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Bermúdez-Humarán LG, Chassaing B, Langella P. Exploring the interaction and impact of probiotic and commensal bacteria on vitamins, minerals and short chain fatty acids metabolism. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:172. [PMID: 38867272 PMCID: PMC11167913 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02449-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that probiotic and commensal bacteria play a role in substrate metabolism, energy harvesting and intestinal homeostasis, and may exert immunomodulatory activities on human health. In addition, recent research suggests that these microorganisms interact with vitamins and minerals, promoting intestinal and metabolic well-being while producing vital microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). In this regard, there is a flourishing field exploring the intricate dynamics between vitamins, minerals, SCFAs, and commensal/probiotic interactions. In this review, we summarize some of the major hypotheses beyond the mechanisms by which commensals/probiotics impact gut health and their additional effects on the absorption and metabolism of vitamins, minerals, and SCFAs. Our analysis includes comprehensive review of existing evidence from preclinical and clinical studies, with particular focus on the potential interaction between commensals/probiotics and micronutrients. Finally, we highlight knowledge gaps and outline directions for future research in this evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis G Bermúdez-Humarán
- Laboratory of Commensals and Probiotics-Host Interactions, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, AgroParisTech, 78350, France.
| | - Benoit Chassaing
- Microbiome-Host Interactions, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1306, Paris, France
- INSERM U1016, team Mucosal microbiota in chronic inflammatory diseases, CNRS UMR 8104, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Langella
- Laboratory of Commensals and Probiotics-Host Interactions, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, AgroParisTech, 78350, France.
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Saeidlou SN, Vahabzadeh D, Karimi F, Babaei F. Determining the vitamin D supplementation duration to reach an adequate or optimal vitamin D status and its effect on blood lipid profiles: a longitudinal study. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2024; 43:81. [PMID: 38867281 PMCID: PMC11170904 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-024-00576-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, Serum vitamin D (Vit. D) levels evaluation and the use of Vit. D supplements have increased substantially. There is no specific guideline for the duration of Vit. D supplementation, so yet Vit. D supplementation duration has remained a critical and controversial issue. This study aimed to determine the vit. D supplementation duration to reach an adequate or optimal Vit. D status and its effect on lipid profile. METHODS In this longitudinal study, 345 women with different status of Vit. D levels were enrolled and followed up for one year. Eligible participants received 50,000 IU Vit. D3 (cholecalciferol) once a month for 12 consecutive months. The serum Vit. D levels and lipid profiles were measured at baseline, 3rd, 6th, and 12th months after the intervention. Participants were categorized based on Vit. D level at baseline into deficiency (< 20 ng/mL), inadequate (20-30 ng/mL), and adequate (> 30 ng/mL) groups, and the data were compared at different times between the three groups. RESULTS Three deficiency (n = 73), inadequate (n = 138) and adequate (n = 134) groups of participants were followed. In all participants the average amount of Vit. D level changes were 8 ng/mL after one year of supplementation. The mean changes of serum Vit. D level in 6th and 12th months vs. 3th month was as below: In deficiency group: 4.08 ± 0.85 and 10.01 ± 1.02 ng/mL; (p < 0.001), in inadequate group: 3.07 ± 0.59 and 7.26 ± 0.78 ng/mL; (p = 0.001) and in adequate group: 2.02 ± 0.88 and 6.44 ± 1.005 ng/ml; (p = 0.001). Lipid profiles were improved in three groups. So, the mean changes of lipid profiles at the end of the study comparing with the baseline were: -5.86 ± 2.09, -7.22 ± 1.43 and - 6.17 ± 1.72 (mg/dl) for LDL (p < 0.05); -12.24 ± 3.08, -13.64 ± 3.21 and - 17.81 ± 2.94 (mg/dl) for cholesterol (p < 0.05) in deficiency, inadequate and adequate groups, respectively. For triglyceride, the mean changes were - 13.24 ± 5.78 and - 15.85 ± 7.49 (mg/dl) in deficiency and adequate groups, respectively (p < 0.05). Although the triglyceride decreased in the inadequate group at the end of the study but this difference was not significant (p = 0.67). CONCLUSION Taking of 50,000 IU Vit. D 3 monthly for 12 months resulted in reaching its level to adequate level in both deficiency and insufficient groups; however, in the adequate group its level did not reach above than 50 ng/mL. Therefore, 50,000 IU Vit. D3 supplementation monthly for one year can have beneficial effects on lipid profiles and there is no risk of toxicity in healthy women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakineh Nouri Saeidlou
- Food and Beverages Safety Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Davoud Vahabzadeh
- Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
| | - Fozieh Karimi
- Midwifery Department, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Fariba Babaei
- Department of Health Affairs, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Chamorro F, Cassani L, Garcia-Oliveira P, Barral-Martinez M, Jorge AOS, Pereira AG, Otero P, Fraga-Corral M, P. P. Oliveira MB, Prieto MA. Health benefits of bluefin tuna consumption: ( Thunnus thynnus) as a case study. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1340121. [PMID: 38628271 PMCID: PMC11018964 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1340121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Consumers are increasingly interested in food products with high nutritional value and health benefits. For instance, fish consumption is linked with diverse positive health benefits and the prevention of certain widespread disorders, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, or cardiovascular diseases. These benefits have been attributed to its excellent nutritional value (large amounts of high-quality fatty acids, proteins, vitamins, and minerals) and bioactive compounds, while being relatively low-caloric. Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus tynnus) is one of the most consumed species worldwide, motivated by its good nutritional and organoleptic characteristics. Recently, some organizations have proposed limitations on its consumption due to the presence of contaminants, mainly heavy metals such as mercury. However, several studies have reported that most specimens hold lower levels of contaminants than the established limits and that their richness in selenium effectively limits the contaminants' bioaccessibility in the human body. Considering this situation, this study aims to provide baseline data about the nutritional composition and the latest evidence regarding the beneficial effects of Atlantic bluefin tuna consumption. A review of the risk-benefit ratio was also conducted to evaluate the safety of its consumption, considering the current suggested limitations to this species' consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Chamorro
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)-CITEXVI, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - L. Cassani
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)-CITEXVI, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - P. Garcia-Oliveira
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)-CITEXVI, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - M. Barral-Martinez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)-CITEXVI, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - A. O. S. Jorge
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)-CITEXVI, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
- REQUIMTE/Serviço de Bromatologia, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - A. G. Pereira
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)-CITEXVI, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Paz Otero
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)-CITEXVI, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - M. Fraga-Corral
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)-CITEXVI, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - M. A. Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)-CITEXVI, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
- LAQV@REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Khandelwal P, Langenberg L, Luebbering N, Lake KE, Butcher A, Bota K, Ramos KN, Taggart C, Choe H, Vasu S, Teusink-Cross A, Koo J, Wallace G, Romick-Rosendale L, Watanabe-Chailland M, Haslam DB, Lane A, Davies SM. A randomized phase 2 trial of oral vitamin A for graft-versus-host disease in children and young adults. Blood 2024; 143:1181-1192. [PMID: 38227933 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023022865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Vitamin A plays a key role in the maintenance of gastrointestinal homeostasis and promotes a tolerogenic phenotype in tissue resident macrophages. We conducted a prospective randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial in which 80 recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) were randomized 1:1 to receive pretransplant high-dose vitamin A or placebo. A single oral dose of vitamin A of 4000 IU/kg, maximum 250 000 IU was given before conditioning. The primary end point was incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) at day +100. In an intent-to-treat analysis, incidence of acute GVHD was 12.5% in the vitamin A arm and 20% in the placebo arm (P = .5). Incidence of acute gastrointestinal (GI) GVHD was 2.5% in the vitamin A arm (P = .09) and 12.5% in the placebo arm at day +180. Incidence of chronic GVHD was 5% in the vitamin A arm and 15% in the placebo arm (P = .02) at 1 year. In an "as treated" analysis, cumulative incidence of acute GI GVHD at day +180 was 0% and 12.5% in recipients of vitamin A and placebo, respectively (P = .02), and cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD was 2.7% and 15% in recipients of vitamin A and placebo, respectively (P = .01). The only possibly attributable toxicity was asymptomatic grade 3 hyperbilirubinemia in 1 recipient of vitamin A at day +30, which self-resolved. Absolute CCR9+ CD8+ effector memory T cells, reflecting gut T-cell trafficking, were lower in the vitamin A arm at day +30 after HSCT (P = .01). Levels of serum amyloid A-1, a vitamin A transport protein with proinflammatory effects, were lower in the vitamin A arm. The vitamin A arm had lower interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, and suppressor of tumorigenicity 2 levels and likely a more favorable gut microbiome and short chain fatty acids. Pre-HSCT oral vitamin A is inexpensive, has low toxicity, and reduces GVHD. This trial was registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT03202849.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Khandelwal
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH
| | - Lucille Langenberg
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH
| | - Nathan Luebbering
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH
| | - Kelly E Lake
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH
| | - Abigail Butcher
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Kylie Bota
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH
| | - Kristie N Ramos
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH
| | - Cynthia Taggart
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH
| | - Hannah Choe
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus OH
| | - Sumithira Vasu
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus OH
| | - Ashley Teusink-Cross
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH
- Division of Pharmacy, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Jane Koo
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH
| | - Gregory Wallace
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH
| | - Lindsey Romick-Rosendale
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH
- Division of Pathology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Miki Watanabe-Chailland
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH
- Division of Pathology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - David B Haslam
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH
- Divison of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Adam Lane
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH
| | - Stella M Davies
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH
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Schreiber L, Ghimire S, Hiergeist A, Renner K, Althammer M, Babl N, Peuker A, Schoenhammer G, Hippe K, Gessner A, Albrecht C, Pielmeier F, Büttner-Herold M, Bruns H, Hoffmann P, Herr W, Holler E, Peter K, Kreutz M, Matos C. Strain specific differences in vitamin D3 response: impact on gut homeostasis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1347835. [PMID: 38495883 PMCID: PMC10943696 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1347835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D3 regulates a variety of biological processes irrespective of its well-known importance for calcium metabolism. Epidemiological and animal studies indicate a role in immune regulation, intestinal barrier function and microbiome diversity. Here, we analyzed the impact of different vitamin D3- containing diets on C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, with a particular focus on gut homeostasis and also investigated effects on immune cells in vitro. Weak regulatory effects were detected on murine T cells. By trend, the active vitamin D3 metabolite 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 suppressed IFN, GM-CSF and IL-10 cytokine secretion in T cells of C57BL/6 but not BALB/c mice, respectively. Using different vitamin D3-fortified diets, we found a tissue-specific enrichment of mainly CD11b+ myeloid cells but not T cells in both mouse strains e.g. in spleen and Peyer's Patches. Mucin Reg3γ and Batf expression, as well as important proteins for gut homeostasis, were significantly suppressed in the small intestine of C57BL76 but not BALB/c mice fed with a high-vitamin D3 containing diet. Differences between both mouse stains were not completely explained by differences in vitamin D3 receptor expression which was strongly expressed in epithelial cells of both strains. Finally, we analyzed gut microbiome and again an impact of vitamin D3 was detected in C57BL76 but not BALB/c. Our data suggest strain-specific differences in vitamin D3 responsiveness under steady state conditions which may have important implications when choosing a murine disease model to study vitamin D3 effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Schreiber
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sakhila Ghimire
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Hiergeist
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Renner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Althammer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nathalie Babl
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alice Peuker
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gabriele Schoenhammer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Hippe
- Department of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andre Gessner
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Maike Büttner-Herold
- Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Heiko Bruns
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Petra Hoffmann
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy (LIT), Regensburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Herr
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ernst Holler
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Peter
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Marina Kreutz
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Carina Matos
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Zou M, Liang Q, Zhang W, Liang J, Zhu Y, Xu Y. Diet-derived circulating antioxidants and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: a Mendelian randomization study and meta-analysis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1334395. [PMID: 38449867 PMCID: PMC10915022 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1334395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have shown conflicting results regarding the impact of circulating antioxidants on the risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, our intent was to investigate the causal relationship between circulating antioxidants and IBD using Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods Instrumental variables for absolute circulating antioxidants (ascorbate, retinol, lycopene, and β-carotene) and circulating antioxidant metabolites (α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, ascorbate, and retinol) were screened from published studies. We obtained outcome data from two genome-wide association study (GWAS) databases, including the international inflammatory bowel disease genetics consortium (IIBDGC, 14,927 controls and 5,956 cases for Crohn's disease (CD), 20,464 controls and 6,968 cases for ulcerative colitis (UC), and 21,770 controls and 12,882 cases for IBD) and the FinnGen study (375,445 controls and 1,665 cases for CD, 371,530 controls and 5,034 cases for UC, and 369,652 controls and 7,625 cases for IBD). MR analysis was performed in each of the two databases and those results were pooled using meta-analysis to assess the overall effect of exposure on each phenotype. In order to confirm the strength of the findings, we additionally conducted a replication analysis using the UK Biobank. Results In the meta-analysis of the IIBDGC and FinnGen, we found that each unit increase in absolute circulating level of retinol was associated with a 72% reduction in the risk of UC (OR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.10 to 0.78, P=0.015). The UC GWAS data from the UK Biobank also confirmed this causal relationship (OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.97 to 1.00, P=0.016). In addition, there was suggestive evidence that absolute retinol level was negatively associated with IBD (OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.18 to 0.92, P=0.031). No other causal relationship was found. Conclusion Our results provide strong evidence that the absolute circulating level of retinol is associated with a reduction in the risk of UC. Further MR studies with more instrumental variables on circulating antioxidants, especially absolute circulating antioxidants, are needed to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglong Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiaoli Liang
- Department of Oncology, Doumen Qiaoli Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Junyao Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yin Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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7
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Qiao NN, Fang Q, Zhang XH, Ke SS, Wang ZW, Tang G, Leng RX, Fan YG. Effects of alcohol on the composition and metabolism of the intestinal microbiota among people with HIV: a cross-sectional study. Alcohol 2024:S0741-8329(24)00019-3. [PMID: 38387693 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Alcohol consumption is not uncommon among people with HIV (PWH) and may exacerbate HIV-induced intestinal damage, and further lead to dysbiosis and increased intestinal permeability. This study aimed to determine the changes in the faecal microbiota and its association with alcohol consumption in HIV-infected patients. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted between November 2021 and May 2022, and 93 participants were recruited. To investigate the alterations of alcohol misuse on fecal microbiology in HIV-infected individuals, we performed 16s rDNA gene sequencing on fecal samples from the low to moderate drinking (n=21) and non-drinking (n=72) groups. RESULTS Comparison between groups using alpha and beta diversity showed that the diversity of stool microbiota in the low to moderate drinkinge group did not differ from that of the non-drinking group (all P>0.05). The Linear discriminant Analysis effect size (LEfSe) algorithm was to determine the bacterial taxa associated with alcohol consumption, and the results showed altered fecal bacterial composition in HIV-infected patients who consumed alcohol, with Coprobacillus, Pseudobutyrivibrio and Peptostreptococcaceae enriched, and Pasteurellaceae and Xanthomonadaceae were depleted. In addition, by using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional microbiome features were also found to be altered in the low to moderate drinking group, showing a reduction in metabolic pathways (P=0.036) and cardiovascular disease pathway (P=0.006). CONCLUSION Low to moderate drinking will change the composition, metabolism and cardiovascular disease pathway of the gut microbiota of HIV-infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni-Ni Qiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Fang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Hong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Su-Su Ke
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Wei Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Gan Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Xue Leng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 Anhui People's Republic of China.
| | - Yin-Guang Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 Anhui People's Republic of China.
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8
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Valvano M, Magistroni M, Cesaro N, Carlino G, Monaco S, Fabiani S, Vinci A, Vernia F, Viscido A, Latella G. Effectiveness of Vitamin D Supplementation on Disease Course in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients: Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2024; 30:281-291. [PMID: 36579768 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izac253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The vitamin D role in bone metabolism is well known; however, recent evidence suggests the impact of vitamin D in immune modulation and its implications in immune-mediated diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHOD We performed a systematic review with meta-analysis by a specific protocol (PROSPERO: CRD42022311184; March 2022, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=311184). Randomized clinical trials involving IBD patients treated with vitamin D supplementation, compared with placebo, that evaluated the risk of clinical relapse and disease activity were included. Literature search was performed using Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane CENTRAL through January 2022. RESULTS Out of 1448 articles, 12 (11 full-texts and 1 abstract) were included. Seven randomized clinical trials reported data on the clinical relapse as dichotomous outcome, while 7 studies reported data on disease activity expressed as continuous variables. The pooled risk ratio of clinical relapse was 0.64 (95% confidence interval, 0.46-0.89; I2 = 25%) among 458 IBD patients. However, this seems to be solid only in Crohn's disease (CD) patients. In fact, only 2 studies, involving 67 patients with ulcerative colitis, were included in the analysis. CD patients in clinical remission had a strong significant risk reduction in clinical relapse (risk ratio, 0.47; 95% confidence interval, 0.27-0.82; I2 = 0%), suggesting that it could be a specific subgroup with maximum clinical benefit of vitamin D supplementation. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis shows that vitamin D supplementation can reduce the risk of clinical relapse in IBD patients, especially in CD patients in clinical remission. In a subgroup analysis, it was not significant (due to small number of studies and low number of patients), and well-powered studies are needed, in particular for ulcerative colitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Valvano
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Marco Magistroni
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Nicola Cesaro
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giorgio Carlino
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Sabrina Monaco
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Stefano Fabiani
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Antonio Vinci
- Santo Spirito Hospital Clinical Management Unit, Local Health Authority Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Vernia
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Angelo Viscido
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giovanni Latella
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Huang YQ, Liu JL, Chen GX, Shen DT, Zhu W, Chen XL, Liu FB, Hou QK. Berberine Enhances Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Function by Promoting Vitamin D Receptor Activity. Chin J Integr Med 2024; 30:143-151. [PMID: 37046128 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3547-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate if berberine can act on vitamin D receptors (VDR) and thereby regulate the expression of tight junction proteins (TJPs) in irritable bowel syndrame-diarrhea-predominant (IBS-D) rats. METHODS The newborn rats were induced into IBS-D rat model via neonatal maternal separation combined with acetic acid chemical stimulation. After modeling, the model was evaluated and rats were divided into the control group and berberine treatment groups (0.85, 1.7 and 3.4 mg/kg, once a day for 2 weeks). The distal colon was obtained and colonic epithelial cells (CECs) were isolated and cultured after IBS-D model evaluation. The vitamin D receptor response element (VDRE) reporter gene was determined in the CECs of IBS-D rats to analyze the effect of berberine on the VDRE promoter. VDR overexpression or silencing technology was used to analyze whether VDR plays a role in promoting intestinal barrier repair, and to determine which region of VDR plays a role in berberine-regulated intestinal TJPs. RESULTS The IBS-D rat model was successfully constructed and the symptoms were improved by berberine in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). The activity of VDRE promoter was also effectively promoted by berberine (P<0.05). Berberine increased the expression of TJPs in IBS-D CECs (P<0.05). VDR expression was significantly increased after transfection of different domains of VDR when compared to normal control and basic plasmid groups (all P<0.05). RT-qPCR and Western blot results showed that compared with the blank group, expressions of occludin and zonula occludens-1 were significantly higher in VDR containing groups (all P<0.05). Berberine plus pCMV-Myc-VDR-N group exerted the highest expression levels of occludin and zonula occludens-1 (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Berberine enhances intestinal mucosal barrier function of IBS-D rats by promoting VDR activity, and the main site of action is the N-terminal region of VDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Quan Huang
- Graduate School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jia-Lin Liu
- Graduate School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Geng-Xin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dan-Ting Shen
- Graduate School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Wang Zhu
- Graduate School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Xin-Lin Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Statistics, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Feng-Bin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Qiu-Ke Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
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Shibamoto A, Kaji K, Nishimura N, Kubo T, Iwai S, Tomooka F, Suzuki J, Tsuji Y, Fujinaga Y, Kawaratani H, Namisaki T, Akahane T, Yoshiji H. Vitamin D deficiency exacerbates alcohol-related liver injury via gut barrier disruption and hepatic overload of endotoxin. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 122:109450. [PMID: 37777163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that translocates via the disrupted intestinal barrier plays an essential role in the progression of alcohol-related liver disease (ALD). Vitamin D deficiency is observed in ALD, and it participates in regulating gut barrier function. The current study aimed to examine the association between vitamin D deficiency and endotoxemia in patients with ALD-related cirrhosis. Moreover, the effect of vitamin D deficiency on ethanol (EtOH)- and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury relevant to gut barrier disruption in mice was investigated. Patients with ALD-related cirrhosis (Child-Pugh Class A/B/C; n=56/15/7) had lower 25(OH)D levels and higher endotoxin activities than non-drinking healthy controls (n=19). The serum 25(OH)D levels were found to be negatively correlated with endotoxin activity (R=-0.481, P<.0001). The EtOH/CCl4-treated mice developed hepatic inflammation and fibrosis, which were significantly enhanced by vitamin D-deficient diet. Vitamin D deficiency enhanced gut hyperpermeability by inhibiting the intestinal expressions of tight junction proteins including ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-2/5/12/15 in the EtOH/CCl4-treated mice. Consequently, it promoted the accumulation of lipid peroxidases, increased the expression of NADPH oxidases, and induced Kupffer cell infiltration and LPS/toll-like receptor 4 signaling-mediated proinflammatory response. Based on the in vitro assay, vitamin D-mediated vitamin D receptor activation inhibited EtOH-stimulated paracellular permeability and the downregulation of tight junction proteins via the upregulation of caudal-type homeobox 1 in Caco-2 cells. Hence, vitamin D deficiency exacerbates the pathogenesis of ALD via gut barrier disruption and hepatic overload of LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Shibamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Kosuke Kaji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
| | - Norihisa Nishimura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kubo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iwai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Fumimasa Tomooka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Junya Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Yuki Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Yukihisa Fujinaga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hideto Kawaratani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Tadashi Namisaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Takemi Akahane
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yoshiji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
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11
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Wang Y, Li Y, Bo L, Zhou E, Chen Y, Naranmandakh S, Xie W, Ru Q, Chen L, Zhu Z, Ding C, Wu Y. Progress of linking gut microbiota and musculoskeletal health: casualty, mechanisms, and translational values. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2263207. [PMID: 37800576 PMCID: PMC10561578 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2263207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The musculoskeletal system is important for balancing metabolic activity and maintaining health. Recent studies have shown that distortions in homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota are correlated with or may even contribute to abnormalities in musculoskeletal system function. Research has also shown that the intestinal flora and its secondary metabolites can impact the musculoskeletal system by regulating various phenomena, such as inflammation and immune and metabolic activities. Most of the existing literature supports that reasonable nutritional intervention helps to improve and maintain the homeostasis of intestinal microbiota, and may have a positive impact on musculoskeletal health. The purpose of organizing, summarizing and discussing the existing literature is to explore whether the intervention methods, including nutritional supplement and moderate exercise, can affect the muscle and bone health by regulating the microecology of the intestinal flora. More in-depth efficacy verification experiments will be helpful for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, School of Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Bo
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Enyuan Zhou
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, School of Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanyan Chen
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, School of Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shinen Naranmandakh
- School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Wenqing Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qin Ru
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, School of Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, School of Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaohua Zhu
- Clinical Research Centre, Orthopedic Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changhai Ding
- Clinical Research Centre, Orthopedic Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Yuxiang Wu
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, School of Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
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12
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Wu S, Wang L, Cui B, Wen X, Jiang Z, Hu S. Effects of Vitamin A on Growth Performance, Antioxidants, Gut Inflammation, and Microbes in Weaned Piglets. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2049. [PMID: 38136169 PMCID: PMC10740560 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Piglet weaning is an important stage in production where changes in the environment and diet can cause problems such as intestinal inflammation and diarrhea. Vitamin A is an essential nutrient for human and animal growth and has immunomodulatory and inflammatory effects. A large body of literature has previously reported on the use of vitamin A in piglet production, so our experiment added different concentrations of vitamin A (0, 1100, 2200, 4400, 8800, and 17,600 IU/kg) to weaned piglet diets to study the effects of different doses on growth performance, intestinal barrier, inflammation, and flora in weaned piglets. We selected 4400 IU/kg as the optimum concentration of vitamin A in relation to average daily weight gain, feed intake, feed-to-weight ratio, and diarrhea rate, and subsequently tested the inflammatory factors, immunoglobulin content, antioxidant levels, and intestinal flora of weaned piglets. Results: We observed that the diarrhea rate of weaned piglets was significantly lower after the addition of 4400 IU/kg of vitamin A to the diet (p < 0.05). A control group and a 4400 IU/kg VA group were selected for subsequent experiments. We found that after the addition of vitamin A, the serum CAT level of weaned piglets increased significantly, the expression of Claudin-1 in the jejunum and ileum increased significantly, the expression of Occludin gene in the jejunum increased significantly, the expression of IL-5 and IL-10 in the ileum increased significantly (p < 0.05), and the expression of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 in the ileum increased significantly (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, in the colonic flora of vitamin A-added weaned piglets, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Erysipelotrichales decreased significantly, while the relative abundance of Bacteroidales increased significantly (p < 0.05). The results of this study indicated that vitamin A at 4400 IU/kg reduces diarrhea in weaned piglets by increasing antioxidant levels, increasing intestinal tight junction protein gene expression, and regulating colonic gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Wu
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China (L.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Laboratory Maoming Branch, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China (L.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Laboratory Maoming Branch, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Bailei Cui
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China (L.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Laboratory Maoming Branch, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiaolu Wen
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China (L.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Laboratory Maoming Branch, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zongyong Jiang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China (L.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Laboratory Maoming Branch, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shenglan Hu
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China (L.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Laboratory Maoming Branch, Guangzhou 510640, China
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13
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Chamorro F, Otero P, Carpena M, Fraga-Corral M, Echave J, Seyyedi-Mansour S, Cassani L, Prieto MA. Health Benefits of Oily Fish: Illustrated with Blue Shark ( Prionace glauca), Shortfin Mako Shark ( Isurus oxyrinchus), and Swordfish ( Xiphias gladius). Nutrients 2023; 15:4919. [PMID: 38068777 PMCID: PMC10708079 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Oily fish is a rich source of energy, proteins, essential amino acids, lipids, vitamins, and minerals. Among the macronutrients with the highest contribution are lipids, mainly long-chain omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 LC-PUFA), especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Both EPA and DHA play a beneficial role in promoting health and preventing many diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, such as stroke and acute myocardial infarction. They also contribute to the prevention of neurological, metabolic, and immune-system-related diseases, as well as supporting body-weight control. Oily fish consumption is also important at different stages of human life, from conception to old age. For example, DHA plays an important role in brain and retina development during fetal development and in the first two years of life, as it positively influences neurodevelopment, such as visual acuity, and cognitive functions. In contrast with the possible health benefits of the intake of oily fish, the presence of certain chemical pollutants, for example, heavy metals, can be a risk for the health of consumers, mainly in sensitive population groups such as pregnant women and children under 2 years of age. The presence of these pollutants is influenced to a greater extent by fish species, their role in the trophic chain, and their size. However, various studies state that the benefits outweigh the risk of consuming certain species. This review will be focused on the health benefits of the intake of three oily fish species, namely blue shark (Prionace glauca), shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus), and swordfish (Xiphias gladius).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Miguel A. Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)—CITEXVI, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (F.C.); (P.O.); (M.C.); (M.F.-C.); (J.E.); (S.S.-M.); (L.C.)
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14
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Jotshi A, Sukla KK, Haque MM, Bose C, Varma B, Koppiker CB, Joshi S, Mishra R. Exploring the human microbiome - A step forward for precision medicine in breast cancer. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2023; 6:e1877. [PMID: 37539732 PMCID: PMC10644338 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The second most frequent cancer in the world and the most common malignancy in women is breast cancer. Breast cancer is a significant health concern in India with a high mortality-to-incidence ratio and presentation at a younger age. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have identified gut microbiota as a significant factor that can have an influence on the development, treatment, and prognosis of breast cancer. This review article aims to describe the influence of microbial dysbiosis on breast cancer occurrence and the possible interactions between oncobiome and specific breast cancer molecular subtypes. The review further also discusses the role of epigenetics and diet/nutrition in the regulation of the gut and breast microbiome and its association with breast cancer prevention, therapy, and recurrence. Additionally, the recent technological advances in microbiome research, including next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, genome sequencing, single-cell sequencing, and microbial metabolomics along with recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have also been reviewed. This is an attempt to present a comprehensive status of the microbiome as a key cancer biomarker. CONCLUSION We believe that correlating microbiome and carcinogenesis is important as it can provide insights into the mechanisms by which microbial dysbiosis can influence cancer development and progression, leading to the potential use of the microbiome as a tool for prognostication and personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Jotshi
- Centre for Translational Cancer Research: A Joint Initiative of Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune and Prashanti Cancer Care Mission (PCCM)PuneIndia
| | | | | | - Chandrani Bose
- Life Sciences R&D, TCS Research, Tata Consultancy Services LimitedPuneIndia
| | - Binuja Varma
- TCS Genomics Lab, Tata Consultancy Services LimitedNew DelhiIndia
| | - C. B. Koppiker
- Centre for Translational Cancer Research: A Joint Initiative of Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune and Prashanti Cancer Care Mission (PCCM)PuneIndia
- Prashanti Cancer Care Mission, Pune, India and Orchids Breast Health Centre, a PCCM initiativePuneIndia
| | - Sneha Joshi
- Centre for Translational Cancer Research: A Joint Initiative of Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune and Prashanti Cancer Care Mission (PCCM)PuneIndia
| | - Rupa Mishra
- Centre for Translational Cancer Research: A Joint Initiative of Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune and Prashanti Cancer Care Mission (PCCM)PuneIndia
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15
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Poto R, Laniro G, de Paulis A, Spadaro G, Marone G, Gasbarrini A, Varricchi G. Is there a role for microbiome-based approach in common variable immunodeficiency? Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:1981-1998. [PMID: 36737487 PMCID: PMC9897624 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by low levels of serum immunoglobulins and increased susceptibility to infections, autoimmune disorders and cancer. CVID embraces a plethora of heterogeneous manifestations linked to complex immune dysregulation. While CVID is thought to be due to genetic defects, the exact cause of this immune disorder is unknown in the large majority of cases. Compelling evidences support a linkage between the gut microbiome and the CVID pathogenesis, therefore a potential for microbiome-based treatments to be a therapeutic pathway for this disorder. Here we discuss the potential of treating CVID patients by developing a gut microbiome-based personalized approach, including diet, prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation. We also highlight the need for a better understanding of microbiota-host interactions in CVID patients to prime the development of improved preventive strategies and specific therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remo Poto
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
- World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità (ISS), Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Laniro
- Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Amato de Paulis
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
- World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Spadaro
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
- World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianni Marone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
- World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy.
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy.
- World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence, 80131, Naples, Italy.
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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Hada A, Li L, Kandel A, Jin Y, Xiao Z. Characterization of Bovine Intraepithelial T Lymphocytes in the Gut. Pathogens 2023; 12:1173. [PMID: 37764981 PMCID: PMC10535955 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12091173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Intraepithelial T lymphocytes (T-IELs), which constitute over 50% of the total T lymphocytes in the animal, patrol the mucosal epithelial lining to defend against pathogen invasion while maintaining gut homeostasis. In addition to expressing T cell markers such as CD4 and CD8, T-IELs display T cell receptors (TCR), including either TCRαβ or TCRγδ. Both humans and mice share similar T-IEL subsets: TCRγδ+, TCRαβ+CD8αα+, TCRαβ+CD4+, and TCRαβ+CD8αβ+. Among these subsets, human T-IELs are predominantly TCRαβ+ (over 80%), whereas those in mice are mostly TCRγδ+ (~60%). Of note, the majority of the TCRγδ+ subset expresses CD8αα in both species. Although T-IELs have been extensively studied in humans and mice, their profiles in cattle have not been well examined. Our study is the first to characterize bovine T-IELs using flow cytometry, where we identified several distinct features. The percentage of TCRγδ+ was comparable to that of TCRαβ+ T-IELs (both ~50% of CD3+), and the majority of bovine TCRγδ+ T-IELs did not express CD8 (CD8-) (above 60%). Furthermore, about 20% of TCRαβ+ T-IELs were CD4+CD8αβ+, and the remaining TCRαβ+ T-IELs were evenly distributed between CD4+ and CD8αβ+ (~40% of TCRαβ+ T-IELs each) with no TCRαβ+CD8αα+ identified. Despite these unique properties, bovine T-IELs, similar to those in humans and mice, expressed a high level of CD69, an activation and tissue-retention marker, and a low level of CD62L, a lymphoid adhesion marker. Moreover, bovine T-IELs produced low levels of inflammatory cytokines such as IFNγ and IL17A, and secreted small amounts of the immune regulatory cytokine TGFβ1. Hence, bovine T-IELs' composition largely differs from that of human and mouse, with the dominance of the CD8- population among TCRγδ+ T-IELs, the substantial presence of TCRαβ+CD4+CD8αβ+ cells, and the absence of TCRαβ+CD8αα+ T-IELs. These results provide the groundwork for conducting future studies to examine how bovine T-IELs respond to intestinal pathogens and maintain the integrity of the gut epithelial barrier in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zhengguo Xiao
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (A.H.); (L.L.); (A.K.); (Y.J.)
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17
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Song WX, Yu ZH, Ren XF, Chen JH, Chen X. Role of micronutrients in inflammatory bowel disease. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2023; 31:711-731. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v31.i17.711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an autoimmune intestinal disease that includes ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and indeterminate colitis. Patients with IBD are often at risk for malnutrition, including micronutrient deficiencies, due to dietary restrictions and poor intestinal absorption. Micronutrients, including vitamins and minerals, play an important role in the human body's metabolism and maintenance of tissue functions. This article reviews the role of micronutrients in IBD. Micronutrients can affect the occurrence and progression of IBD by regulating immunity, intestinal flora, oxidative stress, intestinal barrier function, and other aspects. Monitoring and timely supplementation of micronutrients are important to delay progression and improve clinical symptoms in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xuan Song
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Zi-Han Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xiang-Feng Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Ji-Hua Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
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18
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Houghton CA. The Rationale for Sulforaphane Favourably Influencing Gut Homeostasis and Gut-Organ Dysfunction: A Clinician's Hypothesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13448. [PMID: 37686253 PMCID: PMC10487861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the increasing scientific, clinical and consumer interest in highly prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorders, appropriate therapeutic strategies are needed to address the many aspects of digestive dysfunction. Accumulating evidence for the crucifer-derived bioactive molecule sulforaphane in upstream cellular defence mechanisms highlights its potential as a therapeutic candidate in targeting functional gastrointestinal conditions, as well as systemic disorders. This article catalogues the evolution of and rationale for a hypothesis that multifunctional sulforaphane can be utilised as the initial step in restoring the ecology of the gut ecosystem; it can do this primarily by targeting the functions of intestinal epithelial cells. A growing body of work has identified the colonocyte as the driver of dysbiosis, such that targeting gut epithelial function could provide an alternative to targeting the microbes themselves for the remediation of microbial dysbiosis. The hypothesis discussed herein has evolved over several years and is supported by case studies showing the application of sulforaphane in gastrointestinal disorders, related food intolerance, and several systemic conditions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time the effects of sulforaphane have been reported in a clinical environment, with several of its key properties within the gut ecosystem appearing to be related to its nutrigenomic effects on gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine A. Houghton
- Institute for Nutrigenomic Medicine, Cleveland, QLD 4163, Australia; ; Tel.: +617-3488-0385
- Cell-Logic, 132-140 Ross Court, Cleveland, QLD 4163, Australia
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19
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Al-Beltagi M, Saeed NK, Elbeltagi R, Bediwy AS, Aftab SAS, Alhawamdeh R. Viruses and autism: A Bi-mutual cause and effect. World J Virol 2023; 12:172-192. [PMID: 37396705 PMCID: PMC10311578 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v12.i3.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of heterogeneous, multi-factorial, neurodevelopmental disorders resulting from genetic and environmental factors interplay. Infection is a significant trigger of autism, especially during the critical developmental period. There is a strong interplay between the viral infection as a trigger and a result of ASD. We aim to highlight the mutual relationship between autism and viruses. We performed a thorough literature review and included 158 research in this review. Most of the literature agreed on the possible effects of the viral infection during the critical period of development on the risk of developing autism, especially for specific viral infections such as Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes Simplex virus, Varicella Zoster Virus, Influenza virus, Zika virus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Viral infection directly infects the brain, triggers immune activation, induces epigenetic changes, and raises the risks of having a child with autism. At the same time, there is some evidence of increased risk of infection, including viral infections in children with autism, due to lots of factors. There is an increased risk of developing autism with a specific viral infection during the early developmental period and an increased risk of viral infections in children with autism. In addition, children with autism are at increased risk of infection, including viruses. Every effort should be made to prevent maternal and early-life infections and reduce the risk of autism. Immune modulation of children with autism should be considered to reduce the risk of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Beltagi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Alghrabia, Egypt
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center, King Abdulla Medical City, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Manama 26671, Bahrain
| | - Nermin Kamal Saeed
- Medical Microbiology Section, Pathology Department, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Ministry of Health, Kingdom of Bahrain, Manama 12, Bahrain
- Microbiology Section, Pathology Department, Irish Royal College of Surgeon, Busaiteen 15503, Muharraq, Bahrain
| | - Reem Elbeltagi
- Department of Medicine, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Bahrain, Busiateen 15503, Muharraq, Bahrain
| | - Adel Salah Bediwy
- Department of Pulmonolgy, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Alghrabia, Egypt
- Department of Chest Disease, University Medical Center, King Abdulla Medical City, Arabian Gulf University, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Manama 26671, Bahrain
| | - Syed A Saboor Aftab
- Endocrinology and DM, William Harvey Hospital (Paula Carr Centre), Ashford TN24 0LZ, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - Rawan Alhawamdeh
- Pediatrics Research and Development, Genomics Creativity and Play Center, Manama 0000, Bahrain
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20
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Cheong KL, Chen S, Teng B, Veeraperumal S, Zhong S, Tan K. Oligosaccharides as Potential Regulators of Gut Microbiota and Intestinal Health in Post-COVID-19 Management. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:860. [PMID: 37375807 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact worldwide, resulting in long-term health effects for many individuals. Recently, as more and more people recover from COVID-19, there is an increasing need to identify effective management strategies for post-COVID-19 syndrome, which may include diarrhea, fatigue, and chronic inflammation. Oligosaccharides derived from natural resources have been shown to have prebiotic effects, and emerging evidence suggests that they may also have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, which could be particularly relevant in mitigating the long-term effects of COVID-19. In this review, we explore the potential of oligosaccharides as regulators of gut microbiota and intestinal health in post-COVID-19 management. We discuss the complex interactions between the gut microbiota, their functional metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, and the immune system, highlighting the potential of oligosaccharides to improve gut health and manage post-COVID-19 syndrome. Furthermore, we review evidence of gut microbiota with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression for alleviating post-COVID-19 syndrome. Therefore, oligosaccharides offer a safe, natural, and effective approach to potentially improving gut microbiota, intestinal health, and overall health outcomes in post-COVID-19 management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit-Leong Cheong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Shutong Chen
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Bo Teng
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Suresh Veeraperumal
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Saiyi Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Karsoon Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535000, China
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21
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Limpert R, Pan P, Wang LS, Chen X. From support to therapy: rethinking the role of nutrition in acute graft-versus-host disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1192084. [PMID: 37359550 PMCID: PMC10285162 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1192084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) offers a potential cure for patients with hematologic malignancies. Unfortunately, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remains a major obstacle to the greater success of this treatment. Despite intensive research efforts over the past several decades, GVHD is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients receiving allogeneic HSCT. The genetic disparity between donor and recipient is the primary factor that dictates the extent of alloimmune response and the severity of acute GVHD (aGVHD). However, some nongenetic factors are also actively involved in GVHD pathogenesis. Thus, identifying host factors that can be readily modified to reduce GVHD risk is of important clinical significance. We are particularly interested in the potential role of nutrition, as a nongenetic factor, in the etiology and management of aGVHD. In this article, we summarize recent findings regarding how different routes of nutritional support and various dietary factors affect aGVHD. Since diet is one of the most important factors that shape gut microbiota, we also provide evidence for a potential link between certain nutrients and gut microbiota in recipients of allogeneic HSCT. We propose a shifting role of nutrition from support to therapy in GVHD by targeting gut microbiota.
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22
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Stepanova N. Oxalate Homeostasis in Non-Stone-Forming Chronic Kidney Disease: A Review of Key Findings and Perspectives. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1654. [PMID: 37371749 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant global public health concern associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. The maintenance of oxalate homeostasis plays a critical role in preserving kidney health, particularly in the context of CKD. Although the relationship between oxalate and kidney stone formation has been extensively investigated, our understanding of oxalate homeostasis in non-stone-forming CKD remains limited. This review aims to present an updated analysis of the existing literature, focusing on the intricate mechanisms involved in oxalate homeostasis in patients with CKD. Furthermore, it explores the key factors that influence oxalate accumulation and discusses the potential role of oxalate in CKD progression and prognosis. The review also emphasizes the significance of the gut-kidney axis in CKD oxalate homeostasis and provides an overview of current therapeutic strategies, as well as potential future approaches. By consolidating important findings and perspectives, this review offers a comprehensive understanding of the present knowledge in this field and identifies promising avenues for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Stepanova
- State Institution «Institute of Nephrology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 04050 Kyiv, Ukraine
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23
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Luiten D, Biezeveld M, van Doorn O, Riady H, Yang M, Bergsma F, van der Plas A, Brand K, Arends N, de Bruin A, de Vries J, de Meij T, Vlieg-Boerstra B. Peanut thresholds in peanut-allergic children are related to dietary composition. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e841. [PMID: 37249298 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is no clear explanation for the large variation in threshold levels among peanut-allergic children. We hypothesized that diet composition can partly explain this variation in thresholds, as nutrients and foods influence the intestinal barrier function and microbiota. AIM to explore the relationship between the threshold levels for peanut and nutritional intake and gut microbial composition in peanut-allergic children. METHODS In this explorative cross-sectional study the cumulative threshold levels for peanut were determined by oral food challenge tests. Data on nutrients and foods consumed were obtained from 3-day food diaries. Microbial composition of faeces and saliva were determined by molecular microbiota detection technique. Multivariable linear regression analysis and multiple logistic regression were used to explore the associations, adjusted for energy and senitization. RESULTS Sixty-five children were included, of whom 32 (49%) (median age 50 months, IQR 28.0-96.5) had a positive oral food challenge. Significant positive associations were found between the intake of total carbohydrates, vitamin A and cumulative threshold levels for peanut, while significant negative associations were found for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, linoleic acid and omega-6 fatty acids. No associations were found between threshold levels and microbial composition of faeces and saliva. However, a significant higher abundance of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes in saliva (p = 0.011 and 0.04, respectively) and of Proteobacteria in faeces (p = 0.003) were found in children with a positive peanut challenge compared to children with a negative peanut challenge. CONCLUSION As a novel concept, this study showed that dietary composition is related to threshold levels for peanut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Luiten
- Department of Paediatrics, OLVG Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Biezeveld
- Department of Paediatrics, OLVG Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olga van Doorn
- Department of Paediatrics, OLVG Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanae Riady
- Department of Paediatrics, OLVG Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Paediatrics, OLVG Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Femke Bergsma
- Department of Paediatrics, OLVG Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Atie van der Plas
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kim Brand
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolette Arends
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergology, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annette de Bruin
- Department of Paediatrics, Tergooi Hospital, Blaricum, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanne de Vries
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tim de Meij
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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24
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Athanassiou L, Kostoglou-Athanassiou I, Koutsilieris M, Shoenfeld Y. Vitamin D and Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases. Biomolecules 2023; 13:709. [PMID: 37189455 PMCID: PMC10135889 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a steroid hormone with potent immune-modulating properties. It has been shown to stimulate innate immunity and induce immune tolerance. Extensive research efforts have shown that vitamin D deficiency may be related to the development of autoimmune diseases. Vitamin D deficiency has been observed in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and has been shown to be inversely related to disease activity. Moreover, vitamin D deficiency may be implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease. Vitamin D deficiency has also been observed in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It has been found to be inversely related to disease activity and renal involvement. In addition, vitamin D receptor polymorphisms have been studied in SLE. Vitamin D levels have been studied in patients with Sjogren's syndrome, and vitamin D deficiency may be related to neuropathy and the development of lymphoma in the context of Sjogren's syndrome. Vitamin D deficiency has been observed in ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. Vitamin D deficiency has also been observed in systemic sclerosis. Vitamin D deficiency may be implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity, and it may be administered to prevent autoimmune disease and reduce pain in the context of autoimmune rheumatic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lambros Athanassiou
- Department of Rheumatology, Asclepeion Hospital, Voula, GR16673 Athens, Greece
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Athens, GR11527 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Michael Koutsilieris
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Athens, GR11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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25
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Szabó C, Kachungwa Lugata J, Ortega ADSV. Gut Health and Influencing Factors in Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13081350. [PMID: 37106913 PMCID: PMC10135089 DOI: 10.3390/ani13081350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is a complex, dynamic, and critical part of the body, which plays an important role in the digestion and absorption of ingested nutrients and excreting waste products of digestion. In addition, GIT also plays a vital role in preventing the entry of harmful substances and potential pathogens into the bloodstream. The gastrointestinal tract hosts a significant number of microbes, which throughout their metabolites, directly interact with the hosts. In modern intensive animal farming, many factors can disrupt GIT functions. As dietary nutrients and biologically active substances play important roles in maintaining homeostasis and eubiosis in the GIT, this review aims to summarize the current status of our knowledge on the most important areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Szabó
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi Street 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - James Kachungwa Lugata
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi Street 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi Street 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Arth David Sol Valmoria Ortega
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi Street 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi Street 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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26
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Cantorna MT, Arora J. Two lineages of immune cells that differentially express the vitamin D receptor. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 228:106253. [PMID: 36657728 PMCID: PMC10006341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Since 1983 it has been known that monocytes and activated T and B cells expressed the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and are therefore vitamin D targets. New data identified two lineages of immune cells that can be differentiated by the expression of the VDR. Monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and hematopoietic stem cells were mostly from VDR positive lineages. T cells, ILC1 and ILC3 were also largely VDR positive, which is consistent with the known effects of vitamin D as regulators of type-1 and type-3 immunity. Activation of the VDR negative T cells did not induce the expression of the VDR reporter, suggesting that perhaps only a subset of the T cells in the periphery express the VDR. When activated, the VDR negative T cells responded as if they were VDR knockout T cells in that they made more IFN-γ and proliferated faster than the VDR positive T cells. The ability of vitamin D to regulate immune function will depend on which cells express the VDR and a better understanding of the signals that regulate VDR expression in immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita T Cantorna
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States.
| | - Juhi Arora
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States
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27
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Ding D, Wang B, Zhang X, Zhang J, Zhang H, Liu X, Gao Z, Yu Z. The spread of antibiotic resistance to humans and potential protection strategies. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 254:114734. [PMID: 36950985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is currently one of the greatest threats to human health. Widespread use and residues of antibiotics in humans, animals, and the environment can exert selective pressure on antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance gene (ARG), accelerating the flow of antibiotic resistance. As ARG spreads to the population, the burden of antibiotic resistance in humans increases, which may have potential health effects on people. Therefore, it is critical to mitigate the spread of antibiotic resistance to humans and reduce the load of antibiotic resistance in humans. This review briefly described the information of global antibiotic consumption information and national action plans (NAPs) to combat antibiotic resistance and provided a set of feasible control strategies for the transmission of ARB and ARG to humans in three areas including (a) Reducing the colonization capacity of exogenous ARB, (b) Enhancing human colonization resistance and mitigating the horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of ARG, (c) Reversing ARB antibiotic resistance. With the hope of achieving interdisciplinary one-health prevention and control of bacterial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ding
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoan Zhang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junxi Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention & Henan Key Laboratory of Population Defects Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhan Gao
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Zengli Yu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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28
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Hamza FN, Daher S, Fakhoury HMA, Grant WB, Kvietys PR, Al-Kattan K. Immunomodulatory Properties of Vitamin D in the Intestinal and Respiratory Systems. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071696. [PMID: 37049536 PMCID: PMC10097244 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D plays a crucial role in modulating the innate immune response by interacting with its intracellular receptor, VDR. In this review, we address vitamin D/VDR signaling and how it contributes to the regulation of intestinal and respiratory microbiota. We additionally review some components of the innate immune system, such as the barrier function of the pulmonary and intestinal epithelial membranes and secretion of mucus, with their respective modulation by vitamin D. We also explore the mechanisms by which this vitamin D/VDR signaling mounts an antimicrobial response through the transduction of microbial signals and the production of antimicrobial peptides that constitute one of the body’s first lines of defense against pathogens. Additionally, we highlight the role of vitamin D in clinical diseases, namely inflammatory bowel disease and acute respiratory distress syndrome, where excessive inflammatory responses and dysbiosis are hallmarks. Increasing evidence suggests that vitamin D supplementation may have potentially beneficial effects on those diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatheia N. Hamza
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Daher
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hana M. A. Fakhoury
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - William B. Grant
- Sunlight, Nutrition, and Health Research Center, P.O. Box 641603, San Francisco, CA 94164-1603, USA
| | - Peter R. Kvietys
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Al-Kattan
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
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29
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Li M, Zhu M, Quan W, Huang W, Liu X, Zhang C, Lu B, Xiao X, Liu Z. Acteoside palliates d-galactose induced cognitive impairment by regulating intestinal homeostasis. Food Chem 2023; 421:135978. [PMID: 37094395 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Acteoside, an important phenylethanol glycoside, is the main active component in Osmanthus fragrans flower. Our previous study found that acteoside showed high antiaging effect but its absorption rate was low. We speculated acteoside palliated aging-related cognitive impairment before being absorbed, that was intestinal homeostasis underlie the antiaging effect of acteoside. In this study, acteoside was confirmed to palliate cognitive impairment in d-galactose induced aging mice. Acteoside treatment dramatically reduced oxidative stress, alleviated intestinal inflammation, restored intestinal mucosal barrier, rebuilt gut microbiome structure and upregulated gut microbiome metabolites short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and amino acids (AAs). Furthermore, antibiotic treatment revealed that the antiaging ability of acteoside was abolished in microbiota depleted mice, which offered direct evidence for the essential role of gut microbiota in the attenuation of cognitive impairment of acteoside. Together, our study indicated that acteoside palliated cognitive impairment by regulating intestinal homeostasisand acteoside intake might be a promising nutritional intervention in prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiquan Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Wei Quan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Weisu Huang
- Department of Applied Technology, Zhejiang Economic and Trade Polytechnic, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xia Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Can Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Baiyi Lu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xing Xiao
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Carotenoids in Mood Disorders: An Overview. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030676. [PMID: 36978923 PMCID: PMC10045512 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression has a multifactorial etiology comprising family history and unemployment. This review aims to summarize the evidence available for the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of carotenoids in mood disorders. This review article’s methodologies were based on a search of the PubMed database for all linked published papers. Epidemiological studies indicate that a diet rich in vegetables, fruits, nuts, fish, and olive oil may prevent the development of depression. Antioxidant supplementation has been found to combat various stress-induced psychiatric disorders, including depression and anxiety. A growing body of evidence indicates that carotenoids have both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Studies also suggest that poor dietary intake, particularly low intakes of fruit and vegetables and high intakes of fast food and other convenience foods, may increase the risk of developing depression. Thus, dietary interventions have the potential to help mitigate the risk of mental health decline in both the general population and those with mood disorders. Considering that carotenoids have both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, it is expected that they might exert a promising antidepressant effect. Nevertheless, further studies (including interventional and mechanistic studies) assessing the effect of carotenoids on preventing and alleviating depression symptoms are needed.
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Aggeletopoulou I, Marangos M, Assimakopoulos SF, Mouzaki A, Thomopoulos K, Triantos C. Vitamin D and Microbiome: Molecular Interaction in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Pathogenesis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023:S0002-9440(23)00055-X. [PMID: 36868465 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Studies of systemic autoimmune diseases point to characteristic microbial patterns in various diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Autoimmune diseases, and IBD in particular, show a predisposition to vitamin D deficiency, leading to alterations in the microbiome and disruption of intestinal epithelial barrier integrity. In this review, we examine the role of the gut microbiome in IBD and discuss how vitamin D-vitamin D receptor (VDR)-associated molecular signaling pathways contribute to the development and progression of IBD through their effects on gut barrier function, the microbial community, and immune system function. The present data demonstrate that vitamin D promotes the proper function of the innate immune system by acting as an immunomodulator, exerting anti-inflammatory effects, and critically contributing to the maintenance of gut barrier integrity and modulation of the gut microbiota, mechanisms that may influence the IBD development and progression. VDR regulates the biological effects of vitamin D and is related to environmental, genetic, immunologic, and microbial aspects of IBD. Vitamin D influences the distribution of the fecal microbiota, with high vitamin D levels associated with increased levels of beneficial bacterial species and lower levels of pathogenic bacteria. Understanding the cellular functions of vitamin D-VDR signaling in intestinal epithelial cells may pave the way for the development of new treatment strategies for the therapeutic armamentarium of IBD in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Aggeletopoulou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece; Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory of Immunohematology, Medical School, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece.
| | - Markos Marangos
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Stelios F Assimakopoulos
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Athanasia Mouzaki
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory of Immunohematology, Medical School, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Thomopoulos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Christos Triantos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
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Madsen PA, Etheve S, Heegaard PMH, Skovgaard K, Mary AL, Litta G, Lauridsen C. Influence of vitamin D metabolites on vitamin D status, immunity and gut health of piglets. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2023; 257:110557. [PMID: 36709572 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Immediately post-weaning, piglets are prone to gastrointestinal infectious diseases. The active metabolite of vitamin D 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D has direct impact on immune cell function and responses. Thus, a low vitamin D status may compromise the immune responses during infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of supplementation of different forms of vitamin D (25-OH-D3 and vitamin D3) to suckling piglets' vitamin D status at weaning. In addition, to determine whether the vitamin D status could affect the immune development in piglets and their robustness against E. coli challenge. Genetically E. coli F4 susceptible litters of piglets were divided into two treatment groups: group 1 (n = 16) provided milk formula supplemented with vitamin D3 (CON), and group 2 (n = 16) provided milk formula supplemented with 25-OH-D3 (TREAT). Piglets were offered the experimental milk formulas from day 3 after farrowing until weaning (at day 28 of age). A commercial weaner diet with high protein content were provided to induce weaning stress. Milk formulas, sow and weaner diets as well as plasma and milk samples obtained from sows (n = 8) were analysed for vitamin D metabolites. Vitamin D status in piglets was investigated by collection of plasma samples on day 3, 15, 28 and 35 of age. Eight piglets randomly selected from each dietary group (in total 16 pigs) were inoculated with E. coli F4 O149 on day 2 and 3 post-weaning. Blood samples collected on day 2 and 9 post-weaning (pre- and post E. coli inoculation, respectively) were analysed for haematological and immunological parameters including immunoglobulins, antibodies specific to E. coli O149 K88, cytokines and C-reactive protein. In addition, intestinal samples were obtained one week after E. coli inoculation to study the influence of infection and vitamin D status on immune responses at different sites of the intestine. This was accomplished by gene expression of various cytokines and tight junction proteins. In general, vitamin D status of the piglets were low. However, piglets provided TREAT during the suckling period had increased vitamin D status at weaning compared to piglets provided CON. Vitamin D was used during activation of the immune system as pigs inoculated with E. coli had lower plasma concentrations of 25-OH-D3 than non-inoculated pigs possibly due to mobilising of vitamin D in the liver. Hence, increased vitamin D status at weaning might improve piglets' resistance to E. coli infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille A Madsen
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University, AU Viborg - Research Centre Foulum, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Stephane Etheve
- DSM Nutritional Products, Wurmisweg 576, CH-4303 Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | - Peter M H Heegaard
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kerstin Skovgaard
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anne-Lise Mary
- DSM Nutritional Products, Wurmisweg 576, CH-4303 Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | - Gilberto Litta
- DSM Nutritional Products, Wurmisweg 576, CH-4303 Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | - Charlotte Lauridsen
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University, AU Viborg - Research Centre Foulum, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark.
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Oku Y, Noda S, Yamada A, Nakaoka K, Goseki-Sone M. Vitamin D restriction and/or a high-fat diet influence intestinal alkaline phosphatase activity and serum endotoxin concentration, increasing the risk of metabolic endotoxemia in rats. Nutr Res 2023; 112:20-29. [PMID: 36934524 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D insufficiency induces calcification disorder of bone or a decrease in bone mineral density, increasing the risk of fracture. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, a differentiation marker for intestinal epithelial cells, is regulated by vitamin D. It has also been suggested that ALP may prevent metabolic endotoxemia by dephosphorylating lipopolysaccharide. We hypothesized that vitamin D restriction and/or a high-fat diet influences ALP activity in each tissue and serum lipopolysaccharide concentrations and increases the risk of metabolic endotoxemia. Eleven-week-old female rats were divided into 4 groups: basic control diet (Cont.), basic control diet with vitamin D restriction (DR), high-fat diet (HF), and high-fat diet with vitamin D restriction (DRHF) groups. They were acclimated for 28 days. The results of 2-way analysis of variance showed that intestinal ALP activity, which may contribute to an improvement in phosphate/lipid metabolism and longevity, in the high-fat diet groups (HF and DRHF) was higher than in the low-fat diet groups (Cont. and DR). ALP activity in the vitamin D-restricted groups (DR and DRHF) was lower than in the vitamin D-sufficient groups (Cont. and HF). Furthermore, serum endotoxin concentrations were significantly higher in the high-fat diet groups (HF and DRHF) than in the low-fat diet groups (Cont. and DR). In the vitamin D-restricted groups (DR and DRHF), serum endotoxin concentrations were also significantly higher than in the vitamin D-sufficient groups (Cont. and HF). These results suggest that vitamin D restriction and/or a high-fat diet increases the risk of metabolic endotoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuno Oku
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiko Noda
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asako Yamada
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kanae Nakaoka
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life, Jumonji University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masae Goseki-Sone
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women's University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Vuori KA, Hemida M, Moore R, Salin S, Rosendahl S, Anturaniemi J, Hielm-Björkman A. The effect of puppyhood and adolescent diet on the incidence of chronic enteropathy in dogs later in life. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1830. [PMID: 36759678 PMCID: PMC9911636 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27866-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet has a key role in the homeostasis of the gut microenvironment, influencing the microbiome, the gut barrier, host immunity and gut physiology. Yet, there is little information on the role of early diet in the onset of inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders later in life, especially in dogs. Therefore, the aim of the present cross-sectional, epidemiological study with longitudinal data, was to explore associations of companion dogs' early life diet style and food items with owner-reported chronic enteropathy (CE) incidence in later life. Food frequency questionnaire data from Finnish companion dogs was analyzed using principal component analysis and logistic regression. We found that feeding a non-processed meat-based diet and giving the dog human meal leftovers and table scraps during puppyhood (2-6 months) and adolescence (6-18 months) were protective against CE later in life. Especially raw bones and cartilage as well as leftovers and table scraps during puppyhood and adolescence, and berries during puppyhood were associated with less CE. In contrast, feeding an ultra-processed carbohydrate-based diet, namely dry dog food or "kibble" during puppyhood and adolescence, and rawhides during puppyhood were significant risk factors for CE later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristiina A Vuori
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Manal Hemida
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Robin Moore
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Siru Salin
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sarah Rosendahl
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Anturaniemi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Hielm-Björkman
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Borel P, Dangles O, Kopec RE. Fat-soluble vitamin and phytochemical metabolites: Production, gastrointestinal absorption, and health effects. Prog Lipid Res 2023; 90:101220. [PMID: 36657621 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2023.101220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of diets rich in fruits and vegetables, which provide some fat-soluble vitamins and many phytochemicals, is associated with a lower risk of developing certain degenerative diseases. It is well accepted that not only the parent compounds, but also their derivatives formed upon enzymatic or nonenzymatic transformations, can produce protective biological effects. These derivatives can be formed during food storage, processing, or cooking. They can also be formed in the lumen of the upper digestive tract during digestion, or via metabolism by microbiota in the colon. This review compiles the known metabolites of fat-soluble vitamins and fat-soluble phytochemicals (FSV and FSP) that have been identified in food and in the human digestive tract, or could potentially be present based on the known reactivity of the parent compounds in normal or pathological conditions, or following surgical interventions of the digestive tract or consumption of xenobiotics known to impair lipid absorption. It also covers the very limited data available on the bioavailability (absorption, intestinal mucosa metabolism) and summarizes their effects on health. Notably, despite great interest in identifying bioactive derivatives of FSV and FSP, studying their absorption, and probing their putative health effects, much research remains to be conducted to understand and capitalize on the potential of these molecules to preserve health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Borel
- C2VN, INRAE, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France.
| | | | - Rachel E Kopec
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, Foods for Health Discovery Theme, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Leaky Gut and the Ingredients That Help Treat It: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020619. [PMID: 36677677 PMCID: PMC9862683 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The human body is in daily contact with potentially toxic and infectious substances in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The GIT has the most significant load of antigens. The GIT can protect the intestinal integrity by allowing the passage of beneficial agents and blocking the path of harmful substances. Under normal conditions, a healthy intestinal barrier prevents toxic elements from entering the blood stream. However, factors such as stress, an unhealthy diet, excessive alcohol, antibiotics, and drug consumption can compromise the composition of the intestinal microbiota and the homeostasis of the intestinal barrier function of the intestine, leading to increased intestinal permeability. Intestinal hyperpermeability can allow the entry of harmful agents through the junctions of the intestinal epithelium, which pass into the bloodstream and affect various organs and systems. Thus, leaky gut syndrome and intestinal barrier dysfunction are associated with intestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome, as well as extra-intestinal diseases, including heart diseases, obesity, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and celiac disease. Given the relationship between intestinal permeability and numerous conditions, it is convenient to seek an excellent strategy to avoid or reduce the increase in intestinal permeability. The impact of dietary nutrients on barrier function can be crucial for designing new strategies for patients with the pathogenesis of leaky gut-related diseases associated with epithelial barrier dysfunctions. In this review article, the role of functional ingredients is suggested as mediators of leaky gut-related disorders.
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Lessard M, Talbot G, Bergeron N, Lo Verso L, Morissette B, Yergeau É, Matte JJ, Bissonnette N, Blais M, Gong J, Wang Q, Quessy S, Guay F. Weaning diet supplemented with health-promoting feed additives influences microbiota and immune response in piglets challenged with Salmonella. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2023; 255:110533. [PMID: 36563567 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2022.110533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of micronutrients and feed additives to modulate intestinal microbiota and systemic and mucosal immune responses in weaned pigs infected with Salmonella. At weaning, 32 litters of 12 piglets each were allocated to four dietary treatments: 1) control diet (CTRL), 2) CTRL supplemented with chlortetracycline (ATB), 3) CTRL supplemented with a cocktail of feed additives (CKTL); and 4) CKTL diet containing bovine colostrum in replacement of spray-dry animal plasma (CKTL+COL). The CKTL supplement included cranberry extract, encapsulated carvacrol and yeast-derived products and an enriched selenium and vitamin premix. Three weeks after weaning, four pigs per litter were orally inoculated with Salmonella Typhimurium DT104. Half of them were euthanized 3 days post-infection (dpi) and the other half, 7 dpi. The expression of IL6, TNF, IL8, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1), IFNG, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPX2) and β-defensin 2 (DEFB2) showed a peaked response at 3 dpi (P < 0.05). Results also revealed that DEFB2 expression was higher at 3 dpi in CTRL and CKTL groups than in ATB (P = 0.01 and 0.06, respectively) while GPX2 gene was markedly increased at 3 and 7 dpi in pigs fed CKTL or CKTL+COL diet compared to CTRL pigs (P < 0.05). In piglets fed CKTL or CKTL+COL diet, intestinal changes in microbial communities were less pronounced after exposure to Salmonella compared to CTRL and progressed faster toward the status before Salmonella challenge (AMOVA P < 0.01). Furthermore, the relative abundance of several families was either up- or down-regulated in pigs fed CKTL or CKTL+COL diet after Salmonella challenge. In conclusion, weaning diet enriched with bovine colostrum, vitamins and mixture of feed additives mitigated the influence of Salmonella infection on intestinal microbial populations and modulate systemic and intestinal immune defences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lessard
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada; Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (FMV), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 7C6, Canada; Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada; Faculté des sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation, Département de sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Guylaine Talbot
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada; Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (FMV), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 7C6, Canada; Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada.
| | - Nadia Bergeron
- Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (FMV), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 7C6, Canada
| | - Luca Lo Verso
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada; Faculté des sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation, Département de sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Bruno Morissette
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Étienne Yergeau
- Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (FMV), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 7C6, Canada; Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université du Québec, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Jacques J Matte
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada
| | - Nathalie Bissonnette
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada
| | - Mylène Blais
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada; Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (FMV), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 7C6, Canada
| | - Joshua Gong
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada
| | - Qi Wang
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada
| | - Sylvain Quessy
- Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (FMV), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 7C6, Canada
| | - Frédéric Guay
- Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (FMV), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 7C6, Canada; Faculté des sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation, Département de sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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孔 维, 芦 鑫, 侯 琳, 孙 秀, 孙 桂, 陈 力. [Vitamins and Immune System Health]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2023; 54:7-13. [PMID: 36647636 PMCID: PMC10409034 DOI: 10.12182/20230160107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Keeping the immune system healthy forms an effective way to fight infections. Past experience has shown that, in addition to effective interventions including vaccination, drug therapy, and non-pharmaceutical intervention (NPI), dietary nutrition and mental health are also key factors in maintaining immune system health and combating emerging and sudden outbreaks of infections. As the main dietary nutrients, vitamins are active regulators of the immune response and exert a critical impact on the immunity of the human body. Vitamin deficiency causes increased levels of inflammation and decreased immunity, which usually starts in the oral tissues. Appropriate vitamin supplementation can help the body optimize immune function, enhance oral immunity, and reduce the negative impact of pathogen infection on the human body, which makes it a feasible, effective, and universally applicable anti-infection solution. This review focuses on the immunomodulatory effects of vitamin A, B, C, D, and E and proposes that an omics-based new systemic approach will lead to a breakthrough of the limitations in traditional single-factor single-pathway research and provide the direction for the basic and applied research of vitamin immune regulation and anti-infection in all aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- 维溧 孔
- 复旦大学基础医学院 病原生物学系 医学分子病毒学教育部/卫健委/医科院重点实验室 (上海 200032)Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - 鑫荣 芦
- 复旦大学基础医学院 病原生物学系 医学分子病毒学教育部/卫健委/医科院重点实验室 (上海 200032)Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - 琳琳 侯
- 复旦大学基础医学院 病原生物学系 医学分子病毒学教育部/卫健委/医科院重点实验室 (上海 200032)Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - 秀发 孙
- 复旦大学基础医学院 病原生物学系 医学分子病毒学教育部/卫健委/医科院重点实验室 (上海 200032)Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - 桂芹 孙
- 复旦大学基础医学院 病原生物学系 医学分子病毒学教育部/卫健委/医科院重点实验室 (上海 200032)Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - 力 陈
- 复旦大学基础医学院 病原生物学系 医学分子病毒学教育部/卫健委/医科院重点实验室 (上海 200032)Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Shen Y, Wu SD, Chen Y, Li XY, Zhu Q, Nakayama K, Zhang WQ, Weng CZ, Zhang J, Wang HK, Wu J, Jiang W. Alterations in gut microbiome and metabolomics in chronic hepatitis B infection-associated liver disease and their impact on peripheral immune response. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2155018. [PMID: 36519342 PMCID: PMC9757487 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2155018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut dysbiosis has been reported in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection, however its role in CHB progression and antiviral treatment remains to be clarified. Herein, the present study aimed to characterize gut microbiota (GM) in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection-associated liver diseases (HBV-CLD) by combining microbiome with metabolome analyses and to evaluate their effects on peripheral immunity. Fecal samples from HBV-CLD patients (n = 64) and healthy controls (n = 17) were collected for 16s rRNA sequencing. Fecal metabolomics was measured with untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in subgroups of 58 subjects. Lineage changes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were determined upon exposure to bacterial extracts (BE) from HBV-CLD patients. Integrated analyses of microbiome with metabolome revealed a remarkable shift of gut microbiota and metabolites in HBV-CLD patients, and disease progression and antiviral treatment were found to be two main contributing factors for the shift. Concordant decreases in Turicibacter with 4-hydroxyretinoic acid were detected to be inversely correlated with serum AST levels through host-microbiota-metabolite interaction analysis in cirrhotic patients. Moreover, depletion of E.hallii group with elevated choline was restored in patients with 5-year antiviral treatment. PBMC exposure to BE from non-cirrhotic patients enhanced expansion of T helper 17 cells; however, BE from cirrhotics attenuated T helper 1 cell count. CHB progression and antiviral treatment are two main factors contributing to the compositional shift in microbiome and metabolome of HBV-CLD patients. Peripheral immunity might be an intermediate link in gut microbe-host interplay underlying CHB pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Di Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China,Department of Gastroenterology& Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen Branch of Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Yue Li
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Kiyoko Nakayama
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Wan-Qin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Zhao Weng
- Department of Gastroenterology& Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen Branch of Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology& Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen Branch of Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hai-Kun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China,Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China,Jian Wu Department of Medical Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Fudan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 138 Yixue Yuan Road, P. O. Box 228, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China,Department of Gastroenterology& Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen Branch of Fudan University, Xiamen, China,CONTACT Wei Jiang Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen Branch of Fudan University,180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China
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Shi Y, Lei Q, Liu H, Han Q. The role of vitamin A and zinc supplementation in pediatric pneumonia: A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32183. [PMID: 36595780 PMCID: PMC9794312 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is still controversy regarding the role of zinc and vitamin A supplementation in pediatric pneumonia. Therefore, we designed a systematic review and network meta-analysis to incorporate the available evidence to determine the role of vitamin A and zinc in pediatric pneumonia. METHODS From the inception to December 31, 2022, the Web of Science, EMBASE, Medicine, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrane Library electronic databases were searched using the key phrases "pneumonia," "pediatric," "zinc," "vitamin A," and "cohort" for all relevant studies. Cohort studies assessing the efficacy and safety of zinc and/or vitamin A supplementation in children with pneumonia will be included for quantitative or qualitative analysis. Non-cohort studies and studies that do not meet the inclusion criteria will be excluded. Outcome measures include reduction in duration of pneumonia, adverse drug events, length of hospital stay, amount of antibiotics used, and radiological parameters. The primary outcome is the degree of reduction in the duration of pneumonia. RESULTS This Bayesian network meta-analysis will be conducted in accordance with the PRISMA extension statement, which is used to report systematic reviews that incorporated a meta-analysis of medical intervention networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shi
- Respiratory department, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qihong Lei
- Respiratory department, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Respiratory department, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Han
- Respiratory department, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- * Correspondence: Qing Han, Respiratory department, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China (e-mail: )
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Vitamin A Ameliorated Irinotecan-Induced Diarrhea in a Piglet Model Involving Enteric Glia Modulation and Immune Cells Infiltration. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235120. [PMID: 36501151 PMCID: PMC9739613 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A (VA) and its metabolite, retinoic acid (RA), play important roles in modulating intestinal mucosal immunity, yet little is known about their regulatory effects on enteric nervous system function. The study aims to explore the protective effects of dietary VA on diarrhea in a piglet model involving enteric glia and immune cell modulation. Twenty-eight weaned piglets were fed either the basal or VA (basal diet supplemented with 18,000 IU/kg VA) diet and with or without irinotecan (CPT-11) injection. CPT-11 induced increased diarrhea incidence, immune infiltration, and reactive enteric gliosis. A diet supplemented with 18,000 IU/kg VA ameliorated the adverse effects of CPT-11 on the gut barrier. VA reduced diarrhea incidence and attenuated enteric glial gliosis, immune cell infiltrations, and inflammatory responses of CPT-induced piglets. An in vitro experiment with 1 nmol/L RA showed direct protective effects on monocultures of enteric glial cells (EGCs) or macrophages in LPS-simulated inflammatory conditions. Furthermore, 1 ng/mL glial-derived neurotropic factors (GDNF) could inhibit M1-macrophage polarization and pro-inflammatory cytokines production. In summary, VA exerted protective effects on the intestinal barrier by modulating enteric glia and immune cells, perhaps enhancing epithelial recovery under CPT-11 challenge. Our study demonstrated that RA signaling might promote the roles of enteric glia in intestinal immunity and tissue repair, which provided a reference for the VA supplementation of patient diets.
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Long J, Wang J, Li Y, Chen S. Gut microbiota in ischemic stroke: Where we stand and challenges ahead. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1008514. [DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1008514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota is increasingly recognized to affect host health and disease, including ischemic stroke (IS). Here, we systematically review the current understanding linking gut microbiota as well as the associated metabolites to the pathogenesis of IS (e.g., oxidative stress, apoptosis, and neuroinflammation). Of relevance, we highlight that the implications of gut microbiota-dependent intervention could be harnessed in orchestrating IS.
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Bland JS. Therapeutic Use of Omega-3 Fatty Acids for Immune Disorders In Search of the Ideal Omega-3 Supplement. Integr Med (Encinitas) 2022; 21:14-18. [PMID: 36643210 PMCID: PMC9831136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
There has been continuing growth in the understanding of the role that omega-3 fatty acid supplements play in the support of immune function. The progress in both the basic science and clinical research surrounding the impact of various formulations of omega-3 fatty acid supplements on immune function has resulted in the recognition that the impact of these supplements is beyond that of the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docasahexaenoic acid (DHA) alone, and includes other fatty acids containing omega-3 derivatives termed pro-resolving mediators, along with vitamins A and D found naturally in some marine oils. The research on omega-3 oil supplements has also highlighted the importance that the supplement formulation be derived from a certified sustainable source, free of heavy metals and organic pollutants, minimally processed, and composed of the natural triglyceride form of the fatty acids for improved safety and effectiveness in providing immune support.
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Guerrero Aznar MD, Villanueva Guerrero MD, Cordero Ramos J, Eichau Madueño S, Morales Bravo M, López Ruiz R, Beltrán García M. Efficacy of diet on fatigue, quality of life and disability status in multiple sclerosis patients: rapid review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMC Neurol 2022; 22:388. [PMID: 36266639 PMCID: PMC9583472 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-022-02913-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease. People with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) experience chronic fatigue which is difficult to deal with therapeutically and greatly affects health-related quality of life (QOL). PwMS are aware of the lack of generalized dietary advice related to their disease, leading to self-experimentation with diet. It is necessary to provide objective information about dietary interventions for pwMS. We aim to provide an objective synthesis of the evidence for efficacy and safety of specific diets in pwMS through a rapid review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), examining symptomatic fatigue (MFIS), QOL, Expanded-Disability-Status-Scale (EDSS), and severe adverse events. Methods We have carried out a rapid review (MEDLINE and EMBASE) up to December 2021, with PRISMA methodology, and meta-analyses, of (RCTs). All statistical analyses were performed using the comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) -RStudio 4.1.3. The analysis used weighted mean differences (WMD) and a 95% confidence interval (CI) using a random-effects model to compare the effects of the dietary intervention with the control. Results Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Of these eight studies, five analyzed EDSS, three MFIS, and three QOL. A total of 515 patients were analyzed. These meta-analyses cumulative evidence support that dietary intervention is associated with a trend of reduction in fatigue (308 patients studied) -the difference between means (SMD) of the control group and intervention group was -2,033, 95%-IC (-3,195, -0,152), a p-value of 0.0341)-, an increase in QOL (77 patients studied), no significant effect on EDSS (337 patients studied), and no severe adverse events. Conclusions It is difficult to reach a high level of evidence in dietary studies. Our findings show that dietary intervention is associated with a trend of reduction in fatigue in MS. Taking into account the potential of dietary interventions and the benefit/risk ratio in their favor, neurologists must be aware of the great importance of making interventions on diet in MS if necessary. There are dietary interventions with some evidence of benefit for patients with MS, which could be chosen based on adherence, patient preferences, and individual outcomes. Large prospective clinical trials are needed to shed further light on this topic. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12883-022-02913-w.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jaime Cordero Ramos
- Pharmacy Clinical Management Unit, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Sara Eichau Madueño
- Neurology Clinical Management Unit, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - María Morales Bravo
- Neurology Clinical Management Unit, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Rocío López Ruiz
- Neurology Clinical Management Unit, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Seville, Spain
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Cao H, Diao J, Liu H, Liu S, Liu J, Yuan J, Lin J. The Pathogenicity and Synergistic Action of Th1 and Th17 Cells in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2022; 29:818-829. [PMID: 36166586 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izac199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are characterized by chronic idiopathic inflammation of gastrointestinal tract. Although the pathogenesis of IBD remains unknown, intestinal immune dysfunction has been considered as the core pathogenesis. In the intestinal immune system, T helper 1 (Th1) and Th17 cells are indispensable for intestine homeostasis via preventing pathogenic bacteria invasion, regulating metabolism and functions of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), and promoting IEC self-renewal. However, during the development of IBD, Th1 and Th17 cells acquire the pathogenicity and change from the maintainer of intestinal homeostasis to the destroyer of intestinal mucosa. Because of coexpressing interferon-γ and interleukin-17A, Th17 cells with pathogenicity are named as pathogenic Th17 cells. In disease states, Th1 cells impair IEC programs by inducing IEC apoptosis, recruiting immune cells, promoting adhesion molecules expression of IECs, and differentiating to epithelial cell adhesion molecule-specific interferon γ-positive Th1 cells. Pathogenic Th17 cells induce IEC injury by triggering IBD susceptibility genes expression of IECs and specifically killing IECs. In addition, Th1 and pathogenic Th17 cells could cooperate to induce colitis. The evidences from IBD patients and animal models demonstrate that synergistic action of Th1 and pathogenic Th17 cells occurs in the diseases development and aggravates the mucosal inflammation. In this review, we focused on Th1 and Th17 cell programs in homeostasis and intestine inflammation and specifically discussed the impact of Th1 and Th17 cell pathogenicity and their synergistic action on the onset and the development of IBD. We hoped to provide some clues for treating IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Diao
- Department of Pediatrics, Yueyang Hospital of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huosheng Liu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shanghai Jiading Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Suxian Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianye Yuan
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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A Review of Emerging Goose Astrovirus Causing Gout. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1635373. [PMID: 36072471 PMCID: PMC9441354 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1635373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, an infection in geese caused by goose astrovirus (GAstV) has repeatedly occurred in coastal areas of China and rapidly spread to inland provinces. The infection is characterized by joint and visceral gout and is fatal. The disease has caused huge economic losses to China's goose industry. GAstV is a nonenveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus. As it is a novel virus, there is no specific classification. Here, we review the current understanding of GAstV. The virus structure, isolation, diagnosis and detection, innate immune regulation, and transmission route are discussed. In addition, since GAstV can cause gout in goslings, the possible role of GAstV in gout formation and uric acid metabolism is discussed. We hope that this review will inform researchers to rapidly develop effective methods to prevent and treat this disease.
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Vins N, Sugathan S, Al Menhali A, Karam SM. Overgrowth of Squamocolumnar Junction and Dysregulation of Stem Cell Lineages in the Stomach of Vitamin A-Deficient Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163334. [PMID: 36014840 PMCID: PMC9412427 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Junctional epithelia are common sites for pathological transformations. In mice, the stratified epithelium of the forestomach joins the simple glandular epithelium of the cardia at the limiting ridge. We previously demonstrated the expression of vitamin A receptors in the gastric stem/progenitor cells and their progeny and found that excess retinoic acid enhances cellular dynamics of gastric epithelium. This study examines how deficiency of vitamin A would alter gastric epithelial stem cell lineages. Three-week-old mice of both genders were weaned and fed with a vitamin A deficient (VAD) diet for 4 or 8 months. Sex- and weight-matched littermate mice received a standard (control) diet. To label S-phase cells, all mice received a single intraperitoneal injection of 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine before being euthanized. Stomach tissues were processed for microscopic examination and protein analysis to investigate stem cell lineages using different stains, lectins, or antibodies. The Student’s t-test was used to compare quantified data showing differences between control and VAD groups. Eight-month-vitamin-A deficiency caused enlarged forestomach and overgrowth of the squamocolumnar junction with metaplastic and dysplastic cardiac glands, formation of intramucosal cysts, loss of surface mucosal integrity, increased amount of luminal surface mucus, and upregulation of trefoil factor 1 and H+,K+-ATPase. These changes were associated with decreased cell proliferation and upregulation of p63. In conclusion, vitamin A is necessary for maintaining gastric epithelial integrity and its deficiency predisposes the mouse stomach to precancerous lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neethu Vins
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Subi Sugathan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Asma Al Menhali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Bin Sultan Centre for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sherif M. Karam
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Bin Sultan Centre for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +971-3-713-7493
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Association between fat-soluble vitamins and self-reported health status: a cross-sectional analysis of the MARK-AGE cohort. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:433-443. [PMID: 34794520 PMCID: PMC9340855 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521004633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Self-rated health (SRH) is associated with higher risk of death. Since low plasma levels of fat-soluble vitamins are related to mortality, we aimed to assess whether plasma concentrations of vitamins A, D and E were associated with SRH in the MARK-AGE study. We included 3158 participants (52 % female) aged between 35 and 75 years. Cross-sectional data were collected via questionnaires. An enzyme immunoassay quantified 25-hydroxyvitamin D and HPLC determined α-tocopherol and retinol plasma concentrations. The median 25-hydroxyvitamin D and retinol concentrations differed significantly (P < 0·001) between SRH categories and were lower in the combined fair/poor category v. the excellent, very good and good categories (25-hydroxvitamin D: 40·8 v. 51·9, 49·3, 46·7 nmol/l, respectively; retinol: 1·67 v. 1·75, 1·74, 1·70 µmol/l, respectively). Both vitamin D and retinol status were independently associated with fair/poor SRH in multiple regression analyses: adjusted OR (95 % CI) for the vitamin D insufficiency, deficiency and severe deficiency categories were 1·33 (1·06-1·68), 1·50 (1·17-1·93) and 1·83 (1·34-2·50), respectively; P = 0·015, P = 0·001 and P < 0·001, and for the second/third/fourth retinol quartiles: 1·44 (1·18-1·75), 1·57 (1·28-1·93) and 1·49 (1·20-1·84); all P < 0·001. No significant associations were reported for α-tocopherol quartiles. Lower vitamin A and D status emerged as independent markers for fair/poor SRH. Further insights into the long-term implications of these modifiable nutrients on health status are warranted.
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Chen M, Lin W, Li N, Wang Q, Zhu S, Zeng A, Song L. Therapeutic approaches to colorectal cancer via strategies based on modulation of gut microbiota. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:945533. [PMID: 35992678 PMCID: PMC9389535 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.945533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third in terms of global incidence and second in terms of death toll among malignant tumors. Gut microbiota are involved in the formation, development, and responses to different treatments of CRC. Under normal physiological conditions, intestinal microorganisms protect the intestinal mucosa, resist pathogen invasion, and regulate the proliferation of intestinal mucosal cells via a barrier effect and inhibition of DNA damage. The composition of gut microbiota and the influences of diet, drugs, and gender on the composition of the intestinal flora are important factors in the early detection of CRC and prediction of the results of CRC treatment. Regulation of gut microbiota is one of the most promising new strategies for CRC treatment, and it is essential to clarify the effect of gut microbiota on CRC and its possible mechanisms to facilitate the prevention and treatment of CRC. This review discusses the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of CRC, the potential of gut microbiota as biomarkers for CRC, and therapeutic approaches to CRC based on the regulation of gut microbiota. It might provide new ideas for the use of gut microbiota in the prevention and treatment of CRC in the near future and thus reduce the incidence of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maohua Chen
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Lin
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Nan Li
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaomi Zhu
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Anqi Zeng
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology and Clinical Application, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Anqi Zeng,
| | - Linjiang Song
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Linjiang Song,
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M A, J E, N F, Closa-Monasterolo R, Selma-Royo M, V L. Reply – Letter to the editor “Comment on Gut microbiota is associated with metabolic health in children with obesity”. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:2408-2409. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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