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Hong H, Lv J, Deng A, Tang Y, Liu Z. A review of experimental Assessment Processes of material resistance to marine and freshwater biofouling. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 357:120766. [PMID: 38565032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Biofouling presents hazards to a variety of freshwater and marine underwater infrastructures and is one of the direct causes of species invasion. These negative impacts provide a unified goal for both industry practitioners and researchers: the development of novel antifouling materials to prevent the adhesion of biofouling. The prohibition of tributyltin (TBT) by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 2001 propelled the research and development of new antifouling materials. However, the evaluation process and framework for these materials remain incomplete and unsystematic. This mini-review starts with the classification and principles of new antifouling materials, discussing and summarizing the methods for assessing their biofouling resistance. The paper also compiles the relevant regulations and environmental requirements from different countries necessary for developing new antifouling materials with commercial potential. It concludes by highlighting the current challenges in antifouling material development and future outlooks. Systematic evaluation of newly developed antifouling materials can lead to the emergence of more genuinely applicable solutions, transitioning from merely laboratory products to materials that can be effectively used in real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heting Hong
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China; Wuhan Regional Climate Center, Hubei Meteorological Bureau, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Jiawen Lv
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Aijuan Deng
- Wuhan Regional Climate Center, Hubei Meteorological Bureau, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yang Tang
- Wuhan Regional Climate Center, Hubei Meteorological Bureau, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhixiong Liu
- Wuhan Regional Climate Center, Hubei Meteorological Bureau, Wuhan, 430074, China
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2
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Schaefer N, Bishop MJ, Bugnot AB, Herbert B, Hoey AS, Mayer-Pinto M, Sherman CDH, Foster-Thorpe C, Vozzo ML, Dafforn KA. Variable effects of substrate colour and microtexture on sessile marine taxa in Australian estuaries. BIOFOULING 2024; 40:223-234. [PMID: 38526167 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2024.2332710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Concrete infrastructure in coastal waters is increasing. While adding complex habitat and manipulating concrete mixtures to enhance biodiversity have been studied, field investigations of sub-millimetre-scale complexity and substrate colour are lacking. Here, the interacting effects of 'colour' (white, grey, black) and 'microtexture' (smooth, 0.5 mm texture) on colonisation were assessed at three sites in Australia. In Townsville, no effects of colour or microtexture were observed. In Sydney, spirorbid polychaetes occupied more space on smooth than textured tiles, but there was no effect of microtexture on serpulid polychaetes, bryozoans and algae. In Melbourne, barnacles were more abundant on black than white tiles, while serpulid polychaetes showed opposite patterns and ascidians did not vary with treatments. These results suggest that microtexture and colour can facilitate colonisation of some taxa. The context-dependency of the results shows that inclusion of these factors into marine infrastructure designs needs to be carefully considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Schaefer
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Melanie J Bishop
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ana B Bugnot
- CSIRO Environment, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Brett Herbert
- Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Andrew S Hoey
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mariana Mayer-Pinto
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Craig D H Sherman
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cian Foster-Thorpe
- Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | | | - Katherine A Dafforn
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
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3
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Golinia P, Nasrolahi A, Ghazilou A. Temporal variations of biofouling assemblages of a coral reef ecosystem during a monsoon period. BIOFOULING 2023; 39:1004-1014. [PMID: 38240106 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2023.2300141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Coral reefs are highly biodiverse ecosystems, enriched by a range of biofouling species. Temporal variations in biofouling can affect ecosystem stability, but these diverse coral-associated communities remain underexplored in some regions. In the present study, biofouling assemblages of coral reefs in the Chabahar Bay were investigated during a summer monsoon at three deployment periods. In total, 26 taxa were identified with barnacles and polychaetes being the dominant taxa during the whole study. The coverage percentage was driven mostly by the encrusting taxa such as bryozoans and algae while biomass was determined by the dominance of shell-forming taxa. The results of PERMANOVA showed that the effects of the submersion period were significant on the assemblage structure. Biofouling assessment plays a pivotal role in safeguarding the intricate balance and long-term health of coral reef ecosystems. For a comprehensive understanding of biofouling dynamics and interactions with coral-associated species, conducting long-term studies is vital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parissa Golinia
- Department of Animal Sciences and Marine Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Nasrolahi
- Department of Animal Sciences and Marine Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ghazilou
- Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science (INIOAS), Tehran, Iran
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4
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Xavier EA, Almeida ACS, Nogueira MM, Vieira LM. Effects of substratum type and orientation on the recruitment of bryozoans in an artificial area of the Western Atlantic. BIOFOULING 2023; 39:748-762. [PMID: 37791479 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2023.2262928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Bryozoans are commonly associated with various artificial structures in marine environments and have been responsible for several bioinvasion events worldwide. Understanding the interactions between bryozoans and artificial structures is therefore essential to prevent the establishment and spread of potential bioinvaders. This study investigated bryozoan recruitment on four different substrates (PET, nautical ropes, metal, and PVC) placed in three orientations (vertical, horizontal facing down and facing up) in an area of the Western Atlantic. In total, 15 species of bryozoans were found. The results revealed significant variations in assemblages' richness, with bryozoans showing a preference for settling on PVC (14 species found) and on the underside of horizontal substrates (15 species found), resulting in the higher representativity observed in this study. Cryptogenic (nine species) and exotic (five species) bryozoans dominated the assemblages in all treatments, indicating that the type of substrate (especially artificial) and its orientation can favor the settlement of bryozoans, particularly non-native species. Therefore, the availability of multiple types of artificial substrates in marine environments should be treated as a cause for concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Everthon A Xavier
- Laboratório de Estudos de Bryozoa (LAEBry), Departamento de Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Ana C S Almeida
- Laboratório de Estudos de Bryozoa (LAEBry), Departamento de Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - Marcos M Nogueira
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - Leandro M Vieira
- Laboratório de Estudos de Bryozoa (LAEBry), Departamento de Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
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5
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Dobretsov S, Rittschof D. "Omics" Techniques Used in Marine Biofouling Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10518. [PMID: 37445696 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofouling is the growth of organisms on wet surfaces. Biofouling includes micro- (bacteria and unicellular algae) and macrofouling (mussels, barnacles, tube worms, bryozoans, etc.) and is a major problem for industries. However, the settlement and growth of some biofouling species, like oysters and corals, can be desirable. Thus, it is important to understand the process of biofouling in detail. Modern "omic" techniques, such as metabolomics, metagenomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, provide unique opportunities to study biofouling organisms and communities and investigate their metabolites and environmental interactions. In this review, we analyze the recent publications that employ metagenomic, metabolomic, and proteomic techniques for the investigation of biofouling and biofouling organisms. Specific emphasis is given to metagenomics, proteomics and publications using combinations of different "omics" techniques. Finally, this review presents the future outlook for the use of "omics" techniques in marine biofouling studies. Like all trans-disciplinary research, environmental "omics" is in its infancy and will advance rapidly as researchers develop the necessary expertise, theory, and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Dobretsov
- Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoud 123, Muscat P.O. Box 34, Oman
| | - Daniel Rittschof
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA
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Schaefer N, Sedano F, Bishop MJ, Dunn K, Haeusler MH, Yu KD, Zavoleas Y, Dafforn KA. Facilitation of non-indigenous ascidian by marine eco-engineering interventions at an urban site. BIOFOULING 2023; 39:80-93. [PMID: 36912169 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2023.2186785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Marine artificial structures often support lower native species diversity and more non-indigenous species (NIS), but adding complex habitat and using bioreceptive materials have the potential to mitigate these impacts. Here, the interacting effects of structural complexity (flat, complex with pits) and concrete mixture (standard, or with oyster shell or vermiculite aggregate) on recruitment were assessed at two intertidal levels at an urban site. Complex tiles had less green algal cover, oyster shell mixtures had less brown (Ralfsia sp.) algal cover. At a low tidal elevation, the non-indigenous ascidian Styela plicata dominated complex tiles. Additionally, mixtures with oyster shell supported higher total cover of sessile species, and a higher cover of S. plicata. There were no effects of complexity or mixture on biofilm communities and native and NIS richness. Overall, these results suggest that habitat complexity and some bioreceptive materials may facilitate colonisation by a dominant invertebrate invader on artificial structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Schaefer
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Francisco Sedano
- Laboratorio de Biología Marina, Departamento de Zoología, Universidad de Sevilla, Facultad de Biología, Sevilla, España
| | - Melanie J Bishop
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kate Dunn
- Computational Design, School of Built Environment, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Hank Haeusler
- Computational Design, School of Built Environment, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - K Daniel Yu
- Computational Design, School of Built Environment, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yannis Zavoleas
- Computational Design, School of Built Environment, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Architecture, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Katherine A Dafforn
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
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Grzegorczyk M, Pogorzelski S, Janowicz P, Boniewicz-Szmyt K, Rochowski P. Micron-Scale Biogeography of Seawater Biofilm Colonies at Submersed Solid Substrata Affected by Organic Matter and Microbiome Transformation in the Baltic Sea. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6351. [PMID: 36143678 PMCID: PMC9501339 DOI: 10.3390/ma15186351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to determine temporal and spatial evolution of biofilm architecture formed at model solid substrata submersed in Baltic sea coastal waters in relation to organic matter transformation along a one-year period. Several materials (metals, glass, plastics) were deployed for a certain time, and the collected biofilm-covered samples were studied with a confocal microscopy technique using the advanced programs of image analysis. The geometric and structural biofilm characteristics: biovolume, coverage fraction, mean thickness, spatial heterogeneity, roughness, aggregation coefficient, etc., turned out to evolve in relation to organic matter transformation trends, trophic water status, microbiome evolution, and biofilm micro-colony transition from the heterotrophic community (mostly bacteria) to autotrophic (diatom-dominated) systems. The biofilm morphology parameters allowed the substratum roughness, surface wettability, chromatic organisms colony adaptation to substrata, and quorum sensing or cell to cell signaling effects to be quantitatively evaluated. In addition to the previous work, the structural biofilm parameters could become further novel trophic state indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Grzegorczyk
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 57, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
- MGE, Lipowa 7, 82-103 Stegna, Poland
| | - Stanislaw Pogorzelski
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 57, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paulina Janowicz
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 57, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Pawel Rochowski
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 57, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
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8
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Nall CR, Schläppy ML, Cottier-Cook EJ, Guerin AJ. Influence of coating type, colour, and deployment timing on biofouling by native and non-native species in a marine renewable energy context. BIOFOULING 2022; 38:729-745. [PMID: 36100232 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2022.2121209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biofouling on marine renewable energy devices presents engineering challenges for this developing sector, and has implications for the spread of marine non-native species (NNS) in coastal waters. This is particularly true at sites with abundant energy resource, little existing infrastructure, and few established NNS. Device coatings, such as antifouling paints, could reduce the risk of NNS spread. Settlement on coatings of various types and colours, representing those likely to be used on renewable energy devices, was assessed in the Orkney Islands, northern Scotland. Assemblage composition, but not overall biofouling cover, varied initially among different coloured surfaces, although differences decreased over time. Different coating types (an anticorrosive paint, a biocidal paint and a fouling-release coating) differed in biofouling abundance and composition for the full duration of the experiment. NNS were mostly, but not completely, absent from antifouling surfaces. These results can help informing antifouling strategies for the marine renewable energy industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Nall
- Environmental Research Institute, University of Highlands and Islands, Thurso, UK
| | - Marie-Lise Schläppy
- Environmental Research Institute, University of Highlands and Islands, Thurso, UK
| | - Elizabeth J Cottier-Cook
- Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS), Scottish Marine Institute, Argyll, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Guerin
- Environmental Research Institute, University of Highlands and Islands, Thurso, UK
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9
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Dodds KC, Schaefer N, Bishop MJ, Nakagawa S, Brooks PR, Knights AM, Strain EMA. Material type influences the abundance but not richness of colonising organisms on marine structures. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 307:114549. [PMID: 35092888 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Urbanisation of coastal areas and growth in the blue economy drive the proliferation of artificial structures in marine environments. These structures support distinct ecological communities compared to natural hard substrates, potentially reflecting differences in the materials from which they are constructed. We undertook a meta-analysis of 46 studies to compare the effects of different material types (natural or eco-friendly vs. artificial) on the colonising biota on built structures. Neither the abundance nor richness of colonists displayed consistent patterns of difference between artificial and natural substrates or between eco-friendly and standard concrete. Instead, there were differences in the abundance of organisms (but not richness) between artificial and natural materials, that varied according to material type and by functional group. When compared to biogenic materials and rock, polymer and metal supported significantly lower abundances of total benthic species (in studies assessing sessile and mobile species together), sessile invertebrates and corals (in studies assessing these groups individually). In contrast, non-indigenous species were significantly more abundant on wood than metal. Concrete supported greater abundances of the general community, including habitat-forming species, compared to wood. Our results suggest that the ecological requirements of the biological community, alongside economic, logistic and engineering factors should be considered in material selection for multifunctional marine structures that deliver both engineering and ecological (enhanced abundance and diversity) benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate C Dodds
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, 2109, Australia.
| | - Nina Schaefer
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Building 19 Chowder Bay Road, Mosman, New South Wales, 2088, Australia; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Melanie J Bishop
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Shinichi Nakagawa
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Paul R Brooks
- Earth Institute & School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Antony M Knights
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom
| | - Elisabeth M A Strain
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, 7001, Australia; Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7053, Australia
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10
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Waterborne Antifouling Paints Containing Nanometric Copper and Silver against Marine Bacillus Species. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2022; 2022:2435756. [PMID: 35211162 PMCID: PMC8863476 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2435756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the concern to find an alternative to reduce the colonization (microfouling and macrofouling) or the biocorrosion of surfaces submerged for long periods in water, we evaluated the antifouling activity of a commercial paint added with silver nanoparticles (AgNP's) and copper nanoparticles (CuNP's), beside copper-soybean chelate, by electrolytic synthesis, using them in low concentrations (6.94E − 04 mg Ag g−1 paint, 9.07E − 03 mg Cu g−1 paint, and 1.14E − 02 mg Cu g−1 paint, respectively). The test for paint samples was carried out by JIS Z2801-ISO 22196 for periods of initial time, 6 months, and 12 months, against three bacterial strains of marine origin, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus, and Bacillus altitudinis. It was possible to demonstrate, according to the standard, that the sample with the greatest antimicrobial activity was the copper-soybean chelate against two of the three strains studied (B. pumilus with R = 2.11 and B. subtilis with R = 2.41), which represents more than 99% of bacterial inhibition. Therefore, we considered a novel option for inhibiting bacterial growth with nanoparticles as antifouling additives.
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11
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Chee SY, Yee JC, Cheah CB, Evans AJ, Firth LB, Hawkins SJ, Strain EMA. Habitat Complexity Affects the Structure but Not the Diversity of Sessile Communities on Tropical Coastal Infrastructure. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.673227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing human population, urbanisation, and climate change have resulted in the proliferation of hard coastal infrastructure such as seawalls and breakwaters. There is increasing impetus to create multifunctional coastal defence structures with the primary function of protecting people and property in addition to providing habitat for marine organisms through eco-engineering - a nature-based solutions approach. In this study, the independent and synergistic effects of physical complexity and seeding with native oysters in promoting diversity and abundances of sessile organisms were assessed at two locations on Penang Island, Malaysia. Concrete tiles with varying physical and biological complexity (flat, 2.5 cm ridges and crevices, and 5 cm ridges and crevices that were seeded or unseeded with oysters) were deployed and monitored over 12 months. The survival of the seeded oysters was not correlated with physical complexity. The addition of physical and biological complexity interacted to promote distinct community assemblages, but did not consistently increase the richness, diversity, or abundances of sessile organisms through time. These results indicate that complexity, whether physical or biological, is only one of many influences on biodiversity on coastal infrastructure. Eco-engineering interventions that have been reported to be effective in other regions may not work as effectively in others due to the highly dynamic conditions in coastal environment. Thus, it is important that other factors such as the local species pools, environmental setting (e.g., wave action), biological factors (e.g., predators), and anthropogenic stressors (e.g., pollution) should also be considered when designing habitat enhancements. Such factors acting individually or synergistically could potentially affect the outcomes of any planned eco-engineering interventions.
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12
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Pinheiro LM, Carvalho IV, Agostini VO, Martinez-Souza G, Galloway TS, Pinho GLL. Litter contamination at a salt marsh: An ecological niche for biofouling in South Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117647. [PMID: 34380228 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The presence of solid litter and its consequences for coastal ecosystems is now being investigated around the world. Different types of material can be discarded in areas such as salt marshes, and various fouling organisms can associate with such items forming the Plastisphere. This study investigated the distribution of solid litter along zones (dry, middle, flooded) of a salt marsh environment in the Patos Lagoon Estuary (South Brazil) and the association of biofouling organisms with these items. Solid litter quantities were significantly higher in the dry zone when compared to the middle and flooded zones, showing an accumulation area where the water rarely reaches. Most items were made of plastic, as shown for many other coastal areas, and originated from food packaging, fishery and shipping activities and personal use. Although not statistically significant, there was a tendency of increased biofouling towards the flooded zone. Thirteen groups were found in association with solid litter items, mainly algae, amphipods, and gastropods. The preference for salt marsh zones, types of material and items' colour was highly variable among groups of organisms, which can be related to their varied physiological requirements. In summary, significant plastic contamination of salt marshes of the Patos Lagoon was associated with a heterogeneous distribution of fouling communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara M Pinheiro
- Laboratório de Microcontaminantes Orgânicos e Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Instituto de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália, Km 8, Carreiros, CEP: 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Oceanologia (PPGO), Brazil; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, EX4 4QD, United Kingdom.
| | - Isadora V Carvalho
- Laboratório de Microcontaminantes Orgânicos e Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Instituto de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália, Km 8, Carreiros, CEP: 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Vanessa O Agostini
- Laboratório de Microcontaminantes Orgânicos e Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Instituto de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália, Km 8, Carreiros, CEP: 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Programa Nacional de Pós-Doutorado da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (PNPD-CAPES/PPGO), Brazil
| | - Gustavo Martinez-Souza
- Instituto de Matemática, Estatística e Física da Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália, Km 8, Carreiros, CEP: 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Tamara S Galloway
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Grasiela L L Pinho
- Laboratório de Microcontaminantes Orgânicos e Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Instituto de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália, Km 8, Carreiros, CEP: 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
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13
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Sanmartín P, Miller AZ, Prieto B, Viles HA. Revisiting and reanalysing the concept of bioreceptivity 25 years on. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 770:145314. [PMID: 33736404 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
2020 marks 25 years since Olivier Guillitte defined the term 'bioreceptivity', to describe the ability of a building material to be colonised by living organisms. Although Guillitte noted in his 1995 paper that several issues required further investigation, to the best of our knowledge the bioreceptivity concept has not been restated, reviewed, reanalysed or updated since then. The present paper provides an opinionated exposition of the status and utility of the bioreceptivity concept for built heritage science and conservation in the light of current knowledge, aimed to stimulate further discussion. A bibliometric analysis highlights the key dimensions of the past 25 years of published research, showing that the term bioreceptivity has been widely used in the field of built cultural heritage. In our reanalysis of the concept, special attention is devoted to the six types of bioreceptivity (primary, secondary, tertiary, intrinsic, extrinsic and semi-extrinsic) articulated by Guillitte in 1995. We propose that field-based studies of bioreceptivity are urgently needed, and that the intrinsic, extrinsic and semi-extrinsic types of bioreceptivity should be dropped, and a new category (quaternary bioreceptivity) added. Additionally, we propose that bioreceptivity in submerged and subsoil environments should also be considered. Bioreceptivity remains an important concept for managing both new build and built heritage, as it provides the key to understanding the drivers and patterns of biological colonisation of building materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sanmartín
- School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK; Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - A Z Miller
- Laboratório HERCULES, Universidade de Évora, Largo Marquês de Marialva 8, Évora 7000-676, Portugal; IRNAS-CSIC, Av. Reina Mercedes 10, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - B Prieto
- Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - H A Viles
- School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK
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14
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Chitosan Nanocomposite Coatings Containing Chemically Resistant ZnO-SnO x Core-shell Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Antifouling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094513. [PMID: 33925962 PMCID: PMC8123458 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional nanocomposites with biopolymers and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles is an emerging application of photocatalysis in antifouling coatings. The reduced chemical stability of ZnO in the acidic media in which chitosan is soluble affects the performance of chitosan nanocomposites in antifouling applications. In this study, a thin shell of amorphous tin dioxide (SnOx) was grown on the surface of ZnO to form ZnO–SnOx core–shell nanoparticles that improved the chemical stability of the photocatalyst nanoparticles, as examined at pH 3 and 6. The photocatalytic activity of ZnO–SnOx in the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under visible light showed a higher efficiency than that of ZnO nanoparticles due to the passivation of electronic defects. Chitosan-based antifouling coatings with varying percentages of ZnO or ZnO–SnOx nanoparticles, with or without the glutaraldehyde (GA) crosslinking of chitosan, were developed and studied. The incorporation of photocatalysts into the chitosan matrix enhanced the thermal stability of the coatings. Through a mesocosm study using running natural seawater, it was found that chitosan/ZnO–SnOx/GA coatings enabled better inhibition of bacterial growth compared to chitosan coatings alone. This study demonstrates the antifouling potential of chitosan nanocomposite coatings containing core–shell nanoparticles as an effective solution for the prevention of biofouling.
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15
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Guo Z, Wang L, Cong W, Jiang Z, Liang Z. Comparative Analysis of the Ecological Succession of Microbial Communities on Two Artificial Reef Materials. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9010120. [PMID: 33419197 PMCID: PMC7825563 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Concrete and wood are commonly used to manufacture artificial reefs (ARs) worldwide for marine resource enhancement and habitat restoration. Although microbial biofilms play an important role in marine ecosystems, the microbial communities that colonize concrete and wooden ARs and their temporal succession have rarely been studied. In this study, the temporal succession of the microbial communities on concrete and wooden AR blocks and the driving factors were investigated. The composition of the microbial communities underwent successive shifts over time: among the six dominant phyla, the relative abundances of Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Gracilibacteria significantly decreased in wood, as did that of Cyanobacteria in concrete. Operational taxonomic units (OTU) richness and Shannon index were significantly higher in concrete than in wood. Non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination placed the microbial communities in two distinct clusters corresponding to the two substrate materials. The macrobenthic compositions of concrete and wood were broadly similar and shifted over time, especially in the first five weeks. The Shannon index of the microbial communities in concrete and wood increased significantly with the organism coverage. The results provide fundamental data on microbial community succession during the initial deployment of ARs and contribute to understanding the ecological effects of ARs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhaoyang Jiang
- Correspondence: (Z.J.); (Z.L.); Tel.: +86-0631-568-8511 (Z.L.)
| | - Zhenlin Liang
- Correspondence: (Z.J.); (Z.L.); Tel.: +86-0631-568-8511 (Z.L.)
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16
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Interactive effects of light and substrate colour on the recruitment of marine invertebrates on artificial materials. COMMUNITY ECOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42974-020-00037-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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17
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Airoldi L, Beck MW, Firth LB, Bugnot AB, Steinberg PD, Dafforn KA. Emerging Solutions to Return Nature to the Urban Ocean. ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE 2021; 13:445-477. [PMID: 32867567 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-032020-020015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Urban and periurban ocean developments impact 1.5% of the global exclusive economic zones, and the demand for ocean space and resources is increasing. As we strive for a more sustainable future, it is imperative that we better design, manage, and conserve urban ocean spaces for both humans and nature. We identify three key objectives for more sustainable urban oceans: reduction of urban pressures, protection and restoration of ocean ecosystems, and support of critical ecosystem services. We describe an array of emerging evidence-based approaches, including greening grayinfrastructure, restoring habitats, and developing biotechnologies. We then explore new economic instruments and incentives for supporting these new approaches and evaluate their feasibility in delivering these objectives. Several of these tools have the potential to help bring nature back to the urban ocean while also addressing some of the critical needs of urban societies, such as climate adaptation, seafood production, clean water, and recreation, providing both human and environmental benefits in some of our most impacted ocean spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Airoldi
- Department of Biology, Chioggia Hydrobiological Station Umberto D'Ancona, University of Padova, 30015 Chioggia, Italy;
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Center for Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, UO CoNISMa, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Michael W Beck
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95060, USA;
| | - Louise B Firth
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, United Kingdom;
| | - Ana B Bugnot
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia;
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, New South Wales 2088, Australia
| | - Peter D Steinberg
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, New South Wales 2088, Australia
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation and School of Biological, Earth, and Environmental Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia;
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551
| | - Katherine A Dafforn
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales 2109, Australia;
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18
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Sanmartín P, Grove R, Carballeira R, Viles H. Impact of colour on the bioreceptivity of granite to the green alga Apatococcus lobatus: Laboratory and field testing. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 745:141179. [PMID: 32758748 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent work has demonstrated that surface colour affects the formation of cyanobacterial subaerial biofilms on polycarbonate coupons and, in turn, influences their bioreceptivity. To explore whether colour is important on other substrates, the influence of colour on the primary bioreceptivity of granite to the terrestrial green alga Apatococcus lobatus (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta) has been assessed. Two granitoids (Grissal and Rosa Porriño) with the same texture, and very similar chemical composition, open porosity and surface roughness, but different coloration related to feldspars (i.e. greyish and reddish) were used to conduct bioreceptivity studies in parallel field and laboratory tests. Light microscopy, colour spectrophotometry, PAM fluorometry, and optical profilometry were used to evaluate colonisation and its impacts. Short-term results (after 7 and 10 weeks of colonisation by a mono-species biofilm) from both lab and field trials, showed significantly more algae growth on reddish granite (Rosa Porriño) than on greyish granite (Grissal). Also, optical profilometry and light microscopy demonstrated that on both granites algal aggregates developed in hollows. We attribute the roughly double levels of A. lobatus growth on reddish vs greyish granite to differences in the amount of radiant energy absorbed and the higher levels of red wavelength light (known to encourage algal growth) reflected from the reddish surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Sanmartín
- School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK; Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Richard Grove
- School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK
| | - Rafael Carballeira
- Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Heather Viles
- School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK
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19
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Yeginbayeva IA, Atlar M, Turkmen S, Chen H. Effects of 'in-service' conditions - mimicked hull roughness ranges and biofilms - on the surface and the hydrodynamic characteristics of foul-release type coatings. BIOFOULING 2020; 36:1074-1089. [PMID: 33291985 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2020.1855330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To develop a better understanding of 'in-service' performance of modern marine coatings, this study explored the combined effects of different roughness ranges of foul-release coating (FRC) and light biofouling (slime) on the surface, boundary layer and drag characteristics under a range of 'in-service' conditions. Natural and laboratory biofilms were grown dynamically on FRC panels by exposing panels in facilities dedicated to realistic fouling culture. The boundary layer experiments were conducted in a circulating water tunnel. Boundary layer similarity-law scaling was used to predict the combined effects of coating roughness and biofilms on the added frictional resistance (% ΔCF) and added required effective power (%ΔPE ) for a benchmark KRISO container ship (KCS) and a bulk carrier. The increase in %ΔPE due to the presence of biofilms on commercial FRC is estimated to be between 7% and 16% depending on the biofilm type, biofilm thickness and percentage coverage. Significant increases in effective power are estimated for non-fouling control primers with heavy fouling. Moreover, the paper suggests updated roughness allowances ( ΔCF ) for two vessel types assuming FRCs on their hulls with more representative hull roughness ranges and fluffy biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A Yeginbayeva
- Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences (M2), Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M Atlar
- Department of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Marine Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - S Turkmen
- School of Engineering, Marine, Offshore and Subsea Technology Group, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - H Chen
- International Paint Singapore Pte Ltd, Singapore, Singapore
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20
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Alemán-Vega M, Sánchez-Lozano I, Hernández-Guerrero CJ, Hellio C, Quintana ET. Exploring Antifouling Activity of Biosurfactants Producing Marine Bacteria Isolated from Gulf of California. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6068. [PMID: 32842499 PMCID: PMC7504147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofouling causes major problems and economic losses to marine and shipping industries. In the search for new antifouling agents, marine bacteria with biosurfactants production capability can be an excellent option, due to the amphipathic surface-active characteristic that confers antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifouling activity of biosurfactants producing marine bacteria from the Gulf of California. The cell free culture supernatant (CFCS) of Bacillus niabensis (S-69), Ralstonia sp. (S-74) (isolated from marine sediment) and of B. niabensis (My-30) (bacteria associated to the sponge Mycale ramulosa) were screened for production of biosurfactants (using hemolysis and drop collapse test, oil displacement and emulsifying activity). The toxicity and antifouling activity were evaluated against biofoulers (bacteria forming biofilm and macrofoulers) both in laboratory and field assays. The results indicate that all bacteria were biosurfactant producers, but the higher capability was shown by B. niabensis (My-30) with high emulsifying properties (E24) of 71%. The CFCS showed moderate toxicity but were considered non-toxic against Artemia franciscana at low concentrations. In the antifouling assay, the CFCS of both strains of B. niabensis showed the best results for the reduction of the biofilm formation (up 50%) against all Gram-positive bacteria and most Gram-negative bacteria with low concentrations. In the field assay, the CFCS of B. niabensis (My-30) led to the reduction of 30% of biofouling compared to the control. The results indicate that the biosurfactant produced by B. niabensis (My-30) has promising antifouling activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monserrat Alemán-Vega
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional S/N. Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita, 23096 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico; (M.A.-V.); (I.S.-L.)
| | - Ilse Sánchez-Lozano
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional S/N. Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita, 23096 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico; (M.A.-V.); (I.S.-L.)
| | - Claudia J. Hernández-Guerrero
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional S/N. Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita, 23096 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico; (M.A.-V.); (I.S.-L.)
| | - Claire Hellio
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Erika T. Quintana
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomás, Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, C.P. 11340 Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico;
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21
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Antunes JT, Sousa AGG, Azevedo J, Rego A, Leão PN, Vasconcelos V. Distinct Temporal Succession of Bacterial Communities in Early Marine Biofilms in a Portuguese Atlantic Port. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1938. [PMID: 32849482 PMCID: PMC7432428 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine biofilms are known to influence the corrosion of metal surfaces in the marine environment. Despite some recent research, the succession of bacterial communities colonizing artificial surfaces remains uncharacterized in some temporal settings. More specifically, it is not fully known if bacterial colonizers of artificial surfaces are similar or distinct in the different seasons of the year. In particular the study of early biofilms, in which the bacterial cells communities first adhere to artificial surfaces, are crucial for the development of the subsequent biofilm communities. In this work, we used amplicon-based NGS (next-generation sequencing) and universal 16S rRNA bacterial primers to characterize the early biofilm bacterial communities growing on 316 L stainless steel surfaces in a Northern Portugal port. Sampling spanned 30-day periods in two distinct seasons (spring and winter). Biofilm communities growing in steel surfaces covered with an anti-corrosion paint and planktonic communities from the same location were also characterized. Our results demonstrated that distinct temporal patterns were observed in the sampled seasons. Specifically, a significantly higher abundance of Gammaproteobacteria and Mollicutes was found on the first days of biofilm growth in spring (day 1 to day 4) and a higher abundance of Alphaproteobacteria during the same days of biofilm growth in winter. In the last sampled day (day 30), the spring biofilms significantly shifted toward a dominance of photoautotrophic groups (mostly diatoms) and were also colonized by some macrofouling communities, something not observed during the winter sampling. Our results revealed that bacterial composition in the biofilms was particularly affected by the sampled day of the specific season, more so than the overall effect of the season or overall sampling day of both seasons. Additionally, the application of a non-fouling-release anti-corrosion paint in the steel plates resulted in a significantly lower diversity compared with plates without paint, but this was only observed during spring. We suggest that temporal succession of marine biofilm communities should be taken in consideration for future antifouling/anti-biofilm applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge T. Antunes
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - António G. G. Sousa
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Joana Azevedo
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Adriana Rego
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro N. Leão
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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22
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Sedano F, Navarro-Barranco C, Guerra-García JM, Espinosa F. Understanding the effects of coastal defence structures on marine biota: The role of substrate composition and roughness in structuring sessile, macro- and meiofaunal communities. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 157:111334. [PMID: 32658698 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The increasing deployment of artificial structures into the marine environment is creating new hard substrates that differ from natural ones in physical and biological aspects. However, studies of macrofaunal and meiofaunal communities associated with artificial structures are very limited. Seawalls, cubes, acropods and rip-raps in Algeciras Bay (southern Spain) were each compared with the nearest natural hard substrate and their community structure was related to substrate roughness, composition, carbonates content, crystallinity and age, using db-RDA. The results showed clear differences between substrates for the three community levels (sessile, macro- and meiofauna). Overall, rip-raps were the most similar to natural substrates. Under similar environmental conditions, substrate roughness, composition (only for sessile) and age of the structures seemed to play important roles in structuring those communities. They especially affected the sessile community, initiating strong cascading effects that were detectable at high taxonomic level in the associated fauna.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sedano
- Laboratorio de Biología Marina, Departamento de Zoología, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain.
| | - C Navarro-Barranco
- Laboratorio de Biología Marina, Departamento de Zoología, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
| | - J M Guerra-García
- Laboratorio de Biología Marina, Departamento de Zoología, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
| | - F Espinosa
- Laboratorio de Biología Marina, Departamento de Zoología, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
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23
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Marine Biofouling: A European Database for the Marine Renewable Energy Sector. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse8070495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Biofouling is a major problem shared among all maritime sectors employing submerged structures where it leads to substantially increased costs and lowered operational lifespans if poorly addressed. Insight into the ongoing processes at the relevant marine locations is key to effective management of biofouling. Of specific concern for the marine renewable energy (MRE) sector is the fact that information on biofouling composition and magnitude across geographies is dispersed throughout published papers and consulting reports. To enable rapid access to relevant key biofouling events the present work describes a European biofouling database to support the MRE sector and other maritime industries. The database compiles in one document qualitative and quantitative data for challenging biofouling groups, including non-native species associated with MRE and related marine equipment, in different European Ecoregions. It provides information on the occurrence of fouling species and data on key biofouling parameters, such as biofouling thickness and weight. The database aims to aid the MRE sector and offshore industries in understanding which biofouling communities their devices are more susceptible to at a given site, to facilitate informed decisions. In addition, the biofouling mapping is useful for the development of biosecurity risk management plans as well as academic research.
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24
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Microbial Colonization in Marine Environments: Overview of Current Knowledge and Emerging Research Topics. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse8020078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Microbial biofilms are biological structures composed of surface-attached microbial communities embedded in an extracellular polymeric matrix. In aquatic environments, the microbial colonization of submerged surfaces is a complex process involving several factors, related to both environmental conditions and to the physical-chemical nature of the substrates. Several studies have addressed this issue; however, more research is still needed on microbial biofilms in marine ecosystems. After a brief report on environmental drivers of biofilm formation, this study reviews current knowledge of microbial community attached to artificial substrates, as obtained by experiments performed on several material types deployed in temperate and extreme polar marine ecosystems. Depending on the substrate, different microbial communities were found, sometimes highlighting the occurrence of species-specificity. Future research challenges and concluding remarks are also considered. Emphasis is given to future perspectives in biofilm studies and their potential applications, related to biofouling prevention (such as cell-to-cell communication by quorum sensing or improved knowledge of drivers/signals affecting biological settlement) as well as to the potential use of microbial biofilms as sentinels of environmental changes and new candidates for bioremediation purposes.
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25
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Abed RMM, Muthukrishnan T, Al Khaburi M, Al-Senafi F, Munam A, Mahmoud H. Degradability and biofouling of oxo-biodegradable polyethylene in the planktonic and benthic zones of the Arabian Gulf. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 150:110639. [PMID: 31706724 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the degradability of oxo-biodegradable polyethylene (OXO-PE) and its surface fouling bacterial communities in the marine environment. The degradation of OXO-PE, PE and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was compared at two depths (2 m and 6 m) in the Arabian Gulf. Scanning electron microcopy (SEM) revealed more fissure formation on OXO-PE and PE than on PET, indicating physical degradation. The formation of hydroxyl groups and carbonyl bonds, by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), suggests chemical degradation of OXO-PE. Plastisphere bacterial communities on OXO-PE and PE were different than on PET. Proteobacteria, Bacteriodetes and Planctomycetes were detected on all plastics, however, sequences of Alteromonas and Zoogloea were OXO-PE-specific suggesting a possible involvement of these bacterial genera in OXO-PE degradation. We conclude that OXO-PE shows increased signs of degradation with time owing to the combination of abiotic and biotic processes, and its degradation is higher in the benthic than in the planktonic zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raeid M M Abed
- Biology Department, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P. O. Box: 36, PC 123, Al Khoud, Sultanate of Oman.
| | - Thirumahal Muthukrishnan
- Biology Department, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P. O. Box: 36, PC 123, Al Khoud, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Maryam Al Khaburi
- Biology Department, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P. O. Box: 36, PC 123, Al Khoud, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Fahad Al-Senafi
- Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Abdul Munam
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P. O. Box: 36, PC 123, Al Khoud, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Huda Mahmoud
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat, Kuwait
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26
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Sreelekshmy BR, Vijayan A, Basheer R, Arunima SR, Ameen Sha M, Riyas AH, Bhagya TC, Manu MN, Shibli SMA. Zn Wetted CeO 2 Based Composite Galvanization: An Effective Route To Combat Biofouling. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:3774-3789. [PMID: 35021351 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present paper reports for the first time the development and application of novel Zn wetted CeO2 (Zn/CeO2) composite galvanic zinc coating to combat microbial induced corrosion (MIC). Zinc metal-metal interaction causes the effective incorporation of composite into the galvanic coating and accordingly increases the active sites for antibiofouling activity. The developed coatings are explored for their anticorrosion/antibiofouling characteristics toward MIC induced by cultured seawater consortia. Enhanced antibiofouling activity of the composite galvanic coating is achieved due to the tuned content of 28 wt % Zn and 34 wt % of Ce. High charge transfer resistance as high as 4.0 × 1014 Ω cm2 and low double layer capacitance as low as 3.99 × 10-8 F are achieved by tuning the structure and composition of the coating. The synergistic effect of Zn and Ce ensures the stability and corrosion resistance of the coatings in a corrosive bacterial environment. Evident decreases in the bacterial attachment and biofilm formation are illustrated using antibiofouling assay. The antibiofouling activity is attributed to the effective reduction of Ce4+ to Ce3+ and the shuttling characteristics of oxidation state of CeO2. This impairs the cellular respiration and results in bacterial death. Thus, it can be used as an effective coating to protect the steel based equipment in corrosive marine environments to combat marine microorganisms and their interactions. The present study also paves the scope for exploration of similar effective protective systems.
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Abed RMM, Al Fahdi D, Muthukrishnan T. Short-term succession of marine microbial fouling communities and the identification of primary and secondary colonizers. BIOFOULING 2019; 35:526-540. [PMID: 31216872 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2019.1622004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Microbial succession during the initial stages of marine biofouling has been rarely studied, especially in the Arabian Gulf. This study was undertaken to follow temporal shifts in biofouling communities in order to identify primary and secondary colonizers. Quantitative analysis revealed a significant increase in total biomass, coverage of macrofoulers, chlorophyll a concentrations, and bacterial counts with time. The relative abundance of the adnate diatoms increased with time, whereas it decreased in the case of the plocon diatoms. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination based on MiSeq data placed the bacterial communities in three distinct clusters, depending on the time of sampling. While the relative abundance of Alphaproteobacteria and Flavobacteriia decreased with time, suggesting their role as primary colonizers, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Planctomycetia increased with time, suggesting their role as secondary colonizers. Biofouling is a dynamic process that involves temporal quantitative and qualitative shifts in the micro- and macrofouling communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raeid M M Abed
- Biology Department, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University , Al Khoud , Sultanate of Oman
| | - Dhikra Al Fahdi
- Biology Department, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University , Al Khoud , Sultanate of Oman
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Liang X, Peng LH, Zhang S, Zhou S, Yoshida A, Osatomi K, Bellou N, Guo XP, Dobretsov S, Yang JL. Polyurethane, epoxy resin and polydimethylsiloxane altered biofilm formation and mussel settlement. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 218:599-608. [PMID: 30502698 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In many environments, biofilms are a major mode and an emergent form of microbial life. Biofilms play crucial roles in biogeochemical cycling and invertebrate recruitment in marine environments. However, relatively little is known about how marine biofilms form on different substrata and about how these biofilms impact invertebrate recruitment. Here, we performed a comparative analysis of a 28-day-old biofilm community on non-coated (a control glass) and coated substrata (polyurethane (PU), epoxy resin (EP) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)) and examined the settlement of Mytilus coruscus plantigrades on these biofilms. PU, EP and PDMS deterred the development of marine biofilms by reducing the biofilm biomass including the biofilm dry weight, cell density of the bacteria and diatoms and chlorophyll a concentrations. Further analysis of bacterial community revealed that EP altered the bacterial community composition compared with that on the glass substrata by reducing the relative abundance of Ruegeria (Alphaproteobacteria) and by increasing the relative abundance of Methylotenera (Betaproteobacteria) and Cyanobacteria in the biofilms. However, bacterial communities developed on PU and PDMS, as well as glass and PU, EP and PDMS did not exhibit differences from each other. The M. coruscus settlement rates on biofilms on PU, EP and PDMS were reduced by 20-41% compared with those on the glass after 28 days. Thus, the tested coatings impacted the development of marine biofilms by altering the biofilm biomass and/or the bacterial community composition. The mussel settlements decreased in the biofilms that formed on the coatings compared with those on non-coated glass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Hua Peng
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuxue Zhou
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Advanced Coatings Research Center of Ministry of Education of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Asami Yoshida
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Osatomi
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Nikoleta Bellou
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Oceanography, Athens, Greece
| | - Xing-Pan Guo
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Sergey Dobretsov
- Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman; Center of Excellence in Marine Biotechnology, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
| | - Jin-Long Yang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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Differential Colonization Dynamics of Marine Biofilm-Forming Eukaryotic Microbes on Different Protective Coating Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11010161. [PMID: 30960145 PMCID: PMC6401773 DOI: 10.3390/polym11010161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the actual anti-biofouling (AF) efficacy of three protective coatings, including a chlorinated rubber-based coating (C₀) and two polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based coatings (P₀ and PF), were estimated via the static field exposure assays. The surface properties of these protective coatings, including surface wettability and morphology features, were characterized using the static water contact angle (WCA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The colonization and succession dynamics of the early-adherent biofilm-forming eukaryotic microbial communities occupied on these protective coatings were explored using the Single-stranded Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) technique. The field data clearly revealed that coating P₀ and PF performed better in the long-term static submergence, as compared with the C₀ surface, while coating PF showed excellent AF efficacy in the field. Fingerprinting analysis suggested that the diversity, abundance, the clustering patterns, and colonization dynamics of the early-colonized eukaryotic microbes were significantly perturbed by these protective coatings, particularly by the PF surfaces. These differential AF efficacy and perturbation effects would be largely ascribed to the differences in the wettability and surface nanostructures between the C₀, P₀ and PF surfaces, as evidenced by WCA and SEM analysis.
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Dobretsov S, Abed RMM, Muthukrishnan T, Sathe P, Al-Naamani L, Queste BY, Piontkovski S. Living on the edge: biofilms developing in oscillating environmental conditions. BIOFOULING 2018; 34:1064-1077. [PMID: 30621450 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2018.1539707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, the densities and diversity of microorganisms developed on ocean gliders were investigated using flow cytometry and Illumina MiSeq sequencing of 16S and 18S rRNA genes. Ocean gliders are autonomous buoyancy-driven underwater vehicles, equipped with sensors continuously recording physical, chemical, and biological parameters. Microbial biofilms were investigated on unprotected parts of the glider and surfaces coated with base, biocidal and chitosan paints. Biofilms on the glider were exposed to periodical oscillations of salinity, oxygen, temperature, pressure, depth and light, due to periodic ascending and descending of the vehicle. Among the unprotected surfaces, the highest microbial abundance was observed on the bottom of the glider's body, while the lowest density was recorded on the glider's nose. Antifouling paints had the lowest densities of microorganisms. Multidimensional analysis showed that the microbial communities formed on unprotected parts of the glider were significantly different from those on biocidal paint and in seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Dobretsov
- a Marine Science and Fisheries Department, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences , Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat , Oman
- b Centre of Excellence in Marine Biotechnology , Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat , Oman
| | - Raeid M M Abed
- c Department of Biology, College of Science , Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat , Oman
| | - Thirumahal Muthukrishnan
- a Marine Science and Fisheries Department, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences , Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat , Oman
- c Department of Biology, College of Science , Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat , Oman
| | - Priyanka Sathe
- a Marine Science and Fisheries Department, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences , Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat , Oman
| | - Laila Al-Naamani
- a Marine Science and Fisheries Department, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences , Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat , Oman
| | - Bastien Y Queste
- d Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences , University of East Anglia , Norwich , UK
| | - Sergey Piontkovski
- a Marine Science and Fisheries Department, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences , Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat , Oman
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Piola R, Ang ASM, Leigh M, Wade SA. A comparison of the antifouling performance of air plasma spray (APS) ceramic and high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) coatings for use in marine hydraulic applications. BIOFOULING 2018; 34:479-491. [PMID: 29772915 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2018.1465052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Maritime hydraulic components are often exposed to harsh environmental conditions which can lead to accelerated deterioration, reduced function, equipment failure and costly repair. Two leading causes of maritime hydraulic failure are biofouling accumulation and corrosion. This study examined the antifouling performance of three candidate replacement high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) coatings relative to the performance of the current baseline air plasma spray (APS) ceramic coating for protection of hydraulic actuators. Following 20 weeks immersion at tropical and temperate field exposure sites, the control APS ceramic accumulated significantly greater levels of biofouling compared to the HVOF coatings. More specifically, the magnitude of growth of real-world nuisance hard fouling observed on in-service hydraulic components (eg calcareous tubeworms and encrusting bryozoans) was significantly greater on the APS ceramic relative to HVOF coatings. Possible explanations for the observed patterns include differences in surface topography and roughness, the electrochemical potential of the surfaces and the colour/brightness of the coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Piola
- a Maritime Division , Defence Science and Technology , Melbourne , Australia
- d Defence Materials Technology Centre , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Andrew S M Ang
- b Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology , Swinburne University of Technology , Hawthorn , Australia
- d Defence Materials Technology Centre , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Matthew Leigh
- c MacTaggart Scott Australia , Adelaide , Australia
- d Defence Materials Technology Centre , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Scott A Wade
- b Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology , Swinburne University of Technology , Hawthorn , Australia
- d Defence Materials Technology Centre , Melbourne , Australia
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Krishnan M, Subramanian H, Dahms HU, Sivanandham V, Seeni P, Gopalan S, Mahalingam A, Rathinam AJ. Biogenic corrosion inhibitor on mild steel protection in concentrated HCl medium. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2609. [PMID: 29422634 PMCID: PMC5805700 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20718-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Turbinaria ornata (TO) extract was tested as green corrosion inhibitor on mild steel (MS) coupons in conc. HCl medium with an efficiency of 100% at 25 g l-1 during 5 min exposure. Antibacterial efficacy performed against 16 S rDNA identified marine biofilming bacteria (MBB) and human pathogenic bacteria (HPB). Maximum inhibition growth was 16 mm on MBB observed in Bacillus megaterium (MBF14 - AB894827) and 20 mm on HPB in Escherichia coli (B5 - NCIM 2931). Similarly, minimum of 10 mm on MBB witnessed in Pseudomonas sp., (MBF9 - AB894829). Toxicity studies proved 50.0% LC50 at 500 μg ml-1 in 24 hrs, whereas Balanus amphitrite resulted in 100% mortality within 12 hrs. Results including weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, FT-IR and GC-MS confirm 10-Octadecaonic acid as a major corrosion inhibitor from T. ornata and is discovered as a novel antifoulant. Anticorrosion formulation will become available soon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthukumar Krishnan
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology (NIT), Tiruchirappalli, 620 015, Tamil Nadu, India
- Offshore Platform and Marine Electrochemistry Center (OPMEC), Unit of Central, Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), New Harbour Area, Tuticorin, 628 004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Harinee Subramanian
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology (NIT), Tiruchirappalli, 620 015, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hans-Uwe Dahms
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, KMU - Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Shin-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Research Center of Environmental Medicine, KMU - Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shin-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, No. 70, Lienhai Road, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Vignesh Sivanandham
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Palanichamy Seeni
- Offshore Platform and Marine Electrochemistry Center (OPMEC), Unit of Central, Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), New Harbour Area, Tuticorin, 628 004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subramanian Gopalan
- Offshore Platform and Marine Electrochemistry Center (OPMEC), Unit of Central, Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), New Harbour Area, Tuticorin, 628 004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ashok Mahalingam
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology (NIT), Tiruchirappalli, 620 015, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arthur James Rathinam
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India.
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von Ammon U, Wood SA, Laroche O, Zaiko A, Tait L, Lavery S, Inglis G, Pochon X. The impact of artificial surfaces on marine bacterial and eukaryotic biofouling assemblages: A high-throughput sequencing analysis. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 133:57-66. [PMID: 29229186 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Vessel hulls and underwater infrastructure can be severely impacted by marine biofouling. Knowledge on which abiotic conditions of artificial structures influence bacterial and eukaryotic community composition is limited. In this study, settlement plates with differing surface texture, orientation and copper-based anti-fouling coatings were deployed in a marina. After three months, biofouling samples were collected and bacterial and eukaryotic communities characterised using DNA metabarcoding. The copper anti-fouling coating treatments incurred the most significant compositional changes (p ≤ 0.001) within both domains. Bacterial diversity decreased, with Gammaproteobacteria becoming the dominant phylum. In contrast, protist diversity increased as well as opportunist nematodes and bryozoans; urochordates and molluscs became less abundant. Network analyses displayed complex relationships on untreated plates, while revealing a simpler, but disturbed and unstable community composition on the anti-fouling coated plates. These networks of copper treatments displayed opportunist taxa that appeared as key organisms in structuring the bacterial and eukaryotic communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulla von Ammon
- Environmental Technologies, Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7042, New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 349, Warkworth 0941, New Zealand.
| | - Susanna A Wood
- Environmental Technologies, Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7042, New Zealand; Environmental Research Institute, University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - Olivier Laroche
- Environmental Technologies, Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7042, New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 349, Warkworth 0941, New Zealand
| | - Anastasija Zaiko
- Environmental Technologies, Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7042, New Zealand; Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland, Private Bag 349, Warkworth 0941, New Zealand
| | - Leigh Tait
- National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd, PO Box 8602, Riccarton, Christchurch 8440, New Zealand
| | - Shane Lavery
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 349, Warkworth 0941, New Zealand; Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland, Private Bag 349, Warkworth 0941, New Zealand
| | - Graeme Inglis
- National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd, PO Box 8602, Riccarton, Christchurch 8440, New Zealand
| | - Xavier Pochon
- Environmental Technologies, Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7042, New Zealand; Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland, Private Bag 349, Warkworth 0941, New Zealand
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Dickenson NC, Krumholz JS, Hunsucker KZ, Radicone M. Iodine-infused aeration for hull fouling prevention: a vessel-scale study. BIOFOULING 2017; 33:955-969. [PMID: 29148284 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2017.1393803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Biofouling is a significant economic and ecological problem, causing reduced vessel performance and increases in fuel consumption and emissions. Previous research has shown iodine vapor (I2)-infused aeration to be an environmentally friendly method for deterring the settlement of fouling organisms. An aeration system was deployed on a vessel with hull sections coated with two types of antifoulant coatings, Intersleek® 1100 (fouling-release) and Interspeed® BRA-640 (ablative copper biocide), as well as an inert epoxy barrier coating, to assess the effectiveness of aeration in conjunction with common marine coatings. I2-infused aeration resulted in consistent reductions of 80-90% in hard fouling across all three coatings. Additionally, aeration reduced the soft fouling rate by 45-70% when used in conjunction with both Intersleek® and Interspeed® BRA versus those coatings alone. The results of this study highlight the contribution of I2-infused aeration as a standalone mechanism for fouling prevention or as a complement to traditional antifouling coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kelli Z Hunsucker
- c Center for Corrosion and Biofouling Control , Florida Institute of Technology , Melbourne , FL , USA
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Briand JF, Barani A, Garnier C, Réhel K, Urvois F, LePoupon C, Bouchez A, Debroas D, Bressy C. Spatio-Temporal Variations of Marine Biofilm Communities Colonizing Artificial Substrata Including Antifouling Coatings in Contrasted French Coastal Environments. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2017; 74:585-598. [PMID: 28374061 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-017-0966-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Surface colonization in seawater first corresponds to the selection of specific microbial biofilm communities. By coupling flow cytometry, microscopy and high throughput sequencing (HTS, 454 pyrosequencing) with artificial surfaces and environmental analyses, we intend to identify the contribution of biofilm community drivers at two contrasted French sites, one temperate and eutrophic (Lorient, Atlantic coast) and the other at a mesotrophic but highly contaminated bay (Toulon, North-Western Mediterranean Sea). Microbial communities were shaped by high temperatures, salinity and lead at Toulon by but nutrients and DOC at Lorient. Coatings including pyrithione exhibited a significant decrease of their microbial densities except for nanoeukaryotes. Clustering of communities was mainly based on the surface type and secondly the site, whereas seasons appeared of less importance. The in-depth HTS revealed that γ- and α-proteobacteria, but also Bacteroidetes, dominated highly diversified bacterial communities with a relative low β-diversity. Sensitivity to biocides released by the tested antifouling coatings could be noticed at different taxonomic levels: the percentage of Bacteroidetes overall decreased with the presence of pyrithione, whereas the α/γ-proteobacteria ratio decreased at Toulon when increased at Lorient. Small diatom cells (Amphora and Navicula spp.) dominated on all surfaces, whereas site-specific sub-dominant taxa appeared clearly more sensitive to biocides. This overall approach exhibited the critical significance of surface characteristics in biofilm community shaping.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aude Barani
- CNRS/INSU, IRD, Institut Méditerranéen d'Océanologie (MIO), Université d'Aix-Marseille, Université de Toulon, Marseille, France
| | | | - Karine Réhel
- LBCM -EA 3883, IUEM, Université de Bretagne Sud, Lorient, France
| | - Félix Urvois
- MAPIEM-EA 4323, Université de Toulon, La Garde, France
| | | | - Agnès Bouchez
- UMR CARRTEL, INRA, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Thonon-Les-Bains, France
| | - Didier Debroas
- Laboratoire "Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement, Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, BP 10448, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- UMR 6023, LMGE, CNRS, F-63171, Aubiere, France
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Ochi Agostini V, Ritter MDN, José Macedo A, Muxagata E, Erthal F. What determines sclerobiont colonization on marine mollusk shells? PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184745. [PMID: 28902894 PMCID: PMC5597280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Empty mollusk shells may act as colonization surfaces for sclerobionts depending on the physical, chemical, and biological attributes of the shells. However, the main factors that can affect the establishment of an organism on hard substrates and the colonization patterns on modern and time-averaged shells remain unclear. Using experimental and field approaches, we compared sclerobiont (i.e., bacteria and invertebrate) colonization patterns on the exposed shells (internal and external sides) of three bivalve species (Anadara brasiliana, Mactra isabelleana, and Amarilladesma mactroides) with different external shell textures. In addition, we evaluated the influence of the host characteristics (mode of life, body size, color alteration, external and internal ornamentation and mineralogy) of sclerobionts on dead mollusk shells (bivalve and gastropod) collected from the Southern Brazilian coast. Finally, we compared field observations with experiments to evaluate how the biological signs of the present-day invertebrate settlements are preserved in molluscan death assemblages (incipient fossil record) in a subtropical shallow coastal setting. The results enhance our understanding of sclerobiont colonization over modern and paleoecology perspectives. The data suggest that sclerobiont settlement is enhanced by (i) high(er) biofilm bacteria density, which is more attracted to surfaces with high ornamentation; (ii) heterogeneous internal and external shell surface; (iii) shallow infaunal or attached epifaunal life modes; (iv) colorful or post-mortem oxidized shell surfaces; (v) shell size (<50 mm2 or >1,351 mm2); and (vi) calcitic mineralogy. Although the biofilm bacteria density, shell size, and texture are considered the most important factors, the effects of other covarying attributes should also be considered. We observed a similar pattern of sclerobiont colonization frequency over modern and paleoecology perspectives, with an increase of invertebrates occurring on textured bivalve shells. This study demonstrates how bacterial biofilms may influence sclerobiont colonization on biological hosts (mollusks), and shows how ecological relationships in marine organisms may be relevant for interpreting the fossil record of sclerobionts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Ochi Agostini
- Laboratório de Zooplâncton, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Matias do Nascimento Ritter
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geociências, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Alexandre José Macedo
- Faculdade de Farmácia and Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Erik Muxagata
- Laboratório de Zooplâncton, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernando Erthal
- Departamento de Paleontologia e Estratigrafia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Muthukrishnan T, Dobretsov S, De Stefano M, Abed RMM, Kidd B, Finnie AA. Diatom communities on commercial biocidal fouling control coatings after one year of immersion in the marine environment. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 129:102-112. [PMID: 28499739 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the effect of commercial biocidal fouling control coatings on fouling diatom communities and their growth forms after long periods of exposure in the marine tropical environment. The current study investigated the abundance and composition of fouling diatom communities developed on 11 commercially available biocidal antifouling coatings, covering the three main technology types in recent historic use (Self-Polishing Copolymers, Self-Polishing Hybrid and Controlled Depletion Polymers) after one year of static immersion at two locations in Muscat, Oman (Marina Shangri La and Marina Bandar Rowdha). Light microscopy demonstrated that the total abundance of diatoms and the relative abundance of growth forms were significantly affected by the choice of biocidal antifouling coating and experimental location. Using scanning electron microscopy, a total of 21 diatom genera were identified which were grouped into adnate, motile, plocon and erect growth forms. The adnate growth forms, mainly the genera Amphora, Cocconeis and Mastogloia, dominated the other growth forms in terms of their relative abundance. Current results revealed the importance of exposure location and choice of biocidal antifouling coating on the relative abundance of diatom growth forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thirumahal Muthukrishnan
- Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 34, Al Khoud, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Sergey Dobretsov
- Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 34, Al Khoud, Muscat 123, Oman; Center of Excellence in Marine Biotechnology, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 50, Al Khoud, Muscat 123, Oman.
| | - Mario De Stefano
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, The Second University of Naples, Via Vivaldi 43, 80127, Caserta, Italy
| | - Raeid M M Abed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 36, Al Khoud, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Barry Kidd
- AkzoNobel/International Paint Ltd., Stoneygate Lane, Felling, Gateshead, United Kingdom
| | - Alistair A Finnie
- AkzoNobel/International Paint Ltd., Stoneygate Lane, Felling, Gateshead, United Kingdom
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Sathe P, Laxman K, Myint MTZ, Dobretsov S, Richter J, Dutta J. Bioinspired nanocoatings for biofouling prevention by photocatalytic redox reactions. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3624. [PMID: 28620218 PMCID: PMC5472575 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03636-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaculture is a billion dollar industry and biofouling of aquaculture installations has heavy economic penalties. The natural antifouling (AF) defence mechanism of some seaweed that inhibits biofouling by production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) inspired us to mimic this process by fabricating ZnO photocatalytic nanocoating. AF activity of fishing nets modified with ZnO nanocoating was compared with uncoated nets (control) and nets painted with copper-based AF paint. One month experiment in tropical waters showed that nanocoatings reduce abundances of microfouling organisms by 3-fold compared to the control and had higher antifouling performance over AF paint. Metagenomic analysis of prokaryotic and eukaryotic fouling organisms using next generation sequencing platform proved that nanocoatings compared to AF paint were not selectively enriching communities with the resistant and pathogenic species. The proposed bio-inspired nanocoating is an important contribution towards environmentally friendly AF technologies for aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sathe
- Department of Marine Science & Fisheries, College of Agricultural & Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 34, Al Khoud, 123, Sultanate of Oman
- Chair in Nanotechnology, Water Research Center, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 17, Al Khoud, 123, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Karthik Laxman
- Functional Materials Division, Department of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Isafjordsgatan 22, SE-164 40, Kista Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Myo Tay Zar Myint
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 36, Al Khoudh, Muscat, 123, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Sergey Dobretsov
- Department of Marine Science & Fisheries, College of Agricultural & Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 34, Al Khoud, 123, Sultanate of Oman.
- Center of Excellence in Marine Biotechnology, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box, 50 Al Khoud, 123, Sultanate of Oman.
| | - Jutta Richter
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstraße 114, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Joydeep Dutta
- Functional Materials Division, Department of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Isafjordsgatan 22, SE-164 40, Kista Stockholm, Sweden.
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Witt V, Ayris PM, Damby DE, Cimarelli C, Kueppers U, Dingwell DB, Wörheide G. Volcanic ash supports a diverse bacterial community in a marine mesocosm. GEOBIOLOGY 2017; 15:453-463. [PMID: 28256065 PMCID: PMC5413822 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Shallow-water coral reef ecosystems, particularly those already impaired by anthropogenic pressures, may be highly sensitive to disturbances from natural catastrophic events, such as volcanic eruptions. Explosive volcanic eruptions expel large quantities of silicate ash particles into the atmosphere, which can disperse across millions of square kilometres and deposit into coral reef ecosystems. Following heavy ash deposition, mass mortality of reef biota is expected, but little is known about the recovery of post-burial reef ecosystems. Reef regeneration depends partly upon the capacity of the ash deposit to be colonised by waterborne bacterial communities and may be influenced to an unknown extent by the physiochemical properties of the ash substrate itself. To determine the potential for volcanic ash to support pioneer bacterial colonisation, we exposed five well-characterised volcanic and coral reef substrates to a marine aquarium under low light conditions for 3 months: volcanic ash, synthetic volcanic glass, carbonate reef sand, calcite sand and quartz sand. Multivariate statistical analysis of Automated Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis (ARISA) fingerprinting data demonstrates clear segregation of volcanic substrates from the quartz and coral reef substrates over 3 months of bacterial colonisation. Overall bacterial diversity showed shared and substrate-specific bacterial communities; however, the volcanic ash substrate supported the most diverse bacterial community. These data suggest a significant influence of substrate properties (composition, granulometry and colour) on bacterial settlement. Our findings provide first insights into physicochemical controls on pioneer bacterial colonisation of volcanic ash and highlight the potential for volcanic ash deposits to support bacterial diversity in the aftermath of reef burial, on timescales that could permit cascading effects on larval settlement.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Witt
- Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesLudwig‐Maximilians‐UniversitätMunichGermany
- MWM‐Museum Witt MünchenMunichGermany
| | - P. M. Ayris
- Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesLudwig‐Maximilians‐UniversitätMunichGermany
| | - D. E. Damby
- Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesLudwig‐Maximilians‐UniversitätMunichGermany
- United States Geological SurveyMenlo ParkCAUSA
| | - C. Cimarelli
- Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesLudwig‐Maximilians‐UniversitätMunichGermany
| | - U. Kueppers
- Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesLudwig‐Maximilians‐UniversitätMunichGermany
| | - D. B. Dingwell
- Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesLudwig‐Maximilians‐UniversitätMunichGermany
| | - G. Wörheide
- Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesLudwig‐Maximilians‐UniversitätMunichGermany
- GeoBio‐CenterMunichGermany
- SNSB‐Bavarian State Collections of Palaeontology und GeologyMunichGermany
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Krishnan M, Dahms HU, Seeni P, Gopalan S, Sivanandham V, Jin-Hyoung K, James RA. Multi metal assessment on biofilm formation in offshore environment. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 73:743-755. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Evaluating the Reliability of Counting Bacteria Using Epifluorescence Microscopy. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse5010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Bighiu MA, Eriksson-Wiklund AK, Eklund B. Biofouling of leisure boats as a source of metal pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:997-1006. [PMID: 27766522 PMCID: PMC5219026 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7883-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The release of harmful metals from antifouling paints to water bodies is a well-known problem. In this study, we measured both the amount of biofouling growth on leisure boats during one season as well as the concentration of metals accumulated by the biofouling matrix. Furthermore, the efficiency of antifouling paints and mechanical boat cleaning as well as the effect of hull colour on biofouling were evaluated. Unlike paint residues, biofouling waste has never been regarded as a source of metal contamination and has previously been neglected in the scientific literature. Our results revealed that the biofouling waste contained very high concentrations of metals, up to 28,000 mg copper/kg dw and 171,000 mg zinc/kg dw, which exceeds the guidance values for least sensitive land use in Sweden by factors of 140 and 340, respectively. This observation is important because the contaminated biofouling waste is commonly disposed of in boatyard soils at the end of each season, thus increasing the levels of metal pollution. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the amount of biofouling if the boats were coated with copper or zinc containing paints or no paint at all, indicating that biocide paints might not be necessary in low-salinity areas such as the Stockholm archipelago. For boats that were not painted at all during the season, those washed on boat washers (mechanically) had on average half of the amount of biofouling compared to boats that were not cleaned mechanically. The results of the study indicate the importance of proper management of biofouling waste as well as the use of more environmentally friendly removal methods for biofouling such as boat washers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alexandra Bighiu
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | - Britta Eklund
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
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Yang JL, Li YF, Guo XP, Liang X, Xu YF, Ding DW, Bao WY, Dobretsov S. The effect of carbon nanotubes and titanium dioxide incorporated in PDMS on biofilm community composition and subsequent mussel plantigrade settlement. BIOFOULING 2016; 32:763-777. [PMID: 27348759 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2016.1197210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) incorporated in PDMS on biofilm formation and plantigrade settlement of Mytilus coruscus. TiO2 increased bacterial density, and CNTs also increased bacterial density but reduced diatom density in biofilms after 28 days. Further analysis was conducted between bacterial communities on glass, PDMS, CNTs (0.5 wt%) and TiO2 (7.5 wt%). ANOSIM analysis revealed significant differences (R > 0.9) between seven, 14, 21 and 28 day-old bacterial communities. MiSeq sequencing showed that CNTs and TiO2 impacted the composition of 28 day-old bacterial communities by increasing the abundance of Proteobacteria and decreasing the abundance of Bacteroidetes. The maximum decreased settlement rate in 28 day-old biofilms on CNTs and TiO2 was > 50% in comparison to those on glass and PDMS. Thus, CNTs and TiO2 incorporated in PDMS altered the biomass and community composition of biofilms, and subsequently decreased mussel settlement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Long Yang
- a Marine Ecology Research Center , The First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration , Qingdao , PR China
- b Department of Biology, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources , Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education , Shanghai , PR China
- c Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture , Ningbo , PR China
| | - Yi-Feng Li
- b Department of Biology, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources , Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education , Shanghai , PR China
| | - Xing-Pan Guo
- b Department of Biology, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources , Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education , Shanghai , PR China
| | - Xiao Liang
- b Department of Biology, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources , Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education , Shanghai , PR China
| | - Yue-Feng Xu
- b Department of Biology, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources , Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education , Shanghai , PR China
| | - De-Wen Ding
- a Marine Ecology Research Center , The First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration , Qingdao , PR China
| | - Wei-Yang Bao
- d Institute of Marine Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou , PR China
| | - Sergey Dobretsov
- e Department of Marine Science and Fisheries , College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat , Oman
- f Center of Excellence in Marine Biotechnology , Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat , Oman
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Yang C, Fang S, Chen D, Wang J, Liu F, Xia C. The possible role of bacterial signal molecules N-acyl homoserine lactones in the formation of diatom-biofilm (Cylindrotheca sp.). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 107:118-124. [PMID: 27090887 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial quorum sensing signal molecules N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) (C10-HSL, 3-OXO-C10-HSL and 3-OH-C10-HSL) as possible chemical cues were employed to investigate the role in the formation of fouling diatom-biofilm (Cylindrotheca sp.). Results showed that AHLs promoted Chlorophyll a (Chl.a) and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) contents in the diatom-biofilm. In the presence of AHLs-inhibitor 3, 4-Dibromo-2(5)H-furanone, which was used to avoid the possible interference of AHLs from bacteria, AHLs also increased the Chl.a and EPS contents. Scanning electron microscope and confocal laser scanning microscope analysis further demonstrated that AHLs promoted the formation of the diatom-biofilm. Non-invasive micro-test technique showed that AHLs promoted Ca(2+) efflux in Cylindrotheca sp., which implied that Ca(2+) might be correlated with AHLs-induced positive effect on the formation of diatom-biofilm. This study provides direct evidences that AHLs play an important role in developing the diatom-biofilm and AHLs-inhibitors might be promising active agents in marine antifouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Research Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Shengtao Fang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Research Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Dehui Chen
- Department of Biology, Life and Environmental Science College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Research Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Fanghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Research Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
| | - Chuanhai Xia
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Research Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
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Sathe P, Richter J, Myint MTZ, Dobretsov S, Dutta J. Self-decontaminating photocatalytic zinc oxide nanorod coatings for prevention of marine microfouling: a mesocosm study. BIOFOULING 2016; 32:383-95. [PMID: 26930216 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2016.1146256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The antifouling (AF) properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorod coated glass substrata were investigated in an out-door mesocosm experiment under natural sunlight (14:10 light: dark photoperiod) over a period of five days. The total bacterial density (a six-fold reduction) and viability (a three-fold reduction) was significantly reduced by nanocoatings in the presence of sunlight. In the absence of sunlight, coated and control substrata were colonized equally by bacteria. MiSeq Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA genes revealed distinct bacterial communities on the nanocoated and control substrata in the presence and absence of light. Diatom communities also varied on nanocoated substrata in the presence and the absence of light. The observed AF activity of the ZnO nanocoatings is attributed to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through photocatalysis in the presence of sunlight. These nanocoatings are a significant step towards the production of an environmentally friendly AF coating that utilizes a sustainable supply of sunlight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sathe
- a Department of Marine Science & Fisheries, College of Agricultural & Marine Sciences , Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat , Sultanate of Oman
- b Chair in Nanotechnology, Water Research Center , Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat , Sultanate of Oman
| | - Jutta Richter
- a Department of Marine Science & Fisheries, College of Agricultural & Marine Sciences , Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat , Sultanate of Oman
- c Hochschule Bremerhaven , Bremerhaven , Germany
| | - Myo Tay Zar Myint
- b Chair in Nanotechnology, Water Research Center , Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat , Sultanate of Oman
- d Department of Physics, College of Science , Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat , Sultanate of Oman
| | - Sergey Dobretsov
- a Department of Marine Science & Fisheries, College of Agricultural & Marine Sciences , Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat , Sultanate of Oman
| | - Joydeep Dutta
- b Chair in Nanotechnology, Water Research Center , Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat , Sultanate of Oman
- e Functional Materials Division, Materials and Nano-Physics Department , ICT School, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Kista Stockholm , Sweden
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Lawes JC, Neilan BA, Brown MV, Clark GF, Johnston EL. Elevated nutrients change bacterial community composition and connectivity: high throughput sequencing of young marine biofilms. BIOFOULING 2016; 32:57-69. [PMID: 26751559 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2015.1126581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms are integral to many marine processes but their formation and function may be affected by anthropogenic inputs that alter environmental conditions, including fertilisers that increase nutrients. Density composition and connectivity of biofilms developed in situ (under ambient and elevated nutrients) were compared using 454-pyrosequencing of the 16S gene. Elevated nutrients shifted community composition from bacteria involved in higher processes (eg Pseudoalteromonas spp. invertebrate recruitment) towards more nutrient-tolerant bacterial species (eg Terendinibacter sp.). This may enable the persistence of biofilm communities by increasing resistance to nutrient inputs. A core biofilm microbiome was identified (predominantly Alteromonadales and Oceanospirillales) and revealed shifts in abundances of core microbes that could indicate enrichment by fertilisers. Fertiliser decreased density and connectivity within biofilms indicating that associations were disrupted perhaps via changes to energetic allocations within the core microbiome. Density composition and connectivity changes suggest nutrients can affect the stability and function of these important marine communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin C Lawes
- a School of Biological Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
| | - Brett A Neilan
- b School of Biotechnology and Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
| | - Mark V Brown
- a School of Biological Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
- b School of Biotechnology and Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
| | - Graeme F Clark
- a School of Biological Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
| | - Emma L Johnston
- a School of Biological Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
- c Sydney Institute of Marine Science , Sydney , Australia
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Krishnan M, Sivanandham V, Hans-Uwe D, Murugaiah SG, Seeni P, Gopalan S, Rathinam AJ. Antifouling assessments on biogenic nanoparticles: A field study from polluted offshore platform. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 101:816-25. [PMID: 26581814 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Turbinaria ornata mediated silver nanoparticles (TOAg-NPs) were evaluated for antibacterial activity against 15 biofilm forming bacterial isolates. A field study in natural seawater for 60 days showed antifouling activity of TOAg-NPs on stainless steel coupons (SS-304) coated with Apcomin zinc chrome (AZC) primer. Though TOAg-NPs showed broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, the maximum zone of inhibition was with Escherichiacoli (71.9%) and a minimum with Micrococcus sp. (40%) due to the EPS secretion from Gram-positive bacteria. Compared to control coupons (18.9 [ × 10(3)], 67.0 [× 10(3)], 13.5 [ × 10(4)] and 24.7 [ × 10(4)]CFU/cm(2)), experimental biocide coupons (71.0 [ × 10(2)], 32.0 [ × 10(3)], 82.0 [ × 10(3)] and 11.3 [ × 10(4)]CFU/cm(2)) displayed lesser bacterial population density. Toxicity studies revealed 100% mortality for Balanus amphitrite larvae at 250 μg ml(-1) concentration within 24h, while 56.6% recorded for Artemia marina at the same concentration indicating less toxicity to non target species. It proved that AZC+TOAg-NPs prevent biofouling by its Ag-NS affinity and antimicrobial effectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthukumar Krishnan
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vignesh Sivanandham
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dahms Hans-Uwe
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, KMU - Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shin-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, No. 70, Lienhai Road, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Santhosh Gokul Murugaiah
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Palanichamy Seeni
- Offshore Platform and Marine Electrochemistry Center (OPMEC), Unit of Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), New Harbour Area, Tuticorin 628 004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subramanian Gopalan
- Offshore Platform and Marine Electrochemistry Center (OPMEC), Unit of Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), New Harbour Area, Tuticorin 628 004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arthur James Rathinam
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Abstract
The presence of trematodes with a free-living metacercarial stage is a common feature of most habitats and includes important species such as Fasciola hepatica, Parorchis acanthus and Zygocotyle lunata. These trematodes encyst on the surface of an animal or plant that can act as a transport host, which form the diet of the target definitive host. Although these species are often considered individually, they display common characteristics in their free-living biology indicating a shared transmission strategy, yet in comparison to species with penetrative cercariae this aspect of their life cycles remains much overlooked. This review integrates the diverse data and presents a novel synthesis of free-living metacercariae using epibiosis as the basis of a new framework to describe the relationship between transport hosts and parasites. All aspects of their biology during the period that they are metabolically independent of a host are considered, from cercarial emergence to metacercarial excystment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil J Morley
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK.
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Natural antifouling compounds: Effectiveness in preventing invertebrate settlement and adhesion. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:343-57. [PMID: 25749324 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Biofouling represents a major economic issue regarding maritime industries and also raise important environmental concern. International legislation is restricting the use of biocidal-based antifouling (AF) coatings, and increasing efforts have been applied in the search for environmentally friendly AF agents. A wide diversity of natural AF compounds has been described for their ability to inhibit the settlement of macrofouling species. However poor information on the specific AF targets was available before the application of different molecular approaches both on invertebrate settlement strategies and bioadhesive characterization and also on the mechanistic effects of natural AF compounds. This review focuses on the relevant information about the main invertebrate macrofouler species settlement and bioadhesive mechanisms, which might help in the understanding of the reported effects, attributed to effective and non-toxic natural AF compounds towards this macrofouling species. It also aims to contribute to the elucidation of promising biotechnological strategies in the development of natural effective environmentally friendly AF paints.
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50
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Mitra S, Gachhui R, Mukherjee J. Enhanced biofilm formation and melanin synthesis by the oyster settlement-promoting Shewanella colwelliana is related to hydrophobic surface and simulated intertidal environment. BIOFOULING 2015; 31:283-296. [PMID: 25959367 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2015.1038705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A direct relationship between biofilm formation and melanogenesis in Shewanella colwelliana with increased oyster recruitment is already established. Previously, S. colwelliana was grown in a newly patented biofilm-cultivation device, the conico-cylindrical flask (CCF), offering interchangeable hydrophobic/hydrophilic surfaces. Melanization was enhanced when S. colwelliana was cultivated in a hydrophobic vessel compared with a hydrophilic vessel. In the present study, melanogenesis in the CCF was positively correlated with increased architectural parameters of the biofilm (mean thickness and biovolume obtained by confocal laser scanning microscopy) and melanin gene (melA) expression observed by densitometry. Niche intertidal conditions were mimicked in a process operated in an ultra-low-speed rotating disk bioreactor, which demonstrated enhanced biofilm formation, melanogenesis, exopolysaccharide synthesis and melA gene expression compared with a process where 12-h periodic immersion and emersion was prevented. The wettability properties of the settling plane as well as intermittent wetting and drying, which influenced biofilm formation and melA expression, may affect oyster settlement in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayani Mitra
- a School of Environmental Studies , Jadavpur University , Kolkata , India
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