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Tal-Saban M, Zaguri-Vittenberg S, Ivzori Y. Enhancing Occupational Therapists' Intervention Capabilities With Adolescents With Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Can J Occup Ther 2024:84174241272010. [PMID: 39119699 DOI: 10.1177/00084174241272010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Background. Adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) have an increased risk of participation limitations. Occupational therapy faces knowledge-to-practice gaps among this population. Purpose. To examine the effectiveness of a continuing-education program for occupational therapists working with adolescents with NDDs. Methods. The study used a mixed-method design, including pre-post comparisons of competence and sense of self-efficacy of occupational therapists to work with adolescents with NDDs. Interviews regarding the program's perceived contribution to practice were conducted. Results. Post-program results showed significantly (p < .001) higher professional competence and self-efficacy for interventions and evaluation skills with NDD's adolescents and transition programs as well as higher knowledge about adolescence and NDDs characteristics. Contrary, there was no change in competence and self-efficacy regarding client-centred interventions with adolescents. Program participants increased their professional confidence and incorporated evidence-based methods into routine practice. Conclusions and Implications. The continuing-education program that was examined expanded the occupational therapy practitioner's knowledge and professional skills, resulting in a change in their capacity to practice with adolescents narrowing the knowledge-to-practice gap. Future studies involving the client perspective, regarding their participation may validate and support continuing-education program for occupational therapists.
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Ewing-Cobbs L, Clark A, Keenan H. Long-term Participation and Functional Status in Children Who Experience Traumatic Brain Injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2024; 39:E162-E171. [PMID: 38032836 DOI: 10.1097/htr.0000000000000917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of child and family factors on children's participation outcomes 2 to 3 years following traumatic brain injury (TBI). SETTING Two level 1 pediatric trauma centers. PARTICIPANTS Children aged 0 to 15 years with TBI at all severity levels or an orthopedic injury. DESIGN Prospective cohort. MAIN MEASURES Caregivers completed the Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation (CASP) at 2- and 3-year follow-ups. The CASP was categorized as more than 90 or 90 or less on a 100-point scale, with 90 or less representing the 10th percentile and below in this sample. Modified Poisson regression models were used to describe relative risk of the CASP at 90 or less at 2 to 3 years postinjury, adjusting for preinjury family environment variables and injury group. A secondary analysis only included children who were 31 months or older at injury ( n = 441) to determine whether changes in functional outcome (Pediatric Injury Functional Outcome Scale, PIFOS) and executive functions (Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, BRIEF) from preinjury to 1 year after injury predicted CASP scores at the 2- or 3-year follow-up. RESULTS Seventy-eight percent (596/769) of children who had a completed preinjury survey had a completed CASP. In the adjusted model, children with severe TBI had a nearly 3 times higher risk (RR = 2.90; 95% CI, 1.43-5.87) of reduced participation than children with an orthopedic injury. In the secondary analysis, lower functional skills (5-point increase in 1-year postinjury PIFOS score) (RR = 1.36; 95% CI, 1.18-1.57) and less favorable family function (RR = 1.46; 95% CI, 1.02-2.10) were associated with reduced participation in both girls and boys. CONCLUSION Participation in home, school, and community activities after TBI is related to multiple biopsychosocial factors. Participation-focused interventions are needed to reduce barriers to involvement and assist children and families to close the participation gap across settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Ewing-Cobbs
- Department of Pediatrics and Children's Learning Institute, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (Dr Ewing-Cobbs); and Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah (Ms Clark and Dr Keenan)
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Morgenthaler T, Lynch H, Loebach J, Pentland D, Schulze C. Using the Theory of Affordances to Understand Environment-Play Transactions: Environmental Taxonomy of Outdoor Play Space Features-A Scoping Review. Am J Occup Ther 2024; 78:7804185120. [PMID: 38805416 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2024.050606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The transactions between the physical environment and children's play have not been well studied. The theory of affordances provides a way to better understand how environmental characteristics offer opportunities for play occupation. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between environmental characteristics of outdoor play spaces and children's outdoor play and to develop an environmental taxonomy to support the analysis of play affordances in community play spaces. DATA SOURCES Peer-reviewed literature (1974-2023) was sourced from a previously published scoping review (Morgenthaler, Schulze, et al., 2023). The Academic Search Complete, Avery Index to Architectural Periodicals, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched using the keywords and synonyms of playground, environmental qualities, and children with and without disabilities. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA COLLECTION A secondary analysis of the previously published scoping review was conducted. Included studies were those that provided descriptions of physical environment-play activity transactions. FINDINGS A qualitative content analysis of 45 articles was conducted and used to form an environmental taxonomy. This taxonomy consisted of 14 space and object categories defined by their functional qualities and linked to play affordances. An array of 284 play occupations were identified in different forms. Play affordances of spaces and object categories and their functional environmental qualities were subsequently identified. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study provides evidence to support the understanding of how the physical environment shapes children's outdoor play occupations. Plain-Language Summary: The study authors developed the Environmental Taxonomy of Outdoor Play Space Features as a tool that occupational therapists can use to better understand and describe how the physical environment shapes opportunities for play. The tool could also be useful to justify environmental intervention in schools and public playgrounds to create spaces that support more play for a diversity of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Morgenthaler
- Thomas Morgenthaler, MSc, is PhD Candidate and P4Play Research Fellow, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, and Division of Occupational Therapy & Arts Therapies, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom;
| | - Helen Lynch
- Helen Lynch, PhD, MSc, is Senior Lecturer and Graduate Programme Director, P4Play Consortium, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Janet Loebach
- Janet Loebach, PhD, MEDS, is Assistant Professor, Department of Human Centered Design, and Director, DECA Lab (Design Environments with|for Children & Adolescents), Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Duncan Pentland
- Duncan Pentland, D Health Soc Sci, MSc, is Division Head, P4Play Consortium, Division of Occupational Therapy & Arts Therapies, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Christina Schulze
- Christina Schulze, PhD, MSc, is Professor, P4Play Consortium, Institute of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
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Gothilander J, Axelsson AK, Danielsson H, Almqvist L, Ullenhag A. Factor structure of FUNDES-Child-SE measuring the participation and independence of children with disabilities. Child Care Health Dev 2024; 50:e13306. [PMID: 39014984 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND FUNDES-Child-SE is a proxy rating questionnaire for measuring participation and independence in children with disabilities in a Swedish context. It includes the components of frequency of attendance, engagement and independence. The original, Taiwanese FUNDES-Child 7.0, has previously been found to have a four-factor structure for frequency of participation and a two-factor structure for independence. The aim of this study was to test the factor structure in FUNDES-Child-SE. The factor structure is an important part of construct validity. METHODS Caregivers of 163 children with disabilities aged 6-18 years participated in this cross-sectional study. Exploratory factor analysis was used to find the factor structure for Engagement. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the factor structure for all three components. RESULTS The proposed factor structure for frequency of participation (daily living participation frequency, mobility participation frequency, learning participation frequency and community participation frequency) and independence (daily living independence and social participation independence) fit with data from FUNDES-Child-SE after excluding three to five items and adding two to five covariances of residuals. In the engagement component, two factors, named engagement in informal activities and engagement in formal activities, were found. After excluding one item and adding 10 covariances of residuals, the factor structure had an acceptable fit to data. CONCLUSIONS Differences in components' factor structure indicate that attendance and engagement are separate aspects of participation. Before using numeric scores from FUNDES-Child-SE in clinical settings, responsiveness and interpretability should be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Gothilander
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Anna Karin Axelsson
- CHILD research group, School of Education and Communication, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Henrik Danielsson
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lena Almqvist
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Anna Ullenhag
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden
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Granlund M, Imms C. Participation as a means-implications for intervention reasoning. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2024; 5:1399818. [PMID: 38994330 PMCID: PMC11236800 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2024.1399818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The increased focus among researchers and professionals on participation as an explicit intervention outcome has prompted a paradigm shift in both thought and practice. However, much research centers on altering participation outcomes in specific life situations and stages. This discussion paper considers "participation as a means" in pediatric rehabilitation and special education interventions, emphasizing its role in achieving lasting outcomes. Method This paper uses a Venn diagram approach to consider relations between three core concepts-participation, intervention, and outcomes-and their intersection. The paper's central theme revolves around the intersection of these concepts, wherein participation serves as a means to achieve enduring participation outcomes within the realms of rehabilitation and special education. The discussion is supported by contemporary empirical work and from literature identified in two recent scoping reviews focusing on the intervention process. Results Achieving enduring participation outcomes through participation in the intervention process necessitates creating a learning experience, with children and families actively participating in every step: identifying participation issues, seeking explanations, prioritizing intervention goals, selecting methods, implementing interventions, and evaluating the process and outcomes. Discussion This structured approach supports professionals and researchers to foster the skills and capacity required for lasting participation outcomes for children with impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mats Granlund
- School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Christine Imms
- Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Shiozu H, Kimura D, Iwanaga R, Kurasawa S. Participation as a Predictor of Quality of Life among Japanese Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders Analyzed Using a Machine Learning Algorithm. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:603. [PMID: 38790598 PMCID: PMC11119913 DOI: 10.3390/children11050603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Participation is important for children's quality of life (QOL). This study aimed to identify participation factors that influence QOL among Japanese children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Ninety-two Japanese parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders participated in this study. The parents completed the parent version of the Kid- and Kiddo-KINDL health-related QOL questionnaire and the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth. The data were examined using the random forest algorithm to analyze the participation factors that affected the children's QOL. The analyses revealed that school and community environmental factors that affected participation were the most important predictors of QOL among children. As school and community environments can significantly impact the QOL of children with neurodevelopmental disorders, greater focus should be placed on participation in environmental contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyasu Shiozu
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kimura
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medical Science, Nagoya Woman’s University, Nagoya 467-8610, Japan;
| | - Ryoichiro Iwanaga
- Department of Occupational Therapy Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8520, Japan;
| | - Shigeki Kurasawa
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan;
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Hilly C, Wilson PH, Lucas B, McGuckian TB, Swanton R, Froude EH. Effectiveness of interventions for school-aged-children and adolescents with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Disabil Rehabil 2024; 46:1708-1733. [PMID: 37158227 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2207043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe allied health and educational interventions and their effectiveness for children and adolescents with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). To appraise the quality and strength of studies. METHODS Electronic databases were searched between 2005 and March 2022, identifying non-pharmacological studies supporting function, activity, or participation for FASD participants aged 5-18 years using any quantitative research design. Outcomes were coded using International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, family of Participation Related Constructs and behaviour categories. Multi-level random-effects meta-analysis examined intervention effects. Study methodological quality was evaluated using Cochrane risk of bias tools, RoBiNT, AMSTAR 2 and NHMRC Hierarchy levels of evidence. Certainty of findings were synthesised using GRADE approach. RESULTS The systematic review included 25 studies with 735 participants, 10 of which were analysed by meta-analysis. Body function and structure, activity, behaviour, and sense of self outcomes were pooled. A small, positive effect favouring interventions was found (g = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.15-0.43), however the GRADE certainty was rated as low. No participation outcomes were identified. CONCLUSIONS Some interventions targeting body function and structure, activity and behaviour outcomes were effective. Evidence of interventions that support children's and adolescent's participation as an outcome is lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Hilly
- School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Peter H Wilson
- Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioural & Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Barbara Lucas
- The John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, The University of Sydney
- Physiotherapy Department, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Thomas B McGuckian
- Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioural & Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ruth Swanton
- Occupational Therapy Department, Mercy University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
- Occupational Therapy Department, South Infirmary University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Elspeth H Froude
- School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia
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Kang LJ, Huang HH, Wu YT, Chen CL. Initial evaluation of an environment-based intervention for participation of autistic children: a randomized controlled trial. Disabil Rehabil 2024; 46:1851-1861. [PMID: 37183406 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2209743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy of environment-based intervention on participation outcomes and parent efficacy in autistic children. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-one autistic children 6-10 years old and their parents were randomized to environment-based intervention (n = 11) or usual care (n = 10). The environment-based intervention targets individualized participation goals in leisure and community activities through changing environment and activity demands. The study outcomes were Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), Goal attainment scaling (GAS), and Parent Empowerment and Efficacy Measure (PEEM). Assessments included baseline, 12 weeks (post-test), and 24 weeks (follow-up). Mixed ANOVAs were used to examine within-group and between-group effects in outcome variables. RESULTS The COPM performance and satisfaction scores and GAS T-scores increased after environment-based intervention from baseline to 12 weeks and 24 weeks (p < 0.001) but did not significantly differ from usual care. The medium to large effect sizes of COPM performance and GAS T-scores favored the environment-based intervention. For the PEEM scores, no significant differences were found. CONCLUSIONS Environment-based intervention may support school-age autistic children to participate in self-chosen activities over time. The intervention effects on participation goals and parent efficacy, however, were inconclusive and need further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Ju Kang
- Graduate Institute of Early Intervention, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Han Huang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Graduate Institute of Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Tzu Wu
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ling Chen
- Graduate Institute of Early Intervention, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Mattila M, Honkanen S, Sjögren T, Piirainen A, Aartolahti E. Interaction during equine-facilitated rehabilitation from the rehabilitees' perspective - A phenomenological study. Physiother Theory Pract 2024; 40:999-1010. [PMID: 36437737 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2022.2151332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Interaction has a multidimensional role in equine-facilitated rehabilitation. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to understand rehabilitees' experiences of interaction during equine-facilitated rehabilitation. METHODS Six children and four adults with individual diagnoses or reasons to participate in equine-facilitated rehabilitation were included in this qualitative study. Data were collected by interviewing individually the rehabilitees. A phenomenological Spiegelberg's seven-phase meaning analysis was performed to reveal the meanings. RESULTS Seven meanings were identified: 1) Trust; 2) Friendly horse; 3) Mirror of feelings; 4) Inspiring riding; 5) Feeling competent; 6) Rehabilitee-oriented approach; and 7) Uniting experience. In addition, the essential meanings of the phenomenon form three different circles: circle of recognition, circle of supporting active agency and circle of empowerment. CONCLUSION Interaction during equine-facilitated rehabilitation is essential to rehabilitees in many ways that have important roles in the entire rehabilitation process that aims for empowerment in the rehabilitees' daily lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna Mattila
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sari Honkanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tuulikki Sjögren
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Arja Piirainen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Eeva Aartolahti
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Institute of Rehabilitation, JAMK University of Applied Science, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Duarte Machado E, Cole MH, Miller L, McGuckian TB, Wilson PH. The efficacy of dance interventions for the activity and participation of individuals with cerebral palsy - a systematic review and meta-analysis. Disabil Rehabil 2024; 46:1485-1501. [PMID: 37122166 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2200259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this review was to examine the efficacy of dance interventions for individuals with cerebral palsy (CP), measured at any level of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). A comprehensive search of peer-reviewed articles was performed using six electronic databases. RESULTS Fourteen studies were included in this review, nine of which were also included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analyses yielded a large overall effect for cognitive, motor, and social-emotional function outcomes, with a high degree of heterogeneity between outcome effects, attributable to differences in study design. CONCLUSION Although recent studies provide support for the acceptance and efficacy of dance interventions for people with CP, the systematic review revealed significant limitations in study design (only 2 randomised control trials). High-quality research that measures outcomes across all dimensions of the ICF, and particularly at the level of participation, are needed to improve the level of empirical support for dance-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Duarte Machado
- Development and Disability Over the Lifespan, Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, Australian Catholic University, Australia
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Australia
| | - Michael H Cole
- Development and Disability Over the Lifespan, Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, Australian Catholic University, Australia
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Australia
| | - Laura Miller
- School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, Australia
| | - Thomas B McGuckian
- Development and Disability Over the Lifespan, Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, Australian Catholic University, Australia
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Australia
| | - Peter H Wilson
- Development and Disability Over the Lifespan, Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, Australian Catholic University, Australia
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Australia
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Pickering DM, Gill P, Reagon C. A kaleidoscope of well-being to authentically represent the voices of children and young people with complex cerebral palsy: a case study series. Disabil Rehabil 2024; 46:1339-1353. [PMID: 37098804 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2194680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This paper authentically represents the voices of non-verbal children with cerebral palsy using a case study design. Policy suggests that children should have the right to play and leisure opportunities, however non-verbal children with cerebral palsy have fewer choices. Additionally, children with communication, learning and mobility limitations are usually excluded from research. The aim of this research was to capture the voices of non-verbal children by exploring their well-being impact in terms of their experiences and choices about their level of participation in recreational activities. METHODS A qualitative case series study included interviews, observations, photographs and diaries. Where possible, the diaries were completed by both caregivers and children. Data were analysed thematically, and the lens of positioning theory applied. RESULTS Seven children aged nine to sixteen years participated. The findings showed how equipment, people and environments enabled or hindered the children's participation. The children also advocated as champions for their own well-being. Positioning theory was applied across the data and was adapted offering a way to better understand the children's well-being responses. CONCLUSION The findings demonstrate how these children were able to self-advocate, demonstrating their well-being by their intentional behaviours from their level of participation in a recreational activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn M Pickering
- Physiotherapy, School of Healthcare Studies, Cardiff University, Heath Park, UK
| | - Paul Gill
- Adult Nursing, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Carly Reagon
- Occupational Therapy, School of Healthcare Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Iwanaga Y, Tanaka G, Maruta M, Shiozu H, Kawanaka M, Iwanaga R. Participation Patterns and Associated Factors in Japanese Children With Autism. OTJR-OCCUPATION PARTICIPATION AND HEALTH 2024:15394492241237741. [PMID: 38491761 DOI: 10.1177/15394492241237741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children's participation is an important outcome for children, families, and rehabilitation. OBJECTIVES We compared participation patterns (home and community) of 6- to 12-year-old Japanese children with autism and children with typical development (TD) and explored the associations of participation with familial, environmental, and child-related factors. METHOD Twenty-five mothers of children with autism and 21 mothers of TD children completed a survey covering their child's participation and environment, family empowerment, autism symptoms, sensory processing, behavior, and demographic characteristics. RESULTS Children with autism showed restricted home and community participation. Home involvement was associated with family empowerment and the children's age, whereas home frequency was linked to environmental supportiveness and household income. CONCLUSION Japanese children with autism need appropriate support to address decreased participation. Occupational therapists may focus on family empowerment and the child's environment to facilitate the home participation of children with autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Iwanaga
- Nagasaki University, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
- Nagasaki City Disability Welfare Center, Japan
| | - Goro Tanaka
- Nagasaki University, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Michio Maruta
- Nagasaki University, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | | | - Mizuho Kawanaka
- Nagasaki University, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
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Ullenhag A, Imms C, Anaby D, Kramer JM, Girdler S, Gorter JW, Ketelaar M, Jahnsen RB, Elliott C, Granlund M. How can we reach long-lasting inclusive participation for all? A vision for the future. Child Care Health Dev 2024; 50:e13249. [PMID: 38523460 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
In 2022, an international conference was held focusing on 'participation'. We shared current evidence, identified knowledge gaps and worked together to understand what new knowledge and community and practice changes were needed. This brief communication is a summary of the conference delegates' discussions. We present the key assumptions we make about participation and propose what is needed to create change for societies, communities, families and individuals. While we have some robust evidence to support participation approaches, more is needed, and it is everyone's responsibility to build an inclusive society where participation for all is the reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ullenhag
- Department of Physiotherapy, Academy of Health, Care and Welfare, Mälardalens University, Västerås, Sweden
- Beitostølen Healthsports Center, Beitostølen, Norway
| | - Christine Imms
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dana Anaby
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jessica M Kramer
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Sonya Girdler
- Curtin Autism Research Group, Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jan Willem Gorter
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science and Sports, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn Ketelaar
- Utrecht, Brain Center and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Catherine Elliott
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth Children's Hospital, School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Mats Granlund
- Department of Social Work, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
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Waiserberg N, Horev T, Feder-Bubis P. "When everyone is responsible, no one takes responsibility": exploring pediatric physiotherapy services in Israel. Isr J Health Policy Res 2024; 13:10. [PMID: 38414047 PMCID: PMC10900823 DOI: 10.1186/s13584-024-00597-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to Israel's National Health Insurance Law (1994), the Ministry of Health is responsible for the provision of health services in the country including physiotherapy services; moreover, the Special Education Law (1988), stipulates that physiotherapy services for children with motor disabilities, as well as other allied health services, are provided by the Ministry of Education in educational settings. Thus, children with motor disabilities are entitled PT services under two different laws by two different ministries. METHOD To describe the physiotherapy services for children with motor disabilities and examine how policymakers view these services, we conducted a qualitative study including in-depth semi-structured interviews with 10 policymakers from the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Education, and the national directors of physiotherapy services from three of the four health maintenance organizations in Israel. RESULTS Study results indicate that there is an array of physiotherapy services and providers. Despite the regulation of these services for children with motor disabilities, uncertainty and lack of knowledge were found about various issues. Therefore, the thematic analysis was structured around four descriptive questions: Where do the children receive physiotherapy? Who is eligible for physiotherapy treatment and who receives treatment? What interventions do children with motor disabilities receive? Who provides therapy for children with motor disabilities? CONCLUSIONS Policymakers are dubious regarding the provision of these services, questioning whether children with motor disabilities receive physiotherapy services according to their needs. In addition, the abundance of suppliers does not necessarily improve the quality of services provided to children with motor disabilities, which may ultimately harm their developmental potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilly Waiserberg
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, David Ben Gurion Blvd 1, P.O.B. 653, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Chaim Levanon Street, P.O.B. 39040, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Tuvia Horev
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Guilford Glazer Faculty of Business and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, David Ben Gurion Blvd 1, P.O.B. 653, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Paula Feder-Bubis
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Health Sciences and Guilford Glazer Faculty of Business and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, David Ben Gurion Blvd 1, P.O.B. 653, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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15
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Keetley R, Manning JC, Williams J, Stewart I, Radford K. Child and family health-related quality of life and participation outcomes and goals after acquired brain injury: a cross-sectional survey. Brain Inj 2024; 38:217-226. [PMID: 38363813 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2024.2309244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore longer-term health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and participation outcomes and goals of children and young people (CYP) with acquired brain injuries (ABI) and their families in a region of the UK and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Cross-sectional survey of (5-18 CYP) and their parent-carers 12-43 months following ABI. Included measures of HRQoL, participation, family function and parental wellbeing and demographic and free text questions. RESULTS Ninety-five responses (30% response) were received. 67% of CYP were at risk of impaired HRQoL, 72% had severely impaired participation. 53% of parent-carers reported reduced HRQoL and family functioning, 37% of parent-carers screened positive for anxiety/depression. Relationships exist between CYP participation and HRQoL and parental HRQoL and family functioning. Goals were overwhelmingly activity and participation focused. Participants described the global impact of an ABI on the CYP and family as well as the additional impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on CYP and family wellbeing. CONCLUSION ABI significantly impacts CYP participation and both CYP and parent-carer wellbeing in the long-term, potentially further impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Rehabilitation interventions should address both participation and the psychological wellbeing of CYP with ABI and their parent-carers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Keetley
- Centre of Rehabilitation and Ageing Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Nottingham Children's Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, England
| | - Joseph C Manning
- Nottingham Children's Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, England
- School of Healthcare, University of Leicester, Leicestershire, England
| | - Jane Williams
- Nottingham Children's Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, England
| | - Iain Stewart
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, England
| | - Kathryn Radford
- Centre of Rehabilitation and Ageing Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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16
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Shiozu H, Kimura D, Iwanaga R, Kurasawa S. Participation Strategies of Parents of Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: An Exploratory Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:192. [PMID: 38397304 PMCID: PMC10887658 DOI: 10.3390/children11020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Strategies are critical to promote child participation in important life activities. This study analyzed the participation strategies of the parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Ninety-two Japanese elementary children with neurodevelopmental disorders and their parents were recruited. The parents completed the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY) questionnaire. Strategy text data obtained from the PEM-CY were analyzed with the co-occurrence network and correspondence analyses. The co-occurrence network analysis showed that the commonality of strategies to enable participation at home, school, and community settings was able to explain the child's characteristics when involved in each setting. The correspondence analysis also suggested the need for specific strategies in each setting. The importance of strategies to improve the attitudinal environment and promote the participation of children with neurodevelopmental disorders was evident. Reducing stigma is important in all environments, especially in the public sphere. In addition, specific strategies are needed in each setting, suggesting the importance of context-specific approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyasu Shiozu
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai 487-0027, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kimura
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Nagoya Woman’s University, Nagoya 467-8610, Japan;
| | - Ryoichiro Iwanaga
- Department of Occupational Therapy Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8131, Japan;
| | - Shigeki Kurasawa
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan;
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17
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Keetley R, Manning JC, Williams J, Bennett E, Westlake M, Radford K. Understanding barriers and facilitators to long-term participation needs in children and young people following acquired brain injuries: a qualitative multi-stakeholder study. BRAIN IMPAIR 2024; 25:IB23100. [PMID: 38566298 DOI: 10.1071/ib23100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Background This study focused on exploring the longer-term participation needs of children and young people with acquired brain injury (CYP-ABI) and their families in one region of the UK and identifying the barriers and facilitators of their participation and well-being to inform the development of a behavioural change intervention for clinical implementation. Methods Qualitative interviews were conducted with CYP-ABI and parents. Focus groups were created with health, education, care and charity stakeholders. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) were used to map needs, barriers and facilitators. Results A total of 10 CYP/parent dyads (n = 20) and 17 health, education, care and charity stakeholders were included in this study. Unmet participation needs were mapped to the ICF and barriers/facilitators to the BCW. Significant unmet needs impacting CYP-ABI participation and family well-being were found. Barriers spanned 'Capability', 'Opportunity' and 'Motivation', the greatest being knowledge, skills, social influences, environmental context and resources, social identity and emotion. Facilitators included increasing awareness and understanding, supporting parents, long-term access to specialist assessment and rehabilitation, peer support and integrated collaborative pathways. Conclusion The long-term impact of ABI on CYP and families' participation and well-being were significant, with barriers spanning every sector and level of society. Implementation of collaborative, cross-sector (education, health and social care) accessible and family-centred care pathways is needed to meet the long-term needs of CYP-ABI and their families, ensuring equity of access. Multi-modal, family-centred, needs-led, theory-based interventions should be co-developed with CYP, families and stakeholders to improve the health and well-being outcomes and the lives of CYP-ABI and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Keetley
- Centre for Rehabilitation and Ageing Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2HA, UK; and Nottingham Children's Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Joseph C Manning
- Nottingham Children's Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK; and School of Healthcare, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Jane Williams
- Nottingham Children's Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Emily Bennett
- Nottingham Children's Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Meri Westlake
- Centre for Rehabilitation and Ageing Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2HA, UK
| | - Kathryn Radford
- Centre for Rehabilitation and Ageing Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2HA, UK
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18
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Msall ME. Family Reflections on a Lifecourse Journey after Neonatal Intensive Care: Neurodiversity, Enablement and Hope. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:165. [PMID: 38397277 PMCID: PMC10887092 DOI: 10.3390/children11020165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
In 1969, my sister Christianne was born late preterm with a genetic disorder and given a very pessimistic prognosis. I will describe, from a family perspective, some lifecourse lessons about neurodiversity using the World Health Organization International Classification Model of Functioning (WHO-ICF). This model emphasizes that, in communicating about the complexity of outcomes of disability, attention must be paid to facilitators and barriers for optimizing health, functioning in daily life, and participation in the community. I will describe several developmental lifecourse lessons learned in negotiating fragmented systems of health, education, and community care. I will suggest ways to improve physician-parent communication, focusing on enablement to decrease a family's sense of isolation and despair. I have benefitted from my parents' archives, discussions with all my seven sisters (including Christianne), and discussions with my brother and sister-in law. They all have provided invaluable feedback from a family perspective during Christianne's lived lifecourse journey with neurodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Msall
- Section of Developmental Pediatrics, JP Kennedy Research Center on Intellectual and Neurodevelopmental Disabilities, Comer Children's Hospital, University of Chicago Medicine, 950 East 61st Street Suite 207, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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19
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Hu JCH. Access to health knowledge for health equality: a multi-phase review focused on disability-health. Int J Equity Health 2024; 23:6. [PMID: 38200494 PMCID: PMC10777648 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-023-02080-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The existing evidence base indicates increased interest in knowledge translation (KT), or, the dissemination of research to ensure uptake and impact. Given this definition, this study aimed to review existing scholarship on knowledge translation (KT) of health research to people living with disabilities (PLWD), and assess the current state of accessibility of health knowledge for people living with disabilities. METHODS Given existing heterogeneity in literature as well as a number of varying definitions for both disability and knowledge translation, a reflexive, three-phase approach was utilized to improve methodological soundness. Phase I recognizes that existing review-style studies have been conducted on disability-KT. An existing systematic review on KT specific to the field of rehabilitation and physical medicine was analyzed to assess potential best practices towards inclusivity and accessibility for people living with disability. Phase II used the Center on Knowledge Translation for Disability and Rehabilitation Research (KTDRR) database as an information-source with high-specificity to disability-health KT. Phase III sought to rapidly assess the current landscape of systematic reviews relevant to disability-health KT, with four systematic reviews meeting the inclusion criteria across Cochrane, Psycinfo, CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE. RESULTS The current landscape of disability-health KT is primarily targeted at health professionals who serve PLWD. PLWD are included in KT, mostly as key informants, or as study participants in KT-studies designed as health interventions. Multiple systematic reviews on disability-health KT exist, presenting vastly different foci which prevent assessment of best practices. CONCLUSIONS KT efforts are abundant and can be seen across health research related to disabilities, generating considerable literature and systematic reviews. With regards to meeting the public health objective of equalizing and enhancing access to health knowledge, future knowledge translation efforts intending to provide PLWD with up-to-date health research can be of significant value.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C H Hu
- University of Alberta, 3-58 Corbett (E.A.) Hall, 8205 - 114 St NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G4, Canada.
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
- Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada.
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20
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Krieger B, Ederer F, Amann R, Morgenthaler T, Schulze C, Dawal B. Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the young children participation and environment measure for its use in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland. Front Pediatr 2024; 11:1258377. [PMID: 38239598 PMCID: PMC10794623 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1258377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Concepts such as participation and environment may differ across cultures. Consequently, cultural equivalence must be assured when using a measure like the Young Children Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM) in other settings than the original English-speaking contexts. This study aimed to cross-culturally translate and adapt the YC-PEM into German as it is used in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. Methods Following international guidelines, two translations were compared, and the research and expert team made the first adaptations. Twelve caregivers of children with and without disabilities from three German-speaking countries participated in two rounds of think-aloud interviews. Data were analyzed by content analysis to look for item, semantic, operational, conceptual, and measurement equivalence to reach a cultural equivalence version in German. Results Adaptations were needed in all fields but prominently in item, operational, and conceptual equivalence. Operational equivalence resulted in graphical adaptations in the instructions and questions to make the German version of YC-PEM, YC-PEM (G), more user-friendly. Conclusion This study presents a cross-cultural translation and adaptation process to develop a German version of the YC-PEM suitable for Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. A culturally adapted YC-PEM (G) is now available for research, practice, and further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Krieger
- Institute of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Friedrich Ederer
- Department of Economic and Social Sciences, Institute for Social Medicine, Rehabilitation Sciences and Health Services Research, Nordhausen University of Applied Sciences, Nordhausen, Germany
| | - Ruth Amann
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Graz University Clinic for Pediatrics and Adolescents Medicine, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Morgenthaler
- Institute of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Christina Schulze
- Institute of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Britta Dawal
- Department of Education and Social Sciences, South Westphalia University of Applied Sciences, Soest, Germany
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21
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Thompson-Hodgetts S. Focusing on Neurodiversity-Affirming Environments to Support Meaningful Participation: A Commentary on "Participation Patterns of Israeli Children with and without Autism, and the Impact of Environment". Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2024; 44:161-163. [PMID: 38166587 DOI: 10.1080/01942638.2024.2296391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Thompson-Hodgetts
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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22
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Felix JB, de Campos AC, Logan SW, Machado J, Souza Monteiro K, Longo E. Go Zika Go: feasibility study with modified motorized ride-on cars for the mobility of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS). Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38166551 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2023.2300052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the feasibility of an intervention using modified ride-on cars in terms of acceptability and potential changes in goal attainment, mobility, social function, and participation of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS). MATERIALS AND METHODS A pre- and post-intervention feasibility study was conducted with children with CZS, levels IV and V of the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). The intervention consisted of 12 weeks of training (3 times a week for 40 min per session) and 4 weeks of follow-up. The primary outcomes included adherence, satisfaction, and learning in mobility. Secondary outcomes encompassed goal attainment, mobility, social/cognitive function, and participation. Descriptive statistics were performed. To explore potential individual changes with the intervention, Wilcoxon test was used to analyze Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory - Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT) data and Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM)/Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY), along with standard error measurements of the PEDI-CAT domains. RESULTS Four children participated (median age 4.75 years; two females: three at level V on the GMFCS). Adherence was 75% of the total intervention time, and family members reported being satisfied or very satisfied. Children showed gains in learning the use of the modified ride-on cars and an increase in goal attainment after the intervention. Individual changes were observed in the PEDI-CAT domains (mobility and social/cognitive), but there were no significant changes in participation outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Children with CZS at GMFCS levels IV and V can learn to use motorized ride-on cars, attainment goals, and experience satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Bendito Felix
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Rio Grande do Norte/Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairi, Santa Cruz, Brazil
| | | | - Samuel W Logan
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Julianne Machado
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Rio Grande do Norte/Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairi, Santa Cruz, Brazil
| | - Karoline Souza Monteiro
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Rio Grande do Norte/Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairi, Santa Cruz, Brazil
| | - Egmar Longo
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Rio Grande do Norte/Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairi, Santa Cruz, Brazil
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Bernard M, Hoffmann L, Richter M, Völlm C, Seyda M, Fink A, Dawal B. A pilot study to develop a participation self-assessment tool for adolescents: The Social Participation Inventory (SPI). Child Care Health Dev 2024; 50:e13164. [PMID: 37594197 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Participation is one of the key goals of re/habilitative processes. Since participation impacts adolescents' social-emotional development and overall health, this goal is particularly important for them. However, to date, no German-speaking self-assessment tool for participation among adolescents is available. This study sought therefore to develop such a tool and to test its psychometric properties. METHODS Based on a preliminary qualitative study, we developed 133 items for a pilot version of the Social Participation Inventory (SPI). The SPI assesses the objective dimension (i.e., attendance) and the subjective dimension (i.e., involvement and satisfaction) of participation. To test the psychometric properties of the SPI, we conducted a quantitative cross-sectional survey and applied the SPI to n = 151 adolescents with and without disabilities and/or chronic diseases. RESULTS By using principal component analyses, we examined the SPI's consistency and verified the theoretical considerations regarding the two components of participation (i.e., objective and subjective dimensions). Items that did not load sufficiently on components were removed after careful theoretical-based consideration. The condensed version of the SPI consists of 39 items that assess participation and 18 items to assess the perceived importance of respective areas of life. The SPI shows very good overall reliability (Cronbach's α = .920) and good validity. CONCLUSION This study provides a new psychometrically tested participation self-assessment scale for adolescence with and without disabilities and/or chronic diseases. Further research is needed to re-evaluate its psychometric properties and to evaluate the application of the SPI in clinical and scientific contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Bernard
- Institute of Medical Sociology (IMS), Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Laura Hoffmann
- Institute of Medical Sociology (IMS), Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- Chair of Social Determinants of Health, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Richter
- Institute of Medical Sociology (IMS), Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- Chair of Social Determinants of Health, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Miriam Seyda
- Chair of School and Teaching (Physical Education), Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Astrid Fink
- Kreis Groß-Gerau, Department of Health, Groß-Gerau, Germany
| | - Britta Dawal
- Department of Educational-and Social Sciences, University of Applied Sciences South Westphalia, Iserlohn, Germany
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Waisman-Nitzan M, Ivzori Y, Anaby D. Promoting Participation-Focused Practices in Inclusive Educational Settings: Stakeholders' Perspectives Following a Knowledge Translation Initiative. Am J Occup Ther 2023; 77:7706205050. [PMID: 37922537 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2023.050262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Available participation-focused interventions (e.g., the Pathways and Resources for Engagement and Participation intervention [PREP]), are not well integrated into practice, indicating a knowledge-to-practice gap. OBJECTIVE To explore the perspectives of school-based (SB) occupational therapists and occupational therapy managers following knowledge translation (KT) programs for facilitating participation-based practices in inclusive education. DESIGN This was an implementation qualitative study. After taking part in KT programs for implementing PREP, which were tailored to the needs and contexts of each stakeholder group, occupational therapists participated in focus groups, and occupational therapy managers responded to open-ended survey questions. A content analysis was done separately for each group, then integrated and organized according to the Participation-focused KT (P-KT) framework. SETTING Inclusive educational setting. PARTICIPANTS Seven occupational therapists working in inclusive schools and 39 occupational therapy managers. RESULTS We identified 10 themes addressing the micro, meso, and macro levels of the P-KT framework across the two groups. Five themes, common to all participants, addressed micro (e.g., setting participation-focused goals) and meso (e.g., school-PREP fit) levels. Macro-level themes were addressed by managers only (e.g., anchoring PREP to existing policy of the Israeli Ministry of Education). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Targeting different stakeholders at the micro and meso levels of the educational system can initiate a shift in practice toward a focus on participation. KT intersectoral initiatives at the macro level (e.g., targeting community services and local policies), and engaging other stakeholders (e.g., students, families, and educators), are required to ensure the sustainability of participation-based practices. What This Article Adds: The authors present two knowledge translation programs that target both occupational therapists and managers in the educational system. The programs promote a shift in school-based occupational therapy services toward a focus on participation and environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Waisman-Nitzan
- Michal Waisman-Nitzan, PhD, BOT, is Research and Teaching Fellow, Occupational Therapy Department, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel;
| | - Yonat Ivzori
- Yonat Ivzori, PhD, BOT, is Researcher and Lecturer, Occupational Therapy Department, Zefat Academic College, Zefat, Israel, and Researcher and Lecturer, Special Education Department, Oranim College of Education, Kiryat Tiv'on, Israel
| | - Dana Anaby
- Dana Anaby, PhD, BOT, is Associate Professor, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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McBain K, Dinh C, Haffar M, Steinberg E, Cachecho S, Bussières A, Dahan-Oliel N. Perspectives from clinicians and managers: facilitators and barriers to the uptake of rehabilitation guidance for children with arthrogryposis. Disabil Rehabil 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37782214 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2263361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the perceived facilitators and barriers among clinicians and managers about the uptake of expert guidance for rehabilitation of children with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) in practice. METHODS Qualitative study using individual interviews, guided by the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), to explore beliefs and to identify facilitators and barriers to guidance uptake. Interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of 15 clinicians working with children with AMC and four pediatric clinical managers using Microsoft Teams©. Interviews were then transcribed verbatim and analyzed by four independent reviewers using deductive and inductive coding. RESULTS The TDF domains of Environmental Context and Resources, Behavioural Regulation, Reinforcement, Beliefs about Consequences, and Social Influences were shared amongst clinicians and clinical managers across North America and Europe as being relevant and influential on the target behaviour of using rehabilitation expert guidance to manage pediatric patients. Among clinicians only, the domain Memory, Attention, and Decision-Making Processes was also found relevant. Among managers only, the domain Social/Professional Role and Identity was found relevant. CONCLUSIONS Coupling shared relevant domains amongst clinicians and managers with individual supports and barriers helps to map out what is needed to promote the uptake of rehabilitation guidance at multiple levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly McBain
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Cameron Dinh
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Melanie Haffar
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Emily Steinberg
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sarah Cachecho
- Clinical Research Department, Shriners Hospital for Children, Montreal, Canada
| | - André Bussières
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Département Chiropratique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Noémi Dahan-Oliel
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Clinical Research Department, Shriners Hospital for Children, Montreal, Canada
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Kilgour G, Stott NS, Steele M, Adair B, Hogan A, Imms C. The Journey to Sustainable Participation in Physical Activity for Adolescents Living with Cerebral Palsy. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1533. [PMID: 37761494 PMCID: PMC10528208 DOI: 10.3390/children10091533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To understand adolescents' and their parents' perspectives on 'being active', this study explored the experience of participation in physical activity (PA), the role of long-term participation in PA, and the importance of remaining active for life. METHODS Eight ambulant adolescents with CP (aged 11-16 years, seven male) participated in a high-level mobility programme twice per week for 12 weeks. Guided using interpretive description, adolescents and 12 of their parents were interviewed before, after and nine months following the programme. Thirty-eight interviews were coded, analysed, and interpreted, informed by audit information, reflective journaling, and team discussions. RESULTS Adolescents and their parents highly value being active now and into adulthood. Sustainable participation in PA requires adolescents and families to navigate complex environments (interpersonal, organisational, community, and policy). Core themes were: 'Just Doing it', 'Getting the Mix Right' (right people, right place, right time), 'Balancing the Continua' and 'Navigating the Systems'. The continua involved balancing intra-personal attributes: 'I will try anything' through to 'I will do it if I want to' and 'It's OK to be different' through to 'It sucks being disabled'. CONCLUSIONS The journey to sustainable participation was complex and dynamic. Experiences of successful journeys are needed to help adolescents with CP "stay on track" to sustainable participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaela Kilgour
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia;
| | - Ngaire Susan Stott
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Grafton Road, Auckland 1023, New Zealand;
| | - Michael Steele
- School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, 1100 Nudgee Road, Banyo, QLD 4014, Australia;
| | - Brooke Adair
- Grow Strong Children’s Physiotherapy, Melbourne, VIC 3185, Australia;
| | - Amy Hogan
- Cerebral Palsy Society of New Zealand, Auckland 1023, New Zealand;
| | - Christine Imms
- Cerebral Palsy Society of New Zealand, Auckland 1023, New Zealand;
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McPhee PG, Pozniak K, Khetani MA, Campbell W, Dix L, Phoenix M. Establishing and sustaining authentic organizational partnerships in childhood disability research: lessons learned. RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2023; 9:55. [PMID: 37474967 PMCID: PMC10360233 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-023-00466-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
There is an increased interest from both researchers and knowledge users to partner in research to generate meaningful research ideas, implement research projects, and disseminate research findings. There is accumulating research evidence to suggest the benefits of engaging children/youth with disabilities and their parents/families in research partnerships; however, less is known about the benefits of, and challenges to, engaging organizations as partners in research. The purpose of this commentary is to reflect on successful organizational partnership experiences from the perspectives of researchers at an internationally-recognized childhood disability research centre (CanChild), and to identify and share key ingredients for developing partnerships between organizations and academic institutions. A companion study is underway to examine partnership experiences with CanChild from the partners' perspective. Four CanChild researchers and two co-facilitators participated in a collaborative auto-ethnography approach to share experiences with organizational research partnerships and to reflect, interpret, and synthesize common themes and lessons learned. The researchers and facilitators met virtually via Zoom for 105 min. Researchers were asked to discuss the following: the formation of their organizational partnerships; if/how partnerships evolved over time; if/how partnerships were sustained; and lessons learned about benefits and challenges to building research partnerships with organizations. The meeting was recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed by the facilitators to identify and synthesize common experiences and reflections. Multiple rounds of asynchronous reflection and feedback supported refinement of the final set of analytic themes. Researchers agreed that partnerships with organizations should be formed through a mutual interest, and that partnerships evolved by branching to include new organizations and researchers, while also involving trainees. Researchers identified the importance of defining roles and responsibilities of key individuals within each partnering group to sustain the partnership. Lessons learned from organizational partnerships included reciprocity between the partnering organization and academic institution, leveraging small pockets of funds to sustain a partnership over time, and building a strong rapport with individuals in a partnership. This commentary summarized lessons-learned and provided recommendations for researchers and organizations to consider when forming, growing, and sustaining research partnerships over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick G McPhee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, Health Sciences Centre, 3N26, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada.
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Kinga Pozniak
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mary A Khetani
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wenonah Campbell
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Leah Dix
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Michelle Phoenix
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Rizk S, Kaelin VC, Sim JGC, Murphy NJ, McManus BM, Leland NE, Stoffel A, James L, Barnekow K, Papautsky EL, Khetani MA. Implementing an Electronic Patient-Reported Outcome and Decision Support Tool in Early Intervention. Appl Clin Inform 2023; 14:91-107. [PMID: 36724883 PMCID: PMC9891850 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1760631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to identify and prioritize early intervention (EI) stakeholders' perspectives of supports and barriers to implementing the Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM), an electronic patient-reported outcome (e-PRO) tool, for scaling its implementation across multiple local and state EI programs. METHODS An explanatory sequential (quan > QUAL) mixed-methods study was conducted with EI families (n = 6), service coordinators (n = 9), and program leadership (n = 7). Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were used to share select quantitative pragmatic trial results (e.g., percentages for perceived helpfulness of implementation strategies) and elicit stakeholder perspectives to contextualize these results. Three study staff deductively coded transcripts to constructs in the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Data within CFIR constructs were inductively analyzed to generate themes that were rated by national early childhood advisors for their relevance to longer term implementation. RESULTS All three stakeholder groups (i.e., families, service coordinators, program leadership) identified thematic supports and barriers across multiple constructs within each of four CFIR domains: (1) Six themes for "intervention characteristics," (2) Six themes for "process," (3) three themes for "inner setting," and (4) four themes for "outer setting." For example, all stakeholder groups described the value of the YC-PEM e-PRO in forging connections and eliciting meaningful information about family priorities for efficient service plan development ("intervention characteristics"). Stakeholders prioritized reaching families with diverse linguistic preferences and user navigation needs, further tailoring its interface with automated data capture and exchange processes ("process"); and fostering a positive implementation climate ("inner setting"). Service coordinators and program leadership further articulated the value of YC-PEM e-PRO results for improving EI access ("outer setting"). CONCLUSION Results demonstrate the YC-PEM e-PRO is an evidence-based intervention that is viable for implementation. Optimizations to its interface are needed before undertaking hybrid type-2 and 3 multisite trials to test these implementation strategies across state and local EI programs with electronic data capture capabilities and diverse levels of organizational readiness and resources for implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrin Rizk
- Children's Participation in Environment Research Lab, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States,Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Vera C. Kaelin
- Children's Participation in Environment Research Lab, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States,Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Julia Gabrielle C. Sim
- Children's Participation in Environment Research Lab, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Natalie J. Murphy
- Department of Health Systems, Management, and Policy, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Beth M. McManus
- Department of Health Systems, Management, and Policy, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Natalie E. Leland
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Ashley Stoffel
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Lesly James
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Lenoir-Rhyne University, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - Kris Barnekow
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Elizabeth Lerner Papautsky
- Department of Biomedical and Health Information Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Mary A. Khetani
- Children's Participation in Environment Research Lab, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States,Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States,Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States,CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada,Address for correspondence Mary A. Khetani, ScD, OTR/L Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Illinois Chicago1919 West Taylor Street, Room 316A, Chicago, IL 60612-7250United States
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Tyack Z. The greatest challenges and solutions to improve children's health and well-being worldwide in the next decade and beyond: Using complex systems and implementation science approaches. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1128642. [PMID: 36923277 PMCID: PMC10009164 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1128642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The health and well-being of children is paramount to health and well-being of society and is the foundation of health and well-being later in life. This paper presents the perspective that a complex systems approach that embeds implementation science is needed to address the rising challenges to child health and well-being in this decade (2020-2030) and beyond. Reflection on facilitators of the success of programs deemed promising to address child health and well-being in the past decade (2010-2020) is presented, to advance programs to address children's health and well-being. A priority that needs to be addressed is developing, testing and using theories of child and family health and well-being (and related initiatives) that can be used to build on existing successes to make progress. Understanding context including further elucidating the drivers of child health and well-being at multiple levels of relevant systems (e.g., health, education, community) across the life course, and considering implications for caregivers also require greater consideration. Methods to address future challenges to child health and well-being include co-designing initiatives that support child health and well-being with children and families themselves rather than using predesigned initiatives, thoughtful outcome selection, and reporting the challenges of implementing future programs to promote learning. The approaches, priorities and methods presented can be used to design or refine interventions, models or care or community-based initiatives and provide new direction to fields of child health enquiry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zephanie Tyack
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation and Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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King G, Bowman LR, Curran CJ, Oh A, Thompson L, McDougall C, Menna-Dack D, Howson-Strong L. A case study of a strategic initiative in pediatric rehabilitation transition services: An insiders' perspective on team principles and practices. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2022; 3:999973. [PMID: 36569639 PMCID: PMC9786113 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2022.999973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aims The aim was to describe an innovative initiative that took place in a pediatric rehabilitation hospital. The goal of this organization-wide strategic initiative, called the Transition Strategy, was to improve service delivery to children/youth with disabilities and their families at times of life transition. The research question was: What are the key elements that have contributed to the success of the Strategy, from the perspective of team members? The objectives were to describe: (a) the guiding principles underlying team functioning and team practices, (b) key enablers of positive team functioning, (c) the nature of effective team practices, and (d) lessons learned. Methods A holistic descriptive case study was conducted, utilizing historical documents, tracked outcome data, and the experiences and insights of multidisciplinary team members (the authors). Reflecting an insiders' perspective, the impressions of team members were key sources of data. The perspectives of team members were used to generate key teamwork principles, enablers of team functioning, team practices, and key learnings. Findings and Discussion Team members identified four guiding humanistic principles (respect, support, partnership, and open communication). These principles underpinned three novel practices that contributed to team effectiveness in the eyes of team members: supportive relational practices, human-centered co-design, and solution-focused communication. Key enablers were the relational style of leadership, and a team climate of innovation, autonomy, and trust, supported by the organizational vision. This team climate fostered a sense of psychological safety, thereby encouraging both experimentation and learning from failure. Conclusions This article provides information for other healthcare organizations interested in understanding the Strategy's value and its implementation. It provides a practical example of how to adopt a humanistic approach to health care, leading to both innovative service development and thriving among team members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian King
- Bloorview Research Institute and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Correspondence: Gillian King
| | - Laura R. Bowman
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - C. J. Curran
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anna Oh
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laura Thompson
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carolyn McDougall
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dolly Menna-Dack
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laura Howson-Strong
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Connaghan KP, Baylor C, Romanczyk M, Rickwood J, Bedell G. Communication and Social Interaction Experiences of Youths With Congenital Motor Speech Disorders. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2022; 31:2609-2627. [PMID: 36215658 PMCID: PMC9911099 DOI: 10.1044/2022_ajslp-22-00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to explore the communication and social interaction experiences of adolescents with congenital motor speech disorders due to cerebral palsy or Down syndrome, with the aim of identifying clinical and research needs to support the development and implementation of speech-language interventions. METHOD Five male youths (ages 14-18 years) with congenital motor speech disorders and one of their parents participated in face-to-face, semistructured interviews designed to understand communication and social experiences in daily life. Interviews were audio-recorded and orthographically transcribed offline. Content was coded according to topic areas emerging in the data. Themes were developed to illustrate the most salient and representative aspects of participants' experiences according to the phenomenological tradition that recognizes that participants are experts in their "lived experience." RESULTS Participants described the youths' day-to-day communication experiences, including facilitators and barriers to successful social interactions. Thematic analysis revealed three main themes: (a) strong core relationships amidst sparse, superficial interactions in daily life; (b) the complicated picture of why; and (c) how speech-language pathologists can help. CONCLUSIONS Participants reported that the impact of congenital motor speech disorders on social interactions and experiences became more apparent in adolescence than in earlier childhood. Addressing communication challenges to meet the unique social demands of this period requires tailored interventions that target multiple contributing factors beyond speech impairment, such as social communication skills, negative communication partner attitudes, and participation opportunities. Shifting practice toward a life participation approach to communication intervention stands to substantially improve the long-term social outcomes of adolescents with motor speech disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn P. Connaghan
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northeastern University, Boston, MA
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA
| | - Carolyn Baylor
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Megan Romanczyk
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northeastern University, Boston, MA
| | - Jessica Rickwood
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northeastern University, Boston, MA
| | - Gary Bedell
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Tufts University, Medford, MA
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King G, Smart E, Bowman L, Pinto M. Social participation interventions targeting relational outcomes for young people with physical and developmental disabilities: an umbrella review and narrative synthesis. Disabil Rehabil 2022:1-14. [PMID: 35695048 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2085332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To synthesize knowledge about social participation interventions targeting relational outcomes for young people with physical and developmental disabilities.Method: An umbrella review with a narrative synthesis was conducted to integrate findings of review articles examining social participation interventions targeting relational outcomes (e.g., peer interaction and friendships). Six databases were searched to identify reviews published between 2010 and 2021.Results: Five reviews were identified, examining participation interventions, social/community integration interventions, recreational sport programs, online peer mentorship programs, and augmentative and alternative communication interventions to promote social interaction with peers. Interventions associated with improvements in relational outcomes included group-based programs, programs involving personalized goals, arts-based programs, and multi-component social communication interventions. Recommendations for future research included better description of interventions to identify active ingredients and key mechanisms, measurement of participants' experiences, and the need for interventions to be aligned with the nature of the outcomes examined. Preliminary intervention principles are proposed to guide the design of social participation interventions: individualizing, contextualizing, and immersion in social settings.Conclusions: There are multiple pathways by which to influence the relational outcomes of young people with disabilities. There are implications for the design of social participation interventions based on an ecological/experiential and relational perspective.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONImprovements in relational outcomes are associated with participation in group-based programs, programs involving personalized goals, arts-based programs, and multi-component social communication interventions.Three evidence-informed principles can help guide the design of social participation interventions: (1) personalizing, (2) contextualizing, and (3) immersion in social settings.Greater attention to aligning the nature of intervention with desired outcomes is needed to more effectively measure and promote relational outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian King
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eric Smart
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Laura Bowman
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Madhu Pinto
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Canada
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Waisman-Nitzan M, Ivzori Y, Anaby D. Implementing Pathways and Resources for Engagement and Participation (PREP) for Children with Disabilities in Inclusive Schools: A Knowledge Translation Strategy. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2022; 42:526-541. [PMID: 35189769 DOI: 10.1080/01942638.2022.2037809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Aims: To examine the effectiveness of PREP (Pathways and Resources for Engagement and Participation) knowledge translation (KT)-program on (a) change in practice behaviors and improved knowledge of school-based occupational therapists, and (b) participation of children with disabilities in inclusive education.Methods: A mixed-methods design was employed. Therapists (n = 39) completed a 30-hour program. Each therapist applied PREP intervention to one child (n = 39) aged 4-15 (Mean = 9.31, SD = 2.4). Therapists' outcomes included: (a) knowledge of PREP evaluated using a clinical vignette, analyzed descriptively, (b) change in practice behavior measured by the Professional Evaluation and Reflection on Change Tool (PERFECT), analyzed thematically. Change in children' participation pre- and post-KT-program and during follow-up was measured by the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), analyzed using ANOVA.Results: Therapists acquired knowledge of PREP (vignette mean score 17.7/20). PERFECT revealed therapists' self-perceived changes in practice: incorporating an environmental perspective, expanding partnerships, and redirecting focus on participation. Completing the KT-program was a primary enabler and reason for change. Children's participation significantly improved post KT-program and during follow-up in both performance (p < 0.001) and satisfaction (p < 0.001).Conclusions. KT strategies, as illustrated in this study, accelerated the uptake of evidence-based interventions, minimizing existing 'know-do' gaps and promoting children's health through participation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yonat Ivzori
- Special education, Oranim Academic College of Education, Tivon, Israel
| | - Dana Anaby
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, QC
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Imms C, Reddihough D, Shepherd DA, Kavanagh A. Social Outcomes of School Leavers With Cerebral Palsy Living in Victoria. Front Neurol 2021; 12:753921. [PMID: 34970206 PMCID: PMC8712328 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.753921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: In Australia, the National Disability Strategy provides a framework to guide actions and investment to achieve equity in social inclusion and economic participation for people with disability. We investigated the social outcomes of school leavers with cerebral palsy (CP) in Victoria, Australia and explored the determinants of desirable outcomes. Methods: We used the Victorian CP Register to invite all adults with CP aged 18-25 years (n = 649). On-line and/or paper-based surveys explored participation in education, employment, community activities, living situation, relationships and life satisfaction. Functional and health status data were collected. Social outcomes were summarized descriptively and compared between individuals with CP and non-disabled peers aged 18-25 years from the Household Income and Labor Dynamics in Australia dataset. Within the CP cohort we explored whether physical and mental health and level of functioning were associated with social outcomes. In addition, a descriptive comparison was undertaken between the social outcomes of the current CP cohort with that of a previously reported 2007 cohort. Results: Ninety participants (57% male; mean age 22.4 years (SD: 2.2) in 2020; 61.1% self-reported) provided data for analyses; response rate 16.9%. CP characteristics were similar between respondents and non-respondents. In comparison to similar aged peers, 79.8% had completed secondary school (compared to 83.2%); 32.6% (compared to 75.8%) were in paid work; 87.5% (compared to 48.2%) were living in their parental home; and 3.4% (compared to 31.6%) were married or partnered. Individuals with CP and higher levels of functional capacity and better physical health were more likely to undertake post-secondary education. Higher levels of functional capacity and physical health, as well as lower mental health status were associated with being employed. Conclusions: While foundational education completion rates were similar to non-disabled peers, significant gaps in social outcomes remain, including residence in the parental home and single status. While addressing these issues is challenging, substantial efforts are needed to reduce these disparities-work that needs to be done in collaboration with people with CP and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Imms
- Apex Australia Foundation Chair of Neurodevelopment and Disability, Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Dinah Reddihough
- Principal Research Fellow, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Daisy A. Shepherd
- Biostatistician, Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Anne Kavanagh
- Chair in Disability and Health, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Participation According to Clinicians Working with Young Children with Developmental Disabilities: A Long Way to Go. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 52:4883-4896. [PMID: 34800226 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05374-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Participation has become an important measure of outcome in child rehabilitation as young children with developmental disabilities are increasingly at risk of decreased participation. Therefore, this study garnered information on clinicians' perspectives regarding perceived facilitators and barriers when rendering participation-based interventions using a qualitative research design. Semi-structured interviews of clinicians (Ns = 12, 25-57 years) were conducted and evaluated via an inductive thematic analysis. Results denote that current mechanisms of providing participation-based interventions resembled traditionally focused interventions; thus, resulting in a knowledge-to-practice gap. Clinicians desired more opportunities to communicate with caregivers and to be able to influence the children' s natural environments. They also identified shortness of time, resources, and rigid health care regulations as barriers hampering the efficacy of participation-based services.
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Imms C. How Much Participation is Enough? A Commentary on the "Community Participation of School-Aged Children: Who is at Risk of Restricted Participation?". Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2021; 41:464-466. [PMID: 34392776 DOI: 10.1080/01942638.2021.1959795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Imms
- Apex Australia Foundation Chair of Neurodevelopment and Disability, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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