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Yue C, Xue H. Identification and immune landscape of sarcopenia-related molecular clusters in inflammatory bowel disease by machine learning and integrated bioinformatics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17603. [PMID: 39079987 PMCID: PMC11289443 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68198-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, a prevalent comorbidity of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is characterized by diminished skeletal muscle mass and strength. Nevertheless, the underlying interconnected mechanisms remain elusive. This study identified distinct expression patterns of sarcopenia-associated genes (SRGs) across individuals with IBD and in samples of normal tissue. By analyzing SRG expression profiles, we effectively segregated 541 IBD samples into three distinct clusters, each marked by its unique immune landscape. To unravel the transcriptional disruptions underlying these clusters, the Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) algorithm was employed to spotlight key genes linked to each cluster. A diagnostic model based on four key genes (TIMP1, PLAU, PHLDA1, TGFBI) was established using Random Forest and LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) algorithms, and validated with the GSE179285 dataset. Moreover, the GSE112366 dataset facilitated the exploration of gene expression dynamics within the ileum mucosa of UC patients pre- and post-Ustekinumab treatment. Additionally, insights into the intricate relationship between immune cells and these pivotal genes were gleaned from the single-cell RNA dataset GSE162335. In conclusion, our findings collectively underscored the pivotal role of sarcopenia-related genes in the pathogenesis of IBD. Their potential as robust biomarkers for future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies is particularly promising, opening avenues for a deeper understanding and improved management of these interconnected conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongkang Yue
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Punan Hospital of Pudong New District, Shanghai, China, 200120
| | - Huiping Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001, China.
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2
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Hu X, Chen J, Dai W, Xiao Y, Chen X, Chen Z, Zhang S, Hu Y. PHLDA1-PRDM1 mediates the effect of lentiviral vectors on fate-determination of human retinal progenitor cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:305. [PMID: 39012348 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05279-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Lentiviral vectors have markedly enhanced gene therapy efficiency in treating congenital diseases, but their long-term safety remains controversial. Most gene therapies for congenital eye diseases need to be carried out at early ages, yet the assessment of related risks to ocular development posed by lentiviral vectors is challenging. Utilizing single-cell transcriptomic profiling on human retinal organoids, this study explored the impact of lentiviral vectors on the retinal development and found that lentiviral vectors can cause retinal precursor cells to shift toward photoreceptor fate through the up-regulation of key fate-determining genes such as PRDM1. Further investigation demonstrated that the intron and intergenic region of PRDM1 was bound by PHLDA1, which was also up-regulated by lentiviral vectors exposure. Importantly, knockdown of PHLDA1 successfully suppressed the lentivirus-induced differentiation bias of photoreceptor cells. The findings also suggest that while lentiviral vectors may disrupt the fate determination of retinal precursor cells, posing risks in early-stage retinal gene therapy, these risks could potentially be reduced by inhibiting the PHLDA1-PRDM1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wangxuan Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhua Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheyao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youjin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China.
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3
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Li JJ, Sun WD, Zhu XJ, Mei YZ, Li WS, Li JH. Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase (NNMT): A New Hope for Treating Aging and Age-Related Conditions. Metabolites 2024; 14:343. [PMID: 38921477 PMCID: PMC11205546 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14060343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The complex process of aging leads to a gradual deterioration in the function of cells, tissues, and the entire organism, thereby increasing the risk of disease and death. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) has attracted attention as a potential target for combating aging and its related pathologies. Studies have shown that NNMT activity increases over time, which is closely associated with the onset and progression of age-related diseases. NNMT uses S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor to facilitate the methylation of nicotinamide (NAM), converting NAM into S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) and methylnicotinamide (MNA). This enzymatic action depletes NAM, a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), and generates SAH, a precursor of homocysteine (Hcy). The reduction in the NAD+ levels and the increase in the Hcy levels are considered important factors in the aging process and age-related diseases. The efficacy of RNA interference (RNAi) therapies and small-molecule inhibitors targeting NNMT demonstrates the potential of NNMT as a therapeutic target. Despite these advances, the exact mechanisms by which NNMT influences aging and age-related diseases remain unclear, and there is a lack of clinical trials involving NNMT inhibitors and RNAi drugs. Therefore, more in-depth research is needed to elucidate the precise functions of NNMT in aging and promote the development of targeted pharmaceutical interventions. This paper aims to explore the specific role of NNMT in aging, and to evaluate its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jiang-Hua Li
- Physical Education College, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China; (J.-J.L.); (W.-D.S.); (X.-J.Z.); (Y.-Z.M.); (W.-S.L.)
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4
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Wang X, Rao J, Chen X, Wang Z, Zhang Y. Identification of Shared Signature Genes and Immune Microenvironment Subtypes for Heart Failure and Chronic Kidney Disease Based on Machine Learning. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:1873-1895. [PMID: 38533476 PMCID: PMC10964169 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s450736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background A complex interrelationship exists between Heart Failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aims to clarify the molecular mechanisms of the organ-to-organ interplay between heart failure and CKD, as well as to identify extremely sensitive and specific biomarkers. Methods Differentially expressed tandem genes were identified from HF and CKD microarray datasets and enrichment analyses of tandem perturbation genes were performed to determine their biological functions. Machine learning algorithms are utilized to identify diagnostic biomarkers and evaluate the model by ROC curves. RT-PCR was employed to validate the accuracy of diagnostic biomarkers. Molecular subtypes were identified based on tandem gene expression profiling, and immune cell infiltration of different subtypes was examined. Finally, the ssGSEA score was used to build the ImmuneScore model and to assess the differentiation between subtypes using ROC curves. Results Thirty-three crosstalk genes were associated with inflammatory, immune and metabolism-related signaling pathways. The machine-learning algorithm identified 5 hub genes (PHLDA1, ATP1A1, IFIT2, HLTF, and MPP3) as the optimal shared diagnostic biomarkers. The expression levels of tandem genes were negatively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction and glomerular filtration rate. The CIBERSORT results indicated the presence of severe immune dysregulation in patients with HF and CKD, which was further validated at the single-cell level. Consensus clustering classified HF and CKD patients into immune and metabolic subtypes. Twelve immune genes associated with immune subtypes were screened based on WGCNA analysis, and an ImmuneScore model was constructed for high and low risk. The model accurately predicted different molecular subtypes of HF or CKD. Conclusion Five crosstalk genes may serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosing HF and CKD and are involved in disease progression. Metabolite disorders causing activation of a large number of immune cells explain the common pathogenesis of HF and CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefu Wang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Rao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhinong Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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5
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Song X, Zhou L, Yang W, Li X, Ma J, Qi K, Liang R, Li M, Xie L, Su T, Huang D, Liang B. PHLDA1 is a P53 target gene involved in P53-mediated cell apoptosis. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:653-664. [PMID: 37155089 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04752-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Pleckstrin homeolike domain, family A, member 1 (PHLDA1) is a multifunctional protein that plays diverse roles in A variety of biological processes, including cell death, and hence its altered expression has been found in different types of cancer. Although studies have shown a regulatory relationship between p53 and PHLDA1, the molecular mechanism is still unclear. Especially, the role of PHLDA1 in the process of apoptosis is still controversial. In this study, we found that the expression of PHLDA1 in human cervical cancer cell lines was correlated with the up-expression of p53 after treatment with apoptosis-inducing factors. Subsequently, the binding site and the binding effect of p53 on the promoter region of PHLDA1 were verified by our bioinformatics data analysis and luciferase reporter assay. Indeed, we used CRISPR-Cas9 to knockout the p53 gene in HeLa cells and further confirmed that p53 can bind to the promoter region of PHLDA1 gene, and then directly regulate the expression of PHLDA1 by recruiting P300 and CBP to change the acetylation and methylation levels in the promoter region. Finally, a series of gain-of-function experiments further confirmed that p53 re-expression in HeLap53-/- cell can up-regulate the reduction of PHLDA1 caused by p53 knockout, and affect cell apoptosis and proliferation. Our study is the first to explore the regulatory mechanism of p53 on PHLDA1 by using the p53 gene knockout cell model, which further proves that PHLDA1 is a target-gene in p53-mediated apoptosis, and reveals the important role of PHLDA1 in cell fate determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhong Song
- Center for Cancer Research, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Section of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lulu Zhou
- Section of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenrui Yang
- Section of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinyan Li
- Section of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiazi Ma
- Section of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kun Qi
- Section of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Section of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Meijing Li
- Section of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingzhu Xie
- Section of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tin Su
- Section of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongyang Huang
- Section of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Bin Liang
- Section of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
- Biomedical Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
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6
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Yousof TR, Bouchard CC, Alb M, Lynn EG, Lhoták S, Jiang H, MacDonald M, Li H, Byun JH, Makda Y, Athanasopoulos M, Maclean KN, Cherrington NJ, Naqvi A, Igdoura SA, Krepinsky JC, Steinberg GR, Austin RC. Restoration of the ER stress response protein TDAG51 in hepatocytes mitigates NAFLD in mice. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105655. [PMID: 38237682 PMCID: PMC10875272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress is associated with insulin resistance and the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Deficiency of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response T-cell death-associated gene 51 (TDAG51) (TDAG51-/-) in mice promotes the development of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity, fatty liver, and hepatic insulin resistance. However, whether this effect is due specifically to hepatic TDAG51 deficiency is unknown. Here, we report that hepatic TDAG51 protein levels are consistently reduced in multiple mouse models of liver steatosis and injury as well as in liver biopsies from patients with liver disease compared to normal controls. Delivery of a liver-specific adeno-associated virus (AAV) increased hepatic expression of a TDAG51-GFP fusion protein in WT, TDAG51-/-, and leptin-deficient (ob/ob) mice. Restoration of hepatic TDAG51 protein was sufficient to increase insulin sensitivity while reducing body weight and fatty liver in HFD fed TDAG51-/- mice and in ob/ob mice. TDAG51-/- mice expressing ectopic TDAG51 display improved Akt (Ser473) phosphorylation, post-insulin stimulation. HFD-fed TDAG51-/- mice treated with AAV-TDAG51-GFP displayed reduced lipogenic gene expression, increased beta-oxidation and lowered hepatic and serum triglycerides, findings consistent with reduced liver weight. Further, AAV-TDAG51-GFP-treated TDAG51-/- mice exhibited reduced hepatic precursor and cleaved sterol regulatory-element binding proteins (SREBP-1 and SREBP-2). In vitro studies confirmed the lipid-lowering effect of TDAG51 overexpression in oleic acid-treated Huh7 cells. These studies suggest that maintaining hepatic TDAG51 protein levels represents a viable therapeutic approach for the treatment of obesity and insulin resistance associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamana R Yousof
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton and the Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Celeste C Bouchard
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton and the Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mihnea Alb
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton and the Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edward G Lynn
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton and the Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sárka Lhoták
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton and the Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Melissa MacDonald
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton and the Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Jae H Byun
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton and the Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yumna Makda
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton and the Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Kenneth N Maclean
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Nathan J Cherrington
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Asghar Naqvi
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suleiman A Igdoura
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joan C Krepinsky
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton and the Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gregory R Steinberg
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard C Austin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton and the Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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7
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Rodríguez-González J, Gutiérrez-Kobeh L. Apoptosis and its pathways as targets for intracellular pathogens to persist in cells. Parasitol Res 2023; 123:60. [PMID: 38112844 PMCID: PMC10730641 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-08031-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a finely programmed process of cell death in which cells silently dismantle and actively participate in several operations such as immune response, differentiation, and cell growth. It can be initiated by three main pathways: the extrinsic, the perforin granzyme, and the intrinsic that culminate in the activation of several proteins in charge of tearing down the cell. On the other hand, apoptosis represents an ordeal for pathogens that live inside cells and maintain a strong dependency with them; thus, they have evolved multiple strategies to manipulate host cell apoptosis on their behalf. It has been widely documented that diverse intracellular bacteria, fungi, and parasites can interfere with most steps of the host cell apoptotic machinery to inhibit or induce apoptosis. Indeed, the inhibition of apoptosis is considered a virulence property shared by many intracellular pathogens to ensure productive replication. Some pathogens intervene at an early stage by interfering with the sensing of extracellular signals or transduction pathways. Others sense cellular stress or target the apoptosis regulator proteins of the Bcl-2 family or caspases. In many cases, the exact molecular mechanisms leading to the interference with the host cell apoptotic cascade are still unknown. However, intense research has been conducted to elucidate the strategies employed by intracellular pathogens to modulate host cell death. In this review, we summarize the main routes of activation of apoptosis and present several processes used by different bacteria, fungi, and parasites to modulate the apoptosis of their host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Rodríguez-González
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez,", Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Belisario Domínguez, Sección XVI, Delegación Tlalpan, C.P. 14080, Ciudad de México, México
- Laboratorio de Estudios Epidemiológicos, Clínicos, Diseños Experimentales e Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma "Benito Juárez" de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Laila Gutiérrez-Kobeh
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez,", Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Belisario Domínguez, Sección XVI, Delegación Tlalpan, C.P. 14080, Ciudad de México, México.
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8
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Golebiewski C, Gastaldi C, Vieu DL, Mari B, Rezzonico R, Bernerd F, Marionnet C. Identification and functional validation of SRC and RAPGEF1 as new direct targets of miR-203, involved in regulation of epidermal homeostasis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14006. [PMID: 37635193 PMCID: PMC10460794 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40441-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The epidermis is mostly composed of keratinocytes and forms a protecting barrier against external aggressions and dehydration. Epidermal homeostasis is maintained by a fine-tuned balance between keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. In the regulation of this process, the keratinocyte-specific miR-203 microRNA is of the outmost importance as it promotes differentiation, notably by directly targeting and down-regulating mRNA expression of genes involved in keratinocyte proliferation, such as ΔNp63, Skp2 and Msi2. We aimed at identifying new miR-203 targets involved in the regulation of keratinocyte proliferation/differentiation balance. To this end, a transcriptome analysis of human primary keratinocytes overexpressing miR-203 was performed and revealed that miR-203 overexpression inhibited functions like proliferation, mitosis and cell cycling, and activated differentiation, apoptosis and cell death. Among the down-regulated genes, 24 putative target mRNAs were identified and 8 of them were related to proliferation. We demonstrated that SRC and RAPGEF1 were direct targets of miR-203. Moreover, both were down-regulated during epidermal morphogenesis in a 3D reconstructed skin model, while miR-203 was up-regulated. Finally silencing experiments showed that SRC or RAPGEF1 contributed to keratinocyte proliferation and regulated their differentiation. Preliminary results suggest their involvement in skin carcinoma hyperproliferation. Altogether this data indicates that RAPGEF1 and SRC could be new mediators of miR-203 in epidermal homeostasis regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cécile Gastaldi
- Medical Biology Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Principality of Monaco
- LIA BAHN, CSM-UVSQ, Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | | | - Bernard Mari
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR7275, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | - Roger Rezzonico
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR7275, IPMC, Valbonne, France
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9
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Park E, Jeon H, Lee N, Yu J, Park H, Satoh T, Akira S, Furuyama T, Lee C, Choi J, Rho J. TDAG51 promotes transcription factor FoxO1 activity during LPS-induced inflammatory responses. EMBO J 2023; 42:e111867. [PMID: 37203866 PMCID: PMC10308371 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022111867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Tight regulation of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated inflammatory responses is important for innate immunity. Here, we show that T-cell death-associated gene 51 (TDAG51/PHLDA1) is a novel regulator of the transcription factor FoxO1, regulating inflammatory mediator production in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response. TDAG51 induction by LPS stimulation was mediated by the TLR2/4 signaling pathway in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs). LPS-induced inflammatory mediator production was significantly decreased in TDAG51-deficient BMMs. In TDAG51-deficient mice, LPS- or pathogenic Escherichia coli infection-induced lethal shock was reduced by decreasing serum proinflammatory cytokine levels. The recruitment of 14-3-3ζ to FoxO1 was competitively inhibited by the TDAG51-FoxO1 interaction, leading to blockade of FoxO1 cytoplasmic translocation and thereby strengthening FoxO1 nuclear accumulation. TDAG51/FoxO1 double-deficient BMMs showed significantly reduced inflammatory mediator production compared with TDAG51- or FoxO1-deficient BMMs. TDAG51/FoxO1 double deficiency protected mice against LPS- or pathogenic E. coli infection-induced lethal shock by weakening the systemic inflammatory response. Thus, these results indicate that TDAG51 acts as a regulator of the transcription factor FoxO1, leading to strengthened FoxO1 activity in the LPS-induced inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eui‐Soon Park
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular BiologyChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
| | - Hyoeun Jeon
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular BiologyChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
| | - Nari Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular BiologyChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
| | - Jiyeon Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular BiologyChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
| | - Hye‐Won Park
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular BiologyChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
| | - Takashi Satoh
- Department of Immune Regulation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Shizuo Akira
- Laboratory of Host Defense, WPI Immunology Frontier Research CenterOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Tatsuo Furuyama
- Department of Clinical ExaminationKagawa Prefectural University of Health SciencesKagawaJapan
| | - Chul‐Ho Lee
- Laboratory Animal CenterKorea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB)DaejeonKorea
| | - Jong‐Soon Choi
- Division of Life ScienceKorea Basic Science Institute (KBSI)DaejeonKorea
| | - Jaerang Rho
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular BiologyChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
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10
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Clayton NS, Carter EP, Fearon AE, Heward JA, Rodríguez Fernández L, Boughetane L, Wilkes EH, Cutillas PR, Grose RP. HDAC Inhibition Restores Response to HER2-Targeted Therapy in Breast Cancer via PHLDA1 Induction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6228. [PMID: 37047202 PMCID: PMC10094256 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The downregulation of Pleckstrin Homology-Like Domain family A member 1 (PHLDA1) expression mediates resistance to targeted therapies in receptor tyrosine kinase-driven cancers. The restoration and maintenance of PHLDA1 levels in cancer cells thus constitutes a potential strategy to circumvent resistance to inhibitors of receptor tyrosine kinases. Through a pharmacological approach, we identify the inhibition of MAPK signalling as a crucial step in PHLDA1 downregulation. Further ChIP-qPCR analysis revealed that MEK1/2 inhibition produces significant epigenetic changes at the PHLDA1 locus, specifically a decrease in the activatory marks H3Kme3 and H3K27ac. In line with this, we show that treatment with the clinically relevant class I histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor 4SC-202 restores PHLDA1 expression in lapatinib-resistant human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)+ breast cancer cells. Critically, we show that when given in combination, 4SC-202 and lapatinib exert synergistic effects on 2D cell proliferation and colony formation capacity. We therefore propose that co-treatment with 4SC-202 may prolong the clinical efficacy of lapatinib in HER2+ breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha S. Clayton
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Edward P. Carter
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Abbie E. Fearon
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - James A. Heward
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Lucía Rodríguez Fernández
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Lina Boughetane
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Edmund H. Wilkes
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Pedro R. Cutillas
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Richard P. Grose
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
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11
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Jeon H, Amarasekara DS, Lee N, Park HW, Yu J, Rho J. TDAG51 deficiency attenuates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20619. [PMID: 36450854 PMCID: PMC9712416 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24873-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, is a group of chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Although the multifactorial etiology of IBD pathogenesis is relatively well documented, the regulatory factors that confer a risk of IBD pathogenesis remain less explored. In this study, we report that T-cell death-associated gene 51 (TDAG51/PHLDA1) is a novel regulator of the development of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. TDAG51 expression was elevated in the colon tissues of DSS-induced experimental colitis mice. TDAG51 deficiency protected mice against acute DSS-induced lethality and body weight changes and disease severity. DSS-induced structural damage and mucus secretion in colon tissues were significantly reduced in TDAG51-deficient mice compared with wild-type mice. We observed similar results in a DSS-induced chronic colitis mouse model. Finally, we showed that the production of inflammatory mediators, including proinflammatory enzymes, molecules and cytokines, was decreased in DSS-treated TDAG51-deficient mice compared with DSS-treated wild-type mice. Thus, we demonstrated that TDAG51 deficiency plays a protective role against DSS-induced colitis by decreasing the production of inflammatory mediators in mice. These findings suggest that TDAG51 is a novel regulator of the development of DSS-induced colitis and is a potential therapeutic target for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoeun Jeon
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Dulshara Sachini Amarasekara
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Nari Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Hye-Won Park
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Jaerang Rho
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea.
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12
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Wang J, Yao N, Hu Y, Lei M, Wang M, Yang L, Patel S, Li X, Liu K, Dong Z. PHLDA1 promotes glioblastoma cell growth via sustaining the activation state of Ras. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:520. [DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04538-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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13
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Lin C, Gou M, Pan S, Tong J, Zhou Y, Xie T, Yu T, Feng W, Li Y, Chen S, BaopengTian, Tan S, Wang Z, Luo X, Li CSR, Zhang P, Huang J, Elliot Hong L, Tan Y. Serum hyperhomocysteine and cognitive impairment in first-episode patients with schizophrenia: moderated by brain cortical thickness. Neurosci Lett 2022; 788:136826. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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The Controversial Role of HCY and Vitamin B Deficiency in Cardiovascular Diseases. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071412. [PMID: 35406025 PMCID: PMC9003430 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma homocysteine (HCY) is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease CVD and stroke. However, more than two decades of intensive research activities has failed to demonstrate that Hcy lowering through B-vitamin supplementation results in a reduction in CVD risk. Therefore, doubts about a causal involvement of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and B-vitamin deficiencies in atherosclerosis persist. Existing evidence indicates that HHcy increases oxidative stress, causes endoplasmatic reticulum (ER) stress, alters DNA methylation and, thus, modulates the expression of numerous pathogenic and protective genes. Moreover, Hcy can bind directly to proteins, which can change protein function and impact the intracellular redox state. As most mechanistic evidence is derived from experimental studies with rather artificial settings, the relevance of these results in humans remains a matter of debate. Recently, it has also been proposed that HHcy and B-vitamin deficiencies may promote CVD through accelerated telomere shortening and telomere dysfunction. This review provides a critical overview of the existing literature regarding the role of HHcy and B-vitamin deficiencies in CVD. At present, the CVD risk associated with HHcy and B vitamins is not effectively actionable. Therefore, routine screening for HHcy in CVD patients is of limited value. However, B-vitamin depletion is rather common among the elderly, and in such cases existing deficiencies should be corrected. While Hcy-lowering with high doses of B vitamins has no beneficial effects in secondary CVD prevention, the role of Hcy in primary disease prevention is insufficiently studied. Therefore, more intervention and experimental studies are needed to address existing gaps in knowledge.
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15
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He R, Cai H, Jiang Y, Liu R, Zhou Y, Qin Y, Yao C, Wang S, Hu Z. Integrative analysis prioritizes the relevant genes and risk factors for chronic venous disease. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2022; 10:738-748.e5. [PMID: 35218958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic venous disease (CVD) refers to a range of symptoms resulting from long-term morphological and functional abnormalities of the venous system. However, the mechanism of CVD development remains largely unknown. Here we aim to provide more information on CVD pathogenesis, prevention strategies and therapy development through the integrative analysis of large-scale genetic data. METHODS Genetic data were obtained from publicly accessible databases. We utilized different approaches, including FUMA, DEPICT, Sherlock, SMR/HEIDIS, DEPICT and NetWAS to identify possible causal genes for CVD. Candidate genes were prioritized to further literature-based review. The differential expression of prioritized genes was validated by microarray from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), a public genomics data repository" and Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) of varicose veins (VVs) specimens. The causal relationships between risk factors and CVD were assessed using the Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. RESULTS We identified 46 lead single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 26 plausible causal genes for CVD. Microarray data indicated differential expression of possible causal genes in CVD when compared to controls. The expression levels of WDR92, RSPO3, LIMA, ABCB10, DNAJC7, C1S, CXCL1 were significantly down-regulated (P<0.05). PHLDA1 and SERPINE1 were significantly upregulated (P<0.05). Dysregulated expression of WDR92, RSPO3 and CASZ1 was also found in varicose vein specimens by qPCR. Two-sample MR suggested causative effects of BMI (OR, 1.008, 95%CI, 1.005-1.010), standing height (OR, 1.009, 95%CI, 1.007-1.011), college degree (OR, 0.983, 95%CI, 0.991-0.976), insulin (OR, 0.858, 95%CI, 0.794-0.928) and metformin (OR, 0.944, 95%CI, 0.904-0.985) on CVD. CONCLUSIONS Our study integrates genetic and gene expression data to make an effective risk gene prediction and etiological inferences for CVD. Prioritized candidate genes provide more insights into CVD pathogenesis, and the causative effects of risk factors on CVD that deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongzhou He
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huoying Cai
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First People's Hospital of Guangzhou City, Guangzhou, China; Zhongshan ophthalmic center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiming Liu
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuansen Qin
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Yao
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenming Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuojun Hu
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China.
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Liu C, Li Y, Wang X. TDAG51-Deficiency Podocytes are Protected from High-Glucose-Induced Damage Through Nrf2 Activation via the AKT-GSK-3β Pathway. Inflammation 2022; 45:1520-1533. [PMID: 35175494 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01638-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
T cell death-associated gene 51 (TDAG51) has been implicated in the development of various pathological conditions. However, whether TDAG51 plays a role in diabetic renal disease remains unknown. The current work investigated the possible function of TDAG51 in diabetic renal disease using high-glucose (HG)-stimulated podocytes in vitro. The elevation of TDAG51 was observed in podocytes in response to HG exposure and the glomeruli of diabetic mice. The siRNAs targeting TDAG51 were applied to deplete TDAG51 in HG-stimulated podocytes. Crucially, TDAG51 deficiency was sufficient to decrease the apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation caused by HG. Mechanically, the inhibition of TDAG51 was capable of enhancing the activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) associated with the upregulation of AKT-glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) pathway. The reduction of AKT abolished the activation of Nrf2 elicited by TDAG51 deficiency. Additionally, the reduction of Nrf2 diminished the anti-HG injury effect elicited by TDAG51 deficiency. Overall, these data demonstrate that TDAG51 deficiency defends against HG-induced podocyte damage through Nrf2 activation by regulating AKT-GSK-3β pathway. This study suggests that TDAG1 may have a potential role in diabetic renal disease by affecting HG-induced podocyte damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuntian Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yanling Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
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17
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Peng H, Wang J, Song X, Huang J, Hua H, Wang F, Xu Z, Ma J, Gao J, Zhao J, Nong A, Huang D, Liang B. PHLDA1 Suppresses TLR4-Triggered Proinflammatory Cytokine Production by Interaction With Tollip. Front Immunol 2022; 13:731500. [PMID: 35237256 PMCID: PMC8882599 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.731500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pleckstrin homology-like domain, family A, member 1 (PHLDA1) has been reported to be expressed in many mammalian tissues and cells. However, the functions and exact mechanisms of PHLDA1 remain unclear. In this study, we found that PHLDA1 expression was significantly altered in macrophages after exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro, suggesting that PHLDA1 may be involved in the regulation of TLR4 signaling pathway activated by LPS. PHLDA1 attenuated the production of LPS-stimulated proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β). Further research showed that the phosphorylation levels of some important signal molecules in TLR4/MyD88-mediated MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways were reduced by PHLDA1, which in turn impaired the transcription factors NF-κB and AP1 nuclear translocation and their responsive element activities. Furthermore, we found that PHLDA1 repressed LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokine production via binding to Tollip which restrained TLR4 signaling pathway. A mouse model of endotoxemia was established to confirm the above similar results. In brief, our findings demonstrate that PHLDA1 is a negative regulator of LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokine production by Tollip, suggesting that PHLDA1 plays an anti-inflammatory role through inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway with the help of Tollip. PHLDA1 may be a novel therapeutic target in treating endotoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Peng
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chao Shan Area of Guang Dong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Juping Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Xuhong Song
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chao Shan Area of Guang Dong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jiangni Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Haoming Hua
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Fanlu Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Ziyun Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Anna Nong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Dongyang Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chao Shan Area of Guang Dong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Liang, ; Dongyang Huang,
| | - Bin Liang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chao Shan Area of Guang Dong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Liang, ; Dongyang Huang,
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18
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Nieraad H, Pannwitz N, de Bruin N, Geisslinger G, Till U. Hyperhomocysteinemia: Metabolic Role and Animal Studies with a Focus on Cognitive Performance and Decline-A Review. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1546. [PMID: 34680179 PMCID: PMC8533891 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Disturbances in the one-carbon metabolism are often indicated by altered levels of the endogenous amino acid homocysteine (HCys), which is additionally discussed to causally contribute to diverse pathologies. In the first part of the present review, we profoundly and critically discuss the metabolic role and pathomechanisms of HCys, as well as its potential impact on different human disorders. The use of adequate animal models can aid in unravelling the complex pathological processes underlying the role of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCys). Therefore, in the second part, we systematically searched PubMed/Medline for animal studies regarding HHCys and focused on the potential impact on cognitive performance and decline. The majority of reviewed studies reported a significant effect of HHCys on the investigated behavioral outcomes. Despite of persistent controversial discussions about equivocal findings, especially in clinical studies, the present evaluation of preclinical evidence indicates a causal link between HHCys and cognition-related- especially dementia-like disorders, and points out the further urge for large-scale, well-designed clinical studies in order to elucidate the normalization of HCys levels as a potential preventative or therapeutic approach in human pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Nieraad
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.P.); (N.d.B.); (G.G.)
| | - Nina Pannwitz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.P.); (N.d.B.); (G.G.)
| | - Natasja de Bruin
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.P.); (N.d.B.); (G.G.)
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.P.); (N.d.B.); (G.G.)
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Uwe Till
- Former Institute of Pathobiochemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Nonnenplan 2, 07743 Jena, Germany;
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19
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Carlisle RE, Mohammed-Ali Z, Lu C, Yousof T, Tat V, Nademi S, MacDonald ME, Austin RC, Dickhout JG. TDAG51 induces renal interstitial fibrosis through modulation of TGF-β receptor 1 in chronic kidney disease. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:921. [PMID: 34625532 PMCID: PMC8501078 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04197-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by the gradual loss of renal function and is a major public health concern. Risk factors for CKD include hypertension and proteinuria, both of which are associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. ER stress-induced TDAG51 protein expression is increased at an early time point in mice with CKD. Based on these findings, wild-type and TDAG51 knock-out (TDKO) mice were used in an angiotensin II/deoxycorticosterone acetate/salt model of CKD. Both wild-type and TDKO mice developed hypertension, increased proteinuria and albuminuria, glomerular injury, and tubular damage. However, TDKO mice were protected from apoptosis and renal interstitial fibrosis. Human proximal tubular cells were used to demonstrate that TDAG51 expression induces apoptosis through a CHOP-dependent mechanism. Further, a mouse model of intrinsic acute kidney injury demonstrated that CHOP is required for ER stress-mediated apoptosis. Renal fibroblasts were used to demonstrate that TGF-β induces collagen production through an IRE1-dependent mechanism; cells treated with a TGF-β receptor 1 inhibitor prevented XBP1 splicing, a downstream consequence of IRE1 activation. Interestingly, TDKO mice express significantly less TGF-β receptor 1, thus, preventing TGF-β-mediated XBP1 splicing. In conclusion, TDAG51 induces apoptosis in the kidney through a CHOP-dependent mechanism, while contributing to renal interstitial fibrosis through a TGF-β-IRE1-XBP1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E Carlisle
- McMaster University and The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Zahraa Mohammed-Ali
- McMaster University and The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Chao Lu
- McMaster University and The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Tamana Yousof
- McMaster University and The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Victor Tat
- McMaster University and The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Samera Nademi
- McMaster University and The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Melissa E MacDonald
- McMaster University and The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Richard C Austin
- McMaster University and The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Jeffrey G Dickhout
- McMaster University and The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hamilton, Canada.
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20
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Xu J, Bi G, Luo Q, Liu Y, Liu T, Li L, Zeng Q, Wang Q, Wang Y, Yu J, Yi P. PHLDA1 Modulates the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response and is required for Resistance to Oxidative Stress-induced Cell Death in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells. J Cancer 2021; 12:5486-5493. [PMID: 34405011 PMCID: PMC8364641 DOI: 10.7150/jca.45262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Pleckstrin homology-like domain family A member 1 (PHLDA1) has been implicated in the regulation of apoptosis in a variety of normal cell types and cancers. However, its precise pathophysiological functions remain unclear. Here, we examined the expression of PHLDA1 in human ovarian cancer (OvCa), the most lethal gynecologic malignancy, and investigated its functions in vitro. Materials and Methods: The expression of PHLDA1 was detected by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), immunohistochemical analysis, or western blotting, silencing of PHLDA was achieved by shRNA, cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay, apoptosis was detected by flow cytometric analysis, PHLDA1 transcriptional activity was detected by dual luciferase reporter assay. Results: PHLDA1 mRNA levels were significantly higher in serous OvCa specimens compared with normal ovarian tissue, confirmed by immunohistochemical staining of PHLDA1 protein, which also indicated the expression was predominantly cytoplasmic. Bioinformatics analysis of publicly available datasets indicated that PHLDA1 expression in clinical specimens was significantly associated with disease stage, progression-free survival, and overall survival. In human OvCa cell lines, shRNA-mediated silencing of PHLDA1 expression enhanced apoptosis after exposure to oxidative stress- and endoplasmic reticulum stress-inducing agents. PHLDA1 silencing increased not the expression of anti-apoptotic or autophagy-related proteins, but the expression of ER stress response-associated proteins. Conclusion: PHLDA1 modulates the susceptibility of human OvCa cells to apoptosis via the endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, PR China
| | - Gang Bi
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Qingya Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, PR China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Lanfang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Qien Wang
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Cancer Research Institute of Jilin University, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Jianhua Yu
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.,Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California 91010, USA
| | - Ping Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, PR China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
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21
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Zhou Y, Murugan DD, Khan H, Huang Y, Cheang WS. Roles and Therapeutic Implications of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081167. [PMID: 34439415 PMCID: PMC8388996 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In different pathological states that cause endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium depletion, altered glycosylation, nutrient deprivation, oxidative stress, DNA damage or energy perturbation/fluctuations, the protein folding process is disrupted and the ER becomes stressed. Studies in the past decade have demonstrated that ER stress is closely associated with pathogenesis of obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Excess nutrients and inflammatory cytokines associated with metabolic diseases can trigger or worsen ER stress. ER stress plays a critical role in the induction of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Signaling pathways including AMP-activated protein kinase and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor have been identified to regulate ER stress, whilst ER stress contributes to the imbalanced production between nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing oxidative stress. Several drugs or herbs have been proved to protect against cardiovascular diseases (CVD) through inhibition of ER stress and oxidative stress. The present article reviews the involvement of ER stress and oxidative stress in cardiovascular dysfunction and the potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China;
| | - Dharmani Devi Murugan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan;
| | - Yu Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Wai San Cheang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +853-8822-4914
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22
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Orita F, Ishikawa T, Ishiguro M, Okazaki S, Kikuchi A, Yamauchi S, Matsuyama T, Tokunaga M, Uetake H, Kinugasa Y. PHLDA1 expression in ulcerative colitis: A potential role in the management of dysplasia. Mol Clin Oncol 2021; 15:192. [PMID: 34349991 PMCID: PMC8327077 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleckstrin homology-like domain, family A, member 1 (PHLDA1) is a protein involved in cell proliferation, adhesion and migration in colon cancer. In normal large intestinal mucosa, this protein is expressed only in the crypts. By contrast, its expression in adenomas and cancers of the large intestine is spread throughout the glandular ducts, and it has been reported that PHLDA1 may be involved in the process of carcinogenesis. PHLDA1 may also be involved in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). The expression levels of PHLDA1 in tissues from patients with UC were analyzed using immunohistochemistry, and its relationship with the development of UC-associated colorectal cancer (UC-CRC) was examined. Overall, tissue samples from 143 lesions (90 colitis lesions, 39 dysplastic lesions and 14 UC-CRC lesions) were prepared from excised specimens of 49 patients with UC who underwent surgery in Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital between January 2004 and December 2017. Subsequently, immunostaining for PHLDA1 was performed. PHLDA1 expression was evaluated in UC-CRC and dysplastic tissues within the entire lesion area on the slide and in colitis over the area of the accompanying duct. The cytoplasmic staining intensity was classified into four levels, and the expression score (0-2 points) was calculated. The median PHLDA1 expression score was 0.295 for colitis, 0.607 for dysplasia and 0.865 for UC-CRC. The dysplasia expression score was significantly higher than the colitis score (P<0.001), while the UC-CRC expression score was significantly higher than the dysplasia score (P=0.003). The expression levels of PHLDA1 in UC cases were higher in colitis, followed by dysplasia and UC-CRC, which suggested that this protein may be involved in the carcinogenesis of UC-CRC. In addition, PHLDA1 immunostaining may help in the diagnosis of dysplasia, which is a type of precancerous lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fukuichiro Orita
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Ishikawa
- Department of Specialized Surgeries, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Megumi Ishiguro
- Department of Translational Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okazaki
- Department of Specialized Surgeries, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Akifumi Kikuchi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Shinichi Yamauchi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Matsuyama
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Masanori Tokunaga
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Uetake
- Department of Specialized Surgeries, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kinugasa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
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23
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Botelho J, Machado V, Leira Y, Proença L, Mendes JJ. Periodontal Inflamed Surface Area Mediates the Link between Homocysteine and Blood Pressure. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060875. [PMID: 34204680 PMCID: PMC8231519 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we assess the association between homocysteine (Hcy) serum levels and periodontal status in a large representative sample of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Using the 2001–2002 and 2003–2004 NHANES databases, participants with a periodontal examination, medical self-reported data, blood pressure (BP) and blood samples to determine complete blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP) and Hcy levels. We then calculated the periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) and the periodontal epithelial surface area (PESA). Multivariable regression analysis explored the association between Hcy, periodontal measures and BP. Mediation analysis was performed to understand the effect of PISA and PESA in the link between Hcy and BP. 4021 participants fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Hcy levels showed significant correlations with systolic BP, diastolic BP, PISA, PESA and age. PESA showed to be significantly associated with Hcy both for the crude and adjusted models (p < 0.01), but not PISA (p > 0.05). In the association of Hcy with systolic BP, PISA significantly mediated 17.4% and PESA 0.9%. In the association of Hcy with diastolic BP, PISA significantly mediated 16.3% and PESA 47.2%. In conclusion, Hcy and periodontitis are associated. Further, both PISA and PESA significantly mediated the association of Hcy with systolic BP and diastolic BP. Future studies shall deepen the mechanisms by which Hcy levels increase in a clinical situation of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Botelho
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Interdisciplinary Research Center, Egas Moniz–Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (V.M.); (J.J.M.)
- Evidence-Based Hub, Egas Moniz Interdisciplinary Research Center, Egas Moniz–Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-212-946-800
| | - Vanessa Machado
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Interdisciplinary Research Center, Egas Moniz–Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (V.M.); (J.J.M.)
- Evidence-Based Hub, Egas Moniz Interdisciplinary Research Center, Egas Moniz–Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal;
| | - Yago Leira
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute and NIHR UCLH Biomedical Research Centre, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
- Periodontology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Medical-Surgical Dentistry (OMEQUI) Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Luís Proença
- Evidence-Based Hub, Egas Moniz Interdisciplinary Research Center, Egas Moniz–Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal;
- Quantitative Methods for Health Research (MQIS), Egas Moniz Interdisciplinary Research Center, Egas Moniz–Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - José João Mendes
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Interdisciplinary Research Center, Egas Moniz–Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (V.M.); (J.J.M.)
- Evidence-Based Hub, Egas Moniz Interdisciplinary Research Center, Egas Moniz–Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal;
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24
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Jan M, Cueto R, Jiang X, Lu L, Sardy J, Xiong X, Yu JE, Pham H, Khan M, Qin X, Ji Y, Yang XF, Wang H. Molecular processes mediating hyperhomocysteinemia-induced metabolic reprogramming, redox regulation and growth inhibition in endothelial cells. Redox Biol 2021; 45:102018. [PMID: 34140262 PMCID: PMC8282538 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is an established and potent independent risk factor for degenerative diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), Alzheimer disease, type II diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease. HHcy has been shown to inhibit proliferation and promote inflammatory responses in endothelial cells (EC), and impair endothelial function, a hallmark for vascular injury. However, metabolic processes and molecular mechanisms mediating HHcy-induced endothelial injury remains to be elucidated. This study examined the effects of HHcy on the expression of microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA in human aortic EC treated with a pathophysiologically relevant concentration of homocysteine (Hcy 500 μM). We performed a set of extensive bioinformatics analyses to identify HHcy-altered metabolic and molecular processes. The global functional implications and molecular network were determined by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) followed by Cytoscape analysis. We identified 244 significantly differentially expressed (SDE) mRNA, their relevant functional pathways, and 45 SDE miRNA. HHcy-altered SDE inversely correlated miRNA-mRNA pairs (45 induced/14 reduced mRNA) were discovered and applied to network construction using an experimentally verified database. We established a hypothetical model to describe the biochemical and molecular network with these specified miRNA/mRNA axes, finding: 1) HHcy causes metabolic reprogramming by increasing glucose uptake and oxidation, by glycogen debranching and NAD+/CoA synthesis, and by stimulating mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production via NNT/IDH2 suppression-induced NAD+/NADP-NADPH/NADP+ metabolism disruption; 2) HHcy activates inflammatory responses by activating inflammasome-pyroptosis mainly through ↓miR193b→↑CASP-9 signaling and by inducing IL-1β and adhesion molecules through the ↓miR29c→↑NEDD9 and the ↓miR1256→↑ICAM-1 axes, as well as GPCR and interferon α/β signaling; 3) HHcy promotes cell degradation by the activation of lysosome autophagy and ubiquitin proteasome systems; 4) HHcy causes cell cycle arrest at G1/S and S/G2 transitions, suppresses spindle checkpoint complex and cytokinetic abscission, and suppresses proliferation through ↓miRNA335/↑VASH1 and other axes. These findings are in accordance with our previous studies and add a wealth of heretofore-unexplored molecular and metabolic mechanisms underlying HHcy-induced endothelial injury. This is the first study to consider the effects of HHcy on both global mRNA and miRNA expression changes for mechanism identification. Molecular axes and biochemical processes identified in this study are useful not only for the understanding of mechanisms underlying HHcy-induced endothelial injury, but also for discovering therapeutic targets for CVD in general. Identified multiple HHcy-altered metabolic and molecular processes potentially responsible for HHcy-induced endothelial injury via examining global mRNA/miRNA expression changes in Hcy-treated EC and performing comprehensive bioinformatic studies. HHcy may activate glucose uptake signaling via the ↓miR148b→↑SLC2A axis. HHcy may induce glucose oxidation signaling by switching pyruvate metabolism from lactate synthesis to mitochondrial oxidation via expression changes of ↑MPC1 & ↓LDHB. HHcy may disrupt redox homeostasis mostly by suppressing NNT/IDH2-related mt-NADPH/mt-NAD+ signaling. HHcy may increase FA β-oxidation, glutamine, TCA cycle and OXPHOS signaling. HHcy may activate inflammatory signaling via the ↓miR29c→↑NEDD9 and the ↓miR1256→↑ICAM-1 axes. HHcy may activate inflammasome/pyroptosis-related signaling by the ↓miR137→↑TLR3, the ↓miR574→↑TRAF5, and the ↓miR193b→↑CASP-9 axes, and induce IL1α/β and CASP-10/7. HHcy may induce inflammation signaling via GPCR activation through the ↓miRNA335→↑CXCR4/↑GNA14 axes. HHcy may activate molecular degradation process signaling through the ↓miRNA335→↑ASAH1/↑ABCB9 axes. HHcy may suppress cell cycle and proliferation through the miR491→↓HMGA2→↓CCNA2/CCNB2, the ↓miR335→↑VASH1, the ↓miR181a→↑PHLDA1, the miR6045→↓CENPH, the miR22→↓PRR11/↓BRCA2, and the miR605/miR497/miR514a→CEP55 axes
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Jan
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc., Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Ramon Cueto
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Liu Lu
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jason Sardy
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xinyu Xiong
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Justine E Yu
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hung Pham
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Mohsin Khan
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xuebing Qin
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, School of Medicine, Tulane University, Covington, LA, United States
| | - Yong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Yang
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hong Wang
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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25
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Yang F, Chen R. Loss of PHLDA1 has a protective role in OGD/R-injured neurons via regulation of the GSK-3β/Nrf2 pathway. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:1909-1920. [PMID: 33938317 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211014596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pleckstrin homology-like domain, family A, member 1 (PHLDA1) is a multifunctional protein that plays a role in diverse pathological conditions. However, whether PHLDA1 participates in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury has not been reported. The goals of the present work were to assess the possible relationship between PHLDA1 and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Hippocampal neurons were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) to simulate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in vitro, which led to significant increases in the expression of PHLDA1. Cellular functional studies showed that the knockdown of PHLDA1 produced a protective role in OGD/R-injured neurons via the down-regulation of neuronal apoptosis, oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokine release. On the contrary, the overexpression of PHLDA1 rendered neurons more vulnerable to OGD/R injury. In-depth research revealed that the inhibition of PHLDA1 resulted in the enhancement of nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 2 (Nrf2) signaling in OGD/R-injured neurons. The reactivation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) abolished the PHLDA1-inhibition-mediated activation of Nrf2 signaling. Moreover, the restraint of Nrf2 signaling diminished the PHLDA1-knockdown-induced neuroprotective effects in OGD/R-injured neurons. In summary, the data of our work show that the loss of PHLDA1 protects against OGD/R injury via potentiating Nrf2 signaling via the regulation of GSK-3β. This work underscores a potential role of PHLDA1 in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and proposes PHLDA1 as an attractive target for the development of neuroprotective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xianyang Hospital of Yan'an University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - R Chen
- Yizhixin Biotechnology Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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26
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Moretti R, Giuffré M, Caruso P, Gazzin S, Tiribelli C. Homocysteine in Neurology: A Possible Contributing Factor to Small Vessel Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042051. [PMID: 33669577 PMCID: PMC7922986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) is a sulfur-containing amino acid generated during methionine metabolism, accumulation of which may be caused by genetic defects or the deficit of vitamin B12 and folate. A serum level greater than 15 micro-mols/L is defined as hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy). Hcy has many roles, the most important being the active participation in the transmethylation reactions, fundamental for the brain. Many studies focused on the role of homocysteine accumulation in vascular or degenerative neurological diseases, but the results are still undefined. More is known in cardiovascular disease. HHcy is a determinant for the development and progression of inflammation, atherosclerotic plaque formation, endothelium, arteriolar damage, smooth muscle cell proliferation, and altered-oxidative stress response. Conversely, few studies focused on the relationship between HHcy and small vessel disease (SVD), despite the evidence that mice with HHcy showed a significant end-feet disruption of astrocytes with a diffuse SVD. A severe reduction of vascular aquaporin-4-water channels, lower levels of high-functioning potassium channels, and higher metalloproteinases are also observed. HHcy modulates the N-homocysteinylation process, promoting a pro-coagulative state and damage of the cellular protein integrity. This altered process could be directly involved in the altered endothelium activation, typical of SVD and protein quality, inhibiting the ubiquitin-proteasome system control. HHcy also promotes a constant enhancement of microglia activation, inducing the sustained pro-inflammatory status observed in SVD. This review article addresses the possible role of HHcy in small-vessel disease and understands its pathogenic impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Moretti
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mauro Giuffré
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Paola Caruso
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Silvia Gazzin
- Italian Liver Foundation, AREA SCIENCE PARK, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (S.G.); (C.T.)
| | - Claudio Tiribelli
- Italian Liver Foundation, AREA SCIENCE PARK, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (S.G.); (C.T.)
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27
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R Mangone F, Av Valoyes M, G do Nascimento R, Pf Conceição M, R Bastos D, C Pavanelli A, C Soares I, S de Mello E, Nonogaki S, Ab de T Osório C, A Nagai M. Prognostic and predictive value of Pleckstrin homology-like domain, family A family members in breast cancer. Biomark Med 2020; 14:1537-1552. [PMID: 33179538 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2020-0417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The PHLDA (pleckstrin homology like domain, family A) gene family encodes proteins capable of inhibiting AKT (serine/threonine kinase) signaling through phosphoinositol binding competition. Results & methodology: Using in silico analysis, we found that Luminal A and B patients' short relapse-free survival was associated with low PHLDA1 or PHLDA3 and high PHLDA2 expression. In a cohort of 393 patients with luminal breast cancer evaluated by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays, we found a direct association of PHLDA3 expression with hormonal therapy response (p = 0.013). Conclusion: Our findings provide new information on the role played by the PHLDA family members as prognostic markers in breast cancer, and more importantly, we provide evidence that they might also predict a response to endocrine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia R Mangone
- Discipline of Oncology, Department of Radiology & Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, 01246-903, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Center for Translational Research in Oncology, Cancer Institute of Sao Paulo, 01246-000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maira Av Valoyes
- Discipline of Oncology, Department of Radiology & Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, 01246-903, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Center for Translational Research in Oncology, Cancer Institute of Sao Paulo, 01246-000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renan G do Nascimento
- Discipline of Oncology, Department of Radiology & Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, 01246-903, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Center for Translational Research in Oncology, Cancer Institute of Sao Paulo, 01246-000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mércia Pf Conceição
- Discipline of Oncology, Department of Radiology & Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, 01246-903, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Center for Translational Research in Oncology, Cancer Institute of Sao Paulo, 01246-000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel R Bastos
- Discipline of Oncology, Department of Radiology & Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, 01246-903, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Center for Translational Research in Oncology, Cancer Institute of Sao Paulo, 01246-000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana C Pavanelli
- Discipline of Oncology, Department of Radiology & Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, 01246-903, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Center for Translational Research in Oncology, Cancer Institute of Sao Paulo, 01246-000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iberê C Soares
- Department of Pathology, Instituto do Cancer, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 01246-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Evandro S de Mello
- Department of Pathology, Instituto do Cancer, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 01246-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Suely Nonogaki
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, A. C. Camargo Cancer Center, 01509-020, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Ab de T Osório
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, A. C. Camargo Cancer Center, 01509-020, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria A Nagai
- Discipline of Oncology, Department of Radiology & Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, 01246-903, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Center for Translational Research in Oncology, Cancer Institute of Sao Paulo, 01246-000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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28
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Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Atherosclerosis and Its Potential as a Therapeutic Target. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:9270107. [PMID: 32963706 PMCID: PMC7499294 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9270107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is closely associated with atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). It occurs due to various pathological factors that interfere with ER homeostasis, resulting in the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen, thereby causing ER dysfunction. Here, we discuss the role of ER stress in different types of cells in atherosclerotic lesions. This discussion includes the activation of apoptotic and inflammatory pathways induced by prolonged ER stress, especially in advanced lesional macrophages and endothelial cells (ECs), as well as common atherosclerosis-related ER stressors in different lesional cells, which all contribute to the clinical progression of atherosclerosis. In view of the important role of ER stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathways in atherosclerosis and CVDs, targeting these processes to reduce ER stress may be a novel therapeutic strategy.
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29
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Liu P, Liu W, Gao H, Zhang Y, Yan M, Wang X. Circ0085539 Promotes Osteosarcoma Progression by Suppressing miR-526b-5p and PHLDA1 Axis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1250. [PMID: 32983961 PMCID: PMC7479240 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We have previously found that circ0085539/miR-526b-5p axis participated in the progression of osteosarcoma (OS). We have been interested in expanding the networking involving circ0085539 and miR-526-5p. We identified another critical downstream target of this axis, pleckstrin homology-like domain family A member 1 (PHLDA1), thus intending to uncover the interaction between the axis and PHLDA1. Methods: Live imaging of mice tumor xenografts was conducted. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and H&E staining were performed for our in vivo experiment, while the CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, wound healing, Transwell invasion, and clone formation were employed to assess cellular biological functions. Results: Circ0085539 was first found to be upregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines, and circ0085539 knockdown obviously suppressed proliferation and induced apoptosis. Subsequently, miR-526b-5p functionally attenuated the tumor suppressive effects induced by circ0106714 silencing on OS cells. PHLDA1 silencing significantly led to proliferation suppression, apoptosis induction, as well as the inhibition of migration, invasion, and colony formation capabilities in OS cells, which also could be restored by the miR-526b-5p inhibitor. Conclusion: Taken together, circ0085539 effectively promoted progression of osteosarcoma through sponging miR-526b-5p to release PHLDA1, strongly suggesting that in vivo intervention of circ0085539–miR-526b-5p–PHLDA1 axis could function as a promising OS-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, China
| | - Hang Gao
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, China
| | - Yuanding Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, China
| | - Ming Yan
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, China
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Platko K, Lebeau PF, Gyulay G, Lhoták Š, MacDonald ME, Pacher G, Hyun Byun J, Boivin FJ, Igdoura SA, Cutz JC, Bridgewater D, Ingram AJ, Krepinsky JC, Austin RC. TDAG51 (T-Cell Death-Associated Gene 51) Is a Key Modulator of Vascular Calcification and Osteogenic Transdifferentiation of Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:1664-1679. [PMID: 32434409 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.313779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease. Vascular calcification (VC) in the medial layer of the vessel wall is a unique and prominent feature in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease and is now recognized as an important predictor and independent risk factor for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in these patients. VC in chronic kidney disease is triggered by the transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) into osteoblasts as a consequence of elevated circulating inorganic phosphate (Pi) levels, due to poor kidney function. The objective of our study was to investigate the role of TDAG51 (T-cell death-associated gene 51) in the development of medial VC. METHODS AND RESULTS Using primary mouse and human VSMCs, we found that TDAG51 is induced in VSMCs by Pi and is expressed in the medial layer of calcified human vessels. Furthermore, the transcriptional activity of RUNX2 (Runt-related transcription factor 2), a well-established driver of Pi-mediated VC, is reduced in TDAG51-/- VSMCs. To explain these observations, we identified that TDAG51-/- VSMCs express reduced levels of the type III sodium-dependent Pi transporter, Pit-1, a solute transporter, a solute transporter, a solute transporter responsible for cellular Pi uptake. Significantly, in response to hyperphosphatemia induced by vitamin D3, medial VC was attenuated in TDAG51-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS Our studies highlight TDAG51 as an important mediator of Pi-induced VC in VSMCs through the downregulation of Pit-1. As such, TDAG51 may represent a therapeutic target for the prevention of VC and cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khrystyna Platko
- From the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (K.P., P.F.L., G.G., Š.L., M.E.M., G.P., J.H.B., A.J.I., J.C.K., R.C.A.), McMaster University, and The Research Institute of St. Joseph's Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Paul F Lebeau
- From the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (K.P., P.F.L., G.G., Š.L., M.E.M., G.P., J.H.B., A.J.I., J.C.K., R.C.A.), McMaster University, and The Research Institute of St. Joseph's Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Gabriel Gyulay
- From the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (K.P., P.F.L., G.G., Š.L., M.E.M., G.P., J.H.B., A.J.I., J.C.K., R.C.A.), McMaster University, and The Research Institute of St. Joseph's Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Šárka Lhoták
- From the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (K.P., P.F.L., G.G., Š.L., M.E.M., G.P., J.H.B., A.J.I., J.C.K., R.C.A.), McMaster University, and The Research Institute of St. Joseph's Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Melissa E MacDonald
- From the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (K.P., P.F.L., G.G., Š.L., M.E.M., G.P., J.H.B., A.J.I., J.C.K., R.C.A.), McMaster University, and The Research Institute of St. Joseph's Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Giusepina Pacher
- From the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (K.P., P.F.L., G.G., Š.L., M.E.M., G.P., J.H.B., A.J.I., J.C.K., R.C.A.), McMaster University, and The Research Institute of St. Joseph's Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jae Hyun Byun
- From the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (K.P., P.F.L., G.G., Š.L., M.E.M., G.P., J.H.B., A.J.I., J.C.K., R.C.A.), McMaster University, and The Research Institute of St. Joseph's Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Felix J Boivin
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (F.J.B., S.A.I., D.B.), McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Suleiman A Igdoura
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (F.J.B., S.A.I., D.B.), McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Biology (S.A.I.), McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jean-Claude Cutz
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (J.-C.C.), McMaster University, and The Research Institute of St. Joseph's Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Darren Bridgewater
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (F.J.B., S.A.I., D.B.), McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Alistair J Ingram
- From the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (K.P., P.F.L., G.G., Š.L., M.E.M., G.P., J.H.B., A.J.I., J.C.K., R.C.A.), McMaster University, and The Research Institute of St. Joseph's Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Joan C Krepinsky
- From the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (K.P., P.F.L., G.G., Š.L., M.E.M., G.P., J.H.B., A.J.I., J.C.K., R.C.A.), McMaster University, and The Research Institute of St. Joseph's Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Richard C Austin
- From the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (K.P., P.F.L., G.G., Š.L., M.E.M., G.P., J.H.B., A.J.I., J.C.K., R.C.A.), McMaster University, and The Research Institute of St. Joseph's Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Omer Sultan M, Farooque U, Javed R, Khan MI, Karimi S, Abdul Sattar R, Cheema O. Correlation of Homocysteine Level and Age in Patients with Ischemic Stroke. Cureus 2020; 12:e7785. [PMID: 32461857 PMCID: PMC7243624 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.7785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with atherosclerosis, as it can be seen in inborn errors of methionine metabolism. Likewise, many studies have also reported more modest increases in serum homocysteine levels in other atherosclerotic disorders like cardiovascular disease and all types of stroke with a positive correlation with age. But overall literature is controversial. Therefore, this study is being conducted to further investigate the relationship between homocysteine levels and age in patients, especially those with ischemic stroke. Material and methods This cross-sectional study is conducted at a major hospital in Karachi in which all patients with ischemic stroke, diagnosed within 24 hours on CT, and age 40-75 years of both genders were enrolled for six months. Other demographics were also noted like gender, smoking status, and comorbidities (diabetes mellitus [DM], hypertension [HTN]). The homocysteine level was also checked by collecting non-fasting blood. Vitamin B12 level was not checked. The age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and homocysteine level’s means and standard deviations and the gender, DM, hypertension, and smoking status frequencies and percentages were calculated. The correlation coefficient of homocysteine level and age was also calculated. Stratification was done to see the effects of gender, BMI, DM, and HTN on homocysteine levels by applying the chi-square test. Results The mean age of the patients was 55.60 ± 11.45 years. Gender distribution showed that 111 (62.40%) patients were male, and 67 (37.60%) patients were female. Diabetic, hypertensive, and smoking status of the patients was 58 (32.60%), 96 (53.90%), and 53 (29.80%), respectively. The mean homocysteine level was 14.61, with a standard deviation of 1.47. Pearson’s correlation test showed that there is no statistically significant correlation between homocysteine levels and age. But a significant linear relationship was found of homocysteine levels with DM and HTN. Conclusion Further investigation of the relationship of homocysteine levels with age, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension, and the role of homocysteine as a risk factor for ischemic stroke should be carried out on a larger scale to prove its accuracy. The benefits of screening for homocysteine levels also need to be studied in the elderly, especially those with diabetes mellitus and hypertension, which can lead to timely prevention of strokes and ischemic heart disease with vitamin B supplements, and other appropriate interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rafay Javed
- Internal Medicine, Jinnah Hospital, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, PAK
| | - Muhammad I Khan
- Internal Medicine, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, PAK
| | - Sundas Karimi
- General Surgery, Combined Military Hospital, Karachi, PAK
| | | | - Omer Cheema
- Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
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32
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Guo Y, Jia P, Chen Y, Yu H, Xin X, Bao Y, Yang H, Wu N, Sun Y, Jia D. PHLDA1 is a new therapeutic target of oxidative stress and ischemia reperfusion-induced myocardial injury. Life Sci 2020; 245:117347. [PMID: 31981628 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM Oxidative stress plays an important role in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Pleckstrin homology-like domain, family A, member 1 (PHLDA1) was first identified in apoptosis induced by T cell receptor activation, and was shown to play a different role in different cell types and under different stimuli. The role and mechanism of PHLDA1 in oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte injury and cardiac ischemia-reperfusion were therefore determined. MAIN METHODS Cell viability and apoptotic rate were measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry, respectively. Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured using JC-1 test kit. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was detected using ROS kit. HE staining was used to detect histological morphology, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining to detect infarct size, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining to detect the apoptotic rate, and immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis to detect protein expression. The binding of PHLDA1 to Bcl-2 associated X (Bax) was detected by immunoprecipitation. KEY FINDINGS The results indicated that PHLDA1 is highly expressed in oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injuries. PHLDA1 overexpression in cardiomyocytes promoted oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte injury. At the same time, PHLDA1 knockdown improved oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injuries. In addition, PHLDA1 binds to Bax and the interaction is enhanced under H2O2 stimulation. SIGNIFICANCE The present results indicated that PHLDA1 interacts with Bax to participate in oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte injury and myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Pengyu Jia
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuqiong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Hang Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Xin Xin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Yandong Bao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Huimin Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Central Laboratory of The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China.
| | - Dalin Jia
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China.
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PHLDA1 Does Not Contribute Directly to Heat Shock-Induced Apoptosis of Spermatocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010267. [PMID: 31906015 PMCID: PMC6982182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Spermatocytes are among the most heat-sensitive cells and the exposure of testes to heat shock results in their Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1)-mediated apoptosis. Several lines of evidence suggest that pleckstrin-homology-like domain family A, member 1 (PHLDA1) plays a role in promoting heat shock-induced cell death in spermatogenic cells, yet its precise physiological role is not well understood. Aiming to elucidate the hypothetical role of PHLDA1 in HSF1-mediated apoptosis of spermatogenic cells we characterized its expression in mouse testes during normal development and after heat shock. We stated that transcription of Phlda1 is upregulated by heat shock in many adult mouse organs including the testes. Analyzes of the Phlda1 expression during postnatal development indicate that it is expressed in pre-meiotic or somatic cells of the testis. It starts to be transcribed much earlier than spermatocytes are fully developed and its transcripts and protein products do not accumulate further in the later stages. Moreover, neither heat shock nor expression of constitutively active HSF1 results in the accumulation of PHLDA1 protein in meiotic and post-meiotic cells although both conditions induce massive apoptosis of spermatocytes. Furthermore, the overexpression of PHLDA1 in NIH3T3 cells leads to cell detachment, yet classical apoptosis is not observed. Therefore, our findings indicate that PHLDA1 cannot directly contribute to the heat-induced apoptosis of spermatocytes. Instead, PHLDA1 could hypothetically participate in death of spermatocytes indirectly via activation of changes in the somatic or pre-meiotic cells present in the testes.
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Reddy VS, Trinath J, Reddy GB. Implication of homocysteine in protein quality control processes. Biochimie 2019; 165:19-31. [PMID: 31269461 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) is a key metabolite generated during methionine metabolism. The elevated levels of Hcy in the blood are reffered to as hyperhomocystenimeia (HHcy). The HHcy is caused by impaired metabolism/deficiency of either folate or B12 or defects in Hcy metabolism. Accumulating evidence suggests that HHcy is associated with cardiovascular and brain diseases including atherosclerosis, endothelial injury, and stroke etc. Vitamin B12 (cobalamin; B12) is a water-soluble vitamin essential for two metabolic reactions. It acts as a co-factor for methionine synthase and L-methylmalonyl-CoA mutase. Besides, it is also vital for DNA synthesis and maturation of RBC. Deficiency of B12 is associated with haematological and neurological disorders. Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy)-induced toxicity is thought to be mediated by the accumulation of Hcy and its metabolites, homocysteinylated proteins. Cellular protein quality control (PQC) is essential for the maintenance of proteome integrity, and cell viability and its failure contributes to the development of multiple diseases. Chaperones, unfolded protein response (UPR), ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), and autophagy are analogous strategies of PQC that maintain cellular proteome integrity. Recently, multiple studies reported that HHcy responsible for perturbation of PQC by reducing chaperone levels, activating UPR, and impairing autophagy. Besides, HHcy also induce cytotoxicity, inflammation, protein aggregation and apoptosis. It has been shown that some of the factors including altered SIRT1-HSF1 axis and irreversible homocysteinylation of proteins are responsible for folate and/or B12 deficiency or HHcy-induced impairment of PQC. Therefore, this review highlights the current understanding of HHcy in the context of cellular PQC and their pathophysiological and clinical consequences, epigenomic changes, therapeutic implications of B12, and chemical chaperones based on cell culture and experimental animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sudhakar Reddy
- Biochemistry Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Jamma Trinath
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS-Pilani, 500078, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Yun H, Park ES, Choi S, Shin B, Yu J, Yu J, Amarasekara DS, Kim S, Lee N, Choi JS, Choi Y, Rho J. TDAG51 is a crucial regulator of maternal care and depressive-like behavior after parturition. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1008214. [PMID: 31251738 PMCID: PMC6599150 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Postpartum depression is a severe emotional and mental disorder that involves maternal care defects and psychiatric illness. Postpartum depression is closely associated with a combination of physical changes and physiological stress during pregnancy or after parturition in stress-sensitive women. Although postpartum depression is relatively well known to have deleterious effects on the developing fetus, the influence of genetic risk factors on the development of postpartum depression remains unclear. In this study, we discovered a novel function of T cell death-associated gene 51 (TDAG51/PHLDA1) in the regulation of maternal and depressive-like behavior. After parturition, TDAG51-deficient dams showed impaired maternal behavior in pup retrieving, nursing and nest building tests. In contrast to the normal dams, the TDAG51-deficient dams also exhibited more sensitive depressive-like behaviors after parturition. Furthermore, changes in the expression levels of various maternal and depressive-like behavior-associated genes regulating neuroendocrine factor and monoamine neurotransmitter levels were observed in TDAG51-deficient postpartum brain tissues. These findings indicate that TDAG51 plays a protective role against maternal care defects and depressive-like behavior after parturition. Thus, TDAG51 is a maternal care-associated gene that functions as a crucial regulator of maternal and depressive-like behavior after parturition. Postpartum depression is a severe emotional and mental disease that can affect women typically after parturition. However, the genetic risk factors associated with the development of postpartum depression are still largely unknown. We discovered a novel function of T cell death-associated gene 51 (TDAG51) in the regulation of maternal behavior and postpartum depression. We report that TDAG51 deficiency induces depressive-like and abnormal maternal behavior after parturition. The loss of TDAG51 in postpartum brain tissues induces changes in the expression levels of various maternal and depressive-like behavior-associated genes that regulate the levels of neuroendocrine factors and monoamine neurotransmitters. TDAG51 is a maternal care-associated gene that functions as a crucial regulator of maternal and depressive-like behavior after parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongseok Yun
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Eui-Soon Park
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seunga Choi
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Bongjin Shin
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jungeun Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | | | - Sumi Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Nari Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jong-Soon Choi
- Division of Life Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yongwon Choi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jaerang Rho
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Hoshino I, Takahashi M, Akutsu Y, Murakami K, Matsumoto Y, Suito H, Sekino N, Komatsu A, Iida K, Suzuki T, Inoue I, Ishige F, Iwatate Y, Matsubara H. Genome-wide ChIP-seq data with a transcriptome analysis reveals the groups of genes regulated by histone demethylase LSD1 inhibition in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:872-881. [PMID: 31289565 PMCID: PMC6539443 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of genes is controlled by histone modification, histone acetylation and methylation, but abnormalities of these modifications have been observed in carcinogenesis and cancer development. The effect of the lysine-specific histone demethylase 1 (LSD1) inhibitor, a demethylating enzyme of histones, is thought to be caused by controlling the expression of genes. The aim of the present study is to elucidate the efficacies of the LSD1 inhibitor on the gene expression of esophageal cancer cell lines using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-Seq. A comprehensive analysis of gene expression changes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell lines induced by the LSD1 inhibitor NCL1 was clarified via analysis using microarray. In addition, ChIP-seq analysis was conducted using a SimpleChIP plus Enzymatic Chromatin IP kit. NCL1 strongly suppressed the proliferation of T.Tn and TE2 cells, which are ESCC cell lines, and further induced apoptosis. According to the combinatory analysis of ChIP-seq and microarray, 17 genes were upregulated, and 16 genes were downregulated in both cell lines. The comprehensive gene expression study performed in the present study is considered to be useful for analyzing the mechanism of the antitumor effect of the LSD1 inhibitor in patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isamu Hoshino
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
| | - Masahiko Takahashi
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yasunori Akutsu
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kentaro Murakami
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yasunori Matsumoto
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suito
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Nobufumi Sekino
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Aki Komatsu
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Keiko Iida
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kita-ku, Kyoto 403-8334, Japan
| | - Itsuro Inoue
- Division of Human Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Ishige
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
| | - Yosuke Iwatate
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
| | - Hisahiro Matsubara
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
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da Silva GM, Saavedra V, Ianez RCF, de Sousa EA, Gomes ÁN, Kelner N, Nagai MA, Kowalski LP, Soares FA, Lourenço SV, Coutinho-Camillo CM. Apoptotic signaling in salivary mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Head Neck 2019; 41:2904-2913. [PMID: 30968512 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of salivary glands. Apoptosis plays an important role in organogenesis of glandular structures, and aberrations of apoptotic mechanisms is associated with a wide array of pathologic conditions. METHODS The immunoexpression of proteins associated with apoptosis and proliferation was evaluated in 40 mucoepidermoid carcinoma cases. RESULTS Par-4, Survivin, MUC1, PHLDA1, Fas, and Ki-67 were predominantly expressed in mucoepidermoid carcinoma. FasL was rarely expressed, and Caspase-3 expression was observed in almost 50% of the cases. SPARC expression was associated with low-grade tumors, and Ki-67 expression was associated with lymph node metastasis. Expression of Fas and decreased expression of Ki-67 and Caspase-3 were associated with better overall cancer-specific survival rates. CONCLUSIONS The association of SPARC and Ki-67 expression with pathological features and the association of Fas, Caspase-3, and Ki-67 with survival probabilities suggest that these proteins may be useful prognostic markers for mucoepidermoid carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victoria Saavedra
- International Research Center, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata C F Ianez
- International Research Center, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elen A de Sousa
- International Research Center, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ágatha N Gomes
- International Research Center, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natalie Kelner
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria A Nagai
- Discipline of Oncology, Department of Radiology and Oncology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Center for Translational Research in Oncology, Cancer Institute of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz P Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando A Soares
- Department of General Pathology, Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Pathology Division, Rede D'Or Hospitals Network, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia V Lourenço
- Department of General Pathology, Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Chen Y, Takikawa M, Tsutsumi S, Yamaguchi Y, Okabe A, Shimada M, Kawase T, Sada A, Ezawa I, Takano Y, Nagata K, Suzuki Y, Semba K, Aburatani H, Ohki R. PHLDA1, another PHLDA family protein that inhibits Akt. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:3532-3542. [PMID: 30207029 PMCID: PMC6215895 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The PHLDA family (pleckstrin homology‐like domain family) of genes consists of 3 members: PHLDA1, 2, and 3. Both PHLDA3 and PHLDA2 are phosphatidylinositol (PIP) binding proteins and function as repressors of Akt. They have tumor suppressive functions, mainly through Akt inhibition. Several reports suggest that PHLDA1 also has a tumor suppressive function; however, the precise molecular functions of PHLDA1 remain to be elucidated. Through a comprehensive screen for p53 target genes, we identified PHLDA1 as a novel p53 target, and we show that PHLDA1 has the ability to repress Akt in a manner similar to that of PHLDA3 and PHLDA2. PHLDA1 has a so‐called split PH domain in which the PH domain is divided into an N‐terminal (β sheets 1‐3) and a C‐terminal (β sheets 4‐7 and an α‐helix) portions. We show that the PH domain of PHLDA1 is responsible for its localization to the plasma membrane and binding to phosphatidylinositol. We also show that the function of the PH domain is essential for Akt repression. In addition, PHLDA1 expression analysis suggests that PHLDA1 has a tumor suppressive function in breast and ovarian cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Fundamental Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takikawa
- Laboratory of Fundamental Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Tsutsumi
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Fundamental Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Science, Department of Biomolecular Science, Toho University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Okabe
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mayuna Shimada
- Laboratory of Fundamental Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kawase
- Laboratory of Fundamental Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akane Sada
- Laboratory of Fundamental Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Issei Ezawa
- Laboratory of Fundamental Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuhei Takano
- Laboratory of Fundamental Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kisaburo Nagata
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biomolecular Science, Toho University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Laboratory of Systems Genomics, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kentaro Semba
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rieko Ohki
- Laboratory of Fundamental Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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Exogenous hydrogen sulfide protects from endothelial cell damage, platelet activation, and neutrophils extracellular traps formation in hyperhomocysteinemia rats. Exp Cell Res 2018; 370:434-443. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Yu X, Wang G, Zhan J, Zhang Z, Feng T, Xu J. Risk factors of pure leukoaraiosis and the association with preclinical carotid atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2018; 275:328-332. [PMID: 30015295 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.06.869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The risk factors of cerebral large artery disease (carotid atherosclerosis) have been well recognized, but not of small artery disease, especially leukoaraiosis. In this study, we investigated the risk factors of pure leukoaraiosis (without stroke), and the association with preclinical carotid atherosclerosis. METHODS Data from 384 subjects with leukoaraiosis and 379 controls with normal cerebral parenchyma were collected at the Beijing Tiantan Hospital from 1 January, 2009 to 31 December, 2015. Entry criteria: 1) age over 40 years; 2) not taking lipid lowering drugs and vitamin B; 3) normal cerebral parenchyma or leukoaraiosis on brain MRI scan; 4) intra- and extra-cranial large artery stenosis less than 50%. EXCLUSION CRITERIA 1) any brain lesions except cerebral leukoaraiosis; 2) severe systemic diseases. Age, gender, well-known vascular risk factors, serum lipid profile, levels of total homocysteine, vitamin B12, folic acid were analyzed with multivariable logistic regression model. RESULTS Age and hypertension, but not serum homocysteine, vitamin B12, folic acid, or serum lipid profile, were independently associated with leukoaraiosis. Furthermore, there was no significant association between pure leukoaraiosis and preclinical carotid atherosclerosis after adjusting for age. CONCLUSIONS Only age and hypertension are independently related to pure leukoaraiosis, and there is no association between pure leukoaraiosis and preclinical carotid atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Yu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Guihong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Jiong Zhan
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zaiqiang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Tao Feng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Neurology, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
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41
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Huang A, Patel S, McAlpine CS, Werstuck GH. The Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Signaling in Atherogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061607. [PMID: 29848965 PMCID: PMC6032052 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of global mortality and atherosclerosis is the underlying cause of most CVD. However, the molecular mechanisms by which cardiovascular risk factors promote the development of atherosclerosis are not well understood. The development of new efficient therapies to directly block or slow disease progression will require a better understanding of these mechanisms. Accumulating evidence supports a role for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in all stages of the developing atherosclerotic lesion however, it was not clear how ER stress may contribute to disease progression. Recent findings have shown that ER stress signaling through glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3α may significantly contribute to macrophage lipid accumulation, inflammatory cytokine production and M1macrophage polarization. In this review we summarize our knowledge of the potential role of ER stress-GSK3 signaling in the development and progression of atherosclerosis as well as the possible therapeutic implications of this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aric Huang
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L9L 2X2, Canada.
| | - Sarvatit Patel
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L9L 2X2, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.
| | - Cameron S McAlpine
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L9L 2X2, Canada.
| | - Geoff H Werstuck
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L9L 2X2, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.
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42
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Targeting the Endoplasmic Reticulum Unfolded Protein Response to Counteract the Oxidative Stress-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:4946289. [PMID: 29725497 PMCID: PMC5872601 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4946289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In endothelial cells, the tight control of the redox environment is essential for the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. The imbalance between ROS production and antioxidant response can induce endothelial dysfunction, the initial event of many cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies have revealed that the endoplasmic reticulum could be a new player in the promotion of the pro- or antioxidative pathways and that in such a modulation, the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways play an essential role. The UPR consists of a set of conserved signalling pathways evolved to restore the proteostasis during protein misfolding within the endoplasmic reticulum. Although the first outcome of the UPR pathways is the promotion of an adaptive response, the persistent activation of UPR leads to increased oxidative stress and cell death. This molecular switch has been correlated to the onset or to the exacerbation of the endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we highlight the multiple chances of the UPR to induce or ameliorate oxidative disturbances and propose the UPR pathways as a new therapeutic target for the clinical management of endothelial dysfunction.
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43
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, a Driver or an Innocent Bystander in Endothelial Dysfunction Associated with Hypertension? Curr Hypertens Rep 2018; 19:64. [PMID: 28717886 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-017-0762-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hypertension (htn) is a polygenic disorder that effects up to one third of the US population. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response is a homeostatic pathway that regulates membrane structure, protein folding, and secretory function. Emerging evidence suggests that ER stress may induce endothelial dysfunction; however, it is unclear whether ER stress-associated endothelial dysfunction modulates htn. RECENT FINDINGS Exogenous and endogenous molecules activate ER stress in the endothelium, and ER stress mediates some forms of neurogenic htn, such as angiotensin II-dependent htn. Human studies suggest that ER stress induces endothelial dysfunction, though direct evidence that ER stress augments blood pressure in humans is lacking. However, animal and cellular models demonstrate direct evidence that ER stress influences htn. ER stress is likely one of many players in a complex interplay among molecular pathways that influence the expression of htn. Targeted activation of specific ER stress pathways may provide novel therapeutic opportunities.
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44
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3',4'-dihydroxyflavonol ameliorates endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis and endothelial dysfunction in mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1818. [PMID: 29379034 PMCID: PMC5789000 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19584-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been implicated in the development of hypertension 3 through the induction of endothelial impairment. As 3′,4′-dihydroxyflavonol (DiOHF) 4 reduces vascular injury caused by ischaemia/reperfusion or diabetes, and flavonols have been demonstrated to attenuate ER stress, we investigated whether DiOHF can protect mice from ER stress-induced endothelial dysfunction. Male C57BLK/6 J mice were injected with tunicamycin to induce ER stress in the presence or absence of either DiOHF or tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an inhibitor of ER stress. Tunicamycin elevated blood pressure and impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation. Moreover, in aortae there was evidence of ER stress, oxidative stress and reduced NO production. This was coincident with increased NOX2 expression and reduced phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) on Ser1176. Importantly, the effects of tunicamycin were significantly ameliorated by DiOHF or TUDCA. DiOHF also inhibited tunicamycin-induced ER stress and apoptosis in cultured human endothelial cells (HUVEC). These results provide evidence that ER stress is likely an important initiator of endothelial dysfunction through the induction of oxidative stress and a reduction in NO synthesis and that DiOHF directly protects against ER stress- induced injury. DiOHF may be useful to prevent ER and oxidative stress to preserve endothelial function, for example in hypertension.
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45
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Coleman SK, Cao AW, Rebalka IA, Gyulay G, Chambers PJ, Tupling AR, Austin RC, Hawke TJ. The Pleckstrin homology like domain family member, TDAG51, is temporally regulated during skeletal muscle regeneration. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:499-505. [PMID: 29127005 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The capacity for skeletal muscle to repair from daily insults as well as larger injuries is a vital component to maintaining muscle health over our lifetime. Given the importance of skeletal muscle for our physical and metabolic well-being, identifying novel factors mediating the growth and repair of skeletal muscle will thus build our foundational knowledge and help lead to potential therapeutic avenues for muscle wasting disorders. To that end, we investigated the expression of T-cell death associated gene 51 (TDAG51) during skeletal muscle repair and studied the response of TDAG51 deficient (TDAG51-/-) mice to chemically-induced muscle damage. TDAG51 mRNA and protein expression within uninjured skeletal muscle is almost undetectable but, in response to chemically-induced muscle damage, protein levels increase by 5 days post-injury and remain elevated for up to 10 days of regeneration. To determine the impact of TDAG51 deletion on skeletal muscle form and function, we compared adult male TDAG51-/- mice with age-matched wild-type (WT) mice. Body and muscle mass were not different between the two groups, however, in situ muscle testing demonstrated a significant reduction in force production both before and after fatiguing contractions in TDAG51-/- mice. During the early phases of the regenerative process (5 days post-injury), TDAG51-/- muscles display a significantly larger area of degenerating muscle tissue concomitant with significantly less regenerating area compared to WT (as demonstrated by embryonic myosin heavy chain expression). Despite these early deficits in regeneration, TDAG51-/- muscles displayed no morphological deficits by 10 days post injury compared to WT mice. Taken together, the data presented herein demonstrate TDAG51 expression to be upregulated in damaged skeletal muscle and its absence attenuates the early phases of muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha K Coleman
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Andrew W Cao
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Irena A Rebalka
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Gabriel Gyulay
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Paige J Chambers
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - A Russell Tupling
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Richard C Austin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Thomas J Hawke
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada.
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Fu Y, Wang X, Kong W. Hyperhomocysteinaemia and vascular injury: advances in mechanisms and drug targets. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:1173-1189. [PMID: 28836260 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Homocysteine is a sulphur-containing non-proteinogenic amino acid. Hyperhomocysteinaemia (HHcy), the pathogenic elevation of plasma homocysteine as a result of an imbalance of its metabolism, is an independent risk factor for various vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, vascular calcification and aneurysm. Treatments aimed at lowering plasma homocysteine via dietary supplementation with folic acids and vitamin B are more effective in preventing vascular disease where the population has a normally low folate consumption than in areas with higher dietary folate. To date, the mechanisms of HHcy-induced vascular injury are not fully understood. HHcy increases oxidative stress and its downstream signalling pathways, resulting in vascular inflammation. HHcy also causes vascular injury via endoplasmic reticulum stress. Moreover, HHcy up-regulates pathogenic genes and down-regulates protective genes via DNA demethylation and methylation respectively. Homocysteinylation of proteins induced by homocysteine also contributes to vascular injury by modulating intracellular redox state and altering protein function. Furthermore, HHcy-induced vascular injury leads to neuronal damage and disease. Also, an HHcy-activated sympathetic system and HHcy-injured adipose tissue also cause vascular injury, thus demonstrating the interactions between the organs injured by HHcy. Here, we have summarized the recent developments in the mechanisms of HHcy-induced vascular injury, which are further considered as potential therapeutic targets in this condition. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Spotlight on Small Molecules in Cardiovascular Diseases. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.8/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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47
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Huang CF, Wang WN, Sun CC, Wang YQ, Li L, Li Y, Li DJ. Echinocystic acid ameliorates hyperhomocysteinemia-induced vascular endothelial cell injury through regulating NF-κB and CYP1A1. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:4174-4180. [PMID: 29104633 PMCID: PMC5658691 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the role of echinocystic acid (EA) on the expression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), and aortic morphology, in a rat model of hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhcy). A total of 50 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups as follows: Normal control (NC), model control (MC), vitamin control (VC; folic acid 1 mg/kg + vitamin B2 2 mg/kg + vitamin B12 10u g/kg), EA1 (20 mg/kg EA) and EA2 (40 mg/kg EA). Plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels were determined via high performance liquid chromatography, and the morphology of the aorta was investigated using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Furthermore, aortic mRNA and protein levels of NF-κB and CYP1A1 were measured using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and western blotting, respectively. Plasma Hcy levels, and aortic mRNA and protein levels of NF-κB and CYP1A1, were significantly lower in the EA-treated group compared with the MC group (all P<0.05). However, the aortic morphology remained normal, including the endothelial cells of the inner layer, and smooth muscle cells of the media layer and adventitia. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that EA has a protective role on vascular endothelial cells in Hhcy through decreasing plasma Hcy, and thus NF-κB and CYP1A1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Feng Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, Henan 473003, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Na Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, Henan 473003, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Cao Sun
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Qing Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, Henan 473003, P.R. China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, Henan 473003, P.R. China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, Henan 473003, P.R. China
| | - De-Jia Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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48
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Cheng J, Ukwatta E, Shavakh S, Chow TWS, Parraga G, Spence JD, Chiu B. Sensitive three-dimensional ultrasound assessment of carotid atherosclerosis by weighted average of local vessel wall and plaque thickness change. Med Phys 2017; 44:5280-5292. [PMID: 28782187 DOI: 10.1002/mp.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin B deficiency has been identified as a risk factor for vascular events. However, the reduction of vascular events was not shown in large randomized controlled trials evaluating B-Vitamin therapy. There is an important requirement to develop sensitive biomarkers to be used as efficacy targets for B-Vitamin therapy as well as other dietary treatments and lifestyle regimes that are being developed. Carotid vessel-wall-plus-plaque thickness change (VWT-Change) measured from 3D ultrasound has been shown to be sensitive to atorvastatin therapies in previous studies. However, B-Vitamin treatment is expected to confer a smaller beneficial effect in carotid atherosclerosis than the strong dose of atorvastatin. This paper introduces a sensitive atherosclerosis biomarker based on the weighted mean VWT-Change measurement from 3D ultrasound with a purpose to detect statistically significant effect of B-Vitamin therapy. METHODS Of the 56 subjects analyzed in this study, 27 were randomized to receive a B-Vitamin tablet daily and 29 received a placebo tablet daily. Participants were scanned at baseline and 1.9 ± 0.8 yr later. The 3D VWT map at each scanning session was computed by matching the outer wall and lumen surfaces on a point-by-point basis. The 3D annual VWT-Change maps were obtained by first registering the 3D VWT maps obtained at the baseline and follow-up scanning sessions, and then taking the point-wise difference in VWT and dividing the result by the years elapsed from the baseline to the follow-up scanning session. The 3D VWT-Change maps constructed for all patients were mapped to a 2D carotid template to adjust for the anatomic variability of the arteries. A weight at each point of the carotid template was assigned based on the degree of correlation between the VWT-Change measurements exhibited at that point and the treatment received (i.e., B-Vitamin or placebo) quantified by mutual information. The weighted mean of VWT-Change for each patient, denoted by ΔVWT¯Weighted, was computed according to this weight. T-tests were performed to compare the sensitivity of ΔVWT¯Weighted with existing biomarkers in detecting treatment effects. These biomarkers included changes in intima-media thickness (IMT), total plaque area (TPA), vessel wall volume (VWV), unweighted average of VWT-Change (ΔVWT¯) and a previously described biomarker, denoted by ΔVWT¯S, that quantifies the mean VWT-Change specific to regions of interest identified by a feature selection algorithm. RESULTS Among the six biomarkers evaluated, the effect of B Vitamins was detected only by ΔVWT¯Weighted in this cohort (P=4.4×10-3). The sample sizes per treatment group required to detect an effect as large as exhibited in this study were 139, 178, 41 for ΔVWV, ΔVWT¯ and ΔVWT¯Weighted respectively. CONCLUSION The proposed weighted mean of VWT-Change is more sensitive than existing biomarkers in detecting treatment effects. This measurement tool will allow for many proof-of-principal studies to be performed for various novel treatments before a more costly study involving a larger population is held to validate the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Cheng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Eranga Ukwatta
- Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shadi Shavakh
- Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tommy W S Chow
- Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Grace Parraga
- Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - J David Spence
- Stroke Prevention and Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bernard Chiu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
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49
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Wang Y, Zhao Z, Shi S, Gao F, Wu J, Dong S, Zhang W, Liu Y, Zhong X. Calcium sensing receptor initiating cystathionine-gamma-lyase/hydrogen sulfide pathway to inhibit platelet activation in hyperhomocysteinemia rat. Exp Cell Res 2017. [PMID: 28633902 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy, high homocysteine) induces the injury of endothelial cells (ECs). Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) protects ECs and inhibits the activation of platelets. Calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) regulates the production of endogenous H2S. However, whether CaSR inhibits the injury of ECs and the activation of platelets by regulating the endogenous cystathionine-gamma-lyase (CSE, a major enzyme that produces H2S)/H2S pathway in hyperhomocysteinemia has not been previously investigated. Here, we tested the ultrastructure alterations of ECs and platelets, the changes in the concentration of serum homocysteine and the parameters of blood of hyperhomocysteinemia rats were measured. The aggregation rate and expression of P-selectin of platelets were assessed. Additionally, the expression levels of CaSR and CSE in the aorta of rats were examined by western blotting. The mitochondrial membrane potential and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured; the expression of phospho-calmodulin kinases II (p-CaMK II) and Von Willebrand Factor (vWF) of cultured ECs from rat thoracic aortas were measured. We found that the aggregation rate and the expression of P-selectin of platelets increased, and the expression of CaSR and CSE decreased in HHcy rats. In the ECs of HHcy group, the ROS production increased and the mitochondrial membrane potential decreased markedly, the expression of CSE and the p-CaMK II increased after treatment with CaSR agonist while decreased upon administration of U73122 (PLC-specific inhibitor) and 2-APB (IP3 Receptor inhibitor). CaSR agonist or NaHS significantly reversed the ECs injured and platelet aggregation caused by hyperhomocysteinemia. Our results demonstrate that CaSR regulates the endogenous CSE/H2S pathway to inhibit the activation of platelets which concerts the protection of ECs in hyperhomocysteinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Ziqing Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Sa Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Jichao Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Shiyun Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China.
| | - Xin Zhong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China.
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Butler MR, Ma H, Yang F, Belcher J, Le YZ, Mikoshiba K, Biel M, Michalakis S, Iuso A, Križaj D, Ding XQ. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca 2+-channel activity contributes to ER stress and cone death in cyclic nucleotide-gated channel deficiency. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:11189-11205. [PMID: 28495882 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.782326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mislocalization of improperly folded proteins have been shown to contribute to photoreceptor death in models of inherited retinal degenerative diseases. In particular, mice with cone cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channel deficiency, a model for achromatopsia, display both early-onset ER stress and opsin mistrafficking. By 2 weeks of age, these mice show elevated signaling from all three arms of the ER-stress pathway, and by 1 month, cone opsin is improperly distributed away from its normal outer segment location to other retinal layers. This work investigated the role of Ca2+-release channels in ER stress, protein mislocalization, and cone death in a mouse model of CNG-channel deficiency. We examined whether preservation of luminal Ca2+ stores through pharmacological and genetic suppression of ER Ca2+ efflux protects cones by attenuating ER stress. We demonstrated that the inhibition of ER Ca2+-efflux channels reduced all three arms of ER-stress signaling while improving opsin trafficking to cone outer segments and decreasing cone death by 20-35%. Cone-specific gene deletion of the inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type I (IP3R1) also significantly increased cone density in the CNG-channel-deficient mice, suggesting that IP3R1 signaling contributes to Ca2+ homeostasis and cone survival. Consistent with the important contribution of organellar Ca2+ signaling in this achromatopsia mouse model, significant differences in dynamic intraorganellar Ca2+ levels were detected in CNG-channel-deficient cones. These results thus identify a novel molecular link between Ca2+ homeostasis and cone degeneration, thereby revealing novel therapeutic targets to preserve cones in inherited retinal degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fan Yang
- From the Departments of Cell Biology
| | | | - Yun-Zheng Le
- From the Departments of Cell Biology.,Internal Medicine, and.,Ophthalmology and.,the Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104
| | - Katsuhiko Mikoshiba
- the Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Hirosawa Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Martin Biel
- the Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) and Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany, and
| | - Stylianos Michalakis
- the Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) and Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany, and
| | - Anthony Iuso
- the John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132
| | - David Križaj
- the John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132
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