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Hanson BS, Hailemariam A, Yang Y, Mohamed F, Donati GL, Baker D, Sacchettini J, Cai JJ, Subashchandrabose S. Identification of a copper-responsive small molecule inhibitor of uropathogenic Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 2024:e0011224. [PMID: 38856220 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00112-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a major global health problem and are caused predominantly by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). UTIs are a leading cause of prescription antimicrobial use. Incessant increase in antimicrobial resistance in UPEC and other uropathogens poses a serious threat to the current treatment practices. Copper is an effector of nutritional immunity that impedes the growth of pathogens during infection. We hypothesized that copper would augment the toxicity of select small molecules against bacterial pathogens. We conducted a small molecule screening campaign with a library of 51,098 molecules to detect hits that inhibit a UPEC ΔtolC mutant in a copper-dependent manner. A molecule, denoted as E. coli inhibitor or ECIN, was identified as a copper-responsive inhibitor of wild-type UPEC strains. Our gene expression and metal content analysis results demonstrate that ECIN works in concert with copper to exacerbate Cu toxicity in UPEC. ECIN has a broad spectrum of activity against pathogens of medical and veterinary significance including Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Subinhibitory levels of ECIN eliminate UPEC biofilm formation. Transcriptome analysis of UPEC treated with ECIN reveals induction of multiple stress response systems. Furthermore, we demonstrate that L-cysteine rescues the growth of UPEC exposed to ECIN. In summary, we report the identification and characterization of a novel copper-responsive small molecule inhibitor of UPEC.IMPORTANCEUrinary tract infection (UTI) is a ubiquitous infectious condition affecting millions of people annually. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the predominant etiological agent of UTI. However, UTIs are becoming increasingly difficult to resolve with antimicrobials due to increased antimicrobial resistance in UPEC and other uropathogens. Here, we report the identification and characterization of a novel copper-responsive small molecule inhibitor of UPEC. In addition to E. coli, this small molecule also inhibits pathogens of medical and veterinary significance including Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braden S Hanson
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Amanuel Hailemariam
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Yongjian Yang
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Faras Mohamed
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - George L Donati
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dwight Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - James Sacchettini
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - James J Cai
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Sargurunathan Subashchandrabose
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Wang S, Fang R, Wang H, Li X, Xing J, Li Z, Song N. The role of transcriptional regulators in metal ion homeostasis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1360880. [PMID: 38529472 PMCID: PMC10961391 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1360880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Metal ions are essential trace elements for all living organisms and play critical catalytic, structural, and allosteric roles in many enzymes and transcription factors. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), as an intracellular pathogen, is usually found in host macrophages, where the bacterium can survive and replicate. One of the reasons why Tuberculosis (TB) is so difficult to eradicate is the continuous adaptation of its pathogen. It is capable of adapting to a wide range of harsh environmental stresses, including metal ion toxicity in the host macrophages. Altering the concentration of metal ions is the common host strategy to limit MTB replication and persistence. This review mainly focuses on transcriptional regulatory proteins in MTB that are involved in the regulation of metal ions such as iron, copper and zinc. The aim is to offer novel insights and strategies for screening targets for TB treatment, as well as for the development and design of new therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Tract Pathogens and Drug Therapy, School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ren Fang
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Tract Pathogens and Drug Therapy, School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Tract Pathogens and Drug Therapy, School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiaotian Li
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Tract Pathogens and Drug Therapy, School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jiayin Xing
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Tract Pathogens and Drug Therapy, School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhaoli Li
- Drug Innovation Research Center, SAFE Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Ningning Song
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Tract Pathogens and Drug Therapy, School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
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Méndez AAE, Argüello JM, Soncini FC, Checa SK. Scs system links copper and redox homeostasis in bacterial pathogens. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105710. [PMID: 38309504 PMCID: PMC10907172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The bacterial envelope is an essential compartment involved in metabolism and metabolites transport, virulence, and stress defense. Its roles become more evident when homeostasis is challenged during host-pathogen interactions. In particular, the presence of free radical groups and excess copper in the periplasm causes noxious reactions, such as sulfhydryl group oxidation leading to enzymatic inactivation and protein denaturation. In response to this, canonical and accessory oxidoreductase systems are induced, performing quality control of thiol groups, and therefore contributing to restoring homeostasis and preserving survival under these conditions. Here, we examine recent advances in the characterization of the Dsb-like, Salmonella-specific Scs system. This system includes the ScsC/ScsB pair of Cu+-binding proteins with thiol-oxidoreductase activity, an alternative ScsB-partner, the membrane-linked ScsD, and a likely associated protein, ScsA, with a role in peroxide resistance. We discuss the acquisition of the scsABCD locus and its integration into a global regulatory pathway directing envelope response to Cu stress during the evolution of pathogens that also harbor the canonical Dsb systems. The evidence suggests that the canonical Dsb systems cannot satisfy the extra demands that the host-pathogen interface imposes to preserve functional thiol groups. This resulted in the acquisition of the Scs system by Salmonella. We propose that the ScsABCD complex evolved to connect Cu and redox stress responses in this pathogen as well as in other bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea A E Méndez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Rosario, Argentina
| | - José M Argüello
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Fernando C Soncini
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Susana K Checa
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Rosario, Argentina.
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Feng S, Zhang Y, Zhu H, Jian Z, Zeng Z, Ye Y, Li Y, Smerin D, Zhang X, Zou N, Gu L, Xiong X. Cuproptosis facilitates immune activation but promotes immune escape, and a machine learning-based cuproptosis-related signature is identified for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response of gliomas. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14380. [PMID: 37515314 PMCID: PMC10848101 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Cell death, except for cuproptosis, in gliomas has been extensively studied, providing novel targets for immunotherapy by reshaping the tumor immune microenvironment through multiple mechanisms. This study aimed to explore the effect of cuproptosis on the immune microenvironment and its predictive power in prognosis and immunotherapy response. METHODS Eight glioma cohorts were included in this study. We employed the unsupervised clustering algorithm to identify novel cuproptosis clusters and described their immune microenvironmental characteristics, mutation landscape, and altered signaling pathways. We verified the correlation among FDX1, SLC31A1, and macrophage infiltration in 56 glioma tissues. Next, based on multicenter cohorts and 10 machine learning algorithms, we constructed an artificial intelligence-driven cuproptosis-related signature named CuproScore. RESULTS Our findings suggested that glioma patients with high levels of cuproptosis had a worse prognosis owing to immunosuppression caused by unique immune escape mechanisms. Meanwhile, we experimentally validated the positive association between cuproptosis and macrophages and its tumor-promoting mechanism in vitro. Furthermore, our CuproScore exhibited powerful and robust prognostic predictive ability. It was also capable of predicting response to immunotherapy and chemotherapy drug sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS Cuproptosis facilitates immune activation but promotes immune escape. The CuproScore could predict prognosis and immunotherapy response in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Feng
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Zhihong Jian
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Zhi Zeng
- Department of PathologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yingze Ye
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yina Li
- Department of AnesthesiologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Daniel Smerin
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Ning Zou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Lijuan Gu
- Department of AnesthesiologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Central LaboratoryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xiaoxing Xiong
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
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Zhang J, Wang M, Xiao J, Wang M, Liu Y, Gao X. Metabolism-Triggered Plasmonic Nanosensor for Bacterial Detection and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Clinical Isolates. ACS Sens 2024; 9:379-387. [PMID: 38175523 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is predicted to become the leading cause of death worldwide in the coming decades. Rapid and on-site antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) is crucial for guiding appropriate antibiotic choices to combat AMR. With this in mind, we have designed a simple and efficient plasmonic nanosensor consisting of Cu2+ and cysteine-modified AuNP (Au/Cys) that utilizes the metabolic activity of bacteria toward Cu2+ for bacterial detection and AST. When Cu2+ is present, it induces the aggregation of Au/Cys. However, in the presence of bacteria, Cu2+ is metabolized to varying extents, resulting in distinct levels of aggregation. Moreover, the metabolic activity of bacteria can be influenced by their antibiotic susceptibility, allowing us to differentiate between susceptible and resistant strains through direct color changes from the Cu2+-Au/Cys platform over approximately 3 h. These color changes can be easily detected using naked-eye observation, smartphone analysis, or absorption readout. We have validated the platform using four clinical isolates and six types of antibiotics, demonstrating a clinical sensitivity and specificity of 95.8%. Given its simplicity, low cost, high speed, and high accuracy, the plasmonic nanosensor holds great potential for point-of-care detection of antibiotic susceptibility across various settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Mengna Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jinru Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yaqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
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Lu J, Liu X, Li X, Li H, Shi L, Xia X, He BL, Meyer TF, Li X, Sun H, Yang X. Copper regulates the host innate immune response against bacterial infection via activation of ALPK1 kinase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2311630121. [PMID: 38232278 PMCID: PMC10823219 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311630121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Copper is an essential trace element for the human body, and its requirement for optimistic immune functions has been recognized for decades. How copper is involved in the innate immune pathway, however, remains to be clarified. Here, we report that copper serves as a signal molecule to regulate the kinase activity of alpha-kinase 1 (ALPK1), a cytosolic pattern-recognition receptor (PRR), and therefore promotes host cell defense against bacterial infection. We show that in response to infection, host cells actively accumulate copper in the cytosol, and the accumulated cytosolic copper enhances host cell defense against evading pathogens, including intracellular and, unexpectedly, extracellular bacteria. Subsequently, we demonstrate that copper activates the innate immune pathway of host cells in an ALPK1-dependent manner. Further mechanistic studies reveal that copper binds to ALPK1 directly and is essential for the kinase activity of this cytosolic PRR. Moreover, the binding of copper to ALPK1 enhances the sensitivity of ALPK1 to the bacterial metabolite ADP-heptose and eventually prompts host cells to elicit an enhanced immune response during bacterial infection. Finally, using a zebrafish in vivo model, we show that a copper-treated host shows an increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, enhanced recruitment of phagosome cells, and promoted bacterial clearance. Our findings uncover a previously unrecognized role of copper in the modulation of host innate immune response against bacterial pathogens and advance our knowledge on the cross talk between cytosolic copper homeostasis and immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
| | - Xinghua Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Liwa Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
| | - Xin Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
| | - Bai-liang He
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
| | - Thomas F. Meyer
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin10117, Germany
- Laboratory of Infection Oncology, Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrecht’s University of Kiel, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Kiel24105, Germany
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
| | - Hongzhe Sun
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Xinming Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai519000, China
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Yang BF, Ma Q, Hui Y, Gao XC, Ma DY, Li JX, Pei ZX, Huang BR. Identification of cuproptosis and ferroptosis-related subgroups and development of a signature for predicting prognosis and tumor microenvironment landscape in hepatocellular carcinoma. Transl Cancer Res 2023; 12:3327-3345. [PMID: 38192999 PMCID: PMC10774034 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Background Ferroptosis and cuproptosis play a crucial role in the progression and dissemination of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The primary objective of this study was to develop a unique scoring system for predicting the prognosis and immunological landscape of HCC based on ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) and cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs). Methods As the training cohort, we assembled a novel HCC cohort by merging gene expression data and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The validation cohort consisted of 230 HCC cases taken from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) database. Multiple genomic characteristics, such as tumor mutation burden (TMB), and copy number variations were analyzed concurrently. On the basis of the expression of CRGs and FRGs, patients were classified into cuproptosis and ferroptosis subtypes. Then, we constructed a risk model using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis and Cox regression analysis based on ferroptosis and cuproptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Patients were separated into two groups according to median risk score. We compared the immunophenotype, tumor microenvironment (TME), cancer stem cell index, and treatment sensitivity of two groups. Results Three subtypes of ferroptosis and two subtypes of cuproptosis were identified among the patients. A greater likelihood of survival (P<0.05) was expected for patients in FRGcluster B and CRGcluster B. After that, a confirmed risk signature for ferroptosis and cuproptosis was developed and tested. Patients in the low-risk group had significantly higher survival rates than those in the high-risk group, according to our study (P<0.001). There was also a strong correlation between the signature and other variables including immunophenoscore, TMB, cancer stem cell index, immunological checkpoint genes, and sensitivity to chemotherapeutics. Conclusions Through this comprehensive research, we identified a unique risk signature associated with HCC patients' treatment status and prognosis. Our findings highlight FRGs' and CRGs' significance in clinical practice and imply ferroptosis and cuproptosis may be therapeutic targets for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Feng Yang
- Department of Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qi Ma
- School of Integrative Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuan Hui
- School of Integrative Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Chun Gao
- School of Integrative Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Da-You Ma
- School of Integrative Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing-Xian Li
- School of Integrative Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Xue Pei
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bang-Rong Huang
- Department of Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
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Chakraborty UK, Park Y, Sengupta K, Jung W, Joshi CP, Francis DH, Chen P. A 'through-DNA' mechanism for metal uptake-vs.-efflux regulation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.05.570191. [PMID: 38105935 PMCID: PMC10723295 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.05.570191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Transition metals like Zn are essential for all organisms including bacteria, but fluctuations of their concentrations in the cell can be lethal. Organisms have thus evolved complex mechanisms for cellular metal homeostasis. One mechanistic paradigm involves pairs of transcription regulators sensing intracellular metal concentrations to regulate metal uptake and efflux. Here we report that Zur and ZntR, a prototypical pair of regulators for Zn uptake and efflux in E. coli , respectively, can coordinate their regulation through DNA, besides sensing cellular Zn 2+ concentrations. Using a combination of live-cell single-molecule tracking and in vitro single-molecule FRET measurements, we show that unmetallated ZntR can enhance the unbinding kinetics of Zur from DNA by directly acting on Zur-DNA complexes, possibly through forming heteromeric ternary and quaternary complexes that involve both protein-DNA and protein-protein interactions. This 'through-DNA' mechanism may functionally facilitate the switching in Zn uptake regulation when bacteria encounter changing Zn environments; it could also be relevant for regulating the uptake-vs.-efflux of various metals across different bacterial species and yeast.
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Zhou Y, Zhang L. The interplay between copper metabolism and microbes: in perspective of host copper-dependent ATPases ATP7A/B. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1267931. [PMID: 38106478 PMCID: PMC10723777 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1267931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper, a vital element in various physiological processes, is transported from the gastrointestinal tract to tissues and cells through diverse copper transporters. Among these transporters, ATP7A and ATP7B play significant roles in regulating systemic copper metabolism and exhibit precise regulation in their intracellular trafficking. These transporters undergo dynamic shuttling between the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and the plasma membrane via the endocytic recycling mechanism, which involves the retromer and other associated factors. Interestingly, the antimicrobial attribute of copper implies a potential connection between microbial infection and copper metabolism. Several microbes, including Salmonella enterica, Cryptococcus, Influenza A virus (IAV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) have been observed to impact the regulatory mechanisms of ATP7A/B, either directly or indirectly, as a means of survival. This review summarizes the key features and trafficking mechanisms of the copper transporters ATP7A/B, and examines the intricate interplay between microbes and copper metabolism. Ultimately, it highlights how microbes can perturb copper homeostasis through interactions with host factors, offering valuable insights into the mechanistic aspects of host-microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Leiliang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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10
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Douglas LM, Min K, Konopka JB. Candida albicans resistance to hypochlorous acid. mBio 2023; 14:e0267123. [PMID: 38032204 PMCID: PMC10746268 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02671-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Hypochlorous acid (HOCl), commonly known as bleach, is generated during the respiratory burst by phagocytes and is a key weapon used to attack Candida albicans and other microbial pathogens. However, the effects of hypochlorous acid on C. albicans have been less well studied than H2O2, a different type of oxidant produced by phagocytes. HOCl kills C. albicans more effectively than H2O2 and results in disruption of the plasma membrane. HOCl induced a very different transcriptional response than H2O2, and there were significant differences in the susceptibility of mutant strains of C. albicans to these oxidants. Altogether, these results indicate that HOCl has distinct effects on cells that could be targeted in novel therapeutic strategies to enhance the killing of C. albicans and other pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lois M. Douglas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Kyunghun Min
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - James B. Konopka
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
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11
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Pagnucco G, Overfield D, Chamlee Y, Shuler C, Kassem A, Opara S, Najaf H, Abbas L, Coutinho O, Fortuna A, Sulaiman F, Farinas J, Schittenhelm R, Catalfano B, Li X, Tiquia-Arashiro SM. Metal tolerance and biosorption capacities of bacterial strains isolated from an urban watershed. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1278886. [PMID: 37942073 PMCID: PMC10630031 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1278886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid industrialization and urbanization have led to widespread metal contamination in aquatic ecosystems. This study explores the metal tolerance and biosorption characteristics of four bacterial strains (Serratia sp. L2, Raoultella sp. L30, Klebsiella sp. R3, and Klebsiella sp. R19) isolated from Saint Clair River sediments. These strains effectively removed various metal cations (As3+, Pb2+, Cu2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Cr6+, and Ni2+) in single and multi-metal solutions. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays revealed strain-specific variations in metal tolerance, with L2 and L30 exhibiting higher tolerance. Surprisingly, R3 and R19, despite lower tolerance, demonstrated superior metal removal efficiency, challenging the notion that tolerance dictates removal efficacy. In single-metal solutions, R3 and R19 excelled at extracting various metal ions, while competitive binding in multi-metal solutions hindered removal. However, R3 and R19 retained higher removal efficiencies, possibly due to enhanced flocculation activities facilitating metal-ion contact. Comprehensive Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis highlighted the strains' metal-binding capabilities, with novel peaks emerging after metal exposure, indicative of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) production. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirmed metal accumulation on bacterial surfaces and within cytoplasmic regions and revealed morphological changes and metal adsorption patterns, emphasizing the strains' ability to adapt to metal stress. Scanning transmission microscopy (STEM) and EDX analysis uncovered metal accumulation within bacterial cells, underscoring the complexity of microbial-metal interactions. This study also confirms that the simultaneous presence of an aqueous solution may cause a mutual inhibition in the adsorption of each metal to the EPS resulting in reduced metal uptake, which emphasizes the need to select specific bacterial strains for a given metal-containing effluent. The differences in metal distribution patterns between Klebsiella sp. R19 and Raoultella sp. L30 suggest species-specific metal accumulation strategies driven by environmental conditions and metal availability. The heavy metal-removing capabilities and the ability to grow over a wide range of metal concentrations of the strains used in this study may offer an advantage to employ these organisms for metal remediation in bioreactors or in situ.
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12
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Alselami A, Drummond RA. How metals fuel fungal virulence, yet promote anti-fungal immunity. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:dmm050393. [PMID: 37905492 PMCID: PMC10629672 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasive fungal infections represent a significant global health problem, and present several clinical challenges, including limited treatment options, increasing rates of antifungal drug resistance and compounding comorbidities in affected patients. Metals, such as copper, iron and zinc, are critical for various biological and cellular processes across phyla. In mammals, these metals are important determinants of immune responses, but pathogenic microbes, including fungi, also require access to these metals to fuel their own growth and drive expression of major virulence traits. Therefore, host immune cells have developed strategies to either restrict access to metals to induce starvation of invading pathogens or deploy toxic concentrations within phagosomes to cause metal poisoning. In this Review, we describe the mechanisms regulating fungal scavenging and detoxification of copper, iron and zinc and the importance of these mechanisms for virulence and infection. We also outline how these metals are involved in host immune responses and the consequences of metal deficiencies or overloads on how the host controls invasive fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alanoud Alselami
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Rebecca A. Drummond
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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13
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Song Y, Finkelstein R, Rhoads W, Edwards MA, Pruden A. Shotgun Metagenomics Reveals Impacts of Copper and Water Heater Anodes on Pathogens and Microbiomes in Hot Water Plumbing Systems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:13612-13624. [PMID: 37643149 PMCID: PMC10501123 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Hot water building plumbing systems are vulnerable to the proliferation of opportunistic pathogens (OPs), including Legionella pneumophila and Mycobacterium avium. Implementation of copper as a disinfectant could help reduce OPs, but a mechanistic understanding of the effects on the microbial community under real-world plumbing conditions is lacking. Here, we carried out a controlled pilot-scale study of hot water systems and applied shotgun metagenomic sequencing to examine the effects of copper dose (0-2 mg/L), orthophosphate corrosion control agent, and water heater anode materials (aluminum vs magnesium vs powered anode) on the bulk water and biofilm microbiome composition. Metagenomic analysis revealed that, even though a copper dose of 1.2 mg/L was required to reduce Legionella and Mycobacterium numbers, lower doses (e.g., ≤0.6 mg/L) measurably impacted the broader microbial community, indicating that the OP strains colonizing these systems were highly copper tolerant. Orthophosphate addition reduced bioavailability of copper, both to OPs and to the broader microbiome. Functional gene analysis indicated that both membrane damage and interruption of nucleic acid replication are likely at play in copper inactivation mechanisms. This study identifies key factors (e.g., orthophosphate, copper resistance, and anode materials) that can confound the efficacy of copper for controlling OPs in hot water plumbing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- Civil
and Environmental Engineering, Virginia
Tech, 1145 Perry St., 418 Durham Hall, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Utilities
Department, Town of Cary, 316 N. Academy St., Cary, North Carolina 27512, United States
| | - Rachel Finkelstein
- Civil
and Environmental Engineering, Virginia
Tech, 1145 Perry St., 418 Durham Hall, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- AECOM, 3101 Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, Virginia 22201, United States
| | - William Rhoads
- Civil
and Environmental Engineering, Virginia
Tech, 1145 Perry St., 418 Durham Hall, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Black
& Veatch, 8400 Ward
Pkwy, Kansas City, Missouri 64114, United States
| | - Marc A. Edwards
- Civil
and Environmental Engineering, Virginia
Tech, 1145 Perry St., 418 Durham Hall, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Amy Pruden
- Civil
and Environmental Engineering, Virginia
Tech, 1145 Perry St., 418 Durham Hall, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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14
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Chevalier K, Obadia MA, Djebrani‐Oussedik N, Poujois A. Can Patients with Wilson's Disease Develop Copper Deficiency? Mov Disord Clin Pract 2023; 10:1306-1316. [PMID: 37772303 PMCID: PMC10525062 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Wilson's disease (WD) is a rare genetic condition characterized by a copper overload in organs secondary to mutation in ATP7B gene. Lifelong decoppering treatments are the keystone of the treatment but must be regularly adapted to obtain a correct copper balance and could lead to copper deficiency (CD). Objectives Study the characteristics of CD in WD patients. Methods CD cases from our cohort of 338 WD patients have been investigated. CD was defined by the association of serum copper, exchangeable copper and urinary copper excretion assays less than two standard deviations from the mean with cytopenia and/or neurological damage of spinal cord origin. A systematic review of literature about cases of CD in WD patient was performed in PubMed database according to PRISMA guidelines. Results Three WD patients were diagnosed with CD in our cohort. Review of the literature found 17 other patients. Most of the patients had anemia and neutropenia associated with neurological symptoms (especially progressive posterior cord syndrome). All the patients were treated with Zinc salts and the symptoms occurred more than a decade after the initiation of treatment. The adaptation of the treatment allowed a correction of the cytopenia but only a partial improvement of the neurological symptoms. Conclusions WD patients can develop CD after many years of zinc therapy. Anemia and neutropenia are red flags that should evoke CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Chevalier
- Department of NeurologyRothschild Foundation HospitalParisFrance
- National Reference Center for Wilson's Disease and Other Copper‐Related Rare DiseasesRothschild Foundation HospitalParisFrance
| | - Mickaël Alexandre Obadia
- Department of NeurologyRothschild Foundation HospitalParisFrance
- National Reference Center for Wilson's Disease and Other Copper‐Related Rare DiseasesRothschild Foundation HospitalParisFrance
| | - Nouzha Djebrani‐Oussedik
- National Reference Center for Wilson's Disease and Other Copper‐Related Rare DiseasesRothschild Foundation HospitalParisFrance
- Toxicology LaboratoryLariboisière Hospital, APHPParisFrance
| | - Aurélia Poujois
- Department of NeurologyRothschild Foundation HospitalParisFrance
- National Reference Center for Wilson's Disease and Other Copper‐Related Rare DiseasesRothschild Foundation HospitalParisFrance
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15
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Büttner H, Hörl J, Krabbe J, Hertweck C. Discovery and Biosynthesis of Anthrochelin, a Growth-Promoting Metallophore of the Human Pathogen Luteibacter anthropi. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300322. [PMID: 37191164 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Various human pathogens have emerged from environmental strains by adapting to higher growth temperatures and the ability to produce virulence factors. A remarkable example of a pathoadapted bacterium is found in the genus Luteibacter, which typically comprises harmless soil microbes, yet Luteibacter anthropi was isolated from the blood of a diseased child. Up until now, nothing has been known about the specialized metabolism of this pathogen. By comparative genome analyses we found that L. anthropi has a markedly higher biosynthetic potential than other bacteria of this genus and uniquely bears an NRPS gene locus tentatively coding for the biosynthesis of a metallophore. By metabolic profiling, stable isotope labeling, and NMR investigation of a gallium complex, we identified a new family of salicylate-derived nonribosomal peptides named anthrochelins A-D. Surprisingly, anthrochelins feature a C-terminal homocysteine tag, which might be introduced during peptide termination. Mutational analyses provided insight into the anthrochelin assembly and revealed the unexpected involvement of a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase in oxazole formation. Notably, this heterocycle plays a key role in the binding of metals, especially copper(II). Bioassays showed that anthrochelin significantly promotes the growth of L. anthropi in the presence of low and high copper concentrations, which occur during infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Büttner
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection, Biology, HKI, Dept. of Biomolecular Chemistry, Beutenbergstrasse 11a, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Johannes Hörl
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection, Biology, HKI, Dept. of Biomolecular Chemistry, Beutenbergstrasse 11a, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Jana Krabbe
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection, Biology, HKI, Dept. of Biomolecular Chemistry, Beutenbergstrasse 11a, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Hertweck
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection, Biology, HKI, Dept. of Biomolecular Chemistry, Beutenbergstrasse 11a, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
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16
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Chang CJ, Brady DC. Capturing copper to inhibit inflammation. Nat Chem Biol 2023:10.1038/s41589-023-01383-6. [PMID: 37443394 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-023-01383-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Donita C Brady
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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17
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Fang W, Yang M, Liu M, Jin Y, Wang Y, Yang R, Wang Y, Zhang K, Fu Q. Review on Additives in Hydrogels for 3D Bioprinting of Regenerative Medicine: From Mechanism to Methodology. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1700. [PMID: 37376148 PMCID: PMC10302687 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The regeneration of biological tissues in medicine is challenging, and 3D bioprinting offers an innovative way to create functional multicellular tissues. One common way in bioprinting is bioink, which is one type of the cell-loaded hydrogel. For clinical application, however, the bioprinting still suffers from satisfactory performance, e.g., in vascularization, effective antibacterial, immunomodulation, and regulation of collagen deposition. Many studies incorporated different bioactive materials into the 3D-printed scaffolds to optimize the bioprinting. Here, we reviewed a variety of additives added to the 3D bioprinting hydrogel. The underlying mechanisms and methodology for biological regeneration are important and will provide a useful basis for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kaile Zhang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 600 Yi-Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, China; (W.F.); (M.Y.)
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 600 Yi-Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, China; (W.F.); (M.Y.)
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18
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Wangsanut T, Arnold SJY, Jilani SZ, Marzec S, Monsour RC, Rolfes RJ. Grf10 regulates the response to copper, iron, and phosphate in Candida albicans. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2023; 13:jkad070. [PMID: 36966423 PMCID: PMC10234403 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkad070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenic yeast, Candida albicans, and other microbes must be able to handle drastic changes in nutrient availability within the human host. Copper, iron, and phosphate are essential micronutrients for microbes that are sequestered by the human host as nutritional immunity; yet high copper levels are employed by macrophages to induce toxic oxidative stress. Grf10 is a transcription factor important for regulating genes involved in morphogenesis (filamentation, chlamydospore formation) and metabolism (adenylate biosynthesis, 1-carbon metabolism). The grf10Δ mutant exhibited resistance to excess copper in a gene dosage-dependent manner but grew the same as the wild type in response to other metals (calcium, cobalt, iron, manganese, and zinc). Point mutations in the conserved residues D302 and E305, within a protein interaction region, conferred resistance to high copper and induced hyphal formation similar to strains with the null allele. The grf10Δ mutant misregulated genes involved with copper, iron, and phosphate uptake in YPD medium and mounted a normal transcriptional response to high copper. The mutant accumulated lower levels of magnesium and phosphorus, suggesting that copper resistance is linked to phosphate metabolism. Our results highlight new roles for Grf10 in copper and phosphate homeostasis in C. albicans and underscore the fundamental role of Grf10 in connecting these with cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanaporn Wangsanut
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sylvia J Y Arnold
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Safia Z Jilani
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
- Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Sarah Marzec
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Robert C Monsour
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Ronda J Rolfes
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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19
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Norambuena J, Al-Tameemi H, Bovermann H, Kim J, Beavers WN, Skaar EP, Parker D, Boyd JM. Copper ions inhibit pentose phosphate pathway function in Staphylococcus aureus. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011393. [PMID: 37235600 PMCID: PMC10249872 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
To gain a better insight of how Copper (Cu) ions toxify cells, metabolomic analyses were performed in S. aureus strains that lacks the described Cu ion detoxification systems (ΔcopBL ΔcopAZ; cop-). Exposure of the cop- strain to Cu(II) resulted in an increase in the concentrations of metabolites utilized to synthesize phosphoribosyl diphosphate (PRPP). PRPP is created using the enzyme phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase (Prs) which catalyzes the interconversion of ATP and ribose 5-phosphate to PRPP and AMP. Supplementing growth medium with metabolites requiring PRPP for synthesis improved growth in the presence of Cu(II). A suppressor screen revealed that a strain with a lesion in the gene coding adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (apt) was more resistant to Cu. Apt catalyzes the conversion of adenine with PRPP to AMP. The apt mutant had an increased pool of adenine suggesting that the PRPP pool was being redirected. Over-production of apt, or alternate enzymes that utilize PRPP, increased sensitivity to Cu(II). Increasing or decreasing expression of prs resulted in decreased and increased sensitivity to growth in the presence of Cu(II), respectively. We demonstrate that Prs is inhibited by Cu ions in vivo and in vitro and that treatment of cells with Cu(II) results in decreased PRPP levels. Lastly, we establish that S. aureus that lacks the ability to remove Cu ions from the cytosol is defective in colonizing the airway in a murine model of acute pneumonia, as well as the skin. The data presented are consistent with a model wherein Cu ions inhibits pentose phosphate pathway function and are used by the immune system to prevent S. aureus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javiera Norambuena
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Hassan Al-Tameemi
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Hannah Bovermann
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Jisun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - William N. Beavers
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Eric P. Skaar
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Dane Parker
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey M. Boyd
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
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20
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Lv Z, Xu M, Liu Y, Rønn R, Rensing C, Liu S, Gao S, Liao H, Liu YR, Chen W, Zhu YG, Huang Q, Hao X. Phagotrophic Protists Modulate Copper Resistance of the Bacterial Community in Soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:3590-3601. [PMID: 36811608 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c07136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Protist predation is a crucial biotic driver modulating bacterial populations and functional traits. Previous studies using pure cultures have demonstrated that bacteria with copper (Cu) resistance exhibited fitness advantages over Cu-sensitive bacteria under the pressure of protist predation. However, the impact of diverse natural communities of protist grazers on bacterial Cu resistance in natural environments remains unknown. Here, we characterized the communities of phagotrophic protists in long-term Cu-contaminated soils and deciphered their potential ecological impacts on bacterial Cu resistance. Long-term field Cu pollution increased the relative abundances of most of the phagotrophic lineages in Cercozoa and Amoebozoa but reduced the relative abundance of Ciliophora. After accounting for soil properties and Cu pollution, phagotrophs were consistently identified as the most important predictor of the Cu-resistant (CuR) bacterial community. Phagotrophs positively contributed to the abundance of a Cu resistance gene (copA) through influencing the cumulative relative abundance of Cu-resistant and -sensitive ecological clusters. Microcosm experiments further confirmed the promotion effect of protist predation on bacterial Cu resistance. Our results indicate that the selection by protist predation can have a strong impact on the CuR bacterial community, which broadens our understanding of the ecological function of soil phagotrophic protists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguang Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Min Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Regin Rønn
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christopher Rensing
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Song Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shenghan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hao Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu-Rong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Qiaoyun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiuli Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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21
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Dao TH, Iverson A, Neville SL, Johnson MDL, McDevitt CA, Rosch JW. The role of CopA in Streptococcus pyogenes copper homeostasis and virulence. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 240:112122. [PMID: 36639322 PMCID: PMC10161136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance of intracellular metal homeostasis during interaction with host niches is critical to the success of bacterial pathogens. To prevent infection, the mammalian innate immune response employs metal-withholding and metal-intoxication mechanisms to limit bacterial propagation. The first-row transition metal ion copper serves critical roles at the host-pathogen interface and has been associated with antimicrobial activity since antiquity. Despite lacking any known copper-utilizing proteins, streptococci have been reported to accumulate significant levels of copper. Here, we report that loss of CopA, a copper-specific exporter, confers increased sensitivity to copper in Streptococcus pyogenes strain HSC5, with prolonged exposure to physiological levels of copper resulting in reduced viability during stationary phase cultivation. This defect in stationary phase survival was rescued by supplementation with exogeneous amino acids, indicating the pathogen had altered nutritional requirements during exposure to copper stress. Furthermore, S. pyogenes HSC5 ΔcopA was substantially attenuated during murine soft-tissue infection, demonstrating the importance of copper efflux at the host-pathogen interface. Collectively, these data indicate that copper can severely reduce the viability of stationary phase S. pyogenes and that active efflux mechanisms are required to survive copper stress in vitro and during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina H Dao
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Amy Iverson
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Stephanie L Neville
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Michael D L Johnson
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Department of Immunobiology, BIO5 Institute, Valley Fever Center for Excellence, and Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine - Tucson, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Christopher A McDevitt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Jason W Rosch
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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22
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Sun R, Li Y, Du T, Qi Y. Recent advances in integrated dual-mode optical sensors for food safety detection. Trends Food Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2023.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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23
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Identification and Analysis of Fungal-Specific Regions in the Aspergillus fumigatus Cu Exporter CrpA That Are Essential for Cu Resistance but Not for Virulence. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043705. [PMID: 36835119 PMCID: PMC9966986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The opportunistic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus is the primary invasive mold pathogen in humans, and is responsible for an estimated 200,000 yearly deaths worldwide. Most fatalities occur in immunocompromised patients who lack the cellular and humoral defenses necessary to halt the pathogen's advance, primarily in the lungs. One of the cellular responses used by macrophages to counteract fungal infection is the accumulation of high phagolysosomal Cu levels to destroy ingested pathogens. A. fumigatus responds by activating high expression levels of crpA, which encodes a Cu+ P-type ATPase that actively transports excess Cu from the cytoplasm to the extracellular environment. In this study, we used a bioinformatics approach to identify two fungal-unique regions in CrpA that we studied by deletion/replacement, subcellular localization, Cu sensitivity in vitro, killing by mouse alveolar macrophages, and virulence in a mouse model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Deletion of CrpA fungal-unique amino acids 1-211 containing two N-terminal Cu-binding sites, moderately increased Cu-sensitivity but did not affect expression or localization to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and cell surface. Replacement of CrpA fungal-unique amino acids 542-556 consisting of an intracellular loop between the second and third transmembrane helices resulted in ER retention of the protein and strongly increased Cu-sensitivity. Deleting CrpA N-terminal amino acids 1-211 or replacing amino acids 542-556 also increased sensitivity to killing by mouse alveolar macrophages. Surprisingly, the two mutations did not affect virulence in a mouse model of infection, suggesting that even weak Cu-efflux activity by mutated CrpA preserves fungal virulence.
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Mutations in troABCD against Copper Overload in a copA Mutant of Streptococcus suis. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0184122. [PMID: 36475883 PMCID: PMC9888204 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01841-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus suis is a major swine pathogen that is increasingly recognized as a porcine zoonotic pathogen that threatens the health of both pigs and humans. Metal homeostasis plays a critical role during the process of bacterial infection. In this study, RNA sequencing was used to identify potential candidate genes involved in the maintenance of intracellular copper homeostasis. CopA was identified as the primary copper exporter in S. suis. The copA deletion mutant strain was found to be more sensitive to copper and accumulated more intracellular copper than the wild-type (WT) parent strain. In addition, adding manganese increased the ability of S. suis to resist copper, and the manganese transporter, TroABCD, was involved in tolerance to copper. The copA deletion mutant strain accumulated less copper when supplemented with manganese. Furthermore, when cultured with copper, the double deletion mutant (ΔcopAΔtroA) exhibited improved growth compared to the copA deletion mutant strain. In addition, the double deletion mutant (ΔcopAΔtroA) accumulated less copper than the copA deletion mutant strain. These data were consistent with a model wherein defective TroABCD resulted in decreased cellular copper accumulation and protected the strain against copper poisoning. IMPORTANCE Metal homeostasis plays a critical role during the process of bacterial infection. We identified three important potential candidate genes involved in maintenance of intracellular copper homeostasis. CopA was demonstrated to be the main copper exporter in Streptococcus suis, and manganese increased the tolerance of S. suis to copper. The double deletion mutant (ΔcopAΔtroA) improved growth ability over the copA deletion mutant strain in the presence of high concentrations of copper and accumulated less copper. These findings are consistent with a model wherein defective TroABCD resulted in decreased cellular accumulation of copper and protected the strain against copper poisoning.
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Murdoch CC, Skaar EP. Nutritional immunity: the battle for nutrient metals at the host-pathogen interface. Nat Rev Microbiol 2022; 20:657-670. [PMID: 35641670 PMCID: PMC9153222 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-022-00745-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Trace metals are essential micronutrients required for survival across all kingdoms of life. From bacteria to animals, metals have critical roles as both structural and catalytic cofactors for an estimated third of the proteome, representing a major contributor to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. The reactivity of metal ions engenders them with the ability to promote enzyme catalysis and stabilize reaction intermediates. However, these properties render metals toxic at high concentrations and, therefore, metal levels must be tightly regulated. Having evolved in close association with bacteria, vertebrate hosts have developed numerous strategies of metal limitation and intoxication that prevent bacterial proliferation, a process termed nutritional immunity. In turn, bacterial pathogens have evolved adaptive mechanisms to survive in conditions of metal depletion or excess. In this Review, we discuss mechanisms by which nutrient metals shape the interactions between bacterial pathogens and animal hosts. We explore the cell-specific and tissue-specific roles of distinct trace metals in shaping bacterial infections, as well as implications for future research and new therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin C Murdoch
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Eric P Skaar
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Contribution of Arginine Catabolic Mobile Element and Copper and Mercury Resistance Element in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A Vantage Point. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2022; 2022:9916255. [PMID: 36345550 PMCID: PMC9637032 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9916255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Different clones of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) are dominating geographically. One of the significant, hypervirulent, CA-MRSA and a significant health concern clones is USA3000, found worldwide regionally with varying frequencies. The clone harbors several mobile genetic elements (MGEs) including, arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME) and copper and mercury resistance genes (COMER), accomplished by horizontal gene transfer from S. epidermidis. Evidence suggests that ACME and COMER have a more prominent role in enhancing biofilm capacity and ultimately persistent infections. This review highlights the comprehensive view on ACME and COMER structure, their distribution, and the mechanism of action along with pathogenetic features of USA3000 encompassing their role in biofilm formation, adhesion, quorum sensing, resistance to antibiotics, chemotaxis, and nutrient uptake. We also provided an insight into the role of ACME and COMER genes in the survival of bacterium. Our results shed light on the emergence of two independent clones possessing ACME (North American) and COMER (South American) elements which later disseminated to other regions. ACME and COMER both are adjacent to staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec type IV (SCCmec IV). The acquisition of mecA, followed by COMER or ACME has been shown as a significant factor in the rise and fall of MRSA strains and their complex ability to adapt to hostile environments. The presence of ACME increases fitness, thereby allowing bacteria to colonize the skin and mucous membrane while COMER contributes to genetic stability by knocking over the copper-mediated killing in macrophages. Evidence suggests that ACME and COMER have a more prominent role in enhancing biofilm capacity and ultimately persistent infections. Interestingly, ACME strains have been shown to possess the ability to counteract skin acidity, thereby allowing increased skin colonization. A profound understanding of MGEs in S. aureus plays an important role in the prevention of epidemic clones.
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Sudhahar V, Shi Y, Kaplan JH, Ushio-Fukai M, Fukai T. Whole-Transcriptome Sequencing Analyses of Nuclear Antixoxidant-1 in Endothelial Cells: Role in Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. Cells 2022; 11:2919. [PMID: 36139494 PMCID: PMC9496719 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation, oxidative stress, and copper (Cu) play an important role in cardiovascular disease, including atherosclerosis. We previously reported that cytosolic Cu chaperone antioxidant-1 (Atox1) translocates to the nucleus in response to inflammatory cytokines or exogenous Cu and that Atox1 is localized at the nucleus in the endothelium of inflamed atherosclerotic aorta. However, the roles of nuclear Atox1 and their function are poorly understood. Here we showed that Atox1 deficiency in ApoE-/- mice with a Western diet exhibited a significant reduction of atherosclerotic lesion formation. In vitro, adenovirus-mediated overexpression of nuclear-targeted Atox1 (Ad-Atox1-NLS) in cultured human endothelial cells (ECs) increased monocyte adhesion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production compared to control cells (Ad-null). To address the underlying mechanisms, we performed genome-wide mapping of Atox1-regulated targets in ECs, using an unbiased systemic approach integrating sequencing data. Combination of ChIP-Seq and RNA-Seq analyses in ECs transfected with Ad-Atox1-NLS or Ad-null identified 1387 differentially expressed genes (DEG). Motif enrichment assay and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that 248 differentially expressed genes, including inflammatory and angiogenic genes, were regulated by Atox1-NLS, which was then confirmed by real-time qPCR. Among these genes, functional analysis of inflammatory responses identified CD137, CSF1, and IL5RA as new nuclear Atox1-targeted inflammatory genes, while CD137 is also a key regulator of Atox1-NLS-induced ROS production. These findings uncover new nuclear Atox1 downstream targets involved in inflammation and ROS production and provide insights into the nuclear Atox1 as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varadarajan Sudhahar
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30901, USA
| | - Yang Shi
- Department of Population Health Science, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Jack H. Kaplan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Masuko Ushio-Fukai
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Tohru Fukai
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30901, USA
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Bao JH, Lu WC, Duan H, Ye YQ, Li JB, Liao WT, Li YC, Sun YP. Identification of a novel cuproptosis-related gene signature and integrative analyses in patients with lower-grade gliomas. Front Immunol 2022; 13:933973. [PMID: 36045691 PMCID: PMC9420977 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.933973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cuproptosis is a newly discovered unique non-apoptotic programmed cell death distinguished from known death mechanisms like ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis. However, the prognostic value of cuproptosis and the correlation between cuproptosis and the tumor microenvironment (TME) in lower-grade gliomas (LGGs) remain unknown. Methods In this study, we systematically investigated the genetic and transcriptional variation, prognostic value, and expression patterns of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs). The CRG score was applied to quantify the cuproptosis subtypes. We then evaluated their values in the TME, prognostic prediction, and therapeutic responses in LGG. Lastly, we collected five paired LGG and matched normal adjacent tissue samples from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC) to verify the expression of signature genes by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting (WB). Results Two distinct cuproptosis-related clusters were identified using consensus unsupervised clustering analysis. The correlation between multilayer CRG alterations with clinical characteristics, prognosis, and TME cell infiltration were observed. Then, a well-performed cuproptosis-related risk model (CRG score) was developed to predict LGG patients' prognosis, which was evaluated and validated in two external cohorts. We classified patients into high- and low-risk groups according to the CRG score and found that patients in the low-risk group showed significantly higher survival possibilities than those in the high-risk group (P<0.001). A high CRG score implies higher TME scores, more significant TME cell infiltration, and increased mutation burden. Meanwhile, the CRG score was significantly correlated with the cancer stem cell index, chemoradiotherapy sensitivity-related genes and immune checkpoint genes, and chemotherapeutic sensitivity, indicating the association with CRGs and treatment responses. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that the CRG score was an independent prognostic predictor for LGG patients. Subsequently, a highly accurate predictive model was established for facilitating the clinical application of the CRG score, showing good predictive ability and calibration. Additionally, crucial CRGs were further validated by qRT-PCR and WB. Conclusion Collectively, we demonstrated a comprehensive overview of CRG profiles in LGG and established a novel risk model for LGG patients' therapy status and prognosis. Our findings highlight the potential clinical implications of CRGs, suggesting that cuproptosis may be the potential therapeutic target for patients with LGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-hao Bao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-cheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-qi Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiang-bo Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-ting Liao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Yang-peng Sun, ; Yong-chun Li, ; Wen-ting Liao,
| | - Yong-chun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Yang-peng Sun, ; Yong-chun Li, ; Wen-ting Liao,
| | - Yang-peng Sun
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Yang-peng Sun, ; Yong-chun Li, ; Wen-ting Liao,
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29
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Górecki K, Hansen JS, Li P, Nayeri N, Lindkvist-Petersson K, Gourdon P. Microfluidic-Derived Detection of Protein-Facilitated Copper Flux Across Lipid Membranes. Anal Chem 2022; 94:11831-11837. [PMID: 35969432 PMCID: PMC9434548 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Measurement of protein-facilitated copper flux across
biological
membranes is a considerable challenge. Here, we demonstrate a straightforward
microfluidic-derived approach for visualization and measurement of
membranous Cu flux. Giant unilamellar vesicles, reconstituted with
the membrane protein of interest, are prepared, surface-immobilized,
and assessed using a novel quencher–sensor reporter system
for detection of copper. With the aid of a syringe pump, the external
buffer is exchanged, enabling consistent and precise exchange of solutes,
without causing vesicle rupture or uneven local metal concentrations
brought about by rapid mixing. This approach bypasses common issues
encountered when studying heavy metal-ion flux, thereby providing
a new platform for in vitro studies of metal homeostasis
aspects that are critical for all cells, health, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Górecki
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund SE-22100, Sweden
| | - Jesper S Hansen
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund SE-22100, Sweden
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund SE-22100, Sweden
| | - Niloofar Nayeri
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund SE-22100, Sweden
| | - Karin Lindkvist-Petersson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund SE-22100, Sweden
| | - Pontus Gourdon
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund SE-22100, Sweden.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N DK-2200, Denmark
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30
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Xu F, Liu S, Naren N, Li L, Ma LZ, Zhang X. Experimental evolution of bacterial survival on metallic copper. Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- School of Natural Sciences Massey University Auckland New Zealand
| | - Sha Liu
- School of Natural Sciences Massey University Auckland New Zealand
| | - Naran Naren
- School of Natural Sciences Massey University Auckland New Zealand
| | - Lily Li
- School of Natural Sciences Massey University Auckland New Zealand
| | - Luyan Z. Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Xue‐Xian Zhang
- School of Natural Sciences Massey University Auckland New Zealand
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31
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Godínez-Loyola Y, Gracia-Mora J, Rojas-Montoya ID, Hernández-Ayala LF, Reina M, Ortiz-Frade LA, Rascón-Valenzuela LA, Robles-Zepeda RE, Gómez-Vidales V, Bernad-Bernad MJ, Ruiz-Azuara L. Casiopeinas® third generation, with indomethacin: synthesis, characterization, DFT studies, antiproliferative activity, and nanoencapsulation. RSC Adv 2022; 12:21662-21673. [PMID: 35975050 PMCID: PMC9347768 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03346a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven new Casiopeinas® were synthesized and properly characterized. These novel compounds have a general formula [Cu(N–N)(Indo)]NO3, where Indo is deprotonated indomethacin and N–N is either bipyridine or phenanthroline with some methyl-substituted derivatives, belonging to the third generation of Casiopeinas®. Spectroscopic characterization suggests a square-based pyramid geometry and voltammetry experiments indicate that the redox potential is strongly dependent on the N–N ligand. All the presented compounds show high cytotoxic efficiency, and most of them exhibit higher efficacy compared to the well-known cisplatin drug and acetylacetonate analogs of the first generation. Computational calculations show that antiproliferative behavior can be directly related to the volume of the molecules. Besides, a chitosan (CS)–polyacrylamide (PNIPAAm) nanogel was synthesized and characterized to examine the encapsulation and release properties of the [Cu(4,7-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)(Indo)]NO3 compound. The results show good encapsulation performance in acidic conditions and a higher kinetic drug release in acidic media than at neutral pH. This result can be described by the Peppas–Sahlin model and indicates a release mechanism predominantly by Fick diffusion. Seven new 3rd generation Casiopeinas® are presented with the indomethacin ligand that improves their antiproliferative activity. A chitosan–polyacrylamide nanogel presents good encapsulation and release properties for the more efficient compound.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yokari Godínez-Loyola
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Jesús Gracia-Mora
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Iván D Rojas-Montoya
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Luis Felipe Hernández-Ayala
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Miguel Reina
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | | | - Luisa Alondra Rascón-Valenzuela
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora Boulevard Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N Hermosillo Sonora C.P. 83000 Mexico
| | - Ramón Enrique Robles-Zepeda
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora Boulevard Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N Hermosillo Sonora C.P. 83000 Mexico
| | - Virginia Gómez-Vidales
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - María Josefa Bernad-Bernad
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Lena Ruiz-Azuara
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
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Wang X, Liu Y. Offense and Defense in Granulomatous Inflammation Disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:797749. [PMID: 35846773 PMCID: PMC9277142 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.797749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulomatous inflammation (GI) diseases are a group of chronic inflammation disorders characterized by focal collections of multinucleated giant cells, epithelioid cells and macrophages, with or without necrosis. GI diseases are closely related to microbes, especially virulent intracellular bacterial infections are important factors in the progression of these diseases. They employ a range of strategies to survive the stresses imposed upon them and persist in host cells, becoming the initiator of the fighting. Microbe-host communication is essential to maintain functions of a healthy host, so defense capacity of hosts is another influence factor, which is thought to combine to determine the result of the fighting. With the development of gene research technology, many human genetic loci were identified to be involved in GI diseases susceptibility, providing more insights into and knowledge about GI diseases. The current review aims to provide an update on the most recent progress in the identification and characterization of bacteria in GI diseases in a variety of organ systems and clinical conditions, and examine the invasion and escape mechanisms of pathogens that have been demonstrated in previous studies, we also review the existing data on the predictive factors of the host, mainly on genetic findings. These strategies may improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying GI diseases, and open new avenues for the study of the associated conditions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwen Wang
- Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Histology and Pathology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Kim DM, Yoo SM. Colorimetric Systems for the Detection of Bacterial Contamination: Strategy and Applications. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12070532. [PMID: 35884335 PMCID: PMC9313054 DOI: 10.3390/bios12070532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial contamination is a public health concern worldwide causing enormous social and economic losses. For early diagnosis and adequate management to prevent or treat pathogen-related illnesses, extensive effort has been put into the development of pathogenic bacterial detection systems. Colorimetric sensing systems have attracted increasing attention due to their simple and single-site operation, rapid signal readout with the naked eye, ability to operate without external instruments, portability, compact design, and low cost. In this article, recent trends and advances in colorimetric systems for the detection and monitoring of bacterial contamination are reviewed. This article focuses on pathogen detection strategies and technologies based on reaction factors that affect the color change for visual readout. Reactions used in each strategy are introduced by dividing them into the following five categories: external pH change-induced pH indicator reactions, intracellular enzyme-catalyzed chromogenic reactions, enzyme-like nanoparticle (NP)-catalyzed substrate reactions, NP aggregation-based reactions, and NP accumulation-based reactions. Some recently developed colorimetric systems are introduced, and their challenges and strategies to improve the sensing performance are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Min Kim
- Center for Applied Life Science, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Korea;
| | - Seung-Min Yoo
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
- Correspondence:
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34
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Hobin K, Costas-Rodríguez M, Van Wonterghem E, Vandenbroucke RE, Vanhaecke F. High-Precision Isotopic Analysis of Cu and Fe via Multi-Collector Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry Reveals Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Effects in Blood Plasma and Brain Tissues. Front Chem 2022; 10:896279. [PMID: 35783204 PMCID: PMC9241339 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.896279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The concentration and the isotopic composition of the redox-active essential elements Cu and Fe were investigated in blood plasma and specific brain regions (hippocampus, cortex, brain stem and cerebellum) of mice to assess potential alterations associated with sepsis-associated encephalopathy induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration. Samples were collected from young (16-22 weeks) and aged (44-65 weeks) mice after intraperitoneal injection of the LPS, an endotoxin inducing neuroinflammation, and from age- and sex-matched controls, injected with phosphate-buffered saline solution. Sector-field single-collector inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry was relied upon for elemental analysis and multi-collector inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry for isotopic analysis. Significant variations were observed for the Cu concentration and for the Cu and Fe isotope ratios in the blood plasma. Concentrations and isotope ratios of Cu and Fe also varied across the brain tissues. An age- and an inflammatory-related effect was found affecting the isotopic compositions of blood plasma Cu and cerebellum Fe, whereas a regional Cu isotopic redistribution was found within the brain tissues. These findings demonstrate that isotopic analysis of essential mineral elements picks up metabolic changes not revealed by element quantification, making the two approaches complementary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Hobin
- Atomic and Mass Spectrometry - A&MS Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marta Costas-Rodríguez
- Atomic and Mass Spectrometry - A&MS Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elien Van Wonterghem
- Barriers in Inflammation Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roosmarijn E Vandenbroucke
- Barriers in Inflammation Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Vanhaecke
- Atomic and Mass Spectrometry - A&MS Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Yang T, Luo Z, Bewal T, Li L, Xu Y, Mahdi Jafari S, Lin X. When smartphone enters food safety: A review in on-site analysis for foodborne pathogens using smartphone-assisted biosensors. Food Chem 2022; 394:133534. [PMID: 35752124 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pathogens are one of the supreme threats for the public health around the world in food supply chain. The on-site monitoring is an emerging trend for screening pathogens during the food processing and preserving. Traditional analytical tools have been unable to satisfy the current demands. Smartphones have enormous potentials for achieving on-site detection of foodborne pathogens, with intrinsic advantages such as small size, high accessibility, fast processing speed, and powerful imaging capacity. This review aims to synthesize the current advances in smartphone-assisted biosensors (SABs) for sensing foodborne pathogens, and briefly put forward the problem that consist in the research. We present the role of nanotechnology and recognition modes targeting foodborne pathogens in SABs, and discuss the signal conversion platforms coupling with smartphone. The challenges and perspectives in SABs are also proposed. The smartphone analytics area is moving forward, and it much be subject to careful quality standards and validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zisheng Luo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Tarun Bewal
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanqun Xu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Xingyu Lin
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China.
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Zhen Y, Ge L, Chen Q, Xu J, Duan Z, Loor JJ, Wang M. Latent Benefits and Toxicity Risks Transmission Chain of High Dietary Copper along the Livestock-Environment-Plant-Human Health Axis and Microbial Homeostasis: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:6943-6962. [PMID: 35666880 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The extensive use of high-concentration copper (Cu) in feed additives, fertilizers, pesticides, and nanoparticles (NPs) inevitably causes significant pollution in the ecological environment. This type of chain pollution begins with animal husbandry: first, Cu accumulation in animals poisons them; second, high Cu enters the soil and water sources with the feces and urine to cause toxicity, which may further lead to crop and plant pollution; third, this process ultimately endangers human health through consumption of livestock products, aquatic foods, plants, and even drinking water. High Cu potentially alters the antibiotic resistance of soil and water sources and further aggravates human disease risks. Thus, it is necessary to formulate reasonable Cu emission regulations because the benefits of Cu for livestock and plants cannot be ignored. The present review evaluates the potential hazards and benefits of high Cu in livestock, the environment, the plant industry, and human health. We also discuss aspects related to bacterial and fungal resistance and homeostasis and perspectives on the application of Cu-NPs and microbial high-Cu removal technology to reduce the spread of toxicity risks to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkang Zhen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
| | - Ling Ge
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Qiaoqing Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Institute for Quality and Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Zhenyu Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
| | - Juan J Loor
- Mammalian Nutrition Physiology Genomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Mengzhi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
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The Copper Resistome of Group B Streptococcus Reveals Insight into the Genetic Basis of Cellular Survival during Metal Ion Stress. J Bacteriol 2022; 204:e0006822. [PMID: 35404113 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00068-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In bacteria, copper (Cu) can support metabolic processes as an enzymatic cofactor but can also cause cell damage if present in excess, leading to intoxication. In group B Streptococcus (GBS), a system for control of Cu efflux based on the prototypical cop operon supports survival during Cu stress. In some other bacteria, genetic systems additional to the cop operon are engaged during Cu stress and also contribute to the management of cellular Cu homeostasis. Here, we examined genetic systems beyond the cop operon in GBS for regions that contribute to survival of GBS in Cu stress using a forward genetic screen and probe of the entire bacterial genome. A high-density mutant library, generated using pGh9-ISS1, was used to expose GBS to Cu stress and compare it to nonexposed controls en masse. Eight genes were identified as essential for GBS survival in Cu stress, whereas five genes constrained GBS growth in Cu stress. The genes encode varied factors including enzymes for metabolism, cell wall synthesis, transporters, and cell signaling factors. Targeted mutation of the genes validated their roles in GBS resistance to Cu stress. Excepting copA, the genes identified are new to the area of bacterial metal ion intoxication. We conclude that a discrete and limited suite of genes beyond the cop operon in GBS contributes to a repertoire of mechanisms used to survive Cu stress in vitro and achieve cellular homeostasis. IMPORTANCE Genetic systems for copper (Cu) homeostasis in bacteria, including streptococci, are vital to survive metal ion stress. Genetic systems that underpin survival of GBS during Cu stress, beyond the archetypal cop operon for Cu management, are undefined. We show that Streptococcus resists Cu intoxication by utilizing a discrete and limited suite of genes beyond the cop operon, including several genes that are new to the area of bacterial cell metal ion homeostasis. The Cu resistome of GBS defined here enhances our understanding of metal ion homeostasis in GBS.
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Ženíšková K, Grechnikova M, Sutak R. Copper Metabolism in Naegleria gruberi and Its Deadly Relative Naegleria fowleri. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:853463. [PMID: 35478954 PMCID: PMC9035749 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.853463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Although copper is an essential nutrient crucial for many biological processes, an excessive concentration can be toxic and lead to cell death. The metabolism of this two-faced metal must be strictly regulated at the cell level. In this study, we investigated copper homeostasis in two related unicellular organisms: nonpathogenic Naegleria gruberi and the “brain-eating amoeba” Naegleria fowleri. We identified and confirmed the function of their specific copper transporters securing the main pathway of copper acquisition. Adjusting to different environments with varying copper levels during the life cycle of these organisms requires various metabolic adaptations. Using comparative proteomic analyses, measuring oxygen consumption, and enzymatic determination of NADH dehydrogenase, we showed that both amoebas respond to copper deprivation by upregulating the components of the branched electron transport chain: the alternative oxidase and alternative NADH dehydrogenase. Interestingly, analysis of iron acquisition indicated that this system is copper-dependent in N. gruberi but not in its pathogenic relative. Importantly, we identified a potential key protein of copper metabolism of N. gruberi, the homolog of human DJ-1 protein, which is known to be linked to Parkinson’s disease. Altogether, our study reveals the mechanisms underlying copper metabolism in the model amoeba N. gruberi and the fatal pathogen N. fowleri and highlights the differences between the two amoebas.
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Lex JR, Koucheki R, Stavropoulos NA, Michele JD, Toor JS, Tsoi K, Ferguson PC, Turcotte RE, Papagelopoulos PJ. Megaprosthesis anti-bacterial coatings: A comprehensive translational review. Acta Biomater 2022; 140:136-148. [PMID: 34879295 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) are catastrophic complications for patients with implanted megaprostheses and pose significant challenges in the management of orthopaedic oncology patients. Despite various preventative strategies, with the increasing rate of implanted orthopaedic prostheses, the number of PJIs may be increasing. PJIs are associated with a high rate of amputation. Therefore, novel strategies to combat bacterial colonization and biofilm formation are required. A promising strategy is the utilization of anti-bacterial coatings on megaprosthetic implants. In this translational review, a brief overview of the mechanism of bacterial colonization of implants and biofilm formation will be provided, followed by a discussion and classification of major anti-bacterial coatings currently in use and development. In addition, current in vitro outcomes, clinical significance, economic importance, evolutionary perspectives, and future directions of anti-bacterial coatings will also be discussed. Megaprosthetic anti-bacterial coating strategies will help reduce infection rates following the implantation of megaprostheses and would positively impact sarcoma care. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This review highlights the clinical challenges and a multitude of potential solutions to combating peri-prosthetic join infections in megaprotheses using anti-bacterial coatings. Reducing infection rates following the implantation of megaprostheses would have a major impact on sarcoma care and major trauma surgeries that require reconstruction of large skeletal defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnathan R Lex
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Robert Koucheki
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Joseph Di Michele
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jay S Toor
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kim Tsoi
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; University Musculoskeletal Oncology Unit, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Peter C Ferguson
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; University Musculoskeletal Oncology Unit, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Robert E Turcotte
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Panayiotis J Papagelopoulos
- 1st Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
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Gioilli BD, Kidane TZ, Fieten H, Tellez M, Dalphin M, Nguyen A, Nguyen K, Linder MC. Secretion and Uptake of Copper via a Small Copper Carrier in Blood Fluid. Metallomics 2022; 14:6535625. [PMID: 35199838 PMCID: PMC8962702 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfac006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Studies with Wilson disease model mice that accumulate excessive copper, due to a dysfunctional ATP7B “copper pump” resulting in decreased biliary excretion, showed that the compensatory increase in urinary copper loss was due to a small copper carrier (∼1 kDa) (SCC). We show here that SCC is also present in the blood plasma of normal and Wilson disease model mice and dogs, as determined by ultrafiltration and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). It is secreted by cultured hepatic and enterocytic cells, as determined by pretreatment with 67Cu nitrilotriacetate (NTA) or nonradioactive 5–10 μM Cu-NTA, and collecting and examining 3 kDa ultrafiltrates of the conditioned media, where a single major copper peak is detected by SEC. Four different cultured cell types exposed to the radiolabeled SCC all took up the 67Cu at various rates. Rates differed somewhat when uptake was from Cu-NTA. Uptake of SCC-67Cu was inhibited by excess nonradioactive Cu(I) or Ag(I) ions, suggesting competition for uptake by copper transporter 1 (CTR1). Knockout of CTR1 in fibroblasts reduced uptake rates by 60%, confirming its participation, but also involvement of other transporters. Inhibitors of endocytosis, or an excess of metal ions taken up by divalent metal transporter 1, did not decrease SCC-67Cu uptake. The results imply that SCC may play a significant role in copper transport and homeostasis, transferring copper particularly from the liver (but also intestinal cells) to other cells within the mammalian organism, as well as spilling excess into the urine in copper overload—as an alternative means of copper excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- B D Gioilli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92834-6866, USA
| | - T Z Kidane
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92834-6866, USA
| | - H Fieten
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Tellez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92834-6866, USA
| | - M Dalphin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92834-6866, USA
| | - A Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92834-6866, USA
| | - K Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92834-6866, USA
| | - M C Linder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92834-6866, USA
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The Yersinia High-Pathogenicity Island Encodes a Siderophore-Dependent Copper Response System in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli. mBio 2022; 13:e0239121. [PMID: 35089085 PMCID: PMC8725597 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02391-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Siderophores are iron chelators used by microbes to bind and acquire iron, which, once in the cell, inhibits siderophore production through feedback repression mediated by the ferric uptake repressor (Fur). Yersiniabactin (Ybt), a siderophore associated with enhanced pathogenic potential among Enterobacteriaceae, also binds copper ions during human and experimental murine infections. In contrast to iron, we found that extracellular copper ions rapidly and selectively stimulate Ybt production in extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli. The stimulatory pathway requires formation of an extracellular copper-Ybt (Cu(II)-Ybt) complex, internalization of Cu(II)-Ybt entry through the canonical TonB-dependent outer membrane transporter, and Fur-independent transcriptional regulation by the specialized transcription factor YbtA. Dual regulation by iron and copper is consistent with a multifunctional metallophore role for Ybt. Feed-forward regulation is typical of stress responses, implicating Ybt in prevention of, or response to, copper stress during infection pathogenesis. IMPORTANCE Interactions between bacteria and transition metal ions play an important role in encounters between humans and bacteria. Siderophore systems have long been prominent mediators of these interactions. These systems secrete small-molecule chelators that bind oxidized iron(III) and express proteins that specifically recognize and import these complexes as a nutritional iron source. While E. coli and other Enterobacteriaceae secrete enterobactin, clinical isolates often secrete an additional siderophore, yersiniabactin (Ybt), which has been found to also bind copper and other non-iron metal ions. The observation here that an extraintestinal E. coli isolate secretes Ybt in a copper-inducible manner suggests an important gain of function over the enterobactin system. Copper recognition involves using Ybt to bind Cu(II) ions, consistent with a distinctively extracellular mode of copper detection. The resulting Cu(II)-Ybt complex signals upregulation of Ybt biosynthesis genes as a rapid response against potentially toxic extracellular copper ions. The Ybt system is distinguishable from other copper response systems that sense cytosolic and periplasmic copper ions. The Ybt dependence of the copper response presents an implicit feed-forward regulatory scheme that is typical of bacterial stress responses. The distinctive extracellular copper recognition-response functionality of the Ybt system may enhance the pathogenic potential of infection-associated Enterobacteriaceae.
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Virieux-Petit M, Hammer-Dedet F, Aujoulat F, Jumas-Bilak E, Romano-Bertrand S. From Copper Tolerance to Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa towards Patho-Adaptation and Hospital Success. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020301. [PMID: 35205346 PMCID: PMC8872213 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The hospital environment constitutes a reservoir of opportunistic pathogens responsible for healthcare-associated infections (HCAI) such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa). Pa persistence within technological niches, the increasing emergence of epidemic high-risk clones in HCAI, the epidemiological link between plumbing strains and clinical strains, make it a major nosocomial pathogen. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of Pa adaptation to hospital water systems would be useful in preventing HCAI. This review deciphers how copper resistance contributes to Pa adaptation and persistence in a hospital environment, especially within copper water systems, and ultimately to its success as a causative agent of HCAI. Numerous factors are involved in copper homeostasis in Pa, among which active efflux conferring copper tolerance, and copper-binding proteins regulating the copper compartmentalization between periplasm and cytoplasm. The functional harmony of copper homeostasis is regulated by several transcriptional regulators. The genomic island GI-7 appeared as especially responsible for the copper resistance in Pa. Mechanisms of copper and antibiotic cross-resistance and co-resistance are also identified, with potential co-regulation processes between them. Finally, copper resistance of Pa confers selective advantages in colonizing and persisting in hospital environments but also appears as an asset at the host/pathogen interface that helps in HCAI occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxine Virieux-Petit
- HydroSciences Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier University, 34093 Montpellier, France; (M.V.-P.); (F.H.-D.); (F.A.); (E.J.-B.)
| | - Florence Hammer-Dedet
- HydroSciences Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier University, 34093 Montpellier, France; (M.V.-P.); (F.H.-D.); (F.A.); (E.J.-B.)
| | - Fabien Aujoulat
- HydroSciences Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier University, 34093 Montpellier, France; (M.V.-P.); (F.H.-D.); (F.A.); (E.J.-B.)
| | - Estelle Jumas-Bilak
- HydroSciences Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier University, 34093 Montpellier, France; (M.V.-P.); (F.H.-D.); (F.A.); (E.J.-B.)
- Hospital Hygiene and Infection Control Team, University Hospital of Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Sara Romano-Bertrand
- HydroSciences Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier University, 34093 Montpellier, France; (M.V.-P.); (F.H.-D.); (F.A.); (E.J.-B.)
- Hospital Hygiene and Infection Control Team, University Hospital of Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France
- UMR 5151 HSM, Equipe Pathogènes Hydriques Santé et Environnements, U.F.R. des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Montpellier, 15, Avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-4-11-75-94-30
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Regulation of DNA binding activity of the Staphylococcus aureus catabolite control protein A by copper (II)-mediated oxidation. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101587. [PMID: 35032550 PMCID: PMC8847796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Catabolite control protein A (CcpA) of the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus is an essential DNA regulator for carbon catabolite repression and virulence, which facilitates bacterial survival and adaptation to a changing environment. Here, we report that copper (II) signaling mediates the DNA-binding capability of CcpA in vitro and in vivo. Copper (II) catalyzes the oxidation of two cysteine residues (Cys216 and Cys242) in CcpA to form intermolecular disulfide bonds between two CcpA dimers, which results in the formation and dissociation of a CcpA tetramer of CcpA from its cognate DNA promoter. We further demonstrate that the two cysteine residues on CcpA are important for S. aureus to resist host innate immunity, indicating that S. aureus CcpA senses the redox-active copper (II) ions as a natural signal to cope with environmental stress. Together, these findings reveal a novel regulatory mechanism for CcpA activity through copper (II)-mediated oxidation.
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Paul R, Banerjee S, Sen S, Dubey P, Maji S, Bachhawat AK, Datta R, Gupta A. A novel leishmanial copper P-type ATPase plays a vital role in parasite infection and intracellular survival. J Biol Chem 2021; 298:101539. [PMID: 34958799 PMCID: PMC8800121 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is essential for all life forms; however, in excess, it becomes toxic. Toxic properties of Cu are known to be utilized by host species against various pathogenic invasions. Leishmania, in both free-living and intracellular forms, exhibits appreciable tolerance toward Cu stress. While determining the mechanism of Cu-stress evasion employed by Leishmania, we identified and characterized a hitherto unknown Cu-ATPase in Leishmania major and established its role in parasite survival in host macrophages. This novel L. major Cu-ATPase, LmATP7, exhibits homology with its orthologs at multiple motifs. In promastigotes, LmATP7 primarily localized at the plasma membrane. We also show that LmATP7 exhibits Cu-dependent expression patterns and complements Cu transport in a Cu-ATPase-deficient yeast strain. Promastigotes overexpressing LmATP7 exhibited higher survival upon Cu stress, indicating efficacious Cu export compared with Wt and heterozygous LmATP7 knockout parasites. We further explored macrophage–Leishmania interactions with respect to Cu stress. We found that Leishmania infection triggers upregulation of major mammalian Cu exporter, ATP7A, in macrophages, and trafficking of ATP7A from the trans-Golgi network to endolysosomes in macrophages harboring amastigotes. Simultaneously, in Leishmania, we observed a multifold increase in LmATP7 transcripts as the promastigote becomes established in macrophages and morphs to the amastigote form. Finally, overexpressing LmATP7 in parasites increases amastigote survivability within macrophages, whereas knocking it down reduces survivability drastically. Mice injected in their footpads with an LmATP7-overexpressing strain showed significantly larger lesions and higher amastigote loads as compared with controls and knockouts. These data establish the role of LmATP7 in parasite infectivity and intramacrophagic survivability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupam Paul
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal -741246, India
| | - Sourav Banerjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal -741246, India
| | - Samarpita Sen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal -741246, India
| | - Pratiksha Dubey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Knowledge city, Sector 81, Manauli, PO, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab-140306, India
| | - Saptarshi Maji
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal -741246, India
| | - Anand K Bachhawat
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Knowledge city, Sector 81, Manauli, PO, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab-140306, India
| | - Rupak Datta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal -741246, India.
| | - Arnab Gupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal -741246, India.
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Hyre A, Casanova-Hampton K, Subashchandrabose S. Copper Homeostatic Mechanisms and Their Role in the Virulence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica. EcoSal Plus 2021; 9:eESP00142020. [PMID: 34125582 PMCID: PMC8669021 DOI: 10.1128/ecosalplus.esp-0014-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Copper is an essential micronutrient that also exerts toxic effects at high concentrations. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on copper handling and homeostasis systems in Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica. We describe the mechanisms by which transcriptional regulators, efflux pumps, detoxification enzymes, metallochaperones, and ancillary copper response systems orchestrate cellular response to copper stress. E. coli and S. enterica are important pathogens of humans and animals. We discuss the critical role of copper during killing of these pathogens by macrophages and in nutritional immunity at the bacterial-pathogen-host interface. In closing, we identify opportunities to advance our understanding of the biological roles of copper in these model enteric bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Hyre
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Kaitlin Casanova-Hampton
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Sargurunathan Subashchandrabose
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
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Fu L, Chen Q, Jia L. Carbon dots and gold nanoclusters assisted construction of a ratiometric fluorescent biosensor for detection of Gram-negative bacteria. Food Chem 2021; 374:131750. [PMID: 34871851 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A core-satellite nanocomposite was prepared by encapsulating the photostable blue carbon dots (BCDs) in the core of silica as the reference signal readout, and the target-sensitive gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) covalently linked to the surface of silica as the respond signal readout. The nanocomposite (BCD@SiO2@AuNC) was used as a ratiometric fluorescent sensor to realize the selective detection of Gram-negative bacteria. The detection principle was based on the quenching of Cu2+ toward AuNCs and the reduction of Gram-negative bacteria toward Cu2+. The sensor exhibited good selectivity toward Gram-negative bacteria owing to the copper-homeostasis mechanism possessed by the bacteria. The sensor demonstrated linear response to the logarithm concentration of Gram-negative bacteria with determination coefficients higher than 0.912. The feasibility of the sensor was verified by analysis of Gram-negative bacteria in eggshell, swimming pool water, as well as Chinese cabbage samples with recoveries ranging from 93.9% to 109%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Fu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Qingmei Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Li Jia
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
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47
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Li J, Ma J, Hong L, Yang C. Prominent antibacterial effect of sub 5 nm Cu nanoparticles/MoS 2composite under visible light. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 33:075706. [PMID: 34727538 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac3577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Achieving an efficient and inexpensive bactericidal effect is a key point for the design of antibacterial agent. Recent advances have proved molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) as a promising platform for antimicrobial applications, while the combination of metal nanoparticle would promote the antibacterial efficiency. Nevertheless, the dispersivity, cheapness and safety of metal nanoparticle loaded on MoS2raised some concerns. In this paper, we successfully realized a uniform decoration of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) on surface of MoS2nanosheets, and the size of CuNPs could be controlled below 5 nm. Under 5 min irradiation of 660 nm visible light, the synthesized CuNPs/MoS2composite demonstrated superior antibacterial performances (almost 100% bacterial killed) towards both Gram-negativeE. coliand Gram-positiveS. aureusover the single component (Cu or MoS2), while the bactericidal effect could last for at least 6 h. The synergism of photodynamic generated hydroxyl radical (·OH), oxidative stress without reactive oxygen species production and the release of Cu ions was considered as the mechanism for the antibacterial properties of CuNPs/MoS2. Our findings provided new insights into the development of two-dimensional antibacterial nanomaterials of high cost performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingze Li
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Hong
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
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Yang X, Liu H, Zhang Y, Shen X. Roles of Type VI Secretion System in Transport of Metal Ions. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:756136. [PMID: 34803980 PMCID: PMC8602904 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.756136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a transmembrane protein nanomachine employed by many gram-negative bacteria to directly translocate effectors into adjacent cells or the extracellular milieu, showing multiple functions in both interbacterial competition and bacteria-host interactions. Metal ion transport is a newly discovered T6SS function. This review summarizes the identified T6SS functions and highlights the features of metal ion transport mediated by T6SS and discusses its regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Yang
- College of Applied Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology (HAUST), Sanmenxia, China.,Medical College, Sanmenxia Vocational Technical School, Sanmenxia, China
| | - Hai Liu
- Qingyang Longfeng Sponge City Construction Management & Operation Co., Ltd, Qingyang, China
| | - Yanxiong Zhang
- Qingyang Longfeng Sponge City Construction Management & Operation Co., Ltd, Qingyang, China
| | - Xihui Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
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Stokowa-Sołtys K, Wojtkowiak K, Dzyhovskyi V, Wieczorek R. Effect of Copper(II) Ion Binding by Porin P1 Precursor Fragments from Fusobacterium nucleatum on DNA Degradation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212541. [PMID: 34830424 PMCID: PMC8623562 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum is one of the most notorious species involved in colorectal cancer. It was reported that numerous outer membrane proteins (OMP) are actively involved in carcinogenesis. In this paper, the structure and stability of certain complexes, as well as DNA cleavage and ROS generation by fragments of OMP, were investigated using experimental and theoretical methods. Mass spectrometry, potentiometry, UV-Vis, CD, EPR, gel electrophoresis and calculations at the density functional theory (DFT) level were applied. Two consecutive model peptides, Ac-AKGHEHQLE-NH2 and Ac-FGEHEHGRD-NH2, were studied. Both of these were rendered to form a variety of thermodynamically stable complexes with copper(II) ions. All of the complexes were stabilized, mainly due to interactions of metal with nitrogen and oxygen donor atoms, as well as rich hydrogen bond networks. It was also concluded that these complexes in the presence of hydrogen peroxide or ascorbic acid can effectively produce hydroxyl radicals and have an ability to cleave the DNA strands. Surprisingly, the second studied ligand at the micromolar concentration range causes overall DNA degradation.
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Acquisition of ionic copper by the bacterial outer membrane protein OprC through a novel binding site. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001446. [PMID: 34762655 PMCID: PMC8610252 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper, while toxic in excess, is an essential micronutrient in all kingdoms of life due to its essential role in the structure and function of many proteins. Proteins mediating ionic copper import have been characterised in detail for eukaryotes, but much less so for prokaryotes. In particular, it is still unclear whether and how gram-negative bacteria acquire ionic copper. Here, we show that Pseudomonas aeruginosa OprC is an outer membrane, TonB-dependent transporter that is conserved in many Proteobacteria and which mediates acquisition of both reduced and oxidised ionic copper via an unprecedented CxxxM-HxM metal binding site. Crystal structures of wild-type and mutant OprC variants with silver and copper suggest that acquisition of Cu(I) occurs via a surface-exposed “methionine track” leading towards the principal metal binding site. Together with whole-cell copper quantitation and quantitative proteomics in a murine lung infection model, our data identify OprC as an abundant component of bacterial copper biology that may enable copper acquisition under a wide range of conditions. How do Gram-negative bacteria acquire copper? This study shows that the outer membrane protein OprC from Pseudomonas aeruginosa is abundant during infection and mediates highly selective acquisition of both copper redox states via an extracellular "methionine track" and an unprecedented near-irreversible binding site.
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