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Gözcü S, Polat HK, Gültekin Y, Ünal S, Karakuyu NF, Şafak EK, Doğan O, Pezik E, Haydar MK, Aytekin E, Kurt N, Laçin BB. Formulation of hesperidin-loaded in situ gel for ocular drug delivery: a comprehensive study. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:5846-5859. [PMID: 38385802 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic conjunctivitis is one of the most common eye disorders. Different drugs are used for its treatment. Hesperidin is an active substance isolated from Citrus sinensis L. (Rutaceae) fruit peels, with known anti-inflammatory activity but low solubility. It was complexed with cyclodextrin and encapsulated in situ gel to extend its duration in the eye. RESULTS The optimized formulation comprised 1% hesperidin, 1.5% hydroxyethyl cellulose, and 16% poloxamer 407. The viscosity at 25 °C was 492 ± 82 cP, and at 35 °C it was 8875 ± 248 cP, the pH was 7.01 ± 0.03, gelation temperature was 34 ± 1.3 °C, and gelation time was 33 ± 1.2 s. There was a 66% in vitro release in the initial 2 h, with a burst effect. A lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition test determined that hesperidin was active at high doses on leukotyrens seen in the body in allergic diseases. In cell-culture studies, the hesperidin cyclodextrin complex loaded in situ gel, BRN9-CD (poloxamer 16%, hydroxy ethyl cellulose (HEC) 1.5%), enhanced cell viability in comparison with the hesperidin solution. It was determined that BRN9-CD did not cause any irritation in the ocular tissues in the Draize test. CONCLUSION The findings of this study demonstrate the potential of the in situ gel formulation of hesperidin in terms of ease of application and residence time on the ocular surface. Due to its notable LOX inhibition activity and positive outcomes in the in vivo Draize test, it appears promising for incorporation into pharmaceutical formulations. © 2024 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sefa Gözcü
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Heybet Kerem Polat
- Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health, Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yakup Gültekin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sedat Ünal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nasıf Fatih Karakuyu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Esra Köngül Şafak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Osman Doğan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Pezik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Kerim Haydar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Eren Aytekin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nihat Kurt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Burak Batuhan Laçin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Wang J, Chen C, Guo Q, Gu Y, Shi TQ. Advances in Flavonoid and Derivative Biosynthesis: Systematic Strategies for the Construction of Yeast Cell Factories. ACS Synth Biol 2024. [PMID: 39145487 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.4c00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Flavonoids, a significant group of natural polyphenolic compounds, possess a broad spectrum of pharmacological effects. Recent advances in the systematic metabolic engineering of yeast cell factories (YCFs) provide new opportunities for enhanced flavonoid production. Herein, we outline the latest research progress on typical flavonoid products in YCFs. Advanced engineering strategies involved in flavonoid biosynthesis are discussed in detail, including enhancing precursor supply, cofactor engineering, optimizing core pathways, eliminating competitive pathways, relieving transport limitations, and dynamic regulation. Additionally, we highlight the existing problems in the biosynthesis of flavonoid glucosides in yeast, such as endogenous degradation of flavonoid glycosides, substrate promiscuity of UDP-glycosyltransferases, and an insufficient supply of UDP-sugars, with summaries on the corresponding solutions. Discussions also cover other typical postmodifications like prenylation and methylation, and the recent biosynthesis of complex flavonoid compounds in yeast. Finally, a series of advanced technologies are envisioned, i.e., semirational enzyme engineering, ML/DL algorithn, and systems biology, with the aspiration of achieving large-scale industrial production of flavonoid compounds in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing 210046, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Chen
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing 210046, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Guo
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing 210046, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Gu
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing 210046, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Qiong Shi
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing 210046, People's Republic of China
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Păcularu-Burada B, Cîrîc AI, Begea M. Anti-Aging Effects of Flavonoids from Plant Extracts. Foods 2024; 13:2441. [PMID: 39123632 PMCID: PMC11311508 DOI: 10.3390/foods13152441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a natural and irreversible process, affecting living organisms by negatively impacting the tissues' and cells' morphology and functionality and consequently being responsible for aging-related diseases. Taking into account the actual preoccupations of both consumers and researchers, healthy anti-aging alternatives are being intensively studied in order to address such concerns. Due to their functional features, plant flavonoids can be considered valuable nutraceuticals. This paper highlights the possibilities to use flavonoids extracted from various plants for their anti-aging potential on the skin, brain, and heart. Moreover, their anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic properties are summarized, along with the senescence-associated mechanisms. Both the nutraceutical and cosmeceutical fields are continuously developing and flavonoids originating from plants are promising candidates to obtain such products. Thus, the bioactive compounds' extraction and their subsequent involvement in innovative product manufacturing must be carefully performed while being aware of the various intrinsic and extrinsic factors that may affect the phytochemicals' structures, bioavailability, and health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Păcularu-Burada
- ICA Research & Development S.R.L., 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Dan Voiculescu Foundation for the Development of Romania, 011885 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru-Ionuț Cîrîc
- Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independenței, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Mihaela Begea
- Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independenței, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
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Xiao Q, Huang X, Chen Y, Zhang X, Liu X, Lu J, Mi L, Li B. Effects of N, N-bis (carboxymethyl)-L-glutamic acid and polyaspartic acid on the phytoremediation of cadmium in contaminated soil at the presence of pyrene: Biochemical properties and transcriptome analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 366:121825. [PMID: 38996604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Chelator-assisted phytoremediation is an efficacious method for promoting the removal efficiency of heavy metals (HMs). The effects of N, N-bis(carboxymethyl)-L-glutamic acid (GLDA) and polyaspartic acid (PASP) on Cd uptake and pyrene removal by Solanum nigrum L. (S. nigrum) were compared in this study. Using GLDA or PASP, the removal efficiency of pyrene was over 98%. And PASP observably raised the accumulation and transport of Cd by S. nigrum compared with GLDA. Meanwhile, both GLDA and PASP markedly increased soil dehydrogenase activities (DHA) and microbial activities. DHA and microbial activities in the PASP treatment group were 1.05 and 1.06 folds of those in the GLDA treatment group, respectively. Transcriptome analysis revealed that 1206 and 1684 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were recognized in the GLDA treatment group and PASP treatment group, respectively. Most of the DEGs found in the PASP treatment group were involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, the biosynthesis of brassinosteroid and flavonoid, and they were up-regulated. The DEGs related to Cd transport were screened, and ABCG3, ABCC4, ABCG9 and Nramp5 were found to be relevant with the reduction of Cd stress in S. nigrum by PASP. Furthermore, with PASP treated, transcription factors (TFs) related to HMs such as WRKY, bHLH, AP2/ERF, MYB were down-regulated, while more MYB and bZIP TFs were up-regulated. These TFs associated with plant stress resistance would work together to induce oxidative stress. The above results indicated that PASP was more conducive for phytoremediation of Cd-pyrene co-contaminated soil than GLDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Xiao
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Xun Huang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China; Shanghai Huali Integrated Circuit Manufacturing Co., LTD, Shanghai, 201317, China
| | - Yuye Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xinying Zhang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Jingxian Lu
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Lanxin Mi
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Beibei Li
- Ecological Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center, Taihu Basin & East China Sea Ecological Environment Supervision and Administration Bureau, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Shanghai, 200125, China
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Ren J, Li X, Dong C, Zheng P, Zhang N, Ji H, Yu J, Lu X, Li M, Chen C, Liang L. Effect of ozone treatment on phenylpropanoid metabolism in harvested cantaloupes. J Food Sci 2024; 89:4914-4925. [PMID: 38980985 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.17234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Phenylpropanoid metabolism plays an important role in cantaloupe ripening and senescence, but the mechanism of ozone regulation on phenylpropanoid metabolism remains unclear. This study investigated how ozone treatment modulates the levels of secondary metabolites associated with phenylpropanoid metabolism, the related enzyme activities, and gene expression in cantaloupe. Treating cantaloupes with 15 mg/m3 of ozone after precooling can help maintain postharvest hardness. This treatment also enhances the production and accumulation of secondary metabolites, such as total phenols, flavonoids, and lignin. These metabolites are essential components of the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway, activating enzymes like phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamate 4-hydroxylase, 4CL, chalcone synthase, and chalcone isomerase. The results of the transcriptional expression patterns showed that differential gene expression related to phenylpropanoid metabolism in the peel of ozone-treated cantaloupes was primarily observed during the middle and late storage stages. In contrast, the pulp exhibited significant differential gene expression mainly during the early storage stage. Furthermore, it was observed that the level of gene expression in the peel was generally higher than that in the pulp. The correlation between the relative amount of gene changes in cantaloupe, activity of selected enzymes, and concentration of secondary metabolites could be accompanied by positive regulation of the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway. Therefore, ozone stress induction positively enhances the biosynthesis of flavonoids in cantaloupes, leading to an increased accumulation of secondary metabolites. Additionally, it also improves the postharvest storage quality of cantaloupes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ren
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoxue Li
- Institute of Agricultural Products Preservation and Processing Technology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Preservation of Agricultural Products (Tianjin)), Key Laboratory of Storage and Preservation of Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Storage and Preservation of Agricultural Products, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenghu Dong
- Institute of Agricultural Products Preservation and Processing Technology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Preservation of Agricultural Products (Tianjin)), Key Laboratory of Storage and Preservation of Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Storage and Preservation of Agricultural Products, Tianjin, China
| | - Pufan Zheng
- Institute of Agricultural Products Preservation and Processing Technology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Preservation of Agricultural Products (Tianjin)), Key Laboratory of Storage and Preservation of Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Storage and Preservation of Agricultural Products, Tianjin, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Products Preservation and Processing Technology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Preservation of Agricultural Products (Tianjin)), Key Laboratory of Storage and Preservation of Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Storage and Preservation of Agricultural Products, Tianjin, China
| | - Haipeng Ji
- Institute of Agricultural Products Preservation and Processing Technology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Preservation of Agricultural Products (Tianjin)), Key Laboratory of Storage and Preservation of Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Storage and Preservation of Agricultural Products, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinze Yu
- Institute of Agricultural Products Preservation and Processing Technology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Preservation of Agricultural Products (Tianjin)), Key Laboratory of Storage and Preservation of Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Storage and Preservation of Agricultural Products, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohui Lu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Mo Li
- School of Agriculture and Environment, College of Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Cunkun Chen
- Institute of Agricultural Products Preservation and Processing Technology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Preservation of Agricultural Products (Tianjin)), Key Laboratory of Storage and Preservation of Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Storage and Preservation of Agricultural Products, Tianjin, China
| | - Liya Liang
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
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6
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Zhao C, Wang Z, Liao Z, Liu X, Li Y, Zhou C, Sun C, Wang Y, Cao J, Sun C. Integrated Metabolomic-Transcriptomic Analyses of Flavonoid Accumulation in Citrus Fruit under Exogenous Melatonin Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6632. [PMID: 38928338 PMCID: PMC11204001 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The flavonoids in citrus fruits are crucial physiological regulators and natural bioactive products of high pharmaceutical value. Melatonin is a pleiotropic hormone that can regulate plant morphogenesis and stress resistance and alter the accumulation of flavonoids in these processes. However, the direct effect of melatonin on citrus flavonoids remains unclear. In this study, nontargeted metabolomics and transcriptomics were utilized to reveal how exogenous melatonin affects flavonoid biosynthesis in "Bingtangcheng" citrus fruits. The melatonin treatment at 0.1 mmol L-1 significantly increased the contents of seven polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs) and up-regulated a series of flavonoid pathway genes, including 4CL (4-coumaroyl CoA ligase), FNS (flavone synthase), and FHs (flavonoid hydroxylases). Meanwhile, CHS (chalcone synthase) was down-regulated, causing a decrease in the content of most flavonoid glycosides. Pearson correlation analysis obtained 21 transcription factors co-expressed with differentially accumulated flavonoids, among which the AP2/EREBP members were the most numerous. Additionally, circadian rhythm and photosynthesis pathways were enriched in the DEG (differentially expressed gene) analysis, suggesting that melatonin might also mediate changes in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway by affecting the fruit's circadian rhythm. These results provide valuable information for further exploration of the molecular mechanisms through which melatonin regulates citrus fruit metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenning Zhao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (C.Z.); (Z.W.); (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (C.Z.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Zhendong Wang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (C.Z.); (Z.W.); (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (C.Z.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Zhenkun Liao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (C.Z.); (Z.W.); (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (C.Z.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China;
| | - Yujia Li
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (C.Z.); (Z.W.); (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (C.Z.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Chenwen Zhou
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (C.Z.); (Z.W.); (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (C.Z.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Cui Sun
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572000, China;
| | - Yue Wang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (C.Z.); (Z.W.); (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (C.Z.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Jinping Cao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (C.Z.); (Z.W.); (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (C.Z.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572000, China;
| | - Chongde Sun
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (C.Z.); (Z.W.); (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (C.Z.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572000, China;
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Zhou T, Xing Q, Bu J, Han W, Shen Z. Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis reveals the regulatory mechanisms of flavonoid and alkaloid biosynthesis in the new and old leaves of Murraya tetramera Huang. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:499. [PMID: 38840069 PMCID: PMC11151518 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05066-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Murraya tetramera Huang is a traditional Chinese woody medicine. Its leaves contain flavonoids, alkaloids, and other active compounds, which have anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, as well as hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering effects, and anti-tumor effects. There are significant differences in the content of flavonoids and alkaloids in leaves during different growth cycles, but the synthesis mechanism is still unclear. RESULTS In April 2021, new leaves (one month old) and old leaves (one and a half years old) of M. tetramera were used as experimental materials to systematically analyze the changes in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) with transcriptomics and metabolomics technology. This was done to identify the signaling pathways of flavonoid and alkaloid synthesis. The results showed that the contents of total alkaloids and flavonoids in old leaves were significantly higher than those in new leaves. Thirteen flavonoid compounds, three isoflavone compounds, and nineteen alkaloid compounds were identified, and 125 and 48 DEGs related to flavonoid and alkaloid synthesis were found, respectively. By constructing the KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) network of DEGs and DAMs, it was shown that the molecular mechanism of flavonoid biosynthesis in M. tetramera mainly focuses on the "flavonoid biosynthetic pathway" and the "flavonoid and flavonol biosynthetic pathway". Among them, p-Coumaryl alcohol, Sinapyl alcohol, Phloretin, and Isoquercitrin were significantly accumulated in old leaves, the up-regulated expression of CCR (cinnamoyl-CoA reductase) might promote the accumulation of p-Coumaryl alcohol, upregulation of F5H (ferulate-5-hydroxylase) might promote Sinapyl alcohol accumulation. Alkaloids, including indole alkaloids, pyridine alkaloids, imidazole alkaloids, and quinoline alkaloids, were significantly accumulated in old leaves, and a total of 29 genes were associated with these substances. CONCLUSIONS These data are helpful to better understand the biosynthesis of flavonoids and alkaloids in M. tetramera and provide a scientific basis for the development of medicinal components in M. tetramera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, No.498, South Shaoshan Road, Changsha, 410004, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qinqin Xing
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, No.498, South Shaoshan Road, Changsha, 410004, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jiahao Bu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, No.498, South Shaoshan Road, Changsha, 410004, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wenjun Han
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, No.498, South Shaoshan Road, Changsha, 410004, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Zhiguo Shen
- Henan Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan Province, China.
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Yuan Z, Li G, Zhang H, Peng Z, Ding W, Wen H, Zhou H, Zeng J, Chen J, Xu J. Four novel Cit7GlcTs functional in flavonoid 7- O-glucoside biosynthesis are vital to flavonoid biosynthesis shunting in citrus. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae098. [PMID: 38863995 PMCID: PMC11165160 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Citrus fruits have abundant flavonoid glycosides (FGs), an important class of natural functional and flavor components. However, there have been few reports about the modification of UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) on flavonoids in citrus. Notably, in flavonoid biosynthesis, 7-O-glucosylation is the initial and essential step of glycosylation prior to the synthesis of flavanone disaccharides, the most abundant and iconic FGs in citrus fruits. Here, based on the accumulation of FGs observed at the very early fruit development stage of two pummelo varieties, we screened six novel flavonoid 7-O-glucosyltransferase genes (7GlcTs) via transcriptomic analysis and then characterized them in vitro. The results revealed that four Cg7GlcTs possess wide catalytic activities towards various flavonoid substrates, with CgUGT89AK1 exhibiting the highest catalytic efficiency. Transient overexpression of CgUGT90A31 and CgUGT89AK1 led to increases in FG synthesis in pummelo leaves. Interestingly, these two genes had conserved sequences and consistent functions across different germplasms. Moreover, CitUGT89AK1 was found to play a role in the response of citrus to Huanglongbing infection by promoting FG production. The findings improve our understanding of flavonoid 7-O-glucosylation by identifying the key genes, and may help improve the benefits of flavonoid biosynthesis for plants and humans in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Yuan
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Gu Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huixian Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhaoxin Peng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenyu Ding
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huan Wen
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hanxin Zhou
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiwu Zeng
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource, Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jiajing Chen
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Juan Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
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Zhang P, Yang C, Wang J, Jiang P, Qi J, Hou W, Cheng H, Feng X, Yu D. Cytochrome GmGLY1 is Involved in the Biosynthesis of Glycitein in Soybean. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:10944-10957. [PMID: 38710505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Isoflavones, the major secondary metabolites of interest due to their benefits to both human and plant health, are exclusively produced by legumes. In this study, we profiled the isoflavone content in dry seeds from 211 soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] accessions grown across five environments. Broad and discernible phenotypic variations were observed among accessions, regions, and years of growth. Twenty-six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the sum of glycitein (GLE), glycitin (GL), 6″-O-acetylglycitin (AGL), and 6″-O-malonylglycitin (MGL) contents were detected in multiple environments via a genome-wide association study (GWAS). These SNPs were located on chromosome 11 (8,148,438 bp to 8,296,956 bp, renamed qGly11-01). Glyma.11g108300 (GmGLY1), a gene that encodes a P450 family protein, was identified via sequence variation analysis, functional annotation, weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), and expression profile analysis of candidate gene, and hairy roots transformation in soybean. Overexpression of GmGLY1 increased the glycitein content (GLC) in soybean hairy roots and transgenic seeds, while CRISPR/Cas9-generated mutants exhibited decreased GLC and increased daidzein content (DAC). Haplotype analysis revealed that GmGLY1 allelic variations significantly affect the GLC accumulation. These findings enhance our understanding of genes influencing GLC in soybean and may guide breeding for lines with high and stable GLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Zhang
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Changyun Yang
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Pingbo Jiang
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jie Qi
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wenyan Hou
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | | | - Deyue Yu
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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10
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Tinnirello V, Zizzo MG, Conigliaro A, Tabone M, Ganji NR, Cicio A, Bressa C, Larrosa M, Rappa F, Vergilio G, Gasparro R, Gallo A, Serio RM, Alessandro R, Raimondo S. Industrial-produced lemon nanovesicles ameliorate experimental colitis-associated damages in rats via the activation of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant responses and microbiota modification. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116514. [PMID: 38574618 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived nanovesicles (PDNVs) have recently emerged as natural delivery systems of biofunctional compounds toward mammalian cells. Considering their already described composition, anti-inflammatory properties, stability, and low toxicity, PDNVs offer a promising path for developing new preventive strategies for several inflammatory diseases, among which the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, we explore the protective effects of industrially produced lemon vesicles (iLNVs) in a rat model of IBD. Characterization of iLNVs reveals the presence of small particles less than 200 nm in size and a profile of bioactive compounds enriched in flavonoids and organic acids with known beneficial properties. In vitro studies on human macrophages confirm the safety and anti-inflammatory effects of iLNVs, as evidenced by the reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased levels of anti-inflammatory markers. As evidenced by in vivo experiments, pre-treatment with iLNVs significantly alleviates symptoms and histological features in 2,4 dinitrobenzensulfuric acid (DNBS)-induced colitis in rats. Molecular pathway analysis reveals modulation of NF-κB and Nrf2, indicating anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Finally, iLNVs affects gut microbiota composition, improving the consistent colitis-related alterations. Overall, we demonstrated the protective role of industrially produced lemon nanovesicles against colitis and emphasized their potential in managing IBD through multifaceted mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Tinnirello
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, Section of Biology and Genetics, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Zizzo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Palermo 90128, Italy
| | - Alice Conigliaro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, Section of Biology and Genetics, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Mariangela Tabone
- MAS Microbiota Group, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid 28670, Spain; Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid 28670, Spain
| | - Nima Rabienezhad Ganji
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, Section of Biology and Genetics, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Adele Cicio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Palermo 90128, Italy
| | - Carlo Bressa
- MAS Microbiota Group, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid 28670, Spain; Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid 28670, Spain
| | - Mar Larrosa
- MAS Microbiota Group, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid 28670, Spain; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesca Rappa
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Institute of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Palermo, Palermo 90127 Italy; Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Section of Palermo, National Research Council (CNR), Palermo 90146, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vergilio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Institute of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Palermo, Palermo 90127 Italy
| | - Roberta Gasparro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, Section of Biology and Genetics, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Alessia Gallo
- Research Department, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), Palermo 90127, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Serio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Palermo 90128, Italy
| | - Riccardo Alessandro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, Section of Biology and Genetics, Palermo 90133, Italy; Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), Palermo 90146, Italy
| | - Stefania Raimondo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, Section of Biology and Genetics, Palermo 90133, Italy.
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11
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Lee SH, Park SH, Park H. Assessing the Feasibility of Biorefineries for a Sustainable Citrus Waste Management in Korea. Molecules 2024; 29:1589. [PMID: 38611868 PMCID: PMC11013942 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Citrus fruits are one of the most widely used fruits around the world and are used as raw fruits, but are also processed into products such as beverages, and large amounts of by-products and waste are generated in this process. Globally, disposal of citrus waste (CW) through simple landfilling or ocean dumping can result in soil and groundwater contamination, which can negatively impact ecosystem health. The case of Korea is not much different in that these wastes are simply buried or recycled wastes are used as livestock feed additives. However, there are many reports that CW, which is a waste, has high potential to produce a variety of products that can minimize environmental load and increase added value through appropriate waste management. In this study, we aim to explore the latest developments in the evaluation and valorization of the growing CW green technologies in an effort to efficiently and environmentally transform these CW for resource recovery, sustainability, and economic benefits. Recent research strategies on integrated biorefinery approaches have confirmed that CW can be converted into various bioproducts such as enzymes, biofuels and biopolymers, further contributing to energy security. It was found that more efforts are needed to scale up green recovery technologies and achieve diverse product profiling to achieve zero waste levels and industrial viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hwan Lee
- Technical Research Institute, Jeju BioRefine, Jeju 63148, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seong Hee Park
- Technical Research Institute, Fine Korea Corp., Seoul 07294, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyun Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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12
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Peng Z, Song L, Chen M, Liu Z, Yuan Z, Wen H, Zhang H, Huang Y, Peng Z, Yang H, Li G, Zhang H, Hu Z, Li W, Wang X, Larkin RM, Deng X, Xu Q, Chen J, Xu J. Neofunctionalization of an OMT cluster dominates polymethoxyflavone biosynthesis associated with the domestication of citrus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2321615121. [PMID: 38530892 PMCID: PMC10998556 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2321615121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) are a class of abundant specialized metabolites with remarkable anticancer properties in citrus. Multiple methoxy groups in PMFs are derived from methylation modification catalyzed by a series of hydroxylases and O-methyltransferases (OMTs). However, the specific OMTs that catalyze the systematic O-methylation of hydroxyflavones remain largely unknown. Here, we report that PMFs are highly accumulated in wild mandarins and mandarin-derived accessions, while undetectable in early-diverging citrus species and related species. Our results demonstrated that three homologous genes, CreOMT3, CreOMT4, and CreOMT5, are crucial for PMF biosynthesis in citrus, and their encoded methyltransferases exhibit multisite O-methylation activities for hydroxyflavones, producing seven PMFs in vitro and in vivo. Comparative genomic and syntenic analyses indicated that the tandem CreOMT3, CreOMT4, and CreOMT5 may be duplicated from CreOMT6 and contributes to the genetic basis of PMF biosynthesis in the mandarin group through neofunctionalization. We also demonstrated that N17 in CreOMT4 is an essential amino acid residue for C3-, C5-, C6-, and C3'-O-methylation activity and provided a rationale for the functional deficiency of OMT6 to produce PMFs in early-diverging citrus and some domesticated citrus species. A 1,041-bp deletion in the CreOMT4 promoter, which is found in most modern cultivated mandarins, has reduced the PMF content relative to that in wild and early-admixture mandarins. This study provides a framework for reconstructing PMF biosynthetic pathways, which may facilitate the breeding of citrus fruits with enhanced health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxin Peng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lizhi Song
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minghua Chen
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zeyang Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziyu Yuan
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan Wen
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haipeng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou450046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Huang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaowen Peng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongbin Yang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gu Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huixian Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhehui Hu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenyun Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
- Guizhou Fruit Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang550006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Robert M. Larkin
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuxin Deng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiajing Chen
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan430070, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Ali M, Shafiq M, Haider MZ, Sami A, Alam P, Albalawi T, Kamran Z, Sadiq S, Hussain M, Shahid MA, Jeridi M, Ashraf GA, Manzoor MA, Sabir IA. Genome-wide analysis of NPR1-like genes in citrus species and expression analysis in response to citrus canker ( Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1333286. [PMID: 38606070 PMCID: PMC11007782 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1333286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Citrus fruits, revered for their nutritional value, face significant threats from diseases like citrus canker, particularly impacting global citrus cultivation, notably in Pakistan. This study delves into the critical role of NPR1-like genes, the true receptors for salicylic acid (SA), in the defense mechanisms of citrus against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xcc). By conducting a comprehensive genome-wide analysis and phylogenetic study, the evolutionary dynamics of Citrus limon genes across diverse citrus cultivars are elucidated. Structural predictions unveil conserved domains, such as the BTB domain and ankyrin repeat domains, crucial for the defense mechanism. Motif analysis reveals essential conserved patterns, while cis-regulatory elements indicate their involvement in transcription, growth, response to phytohormones, and stress. The predominantly cytoplasmic and nuclear localization of NPR1-like genes underscores their pivotal role in conferring resistance to various citrus species. Analysis of the Ks/Ka ratio indicates a purifying selection of NPR1-like genes, emphasizing their importance in different species. Synteny and chromosomal mapping provide insights into duplication events and orthologous links among citrus species. Notably, Xac infection stimulates the expression of NPR1-like genes, revealing their responsiveness to pathogenic challenges. Interestingly, qRT-PCR profiling post-Xac infection reveals cultivar-specific alterations in expression within susceptible and resistant citrus varieties. Beyond genetic factors, physiological parameters like peroxidase, total soluble protein, and secondary metabolites respond to SA-dependent PR genes, influencing plant characteristics. Examining the impact of defense genes (NPR1) and plant characteristics on disease resistance in citrus, this study marks the inaugural investigation into the correlation between NPR1-associated genes and various plant traits in both susceptible and resistant citrus varieties to citrus bacterial canker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mobeen Ali
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shafiq
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zeshan Haider
- Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Sami
- Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Pravej Alam
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamir Albalawi
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuha Kamran
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saleh Sadiq
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mujahid Hussain
- Horticultural Science Department University of Florida-Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) North Florida Research and Education Center, Gainesville FL, United States
| | - Muhammad Adnan Shahid
- Horticultural Science Department University of Florida-Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) North Florida Research and Education Center, Gainesville FL, United States
| | - Mouna Jeridi
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Irfan Ali Sabir
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Vieites-Álvarez Y, Reigosa MJ, Sánchez-Moreiras AM. A decade of advances in the study of buckwheat for organic farming and agroecology (2013-2023). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1354672. [PMID: 38510443 PMCID: PMC10950947 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1354672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
During the last decade, research has shown the environment and human health benefits of growing buckwheat (Fagopyrum spp.). This comprehensive review aims to summarize the major advancements made in the study of buckwheat from 2013 to 2023, focusing on its agronomic characteristics, nutritional value, and potential applications in sustainable agriculture. The review examines the diverse applications of buckwheat in organic and agroecological farming systems, and discusses the ability of buckwheat to control weeds through allelopathy, competition, and other sustainable farming methods, such as crop rotation, intercropping and green manure, while improving soil health and biodiversity. The review also explores the nutritional value of buckwheat. It delves into the composition of buckwheat grains, emphasizing their high protein content, and the presence of essential amino acids and valuable micronutrients, which is linked to health benefits such as lowering cholesterol levels, controlling diabetes and acting against different types of cancer, among others. Finally, the review concludes by highlighting the gaps in current knowledge, and proposing future research directions to further optimize buckwheat production in organic or agroecological farming systems. It emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary collaboration, and the integration of traditional knowledge with modern scientific approaches to unlock the full potential of buckwheat as a sustainable crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yedra Vieites-Álvarez
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencias do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Vigo, Spain
- Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA), Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Manuel J. Reigosa
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencias do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Vigo, Spain
- Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA), Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Adela M. Sánchez-Moreiras
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencias do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Vigo, Spain
- Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA), Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
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15
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Anoopkumar AN, Aneesh EM, Sirohi R, Tarafdar A, Kuriakose LL, Surendhar A, Madhavan A, Kumar V, Awasthi MK, Binod P, Sindhu R. Bioactives from citrus food waste: types, extraction technologies and application. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2024; 61:444-458. [PMID: 38327864 PMCID: PMC10844169 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-023-05753-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The Citrus fruits belong to the category where the groups of fruits are recognized to be an admirable repository of bioactive elements and phytochemical constituents, with strong biological potentials. The prominent use of Citrus fruits for nutrition as well as food processing has led to the release of a large amount of waste into the environment and surrounding, and it simultaneously burdens the nature and existence of many organisms including the human population. In order to rectify such consequences, the reuse of food waste from citrus for various advantageous effects. In this regard, the first part of the article primarily focussed on the various strategies available for the extraction of chemical elements from citrus waste and the remaining strand of the article focussed on the various bioactive compounds with special reference to their pharmacological as well as the medicinal benefits and future prospects. Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- A. N. Anoopkumar
- Centre for Research in Emerging Tropical Diseases (CRET-D), Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala India
| | - Embalil Mathachan Aneesh
- Centre for Research in Emerging Tropical Diseases (CRET-D), Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala India
| | - Ranjna Sirohi
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248 001 India
| | - Ayon Tarafdar
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243 122 India
| | - Laya Liz Kuriakose
- Department of Food Technology, T K M Institute of Technology, Kollam, Kerala 691505 India
| | - A. Surendhar
- Department of Food Technology, T K M Institute of Technology, Kollam, Kerala 691505 India
| | - Aravind Madhavan
- School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kollam, Kerala 690525 India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Fermentation Technology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu, UT of Jammu and Kashmir 180 001 India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712 100 Shaanxi China
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum, Kerala 695 019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002 India
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Department of Food Technology, T K M Institute of Technology, Kollam, Kerala 691505 India
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16
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Yang Z, Deng M, Wang W, Xiao T, Peng H, Huang Z, Lu K. Characterization and functional analysis of UDP-glycosyltransferases reveal their contribution to phytochemical flavone tolerance in Spodoptera litura. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129745. [PMID: 38286378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Efficient detoxification is the key factor for phytophagous insect to adapt to phytochemicals. However, the role of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) in insect anti-defense to phytochemical flavone is largely unknown. In this study, 52 UGT genes were identified in Spodoptera litura and they presented evident gene duplication. UGT played a crucial part in larval tolerance to flavone because the enzyme activity and transcriptional level of 77 % UGT members were remarkably upregulated by flavone administration and suppression of UGT enzyme activity and gene expressions significantly increased larval susceptibility to flavone. Bacteria coexpressing UGTs had high survival rates under flavone treatment and flavone was dramatically metabolized by UGT recombinant cells, which indicated the involvement of UGTs in flavone detoxification. What's more, ecdysone pathway was activated by flavone. Topical application of 20-hydroxyecdysone highly upregulated UGT enzyme activity and more than half of UGT expressions. The effects were opposite when ecdysone receptor (EcR) and ultraspiracle (USP)-mediated ecdysone signaling pathway was inhibited. Furtherly, promoter reporter assays of 5 UGT genes showed that their transcription activities were notably increased by cotransfection with EcR and USP. In consequence, this study suggested that UGTs were involved in flavone detoxification and their transcriptional expressions were regulated by ecdysone pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Yang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Mengqing Deng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Wenxiu Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Tianxiang Xiao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Haoxue Peng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zifan Huang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Kai Lu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
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Ma S, Zhou H, Ren T, Yu ER, Feng B, Wang J, Zhang C, Zhou C, Li Y. Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis revealed that HaMYB1 modulates anthocyanin accumulation to deepen sunflower flower color. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:74. [PMID: 38379014 PMCID: PMC10879246 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03098-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE HanMYB1 was found to play positive roles in the modulation of anthocyanins metabolism based on the integrative analysis of different color cultivars and the related molecular genetic analyses. As a high value ornamental and edible crop with various colors, sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) provide an ideal system to understand the formation of flower color. Anthocyanins are major pigments in higher plants, which is associated with development of flower colors and ability of oxidation resistance. Here, we performed an integrative analysis of the transcriptome and flavonoid metabolome in five sunflower cultivars with different flower colors. According to differentially expressed genes and differentially accumulated flavonoids, these cultivars could be grouped into yellow and red. The results showed that more anthocyanins were accumulated in the red group flowers, especially the chrysanthemin. Some anthocyanins biosynthesis-related genes like UFGT (UDP-glycose flavonoid glycosyltransferase) also expressed more in the red group flowers. A MYB transcriptional factor, HanMYB1, was found to play vital positive roles in the modulation of anthocyanins metabolism by the integrative analysis. Overexpressed HanMYB1 in tobacco could deepen the flower color, increase the accumulation of anthocyanins and directly active the express of UFGT genes. Our findings indicated that the MYB transcriptional factors provide new insight into the dynamic regulation of the anthocyanin biosynthesis in facilitating sunflower color formation and anthocyanin accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Ma
- Marine Agriculture Research Center/Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Hanlin Zhou
- Yichang Key Laboratory of Omics-Based Breeding for Chinese Medicines, Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement/Biotechnology Research Center, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Tingting Ren
- Marine Agriculture Research Center/Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Er-Ru Yu
- Guizhou Institute of Oil Crops, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science, Guiyang, 550006, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Guizhou Institute of Oil Crops, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science, Guiyang, 550006, China
| | - Juying Wang
- Technical Innovation Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land in Huangsanjiao Agricultural High-Tech, Dongying, 257000, China
| | - Chengsheng Zhang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center/Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Yichang Key Laboratory of Omics-Based Breeding for Chinese Medicines, Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement/Biotechnology Research Center, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.
| | - Yiqiang Li
- Marine Agriculture Research Center/Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China.
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18
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Liang X, Wang H, Xu W, Liu X, Zhao C, Chen J, Wang D, Xu S, Cao J, Sun C, Wang Y. Metabolome and Transcriptome Analysis Revealed the Basis of the Difference in Antioxidant Capacity in Different Tissues of Citrus reticulata 'Ponkan'. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:243. [PMID: 38397841 PMCID: PMC10886001 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Citrus is an important type of fruit, with antioxidant bioactivity. However, the variations in the antioxidant ability of different tissues in citrus and its metabolic and molecular basis remain unclear. Here, we assessed the antioxidant capacities of 12 tissues from Citrus reticulata 'Ponkan', finding that young leaves and root exhibited the strongest antioxidant capacity. Secondary metabolites accumulated differentially in parts of the citrus plant, of which flavonoids were enriched in stem, leaf, and flavedo; phenolic acids were enriched in the albedo, while coumarins were enriched in the root, potentially explaining the higher antioxidant capacities of these tissues. The spatially specific accumulation of metabolites was related to the expression levels of biosynthesis-related genes such as chalcone synthase (CHS), chalcone isomerase (CHI), flavone synthase (FNS), O-methyltransferase (OMT), flavonoid-3'-hydroxylase (F3'H), flavonoid-6/8-hydroxylase (F6/8H), p-coumaroyl CoA 2'-hydroxylase (C2'H), and prenyltransferase (PT), among others, in the phenylpropane pathway. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified modules associated with flavonoids and coumarin content, among which we identified an OMT involved in coumarin O-methylation, and related transcription factors were predicted. Our study identifies key genes and metabolites influencing the antioxidant capacity of citrus, which could contribute to the enhanced understanding and utilization of bioactive citrus components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.L.); (H.W.); (W.X.); (X.L.); (C.Z.); (J.C.); (J.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Huixin Wang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.L.); (H.W.); (W.X.); (X.L.); (C.Z.); (J.C.); (J.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Wanhua Xu
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.L.); (H.W.); (W.X.); (X.L.); (C.Z.); (J.C.); (J.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.L.); (H.W.); (W.X.); (X.L.); (C.Z.); (J.C.); (J.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Chenning Zhao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.L.); (H.W.); (W.X.); (X.L.); (C.Z.); (J.C.); (J.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Jiebiao Chen
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.L.); (H.W.); (W.X.); (X.L.); (C.Z.); (J.C.); (J.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Dengliang Wang
- Citrus Research Institute, Quzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Quzhou 324000, China;
| | - Shuting Xu
- Hangzhou Agriculture Technology Extension Center, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Jinping Cao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.L.); (H.W.); (W.X.); (X.L.); (C.Z.); (J.C.); (J.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Chongde Sun
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.L.); (H.W.); (W.X.); (X.L.); (C.Z.); (J.C.); (J.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Yue Wang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.L.); (H.W.); (W.X.); (X.L.); (C.Z.); (J.C.); (J.C.); (C.S.)
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19
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Yu K, Liang P, Yu H, Liu H, Guo J, Yan X, Li Z, Li G, Wang Y, Wang C. Integrating Transcriptome and Chemical Analyses to Provide Insights into Biosynthesis of Terpenoids and Flavonoids in the Medicinal Industrial Crop Andrographis paniculate and Its Antiviral Medicinal Parts. Molecules 2024; 29:852. [PMID: 38398604 PMCID: PMC10893308 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Andrographis paniculata is a medicinal plant traditionally used to produce diterpene lactones and flavonoids, which possess various biological activities. Widely distributed in China, India, and other Southeast Asia countries, A. paniculata has become an important economic crop, significantly treating SARS-CoV-2, and is being cultivated on a large scale in southern China. The biosynthesis of active ingredients in A. paniculata are regulated and controlled by genes, but their specific roles are still not fully understood. To further explore the growth regulation factors and utilization of its medicinal parts of this industrial crop, chemical and transcriptome analyses were conducted on the roots, stems, and leaves of A. paniculata to identify the biosynthesis pathways and related candidate genes of the active ingredients. The chemical analysis revealed that the main components of A. paniculata were diterpene lactones and flavonoids, which displayed potential ability to treat SARS-CoV-2 through molecular docking. Moreover, the transcriptome sequencing annotated a total of 40,850 unigenes, including 7962 differentially expressed genes. Among these, 120 genes were involved in diterpene lactone biosynthesis and 60 genes were involved in flavonoid biosynthesis. The expression of diterpene lactone-related genes was the highest in leaves and the lowest in roots, consistent with our content determination results. It is speculated that these highly expressed genes in leaves may be involved in the biosynthesis pathway of diterpenes. Furthermore, two class Ⅰ terpene synthases in A. paniculata transcriptome were also annotated, providing reference for the downstream pathway of the diterpene lactone biosynthesis. With their excellent market value, our experiments will promote the study of the biosynthetic genes for active ingredients in A. paniculata and provide insights for subsequent in vitro biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Yu
- School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (K.Y.); (P.L.); (H.L.); (J.G.); (G.L.)
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; (H.Y.); (X.Y.); (Z.L.)
| | - Pengjie Liang
- School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (K.Y.); (P.L.); (H.L.); (J.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Heshui Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; (H.Y.); (X.Y.); (Z.L.)
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (K.Y.); (P.L.); (H.L.); (J.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Jialiang Guo
- School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (K.Y.); (P.L.); (H.L.); (J.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Xiaohui Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; (H.Y.); (X.Y.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; (H.Y.); (X.Y.); (Z.L.)
| | - Guoqiang Li
- School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (K.Y.); (P.L.); (H.L.); (J.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chunhua Wang
- School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (K.Y.); (P.L.); (H.L.); (J.G.); (G.L.)
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; (H.Y.); (X.Y.); (Z.L.)
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20
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Lombardo GE, Russo C, Maugeri A, Navarra M. Sirtuins as Players in the Signal Transduction of Citrus Flavonoids. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1956. [PMID: 38396635 PMCID: PMC10889095 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25041956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRTs) belong to the family of nicotine adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent class III histone deacetylases, which come into play in the regulation of epigenetic processes through the deacetylation of histones and other substrates. The human genome encodes for seven homologs (SIRT1-7), which are localized into the nucleus, cytoplasm, and mitochondria, with different enzymatic activities and regulatory mechanisms. Indeed, SIRTs are involved in different physio-pathological processes responsible for the onset of several human illnesses, such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, obesity and diabetes, age-related disorders, and cancer. Nowadays, it is well-known that Citrus fruits, typical of the Mediterranean diet, are an important source of bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols. Among these, flavonoids are recognized as potential agents endowed with a wide range of beneficial properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, and antitumoral ones. On these bases, we offer a comprehensive overview on biological effects exerted by Citrus flavonoids via targeting SIRTs, which acted as modulator of several signaling pathways. According to the reported studies, Citrus flavonoids appear to be promising SIRT modulators in many different pathologies, a role which might be potentially evaluated in future therapies, along with encouraging the study of those SIRT members which still lack proper evidence on their support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Enrico Lombardo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.E.L.); (C.R.); (M.N.)
| | - Caterina Russo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.E.L.); (C.R.); (M.N.)
| | - Alessandro Maugeri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Michele Navarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.E.L.); (C.R.); (M.N.)
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21
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Liang L, Cao W, Li L, Liu W, Wei X, Chen J, Ren G, Duan X. Effect of gum arabic and thermal modification of whey protein isolate on the characteristics of Cornus officinalis flavonoid microcapsules. J Food Sci 2024; 89:1012-1021. [PMID: 38174800 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Whey protein isolates (WPIs) were treated at 50, 60, 70, and 80°C to obtain thermally modified WPI. Gum arabic (GA) and thermal modification of WPI were used as novel wall materials to improve the quality of Cornus officinalis flavonoid (COF) microcapsules using microwave freeze-drying technique in this study. Results showed that all the thermal modification treatment decreased emulsifying activity index of WPI, whereas the solubility and emulsifying stability index (ESI) of WPI gradually increased with the increase of heating temperature. Compared to the untreated protein, the thermal modification treatment at 70°C increased the solubility and ESI of WPI by 14.91% ± 0.71% and 26.70% ± 0.94%, respectively. The microcapsules prepared with the modified protein at 60°C had the highest encapsulation efficiency (95.13% ± 2.36%), the lowest moisture content (1.42% ± 0.34%), and the highest solubility (84.41% ± 0.91). Scanning electron microscopy images showed that COF microcapsules were uniformly spherical, and the sizes of the microcapsules were in the following order: 12.42 ± 0.37 µm (80°C) > 11.7 ± 0.23 µm (untreated group) > 9.44 ± 0.33 µm (60°C) > 9.24 ± 0.14 µm (50°C) > 7.69 ± 0.29 µm (70°C). In the simulated in vitro digestion experiments, the release rate of COF microcapsules in the gastric digestion phase was less than that in the intestinal digestion phase, and it reached 66.46% at intestinal digestion phase. These results suggested that heated WPI and GA could be an effective nanocarrier to enhance the stability of COF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luodan Liang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Weiwei Cao
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Linlin Li
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Wenchao Liu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Xinyu Wei
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Junliang Chen
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Guangyue Ren
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Xu Duan
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
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22
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Jin H, Zhang J, Wang Y, Ge W, Jing Y, Cao X, Huo Y, Fu Y. A codon-based live-cell biomonitoring system for assessing intracellular phenylalanine bioavailability in cyanobacteria. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 244:115792. [PMID: 37922807 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Phenylalanine, as an essential aromatic amino acid, is not only needed for protein and vital molecules such as neurotransmitter and hormone synthesis but also a substrate for the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids and various bioactive compounds. The metabolism of phenylalanine is dynamic and transitory, which would otherwise inhibit cell growth. Therefore, it is challenging and imperative to monitor intracellular phenylalanine bioavailability in real time, which has great significance for evaluating the effectiveness of introducing pathway-specific genetic modifications to enhance phenylalanine generation. In this study, we proposed a live-cell biomonitoring system to assess phenylalanine bioavailability in real time in cyanobacteria based on codon degeneracy and species-specific usage bias. The biomonitoring system was generated through genetic modification of phenylalanine codons in the chloramphenicol antibiotic resistance gene to wholly preferred and rare codons, in combination with an orthogonal constitutive promoter Trc to express these genes. Cyanobacterial cells equipped with a preferred codon-based gene showed a significant growth advantage over those with rare codons under antibiotic pressure, while the delayed growth caused by rare codon-based genes could be rescued by supplementing phenylalanine in the cultivation medium. Increasing intracellular phenylalanine bioavailability could promote rare codon-based gene containing cell growth to a similar level as wild-type strains harboring preferred codon-based gene, providing a live-cell visualized screening method to relatively define phenylalanine content from either random mutation libraries or pathway-specific engineering cyanobacterial chassis before conducting labor-intensive quantitative measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojie Jin
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China; Ecological Observation and Research Station of Heilongjiang Sanjiang Plain Wetlands, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shuangyashan, 518000, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Wanzhao Ge
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Yike Jing
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Cao
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Yixin Huo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Yujie Fu
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China; Ecological Observation and Research Station of Heilongjiang Sanjiang Plain Wetlands, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shuangyashan, 518000, PR China.
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23
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Wang S, Shen S, Wang C, Wang X, Yang C, Zhou S, Zhang R, Zhou Q, Yu H, Guo H, Zheng W, Liu X, Xu J, Deng X, Xu Q, Luo J. A metabolomics study in citrus provides insight into bioactive phenylpropanoid metabolism. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhad267. [PMID: 38304332 PMCID: PMC10831325 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Abstract
Citrus fruits are widely consumed worldwide in juices or as fresh and provide a broad range of phytonutrients that are important for human health. Here, a citrus multi-omics resource is presented: comprehensive metabolic profiling of various citrus species was performed and metabolic profiles were compared among species, with a focus on the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway. A metabolite-based genome-wide association analysis (mGWAS) of 154 pummelo accessions was performed using factored spectrally transformed linear mixed models (FaST-LMM) and efficient mixed-model association eXpedited (EMMAX), and the genetic and biochemical basis of metabolomic variation was comprehensively analysed. A metabolite-single nucleotide polymorphism-gene (metabolite-SNP-gene) interaction network was constructed for pummelo, and many candidate loci controlling the synthesis and regulation of bioactive compounds were identified; among these loci, three BAHD malonyltransferases were involved in the malonylation of flavonoid glycosides. Further investigation revealed that an R2R3-MYB transcription factor CgMYB1 positively controls the metabolism of phenylpropanoid molecules, particularly the flavonoid derivatives. This study provides valuable data resources on the metabolic regulatory networks of bioactive components in citrus, in addition to demonstrating an efficient method for metabolic pathway dissection and providing targets for future breeding work with the aim of improving nutritional value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouchuang Wang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
- Yazhouwan National Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Shuangqian Shen
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
- Yazhouwan National Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Xia Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chenkun Yang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Shen Zhou
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Qianqian Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huiwen Yu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hao Guo
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Weikang Zheng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xianqing Liu
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Juan Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiuxin Deng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
- Yazhouwan National Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
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Yu K, Peng L, Liang W, Shi J, Zheng G, Wang H, Liang X, Wu S. Integrative metabolome and transcriptome analyses reveal the differences in flavonoid and terpenoid synthesis between Glycyrrhiza uralensis (licorice) leaves and roots. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:91-101. [PMID: 38186628 PMCID: PMC10767105 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01467-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Licorice from Glycyrrhiza uralensis roots is used in foods and medicines. Although we are aware that licorice roots and leaves have distinct material compositions, the specific reasons for these differences remain unknown. Comparison of the metabolomes and transcriptomes between the leaves and roots revealed flavonoids and triterpenoid saponins were significantly different. Isoflavones were enriched in roots because of upregulation of genes encoding chalcone isomerase and flavone synthase, which are involved in isoflavone synthesis. Six triterpenoid saponins were significantly enriched only in the roots. The leaves did not accumulate glycyrrhetinic acid because of low expression levels of genes involved in its synthesis. A gene encoding a UDP glycosyltransferase, which likely catalyzes the key step in the transformation of glycyrrhetinic acid to glycyrrhizin, was screened. Our results provide information about the differences in flavonoid and triterpenoid synthesis between roots and leaves, and highlight targets for genetic engineering. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-023-01467-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqiang Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021 China
- School of Resource, Environment and Life Science, Ningxia Normal University, Guyuan, 756000 China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Li Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021 China
- Key Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological, Resources in Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021 China
| | - Wenyu Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021 China
- Key Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological, Resources in Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021 China
| | - Jing Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021 China
- Key Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological, Resources in Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021 China
| | - Guoqi Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021 China
- Key Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological, Resources in Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021 China
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Resource, Environment and Life Science, Ningxia Normal University, Guyuan, 756000 China
| | - Xinhua Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021 China
- Key Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological, Resources in Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021 China
| | - Shijie Wu
- School of Resource, Environment and Life Science, Ningxia Normal University, Guyuan, 756000 China
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Ma X, Jiang N, Fu J, Li Y, Zhou L, Yuan L, Wang Y, Li Y. A cytosine analogue 5-azacitidine improves the accumulation of licochalcone A in licorice Glycyrrhiza inflata. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 292:154145. [PMID: 38091890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Licochalcone A (LCA) is a characteristic compound of Glycyrrhiza inflata with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor activities. However, G. inflata produces LCA in low quantities that does not meet the market demand. In this study, we found that DNA methylation inhibitor 5-azacitidine (5-azaC) successfully improved the LCA contents in G. inflata seedlings. Transcriptome analysis revealed a series of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including transcription factors such as MYB, ERF, WRKY, and some structural genes related to flavonoid biosynthesis. However, whole genome bisulfite sequencing (BS-seq) results showed little effect of the 5-azaC treatment on the alteration of DNA methylation on these genes, indicating the possibility that 5-azaC acts as a stimulus, but not an epigenetic modulation factor to improve the LCA content in G. inflata. Additionally, we applied the 5-azaC treatment to field plants and hairy roots and successfully increased the LCA contents in both cases. This research demonstrates the feasibility of 5-azaC treatments in future applications to improve plant production of LCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Botanical Garden, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ningxin Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Botanical Garden, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingxian Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Botanical Garden, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuping Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Botanical Garden, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lijun Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Botanical Garden, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Botanical Garden, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yongqing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Botanical Garden, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Liu Y, Bai J, Yuan S, Gao S, Liu Z, Li Y, Zhang F, Zhao C, Zhang L. Characterization and expression analysis of chalcone synthase gene family members suggested their roles in the male sterility of a wheat temperature-sensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) line. Gene 2023; 888:147740. [PMID: 37661030 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Chalcone synthase (CHS), also known as the plants-specific type III polyketide synthases (PKSs), catalyzes the first key step in the biosynthesis of plant flavonoids. Flavonoids are one of the most important secondary metabolites which participate in flower pigmentation and pollen fertility. Recent reports have demonstrated the role of the CHS family in plant pollen exine formation. This study focused on the potential roles of CHS in the pollen exine formation of wheat. In the present study, a genome-wide investigation of the CHS family was carried out, and 87 CHS genes were identified in wheat. TaCHS3, TaCHS10, and TaCHS13 are wheat orthologs of Arabidopsis LESS ADHESIVE POLLEN (LAP5); TaCHS58, TaCHS64, and TaCHS67 are wheat orthologs of AtLAP6. TaCHS3, TaCHS10, and TaCHS67 showed anther-specific patterns. The expression of TaCHS3, TaCHS10, and TaCHS67 was positively co-expressed with sporopollenin biosynthetic genes, including TaCYP703A2, TaCYP704B1, TaDRL1, TaTKPR2, and TaMS2. Coincidently, the expression of TaCHS3, TaCHS10, and TaCHS67, together with those sporopollenin biosynthetic genes, were repressed at the tetrads and uninucleate stages in the temperature-sensitive genic male-sterile (TGMS) line BS366 under sterile conditions. Wheat anther-specific CHS genes might participate in the exine formation of BS366 through co-expressing with sporopollenin biosynthetic genes, which will undoubtedly provide knowledge of the roles of CHS in wheat pollen development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Liu
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; Molecular Genetic Beijing Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Jianfang Bai
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; Molecular Genetic Beijing Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Shaohua Yuan
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; Molecular Genetic Beijing Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Shiqing Gao
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; Molecular Genetic Beijing Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Zihan Liu
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; Molecular Genetic Beijing Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Yanmei Li
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; Molecular Genetic Beijing Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Fengting Zhang
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; Molecular Genetic Beijing Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Changping Zhao
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; Molecular Genetic Beijing Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing 100097, China.
| | - Liping Zhang
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; Molecular Genetic Beijing Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing 100097, China.
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Yang JW, Zou Y, Chen J, Cui C, Song J, Yang MM, Gao J, Hu HQ, Xia LQ, Wang LM, Lv XY, Chen L, Hou XG. Didymin alleviates metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) via the stimulation of Sirt1-mediated lipophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:921. [PMID: 38115075 PMCID: PMC10731721 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04790-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is one of the most prevalent metabolic syndromes worldwide. However, no approved pharmacological treatments are available for MAFLD. Chenpi, one kind of dried peel of citrus fruits, has traditionally been utilized as a medicinal herb for liver diseases. Didymin is a newly identified oral bioactive dietary flavonoid glycoside derived from Chenpi. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of Didymin as an anti-MAFLD drug and elucidated its underlying mechanisms. METHODS High-fat diet (HFD)-induced MAFLD mice and alpha mouse liver 12 (AML12) cells were utilized to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of Didymin in the treatment of MAFLD. Liver weight, serum biochemical parameters, and liver morphology were examined to demonstrate the therapeutic efficacy of Didymin in MAFLD treatment. RNA-seq analysis was performed to identify potential pathways that could be affected by Didymin. The impact of Didymin on Sirt1 was corroborated through western blot, molecular docking analysis, microscale thermophoresis (MST), and deacetylase activity assay. Then, a Sirt1 inhibitor (EX-527) was utilized to confirm that Didymin alleviates MAFLD via Sirt1. Western blot and additional assays were used to investigate the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Our results suggested that Didymin may possess therapeutic potential against MAFLD in vitro and in vivo. By promoting Sirt1 expression as well as directly binding to and activating Sirt1, Didymin triggers downstream pathways that enhance mitochondrial biogenesis and function while reducing apoptosis and enhancing lipophagy. CONCLUSIONS These suggest that Didymin could be a promising medication for MAFLD treatment. Furthermore, its therapeutic effects are mediated by Sirt1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wen Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Zou
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chen Cui
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jia Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Meng-Meng Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Hui-Qing Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Long-Qing Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Li-Ming Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Jinan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xin-Guo Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, China.
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, China.
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Jinan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
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Habibi F, García-Pastor ME, Puente-Moreno J, Garrido-Auñón F, Serrano M, Valero D. Anthocyanin in blood oranges: a review on postharvest approaches for its enhancement and preservation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:12089-12101. [PMID: 35822279 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2098250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Anthocyanin concentration is considered an important fruit quality index of blood oranges and has gained popularity among consumers due to its antioxidant capacity, therapeutic properties, and prevention of some human diseases. Anthocyanin biosynthesis occurs in the cytoplasmic face of the endoplasmic reticulum by multi-enzymes complexes through the flavonoid pathway. Polyphenoloxidase (PPO) and β-glucosidase (anthocyanase) are the enzymes responsible for anthocyanin degradation. Blood oranges are cold-dependent for anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation, and thus, the low temperature of storage can enhance anthocyanin concentration and improve internal fruit quality. In addition, anthocyanin accumulation can be accelerated by postharvest technologies, either physical treatments or chemical elicitors. However, low temperatures can induce chilling injury (CI) incidence in blood oranges. Postharvest chemical elicitors treatments can enhance anthocyanin accumulation and prevent CI. This review provides the most updated information about postharvest tools modulating the anthocyanin content, and the role of enhancing and preserving pigmentation to produce blood orange with the highest quality standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariborz Habibi
- Department of Food Technology, University Miguel Hernández. Ctra, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Jenifer Puente-Moreno
- Department of Food Technology, University Miguel Hernández. Ctra, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - Fernando Garrido-Auñón
- Department of Food Technology, University Miguel Hernández. Ctra, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - María Serrano
- Department of Applied Biology, University Miguel Hernández. Ctra, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - Daniel Valero
- Department of Food Technology, University Miguel Hernández. Ctra, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
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Deng X, He S, Han Y, Chen Y. Metabolites profiling reveals the dynamic changes of non-volatiles in Pu-erh during Ganpu tea processing. Food Chem X 2023; 19:100774. [PMID: 37780327 PMCID: PMC10534103 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ganpu is an unique tea product made by Pu-erh tea and citrus peel. In this study, the non-volatiles changes of Pu-erh during Ganpu tea processing were fully analyzed by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Total 276 significantly differential metabolites in Pu-erh during Ganpu processing were detected (P < 0.05, VIP > 1), and their change trend were clustered into 8 subclasses by K-means analysis. Metabolites of Pu-erh present at various processes were revealed. 72 differential metabolites (P < 0.05, VIP > 1 and fold change ≥2 or ≤0.5) between any two stages were identified and fixation was the key step with 61 differential metabolites. 39 flavonoids and 2 lignans and coumarins were significantly decreased after fixation, while 5 terpenoids, 3 amino acids, 1 organic acids, 2 nucleotides and derivatives and newly detected jasminoside A (Log2FC = 9.90), picrocrocin (Log2FC = 9.90) and nomilinic acid (Log2FC = 7.56) were significantly increased. The results provided valuable information about the effect of Ganpu processing on dynamic changes of non-volatiles in Pu-erh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Deng
- Department of Tea Science, College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shiqiang He
- Department of Tea Science, College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuxin Han
- Department of Tea Science, College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yingjuan Chen
- Department of Tea Science, College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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30
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Xiao Z, Wang Y, Liu J, Zhang S, Tan X, Zhao Y, Mao J, Jiang N, Zhou J, Shan Y. Systematic Engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Chassis for Efficient Flavonoid-7- O-Disaccharide Biosynthesis. ACS Synth Biol 2023; 12:2740-2749. [PMID: 37566738 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.3c00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are an essential class of secondary metabolites found in plants and possess various nutritional, medicinal, and agricultural properties. However, the poor water solubility of flavonoid aglycones limits their potential applications. To overcome this issue, glycosylation is a promising approach for improving water solubility and bioavailability. In this study, we constructed a flavonoid-7-O-disaccharide biosynthetic pathway with flavonoid aglycones as substrates in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Subsequently, through metabolic engineering and promoter strategies, we constructed a UDP-rhamnose regeneration system and optimized the UDP-glucose (UDPG) synthetic pathway. The optimized strain produced up to 131.3 mg/L eriocitrin. After this, the chassis cells were applied to other flavonoids, with substrates such as (2S)-naringenin, (2S)-hesperetin, diosmetin, and (2S)-eriodictyol, which resulted in the synthesis of 179.9 mg/L naringin, 276.6 mg/L hesperidin, 249.0 mg/L neohesperidin, 30.4 mg/L diosmin, and 100.7 mg/L neoeriocitrin. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the biosynthesis of flavonoid-7-O-disaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Xiao
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China
- Agriculture Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Hunan Key Lab of Fruits & Vegetables Storage, Processing, Quality and Safety, Hunan Agricultural Products Processing Institute, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Yongtong Wang
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China
- Agriculture Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Hunan Key Lab of Fruits & Vegetables Storage, Processing, Quality and Safety, Hunan Agricultural Products Processing Institute, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China
- Agriculture Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Hunan Key Lab of Fruits & Vegetables Storage, Processing, Quality and Safety, Hunan Agricultural Products Processing Institute, Changsha 410125, China
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, SE412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Siqi Zhang
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China
- Agriculture Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Hunan Key Lab of Fruits & Vegetables Storage, Processing, Quality and Safety, Hunan Agricultural Products Processing Institute, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Xinjia Tan
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China
- Agriculture Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Hunan Key Lab of Fruits & Vegetables Storage, Processing, Quality and Safety, Hunan Agricultural Products Processing Institute, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Yifei Zhao
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China
- Agriculture Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Hunan Key Lab of Fruits & Vegetables Storage, Processing, Quality and Safety, Hunan Agricultural Products Processing Institute, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Jiwei Mao
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, SE412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ning Jiang
- Agriculture Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Hunan Key Lab of Fruits & Vegetables Storage, Processing, Quality and Safety, Hunan Agricultural Products Processing Institute, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yang Shan
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China
- Agriculture Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Hunan Key Lab of Fruits & Vegetables Storage, Processing, Quality and Safety, Hunan Agricultural Products Processing Institute, Changsha 410125, China
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Straube H. Peeling back the layers: Unveiling the biochemistry of health-promoting molecules in orange fruits. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:2593-2595. [PMID: 37163666 PMCID: PMC10400021 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Henryk Straube
- Assistant Features Editor, Plant Physiology, American Society of Plant Biologists, USA
- Faculty of Science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section for Plant Biochemistry, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
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32
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Jabeen S, Saif R, Haq R, Hayat A, Naz S. Whole-genome sequencing and variant discovery of Citrus reticulata "Kinnow" from Pakistan. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:227. [PMID: 37422603 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01153-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Citrus is a source of nutritional and medicinal advantages, cultivated worldwide with major groups of sweet oranges, mandarins, grapefruits, kumquats, lemons and limes. Pakistan produces all major citrus groups with mandarin (Citrus reticulata) being the prominent group that includes local commercial cultivars Feutral's Early, Dancy, Honey, and Kinnow. The present study designed to understand the genetic architecture of this unique variety of Citrus reticulata 'Kinnow.' The whole-genome resequencing and variant calling was performed to map the genomic variability that might be responsible for its particular characteristics like taste, seedlessness, juice content, thickness of peel, and shelf-life. A total of 139,436,350 raw sequence reads were generated with 20.9 Gb data in Fastq format having 98% effectiveness and 0.2% base call error rate. Overall, 3,503,033 SNPs, 176,949 MNPs, 323,287 INS, and 333,083 DEL were identified using the GATK4 variant calling pipeline against Citrus clementina. Furthermore, g:Profiler was applied for annotating the newly found variants, harbor genes/transcripts and their involved pathways. A total of 73,864 transcripts harbors 4,336,352 variants, most of the observed variants were predicted in non-coding regions and 1009 transcripts were found well annotated by different databases. Out of total aforementioned transcripts, 588 involved in biological processes, 234 in molecular functions and 167 transcripts in cellular components. In a nutshell, 18,153 high impact variants and 216 genic variants found in the current study, which may be used after its functional validation for marker-assisted breeding programs of "Kinnow" to propagate its valued traits for the improvement of contemporary citrus varieties in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Jabeen
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Saif
- Department of Biotechnology, Qarshi University, Lahore, Pakistan
- Decode Genomics, Punjab University Employees Housing Scheme, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rukhama Haq
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Akbar Hayat
- Citrus Research Institute, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Naz
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan.
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33
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Liao Z, Liu X, Zheng J, Zhao C, Wang D, Xu Y, Sun C. A multifunctional true caffeoyl coenzyme A O-methyltransferase enzyme participates in the biosynthesis of polymethoxylated flavones in citrus. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:2049-2066. [PMID: 37086474 PMCID: PMC10315319 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs) have received extensive attention due to their abundant bioactivities. Citrus peels specifically accumulate abundant PMFs, and methylation modification is a key step in PMF biosynthesis; however, the function of reported O-methyltransferase (OMT) in citrus is insufficient to elucidate the complete methylation process of PMFs. In this study, we analyzed the accumulation pattern of PMFs in the flavedo of the sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) cultivar "Bingtangcheng" at different developmental stages. We found that accumulation of PMFs was completed at the early stage of fruit development (60-d after flowering). Furthermore, we characterized a true caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase (named CsCCoAOMT1) from C. sinensis. Functional analysis in vitro showed that CsCCoAOMT1 preferred flavonoids to caffeoyl-CoA and esculetin. This enzyme efficiently methylated the 6-, 7- 8-, and 3'-OH of a wide array of flavonoids with vicinal hydroxyl groups with a strong preference for quercetin (flavonol) and flavones. The transient overexpression and virus-induced gene silencing experiments verified that CsCCoAOMT1 could promote the accumulation of PMFs in citrus. These results reveal the function of true CCoAOMTs and indicate that CsCCoAOMT1 is a highly efficient multifunctional O-methyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of PMFs in citrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenkun Liao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Juan Zheng
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Chenning Zhao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Dengliang Wang
- Quzhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Xiangshan Country Agricultural Economic Specialty Technology Extension Center, Ningbo 315799, China
| | - Chongde Sun
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
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Wan H, Liu Y, Wang T, Jiang P, Wen W, Nie J. Comparative transcriptome and metabolome analysis identifies a citrus ERF transcription factor CsERF003 as flavonoid activator. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 334:111762. [PMID: 37295731 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factor (TF) modulation is a promising strategy for plant flavonoid improvement. Here, we observed evident decreases in some major flavones and flavonols and the expression of some key related genes in a 'Newhall' navel orange mutant (MT) relative to the wild type (WT). A consistently downregulated ERF TF CsERF003 in MT could increase the contents of major flavonoids and the precursor phenylalanine when transiently overexpressed in citrus fruit. Overexpression of CsERF003 in 'Micro-Tom' tomato (OE) resulted in a darker and redder fruit color than wild type 'Micro-Tom' (WTm). Two major flavonoids, naringeninchalcone and kaempferolrutinoside, were averagely induced by 7.99- and 36.83-fold in OEs, respectively, while little change was observed in other polyphenols, such as caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and gallic acid. Key genes involved in the initiation of phenylpropanoid (PAL, 4CH, and 4CL) and flavonoid (CHS and CHI) biosynthesis were up-regulated, while most genes participating in the biosynthesis of other polyphenols, such as HCT and CCR, were down-regulated in OEs. Therefore, it could be concluded that carbon flux floods into the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway and is then specifically directed for flavonoid biosynthesis. CsERF003 may be a potentially promising gene for fruit quality improvement and engineering of natural flavonoid components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoliang Wan
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University/Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Qingdao), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National Technology Centre for Whole Process Quality Control of FSEN Horticultural Products (Qingdao)/Qingdao Key Lab of Modern Agriculture Quality and Safety Engineering, Qingdao, 266109, China; National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yihui Liu
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University/Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Qingdao), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National Technology Centre for Whole Process Quality Control of FSEN Horticultural Products (Qingdao)/Qingdao Key Lab of Modern Agriculture Quality and Safety Engineering, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Tongtong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University/Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Qingdao), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National Technology Centre for Whole Process Quality Control of FSEN Horticultural Products (Qingdao)/Qingdao Key Lab of Modern Agriculture Quality and Safety Engineering, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Qingdao Agriculture Products Quality and Safety Center, Qingdao, 266035, China
| | - Weiwei Wen
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiyun Nie
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University/Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Qingdao), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National Technology Centre for Whole Process Quality Control of FSEN Horticultural Products (Qingdao)/Qingdao Key Lab of Modern Agriculture Quality and Safety Engineering, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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Zhu C, Chen J, Zhao C, Liu X, Chen Y, Liang J, Cao J, Wang Y, Sun C. Advances in extraction and purification of citrus flavonoids. FOOD FRONTIERS 2023; 4:750-781. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
AbstractFlavonoids are the representative active substances of citrus with various biological activities and high nutritional value. In order to evaluate and utilize citrus flavonoids, isolation and purification are necessary steps. This manuscript reviewed the research advances in the extraction and purification of citrus flavonoids. The structure classification, the plant and nutritional functions, and the biosynthesis of citrus flavonoids were summarized. The characteristics of citrus flavonoids and the selection of separation strategies were explained. The technical system of extraction and purification of citrus flavonoids was systematically described. Finally, outlook and research directions were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang‐Qing Zhu
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Fruit Science Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Jie‐Biao Chen
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Fruit Science Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Chen‐Ning Zhao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Fruit Science Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Xiao‐Juan Liu
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Fruit Science Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Yun‐Yi Chen
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Fruit Science Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Jiao‐Jiao Liang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Fruit Science Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Jin‐Ping Cao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Fruit Science Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Yue Wang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Fruit Science Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Chong‐De Sun
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Fruit Science Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
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Forner-Giner MÁ, Ballesta-de Los Santos M, Melgarejo P, Martínez-Nicolás JJ, Núñez-Gómez D, Continella A, Legua P. Influence of Different Rootstocks on Fruit Quality and Primary and Secondary Metabolites Content of Blood Oranges Cultivars. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104176. [PMID: 37241916 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood oranges have high concentrations of bioactive compounds that are beneficial to health. In Europe, the cultivation of blood oranges is increasing due to their excellent nutritional properties. In Citrus crops, rootstocks play an important role in juice and can increase the content of bioactive compounds. The morphological, qualitative and nutritional parameters were analyzed in cultivars 'Tarocco Ippolito', 'Tarocco Lempso', 'Tarocco Tapi' and 'Tarocco Fondaconuovo' grafted onto Citrus macrophylla and Citrus reshni. 'Tarocco Lempso' grafted onto Citrus macrophylla obtained the highest values of weight (275.78 g), caliber (81.37 mm and 76.79 mm) and juice content (162.11 g). 'Tarocco Tapi' grafted onto Citrus reshni obtained the most interesting qualitative parameters (15.40 °Brix; 12.0 MI). 'Tarocco Lempso' grafted onto Citrus reshni obtained the most intense red juice (a* = 9.61). Overall, the highest concentrations of primary metabolites were in proline, aspartate, citric acid, and sucrose. The results showed that 'Tarocco Ippolito' juice grafted onto Citrus reshni had the highest levels of total hydroxycinnamic acids (263.33 mg L-1), total flavones (449.74 mg L-1) and total anthocyanins (650.42 mg L-1). To conclude, 'Tarocco Lempso' grafted onto Citrus macrophylla obtained the best values of agronomic parameters, and the cultivars grafted onto Citrus reshni obtained significantly higher concentrations in primary and secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuel Ballesta-de Los Santos
- Research Group in Plant Production and Technology, Plant Sciences and Microbiology Department, Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
| | - Pablo Melgarejo
- Research Group in Plant Production and Technology, Plant Sciences and Microbiology Department, Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
| | - Juan José Martínez-Nicolás
- Research Group in Plant Production and Technology, Plant Sciences and Microbiology Department, Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
| | - Dámaris Núñez-Gómez
- Research Group in Plant Production and Technology, Plant Sciences and Microbiology Department, Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
| | - Alberto Continella
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Pilar Legua
- Research Group in Plant Production and Technology, Plant Sciences and Microbiology Department, Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
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Lin M, Xu C, Gao X, Zhang W, Yao Z, Wang T, Feng X, Wang Y. Comparative study on secondary metabolites from different citrus varieties in the production area of Zhejiang. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1159676. [PMID: 37252230 PMCID: PMC10211264 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1159676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the distribution pattern of bioactive components and their correlations between citrus varieties, we thoroughly analyzed secondary metabolites (including flavonoids, phenolic acids, carotenoids, and limonoids) in the peel and pulp of 11 citrus varieties from the production area of Zhejiang. Citrus peels accumulated metabolites far more than the pulp, and the accumulation varied significantly between species. Flavonoids were the most abundant compounds, followed by phenolic acids, with carotenoids and limonoids being far less abundant than the first two, but limonoids were more abundant than carotenoids. Hesperidin was the main flavonoid in most varieties, but cocktail grapefruit and Changshanhuyou contained naringin, with Ponkan having the most abundant polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs). The major components of phenolic acids, carotenoids, and limonoids were ferulic acid, β-cryptoxanthin, and limonin, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) indicated that these components were mostly correlated with each other, and these citrus varieties could be categorized into four groups by pulp and three groups by peel. The obtained results filled the data gap for secondary metabolites from local citrus and could provide data references for citrus resource utilization, selection and breeding of superior varieties, and other research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Lin
- Zhejiang Citrus Research Institute, Taizhou, China
| | - Chengnan Xu
- Zhejiang Citrus Research Institute, Taizhou, China
| | - Xueying Gao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Zhoulin Yao
- Zhejiang Citrus Research Institute, Taizhou, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Zhejiang Citrus Research Institute, Taizhou, China
| | - Xianju Feng
- Zhejiang Citrus Research Institute, Taizhou, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Zhejiang Citrus Research Institute, Taizhou, China
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Wu J, Lv S, Zhao L, Gao T, Yu C, Hu J, Ma F. Advances in the study of the function and mechanism of the action of flavonoids in plants under environmental stresses. PLANTA 2023; 257:108. [PMID: 37133783 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04136-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION This review summarizes the anti-stress effects of flavonoids in plants and highlights its role in the regulation of polar auxin transport and free radical scavenging mechanism. As secondary metabolites widely present in plants, flavonoids play a vital function in plant growth, but also in resistance to stresses. This review introduces the classification, structure and synthetic pathways of flavonoids. The effects of flavonoids in plant stress resistance were enumerated, and the mechanism of flavonoids in plant stress resistance was discussed in detail. It is clarified that plants under stress accumulate flavonoids by regulating the expression of flavonoid synthase genes. It was also determined that the synthesized flavonoids are transported in plants through three pathways: membrane transport proteins, vesicles, and bound to glutathione S-transferase (GST). At the same time, the paper explores that flavonoids regulate polar auxin transport (PAT) by acting on the auxin export carrier PIN-FORMED (PIN) in the form of ATP-binding cassette subfamily B/P-glycoprotein (ABCB/PGP) transporter, which can help plants to respond in a more dominant form to stress. We have demonstrated that the number and location of hydroxyl groups in the structure of flavonoids can determine their free radical scavenging ability and also elucidated the mechanism by which flavonoids exert free radical removal in cells. We also identified flavonoids as signaling molecules to promote rhizobial nodulation and colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to enhance plant-microbial symbiosis in defense to stresses. Given all this knowledge, we can foresee that the in-depth study of flavonoids will be an essential way to reveal plant tolerance and enhance plant stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieting Wu
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China.
| | - Sidi Lv
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Tian Gao
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Chang Yu
- Kerchin District Branch Office, Tongliao City Ecological Environment Bureau, Tongliao, 028006, China
| | - Jianing Hu
- Dalian Neusoft University of Information, Dalian, 116032, China
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
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Pasdaran A, Hamedi A, Shiehzadeh S, Hamedi A. A review of citrus plants as functional foods and dietary supplements for human health, with an emphasis on meta-analyses, clinical trials, and their chemical composition. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 54:311-336. [PMID: 36963879 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Fruits, flowers, leaves, essential oils, hydrosols, and juices of citrus spp. Are utilized to prepare various forms of food products. Along with their nutritional values, in the health industry, different parts of the plants of the citrus genus have been used as supplements or remedies to prevent or control diseases. This review focused on reported meta-analyses and clinical trials on the health benefits of citrus plants as functional foods. Also, chemical compounds of various citrus species were reviewed. The following information sources were used for data collection: Google Scholar, the Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. Various keywords, including "citrus AND chemical compounds," "citrus AND phytochemicals," "citrus species," "citrus AND meta-analysis," "nutritional and therapeutical values of citrus spp.," "clinical trials AND citrus," "clinical trials AND Rutaceae," "health benefits of citrus spp.," "citrus edible or non-edible applications," and scientific names of the citrus plants were utilized to collect data for the review. The scientific name and common name of all twenty-eight citrus species, along with any of the above keywords, were also searched in the mentioned databases. Scientific papers and data sources were sought to review and discuss the citrus plant's nutritional and therapeutic importance. Several meta-analyses and clinical trials have reported beneficial effects of citrus spices on a variety of cancer risks, cardiovascular risk factors, neurologic disorders, urinary tract conditions, and gastrointestinal tract conditions. They have shown anxiolytic, antimicrobial, and pain-alleviating effects. Some of them can be helpful in managing obesity and cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardalan Pasdaran
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azar Hamedi
- School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sara Shiehzadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azadeh Hamedi
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Zhou B, Wang L, Yang S, Liang Y, Zhang Y, Pan X, Li J. Diosmetin alleviates benzo[ a]pyrene-exacerbated H1N1 influenza virus-induced acute lung injury and dysregulation of inflammation through modulation of the PPAR-γ-NF-κB/P38 MAPK signaling axis. Food Funct 2023; 14:3357-3378. [PMID: 36942763 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02590f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
The severity of a viral respiratory illness was greatly exacerbated after exposure to a contaminant containing benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P). Flavonoid-rich fruit intake has gained intense interest due to their health-promoting benefits for viral respiratory diseases, including influenza viruses. In our study, diosmetin (3',5,7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone), a naturally occurring hydroxylated methoxyflavone that is abundant in Citrus fruits, was explored for its effects on B[a]P-exacerbated H1N1 influenza virus-mediated inflammation and lung injury. Initially, in vivo results demonstrated that diosmetin protected against H1N1 virus-elicited acute lung injury. Simultaneously, H1N1 virus or B[a]P-stimulated A549 cells treated with diosmetin inhibited NF-κB and P-P38 activation, resulting in suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis. Interestingly, diosmetin obviously promoted the expression of PPAR-γ as well as nuclear translocation of PPAR-γ, whereas, PPAR-γ inhibition by GW9662 weakened the inhibitory effects of diosmetin on H1N1 virus or B[a]P-mediated activation of NF-κB and P-P38, elevated expression of pro-inflammatory mediators as well as apoptosis. Furthermore, it was surprising to discover that mice exposed to both B[a]P and H1N1 viruses contributed to exacerbated acute lung injury, which were significantly ameliorated by diosmetin administration. In vitro studies showed that A549 cells with the combination of B[a]P and H1N1 virus augmented NF-κB and P-P38 activation, accompanied by higher levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and apoptosis, all of which were also significantly reduced by diosmetin treatment. Repressing PPAR-γ abrogated the inhibitory effects of diosmetin on B[a]P-exacerbated H1N1 virus-mediated NF-κB and P-P38 activation, inflammation, and apoptosis in A549 cells. Our findings suggest that diosmetin protected against B[a]P-exacerbated H1N1 virus-mediated lung injury by suppressing the exacerbation of NF-κB and P38 kinase activation in a PPAR-γ-dependent manner, suggesting potential benefits for B[a]P-exacerbated influenza-related illness therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beixian Zhou
- The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou 525200, China
| | | | - Sushan Yang
- The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou 525200, China
| | - Yueyun Liang
- The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou 525200, China
| | - Yuehan Zhang
- The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou 525200, China
| | | | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Qiu M, Wei W, Zhang J, Wang H, Bai Y, Guo DA. A Scientometric Study to a Critical Review on Promising Anticancer and Neuroprotective Compounds: Citrus Flavonoids. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030669. [PMID: 36978916 PMCID: PMC10045114 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids derived from citrus plants are favored by phytomedicinal researchers due to their wide range of biological activities, and relevant studies have been sustained for 67 years (since the first paper published in 1955). In terms of a scientometric and critical review, the scientometrics of related papers, chemical structures, and pharmacological action of citrus flavonoids were comprehensively summarized. The modern pharmacological effects of citrus flavonoids are primarily focused on their anticancer activities (such as breast cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, and liver cancer), neuroprotective effects (such as anti-Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease), and metabolic diseases. Furthermore, the therapeutic mechanism of cancers (including inducing apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation, and inhibiting cancer metastasis), neuroprotective effects (including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory), and metabolic diseases (such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus) were summarized and discussed. We anticipate that this review could provide an essential reference for anti-cancer and neuroprotective research of citrus flavonoids and provide researchers with a comprehensive understanding of citrus flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Qiu
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenlong Wei
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jianqing Zhang
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hanze Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuxin Bai
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - De-an Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Correspondence:
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Fan R, Zhu C, Qiu D, Mao G, Mueller-Roeber B, Zeng J. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal key genes controlling flavonoid biosynthesis in Citrus grandis 'Tomentosa' fruits. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 196:210-221. [PMID: 36724705 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As a well-recognized traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), immature fruits of Citrus grandis 'Tomentosa' (CGT) serve to cure chronic cough in humans. Specialized metabolites including flavonoids may have contribute to this curing effect. Knowledge about the molecular mechanisms underlying flavonoid biosynthesis in 'Tomentosa' fruits will, therefore, support the breeding of varieties with improved medicinal properties. Hence, we profiled the transcriptomes and metabolites of the fruits of two contrasting C. grandis varieties, namely 'Zheng-Mao' ('ZM') used in TCM production, and a locally cultivated pomelo, namely 'Guang-Qing' ('GQ'), at four developmental stages. A total of 39 flavonoids, including 14 flavanone/flavone, 5 isoflavonoids, 12 flavonols, and 6 anthocyanins, were identified, and 16 of which were quantitatively determined in the fruits of the two varieties. We found that 'ZM' fruits contain more flavonoids than 'GQ'. Specifically, rhoifolin levels were significantly higher in 'ZM' than in 'GQ'. We annotated 31,510 genes, including 1,387 previously unknown ones, via transcriptome sequencing of 'ZM' and 'GQ.' A total of 646 genes were found to be differentially expressed between 'ZM' and 'GQ' throughout at all four fruit developmental stages, indicating that they are robust expression markers for future breeding programs. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified 18 modules. Combined transcriptional and metabolic analysis revealed 25 genes related to flavonoid biosynthesis and 16 transcriptional regulators (MYBs, bHLHs, WD40) that may be involved in the flavonoids biosynthesis in C. grandis 'Tomentosa' fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyi Fan
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Congyi Zhu
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Diyang Qiu
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Genlin Mao
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Bernd Mueller-Roeber
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Golm, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476, Potsdam, Golm, Germany; Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology (CPSBB), 139 Ruski Blvd., 4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
| | - Jiwu Zeng
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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Deng M, Zhang R, Zhang S, Lu Q, Dong L, Huang F, Jia X, Ma Q, Chi J, Zhao D, Yan S, Zhang M. The flavonoid profiles in different tissue parts of Shatianyu (Citrus grandis L. Osbeck) and their in vitro bioactivity. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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Naringenin and Hesperidin as Promising Alternatives for Prevention and Co-Adjuvant Therapy for Breast Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030586. [PMID: 36978836 PMCID: PMC10045673 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrus (genus Citrus L.) fruits are essential sources of bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties, such as flavonoids. These polyphenolic compounds are divided into subclasses, in which flavanones are the most prominent. Among them, naringenin and hesperidin are emerging compounds with anticancer potential, especially for breast cancer (BC). Several mechanisms have been proposed, including the modulation of epigenetics, estrogen signaling, induction of cell death via regulation of apoptotic signaling pathways, and inhibition of tumor invasion and metastasis. However, this information is sparse in the literature and needs to be brought together to provide an overview of how naringenin and hesperidin can serve as therapeutic tools for drug development and as a successful co-adjuvant strategy against BC. This review detailed such mechanisms in this context and highlighted how naringenin and hesperidin could interfere in BC carcinogenesis and be helpful as potential alternative therapeutic sources for breast cancer treatment.
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Maszczyk M, Banach K, Rok J, Rzepka Z, Beberok A, Wrześniok D. Evaluation of Possible Neobavaisoflavone Chemosensitizing Properties towards Doxorubicin and Etoposide in SW1783 Anaplastic Astrocytoma Cells. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040593. [PMID: 36831260 PMCID: PMC9953891 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids exert many beneficial properties, such as anticancer activity. They were found to have chemopreventive effects hindering carcinogenesis, and also being able to affect processes important for cancer cell pathophysiology inhibiting its growth or promoting cell death. There are also reports on the chemosensitizing properties of flavonoids, which indicate that they could be used as a support of anticancer therapy. It gives promise for a novel therapeutic approach in tumors characterized by ineffective treatment, such as high-grade gliomas. The research was conducted on the in vitro culture of human SW1783 anaplastic astrocytoma cells incubated with neobavaisoflavone (NEO), doxorubicin, etoposide, and their combinations with NEO. The analyses involved the WST-1 cell viability assay and image cytometry techniques including cell count assay, Annexin V assay, the evaluation of mitochondrial membrane potential, and the cell-cycle phase distribution. We found that NEO affects the activity of doxorubicin and etoposide by reducing the viability of SW1783 cells. The combination of NEO and etoposide caused an increase in the apoptotic and low mitochondrial membrane potential subpopulations of SW1783 cells. Changes in the cell cycle were observed in all combined treatments. These findings indicate a potential chemosensitizing effect exerted by NEO.
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Taheri A, Ganjeali A, Arefi-Oskouie A, Çirak C, Cheniany M. The variability of phenolic constituents and antioxidant properties among wild populations of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:221-237. [PMID: 36875730 PMCID: PMC9981857 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01283-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, phenolic derivatives and antioxidant activities of fourteen Ziziphora clinopodioides populations, as well as LC-MS/MS analysis of three specific flavonoids were evaluated. Generally, high contents of phenolic derivatives were found in shoot extracts compared to roots. LC-MS/MS, a powerful analytical technique, was employed for the identification and quantify the individual flavonoids in Z. clinopodioides populations' extracts, in a quantity order of quercetin > rutin > apigenin. Scavenging activity by DPPH and FRAP was performed, and accordingly, in the shoot, the highest values for the DDPH were 4.61 ± 0.4 and 7.59 ± 0.26 µg ml- 1 in populations 1 and 13, respectively, and for the FRAP were 328.61 ± 5.54 and 292.84 ± 2.85 mg g DW- 1, in populations 6 and 1 respectively. Multivariate analysis results of the principal component analysis indicated the amount of polyphenols to be useful indicators in differentiating the geographical localities which explain 92.7% of the total variance. According to the results of hierarchical cluster analysis, the studied populations could be separated into two groups in that the contents of phenolic derivatives and antioxidant activities of different plant parts. Both shoot and root samples were well discriminated with the orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (R2X: 0.861; Q2: 0.47) model. The validity of the model was confirmed by using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and permutation tests. Such data make an important addition to our current knowledge of Ziziphora chemistry and are decisive in the identification of germplasms with a homogeneous phytochemical profile, high chemical content and bioactivity. The present results could also be helpful for the potential application of Z. clinopodioides in different kinds of industries as natural antioxidants. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01283-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Taheri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 91779-48974 Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Ganjeali
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 91779-48974 Mashhad, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Arefi-Oskouie
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Cüneyt Çirak
- Vocational High School of Bafra, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Monireh Cheniany
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 91779-48974 Mashhad, Iran
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Identification and Analysis of Metabolites That Contribute to the Formation of Distinctive Flavour Components of Laoxianghuang. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020425. [PMID: 36673517 PMCID: PMC9858094 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to volatile compounds, metabolites also have a great effect on the flavour of food. Fresh finger citron cannot be eaten directly because of its spicy and bitter taste, so it is made into a preserved fruit product known as Laoxianghuang (LXH). To investigate the metabolites that have an effect on the flavour of LXH, untargeted metabolomics was performed using an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), and the metabolites of the Laoxianghuang samples from different locations in the Chaoshan area were compared and analysed. A total of 756 metabolites were identified and distinct differences were revealed among the different Laoxianghuang samples. A total of 33 differential metabolites with the most significant changes were screened through further multivariate analytical steps, and each group of samples had unique metabolites. For instance, pomolic acid had the highest content in the JG sample, while L-glycyl-L-isoleucine was rich in the QS sample. Moreover, flavonoid metabolites made the greatest contribution to the unique flavour of Laoxianghuang. The metabolic pathways involved are the biosynthetic pathways of flavonoids, isoflavonoids, flavones, and flavonols. This study can provide some creative information for distinguishing the quality differences of Laoxianghuang from the perspective of metabolites and offer preliminary theoretical support to characterise the formation of flavour substances in Laoxianghuang.
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Zhang C, Liu Y, Liu X, Chen X, Chen R. Comprehensive Review of Recent Advances in Chiral A-Ring Flavonoid Containing Compounds: Structure, Bioactivities, and Synthesis. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28010365. [PMID: 36615559 PMCID: PMC9822200 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a group of natural polyphenolic substances that are abundant in vegetables, fruits, grains, and tea. Chiral A-ring-containing flavonoids are an important group of natural flavonoid derivatives applicable in a wide range of biological activities such as, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibition. The desirable development of chiral A-ring-containing flavonoids by isolation, semi-synthesis or total synthesis in a short duration proves their great value in medicinal chemistry research. In this review, the research progress of chiral A-ring-containing flavonoids, including isolation and extraction, structural identification, pharmacological activities, and synthetic methods, is comprehensively and systematically summarized. Furthermore, we provide suggestions for future research on the synthesis and biomedical applications of flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyue Zhang
- Medical Laboratory of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Yanzhi Liu
- College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | | | - Xiaochuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Ruijiao Chen
- Medical Laboratory of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
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Dadwal V, Gupta M. Recent developments in citrus bioflavonoid encapsulation to reinforce controlled antioxidant delivery and generate therapeutic uses: Review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:1187-1207. [PMID: 34378460 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1961676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Citrus fruits contain numerous antioxidative biomolecules including phenolic acids, flavonols, flavanones, polymethoxyflavones (PMFs), and their derivatives. Previous in vitro and in vivo studies thoroughly investigated the antioxidant and therapeutic potential of bioflavonoids extracted from different citrus varieties and fruit fractions. Major bioflavonoids such as hesperidin, naringin, naringenin, and PMFs, had restricted their incorporation into food and health products due to their poor solubility, chemical stability and bioavailability. Considering these limitations, modern encapsulation methodologies such as hydrogelation, liposomal interactions, emulsifications, and nanoparticles have been designed to shield bioflavonoids with improved target distribution for therapeutic enhancements. The size, durability, and binding efficiency of bioflavonoid-loaded encapsulates were acquired by the optimized chemical and instrumental parameters such as solubility, gelation, dispersion, extrusion, and drying. Bioflavonoid-enriched encapsulates have been also proven to be effective against cancer, inflammation, neurodegeneration, and various other illnesses. However, in the future, newer natural binding agents with higher binding capacity might accelerate the encapsulating potential, controlled release, and enhanced bioavailability of citrus bioflavonoids. Overall, these modern encapsulation systems are currently leading to a new era of diet-based medicine, as demand for citrus fruit-based nutritional supplements and edibles grows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Dadwal
- CSIR- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Mahesh Gupta
- CSIR- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Natural bioactive flavonoids as promising agents in alleviating exercise-induced fatigue. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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