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Ribeiro TS, Simões TC, Silva IFD, Koifman RJ, Borges MFDSO, Opitz SP. Effects of age, period, and cohort on mortality by prostate cancer among men in the state of Acre, in the Brazilian Western Amazon. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2024; 29:e14782022. [PMID: 39194117 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232024299.14782022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to analyze the effects of age, time period, and birth cohort on the temporal evolution of mortality rates due to prostate cancer in men from the state of Acre, Brazil, in the period of 1990 to 2019. This is an ecological study in which the temporal trend was evaluated by the joinpoint method, estimating the annual percentage variations of the mortality rates. The age-period-birth cohort effects were calculated by using the Poisson Regression method, using estimation functions. The mortality rates showed an increase of 2.20% (95%CI: 1.00-3.33) in the period studied, tended to increase with age. A relative risk (RR) of 0.67 (95%CI: 0.59-0.76) was observed between 2005 and 2009, 0.76 (95%CI: 0.67-0.87) from 2005 on, and 1.44 (95%CI: 1.25-1.68) from 2015 on. The cohorts from 1910 to 1924 presented a risk reduction (RR < 1), when compared to the reference cohort (1935). Regarding the time period, the creation of public policies and the establishment of guidelines are suggested as factors which may have contributed to more access to diagnosis, in consonance with the cohort effect. These findings can contribute to a better understanding of the epidemiological scenario of prostate cancer in regions that are more vulnerable in terms of socioeconomic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thainá Souza Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Acre. Campus da Universidade Federal do Acre. 69917-400 Rio Branco AC Brasil.
| | | | - Ilce Ferreira da Silva
- Departamento de Epidemiologia e Métodos Quantitativos em Saúde, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil
| | - Rosalina Jorge Koifman
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Meio Ambiente Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil
| | | | - Simone Perufo Opitz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Acre. Campus da Universidade Federal do Acre. 69917-400 Rio Branco AC Brasil.
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Bauer MA, Bazard P, Acosta AA, Bangalore N, Elessaway L, Thivierge M, Chellani M, Zhu X, Ding B, Walton JP, Frisina RD. L-Ergothioneine slows the progression of age-related hearing loss in CBA/CaJ mice. Hear Res 2024; 446:109004. [PMID: 38608332 PMCID: PMC11112832 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2024.109004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The naturally occurring amino acid, l-ergothioneine (EGT), has immense potential as a therapeutic, having shown promise in the treatment of other disease models, including neurological disorders. EGT is naturally uptaken into cells via its specific receptor, OCTN1, to be utilized by cells as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. In our current study, EGT was administered over a period of 6 months to 25-26-month-old CBA/CaJ mice as a possible treatment for age-related hearing loss (ARHL), since presbycusis has been linked to higher levels of cochlear oxidative stress, apoptosis, and chronic inflammation. Results from the current study indicate that EGT can prevent aging declines of some key features of ARHL. However, we found a distinct sex difference for the response to the treatments, for hearing - Auditory Brainstem Responses (ABRs) and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAEs). Males exhibited lower threshold declines in both low dose (LD) and high dose (HD) test groups throughout the testing period and did not display some of the characteristic aging declines in hearing seen in Control animals. In contrast, female mice did not show any therapeutic effects with either treatment dose. Further confirming this sex difference, EGT levels in whole blood sampling throughout the testing period showed greater uptake of EGT in males compared to females. Additionally, RT-PCR results from three tissue types of the inner ear confirmed EGT activity in the cochlea in both males and females. Males and females exhibited significant differences in biomarkers related to apoptosis (Cas-3), inflammation (TNF-a), oxidative stress (SOD2), and mitochondrial health (PGC1a).These changes were more prominent in males as compared to females, especially in stria vascularis tissue. Taken together, these findings suggest that EGT has the potential to be a naturally derived therapeutic for slowing down the progression of ARHL, and possibly other neurodegenerative diseases. EGT, while effective in the treatment of some features of presbycusis in aging males, could also be modified into a general prophylaxis for other age-related disorders where treatment protocols would include eating a larger proportion of EGT-rich foods or supplements. Lastly, the sex difference discovered here, needs further investigation to see if therapeutic conditions can be developed where aging females show better responsiveness to EGT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Bauer
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Parveen Bazard
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | - Alejandro A Acosta
- School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, 00925 Puerto Rico; Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Nidhi Bangalore
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Lina Elessaway
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Biomedical Sciences - Dept. of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Mark Thivierge
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Moksheta Chellani
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Xiaoxia Zhu
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Bo Ding
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Joseph P Walton
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Department Communication Sciences and Disorders, College of Behavioral & Community Sciences, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Robert D Frisina
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Department Communication Sciences and Disorders, College of Behavioral & Community Sciences, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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Kramer PA, Coen PM, Cawthon PM, Distefano G, Cummings SR, Goodpaster BH, Hepple RT, Kritchevsky SB, Shankland EG, Marcinek DJ, Toledo FGS, Duchowny KA, Ramos SV, Harrison S, Newman AB, Molina AJA. Skeletal Muscle Energetics Explain the Sex Disparity in Mobility Impairment in the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024; 79:glad283. [PMID: 38150179 PMCID: PMC10960628 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glad283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The age-related decline in muscle mitochondrial energetics contributes to the loss of mobility in older adults. Women experience a higher prevalence of mobility impairment compared to men, but it is unknown whether sex-specific differences in muscle energetics underlie this disparity. In the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA), muscle energetics were characterized using in vivo phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy and high-resolution respirometry of vastus lateralis biopsies in 773 participants (56.4% women, age 70-94 years). A Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score ≤8 was used to define lower-extremity mobility impairment. Muscle mitochondrial energetics were lower in women compared to men (eg, Maximal Complex I&II OXPHOS: Women = 55.06 ± 15.95; Men = 65.80 ± 19.74; p < .001) and in individuals with mobility impairment compared to those without (eg, Maximal Complex I&II OXPHOS in women: SPPB ≥ 9 = 56.59 ± 16.22; SPPB ≤ 8 = 47.37 ± 11.85; p < .001). Muscle energetics were negatively associated with age only in men (eg, Maximal ETS capacity: R = -0.15, p = .02; age/sex interaction, p = .04), resulting in muscle energetics measures that were significantly lower in women than men in the 70-79 age group but not the 80+ age group. Similarly, the odds of mobility impairment were greater in women than men only in the 70-79 age group (70-79 age group, odds ratio [OR]age-adjusted = 1.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03, 3.08, p = .038; 80+ age group, ORage-adjusted = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.52, 2.15, p = .89). Accounting for muscle energetics attenuated up to 75% of the greater odds of mobility impairment in women. Women had lower muscle mitochondrial energetics compared to men, which largely explain their greater odds of lower-extremity mobility impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip A Kramer
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Paul M Coen
- AdventHealth, Translational Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Peggy M Cawthon
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Steven R Cummings
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Bret H Goodpaster
- AdventHealth, Translational Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Russell T Hepple
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Eric G Shankland
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - David J Marcinek
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Frederico G S Toledo
- Department of Medicine-Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kate A Duchowny
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sofhia V Ramos
- AdventHealth, Translational Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Stephanie Harrison
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anthony J A Molina
- Department of Medicine-Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, and Palliative Care, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
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Zhang YN, Chen XL, Guo LY, Jiang PR, Lu H, Pan K, Guo L, Hu YT, Bao AM. Downregulation of peripheral luteinizing hormone rescues ovariectomy-associated cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 mice. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 135:60-69. [PMID: 38185053 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is more prevalent in women than men, supposing due to the decline of estrogens in menopause, accompanied by increased gonadotropins such as luteinizing hormone (LH). We and others found that the transcription factor early growth response-1 (EGR1) regulates cholinergic function including the expression of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and plays a significant role in cognitive decline of AD. Here we investigated in APP/PS1 mice by ovariectomy (OVX) and estradiol (E2) supplementation or inhibition of LH the effect on hippocampus-related cognition and related molecular changes. We found that OVX-associated cognitive impairment was accompanied by increased dorsal hippocampal EGR1 expression, which was rescued by downregulating peripheral LH rather than by supplementing E2. We also found in postmortem AD brains a higher expression of pituitary LH-mRNA and higher EGR1 expression in the posterior hippocampus. Both, in human and mice, there was a significant positive correlation between respectively posterior/dorsal hippocampal EGR1 and peripheral LH expression. We conclude that peripheral increased LH and increased posterior hippocampal EGR1 plays a significant role in AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Lu Chen
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, East Qingchun Road 3#, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
| | - Ling-Yu Guo
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Ran Jiang
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; National Brain Bank for Health and Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Lu
- National Brain Bank for Health and Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Pan
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Ting Hu
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ai-Min Bao
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, East Qingchun Road 3#, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China.
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Zhang YY, Xie N, Sun XD, Nice EC, Liou YC, Huang C, Zhu H, Shen Z. Insights and implications of sexual dimorphism in osteoporosis. Bone Res 2024; 12:8. [PMID: 38368422 PMCID: PMC10874461 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00306-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, a metabolic bone disease characterized by low bone mineral density and deterioration of bone microarchitecture, has led to a high risk of fatal osteoporotic fractures worldwide. Accumulating evidence has revealed that sexual dimorphism is a notable feature of osteoporosis, with sex-specific differences in epidemiology and pathogenesis. Specifically, females are more susceptible than males to osteoporosis, while males are more prone to disability or death from the disease. To date, sex chromosome abnormalities and steroid hormones have been proven to contribute greatly to sexual dimorphism in osteoporosis by regulating the functions of bone cells. Understanding the sex-specific differences in osteoporosis and its related complications is essential for improving treatment strategies tailored to women and men. This literature review focuses on the mechanisms underlying sexual dimorphism in osteoporosis, mainly in a population of aging patients, chronic glucocorticoid administration, and diabetes. Moreover, we highlight the implications of sexual dimorphism for developing therapeutics and preventive strategies and screening approaches tailored to women and men. Additionally, the challenges in translating bench research to bedside treatments and future directions to overcome these obstacles will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Na Xie
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Sun
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Yih-Cherng Liou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Canhua Huang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Huili Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Department of Reproductive Medicine, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, 315040, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
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Higuchi S, Matsumoto H, Masaki R, Hirano T, Fuse S, Tanisawa H, Masuda T, Mochizuki Y, Maruta K, Kondo S, Omoto T, Aoki A, Shinke T. Potential confounders of the obesity paradox in older patients following transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Eur Geriatr Med 2024; 15:179-187. [PMID: 37660344 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-023-00855-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with lower mortality in older patients following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for severe aortic valve stenosis. The current study aimed to investigate potential confounders of association between BMI and prognosis. METHODS The retrospective single-center study included consecutive patients following TAVR and excluded those in whom subcutaneous fat accumulation (SFA), visceral fat accumulation (VFA), and major psoas muscle (MPM) volume were not assessed by computed tomography. Cachexia was defined as a combination of BMI < 20 kg/m2 and any biochemical abnormalities. RESULTS After 2 patients were excluded, 234 (age, 86 ± 5 years; male, 77 [33%]; BMI, 22.4 ± 3.8 kg/m2; SFA, 109 (54-156) cm2; VFA, 71 (35-115) cm2; MPM, 202 (161-267) cm3; cachexia, 49 [21%]) were evaluated. SFA and VFA were strongly correlated with BMI (ρ = 0.734 and ρ = 0.712, respectively), whereas MPM was weakly correlated (ρ = 0.346). Two-year all-cause mortality was observed in 31 patients (13%). Higher BMI was associated with lower mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77-0.95). A similar result was observed in the multivariate model including SFA (aHR in an increase of 20 cm2, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.77-0.98) instead of BMI, whereas VFA was not significant. Cachexia was a worse predictor (aHR, 2.51; 95% CI 1.11-5.65). CONCLUSIONS Association of higher BMI with lower mortality may be confounded by SFA in older patients following TAVR. Cachexia might reflect higher mortality in patients with lower BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Higuchi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.
| | - Hidenari Matsumoto
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Ryota Masaki
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Takaho Hirano
- Department of Radiological Technology, Showa University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiori Fuse
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tanisawa
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Masuda
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Mochizuki
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuto Maruta
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seita Kondo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Tadashi Omoto
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Aoki
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiro Shinke
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
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Kusters CDJ, Paul KC, Lu AT, Ferruci L, Ritz BR, Binder AM, Horvath S. Higher testosterone and testosterone/estradiol ratio in men are associated with decreased Pheno-/GrimAge and DNA-methylation based PAI1. GeroScience 2024; 46:1053-1069. [PMID: 37369886 PMCID: PMC10828310 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00832-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex hormones are hypothesized to drive sex-specific health disparities. Here, we study the association between sex steroid hormones and DNA methylation-based (DNAm) biomarkers of age and mortality risk including Pheno Age Acceleration (AA), Grim AA, and DNAm-based estimators of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 (PAI1), and leptin concentrations. We pooled data from three population-based cohorts, the Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort, the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, and the InCHIANTI Study, including 1,062 postmenopausal women without hormone therapy and 1,612 men of European descent. Sex-stratified analyses using a linear mixed regression were performed, with a Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) adjustment for multiple testing. Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) was associated with a decrease in DNAm PAI1 among men (per 1 standard deviation (SD): -478 pg/mL; 95%CI: -614 to -343; P:1e-11; BH-P: 1e-10), and women (-434 pg/mL; 95%CI: -589 to -279; P:1e-7; BH-P:2e-6). The testosterone/estradiol (TE) ratio was associated with a decrease in Pheno AA (-0.41 years; 95%CI: -0.70 to -0.12; P:0.01; BH-P: 0.04), and DNAm PAI1 (-351 pg/mL; 95%CI: -486 to -217; P:4e-7; BH-P:3e-6) among men. In men, testosterone was associated with a decrease in DNAm PAI1 (-481 pg/mL; 95%CI: -613 to -349; P:2e-12; BH-P:6e-11). SHBG was associated with lower DNAm PAI1 among men and women. Higher testosterone and testosterone/estradiol ratio were associated with lower DNAm PAI and a younger epigenetic age in men. A decrease in DNAm PAI1 is associated with lower mortality and morbidity risk indicating a potential protective effect of testosterone on lifespan and conceivably cardiovascular health via DNAm PAI1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia D J Kusters
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health at UCLA, Box 708822, 650 Charles E. Young Drive South, CA, 90095-7088, Los Angeles, USA.
| | - Kimberly C Paul
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ake T Lu
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Altos Labs, San Diego, USA
| | - Luigi Ferruci
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute On Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Beate R Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Environmental Health, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alexandra M Binder
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Altos Labs, San Diego, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Zhou Y, Yan J, Qiao L, Zeng J, Cao F, Sheng X, Qi X, Long C, Liu B, Wang X, Yao H, Xiao L. Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Ameliorate Aging-Induced BTB Impairment in Porcine Testes by Activating Autophagy and Inhibiting ROS/NLRP3 Inflammasomes via the AMPK/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:183. [PMID: 38397781 PMCID: PMC10886345 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
As a pivotal player in spermatogenesis, the blood-testis barrier (BTB) made from junction apparatus coexisting in Sertoli cells (SCs) is impaired with an increase in age and ultimately induces spermatogenic dysfunction or even infertility. It has been corroborated that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation can efficiently repair and regenerate the testicular function. As vital mediators of cell-to-cell communication, MSC-derived exosomes (Exos) can directly serve as therapeutic agents for tissue repair and regeneration. However, the therapeutic value of BMSC-Exos in aging-induced BTB damage remains to be confirmed. In this study, we explored that the old porcine testes had defective autophagy, which aggravated BTB disruption in SCs. BMSC-Exos could decrease ROS production and NLRP3 inflammasome activation but enhanced autophagy and tight junction (TJ) function in D-gal-triggered aging porcine SCs and mouse model testes, according to in vitro and in vivo experiments. Furthermore, rapamycin, NAC, MCC950, and IL-1Ra restored the TJ function in D-gal-stimulated aging porcine SCs, while BMSC-Exos' stimulatory effect on TJ function was inhibited by chloroquine. Moreover, the treatment with BMSC-Exos enhanced autophagy in D-gal-induced aging porcine SCs by means of the AMPK/mTOR signal transduction pathway. These findings uncovered through the present study that BMSC-Exos can enhance the BTB function in aging testes by improving autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway, thereby suppressing ROS production and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (F.C.); (X.S.); (X.Q.); (C.L.); (B.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Jiale Yan
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (F.C.); (X.S.); (X.Q.); (C.L.); (B.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Limin Qiao
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture, Beijing 102445, China;
| | - Jiaqin Zeng
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (F.C.); (X.S.); (X.Q.); (C.L.); (B.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Fuyu Cao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (F.C.); (X.S.); (X.Q.); (C.L.); (B.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Xihui Sheng
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (F.C.); (X.S.); (X.Q.); (C.L.); (B.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaolong Qi
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (F.C.); (X.S.); (X.Q.); (C.L.); (B.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Cheng Long
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (F.C.); (X.S.); (X.Q.); (C.L.); (B.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Bingying Liu
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (F.C.); (X.S.); (X.Q.); (C.L.); (B.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiangguo Wang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (F.C.); (X.S.); (X.Q.); (C.L.); (B.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Hua Yao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (F.C.); (X.S.); (X.Q.); (C.L.); (B.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Longfei Xiao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (F.C.); (X.S.); (X.Q.); (C.L.); (B.L.); (X.W.)
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9
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Calabrò A, Accardi G, Aiello A, Caruso C, Candore G. Sex and gender affect immune aging. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1272118. [PMID: 38088954 PMCID: PMC10715058 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1272118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
The proposed review aims to elucidate the intricate interplay between biological factors (sex differences) and socially constructed factors (gender differences) in the context of immune aging. While the influence of biological differences between men and women on various aspects of immune responses has long been recognized, it is crucial to acknowledge that gender, encompassing the social and cultural roles and expectations associated with being male or female, also significantly shapes these processes. Gender can either accelerate immune aging or promote longevity. By recognizing the impact of both biological and social factors, this work seeks to offer a comprehensive understanding of why men and women may experience divergent trajectories in immune aging and varying outcomes in terms of longevity. Discrepancies in perceived roles of the sexes, both within families and at work, contribute to differing patterns of antigen exposure. Additionally, variations in micronutrient intake and access to preventive healthcare facilities may exist. Health promotion knowledge often correlates with educational attainment, which is unequally represented between males and females in many cultures and across generations in the Western world. In countries without a universal healthcare system, access to healthcare relies on family prioritization strategies to cope with economic constraints, potentially limiting access to specific treatments and affecting immune responses negatively. As a result, both biological factors and social and behavioral factors associated with gender contribute to disparities in immune responses, susceptibility to infections, autoimmune diseases, and vaccine responses among older individuals. However, as demonstrated by the COVID-19 pandemic, older females exhibit greater resilience to infections than older males. Given the crucial role of the immune system in achieving longevity, it is not surprising that women live longer than men, and the number of female centenarians surpasses that of male centenarians.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Calogero Caruso
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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10
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Kramer PA, Coen PM, Cawthon PM, Distefano G, Cummings SR, Goodpaster BH, Hepple RT, Kritchevsky SB, Shankland EG, Marcinek DJ, Toledo FGS, Duchowny KA, Ramos SV, Harrison S, Newman AB, Molina AJA. Skeletal muscle energetics explain the sex disparity in mobility impairment in the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA). MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.11.08.23298271. [PMID: 37987007 PMCID: PMC10659490 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.08.23298271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The age-related decline in muscle mitochondrial energetics contributes to the loss of mobility in older adults. Women experience a higher prevalence of mobility impairment compared to men, but it is unknown whether sex-specific differences in muscle energetics underlie this disparity. In the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA), muscle energetics were characterized using in vivo phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy and high-resolution respirometry of vastus lateralis biopsies in 773 participants (56.4% women, age 70-94 years). A Short Physical Performance Battery score ≤ 8 was used to define lower-extremity mobility impairment. Muscle mitochondrial energetics were lower in women compared to men (e.g. Maximal Complex I&II OXPHOS: Women=55.06 +/- 15.95; Men=65.80 +/- 19.74; p<0.001) and in individuals with mobility impairment compared to those without (e.g., Maximal Complex I&II OXPHOS in women: SPPB≥9=56.59 +/- 16.22; SPPB≤8=47.37 +/- 11.85; p<0.001). Muscle energetics were negatively associated with age only in men (e.g., Maximal ETS capacity: R=-0.15, p=0.02; age/sex interaction, p=0.04), resulting in muscle energetics measures that were significantly lower in women than men in the 70-79 age group but not the 80+ age group. Similarly, the odds of mobility impairment were greater in women than men only in the 70-79 age group (70-79 age group, OR age-adjusted =1.78, 95% CI=1.03, 3.08, p=0.038; 80+ age group, OR age-adjusted =1.05, 95% CI=0.52, 2.15, p=0.89). Accounting for muscle energetics attenuated up to 75% of the greater odds of mobility impairment in women. Women had lower muscle mitochondrial energetics compared to men, which largely explain their greater odds of lower-extremity mobility impairment.
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11
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Stanelle-Bertram S, Beck S, Mounogou NK, Schaumburg B, Stoll F, Al Jawazneh A, Schmal Z, Bai T, Zickler M, Beythien G, Becker K, de la Roi M, Heinrich F, Schulz C, Sauter M, Krasemann S, Lange P, Heinemann A, van Riel D, Leijten L, Bauer L, van den Bosch TPP, Lopuhaä B, Busche T, Wibberg D, Schaudien D, Goldmann T, Lüttjohann A, Ruschinski J, Jania H, Müller Z, Pinho Dos Reis V, Krupp-Buzimkic V, Wolff M, Fallerini C, Baldassarri M, Furini S, Norwood K, Käufer C, Schützenmeister N, von Köckritz-Blickwede M, Schroeder M, Jarczak D, Nierhaus A, Welte T, Kluge S, McHardy AC, Sommer F, Kalinowski J, Krauss-Etschmann S, Richter F, von der Thüsen J, Baumgärtner W, Klingel K, Ondruschka B, Renieri A, Gabriel G. CYP19A1 mediates severe SARS-CoV-2 disease outcome in males. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101152. [PMID: 37572667 PMCID: PMC10518605 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Male sex represents one of the major risk factors for severe COVID-19 outcome. However, underlying mechanisms that mediate sex-dependent disease outcome are as yet unknown. Here, we identify the CYP19A1 gene encoding for the testosterone-to-estradiol metabolizing enzyme CYP19A1 (also known as aromatase) as a host factor that contributes to worsened disease outcome in SARS-CoV-2-infected males. We analyzed exome sequencing data obtained from a human COVID-19 cohort (n = 2,866) using a machine-learning approach and identify a CYP19A1-activity-increasing mutation to be associated with the development of severe disease in men but not women. We further analyzed human autopsy-derived lungs (n = 86) and detect increased pulmonary CYP19A1 expression at the time point of death in men compared with women. In the golden hamster model, we show that SARS-CoV-2 infection causes increased CYP19A1 expression in the lung that is associated with dysregulated plasma sex hormone levels and reduced long-term pulmonary function in males but not females. Treatment of SARS-CoV-2-infected hamsters with a clinically approved CYP19A1 inhibitor (letrozole) improves impaired lung function and supports recovery of imbalanced sex hormones specifically in males. Our study identifies CYP19A1 as a contributor to sex-specific SARS-CoV-2 disease outcome in males. Furthermore, inhibition of CYP19A1 by the clinically approved drug letrozole may furnish a new therapeutic strategy for individualized patient management and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sebastian Beck
- Department for Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nancy Kouassi Mounogou
- Department for Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Berfin Schaumburg
- Department for Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Stoll
- Department for Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Amirah Al Jawazneh
- Department for Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Zoé Schmal
- Department for Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tian Bai
- Department for Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Zickler
- Department for Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Georg Beythien
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kathrin Becker
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Madeleine de la Roi
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Fabian Heinrich
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Schulz
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martina Sauter
- Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Krasemann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Core Facility Experimental Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philine Lange
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Axel Heinemann
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Debby van Riel
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lonneke Leijten
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lisa Bauer
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Boaz Lopuhaä
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tobias Busche
- Medical School East Westphalia-Lippe & Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Daniel Wibberg
- Microbial Genomics and Biotechnology, Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Dirk Schaudien
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Hannover, Germany
| | - Torsten Goldmann
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck and the Research Center Borstel, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
| | - Anna Lüttjohann
- Department for Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jenny Ruschinski
- Department for Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hanna Jania
- Department for Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Zacharias Müller
- Department for Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Vanessa Krupp-Buzimkic
- Department for Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg, Germany; Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Wolff
- Early Life Origins of Chronic Lung Disease, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
| | - Chiara Fallerini
- Med Biotech Hub and Competence Center, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Margherita Baldassarri
- Med Biotech Hub and Competence Center, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Simone Furini
- Med Biotech Hub and Competence Center, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Katrina Norwood
- Department for Computational Biology of Infection Research, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany; Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christopher Käufer
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Maren von Köckritz-Blickwede
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany; Department of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maria Schroeder
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Jarczak
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Axel Nierhaus
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Welte
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Kluge
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alice C McHardy
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany; Department for Computational Biology of Infection Research, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany; Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany; Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2355), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank Sommer
- Division Men's Health, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jörn Kalinowski
- Microbial Genomics and Biotechnology, Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Susanne Krauss-Etschmann
- Early Life Origins of Chronic Lung Disease, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany; Institute for Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Franziska Richter
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan von der Thüsen
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wolfgang Baumgärtner
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Karin Klingel
- Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Ondruschka
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alessandra Renieri
- Med Biotech Hub and Competence Center, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Gülsah Gabriel
- Department for Viral Zoonoses - One Health, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany.
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12
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Chen XL, Fortes JM, Hu YT, van Iersel J, He KN, van Heerikhuize J, Balesar R, Swaab D, Bao AM. Sexually dimorphic age-related molecular differences in the entorhinal cortex of cognitively intact elderly: Relation to early Alzheimer's changes. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:3848-3857. [PMID: 36960685 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Women are more vulnerable to Alzheimer's disease (AD) than men. The entorhinal cortex (EC) is one of the earliest structures affected in AD. We identified in cognitively intact elderly different molecular changes in the EC in relation to age. METHODS Changes in 12 characteristic molecules in relation to age were determined by quantitative immunohistochemistry or in situ hybridization in the EC. They were arbitrarily grouped into sex steroid-related molecules, markers of neuronal activity, neurotransmitter-related molecules, and cholinergic activity-related molecules. RESULTS The changes in molecules indicated increasing local estrogenic and neuronal activity accompanied by a higher and faster hyperphosphorylated tau accumulation in women's EC in relation to age, versus a mainly stable local estrogenic/androgenic and neuronal activity in men's EC. DISCUSSION EC employs a different neurobiological strategy in women and men to maintain cognitive function, which seems to be accompanied by an earlier start of AD in women. HIGHLIGHTS Local estrogen system is activated with age only in women's entorhinal cortex (EC). EC neuronal activity increased with age only in elderly women with intact cognition. Men and women have different molecular strategies to retain cognition with aging. P-tau accumulation in the EC was higher and faster in cognitively intact elderly women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Lu Chen
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jennifer Monteiro Fortes
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yu-Ting Hu
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juliet van Iersel
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kang-Ning He
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Joop van Heerikhuize
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rawien Balesar
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dick Swaab
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ai-Min Bao
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Choi JH, Park SM, Kim S. Investigation of Potential cGMP-Specific PDE V and Aminopeptidase N Inhibitors of Allium ampeloprasum L. and Its Bioactive Components: Kinetic and Molecular Docking Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13319. [PMID: 37686129 PMCID: PMC10488055 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary objectives of this study were to assess the inhibitory effects of Allium ampeloprasum L. extract (AAE) and its derived organosulfur and polyphenolic compounds on the enzymatic activities of cGMP-specific PDE V (PDE5) and aminopeptidase N (APN). Additionally, the study aimed to investigate their potential as inhibitors against these two target enzymes through kinetic analyses and molecular docking studies. The in vitro enzyme assays demonstrated that both AAE and its derived compounds significantly decreased the activity of PDE5 and APN. Further analyses involving kinetics and molecular docking provided insights into the specific inhibitor types of AAE and its derived compounds along with the proposed molecular docking models illustrating the interactions between the ligands (the compounds) and the enzymes (PDE5 and APN). In particular, AAE-derived polyphenolic compounds showed relatively stable binding affinity (-7.2 to -8.3 kcal/mol) on PDE5 and APN. Our findings proved the potential as an inhibitor against PDE5 and APN of AAE and AAE-derived organosulfur and polyphenolic compounds as well as a functional material for erectile dysfunction improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hui Choi
- Department of Health Functional Food, Gwangju University, Gwangju 61743, Republic of Korea;
| | | | - Seung Kim
- Department of Health Functional Food, Gwangju University, Gwangju 61743, Republic of Korea;
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Kusters CDJ, Paul KC, Lu AT, Ferrucci L, Ritz BR, Binder AM, Horvath S. Higher testosterone and testosterone/estradiol ratio in men are associated with better epigenetic estimators of mortality risk. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.02.16.23285997. [PMID: 36865294 PMCID: PMC9980235 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.16.23285997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Sex hormones are hypothesized to drive sex-specific health disparities. Here, we study the association between sex steroid hormones and DNA methylation-based (DNAm) biomarkers of age and mortality risk including Pheno Age Acceleration (AA), Grim AA, and DNAm-based estimators of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 (PAI1), and leptin concentrations. Methods We pooled data from three population-based cohorts, the Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort (FHS), the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA), and the InCHIANTI Study, including 1,062 postmenopausal women without hormone therapy and 1,612 men of European descent. Sex hormone concentrations were standardized with mean 0 and standard deviation of 1, for each study and sex separately. Sex-stratified analyses using a linear mixed regression were performed, with a Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) adjustment for multiple testing. Sensitivity analysis was performed excluding the previously used training-set for the development of Pheno and Grim age. Results Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) is associated with a decrease in DNAm PAI1 among men (per 1 standard deviation (SD): -478 pg/mL; 95%CI: -614 to -343; P:1e-11; BH-P: 1e-10), and women (-434 pg/mL; 95%CI: -589 to -279; P:1e-7; BH-P:2e-6). The testosterone/estradiol (TE) ratio was associated with a decrease in Pheno AA (-0.41 years; 95%CI: -0.70 to -0.12; P:0.01; BH-P: 0.04), and DNAm PAI1 (-351 pg/mL; 95%CI: -486 to -217; P:4e-7; BH-P:3e-6) among men. In men, 1 SD increase in total testosterone was associated with a decrease in DNAm PAI1 (-481 pg/mL; 95%CI: -613 to -349; P:2e-12; BH-P:6e-11). Conclusion SHBG was associated with lower DNAm PAI1 among men and women. Higher testosterone and testosterone/estradiol ratio were associated with lower DNAm PAI and a younger epigenetic age in men. A decrease in DNAm PAI1 is associated with lower mortality and morbidity risk indicating a potential protective effect of testosterone on lifespan and conceivably cardiovascular health via DNAm PAI1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia DJ Kusters
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kimberly C Paul
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ake T Lu
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Altos Labs, San Diego, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Beate R Ritz
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Environmental Health, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alexandra M Binder
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Altos Labs, San Diego, USA
- Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
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15
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Jung SJ, Park EO, Chae SW, Lee SO, Kwon JW, You JH, Kim YG. Effects of Unripe Black Raspberry Extract Supplementation on Male Climacteric Syndrome and Voiding Dysfunction: A Pilot, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:3313. [PMID: 37571251 PMCID: PMC10421075 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Male climacteric syndrome (MCS) is a medical condition that can affect middle-aged men whose testosterone levels begin to decline considerably. These symptoms may include fatigue, decreased libido, mood swings, and disturbed sleep. MCS can be managed with lifestyle modifications and testosterone replacement. However, testosterone therapy may cause number of side effects, including an increased risk of cardiovascular issues. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of unripe black raspberry extract (BRE) against MCS and voiding dysfunction in men with andropause symptoms. A total of 30 subjects were enrolled and randomly assigned to the BRE group (n = 15) or the placebo group (n = 15). Participants were supplemented with 4800 mg BRE or placebo twice daily for 12 weeks. The impact of BRE was assessed using the Aging Male's Symptoms (AMS scale), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and the IPSS quality of life index (IPSS-QoL). Additionally, male sex hormones, lipid profiles, and anthropometric indices were assessed 6 and 12 weeks after treatment. The AMS scores did not differ significantly between the two groups. In the BRE group, the total IPSS and IPSS-QoL scores decreased significantly after 12 weeks compared to baseline (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference compared to the placebo group. However, a significant difference was observed in the IPSS voiding symptoms sub-score compared to the placebo group. Furthermore, LDL-C and TC levels were also significantly lower in the BRE group than in the placebo group (p < 0.05). Collectively, the study provides strong evidence supporting the safety of BRE as a functional food and its supplementation potentially enhances lipid metabolism and alleviates MCS and dysuria symptoms, limiting the development of BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jin Jung
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.J.); (E.-O.P.); (S.-W.C.); (S.-O.L.)
- Clinical Trial Center for K-FOOD Microbiome, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ock Park
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.J.); (E.-O.P.); (S.-W.C.); (S.-O.L.)
- Clinical Trial Center for K-FOOD Microbiome, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Wan Chae
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.J.); (E.-O.P.); (S.-W.C.); (S.-O.L.)
- Clinical Trial Center for K-FOOD Microbiome, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ok Lee
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.J.); (E.-O.P.); (S.-W.C.); (S.-O.L.)
- Clinical Trial Center for K-FOOD Microbiome, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Wung Kwon
- Berry & Bio Food Research Institute, Gochang, Jeonbuk 56417, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jae-Hyung You
- Department of Urology, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Gon Kim
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.J.); (E.-O.P.); (S.-W.C.); (S.-O.L.)
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
- Department of Urology, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
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16
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Burrowes KS, Ruppage M, Lowry A, Zhao D. Sex matters: the frequently overlooked importance of considering sex in computational models. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1186646. [PMID: 37520817 PMCID: PMC10374267 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1186646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Personalised medicine and the development of a virtual human or a digital twin comprises visions of the future of medicine. To realise these innovations, an understanding of the biology and physiology of all people are required if we wish to apply these technologies at a population level. Sex differences in health and biology is one aspect that has frequently been overlooked, with young white males being seen as the "average" human being. This has not been helped by the lack of inclusion of female cells and animals in biomedical research and preclinical studies or the historic exclusion, and still low in proportion, of women in clinical trials. However, there are many known differences in health between the sexes across all scales of biology which can manifest in differences in susceptibility to diseases, symptoms in a given disease, and outcomes to a given treatment. Neglecting these important differences in the development of any health technologies could lead to adverse outcomes for both males and females. Here we highlight just some of the sex differences in the cardio-respiratory systems with the goal of raising awareness that these differences exist. We discuss modelling studies that have considered sex differences and touch on how and when to create sex-specific models. Scientific studies should ensure sex differences are included right from the study planning phase and results reported using sex as a biological variable. Computational models must have sex-specific versions to ensure a movement towards personalised medicine is realised.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. S. Burrowes
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - M. Ruppage
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - A. Lowry
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - D. Zhao
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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17
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De Vincentis S, Rochira V. Update on acquired hypogonadism in men living with HIV: pathogenesis, clinic, and treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1201696. [PMID: 37455928 PMCID: PMC10338827 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1201696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypogonadism is a frequent finding among men living with HIV (MLWH) and it seems to occur earlier in comparison with the general male population. Although the prevalence of hypogonadism in MLWH has significantly lowered thanks to advancements in medical management, it remains high if compared with age-matched HIV-uninfected men, ranging from 13% to 40% in the age group of 20-60 years. Signs and symptoms of low serum testosterone (T) in MLWH are cause of concern since they are non-specific, of mild-to-moderate degree, and often overlapping with those of infection per se. For these reasons, hypogonadism can be underestimated in the absence of targeted laboratory blood examinations. With regard to the etiological factors involved in the T decrease, emerging evidence has suggested the functional nature of hypogonadism in MLWH, pointing out the mutual relationship between sex steroids, health status, comorbidities, and HIV-related factors. In agreement with this hypothesis, a therapeutic approach aiming at improving or reversing concomitant diseases through lifestyle changes (e.g. physical activity) rather than pharmacological T treatment should be theoretically considered. However, considering both patient's barriers to lifestyle changes to be maintained overtime and the lack of evidence-based data on the efficacy of lifestyle changes in normalizing serum T in MLWH, T therapy remains an option when other non-pharmacological interventions are ineffective as well as for all other functional forms of hypogonadism. From this perspective, the traditional therapeutic management of male hypogonadism in MLWH, especially the role of T supplementation, should be revised in the light of the probable functional nature of hypogonadism by considering a good balance between benefits and harmful. This narrative review presents an overview of current knowledge on hypogonadism in MLWH, deepening the factors driving and taking part in T decrease, providing advice for the clinical approach, and underlining the importance of individualized treatment aiming at optimizing non-gonadal comorbidities and thus avoiding over-, or even unnecessary, treatment with T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara De Vincentis
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Rochira
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Modena, Italy
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18
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Abstract
Although sex differences have been noted in cellular function and behavior, therapy efficacy, and disease incidence and outcomes, the adoption of sex as a biological variable in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine remains limited. Furthering the development of personalized, precision medicine requires considering biological sex at the bench and in the clinic. This review provides the basis for considering biological sex when designing tissue-engineered constructs and regenerative therapies by contextualizing sex as a biological variable within the tissue engineering triad of cells, matrices, and signals. To achieve equity in biological sex within medicine requires a cultural shift in science and engineering research, with active engagement by researchers, clinicians, companies, policymakers, and funding agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine B Allen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA;
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA;
| | - Christopher Ludtka
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA;
| | - Bryan D James
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA;
- Department of Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA
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19
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Iguchi K, Nagashima K, Mochizuki J, Yamamoto H, Unno K, Miyoshi N. Enokitake Mushroom and Its Active Component, Adenosine, Which Restores Testosterone Production in Impaired and Fatigued Mouse Models. Nutrients 2023; 15:2142. [PMID: 37432279 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have reported the effects of the consumption of various mushroom species on the testes in animal experimental models. Mushrooms, including enokitake mushrooms (Flammulina velutipes), and vegetables contain adenosine may affect testosterone production. Here, we aimed to elucidate the effects of enokitake and its active component, adenosine, on testosterone production in primary cultures of testicular cells in vivo using mice models and in vitro. The administration of enokitake ethanolic extract increased testosterone production in the cisplatin-impaired mouse model. The direct effect of mushroom extracts on testicular cells was examined and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis confirmed that the mushroom- and vegetable-induced increase in testosterone production mainly involved adenosine. Additionally, the administration of enokitake extract or adenosine to wet floor fatigue model mice promoted testicular testosterone production and enhanced Leydig cell function through insulin-like peptide three level upregulation. Structurally related compounds, including cordycepin, showed lower bioactivity than adenosine. This study showed that the ingestion of adenosine-containing mushrooms and vegetables may effectively increase testicular testosterone production. We conclude that mushrooms with a relatively high adenosine content, such as enokitake, may be useful against aging and fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Iguchi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Koji Nagashima
- TechnoSuruga Laboratory Co., Ltd., Shizuoka 424-0065, Japan
| | - Jun Mochizuki
- TechnoSuruga Laboratory Co., Ltd., Shizuoka 424-0065, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamamoto
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Saitama 362-0806, Japan
| | - Keiko Unno
- Tea Science Center, Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Miyoshi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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20
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Rodriguez-Carrillo A, Remy S, D'Cruz SC, Salamanca-Fernandez E, Gil F, Olmedo P, Mustieles V, Vela-Soria F, Baken K, Olea N, Smagulova F, Fernandez MF, Freire C. Kisspeptin as potential biomarker of environmental chemical mixture effect on reproductive hormone profile: A pilot study in adolescent males. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 868:161668. [PMID: 36657687 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kisspeptin has been proposed as an effect biomarker to understand the mechanisms by which some environmental chemicals adversely affect the human reproductive system. OBJECTIVE To ascertain whether kisspeptin serum protein and DNA methylation levels are associated with exposure to several environmental chemicals (individually and as a mixture) and serum reproductive hormone levels in adolescent males. METHODS Three phenols (bisphenol A [BPA], methyl-paraben [MPB], and benzophenone-3 [BP3]); two toxic metals (arsenic and cadmium); and four metabolites of non-persistent pesticides, including insecticides (2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol [IMPy], malathion diacid [MDA], and dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid [DCCA]) and fungicides (ethylene thiourea [ETU]) were measured in first-morning urine samples of 133 adolescent males aged 15-17 years from the INMA-Granada cohort. In blood samples collected on the same day, KISS1 gene DNA methylation was measured at four CpGs from the Exon IV, as well as serum levels of kiss54 protein, total testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), sex hormone binding-globulin, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Multiple linear regression and mixture (quantile g-computation) models were fit. RESULTS Urinary MDA and DCCA concentrations were associated with higher kiss54 levels [% change (95%CI) for each log-unit increase in concentration = 2.90 (0.32;5.56), and 1.93 (0.45,3.43), respectively]; IMPy with lower DNA methylation percentage at CpG1 and total CpGs [% change (95%CI) = -1.15 (-1.96;-0.33): -0.89 (-1.73;-0.01), respectively]; and BP3 and DCCA with lower total CpGs methylation [-0.53 (-1.04;-0.01) and - 0.69 (-1.37;-0.01), respectively]. The pesticide mixture and the whole chemical mixture were associated with higher kiss54 [% change (95%CI) = 9.09 (3.29;15.21) and 11.61 (3.96;19.82), respectively] and lower methylation levels at several CpGs. Additionally, serum kiss54 in the third tertile was associated with higher LH levels [% change (95%CI) = 28.69 (3.75-59.63)], and third-tertile CpG1, CpG2, and total CpG methylation percentages were associated with lower FSH and E2. CONCLUSION The findings of the present study and the negative correlation between serum kiss54 levels and KISS1 DNA methylation percentages suggested that kisspeptin may be a promising effect biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rodriguez-Carrillo
- Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain; Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Sylvie Remy
- Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Shereen Cynthia D'Cruz
- Univ Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Elena Salamanca-Fernandez
- Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain; Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Fernando Gil
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Pablo Olmedo
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Vicente Mustieles
- Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain; Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Fernando Vela-Soria
- Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Kirsten Baken
- Unit Health, VITO, Flemish Institute for Technological Research, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Nicolás Olea
- Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain; Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Fátima Smagulova
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Mariana F Fernandez
- Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain; Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Carmen Freire
- Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
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21
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Tasnim S, Nyholt DR. Migraine and thyroid dysfunction: Co-occurrence, shared genes and biological mechanisms. Eur J Neurol 2023; 30:1815-1827. [PMID: 36807966 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Migraine and thyroid dysfunction, particularly hypothyroidism, are common medical conditions and are known to have high heritability. Thyroid function measures, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (fT4), are also known to be genetically influenced. Although observational epidemiological studies report an increased co-occurrence of migraine and thyroid dysfunction, a clear and combined interpretation of the findings is currently lacking. A narrative review is provided of the epidemiological and genetic association evidence linking migraine, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and thyroid hormones TSH and fT4. METHODS An extensive literature search was conducted in the PubMed database for epidemiological, candidate gene and genome-wide association studies using the terms migraine, headache, thyroid hormones, TSH, fT4, thyroid function, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. RESULTS Epidemiological studies suggest a bidirectional relationship between migraine and thyroid dysfunction. However, the nature of the relationship remains unclear, with some studies suggesting migraine increases the risk for thyroid dysfunction whilst other studies suggest the reverse. Early candidate gene studies have provided nominal evidence for MTHFR and APOE, whilst more recently genome-wide association studies have provided robust evidence for THADA and ITPK1 being associated with both migraine and thyroid dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS These genetic associations improve our understanding of the genetic relationship between migraine and thyroid dysfunction, provide an opportunity to develop biomarkers to identify migraine patients most likely to benefit from thyroid hormone therapy, and indicate that further cross-trait genetic studies have excellent potential to provide biological insight into their relationship and inform clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Tasnim
- Statistical and Genomic Epidemiology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, and Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dale R Nyholt
- Statistical and Genomic Epidemiology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, and Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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22
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Pax7 + Satellite Cells in Human Skeletal Muscle After Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Sports Med 2023; 53:457-480. [PMID: 36266373 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01767-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle has extraordinary regenerative capabilities against challenge, mainly owing to its resident muscle stem cells, commonly identified by Pax7+, which expediently donate nuclei to the regenerating multinucleated myofibers. This local reserve of stem cells in damaged muscle tissues is replenished by undifferentiated bone marrow stem cells (CD34+) permeating into the surrounding vascular system. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study was to provide a quantitative estimate for the changes in Pax7+ muscle stem cells (satellite cells) in humans following an acute bout of exercise until 96 h, in temporal relation to circulating CD34+ bone marrow stem cells. A subgroup analysis of age was also performed. METHODS Four databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and BASE) were used for the literature search until February 2022. Pax7+ cells in human skeletal muscle were the primary outcome. Circulating CD34+ cells were the secondary outcome. The standardized mean difference (SMD) was calculated using a random-effects meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses were conducted to examine the influence of age, training status, type of exercise, and follow-up time after exercise. RESULTS The final search identified 20 studies for Pax7+ cells comprising a total of 370 participants between the average age of 21 and 74 years and 26 studies for circulating CD34+ bone marrow stem cells comprising 494 participants between the average age of 21 and 67 years. Only one study assessed Pax7+ cells immediately after aerobic exercise and showed a 32% reduction in exercising muscle followed by a fast repletion to pre-exercise level within 3 h. A large effect on increasing Pax7+ cell content in skeletal muscles was observed 24 h after resistance exercise (SMD = 0.89, p < 0.001). Pax7+ cells increased to ~ 50% above pre-exercise level 24-72 h after resistance exercise. For a subgroup analysis of age, a large effect (SMD = 0.81, p < 0.001) was observed on increasing Pax7+ cells in exercised muscle among adults aged > 50 years, whereas adults at younger age presented a medium effect (SMD = 0.64, p < 0.001). Both resistance exercise and aerobic exercise showed a medium overall effect in increasing circulating CD34+ cells (SMD = 0.53, p < 0.001), which declined quickly to the pre-exercise baseline level after exercise within 6 h. CONCLUSIONS An immediate depletion of Pax7+ cells in exercising skeletal muscle concurrent with a transient release of CD34+ cells suggest a replenishment of the local stem cell reserve from bone marrow. A protracted Pax7+ cell expansion in the muscle can be observed during 24-72 h after resistance exercise. This result provides a scientific basis for exercise recommendations on weekly cycles allowing for adequate recovery time. Exercise-induced Pax7+ cell expansion in muscle remains significant at higher age, despite a lower stem cell reserve after age 50 years. More studies are required to confirm whether Pax7+ cell increment can occur after aerobic exercise. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) [identification code CRD42021265457].
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23
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Pana TA, Kioh SH, Neal SR, Tan MP, Mat S, Moayyeri A, Luben RN, Wareham NJ, Khaw KT, Myint PK. Body Fat Percentage and the Long-term Risk of Fractures. The EPIC-Norfolk Prospective Population Cohort Study. Maturitas 2023; 168:71-77. [PMID: 36502648 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This cohort study aimed to determine the association between body fat percentage (BF%), incident fractures and calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA). METHODS Participants were drawn from the EPIC-Norfolk Prospective Population Cohort Study (median follow-up = 16.4 years). Cox models analysed the relationship between BF% and incident fractures (all and hip). Linear and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regressions modelled the relationship between BF% and BUA. RESULTS 14,129 participants (56.2 % women) were included. There were 1283 and 537 incident all and hip fractures respectively. The participants had a mean (standard deviation) age of 61.5 (9.0) years for women and 62.9 (9.0) years for men. Amongst men, BF% was not associated with incident all fractures. While BF% < 23 % (median) was not associated with hip fractures, BF% > 23 % was associated with increased risk of hip fractures by up to 50 % (hazard ratio (95 % confidence interval) = 1.49 (1.06-2.12)). In women, BF% < 39 % (median) was associated with up to 32 % higher risk of all fractures (1.32 (1.13-1.44)), while BF% > 35 % was not associated with this outcome. Higher BF% was associated with lower risk of incident hip fractures in women. Higher BF% was associated with higher BUA amongst women. Higher BF% up to ~23 % was associated with higher BUA amongst men. CONCLUSIONS Higher BF% is associated with lower risk of fractures in women. While there was no association between BF% and all fractures in men, increasing BF% >23 % was associated with higher risk of hip fractures in men. This appears to be independent of estimated bone mineral density. Fracture prevention efforts need to consider wider physical, clinical, and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiberiu A Pana
- Ageing Clinical & Experimental Research Group, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom.
| | - Sheng Hui Kioh
- Ageing Clinical & Experimental Research Group, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom; Ageing and Age-Associated Disorders Research Group, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Samuel R Neal
- Ageing Clinical & Experimental Research Group, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Maw Pin Tan
- Ageing and Age-Associated Disorders Research Group, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Medical Sciences, School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, Malaysia
| | - Sumaiyah Mat
- Ageing and Age-Associated Disorders Research Group, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Center of Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, National University of Malaysia, Malaysia
| | | | - Robert N Luben
- Gonville and Caius College, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Gonville and Caius College, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Phyo K Myint
- Ageing Clinical & Experimental Research Group, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom
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24
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Zsichla L, Müller V. Risk Factors of Severe COVID-19: A Review of Host, Viral and Environmental Factors. Viruses 2023; 15:175. [PMID: 36680215 PMCID: PMC9863423 DOI: 10.3390/v15010175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical course and outcome of COVID-19 are highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic infections to severe disease and death. Understanding the risk factors of severe COVID-19 is relevant both in the clinical setting and at the epidemiological level. Here, we provide an overview of host, viral and environmental factors that have been shown or (in some cases) hypothesized to be associated with severe clinical outcomes. The factors considered in detail include the age and frailty, genetic polymorphisms, biological sex (and pregnancy), co- and superinfections, non-communicable comorbidities, immunological history, microbiota, and lifestyle of the patient; viral genetic variation and infecting dose; socioeconomic factors; and air pollution. For each category, we compile (sometimes conflicting) evidence for the association of the factor with COVID-19 outcomes (including the strength of the effect) and outline possible action mechanisms. We also discuss the complex interactions between the various risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levente Zsichla
- Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Health Security, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktor Müller
- Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Health Security, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
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25
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De Vincentis S, Decaroli MC, Fanelli F, Diazzi C, Mezzullo M, Tartaro G, Tagliavini S, De Santis MC, Roli L, Milic J, Trenti T, Pagotto U, Guaraldi G, Rochira V. Primary, secondary and compensated male biochemical hypogonadism in people living with HIV (PLWH): relevance of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) measurement and comparison between liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and chemiluminescent immunoassay for sex steroids assay. Aging Male 2022; 25:41-53. [PMID: 35318882 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2022.2039116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data about classification of hypogonadism and estrogen deficiency in male people living with HIV (PLWH) are scanty. AIM To investigate the prevalence and characterization of biochemical hypogonadism and relative estrogen deficiency in male PLWH aged < 50 comparing liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with chemiluminescent immunoassay (CI), and combining gonadotropin, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and serum estradiol (E2) measurements. METHODS Prospective, cross-sectional, observational study. Serum total testosterone (TT), E2, gonadotropins, SHBG were measured by CI. TT and E2 were also assessed by LC-MS/MS. Free testosterone (cFT) was calculated by Vermeulen equation. RESULTS A total of 316 PLWH (45.3 ± 5.3 years) were enrolled. TT and cFT by LC-MS/MS were lower compared to CI (p < 0.0001). The prevalence of biochemical hypogonadism was higher with LC-MS/MS than CI, both for TT (5.1% vs 3.2%, p < 0.0001) or cFT (9.5% vs 7%, p < 0.0001). The prevalence of hypogonadism (overt + compensated) was 17.1% for cFT using LC-MS/MS. Secondary form of hypogonadism was more prevalent than primary. The prevalence of relative estrogen deficiency was of 30.0% among hypogonadal patients and 15.5% among eugonadal. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of male hypogonadism results underestimated by CI compared to LC-MS/MS in PLWH, both for TT and cFT. SHBG and gonadotropins are essential for detecting T deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara De Vincentis
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Decaroli
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Flaminia Fanelli
- Unit of Endocrinology and Prevention and Care of Diabetes, Centre for Applied Biomedical Research, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Sant'Orsola Policlinic Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Diazzi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Marco Mezzullo
- Unit of Endocrinology and Prevention and Care of Diabetes, Centre for Applied Biomedical Research, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Sant'Orsola Policlinic Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Tartaro
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Simonetta Tagliavini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Azienda USL of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Laura Roli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Azienda USL of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Jovana Milic
- Multidisciplinary Metabolic Clinic, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Tommaso Trenti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Azienda USL of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Uberto Pagotto
- Unit of Endocrinology and Prevention and Care of Diabetes, Centre for Applied Biomedical Research, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Sant'Orsola Policlinic Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Guaraldi
- Multidisciplinary Metabolic Clinic, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Rochira
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Modena, Italy
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26
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The Effect of a Combination of Eucommia ulmoides and Achyranthes japonica on Alleviation of Testosterone Deficiency in Aged Rat Models. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163341. [PMID: 36014851 PMCID: PMC9414994 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
With aging, men inevitably encounter irreversible changes, including progressive loss of testosterone and physical strength, and increased fat mass. To assess the alleviatory effects of EUAJ on andropause symptoms, including in vivo testosterone deficiency, we administered EUAJ for 6 weeks in 22-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. Before EUAJ (3:1) (E. ulmoides:A. japonica = 3:1, KGC08EA) administration, testosterone decline in 22-week-old SD rats was confirmed compared to 7-week-old SD rats (NC group). After administration of EUAJ (3:1) at 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg for 6 weeks, testosterone, free testosterone, and mRNA expression levels (Cyp11a1 and Hsd3b1) were significantly increased at 40 mg/kg EUAJ (3:1), whereas mRNA expression levels of Cyp19a1 and Srd5a2 were significantly reduced at this concentration, compared to the control group. Swimming retention time was significantly increased at both 40 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg. In summary, EUAJ (3:1) enhanced testosterone production by increasing bioavailable testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and enzymes related to testosterone synthesis at 40 mg/kg. In addition, 80 mg/kg EUAJ (3:1) also increased physical and testicular functions.
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27
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Hophing L, Kyriakopoulos P, Bui E. Sex and gender differences in epilepsy. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2022; 164:235-276. [PMID: 36038205 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2022.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sex and gender differences in epilepsy are important influencing factors in epilepsy care. In epilepsy, the hormonal differences between the sexes are important as they impact specific treatment considerations for patients at various life stages particularly during early adulthood with establishment of the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, perimenopause and menopause. Choice of antiseizure medication may have direct consequences on hormonal cycles, hormonal contraception, pregnancy and fetal risk of major congenital malformation. Conversely hormones whether intrinsic or extrinsically administered may have direct impact on antiseizure medications and seizure control. This chapter explores these important influences on the management of persons with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Hophing
- Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Esther Bui
- Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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28
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Diokno AC. The role of testosterone in men's health: is it time for a new approach? Int Urol Nephrol 2022; 54:2767-2774. [PMID: 35909146 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-022-03292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Because of many unanswered questions regarding men's health, a literature review was performed to better understand the role of testosterone and testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) in the management of hypogonadism and aging related prostate gland diseases (ARPGD) including prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). METHODS The PubMed database was screened for pertinent peer reviewed articles published during the last four decades that culminated in the positions and recommendations in this paper. RESULTS Hypogonadism seriously impacts men's health, and the diagnosis remains controversial. The incidence of ARPGD is projected to increase worldwide and treatment still has significant limitations. There is compelling evidence that lower, not higher, testosterone levels trigger the development of PCa and BPH through androgen receptor over-expression. TRT was found to be safe and effective in treating hypogonadism including in PCa survivors and those harboring PCa. There is also evidence that TRT might reduce the incidence and prevalence of ARPGD. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS This review synthesizes a wide-ranging compendium of basic science and clinical research that strongly encourages altering the present approach to diagnosing and treating men with hypogonadism and ARPGD. These findings underscore the importance of avoiding significant testosterone decline and support the use of TRT. Ten recommendations are offered as a framework for the way forward. It is now time for clinicians, payers, researchers, funding agencies, professional associations, and patient advocacy groups to embrace this new paradigm to increase longevity and improve the quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananias C Diokno
- Department of Urology, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, USA.
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29
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Nie X, Munyoki SK, Sukhwani M, Schmid N, Missel A, Emery BR, DonorConnect, Stukenborg JB, Mayerhofer A, Orwig KE, Aston KI, Hotaling JM, Cairns BR, Guo J. Single-cell analysis of human testis aging and correlation with elevated body mass index. Dev Cell 2022; 57:1160-1176.e5. [PMID: 35504286 PMCID: PMC9090997 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Aging men display reduced reproductive health; however, testis aging is poorly understood at the molecular and genomic levels. Here, we utilized single-cell RNA-seq to profile over 44,000 cells from both young and older men and examined age-related changes in germline development and in the testicular somatic cells. Age-related changes in spermatogonial stem cells appeared modest, whereas age-related dysregulation of spermatogenesis and somatic cells ranged from moderate to severe. Altered pathways included signaling and inflammation in multiple cell types, metabolic signaling in Sertoli cells, hedgehog signaling and testosterone production in Leydig cells, cell death and growth in testicular peritubular cells, and possible developmental regression in both Leydig and peritubular cells. Remarkably, the extent of dysregulation correlated with body mass index in older but not in younger men. Collectively, we reveal candidate molecular mechanisms underlying the complex testicular changes conferred by aging and their possible exacerbation by concurrent chronic conditions such as obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xichen Nie
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sarah K Munyoki
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences and Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Meena Sukhwani
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences and Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Nina Schmid
- Biomedical Center Munich (BMC), Cell Biology, Anatomy III, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Grosshaderner Strasse 9, Planegg, Munich, 82152, Germany
| | - Annika Missel
- Biomedical Center Munich (BMC), Cell Biology, Anatomy III, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Grosshaderner Strasse 9, Planegg, Munich, 82152, Germany
| | - Benjamin R Emery
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | | | - Jan-Bernd Stukenborg
- NORDFERTIL Research Laboratory Stockholm, Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Bioclinicum J9:30, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Solna 17164, Sweden
| | - Artur Mayerhofer
- Biomedical Center Munich (BMC), Cell Biology, Anatomy III, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Grosshaderner Strasse 9, Planegg, Munich, 82152, Germany
| | - Kyle E Orwig
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences and Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Kenneth I Aston
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - James M Hotaling
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Bradley R Cairns
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
| | - Jingtao Guo
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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30
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Wu S, Hilton O, Pereira B, Girometti N, Milinkovic A, Ollandini G, Boffito M. Correlation between different equations to calculate free testosterone for improved detection of hypogonadism in people living with HIV. Int J STD AIDS 2022; 33:613-617. [PMID: 35379047 DOI: 10.1177/09564624221083760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of hypogonadism in people living with HIV (PLWH) remains challenging by the lack of a standardised diagnostic algorithm. Since sexual hormone-binding globulin levels are commonly increased in PLWH, guidelines recommend assessing free testosterone (FT) along with total testosterone levels. We compared different online equations available to estimate FT levels and found a good correlation amongst all algorithms. Estimating FT levels increased diagnostic accuracy of hypogonadism and therefore should be encouraged in clinical practice in PLWH with clinical symptoms of hypogonadism, even when total testosterone levels are normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wu
- 4615Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Orla Hilton
- 4615Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Branca Pereira
- 4615Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, London, UK.,HIV/GUM Directorate, 9762Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Nicolo Girometti
- HIV/GUM Directorate, 9762Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ana Milinkovic
- HIV/GUM Directorate, 9762Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Giangiacomo Ollandini
- Urology Department, 156774Milton Keynes University Hospital, Milton Keynes, UK.,Department of HIV and Sexual Health, 577312King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Marta Boffito
- 4615Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, London, UK.,HIV/GUM Directorate, 9762Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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31
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Breljak D, Micek V, Gerić M, Gajski G, Oguić SK, Rašić D, Karaica D, Madunić IV, Ljubojević M, Orct T, Jurasović J, Jovanović IN, Peraica M, Nanić L, Rubelj I, Sabolić I. Long-term effects of melatonin and resveratrol on aging rats: A multi-biomarker approach. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2022; 876-877:503443. [PMID: 35483776 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2022.503443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aging-related impaired body structure and functions may be, at least partially, caused by elevated oxidative stress. Melatonin (MEL) and resveratrol (RSV) may act as antioxidant and anti-aging compounds, but these actions in experimental animals and humans are controversial. Herein, a rat model of aging was used to study the long-term sex-related effects of MEL and RSV treatment on body mass and blood/plasma parameters of DNA damage, oxidative status (glutathione and malondialdehyde levels), and concentrations of sex hormones. Starting from the age of 3mo, for the next 9mo or 21mo male and female Wistar rats (n = 4-7 per group) were given water to drink (controls) or 0.1 % ethanol in water (vehicle), or MEL or RSV (each 10 mg/L vehicle). DNA damage in whole blood cells was tested by comet assay, whereas in plasma, glutathione, malondialdehyde, and sex hormones were determined by established methods. Using statistical analysis of data by ANOVA/Scheffe post hoc, we observed a similar sex- and aging-dependent rise of body mass in both sexes and drop of plasma testosterone in control and vehicle-treated male rats, whose pattern remained unaffected by MEL and RSV treatment. Compared with controls, all other parameters remained largely unchanged in aging and differently treated male and female rats. We concluded that the sex- and aging-related pattern of growth and various blood parameters in rats were not affected by the long-term treatment with MEL and RSV at the estimated daily doses (300-400 μg/kg b.m.) that exceed usual moderate consumption in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davorka Breljak
- Molecular Toxicology Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Vedran Micek
- Laboratory Animals Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Gerić
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Goran Gajski
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Saša Kralik Oguić
- Clinical Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics, Clinical Hospital Center, Kišpatićeva 12, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dubravka Rašić
- Toxicology Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dean Karaica
- Molecular Toxicology Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Vrhovac Madunić
- Molecular Toxicology Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Ljubojević
- Molecular Toxicology Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tatjana Orct
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasna Jurasović
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Novak Jovanović
- Toxicology Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Peraica
- Toxicology Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lucia Nanić
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivica Rubelj
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Sabolić
- Molecular Toxicology Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
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Janes TA, Ambrozio-Marques D, Fournier S, Joseph V, Soliz J, Kinkead R. Testosterone Supplementation Induces Age-Dependent Augmentation of the Hypoxic Ventilatory Response in Male Rats With Contributions From the Carotid Bodies. Front Physiol 2022; 12:781662. [PMID: 35002764 PMCID: PMC8741195 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.781662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive carotid body responsiveness to O2 and/or CO2/H+ stimuli contributes to respiratory instability and apneas during sleep. In hypogonadal men, testosterone supplementation may increase the risk of sleep-disordered breathing; however, the site of action is unknown. The present study tested the hypothesis that testosterone supplementation potentiates carotid body responsiveness to hypoxia in adult male rats. Because testosterone levels decline with age, we also determined whether these effects were age-dependent. In situ hybridization determined that androgen receptor mRNA was present in the carotid bodies and caudal nucleus of the solitary tract of adult (69 days old) and aging (193–206 days old) male rats. In urethane-anesthetized rats injected with testosterone propionate (2 mg/kg; i.p.), peak breathing frequency measured during hypoxia (FiO2 = 0.12) was 11% greater vs. the vehicle treatment group. Interestingly, response intensity following testosterone treatment was positively correlated with animal age. Exposing ex vivo carotid body preparations from young and aging rats to testosterone (5 nM, free testosterone) 90–120 min prior to testing showed that the carotid sinus nerve firing rate during hypoxia (5% CO2 + 95% N2; 15 min) was augmented in both age groups as compared to vehicle (<0.001% DMSO). Ventilatory measurements performed using whole body plethysmography revealed that testosterone supplementation (2 mg/kg; i.p.) 2 h prior reduced apnea frequency during sleep. We conclude that in healthy rats, age-dependent potentiation of the carotid body’s response to hypoxia by acute testosterone supplementation does not favor the occurrence of apneas but rather appears to stabilize breathing during sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara A Janes
- Department of Physiology, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | | | - Sébastien Fournier
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Vincent Joseph
- Department of Pediatrics, Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jorge Soliz
- Department of Pediatrics, Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Richard Kinkead
- Department of Pediatrics, Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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Wang Y, Fang Y. Tree nut consumption is associated with a lower risk of hyperestrogenism in men. Nutr Res 2021; 98:1-8. [PMID: 35042067 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hyperestrogenism may affect 2% to 8% of men globally. Previous studies indicate that tree nut consumption is associated with sex hormones in women. Whether this is the case in men remains unknown. This study hypothesized that consumption of tree nuts was inversely associated with circulating estradiol and prevalence of hyperestrogenism in men. This cross-sectional study included 3340 men aged ≥20 years from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2013 to 2016. Associations of tree nut consumption with circulating estradiol and prevalence of hyperestrogenism were assessed using weighted linear regression and binary logistic regression, respectively. Among the 3340 men, 207 consumed tree nuts. The mean usual intake of tree nuts among tree nut consumers was 34.2 g/d. Amounts of usual intake of tree nuts were inversely associated with bioavailable estradiol (β = -0.032, P = .037) after adjustment for all confounders. Usual intake of tree nuts of ≥ 30 g/d (vs <30 g/d) or ≥42.52 g/d (vs <42.52 g/d) was associated with a 24% or 7% lower multivariate-adjusted risk of hyperestrogenism, respectively. Further analyses showed that usual intake of tree nuts was positively associated with circulating folate, and the latter was inversely associated with circulating estradiol. In conclusion, higher tree nut consumption was independently associated with lower circulating levels of bioavailable estradiol and a lower risk of hyperestrogenism in men. Further research is needed to verify the effectiveness of using tree nuts to treat hyperestrogenism in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutang Wang
- School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University Australia, Mt Helen, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Yan Fang
- School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University Australia, Mt Helen, Victoria, Australia
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Isenbrandt A, Morissette M, Bourque M, Lamontagne-Proulx J, Coulombe K, Soulet D, Di Paolo T. Effect of sex and gonadectomy on brain MPTP toxicity and response to dutasteride treatment in mice. Neuropharmacology 2021; 201:108784. [PMID: 34555366 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The main neuropathological feature of Parkinson's disease (PD) is degeneration of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN); PD prevalence is higher in men, suggesting a role of sex hormones in neuroprotection. This study sought the effects of sex hormones in the brain in a mouse model of PD and modulation of steroid metabolism/synthesis with the 5α-reductase inhibitor dutasteride shown to protect 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) male mice. Male and female mice were gonadectomized (GDX) or SHAM operated. They were treated with vehicle or dutasteride (5 mg/kg) for 10 days and administered a low dose of MPTP (5.5 mg/kg) or saline on the 5th day to model early PD; brains were collected thereafter. Striatal measures of the active metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) contents showed no difference supporting an effect of the experimental conditions investigated. In SHAM MPTP male mice loss of striatal DA and metabolites, DA transporter (DAT) and vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) specific binding in the striatum and SN was prevented by dutasteride treatment; these changes were inversely correlated with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP, an astrogliosis marker) levels. In SHAM female mice MPTP treatment had little or no effect on striatal and SN DA markers and GFAP levels whereas GDX male and female mice showed a similar loss of striatal DA markers and increase of GFAP. No effect of dutasteride treatment was observed in GDX male and female mice. In conclusion, sex differences in mice MPTP toxicity and response to dutasteride were observed that were lost upon gonadectomy implicating neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Isenbrandt
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Neurosciences, 2705, Boulevard Laurier, Québec, (Québec), G1V4G2, Canada; Faculté de Pharmacie, Pavillon Ferdinand-Vandry, 1050, avenue de la Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, (Québec) G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Marc Morissette
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Neurosciences, 2705, Boulevard Laurier, Québec, (Québec), G1V4G2, Canada
| | - Mélanie Bourque
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Neurosciences, 2705, Boulevard Laurier, Québec, (Québec), G1V4G2, Canada
| | - Jérôme Lamontagne-Proulx
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Neurosciences, 2705, Boulevard Laurier, Québec, (Québec), G1V4G2, Canada; Faculté de Pharmacie, Pavillon Ferdinand-Vandry, 1050, avenue de la Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, (Québec) G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Katherine Coulombe
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Neurosciences, 2705, Boulevard Laurier, Québec, (Québec), G1V4G2, Canada
| | - Denis Soulet
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Neurosciences, 2705, Boulevard Laurier, Québec, (Québec), G1V4G2, Canada; Faculté de Pharmacie, Pavillon Ferdinand-Vandry, 1050, avenue de la Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, (Québec) G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Thérèse Di Paolo
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Neurosciences, 2705, Boulevard Laurier, Québec, (Québec), G1V4G2, Canada; Faculté de Pharmacie, Pavillon Ferdinand-Vandry, 1050, avenue de la Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, (Québec) G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Choi YY, Kim MK, Kwon HC, Kim GH. Safety Monitoring after the BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine among Adults Aged 75 Years or Older. J Korean Med Sci 2021; 36:e318. [PMID: 34811980 PMCID: PMC8608922 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults are given high priority for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination; however, little is known about the safety of vaccines. This study was conducted to examine the safety of the COVID-19 vaccine for people who were ≥ 75 years of age, specifically those who first took two doses of the vaccine at the COVID-19 central vaccination center in South Korea. METHODS Safety monitoring after the BNT162b2 vaccine was conducted in three ways for older adults who received the first dose of the vaccine at our center between April 5 and April 23, 2021. For immediate adverse reactions, every person who was vaccinated was observed for 15-30 minutes after injection at the center. For active surveillance, a telephone interview was conducted for stratified randomly sampled people after 7 days of each vaccination to enquire regarding types of adverse reactions they experienced, and its severity and duration. For passive surveillance, reported adverse event data were collected from the COVID-19 vaccine adverse event following immunization (AEFI) surveillance system-run by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA). The data were then reviewed. RESULTS In total, 2,123 older adults received at least one vaccine dose during the study period. The frequency of acute adverse reactions that developed during the observed 15-30 minutes after injection was 8.5 cases per 1,000 doses. None of the reactions was assessed as acute allergic reactions to the vaccine and no cases required special treatment or drug administration. Overall, 638 people were followed up at least once by telephone interview 7 days post vaccination. The overall response rate was 82.3%. The rates of local reactions were 50.3% after the first dose and 45.2% after the second dose, and the rates of systemic reactions were 15.2% and 26.0%, respectively. During the study period, 23 medically attended adverse events (5.4 cases per 1,000 administered doses) were reported to the KDCA AEFI surveillance system. The most common symptoms of medically attended cases were nonspecific general weakness (26%) and dizziness (26%), followed by muscle pain (22%), headache (13%), fever (13%), and skin rash or urticaria (13%). Among them, there were five serious adverse events reported, which required hospitalization, including one death. However, most of them were not related to the vaccines. CONCLUSION BNT162b2 vaccination was tolerable among adults who were ≥ 75 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Young Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeok Choon Kwon
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gunn Hee Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
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Sumien N, Cunningham JT, Davis DL, Engelland R, Fadeyibi O, Farmer GE, Mabry S, Mensah-Kane P, Trinh OTP, Vann PH, Wilson EN, Cunningham RL. Neurodegenerative Disease: Roles for Sex, Hormones, and Oxidative Stress. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6360925. [PMID: 34467976 PMCID: PMC8462383 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases cause severe impairments in cognitive and motor function. With an increasing aging population and the onset of these diseases between 50 and 70 years, the consequences are bound to be devastating. While age and longevity are the main risk factors for neurodegenerative diseases, sex is also an important risk factor. The characteristic of sex is multifaceted, encompassing sex chromosome complement, sex hormones (estrogens and androgens), and sex hormone receptors. Sex hormone receptors can induce various signaling cascades, ranging from genomic transcription to intracellular signaling pathways that are dependent on the health of the cell. Oxidative stress, associated with aging, can impact the health of the cell. Sex hormones can be neuroprotective under low oxidative stress conditions but not in high oxidative stress conditions. An understudied sex hormone receptor that can induce activation of oxidative stress signaling is the membrane androgen receptor (mAR). mAR can mediate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX)-generated oxidative stress that is associated with several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer disease. Further complicating this is that aging can alter sex hormone signaling. Prior to menopause, women experience more estrogens than androgens. During menopause, this sex hormone profile switches in women due to the dramatic ovarian loss of 17β-estradiol with maintained ovarian androgen (testosterone, androstenedione) production. Indeed, aging men have higher estrogens than aging women due to aromatization of androgens to estrogens. Therefore, higher activation of mAR-NOX signaling could occur in menopausal women compared with aged men, mediating the observed sex differences. Understanding of these signaling cascades could provide therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Sumien
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Center for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - J Thomas Cunningham
- Department of Physiology & Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Delaney L Davis
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Center for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Rachel Engelland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Oluwadarasimi Fadeyibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - George E Farmer
- Department of Physiology & Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Steve Mabry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Paapa Mensah-Kane
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Center for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Oanh T P Trinh
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Center for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Philip H Vann
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Center for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - E Nicole Wilson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Rebecca L Cunningham
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Correspondence: Rebecca L. Cunningham, PhD, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3400 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX, USA, 76107-2699.
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Lock R, Al Asafen H, Fleischer S, Tamargo M, Zhao Y, Radisic M, Vunjak-Novakovic G. A framework for developing sex-specific engineered heart models. NATURE REVIEWS. MATERIALS 2021; 7:295-313. [PMID: 34691764 PMCID: PMC8527305 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-021-00381-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The convergence of tissue engineering and patient-specific stem cell biology has enabled the engineering of in vitro tissue models that allow the study of patient-tailored treatment modalities. However, sex-related disparities in health and disease, from systemic hormonal influences to cellular-level differences, are often overlooked in stem cell biology, tissue engineering and preclinical screening. The cardiovascular system, in particular, shows considerable sex-related differences, which need to be considered in cardiac tissue engineering. In this Review, we analyse sex-related properties of the heart muscle in the context of health and disease, and discuss a framework for including sex-based differences in human cardiac tissue engineering. We highlight how sex-based features can be implemented at the cellular and tissue levels, and how sex-specific cardiac models could advance the study of cardiovascular diseases. Finally, we define design criteria for sex-specific cardiac tissue engineering and provide an outlook to future research possibilities beyond the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Lock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Hadel Al Asafen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Sharon Fleischer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Manuel Tamargo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Yimu Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Milica Radisic
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
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Ho ST, Lin TC, Yeh CC, Cheng KI, Sun WZ, Sung CS, Wen YR, Hsieh YJ, Wang PK, Liu YC, Tsai YC. Gender Differences in Depression and Sex Hormones among Patients Receiving Long-Term Opioid Treatment for Chronic Noncancer Pain in Taiwan-A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18157837. [PMID: 34360130 PMCID: PMC8345700 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18157837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background: Long-term use of opioids for chronic noncancer pain is associated with sex hormone disturbances. The interferences with sex hormones, sexual function, and depression were investigated in patients with chronic noncancer pain. Methods: A cross-sectional multicenter survey was conducted on 170 officially registered outpatients receiving long-term opioid treatment in nine medical centers in Taiwan between October 2018 and July 2019. Serum sex hormone levels were examined after the collection of self-administered questionnaires containing the Taiwanese version of the Brief Pain Inventory, depressive status, and sexual function interference. Results: Among 117 (68.8%) questionnaire responses from 170 enrolled outpatients, 38 women and 62 men completed the sex hormone tests, among whom only 23 (23%) had previously received blood hormone tests. Low serum total testosterone levels were detected in 34 (89.5%) women (<30 ng/dL) and 31 (50%) men (<300 ng/dL). Over 60% of women and men reported reduced sexual desire and function despite a nearly 50% reduction in pain intensity and daily function interference over the previous week after opioid treatment. Women generally had higher risks of a depression diagnosis (p = 0.034) and severe depressive symptoms (p = 0.003) and nonsignificantly lower opioid treatment duration (median 81 vs. 120 months) and morphine milligram equivalent (median 134 vs. 165 mg/day) compared with men. Conclusions: This survey demonstrated the high prevalence of depression diagnosis, low sex hormone levels, and reduced sexual function among Taiwanese patients with chronic noncancer pain receiving prolonged opioid therapy. Regular hypogonadal screenings are recommended for further management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shung-Tai Ho
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (S.-T.H.); (K.-I.C.)
- National Defense Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
| | - Tso-Chou Lin
- National Defense Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
- Correspondence:
| | - Chun-Chang Yeh
- National Defense Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
| | - Kuang-I Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (S.-T.H.); (K.-I.C.)
| | - Wei-Zen Sun
- Health Science & Wellness Center, Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Sung Sung
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan;
| | - Yeong-Ray Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Jer Hsieh
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500209, Taiwan;
| | - Po-Kai Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
| | - Yen-Chin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70403, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Chuan Tsai
- Center of Pain Management, Department of Anesthesiology E-Da Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, I-Shou University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan;
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Wang Y. Tree nut consumption is associated with higher sex hormone-binding globulin levels in premenopausal US women. Nutr Res 2021; 93:61-68. [PMID: 34365198 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Low levels of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) are associated with many diseases including hypertension, diabetes, and polycystic ovarian syndrome. Walnuts increased circulating SHBG in 31 women complicated with polycystic ovarian syndrome. However, whether tree nuts increase SHBG in women in a general population is unknown. It was hypothesized in this study that consumption of tree nuts was positively associated with SHBG levels in women in a general population. This cohort study included 2699 adult women from the 2013- to 2016 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Tree nut consumers were defined as those who consumed tree nuts on either of the 2 24-hours recall days. Associations of tree nut consumption with SHBG were assessed using least squares regression. Among the 2699 women, 234 were consuming tree nuts. The median SHBG concentrations were 67.1 and 59.3 nmol/L among tree nut consumers and non-consumers, respectively. Tree nut consumption was positively associated with circulating SHBG (β = 0.041, P = .018) but not testosterone nor estradiol after adjustment for all tested confounders. Sub-analyses showed that the positive association of tree nuts with SHBG presented in premenopausal women but not in postmenopausal women. Tree nut consumption remained independently associated with higher circulating levels of SHBG in premenopausal women when tree nut consumption was expressed as percentage of energy derived from tree nuts or when tree nut consumption was defined as a tree nut intake of ≥0.25 ounce per day. Future research will verify the effectiveness of using tree nuts to treat low SHBG in premenopausal women in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutang Wang
- School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Australia.
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Nguyen Thanh L, Dam PTM, Nguyen HP, Nguyen TST, To HM, Nguyen HB, Luu NA, Hoang DM. Can Autologous Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation Improve Sexual Function in People with Sexual Functional Deficiency? Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:2153-2163. [PMID: 34129158 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10196-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexual functional deficiency occurs at some point in life and becomes a problematic issue in middle-aged adulthood. Regenerative medicine, especially mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation, has developed extensively, with preclinical and clinical trials emphasizing the benefits of stem cell therapy for restoration of sexual deficiency. This study was designed to develop a new therapeutic stem cell treatment for people with sexual functional deficiency. METHODS Thirty-one patients, including 15 males and 16 females with a medical history of reduced sexual activity, met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the study, phase I/IIa clinical trial with a 12-month follow-up. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (ADSC) were isolated by type I collagenase digestion and cultured at the Stem Cell Core Facility under ISO 14644-1. Each participant received 1 million cells/kg of body weight via the intravenous route. Safety was evaluated by assessing the occurrence of adverse events or severe adverse events. Efficacy was assessed in males by monitoring testosterone levels and administering the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire and in females by monitoring anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), estradiol (E2), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels and administering the Female Sexual Functioning Index (FSFI) questionnaire at baseline and 3-, 6-, and 12-months post-transplantation. RESULTS There was no occurrence of severe adverse events after ADSC administration in our study. Post-transplantation sexual satisfaction was observed in all patients enrolled in this study. Testosterone levels in males increased soon after transplantation and were maintained at high levels for up to 6 months before decreasing again at the 12-month follow-up. No significant changes in AMH, FSH or E2 levels were recorded in female patients. CONCLUSIONS Autologous ADSC infusion is a potential therapeutic option for patients with reduced sexual activity, especially for male patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT03346967, Registered November 20, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liem Nguyen Thanh
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Health Care System, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Phuong T M Dam
- Vinmec Hightech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoang-Phuong Nguyen
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Health Care System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tan-Sinh Thi Nguyen
- Vinmec Times City International Hospital, 458 Minh Khai Street, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huong Minh To
- Vinmec Times City International Hospital, 458 Minh Khai Street, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hung Ba Nguyen
- Vinmec Times City International Hospital, 458 Minh Khai Street, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc-Anh Luu
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Health Care System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duc M Hoang
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Health Care System, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Jianshu C, Qiongying W, Ying P, Ningyin L, Junchen H, Jing Y. Association of free androgen index and sex hormone-binding globulin and left ventricular hypertrophy in postmenopausal hypertensive women. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2021; 23:1413-1419. [PMID: 34105885 PMCID: PMC8678740 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between androgen and LVH in postmenopausal hypertensive women. Enrolled in this study were 378 postmenopausal hypertensive women who were admitted to the department of cardiology between December 2018 and December 2020. According to left ventricular mass index (LVMI) evaluated by echocardiography, the patients were divided into LVH group (n = 172) and non‐LVH group (n = 206). Their clinical characteristics were collected. Based on the result of propensity score matching analysis, 160 cases in each group were matched successfully. After correcting for confounding factors by various models, the results showed that free androgen index (FAI) and sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG) were the influencing factors of LVH in postmenopausal women with hypertension. Patients with elevated SHBG were 5% less likely to develop LVH than those without elevated SHBG (OR: 0.950, 95% CI 0.922‐1.578). Postmenopausal hypertensive patients with elevated FAI were 16% more likely to have LVH than those without elevated FAI (OR: 1.608, 95% CI 0.807‐3.202). Multiple linear regression showed that LVMI increased by 61.82g/m2 for every 1 unit increase in FAI. In addition, SHBG decreased by 1 nmol/l, and LVMI increased by 0.177g/m2. Subgroup analysis showed that patients in the controlled BP group had a lower risk of LVH for every additional unit of SHBG compared with the uncontrolled BP group. The risk of LVH for each additional unit of FAI in the uncontrolled BP group was higher than that in the controlled BP group. The results of this present study showed that the occurrence of LVH was positively correlated with FAI and negatively correlated with SHBG in postmenopausal women with hypertension. The increase in FAI level and the decrease in SHBG level may be related to the occurrence and development of LVH in postmenopausal hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Jianshu
- Lanzhou University Second College of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wang Qiongying
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pei Ying
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Li Ningyin
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Han Junchen
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yu Jing
- Lanzhou University Second College of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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de Gruijter NM, Naja M, Peckham H, Radziszewska A, Kinsella M, Glenister J, Rosser EC, Butler GE, Jury EC, Ciurtin C. A systematic review exploring the bidirectional relationship between puberty and autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2021; 19:47. [PMID: 33781271 PMCID: PMC8008606 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-021-00528-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) are associated with a significant sex-bias, which becomes more evident post-puberty. This systematic review aims to elucidate the bidirectional relationship between puberty and ARD-related outcomes. METHODS Studies published in English until October 2019 were identified using a systematic search of endocrinology and rheumatology literature. Information was extracted on study design, sample size, demographics, puberty outcome measures, disease outcome measures, and main findings. The methodological quality of the studies included was analysed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). RESULTS Sixteen non-randomised studies reporting on the impact of puberty on ARD outcomes (n = 7), ARD impact on puberty-related outcomes (n = 8), or both (n = 1) have been identified. The impact of puberty on ARD outcomes were investigated in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)-associated uveitis (n = 1), juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) (n = 5) or in healthy controls who developed adult-onset SLE (n = 1) or had non-specific symptoms (n = 1). The impact of ARD on puberty outcomes was explored in JIA (n = 4) and JSLE (n = 3). Quality assessment of studies showed a small to moderate risk of bias overall (NOS 4-9/9). Due to large heterogeneity of the studies it was not possible to perform a meta-analysis. Multiple studies reported on delayed puberty in patients with JIA/JSLE, menstrual and hormonal abnormalities, and lower height and weight than controls. Earlier (pre-pubertal) onset of JSLE was correlated with more severe disease and more need for systemic treatment. CONCLUSION A bidirectional relationship exists between puberty and ARDs; however, more and better research is required to elucidate the complexity of this relationship. We propose puberty-related clinical assessments in patients with ARDs, which can improve patient outcomes and facilitate future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina M de Gruijter
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis, Department of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Building, London, W1CE 6JF, UK
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Meena Naja
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis, Department of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Building, London, W1CE 6JF, UK
| | - Hannah Peckham
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis, Department of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Building, London, W1CE 6JF, UK
| | - Anna Radziszewska
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis, Department of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Building, London, W1CE 6JF, UK
| | | | | | - Elizabeth C Rosser
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis, Department of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Building, London, W1CE 6JF, UK
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gary E Butler
- Department of Paediatric & Adolescent Medicine and Endocrinology, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust; University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth C Jury
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Coziana Ciurtin
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis, Department of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Building, London, W1CE 6JF, UK.
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Baksi S, Pradhan A. Thyroid hormone: sex-dependent role in nervous system regulation and disease. Biol Sex Differ 2021; 12:25. [PMID: 33685490 PMCID: PMC7971120 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-021-00367-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone (TH) regulates many functions including metabolism, cell differentiation, and nervous system development. Alteration of thyroid hormone level in the body can lead to nervous system-related problems linked to cognition, visual attention, visual processing, motor skills, language, and memory skills. TH has also been associated with neuropsychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, anxiety, and depression. Males and females display sex-specific differences in neuronal signaling. Steroid hormones including testosterone and estrogen are considered to be the prime regulators for programing the neuronal signaling in a male- and female-specific manner. However, other than steroid hormones, TH could also be one of the key signaling molecules to regulate different brain signaling in a male- and female-specific manner. Thyroid-related diseases and neurological diseases show sex-specific incidence; however, the molecular mechanisms behind this are not clear. Hence, it will be very beneficial to understand how TH acts in male and female brains and what are the critical genes and signaling networks. In this review, we have highlighted the role of TH in nervous system regulation and disease outcome and given special emphasis on its sex-specific role in male and female brains. A network model is also presented that provides critical information on TH-regulated genes, signaling, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shounak Baksi
- Causality Biomodels, Kerala Technology Innovation Zone, Cochin, 683503, India
| | - Ajay Pradhan
- Biology, The Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-701 82, Örebro, Sweden.
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De Vincentis S, Tartaro G, Rochira V, Santi D. HIV and Sexual Dysfunction in Men. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10051088. [PMID: 33807833 PMCID: PMC7961513 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10051088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual issues tend to go unaddressed in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) management, although overt sexual dysfunctions are more prevalent in people living with HIV than uninfected people. Erectile dysfunction is the most frequent sexual problem, with a prevalence of 30–50% even in men <40 years of age, but other issues such as loss of libido and ejaculatory disorders should not be overlooked. Peculiar factors related to HIV infection (e.g., fear of virus transmission, changes in body image, HIV-related comorbidities, HIV distress and stigma), alongside classical factors non-related to HIV, should be considered when approaching sexual problems in HIV patients. For this reason, the diagnostic and therapeutic workout of sexual dysfunction in the context of HIV requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving specialists in both infectious diseases and sexual medicine. This narrative review presents an overview of current knowledge on sexual dysfunction in HIV men, deepening the factors driving and taking part in these issues, providing advice for the clinical approach, and underlining the importance of caring for sexual health to improve the quality of life of HIV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara De Vincentis
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy; (S.D.V.); (G.T.); (D.S.)
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, 41126 Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Tartaro
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy; (S.D.V.); (G.T.); (D.S.)
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, 41126 Modena, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Rochira
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy; (S.D.V.); (G.T.); (D.S.)
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, 41126 Modena, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-059-396-2453; Fax: +39-059-396-1335
| | - Daniele Santi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy; (S.D.V.); (G.T.); (D.S.)
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, 41126 Modena, Italy
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Abstract
Over the past two decades several large cohort studies have been performed to disclose the changes of sex hormone in elderly and their clinical significance. Beyond the decline of total testosterone, aging is accompanied by a sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) increase, a steeper free testosterone decline, while gonadotropins may be increased or inappropriately normal, with important contribution of comorbidities (e.g., obesity) to these changes. Actually, it has become firm the concept that the biochemical finding of testosterone deficiency alone is not sufficient for diagnosing hypogonadism in older men. The definition of late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) includes low serum testosterone levels coupled with signs and symptoms related to hypogonadism. Indeed, the combination of multiple factors all contributing to the testosterone decline, with other concurrent comorbidities further overlapping, makes the clinical correlates of LOH highly heterogeneous. For all these reasons both the diagnosis and the therapeutic management of LOH, especially the decision about starting testosterone replacement treatment, remain challenging.
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Rył A, Miazgowski T, Szylińska A, Turoń-Skrzypińska A, Jurewicz A, Bohatyrewicz A, Rotter I. Bone Health in Aging Men: Does Zinc and Cuprum Level Matter? Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020237. [PMID: 33567585 PMCID: PMC7915903 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the associations of serum and bone zinc (Zn) and cuprum (Cu) with bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC), markers of bone turnover, and sex hormones. The study group comprised 144 men treated with total hip replacement due to hip osteoarthritis. We measured total, free, and bioavailable testosterone, estradiol, and sex-hormone-binding globulin (sex hormones), as well as parathyroid hormone, osteocalcin, carboxy terminal collagen crosslinks, and N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (markers of bone turnover). Total body BMD, BMC, total and visceral fat, and appendicular skeletal mass (ASM) were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. ASM index, and total and visceral fat were positively correlated with BMD. Bone Zn correlated neither with sex hormones nor with bone turnover markers; however, it was positively associated both with BMD and with BMC, while bone Cu (as opposed to serum Cu) was not. In multiple regression, the ASM index, Zn/Cu ratio (in both the serum and the bone), and serum Cu concentration were significantly associated with BMD and BMC after adjustment for age and body mass index (BMI). Our results suggest that the Zn/Cu ratio in both the serum and the bone may exert a significant positive effect on total BMD and BMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Rył
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (A.S.); (A.T.-S.); (I.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Tomasz Miazgowski
- Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases and Arterial Hypertension, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Szylińska
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (A.S.); (A.T.-S.); (I.R.)
| | - Agnieszka Turoń-Skrzypińska
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (A.S.); (A.T.-S.); (I.R.)
| | - Alina Jurewicz
- Department of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Orthopedic Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (A.J.); (A.B.)
| | - Andrzej Bohatyrewicz
- Department of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Orthopedic Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (A.J.); (A.B.)
| | - Iwona Rotter
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (A.S.); (A.T.-S.); (I.R.)
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Chawla N, Verma S, Ganesh R, Sarkar S, Ambekar A. Sexual relationship, self-esteem, dysfunction, and sexual satisfaction in treatment naïve men with heroin dependence. J Psychoactive Drugs 2021; 53:364-372. [PMID: 33441051 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2020.1870779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Heroin use, a prevalent and disabling condition, affects sexual functioning and the sexual quality of life. While there is adequate literature on sexual dysfunction with heroin use, the literature is scarce on the emotional aspects of sex, like the perception of sexual relationship, self-esteem, and satisfaction amongst heroin users. The study assessed these parameters among treatment-naïve, sexually active, married, male patients with heroin dependence. We interviewed 63 treatment-naïve men seeking treatment for heroin dependence using Self-esteem and Relationship Questionnaire (SEAR), New Sexual Satisfaction Scale-Short form (NSSS-S), Sexual Quality of Life Questionnaire-Male (SQoL-M), Index of Premature Ejaculation (IPE), and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). Overall scores in SEAR, NSSS-S, SQoL-M, IIEF, and IPE were low, suggesting poor self-esteem and relationship, poor sexual quality of life and sexual satisfaction, higher premature ejaculation, and erectile dysfunction. Injecting drug use was associated with lower scores on confidence domain of SEAR, partner activity focused domain of NSSS-S, intercourse-satisfaction, and overall sexual quality of life. Sexual dysfunctions, poor sexual relationship, and sexual quality of life are common among men seeking treatment for heroin dependence. Treatment strategies must not lose focus on this dimension of health during the treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishtha Chawla
- NDDTC & Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Suraj Verma
- NDDTC & Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ragul Ganesh
- NDDTC & Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Siddharth Sarkar
- NDDTC & Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Atul Ambekar
- NDDTC & Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Santa Rosa Malcher CM, Roberto da Silva Gonçalves Oliveira K, Fernandes Caldato MC, Lopes Dos Santos Lobato B, da Silva Pedroso J, de Tubino Scanavino M. Sexual Disorders and Quality of Life in Parkinson's Disease. Sex Med 2021; 9:100280. [PMID: 33429240 PMCID: PMC7930860 DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2020.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sexual disorders are the most neglected nonmotor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). Although doctors seek greater priority to motor manifestations, which are the basis for the diagnosis of PD, the nonmotor symptoms deserve to be highlighted as much as the motor problems because of their strong presence and discomfort in the patients, causing the important impairment in the quality of life (QoL) of the individual with PD. Aim Provide the prevalence of sexual disorders among patients with PD and alert the medical profession to investigate and be familiar with problems related to QoL and sexual disorders in PD. Methods This is a large literature review on sexual disorders in PD and impaired QoL. Main Outcome Measures Sexual disorders in PD and prevalence between genders have been described in epidemiological studies. Neuroanatomy, pathophysiology, risk factors, QoL, and etiologies were reviewed. Results The estimate of the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in the form of compulsive sexual behavior in PD is higher in men by 5.2% than in women by 0.5%. This diagnosis is a determinant of intense and persistent suffering and is related to several health problems of a social, economic, personal, family, psychological, and occupational nature, which can even culminate in sexual abuse. It is most commonly associated with the use of drugs commonly used in PD therapy in 98.1% of cases. In addition to this serious public health problem, another common condition of sexual dysfunction occur with the decreased libido by loss of the neurotransmitter dopamine proper of the pathophysiology of PD. Conclusion The presence of sexual disorders in PD should be tracked and monitored because of its harmful consequences, whether due to increased sexual behavior or associated psychological distress, as well as the impacts on QoL. Early recognition and adequate treatment of PD in its fullness and richness of associated symptoms are essential for improving QoL. Santa Rosa Malcher CM, Roberto da Silva Gonçalves Oliveira K, Fernandes Caldato MC, et al. Sexual Disorders and Quality of Life in Parkinson's Disease. Sex Med 2021;9:100280.
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Ayele HT, Brunetti VC, Renoux C, Tagalakis V, Filion KB. Testosterone replacement therapy and the risk of venous thromboembolism: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Thromb Res 2021; 199:123-131. [PMID: 33486321 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2020.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The cardiovascular safety of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is controversial. While several studies have investigated the association between TRT and the risk of arterial thrombosis, limited information is available regarding its risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We aimed to compare the risk of VTE in men randomized to TRT versus placebo or active-comparator in a systematic review. METHODS We searched Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, CENTRAL, and clinical trial registries to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing TRT to placebo in men aged ≥18 years. We assessed study quality using the Cochrane Risk of Bias assessment tool and the overall quality of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria. Data were pooled across RCTs using random-effects models. RESULTS A total of 13 RCTs (n = 5050) were included in our meta-analysis. In all, 2636 men were randomized to testosterone, and 2414 men to placebo. Sample sizes ranged from 101 to 790 men, and TRT duration from 3 to 36 months. Five studies had a high risk of bias, largely driven by unclear randomization and outcome assessment. When data were pooled across RCTs, testosterone therapy was not associated with VTE compared with placebo (RR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.49-2.14; I2: 0%; low-quality evidence). Similar estimates were obtained for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Our systematic review suggests that TRT is not associated with an increased risk of VTE. However, estimates were accompanied by a wide 95% CIs, and a clinically important increased risk cannot be ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henok Tadesse Ayele
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada; Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Cote Ste-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada.
| | - Vanessa C Brunetti
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada; Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Cote Ste-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada.
| | - Christel Renoux
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada; Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Cote Ste-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Vicky Tagalakis
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada; Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Cote Ste-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada.
| | - Kristian B Filion
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada; Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Cote Ste-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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50
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James BD, Guerin P, Allen JB. Let's Talk About Sex-Biological Sex Is Underreported in Biomaterial Studies. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001034. [PMID: 33043626 PMCID: PMC7791002 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Precision medicine aims to better individualize healthcare. It requires that biomaterials be designed for the physiological characteristics of a specific patient. To make this a reality, biomaterials research and development must address differences of biological sex. More specifically, biomaterials should be designed with properties optimized and appropriate for male and female patients. In analyzing research articles from seven prominent biomaterials journals, sex as a biological variable is missing from an overwhelming majority of in vitro biomaterial studies. From the survey, the reporting of the sex of primary cell cultures happened only 10.3% of the time. Contributing to this trend is that commercial vendors bias cell lines toward one sex or another by not disclosing information of cell line sex at the time of purchase; researchers do not communicate this pertinent information in published studies; and many journal policies have little to no requirements for reporting cell line characteristics. Omitting this valuable information leads to a gap in the understanding of sex-specific cell-biomaterial interactions and it creates a bias in research findings towards one sex or another. To curb this concerning trend and make precision biomaterials a reality will require the biomaterials field to "talk about sex" by reporting cell sex more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan D James
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, 206 Rhines Hall, PO Box 116400, Gainesville, FL, 32611-6400, USA
| | - Paxton Guerin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, 206 Rhines Hall, PO Box 116400, Gainesville, FL, 32611-6400, USA
| | - Josephine B Allen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, 206 Rhines Hall, PO Box 116400, Gainesville, FL, 32611-6400, USA
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