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McLaughlin AT, Davis DE, Lee Y, Woo HC, Coleman J, Bulbulia J, Osborne D, Sibley CG. Are there potential costs for humility in a pluralistic democracy?: A longitudinal investigation of immigrants in the New Zealand attitudes and values study. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1401182. [PMID: 39224698 PMCID: PMC11367635 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1401182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction In this longitudinal study, we examine the potential costs and benefits of humility for well-being and civic trust among immigrants in a pluralistic democracy. Methods With data from 14,864 immigrant participants from a nationwide random sample in New Zealand, we used multilevel modeling to examine the associations of general humility (i.e., honesty-humility modesty) with well-being (life satisfaction and meaning) and civic trust (trust in police) over time in contexts with varying levels of ethnic deprivation and perceived religious discrimination. We hypothesized that (a) humility would correlate positively with well-being and civic trust (Hypothesis 1), (b) these associations would be attenuated in the contexts where perceptions of ethnic deprivation and religious discrimination are high (Hypothesis 2), and (c) these interaction effects would become more pronounced when cultural identities are salient (Hypothesis 3). Results Multilevel modeling revealed partial support for these hypotheses. Although humility correlated positively with well-being and trust in police over time, the two-way and three-way interactions did not yield substantial support for Hypotheses 2 and 3, respectively. The context of religious discrimination did, however, marginally attenuate the positive association between humility and trust in police. Discussion Collectively, these results demonstrate that humility is associated with multiple benefits to well-being and civic trust and has few-if any-potential drawbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron T. McLaughlin
- Department of Counseling and Psychological Services, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Don E. Davis
- Department of Counseling and Psychological Services, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Yejin Lee
- Department of Counseling and Psychological Services, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Hee Chan Woo
- Department of Counseling and Psychological Services, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jamian Coleman
- Department of Counseling, Human Development, and Family Sciences, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Joseph Bulbulia
- School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Danny Osborne
- School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Chris G. Sibley
- School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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2
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Higgins KE, Vinson AE, Petrini L, Kotha R, Black SA. Embracing Failure: Nurturing Learning and Well-Being in Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine. Int Anesthesiol Clin 2024; 62:15-25. [PMID: 38785110 DOI: 10.1097/aia.0000000000000444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Failure, ubiquitous in life and medical practice, offers myriad opportunities for learning and growth alongside challenges to overall well-being. In this article, we explore the nature of failure, it's sources and impacts in perioperative medicine, and the specific challenges it brings to trainee well-being. With a deeper understanding of the societal, psychological and cognitive determinants and effects of failure, we propose solutions in order to harness the opportunities inherent in failures to create brave and supportive learning environments conducive to both education and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Elliott Higgins
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Amy E Vinson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Laura Petrini
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman, School of Medicine
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
| | - Rohini Kotha
- Department of Anesthesiology and Oncologic Sciences, Morsani College of Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida
| | - Stephanie A Black
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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3
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Ross LT, Wright JC. Humility, Personality, and Psychological Functioning. Psychol Rep 2023; 126:688-711. [PMID: 34965755 DOI: 10.1177/00332941211062819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As part of the shift to a more positive psychology, researchers have demonstrated a relatively new and intense fascination with humility. Following a discussion of this construct and its correlates, we investigate how humility relates to personality dimensions, anxiety and depression, love of life and happiness, and self-efficacy in two samples-college students and adult Mturk workers. In both studies, we used the Dual Dimension Humility Scale, a measure that does not conflate the construct with honesty. Among students (N = 399), aspects humility correlated with dimensions of personality (more conscientiousness and openness, and less agreeableness and neuroticism), less depression, more love of life and happiness, and stronger social self-efficacy. Although fewer associations were found, overall, among adults (N = 509), aspects of humility correlated with dimensions of personality, less anxiety, and some dimensions of psychological well-being. The most unique contributions of this study include linking humility with college students' love of life and self-efficacy, and with adults' well-being. We conclude with a discussion of ideas for future research and potential applications to boost humility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa T Ross
- Department of Psychology, 2343College of Charleston, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Jennifer C Wright
- Department of Psychology, 2343College of Charleston, Charleston, SC, USA
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4
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Singh S, Kshtriya S, Valk R. Health, Hope, and Harmony: A Systematic Review of the Determinants of Happiness across Cultures and Countries. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3306. [PMID: 36834001 PMCID: PMC9963575 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to review the literature on what constitutes happiness across cultures and countries to advance scholarly knowledge on the happiness construct. A systematic review was conducted to examine the determinants of happiness in samples across cultures and countries. Five different databases, including APA PsycNet, EBSCO-Academic, EBSCO-Business, Project MUSE, and Google Scholar, grey literature, and in-text references from relevant review articles were used. A total of 155 articles were included in the review, encompassing studies from over 100 countries and 44 cultures. Myriad determinants of happiness were found that were placed into three broad categories labeled Health, Hope, and Harmony. The predominant happiness determinants were mental, emotional, and physical well-being, a purposeful holistic work-life balance, nurturing social relationships, caring for self and others, and being in harmony with one's culture, traditions, community, religion, and environment. This study engendered an "Integrated Model of the Determinants of Happiness" to provide a universally applicable conceptualization of the happiness construct. By examining studies on determinants of happiness across the globe in the past 90 years, this review uncovered that happiness constitutes multiple determinants that fall under three major categories: 'Health', 'Hope', and 'Harmony'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunitha Singh
- Centre for Entrepreneurship and Innovation, American University in Dubai, Dubai 28282, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sowmya Kshtriya
- Department of Psychology, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA
| | - Reimara Valk
- School of Business and Management, American University in Dubai, Dubai 28282, United Arab Emirates
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5
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Salawati Ghasemi S, Bagheri-Saveh MI, Shali M, Zakariaee S, Sheikh Zakaryaee N. Explaining the Process of Spiritual Adjustment in Parents of a Child with Cancer: A Qualitative Study. J Caring Sci 2022; 11:232-238. [PMID: 36483692 PMCID: PMC9720500 DOI: 10.34172/jcs.2022.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Having a child with cancer impacts the family members and reduces their quality of life. Considering the fact that spirituality creates tranquility, hope for the future, and acceptance of the disease, this study aimed to explain the process of spiritual care in parents of a child with cancer. Methods: This study was carried out using a qualitative method and grounded theory approach. The setting of this research was oncology and radiotherapy wards, governmental oncology clinics and pediatric hospitals. Using purposive and theoretical sampling method, 22 participants (eight mothers, three fathers with childhood cancer experience and 11 individuals working in oncology departments of different Iranian pediatric hospitals) were selected and individual and semi-structured interviews were conducted. Results: The data analysis led to the creation of a core variable of "bridge towards spirituality" which included five main categories of "unstable situation", "spirituality," "crossing rocky path", "multi-dimensional support", and "rethink". Conclusion: Due to the significant impacts of a child's cancer on parents and the fact that people's spiritual needs increase in critical and stressful situations, paying attention to the spirituality process is essential for managing the conditions created by the child's disease and help parents through developing a comprehensive program of spiritual care in health care centers. Spiritual care is currently absent in the health care system of Iran, which necessitates attention to this issue in the parents of children with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Salawati Ghasemi
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Iraj Bagheri-Saveh
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Shali
- Critical Care Nursing, Nursing Management Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soma Zakariaee
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Neda Sheikh Zakaryaee
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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Qin C, Cheng X, Huang Y, Xu S, Liu K, Tian M, Liao X, Zhou X, Xiang B, Lei W, Chen J. Character strengths as protective factors against behavior problems in early adolescent. PSICOLOGIA-REFLEXAO E CRITICA 2022; 35:16. [PMID: 35641705 PMCID: PMC9156651 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-022-00217-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Character strengths could effectively prevent negative psychological outcomes in adults. However, there was little research conducted among early adolescents. The present study aimed to explore character strengths that were independently related to fewer behavior problems in early adolescents. In total, 521 early adolescents (mean age 10.92 ± 0.04, range 10-12 years) were recruited from primary schools in Sichuan, China. Character strengths were measured using the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths for Youth (VIA-Youth). Behavior problems were measured using the Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ). The results showed that behavior problems were negatively correlated with character strengths (r = -0.14 to -0.3, p < 0.05 Bonferroni corrected). Character strengths explained a significant proportion of additional variance (14-22%) in five types of behavior problems after controlling the effect of demographic factors (residence, left-behind experiences, maternal education level). Moreover, several specific character strengths showed an independent contribution (β = -0.34 to -0.14 for self-regulation, perseverance, zest, humility, and leadership; β = 0.21 to 0.34, for hope; all p < 0.05) to behavior problems. Our study revealed that character strengths were protective factors against behavior problems in early adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Qin
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuyan Huang
- College of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shuang Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Kezhi Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingyuan Tian
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyi Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Wei Lei
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China.
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China.
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Lubis SI, Sianipar A. How religious tolerance can emerge among religious people: An investigation on the roles of intellectual humility, cognitive flexibility, and trait aggressiveness. ASIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ajsp.12493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Agnes Sianipar
- Faculty of Psychology Universitas Indonesia Depok Indonesia
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8
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Najafi K, Khoshab H, Rahimi N, Jahanara A. Relationship between spiritual health with stress, anxiety and depression in patients with chronic diseases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AFRICA NURSING SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2022.100463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
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9
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Shorka D, Yemini N, Ben Shushan G, Tokar L, Benbenishty J, Woloski-Wruble A. Body image and scar assessment: A longitudinal cohort analysis of cardiothoracic, neurosurgery and urology patients. J Clin Nurs 2021; 31:2605-2611. [PMID: 34704299 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scar severity and scar viewing are known to affect body image. The literature is lacking on the relationship between body image and surgical scar assessment. The aims of this study were to compare patients from 3 different surgical departments in terms of body image and scar assessment at discharge, in comparison with nurses' scar assessment, and 3 months post-surgery. In addition, the research examined age and gender in relation to the main variables. METHODS A longitudinal, comparative, correlational study was conducted using an instrument which included a health history, a nurses scar assessment tool and a patient scar assessment tool at hospital discharge, as well as a body image tool used both at discharge and at 3 months' post-surgery. The 10-item body image scale was comprised of affective items, behavioural items and cognitive items. The STROCSS 2019 checklist is used. RESULTS 75 patients were studied who were mostly male (68.0%) with a mean age of 59 and married (77.3%). The sample distribution of departments included 30.7% cardiothoracic, 29.3% neurosurgery and 40% urology. Cardiothoracic patients displayed a significant negative body image pre-surgery compared to post-surgery. Neurosurgical patients' scar assessments were significantly higher than nurses' assessments with no differences found in the other departments. CONCLUSIONS The healthcare team needs to consider engaging patients in post-surgery discussions concerning scarring and body image. The results of this study revealed that expectations in both clinician and patient participants need to be assessed and evaluated for congruency in order to offer a greater patient-focused peri-operative experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorit Shorka
- Urology Department Co-investigator,, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center
| | - Noa Yemini
- Neurosurgery-Open Heart surgery department Co -investigator, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center
| | - Gila Ben Shushan
- Neurosurgery-Open Heart surgery department Co -investigator, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center
| | - Luba Tokar
- Urology Department Co -investigator, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center
| | - Julie Benbenishty
- Academic Consultant Nursing Administration, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center
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Robbins BD. The Joyful Life: An Existential-Humanistic Approach to Positive Psychology in the Time of a Pandemic. Front Psychol 2021; 12:648600. [PMID: 34366969 PMCID: PMC8339708 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.648600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the midst of a global pandemic, psychology has a duty to identify dispositional or character traits that can be cultivated in citizens in order to create resiliency in the face of profound losses, suffering and distress. Dispositional joy holds some promise as such a trait that could be especially important for well-being during the current pandemic and its consequences. The concept of the Joyful Life may operate as bridge between positive psychology and humanistic, existential, and spiritual views of the good life, by integrating hedonic, prudential, eudaimonic and chaironic visions of the good life. Previous phenomenological research on state joy suggests that momentary states of joy may have features that overlap with happiness but go beyond mere hedonic interests, and point to the experience of a life oriented toward virtue and a sense of the transcendent or the sacred. However, qualitative research on the Joyful Life, or dispositional joy, is sorely lacking. This study utilized a dialogical phenomenological analysis to conduct a group-based analysis of 17 volunteer students, who produced 51 autobiographical narrative descriptions of the joyful life. The dialogical analyses were assisted by integration of the Imagery in Movement Method, which incorporated expressive drawing and psychodrama as an aid to explicate implicit themes in the experiences of the participants. The analyses yielded ten invariant themes found across the autobiographical narrative descriptions: Being broken, being grounded, being centered, breaking open, being uplifted, being supertemporal, being open to the mystery, being grateful, opening up and out, and being together. The descriptions of a Joyful Life were consistent with a meaning orientation to happiness, due to their emphasis on the cultivation of virtue in the service of a higher calling, the realization of which was felt to be a gift or blessing. The discussion examines implications for future research, including the current relevance of a joyful disposition during a global pandemic. Due to the joyful disposition's tendency to transform suffering and tragedy into meaning, and its theme of an orientation to prosocial motivations, the Joyful Life may occupy a central place in the study of resiliency and personal growth in response to personal and collective trauma such as COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent Dean Robbins
- Department of Psychology, Point Park University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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11
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Zhang Y, Zhao C. WITHDRAWN: The role of sustainable urban employee basic medical insurance in health risk appraisal of urban residents. Work 2021:WOR205357. [PMID: 34308925 DOI: 10.3233/wor-205357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ahead of Print article withdrawn by publisher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansheng Zhang
- China Academy of Labor and Social Security, Beijing, China
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12
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Liu Z, Li X, Jin T, Xiao Q, Wuyun T. Effects of Ethnicity and Spiritual Intelligence in the Relationship Between Awe and Life Satisfaction Among Chinese Primary School Teachers. Front Psychol 2021; 12:673832. [PMID: 34322061 PMCID: PMC8311238 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.673832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions, this study explored the mediating effect of spiritual intelligence between awe and life satisfaction among Chinese primary school teachers and whether this effect was moderated by ethnicity. Participants comprised 569 teachers from 24 primary schools in southwestern China, where many of the ethnic minority groups of China reside. Awe and spiritual intelligence were found to positively predict life satisfaction among primary school teachers, while awe also indirectly influenced life satisfaction through the partial mediation of spiritual intelligence. Ethnicity was also found to moderate the relation between awe and life satisfaction, i.e., when compared with the Han teachers, there is a more significant and positive relation between awe and life satisfaction in ethnic minority teachers. These findings not only indicate the critical role of awe in promoting life satisfaction of primary school teachers but also especially show that awe embodied in the traditional cultural activities makes it easier to breed life satisfaction in ethnic minority teachers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhui Liu
- School of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, China
- School of Teacher Education, Honghe University, Mengzi, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, China
| | - Tonglin Jin
- School of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, China
| | - Qianguo Xiao
- Laboratory of Cognition and Mental Health, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Tena Wuyun
- School of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, China
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Jang SJ, Johnson BR, Hays J, Hallett M, Duwe G. Prisoners Helping Prisoners Change: A Study of Inmate Field Ministers Within Texas Prisons. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2020; 64:470-497. [PMID: 32126867 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x19872966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Research on incarcerated offenders trained to help prisoners change is rare because programs that equip inmates with practical capacities for helping others rehabilitate in prison hardly exist. An exception is the Field Ministry program in Texas, which enlists inmates who have graduated from a prison-based seminary to work as "Field Ministers" and serve other inmates in various capacities. We hypothesize that inmate exposure to Field Ministers is inversely related to antisocial factors and positively to prosocial ones. We applied manifest-variable structural equation modeling to analyze data from a survey of a random sample of male inmates at three maximum-security prisons where the Field Ministry program operated. We found that inmates exposed more frequently to the Field Ministry and for a longer time period tended to report lower levels of criminological risk factors and aggressiveness and higher levels of virtues and predictors of human agency as well as religiosity and spirituality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Grant Duwe
- Minnesota Department of Corrections, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
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Abstract
We review humility, a trait characterized by (a) an ability to accurately acknowledge one’s limitations and abilities and (b) an interpersonal stance that is other-oriented rather than self-focused. We explore two key contexts of humility, intellectual and cultural; explain why humility is important; and identify open questions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Don E. Davis
- Department of Counseling and Psychological Services, Georgia State University
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15
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Subjective well-being key elements of Successful Aging: A study with Lifelong Learners older adults from Costa Rica and Spain. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2019; 85:103897. [PMID: 31398680 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Subjective well-being is a major psychological construct in the research tradition. Along with literature, authors have distinguished between hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. The aim of this study is to determine the role of some psychosocial variables plays in the perceived well-being is conceived from a hedonic or a eudaimonic perspective. The sample consisted of 1016 people of 55 years and older in a Spanish sample and 277 people of 55 years old or older from a Costa Rican sample. Both samples were part of the Longitudinal Older Learners (LOL) study. A structural model with latent variables was estimated with Mplus. The results point out that, the traditional variables included on successful aging models are relevant for explaining older adults' well-being in both countries with some differences on the hedonic and eudaimonic approach of successful aging on the Latin cultural context studied.
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Huynh HP, Johnson CE, Wehe H. Humble Coaches and Their Influence on Players and Teams: The Mediating Role of Affect-Based (but Not Cognition-Based) Trust. Psychol Rep 2019; 123:1297-1315. [PMID: 30922176 DOI: 10.1177/0033294119839028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Humility is a desirable quality for leaders across different domains, but not much is known about humility in sports coaches. This study integrated positive and organizational psychology to define humility as it pertains to sports coaches and examined humble coaches' influence on player development and team climate. Additionally, trust was examined as a mediator between coaches' humility and the two outcomes. Participants (N = 184; Mage = 23.44, SDage = 8.69; 73.4% women) rated their coaches' humility and reflected on the coaches' influence and their team climate. Results indicated that affect-based, but not cognition-based, trust mediated the relationship between humility and coaches' influence on players and team climate. Theoretical and practical implications for sports coaches are discussed.
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17
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Li B, Wu Y, Jiang S, Zhai H. WeChat Addiction Suppresses the Impact of Stressful Life Events on Life Satisfaction. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2018; 21:194-198. [PMID: 29638153 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2017.0544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The current study examined the influences of stressful life events and WeChat addiction on life satisfaction, and investigated the mediating role of WeChat addiction on the relationship between the two research variables. A total of 463 undergraduates completed self-reported scales for stressful life events, WeChat addiction, and life satisfaction. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the questionnaire data. The results showed the suppressing effect of WeChat addiction on the negative impact of stressful life events on life satisfaction. Stressful life events affect life satisfaction both directly and indirectly. Stressful life events are positively associated with WeChat addiction, which exerts positive impact on life satisfaction. The contributions of the findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi Li
- 1 School of Information Science and Technology/School of Cyber Security, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies , Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wu
- 2 Institute of Teacher Development Evaluation, South China Normal University , Guangzhou, China .,3 Department of Applied Psychology, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies , Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengyi Jiang
- 1 School of Information Science and Technology/School of Cyber Security, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies , Guangzhou, China
| | - Huizhen Zhai
- 4 Department of Finance, Guangzhou Port Group Co. Ltd. Purchase Branch Company , Guangzhou, China
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Existential and Virtuous Effects of Religiosity on Mental Health and Aggressiveness among Offenders. RELIGIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/rel9060182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Fuochi G, Veneziani CA, Voci A. Differences in the Way to Conceive Happiness Relate to Different Reactions to Negative Events. JOURNAL OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. This paper aimed to assess whether differences in the way to conceive happiness, measured by the Orientations to Happiness measure, were associated with specific reactions to negative events. We hypothesized that among orientations to pleasure (portraying hedonism), to meaning (representing a eudaimonic approach to life), and to engagement (derived from the experience of flow), orientation to meaning would have displayed a stronger protective role against recent negative and potentially stressful events. After providing a validation of the Italian version of the Orientations to Happiness measure (Study 1), we performed regression analyses of the three orientations on positive and negative emotions linked to a self-relevant negative event (Study 2), and moderation analyses assessing the interactive effects of orientations to happiness and stressful events on well-being indicators (Study 3). Our findings supported the hypotheses. In Study 2, meaning was associated with positive emotions characterized by a lower activation (contentment and interest) compared to the positive emotions associated with pleasure (amusement, eagerness, and happiness). In Study 3, only meaning buffered the effect of recent potentially stressful events on satisfaction with life and positive affect. Results suggest that orientation to meaning might help individuals to better react to negative events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Fuochi
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara A. Veneziani
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Voci
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Italy
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Abstract
AbstractGervais & Fessler reintroduce the concept of a sentiment as a framework for conceptualizing contempt, a construct with both attitudinal and emotional components. We propose that humility might also fit this mold. We review recent findings regarding the antecedents, phenomenology, and functional consequences of humility, and discuss why conceptualizing it as a sentiment may advance our understanding of this construct.
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The impact of stress on fluctuations in relational humility as couples transition to parenthood. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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