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Bopp M, Elliott LD, Peterson KT, Duffey M, Wilson OWA. Domain matters: An examination of college student physical activity participation patterns by gender and race/ethnicity. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38848576 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2024.2362317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) consists of multiple domains, including leisure-time PA (LTPA), occupational PA (OPA), and transportation PA (TPA), though limited research has examined these domains among college students. METHODS This cross sectional, online survey asked undergraduate students to self-report demographics (gender, race/ethnicity, employment) and PA (LTPA, TPA, and OPA). Participants were categorized as meeting/not meeting current aerobic PA recommendations with only LTPA and with all domains of PA. Analyses examined differences by domain and demographics. RESULTS For participants (n = 3732) when only considering LTPA, 79% met recommendations, while considering all forms of PA resulted in 94% of students meeting recommendations. Gender and race/ethnicity differences in the odds of meeting PA recommendations were present with only LTPA, however when considering all PA domains, some disparities were no longer present. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight how different domains of activity contribute to overall PA and the relationship with gender and race/ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Bopp
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lucas D Elliott
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Keegan T Peterson
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michele Duffey
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Oliver W A Wilson
- Te Hau Kori, Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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2
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Jacob L, Gyasi RM, Oh H, Smith L, Kostev K, López Sánchez GF, Rahmati M, Haro JM, Tully MA, Shin JI, Yon DK, Koyanagi A. Leisure-time physical activity and sarcopenia among older adults from low- and middle-income countries. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:1130-1138. [PMID: 36872652 PMCID: PMC10067478 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are no data on the association between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and sarcopenia in older adults from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study aimed to investigate the association between LTPA and sarcopenia in individuals aged ≥65 years living in six LMICs. METHODS Cross-sectional data from the Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health (China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia and South Africa) were analysed. Sarcopenia referred to the presence of both low skeletal muscle mass and weak handgrip strength. LTPA was assessed using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and was analysed as a dichotomized variable [high LTPA (>150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous LTPA) or low LTPA (≤150 min/week)]. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess associations. RESULTS There were 14 585 individuals included in this study [mean (SD) age 72.6 (11.5) years; 55.0% women]. The prevalence of high LTPA and sarcopenia was 8.9% and 12.0%, respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders, low LTPA was significantly associated with higher odds for sarcopenia [prevalence odds ratio (POR) = 1.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.29-2.65] compared with high LTPA. Significant associations were found in women (POR = 3.22, 95% CI = 1.82-5.68) but not in men (POR = 1.52, 95% CI = 0.99-2.35). CONCLUSIONS A positive and significant association between low LTPA and sarcopenia was found among older adults from LMICs. The promotion of LTPA among older adults in LMICs may aid in the prevention of sarcopenia, especially among females, pending future longitudinal research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Jacob
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Lariboisière-Fernand Widal Hospital, AP-HP, University Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Razak M Gyasi
- African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya.,National Centre for Naturopathic Medicine, Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hans Oh
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance, and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Guillermo F López Sánchez
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Masoud Rahmati
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mark A Tully
- School of Medicine, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Bopp M, Wilson OWA, Elliott LD, Holland KE, Duffey M, Papalia Z. Gender and race/ethnicity differences in occupational activity among students. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2022; 78:170-176. [PMID: 36259955 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2022.2134282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Occupational physical activity (OPA) is related to positive health outcomes and meeting overall physical activity recommendations. OPA participation typically varies across racial/ethnic groups and by gender, though little research has examined differences in OPA among college students. A cross-sectional, online survey of college students examined demographics and OPA. Participants (n = 3739) were predominately Non-Hispanic White (77.1%) and female (57.8%) aged 20.97 ± 1.52. Employed students reported greater total PA compared with non-employed students. Males reported significantly greater vigorous OPA, overall OPA, and total PA compared with females. Among employed students, OPA contributed significantly to overall PA levels. Males reported significantly greater OPA compared with females and there were several significant differences by race/ethnicity. Academic performance was related to OPA. These findings provide some insight on the OPA levels of a population group that has not been thoroughly examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Bopp
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Oliver W A Wilson
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Lucas D Elliott
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Kelsey E Holland
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Michele Duffey
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Zack Papalia
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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4
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Alizadeh G, Gholipour K, Azami-Aghdash S, Dehnavieh R, JafarAbadi MA, Azmin M, Khodayari-Zarnaq R. Social, Economic, Technological, and Environmental Factors Affecting Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Thematic Analysis. Int J Prev Med 2022; 13:78. [PMID: 35706860 PMCID: PMC9188896 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_105_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Today, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in both sexes. There are several risk factors for heart diseases; some controllable, others not. However, socioeconomic, technological, and environmental factors can impact CVD as well as exclusive risk factors. Accurate identification and assessment of these factors are often difficult. In the present systematic review, we aimed to explore factors affecting CVD. Methods Multiple databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane) and gray literature were searched. The included studies described at least one determinant of CVD. The framework method was applied to analyze the qualitative data. Results A total of 64 studies from 26 countries were included. The contextual determinants of CVD were categorized into 45 determinants, 15 factors, and 4 main social, economic, technological, and environmental categories. The 15 potentially reversible factors were identified as sociodemographic, violence, smoking, occupation, positive childhood experience, social inequalities, psychological distress, eating habits, neighborhood, family income, rapid technology, environmental pollution, living environments, noise, and disaster. Conclusions Devolution and more efficient health policies are required to achieve further sustained reduction in CVD mortality, increase life expectancy, and reduce its associated risk factors. Policymakers should fully address the value of social, economic, technological, and environmental factors. In fact, a prevention agenda should be developed and updated collaboratively in terms of the determinant factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisoo Alizadeh
- Department of Health policy and Management, Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kamal Gholipour
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saber Azami-Aghdash
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Dehnavieh
- Health Services Management Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asghari JafarAbadi
- Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Azmin
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rahim Khodayari-Zarnaq
- Department of Health policy and Management, Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Wolff MB, O'Connor PJ, Wilson MG, Gay JL. Associations Between Occupational and Leisure-Time Physical Activity With Employee Stress, Burnout and Well-Being Among Healthcare Industry Workers. Am J Health Promot 2021; 35:957-965. [PMID: 34105386 DOI: 10.1177/08901171211011372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Examine the associations of occupational and leisure-time physical activity with job stress, burnout, and well-being among healthcare industry workers. DESIGN Quantitative; cross-sectional. SETTING Healthcare Industry. SAMPLE US Amazon Mechanical Turk participants (n = 550) employed in the healthcare industry, worked 35 hours or more per week, had ≥ 1 supervisor and ≥ 1 co-worker, and were ≥ 18 years old. MEASURES Self-reported measures of occupational physical activity (OPA) and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), employee well-being, job stress, and burnout operationalized as exhaustion and disengagement. ANALYSIS Associations between OPA and LTPA with employee well-being, job stress, exhaustion and disengagement were assessed with separate multiple linear regression models. RESULTS OPA had positive significant associations with job stress (β = 0.10, P value = .003) and exhaustion (β = 0.21, P value < .0001). No significant associations were found between OPA with other psychological outcomes. A significant inverse association was found between LTPA and exhaustion (β = -0.04, P value = .007). CONCLUSION In a sample of U.S. health care workers, and consistent with prior epidemiological studies, greater LTPA was associated with lower feelings of exhaustion. In contrast, health care workers with greater OPA reported higher perceptions of job stress and exhaustion. The findings underscore the need for more research aimed at understanding relationships between OPA and psychological health among healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn Batan Wolff
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavior, 1355University of Georgia, College of Public Health, Health Sciences Campus, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Mark G Wilson
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavior, 1355University of Georgia, College of Public Health, Health Sciences Campus, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer L Gay
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavior, 1355University of Georgia, College of Public Health, Health Sciences Campus, Athens, GA, USA
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Monteiro dos Santos JE, Crispim SP, Murphy J, de Camargo Cancela M. Health, lifestyle and sociodemographic characteristics are associated with Brazilian dietary patterns: Brazilian National Health Survey. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247078. [PMID: 33592067 PMCID: PMC7886222 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify Brazilian dietary patterns and their associations with health, lifestyle and sociodemographic characteristics. Data from the Brazilian National Health Survey conducted in 2013 were used. A questionnaire was applied containing 22 items related to dietary consumption. Dietary patterns were determined through factor analysis (FA). Poisson regression models, with robust variance, were used to identify associations between dietary patterns and independents variables. Statistical significance was defined as p-value<0.05. Data were analysed for 60,202 adults (estimated population size: 146,308,458). FA identified three dietary patterns: healthy, protein, and western. The younger age group (18-24 years) had a lower adherence to the healthy pattern (PR:0.53; 95%CI:0.49-0.58) and greater adherence to the protein (PR:1.52; 95%CI:1.42-1.62) and western (PR:1.80; 95%CI:1.68-1.93) patterns compared to the elderly (≥60 years). Women had a greater association with the healthy pattern (PR:1.32; 95%CI:1.28-1.38) and lower association with the protein pattern (PR:0.80; 95%CI:0.77-0.82) compared to men. Illiterate participants showed lower adherence to the healthy (PR:0.58; 95%CI:0.53-0.63) and western (PR:0.54; 95%CI:0.48-0.62) patterns compared to those with higher educational levels. Smokers had lower adherence to the healthy (PR:0.76; 95%CI:0.71-0.81) and higher adherence to the protein (PR:1.14; 95%CI:1.11-1.19) patterns compared to non-smokers. Participants with poor/very poor self-rated health status had a lower adherence to the healthy (PR:0.79; 95%CI:0.73-0.86) and western (PR:0.81; 95%CI:0.73-0.89) patterns compared to those in a very good/good self-rated health status. Multimorbidity was positively associated with the healthy pattern (PR:1.18; 95%CI:1.11-1.26) and inversely associated with the protein pattern (PR:0.88; 95%CI:0.80-0.96) compared to participants without comorbidities. We suggest that strategies to promote healthy eating should consider health, lifestyle and sociodemographic characteristics in the Brazilian population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jack Murphy
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Marianna de Camargo Cancela
- Division of Population Research, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Division of Surveillance and Situation Analysis, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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7
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Tayyem RF, Al-Bakheit A, Hammad SS, Al-Shudifat AE, Azab M, Bawadi H. Fruit and vegetable consumption and cardiovascular diseases among Jordanians: a case-control study. Cent Eur J Public Health 2020; 28:208-218. [PMID: 32997477 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fruit and vegetable intake has been reported as one of the significant protective factors against the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This study aimed to assess the possible preventive effect of fruit and vegetable consumption on developing CVD. METHODS A total of 398 participants (205 cases and 193 controls) referred for elective coronary angiography with clinical suspicion of coronary artery disease to Prince Hamza Hospital in Amman were enrolled in this case-control study. Dietary data were collected separately from each patient using interview-based food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS The findings of the present study revealed that a total consumption of 3 servings of vegetable per day decreased significantly the risk of CVD to about 54% (OR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.22-0.97, p = 0.033). Consumption of banana was found to reduce the risk of CVD to about 44% and 62% when consuming 1-2 and 3-6 servings/week, respectively, with p-value for trend 0.004. For the vegetables, the consumption of grape leaves and stuffed vegetables in general was significantly associated with lower risk of CVD. Increasing cauliflower consumption of 1-2 servings per week decreased CVD risk to about 37% (OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.38-0.98). Consuming up to 3-6 servings per week of mixed vegetables (OR = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.01-0.83) and onion (OR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.22-0.80) revealed an inverse association with CVD development. CONCLUSIONS Adding to the present evidence, consumption of some fruits and vegetables could be considered as preventive factor against developing CVD. However, the association of consuming vegetables with preventing CVD was higher than the fruit consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reema F Tayyem
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ala'a Al-Bakheit
- Department of Nutrition and Food Processing, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan
| | - Shatha S Hammad
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Abdel-Ellah Al-Shudifat
- Faculty of Medicine, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.,Prince Hamza Hospital, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Azab
- Faculty of Medicine, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.,Prince Hamza Hospital, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hiba Bawadi
- College of Health Sciences, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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8
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Feig EH, Levy DE, McCurley JL, Rimm EB, Anderson EM, Gelsomin ED, Thorndike AN. Association of work-related and leisure-time physical activity with workplace food purchases, dietary quality, and health of hospital employees. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1583. [PMID: 31775714 PMCID: PMC6882114 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7944-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While leisure-time physical activity (PA) has been associated with reduced risk of cardiometabolic disease, less is known about the relationship between work-related PA and health. Work-related PA is often not a chosen behavior and may be associated with lower socioeconomic status and less control over job-related activities. This study examined whether high work-related PA and leisure-time PA reported by hospital employees were associated with healthier dietary intake and reductions in cardiometabolic risk. Methods This was a cross-sectional analysis of 602 hospital employees who used workplace cafeterias and completed the baseline visit for a health promotion study in 2016–2018. Participants completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and clinical measures of weight, blood pressure, HbA1c, and lipids. Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores were calculated from two 24-h dietary recalls, and a Healthy Purchasing Score was calculated based on healthfulness of workplace food/beverage purchases. Regression analyses examined Healthy Purchasing Score, HEI, and obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes/prediabetes by quartile of work-related PA, leisure-time PA, and sedentary time. Results Participants’ mean age was 43.6 years (SD = 12.2), 79.4% were female, and 81.1% were white. In total, 30.3% had obesity, 20.6% had hypertension, 26.6% had prediabetes/diabetes, and 32.1% had hyperlipidemia. Median leisure-time PA was 12.0 (IQR: 3.3, 28.0) and median work-related PA was 14.0 (IQR: 0.0, 51.1) MET-hours/week. Higher leisure-time PA was associated with higher workplace Healthy Purchasing Score and HEI (p’s < 0.01) and lower prevalence of obesity, diabetes/prediabetes, and hyperlipidemia (p’s < 0.05). Work-related PA was not associated with Healthy Purchasing Score, HEI, or cardiometabolic risk factors. Increased sedentary time was associated with lower HEI (p = 0.02) but was not associated with the workplace Healthy Purchasing Score. Conclusions Employees with high work-related PA did not have associated reductions in cardiometabolic risk or have healthier dietary intake as did employees reporting high leisure-time PA. Workplace wellness programs should promote leisure-time PA and healthy food choices for all employees, but programs may need to be customized and made more accessible to meet the unique needs of employees who are physically active at work. Trial registration This trial was prospectively registered with clinicaltrials.gov (Identifier: NCT02660086) on January 21, 2016. The first participant was enrolled on September 16, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily H Feig
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Douglas E Levy
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Mongan Institute Health Policy Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica L McCurley
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 100 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Eric B Rimm
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Woman's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emma M Anderson
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 100 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Emily D Gelsomin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anne N Thorndike
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 100 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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Petermann-Rocha F, Brown RE, Diaz-Martínez X, Leiva AM, Martinez MA, Poblete-Valderrama F, Garrido-Méndez A, Matus-Castillo C, Luarte-Rocha C, Salas-Bravo C, Troncoso-Pantoja C, García-Hermoso A, Ramírez-Vélez R, Vásquez-Gómez JA, Rodríguez-Rodríguez F, Alvarez C, Celis-Morales C. Association of leisure time and occupational physical activity with obesity and cardiovascular risk factors in Chile. J Sports Sci 2019; 37:2549-2559. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2019.1647738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Petermann-Rocha
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Rosemary E. Brown
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ximena Diaz-Martínez
- Grupo de Investigación en Calidad de Vida, Departamento de Ciencias de la Educación, Facultad de Educación y Humanidades, Universidad del Biobío, Chillan, Chile
| | - Ana M. Leiva
- Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - María A. Martinez
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Felipe Poblete-Valderrama
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Sede Valdivia, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias del Deporte y Acondicionamiento Físico, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Alex Garrido-Méndez
- Departamento de Ciencias del Deporte y Acondicionamiento Físico, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Carlos Matus-Castillo
- Departamento de Ciencias del Deporte y Acondicionamiento Físico, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Cristian Luarte-Rocha
- Escuela de Educación Física, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile
| | - Carlos Salas-Bravo
- Departamento de Educación Física, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Claudia Troncoso-Pantoja
- Centro de Investigación en Educación y Desarrollo (CIEDE-UCSC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago, Chile
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, IDISNA-Navarra’s Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Jaime A. Vásquez-Gómez
- Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- IRyS Research Group, School of Physical Education, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Cristian Alvarez
- Research Nucleus in Health, Physical Activity and Sport, Laboratory of Measurement and Assessment in Sport, Universidad de Los Lagos, Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Osorno, Chile
| | - Carlos Celis-Morales
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Centro de Investigación en Fisiología del Ejercicio - CIFE, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
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10
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van Sloten TT, Boutouyrie P, Lisan Q, Tafflet M, Thomas F, Guibout C, Climie RE, Pannier B, Sharman JE, Laurent S, Jouven X, Empana JP. Body Silhouette Trajectories Across the Lifespan and Vascular Aging. Hypertension 2019; 72:1095-1102. [PMID: 30354814 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.11442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Vascular aging is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease and can be quantified by higher carotid stiffness, intima-media thickness and diameter, and hypertension. Weight gain across the lifetime may be an important, modifiable determinant of vascular aging. We therefore aimed to assess lifetime body silhouette trajectories (a marker of weight change across the lifespan) in relation to vascular aging in late adulthood. We used cross-sectional data from a community-based cohort study (n=8243; age, 59.4; 38.7% women). A linear mixed model was used to assess trajectories of recalled body silhouettes from age 8 to 45 years. We assessed carotid artery properties (ultrasonography), resting hypertension (blood pressure ≥140/90 mm Hg or use of antihypertensives), and exaggerated exercise blood pressure, a marker of masked hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥150 mm Hg during submaximal exercise) at study recruitment when the participants were 50 to 75 years of age. We identified 5 distinct body silhouette trajectories: lean stable (32.0%), lean increase (11.1%), moderate stable (32.5%), lean-marked increase (16.3%), and heavy stable (8.1%). Compared with individuals in the lean-stable trajectory, those in the moderate-stable, lean-marked increase, and heavy-stable trajectories had higher carotid stiffness, intima-media thickness and diameter (odds ratios between 1.23 and 2.10 for highest quartile versus lowest quartile of manifestations of vascular aging; P<0.05) and were more likely to have resting hypertension and exaggerated exercise blood pressure, after adjustment for potential confounders (odds ratios between 1.31 and 1.60; P<0.05). Vascular aging was most prominent among individuals who were lean in early life but markedly gained weight during young adulthood and among those who were heavy in early life and maintained weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas T van Sloten
- From the Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France (T.T.v.S., P.B., Q.L., M.T., C.G., R.E.C., J.E.S., S.L., X.J., J.-P.E.).,Department of Epidemiology, INSERM UMR-S970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, France (T.T.v.S., Q.L., M.T., C.G., R.E.C., X.J., J.-P.E.).,Department of Arterial Mechanics, INSERM UMR-S970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, France (T.T.v.S., P.B., R.E.C., S.L.).,Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, The Netherlands (T.T.v.S.)
| | - Pierre Boutouyrie
- From the Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France (T.T.v.S., P.B., Q.L., M.T., C.G., R.E.C., J.E.S., S.L., X.J., J.-P.E.)
| | - Quentin Lisan
- From the Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France (T.T.v.S., P.B., Q.L., M.T., C.G., R.E.C., J.E.S., S.L., X.J., J.-P.E.).,Department of Epidemiology, INSERM UMR-S970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, France (T.T.v.S., Q.L., M.T., C.G., R.E.C., X.J., J.-P.E.)
| | - Muriel Tafflet
- From the Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France (T.T.v.S., P.B., Q.L., M.T., C.G., R.E.C., J.E.S., S.L., X.J., J.-P.E.).,Department of Epidemiology, INSERM UMR-S970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, France (T.T.v.S., Q.L., M.T., C.G., R.E.C., X.J., J.-P.E.)
| | - Frédérique Thomas
- Preventive and Clinical Investigation Center, Paris, France (F.T., B.P.)
| | - Catherine Guibout
- From the Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France (T.T.v.S., P.B., Q.L., M.T., C.G., R.E.C., J.E.S., S.L., X.J., J.-P.E.).,Department of Epidemiology, INSERM UMR-S970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, France (T.T.v.S., Q.L., M.T., C.G., R.E.C., X.J., J.-P.E.)
| | - Rachel E Climie
- From the Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France (T.T.v.S., P.B., Q.L., M.T., C.G., R.E.C., J.E.S., S.L., X.J., J.-P.E.).,Department of Epidemiology, INSERM UMR-S970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, France (T.T.v.S., Q.L., M.T., C.G., R.E.C., X.J., J.-P.E.).,Department of Arterial Mechanics, INSERM UMR-S970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, France (T.T.v.S., P.B., R.E.C., S.L.).,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia (R.E.C., J.E.S.).,Physical Activity and Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (R.E.C.)
| | - Bruno Pannier
- Department of Arterial Mechanics, INSERM UMR-S970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, France (T.T.v.S., P.B., R.E.C., S.L.).,Department of Pharmacology, AP-HP, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France (P.B., S.L.).,Preventive and Clinical Investigation Center, Paris, France (F.T., B.P.)
| | - James E Sharman
- From the Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France (T.T.v.S., P.B., Q.L., M.T., C.G., R.E.C., J.E.S., S.L., X.J., J.-P.E.).,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia (R.E.C., J.E.S.)
| | - Stéphane Laurent
- From the Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France (T.T.v.S., P.B., Q.L., M.T., C.G., R.E.C., J.E.S., S.L., X.J., J.-P.E.).,Department of Arterial Mechanics, INSERM UMR-S970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, France (T.T.v.S., P.B., R.E.C., S.L.).,Department of Pharmacology, AP-HP, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France (P.B., S.L.)
| | - Xavier Jouven
- From the Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France (T.T.v.S., P.B., Q.L., M.T., C.G., R.E.C., J.E.S., S.L., X.J., J.-P.E.).,Department of Epidemiology, INSERM UMR-S970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, France (T.T.v.S., Q.L., M.T., C.G., R.E.C., X.J., J.-P.E.)
| | - Jean-Philippe Empana
- From the Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France (T.T.v.S., P.B., Q.L., M.T., C.G., R.E.C., J.E.S., S.L., X.J., J.-P.E.).,Department of Epidemiology, INSERM UMR-S970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, France (T.T.v.S., Q.L., M.T., C.G., R.E.C., X.J., J.-P.E.)
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11
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Drummen M, Dorenbos E, Vreugdenhil ACE, Raben A, Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Adam TC. Insulin resistance, weight, and behavioral variables as determinants of brain reactivity to food cues: a Prevention of Diabetes through Lifestyle Intervention and Population Studies in Europe and around the World - a PREVIEW study. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 109:315-321. [PMID: 30590423 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity and type 2 diabetes have been linked to alterations in food reward processing, which may be linked to insulin resistance. Objectives In this clinical study, we investigated the respective contribution of insulin resistance, anthropometric measurements, and behavioral factors to brain reward activation in response to visual stimuli. Design Food reward-related brain reward activation was assessed with functional magnetic resonance imaging in 39 overweight or obese individuals with impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, or both [22 women, 17 men; mean ± SD insulin sensitivity index (ISI): 2.7 ± 1.3; body mass index (BMI; kg/m2): 32.3 ± 3.7; body fat percentage: 40.5% ± 7.9%; fasting glucose: 6.3 ± 0.6 mmol/L]. Food and nonfood images were shown in a randomized block design. Brain activation (food compared with nonfood images) was correlated with anthropometric and behavioral variables. Behavioral variables included eating behavior [Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ)] and habitual physical activity (Baecke). Glucose and insulin concentrations, determined during an oral-glucose challenge, were used to assess the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and Matsuda ISI. Results Food compared with nonfood brain activation was positively associated with HOMA-IR in the nucleus accumbens, right and left insula, and right cingulate gyrus (P < 0.005, corrected for multiple comparisons). TFEQ factor 2 was positively related to food compared with nonfood brain activation in the supramarginal gyrus (P < 0.005, corrected for multiple comparisons). Habitual physical activity during leisure time was negatively associated with food compared with nonfood brain activation in multiple regions associated with the attention and reward network (P < 0.005, corrected for multiple comparisons). Conclusions Individuals with increased insulin resistance and emotional eating or disinhibition showed higher brain reactivity to food cues, which may imply changes in food preference and hyperphagia. Individuals with higher habitual physical activity showed less food reward-related brain activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathijs Drummen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Elke Dorenbos
- Center for Overweight Adolescent and Children's Health Care (COACH), Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Anita C E Vreugdenhil
- Center for Overweight Adolescent and Children's Health Care (COACH), Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Tanja C Adam
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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12
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Jezewska-Zychowicz M, Gębski J, Guzek D, Świątkowska M, Stangierska D, Plichta M, Wasilewska M. The Associations between Dietary Patterns and Sedentary Behaviors in Polish Adults (LifeStyle Study). Nutrients 2018; 10:E1004. [PMID: 30071656 PMCID: PMC6115718 DOI: 10.3390/nu10081004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sedentary behavior, a low physical activity level, and unhealthy dietary patterns are risk factors for major chronic diseases, including obesity. The aim of this study was to assess the associations of dietary patterns (DPs) with sedentary behaviors (SB) and self-reported physical activity (PA). The data was collected in November 2016 through a cross-sectional quantitative survey amongst 1007 Polish adults. Principal components analysis (PCA) was conducted to derive DPs. Logistic regression analysis was used to verify associations between PA and SD (independent variables), and DPs (dependent variables). Five DPs ('Fast foods & sweets'-FF&S; 'Meat & meat products'-M&MP; 'Fruit & vegetable'-F&V; 'Wholemeal food'-WF; 'Fruit & vegetable juices'-F&VJ) were identified. Representing M&MP independently increased the chance of watching TV at least once a day (by 73%). There was no such relationship between the FF&S and sedentary behaviors. Being in the upper tertiles of pro-health DPs increased the chance of reading books (by 177%-F&V, 149%-WF, 54%-F&VJ) and watching TV (by 71%-F&V). On the other hand, belonging to the upper tertile of WF reduced the chance of using the computer for more than 4 h a day. Belonging to the upper tertile of healthy DPs (WF and F&VJ) increased the chances of moderate or high physical activity, both at work/school and during leisure time. Within F&V, there was a lower chance of moderate or high physical activity at work/school. Being in the upper tertile of unhealthy DPs (FF&S and M&MP) did not show any significant association with physical activity. The study indicated the associations between both healthy and unhealthy DPs and some sedentary behaviors. Association between F&V and watching TV and reading books/newspapers should be recognized as potentially efficient in education. Association between M&MP and watching television can be indicative of the mutual overlap of a negative lifestyle resulting in the development of overweight and obesity, especially since the extent of occurrence of sedentary behaviors is high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Jezewska-Zychowicz
- Department of Organization and Consumption Economics, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Gębski
- Department of Organization and Consumption Economics, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dominika Guzek
- Department of Organization and Consumption Economics, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Monika Świątkowska
- Department of Organization and Consumption Economics, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dagmara Stangierska
- Section of Horticultural Economic, Faculty of Horticulture, Biotechnology and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marta Plichta
- Department of Organization and Consumption Economics, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Milena Wasilewska
- Department of Organization and Consumption Economics, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
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13
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Carraça EV, Mackenbach JD, Lakerveld J, Rutter H, Oppert JM, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Compernolle S, Roda C, Bardos H, Teixeira PJ. Lack of interest in physical activity - individual and environmental attributes in adults across Europe: The SPOTLIGHT project. Prev Med 2018; 111:41-48. [PMID: 29474850 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A considerable proportion of European adults report little or no interest in physical activity. Identifying individual-level and environmental-level characteristics of these individuals can help designing effective interventions and policies to promote physical activity. This cross-sectional study additionally explored associations between level of interest and physical activity, after controlling for other individual and environmental variables. Measures of objective and perceived features of the physical environment of residence, self-reported physical activity and other lifestyle behaviors, barriers towards physical activity, general health, and demographics were obtained from 5205 European adults participating in the 2014 online SPOTLIGHT survey. t-Tests, chi-square tests, and generalized estimating equations with negative binomial log-link function were conducted. Adults not interested in physical activity reported a higher BMI and a lower self-rated health, were less educated, and to a smaller extent female and less frequently employed. They were more prone to have less healthy eating habits, and to perceive more barriers towards physical activity. Only minor differences were observed in environmental attributes: the non-interested were slightly more likely to live in neighborhoods objectively characterized as less aesthetic and containing more destinations, and perceived as less functional, safe, and aesthetic. Even after controlling for other individual and environmental factors, interest in physical activity remained a significant correlate of physical activity, supporting the importance of this association. This study is among the first to describe characteristics of individuals with reduced interest in physical activity, suggesting that (lack of) interest is a robust correlate of physical activity in several personal and environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana V Carraça
- Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joreintje D Mackenbach
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Lakerveld
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harry Rutter
- ECOHOST - The Centre for Health and Social Change, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Michel Oppert
- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Université Paris 13, Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-93017 Bobigny, France; Sorbonne Université, Department of Nutrition Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital (AP-HP), Centre for Research on Human Nutrition Ile-de-France (CRNH IdF), Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France
| | - Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie Compernolle
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Célina Roda
- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Université Paris 13, Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Helga Bardos
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Pedro J Teixeira
- Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
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14
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Roda C, Charreire H, Feuillet T, Mackenbach JD, Compernolle S, Glonti K, Bárdos H, Rutter H, McKee M, Brug J, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Lakerveld J, Oppert JM. Lifestyle correlates of overweight in adults: a hierarchical approach (the SPOTLIGHT project). Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2016; 13:114. [PMID: 27809926 PMCID: PMC5095987 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-016-0439-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity-related lifestyle behaviors usually co-exist but few studies have examined their simultaneous relation with body weight. This study aimed to identify the hierarchy of lifestyle-related behaviors associated with being overweight in adults, and to examine subgroups so identified. METHODS Data were obtained from a cross-sectional survey conducted across 60 urban neighborhoods in 5 European urban regions between February and September 2014. Data on socio-demographics, physical activity, sedentary behaviors, eating habits, smoking, alcohol consumption, and sleep duration were collected by questionnaire. Participants also reported their weight and height. A recursive partitioning tree approach (CART) was applied to identify both main correlates of overweight and lifestyle subgroups. RESULTS In 5295 adults, mean (SD) body mass index (BMI) was 25.2 (4.5) kg/m2, and 46.0 % were overweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m2). CART analysis showed that among all lifestyle-related behaviors examined, the first identified correlate was sitting time while watching television, followed by smoking status. Different combinations of lifestyle-related behaviors (prolonged daily television viewing, former smoking, short sleep, lower vegetable consumption, and lower physical activity) were associated with a higher likelihood of being overweight, revealing 10 subgroups. Members of four subgroups with overweight prevalence >50 % were mainly males, older adults, with lower education, and living in greener neighborhoods with low residential density. CONCLUSION Sedentary behavior while watching television was identified as the most important correlate of being overweight. Delineating the hierarchy of correlates provides a better understanding of lifestyle-related behavior combinations which may assist in targeting preventative strategies aimed at tackling obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célina Roda
- Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Université Paris 13, Centre de Recherche en Épidémiologie et Statistiques, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, F-93017 France
| | - Hélène Charreire
- Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Université Paris 13, Centre de Recherche en Épidémiologie et Statistiques, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, F-93017 France
- Université Paris-Est, Lab-Urba, Créteil, France
| | - Thierry Feuillet
- Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Université Paris 13, Centre de Recherche en Épidémiologie et Statistiques, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, F-93017 France
| | - Joreintje D. Mackenbach
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sofie Compernolle
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ketevan Glonti
- ECOHOST – The Centre for Health and Social Change, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Helga Bárdos
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Harry Rutter
- ECOHOST – The Centre for Health and Social Change, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Martin McKee
- ECOHOST – The Centre for Health and Social Change, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Johannes Brug
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Lakerveld
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Michel Oppert
- Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Université Paris 13, Centre de Recherche en Épidémiologie et Statistiques, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, F-93017 France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
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15
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Silva FMDA, Smith-Menezes A, Duarte MDFDS. Consumption of fruits and vegetables associated with other risk behaviors among adolescents in Northeast Brazil. REVISTA PAULISTA DE PEDIATRIA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2016. [PMID: 27240560 PMCID: PMC5178116 DOI: 10.1016/j.rppede.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence of consumption of fruits and vegetables and identify the association with low level of physical activity, exposure to sedentary behavior, consumption of soft drinks and overweight/obesity in adolescents. Methods: This is a cross-sectional school-based study with a representative sample of 3992 students aged 14–19 years from the state of Sergipe, Brazil. The outcome was low consumption of fruits and vegetables (<5servings/day). Independent variables were: level of physical activity, sedentary behavior, consumption of soft drinks, and overweight/obesity. Global Student Health Survey questionnaire and body mass and height measurements were used, as well as chi-square test and crude and adjusted binary logistic regression. The significance level adopted was 5%. Results: The prevalence of inadequate consumption of fruits and vegetables was high – 88.6% (95%CI=87.6–89.5). Higher likelihood of low consumption of fruits and vegetables was verified among boys who were exposed to sedentary behavior (OR=1.63; 95%CI=1.18–2.24), who consumed soft drinks (OR=3.04; 95%CI=2.10–4.40), with insufficiently physical activity (OR=1.98; 95%CI=1.43–2.73) and girls who consumed soft drinks (OR=1.88; 95%CI=1.43–2.47) and those with overweight/obesity (OR=1.63; 95%CI=1.19–2.23). Conclusions: There is a need of public policies aimed at encouraging the consumption of healthy foods among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aldemir Smith-Menezes
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Sergipe, Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), Aracajú, SE, Brasil
| | - Maria de Fátima da Silva Duarte
- Centro de Esportes, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
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16
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Silva FMDA, Smith‐Menezes A, Duarte MDFDS. Consumo de frutas e vegetais associado a outros comportamentos de risco em adolescentes no Nordeste do Brasil. REVISTA PAULISTA DE PEDIATRIA 2016; 34:309-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rpped.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Smith L, McCourt O, Sawyer A, Ucci M, Marmot A, Wardle J, Fisher A. A review of occupational physical activity and sedentary behaviour correlates. Occup Med (Lond) 2016; 66:185-92. [DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqv164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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18
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Kakutani Y, Kamiya S, Omi N. Association between Regular Exercise and Dietary Intake among Japanese Young Adults Aged 18-24 Years: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2015; 61:255-62. [PMID: 26226963 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.61.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the association between regular exercise and dietary intake in Japanese young adults. A cross-sectional study was performed between May 2013 and July 2013 in universities, colleges, and technical schools located in Ibaraki, Kanagawa, Tokyo, and Nara in Japan. The final sample comprised 654 students, 473 females and 181 males, aged 18-24 y. Regular exercise and dietary intake were assessed using validated self-reported questionnaires. Logistic regression analyses were applied to examine the association between regular exercise and dietary intake. A total of 18% females and 40% males spent ≥5 h per week exercising. Females who spent ≥5 h per week exercising were likely to have a higher intake of fruits (odds ratio (OR), 1.84; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09-3.13) and a lower intake of cereals (OR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.33-0.97) than were those who spent <1 h per week. Males who spent ≥5 h per week exercising were more likely to have a higher intake of fish and shellfish (OR, 2.69; 95% CI, 1.07-6.77) than those who spent <1 h per week. In conclusions, young adults who spent ≥5 h per week exercising had a higher intake of fruits among females, and a higher intake of fish and shellfish among males than those who spent <1 h per week. The present findings suggested food group intakes associated with regular exercise in Japanese young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Kakutani
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science, University of Tsukuba
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Lewin A, Thomas F, Pannier B, Chaix B. Work economic sectors and cardiovascular risk factors: cross-sectional analysis based on the RECORD Study. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:750. [PMID: 25059313 PMCID: PMC4137071 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known on the comparative effect of work economic sectors on multiple cardiovascular risk factors. Such information may be useful to target Public health interventions, e.g., through the occupational medicine. We investigated whether and how a large panel of cardiovascular risk factors varied between 11 work economic sectors. Methods Data on 4360 participants from the French RECORD Study geolocated at their residence were analyzed. Ten outcomes were assessed: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), pulse pressure, total cholesterol, glycaemia, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and resting heart rate. Multilevel linear regression models stratified by sex and adjusted for individual and neighborhood sociodemographic characteristics were estimated. Results Among men, the Health and social work sector was found to be the most protective sector for BMI, waist circumference, and glycaemia (while the Construction sector and the Transport and communications sector tended to be unfavorable for these outcomes). The Health and social work sector was also associated with higher HDL cholesterol among men. However, men working in the Health and social work sector showed the highest systolic BP and pulse pressure. Women working in the Health and social work sector had the highest BMI, the largest waist circumference, and the most elevated systolic and diastolic BP. The Commercial and repair of vehicles sector, the Transport and communication sector, and the Collective, social, and personal services sector were associated with a more favorable profile for these risk factors among women. Conclusion Work economic sectors contribute to shape metabolic and cardiovascular parameters after adjustment for individual/neighborhood sociodemographic characteristics. However, patterns of associations varied strikingly according to the risk factor examined and between men and women. Such findings may be useful to target interventions for reducing cardiovascular risk, e.g., through the occupational medicine. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-750) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Lewin
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 113, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Paris 75012, France.
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Monfort-Pires M, Salvador EP, Folchetti LD, Siqueira-Catania A, Barros CR, Ferreira SRG. Diet quality is associated with leisure-time physical activity in individuals at cardiometabolic risk. J Am Coll Nutr 2014; 33:297-305. [PMID: 24960445 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2013.874928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated whether diet quality was associated with leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and television viewing and the associations of these variables with traditional cardiovascular risk factors and novel biomarkers in individuals at cardiometabolic risk. METHODS A total of 193 prediabetic adults (63.7% women, mean age 54.1 years), screened for a diabetes prevention program in Brazil, participated in this cross-sectional study. Clinical data and blood samples were collected for several determinations. Twenty-four-hour recalls were used to calculate the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) adapted to Brazilian dietary habits and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire to assess physical activity level. Analysis of covariance with adjustments for age and body mass index (BMI) was employed to test associations across categories of LTPA and television viewing. RESULTS Stratifying according to LTPA categories, the most active subset (≥150 minutes/week) showed better HEI scores after adjustments (64.6 ± 11.0, 65.1 ± 10.3, and 68.6 ± 10.8, p = 0.02) and significant higher values of dark green and orange vegetables but not of whole grains (p = 0.06). Active individuals had lower BMI, waist circumference, inflammatory markers, and better insulin sensitivity (p < 0.05). Individuals at the highest category of television viewing had higher age-adjusted BMI (32.0 ± 6.2, 30.7 ± 6.0, and 28.8 ± 4.7 hours/week; p = 0.01) than the others. Time watching television was inversely associated with homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) and C-reactive protein (CRP; p < 0.01) after adjustments but not with lipids and HEI score. Comparisons of individuals with healthy habits (better diet and higher physical activity [PA]), with those with unhealthy habits revealing better anthropometric and cardiometabolic profiles in the former group. CONCLUSION Diet quality assessed by the HEI adapted for Brazilian eating habits attained significance in differentiating more active from inactive at-risk individuals during leisure time. Time watching television, as a surrogate of sedentary behavior, is not useful to detect unhealthy diet quality. LTPA is indicative of better cardiometabolic profile reflected by lipid and inflammatory markers and index of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Monfort-Pires
- a Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health , University of São Paulo , BRAZIL
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Rind E, Jones A, Southall H. How is post-industrial decline associated with the geography of physical activity? Evidence from the Health Survey for England. Soc Sci Med 2013; 104:88-97. [PMID: 24581066 PMCID: PMC3988884 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, the prevalence of physical activity has declined considerably in many developed countries, which has been related to rising levels of obesity and several weight-related medical conditions, such as coronary heart disease. There is evidence that areas exhibiting particularly low levels of physical activity have undergone a strong transition away from employment in physically demanding occupations. It is proposed that such processes of deindustrialisation may be causally linked to unexplained geographical disparities in physical activity. This study investigates how geographical variations in deindustrialisation are associated with current levels of physical activity across different activity domains and relevant macro-economic time periods in England. The analysis includes data on 27,414 adults from the Health Survey for England 2006 and 2008 who reported total, occupational, domestic, recreational and walking activity. Based on employment change in industries associated with heavy manual work, a local measurement of industrial decline was developed, covering the period 1841–2001. We applied a multilevel modelling approach to study associations between industrial decline and physical activity. Results indicate that the process of deindustrialisation appears to be associated with patterns of physical activity and that this is independent of household income. The effects observed were generally similar for men and women. However, the nature of the association differed across areas, time periods and employment types; in particular, residents of districts characterised by a history of manufacturing and mining employment had increased odds of reporting low activity levels. We conclude that post-industrial change may be a factor in explaining present-day variations in physical activity, emphasising the plausible impact of inherited cultures and regional identities on health related behaviours. This study is the first to link different physical activity domains to the historical context of deindustrialisation We found some evidence that processes of deindustrialisation may be associated with lower physical activity Lower overall activity was generally seen in areas with historically high employment then decline in manufacturing and mining Findings suggest cultures of non-participation in physical activity may persist in areas experiencing losses in manual jobs
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Rind
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Drummond Street, Edinburgh EH8 9XP, UK.
| | - Andy Jones
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, UK
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Veghari G, Sedaghat M, Joshghani H, Niknezad F, Angizeh A, Tazik E, Moharloei P, Banihashem S. Plasma total cholesterol level and some related factors in northern Iranian people. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2013; 4:359-63. [PMID: 24082732 PMCID: PMC3783780 DOI: 10.4103/0976-9668.117008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In middle age people, hypercholesterolemia (HC) has been included as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVES The main objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of HC and some related factors in the north of Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a population-based cross-sectional study that enrolled 1995 subjects (997 males and 998 females) in 25-65 year age using stratified cluster sampling. Interviewers recorded the data using a multidimensional questionnaire including anthropometric indexes. Plasma cholesterol was measured in the morning after a 12-hour fast and determined by an auto-analyzer. HC was defined by a total plasma total cholesterol level over 200 mg/dl. The SPSS.16 software was used to analyze data. RESULTS The mean age of the participant was 44.2 years and mean ± SD plasma total cholesterol level in men and women was 196.7 ± 39.11 and 209.4 ± 42.9, respectively. Generally, the prevalence of HC was 50.4% with a significant differences between men (44.7%) and women (57%) (P < 0.05). The mean plasma total cholesterol levels were significantly differenced among age groups, location area, BMI, and waist circumferences (P < 0.001). Women gender (OR = 1.64), 55-65 years old (OR = 2.79), BMI ≥40 kg/m(2) (OR = 10.0), and abdominal obesity (OR = 2.47) were associated with increased risk of HC (P = 0.001 and 95%CI for all). CONCLUSION HC is one of the most health problems in the northern Iran and it is more common in women than in men. General and abdominal obesity are the most common risk factors for HC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Veghari
- Department of Biochemistery and Nutrition, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sedaghat
- Deputy of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hamidraza Joshghani
- Department of Biochemistery and Nutrition, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Farhad Niknezad
- Department of Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | - Ebrahim Tazik
- Deputy of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Pooneh Moharloei
- Deputy of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Samieh Banihashem
- Deputy of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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Oyeyemi AL, Adeyemi O. Relationship of physical activity to cardiovascular risk factors in an urban population of Nigerian adults. Arch Public Health 2013; 71:6. [PMID: 23578186 PMCID: PMC3635946 DOI: 10.1186/0778-7367-71-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increasing rapidly in Nigeria, but fewer studies have evaluated the role of physical activity in the development of CVD in this country. We examined the relationship between health enhancing physical activity and risk factors of CVD in a working population of adults in Maiduguri, Nigeria. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, we assessed health enhancing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among 292 government employees (age: 20-65 years, 40% female, 24% obese and 79.8% response) using the self-administered version of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF). Time spent in walking and sitting during occupational activity was assessed as well. Anthropometric measurement of height, weight and waist circumference, and blood pressure were also measured. Independent t-test and One- Way ANOVA were conducted, and the relationships between MVPA and body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure and heart rate were explored using Pearson correlations coefficients and multiple regression analyses. RESULTS The mean time spent in health enhancing MVPA (116.4 ± 101.3 min/wk) was lower than the recommended guideline of 150 min/wk sufficient for health benefits. Compared with men, more women were less physically active, obese and reported more diagnoses of component of metabolic syndrome (p < 0.05). Participants whose work activities were highly sedentary tend to accumulate less minutes of MVPA compared with those who reported their work as moderately active or highly active (p < 0.001). Health enhancing MVPA was inversely related with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, heart rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Physical activity level of the working population of Nigerian adults was low and was related with adverse risk factors for CVD. Promoting health enhancing physical activity at work places may be important for prevention and control of CVD among the working population in Maiduguri, Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adewale L Oyeyemi
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Olumide Adeyemi
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
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Kikuchi H, Inoue S, Sugiyama T, Owen N, Oka K, Shimomitsu T. Correlates of prolonged television viewing time in older Japanese men and women. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:213. [PMID: 23496962 PMCID: PMC3605336 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to insufficient moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), prolonged sitting time is also a health risk for older adults. An understanding of population subgroups who have prolonged television viewing (TV) time, a predominant sedentary behavior, can aid in the development of relevant health promotion initiatives; however, few such studies have focused on older adults, the most sedentary segment of the population as a whole. The aim of this study is to examine the socio-demographic attributes associated with TV time among community-dwelling Japanese older men and women. METHODS A population-based, cross-sectional mail survey was used to collect data on TV time, MVPA, and socio-demographic characteristics. The survey was conducted from February through March 2010. Participants were 2700 community-dwelling older adults (aged 65-74 years, 50% men) who were randomly selected from the registry of residential addresses of three cities in Japan. Data from 1665 participants (mean age: 69.5 years, 52% men) who completed all variables for the present study were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) of prolonged TV time (>2 hours/day) for each socio-demographic attribute, stratified by gender. RESULTS Of the 1665 participants, 810 (48.6%) watched TV for more than 2 hours/day. The median television viewing time (25th, 75th percentile) was 2.00 (1.07, 3.50) hours/day. Prolonged TV time was associated with not in full-time employment, lower educational attainment, weight status, living in regional areas and low MVPA for the whole sample. For men, prolonged TV time was associated with lower educational attainment; (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.12-2.07), underweight (OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.02-2.60), overweight (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.11-2.21), and low MVPA (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.02-2.02). For women, living in regional areas (OR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.33-3.08), living alone (OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.03-2.49), not driving (OR = 1.79, 95% CI 1.21-2.65), overweight (OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.00-2.24), and low MVPA (OR = 1.51. 95% CI: 1.05-2.17) were associated with prolonged TV time. CONCLUSIONS These findings identify particular socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics related to TV time among Japanese older adults. It should be noted that correlates of prolonged TV time differed by gender. Women in living situations with limited transportation options tended to spend prolonged time watching TV. Health promotion initiatives for older adults, particularly for older women, may be more effective if they take these attributes into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kikuchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Hu GC, Chien KL, Hsieh SF, Chen CY, Tsai WH, Su TC. Occupational Versus Leisure-Time Physical Activity in Reducing Cardiovascular Risks and Mortality Among Ethnic Chinese Adults in Taiwan. Asia Pac J Public Health 2013; 26:604-13. [DOI: 10.1177/1010539512471966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the associations of occupational physical activity (OPA) and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. Physical activity data from the Baeck questionnaire was available for 1706 participants. During a follow-up period, there were 215 cases of CVD and 438 deaths. With the lowest tertile as the reference, the hazard ratios (HRs) for CVD and mortality in the highest tertiles of LTPA were 0.65 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.46-0.92) and 0.73 (95% CI = 0.58-0.92). In contrast, the HRs for CVD and mortality in the highest tertiles of OPA were 1.75 (95% CI = 1.10-2.80) and 1.53 (95% CI = 1.06-2.22). The association between OPA and the risk of CVD and mortality was significant in men but not in women. Our findings suggest that high OPA imposes harmful effects on the risk of CVD and mortality, particularly among men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwo-Chi Hu
- Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | - Ta-Chen Su
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Cong Z, Feng D, Liu Y, Esperat MC. Sedentary behaviors among Hispanic children: influences of parental support in a school intervention program. Am J Health Promot 2012; 26:270-80. [PMID: 22548421 DOI: 10.4278/ajhp.100226-quan-60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the effect of parental support on sedentary behaviors among Hispanic children. DESIGN AND SETTING A longitudinal quasi-experimental design with five waves of data collection was used to examine the effect of parental support on children's sedentary behaviors in a school-based intervention program in west Texas. SUBJECTS Hispanic low-income parents and their children of 5 to 9 years (N = 416 child-parent dyads) over a 22-month period (1217 observations). INTERVENTION Transformacion Para Salud was a multicomponent intervention program aimed at prevention and control of childhood overweight and obesity. It used a community-based participatory research approach, including nutrition education, physical exercise, gardening, and family involvement. MEASURES Sedentary behaviors were measured by parents' report of their children's daily screen time per week, including TV/DVD, computer, Internet, and video games. Parental support was measured with parents' reported support for active living. ANALYSIS Growth curve analysis was used to examine trajectories of sedentary behaviors of children. RESULTS Response rate was over 70%. Parental support reduced children's sedentary behaviors. Girls were less sedentary than boys, but girls were less affected by parental support. The intervention was effective in reducing children's sedentary behaviors over time. CONCLUSION It is important for school intervention programs to mobilize parents to provide more support to reduce sedentary behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Cong
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1230, USA.
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Larsson CA, Krøll L, Bennet L, Gullberg B, Råstam L, Lindblad U. Leisure time and occupational physical activity in relation to obesity and insulin resistance: a population-based study from the Skaraborg Project in Sweden. Metabolism 2012; 61:590-8. [PMID: 22146090 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2011.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Revised: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to study obesity and insulin resistance in relation to leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and occupational physical activity (OPA) in a Swedish population, with particular focus on sex differences. Using a cross-sectional design, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), glucose/insulin metabolism, blood pressure, heart rate, self-reported education, smoking, alcohol consumption, LTPA, and OPA were assessed in 1745 men and women (30-74 years) randomly chosen from 2 municipalities in southwestern Sweden. In both men and women, LTPA was inversely associated with BMI, waist circumference, and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), respectively. These associations remained statistically significant after adjustments for age, OPA, education, alcohol consumption, smoking, and study area, and also for BMI in the analyses concerning waist circumference and HOMA-IR. A statistically significant interaction term (P = .030), adjusted for multiple confounders, revealed a stronger association between LTPA and HOMA-IR in women compared with men. Occupational physical activity was positively associated with BMI (P < .001), waist circumference (P < .001), and HOMA-IR (P = .001), however, only in women. These associations remained when adjusting for multiple confounders. The sex differences were confirmed by statistically significant interaction terms between sex and OPA in association with BMI, waist circumference, and HOMA-IR, respectively. The observed sex differences regarding the strength of the association between LTPA and insulin resistance, and the positive association between OPA and obesity and insulin resistance found solely in women, warrant further investigation. Although exploration of the metabolic effects of OPA appears to be needed, thorough measurement of potential confounders is also vital to understand contextual effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte A Larsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Lund, Malmö, Community Medicine, Malmö University Hospital, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
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Relationship of physical activity and eating behaviour with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Sofia Lifestyle (SLS) study. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2011; 53:11-8. [PMID: 21644400 DOI: 10.2478/v10153-010-0022-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Physical inactivity and excessive food consumption play a major role in the etiology of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship of physical activity (PA) and eating behaviour with obesity and T2DM in citizens of Sofia, Bulgaria. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 511 randomly chosen participants completed a validated questionnaire concerning age, body height and weight, medical history, and motivation for a lifestyle change. The Baecke PA questionnaire and the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire were also completed. RESULTS Body mass index (BMI) was significantly higher among subjects in the lowest compared with the middle (P = 0.002) and with the highest tertile of leisure time PA (P < 0.001), also between the lowest and the highest tertile group of sport PA (P = 0.001). BMI differed significantly in the highest vs. the middle (P = 0.04), as well as vs. the lowest (P= 0.017) tertile of uncontrolled eating behaviour. The prevalence of T2DM was significantly greater in the lowest vs. the middle (P = 0.027) and the highest (P = 0.02) tertile of leisure time PA. In a multiple regression analysis both leisure time PA and uncontrolled eating were independently associated with BMI (beta = -0.13, 95% CI -1.83 to -0.11, P = 0.03 and beta = 0.32, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.44, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS We found a strong inverse relationship between the level of PA during leisure time (including sport), BMI, and the prevalence of T2DM. Uncontrolled eating behaviour was also found to have a significant effect on BMI.
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Associations between dietary patterns, physical activity (leisure-time and occupational) and television viewing in middle-aged French adults. Br J Nutr 2011; 105:902-10. [DOI: 10.1017/s000711451000440x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Diet and physical activity are considered to be major components of a healthy lifestyle. However, few studies have examined in detail the relationships between specific types of physical activity, sedentary behaviour and diet in adults. The objective of the present study was to assess differential relationships between dietary patterns, leisure-time and occupational physical activities and time spent watching television (TV), as an indicator of sedentary behaviour, in middle-aged French subjects. We performed a cross-sectional analysis using data from 1359 participants in the SUpplémentation en VItamines et Minéraux AntioXydants study, who completed a detailed physical activity questionnaire and at least six 24 h dietary records. Sex-specific dietary patterns were derived using factor analysis; their relationships with leisure-time and occupational physical activities and TV viewing were assessed using ANCOVA, after adjustment for age, educational level and smoking status. Three dietary patterns were identified in each sex. After adjustment for potential confounders, leisure-time physical activity was positively associated with a ‘healthy’ food pattern in both men (P for trend < 0·01) and women (P for trend < 0·03) and negatively associated with an ‘alcohol/meat’ pattern in men (P for trend < 0·01). TV viewing was positively associated with a ‘convenience’ pattern in men and with a ‘alcohol-appetiser’ pattern in women. In conclusion, identification of relationships between dietary patterns, physical activity and sedentary behaviour can enable identification of different types of lifestyle and should help to target at-risk groups in nutrition prevention programmes.
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Buzzachera CF, Baldari C, Elsangedy HM, Krinski K, Santos BV, Campos WD, Guidetti L, Silva SGD. Comparação das respostas fisiológicas, perceptuais e afetivas durante caminhada em ritmo autosselecionado por mulheres adultas de três diferentes faixas etárias. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2010. [DOI: 10.1590/s1517-86922010000500002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Comparar as respostas fisiológicas, perceptuais e afetivas durante caminhada em ritmo autosselecionado por mulheres adultas de três diferentes faixas etárias. Métodos: Foram investigados 66 sujeitos do sexo feminino, previamente sedentários, distribuídos de acordo com a sua idade cronológica nos seguintes grupos: GI (20,0-25,0 anos, n = 22), GII (30,0-35,0 anos, n = 22) e GIII (40,0-45,0 anos, n = 22). Todos os participantes foram submetidos a (i) pré-avaliação médica, avaliação antropométrica e processo de familiarização, (ii) teste incremental máximo em esteira, e (iii) um teste de 20-minutos de caminhada em ritmo autosselecionado em esteira. As respostas fisiológicas (consumo de oxigênio, O2, e frequência cardíaca, FC) foram mensuradas continuamente durante a realização do teste de 20-minutos de caminhada em ritmo autosselecionado. Por sua vez, as respostas perceptuais (percepção subjetiva de esforço, PSE) e afetivas foram determinadas a cada intervalo de cinco minutos do teste. Para a análise estatística, empregou-se uma ANOVA de um fator (faixa etária), adotando-se um valor de p < 0,05. Resultados: Nenhuma diferença significativa foi verificada entre os grupos etários no O2 e na FC durante teste de 20-minutos de caminhada em ritmo autosselecionado. A velocidade de caminhada também foi similar entre os grupos etários. Contudo, as respostas fisiológicas relativas aos valores máximos (%O2Máx e %FC Máx) e aos valores no limiar ventilatório (LV, %O2LV e %FCLV) foram mais elevadas em GIII comparativamente à GI e GII (p < 0,05). Nenhuma diferença foi verificada tanto na PSE como no afeto entre os grupos etários. CONCLUSÃO: As respostas fisiológicas, porém não as respostas perceptuais e afetivas, diferem de acordo com a faixa etária investigada durante realização de caminhada em ritmo autosselecionado por mulheres adultas, previamente sedentárias.
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Bennet L, Larsson C, Söderström M, Råstam L, Lindblad U. Diastolic dysfunction is associated with sedentary leisure time physical activity and smoking in females only. Scand J Prim Health Care 2010; 28:172-8. [PMID: 20698731 PMCID: PMC3442333 DOI: 10.3109/02813432.2010.506803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction with preserved systolic function (DD-PSF) is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Population-based surveys studying the associations between DD-PSF and lifestyle-associated risk factors, such as leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and smoking, are scarce. Thus, the aims were to explore the associations between DD-PSF and LTPA and smoking, employing optimal echocardiographic techniques. DESIGN Cross-sectional study conducted from 2001 to 2003. SETTING The study was conducted in a random sample of a rural Swedish population. SUBJECTS Men and women of 30-75 years of age were consecutively invited for conventional echocardiography and tissue velocity imaging (n = 1149). Structured questionnaires and physical examinations were conducted using standardized methods. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES DD-PSF was defined according to the European Society of Cardiology criteria excluding subjects with ejection fraction < 45%, or a self-reported history of heart failure. RESULTS Complete information was available in 500 men and 538 women. In a multivariate model, DD-PSF was independently associated with sedentary LTPA and smoking in females; sedentary LTPA odds ratio (OR) 2.91, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02 to 8.27, and smoking OR 3.42, 95% CI 1.35 to 8.64. The probability of identifying DD-PSF in females with a sedentary LTPA was 37% and increased to 80% if they also had hypertension and were obese. CONCLUSIONS Sedentary LTPA and smoking are independently associated with DD-PSF in females. Identification of a sedentary lifestyle in females increases the probability of diagnosing DD-PSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Bennet
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö
| | | | | | | | - Ulf Lindblad
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine/Primary Health Care, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University
- Skaraborg Institute, Skövde, Sweden
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Knight KH, Buchholz AC, Martin Ginis KA, Goy RE. Leisure-time physical activity and diet quality are not associated in people with chronic spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 2010; 49:381-5. [PMID: 20714337 DOI: 10.1038/sc.2010.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional. OBJECTIVE To determine the association between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and adherence to Eating Well with Canada's Food Guide (CFG) in community-dwelling adults with chronic Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). SETTING Ontario, Canada. METHODS Participants were recruited as part of the Study of Health and Activity in People with SCI (SHAPE-SCI). Dietary data were collected using 24-h recalls and analysed for adherence to CFG recommendations by age group and gender. LTPA was assessed using the Physical Activity Recall Assessment for Persons with SCI. Statistical analysis comprised correlations, multiple regression and χ(2). RESULTS We studied 75 adults (n=61 M; 42.4±11.8 years; 25.5±5.2 kg m(-2)) with chronic (≥1-year post-injury) SCI. Of these, 37% of participants were inactive, 29% were low-active and 33% were high-active. Fewer than 5% of participants were 100% adherent with CFG; 85% were adherent to ≤50%. Activity level and overall adherence to CFG were not correlated (r=-0.052, P=0.666). Although there were no associations between LTPA and vegetables and fruit, grain products, milk and alternatives, or other foods (all P>0.05), high activity was associated with consuming less than the minimum number of recommended servings of meat and alternatives (φ=-0.258, P=0.026). CONCLUSION Clinicians need to be aware of the poor diet quality, and low levels of physical activity, of people with chronic SCI. They should not assume that those who are more active consume better quality diets than those who are low active or inactive. SPONSORSHIP Canadian Institutes of Health Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Knight
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Campos VC, Bastos JL, Gauche H, Boing AF, Assis MAAD. Fatores associados ao consumo adequado de frutas, legumes e verduras em adultos de Florianópolis. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2010. [DOI: 10.1590/s1415-790x2010000200016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUÇÃO: O consumo adequado de frutas, legumes e verduras é considerado um importante fator na redução da incidência de doenças cardiovasculares e determinados tipos de câncer. OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência do consumo adequado de frutas, legumes e verduras e fatores associados. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com amostra probabilística de adultos (N = 1.890), residentes em domicílios com linhas telefônicas fixas em Florianópolis, 2005. O desfecho foi o consumo adequado de frutas, legumes e verduras, definido pela frequência diária de cinco ou mais vezes de consumo destes alimentos. Os resultados das análises multivariáveis para associação entre consumo adequado e variáveis independentes foram expressos como razão de prevalência. RESULTADOS: A prevalência do consumo adequado de frutas, legumes e verduras foi de 21,9% (25,0% mulheres e 18,7% homens). Entre as mulheres, maiores prevalências de consumo adequado foram associadas ao aumento da faixa etária, ao fato de não trabalhar (RP = 1,5; IC 95%: 1,1; 2,0), ter estado de saúde bom ou excelente (RP = 1,4; IC 95%: 1,0; 1,8) e ao não tabagismo (RP = 1,3; IC 95%: 1,0; 1,9). Entre os homens, maior prevalência de consumo adequado foi observada para os que relataram ser casados (RP = 1,9; IC 95%: 1,2; 3,0) e não ter excesso de peso (RP = 1,9; IC 95%: 1,3; 2,7). Em ambos os sexos o consumo adequado apresentou associação com atividade física no lazer (mulheres RP = 1,5; IC 95%: 1,2; 1,9; homens RP = 1,8; IC 95%: 1,1; 2,8). CONCLUSÕES: Intervenções visando aumentar este consumo devem levar em consideração as diferenças observadas entre os sexos.
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Trinh OTH, Nguyen ND, Phongsavon P, Dibley MJ, Bauman AE. Metabolic risk profiles and associated risk factors among Vietnamese adults in Ho Chi Minh City. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2010; 8:69-78. [PMID: 19929600 DOI: 10.1089/met.2009.0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A clustering of metabolic risk factors increases the likelihood of cardiovascular diseases. This study reports the metabolic risk profiles and the prevalence of metabolic risk factors and associated factors among Vietnamese adults in Ho Chi Minh City. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out in a representative sample of adults aged 25-64 years in Ho Chi Minh City in 2005. Metabolic risk factors, including central obesity, elevated fasting glucose, elevated total cholesterol, and raised blood pressure, were collected to estimate their prevalence and association with socioeconomic and health-related behavioral risk factors. Multivariate logistic models were performed to examine the associations between socioeconomic and behavioral risk factors and the odds of having metabolic risk factors. RESULTS The prevalence of individual risk components was: 28.9% high blood pressure, 18.3% central obesity, 16.8% high total cholesterol, and 6.4% high fasting glucose. There were significant gender differences in central obesity and high blood pressure. The prevalence of metabolic risk cluster (two or more risk factors) was 17.0% in men and 17.6% in women. The metabolic risk cluster appeared earlier in men, but women showed higher rates at older ages. Increasing age and household wealth were associated with the metabolic risk cluster across both genders, but additional risk factors in men were smoking in the past and in women education level and sitting and reclining time. CONCLUSIONS Strategies to prevent metabolic risk factors through the prevention of abdominal obesity must be established for young adults and should include promoting physical activity, healthy eating, and preventing alcohol abuse and tobacco use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oanh T H Trinh
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
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Martins TG, Assis MAAD, Nahas MV, Gauche H, Moura EC. Inatividade física no lazer de adultos e fatores associados. Rev Saude Publica 2009; 43:814-24. [DOI: 10.1590/s0034-89102009005000058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2008] [Accepted: 02/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJETIVO: Analisar a associação entre inatividade física no lazer de adultos com fatores sociodemográficos e indicadores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com indivíduos com idade de 18 anos e superior (n=1996). Foram utilizados dados obtidos do Sistema Municipal de Monitoramento de Fatores de Risco para Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis, por meio de entrevistas telefônicas, em Florianópolis, SC, 2005. Analisaram-se fatores sociodemográficos e comportamentais de proteção e de risco. Os resultados das análises de regressão múltipla para associação entre inatividade física no lazer e variáveis independentes foram expressos por razões de prevalência. RESULTADOS: A prevalência da inatividade física no lazer foi de 54,6% (47,3% homens, 61,4% mulheres). Após análise ajustada, entre os homens, maior probabilidade de inatividade física no lazer foi associada ao aumento da faixa etária, à diminuição do nível de escolaridade e ao fato de trabalharem; menor probabilidade de inatividade física no lazer foi associada ao consumo abusivo de bebida alcoólica, independentemente da faixa etária, nível de escolaridade e trabalho. Entre as mulheres, maior probabilidade de inatividade foi observada entre as que relataram nível de escolaridade inferior a 12 anos de estudo e que trabalhavam. Análises ajustadas pelo nível de escolaridade e trabalho mostraram maior probabilidade de inatividade física no lazer para mulheres que relataram consumo de frutas e hortaliças com freqüência inferior a cinco vezes por dia e consumo de leite integral. CONCLUSÕES: Os fatores associados à inatividade física no lazer apresentaram perfil diferente entre homens e mulheres. Para mulheres, a inatividade física se associou a comportamentos de risco para doenças crônicas, em especial aos hábitos alimentares, e para os homens, se associaram a fatores sociodemográficos.
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Dietary intake, physical activity and nutritional status in adults: the French nutrition and health survey (ENNS, 2006-2007). Br J Nutr 2009; 102:733-43. [PMID: 19250574 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114509274745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The French National Programme on Nutrition and Health (Programme national nutrition santé (PNNS)), the aim of which is to reduce nutrition-related chronic diseases, necessitates monitoring of nutritional characteristics. Our objective was to describe dietary intake, physical activity and nutritional status in a national sample of adults, especially according to current French recommendations. The study is based on a cross-sectional population-based survey using a multistage sampling design (Etude nationale nutrition santé (ENNS)). Between February 2006 and March 2007, 3115 18-74-year-old adults were included (participation rate 59.7 %). Energy, macronutrient and food consumption were estimated through three randomly distributed 24 h recalls, and compared to PNNS recommendations; physical activity was described using International Physical Activity Questionnaire guidelines; anthropometry, blood pressure and biochemical measurements were assessed according to national and international references. When compared to current recommendations, intake of carbohydrates (>50 % energy intake without alcohol: 26.4 %), SFA ( < 35 % total lipids: 18.5 %) and total fibre (>25 g/d: 13.7 %) was frequently unsatisfactory. While overall consumption of 'meat, seafood and eggs' was satisfactory, that of fruits and vegetables ( > or = 400 g/d: 43.8 %) and seafood (two or more servings per week: 29.9 %) was frequently too low. The physical activity level was satisfactory at 63.2 %. Overweight was observed in 49.3 % of adults, while 30.9 % were hypertensive and 44.1 % had dyslipidaemia. Vitamin and iron-poor status was found to affect less than 10 % of the population. Based on the ENNS survey, overall nutrition remains a problem in France. Comparison of these data with those of other countries could contribute to a better understanding of variations in nutrition-related diseases.
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Estaquio C, Druesne-Pecollo N, Latino-Martel P, Dauchet L, Hercberg S, Bertrais S. Socioeconomic differences in fruit and vegetable consumption among middle-aged French adults: adherence to the 5 A Day recommendation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 108:2021-30. [PMID: 19027405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jada.2008.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2007] [Accepted: 05/23/2008] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies support the protective effect of high fruit and vegetable consumption on chronic disease risk, mainly against cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The increase of fruit and vegetable intake has become a public health priority in many countries. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to investigate the relationships of socioeconomic, demographic, and behavioral factors with both quantity and variety of fruit and vegetable consumption. DESIGN/SUBJECTS Fruit and vegetable intake was assessed using repeated 24-hour dietary records collected during a 2-year period from 4,282 French subjects (2,373 men and 1,909 women), aged 45 to 62 years, who participated in a large prospective study. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Both education level and occupation categories were used as socioeconomic indicators. Logistic regression models were applied to assess factors related to meeting the 5 A Day fruit and vegetable recommendation. Covariance analyses were performed to compare the fruit and vegetable variety scores and the contributions of fruit and vegetables to the total daily diet cost across socioeconomic indicators within each sex. RESULTS Meeting the 5 A Day recommendation was more likely in subjects aged 50 years and older, higher education levels, nonsmokers, moderate alcohol drinkers and in women engaging in regular physical activity. The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for the lower vs higher education level was 0.70 (0.54 to 0.92) in men and 0.65 (0.48 to 0.85) in women. No significant difference was observed between occupation categories. A positive relationship between vegetable variety and education level was found in both sexes. Fruit variety was positively associated with both education and occupation categories, but only in men. The contribution of fruits to the total daily diet cost increased with occupation (P<0.02) and education (P<0.0001) in men, but decreased with occupation in women (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Although cost constraints may explain the lower fruit and vegetable intake in lower socioeconomic groups, the relative influence of budgetary resources, nutrition knowledge, and social and environmental barriers in socioeconomic disparities need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Estaquio
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology, French Institute of Health and Medical Research, Bobigny, France.
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Clément K, Dubern B, Mencarelli M, Czernichow P, Ito S, Wakamatsu K, Barsh GS, Vaisse C, Leger J. Unexpected endocrine features and normal pigmentation in a young adult patient carrying a novel homozygous mutation in the POMC gene. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008; 93:4955-62. [PMID: 18765507 PMCID: PMC2729235 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2008-1164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) is the precursor to five biologically active peptides, including ACTH produced in the anterior pituitary and alpha-MSH produced in the hypothalamus. Mutations that inactivate the POMC gene have been described in children, causing a pleiotropic syndrome that includes secondary hypocortisolism, severe obesity, and variable changes in skin and hair pigmentation. OBJECTIVE We describe a female patient of North African ancestry, homozygous for a frameshift mutation in the POMC gene (6922InsC) that impairs the production of all melanocortin peptides, and that is associated with novel clinical features. Repeated clinical investigations from birth to age 18 yr are presented. RESULT ACTH deficiency was diagnosed at birth. Hyperphagia and obesity became apparent before 2 yr of age and rapidly progressed [body mass index (BMI) Z-score, +7 sd at 2 yr, +9.7 sd at 13 yr; BMI, 50 kg/m(2) at 18 yr). At puberty, the patient developed alterations in the somatotropic, gonadotropic, and thyroid axes necessitating hormonal replacement. Surprisingly, there were no obvious pigmentary features; neither the hair color nor measurements of skin reflectance distinguished between the patient and unaffected family members. However, chemical analysis of hair pigment revealed increased production of both pheomelanin and eumelanin. CONCLUSION Molecular genetic abnormalities of POMC should always be considered in patients with early onset adrenal insufficiency and obesity, even in the presence of normal pigmentation and multiple pituitary hormone anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Clément
- Center of Research on Human Nutrition Ile de France, Paris, 75013, France.
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Abu-Omar K, Rütten A. Relation of leisure time, occupational, domestic, and commuting physical activity to health indicators in Europe. Prev Med 2008; 47:319-23. [PMID: 18455785 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2007] [Revised: 03/16/2008] [Accepted: 03/18/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate relationships between physical activities in different domains (leisure time, occupational, domestic, commuting) and health indicators (self-rated health, body mass index). METHODS The short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and additional questions on domain specific physical activity were submitted face-to-face to 29,193 individual's age 15 years and older in the 27 member states of the Europe Union, 2 affiliated nations (Croatia, Turkey), and Cyprus North in 2005 as part of Eurobarometer 64.3. RESULTS Leisure time physical activity (compared to no leisure time physical activity) was positively associated with self-rated health (males: Odds Ratio (OR)=2.85, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 2.27, 3.58; females: OR=2.77, 95% C.I. 2.16, 3.56) and inversely with obesity (males: OR=0.65, 95% C.I. 0.50, 0.83; females: OR=0.46, 95% C.I. 0.34, 0.63). Being in the highest quartile of the total volume of physical activity expressed using metabolic equivalents (in MET-min/week) (compared to being in the lowest quartile) was not related to self-rated health (males: OR=0.99, 95% C.I. 0.81, 1.21; females: OR=1.19, 95% C.I 0.98, 1.43) or obesity (males: OR=1.25, 95% C.I., 0.99, 1.59; females: OR=1.26, 95% C.I. 1.02, 1.57). Gender-specific effects were observed for other domains of physical activity. Analysis on national levels showed pronounced relationships of leisure time physical activity to health indicators. CONCLUSIONS Domains of physical activity being related to health indicators, they may pertain to surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Abu-Omar
- Institute of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany.
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Kaleta D, Makowiec-Dabrowska T, Jegier A. Occupational And Leisure-Time Energy Expenditure And Body Mass Index. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2007; 20:9-16. [PMID: 17509966 DOI: 10.2478/v10001-007-0009-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Almost all over the world, both high- and low-income countries have been experiencing the obesity epidemic. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between occupational energy expenditure and body mass index (BMI). MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was performed in a randomly selected group of 508 full-time employees, including 272 men (mean age, 42.6 +/- 10.6 years) and 236 women (mean age, 41.5 +/- 9.9 years). Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals as well as to control the effects of occupational workload and BMI. Physical activity was determined by the Seven Day Physical Activity Recall (SDPAR). RESULTS The multifactorial logistic regression analysis did not indicate that weekly energy expenditure on occupational physical activity (kcal/week) was linked with the risk for BMI over 25 (kg/m). But leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) was associated with BMI level in both men and women. In the group of men declaring no energy expenditure on physical activity, the risk for BMI > 25 (kg/m) was significantly higher than among men expending 1000 kcal/week or more on LTPA (adjusted OR = 1.05; 95%CI: 1.03-2.27). Also, among women not taking up any recreational physical activity, the risk of BMI > 25 (kg/m) was higher than in females, reaching a satisfactory level of recreational physical activity (adjusted OR = 2.39; 95%CI: 1.07-7.42). A higher educational attainment and a higher socioeconomic status were also associated with a lower risk of unhealthy body weight in the study participants. CONCLUSIONS Prophylactic schedules associated with management of overweight and obesity should be addressed to all adults, above all to older age groups. Future programs aimed at decreasing the spread of overweight and obesity in adults should consider an improvement in health habits, including leisure-time physical activity and diet as well as socioeconomic factors. Targeted health education interventions should assist in reducing the obesity epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Kaleta
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Medical University of Łódź, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Łódź, Poland.
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Oppert JM, Kettaneh A, Borys JM, Basdevant A, Ducimetière P, Charles MA. The relationships between indicators of physical activity, indicators of sedentary behaviour and adiposity in French adults: the FLVS II study. J Public Health (Oxf) 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-006-0020-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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