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Baglivo F, De Angelis L, Magrì M, De Nicola I, De Vita E, Lopalco PL, Rizzo C, Fedele A. The impact of COVID-19 vaccination campaign on pediatric vaccine uptake based on parents' attitudes towards mandatory and recommended vaccination in Southern Italy. Vaccine 2024; 42:3615-3620. [PMID: 38704254 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.04.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study investigates the association between parental attitudes towards mandatory and recommended vaccines in the National Immunization Plan (NIP) of Italy and their acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine in children aged 5-11 years. METHODS Using data from approximately 42,000 children in Southern Italy, parental attitudes towards previous vaccinations were examined. Mandatory and recommended vaccinations were considered for the analysis, with the first shot of each schedule being considered relevant, regardless of when it was administered or whether the recommended number of doses was administered. A multivariate logistic regression was performed to analyze associations between the covariates of age, sex, adherence to mandatory vaccinations, number of recommended vaccinations, and COVID-19 vaccination. RESULTS The COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate was 50.7% in our sample. We revealed a strong association between parental attitudes towards previous vaccinations and the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. Mandatory vaccinations under the NIP showed the highest acceptance rates, and among non-mandatory vaccines, the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine had the highest acceptance rate, potentially due to its co-administration with the hexavalent vaccine. The study identified a trend of lower COVID-19 vaccine coverage in younger children. CONCLUSIONS The study underscores the importance of co-administration approaches and well-planned vaccination schedules in enhancing vaccine coverage. It suggests that integrating newer vaccines, like the COVID-19 vaccine, into established vaccination schedules could potentially increase acceptance and coverage. The findings highlight the urgency of addressing vaccine hesitancy, particularly in the pediatric population, to ensure high vaccination coverage and effective disease control. Further research is needed to explore the potential strategies to increase vaccine acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Baglivo
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Luigi De Angelis
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mariano Magrì
- Prevention Department Local Health Authority-Lecce, Lecce, Italy
| | - Ingrid De Nicola
- Prevention Department Local Health Authority-Lecce, Lecce, Italy
| | - Erica De Vita
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Caterina Rizzo
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alberto Fedele
- Prevention Department Local Health Authority-Lecce, Lecce, Italy
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Okyay RA, Kaya E, Erdoğan A. Vaccine refusal in pregnant women in Kahramanmaraş: a community-based study from Türkiye. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17409. [PMID: 38784396 PMCID: PMC11114108 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The global health landscape is increasingly challenged by the rejection of childhood vaccines. This study investigates vaccination reservations and refusal among pregnant women. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye, spanning January to March 2019, entailing face to face interviews with 938 pregnant women. The questionnaire collected sociodemographic data and probed vaccination attitudes. The decision to vaccinate the baby was treated as the dependent variable, analyzed alongside sociodemographic factors and other variables. Data underwent evaluation via descriptive analysis, the Chi-square test, and binary logistic regression. Results Participants had a mean age of 27.6 years. Among them 20 (2.1%) expressed intent to either abstain from or partially vaccinate their babies, with 70% citing apprehensions regarding potential vaccine-related harm. Statistical analysis unveiled that higher economic income, elevated parental education level, fewer than two children, reliance on the Internet for vaccination information, and a lack of trust in physicians significantly correlated with vaccine refusal among pregnant women (p < 0.05). Conclusions The study concludes that dissemination of vaccination information by the healthcare professionals, complemented by the enactment of pro-vaccine internet policies holds promise in shaping vaccination behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erhan Kaya
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye
| | - Ayşegül Erdoğan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye
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Zayoud D, Haddad C, Khachman D, Ajrouche R, Lahoud N. Estimating COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in pregnant and lactating women: a cross-sectional study in Lebanon. Arch Public Health 2024; 82:38. [PMID: 38500217 PMCID: PMC10949662 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-024-01267-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic highlights vaccination's critical role in reducing morbidity and mortality, depending on public attitude. This study aims to identify the estimates of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in pregnant and lactating women, as well as associated potential factors. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted between August and September 2021, through an online survey and with a paper survey distributed in gynecology and pediatric clinics. Pregnant and breastfeeding women aged 18 years and above were recruited. The attitude scale was created specifically for evaluating attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine. RESULTS In total, 207 women participated, with 132 breastfeeding, 74 pregnant and 1 experiencing both conditions. Of these, one hundred and twenty women (58%) considered themselves at risk for COVID-19 infection. In addition, 51.7% (n = 107) of women expressed the intent to receive the vaccine once available. A multivariable linear regression was conducted taking the COVID-19 vaccination attitude scale as a dependent variable. The results revealed an R-squared value of 0.558, indicating that approximately 55.8% of the variance in the attitude scale was accounted for by the included predictors. The results showed that preventive measures (ß=2.25, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) [1.02; 3.48], p < 0.001), preference for vaccines made in Europe and America (ß=1.23; 95% CI [0.69-1.77], p < 0.001), protect yourself for getting sick (ß=4.22, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) [2.83; 5.61], p < 0.001) and belief in the importance of vaccination for themselves and their baby (ß=3.49; 95% CI [2.01; 4.98], p < 0.001) were associated with a positive attitude towards vaccination. Conversely, experiencing a previous bad reaction to a vaccine (ß= -1.35; 95% CI [0.85-1.85], p < 0.001) and concerns regarding COVID-19 vaccine safety (ß= -4.09; 95% CI [-5.98; -2.21], p < 0.001) were associated with a negative attitude towards vaccination. CONCLUSION Our findings reveal that COVID-19 vaccine acceptability among pregnant and breastfeeding women, amidst the pandemic was insufficient to meet community immunity. The identified reasons for vaccine reluctance, notably concerns about safety for both personal health and the health of their pregnancy or newborns, along with insufficient information about the vaccine, underscore the pressing need to address these factors to improve immunization rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Zayoud
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon.
- Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon.
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon.
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, P.O. Box 60096, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.
| | - Dalia Khachman
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Roula Ajrouche
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Sciences and Arts in Lebanon, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nathalie Lahoud
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon
- Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
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La Fauci G, Soldà G, Di Valerio Z, Salussolia A, Montalti M, Scognamiglio F, Capodici A, Fantini MP, Larson HJ, Leask J, Gori D, Lenzi J. Rates and determinants of Rotavirus vaccine uptake among children in Italy: a cross-sectional study within the 2022 OBVIOUS* project. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:770. [PMID: 38475736 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18154-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The World Health Organization defines rotavirus as among the most severe causes of viral gastroenteritis affecting children under 5 year old. Italy and other European countries do not release disaggregated data on rotavirus vaccination coverage. This study aimed to assess the uptake and drivers of rotavirus vaccination in Italy. METHODS We administered a survey to 10,000 Italian citizens recruited via an online panel and proportionate to key demographic strata. We examined rotavirus vaccine uptake among parents whose youngest child was aged 6 weeks to 4 years, their sociodemographic characteristics, their beliefs about vaccine administration, and who recommended the rotavirus vaccination. RESULTS A total of 711 respondents met the inclusion criteria for the rotavirus vaccine questionnaire. The uptake was estimated at 60.3% nationwide (66.4% among mothers and 50.2% among fathers). Being a mother and living in cities/suburbs was significantly associated with a higher likelihood of vaccine uptake, while fathers were more likely to be uncertain of their children's vaccine status. Living in Central Italy and having friends/relatives opposed to vaccination were found to be significantly associated with a lower likelihood of vaccine uptake, while parents' education level and children's demographics were not found to correlate with any outcomes. In 90.3% of cases, the rotavirus vaccination was recalled as being recommended by a paediatrician. CONCLUSIONS Consistent collection of behavioural preferences and socioeconomic characteristics of recipients of rotavirus vaccine campaigns, their epidemiological information, cost-benefit, and national policy data are crucial for designing effective vaccination strategies in Italy and other European countries with similar social profiles to reach the target uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusy La Fauci
- Unit of Hygiene, Public Health and Medical Statistics, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgia Soldà
- Unit of Hygiene, Public Health and Medical Statistics, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Zeno Di Valerio
- Unit of Hygiene, Public Health and Medical Statistics, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Aurelia Salussolia
- Unit of Hygiene, Public Health and Medical Statistics, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Montalti
- Unit of Hygiene, Public Health and Medical Statistics, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Scognamiglio
- Unit of Hygiene, Public Health and Medical Statistics, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Angelo Capodici
- Unit of Hygiene, Public Health and Medical Statistics, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Fantini
- Unit of Hygiene, Public Health and Medical Statistics, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Heidi J Larson
- Institute for Health Metrics & Evaluation (IHME), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, UK
| | - Julie Leask
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Davide Gori
- Unit of Hygiene, Public Health and Medical Statistics, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jacopo Lenzi
- Unit of Hygiene, Public Health and Medical Statistics, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
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Didem HY, Ülfiye Ç, Miraç Ç, Safiye TS, Pelin SS, Cem YA, Hatice U, Galip E. The frequency and determinants of vaccine hesitancy among parents of preschool and kindergarten students in Edirne central district. J Pediatr Nurs 2024; 74:e38-e44. [PMID: 37980235 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSES The aim of our study is to determine the frequency of vaccine hesitancy and the associated factors among parents with preschool children in a city center. DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study among parents of preschool children in the central district of Edirne. The cluster sampling method was applied. The data collection tools consisted of a questionnaire designed by the researchers and The Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines (PACV) Scale. The correlations between vaccine hesitancy among parents factos such as the vaccine's content, adverse effects, religious beliefs, media coverage, reliance on community leaders, and the usage of complementary and alternative medical methods were examined. RESULTS The study group consisted of 315 individuals and the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy among participants was determined to be 13%. The mean PACV scale score of the parents was 29.76 ± 16.62. According to multivariate analyses, the odds ratios (%95 CI) of variables that were statistically significantly associated with parental vaccine hesitancy were as follows: being a mother 8.77 (1.02-75.07), vaccine side effects 2.91 (0.93-9.16), low/equal income level 6.80 (2.45-18.86), low/high income level 5.74 (1.65-20.0), religious reasons 3.33 (1.34-8.25), and media influence 9.53 (3.75-24.18). CONCLUSION Overall, vaccine hesitancy was observed at one in every 7 parents in the central district of Edirne province, and the main determinants of hesitancy were low-income status, media influence and religious beliefs, advers effects and being mother. Community-based intervention programs should be established to combat vaccine hesitancy. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS The PACV scale is recommended for detecting community-based vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yekdeş Didem
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Türkiye.
| | - Çelikkalp Ülfiye
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Türkiye.
| | - Çağlayan Miraç
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Türkiye.
| | - Takır Stewart Safiye
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Türkiye.
| | - Sarı Serin Pelin
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Türkiye.
| | - Yekdeş Ali Cem
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Türkiye.
| | | | - Ekuklu Galip
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Türkiye.
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Bianchi FP, Stefanizzi P, Cuscianna E, Riformato G, Di Lorenzo A, Giordano P, Germinario CA, Tafuri S. COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy among Italian parents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2171185. [PMID: 36698309 PMCID: PMC10012888 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2171185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In May 2021, the Italian government extended the COVID-19 vaccination campaign to 12- to 18-year-old subjects and, starting December 2021, vaccines were also offered to children between 5 and 11 years-old. Despite these efforts, suboptimal vaccination coverages are reported. The purpose of this review is to estimate the proportion of parents/caregivers of children and adolescents expressing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Italy. The vaccine hesitation rate among parents of minors was 55.1% (95%CI: 43.8-66.1%). A higher value was evidenced in studies focusing on children (59.9%; 95%CI = 43.7-75.1%) compared to the ones focusing on adolescents (51.3%; 95%CI = 34.5-68.0%). The main reasons for unwillingness were the belief that the vaccine was unsafe or ineffective, fear of adverse events, and considering COVID-19 a non-threatening disease. The implementation of effective communication campaigns and health educational programs on safe pediatric vaccinations is essential to support strategies to bolster vaccination confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pasquale Stefanizzi
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Aldo Moro University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Eustachio Cuscianna
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Aldo Moro University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Giacomo Riformato
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Aldo Moro University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Lorenzo
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Aldo Moro University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Giordano
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Aldo Moro University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Silvio Tafuri
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Aldo Moro University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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Miras AP, Regencia ZJG, Baja ES. 'I was terrified for my child': understanding the link between the Dengvaxia® controversy and the measles vaccine hesitancy in Pasay City, Philippines. J Public Health (Oxf) 2023; 45:912-918. [PMID: 37340460 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdad091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Dengvaxia® (dengue vaccine) controversy has been identified as one of the main reasons for the measles vaccine hesitancy in the Philippines. Our study aimed to identify various issues related to the Dengvaxia® controversy and to link these issues with the social perspective of measles vaccine refusal. METHODS Semi-structured interviews and a focus group discussion using ethnography research were conducted with 41 parents and healthcare workers in Pasay City. Using Victor Turner's Social Drama Theory, our study identified existing social issues relating to the different angles of the Dengvaxia® controversy and the measles vaccine hesitancy. RESULTS Misinformation on the failed Dengvaxia® rollout implementation has challenged the fundamental understanding of the importance of immunization programs. Our findings on vaccine hesitancy in the community showed a complex problem with compounded factors, including medical populism, moral panics and other social views. We described how Pasay City's clinic waiting room became a significantly important scenario where individuals often discuss information, concerns and experiences on vaccines and vaccine hesitancy. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that the Dengvaxia® controversy may reduce the measles vaccination confidence in the Philippines. Lack of transparency played a crucial role in this dilemma, producing a cascading effect on the other vaccines' safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Perez Miras
- Department of Social and Political Sciences, College of Business, Arts and Social Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, LDN UB8 3PH, UK
- Kingston Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, Kingston upon Thames KT2 7QB, UK
| | - Zypher Jude G Regencia
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines-Manila, Pedro Gil Street, Ermita, Manila 1000 Philippines
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines-Manila, Pedro Gil Street, Ermita, Manila 1000 Philippines
| | - Emmanuel S Baja
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines-Manila, Pedro Gil Street, Ermita, Manila 1000 Philippines
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines-Manila, Pedro Gil Street, Ermita, Manila 1000 Philippines
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Iova CF, Badau D, Daina MD, Șuteu CL, Daina LG. Knowledge, Attitudes, Intentions and Vaccine Hesitancy among Postpartum Mothers in a Region from the Northwest of Romania. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1736. [PMID: 38140141 PMCID: PMC10747489 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11121736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to identify the presence of vaccine hesitancy and the factors that could have determined it in a group of mothers in the postpartum period, with an evaluation of both the level of knowledge and information, as well as the attitudes, perceptions, intentions and sources of information about vaccination. The study was based on a survey-Vaccine Hesitancy Identification Survey-applied in two maternity wards from Bihor County and structured into six subscales (34 items). Based on the answers to the key questions ("Which of the following statements best describes your plans for vaccinating your child?"-item 1 of subscale 4; "Overall, how hesitant do you consider yourself to be about vaccinating your child?"-item 4 of subscale 4), we identified two groups: the group of mothers without hesitant behavior (non-hesitant), called the group pro vaccine (GPV), and the group of mothers with hesitant behavior, called the group non vaccine (GNV). Vaccine hesitancy was identified in our study in 47.28% of the participants (191 of the 404 mothers included). Most of them come from an urban environment (57.59%), have university and post-secondary education (58.64%) and are prim parous (58.64%). The behavior of participants from GNV is influenced by a low level of knowledge and information regarding vaccination and by concerns related to adverse reactions, new vaccines and the number of vaccines administered. Also, this group is characterized by an increased perception of the risks related to vaccination, while the perception of the risks associated with the disease is low. For all subscales, important differences were registered between the two groups in favor of GPV, a group characterized by positive attitudes and perceptions and a better level of knowledge compared to GNV. This study aims to represent a starting point for the organization and running of information campaigns regarding vaccination at the level of Bihor County, especially in areas with low vaccination coverage, where this behavior is identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Florina Iova
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Doctoral School, University of Oradea, 1 December Sq., 410081 Oradea, Romania (M.D.D.)
| | - Dana Badau
- Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University, 500068 Brasov, Romania
| | - Mădălina Diana Daina
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Doctoral School, University of Oradea, 1 December Sq., 410081 Oradea, Romania (M.D.D.)
| | - Corina Lacramioara Șuteu
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Recovery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1 December Sq., 410081 Oradea, Romania (L.G.D.)
| | - Lucia Georgeta Daina
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Recovery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1 December Sq., 410081 Oradea, Romania (L.G.D.)
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9
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Lyu Y, Lai X, Ma Y, Fang H. Factors associated with recommendation behaviors of four non-National Immunization Program vaccines: a cross-sectional survey among public health workers in China. Infect Dis Poverty 2023; 12:91. [PMID: 37805654 PMCID: PMC10559509 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-023-01142-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunization is a crucial preventive measure to safeguard children under five years old against a range of diseases. In China, the coverage rate of non-National Immunization Program (non-NIP) vaccines can be improved by leveraging the recommendation from public health workers. Hence, understanding the influencing factors of recommendation behaviors assume paramount importance. This study aims to investigate influencing factors of public health workers' recommendation behaviors towards non-NIP vaccines, with a particular emphasis on financial incentives. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a multi-stage sampling method in 2019 from August to October. 627 public health workers were recruited from 148 community healthcare centers in ten provincial-level administrative divisions in China. An anonymous questionnaire was used to collect demographic information, attitudes towards vaccination, and recommendation behaviors towards non-NIP vaccines, including Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, varicella vaccine, and rotavirus vaccine. Descriptive analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were adopted in this study. RESULTS Of the 610 public health workers with complete survey data, 53.8%, 57.4%, 84.1%, and 54.1% often recommended Hib vaccine, pneumococcal pneumonia vaccine (PCV), varicella vaccine, and rotavirus vaccine, respectively. Logistic regression revealed that gender (Hib vaccine: OR = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2-0.8; PCV: OR = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2-0.8; rotavirus vaccine: OR = 0.3, 95% CI: 0.2-0.6), financial incentives for non-NIP vaccination (Hib vaccine: OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1-3.6; PCV: OR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.1-3.9; rotavirus vaccine: OR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.1-3.8) and perception of vaccine safety (Hib vaccine: OR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.1-7.0; PCV: OR = 3.2, 95% CI: 1.2-8.0; rotavirus vaccine: OR = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.2-7.7) were associated with public health workers' recommendation towards Hib vaccine, PCV and rotavirus vaccine. CONCLUSIONS The findings highlighted public health workers' recommendation behaviors of non-NIP vaccines in China and revealed strong association between vaccine recommendation and financial incentives. This highlights the importance of financial incentives in public health workers' recommendation toward non-NIP vaccines in China. Proper incentives are recommended for public health workers to encourage effective health promotion in immunization practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Lyu
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaozhen Lai
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Health Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yidi Ma
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hai Fang
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Peking University Health Science Center-Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Joint Research Center for Vaccine Economics, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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10
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Iqbal MS, Khan SUD, Qamer S, Vohra S. Vaccine Hesitancy of COVID-19 among Parents for Their Children in Middle Eastern Countries-A Systematic Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1556. [PMID: 37896959 PMCID: PMC10610721 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11101556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The current systematic review presents COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among parents for their children in Middle Eastern countries. Moreover, the vaccine acceptance rate of parents from the Middle East and the factors effecting the acceptance rate were reviewed and summarized. For this systematic review, basic electronic academic databases (Scopus, Science Direct, ProQuest, Web of Science and PubMed) were used for the search, along with a manual search on Google Scholar. This systematic review was conducted by following the "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)" guidelines. Moreover, utilizing the framework of the PECO-S (Population Exposure Comparison Outcome Study design), various observational studies were recruited for this review. Out of 2123 studies, 25 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the current review. All of the included studies were about parental vaccine hesitancy for COVID-19 in Middle Eastern countries and published during 2020-2022. Overall, 25 research papers comprising 10 different Middle Eastern countries with 33,558 parents were included. The average age of parents was 39.13 (range: 18-70) years, while the mean age of children was 7.95 (range: 0-18) years. The overall hesitancy rate was 44.2% with a SD of ± 19.7. The included studies presented enhanced COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among parents in Middle Eastern countries. The lower vaccine acceptance rate among parents was mainly because of a fear of the potential side effects. Furthermore, the lack of information regarding vaccine safety and efficacy, the fear of unreported side effects and concerns about the authenticity of vaccine development and preparation were the predictors of parental COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Middle Eastern countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid Iqbal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salah-Ud-Din Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafqat Qamer
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Vohra
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia
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Danilescu CM, Radulescu VM, Delureanu AR, Pirlog MC. Understanding Attitudes Toward Influenza Vaccination: Insights from a Romanian Family Medicine Patient Population. CURRENT HEALTH SCIENCES JOURNAL 2023; 49:517-523. [PMID: 38559830 PMCID: PMC10976203 DOI: 10.12865/chsj.49.04.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Influenza represents a global respiratory virus infection with significant individual and societal implications, leading to considerable economic burdens and substantial mortality rates. Vaccine hesitancy, characterized by delays or refusals despite vaccine availability, presents a growing challenge in achieving adequate vaccination rates globally. AIM This study aimed to assess the attitudes of Romanian general practitioners' patients toward influenza vaccination during the recommended immunization period. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective multi-centered study involving 319 patients across five Family Medicine Offices in Romania was conducted. Participants completed a 12-item Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) scale, assessing factors influencing vaccine acceptance. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of demographic variables and attitudes toward vaccination. RESULTS The study revealed significant variations in attitudes influencing influenza vaccine acceptance. Trust in vaccine benefits and confidence in natural immunity emerged as primary motivators for vaccine acceptance/denial, whereas concerns about commercial profiteering held lesser importance. Gender and residential environment impacted specific attitudes toward vaccination, while factors such as education and employment status did not significantly influence vaccine acceptance. DISCUSSION The study underscores the critical role of trust in vaccine benefits as a primary driver for vaccine acceptance, diverging from prevalent conspiracy theories. While gender and residential environment influenced attitudes toward vaccination, education and employment status did not exhibit significant correlations with vaccine acceptance. CONCLUSIONS Understanding public attitudes toward vaccination is crucial in designing effective public health strategies. This study emphasizes the importance of trust in vaccine benefits in driving vaccine acceptance, offering insights to enhance vaccination initiatives regionally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Monica Danilescu
- Comunity Nursing Department, Faculty of Midwives and Nursing, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Virginia Maria Radulescu
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
- Department of Automation and Electronics, University of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | | | - Mihail Cristian Pirlog
- Department of Medical Sociology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
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Leal P, Gaete J, González C, Burgos P. Delays in the vaccination of infants between 2 and 18 months of age: associated factors in Chile. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1882. [PMID: 37770902 PMCID: PMC10540413 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16769-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infant vaccination has significantly reduced the morbidity and mortality of transmittable diseases worldwide. Its coverage is high (85%); however, partial or suboptimal vaccination has been an important public health problem. This study aimed (1) to design and explore the psychometric features of a questionnaire to determine the reasons for this partial or suboptimal vaccination; and 2) to determine the factors associated with delaying Diphtheria, Tetanus, Poliomyelitis (DTaP) vaccination. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study contained two parts. In Part One, a questionnaire was created by the research team and then validated by a committee of experts in the field and a group of parents. It included the following contents: sociodemographic variables, features of the vaccination services, history of vaccination, and attitudes and perceptions about vaccination. Part Two was a cross-sectional study, recruiting private and public healthcare centers to explore the psychometrics features of the instrument, performing exploratory factor analysis, and determining the associated factors with DTaP vaccination delay throughout multivariable regression models. RESULTS Initially, six experts validated the questionnaire. For instance, on a scale of 1 to 5, the general evaluation of the questionnaire was ≥ 4 for all the experts. Additionally, five experts considered that most of the questions were easy to understand, and all thought the questionnaire had a clear and logical organization. The resulting questionnaire included the "Trust and positive attitude towards vaccination" scale, which had a good structure of items and internal consistency (α = 0.7918). Six healthcare centers were recruited in the second part of the study, and 715 people answered the questionnaire. Not being the mother who brings the child to the health center, having more than one child, and having a history of previous vaccination delays increased the risk of delaying vaccination. Attending the healthcare center for a reason other than only vaccination, obtaining information about vaccines from the Internet, and having higher trust and positive attitudes to vaccination reduced the risk of delay. CONCLUSIONS First study during the pandemic to explore the role of different factors on the risk of DTaP vaccination delay in Latin America. The findings highlighted the importance of trust in the vaccination system. The instrument presented in this article may help the scientific community evaluate future interventions to increase trust and positive attitudes toward the vaccination process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Leal
- Faculty of Medicine, Departamento de Epidemiología y Estudios en Salud, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Gaete
- Research Center for Students Mental Health (ISME), Faculty of Education, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.
- Millennium Science Initiative Program, Millennium Nucleus to Improve, the Mental Health of Adolescents and Youths, Imhay, Santiago, Chile.
| | | | - Pamela Burgos
- Immunization Department, Ministry of Health, Santiago, Chile
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Moschese V, De Angelis L, Capogna MV, Graziani S, Baglivo F, Pietropolli A, Miraglia Del Giudice M, Rizzo C. Vaccine hesitancy and knowledge regarding maternal immunization among reproductive age women in central Italy: a cross sectional study. Front Glob Womens Health 2023; 4:1237064. [PMID: 37779637 PMCID: PMC10539584 DOI: 10.3389/fgwh.2023.1237064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vaccination in pregnancy offers protection to the mother and the newborn. In Italy, influenza, pertussis, and COVID-19 vaccinations are recommended in pregnancy, but vaccination coverage is still far from the National Immunization Plan goals. We aimed to assess knowledge and attitude on maternal immunization in two groups of Italian women, in pregnancy and in reproductive age (non pregnant). Methods A cross sectional study on Italian childbearing age women gathering information on their knowledge on maternal immunization and attitudes to receiving influenza and pertussis vaccines in pregnancy was carried out at the University of Rome Tor Vergata, between September 2019 and February 2020. Logistic and multinomial regressions were chosen as statistical tests for our analysis. Results 1,031 women participated in the survey by answering the questionnaire. Out of these, 553 (53.6%) women were pregnant, and 478 (46.4%) were in the reproductive age. 37% (204/553) of pregnant women and 41% (198/476) of non pregnant women are aware of the existence of an immunization plan for pregnant women in Italy. The group with age between 20 and 30, for both pregnant women and women in the reproductive age, has a better knowledge of vaccination in pregnancy. Working status is a variable associated with more awareness about vaccination during pregnancy only for pregnant women (OR = 2.34, p < 0.00001). Educational status, trimester of pregnancy and knowledge on the topic are associated with vaccine hesitancy in our multivariate analysis for pregnant women. In the reproductive age group women who had a previous pregnancy are more likely to be hesitant towards vaccination in pregnancy, on the other hand the one with a higher knowledge and educational status are more likely to get vaccinated. Conclusions The study highlights the persistent vaccine hesitancy among Italian women of reproductive age and pregnant women. Despite healthcare providers being identified as a reliable source of information, their recommendations alone are insufficient to overcome vaccine hesitancy. Factors such as employment status, educational level, pregnancy trimester, and knowledge about vaccinations during pregnancy influence vaccine hesitancy. Tailored educational interventions and communication campaigns targeting these areas can help reduce vaccine hesitancy and promote maternal immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Moschese
- Pediatric Immunopathology and Allergology Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi De Angelis
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Simona Graziani
- Pediatric Immunopathology and Allergology Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Baglivo
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Adalgisa Pietropolli
- Section of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Surgical Sciences, Tor Vergata University Hospital, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Miraglia Del Giudice
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Caterina Rizzo
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Bellomo RK, Cerabona V, Massimi A, Migliara G, Sparano M, Novello F, Schilirò T, Siliquini R, Villari P, De Vito C. Who chooses alternative sources of information about childhood vaccinations? A cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1225761. [PMID: 37771825 PMCID: PMC10525346 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1225761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Vaccine hesitancy can lead to problematic outcomes in terms of public health. A factor playing a fundamental role in this dynamic is the source of information considered by parents in the decision-making progress that leads to the acceptance or refusal of childhood vaccinations. This study aims to investigate the sources of information considered by the parents of children attending primary and secondary schools in two large Italian cities and to identify predictors that led to choosing alternative sources of information. Methods An online questionnaire was administered to the parents of students attending elementary, middle, and high schools in Rome and Turin. Two validated tools were used: the Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines Survey and the Vaccine Health Literacy of adults in Italian. Sources of information about vaccinations, trust toward the healthcare system, hesitancy and attitudes about COVID-19 vaccinations, were also investigated. A multivariable logistic regression model was built to identify predictors of the preferred sources of information on the topic. Results Totally, 2,301 answers to the survey were collected from June to October 2021. Of these, 1,127 came from parents in Rome (49%) and 1,174 from parents based in Turin (51%) with a mean age of 47.7 years (±6.4). The majority of the respondents were mothers (81%), married (73%), with two or more children (70.5%). The multivariable logistic regression model results showed that fathers were more inclined than mothers to use alternative sources of information (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.29-2.00). Moreover, a higher level of vaccine hesitancy was a strong predictor for choosing alternative sources of information (OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.73-3.46). The HLVa-it scores show that parents with a lower Vaccine Literacy (VL) were more inclined to use alternative sources of information. Discussion Addressing health literacy issues and changing the official forms of communication could help improving vaccine acceptance. This study shows the importance of rebuilding a trusting relationship between patients and health care providers, which is fundamental in the fight against vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Katia Bellomo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vito Cerabona
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Azzurra Massimi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Migliara
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Sparano
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Tiziana Schilirò
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberta Siliquini
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- A.O.U. City of Health and Science of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Villari
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Corrado De Vito
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Negash BT, Tediso Y, Yoseph A. Predictors of timeliness of vaccination among children of age 12-23 months in Boricha district, Sidama region Ethiopia, in 2019. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:409. [PMID: 37598170 PMCID: PMC10439539 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04234-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional measurement of vaccine coverage can mask the magnitude of timely uptake of vaccine. Hence, the optimal measurement of timeliness is unclear due to variations in vaccine schedule among countries in the world. In Ethiopia, Oral Polio Virus (OPV), Pentavalent, Tetanus, H. influenza type B, Hepatitis B, and Pneumonia-Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) are basic vaccines which are taken at birth, six weeks, ten weeks, and fourteen weeks respectively. Despite its importance, information is scarce about on-time vaccination in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to assess prevalence and factors associated with on-time vaccination among children of age 12-23 months in Boricha district, Sidama Ethiopia, in 2019. METHODS A community based survey was conducted in Boricha district, Sidama region Ethiopia from January 1-30 in 2019. Study participants were selected using stratified multistage sampling technique. Kebeles were stratified based on residence. First, Kebeles were selected using random sampling. Then, systematic random sampling was employed to reach each household. Data were collected using structured and interviewer administered questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with timely vaccination. Then, independent variables with p-value < 0.25 in COR were fitted further into multivariate logistic regression analysis model to control the possible cofounders. AOR with 95% CI and p-value < 0.05 was computed and reported as the level of statistical significance. RESULTS From a total of 614 study participants, only 609 study participants have responded to questions completely making a response rate of 99.2%. Prevalence of timeliness of vaccination was 26.8% (95% CI: 25, 28) in this study. Factors like children of women with formal education (AOR = 5.3, 95%CI,2.7, 10.4), absence of antenatal care visit (AOR = 4.2,95%CI, 1.8,9.8), home delivery (AOR = 6.2,95%CI,4.0,9.3), lack of postnatal care (AOR = 3.7,95%CI,1.1,13.3), and lack of information about when vaccines completion date (AOR = 2.0, 95% CI,1.13,3.8) were factors influences timely vaccination among children of age 12-23 months. CONCLUSION Prevalence of on-time vaccination among children of age 12-23 months is lower than national threshold. Therefore, sustained health education on vaccination schedule and reminder strategies should be designed and implemented. Furthermore, maternal and child health care services should be enhanced and coordinated to improve on-time uptake of vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berhan Tsegaye Negash
- Department of Midwifery, College Medicine and Health Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Sidama Ethiopia
| | - Yoseph Tediso
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Sidama Ethiopia
| | - Amanuel Yoseph
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Sidama Ethiopia
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Wang D, Li L, Ma X, Lin Y, Chen L, Arigonggaowa, Peng X, Shi J, Yang J, Ju R, Li Z, Cao J, Liu C, Feng Z, Li Q. Receipt of COVID-19 vaccine in preterm-born children aged 3-7 in China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1191941. [PMID: 37546314 PMCID: PMC10400273 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1191941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To determine the COVID-19 vaccination rate in preterm-born children aged 3-7 in China and influential factors, identify vaccination-related adverse reactions, and clarify reasons behind parental refusal of vaccination to their children. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in parents of preterm-born children aged 3-7 in different regions of China through WeChat. Results Of 1,924 Chinese preterm-born children aged 3-7 included in this study, 1,552 (80.7%) had been vaccinated against COVID-19, with a higher vaccination rate in eastern China. Children older than 4 years, kids in kindergartens and primary schools, children living in eastern or western China, and children whose fathers had received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine tended to be vaccinated against COVID-19 after adjusting for other covariates. Conversely, children living in urban areas, children whose annual family income was < 50,000 CNY or more than 300,000 CNY, premature children who underwent hospital transfers, and children with underlying diseases were less likely to get vaccinated. Adverse reactions occurred in 59/1,552 (3.8%) vaccinated children. Parents of 118/372 (31.7%) children expressed their concerns over adverse reactions to COVID-19 vaccination. Other reasons like the absence of information about the place where they could get vaccination were mentioned as well. Conclusions COVID-19 vaccination-related adverse reactions rarely occurred and most of them were mild among preterm-born children aged 3-7. Higher vaccination coverage can be achieved as parents are provided with more scientific data about benefits of vaccination, vaccination contraindications and precautions, and more information about vaccination sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Newborn Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Pediatrics, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (CPLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Biostatistics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Biostatistics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- Department of Neonatology, Fujian Children's Hospital (Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children's Medical Center), College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neonatology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Critical Diseases Research (Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital), Fuzhou, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Newborn Intensive Care Unit, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Arigonggaowa
- Department of Neonatology, Inner Mongolia Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Xianglian Peng
- Department of Neonatology, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Jingyun Shi
- Department of Neonatology, Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Neonatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Ju
- Department of Neonatology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhankui Li
- Department of Neonatology, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital (Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, China
| | - Jingke Cao
- Newborn Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Pediatrics, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (CPLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changgen Liu
- Newborn Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Pediatrics, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (CPLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhichun Feng
- Newborn Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Pediatrics, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (CPLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuping Li
- Newborn Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Pediatrics, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (CPLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Alzahrani AA, Alghamdi AN. Vaccine Hesitancy Among Parents and Its Determinants During the Era of COVID-19 in Taif City, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e40404. [PMID: 37456420 PMCID: PMC10347883 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vaccine hesitancy is a growing concern worldwide, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim was to investigate vaccine hesitancy and its determinants among parents in Taif, Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among parents using a validated and reliable questionnaire, the parent attitudes about childhood vaccines (PACV). Parents of children aged (two months to seven years) attending primary health care centers (PHCC) outpatient clinics were selected using a stratified sampling technique and interviewed to fill out the pre-structured questionnaire. Result The study included 301 parents, with 41.2% between the ages of 30-39 years and 25.2%% between 40-49 years. Mothers constituted 69.1% of the respondents. The most common sources of information regarding vaccinations were the doctor (34.9%), the internet (27.9%), and social media (16.6%). COVID-19 influenced the beliefs of more than half (52.5%) of parents regarding the importance of vaccinations. The median PACV score for vaccination hesitancy was 23.3/100, interquartile range (IQR) (13.3-33.3). The highest hesitation was among the age group of 30-39 years old (21.6%) and those whose beliefs were not influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic (16.1% vs. 5.7%) (p-value=0.003). The study found a significant difference in vaccine hesitancy rates between the different sources of information (p-value <0.001); parents who got their information about vaccinations from social media were more likely to be hesitant about vaccinations (40%). Concerns about side effects (93.8%), thinking that vaccines are not safe (84.4%), and thinking that fewer vaccines are needed (78.1%) were the top three factors influencing vaccine hesitancy. Conclusion This study urges promoting vaccine uptake through healthcare providers and combating vaccine misinformation on social media. Additionally, addressing safety concerns and misconceptions about vaccine necessity, and focusing on first-time parents, younger parents, and those with lower socioeconomic status are recommended strategies to improve vaccine uptake rates.
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Marron L, Ferenczi A, O'Brien KM, Cotter S, Jessop L, Morrissey Y, Migone C. A national survey of parents' views on childhood vaccinations in Ireland. Vaccine 2023:S0264-410X(23)00522-4. [PMID: 37183073 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaccine hesitancy is complex and multifactorial and a threat to global health. Uptake of some recommended childhood immunisations in Ireland remains below World Health Organisation targets. The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with vaccine uptake in Ireland. METHODS A cross-sectional, national survey of parental attitudes towards childhood vaccination for children aged 0 to 48 months was conducted between June and August 2021 (N = 855). A descriptive analysis of questionnaire responses was conducted. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to identify the association of demographic parental characteristics and parental vaccine attitude scores with a delay in or lack of parental vaccine acceptance. RESULTS There was a strongly positive sentiment towards childhood vaccinations. Self-reported uptake of recommended vaccines was 96.1 % with a strong belief in the importance (94.4 %) and safety (89.2 %) of vaccines. Trust in official vaccine information sources was high; 91.5 % and 89.2 % reported trust in the vaccine information provided by healthcare professionals and the Health Service Executive (HSE) respectively. The most commonly identified reasons for missed vaccines were concerns about safety and vaccine side effects. In multivariable regression analysis, parental trust in official vaccine information sources was a significant predictor of vaccine acceptance. For every one unit increase in the median parental trust in official vaccine information score, the odds of a parent having reduced vaccine acceptance decreased significantly (aOR 0.27 95 % CI 0.16, 0.46, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Understanding parental attitudes towards vaccination will inform the development of evidence-informed, targeted interventions to increase childhood immunisation uptake. Vaccine information for parents should focus on vaccine safety and public health action should be taken to build trust and engage communities in order to increase and sustain the uptake of childhood vaccines delivered as part of the national childhood primary immunisation programme in Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Marron
- National Immunisation Office, Unit 8-9 Manor Street Business Park, Manor Street, Dublin 7, Ireland; Health Protection Surveillance Centre, 25-27 Middle Gardiner Street, Dublin 1, Ireland.
| | - Annamaria Ferenczi
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, 25-27 Middle Gardiner Street, Dublin 1, Ireland; European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden; Epidemiology and Surveillance Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katie M O'Brien
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, 25-27 Middle Gardiner Street, Dublin 1, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Cotter
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, 25-27 Middle Gardiner Street, Dublin 1, Ireland
| | - Lucy Jessop
- National Immunisation Office, Unit 8-9 Manor Street Business Park, Manor Street, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Yvonne Morrissey
- National Immunisation Office, Unit 8-9 Manor Street Business Park, Manor Street, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Chantal Migone
- National Immunisation Office, Unit 8-9 Manor Street Business Park, Manor Street, Dublin 7, Ireland
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Licata F, Romeo M, Riillo C, Di Gennaro G, Bianco A. Acceptance of recommended vaccinations during pregnancy: a cross-sectional study in Southern Italy. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1132751. [PMID: 37250080 PMCID: PMC10213683 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1132751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vaccine administration is a recommended, safe, and effective measure to protect pregnant women against vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs). Despite available guidance, maternal immunization rates for vaccination against influenza and with the reduced antigen content tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) in Italy remain incredibly low. The primary goal of the study was to explore what Italian pregnant women knew about VPDs and immunization during pregnancy and what factors affected their decision to be vaccinated. Methods This cross-sectional study took place between October 2021 and April 2022 in the Southern part of Italy. All consecutive pregnant women, from those attending the selected facilities on randomly selected days, were approached to request participation. The inclusion criteria for participation were age ≥18 years, the ability to understand, speak, and read Italian, and being pregnant at any gestational age. The questionnaire, using a combination of checkboxes and free text answers, consisted of 32 items divided into five parts and lasted ~10 min. Results The results showed that 61% knew that the influenza vaccine is recommended and 48.7% knew that influenza could be risky during pregnancy; 74.1% wrongly reported that the Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended during pregnancy. Seven out of 10 pregnant women believed that strong evidence supported the safety of vaccinations during pregnancy, and more than half (55.6%) thought they were at increased risk of severe illness with COVID-19. Women in the sample believed that vaccines received during pregnancy pose a risk of adverse events to the unborn child with a median value of 6 (IQR 3-9), on a scale ranging from 1 to 10. Similarly, the fear of contracting pertussis and influenza during pregnancy showed a median value of 6 (IQR 3-9) and 5 (IQR 3-8), respectively. Only 21.1% and 36.5% of women received influenza and Tdap vaccines during pregnancy. Conclusion Unrealistic risk perception with a negative attitude toward vaccines in pregnancy and a low percentage of vaccinated pregnant women confirm the urgency of training women to make informed choices to increase overall vaccine uptake.
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Nassar O, Alshahwan S, Alshahwan R, Halasa S, Alashhab S, Alnajar M. Determinants of Parents’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice toward Childhood Vaccination: A National Study. Open Nurs J 2023. [DOI: 10.2174/18744346-v17-230223-2022-88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background:
Childhood vaccination is one of the World Health Organization's strategies to reduce vaccine-preventable diseases and children's mortality and morbidity rates. Adequate and accurate knowledge, as well as positive attitudes regarding vaccination, may increase parents’ compliance with their children’s vaccines.
Objective:
This study aimed to identify the determinants of parents’ knowledge, attitude, and practice toward childhood vaccination in Jordan.
Methods:
This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The stratification method of sampling technique was used to split Jordan into three regions. The sample included 1477 participants. A total number of eleven Maternal and Child Health Care centers were selected as the study’s site.
Results:
Results showed that parents have sufficient knowledge regarding the importance of vaccines in maintaining a child’s health, with a mean percentage of correctly answered questions of 78.7%. However, they have inadequate knowledge regarding the adverse reactions (57.5%) and the contraindications of vaccines (61.8%). Parents had positive attitudes regarding the National Immunization Program where 97% agreed with it. However, 83% of parents had negative attitudes toward vaccine safety. Parents’ work, residency, income, and age are significant determinants of parents’ attitudes, knowledge, and practice regarding children's vaccines.
Conclusion:
The study may motivate nurses to implement more educational interventions regarding children’s vaccination to upgrade parents' knowledge with particular emphasis on parents with a low level of education and the residents of rural areas.
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Wang Y, Chen Y. Characterizing discourses about COVID-19 vaccines on Twitter: a topic modeling and sentiment analysis approach. JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION IN HEALTHCARE 2023; 16:103-112. [PMID: 36919802 DOI: 10.1080/17538068.2022.2054196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence-based health communication is crucial for facilitating vaccine-related knowledge and addressing vaccine hesitancy. To that end, it is important to understand the discourses about COVID-19 vaccination and attend to the publics' emotions underlying those discourses. METHODS We collect tweets related to COVID-19 vaccines from March 2020 to March 2021. In total, 304,292 tweets from 134,015 users are collected. We conduct a Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) modeling analysis and a sentiment analysis to analyze the discourse themes and sentiments. RESULTS This study identifies seven themes of COVID-19 vaccine-related discourses. Vaccine advocacy (24.82%) is the most widely discussed topic about COVID-19 vaccines, followed by vaccine hesitancy (22.29%), vaccine rollout (12.99%), vaccine facts (12.61%), recognition for healthcare workers (12.47%), vaccine side effects (10.07%), and vaccine policies (4.75%). Trust is the most salient emotion associated with COVID-19 vaccine discourses, followed by anticipation, fear, joy, sadness, anger, surprise, and disgust. Among the seven topics, vaccine advocacy tweets are most likely to receive likes and comments, and vaccine fact tweets are most likely to receive retweets. CONCLUSIONS When talking about vaccines, publics' emotions are dominated by trust and anticipation, yet mixed with fear and sadness. Although tweets about vaccine hesitancy are prevalent on Twitter, those messages receive fewer likes and comments than vaccine advocacy messages. Over time, tweets about vaccine advocacy and vaccine facts become more dominant whereas tweets about vaccine hesitancy become less dominant among COVID-19 vaccine discourses, suggesting that publics become more confident about COVID-19 vaccines as they obtain more information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Department of Communication, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Yonghao Chen
- College of Information Studies, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
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22
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Durmuş Sarıkahya S, Güden E, Sümeyye Yorulmaz D. Childhood vaccine hesitancy in two regions with different socioeconomic backgrounds in Turkey. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESUNDHEITSWISSENSCHAFTEN = JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2023:1-10. [PMID: 36855466 PMCID: PMC9948781 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-023-01854-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Aim This study investigated childhood vaccine hesitancy in two regions with different socioeconomic backgrounds in Kayseri, Turkey. Subject and methods The study population consisted of all people over 18 years of age admitted to two family health centers (No 65 and 103) in a city center for any reason. Results Participants living in the high socioeconomic status (SES) region had a significantly lower mean rating on the CVHQ (Childhood Vaccine Hesitancy Questionnaire - see below) than those living in the low SES region. Conclusion Vaccine hesitancy is the main reason for vaccine refusal. Therefore, authorities should provide adequate and accurate information about the significance of vaccines to raise public awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emel Güden
- Kayseri Provincial Health Directorate, AR-GE Project Management and Consultancy Unit, Kayseri, Türkiye
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23
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Zhang H, Chen L, Huang Z, Li D, Tao Q, Zhang F. The effects of parent's health literacy and health beliefs on vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine 2023; 41:2120-2126. [PMID: 36822968 PMCID: PMC9943708 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Parental vaccine hesitancy is a key factor influencing children's vaccination against infectious diseases such as the COVID-19. The current study aims to investigate how parent's health literacy and health belief affect parental hesitancy toward the COVID-19 vaccination, and navigate effective measures to help parents make vaccination decision for children. A mixed-mode web survey was conducted among parents of children aged 3-11 years. Parental vaccine hesitancy, health literacy, and health beliefs were assessed. Parallel mediation model examined whether the association between parent's health literacy and vaccine hesitancy was mediated by health beliefs. In total, 11.3% of the 346 participants reported vaccine hesitancy. Hesitant parents were more likely to be he mother (Father: 4.5%; Mother: 12.9%) and with children having allergic issues (Allergic: 18.3%; Non-allergic: 9.8%). Meanwhile, parents with lower health literacy were more likely to show hesitancy towards vaccinating their children (β = -6.87, 95% CI = [-10.50, -3.11]). This relationship was partially mediated by more perceived barriers in vaccination (β = -2.53, 95%CI = [-4.09, -1.02]), but not other health beliefs. In other words, parents with better health literacy may perceive fewer barriers in making vaccination decision for their children, thus being less hesitant. Accordingly, healthcare professionals and policy makers could design education service to promote parents' health literacy, and remove the perceived barriers as well as increase their confidence in following the COVID-19 vaccine guidance for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqiao Zhang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liyuan Chen
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongxuan Huang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongxue Li
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Tao
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Division of Medical Psychology and Behavior Science, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Division of Medical Psychology and Behavior Science, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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Loncarevic GS, Jovanovic AL, Kanazir MS, Kisic Tepavcevic DB, Maric GD, Pekmezovic TD. Are pediatricians responsible for maintaining high MMR vaccination coverage? Nationwide survey on parental knowledge and attitudes towards MMR vaccine in Serbia. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281495. [PMID: 36795643 PMCID: PMC9934397 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess parental knowledge and attitudes related to MMR vaccination and to determine factors associated with parental decision whether to vaccinate their child with MMR vaccine in Serbian population. METHODS The selection of participants was performed using multi-phase sampling. Seventeen out of the total 160 public health centers on the territory of Republic of Serbia were randomly selected. All parents of children up to the age of 7 who visited the pediatrician at the public health centers from June to August 2017 were recruited. Parents filled in an anonymous questionnaire regarding their knowledge, attitudes and practices in immunization with MMR vaccine. The relative contribution of different factors was explored by univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The majority of parents were female (75.2%), with mean age of 34.3 ± 5.7 years, and the average age of children was 4.7 ± 2.4 years, 53.7% of them were girls. In the multivariable model, getting information on vaccination from a pediatrician was associated with 7.5 fold increased probability to vaccinate child with MMR vaccine (OR = 7.52; 95% CI 2.73-20.74; p<0.001), while previous vaccination of the child increased this chance two times (OR = 2.07; 95% CI 1.01-4.27; p = 0.048), and having two children was associated with 84% increase in chance of vaccinating child with MMR vaccine compared to having one child or three or more children (OR = 1.84; 95% CI 1.03-3.29; p = 0.040). CONCLUSION Our study emphasized the key role of pediatricians in the formation of parental attitude on MMR vaccination of their child.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aleksa Lj Jovanovic
- Institute of Epidemiology, University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Gorica D. Maric
- Institute of Epidemiology, University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
- * E-mail: (TDP); (GDM)
| | - Tatjana D. Pekmezovic
- Institute of Epidemiology, University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
- * E-mail: (TDP); (GDM)
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Christou-Ergos M, Wiley KE, Leask J. Willingness to receive a vaccine is influenced by adverse events following immunisation experienced by others. Vaccine 2023; 41:246-250. [PMID: 36446655 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An adverse event following immunization (AEFI) can have consequences for an individual's future decision making and may contribute to vaccine hesitancy. AEFIs vary in severity and can be experienced directly (by an individual themselves) or indirectly (through witnessed or recounted events). We sought to measure the prevalence of specific AEFIs and understand which AEFIs have the greatest associations with reduced willingness to receive a vaccine and how injection anxiety may moderate the relationship. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey with both qualitative and quantitative elements in a sample of adults aged 18 years and over in Australia. Nineteen percent of the 1050 respondents reported experiencing an AEFI that they found stressful. Those who experienced an AEFI reported significantly higher levels of injection anxiety than those who did not. Within the group who reported experiencing an AEFI, respondents were significantly less likely to be willing to receive a COVID-19 vaccine if they reported: indirect exposure to an uncommon/rare AEFI compared with other AEFIs (aOR:0.39; 95% CI: 0.18-0.87); indirect exposure to a scientifically unsupported AEFI compared with other AEFIs (aOR:0.18; 95% CI: 0.05-0.57). Direct exposure to an AEFI was not associated with willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. For those who reported experiencing an AEFI, the odds of willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine decreased significantly with an increase in injection anxiety (aOR:0.94; 95% CI: 0.9-0.98). Our results suggest that more is needed to mitigate the consequences of AEFIs on vaccine willingness. Empathically acknowledging at a community level, the experience of both real and perceived AEFIs and incorporating accounts of positive vaccination experiences in vaccine hesitancy interventions may be useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Christou-Ergos
- University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Kerrie E Wiley
- University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Public Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Julie Leask
- University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
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26
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Sharif Nia H, Allen KA, Arslan G, Kaur H, She L, Khoshnavay Fomani F, Gorgulu O, Sivarajan Froelicher E. The predictive role of parental attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines and child vulnerability: A multi-country study on the relationship between parental vaccine hesitancy and financial well-being. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1085197. [PMID: 36875362 PMCID: PMC9980903 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1085197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Recent new mutations and increases in transmission of COVID-19 among adolescents and children highlight the importance of identifying which factors influence parental decisions regarding vaccinating their children. The current study aims to explore whether child vulnerability and parents' attitudes toward vaccines mediate the association between perceived financial well-being and vaccine hesitancy among parents. Method A predictive, cross-sectional, multi-country online questionnaire was administered with a convenience sample of 6,073 parents (Australia, 2,734; Iran, 2,447; China, 523; Turkey, 369). Participants completed the Parent Attitude About Child Vaccines (PACV), the Child Vulnerability Scale (CVS), a Financial Well-being (FWB) measure, and Parental Vaccine Hesitancy (PVH) questionnaire. Results The current study revealed that perceived financial well-being had significant and negative associations with parents' attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines and child vulnerability among the Australian sample. Contrary to the Australian findings, results from Chinese participants indicated that financial well-being had significant and positive predictive effects on parent attitudes toward vaccines, child vulnerability, and parental vaccine hesitancy. The results of the Iranian sample revealed that parents' attitudes toward vaccines and child vulnerability significantly and negatively predicted parental vaccine hesitancy. Conclusion The current study revealed that a parents' perceived financial well-being had a significant and negative relationship with parental attitudes about vaccines and child vulnerability; however, it did not significantly predict parental vaccine hesitancy among Turkish parents as it did for parents in Australia, Iran, and China. Findings of the study have policy implications for how certain countries may tailor their vaccine-related health messages to parents with low financial wellbeing and parents with vulnerable children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Sharif Nia
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Kelly-Ann Allen
- School of Educational Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Education, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gökmen Arslan
- Department of Psychological Counselling and Guidance, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Türkiye.,Centre for Wellbeing Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Harpaljit Kaur
- School of Management and Marketing, Faculty of Business and Law, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Long She
- Faculty of Business, Design and Arts, Swinburne University of Technology, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | | | - Ozkan Gorgulu
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Kirşehir Ahi Evran University Faculty of Medicine, Kırşehir, Türkiye
| | - Erika Sivarajan Froelicher
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Bechini A, Zanella B, Bonito B, Bonanni P, Boccalini S. Review of scientific evidence to support recommendations of the full-dose DTaP-IPV vaccination in pre-school age children in Italy. Expert Rev Vaccines 2022; 21:1819-1830. [PMID: 36178008 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2022.2130770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Two vaccine formulations are available to prevent diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and poliomyelitis: the pediatric full-dose (DTaP-IPV) and the reduced dose formulation (dTap-IPV). Different immunization schedules are internationally recommended for the pre-school booster dose. AREAS COVERED International and Italian recommendations, scientific evidence on immunogenicity and safety of DTaP/dTap vaccines to support the full dose as a pre-school booster and Italian vaccination coverage (VC) up to adolescence. EXPERT OPINION The WHO recommends a '3+1' schedule with DTaP vaccine for primary immunization, followed by a pre-school booster with DTaP or dTap vaccine. In Italy, a '2+1' schedule, with no booster in the second year, and a pre-school booster dose are recommended with DTPa-IPV vaccines. Studies showed a non-inferior immunogenicity in dTap vaccinees in pre-school age; nevertheless, the antibody titers were usually greater in children vaccinated with DTaP, while lower frequencies of adverse events were recorded in children receiving dTap. Italian VCs for pre-school and adolescent boosters have not been satisfactory, which further reduced during the COVID-19 period. In Italy, the pre-school booster offers the last chance to receive a full dose of DTaP vaccine, thus, representing the most suitable intervention to provide lasting protection in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Bechini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Beatrice Zanella
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Benedetta Bonito
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonanni
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Boccalini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
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Bussink-Voorend D, Hautvast JLA, Vandeberg L, Visser O, Hulscher MEJL. A systematic literature review to clarify the concept of vaccine hesitancy. Nat Hum Behav 2022; 6:1634-1648. [PMID: 35995837 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-022-01431-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy (VH) is considered a top-10 global health threat. The concept of VH has been described and applied inconsistently. This systematic review aims to clarify VH by analysing how it is operationalized. We searched PubMed, Embase and PsycINFO databases on 14 January 2022. We selected 422 studies containing operationalizations of VH for inclusion. One limitation is that studies of lower quality were not excluded. Our qualitative analysis reveals that VH is conceptualized as involving (1) cognitions or affect, (2) behaviour and (3) decision making. A wide variety of methods have been used to measure VH. Our findings indicate the varied and confusing use of the term VH, leading to an impracticable concept. We propose that VH should be defined as a state of indecisiveness regarding a vaccination decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne Bussink-Voorend
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Primary and Community Care, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Jeannine L A Hautvast
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Primary and Community Care, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Lisa Vandeberg
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Olga Visser
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Primary and Community Care, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Marlies E J L Hulscher
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, IQ Healthcare, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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29
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Saitoh A, Takaku M, Saitoh A. High rates of vaccine hesitancy among pregnant women during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Japan. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2064686. [PMID: 35476032 PMCID: PMC9897641 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2064686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to 1) determine the prevalence and contents of vaccine hesitancy among pregnant women during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and 2) evaluate its association with maternal sociodemographic factors. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between August and December 2020 among pregnant women between 28 and 32 weeks of gestation who received antenatal care at four clinics and hospitals in Niigata City, Japan. Vaccine hesitancy was assessed using the Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines survey, and associations between vaccine hesitancy and sociodemographic factors were analyzed. In total, 113/200 (56.5%) subjects responded to the survey. Overall, 46/113 (40.7%) pregnant women were resistant or hesitant to receive the vaccine. Women with vaccine hesitancy were more likely to fear adverse reactions (concern 79.6%, not concerned 15.9%, and not sure 4.4%), safety (concerned 69.0%, not concerned 23.9%, and not sure 7.1%), and efficacy (concerned 47.8%, not concerned 35.4%, and not sure 16.8%) compared to those without vaccine hesitancy (P < .01, < .01, and <.01, respectively). In the multivariate logistic regression analyses, primipara women had higher rates of vaccine hesitancy than multipara pregnant women (odds ratio: 2.38, P = .04). In conclusion, the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy among pregnant Japanese women, especially primipara women, was higher than that in other countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Their major concerns were adverse reactions, safety, and the efficacy of childhood vaccines. Further strategies are needed to provide appropriate vaccine information to prevent vaccine-preventable diseases in both infants and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Saitoh
- Department of Fundamental Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan,CONTACT Aya Saitoh Department of Fundamental Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School ofHealth Sciences, Niigata University, 2-746 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8518, Japan
| | - Mayumi Takaku
- Department of Fundamental Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akihiko Saitoh
- Department of Pediatrics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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30
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Debela MS, Garrett APN, Charania NA. Vaccine hesitancy and its determinants among refugee parents resettled in Aotearoa New Zealand. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2131336. [PMID: 36315907 PMCID: PMC9746517 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2131336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy is an important factor underpinning suboptimal vaccine uptake and evidence on marginalized subgroups, such as refugees, is limited. This cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2020/21 with former refugee parents who resettled in Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ). The Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines (PACV) was offered in Somali, Oromo, Arabic, and English languages, and the reliability of the four versions were evaluated. The prevalence of parental vaccine hesitancy was explored and the association between vaccine hesitancy and sociodemographic factors was examined using logistic regression. One hundred and seventy-eight responses were included in the analysis. The Cronbach's alpha scores for Somali, Oromo, Arabic, and English PACV were 0.89, 0.64, 0.53, and 0.77, respectively. The rate of parental vaccine hesitancy was 16.3%, 95% CI (10.7, 21.3). Most caregivers were concerned about vaccine side effects (47%), safety (43%), and efficacy (40%). Less than a quarter (21%) of parents had delayed their child receiving a vaccine and 12% had refused to vaccinate their child for reasons other than medical exemptions. After adjusting for covariate/s, parents' primary source of information and education status were significantly associated with vaccine hesitancy. Media as a primary source of vaccine information and low education status were associated with higher vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine hesitancy is relatively low among former refugees and is influenced by modifiable factors, including educational level and primary source of vaccine information. Vaccine information tailored to former refugee parents' concerns are required to reduce vaccine hesitancy and improve vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulisa Senbeta Debela
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - A. P. Nick Garrett
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nadia A. Charania
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand,Migrant and Refugee Health Research Centre, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand,CONTACT Nadia A. Charania Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, 90 Akoranga Drive, Northcote, Auckland 0627, New Zealand
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Parents' Attitudes toward Childhood Vaccines and COVID-19 Vaccines in a Turkish Pediatric Outpatient Population. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10111958. [PMID: 36423053 PMCID: PMC9699553 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10111958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination hesitancy (VH) is an important public health issue. The determinants of parental decisions on whether to vaccinate their children are multidimensional and need to be carefully considered in the COVID-19 era. Our study aims to investigate the prevalence of VH among parents, parents’ use of social media, and their attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine upon vaccine refusal. Materials and methods: Our participants were the parents of children admitted to hospitals in three different cities in Turkey between September 2021 and December 2021. The parents were asked to complete sociodemographic data and their attitudes toward COVID-19 diseases, the Parental Attitudes Toward Childhood Vaccines (PACV) scale, and the Attitudes Toward COVID-19 Vaccine (ATV-COVID-19) scale. Participants were categorized as “non-hesitant”, with a score of <50, and “hesitant”, with a score of ≥50. Results: A total of 1087 parents with a mean age of 33.66 (SD 9.1) years old participated in the study. VH was noted in 102 (9.38%) parents. Age, gender, education, and income levels did not significantly differ from one another, according to the PACV; however, parents who delayed vaccinating their children and indicated that social media had an impact on vaccination decisions were more hesitant. Parents who were male and had a family member diagnosed with COVID-19 showed more positive attitudes in the ATV-COVID-19. Parents who were hesitant about childhood vaccinations had lower positive attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine (2.84 ± 0.97) than parents who were not hesitant (3.77 ± 0.9). A total of 761 (70.14%) parents need more information about childhood immunizations. Conclusion: Parents who are hesitant about childhood immunization programs in Turkey have a less positive attitude toward COVID-19 vaccines and are affected by social media. Parents need information about vaccines, and because the controversy surrounding COVID-19 vaccines can diminish parents’ confidence in routine childhood immunizations, understanding the complex causes behind vaccination hesitancy can help public health policy break through barriers and increase immunization rates.
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Mohamad E, Tham JS, Mohd Ajis SZ, Hamzah MR, Ayub SH, Tri Sakti AM, Azlan AA. Exposure to Misinformation, Risk Perception, and Confidence towards the Government as Factors Influencing Negative Attitudes towards COVID-19 Vaccination in Malaysia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14623. [PMID: 36429342 PMCID: PMC9690819 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study explored exposure to misinformation, COVID-19 risk perception, and confidence towards the government as predictors of negative attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was carried out from 30 June to 30 August 2021 involving 775 respondents. The survey instrument for the questionnaire was an adaptation from various different studies consisting of five main variables: (1) misinformation about vaccination; (2) risk perception toward COVID-19; (3) attitudes toward the vaccination programme; (4) intention to get vaccinated; and (5) public confidence in the government in executing the vaccination programme. RESULTS The results of this study indicate that higher exposure to misinformation led to higher levels of negative attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine. When the perceived risk of COVID-19 infection was high, mistrust of vaccine benefits was low but there were also higher worries about the future effects of the vaccine. Confidence in the government was associated with lower negative attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine. CONCLUSION The results of this study may help develop an understanding of negative attitudes toward vaccinations in Malaysia and its contributing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Mohamad
- Centre for Research in Media and Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
- UKM × UNICEF Communication for Development Centre in Health, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jen Sern Tham
- Department of Communication, Faculty of Modern Languages and Communication, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Zaiton Mohd Ajis
- Centre for Research in Media and Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
- UKM × UNICEF Communication for Development Centre in Health, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Rezal Hamzah
- Department of Communication, Faculty of Business and Communication, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar 01000, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Suffian Hadi Ayub
- Faculty of Communication and Media Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Andi Muhammad Tri Sakti
- Centre for Research in Media and Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
- UKM × UNICEF Communication for Development Centre in Health, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Communication Science, Mercu Buana University, Jakarta 11650, Indonesia
| | - Arina Anis Azlan
- Centre for Research in Media and Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
- UKM × UNICEF Communication for Development Centre in Health, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
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Ferreira GRON, Formigosa JADS, Lira ALBDC, Reis RK, Gir E, Freitas WLS, Carvalho JN, Gonçalves LHT, Botelho EP, Ramos AMPC. The Family Health Strategy Influence on the Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Acceptance in a Peripheral Community of the Brazilian Amazon Region. Health Equity 2022; 6:852-861. [DOI: 10.1089/heq.2022.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Renata Karina Reis
- Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elucir Gir
- Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jacira Nunes Carvalho
- Graduate Nursing Program at the Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Eliã Pinheiro Botelho
- Graduate Nursing Program at the Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Opel DJ, Furniss A, Zhou C, Rice JD, Spielvogle H, Spina C, Perreira C, Giang J, Dundas N, Dempsey A, Pahud B, Robinson J, O'Leary S. Parent Attitudes Towards Childhood Vaccines After the Onset of SARS-CoV-2 in the United States. Acad Pediatr 2022; 22:1407-1413. [PMID: 35787455 PMCID: PMC9249407 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2022.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the influence of a novel infectious disease epidemic on parent general attitudes about childhood vaccines. METHODS We conducted a natural experiment utilizing cross-sectional survey data from parents of infants in Washington and Colorado participating in a larger trial that began on September 27, 2019. At enrollment, parents completed the short version of the Parental Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines (PACV-SF), a validated survey scored from 0 to 4, with higher scores representing more negative attitudes. The exposure variable was onset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the United States, with the before-period defined as September 27, 2019 to February 28, 2020 and the after-period defined as April 1, 2020-December 10, 2020, with the after-period further separated into proximate (April 1, 2020-July 31, 2020) and distant periods (August 1, 2020-December 10, 2020). The outcome variable was parent negative attitudes about childhood vaccines, defined as a score of ≥2 on the PACV-SF. We estimated the probability of the outcome after (vs before) the exposure using log-binomial regression with generalized estimating equations adjusted for demographic confounding variables. RESULTS Among 4562 parents, the risk of negative attitudes was lower immediately after (vs before) SARS-CoV-2 onset (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] = 0.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.36, 0.94; P = .027), but by August-December 2020, the average rate of negative attitudes was 35% higher than during April-July 2020 (aRR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.61; P = .0009). CONCLUSIONS A reduced risk of negative general vaccine attitudes observed immediately after SARS-CoV-2 onset was quickly attenuated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas J Opel
- Department of Pediatrics (DJ Opel), University of Washington School of Medicine and Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Wash.
| | - Anna Furniss
- Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science (A Furniss, JD Rice, C Spina, C Perreira, A Dempsey, and S O'Leary), University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colo
| | - Chuan Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics (C Zhou), University of Washington School of Medicine and Center for Child Health Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Wash
| | - John D Rice
- Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science (A Furniss, JD Rice, C Spina, C Perreira, A Dempsey, and S O'Leary), University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colo
| | - Heather Spielvogle
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research (H Spielvogle, J Giang, N Dundas), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Wash
| | - Christine Spina
- Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science (A Furniss, JD Rice, C Spina, C Perreira, A Dempsey, and S O'Leary), University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colo
| | - Cathryn Perreira
- Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science (A Furniss, JD Rice, C Spina, C Perreira, A Dempsey, and S O'Leary), University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colo
| | - Jessica Giang
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research (H Spielvogle, J Giang, N Dundas), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Wash
| | - Nicolas Dundas
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research (H Spielvogle, J Giang, N Dundas), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Wash
| | - Amanda Dempsey
- Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science (A Furniss, JD Rice, C Spina, C Perreira, A Dempsey, and S O'Leary), University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colo
| | - Barbara Pahud
- University of Missouri Kansas City (B Pahud), School of Medicine, Kansas City, Mo
| | - Jeffrey Robinson
- Department of Communication (J Robinson), Portland State University, Portland, Ore
| | - Sean O'Leary
- Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science (A Furniss, JD Rice, C Spina, C Perreira, A Dempsey, and S O'Leary), University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colo
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Yalçin SS, Kömürlüoğlu A, Topaç O. Rates of childhood vaccine refusal in Turkey during 2016-2017: Regional causes and solutions. Arch Pediatr 2022; 29:594-598. [PMID: 36167616 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vaccine hesitancy is a growing problem globally. This study aimed to detect the rates of vaccine refusal (VR) during childhood in each province and region of Turkey from 2016 to 2017 and to evaluate the experiences of Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) managers regarding childhood VR and opinions to solve and reduce vaccine hesitancy in Turkey. METHODS VR was defined as the refusal to vaccinate for at least one vaccine in children aged 0-23 months. In this descriptive study, information on notified VR cases and recommended solutions from every province in Turkey was accessed by the local EPI manager for the period 2016-2017. The VR rates were calculated. RESULTS From 80 provinces, 8977 VR cases were detected in 2016 (VR rate 3.5‰) and 14,779 cases in 2017 (VR rate 5.9‰; p<0.001). One quarter of Family Health Units reported at least one case of VR. The highest VR rate in children aged under 2 years was in East Marmara (8.4‰) in 2016, and the West Anatolia Region (10.9‰) and East Marmara region (10.9‰) in 2017. Concerns about the vaccine content, harmfulness, and fears about adverse effects were the most common reasons underlying VR. Educating healthcare workers about vaccines and interpersonal communication skills, increasing patient information with informative brochures, and preventing anti-vaccination publications in the media were the most frequent recommendations to solve VR. CONCLUSIONS In Turkey, VR cases continue to increase. Correct and adequate information, effective communication, and trust between healthcare workers and parents can help reduce VR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddika Songül Yalçin
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Social Pediatrics, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ayça Kömürlüoğlu
- Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Osman Topaç
- Ankara Health Directorate Public Health Presidency, Ankara, Turkey
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Schoolteachers and Vaccinations: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Campania Region. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10091519. [PMID: 36146597 PMCID: PMC9501199 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This cross-sectional survey aimed to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding vaccinations among schoolteachers in Italy. Methods: Data were collected through an online questionnaire from September 2020 to May 2021 from a sample of schoolteachers in the Campania region of southern Italy. Results: Only 27% of the participants had good knowledge about the vaccinations recommended for schoolteachers. Females who had children, who were unsatisfied by their health status, and not needing additional information about vaccinations were more likely to have good knowledge. Moreover, 61.5% perceived that vaccinations are useful in preventing infectious diseases, and 44.5% agreed or strongly agreed that vaccinations should be mandatory for schoolteachers. The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that schoolteachers who perceived that vaccinations are useful in preventing infectious diseases, who considered the recommended vaccinations to be useful to protecting their own and their students’ health, who believed that information received about vaccination was useful, and who needed additional information about vaccinations recommended for schoolteachers, were significantly more likely to agree or strongly agree that vaccinations should be mandatory for schoolteachers. Conclusions: These findings suggest the need for education strategies to ensure that schoolteachers are better informed about vaccinations recommended for their profession.
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Valdecantos RL, Palladino R, Lo Vecchio A, Montella E, Triassi M, Nardone A. Organisational and Structural Drivers of Childhood Immunisation in the European Region: A Systematic Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10091390. [PMID: 36146467 PMCID: PMC9505321 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the implementation of widespread vaccination programs, the European Health Systems continue to experience care challenges attributable to organizational and structural issues. This study aimed to review the available data on aspects within the organizational and structural domains that might impact vaccination coverage. We searched a comprehensive range of databases from 1 January 2007 to 6 July 2021 for studies that reported quantitative or qualitative research on interventions to raise childhood vaccine coverage. Outcome assessments comprised organizational and structural factors that contribute to vaccine concern among pediatric parents, as well as data reported influencing the willingness to vaccinate. To analyze the risk of bias, the Ottawa, JBI’s (Joanna Briggs Institute) critical appraisal tool, and Amstar quality assessment were used accordingly. The inclusion criteria were met by 205 studies across 21 articles. The majority of the studies were conducted in the United Kingdom (6), the European Union (3), and Italy (3). A range of interventions studied in primary healthcare settings has been revealed to improve vaccination coverage rates including parental engagement and personalization, mandatory vaccination policies, program redesign, supply chain design, administering multiple/combination vaccines, improved vaccination timing and intervals, parental education and reminders, surveillance tools and Supplemental Immunisation Activity (SIA), and information model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Lemwel Valdecantos
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II” of Naples, 80138 Napoli, Italy
- Global Health Workforce Network (GHWN) Youth Hub, World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (R.L.V.); (R.P.)
| | - Raffaele Palladino
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II” of Naples, 80138 Napoli, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Research in Healthcare Management and Innovation in Healthcare (CIRMIS), University “Federico II” of Naples, 80138 Napoli, Italy
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College, London SW7 2BX, UK
- Correspondence: (R.L.V.); (R.P.)
| | - Andrea Lo Vecchio
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, University “Federico II” of Naples, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Emma Montella
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II” of Naples, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Triassi
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II” of Naples, 80138 Napoli, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Research in Healthcare Management and Innovation in Healthcare (CIRMIS), University “Federico II” of Naples, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Nardone
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II” of Naples, 80138 Napoli, Italy
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Marron L, Ferenczi A, O'Brien KM, Cotter S, Jessop L, Morrissey Y, Migone C. Views on COVID-19 vaccination of young children in Ireland, results from a cross-sectional survey of parents. Vaccine 2022; 40:5716-5725. [PMID: 36038408 PMCID: PMC9393176 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination of children aged 5 years and older is recommended as part of a multifaceted strategy to protect children against SARS CoV-2 infection and serious disease, and to control the spread of infection. COVID-19 vaccine trials in children aged less than5 years are underway, however, parental acceptance of vaccines for this age group is unknown. Between June and August 2021, a cross-sectional national survey of parental attitudes towards childhood vaccination in Ireland was conducted. Parents of children aged 0–48 months were surveyed to determine their attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines for their children. A total of 855 parents were surveyed. Overall, 50.6 % reported that they intend to vaccinate their child, 28.7 % reported that they did not intend to vaccinate and 20.2 % were unsure. Among those who stated that they did not intend to vaccinate their child, concern about risks and side effects of vaccination was the primary reason reported (45.6 %). The most frequently reported information needs related to side effects of the vaccine (64.7 %) and vaccine safety (60.3 %). Results of the multivariable analysis showed that believing COVID-19 can be a serious illness in children was a strong predictor of parental intention to vaccinate (aOR 4.88, 95 % CI 2.68, 8.91, p-value < 0.001). In comparison with Irish-born parents, parents born in a Central and Eastern European country were less likely to report intention to vaccinate (aOR 0.21, 95 % CI 0.09, 0.47, p-value, <0.001). Parental belief in vaccine importance and safety and parental trust in official vaccine information sources were associated with increased parental intention to vaccinate. Understanding parental attitudes to vaccination of young children against COVID-19 is important to tailor the provision of information to parents’ needs, and to inform the development of vaccination information and communication campaigns for current and future COVID-19 immunisations programmes for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Marron
- National Immunisation Office, Unit 8-9 Manor Street Business Park, Manor Street, Dublin 7, Ireland; Health Protection Surveillance Centre, 25-27 Middle Gardiner Street, Dublin 1, Ireland.
| | - Annamaria Ferenczi
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, 25-27 Middle Gardiner Street, Dublin 1, Ireland; European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden; Epidemiology and Surveillance Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katie M O'Brien
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, 25-27 Middle Gardiner Street, Dublin 1, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Cotter
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, 25-27 Middle Gardiner Street, Dublin 1, Ireland
| | - Lucy Jessop
- National Immunisation Office, Unit 8-9 Manor Street Business Park, Manor Street, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Yvonne Morrissey
- National Immunisation Office, Unit 8-9 Manor Street Business Park, Manor Street, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Chantal Migone
- National Immunisation Office, Unit 8-9 Manor Street Business Park, Manor Street, Dublin 7, Ireland
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Napolitano F, Miraglia del Giudice G, Angelillo S, Fattore I, Licata F, Pelullo CP, Di Giuseppe G. Hesitancy towards Childhood Vaccinations among Parents of Children with Underlying Chronic Medical Conditions in Italy. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10081254. [PMID: 36016141 PMCID: PMC9416633 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This study was designed to evaluate vaccination hesitancy and behaviors among parents of children with chronic conditions. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from June to December 2021 in three public hospitals in southern Italy. Data were collected using a face-to-face interview of parents of children up to 17 years of age with at least one chronic condition. Results: Of the 532 parents approached, 444 agreed to participate, with a response rate of 83.4%. Almost half of parents (43%) knew that children with chronic diseases are at greater risk of complications from VPDs, and 21.6% knew all the vaccinations available in Italy. Additionally, 55.9% felt that vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) are very dangerous for their children, and 28.7% were very worried about the side effects of vaccines. The result of the Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccine (PACV) score indicated that 23.2% of parents were hesitant about vaccinations. Parental vaccine hesitancy was significantly more common among parents who had female children, among those who did not know the recommended vaccinations, among those who had a higher concern of potential side effects of the vaccines, among those who believed that the administration of the vaccinations was not useful, and among who received information on recommended vaccination from the internet, social and mass media. Conclusions: Important efforts by policy makers and healthcare providers must be implemented to counter vaccine hesitancy among parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Napolitano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Angelillo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro ‘‘Magna Græcia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Italo Fattore
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Licata
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro ‘‘Magna Græcia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Concetta Paola Pelullo
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Di Giuseppe
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-5667708
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Kusuma YS, Kant S. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and its determinants: A cross-sectional study among the socioeconomically disadvantaged communities living in Delhi, India. Vaccine X 2022; 11:100171. [PMID: 35607603 PMCID: PMC9116429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2022.100171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the most desired solution to combat COVID-19. We examined the willingness to accept the vaccine and reasons for vaccine hesitancy, and identified some factors associated with the vaccine hesitancy among the socio-economically disadvantaged urban population from Delhi, India. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey of a randomly selected sample of 1539 households from 31 urban clusters. Data on socio-demographics, health beliefs, and willingness to accept the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine were collected through a face-to-face interviewer-administered, pre-tested questionnaire from an adult member. Vaccine acceptance/hesitancy was analysed by various socio-demographic and health belief variables. Multinomial regressions were carried out to identify the factors associated with the vaccine hesitancy. Results Overall, 64.9% (95% CI: 62.5 to 67.3) of the respondents would accept the vaccine, 17.4% (95% CI: 15.6 to 19.4) were undecided, and 17.7% (95% CI: 15.8 to 19.7) would not accept the vaccine. The reasons for not accepting the vaccine were: belief that they had immunity (12.9%), the corona was a hoax (11.8%), the vaccine was not necessary (7.4%), and did not want to disturb the natural bodily systems by the vaccine (5.6%). The undecided group mainly would like to wait and see (37.7%), decide when the vaccine become available (11.6%), will take if everyone in their community takes (10.4%). Multinomial logistic regression identified older age, low perceived susceptibility of contracting COVID-19, low perceived severity of COVID-19, low self-efficacy to protect against COVID-19, and unawareness and non-use of Arogyasetu App as significant predictors of vaccine hesitancy. Conclusions Two-thirds of Delhi's low-income groups would accept the vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. Vaccine hesitancy was associated with older age, low perceived susceptibility, low perceived severity, and low self-efficacy to protect themselves from COVID-19. Hence, efforts are needed to address these issues and vaccine concerns to increase the vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadlapalli S. Kusuma
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | - Shashi Kant
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110 029, India
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Salazar TL, Pollard DL, Pina-Thomas DM, Benton MJ. Parental vaccine hesitancy and concerns regarding the COVID-19 virus. J Pediatr Nurs 2022; 65:10-15. [PMID: 35367855 PMCID: PMC8970879 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study assessed parental vaccine hesitancy in a metropolitan area of the United States. The study aimed to determine what characteristics and contributing factors influenced parental vaccine hesitancy and concerns regarding COVID-19. DESIGN AND METHODS An online survey was used to recruit 93 parents to answer demographic and vaccine hesitancy information. Vaccine hesitancy was measured using the Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines survey. The study was conducted between June 2020 and September 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS The rate of vaccine hesitancy was 15%. One hundred percent of vaccine hesitant parents were mothers, at least 30 years of age, married, and had completed at least some college. When characteristics of vaccine hesitant parents were compared to non-hesitant parents, the hesitant parents reported having more children, with 93% reporting two or more children compared to only 74% of non-hesitant parents (p = 0.046). Fifty percent of hesitant parents reported no concerns regarding COVID-19 compared to only 20% of non-hesitant parents (p = 0.006), and significantly less hesitant parents reported willingness to have their children receive a safe, effective COVID-19 vaccine if it were available compared to non-hesitant parents (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that older mothers with two or more children are more likely to be vaccine hesitant and this hesitancy extends to the current COVID-19 pandemic. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Healthcare providers can use the results of this study to identify parents at risk for vaccine hesitancy and initiate individualized education to promote on-time childhood vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa L Salazar
- Helen & Arthur E. Johnson Beth-El College of Nursing & Health Sciences, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, United States of America; Hampden Medical Group, Englewood, CO, United States of America
| | - Deborah L Pollard
- Helen & Arthur E. Johnson Beth-El College of Nursing & Health Sciences, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, United States of America
| | - Deborah M Pina-Thomas
- Helen & Arthur E. Johnson Beth-El College of Nursing & Health Sciences, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, United States of America
| | - Melissa J Benton
- Helen & Arthur E. Johnson Beth-El College of Nursing & Health Sciences, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, United States of America.
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Napolitano F, Miraglia Del Giudice G, Pelullo CP, Di Giuseppe G, Pavia M. Do Pediatricians and Nurses Recommend Vaccines for Preterm Infants? A Survey in Italy. J Pediatr 2022; 246:64-70.e2. [PMID: 35452656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the level of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding vaccination in preterm infants among primary care pediatricians (PCPs) and health care workers (HCWs) in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). STUDY DESIGN Data were collected from PCPs through a confidential questionnaire distributed by email, whereas the research team distributed a self-administered anonymous questionnaire to all HCWs working in the selected NICUs. RESULTS Overall, 64.1% of HCWs consider vaccines in preterm infants to be very safe. The majority of HCWs (69.8%) stated that they always recommend that preterm infants' parents vaccinate their children following the same schedule as for term infants. This behavior was significantly more likely among those who know that the vaccination schedule for preterm infants is the same as for term infants, who consider vaccines in preterm infants very effective, and who strongly agree that preterm infants should be vaccinated on the same schedule as term infants. Moreover, PCPs were more likely than NICU pediatricians to always recommend that preterm infants' parents vaccinate their children following the immunization schedule of term infants, whereas this behavior was significantly less frequent among NICU nurses. CONCLUSIONS There is a need for physicians and nurses in the NICU and in the community to counteract missed or delayed immunizations. Engagement of HCWs in healthcare quality improvement initiatives focused on the promotion of timely vaccinations in preterm infants should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Napolitano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
| | | | - Concetta Paola Pelullo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Di Giuseppe
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Pavia
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy.
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Lecce M, Milani GP, Agostoni C, D'Auria E, Banderali G, Biganzoli G, Castellazzi L, Paramithiotti C, Salvatici E, Tommasi P, Zuccotti GV, Marchisio P, Castaldi S. Caregivers' Intention to Vaccinate Their Children Under 12 Years of Age Against COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Multi-Center Study in Milan, Italy. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:834363. [PMID: 35712618 PMCID: PMC9196897 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.834363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the pediatric population is increasingly recognized. A widespread vaccination in childhood would provide benefits for children and might help ending the pandemic by enhancing community protection. Following recent approval by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) of Comirnaty (Pfizer-BioNTech) for children aged 5-11 years, we aimed to investigate caregivers' intention to vaccinate their children <12 years of age against COVID-19. A structured questionnaire was administered to caregivers of children aged <12 years visiting the Emergency Department or the outpatient clinics in three major hospitals of Milan, Italy, from 20 September to 17 October 2021. A total of 612 caregivers were invited to participate and 604 accepted (response rate >98%). Three questionnaires were excluded due to compiling errors and 601 were included in the analysis. A total of 311 (51.7%) caregivers stated they would have their child vaccinated, 138 (23%) would refuse to vaccinate their child and 152 (25.3%) were unsure. The intention to vaccinate the child was higher in caregivers vaccinated against COVID-19, in those with a bachelor's degree or higher level of education, and in those with friends/acquaintances who became ill or died due to COVID-19. This study shows that increasing efforts are necessary to provide evidence-based tailored information to caregivers and to promote vaccination in this pediatric age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Lecce
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Postgraduate School of Public Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gregorio Paolo Milani
- Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Agostoni
- Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Enza D'Auria
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale dei Bambini Vittore Buzzi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Banderali
- Department of Pediatrics, AO San Paolo, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Biganzoli
- Unit of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (DIBIC) “L. Sacco” & DSRC, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Castellazzi
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Costanza Paramithiotti
- Department of Pediatrics, AO San Paolo, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Salvatici
- Department of Pediatrics, AO San Paolo, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Tommasi
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale dei Bambini Vittore Buzzi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale dei Bambini Vittore Buzzi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences – L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Marchisio
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Castaldi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Postgraduate School of Public Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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How Were Healthcare Workers after Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination? A Study of the Emotional Side Effects of Vaccination. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10060854. [PMID: 35746462 PMCID: PMC9229046 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10060854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines appear to be the only escape from the COVID-19 pandemic. As healthcare workers were among the first in society to be vaccinated, understanding their emotional status post-vaccination is fundamental to the promotion of COVID-19 vaccines among the rest of society. The aims of this study were to investigate the predictors of positive and negative emotions experienced by healthcare workers after being vaccinated and to understand whether those emotions were related to the modalities of vaccine promotion within the community. A cohort of 5790 Italian healthcare workers completed an original online survey regarding their experience with anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and reported on a series of personal and environmental factors. The data obtained show that increased risk perception of COVID-19, vaccine confidence and receipt of greater quantities of information regarding vaccines are predictors of a more positive emotional state post-vaccination. Predictors of a more negative emotional state are older age, lower education, lower confidence and receipt of smaller quantities of information, in addition to neurotic personality traits and high risk perception of COVID-19. Importantly, vaccination promotion may be favoured by a happy emotional status after vaccination. This study can serve as a source of guidelines for the promotion of COVID-19 vaccination among healthcare workers and laypeople.
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Parental Hesitancy towards the Established Childhood Vaccination Programmes in the COVID-19 Era: Assessing the Drivers of a Challenging Public Health Concern. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10050814. [PMID: 35632570 PMCID: PMC9144671 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10050814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Vaccine hesitancy remains a major public health concern. The reasons behind this attitude are complex and warrant careful consideration, especially in the context of the COVID-19 era. The purpose of this study was to estimate vaccine hesitancy towards the established childhood immunization programmes in a non-random sample of Greek parents and explore possible links with important drivers of this phenomenon. (2) Methods: An online self-administered questionnaire was used from October 2020 to April 2021 to collect socio-demographic, lifestyle, and health status data and evaluate knowledge, views, and attitudes of the Greek population on COVID-19 pandemic-related issues. Parents were further asked to complete the Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines (PACV) questionnaire. (3) Results: A total of 1095 parents participated in the study with a mean age of 50 years (SD 9.5 years). The hesitancy against the established childhood vaccinations was estimated at 8.9% (95% CI, 7.3–10.8%). Married status and higher education and income were negatively correlated with hesitancy, whereas positive correlations were found for stress and depressive symptoms and current smoking. Variables related to proper awareness, sound knowledge, and trust toward authorities regarding the COVID-19 pandemic were strongly associated with being less hesitant against the established childhood vaccination programmes. (4) Conclusion: The estimated parental hesitancy against the established childhood vaccination programmes is worrisome. Variables related to good awareness and knowledge of the COVID-19 pandemic were strongly associated with being less hesitant against childhood vaccinations. Since controversy surrounding COVID-19 vaccinations may decrease parents’ confidence in routine childhood vaccinations, appreciating the complex reasons behind vaccine hesitancy may inform public health policies to overcome barriers and increase vaccine acceptance.
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Rania N, Coppola I, Brucci M, Lagomarsino F. Attitudes and Beliefs of the Italian Population towards COVID-19 Vaccinations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106139. [PMID: 35627676 PMCID: PMC9141803 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Despite the numerous campaigns to encourage vaccination against COVID-19, the public debate and often conflicting information have left many individuals uncertain about the decision to make on whether or not to vaccinate. Methods: This research aims to analyze the attitudes and beliefs of the Italian population towards COVID-19 and other vaccinations through a quantitative methodology. In all, 500 adults (Age M = 39.52) participated in this exploratory study with an online questionnaire conducted in April 2021. Results: most participants believe vaccination is necessary to defeat COVID-19; there is an age-related difference in getting vaccinations, and women were more afraid of unexpected future effects than men; older participants have expressed a greater willingness to pay to be vaccinated against COVID-19 (4). Conclusion: In light of these results, it is necessary to pay greater attention to the perplexity and fears expressed by the population, especially women and youth, in relation to vaccinations; in fact, it would help to achieve a wider adherence to the tools designed to contain the spread of viruses at the base of severe health crises.
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Santos Júnior CJD, Costa PJMDS. [Cross-cultural adaptation and validation for Brazilian Portuguese of the Parent Attitudes about the Childhood Vaccine (PACV) questionnaire]. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2022; 27:2057-2070. [PMID: 35544831 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232022275.11802021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite vaccine hesitancy being a recognized problem in Brazil, the extent of the problem is still a challenge. However, it is acknowledged that identifying parents who are hesitant about vaccines is a fundamental condition for the implementation of efficient health communication programs. Thus, the scope of this work was to carry out the cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Parent Attitudes About Childhood Vaccine (PACV) questionnaire in Brazilian Portuguese. It is a cross-cultural adaptation study with the following steps: translation, synthesis, back-translation, quality assessment, expert committee, pre-test, reliability assessment and, finally, submission and approval. After carrying out these steps, it was observed that, in the evaluation of the Content Validity Index (CVI), no PACV question obtained CVI<0.80 in the dimensions of semantic, idiomatic, conceptual and cultural equivalence. In the global IVC, the Brazilian version of the PACV reached 0.91, indicating good interappraiser agreement and evidence of content-based validity. Cronbach's alpha for the instrument was 0.91. The PACV was adapted to Brazilian Portuguese, giving rise to the PAVC-Brasil version, which presented evidence of content-based validity, in addition to good internal consistency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio José Dos Santos Júnior
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ensino em Saúde e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual de Ciências da Saúde de Alagoas (UNCISAL). R. Dr. Jorge de Lima 113, Trapiche da Barra. 57010-300 Maceió AL Brasil. claudiosantos_al@ hotmail.com
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Kiener LM, Schwendener CL, Jafflin K, Meier A, Reber N, Schärli Maurer S, Muggli F, Gültekin N, Huber BM, Merten S, Deml MJ, Tarr PE. Vaccine hesitancy and HPV vaccine uptake among male and female youth in Switzerland: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e053754. [PMID: 35450894 PMCID: PMC9024257 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Identifying factors associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake is essential for designing successful vaccination programmes. We aimed to examine the association between vaccine hesitancy (VH) and HPV vaccine uptake among male and female youth in Switzerland. DESIGN With a cross-sectional study, an interview-based questionnaire was used to collect information on sociodemographic factors, vaccination records and to measure the prevalence of VH using the Youth Attitudes about Vaccines scale (YAV-5), a modified version of the Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccinations survey instrument. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Eligible male and female participants, 15-26 years of age, were recruited through physicians' offices and military enlistment in all three language regions of Switzerland. Of 1001 participants, we included 674 participants with a vaccination record available (415 males and 259 females) in this study. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The outcome was uptake for HPV vaccine (having received ≥1 dose of HPV vaccine). Covariates were VH, sex, age and other sociodemographics. RESULTS 151 (58%) female and 64 (15%) male participants received ≥1 dose of HPV vaccine. 81 (31%) female and 92 (22%) male participants were VH (YAV-5-Score >50). The odds for being unvaccinated were higher for VH women than non-VH women, adjusted OR=4.90 (95% CI 2.53 to 9.50), but similar among VH and non-VH men, OR=1.90 (95% CI 0.84 to 4.31). The odds for being unvaccinated were lower for younger men (born on or after 1 July 2002) than older men (born before 1 July 2002), OR=0.34 (95% CI 0.14 to 0.81), but we found no association between age and vaccine uptake for female youth, OR=0.97 (95% CI 0.48 to 1.97). CONCLUSIONS VH was associated with lower HPV vaccine uptake in female youth but not male youth in our study population in Switzerland. Our findings suggest that issues other than VH contribute to HPV underimmunisation in male youth in Switzerland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Kiener
- University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Baselland, Bruderholz, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Corina L Schwendener
- University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Baselland, Bruderholz, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kristen Jafflin
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Audrey Meier
- University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Baselland, Bruderholz, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Noah Reber
- University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Baselland, Bruderholz, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Franco Muggli
- Rekrutierungszentrum Monte Ceneri, Schweizer Armee, Monte Ceneri, Switzerland
| | - Nejla Gültekin
- Kompetenzzentrum für Militär- und Katastrophenmedizin, Eidgenössisches Departement für Verteidigung, Bevölkerungsschutz und Sport VBS Schweizer Armee, Ittigen, Switzerland
| | - Benedikt M Huber
- Department of Pediatrics, HFR Fribourg Cantonal Hospital, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Sonja Merten
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael J Deml
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philip E Tarr
- University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Baselland, Bruderholz, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Di Giuseppe G, Pelullo CP, Volgare AS, Napolitano F, Pavia M. Parents' Willingness to Vaccinate Their Children With COVID-19 Vaccine: Results of a Survey in Italy. J Adolesc Health 2022; 70:550-558. [PMID: 35305792 PMCID: PMC8767903 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the parents' willingness to vaccinate their children with the COVID-19 vaccine and related determinants with specific attention to willingness for adolescents as compared to younger children. METHODS Data were collected through a confidential online questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 607 parents agreed to participate. More than two-thirds of the parents had good knowledge about the modes of transmission of COVID-19, knew that subjects of any age may be susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and 85.5% correctly indicated the main behavioral preventive measures against COVID-19. With regard to attitudes, 78.7% agreed that COVID-19 is a serious disease, whereas only 42.3% agreed that it is preventable. Overall, 68.5% were willing to vaccinate their children with the COVID-19 vaccine, specifically 74.5% of parents of adolescents and 65.5% of those of younger children, and the results of the multivariate analysis showed that parents of adolescents aged 12-15 years or 16-18 years compared to those of children aged 11 years or less, those who had more than two children, those who reported that their children had been visited by the primary care pediatrician/physician in the previous 12 months, those who agreed that COVID-19 is a serious disease, considered very useful the COVID-19 vaccine, had been vaccinated against influenza in the previous season, and had received at least one shot of COVID-19 vaccine were more likely to be willing to vaccinate their children. CONCLUSION In conclusion, a relevant proportion of parents are willing to vaccinate their children, with the parents of adolescents showing a higher willingness compared to those of younger children. However, there is still room for reducing hesitancy and refusal of the COVID-19 vaccine in this strategic population group by promoting communication to mitigate concerns toward the COVID-19 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Maria Pavia
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
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Miskulin M, Mujkic A, Miskulin I, Makaric ZL, Kovacevic E, Pintaric L, Pavic Z. Vaccination Attitudes and Experiences of Medical Doctors in Croatia amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Social Roles Conflict? Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10030399. [PMID: 35335031 PMCID: PMC8954650 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10030399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the range of experiences and attitudes of Croatian medical doctors (MDs) related to vaccination and vaccine hesitancy. In January 2021 three asynchronous online focus groups were held using MRQual, a web-based platform, which included 46 MDs from all three levels of the healthcare system in Croatia. NVivo, a qualitative data analysis software package, was used for the thematic analysis of collected data. The participants expressed a high level of support for the Croatian immunization program and vaccines in general. However, some skepticism was expressed regarding new vaccines and the regulatory processes of their approval. A significant number of participants raised concerns over the approval of COVID-19 vaccines, especially given their rapid development. The results also revealed that the process of communication with patients is often based on the very elaborate categorizations of patients based on previous experience, which leads to prioritizing and a communication breakup when dealing with “problematic patients”. MDs find themselves in a delicate situation where a fine balance between time-consuming communication with patients and the demands for maintaining satisfying vaccination uptake is needed. The situation arises from a social roles conflict that is embedded in wider social values and expectations, since communication problems do not arise in the doctor’s office, and therefore cannot be solved without addressing the social forces that cause trust deficiencies. To achieve better immunization results public health leaders need to better understand the social contexts and constraints of MDs vaccine-related behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Miskulin
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Aida Mujkic
- Andrija Stampar School of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Ivan Miskulin
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-912241500
| | - Zvjezdana Lovric Makaric
- Division for Epidemiology of Communicable Diseases, Croatian Institute of Public Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Emma Kovacevic
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (E.K.); (L.P.); (Z.P.)
| | - Ljiljana Pintaric
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (E.K.); (L.P.); (Z.P.)
| | - Zeljko Pavic
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (E.K.); (L.P.); (Z.P.)
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