenine nucleotide-regulated binding to non-native proteins that possess exposed hydrophobic regions. In contrast, the carbohydrate-dependent chaperone system involving the membrane protein calnexin and its soluble paralogue calreticulin recognize a specific glycoform of an exposed hydrophilic protein modification for which the composition is controlled by a series of glycosidases and transferases. Here, we compare and contrast the properties, mechanisms of action and functions of these different chaperones systems that work in parallel, as well as together, to assist a large variety of substrates that traverse the eukaryotic secretory pathway.
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13
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Gao Y, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Yu X, Zheng J. Recent Advances in Mouse Models of Sjögren's Syndrome. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1158. [PMID: 32695097 PMCID: PMC7338666 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a complex rheumatoid disease that mainly affects exocrine glands, resulting in xerostomia (dry mouth) and xerophthalmia (dry eye). SS is characterized by autoantibodies, infiltration into exocrine glands, and ectopic expression of MHC II molecules on glandular epithelial cells. In contrast to the well-characterized clinical and immunological features, the etiology and pathogenesis of SS remain largely unknown. Animal models are powerful research tools for elucidating the pathogenesis of human diseases. To date, many mouse models of SS, including induced models, in which disease is induced in mice, and genetic models, in which mice spontaneously develop SS-like disease, have been established. These mouse models have provided new insight into the pathogenesis of SS. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in the field of experimental SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhen Gao
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhongjian Zhang
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xinhua Yu
- Priority Area Asthma & Allergy, Research Center Borstel, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Members of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
| | - Junfeng Zheng
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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14
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Aguilà M, Bellingham J, Athanasiou D, Bevilacqua D, Duran Y, Maswood R, Parfitt DA, Iwawaki T, Spyrou G, Smith AJ, Ali RR, Cheetham ME. AAV-mediated ERdj5 overexpression protects against P23H rhodopsin toxicity. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 29:1310-1318. [PMID: 32196553 PMCID: PMC7254845 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhodopsin misfolding caused by the P23H mutation is a major cause of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP). To date, there are no effective treatments for adRP. The BiP co-chaperone and reductase ERdj5 (DNAJC10) is part of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) quality control machinery, and previous studies have shown that overexpression of ERdj5 in vitro enhanced the degradation of P23H rhodopsin, whereas knockdown of ERdj5 increased P23H rhodopsin ER retention and aggregation. Here, we investigated the role of ERdj5 in photoreceptor homeostasis in vivo by using an Erdj5 knockout mouse crossed with the P23H knock-in mouse and by adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector-mediated gene augmentation of ERdj5 in P23H-3 rats. Electroretinogram (ERG) and optical coherence tomography of Erdj5-/- and P23H+/-:Erdj5-/- mice showed no effect of ERdj5 ablation on retinal function or photoreceptor survival. Rhodopsin levels and localization were similar to those of control animals at a range of time points. By contrast, when AAV2/8-ERdj5-HA was subretinally injected into P23H-3 rats, analysis of the full-field ERG suggested that overexpression of ERdj5 reduced visual function loss 10 weeks post-injection (PI). This correlated with a significant preservation of photoreceptor cells at 4 and 10 weeks PI. Assessment of the outer nuclear layer (ONL) morphology showed preserved ONL thickness and reduced rhodopsin retention in the ONL in the injected superior retina. Overall, these data suggest that manipulation of the ER quality control and ER-associated degradation factors to promote mutant protein degradation could be beneficial for the treatment of adRP caused by mutant rhodopsin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yanai Duran
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Ryea Maswood
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | | | - Takao Iwawaki
- Division of Cell Medicine, Department of Life Science, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Giannis Spyrou
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, 581 83, Sweden
| | | | - Robin R Ali
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK
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15
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Cao X, Lilla S, Cao Z, Pringle MA, Oka OBV, Robinson PJ, Szmaja T, van Lith M, Zanivan S, Bulleid NJ. The mammalian cytosolic thioredoxin reductase pathway acts via a membrane protein to reduce ER-localised proteins. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs241976. [PMID: 32184267 PMCID: PMC7197872 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.241976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Folding of proteins entering the mammalian secretory pathway requires the insertion of the correct disulfides. Disulfide formation involves both an oxidative pathway for their insertion and a reductive pathway to remove incorrectly formed disulfides. Reduction of these disulfides is crucial for correct folding and degradation of misfolded proteins. Previously, we showed that the reductive pathway is driven by NADPH generated in the cytosol. Here, by reconstituting the pathway using purified proteins and ER microsomal membranes, we demonstrate that the thioredoxin reductase system provides the minimal cytosolic components required for reducing proteins within the ER lumen. In particular, saturation of the pathway and its protease sensitivity demonstrates the requirement for a membrane protein to shuttle electrons from the cytosol to the ER. These results provide compelling evidence for the crucial role of the cytosol in regulating ER redox homeostasis, ensuring correct protein folding and facilitating the degradation of misfolded ER proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Cao
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, Davidson Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Sergio Lilla
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Zhenbo Cao
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, Davidson Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Marie Anne Pringle
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, Davidson Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Ojore B V Oka
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, Davidson Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Philip J Robinson
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, Davidson Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Tomasz Szmaja
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, Davidson Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Marcel van Lith
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, Davidson Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Sara Zanivan
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Neil J Bulleid
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, Davidson Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
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16
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Wang Q, Wei W, Liu Y, Zheng Z, Du X, Jiao Y. HSP40 gene family in pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii: Genome-Wide identification and function analysis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:904-910. [PMID: 31415902 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
HSP40, also called DnaJ, functions as a molecular chaperone by binding to Hsp70 and plays critical roles in the growth, development, and response to heat stress. However, this gene family is rarely reported in pearl oyster. In this study, 31 putative HSP40 genes from Pinctada fucata martensii (PmHSP40) were identified through bioinformatics methods and classified into three groups according to the presence of the complete three domains (J, G/F zinc finger domain, and cysteine rich domain). Further analysis showed that the PmHSP40 genes are highly diverse in sequence, domain structure, and tissue and development expression profile, implying diversified functions. In addition, one highly induced PmHSP40 in low-temperature (PmHSP40LT) was cloned, and its function in temperature response was explored. PmHSP40LT has a full length of 1741 bp, containing 1059 bp ORF, 152 bp 5'UTR, and a 507 bp 3'UTR, and encodes 352 amino acids. PmHSP40LT expression was significantly induced at low (17 °C) and high temperature (32 °C) at 6 h, 1 d, and 3 d relative to the control group. Thus, PmHSP40LT possibly participates in response to high and low temperatures in pearl oyster. In conclusion, all these results provide a comprehensive basis for the further analysis of PmHSP40 function in pearl oysters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingheng Wang
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Wenlu Wei
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Zhe Zheng
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Xiaodong Du
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yu Jiao
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
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17
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Takesue Y, Wei FY, Fukuda H, Tanoue Y, Yamamoto T, Chujo T, Shinojima N, Yano S, Morioka M, Mukasa A, Kuratsu J, Tomizawa K. Regulation of growth hormone biosynthesis by Cdk5 regulatory subunit associated protein 1-like 1 (CDKAL1) in pituitary adenomas. Endocr J 2019; 66:807-816. [PMID: 31189758 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej18-0536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
CDK5 regulatory subunit associated protein 1-like 1 (CDKAL1) is a tRNA-modifying enzyme that catalyzes 2-methylthiolation (ms2) and has been implicated in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). CDKAL1-mediated ms2 is important for efficient protein translation and regulates insulin biosynthesis in pancreatic cells. Interestingly, an association between T2D and release of growth hormone (GH) has been reported in humans. However, it is unknown whether CDKAL1 is important for hormone production in the pituitary gland. The present study investigated the role of CDKAL1 in GH-producing pituitary adenomas (GHPAs). CDKAL1 activity was suppressed in GHPAs, as evidenced by a decrease in ms2, compared with non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs), which do not produce specific hormones. Downregulation of Cdkal1 using small interfering and short hairpin RNAs increased the biosynthesis and secretion of GH in rat GH3 cells. Depletion of Cdkal1 increased the cytosolic calcium level via downregulation of DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C10 (Dnajc10), which is an endoplasmic reticulum protein related to calcium homeostasis. This stimulated transcription of GH via upregulation of Pit-1. Moreover, CDKAL1 activity was highly sensitive to proteostatic stress and was upregulated by suppression of this stress. Taken together, these results suggest that dysregulation of CDKAL1 is involved in the pathogenesis of GHPAs, and that modulation of the proteostatic stress response might control CDKAL1 activity and facilitate treatment of GHPAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Takesue
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Fan-Yan Wei
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fukuda
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yuki Tanoue
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takeshi Chujo
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Naoki Shinojima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Shigetoshi Yano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fukuoka Neurosurgical Hospital, Fukuoka 811-1313, Japan
| | - Motohiro Morioka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Akitake Mukasa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Junichi Kuratsu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sakurajuji Hospital, Kumamoto 861-4173, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Tomizawa
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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18
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Roosen DA, Blauwendraat C, Cookson MR, Lewis PA. DNAJC
proteins and pathways to parkinsonism. FEBS J 2019; 286:3080-3094. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.14936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dorien A. Roosen
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics National Institute on AgingNational Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA
- School of Pharmacy University of Reading UK
| | - Cornelis Blauwendraat
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics National Institute on AgingNational Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA
| | - Mark R. Cookson
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics National Institute on AgingNational Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA
| | - Patrick A. Lewis
- School of Pharmacy University of Reading UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease UCL Institute of Neurology London UK
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19
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Kim MS, Yi EJ, Kim YI, Kim SH, Jung YS, Kim SR, Iwawaki T, Ko HJ, Chang SY. ERdj5 in Innate Immune Cells Is a Crucial Factor for the Mucosal Adjuvanticity of Cholera Toxin. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1249. [PMID: 31275300 PMCID: PMC6593289 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholera toxin (CT) is one of most strong mucosal adjuvants, but it cannot be clinically used owing to its toxicity. The cytosolic A1 subunit of CT (CTA1) is the molecule responsible for its immunostimulatory activity, which increases the concentration of cyclic AMP and causes the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines in innate immune cells. However, the importance of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) molecules involved in CTA1 retro-translocation to induce immune responses remained to be investigated. ERdj5 is an ER protein which is expected to transfer CTA1 to the Hrd1 complex for the retro-translocation of CTA1. In this study, we investigated the physiological relevance of ERdj5 in immune stimulation by CT. ERdj5-knockout (ERdj5 KO) mice had decreased production of antigen-specific IgG in the serum and IgA in the mucosal secretion after intranasal immunization with Ag and CT. Especially, IgG2c isotypes were specifically reduced in the absence of ERdj5. ERdj5 KO dendritic cells (DCs) failed to full activation with decreased expression of costimulatory molecules, such as MHC class II, CD80, and CD 86. In ERdj5 KO DCs, secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, was reduced. The cytokine signatures of several helper T cells were reduced in ERdj5 KO mice following intranasal CT immunization. The absence of ERdj5 affects the immunostimulatory properties of CT but does not affect the response to the CTB pentamer, the response to alum, total antibody production, or cytokine release from DCs exposed to CpG. Interestingly, CT enhanced the expression of ER stress proteins in ERdj5 KO innate immune cells. These results suggested that ERdj5 contributed as a decisive factor to the immunostimulatory capacity of CT via CTA1 retro-translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Sun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST), Ajou University, Suwon-si, South Korea
| | - Eun-Je Yi
- College of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST), Ajou University, Suwon-si, South Korea
| | - Young-In Kim
- College of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST), Ajou University, Suwon-si, South Korea
| | - So Hee Kim
- College of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST), Ajou University, Suwon-si, South Korea
| | - Yi-Sook Jung
- College of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST), Ajou University, Suwon-si, South Korea
| | - Seong-Ryeol Kim
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si, South Korea
| | - Takao Iwawaki
- Division of Cell Medicine, Department of Life Science, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
| | - Hyun-Jeong Ko
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si, South Korea
| | - Sun-Young Chang
- College of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST), Ajou University, Suwon-si, South Korea
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20
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Abstract
The site of protein folding and maturation for the majority of proteins that are secreted, localized to the plasma membrane or targeted to endomembrane compartments is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). It is essential that proteins targeted to the ER are properly folded in order to carry out their function, as well as maintain protein homeostasis, as accumulation of misfolded proteins could lead to the formation of cytotoxic aggregates. Because protein folding is an error-prone process, the ER contains protein quality control networks that act to optimize proper folding and trafficking of client proteins. If a protein is unable to reach its native state, it is targeted for ER retention and subsequent degradation. The protein quality control networks of the ER that oversee this evaluation or interrogation process that decides the fate of maturing nascent chains is comprised of three general types of families: the classical chaperones, the carbohydrate-dependent system, and the thiol-dependent system. The cooperative action of these families promotes protein quality control and protein homeostasis in the ER. This review will describe the families of the ER protein quality control network and discuss the functions of individual members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Adams
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, 240 Thatcher Road, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Michela E Oster
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, 240 Thatcher Road, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Daniel N Hebert
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, 240 Thatcher Road, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
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21
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Ushioda R, Nagata K. Redox-Mediated Regulatory Mechanisms of Endoplasmic Reticulum Homeostasis. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2019; 11:cshperspect.a033910. [PMID: 30396882 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a033910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a dynamic organelle responsible for many cellular functions in eukaryotic cells. Proper redox conditions in the ER are necessary for the functions of many luminal pathways and the maintenance of homeostasis. The redox environment in the ER is oxidative compared with that of the cytosol, and a network of oxidoreductases centering on the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI)-Ero1α hub complex is constructed for efficient electron transfer. Although these oxidizing environments are advantageous for oxidative folding for protein maturation, electron transfer is strictly controlled by Ero1α structurally and spatially. The ER redox environment shifts to a reductive environment under certain stress conditions. In this review, we focus on the reducing reactions that maintain ER homeostasis and introduce their significance in an oxidative ER environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Ushioda
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan.,Institute for Protein Dynamics, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nagata
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan.,Institute for Protein Dynamics, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
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22
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Apostolou E, Moustardas P, Iwawaki T, Tzioufas AG, Spyrou G. Ablation of the Chaperone Protein ERdj5 Results in a Sjögren's Syndrome-Like Phenotype in Mice, Consistent With an Upregulated Unfolded Protein Response in Human Patients. Front Immunol 2019; 10:506. [PMID: 30967862 PMCID: PMC6438897 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects mainly the exocrine glands. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress proteins have been suggested to participate in autoimmune and inflammatory responses, either acting as autoantigens, or by modulating factors of inflammation. The chaperone protein ERdj5 is an ER-resident disulfide reductase, required for the translocation of misfolded proteins during ER-associated protein degradation. In this study we investigated the role of ERdj5 in the salivary glands (SGs), in association with inflammation and autoimmunity. Methods:In situ expression of ERdj5 and XBP1 activation were studied immunohistochemically in minor SG tissues from primary SS patients and non-SS sicca-complaining controls. We used the mouse model of ERdj5 ablation and characterized its features: Histopathological, serological (antinuclear antibodies and cytokine levels), and functional (saliva flow rate). Results: ERdj5 was highly expressed in the minor SGs of SS patients, with stain intensity correlated to inflammatory lesion severity and anti-SSA/Ro positivity. Moreover, SS patients demonstrated higher XBP1 activation within the SGs. Remarkably, ablation of ERdj5 in mice conveyed many of the cardinal features of SS, like spontaneous inflammation in SGs with infiltrating T and B lymphocytes, distinct cytokine signature, excessive cell death, reduced saliva flow, and production of anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La autoantibodies. Notably, these features were more pronounced in female mice. Conclusions: Our findings suggest a critical connection between the function of the ER chaperone protein ERdj5 and autoimmune inflammatory responses in the SGs and provide evidence for a new, potent animal model of SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Apostolou
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Academic Joint Rheumatology Program, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Moustardas
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Takao Iwawaki
- Division of Cell Medicine, Department of Life Science, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
| | - Athanasios G Tzioufas
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Academic Joint Rheumatology Program, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Giannis Spyrou
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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23
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Donato L, Scimone C, Nicocia G, D'Angelo R, Sidoti A. Role of oxidative stress in Retinitis pigmentosa: new involved pathways by an RNA-Seq analysis. Cell Cycle 2018; 18:84-104. [PMID: 30569795 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1558873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a very heterogeneous inherited ocular disorder group characterized by progressive retinal disruption. Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) degeneration, due to oxidative stress which arrests the metabolic support to photoreceptors, represents one of the principal causes of RP. Here, the role of oxidative stress in RP onset and progression was analyzed by a comparative whole transcriptome analysis of human RPE cells, treated with 100 µg/ml of oxLDL and untreated, at different time points. Experiment was thrice repeated and performed on Ion ProtonTM sequencing system. Data analysis, including low quality reads trimming and gene expression quantification, was realized by CLC Genomics Workbench software. The whole analysis highlighted 14 clustered "macro-pathways" and many sub-pathways, classified by selection of 5271 genes showing the highest alteration of expression. Among them, 23 genes were already known to be RP causative ones (15 over-expressed and 8 down-expressed), and their enrichment and intersection analyses highlighted new 77 candidate related genes (49 over-expressed and 28 down-expressed). A final filtering analysis then highlighted 29 proposed candidate genes. This data suggests that many new genes, not yet associated with RP, could influence its etiopathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Donato
- a Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine , University of Messina , Messina , Italy.,b Department of Cutting-Edge Medicine and Therapies, Biomolecular Strategies and Neuroscience, Section of Applied Neuroscience, Molecular Genetics and Predictive Medicine , I.E.ME.S.T. ., Palermo , Italy
| | - Concetta Scimone
- a Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine , University of Messina , Messina , Italy.,b Department of Cutting-Edge Medicine and Therapies, Biomolecular Strategies and Neuroscience, Section of Applied Neuroscience, Molecular Genetics and Predictive Medicine , I.E.ME.S.T. ., Palermo , Italy
| | - Giacomo Nicocia
- c Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Rosalia D'Angelo
- a Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine , University of Messina , Messina , Italy.,b Department of Cutting-Edge Medicine and Therapies, Biomolecular Strategies and Neuroscience, Section of Applied Neuroscience, Molecular Genetics and Predictive Medicine , I.E.ME.S.T. ., Palermo , Italy
| | - Antonina Sidoti
- a Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine , University of Messina , Messina , Italy.,b Department of Cutting-Edge Medicine and Therapies, Biomolecular Strategies and Neuroscience, Section of Applied Neuroscience, Molecular Genetics and Predictive Medicine , I.E.ME.S.T. ., Palermo , Italy
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24
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Pobre KFR, Poet GJ, Hendershot LM. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone BiP is a master regulator of ER functions: Getting by with a little help from ERdj friends. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:2098-2108. [PMID: 30563838 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev118.002804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) represents the entry point into the secretory pathway where nascent proteins encounter a specialized environment for their folding and maturation. Inherent to these processes is a dedicated quality-control system that detects proteins that fail to mature properly and targets them for cytosolic degradation. An imbalance in protein folding and degradation can result in the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER, resulting in the activation of a signaling cascade that restores proper homeostasis in this organelle. The ER heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) family member BiP is an ATP-dependent chaperone that plays a critical role in these processes. BiP interacts with specific ER-localized DnaJ family members (ERdjs), which stimulate BiP's ATP-dependent substrate interactions, with several ERdjs also binding directly to unfolded protein clients. Recent structural and biochemical studies have provided detailed insights into the allosteric regulation of client binding by BiP and have enhanced our understanding of how specific ERdjs enable BiP to perform its many functions in the ER. In this review, we discuss how BiP's functional cycle and interactions with ERdjs enable it to regulate protein homeostasis in the ER and ensure protein quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Faye R Pobre
- From the Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Greg J Poet
- From the Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Linda M Hendershot
- From the Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
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25
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Li G, Zhao H, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhao H, Yang X, Guo X, Xu B. Environmental Stress Responses of DnaJA1, DnaJB12 and DnaJC8 in Apis cerana cerana. Front Genet 2018; 9:445. [PMID: 30349556 PMCID: PMC6186841 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
DnaJ, also known as Hsp40, plays important roles in maintaining the normal physiological state of an organism under stress conditions by mediating essential processes, such as protein synthesis, degradation, folding and metabolism. However, the exact functions of most DnaJ members are not fully understood in insects. Here, we identified three genes, AccDnaJA1, AccDnaJB12, and AccDnaJC8, in Apis cerana cerana and explored their connection with the environmental stress response. Quantitative real-time PCR results showed that the mRNA levels of AccDnaJA1, AccDnaJB12, and AccDnaJC8 were all induced under cold, UV, H2O2 and different pesticides treatment. The expression patterns of AccDnaJB12 and AccDnaJC8 were upregulated by CdCl2 and HgCl2 stress, while the transcriptional levels of AccDnaJA1 were downregulated by CdCl2 and HgCl2 stress. Western blot findings further indicated that AccDnaJB12 protein levels were increased by some stress conditions. Knockdown of each of these three genes downregulated the transcriptional patterns of several stress response-related genes at different levels. Functional analysis further demonstrated that the resistance of A. cerana cerana to lambda-cyhalothrin stress was reduced with knockdown of AccDnaJA1, AccDnaJB12, or AccDnaJC8, indicating that these three genes may be involved in the tolerance to this pesticide. Taken together, these findings indicate that AccDnaJA1, AccDnaJB12, and AccDnaJC8 may play pivotal roles in the stress response by facilitating honeybee survival under some adverse circumstances. To our knowledge, this is the first report that reveals the roles of DnaJ family proteins under different adverse circumstances in A. cerana cerana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Yanming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Huayu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Xinxin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Xingqi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Baohua Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
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26
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Hasegawa T, Yoshida S, Sugeno N, Kobayashi J, Aoki M. DnaJ/Hsp40 Family and Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurosci 2018; 11:743. [PMID: 29367843 PMCID: PMC5767785 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common devastating neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease. The precise molecular and cellular basis underlying PD still remains uncertain; however, accumulating evidence suggests that neuronal cell death is caused by a combination of environmental and genetic factors. Over the previous two decades, more than 20 genes have been identified as the cause of and/or risk for PD. Because sporadic and familial forms of PD have many similarities in clinical and neuropathological features, common molecular pathways, such as aberrant mitochondrial and protein homeostasis, are likely to exist in both conditions. Of the various genes and proteins involved in PD, the versatile DnaJ/Hsp40 co-chaperones have attracted particular attention since several genes encoding this protein family have been successively identified as the cause of the familial forms of PD/Parkinsonism. In this review, we will introduce the current knowledge regarding the integratory and modulatory effect of DnaJ/Hsp40 in various cellular functions and argue how the failure of these proteins may initiate and/or facilitate of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Hasegawa
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shun Yoshida
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoto Sugeno
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Junpei Kobayashi
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masashi Aoki
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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27
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Delaunay-Moisan A, Ponsero A, Toledano MB. Reexamining the Function of Glutathione in Oxidative Protein Folding and Secretion. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 27:1178-1199. [PMID: 28791880 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Disturbance of glutathione (GSH) metabolism is a hallmark of numerous diseases, yet GSH functions are poorly understood. One key to this question is to consider its functional compartmentation. GSH is present in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where it competes with substrates for oxidation by the oxidative folding machinery, composed in eukaryotes of the thiol oxidase Ero1 and proteins from the disulfide isomerase family (protein disulfide isomerase). Yet, whether GSH is required for proper ER oxidative protein folding is a highly debated question. Recent Advances: Oxidative protein folding has been thoroughly dissected over the past decades, and its actors and their mode of action elucidated. Genetically encoded GSH probes have recently provided an access to subcellular redox metabolism, including the ER. CRITICAL ISSUES Of the few often-contradictory models of the role of GSH in the ER, the most popular suggest it serves as reducing power. Yet, as a reductant, GSH also activates Ero1, which questions how GSH can nevertheless support protein reduction. Hence, whether GSH operates in the ER as a reductant, an oxidant, or just as a "blank" compound mirroring ER/periplasm redox activity is a highly debated question, which is further stimulated by the puzzling occurrence of GSH in the Escherichia coli periplasmic "secretory" compartment, aside from the Dsb thiol-reducing and oxidase pathways. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Addressing the mechanisms controlling GSH traffic in and out of the ER/periplasm and its recycling will help address GSH function in secretion. In addition, as thioredoxin reductase was recently implicated in ER oxidative protein folding, the relative contribution of each of these two reducing pathways should now be addressed. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 27, 1178-1199.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnès Delaunay-Moisan
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), LSOC, SBIGEM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud , Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Alise Ponsero
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), LSOC, SBIGEM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud , Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Michel B Toledano
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), LSOC, SBIGEM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud , Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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28
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Gutiérrez T, Simmen T. Endoplasmic reticulum chaperones tweak the mitochondrial calcium rheostat to control metabolism and cell death. Cell Calcium 2017; 70:64-75. [PMID: 28619231 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The folding of secretory proteins is a well-understood mechanism, based on decades of research on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperones. These chaperones interact with newly imported polypeptides close to the ER translocon. Classic examples for these proteins include the immunoglobulin binding protein (BiP/GRP78), and the lectins calnexin and calreticulin. Although not considered chaperones per se, the ER oxidoreductases of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family complete the folding job by catalyzing the formation of disulfide bonds through cysteine oxidation. Research from the past decade has demonstrated that ER chaperones are multifunctional proteins. The regulation of ER-mitochondria Ca2+ crosstalk is one of their additional functions, as shown for calnexin, BiP/GRP78 or the oxidoreductases Ero1α and TMX1. This function depends on interactions of this group of proteins with the ER Ca2+ handling machinery. This novel function makes perfect sense for two reasons: i. It allows ER chaperones to control mitochondrial apoptosis instantly without a lengthy bypass involving the upregulation of pro-apoptotic transcription factors via the unfolded protein response (UPR); and ii. It allows the ER protein folding machinery to fine-tune ATP import via controlling the speed of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, the role of ER chaperones in regulating ER-mitochondria Ca2+ flux identifies the progression of secretory protein folding as a central regulator of cell survival and death, at least in cell types that secrete large amount of proteins. In other cell types, ER protein folding might serve as a sentinel mechanism that monitors cellular well-being to control cell metabolism and apoptosis. The selenoprotein SEPN1 is a classic example for such a role. Through the control of ER-mitochondria Ca2+-flux, ER chaperones and folding assistants guide cellular apoptosis and mitochondrial metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Gutiérrez
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Thomas Simmen
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G2H7, Canada,.
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29
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Maegawa KI, Watanabe S, Noi K, Okumura M, Amagai Y, Inoue M, Ushioda R, Nagata K, Ogura T, Inaba K. The Highly Dynamic Nature of ERdj5 Is Key to Efficient Elimination of Aberrant Protein Oligomers through ER-Associated Degradation. Structure 2017; 25:846-857.e4. [PMID: 28479060 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ERdj5, composed of an N-terminal J domain followed by six thioredoxin-like domains, is the largest protein disulfide isomerase family member and functions as an ER-localized disulfide reductase that enhances ER-associated degradation (ERAD). Our previous studies indicated that ERdj5 comprises two regions, the N- and C-terminal clusters, separated by a linker loop and with distinct functional roles in ERAD. We here present a new crystal structure of ERdj5 with a largely different cluster arrangement relative to that in the original crystal structure. Single-molecule observation by high-speed atomic force microscopy visualized rapid cluster movement around the flexible linker loop, indicating the highly dynamic nature of ERdj5 in solution. ERdj5 mutants with a fixed-cluster orientation compromised the ERAD enhancement activity, likely because of less-efficient reduction of aberrantly formed disulfide bonds and prevented substrate transfer in the ERdj5-mediated ERAD pathway. We propose a significant role of ERdj5 conformational dynamics in ERAD of disulfide-linked oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichi Maegawa
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan; CREST, JST, Japan
| | - Satoshi Watanabe
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan; CREST, JST, Japan
| | - Kentaro Noi
- Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan; CREST, JST, Japan
| | - Masaki Okumura
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yuta Amagai
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Michio Inoue
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan; CREST, JST, Japan
| | - Ryo Ushioda
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8455, Japan; CREST, JST, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nagata
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8455, Japan; CREST, JST, Japan
| | - Teru Ogura
- Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan; CREST, JST, Japan
| | - Kenji Inaba
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan; CREST, JST, Japan.
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30
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Poet GJ, Oka OB, van Lith M, Cao Z, Robinson PJ, Pringle MA, Arnér ES, Bulleid NJ. Cytosolic thioredoxin reductase 1 is required for correct disulfide formation in the ER. EMBO J 2017; 36:693-702. [PMID: 28093500 PMCID: PMC5331760 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201695336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Folding of proteins entering the secretory pathway in mammalian cells frequently requires the insertion of disulfide bonds. Disulfide insertion can result in covalent linkages found in the native structure as well as those that are not, so-called non-native disulfides. The pathways for disulfide formation are well characterized, but our understanding of how non-native disulfides are reduced so that the correct or native disulfides can form is poor. Here, we use a novel assay to demonstrate that the reduction in non-native disulfides requires NADPH as the ultimate electron donor, and a robust cytosolic thioredoxin system, driven by thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1 or TXNRD1). Inhibition of this reductive pathway prevents the correct folding and secretion of proteins that are known to form non-native disulfides during their folding. Hence, we have shown for the first time that mammalian cells have a pathway for transferring reducing equivalents from the cytosol to the ER, which is required to ensure correct disulfide formation in proteins entering the secretory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg J Poet
- The Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, CMVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ojore Bv Oka
- The Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, CMVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Marcel van Lith
- The Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, CMVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Zhenbo Cao
- The Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, CMVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Philip J Robinson
- The Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, CMVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Marie Anne Pringle
- The Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, CMVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Elias Sj Arnér
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics (MBB), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Neil J Bulleid
- The Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, CMVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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31
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Yuan L, Song Z, Deng X, Zheng W, Guo Y, Yang Z, Deng H. Systematic analysis of genetic variants in Han Chinese patients with sporadic Parkinson's disease. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33850. [PMID: 27653456 PMCID: PMC5032117 DOI: 10.1038/srep33850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. Accumulated evidence confirms that genetic factors play a considerable role in PD pathogenesis. To examine whether point variants or haplotypes are associated with PD development, genotyping of 35 variants in 22 PD-related genes was performed in a well-characterized cohort of 512 Han Chinese PD patients and 512 normal controls. Both Pearson's χ2 test and haplotype analysis were used to evaluate whether variants or their haplotypes were associated with PD in this cohort. The only statistically significant differences in genotypic and allelic frequencies between the patients and the controls were in the DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C10 gene (DNAJC10) variant rs13414223 (P = 0.004 and 0.002, respectively; odds ratio = 0.652, 95% confidence interval: 0.496-0.857). No other variants or haplotypes exhibited any significant differences between these two groups (all corrected P > 0.05). Our findings indicate that the variant rs13414223 in the DNAJC10 gene, a paralog of PD-related genes DNAJC6 and DNAJC13, may play a protective role in PD. This suggests it may be a PD-associated gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamei Yuan
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi Song
- Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiong Deng
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen Zheng
- Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Medical Information, Information Security and Big Data Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhijian Yang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Deng
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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32
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Thulasitha WS, Kim Y, Umasuthan N, Jayasooriya RGPT, Kim GY, Nam BH, Noh JK, Lee J. Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 12 from Oplegnathus fasciatus: Molecular characterization, expression against immune stimuli, and biological activities related to oxidative stress. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 54:11-21. [PMID: 27026037 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.03.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 12 (TXNDC12) is a small, disulfide-containing protein that belongs to the thioredoxin (TXN) superfamily. In the present study, we identified and characterized a TXNDC12-like gene, designated OfTXNDC12, from rock bream, Oplegnathus fasciatus. OfTXNDC12 consists of seven exons interrupted by six introns. Comparative genomic structural analysis revealed that the TXNDC12 of vertebrates is a structurally conserved gene. The coding sequence of OfTXNDC12 comprises 522 bp, which encodes 173 amino acid residues with the conserved thioredoxin active site motif, CGAC, and a probable C-terminal ER retrieval motif, GDEL. Transcriptional analysis of OfTXNDC12 showed the highest concentrations of the mRNA transcript in the liver, implying that it has a significant role in the liver under normal physiological conditions. In comparison, injection of lipopolysaccharide, Edwardsiella tarda, Streptococcus iniae, polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly[I:C]) and rock bream iridovirus mostly triggered greater upregulation of OfTXNDC12 transcript levels in liver than in gill tissue, supporting its potential functional importance in the liver. Insulin disulfide reduction assay showed that the recombinant fusion protein (rOfTXNDC12) possesses significant thioredoxin activity. Treatment of LNCaP cells with the recombinant protein along with H2O2 revealed that rOfTXNDC12 increased the viability of cells and further supported its putative antioxidant capacity. Taken together, the results from our study suggest that OfTXNDC12 encodes for a potent antioxidant involved in redox regulation that shows significant responses to immune stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Shanthakumar Thulasitha
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Yucheol Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Navaneethaiyer Umasuthan
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - R G P T Jayasooriya
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Hye Nam
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 408-1 Sirang-ri, Gijang-up, Gijang-gun, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Koo Noh
- Genetics & Breeding Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Geoje, 53334, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea.
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Thulasitha WS, Umasuthan N, Jayasooriya RGPT, Noh JK, Park HC, Lee J. A thioredoxin domain-containing protein 12 from black rockfish Sebastes schlegelii: Responses to immune challenges and protection from apoptosis against oxidative stress. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 185-186:29-37. [PMID: 26945103 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Thioredoxin (TXN) superfamily proteins are identified by the presence of a thioredoxin active site with a conserved CXXC active motif. TXN members are involved in a wide range of biochemical and biological functions including redox regulation, refolding of disulfide containing proteins, and regulation of transcription factors. In the present study, a thioredoxin domain-containing protein 12 was identified and characterized from black rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii (RfTXNDC12). The full length of RfTXNDC12 consists of a 522-bp coding region encoding a 173-amino acid protein. It has a 29-amino acid signal peptide and a single TXN active site with a consensus atypical WCGAC active motif. Multiple sequence alignment revealed that the active site is conserved among vertebrates. RfTXNDC12 shares highest identity with its Epinephelus coioides homolog. Transcriptional analysis revealed its ubiquitous expression in a wide range of tissues with the highest expression in the ovary. Immune challenges conducted with Streptococcus iniae and poly I:C caused upregulation of RfTXNDC12 transcript levels in gills and peripheral blood cells (PBCs), while lipopolysaccharide injection caused downregulation of RfTXNDC12 in gills and upregulation in PBCs. Similar to TXN, RfTXNDC12 exhibited insulin disulfide reducing activity. Interestingly, the recombinant protein showed significant protection of LNCaP cells against apoptosis induced by H2O2-mediated oxidative stress in a concentration dependent manner. Collectively, the present data indicate that RfTXNDC12 is a TXN superfamily member, which could function as a potential antioxidant enzyme and be involved in a defense mechanism against immune challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Shanthakumar Thulasitha
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Development Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Navaneethaiyer Umasuthan
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Development Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - R G P T Jayasooriya
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Koo Noh
- Genetics & Breeding Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Geoje 656-842, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Chul Park
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan, Gyeonggido 425-707, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Development Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea.
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Feleciano DR, Arnsburg K, Kirstein J. Interplay between redox and protein homeostasis. WORM 2016; 5:e1170273. [PMID: 27386166 DOI: 10.1080/21624054.2016.1170273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The subcellular compartments of eukaryotic cells are characterized by different redox environments. Whereas the cytosol, nucleus and mitochondria are more reducing, the endoplasmic reticulum represents a more oxidizing environment. As the redox level controls the formation of intra- and inter-molecular disulfide bonds, the folding of proteins is tightly linked to its environment. The proteostasis network of each compartment needs to be adapted to the compartmental redox properties. In addition to chaperones, also members of the thioredoxin superfamily can influence the folding of proteins by regulation of cysteine reduction/oxidation. This review will focus on thioredoxin superfamily members and chaperones of C. elegans, which play an important role at the interface between redox and protein homeostasis. Additionally, this review will highlight recent methodological developments on in vivo and in vitro assessment of the redox state and their application to provide insights into the high complexity of redox and proteostasis networks of C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo R Feleciano
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V. , Berlin, Germany
| | - Kristin Arnsburg
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V. , Berlin, Germany
| | - Janine Kirstein
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V. , Berlin, Germany
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35
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Bromfield EG, McLaughlin EA, Aitken RJ, Nixon B. Heat Shock Protein member A2 forms a stable complex with angiotensin converting enzyme and protein disulfide isomerase A6 in human spermatozoa. Mol Hum Reprod 2015; 22:93-109. [DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gav073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Sato A, Kawashima T, Fujie M, Hughes S, Satoh N, Shimeld SM. Molecular basis of canalization in an ascidian species complex adapted to different thermal conditions. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16717. [PMID: 26577490 PMCID: PMC4649386 DOI: 10.1038/srep16717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Canalization is a result of intrinsic developmental buffering that ensures phenotypic robustness under genetic variation and environmental perturbation. As a consequence, animal phenotypes are remarkably consistent within a species under a wide range of conditions, a property that seems contradictory to evolutionary change. Study of laboratory model species has uncovered several possible canalization mechanisms, however, we still do not understand how the level of buffering is controlled in natural populations. We exploit wild populations of the marine chordate Ciona intestinalis to show that levels of buffering are maternally inherited. Comparative transcriptomics show expression levels of genes encoding canonical chaperones such as Hsp70 and Hsp90 do not correlate with buffering. However the expression of genes encoding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperones does correlate. We also show that ER chaperone genes are widely conserved amongst animals. Contrary to previous beliefs that expression level of Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) can be used as a measurement of buffering levels, we propose that ER associated chaperones comprise a cellular basis for canalization. ER chaperones have been neglected by the fields of development, evolution and ecology, but their study will enhance understanding of both our evolutionary past and the impact of global environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Sato
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
- Marine Biological Association of the UK, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 2PB, United Kingdom
| | - Takeshi Kawashima
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Manabu Fujie
- DNA Sequencing Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Samantha Hughes
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom
| | - Noriyuki Satoh
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Sebastian M Shimeld
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom
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37
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Li Y, Bu C, Li T, Wang S, Jiang F, Yi Y, Yang H, Zhang Z. Cloning and analysis of DnaJ family members in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Gene 2015; 576:88-98. [PMID: 26434795 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.09.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are involved in a variety of critical biological functions, including protein folding, degradation, and translocation and macromolecule assembly, act as molecular chaperones during periods of stress by binding to other proteins. Using expressed sequence tag (EST) and silkworm (Bombyx mori) transcriptome databases, we identified 27 cDNA sequences encoding the conserved J domain, which is found in DnaJ-type Hsps. Of the 27 J domain-containing sequences, 25 were complete cDNA sequences. We divided them into three types according to the number and presence of conserved domains. By analyzing the gene structures, intron numbers, and conserved domains and constructing a phylogenetic tree, we found that the DnaJ family had undergone convergent evolution, obtaining new domains to expand the diversity of its family members. The acquisition of the new DnaJ domains most likely occurred prior to the evolutionary divergence of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The expression of DnaJ genes in the silkworm was generally higher in the fat body. The tissue distribution of DnaJ1 proteins was detected by western blotting, demonstrating that in the fifth-instar larvae, the DnaJ1 proteins were expressed at their highest levels in hemocytes, followed by the fat body and head. We also found that the DnaJ1 transcripts were likely differentially translated in different tissues. Using immunofluorescence cytochemistry, we revealed that in the blood cells, DnaJ1 was mainly localized in the cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinü Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Cuiyu Bu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Tiantian Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Shibao Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Feng Jiang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yongzhu Yi
- The Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Huipeng Yang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhifang Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Pisoni GB, Ruddock LW, Bulleid N, Molinari M. Division of labor among oxidoreductases: TMX1 preferentially acts on transmembrane polypeptides. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 26:3390-400. [PMID: 26246604 PMCID: PMC4591685 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-05-0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian ER contains 23 members of the PDI superfamily. Their substrate specificity is largely unknown. TMX1 shows a preference for membrane-bound, cysteine-containing polypeptides. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the site of maturation for secretory and membrane proteins in eukaryotic cells. The lumen of the mammalian ER contains >20 members of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) superfamily, which ensure formation of the correct set of intramolecular and intermolecular disulfide bonds as crucial, rate-limiting reactions of the protein folding process. Components of the PDI superfamily may also facilitate dislocation of misfolded polypeptides across the ER membrane for ER-associated degradation (ERAD). The reasons for the high redundancy of PDI family members and the substrate features required for preferential engagement of one or the other are poorly understood. Here we show that TMX1, one of the few transmembrane members of the family, forms functional complexes with the ER lectin calnexin and preferentially intervenes during maturation of cysteine-containing, membrane-associated proteins while ignoring the same cysteine-containing ectodomains if not anchored at the ER membrane. As such, TMX1 is the first example of a topology-specific client protein redox catalyst in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Brambilla Pisoni
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, CH-6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland Università della Svizzera Italiana, CH-6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Lloyd W Ruddock
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Neil Bulleid
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Maurizio Molinari
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, CH-6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland Università della Svizzera Italiana, CH-6900 Lugano, Switzerland Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, School of Life Sciences, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Schorr S, Klein MC, Gamayun I, Melnyk A, Jung M, Schäuble N, Wang Q, Hemmis B, Bochen F, Greiner M, Lampel P, Urban SK, Hassdenteufel S, Dudek J, Chen XZ, Wagner R, Cavalié A, Zimmermann R. Co-chaperone Specificity in Gating of the Polypeptide Conducting Channel in the Membrane of the Human Endoplasmic Reticulum. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:18621-35. [PMID: 26085089 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.636639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammalian cells, signal peptide-dependent protein transport into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is mediated by a dynamic polypeptide-conducting channel, the heterotrimeric Sec61 complex. Previous work has characterized the Sec61 complex as a potential ER Ca(2+) leak channel in HeLa cells and identified ER lumenal molecular chaperone immunoglobulin heavy-chain-binding protein (BiP) as limiting Ca(2+) leakage via the open Sec61 channel by facilitating channel closing. This BiP activity involves binding of BiP to the ER lumenal loop 7 of Sec61α in the vicinity of tyrosine 344. Of note, the Y344H mutation destroys the BiP binding site and causes pancreatic β-cell apoptosis and diabetes in mice. Here, we systematically depleted HeLa cells of the BiP co-chaperones by siRNA-mediated gene silencing and used live cell Ca(2+) imaging to monitor the effects on ER Ca(2+) leakage. Depletion of either one of the ER lumenal BiP co-chaperones, ERj3 and ERj6, but not the ER membrane-resident co-chaperones (such as Sec63 protein, which assists BiP in Sec61 channel opening) led to increased Ca(2+) leakage via Sec6 complex, thereby phenocopying the effect of BiP depletion. Thus, BiP facilitates Sec61 channel closure (i.e. limits ER Ca(2+) leakage) via the Sec61 channel with the help of ERj3 and ERj6. Interestingly, deletion of ERj6 causes pancreatic β-cell failure and diabetes in mice and humans. We suggest that co-chaperone-controlled gating of the Sec61 channel by BiP is particularly important for cells, which are highly active in protein secretion, and that breakdown of this regulatory mechanism can cause apoptosis and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schorr
- From the Departments of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
| | | | - Igor Gamayun
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Armin Melnyk
- From the Departments of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
| | - Martin Jung
- From the Departments of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
| | - Nico Schäuble
- From the Departments of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
| | - Qian Wang
- the Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H7, Canada, and
| | - Birgit Hemmis
- the Division of Biophysics, Universität Osnabrück, FB Biologie/Chemie, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Florian Bochen
- From the Departments of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
| | - Markus Greiner
- From the Departments of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
| | - Pavel Lampel
- From the Departments of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
| | | | | | - Johanna Dudek
- From the Departments of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
| | - Xing-Zhen Chen
- the Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H7, Canada, and
| | - Richard Wagner
- the Division of Biophysics, Universität Osnabrück, FB Biologie/Chemie, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Adolfo Cavalié
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
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Okumura M, Kadokura H, Inaba K. Structures and functions of protein disulfide isomerase family members involved in proteostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 83:314-22. [PMID: 25697777 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an essential cellular compartment in which an enormous number of secretory and cell surface membrane proteins are synthesized and subjected to cotranslational or posttranslational modifications, such as glycosylation and disulfide bond formation. Proper maintenance of ER protein homeostasis (sometimes termed proteostasis) is essential to avoid cellular stresses and diseases caused by abnormal proteins. Accumulating knowledge of cysteine-based redox reactions catalyzed by members of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family has revealed that these enzymes play pivotal roles in productive protein folding accompanied by disulfide formation, as well as efficient ER-associated degradation accompanied by disulfide reduction. Each of PDI family members forms a protein-protein interaction with a preferential partner to fulfill a distinct function. Multiple redox pathways that utilize PDIs appear to function synergistically to attain the highest quality and productivity of the ER, even under various stress conditions. This review describes the structures, physiological functions, and cooperative actions of several essential PDIs, and provides important insights into the elaborate proteostatic mechanisms that have evolved in the extremely active and stress-sensitive ER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Okumura
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kadokura
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Kenji Inaba
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
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41
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Pagliarini V, Giglio P, Bernardoni P, De Zio D, Fimia GM, Piacentini M, Corazzari M. Downregulation of E2F1 during ER stress is required to induce apoptosis. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:1166-79. [PMID: 25616897 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.164103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has recently emerged as an alternative target to induce cell death in tumours, because prolonged ER stress results in the induction of apoptosis even in chemoresistant transformed cells. Here, we show that the DNA-damage-responsive pro-apoptotic factor E2F1 is unexpectedly downregulated during the ER stress-mediated apoptotic programme. E2F1 decline is a late event during the ER response and is mediated by the two unfolded protein response (UPR) sensors ATF6 and IRE1 (also known as ERN1). Whereas ATF6 directly interacts with the E2F1 promoter, IRE1 requires the involvement of the known E2F1 modulator E2F7, through the activation of its main target Xbp-1. Importantly, inhibition of the E2F1 decrease prevents ER-stress-induced apoptosis, whereas E2F1 knockdown efficiently sensitises cells to ER stress-dependent apoptosis, leading to the upregulation of two main factors in the UPR pro-apoptotic execution phase, Puma and Noxa (also known as BBC3 and PMAIP1, respectively). Our results point to a novel key role of E2F1 in the cell survival/death decision under ER stress, and unveil E2F1 inactivation as a valuable novel potential therapeutic strategy to increase the response of tumour cells to ER stress-based anticancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Pagliarini
- National Institute for Infectious Disease 'L. Spallanzani' IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Giglio
- National Institute for Infectious Disease 'L. Spallanzani' IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Bernardoni
- National Institute for Infectious Disease 'L. Spallanzani' IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela De Zio
- Department of Biology, Unit of the Dulbecco Telethon Institute, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', 00133 Rome, Italy Cell Stress and Survival Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Gian Maria Fimia
- National Institute for Infectious Disease 'L. Spallanzani' IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- National Institute for Infectious Disease 'L. Spallanzani' IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy Cellular and Developmental Lab, Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Corazzari
- National Institute for Infectious Disease 'L. Spallanzani' IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy Cellular and Developmental Lab, Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', 00133 Rome, Italy
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42
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Abstract
In mammalian cells, the rough endoplasmic reticulum or ER plays a central role in the biogenesis of most extracellular plus many organellar proteins and in cellular calcium homeostasis. Therefore, this organelle comprises molecular chaperones that are involved in import, folding/assembly, export, and degradation of polypeptides in millimolar concentrations. In addition, there are calcium channels/pumps and signal transduction components present in the ER membrane that affect and are affected by these processes. The ER lumenal Hsp70, termed immunoglobulin-heavy chain binding protein or BiP, is the central player in all these activities and involves up to seven different co-chaperones, i.e. ER-membrane integrated as well as ER-lumenal Hsp40s, which are termed ERj or ERdj, and two nucleotide exchange factors.
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43
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Shishkin SS, Eremina LS, Kovalev LI, Kovaleva MA. AGR2, ERp57/GRP58, and some other human protein disulfide isomerases. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2014; 78:1415-30. [PMID: 24490732 DOI: 10.1134/s000629791313004x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review considers the major features of human proteins AGR2 and ERp57/GRP58 and of other members of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family. The ability of both AGR2 and ERp57/GRP58 to catalyze the formation of disulfide bonds in proteins is the parameter most important for assigning them to a PDI family. Moreover, these proteins and also other members of the PDI family have specific structural features (thioredoxin-like domains, special C-terminal motifs characteristic for proteins localized in the endoplasmic reticulum, etc.) that are necessary for their assignment to a PDI family. Data demonstrating the role of these two proteins in carcinogenesis are analyzed. Special attention is given to data indicating the presence of biomarker features in AGR2 and ERp57/GRP58. It is now thought that there is sufficient reason for studies of AGR2 and ERp57/GRP58 for possible use of these proteins in diagnosis of tumors. There are also prospects for studies on AGR2 and ERp57/GRP58 leading to developments in chemotherapy. Thus, we suppose that further studies on different members of the PDI family using modern postgenomic technologies will broaden current concepts about functions of these proteins, and this will be helpful for solution of urgent biomedical problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Shishkin
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia.
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44
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Athanasiou D, Bevilacqua D, Aguila M, McCulley C, Kanuga N, Iwawaki T, Chapple JP, Cheetham ME. The co-chaperone and reductase ERdj5 facilitates rod opsin biogenesis and quality control. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:6594-606. [PMID: 25055872 PMCID: PMC4240209 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in rhodopsin, the light-sensitive protein of rod cells, are the most common cause of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (ADRP). Many rod opsin mutations, such as P23H, lead to misfolding of rod opsin with detrimental effects on photoreceptor function and viability. Misfolded P23H rod opsin and other mutations in the intradiscal domain are characterized by the formation of an incorrect disulphide bond between C185 and C187, as opposed to the correct and highly conserved C110–C187 disulphide bond. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that incorrect disulphide bond formation might be a factor that affects the biogenesis of rod opsin by studying wild-type (WT) or P23H rod opsin in combination with amino acid substitutions that prevent the formation of incorrect disulphide bonds involving C185. These mutants had altered traffic dynamics, suggesting a requirement for regulation of disulphide bond formation/reduction during rod opsin biogenesis. Here, we show that the BiP co-chaperone and reductase protein ERdj5 (DNAJC10) regulates this process. ERdj5 overexpression promoted the degradation, improved the endoplasmic reticulum mobility and prevented the aggregation of P23H rod opsin. ERdj5 reduction by shRNA delayed rod opsin degradation and promoted aggregation. The reductase and co-chaperone activity of ERdj5 were both required for these effects on P23H rod opsin. Furthermore, mutations in these functional domains acted as dominant negatives that affected WT rod opsin biogenesis. Collectively, these data identify ERdj5 as a member of the proteostasis network that regulates rod opsin biogenesis and supports a role for disulphide bond formation/reduction in rod opsin biogenesis and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Takao Iwawaki
- Advanced Scientific Research Leaders Development Unit, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan and
| | - J Paul Chapple
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
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Heat shock response associated with hepatocarcinogenesis in a murine model of hereditary tyrosinemia type I. Cancers (Basel) 2014; 6:998-1019. [PMID: 24762634 PMCID: PMC4074813 DOI: 10.3390/cancers6020998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary Tyrosinemia type 1 (HT1) is a metabolic liver disease caused by genetic defects of fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH), an enzyme necessary to complete the breakdown of tyrosine. The severe hepatic dysfunction caused by the lack of this enzyme is prevented by the therapeutic use of NTBC (2-[2-nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl] cyclohexane-1,3-dione). However despite the treatment, chronic hepatopathy and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still observed in some HT1 patients. Growing evidence show the important role of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in many cellular processes and their involvement in pathological diseases including cancer. Their survival-promoting effect by modulation of the apoptotic machinery is often correlated with poor prognosis and resistance to therapy in a number of cancers. Here, we sought to gain insight into the pathophysiological mechanisms associated with liver dysfunction and tumor development in a murine model of HT1. Differential gene expression patterns in livers of mice under HT1 stress, induced by drug retrieval, have shown deregulation of stress and cell death resistance genes. Among them, genes coding for HSPB and HSPA members, and for anti-apoptotic BCL-2 related mitochondrial proteins were associated with the hepatocarcinogenetic process. Our data highlight the variation of stress pathways related to HT1 hepatocarcinogenesis suggesting the role of HSPs in rendering tyrosinemia-affected liver susceptible to the development of HCC.
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Jenkins NT, Padilla J, Thorne PK, Martin JS, Rector RS, Davis JW, Laughlin MH. Transcriptome-wide RNA sequencing analysis of rat skeletal muscle feed arteries. I. Impact of obesity. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2014; 116:1017-32. [PMID: 24436298 PMCID: PMC4035791 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01233.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We employed next-generation RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) technology to determine the influence of obesity on global gene expression in skeletal muscle feed arteries. Transcriptional profiles of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscle feed arteries (GFA and SFA, respectively) and aortic endothelial cell-enriched samples from obese Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) and lean Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats were examined. Obesity produced 282 upregulated and 133 downregulated genes in SFA and 163 upregulated and 77 downregulated genes in GFA [false discovery rate (FDR) < 10%] with an overlap of 93 genes between the arteries. In LETO rats, there were 89 upregulated and 114 downregulated genes in the GFA compared with the SFA. There were 244 upregulated and 275 downregulated genes in OLETF rats (FDR < 10%) in the GFA compared with the SFA, with an overlap of 76 differentially expressed genes common to both LETO and OLETF rats in both the GFA and SFA. A total of 396 transcripts were found to be differentially expressed between LETO and OLETF in aortic endothelial cell-enriched samples. Overall, we found 1) the existence of heterogeneity in the transcriptional profile of the SFA and GFA within healthy LETO rats, 2) that this between-vessel heterogeneity was markedly exacerbated in the hyperphagic, obese OLETF rat, and 3) a greater number of genes whose expression was altered by obesity in the SFA compared with the GFA. Also, results indicate that in OLETF rats the GFA takes on a relatively more proatherogenic phenotype compared with the SFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan T Jenkins
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
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Pacitti D, Wang T, Martin SAM, Sweetman J, Secombes CJ. Insights into the fish thioredoxin system: expression profile of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during infection and in vitro stimulation. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 42:261-77. [PMID: 24095766 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2013.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the first biological response during a disease outbreak and after injury. ROS are highly reactive molecules that can either endanger cell homeostasis or mediate cell signaling in several physiological pathways, including the immune response. Thioredoxin (Trx) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) are the essential components of the thioredoxin system, one of the main intracellular redox systems and are therefore important regulators of ROS accumulation. Through the regulation of the intracellular redox milieu, the thioredoxin system plays a key role within the immune system, linking immunology and free radical science. In this study we have firstly identified TrxRs in fish and used this new sequence information to reevaluate the evolution of the thioredoxin system within the vertebrate lineage. We next measured the expression of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Trx and TrxR transcripts during infection in vivo and in vitro after stimulation of a macrophage cell line and primary macrophage cultures with pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Our results showed that both Trx and TrxR were induced during infection at the transcriptional level, confirming their likely involvement in the innate immune response of fish. Since TrxRs are selenium-containing proteins (selenoproteins), we also measured the modulation of their expression upon organic and inorganic selenium exposure in vitro. TrxR was found to be responsive to selenium exposure in vitro, suggesting that it may represent a key mediator in the selenium modulation of innate immunity. In conclusion, our study highlights the need to investigate the involvement of the cell antioxidant pathways, especially the thioredoxin system, within the immune system of vertebrate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Pacitti
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, United Kingdom.
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Muñoz-Lobato F, Rodríguez-Palero MJ, Naranjo-Galindo FJ, Shephard F, Gaffney CJ, Szewczyk NJ, Hamamichi S, Caldwell KA, Caldwell GA, Link CD, Miranda-Vizuete A. Protective role of DNJ-27/ERdj5 in Caenorhabditis elegans models of human neurodegenerative diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 20:217-35. [PMID: 23641861 PMCID: PMC3887457 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.5051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Cells have developed quality control systems for protection against proteotoxicity. Misfolded and aggregation-prone proteins, which are behind the initiation and progression of many neurodegenerative diseases (ND), are known to challenge the proteostasis network of the cells. We aimed to explore the role of DNJ-27/ERdj5, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident thioredoxin protein required as a disulfide reductase for the degradation of misfolded proteins, in well-established Caenorhabditis elegans models of Alzheimer, Parkinson and Huntington diseases. RESULTS We demonstrate that DNJ-27 is an ER luminal protein and that its expression is induced upon ER stress via IRE-1/XBP-1. When dnj-27 expression is downregulated by RNA interference we find an increase in the aggregation and associated pathological phenotypes (paralysis and motility impairment) caused by human β-amyloid peptide (Aβ), α-synuclein (α-syn) and polyglutamine (polyQ) proteins. In turn, DNJ-27 overexpression ameliorates these deleterious phenotypes. Surprisingly, despite being an ER-resident protein, we show that dnj-27 downregulation alters cytoplasmic protein homeostasis and causes mitochondrial fragmentation. We further demonstrate that DNJ-27 overexpression substantially protects against the mitochondrial fragmentation caused by human Aβ and α-syn peptides in these worm models. INNOVATION We identify C. elegans dnj-27 as a novel protective gene for the toxicity associated with the expression of human Aβ, α-syn and polyQ proteins, implying a protective role of ERdj5 in Alzheimer, Parkinson and Huntington diseases. CONCLUSION Our data support a scenario where the levels of DNJ-27/ERdj5 in the ER impact cytoplasmic protein homeostasis and the integrity of the mitochondrial network which might underlie its protective effects in models of proteotoxicity associated to human ND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Muñoz-Lobato
- 1 Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC), Depto. de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide , Sevilla, Spain
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Ohta M, Takaiwa F. Emerging features of ER resident J-proteins in plants. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2014; 9:e28194. [PMID: 24614601 PMCID: PMC4091193 DOI: 10.4161/psb.28194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
J-proteins are co-chaperone components of the HSP70 system. J-proteins stimulate Hsp70ATPase activity, which is responsible for stabilizing the interaction of Hsp70 with client proteins. J-proteins are localized in various intracellular compartments including the cytoplasm, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Five types of ER resident J-proteins (ERdjs) have been found in plants (P58, ERdj2, ERdj2A, ERdj3B and ERdj7). Rice OsERdj3A is located in the vacuoleand protein storage vacuoles (PSV, PB-II) under conditions of ER stress. J-proteins that are localized to the vacuole or lysosome are not found in mammals and yeast, suggesting that the presence of OsERdj3A in the vacuole is plant-specific and one of the features unique to plant ERdjs. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge andrecent research advancements regarding plant ERdjs, and compare mammalian and yeast ERdjs with plant ERdjs.
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Halloran M, Parakh S, Atkin JD. The role of s-nitrosylation and s-glutathionylation of protein disulphide isomerase in protein misfolding and neurodegeneration. Int J Cell Biol 2013; 2013:797914. [PMID: 24348565 PMCID: PMC3852308 DOI: 10.1155/2013/797914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases involve the progressive loss of neurons, and a pathological hallmark is the presence of abnormal inclusions containing misfolded proteins. Although the precise molecular mechanisms triggering neurodegeneration remain unclear, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, elevated oxidative and nitrosative stress, and protein misfolding are important features in pathogenesis. Protein disulphide isomerase (PDI) is the prototype of a family of molecular chaperones and foldases upregulated during ER stress that are increasingly implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. PDI catalyzes the rearrangement and formation of disulphide bonds, thus facilitating protein folding, and in neurodegeneration may act to ameliorate the burden of protein misfolding. However, an aberrant posttranslational modification of PDI, S-nitrosylation, inhibits its protective function in these conditions. S-nitrosylation is a redox-mediated modification that regulates protein function by covalent addition of nitric oxide- (NO-) containing groups to cysteine residues. Here, we discuss the evidence for abnormal S-nitrosylation of PDI (SNO-PDI) in neurodegeneration and how this may be linked to another aberrant modification of PDI, S-glutathionylation. Understanding the role of aberrant S-nitrosylation/S-glutathionylation of PDI in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases may provide insights into novel therapeutic interventions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Halloran
- Department of Neuroscience in the School of Psychological Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - S. Parakh
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - J. D. Atkin
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
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