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Garcia JM, Morales Mejia YL, Ochoa Lopez AP, Woods SP, Valier H, Medina LD. Evidence for the reliability and validity of a Spanish translation of the Medication Management Ability Assessment administered via tele-assessment. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2024; 31:1192-1204. [PMID: 35998647 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2114356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We translated the Medication Management Ability Assessment (MMAA) from English to Spanish for use via tele-assessment and examined its reliability and validity. Following International Test Commission Guidelines for Translating and Adapting Tests, we used translation/back-translation and a small focus group (n = 6) to adapt a Spanish version of the MMAA. Eighty-six Spanish-speaking adults completed the adapted MMAA via tele-assessment at baseline and at a two-week follow-up visit. Participants also completed several self-report and performance-based cognitive and functional measures. The internal consistency of the MMAA was excellent (standardized Cronbach's α = 0.90). Performance-based functional assessments (PBFAs) and objective cognition were positively associated with the MMAA at small to medium effect sizes. Self-report measures of daily function and cognition, measures of health literacy, and estimates of premorbid intellectual functioning were not significantly associated with MMAA performance. The test-retest reliability of the MMAA was good (CCC = 0.73, 95% CI [0.62, 0.81]; rs = 0.37, p < 0.001) and demonstrated a small practice effect (Cohen's d = 0.36, p = 0.001). Preliminary evidence for the construct validity of a Spanish-language MMAA administered via tele-assessment further expands the potential clinical utility of PBFAs in culturally diverse, Spanish-speaking populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Garcia
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | - Helen Valier
- The Honors College, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Luis D Medina
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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2
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Chiou KS, Feiger JA, Snyder RL, Davila CA, Gocci Carrasco N, Bennett SJ, Dombrowski K, Fernando S, Major AM, Valentín-Acevedo A, West JT, Wood C. Cognitive Intraindividual variability in injection drug use among Hispanic residents of Puerto Rico. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2024:1-8. [PMID: 39180514 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2024.2389564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Despite a high prevalence of injection drug use (IDU) in Puerto Rico, little is known about how it affects neuropsychological functioning in this population. Investigations of intra-individual variability (IIV) have alluded to its utility as a potential indicator of neural decline. The purpose of this study was to characterize IIV among Hispanic residents of Puerto Rico who engage in IDU. Injectors and non-injectors completed the Neuropsí Atención y Memoria battery. Measures of IIV were calculated for the overall test battery (OTB), the three battery indices, and three domains of attention, memory, and executive functioning. The injector group showed significantly greater IIV than the non-injector group on all measures (OTB, indices, and individual domains). Additionally, injectors showed significantly higher IIV in the domain of executive functioning compared to other cognitive domains and battery indices. In contrast, non-injectors did not show any significant within-group differences on any IIV measures. The higher performance variability observed in the IDU group suggests a negative influence of IDU on cognition, with executive functioning being more susceptible to these effects. These findings support the need for continued investigations into the clinical application of IIV for diagnostic and prognostic purposes in the Hispanic IDU population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy S Chiou
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Jeremy A Feiger
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Rachael L Snyder
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Carmen A Davila
- Department of Sociology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Nova Gocci Carrasco
- Method and Evaluation Core Facility, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Sydney J Bennett
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | | | - Samodha Fernando
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Angel M Major
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, Puerto Rico
| | - Aníbal Valentín-Acevedo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, Puerto Rico
| | - John T West
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Charles Wood
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
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Munguia A, Ostrosky F, Lozano A, Castañeda D, Lujan A, Diaz K, Perez M, Lara R, Sacristan E. The relationship between changes in functional networks and cognitive changes and PTSD symptoms in maltreated children before and after TF-CBT. Behav Brain Res 2024; 471:115091. [PMID: 38838966 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Several studies have found that maltreated children show neuropsychological deficits in various cognitive domains such as memory and attention, language, visuospatial skills, emotional regulation, social cognition, and executive functioning. In terms of functional connectivity, abused children show an increased connectivity in the salience network (SN) as opposed to a decreased connectivity within the default (DMN) and executive networks (CEN). Children who suffer maltreatment may develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which in turn, can increase psychological and cognitive sequelae. The present study examined the relation between resting state functional connectivity (RSFC), PTSD symptoms and neuropsychological profiles in abused children before and after following a psychological therapy named Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral therapy (TF-CBT). Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging, neuropsychological (attention, memory and executive functions) and clinical evaluations were performed in 13 abused children with PTSD (mean age=8.77 years old, S.D.=1.83) recruited from a non-governmental shelter in Mexico and in a control group of 10 children from the general population (mean age = 9.57 years old, S.D. = 1.91). Both groups were matched according to age and gender. Changes in PTSD symptoms correlated with changes in the left insula node. Additionally, significant correlations were identified between changes in the average connectivity of the DMN, intra-nodal connectivity of lateral parietal and medial prefrontal regions, and performance in attention and memory tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Munguia
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Feggy Ostrosky
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
| | - Asucena Lozano
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Dianela Castañeda
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Angélica Lujan
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Karla Diaz
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Martha Perez
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Rafael Lara
- Centro Nacional de Investigación en Imagenología e Instrumentación Médica, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de México 09340, Mexico
| | - Emilio Sacristan
- Centro Nacional de Investigación en Imagenología e Instrumentación Médica, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de México 09340, Mexico
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Rosario Nieves E, Rosenstein LD, González D, Bordes Edgar V, Jofre Zarate D, MacDonald Wer B. Is language translation enough in cross-cultural neuropsychological assessments of patients from Latin America? APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38984786 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2024.2376829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review was to highlight the need to consider factors other than language when adapting tests across cultural groups and to offer a list of tests that have been adapted for use among patients from or descended from Latin American Countries. Despite efforts in the field through publications and workshops, the authors were aware of continued errors in cross-cultural assessment of these patients, resulting in misdiagnosis and unintentional inequitable care. Thus, we sought to reinforce the existing literature. METHOD We reviewed the literature pertaining to cross-cultural adaptation of neuropsychological measures. Relevant papers were identified by our institution's Academic Enhanced Search Option (AcESO) Database, PubMed, and Google Scholar. RESULTS 102 papers, articles, and other published literature were reviewed describing issues related to the adaptation of tests for groups originally from or descended from Latin American Countries residing in the United States. CONCLUSIONS It is imperative that tests be appropriately developed or adapted for the target population with appropriate normative data available, and ideally administered by a fluent speaker trained in assessment. Inappropriate use of tests not adapted for a particular patient's language and country of origin can result in misdiagnosis, potentially resulting in harm to the individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Rosario Nieves
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas, Texas, USA
- Parkland Health and Hospital System Behavioral Health Clinic; Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Leslie D Rosenstein
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas, Texas, USA
- Parkland Health and Hospital System Behavioral Health Clinic; Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Deborah González
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Veronica Bordes Edgar
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas, Texas, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas, Texas, USA
- Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Children's HealthDallas, Texas, USA
| | - Diego Jofre Zarate
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Beatriz MacDonald Wer
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas, Texas, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas, Texas, USA
- Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Children's HealthDallas, Texas, USA
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Velarde-Mejía Y, Gamboa-Cárdenas R, Zevallos F, Medina M, Rodriguez-Bellido Z, Pastor-Asurza C, Alarcón GS, Ugarte-Gil MF. Unveiling the Link Between Antiphospholipid Antibodies and Cognitive Dysfunction in the Almenara Lupus Cohort. J Clin Rheumatol 2024; 30:41-45. [PMID: 38115180 DOI: 10.1097/rhu.0000000000002049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cognitive dysfunction is a prevalent manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). There is evidence for the role of antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies on its etiopathogenesis. Our objective was to identify the association between aPL antibodies and cognitive dysfunction in SLE patients. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 135 patients evaluated from March 2015 to October 2017 at one center. Cognitive deficit was measured using the NEUROPSI test. Disease activity and damage were ascertained using the SLEDAI-2K (SLE Disease Activity Index 2000) and the SDI (Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index), respectively; aPL antibodies were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The association between cognitive dysfunction and aPL antibodies was evaluated using univariable and multivariable linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, education, socioeconomic status, disease duration, SLEDAI-2K, SDI, mean current dose of prednisone, time of exposure to glucocorticoids, and drug use (immunosuppressants, hydroxychloroquine, aspirin, and warfarin). RESULTS One hundred thirty-one patients (97.1%) were women; their mean (SD) age was 46.6 (12.5) years; 59 patients (43.7%) had positivity for at least 1 aPL antibody. IgM anticardiolipin (aCL) was positive in 24.5%, IgG in 13.5%, IgM aβ2GP1 in 16.8%, IgG anti-β2 glycoprotein in 24.6%, and the lupus anticoagulant in 5.3%. Ninety patients (66.7%) had some cognitive dysfunction. In the univariable analysis, a significant correlation between the NEUROPSI score and IgM aCL antibodies was found (B = -20.87 [SE, 3.2]; p < 0.001), which remained significant in the multivariable model (B = -13.89 [SE, 3.14]; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS IgM aCL antibodies are associated with cognitive dysfunction in patients with SLE. Larger and longitudinal studies are needed to assess the impact of these findings.
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Zuno Reyes A, Trejo S, Matute E. Linear and Nonlinear Effect of Years of Schooling, Sex, and Age on the CERAD-MX and Complementary Tasks in a Mexican Sample: A Cross-Sectional Study. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2023; 38:962-975. [PMID: 36747327 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acad009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Since evidence of adults' cognition decline is based on standardized testing, we developed regression-based continuous norms by linear regression (LR) and nonlinear quantile regression (NQR) with years of schooling (YoS), age, and sex as covariates on the Mexican adaptation of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD-MX) and complementary tasks. METHODS 392 healthy, Spanish-speaking Mexican adults (50.25% women) aged 18-59 completed the 15 CERAD-MX cognitive tasks and complementary tasks. We used raw scores and examined YoS-related effects considering sex and age as covariates. For the NQR, we used calibrated scores for sex and age. While LR represents one line across the performance, NQR differentiated several nonlinear performance bands by quantiles. RESULTS LR showed positive relationships between YoS and cognitive performance with a funnel variance pattern. Therefore, this relationship is better represented with NQR than LR. A small, but significant, negative effect of age was found for this age range (18-59 years). The band with fewer years of schooling (1-6) showed greater variability in the cognitive measures than those with more years of schooling (16-22). CONCLUSION This study shows that NQR is useful for accurately positioning participants' performance relative to their peers. NQR accounts more than LR for the inconsistent variability of cognitive performance as a function of YoS by identifying the variability according to YoS (low, medium, high). Thus, NQR represents an appropriate way to construct norms for the cognitive performance of adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Zuno Reyes
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México
| | - Salvador Trejo
- Facultad de Medicina y Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana, México
| | - Esmeralda Matute
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México
- Departamento de Estudios en Educación, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México
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Rosales-Lagarde A, Cubero-Rego L, Menéndez-Conde F, Rodríguez-Torres EE, Itzá-Ortiz B, Martínez-Alcalá C, Vázquez-Tagle G, Vázquez-Mendoza E, Eraña Díaz ML. Dissociation of Arousal Index Between REM and NREM Sleep in Elderly Adults with Cognitive Impairment, No Dementia: A Pilot Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 95:477-491. [PMID: 37574730 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disruption in elderly has been associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment and its transition into Alzheimer's disease (AD). High arousal indices (AIs) during sleep may serve as an early-stage biomarker of cognitive impairment non-dementia (CIND). OBJECTIVE Using full-night polysomnography (PSG), we investigated whether CIND is related to different AIs between NREM and REM sleep stages. METHODS Fourteen older adults voluntarily participated in this population-based study that included Mini-Mental State Examination, Neuropsi battery, Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, and single-night PSG. Subjects were divided into two groups (n = 7 each) according to their results in Neuropsi memory and attention subtests: cognitively unimpaired (CU), with normal results; and CIND, with -2.5 standard deviations in memory and/or attention subtests. AIs per hour of sleep during N1, N2, N3, and REM stages were obtained and correlated with Neuropsi total score (NTS). RESULTS AI (REM) was significantly higher in CU group than in CIND group. For the total sample, a positive correlation between AI (REM) and NTS was found (r = 0.68, p = 0.006), which remained significant when controlling for the effect of age and education. In CIND group, the AI (N2) was significantly higher than the AI (REM) . CONCLUSION In CIND older adults, this attenuation of normal arousal mechanisms in REM sleep are dissociated from the relative excess of arousals observed in stage N2. We propose as probable etiology an early hypoactivity at the locus coeruleus noradrenergic system, associated to its early pathological damage, present in the AD continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Rosales-Lagarde
- CONACyT Chairs, National Council of Science and Technology, Mexico
- National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Cubero-Rego
- Neurodevelopmental Research Unit, Institute of Neurobiology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Campus Juriquilla-Queretaro, Querétaro, México
| | | | | | - Benjamín Itzá-Ortiz
- Mathematics Research Center, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Claudia Martínez-Alcalá
- CONACyT Chairs, National Council of Science and Technology, Mexico
- Institute of Health Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Mexico
| | | | | | - Marta L Eraña Díaz
- Center for Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Morelos, Mexico
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Cervantes JA, López S, Molina J, López F, Perales-Tejeda M, Carmona-Frausto J. CogniDron-EEG: A system based on a brain-computer interface and a drone for cognitive training. COGN SYST RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cogsys.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Safi D, Barreto Abrams J, Rios M, Rodés E, Díaz-Santos M, Suárez P. Culturally Competent Assessment of Neurocognitive Functioning in Latinos with Complex Multimorbidity: A Case Study. Geriatrics (Basel) 2022; 7:geriatrics7050093. [PMID: 36136802 PMCID: PMC9498523 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics7050093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multimorbidity—the coexistence of multiple chronic conditions within an individual—is the new normal in hospital settings. Individuals with higher levels of multimorbidity require a multidisciplinary and holistic approach to meet their needs, though the complexity of their neurocognitive profiles is still poorly researched. This study reported on the neurocognitive profile of a 69-year-old, left-handed, Latino cisgender male with 10 years of education. He was deemed to have a short-term mortality in 2018, yet is still enjoying a good quality of life in 2022. This case report illustrated (a) a rather common neurocognitive profile of a patient with complex multimorbidity, (b) the advantages of being served in a center of excellence with linguistically and culturally appropriate services that evaluate patients’ cognitive functioning and inform and provide continuity of care, and (c) the benefits of a holistic and multidisciplinary approach to the care of the multimorbidity population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diomaris Safi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UCLA Hispanic Neuropsychiatric Center of Excellence, 760 Westwood Plaza, C8-238, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Jesús Barreto Abrams
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UCLA Hispanic Neuropsychiatric Center of Excellence, 760 Westwood Plaza, C8-238, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Melissa Rios
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UCLA Hispanic Neuropsychiatric Center of Excellence, 760 Westwood Plaza, C8-238, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- California School of Professional Psychology, Alliant International University, Alhambra, CA 91803, USA
| | - Elisenda Rodés
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UCLA Hispanic Neuropsychiatric Center of Excellence, 760 Westwood Plaza, C8-238, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Graduate School of Education and Psychology, Pepperdine University, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | - Mirella Díaz-Santos
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UCLA Hispanic Neuropsychiatric Center of Excellence, 760 Westwood Plaza, C8-238, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Neurology, UCLA Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Paola Suárez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UCLA Hispanic Neuropsychiatric Center of Excellence, 760 Westwood Plaza, C8-238, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Rodriguez MJ, Burke S, Padron D, Duarte A, Rosselli M, Grieg-Custo M, Grudzien A, Loewenstein DA, Duara R. Associations Between Country where Education is Obtained and Cognitive Functioning Among South American and Caribbean Older Adults Living in the U.S. J Cross Cult Gerontol 2022; 37:257-274. [PMID: 36251109 PMCID: PMC10161283 DOI: 10.1007/s10823-022-09456-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of AD among Hispanics calls for a need for examining factors that affect cognitive functioning and risk of AD among Hispanic older adults. The current study examined cognitive functioning among older Hispanic adults living in the U.S. from two Hispanic regions, South America and the Caribbean, in relation to the country where education was obtained. Participants (n = 139) were stratified into groups based on Hispanic education region and diagnostic categories: cognitively normal and amnestic MCI (aMCI). Results of Pearson correlations showed that among Hispanic Americans in general, there were significant positive correlations between the country of education to performance on measures of episodic, verbal, and word list tests. When examined separately by region and diagnosis, only cognitively normal (CN) South Americans showed significant relationships between country of education and cognitive functioning in these areas. Results of general linear models controlling for education identified differences in neuropsychological performance between groups with the CN groups demonstrating better performance than the aMCI groups within each region. Overall, it was evident that relationships between years of education obtained outside of the U.S. and cognitive functioning were not similar among individuals from these two disparate Spanish speaking regions. This is the first study to examine the country where education was obtained among individuals from countries located in different regions with different cultures that may influence their education and cognitive development throughout life. Findings contribute to the cross-cultural neuropsychological literature in understanding factors that are unique to Hispanic older adults at risk for developing AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam J Rodriguez
- Department of Health and Wellness Design, Indiana University-Bloomington, School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN, USA.
| | - Shanna Burke
- Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Andres Duarte
- Department of Psychology, Albizu University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Monica Rosselli
- Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Maria Grieg-Custo
- Mt. Sinai Medical Center, Wien Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Disorders, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Adrienne Grudzien
- Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - David A Loewenstein
- Department of Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami and Center on Aging, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ranjan Duara
- Mt. Sinai Medical Center, Wien Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Disorders, Miami Beach, FL, USA
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Saucedo-Alvarado PE, Velasco AL, Aguado-Carrillo G, Cuellar-Herrera M, Trejo-Martínez D, Márquez-Franco R, Velasco-Campos F. Optimizing deep brain stimulation for the treatment of drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy: a pilot study. J Neurosurg 2022; 137:768-775. [PMID: 35171814 DOI: 10.3171/2021.10.jns211380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The authors sought to determine the antiseizure effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the parahippocampal cortex (PHC) for treatment of drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). METHODS After a 3-month baseline period, 6 adult patients with drug-resistant MTLE and hippocampal sclerosis (HS) had stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG)-DBS electrodes implanted at the PHC for identification of the seizure onset zone (SOZ). Patients entered an 8-month, randomized, double-blind protocol for DBS, followed by a 12-month open-phase study. Monthly reports of seizure frequency were collected, with separate counting of focal seizures with or without awareness impairment (focal impaired awareness seizures [FIAS] or focal aware seizures [FAS], respectively) and focal evolving to bilateral generalized tonic clonic seizures (GTCS). Stimulation parameters were 130 Hz, 450 μsec, 2.5-3 V, and cyclic stimulation 1 minute on/4 minutes off. RESULTS The total seizure rate decrement during follow-up was 41% (CI 25%-56%), with better seizure control for GTCS (IQR 19%-20%) and FIAS (IQR 0%-16%), with FAS being less responsive (IQR 67%-236%). No neuropsychological deterioration was observed. CONCLUSIONS PHC DBS induced important antiseizure effects in patients with incapacitating FIAS and GTCS, most likely through blocking the propagation of hippocampal-onset seizures. The PHC target can be easily and safely approached due to positioning away from vascular structures, and there was no evidence of DBS-induced cognitive deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo E Saucedo-Alvarado
- 1Epilepsy Clinic and Unit for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Mexico General Hospital "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga," Mexico City; and
- 2Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, División de Estudios de Posgrado, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana Luisa Velasco
- 1Epilepsy Clinic and Unit for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Mexico General Hospital "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga," Mexico City; and
| | - Gustavo Aguado-Carrillo
- 1Epilepsy Clinic and Unit for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Mexico General Hospital "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga," Mexico City; and
| | - Manola Cuellar-Herrera
- 1Epilepsy Clinic and Unit for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Mexico General Hospital "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga," Mexico City; and
| | - David Trejo-Martínez
- 1Epilepsy Clinic and Unit for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Mexico General Hospital "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga," Mexico City; and
| | - Rene Márquez-Franco
- 1Epilepsy Clinic and Unit for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Mexico General Hospital "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga," Mexico City; and
- 2Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, División de Estudios de Posgrado, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francisco Velasco-Campos
- 1Epilepsy Clinic and Unit for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Mexico General Hospital "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga," Mexico City; and
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Kamalyan L, Guareña LA, Díaz-Santos M, Suarez P, Cherner M, García Alcorn MY, Umlauf A, Franklin DR, Mindt MR, Fortuny LAI, Heaton RK, Marquine MJ. Influence of Educational Background, Childhood Socioeconomic Environment, and Language Use on Cognition among Spanish-Speaking Latinos Living Near the US-Mexico Border. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2022; 28:876-890. [PMID: 34486514 PMCID: PMC8898321 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617721001028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the impact of culturally relevant social, educational, and language factors on cognitive test performance among Spanish speakers living near the US-Mexico border. METHODS Participants included 254 healthy native Spanish speakers from the Neuropsychological Norms for the US-Mexico Border Region in Spanish (NP-NUMBRS) project (Age: M = 37.3, SD = 10.4; Education: M = 10.7, SD = 4.3; 59% Female). A comprehensive neuropsychological battery was administered in Spanish. Individual test scaled scores and T-scores (based on region-specific norms adjusted for age, education, and sex) were averaged to create Global Mean Scaled and T-scores. Measures of culturally relevant factors included a self-reported indicator of educational quality/access (proportion of education in Spanish-speaking country, quality of school/classroom setting, stopped attending school to work), childhood socioeconomic environment (parental education, proportion of time living in Spanish-speaking country, childhood socioeconomic and health status, access to basic resources, work as a child), and Spanish/English language use and fluency. RESULTS Several culturally relevant variables were significantly associated with unadjusted Global Scaled Scores in univariable analyses. When using demographically adjusted T-scores, fewer culturally relevant characteristics were significant. In multivariable analyses, being bilingual (p = .04) and working as a child for one's own benefit compared to not working as a child (p = .006) were significantly associated with higher Global Mean T-score, accounting for 9% of variance. CONCLUSIONS Demographically adjusted normative data provide a useful tool for the identification of brain dysfunction, as these account for much of the variance of sociocultural factors on cognitive test performance. Yet, certain culturally relevant variables still contributed to cognitive test performance above and beyond basic demographics, warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Kamalyan
- Department of Psychiatry, HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program, University of California, San Diego
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology
| | - Lesley A. Guareña
- Department of Psychiatry, HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program, University of California, San Diego
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, University of California, San Diego
| | - Mirella Díaz-Santos
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Hispanic Neuropsychiatric Center of Excellence, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Paola Suarez
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Hispanic Neuropsychiatric Center of Excellence, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Mariana Cherner
- Department of Psychiatry, HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program, University of California, San Diego
| | | | - Anya Umlauf
- Department of Psychiatry, HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program, University of California, San Diego
| | - Donald R. Franklin
- Department of Psychiatry, HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program, University of California, San Diego
| | - Monica Rivera Mindt
- Department of Psychology & Latino American and Latino Studies Institute, Fordham University
| | | | - Robert K. Heaton
- Department of Psychiatry, HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program, University of California, San Diego
| | - María J. Marquine
- Department of Psychiatry, HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program, University of California, San Diego
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, University of California, San Diego
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13
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Vila-Castelar C, Fox-Fuller JT, Guzmán-Vélez E, Schoemaker D, Quiroz YT. A cultural approach to dementia - insights from US Latino and other minoritized groups. Nat Rev Neurol 2022; 18:307-314. [PMID: 35260817 PMCID: PMC9113534 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-022-00630-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer disease and related dementias present considerable challenges to health-care and medical systems worldwide. In the USA, older Black and Latino individuals are more likely than older white individuals to have Alzheimer disease and related dementias. In this Perspective, we leverage our experience and expertise with older US Latino groups to review and discuss the need to integrate cultural factors into dementia research and care. We examine the importance of considering the effects of cultural factors on clinical presentation and diagnosis, dementia risk, clinical research and recruitment, and caregiving practices, with a focus on minoritized groups in the USA. We highlight critical gaps in the literature to stimulate future research aimed at improving the prevention and early detection of Alzheimer disease and related dementias and developing novel treatments and interventions across ethnoracially diverse populations. In addition, we briefly discuss some of our own initiatives to promote research and clinical care among Latino populations living in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Vila-Castelar
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joshua T Fox-Fuller
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edmarie Guzmán-Vélez
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dorothee Schoemaker
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yakeel T Quiroz
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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14
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Velasco F, Saucedo-Alvarado PE, Vazquez-Barron D, Trejo D, Velasco AL. Deep Brain Stimulation for Refractory Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Current Status and Future Trends. Front Neurol 2022; 13:796846. [PMID: 35280275 PMCID: PMC8904383 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.796846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A comparative analysis of the targets for deep brain stimulation (DBS) to treat refractory temporal lobe epilepsy and the rationale for its use is presented, with an emphasis on the latency to obtain the significant antiepileptic effect and the long-term seizure control. The analysis includes consideration of surgical techniques currently used to optimize antiseizure effects and decrease surgical risks. Seizure control is similar for programed DBS and DBS responsive to abnormal cortical or subcortical electroencephalogram (EEG) activity. There is no difference in the long-term seizure control between programmed and responsive and intermittent or continuous DBS. However, intermittent programed DBS may have a significant antiseizure effect starting in the first month when applied to a non-sclerotic tissue such as the parahippocampal cortex. DBS induces no neuropsychological deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ana Luisa Velasco
- Unit for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Clinic, Mexico General Hospital “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City, Mexico
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15
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Bricio-Barrios JA, Ríos-Bracamontes E, Ríos-Silva M, Huerta M, Serrano-Moreno W, Barrios-Navarro JE, Ortiz GG, Huerta-Trujillo M, Guzmán-Esquivel J, Trujillo X. Alterations in blink and masseter reflex latencies in older adults with neurocognitive disorder and/or diabetes mellitus. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:177-188. [PMID: 35071517 PMCID: PMC8727253 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i1.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blink and masseter reflexes provide reliable, quantifiable data on the function of the central nervous system: Delayed latencies have been found in patients with neurocognitive disorder (ND) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but this has not been studied in patients with both pathologies.
AIM To investigate if older adults with ND plus T2DM have prolonged latencies of blink and masseter-reflex and if they were associated with disease progression.
METHODS This cross-sectional study included 227 older adults (> 60 years) from Colima, Mexico. Neurocognitive disorder was identified by a neuropsychological battery test, and T2DM identified by medical history, fasting glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin. Latencies in the early reflex (R1), ipsilateral late (R2), and contralateral late (R2c) components of the blink reflex were analyzed for all subjects, and 183 subjects were analyzed for latency of the masseter reflex.
RESULTS In 20.7% of participants, ND was detected. In 37%, T2DM was detected. Latencies in R1, R2, and R2c were significantly prolonged for groups with ND plus T2DM, ND, and T2DM, compared with the control group (P < 0.0001). The masseter reflex was only prolonged in older adults (regardless of T2DM status) with ND vs controls (P = 0.030). In older adults with ND and without T2DM, the more the cognitive impairment progressed, the more prolonged latencies in R2 and R2c presented (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION These findings suggest that blink and masseter reflexes could be used to evaluate possible changes in brainstem circuits in older adults with ND and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eder Ríos-Bracamontes
- General Hospital Zone #1, Mexican Social Security Institute, Villa de Alvarez 28983, Colima, Mexico
| | - Mónica Ríos-Silva
- University Biomedical Research Center, University of Colima, Colima 28045, Colima, Mexico
- University Biomedical Research Center, CONACYT, Colima 28045, Colima, Mexico
| | - Miguel Huerta
- University Biomedical Research Center, University of Colima, Colima 28045, Colima, Mexico
| | - Walter Serrano-Moreno
- University Biomedical Research Center, University of Colima, Colima 28045, Colima, Mexico
| | | | - Genaro Gabriel Ortiz
- Department of Philosophical and Methodological Disciplines, University Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | - José Guzmán-Esquivel
- General Hospital Zone #1, Mexican Social Security Institute, Villa de Alvarez 28983, Colima, Mexico
| | - Xóchitl Trujillo
- University Biomedical Research Center, University of Colima, Colima 28045, Colima, Mexico
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16
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Ellwood A, Quinn C, Mountain G. Psychological and Social Factors Associated with Coexisting Frailty and Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review. Res Aging 2021; 44:448-464. [PMID: 34601993 PMCID: PMC9039321 DOI: 10.1177/01640275211045603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Those living with coexistent frailty and cognitive impairment are at risk of poorer health outcomes. Research often focuses on identifying biological factors. This review sought to identify the association psychological and social factors have with coexisting physical and cognitive decline. Six databases were systematically searched in July 2020. Studies included individuals aged 60 years or older identified as being both frail and cognitively impaired. A narrative synthesis examined patterns within the data. Nine studies were included, most employed a cross-sectional design. Depression was investigated by all nine studies, those with coexistent frailty and cognitive impairment had higher levels of depressive symptoms than peers. Findings were mixed on social factors, although broadly indicate lower education, living alone and lower material wealth were more frequent in those living with coexistent decline. Further research is needed to explore potentially modifiable psychological and social factors which could lead to the development of supportive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Ellwood
- Centre for Applied Dementia Studies, 1905University of Bradford, Bradford, UK.,Wolfson Centre of Applied Health Research, Bradford, UK
| | - Catherine Quinn
- Centre for Applied Dementia Studies, 1905University of Bradford, Bradford, UK.,Wolfson Centre of Applied Health Research, Bradford, UK
| | - Gail Mountain
- Centre for Applied Dementia Studies, 1905University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
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17
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Effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation as an enhancer of cognitive stimulation sessions on mild cognitive impairment: Preliminary results. Psychiatry Res 2021; 304:114151. [PMID: 34392162 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a state between normal cognition and dementia. Currently, there is little evidence of repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) as an enhancing tool for Cognitive Stimulation (CS) on MCI. The importance of this study consists in its assessment of the enhancing effect of rTMS on CS in 22 MCI patients randomized and divided into two group: active (AG) and sham (SG). Diagnoses and assessments were determined during 30 sessions over a 10-week period by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Neuropsí test. Results were statistically significant in the intergroup analysis with MoCA and intragroup only for AG.
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18
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Maldonado T, Orr JM, Goen JRM, Bernard JA. Age Differences in the Subcomponents of Executive Functioning. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2021; 75:e31-e55. [PMID: 31943092 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbaa005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Across the life span, deficits in executive functioning (EF) are associated with poor behavioral control and failure to achieve goals. Though EF is often discussed as one broad construct, a prominent model of EF suggests that it is composed of three subdomains: inhibition, set shifting, and updating. These subdomains are seen in both younger (YA) and older adults (OA), with performance deficits across subdomains in OA. Therefore, our goal was to investigate whether subdomains of EF might be differentially affected by age, and how these differences may relate to broader global age differences in EF. METHODS To assess these age differences, we conducted a meta-analysis at multiple levels, including task level, subdomain level, and of global EF. Based on previous work, we hypothesized that there would be overall differences in EF in OA. RESULTS Using 1,268 effect sizes from 401 articles, we found overall differences in EF with age. Results suggested that differences in performance are not uniform, such that variability in age effects emerged at the task level, and updating was not as affected by age as other subdomains. DISCUSSION These findings advance our understanding of age differences in EF, and stand to inform early detection of EF decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted Maldonado
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station
| | - Joseph M Orr
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station.,Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station
| | - James R M Goen
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station
| | - Jessica A Bernard
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station.,Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station
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19
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López-Meza MS, Otero-Ojeda G, Estrada JA, Esquivel-Hernández FJ, Contreras I. The impact of nutritive and non-nutritive sweeteners on the central nervous system: preliminary study. Nutr Neurosci 2021; 25:1623-1632. [PMID: 33641634 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2021.1885239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human consumption of food and beverages containing added nutritive or non-nutritive sweeteners has increased worldwide. OBJECTIVE The present study evaluated the possible impact of frequent sweetener consumption on human CNS activity and functions through neuropsychological testing and EEG/qEEG analysis. METHODS A sample of 23 women and 16 men, aged 18-35, with a body mass index between 18 and 24.9 kg/m2 was evaluated. Participants underwent a 1-week washout period in which food with added sugars or sweeteners was restricted from their diet. Initial assessment of cognitive functions was performed with a validated neuropsychological test and EEG/qEEG analysis, prior to supplementation. Sucrose, sucralose, or steviol glycosides, in commercially available presentations, were randomly assigned to three experimental groups of 13 participants each. Sweeteners were supplemented in fixed amounts, daily, for six weeks. After supplementation, neurological tests were repeated and the initial and final results were compared. RESULTS The results show no significant changes between final and initial measures in the steviol glycosides group. However, a significant decrease in encoding memory was found in the sucrose group in the final evaluation. Strikingly, the sucralose group showed a significant decrease in overall memory, encoding memory, and executive functions after supplementation. Furthermore, qEEG analysis showed an increase in theta wave absolute and relative power at the final evaluation in the same group. CONCLUSION These data show that frequent consumption of specific sweeteners is accompanied by measurable changes in EEG/qEEG activity and neuropsychological test performance in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sagrario López-Meza
- Laboratorio de Neuroquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, México
| | - Gloria Otero-Ojeda
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, México
| | - José Antonio Estrada
- Laboratorio de Neuroquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, México
| | - Francisco José Esquivel-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Neurometría, Unidad de Investigación Interdisciplinaria en Ciencias de la Salud y la Educación (UIICE), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, México
| | - Irazú Contreras
- Laboratorio de Neuroquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, México
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20
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The role of inflammation in the association between poverty and working memory in childhood. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2021; 123:105040. [PMID: 33197720 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.105040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family financial difficulties have been directly linked to poorer executive functioning in childhood. However, recent studies suggest that difficulties in affording basic items and other necessities may also indirectly affect children's executive functions through several psychological but also physiological paths. One of the latter may be inflammation, which has been related to both financial difficulties and executive functioning. In this study, we explored for the first time if the relationship between early family financial difficulties and working memory in middle childhood can be explained by inflammation. METHODS Using data from 4,525 children of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, a general population birth cohort, we tested associations between parents' perceptions at ages 0-3 years of having difficulties in affording basic items for their children including food and clothing, children's inflammation [measured by interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP)] at age 9 years and working memory performance at age 10 years. Confounders included socioeconomic status at ages 0-3 years, economic hardship between ages 3-9 years, BMI and gender. RESULTS Using Structural Equation Modelling, we found that financial difficulties were associated with worse working memory (β=-0.076, 95 % CI=-0.105, -0.043) even after adjusting for confounders. This association was partially explained by inflammation (β=-0.002, 95 % CI=-0.005, -0.001) as measured by IL-6. CONCLUSIONS Children in families struggling to afford necessities early in life have higher levels of inflammation, in turn related to poorer executive functioning in middle childhood. These findings suggest that living under financial strain has a unique effect on children's cognitive development through inflammation in the general population.
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21
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Arias F, Safi DE, Miranda M, Carrión CI, Diaz Santos AL, Armendariz V, Jose IE, Vuong KD, Suarez P, Strutt AM. Teleneuropsychology for Monolingual and Bilingual Spanish-Speaking Adults in the Time of COVID-19: Rationale, Professional Considerations, and Resources. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2020; 35:1249-1265. [PMID: 33150414 PMCID: PMC7665473 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acaa100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neuropsychological assessments with monolingual Spanish and bilingual Spanish/English-speaking adults present unique challenges. Barriers include, but are not limited to, the paucity of test norms, uncertainty about the equivalence of translated neuropsychological tests, and limited proficiency in the provision of culturally competent services. Similar issues generalize to telephone- and video-based administration of neuropsychological tests or teleneuropsychology (TeleNP) with Hispanics/Latinos (as), and few studies have examined its feasibility and validity in this group. The sudden onset of the COVID-19 pandemic prompted neuropsychologists to identify alternative ways to provide equitable care. Clinicians providing TeleNP to this population during (and after) the pandemic must consider safety, professional factors, and systemic barriers to accessing and benefitting from virtual modalities. METHOD This clinical process manuscript describes how cross-cultural neuropsychologists across five U.S. academic institutions serving Hispanics/Latinos (as) developed TeleNP models of care during the pandemic. RESULTS Workflows, test batteries, and resources for TeleNP assessment with monolingual and bilingual Spanish-speaking patients are included. Factors guiding model development and informing decisions to incorporate virtual administration of neuropsychological tests into their practice are also discussed. CONCLUSIONS Provision of TeleNP is a promising modality. Additional research in this area is warranted with focus on cultural and contextual factors that support or limit the use of TeleNP with this community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franchesca Arias
- Hinda & Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, The Aging Brain Center, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA 02131, USA
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Diomaris E Safi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- UCLA Hispanic Neuropsychiatric Center of Excellence, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michelle Miranda
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Carmen I Carrión
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | | | | | - Irene E Jose
- Baylor College of Medicine Cerebro, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kevin D Vuong
- Baylor College of Medicine Cerebro, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Paola Suarez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- UCLA Hispanic Neuropsychiatric Center of Excellence, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Adriana M Strutt
- Baylor College of Medicine Cerebro, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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22
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Vázquez-Barrón D, Cuéllar-Herrera M, Velasco F, Velasco AL. Electrical Stimulation of Subiculum for the Treatment of Refractory Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy with Hippocampal Sclerosis: A 2-Year Follow-Up Study. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 2020; 99:40-47. [PMID: 33113540 DOI: 10.1159/000510295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence has been provided that the subiculum may play an important role in the generation of seizures. Electrical stimulation at this target has been reported to have anticonvulsive effects in kindling and pilocarpine rat models, while in a clinical study of hippocampal deep brain stimulation (DBS), contacts closest to the subiculum were associated with a better anticonvulsive effect. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of electrical stimulation of the subiculum in patients with refractory mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) who have hippocampal sclerosis (HS). METHODS Six patients with refractory MTLE and HS, who had focal impaired awareness seizures (FIAS) and focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures (FBTCS), had DBS electrodes implanted in the subiculum. During the first month after implantation, all patients were OFF stimulation, then they all completed an open-label follow-up of 24 months ON stimulation. DBS parameters were set at 3 V, 450 µs, 130 Hz, cycling stimulation 1 min ON, 4 min OFF. RESULTS There was a mean reduction of 49.16% (±SD 41.65) in total seizure number (FIAS + FBTCS) and a mean reduction of 67.93% (±SD 33.33) in FBTCS at 24 months. FBTCS decreased significantly with respect to baseline, starting from month 2 ON stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Subiculum stimulation is effective for FBTCS reduction in patients with MTLE and HS, suggesting that the subiculum mediates the generalization rather than the genesis of mesial temporal lobe seizures. Better results are observed at longer follow-up times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daruni Vázquez-Barrón
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Stereotaxy and Radiosurgery, General Hospital of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Manola Cuéllar-Herrera
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Stereotaxy and Radiosurgery, General Hospital of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francisco Velasco
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Stereotaxy and Radiosurgery, General Hospital of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana Luisa Velasco
- Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Stereotaxy and Radiosurgery, General Hospital of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico,
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23
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Gómez-Tello MF, Rosetti MF, Galicia-Alvarado M, Maya C, Apiquian R. Neuropsychological screening with TOWI: Performance in 6- to 12-year-old children. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-CHILD 2020; 11:115-124. [PMID: 32429822 DOI: 10.1080/21622965.2020.1764357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Videogames represent an exciting development in neuropsychological assessment of cognitive function. Here, we used TOWI, a series of games based on standardized tests, to evaluate the cognitive performance of a large sample of school-age children. We compared the metrics produced by TOWI with the performance metrics reported for the standardized tests that inspired each of these tasks. We found ascending values together with age for scores reflecting correct answers and descending values together with age for scores reflecting completion times, mistakes or missed entries. Sensitivity to developmental changes, similarities with standardized tests of task metrics contribute to the validity of TOWI as a screening tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria F Gómez-Tello
- Kognisi, Mexico City, Mexico.,Areté Proyectos y Administración, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcos F Rosetti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - César Maya
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Apiquian
- Areté Proyectos y Administración, Mexico City, Mexico.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Campus Norte, Mexico City, Mexico
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24
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Aguirre RMH, González MH, Hernández MP, Gutiérrez CDCA, Guevara MÁ. Observing baby or sexual videos changes the functional synchronization between the prefrontal and parietal cortices in mothers in different postpartum periods. Soc Neurosci 2020; 15:489-504. [PMID: 32402224 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2020.1761447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
During the postpartum period (PP), mothers are more sensitive to sensory stimuli related to babies and less sensitive to those with sexual significance. The processing of emotional stimuli requires synchronization among different cerebral areas. This study characterized the cortical electroencephalographic (EEG) correlation in mothers from 1½ to 3 months (PP1), 4 to 5½ months (PP2) and over 6½ months, postpartum (PP3) while observing two videos: one of a baby (BV) and one with sexual content (SV). EEGs were recorded from the frontopolar, dorsolateral and parietal cortices. All three groups rated the BV as pleasant, but only PP3 reported higher sexual arousal with the SV. While watching the BV, PP1 showed a higher correlation among all cortical areas; PP2 manifested a decreased correlation between the prefrontal and parietal cortices, likely associated with the lower emotional modulation of the BV; and PP3 presented a higher synchronization among fewer cortical areas, probably related to longer maternal experience. These cortical synchronization patterns could represent adaptive mechanisms that enable the adequate processing of baby stimuli in new mothers. These data increase our knowledge of the cerebral processes associated with distinct sensitivities to the emotional stimuli that mothers experience during the PP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa María Hidalgo Aguirre
- Laboratorio de Neuropsicología, Centro Universitario de los Valles, Universidad de Guadalajara , Ameca, México.,Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara, México
| | | | - Marai Pérez Hernández
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario del Norte, Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara, Mexico
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Farràs-Permanyer L, Mancho-Fora N, Montalà-Flaquer M, Gudayol-Ferré E, Gallardo-Moreno GB, Zarabozo-Hurtado D, Villuendas-González E, Peró-Cebollero M, Guàrdia-Olmos J. Estimation of Brain Functional Connectivity in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Brain Sci 2019; 9:E350. [PMID: 31801260 PMCID: PMC6955819 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9120350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment is defined as greater cognitive decline than expected for a person at a particular age and is sometimes considered a stage between healthy aging and Alzheimer's disease or other dementia syndromes. It is known that functional connectivity patterns change in people with this diagnosis. We studied functional connectivity patterns and functional segregation in a resting-state fMRI paradigm comparing 10 MCI patients and 10 healthy controls matched by education level, age and sex. Ninety ROIs from the automated anatomical labeling (AAL) atlas were selected for functional connectivity analysis. A correlation matrix was created for each group, and a third matrix with the correlation coefficient differences between the two matrices was created. Functional segregation was analyzed with the 3-cycle method, which is novel in studies of this topic. Finally, cluster analyses were also performed. Our results showed that the two correlation matrices were visually similar but had many differences related to different cognitive functions. Differences were especially apparent in the anterior default mode network (DMN), while the visual resting-state network (RSN) showed no differences between groups. Differences in connectivity patterns in the anterior DMN should be studied more extensively to fully understand its role in the differentiation of healthy aging and an MCI diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Farràs-Permanyer
- Departament de Psicologia Social i Psicologia Quantitativa, Facultat de Psicologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (N.M.-F.); (M.M.-F.); (M.P.-C.)
- UBICS Institute of Complex Systems & UB Institute of Neurosciences, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Mancho-Fora
- Departament de Psicologia Social i Psicologia Quantitativa, Facultat de Psicologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (N.M.-F.); (M.M.-F.); (M.P.-C.)
| | - Marc Montalà-Flaquer
- Departament de Psicologia Social i Psicologia Quantitativa, Facultat de Psicologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (N.M.-F.); (M.M.-F.); (M.P.-C.)
| | - Esteve Gudayol-Ferré
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás Hidalgo, Morelia 58000, Mexico; (E.G.-F.); (E.V.-G.)
| | | | | | - Erwin Villuendas-González
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás Hidalgo, Morelia 58000, Mexico; (E.G.-F.); (E.V.-G.)
| | - Maribel Peró-Cebollero
- Departament de Psicologia Social i Psicologia Quantitativa, Facultat de Psicologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (N.M.-F.); (M.M.-F.); (M.P.-C.)
- UBICS Institute of Complex Systems & UB Institute of Neurosciences, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Guàrdia-Olmos
- Departament de Psicologia Social i Psicologia Quantitativa, Facultat de Psicologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (N.M.-F.); (M.M.-F.); (M.P.-C.)
- UBICS Institute of Complex Systems & UB Institute of Neurosciences, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
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Cerebral Vascular Reactivity in Frail Older Adults with Vascular Cognitive Impairment. Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9090214. [PMID: 31450572 PMCID: PMC6770260 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9090214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Frailty, a state of increased vulnerability, could play a role in the progression of vascular dementia. We aim to describe the changes in cerebrovascular reactivity of older adults with frailty and vascular-type mild cognitive impairment (MCIv). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A comprehensive geriatric assessment, neuropsychological evaluation, and transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) was performed on 180 participants who were allocated into four groups: healthy (n = 74), frail (n = 40), MCIv (n = 35), and mixed (frail + MCIv) (n = 31). ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used for the analysis of continuous variables with and without normal distribution. Multinomial logistic regression was constructed to identify associated covariates. Results: Subjects in the mixed group, compared to healthy group, were older (75.0 ± 5.9 vs 70.3 ± 5.9 years; p < 0.001), showed lower education (9.3 ± 6.4 vs 12.2 ± 4.0 years; p = 0.054), greater frequency of diabetes (42% vs 12%; p = 0.005), worse cognitive performance (z = −0.81 ± 0.94), and reduced left medial-cerebral artery cerebrovascular reactivity (0.43 ± 0.42 cm/s). The mixed group was associated with age (odds ratio (OR) 1.16, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.06–1.27; p < 0.001), diabetes (OR 6.28, 1.81–21.84; p = 0.004), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) score (OR 1.34, 95% CI = 1.09–1.67; p = 0.007). Conclusions: Frailty among older adults was associated with worse cognitive performance, diabetes, and decreased cerebral blood flow.
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Cortés Pascual A, Moyano Muñoz N, Quílez Robres A. The Relationship Between Executive Functions and Academic Performance in Primary Education: Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1582. [PMID: 31354585 PMCID: PMC6638196 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to research the relationship between executive functions and academic performance in primary education (6–12 years). Based on 21 samples (n = 7,947), a meta-analysis of random effects demonstrated a moderately significant weighted effect size (r = 0.365) and was found to be a good predictor of academic performance. For the subjects of language and mathematics, the results of the random effects model were similar and slightly higher for mathematics (r = 0.350; r = 0.365). Thus, the theory that executive functions have greater influence on mathematical performance is supported, especially in aspects such as coding, organization, and the immediate retrieval of information. Regarding the different executive function components (working memory, inhibition, cognitive flexibility, and planning), working memory had the highest presence (k = 14, n = 3,740) and predictive weight for performance, with an effect size of r = 0.370 for random effects, with a moderate level of significance. The moderating effect of variables such as gender and age were also analyzed. After performing a meta-regression, gender resulted in a value of R2 = 0.49; the age variable was not significant. This result is especially important since age has traditionally been considered to be the moderating variable of executive functions. The review reveals a good predictive power of executive functions in the primary education stage, and it is even higher at the early ages, indicating its great significance in describing future performance. The study also revealed the competencies and specific aspects of the executive functions that affect the way in which its components intervene in the academic area, demonstrating the mediating effect of variables such as physical fitness, motor skills, and memory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nieves Moyano Muñoz
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Faculty of Humanities and Education, University of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain
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Torres VL, Vila-Castelar C, Bocanegra Y, Baena A, Guzmán-Vélez E, Aguirre-Acevedo DC, Tirado V, Munoz C, Henao E, Moreno S, Giraldo M, Acosta N, Rios Romenets S, Langbaum JB, Cho W, Reiman EM, Tariot PN, Rosselli M, Quiroz YT, Lopera F. Normative data stratified by age and education for a Spanish neuropsychological test battery: Results from the Colombian Alzheimer's prevention initiative registry. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-ADULT 2019; 28:230-244. [PMID: 31230490 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2019.1627357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Neuropsychologists continue to face challenges when assessing Spanish-speaking individuals due to limited availability of normative data. We developed comprehensive normative data stratified by age and education for a Spanish neuropsychological test battery used by the Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia (Colombia) and the Colombian Alzheimer's Prevention Initiative Registry, which have followed large families at risk for autosomal-dominant Alzheimer's disease (ADAD) since the 1990s. Approximately 75% of these individuals are cognitively-unimpaired and are not genetically predisposed to develop ADAD. We conducted a retrospective study on neuropsychological evaluations from 2,673 cognitively unimpaired individuals (56% female), with ages ranging from 18 to 86 years and education from 1 to 25 years. Neuropsychological measures included the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease-Colombia, and other multidomain Spanish tests. We examined associations between age, education, and sex with cognitive performance. Norms stratified by age and education are presented. Cognitive performance showed small associations with age and education and was unrelated to sex. We provided population-based norms for Spanish tests targeting multiple cognitive domains using a large Colombian sample. These normative data may be helpful for the neuropsychological characterization of Spanish speakers from Latin America in clinical and research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria L Torres
- Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
| | - Clara Vila-Castelar
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachussetts, USA
| | - Yamile Bocanegra
- Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Ana Baena
- Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Edmarie Guzmán-Vélez
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachussetts, USA
| | | | - Victoria Tirado
- Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Claudia Munoz
- Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Eliana Henao
- Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Sonia Moreno
- Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Margarita Giraldo
- Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Natalia Acosta
- Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Silvia Rios Romenets
- Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - William Cho
- Genentech, South San Fransisco, California, USA
| | | | | | - Monica Rosselli
- Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
| | - Yakeel T Quiroz
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachussetts, USA.,Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.,Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachussetts, USA
| | - Francisco Lopera
- Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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Loaiza S, Giraldo D, Galvis A, Ortiz L, Carvajal S. Attention, memory, and executive functions profile in a prospective cohort of patients with malignant glioma. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-ADULT 2019; 28:197-209. [PMID: 31181969 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2019.1621315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A prospective cohort study was structured to examine patient's tumor mass factors that could determine a specific cognitive function profile in patients with Malignant Glioma who survived after the Stupp protocol, while adjusting for previously explored confounding factors. Neuropsi - Attention and Memory (Second edition) was applied after tumor resection, but before any other oncological treatment. Follow-up neuropsychological evaluation was conducted when patients completed the Stupp protocol treatment scheme. To estimate the mean difference between follow-up and baseline Neuropsi subtest scores, a Bayesian Mixed Effects Model was fitted with three random-effect regressors representing tumor locations, co-administered medications and by-patient cognitive performance variability. Sixteen patients were included. Temporal lobe tumors were the most frequent (31.2%) and more than three-fourths of those were located in the left lobe; such results agree with the clinical and statistical significance that supports an impairment in the Semantic Verbal Fluency subtest (Mean score change = -5.97, 95% Credible Interval = [-8.01, -3.80]). The findings suggest that any potential variants in a determined cognitive dysfunction profile could be more influenced by tumor location than any other variable related to the patient's tumor mass or administered oncological medications; however, because the limited sample representativeness, additional studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Loaiza
- Scientific Division, Clinica Las Americas, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Daniel Giraldo
- Department of Psychology, San Buenaventura University, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Astrid Galvis
- Department of Psychology, San Buenaventura University, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Leon Ortiz
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Instituto de Cancerologia Las Americas, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Sonia Carvajal
- Department of Psychology, San Buenaventura University, Medellin, Colombia
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30
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Flores-Reséndiz C, Soto-Piña AE, Valdés-Ramos R, Benítez-Arciniega AD, Tlatempa-Sotelo P, Guadarrama-López AL, Martínez-Carrillo BE, Pulido-Alvarado CC. Association Between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Stress Hormones With Cognitive Performance in Mexican Adolescents. J Pediatr Psychol 2019; 44:208-219. [PMID: 30272242 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsy074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to determine whether cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and stress hormones are associated with cognitive performance in Mexican adolescents. Methods This was a cross-sectional study including 139 Mexican adolescents 10-14 years old. Participants were divided into three categories: 0, 1-2, and ≥3 CVD risk factors. These factors included: high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) <40 mg/dl; waist circumference (WC) ≥90th percentile for age and sex, systolic or diastolic blood pressure ≥90th percentile for age, sex, and height; and triacylglycerols (TGs) ≥110 mg/dl. Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C), total cholesterol, cortisol, and plasma catecholamines were measured as well. Furthermore, attention, memory, and executive functions were evaluated using a validated test for Spanish-speaking individuals (Neuropsi). Results Adolescents in the three risk categories did not show significant differences in Neuropsi test performance tasks; however, they presented different lipid and plasma norepinephrine concentrations. TG and VLDL-C were inversely associated with memory (r = -0.19, **p < .01). Multivariate regression analysis showed consistently that TG/HDL-C ratio was inversely related to attention-memory general score (standardized β = -0.99, t = -2.30, p = .023), memory (standardized β = -0.83, t = -2.08, p = .039), and attention-executive functions (standardized β = -1.02, t = -2.42, p = .017). Plasma epinephrine levels presented an inverse and weak relation to the attention-executive functions score (standardized β = -0.18, t = -2.19, p = .030). Conclusions Cognitive performance is not completely dependent on the accumulation of risk factors, but instead on the combination of strong predictors of CVD like waist to height ratio, TG/HDL-C, and VLDL-C. Plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine have a stronger association with cognition and CVD risk than dopamine and cortisol.
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Neuropsychological Evaluation of Culturally/Linguistically Diverse Older Adults. HANDBOOK ON THE NEUROPSYCHOLOGY OF AGING AND DEMENTIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-93497-6_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Rodrigues JDC, Muller JDL, Esteves C, Fonseca RP, Parente MADMP, Salles JFD. Efeito de Idade e Escolaridade no Instrumento de Avaliação Neuropsicológica Breve NEUPSILIN. PSICO-USF 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-82712018230211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Neste estudo, investigaram-se efeitos de idade e escolaridade e suas interações no desempenho de adultos no Instrumento de Avaliação Neuropsicológica Breve NEUPSILIN, que avalia orientação têmporo-espacial, atenção, percepção, memória, linguagem, calculias, praxias e funções executivas. Participaram 627 adultos saudáveis (19 a 90 anos), divididos em três grupos, conforme escolaridade (1 a 4, 5 a 8 e 9 anos ou mais de estudo) e em quatro grupos por idade (19 a 39, 40 a 59, 60 a 75 e 76 a 90 anos). Encontraram-se efeitos de idade e escolaridade em atenção, percepção, memória (de trabalho, verbal episódica, semântica, visual e prospectiva), linguagem oral e escrita, praxias e funções executivas. Interações entre idade e escolaridade foram encontradas em atenção, memória verbal, linguagem oral e escrita. Os resultados destacam que o envelhecimento e a escolaridade impactam de forma heterogênea nas funções cognitivas, assim como os testes neuropsicológicos brasileiros devem sempre considerar a influência dessas variáveis para produzir seus dados normativos.
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Pino Escobar G, Kalashnikova M, Escudero P. Vocabulary matters! The relationship between verbal fluency and measures of inhibitory control in monolingual and bilingual children. J Exp Child Psychol 2018; 170:177-189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Paiva SCE, Viapiana VF, Cardoso CDO, Fonseca RP. Bells Test: Are there differences in performance between adult groups aged 40-59 and 60-75? Dement Neuropsychol 2017; 11:40-47. [PMID: 29213492 PMCID: PMC5619213 DOI: 10.1590/1980-57642016dn11-010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To verify whether differences exist between groups of Brazilian adults aged
40-59 and 60-75 in respective performance on the Bells Test, given the
dearth of literature investigating the relationship between focused visual
attention and the age factor. Methods Eighty-four neurologically healthy adults (half aged 40-59 and half 60-75)
with high educational level (40-59 years group: M=17.75 years' education;
SD=4.00; 60-75 years group: M=15.85 years education; SD=3.19) were assessed
using the Bells Test. Data on accuracy and processing speed were compared
between groups by ANCOVA, controlled for the covariates education and
frequency of reading and writing habits. Results There were no significant differences between the age groups. Conclusion It is suggested that aging influences sustained and focused attention and
speed processing after 75 years of age on visual cancellation paradigms,
when executive and attentional changes tend to be more marked. Further
studies should investigate healthy older and oldest-old adults, as well as
groups with low and intermediate educational backgrounds. In addition,
Brazilian clinical populations should also be characterized, particularly
those with neurological disorders that might have visual hemineglect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanisa Fante Viapiana
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre RS, Brazil
| | | | - Rochele Paz Fonseca
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre RS, Brazil
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Maillet D, Narme P, Amieva H, Matharan F, Bailon O, Le Clésiau H, Belin C. The TMA-93: A New Memory Test for Alzheimer's Disease in Illiterate and Less Educated People. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2017; 32:461-467. [PMID: 28750554 PMCID: PMC10852724 DOI: 10.1177/1533317517722630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed at validating the Memory Associative Test of the district of Seine-Saint-Denis (TMA)-93, a new test of episodic memory. The TMA-93 was proposed to mostly less educated and multicultural elderly population composed of 376 healthy controls (HC) and 94 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The construct validity was checked by studying correlations with a widely used memory test (the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test [FCSRT]) in the subsample of literate patients. Results showed that (i) all the TMA-93 scores of the patients with AD were lower than those of the HC, (ii) the TMA-93 total score identified patients with AD with a high sensitivity (88%) and very high specificity (97%), and (iii) the TMA-93 total score was strongly correlated with both free recall and total recall scores of the FCSRT. Taken together, results showed that the TMA-93 is a reliable tool to assess episodic memory in a multicultural, less educated, or illiterate population, with good construct validity for AD diagnostic accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Maillet
- Unité Fonctionnelle Mémoire et Maladies Neurodégénératives, Service de Neurologie, CHU Avicenne, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Bobigny, France
- Laboratoire PSITEC, EA 4072, UFR de psychologie, Université Lille 3, Pont de Bois, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Pauline Narme
- Unité Fonctionnelle Mémoire et Maladies Neurodégénératives, Service de Neurologie, CHU Avicenne, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Bobigny, France
- Equipe Neuropsychologie du Vieillissement (EA 4468), Institut de Psychologie, Université Paris Descartes, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Hélène Amieva
- INSERM U 897, Epidémiologie—Biostatistique, ISPED, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Fanny Matharan
- INSERM U 897, Epidémiologie—Biostatistique, ISPED, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Olivier Bailon
- Unité Fonctionnelle Mémoire et Maladies Neurodégénératives, Service de Neurologie, CHU Avicenne, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Bobigny, France
| | - Hervé Le Clésiau
- Centre d’Examens de Santé de la Caisse primaire d’Assurance Maladie de la Seine-Saint-Denis, Bobigny, France
| | - Catherine Belin
- Unité Fonctionnelle Mémoire et Maladies Neurodégénératives, Service de Neurologie, CHU Avicenne, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Bobigny, France
- Equipe Neuropsychologie du Vieillissement (EA 4468), Institut de Psychologie, Université Paris Descartes, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
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Kochhann R, Gonçalves HA, Pureza JDR, Viapiana VF, Fonseca FDP, Salles JF, Fonseca RP. Variability in neurocognitive performance: Age, gender, and school-related differences in children and from ages 6 to 12. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-CHILD 2017; 7:277-285. [DOI: 10.1080/21622965.2017.1312403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Kochhann
- Psychology Department, Post-Graduate Program in Psychology, Human Cognition, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Hosana Alves Gonçalves
- Psychology Department, Post-Graduate Program in Psychology, Human Cognition, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Janice da Rosa Pureza
- Psychology Department, Post-Graduate Program in Psychology, Human Cognition, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Vanisa Fante Viapiana
- Psychology Department, Post-Graduate Program in Psychology, Human Cognition, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Flavia dos Passos Fonseca
- Psychology Department, Post-Graduate Program in Psychology, Human Cognition, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Jerusa Fumagali Salles
- Psychology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rochele Paz Fonseca
- Psychology Department, Post-Graduate Program in Psychology, Human Cognition, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
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Arango-Lasprilla JC, Rivera D. Normative data for Spanish-language neuropsychological tests: A step forward in the assessment of pediatric populations. NeuroRehabilitation 2017; 41:577-580. [PMID: 28946569 DOI: 10.3233/nre-001479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Arango-Lasprilla
- BioCruces Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Diego Rivera
- BioCruces Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
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Aguirre Loaiza HH, Federico Ayala C, Ramos Bermúdez S. LA ATENCIÓN-CONCENTRACIÓN EN EL DEPORTE DE RENDIMIENTO. EDUCACION FISICA Y DEPORTE 2016. [DOI: 10.17533/udea.efyd.v34n2a06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Peñaloza-López Y, Herrera-Rangel A, Pérez-Ruiz SJ, Poblano A. Phonological awareness and sinusoidal amplitude modulation in phonological dislexia. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2016; 74:293-8. [PMID: 27097001 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20160026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dyslexia is the difficulty of children in learning to read and write as results of neurological deficiencies. The objective was to test the Phonological awareness (PA) and Sinusoidal amplitude modulation (SAM) threshold in children with Phonological dyslexia (PD). METHODS We performed a case-control, analytic, cross sectional study. We studied 14 children with PD and 14 control children from 7 to 11 years of age, by means of PA measurement and by SAM test. The mean age of dyslexic children was 8.39 years and in the control group was 8.15. RESULTS Children with PD exhibited inadequate skills in PA, and SAM. We found significant correlations between PA and SAM at 4 Hertz frequency, and calculated regression equations that predicts between one-fourth and one-third of variance of measurements. CONCLUSION Alterations in PA and SAM found can help to explain basis of deficient language processing exhibited by children with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Peñaloza-López
- Laboratory of Central Auditory Alterations Research, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Mexico City, México
| | - Aline Herrera-Rangel
- Laboratory of Central Auditory Alterations Research, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Mexico City, México
| | - Santiago J Pérez-Ruiz
- Laboratory of Acoustics, Center of Applied Sciences and Technological Development, National University of Mexico, Mexico City, México
| | - Adrián Poblano
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neurophysiology, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Mexico City, México
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Hernández-González M, Hidalgo-Aguirre RM, Guevara MA, Pérez-Hernández M, Amezcua-Gutiérrez C. Observing videos of a baby crying or smiling induces similar, but not identical, electroencephalographic responses in biological and adoptive mothers. Infant Behav Dev 2015; 42:1-10. [PMID: 26583276 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
It is well-known that adoptive mothers respond to cues from their babies in similar ways to biological mothers, and that cortical processing is critical for adequate motive-emotional maternal responses. This study used electroencephalographic activity (EEG) to characterize prefrontal, parietal and temporal functioning in biological mothers (BM), adoptive mothers (AM), and non-mothers (NM), while viewing videos of a baby smiling or crying. The BM presented higher absolute power (AP) in the delta and theta bands (associated with pleasant, positive emotional experiences) in the frontal and parietal areas under all conditions. In response to the smiling video, both types of mothers presented a lower AP in alpha1 in the three cortices (indicative of increased attention) and, mainly in temporal areas, a higher AP in the fast frequencies (beta and gamma, reflecting increased alertness to sensory stimuli and cognitive processing). This EEG pattern in the BM and AM could reflect the greater attention and, probably, the positive mood caused by the smiling video, showing that both are sensitive to these pleasant stimuli. When viewing the video of a baby crying, the AM had higher AP in the fast frequencies (temporal and parietal areas), indicating that they were more reactive to this unpleasant video, while the NM presented only a lower AP in alpha1 in all cortices, a finding that could be associated with the general activation induced by these unpleasant stimuli as a consequence of their lack of maternal experience. These findings should help improve our understanding of the neural mechanisms involved in the processing of sensorial stimuli that establish affective-emotional links during motherhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hernández-González
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Francisco de Quevedo 180, Colonia Arcos-Vallarta, C.P. 44130 Guadalajara, JAL, México.
| | - R M Hidalgo-Aguirre
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Francisco de Quevedo 180, Colonia Arcos-Vallarta, C.P. 44130 Guadalajara, JAL, México
| | - M A Guevara
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Francisco de Quevedo 180, Colonia Arcos-Vallarta, C.P. 44130 Guadalajara, JAL, México
| | - M Pérez-Hernández
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Francisco de Quevedo 180, Colonia Arcos-Vallarta, C.P. 44130 Guadalajara, JAL, México
| | - C Amezcua-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Francisco de Quevedo 180, Colonia Arcos-Vallarta, C.P. 44130 Guadalajara, JAL, México
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Silagi ML, Romero VU, Mansur LL, Radanovic M. Inference comprehension during reading: influence of age and education in normal adults. Codas 2015; 26:407-14. [PMID: 25388075 DOI: 10.1590/2317-1782/20142013058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the effect of age and education on inferential comprehension from written texts in normal individuals. METHODS A total of 224 normal adults were stratified into nine groups according to age (young: 18-39 years, adults: 40-59 years, and elderly: 60-79 years) and educational level (low ≤4 years, medium: 5-8 years and high >8 years) and were evaluated through the battery La gestion de l'implicite (Implicit Information Management Test) to determine the ability to make inferences through different types of questions: explicit, logical, distractor, pragmatic and others. RESULTS The elderly showed worse performance for total score and distractor questions. Regarding educational level, all groups differed on explicit, logical, distractor questions, and on total test score. Subjects with high schooling performed better on pragmatic inferences and others. CONCLUSION Age influence on the comprehension of inferences may be due to difficulties in attention and executive functions. The strong effect of education can be explained by the interaction of inferential abilities with other cognitive functions such as working memory, vocabulary span, as well as world knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Lima Silagi
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vivian Urbanejo Romero
- Department of Physiotherapy, Speech-Language and Hearing Sciences and Occupational Therapy, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Leticia Lessa Mansur
- Department of Physiotherapy, Speech-Language and Hearing Sciences and Occupational Therapy, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcia Radanovic
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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[Validation of the Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP-S) Screen Scale in Patients with Bipolar Disorder I]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 44:20-7. [PMID: 26578215 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Spanish version of the cognitive impairment in psychiatry scale screening scale has been developed as a response to the needs arising in clinical practice during the evaluation of mental illness patients, but the performance is not known in the Colombian population with bipolar disorder I. This paper tries to establish construct validity and stability of the scale in patients with bipolar disorder I in the city of Manizales. METHODS Construct validity was estimated by comparing the measurement in two divergent groups, a control group and a group with bipolar disorder I. It was also compared to a Neuropsychological battery measuring the same scale domains. The correlation between each one of the sub-tests of the scale and stability was evaluated through the reliability test-retest in the group with bipolar disorder I. RESULTS The scale showed discriminatory capacity in cognitive functioning between the control group and the group with bipolar disorder I. The correlation with the neuropsychological battery was estimated by the Spearman test showing results between 0.36 and 0.77, and the correlation between each sub-test of the scale showed correlations between 0.39 and 0.72. Test-retest was measured with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and their values were between 0.77 and 0.91. CONCLUSIONS The Spanish version of screening scale in the cognitive disorder in psychiatry shows acceptable validity and reliability as a measurement tool in clinical psychiatric practice.
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Matute E, Ardila A, Rosselli M, Molina Del Rio J, López Elizalde R, López M, Ontiveros A. Crossed-brain representation of verbal and nonverbal functions. Case Rep Neurol Med 2015; 2015:301297. [PMID: 25802778 PMCID: PMC4329825 DOI: 10.1155/2015/301297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 74-year-old, left-handed man presented with a rapidly evolving loss of strength in his right leg associated with difficulty in walking. MR images disclosed an extensive left hemisphere tumor. A neuropsychological examination revealed that language was broadly normal but that the patient presented with severe nonlinguistic abnormalities, including hemineglect (both somatic and spatial), constructional defects, and general spatial disturbances; symptoms were usually associated with right hemisphere pathologies. No ideomotor apraxia was found. The implications of crossed-brain representations of verbal and nonverbal functions are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Manuel López
- Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Juan I. Menchaca, Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico
| | - Angel Ontiveros
- Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Juan I. Menchaca, Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico
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Miranda-Valverde E, Valerio-Aguilar D, Hernández-Gabarain HJ, Chaves-Araya C, Peralta-Azofeifa M, Campos LEC, Angulo-Cruz R, Carballo-Alfaro AM, Arias-Salazar A, Araya-Segura S, Morales-Martínez F. Memory clinic experience under a social security health system in Costa Rica. Dement Neuropsychol 2014; 8:371-375. [PMID: 29213928 PMCID: PMC5619186 DOI: 10.1590/s1980-57642014dn84000011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are an increasingly prevalent clinical entity in our field, showing an increasing incidence with age. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to identify the main types of dementia and MCI treated in a memory disorders unit in Costa Rica. METHODS A consecutive and standardized register of patients diagnosed with dementia and MCI at the memory disorders unit of the National Geriatrics and Gerontology Hospital (NGGH) was analyzed. RESULTS Dementia was diagnosed in 63.5% of the 3572 cases, whereas 10.6% met criteria for MCI. The most frequent type of dementia was Alzheimer's disease (47.1%), followed by vascular pathology (28.9%), mixed forms (17.2%) and other types (6.8%). In MCI, 69.5% were of amnestic multiple domain type and 14.3% were non-amnestic multiple domain, while 41.3% were of vascular and 35.8% of neurodegenerative etiology. Mean age was 79.6±6.7 years and 64.7% were women in dementia cases whereas mean age was 76.4±6.9 years and 62.1% were women in MCI. Mean years of schooling was 4.95±4.09 years and 6.87±4.71, while mean time between onset of symptoms and clinical diagnosis was 3.2±2.6 years and 2.67±2.69 years, in dementia and MCI, respectively. CONCLUSION The determination of the main types of dementia and MCI in Costa Rica and their main features has allowed the registration of comprehensive, hitherto unavailable information that will be useful for the management and strategic planning of public health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick Miranda-Valverde
- Members of the Memory Clinic at the National Geriatrics and
Gerontology Hospital, Dr. Raúl Blanco Cervantes, Costa Rica
| | - Daniel Valerio-Aguilar
- Members of the Memory Clinic at the National Geriatrics and
Gerontology Hospital, Dr. Raúl Blanco Cervantes, Costa Rica
| | | | - Cinthya Chaves-Araya
- Members of the Memory Clinic at the National Geriatrics and
Gerontology Hospital, Dr. Raúl Blanco Cervantes, Costa Rica
| | - Monserrat Peralta-Azofeifa
- Members of the Memory Clinic at the National Geriatrics and
Gerontology Hospital, Dr. Raúl Blanco Cervantes, Costa Rica
| | - Luis Emilio Corrales Campos
- Members of the Memory Clinic at the National Geriatrics and
Gerontology Hospital, Dr. Raúl Blanco Cervantes, Costa Rica
| | - Rolando Angulo-Cruz
- Members of the Memory Clinic at the National Geriatrics and
Gerontology Hospital, Dr. Raúl Blanco Cervantes, Costa Rica
| | - Ana Maricela Carballo-Alfaro
- Members of the Memory Clinic at the National Geriatrics and
Gerontology Hospital, Dr. Raúl Blanco Cervantes, Costa Rica
| | - Alejandra Arias-Salazar
- Members of the Memory Clinic at the National Geriatrics and
Gerontology Hospital, Dr. Raúl Blanco Cervantes, Costa Rica
| | - Silvia Araya-Segura
- Members of the Memory Clinic at the National Geriatrics and
Gerontology Hospital, Dr. Raúl Blanco Cervantes, Costa Rica
| | - Fernando Morales-Martínez
- Members of the Memory Clinic at the National Geriatrics and
Gerontology Hospital, Dr. Raúl Blanco Cervantes, Costa Rica
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Neurofeedback training improves attention and working memory performance. Clin Neurophysiol 2013; 124:2406-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2013.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bobes MA, Ostrosky F, Diaz K, Romero C, Borja K, Santos Y, Valdés-Sosa M. Linkage of functional and structural anomalies in the left amygdala of reactive-aggressive men. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2012; 8:928-36. [PMID: 22956672 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nss101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Amygdala structural and functional abnormalities have been associated to reactive aggression in previous studies. However, the possible linkage of these two types of anomalies has not been examined. We hypothesized that they would coincide in the same localizations, would be correlated in intensity and would be mediated by reactive aggression personality traits. Here violent (n = 25) and non-violent (n = 29) men were recruited on the basis of their reactive aggression. Callous-unemotional (CU) traits were also assessed. Gray matter concentration (gmC) and reactivity to fearful and neutral facial expressions were measured in dorsal and ventral amygdala partitions. The difference between responses to fearful and neutral facial expressions was calculated (F/N-difference). Violent individuals exhibited a smaller F/N-difference and gmC in the left dorsal amygdala, where a significant coincidence was found in a conjunction analysis. Moreover, the left amygdala F/N-difference and gmC were correlated to each other, an effect mediated by reactive aggression but not by CU. The F/N-difference was caused by increased reactivity to neutral faces. This suggests that anatomical anomalies within local circuitry (and not only altered input) may underlie the amygdala hyper-reactivity to social signals which is characteristic of reactive aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- María A Bobes
- Cuban Neuroscience Center, CNEURO, Ave 25 y 158, Cubanacan, Apartado 12100, La Habana, Cuba.
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Fields JA, Ferman TJ, Boeve BF, Smith GE. Neuropsychological assessment of patients with dementing illness. Nat Rev Neurol 2011; 7:677-87. [PMID: 22045270 DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2011.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Pineda DA, Lopera F, Puerta IC, Trujillo-Orrego N, Aguirre-Acevedo DC, Hincapié-Henao L, Arango CP, Acosta MT, Holzinger SI, Palacio JD, Pineda-Alvarez DE, Velez JI, Martinez AF, Lewis JE, Muenke M, Arcos-Burgos M. Potential cognitive endophenotypes in multigenerational families: segregating ADHD from a genetic isolate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 3:291-9. [PMID: 21779842 DOI: 10.1007/s12402-011-0061-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Endophenotypes are neurobiological markers cosegregating and associated with illness. These biomarkers represent a promising strategy to dissect ADHD biological causes. This study was aimed at contrasting the genetics of neuropsychological tasks for intelligence, attention, memory, visual-motor skills, and executive function in children from multigenerational and extended pedigrees that cluster ADHD in a genetic isolate. In a sample of 288 children and adolescents, 194 (67.4%) ADHD affected and 94 (32.6%) unaffected, a battery of neuropsychological tests was utilized to assess the association between genetic transmission and the ADHD phenotype. We found significant differences between affected and unaffected children in the WISC block design, PIQ and FSIQ, continuous vigilance, and visual-motor skills, and these variables exhibited a significant heritability. Given the association between these neuropsychological variables and ADHD, and also the high genetic component underlying their transmission in the studied pedigrees, we suggest that these variables be considered as potential cognitive endophenotypes suitable as quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in future studies of linkage and association.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Pineda
- Group of Neurosciences of Antioquia, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
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Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common and debilitating illness that impacts neurocognitive function. However, the majority of previous studies varied in methodologic design and rigor, thus minimizing definitive conclusions. The present study was designed to determine the impact of CKD on neurocognitive function through specific examination of CKD factors and therapeutic interventions. We evaluated 120 CKD outpatients and 41 healthy donors (controls) in terms of neurocognitive function, anxiety, and depressive symptomatology, and somnolence. Information regarding medical and treatment history was recorded. Twenty-three percent of CKD patients presented with cognitive impairment. Stage 5 patients had lower scores (p < .05) compared with controls and patients in stage 3 and 4 on measures of global cognitive function. No differences in global cognitive function were found between stage 3 and 4 patients and controls. A greater proportion of patients undergoing hemodialysis relative to those treated with peritoneal dialysis showed impairment on measures of memory functions. Results suggest that stage 5 CKD patients may present with impaired cognitive functions. Anemia appeared to be a key variable that may explain the memory impairment in this sample. Future longitudinal investigations of CKD are warranted to determine the trajectory of cognitive impairment.
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Fonseca RP, Zimmermann N, Scherer LC, Parente MADMP, Ska B. Episodic memory, concentrated attention and processing speed in aging: A comparative study of Brazilian age groups. Dement Neuropsychol 2010; 4:91-97. [PMID: 29213669 PMCID: PMC5619165 DOI: 10.1590/s1980-57642010dn40200003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychological studies on the processing of some specific cognitive functions
throughout aging are essential for the understanding of human cognitive
development from ages 19 to 89.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochele Paz Fonseca
- PhD, Psychology Faculty, Post-Graduate Program in Psychology, Human Cognition, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Coordinator of the Research Group "Neuropsicologia Clínica e Experimental" (GNCE), Porto Alegre RS, Brazil
| | - Nicolle Zimmermann
- Undergraduate Student, Scholarship holder PIBIC-CNPq, Psychology Course, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Member of the Research Group GNCE (PUCRS)
| | - Lilian Cristine Scherer
- PhD, Linguistics Faculty, Post-Graduate Program in Linguistics, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS)
| | - Maria Alice de Mattos Pimenta Parente
- PhD, Psychology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Coordinator of the Laboratory of Neuropsycholinguistics (Neupsilin), Porto Alegre RS, Brazil
| | - Bernadette Ska
- PhD, Faculté de Médecine, École d'Orthophonie et Audiologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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