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Guzylack-Piriou L, Gausseres B, Tasca C, Hassel C, Tabouret G, Foucras G. A loss of function mutation in SOCS2 results in increased inflammatory response of macrophages to TLR ligands and Staphylococcus aureus. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1397330. [PMID: 39185412 PMCID: PMC11341364 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1397330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The role of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)2 in anti-infective bacterial immunity has been poorly investigated compared to other members of the SOCS family. Methods We characterized the previously identified loss of function R96C point mutation of SOCS2 using a genome-edited mouse model that resumes the phenotype of Socs2 knockout mice. The response of macrophages to TLR-ligands and Staphylococcus aureus was examined. Results and discussion Conversely to previously published data using human monocyte-derived macrophages, the stimulation of bone-marrow-derived macrophages with various TLR ligands did not show any difference according to the SOCS2 variant. Upregulation of IL-6 and TNF-α pro-inflammatory cytokines production was only seen when the SOCS2 expression was promoted by the culture of macrophages in the presence of GM-CSF. Furthermore, we showed that the SOCS2 point mutation is associated with heightened STAT5 phosphorylation in a short time frame upon GM-CSF incubation. In mice, recruitment of neutrophil and F4/80int Ly6C+ inflammatory macrophage, as well as IFN-γ and IL-10 concentrations, are significantly increased upon S. aureus peritoneal infection. Altogether, these data support the idea that by lowering the pro-inflammatory environment, SOCS2 favors better control of bacterial burden during a systemic infection caused by S. aureus.
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Jafarzadeh A, Jafarzadeh Z, Nemati M, Yoshimura A. The Interplay Between Helicobacter pylori and Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) Molecules in the Development of Gastric Cancer and Induction of Immune Response. Helicobacter 2024; 29:e13105. [PMID: 38924222 DOI: 10.1111/hel.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonizes the stomach and leads to the secretion of a vast range of cytokines by infiltrated leukocytes directing immune/inflammatory response against the bacterium. To regulate immune/inflammatory responses, suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins bind to multiple signaling components located downstream of cytokine receptors, such as Janus kinase (JAK), signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT). Dysfunctional SOCS proteins in immune cells may facilitate the immune evasion of H. pylori, allowing the bacteria to induce chronic inflammation. Dysregulation of SOCS expression and function can contribute to the sustained H. pylori-mediated gastric inflammation which can lead to gastric cancer (GC) development. Among SOCS molecules, dysregulated expression of SOCS1, SOCS2, SOCS3, and SOCS6 were indicated in H. pylori-infected individuals as well as in GC tissues and cells. H. pylori-induced SOCS1, SOCS2, SOCS3, and SOCS6 dysregulation can contribute to the GC development. The expression of SOCS molecules can be influenced by various factors, such as epigenetic DNA methylation, noncoding RNAs, and gene polymorphisms. Modulation of the expression of SOCS molecules in gastric epithelial cells and immune cells can be considered to control gastric carcinogenesis as well as regulate antitumor immune responses, respectively. This review aimed to explain the interplay between H. pylori and SOCS molecules in GC development and immune response induction as well as to provide insights regarding potential therapeutic strategies modulating SOCS molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Applied Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zahra Jafarzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Nemati
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Akihiko Yoshimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Cianciulli A, Calvello R, Porro C, Lofrumento DD, Panaro MA. Inflammatory Skin Diseases: Focus on the Role of Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) Proteins. Cells 2024; 13:505. [PMID: 38534350 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory skin diseases include a series of disorders characterized by a strong activation of the innate and adaptive immune system in which proinflammatory cytokines play a fundamental role in supporting inflammation. Skin inflammation is a complex process influenced by various factors, including genetic and environmental factors, characterized by the dysfunction of both immune and non-immune cells. Psoriasis (PS) and atopic dermatitis (AD) are the most common chronic inflammatory conditions of the skin whose pathogeneses are very complex and multifactorial. Both diseases are characterized by an immunological dysfunction involving a predominance of Th1 and Th17 cells in PS and of Th2 cells in AD. Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins are intracellular proteins that control inflammatory responses by regulating various signaling pathways activated by proinflammatory cytokines. SOCS signaling is involved in the regulation and progression of inflammatory responses in skin-resident and non-resident immune cells, and recent data suggest that these negative modulators are dysregulated in inflammatory skin diseases such as PS and AD. This review focuses on the current understanding about the role of SOCS proteins in modulating the activity of inflammatory mediators implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases such as PS and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Cianciulli
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Rosa Calvello
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara Porro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, I-71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - Dario Domenico Lofrumento
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Salento, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Panaro
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, I-70125 Bari, Italy
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Liu W, Tao YH, Lu CP, Zhang L, Chen J, Lin ZH. Transcriptomic analysis of skin immunity genes in the Chinese spiny frog (Quasipaa spinosa) after Proteus mirabilis infection. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 49:101172. [PMID: 38056223 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, populations of Chinese spiny frogs (Quasipaa spinosa), an important amphibian species in China, have decreased, mainly due to a disease caused by the gram-negative bacteria Proteus mirabilis. To elucidate the immune response of the frogs, this study aimed to identify novel candidate genes functionally associated with P. mirabilis infection-induced "rotting skin" disease. Chinese spiny frogs were infected with P. mirabilis, and the skin transcriptome was sequenced using the MGISEQ-2000 platform. A total of 233,965 unigenes were obtained by sequencing, of which 27.23 % were known genes. Screening of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) indicated 210 unigenes differentially expressed after P. mirabilis infection, of which 132 unigenes were up-regulated, and 78 unigenes were down-regulated. Using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis, DEGs were identified as enriched in signal pathways, such as oxidative phosphorylation, apoptosis, and the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway. Of the DEGs, there was a significant upregulation of the colony stimulating factor 2 receptor beta common subunit, interleukin 2 receptor subunit gamma, cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, interleukin-17 receptor E, receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 3, and pulmonary surfactant-associated protein D immune genes following P. mirabilis infection. Conversely, scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domain-containing group B protein, tumor protein p53 inducible nuclear protein 2, suppressor of cytokine signaling 2, and metalloreductase STEAP3 were significantly downregulated. In conclusion, the first skin transcriptome database of Chinese spiny frogs was established, and several immune genes were identified to elucidate the pathogenic mechanism of "skin rot" in Chinese spiny frogs and other cultured frogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Industrial College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Health, Lishui University, Lishui 323000, China; Forestry Bureau of Lishui City, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Yu-Hui Tao
- Forestry Bureau of Jinyun County, Lishui 321400, China
| | - Cheng-Pu Lu
- Industrial College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Health, Lishui University, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Le Zhang
- School of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Industrial College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Health, Lishui University, Lishui 323000, China.
| | - Zhi-Hua Lin
- Industrial College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Health, Lishui University, Lishui 323000, China.
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5
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Sun X, Guo P, Wang N, Shi Y, Li Y. A refined therapeutic plan based on the machine-learning prognostic model of liver hepatocellular carcinoma. Comput Biol Med 2024; 169:107907. [PMID: 38184863 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
To deeply explore new strategy of the individual therapy for the patients with liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), we observed gene expression profile in patients with LIHC and made a comprehensive analysis of the inflammation-related phenotypes, we detected a set of characteristic genes associated with the biological activities of tumor cells, among which 3 genes and 2 lncRNAs are tagged on the LIHC prognosis. Then we constructed a novel prognostic model by machine learning, called Inf-PR model, and evaluated the drug sensitivity and immune targets by a series of bioinformatics tools. Ten-fold cross-validation testified that the model achieved excellent performance on prediction and classification of prognostic risks, which was not only able to get more reliable prognosis information than the age, gender, grade and stage, but also exceeded those previously reported similar models. Accordingly, drug sensitivity was detected in different prognostic risk groups, the result displayed that 10 FDA-approved small molecular drugs including lovastatin and sorafenib had higher sensitivities and perturbativities in the high-risk group, and other 15 drugs including doxorubicin and lenvatinib had better sensitivities and perturbativities in the low-risk group. Moreover, it suggested the patients with high risk would better combine with immunotherapy than those with low risk. Taken together, this study presents a new individual precision strategy about drug and target selection to treat LIHC based on this evaluation model, which is a powerful supplement for current anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangcheng Sun
- West China Biopharm Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Peng Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Ning Wang
- West China Biopharm Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yun Shi
- West China Biopharm Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yan Li
- West China Biopharm Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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Petkau G, Mitchell TJ, Evans MJ, Matheson L, Salerno F, Turner M. Zfp36l1 establishes the high-affinity CD8 T-cell response by directly linking TCR affinity to cytokine sensing. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350700. [PMID: 38039407 PMCID: PMC11146077 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
How individual T cells compete for and respond to IL-2 at the molecular level, and, as a consequence, how this shapes population dynamics and the selection of high-affinity clones is still poorly understood. Here we describe how the RNA binding protein ZFP36L1, acts as a sensor of TCR affinity to promote clonal expansion of high-affinity CD8 T cells. As part of an incoherent feed-forward loop, ZFP36L1 has a nonredundant role in suppressing multiple negative regulators of cytokine signaling and mediating a selection mechanism based on competition for IL-2. We suggest that ZFP36L1 acts as a sensor of antigen affinity and establishes the dominance of high-affinity T cells by installing a hierarchical response to IL-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Petkau
- The Babraham InstituteBabraham Research CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Twm J. Mitchell
- The Babraham InstituteBabraham Research CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Louise Matheson
- The Babraham InstituteBabraham Research CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Fiamma Salerno
- The Babraham InstituteBabraham Research CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Martin Turner
- The Babraham InstituteBabraham Research CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
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Costa SF, Soares MF, Poleto Bragato J, dos Santos MO, Rebech GT, de Freitas JH, de Lima VMF. MicroRNA-194 regulates parasitic load and IL-1β-dependent nitric oxide production in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of dogs with leishmaniasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0011789. [PMID: 38241360 PMCID: PMC10798644 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Domestic dogs are the primary urban reservoirs of Leishmania infantum, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis. In Canine Leishmaniasis (CanL), modulation of the host's immune response may be associated with the expression of small non-coding RNAs called microRNA (miR). miR-194 expression increases in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of dogs with leishmaniasis with a positive correlation with the parasite load and in silico analysis demonstrated that the TRAF6 gene is the target of miR-194 in PBMCs from diseased dogs. Here, we isolated PBMCs from 5 healthy dogs and 28 dogs with leishmaniasis, naturally infected with L. infantum. To confirm changes in miR-194 and TRAF6 expression, basal expression of miR-194 and gene expression of TRAF6 was measured using qPCR. PBMCs from healthy dogs and dogs with leishmaniasis were transfected with miR-194 scramble, mimic, and inhibitor and cultured at 37° C, 5% CO2 for 48 hours. The expression of possible targets was measured: iNOS, NO, T-bet, GATA3, and FoxP3 were measured using flow cytometry; the production of cytokines IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and TGF-β in cell culture supernatants was measured using capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Parasite load was measured using cytometry and qPCR. Functional assays followed by miR-194 inhibitor and IL-1β blockade and assessment of NO production were also performed. Basal miR-194 expression was increased in PBMC from dogs with Leishmaniasis and was negatively correlated with TRAF6 expression. The mimic of miR-194 promoted an increase in parasite load. There were no significant changes in T-bet, GATA3, or FoxP3 expression with miR-194 enhancement or inhibition. Inhibition of miR-194 increased IL-1β and NO in PBMCs from diseased dogs, and blockade of IL-1β following miR-194 inhibition decreased NO levels. These findings suggest that miR-194 is upregulated in PBMCs from dogs with leishmaniasis and increases parasite load, possibly decreasing NO production via IL-1β. These results increase our understanding of the mechanisms of evasion of the immune response by the parasite and the identification of possible therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidnei Ferro Costa
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matheus Fujimura Soares
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Poleto Bragato
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marilene Oliveira dos Santos
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Torres Rebech
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Henrique de Freitas
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valéria Marçal Felix de Lima
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
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8
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Gu X, Wei F, Tong J, Liu Y, Chen S, Zheng L, Xing Y. MiR-9 promotes G-MDSC recruitment and tumor proliferation by targeting SOCS3 in breast cancer. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23388. [PMID: 38145323 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301764rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous group of cells that differentiate from myeloid cells, proliferate in cancer and inflammatory reactions, and mainly exert immunosuppressive functions. Nonetheless, the precise mechanisms that dictate both the accumulation and function of MDSCs remain only partially elucidated. In the course of our investigation, we observed a positive correlation between the content of MDSCs especially G-MDSCs and miR-9 level in the tumor tissues derived from miR-9 knockout MMTV-PyMT mice and 4T1 tumor-bearing mice with miR-9 overexpression. Combined with RNA-seq analysis, we identified SOCS2 and SOCS3 as direct targets of miR-9. Additionally, our research unveiled the pivotal role of the CCL5/CCR5 axis in orchestrating the chemotactic recruitment of G-MDSCs within the tumor microenvironment, a process that is enhanced by miR-9. These findings provide fresh insights into the molecular mechanisms governing the accumulation of MDSCs within the framework of breast cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Gu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Wei
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinzhe Tong
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yichen Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Simiao Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lufeng Zheng
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Xing
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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9
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Jafarzadeh A, Chauhan P, Nemati M, Jafarzadeh S, Yoshimura A. Aberrant expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) molecules contributes to the development of allergic diseases. Clin Exp Allergy 2023; 53:1147-1161. [PMID: 37641429 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS) proteins bind to certain cytokine receptors, Janus kinases and signalling molecules to regulate signalling pathways, thus controlling immune and inflammatory responses. Dysregulated expression of various types of SOCS molecules was indicated in multiple types of allergic diseases. SOCS1, SOCS2, SOCS3, SOCS5, and cytokine-inducible SH2 domain protein (CISH) can differentially exert anti-allergic impacts through different mechanisms, such as suppressing Th2 cell development and activation, reducing eosinophilia, decreasing IgE production, repressing production of pro-allergic chemokines, promoting Treg cell differentiation and activation, suppressing Th17 cell differentiation and activation, increasing anti-allergic Th1 responses, inhibiting M2 macrophage polarization, modulating survival and development of mast cells, reducing pro-allergic activity of keratinocytes, and suppressing pulmonary fibrosis. Although some anti-allergic effects were attributed to SOCS3, it can perform pro-allergic impacts through several pathways, such as promoting Th2 cell development and activation, supporting eosinophilia, boosting pro-allergic activity of eosinophils, increasing IgE production, enhancing the expression of the pro-allergic chemokine receptor, reducing Treg cell differentiation, increasing pro-allergic Th9 responses, as well as supporting mucus secretion and collagen deposition. In this review, we discuss the contrasting roles of SOCS proteins in contexts of allergic disorders to provide new insights regarding the pathophysiology of these diseases and possibly explore SOCS proteins as potential therapeutic targets for alleviating allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Prashant Chauhan
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Maryam Nemati
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Sara Jafarzadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Akihiko Yoshimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Zhang FL, Hu Z, Wang YF, Zhang WJ, Zhou BW, Sun QS, Lin ZB, Liu KX. Organoids transplantation attenuates intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice through L-Malic acid-mediated M2 macrophage polarization. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6779. [PMID: 37880227 PMCID: PMC10600233 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42502-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal organoid transplantation is a promising therapy for the treatment of mucosal injury. However, how the transplanted organoids regulate the immune microenvironment of recipient mice and their role in treating intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unclear. Here, we establish a method for transplanting intestinal organoids into intestinal I/R mice. We find that transplantation improve mouse survival, promote self-renewal of intestinal stem cells and regulate the immune microenvironment after intestinal I/R, depending on the enhanced ability of macrophages polarized to an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Specifically, we report that L-Malic acid (MA) is highly expressed and enriched in the organoids-derived conditioned medium and cecal contents of transplanted mice, demonstrating that organoids secrete MA during engraftment. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrate that MA induces M2 macrophage polarization and restores interleukin-10 levels in a SOCS2-dependent manner. This study provides a therapeutic strategy for intestinal I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ling Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wen-Juan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Bo-Wei Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qi-Shun Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ze-Bin Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ke-Xuan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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11
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Alvarez F, Piccirillo CA. The functional adaptation of effector Foxp3 + regulatory T cells to pulmonary inflammation. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2250273. [PMID: 37366319 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
During infections, the timings of effector differentiation of pulmonary immune responses are of paramount importance, as pathogen persistence and unsuppressed inflammation can rapidly lead to a loss of function, increased frailty, and death. Thus, both an efficient clearance of the danger and a rapid resolution of inflammation are critical to host survival. We now know that tissue-localized FoxP3+ regulatory T cells, a subset of CD4+ T cells, are highly attuned to the type of immune response, acquiring unique phenotypic characteristics that allow them to adapt their suppressive functions with the nature of inflammatory cells. To achieve this, activated effector TREG cells acquire specialized TH 1, TH 2, and TH 17-like characteristics that allow them to migrate, survive, and time their function(s) through refined mechanisms. Herein, we describe how this process requires a unique developmental path that includes the acquisition of master transcription factors and the expression of receptors adapted to sense local danger signals that are found during pulmonary inflammation. In turn, we offer an overview of how these characteristics promote the capacity of local effector TREG cells to proliferate, survive, and display suppressive strategies to resolve lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Alvarez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunology in Global Health, Centre for Translational Biology, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre of Excellence in Translational Immunology (CETI), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ciriaco A Piccirillo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunology in Global Health, Centre for Translational Biology, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre of Excellence in Translational Immunology (CETI), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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12
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SOCS2 regulation of growth hormone signaling requires a canonical interaction with phosphotyrosine. Biosci Rep 2022; 42:232115. [PMID: 36398696 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20221683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 2 is the critical negative regulator of growth hormone (GH) and prolactin signaling. Mice lacking SOCS2 display gigantism with increased body weight and length, and an enhanced response to GH treatment. Here, we characterized mice carrying a germ-line R96C mutation within the SOCS2-SH2 domain, which disrupts the ability of SOCS2 to interact with tyrosine-phosphorylated targets. Socs2R96C/R96C mice displayed a similar increase in growth as previously observed in SOCS2 null (Socs2-/-) mice, with a proportional increase in body and organ weight, and bone length. Embryonic fibroblasts isolated from Socs2R96C/R96C and Socs2-/- mice also showed a comparable increase in phosphorylation of STAT5 following GH stimulation, indicating the critical role of phosphotyrosine binding in SOCS2 function.
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Kopalli SR, Annamneedi VP, Koppula S. Potential Natural Biomolecules Targeting JAK/STAT/SOCS Signaling in the Management of Atopic Dermatitis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144660. [PMID: 35889539 PMCID: PMC9319717 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease caused by the dysregulation of cytokines and other immune mediators. JAK/STAT is a classical signal transduction pathway involved in various biological processes, and its dysregulation contributes to the key aspects of AD pathogenesis. Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins negatively regulate the immune-related inflammatory responses mediated by the JAK/STAT pathway. JAK/STAT-mediated production of cytokines including IL-4, IL-13, IL-31, and TSLP inhibits the expression of important skin barrier proteins and triggers pruritus in AD. The expression of SOCS proteins regulates the JAK-mediated cytokines and facilitates maintaining the skin barrier disruptions seen in AD. STATs are crucial in dendritic-cell-activated Th2 cell differentiation in the skin, releasing inflammatory cytokines, indicating that AD is a Th2-mediated skin disorder. SOCS proteins aid in balancing Th1/Th2 cells and, moreover, regulate the onset and maintenance of Th2-mediated allergic responses by reducing the Th2 cell activation and differentiation. SOCS proteins play a pivotal role in inflammatory cytokine-signaling events that act via the JAK/STAT pathway. Therapies relying on natural products and derived biomolecules have proven beneficial in AD when compared with the synthetic regimen. In this review, we focused on the available literature on the potential natural-product-derived biomolecules targeting JAK/STAT/SOCS signaling, mainly emphasizing the SOCS family of proteins (SOCS1, SOCS3, and SOCS5) acting as negative regulators in modulating JAK/STAT-mediated responses in AD pathogenesis and other inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Venkata Prakash Annamneedi
- Convergence Science Research Center, College of Pharmacy and Institute of Chronic Diseases, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Korea;
| | - Sushruta Koppula
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27381, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Farmanzadeh A, Qujeq D, Yousefi T. The Interaction Network of MicroRNAs with Cytokines and Signaling Pathways in Allergic Asthma. Microrna 2022; 11:104-117. [PMID: 35507792 DOI: 10.2174/2211536611666220428134324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a complicated disease that is affected by many factors. Numerous cytokines and signaling pathways are attributed to the cause of asthma symptoms. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding single-stranded RNA molecules that are involved in gene silencing and posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression by targeting mRNAs. In pathological conditions, altered expression of microRNAs differentially regulates cytokines and signaling pathways and therefore, can be the underlying reason for the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. Indeed, microRNAs participate in airway inflammation via inducing airway structural cells and activating immune responses by targeting cytokines and signaling pathways. Thus, to make a complete understanding of allergic asthma, it is necessary to investigate the communication network of microRNAs with cytokines and signaling pathways which is contributed to the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. Here, we shed light on this aspect of asthma pathology by Summarizing our current knowledge of this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Farmanzadeh
- Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Durdi Qujeq
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Tooba Yousefi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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15
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The ubiquitin ligase Cul5 regulates CD4 + T cell fate choice and allergic inflammation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2786. [PMID: 35589717 PMCID: PMC9120070 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30437-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Antigen encounter directs CD4+ T cells to differentiate into T helper or regulatory cells. This process focuses the immune response on the invading pathogen and limits tissue damage. Mechanisms that govern T helper cell versus T regulatory cell fate remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the E3 ubiquitin ligase Cul5 determines fate selection in CD4+ T cells by regulating IL-4 receptor signaling. Mice lacking Cul5 in T cells develop Th2 and Th9 inflammation and show pathophysiological features of atopic asthma. Following T cell activation, Cul5 forms a complex with CIS and pJak1. Cul5 deletion reduces ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of pJak1, leading to an increase in pJak1 and pSTAT6 levels and reducing the threshold of IL-4 receptor signaling. As a consequence, Cul5 deficient CD4+ T cells deviate from Treg to Th9 differentiation in low IL-4 conditions. These data support the notion that Cul5 promotes a tolerogenic T cell fate choice and reduces susceptibility to allergic asthma. Cytokine signaling influences the differentiation of CD4+ T cells into varying functional subsets. Here the authors show that an E3 ubiquitin ligase Cul5 alters TH2 and TH9 development and absence of Cul5 in T cells results in higher levels of allergy-associated IL-4 and IL-9 secreting T cells.
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16
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SOCS2 expression in hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells during Trypanosoma cruzi infection: Correlation with immune response and cardiac dysfunction. Clin Immunol 2021; 234:108913. [PMID: 34954347 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease has a complex pathogenesis wherein the host immune response is essential for controlling its development. Suppressor of cytokine signaling(SOCS)2 is a crucial protein that regulates cytokine production. In this study, SOCS2 deficiency resulted in an initial imbalance of IL12- and IL-10-producing neutrophils and dendritic cells (DCs), which caused a long-lasting impact reducing inflammatory neutrophils and DCs, and tolerogenic DCs at the peak of acute disease. A reduced number of inflammatory and pro-resolving macrophages, and IL17A-producing CD4+ T cells, and increased lymphocyte apoptosis was found in SOCS2-deficient mice. Electrocardiogram analysis of chimeric mice showed that WT mice that received SOCS2 KO bone marrow transplantation presented increased heart dysfunction. Taken together, the results demonstrated that SOCS2 is a crucial regulator of the immune response during Trypanosoma cruzi infection, and suggest that a SOCS2 genetic polymorphism, or failure of its expression, may increase the susceptibility of cardiomyopathy development in Chagasic patients.
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Linossi EM, Li K, Veggiani G, Tan C, Dehkhoda F, Hockings C, Calleja DJ, Keating N, Feltham R, Brooks AJ, Li SS, Sidhu SS, Babon JJ, Kershaw NJ, Nicholson SE. Discovery of an exosite on the SOCS2-SH2 domain that enhances SH2 binding to phosphorylated ligands. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7032. [PMID: 34857742 PMCID: PMC8640019 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26983-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)2 protein is a key negative regulator of the growth hormone (GH) and Janus kinase (JAK)-Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (STAT) signaling cascade. The central SOCS2-Src homology 2 (SH2) domain is characteristic of the SOCS family proteins and is an important module that facilitates recognition of targets bearing phosphorylated tyrosine (pTyr) residues. Here we identify an exosite on the SOCS2-SH2 domain which, when bound to a non-phosphorylated peptide (F3), enhances SH2 affinity for canonical phosphorylated ligands. Solution of the SOCS2/F3 crystal structure reveals F3 as an α-helix which binds on the opposite side of the SH2 domain to the phosphopeptide binding site. F3:exosite binding appears to stabilise the SOCS2-SH2 domain, resulting in slower dissociation of phosphorylated ligands and consequently, enhances binding affinity. This biophysical enhancement of SH2:pTyr binding affinity translates to increase SOCS2 inhibition of GH signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmond M Linossi
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kunlun Li
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Gianluca Veggiani
- The Donnelly Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cyrus Tan
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Farhad Dehkhoda
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Colin Hockings
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Dale J Calleja
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Narelle Keating
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebecca Feltham
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew J Brooks
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Shawn S Li
- Department of Biochemistry and the Siebens-Drake Medical Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Sachdev S Sidhu
- The Donnelly Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jeffrey J Babon
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Nadia J Kershaw
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Sandra E Nicholson
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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Sobah ML, Liongue C, Ward AC. SOCS Proteins in Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, and Immune-Related Cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:727987. [PMID: 34604264 PMCID: PMC8481645 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.727987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokine signaling represents one of the cornerstones of the immune system, mediating the complex responses required to facilitate appropriate immune cell development and function that supports robust immunity. It is crucial that these signals be tightly regulated, with dysregulation underpinning immune defects, including excessive inflammation, as well as contributing to various immune-related malignancies. A specialized family of proteins called suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) participate in negative feedback regulation of cytokine signaling, ensuring it is appropriately restrained. The eight SOCS proteins identified regulate cytokine and other signaling pathways in unique ways. SOCS1–3 and CISH are most closely involved in the regulation of immune-related signaling, influencing processes such polarization of lymphocytes and the activation of myeloid cells by controlling signaling downstream of essential cytokines such as IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-γ. SOCS protein perturbation disrupts these processes resulting in the development of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions as well as malignancies. As a consequence, SOCS proteins are garnering increased interest as a unique avenue to treat these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clifford Liongue
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Institue of Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Alister C Ward
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Institue of Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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Wang H, Hu DQ, Xiao Q, Liu YB, Song J, Liang Y, Ruan JW, Wang ZZ, Li JX, Pan L, Wang MC, Zeng M, Shi LL, Xu K, Ning Q, Zhen G, Yu D, Wang DY, Wenzel SE, Liu Z. Defective STING expression potentiates IL-13 signaling in epithelial cells in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 147:1692-1703. [PMID: 33340608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.12.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) activation favors effective innate immune responses against viral infections. Its role in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) remains unknown. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to explore the expression, regulation, and function of STING in CRSwNP. METHODS STING expression in sinonasal mucosal samples was analyzed by means of quantitative RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and Western blotting. Regulation and function of STING expression were explored by using cultured primary human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) and cells of the line BEAS-2B in vitro. RESULTS STING expression was reduced in eosinophilic nasal polyps compared with that in noneosinophilic nasal polyps and control tissues. STING was predominantly expressed by epithelial cells in nasal tissue and was downregulated by IL-4 and IL-13 in a signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6)-dependent manner. HNECs derived from eosinophilic polyps displayed compromised STING-dependent type I interferon production but heightened IL-13-induced STAT6 activation and CCL26 production as compared with HNECs from noneosinophilic polyps and control tissues, which were rescued by exogenous STING overexpression. Knocking down or overexpressing STING decreased or enhanced expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) in BEAS-2B cells, respectively, independent of the canonic STING pathway elements TBK1 and IRF3. Knocking down SOCS1 abolished the inhibitory effect of STING on IL-13 signaling in BEAS-2B cells. STING expression was positively correlated with SOCS1 expression but negatively correlated with CCL26 expression in nasal epithelial cells from patients with CRSwNP. CONCLUSIONS Reduced STING expression caused by the type 2 milieu not only impairs STING-dependent type I interferon production but also amplifies IL-13 signaling by decreasing SOCS1 expression in nasal epithelial cells in eosinophilic CRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan-Qing Hu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiao Xiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-Bo Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Song
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuxia Liang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of Ministry of Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Wen Ruan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe-Zheng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing-Xian Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Pan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng-Chen Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Zeng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Li Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qin Ning
- Department of Infectious Disease, Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guohua Zhen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of Ministry of Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Yu
- Department of Immunology and Infection Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - De-Yun Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sally E Wenzel
- University of Pittsburgh Asthma Institute at University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Winter NA, Qin L, Gibson PG, McDonald VM, Baines KJ, Faulkner J, Evans TJ, Fricker M. Sputum mast cell/basophil gene expression relates to inflammatory and clinical features of severe asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 148:428-438. [PMID: 33609626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mast cells (MCs) and basophils are important in asthma pathophysiology, however direct measurement is difficult, and clinical and inflammatory associations in severe asthma are poorly understood. Transcriptomic hallmarks of MCs/basophils may allow their measurement in sputum using gene expression. OBJECTIVES This study sought to develop and validate a sputum MC/basophil gene signature and investigate its relationship to inflammatory and clinical characteristics of severe asthma. METHODS A total of 134 candidate MC/basophil genes (identified by the Immunological Genome Project Consortium) were screened in sputum microarray for differential expression among control subjects (n = 18), patients with eosinophilic (n = 29), and patients with noneosinophilic asthma (n = 30). Candidate genes were validated by confirming correlation of gene expression with flow cytometry-quantified sputum MCs and basophils in a separate asthma cohort (n = 20). The validated gene signature was measured in a severe asthma cohort (n = 81), and inflammatory and clinical associations were tested. RESULTS Through microarray screening and subsequent validation, we found quantitative PCR gene expression of 8 targets correlated with sputum MCs/basophils: TPSAB1/TPSB2, CPA3, ENO2, GATA2, KIT, GPR56, HDC, SOCS2. In severe asthma, MC/basophil genes were associated with eosinophilic airway inflammation (GATA2, TPSB2, CPA3, GPR56, HDC, SOCS2), blood eosinophils (TPSB2, CPA3, GATA2, SOCS2, FCER1A, HDC), fractional exhaled NO (GATA2, SOCS2), decreased lung function (KIT, ENO2), and moderate exacerbation history (GATA2, SOCS2). CONCLUSIONS Quantitative PCR-based measures reflect varying sputum MC/basophil abundance, demonstrating associations of MCs/basophils with eosinophilic inflammation, spirometry and exacerbation history in severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha A Winter
- National Health and Medical Research Council Centre for Research Excellence in Severe Asthma, Newcastle, Australia; The Priority Research Centre for Health Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peter G Gibson
- National Health and Medical Research Council Centre for Research Excellence in Severe Asthma, Newcastle, Australia; The Priority Research Centre for Health Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Vanessa M McDonald
- National Health and Medical Research Council Centre for Research Excellence in Severe Asthma, Newcastle, Australia; The Priority Research Centre for Health Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Katherine J Baines
- The Priority Research Centre for Health Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Jack Faulkner
- Clinical Research Design, IT and Statistical Support Unit, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Tiffany-Jane Evans
- Clinical Research Design, IT and Statistical Support Unit, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Michael Fricker
- National Health and Medical Research Council Centre for Research Excellence in Severe Asthma, Newcastle, Australia; The Priority Research Centre for Health Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.
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21
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Role of SOCS2 in the Regulation of Immune Response and Development of the Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:1872593. [PMID: 31949423 PMCID: PMC6942913 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1872593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) is the most widely used animal model for the study of MS. The Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) 2 protein plays a critical role in regulating the immune responses. The role of SOCS2 during EAE has not been explored. EAE was induced in WT and SOCS2−/− mice using myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG35-55) peptide. Brain and spinal cord were examined during the peak (day 14) and recovery phase (day 28) of the disease. SOCS2 was upregulated in the brain of WT mice at the peak and recovery phase of EAE. The development of the acute phase was slower in onset in SOCS2−/− mice and was associated with reduced number of Th1 (CD3+CD4+IFN-γ+) cells in the spinal cord and brain. However, while in WT mice, maximal clinical EAE score was followed by a progressive recovery; the SOCS2−/− mice were unable to recover from locomotor impairment that occurred during the acute phase. There was a prolonged inflammatory response (increased Th1 and decreased Th2 and T regulatory cells) in the late phase of EAE in the CNS of SOCS2−/− mice. Transplantation of bone marrow cells from SOCS2−/− into irradiated WT mice resulted in higher lethality at the early phase of EAE. Altogether, these results suggest that SOCS2 plays a dual role in the immune response during EAE. It is necessary for damage during the acute phase damage but plays a beneficial role in the recovery stage of the disease.
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Val CH, de Oliveira MC, Lacerda DR, Barroso A, Batista NV, Menezes-Garcia Z, de Assis DRR, Cramer AT, Brant F, Teixeira MM, Glória Souza D, Ferreira AM, Machado FS. SOCS2 modulates adipose tissue inflammation and expansion in mice. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 76:108304. [PMID: 31816561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is usually triggered by a nutrient overload that favors adipocyte hypertrophy and increases the number of pro-inflammatory cells and mediators into adipose tissue. These mediators may be regulated by suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS), such as SOCS2, which is involved in the regulation of the inflammatory response of many diseases, but its role in obesity is not yet known. We aimed to investigate the role of SOCS2 in metabolic and inflammatory dysfunction induced by a high-refined carbohydrate-containing diet (HC). MATERIAL AND METHODS Male C57BL/6 wild type (WT) and SOCS2 deficient (SOCS2-/-) mice were fed chow or an HC diet for 8 weeks. RESULTS In general, SOCS2 deficient mice, independent of the diet, showed higher adipose tissue mass compared with their WT counterparts that were associated with decreased lipogenesis rate in adipose tissue, lipolysis in adipocyte culture and energy expenditure. An anti-inflammatory profile was observed in adipose tissue of SOCS2-/- by reduced secretion of cytokines, such as TNF and IL-6, and increased M2-like macrophages and regulatory T cells compared with WT mice. Also, SOCS2 deficiency reduced the differentiation/expansion of pro-inflammatory cells in the spleen but increased Th2 and Treg cells compared with their WT counterparts. CONCLUSION The SOCS2 protein is an important modulator of obesity that regulates the metabolic pathways related to adipocyte size. Additionally, SOCS2 is an inflammatory regulator that appears to be essential for controlling the release of cytokines and the differentiation/recruitment of cells into adipose tissue during the development of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Honorato Val
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Andreia Barroso
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Fátima Brant
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Fabiana Simão Machado
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Estrada-Reyes ZM, Tsukahara Y, Amadeu RR, Goetsch AL, Gipson TA, Sahlu T, Puchala R, Wang Z, Hart SP, Mateescu RG. Signatures of selection for resistance to Haemonchus contortus in sheep and goats. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:735. [PMID: 31615414 PMCID: PMC6792194 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6150-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastrointestinal nematode infection (GNI) is the most important disease affecting the small ruminant industry in U.S. The environmental conditions in the southern United States are ideal for the survival of the most pathogenic gastrointestinal nematode, Haemonchus contortus. Host genetic variation for resistance to H. contortus allows selective breeding for increased resistance of animals. This selection process increases the prevalence of particular alleles in sheep and goats and creates unique genetic patterns in the genome of these species. The aim of this study was to identify loci with divergent allelic frequencies in a candidate gene panel of 100 genes using two different approaches (frequentist and Bayesian) to estimate Fst outliers in three different breeds of sheep and goats exposed to H. contortus. Results Our results for sheep populations showed SNPs under selection in C3AR1, CSF3, SOCS2, NOS2, STAT5B, TGFB2 and IL2RA genes using frequentist and Bayesian approaches. For goats, SNPs in CD1D, ITGA9, IL12A, IL13RA1, CD86 and TGFB2 genes were under selection. Common signatures of selection in both species were observed in NOS2, TGFB2 and TLR4 genes. Directional selection was present in all SNPs evaluated in the present study. Conclusions A total of 13 SNPs within 7 genes of our candidate gene panel related to H. contortus exposure were identified under selection in sheep populations. For goats, 11 SNPs within 7 genes were identified under selection. Results from this study support the hypothesis that resistance to H. contortus is likely to be controlled by many loci. Shared signatures of selection related to mechanisms of immune protection against H. contortus infection in sheep and goats could be useful targets in breeding programs aimed to produce resistant animals with low FEC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoko Tsukahara
- American Institute for Goat Research, Langston University, Langston, OK, USA
| | - Rodrigo R Amadeu
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Arthur L Goetsch
- American Institute for Goat Research, Langston University, Langston, OK, USA
| | - Terry A Gipson
- American Institute for Goat Research, Langston University, Langston, OK, USA
| | - Tilahun Sahlu
- American Institute for Goat Research, Langston University, Langston, OK, USA
| | - Richard Puchala
- American Institute for Goat Research, Langston University, Langston, OK, USA
| | - Zaisen Wang
- American Institute for Goat Research, Langston University, Langston, OK, USA
| | - Steve P Hart
- American Institute for Goat Research, Langston University, Langston, OK, USA
| | - Raluca G Mateescu
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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24
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25
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Knight JM, Mandal P, Morlacchi P, Mak G, Li E, Madison M, Landers C, Saxton B, Felix E, Gilbert B, Sederstrom J, Varadhachary A, Singh MM, Chatterjee D, Corry DB, McMurray JS. Small molecule targeting of the STAT5/6 Src homology 2 (SH2) domains to inhibit allergic airway disease. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:10026-10040. [PMID: 29739850 PMCID: PMC6028980 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lungs and airways and one of the most burdensome of all chronic maladies. Previous studies have established that expression of experimental and human asthma requires the IL-4/IL-13/IL-4 receptor α (IL-4Rα) signaling pathway, which activates the transcription factor STAT6. However, no small molecules targeting this important pathway are currently in clinical development. To this end, using a preclinical asthma model, we sought to develop and test a small-molecule inhibitor of the Src homology 2 domains in mouse and human STAT6. We previously developed multiple peptidomimetic compounds on the basis of blocking the docking site of STAT6 to IL-4Rα and phosphorylation of Tyr641 in STAT6. Here, we expanded the scope of our initial in vitro structure-activity relationship studies to include central and C-terminal analogs of these peptides to develop a lead compound, PM-43I. Conducting initial dose range, toxicity, and pharmacokinetic experiments with PM-43I, we found that it potently inhibits both STAT5- and STAT6-dependent allergic airway disease in mice. Moreover, PM-43I reversed preexisting allergic airway disease in mice with a minimum ED50 of 0.25 μg/kg. Of note, PM-43I was efficiently cleared through the kidneys with no long-term toxicity. We conclude that PM-43I represents the first of a class of small molecules that may be suitable for further clinical development against asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Morgan Knight
- From the Departments of Medicine,
- Pathology and Immunology, and
| | - Pijus Mandal
- the Department of Experimental Therapeutics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Pietro Morlacchi
- the Department of Experimental Therapeutics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Evan Li
- From the Departments of Medicine
- the Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Matthew Madison
- the Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine Program, and
| | - Cameron Landers
- the Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine Program, and
| | | | - Ed Felix
- the Department of Experimental Therapeutics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Joel Sederstrom
- the Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Atul Varadhachary
- Fannin Innovation Studio and Atrapos Therapeutics, LLC, Houston, Texas 77027
| | - Melissa M Singh
- Fannin Innovation Studio and Atrapos Therapeutics, LLC, Houston, Texas 77027
| | - Dev Chatterjee
- Fannin Innovation Studio and Atrapos Therapeutics, LLC, Houston, Texas 77027
| | - David B Corry
- From the Departments of Medicine,
- Pathology and Immunology, and
- the Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
- the Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine Program, and
- the Michael E. Debakey Veterans Affairs Center for Translational Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Houston, Texas 77030, and
| | - John S McMurray
- the Department of Experimental Therapeutics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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26
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Gras D, Chanez P. New sociology for better understanding severe eosinophilic asthma: introducing the SOCS family. Eur Respir J 2018; 48:608-10. [PMID: 27581402 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01240-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pascal Chanez
- UMR INSERM 1067/CNRS 7333, Marseille, France Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France APHM (Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille), Clinique des Bronches, de l'Allergie et du Sommeil, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France
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27
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Keating N, Nicholson SE. SOCS-mediated immunomodulation of natural killer cells. Cytokine 2018; 118:64-70. [PMID: 29609875 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells with an intrinsic ability to detect and kill infected and cancerous cells. The success of therapies targeting immune checkpoints on CD8 cells has intensified interest in harnessing the cytolytic effector functions of NK cells for new cancer treatments. NK cell development, survival and effector activity is dependent on exposure to the cytokine interleukin (IL)-15. The suppressor of cytokine (SOCS) proteins (CIS; SOCS1-7) are important negative regulators of cytokine signaling, and both CIS and SOCS2 are reported to have roles in regulating NK cell responses. Their immunomodulatory effects on NK cells suggest that these SOCS proteins are promising targets that can potentially form the basis of novel cancer therapies. Here we discuss the role of NK cells in tumor immunity as well as review the role of the SOCS proteins in regulating IL-15 signaling and NK cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narelle Keating
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia
| | - Sandra E Nicholson
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia.
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Vendelova E, Ashour D, Blank P, Erhard F, Saliba AE, Kalinke U, Lutz MB. Tolerogenic Transcriptional Signatures of Steady-State and Pathogen-Induced Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2018. [PMID: 29541071 PMCID: PMC5835767 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are key directors of tolerogenic and immunogenic immune responses. During the steady state, DCs maintain T cell tolerance to self-antigens by multiple mechanisms including inducing anergy, deletion, and Treg activity. All of these mechanisms help to prevent autoimmune diseases or other hyperreactivities. Different DC subsets contribute to pathogen recognition by expression of different subsets of pattern recognition receptors, including Toll-like receptors or C-type lectins. In addition to the triggering of immune responses in infected hosts, most pathogens have evolved mechanisms for evasion of targeted responses. One such strategy is characterized by adopting the host’s T cell tolerance mechanisms. Understanding these tolerogenic mechanisms is of utmost importance for therapeutic approaches to treat immune pathologies, tumors and infections. Transcriptional profiling has developed into a potent tool for DC subset identification. Here, we review and compile pathogen-induced tolerogenic transcriptional signatures from mRNA profiling data of currently available bacterial- or helminth-induced transcriptional signatures. We compare them with signatures of tolerogenic steady-state DC subtypes to identify common and divergent strategies of pathogen induced immune evasion. Candidate molecules are discussed in detail. Our analysis provides further insights into tolerogenic DC signatures and their exploitation by different pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Vendelova
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Diyaaeldin Ashour
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Blank
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Florian Erhard
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Kalinke
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Manfred B Lutz
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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29
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Zhang Z, Jyoti A, Balakrishnan B, Williams M, Singh S, Chugani DC, Kannan S. Trajectory of inflammatory and microglial activation markers in the postnatal rabbit brain following intrauterine endotoxin exposure. Neurobiol Dis 2017; 111:153-162. [PMID: 29274431 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal infection is a risk factor for periventricular leukomalacia and cerebral palsy (CP) in neonates. We have previously demonstrated hypomyelination and motor deficits in newborn rabbits, as seen in patients with cerebral palsy, following maternal intrauterine endotoxin administration. This was associated with increased microglial activation, primarily involving the periventricular region (PVR). In this study we hypothesized that maternal intrauterine inflammation leads to a pro-inflammatory environment in the PVR that is associated with microglial activation in the first 2 postnatal weeks. METHODS Timed pregnant New Zealand white rabbits underwent laparotomy on gestational day 28 (G28). They were randomly divided to receive lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 20μg/kg in 1mL saline) (Endotoxin group) or saline (1mL) (control saline, CS group), administrated along the wall of the uterus. The PVR from the CS and Endotoxin kits were harvested at G29 (1day post-injury), postnatal day1 (PND1, 3day post-injury) and PND5 (7days post-injury) for real-time PCR, ELISA and immunohistochemistry. Kits from CS and Endotoxin groups underwent longitudinal MicroPET imaging, with [11C]PK11195, a tracer for microglial activation. RESULTS We found that intrauterine endotoxin exposure resulted in pro-inflammatory microglial activation in the PVR of rabbits in the first postnatal week. This was evidenced by increased TSPO (translocator protein) expression co-localized with microglia/macrophages in the PVR, and changes in the microglial morphology (ameboid soma and retracted processes). In addition, CD11b level significantly increased with a concomitant decline in the CD45 level in the PVR at G29 and PND1. There was a significant elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and iNOS, and decreased anti-inflammatory markers in the Endotoxin kits at G29, PND1 and PND5. Increased [11C]PK11195 binding to the TSPO measured in vivo by PET imaging in the brain of Endotoxin kits was present up to PND14-17. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that a robust pro-inflammatory microglial phenotype/brain milieu commenced within 24h after LPS exposure and persisted through PND5 and in vivo TSPO binding was found at PND14-17. This suggests that there may be a window of opportunity to treat after birth. Therapies aimed at inducing an anti-inflammatory phenotype in microglia might promote recovery in maternal inflammation induced neonatal brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, United States
| | - Amar Jyoti
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, United States
| | - Bindu Balakrishnan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, United States
| | - Monica Williams
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, United States
| | - Sarabdeep Singh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, United States
| | - Diane C Chugani
- Nemours/AI duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, United States; Communication Sciences and Disorders Department, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Sujatha Kannan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, United States.
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Intelectin contributes to allergen-induced IL-25, IL-33, and TSLP expression and type 2 response in asthma and atopic dermatitis. Mucosal Immunol 2017; 10:1491-1503. [PMID: 28224996 PMCID: PMC5568519 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2017.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The epithelial and epidermal innate cytokines IL-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) have pivotal roles in the initiation of allergic inflammation in asthma and atopic dermatitis (AD). However, the mechanism by which the expression of these innate cytokines is regulated remains unclear. Intelectin (ITLN) is expressed in airway epithelial cells and promotes allergic airway inflammation. We hypothesized that ITLN is required for allergen-induced IL-25, IL-33, and TSLP expression. In two asthma models, Itln knockdown reduced allergen-induced increases in Il-25, Il-33, and Tslp and development of type 2 response, eosinophilic inflammation, mucus overproduction, and airway hyperresponsiveness. Itln knockdown also inhibited house dust mite (HDM)-induced early upregulation of Il-25, Il-33, and Tslp in a model solely inducing airway sensitization. Using human airway epithelial cells, we demonstrated that HDM-induced increases in ITLN led to phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor and extracellular-signal regulated kinase, which were required for induction of IL-25, IL-33, and TSLP expression. In two AD models, Itln knockdown suppressed expression of Il-33, Tslp, and Th2 cytokines and eosinophilic inflammation. In humans, ITLN1 expression was significantly increased in asthmatic airways and in lesional skin of AD. We conclude that ITLN contributes to allergen-induced Il-25, Il-33, and Tslp expression in asthma and AD.
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Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 2 Negatively Regulates NK Cell Differentiation by Inhibiting JAK2 Activity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46153. [PMID: 28383049 PMCID: PMC5382670 DOI: 10.1038/srep46153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins are negative regulators of cytokine responses. Although recent reports have shown regulatory roles for SOCS proteins in innate and adaptive immunity, their roles in natural killer (NK) cell development are largely unknown. Here, we show that SOCS2 is involved in NK cell development. SOCS2−/− mice showed a high frequency of NK cells in the bone marrow and spleen. Knockdown of SOCS2 was associated with enhanced differentiation of NK cells in vitro, and the transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) into congenic mice resulted in enhanced differentiation in SOCS2−/− HSCs. We found that SOCS2 could inhibit Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) activity and JAK2-STAT5 signaling pathways via direct interaction with JAK2. Furthermore, SOCS2−/− mice showed a reduction in lung metastases and an increase in survival following melanoma challenge. Overall, our findings suggest that SOCS2 negatively regulates the development of NK cells by inhibiting JAK2 activity via direct interaction.
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32
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Yang Y, Hu X, Cheng L, Tang W, Zhao W, Yang Y, Zuo J. Periplocoside A ameliorated type II collagen-induced arthritis in mice via regulation of the balance of Th17/Treg cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 44:43-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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de Kouchkovsky DA, Ghosh S, Rothlin CV. Negative Regulation of Type 2 Immunity. Trends Immunol 2017; 38:154-167. [PMID: 28082101 PMCID: PMC5510550 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 immunity encompasses the mechanisms through which the immune system responds to helminths and an array of environmental substances such as allergens. In the developing world, billions of individuals are chronically infected with endemic parasitic helminths. In comparison, in the industrialized world, millions of individuals suffer from dysregulated type 2 immunity, referred to clinically as atopic diseases including asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. Thus, type 2 immunity must be carefully regulated to mount protective host responses yet avoid inappropriate activation and immunopathology. In this review, we describe the key players and connections at play in type 2 responses and focus on the emerging mechanisms involved in the negative regulation of type 2 immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sourav Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
| | - Carla V Rothlin
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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Di Mise A, Wang YX, Zheng YM. Role of Transcription Factors in Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells: An Important Link to Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 967:13-32. [PMID: 29047078 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63245-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia, namely a lack of oxygen in the blood, induces pulmonary vasoconstriction and vasoremodeling, which serve as essential pathologic factors leading to pulmonary hypertension (PH). The underlying molecular mechanisms are uncertain; however, pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) play an essential role in hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction, vasoremodeling, and PH. Hypoxia causes oxidative damage to DNAs, proteins, and lipids. This damage (oxidative stress) modulates the activity of ion channels and elevates the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i, Ca2+ signaling) of PASMCs. The oxidative stress and increased Ca2+ signaling mutually interact with each other, and synergistically results in a variety of cellular responses. These responses include functional and structural abnormalities of mitochondria, sarcoplasmic reticulum, and nucleus; cell contraction, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis, as well as generation of vasoactive substances, inflammatory molecules, and growth factors that mediate the development of PH. A number of studies reveal that various transcription factors (TFs) play important roles in hypoxia-induced oxidative stress, disrupted PAMSC Ca2+ signaling and the development and progress of PH. It is believed that in the pathogenesis of PH, hypoxia facilitates these roles by mediating the expression of multiple genes. Therefore, the identification of specific genes and their transcription factors implicated in PH is necessary for the complete understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms. Moreover, this identification may aid in the development of novel and effective therapeutic strategies for PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarita Di Mise
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Yong-Xiao Wang
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
| | - Yun-Min Zheng
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
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Nakayama T, Hirahara K, Onodera A, Endo Y, Hosokawa H, Shinoda K, Tumes DJ, Okamoto Y. Th2 Cells in Health and Disease. Annu Rev Immunol 2016; 35:53-84. [PMID: 27912316 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-051116-052350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Helper T (Th) cell subsets direct immune responses by producing signature cytokines. Th2 cells produce IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, which are important in humoral immunity and protection from helminth infection and are central to the pathogenesis of many allergic inflammatory diseases. Molecular analysis of Th2 cell differentiation and maintenance of function has led to recent discoveries that have refined our understanding of Th2 cell biology. Epigenetic regulation of Gata3 expression by chromatin remodeling complexes such as Polycomb and Trithorax is crucial for maintaining Th2 cell identity. In the context of allergic diseases, memory-type pathogenic Th2 cells have been identified in both mice and humans. To better understand these disease-driving cell populations, we have developed a model called the pathogenic Th population disease induction model. The concept of defined subsets of pathogenic Th cells may spur new, effective strategies for treating intractable chronic inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinori Nakayama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; , , , , , , , .,AMED-CREST, AMED, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Hirahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; , , , , , , ,
| | - Atsushi Onodera
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; , , , , , , , .,Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yusuke Endo
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; , , , , , , ,
| | - Hiroyuki Hosokawa
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; , , , , , , ,
| | - Kenta Shinoda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; , , , , , , ,
| | - Damon J Tumes
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; , , , , , , , .,South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, North Terrace, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia
| | - Yoshitaka Okamoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
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Malvisi M, Palazzo F, Morandi N, Lazzari B, Williams JL, Pagnacco G, Minozzi G. Responses of Bovine Innate Immunity to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Infection Revealed by Changes in Gene Expression and Levels of MicroRNA. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164461. [PMID: 27760169 PMCID: PMC5070780 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Paratuberculosis in cattle is a chronic granulomatous gastroenteritis caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratubercolosis (MAP) which is endemic worldwide. In dairy herds, it is responsible for huge economic losses. However, current diagnostic methods do not detect subclinical infection making control of the disease difficult. The identification of MAP infected animals during the sub-clinical phase of infection would play a key role in preventing the dissemination of the pathogen and in reducing transmission. Gene expression and circulating microRNA (miRNA) signatures have been proposed as biomarkers of disease both in the human and veterinary medicine. In this paper, gene expression and related miRNA levels were investigated in cows positive for MAP, by ELISA and culture, in order to identify potential biomarkers to improve diagnosis of MAP infection. Three groups, each of 5 animals, were used to compare the results of gene expression from positive, exposed and negative cows. Overall 258 differentially expressed genes were identified between unexposed, exposed, but ELISA negative and positive groups which were involved in biological functions related to inflammatory response, lipid metabolism and small molecule biochemistry. Differentially expressed miRNA was also found among the three groups: 7 miRNAs were at a lower level and 2 at a higher level in positive animals vs unexposed animals, while 5 and 3 miRNAs were respectively reduced and increased in the exposed group compared to the unexposed group. Among the differentially expressed miRNAs 6 have been previously described as immune-response related and two were novel miRNAs. Analysis of the miRNA levels showed correlation with expression of their target genes, known to be involved in the immune process. This study suggests that miRNA expression is affected by MAP infection and play a key role in tuning the host response to infection. The miRNA and gene expression profiles may be biomarkers of infection and potential diagnostic of MAP infection earlier than the current ELISA based diagnostic tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Malvisi
- Parco Tecnologico Padano, Lodi, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Fiorentina Palazzo
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Lazzari
- Parco Tecnologico Padano, Lodi, Italy
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council, Lodi, Italy
| | - John L. Williams
- Parco Tecnologico Padano, Lodi, Italy
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, Australia
| | - Giulio Pagnacco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulietta Minozzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Doran E, Choy DF, Shikotra A, Butler CA, O'Rourke DM, Johnston JA, Kissenpfennig A, Bradding P, Arron JR, Heaney LG. Reduced epithelial suppressor of cytokine signalling 1 in severe eosinophilic asthma. Eur Respir J 2016; 48:715-25. [PMID: 27338192 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00400-2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Severe asthma represents a major unmet clinical need. Eosinophilic inflammation persists in the airways of many patients with uncontrolled asthma, despite high-dose inhaled corticosteroid therapy. Suppressors of cytokine signalling (SOCS) are a family of molecules involved in the regulation of cytokine signalling via inhibition of the Janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription pathway. We examined SOCS expression in the airways of asthma patients and investigated whether this is associated with persistent eosinophilia.Healthy controls, mild/moderate asthmatics and severe asthmatics were studied. Whole genome expression profiling, quantitative PCR and immunohistochemical analysis were used to examine expression of SOCS1, SOCS2 and SOCS3 in bronchial biopsies. Bronchial epithelial cells were utilised to examine the role of SOCS1 in regulating interleukin (IL)-13 signalling in vitroSOCS1 gene expression was significantly lower in the airways of severe asthmatics compared with mild/moderate asthmatics, and was inversely associated with airway eosinophilia and other measures of T-helper type 2 (Th2) inflammation. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated SOCS1 was predominantly localised to the bronchial epithelium. SOCS1 overexpression inhibited IL-13-mediated chemokine ligand (CCL) 26 (eotaxin-3) mRNA expression in bronchial epithelial cells.Severe asthma patients with persistent airway eosinophilia and Th2 inflammation have reduced airway epithelial SOCS1 expression. SOCS1 inhibits epithelial IL-13 signalling, supporting its key role in regulating Th2-driven eosinophilia in severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Doran
- Centre for Infection and Immunity, Health Sciences Building, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - David F Choy
- ITGR Diagnostic Discovery, Genentech, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aarti Shikotra
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Maurice Shock Medical Sciences Building, Leicester, UK
| | - Claire A Butler
- Centre for Infection and Immunity, Health Sciences Building, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Declan M O'Rourke
- Histopathology and Cytopathology Laboratory, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
| | | | - Adrien Kissenpfennig
- Centre for Infection and Immunity, Health Sciences Building, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Peter Bradding
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Maurice Shock Medical Sciences Building, Leicester, UK
| | - Joseph R Arron
- ITGR Diagnostic Discovery, Genentech, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Liam G Heaney
- Centre for Infection and Immunity, Health Sciences Building, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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Wang P, Han W, Ma D. Electronic Sorting of Immune Cell Subpopulations Based on Highly Plastic Genes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:665-73. [PMID: 27288532 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Immune cells are highly heterogeneous and plastic with regard to gene expression and cell phenotype. In this study, we categorized genes into those with low and high gene plasticity, and those categories revealed different functions and applications. We proposed that highly plastic genes could be suited for the labeling of immune cell subpopulations; thus, novel immune cell subpopulations could be identified by gene plasticity analysis. For this purpose, we systematically analyzed highly plastic genes in human and mouse immune cells. In total, 1,379 human and 883 mouse genes were identified as being extremely plastic. We also expanded our previous immunoinformatic method, electronic sorting, which surveys big data to perform virtual analysis. This approach used correlation analysis and took dosage changes into account, which allowed us to identify the differentially expressed genes. A test with human CD4(+) T cells supported the method's feasibility, effectiveness, and predictability. For example, with the use of human nonregulatory T cells, we found that FOXP3(hi)CD4(+) T cells were highly expressive of certain known molecules, such as CD25 and CTLA4, and that this process of investigation did not require isolating or inducing these immune cells in vitro. Therefore, the sorting process helped us to discover the potential signature genes or marker molecules and to conduct functional evaluations for immune cell subpopulations. Finally, in human CD4(+) T cells, 747 potential immune cell subpopulations and their candidate signature genes were identified, which provides a useful resource for big data-driven knowledge discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingzhang Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Beijing 100191, China; and Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wenling Han
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Beijing 100191, China; and Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Dalong Ma
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Beijing 100191, China; and Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100191, China
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Terekhov IV, Bondar' SS, Khadartsev AA. [The state of receptor-dependent signal pathways in the agranulocytes from the peripheral blood of the reconvalescent patients following community-acquired pneumonia under the influence of microwave radiation]. VOPROSY KURORTOLOGII, FIZIOTERAPII, I LECHEBNOĬ FIZICHESKOĬ KULTURY 2016; 93:23-28. [PMID: 27271829 DOI: 10.17116/kurort2016323-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present article reports the study of the influence of low-intensity microwave radiation on the state of the JAK/STAT-signaling pathways in the mononuclear cells and the intercellular levels of the molecules maintaining the functioning of this pathway. The experiments on the model of intercellular interactions in the whole blood cell culture obtained during the convalescence phase of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia were designed to elucidate the effects of the cell-cell interactions in the culture exposed to electromagnetic radiation with a frequency of 1000 MHz and power flux density 0.1 mcW/cm2 on the intracellular levels of total and phosphorylated species of JAK-kinases, STAT-factors and SOCS-proteins. It is concluded that sensitivity of intracellular signaling systems to the effects of low-intensity microwave radiation manifests itself in the form of increased intracellular concentrations of Janus kinases and SOCS proteins with a simultaneous decrease in the level of STAT factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- I V Terekhov
- Medical Institute, Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher professional education 'Tula State University', Tula, Russia
| | - S S Bondar'
- Medical Institute, Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher professional education 'Tula State University', Tula, Russia
| | - A A Khadartsev
- Medical Institute, Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher professional education 'Tula State University', Tula, Russia
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40
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Benavides MV, Sonstegard TS, Van Tassell C. Genomic Regions Associated with Sheep Resistance to Gastrointestinal Nematodes. Trends Parasitol 2016; 32:470-480. [PMID: 27183838 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Genetic markers for sheep resistance to gastrointestinal parasites have long been sought by the livestock industry as a way to select more resistant individuals and to help farmers reduce parasite transmission by identifying and removing high egg shedders from the flock. Polymorphisms related to the major histocompatibility complex and interferon (IFN)-γ genes have been the most frequently reported markers associated with infection. Recently, a new picture is emerging from genome-wide studies, showing that not only immune mechanisms are important determinants of host resistance but that gastrointestinal mucus production and hemostasis pathways may also play a role.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Curtis Van Tassell
- Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, US Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, USA
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Brant F, Miranda AS, Esper L, Gualdrón-López M, Cisalpino D, de Souza DDG, Rachid MA, Tanowitz HB, Teixeira MM, Teixeira AL, Machado FS. Suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 modulates the immune response profile and development of experimental cerebral malaria. Brain Behav Immun 2016; 54:73-85. [PMID: 26765997 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum infection results in severe malaria in humans, affecting various organs, including the liver, spleen and brain, and resulting in high morbidity and mortality. The Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA) infection in mice closely recapitulates many aspects of human cerebral malaria (CM); thus, this model has been used to investigate the pathogenesis of CM. Suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2), an intracellular protein induced by cytokines and hormones, modulates the immune response, neural development, neurogenesis and neurotrophic pathways. However, the role of SOCS2 during CM remains unknown. SOCS2 knockout (SOCS2(-/-)) mice infected with PbA show an initial resistance to infection with reduced parasitemia and production of TNF, TGF-β, IL-12 and IL-17 in the brain. Interestingly, in the late phase of infection, SOCS2(-/-) mice display increased parasitemia and reduced Treg cell infiltration, associated with enhanced levels of Th1 and Th17 cells and related cytokines IL-17, IL-6, and TGF-β in the brain. A significant reduction in protective neurotrophic factors, such as glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), was also observed. Moreover, the molecular alterations in the brain of infected SOCS2(-/-) mice were associated with anxiety-related behaviors and cognition impairment. Mechanistically, these results revealed enhanced nitric oxide (NO) production in PbA-infected SOCS2(-/-) mice, and the inhibition of NO synthesis through l-NAME led to a marked decrease in survival, the disruption of parasitemia control and more pronounced anxiety-like behavior. Treatment with l-NAME also shifted the levels of Th1, Th7 and Treg cells in the brains of infected SOCS2(-/-) mice to the background levels observed in infected WT, with remarkable exception of increased CD8(+)IFN(+) T cells and inflammatory monocytes. These results indicate that SOCS2 plays a dual role during PbA infection, being detrimental in the control of the parasite replication but crucial in the regulation of the immune response and production of neurotrophic factors. Here, we provided strong evidence of a critical relationship between SOCS2 and NO in the orchestration of the immune response and development of CM during PbA infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Brant
- Program in Health Sciences: Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Aline S Miranda
- Program in Health Sciences: Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Lisia Esper
- Program in Health Sciences: Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Melisa Gualdrón-López
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Daniel Cisalpino
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Danielle da Gloria de Souza
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Milene Alvarenga Rachid
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Herbert B Tanowitz
- Department of Pathology and Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Program in Health Sciences: Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Antônio Lucio Teixeira
- Program in Health Sciences: Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Simão Machado
- Program in Health Sciences: Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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42
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Innate-like functions of natural killer T cell subsets result from highly divergent gene programs. Nat Immunol 2016; 17:728-39. [PMID: 27089380 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer T cells (NKT cells) have stimulatory or inhibitory effects on the immune response that can be attributed in part to the existence of functional subsets of NKT cells. These subsets have been characterized only on the basis of the differential expression of a few transcription factors and cell-surface molecules. Here we have analyzed purified populations of thymic NKT cell subsets at both the transcriptomic level and epigenomic level and by single-cell RNA sequencing. Our data indicated that despite their similar antigen specificity, the functional NKT cell subsets were highly divergent populations with many gene-expression and epigenetic differences. Therefore, the thymus 'imprints' distinct gene programs on subsets of innate-like NKT cells that probably impart differences in proliferative capacity, homing, and effector functions.
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43
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Zhao D, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Li X, Zhao K, Ding Y, Li Z, Shen Q, Wang C, Li N, Cao X. H3K4me3 Demethylase Kdm5a Is Required for NK Cell Activation by Associating with p50 to Suppress SOCS1. Cell Rep 2016; 15:288-99. [PMID: 27050510 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The H3K4me3 demethylase Kdm5a regulates gene transcription and is implicated in carcinogenesis. However, the role of Kdm5a in innate immune response remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that Kdm5a deficiency impairs activation of natural killer (NK) cells, with decreased IFN-γ production. Accordingly, Kdm5a(-/-) mice are highly susceptible to Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) infection. During NK cell activation, loss of Kdm5a profoundly impairs phosphorylation and nuclear localization of STAT4, along with increased expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1). Mechanistic studies reveal that Kdm5a associates with p50 and binds to the Socs1 promoter region in resting NK cells, leading to a substantial decrease in H3K4me3 modification and repressive chromatin configuration at the Socs1 promoter. Thus, Kdm5a is required for priming activation of NK cells by suppressing the suppressor, SOCS1. Our study provides insights into the epigenetic regulation of innate immune response of NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Zhao
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yiqi Liu
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xia Li
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology and Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ding
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhiqing Li
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qicong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology and Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Nan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xuetao Cao
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology and Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
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44
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McCormick SM, Heller NM. Regulation of Macrophage, Dendritic Cell, and Microglial Phenotype and Function by the SOCS Proteins. Front Immunol 2015; 6:549. [PMID: 26579124 PMCID: PMC4621458 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are innate immune cells of dynamic phenotype that rapidly respond to external stimuli in the microenvironment by altering their phenotype to respond to and to direct the immune response. The ability to dynamically change phenotype must be carefully regulated to prevent uncontrolled inflammatory responses and subsequently to promote resolution of inflammation. The suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins play a key role in regulating macrophage phenotype. In this review, we summarize research to date from mouse and human studies on the role of the SOCS proteins in determining the phenotype and function of macrophages. We will also touch on the influence of the SOCS on dendritic cell (DC) and microglial phenotype and function. The molecular mechanisms of SOCS function in macrophages and DCs are discussed, along with how dysregulation of SOCS expression or function can lead to alterations in macrophage/DC/microglial phenotype and function and to disease. Regulation of SOCS expression by microRNA is discussed. Novel therapies and unanswered questions with regard to SOCS regulation of monocyte-macrophage phenotype and function are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M McCormick
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD , USA
| | - Nicola M Heller
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD , USA ; Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD , USA
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45
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Yoon SY, Kang HB, Ko YE, Shin SH, Kim YJ, Sohn KY, Han YH, Chong S, Kim JW. 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol (EC-18) Modulates Th2 Immunity through Attenuation of IL-4 Expression. Immune Netw 2015; 15:100-9. [PMID: 25922599 PMCID: PMC4411508 DOI: 10.4110/in.2015.15.2.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlling balance between T-helper type 1 (Th1) and T-helper type 2 (Th2) plays a pivotal role in maintaining the biological rhythm of Th1/Th2 and circumventing diseases caused by Th1/Th2 imbalance. Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is a Th2-type cytokine and often associated with hypersensitivity-related diseases such as atopic dermatitis and allergies when overexpressed. In this study, we have tried to elucidate the function of 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol (EC-18) as an essential modulator of Th1/Th2 balance. EC-18 has showed an inhibitory effect on the production of IL-4 in a dose-dependent manner. RT-PCR analysis has proved EC-18 affect the transcription of IL-4. By analyzing the phosphorylation status of Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6), which is a transcriptional activator of IL-4 expression, we discovered that EC-18 induced the decrease of STAT6 activity in several stimulated cell lines, which was also showed in STAT6 reporter analysis. Co-treatment of EC-18 significantly weakened atopy-like phenotypes in mice treated with an allergen. Collectively, our results suggest that EC-18 is a potent Th2 modulating factor by regulating the transcription of IL-4 via STAT6 modulation, and could be developed for immune-modulatory therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ho Bum Kang
- Biomedical Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Korea
| | - Young-Eun Ko
- Biomedical Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Korea
| | - Su-Hyun Shin
- Biomedical Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Korea. ; Soonchunhyang Medical Science Research Institute, College of Medicine Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 330-721, Korea
| | - Young-Jun Kim
- Biomedical Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Korea
| | | | | | - Saeho Chong
- ENZYCHEM Lifesciences, Daejeon 305-732, Korea
| | - Jae Wha Kim
- Biomedical Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Korea
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Shi W, Liao Y, Willis SN, Taubenheim N, Inouye M, Tarlinton DM, Smyth GK, Hodgkin PD, Nutt SL, Corcoran LM. Transcriptional profiling of mouse B cell terminal differentiation defines a signature for antibody-secreting plasma cells. Nat Immunol 2015; 16:663-73. [PMID: 25894659 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
When B cells encounter an antigen, they alter their physiological state and anatomical localization and initiate a differentiation process that ultimately produces antibody-secreting cells (ASCs). We have defined the transcriptomes of many mature B cell populations and stages of plasma cell differentiation in mice. We provide a molecular signature of ASCs that highlights the stark transcriptional divide between B cells and plasma cells and enables the demarcation of ASCs on the basis of location and maturity. Changes in gene expression correlated with cell-division history and the acquisition of permissive histone modifications, and they included many regulators that had not been previously implicated in B cell differentiation. These findings both highlight and expand the core program that guides B cell terminal differentiation and the production of antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- 1] The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. [2] Department of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yang Liao
- 1] The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. [2] Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simon N Willis
- 1] The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. [2] Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nadine Taubenheim
- 1] The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. [2] Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Inouye
- 1] The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. [2] Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. [3] Department of Microbiology &Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - David M Tarlinton
- 1] The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. [2] Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gordon K Smyth
- 1] The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. [2] Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Philip D Hodgkin
- 1] The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. [2] Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen L Nutt
- 1] The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. [2] Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lynn M Corcoran
- 1] The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. [2] Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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47
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Benavides MV, Sonstegard TS, Kemp S, Mugambi JM, Gibson JP, Baker RL, Hanotte O, Marshall K, Van Tassell C. Identification of novel loci associated with gastrointestinal parasite resistance in a Red Maasai x Dorper backcross population. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122797. [PMID: 25867089 PMCID: PMC4395112 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) parasitic infection is the main health constraint for small ruminant production, causing loss of weight and/or death. Red Maasai sheep have adapted to a tropical environment where extreme parasite exposure is a constant, especially with highly pathogenic Haemonchus contortus. This breed has been reported to be resistant to gastrointestinal parasite infection, hence it is considered an invaluable resource to study associations between host genetics and resistance. The aim of this study was to identify polymorphisms strongly associated with host resistance in a double backcross population derived from Red Maasai and Dorper sheep using a SNP-based GWAS analysis. The animals that were genotyped represented the most resistant and susceptible individuals based on the tails of phenotypic distribution (10% each) for average faecal egg counts (AVFEC). AVFEC, packed cell volume (AVPCV), and live weight (AVLWT) were adjusted for fixed effects and co-variables, and an association analysis was run using EMMAX. Revised significance levels were calculated using 100,000 permutation tests. The top five significant SNP markers with - log10 p-values >3.794 were observed on five different chromosomes for AVFEC, and BLUPPf90/PostGSf90 results confirmed EMMAX significant regions for this trait. One of these regions included a cluster of significant SNP on chromosome (Chr) 6 not in linkage disequilibrium to each other. This genomic location contains annotated genes involved in cytokine signalling, haemostasis and mucus biosynthesis. Only one association detected on Chr 7 was significant for both AVPCV and AVLWT. The results generated here reveal candidate immune variants for genes involved in differential response to infection and provide additional SNP marker information that has potential to aid selection of resistance to gastrointestinal parasites in sheep of a similar genetic background to the double backcross population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tad S. Sonstegard
- Animal Genomics & Improvement Laboratory, USDA/ARS/Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, United States of America
| | - Stephen Kemp
- Animal Biosciences, The International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - John M. Mugambi
- National Veterinary Research Centre, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), Muguga, Kenya
| | - John P. Gibson
- Centre for Genetic Analysis and Applications, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Olivier Hanotte
- Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Marshall
- Animal Biosciences, The International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Curtis Van Tassell
- Animal Genomics & Improvement Laboratory, USDA/ARS/Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, United States of America
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48
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Vitali C, Bassani C, Chiodoni C, Fellini E, Guarnotta C, Miotti S, Sangaletti S, Fuligni F, De Cecco L, Piccaluga PP, Colombo MP, Tripodo C. SOCS2 Controls Proliferation and Stemness of Hematopoietic Cells under Stress Conditions and Its Deregulation Marks Unfavorable Acute Leukemias. Cancer Res 2015; 75:2387-99. [PMID: 25858143 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-3625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) promptly adapt hematopoiesis to stress conditions, such as infection and cancer, replenishing bone marrow-derived circulating populations, while preserving the stem cell reservoir. SOCS2, a feedback inhibitor of JAK-STAT pathways, is expressed in most primitive HSC and is upregulated in response to STAT5-inducing cytokines. We demonstrate that Socs2 deficiency unleashes HSC proliferation in vitro, sustaining STAT5 phosphorylation in response to IL3, thrombopoietin, and GM-CSF. In vivo, SOCS2 deficiency leads to unrestricted myelopoietic response to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and, in turn, induces exhaustion of long-term HSC function along serial bone marrow transplantations. The emerging role of SOCS2 in HSC under stress conditions prompted the investigation of malignant hematopoiesis. High levels of SOCS2 characterize unfavorable subsets of acute myeloid and lymphoblastic leukemias, such as those with MLL and BCR/ABL abnormalities, and correlate with the enrichment of genes belonging to hematopoietic and leukemic stemness signatures. In this setting, SOCS2 and its correlated genes are part of regulatory networks fronted by IKZF1/Ikaros and MEF2C, two transcriptional regulators involved in normal and leukemic hematopoiesis that have never been linked to SOCS2. Accordingly, a comparison of murine wt and Socs2(-/-) HSC gene expression in response to 5-FU revealed a significant overlap with the molecular programs that correlate with SOCS2 expression in leukemias, particularly with the oncogenic pathways and with the IKZF1/Ikaros and MEF2C-predicted targets. Lentiviral gene transduction of murine hematopoietic precursors with Mef2c, but not with Ikzf1, induces Socs2 upregulation, unveiling a direct control exerted by Mef2c over Socs2 expression.
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Gielen V, Sykes A, Zhu J, Chan B, Macintyre J, Regamey N, Kieninger E, Gupta A, Shoemark A, Bossley C, Davies J, Saglani S, Walker P, Nicholson SE, Dalpke AH, Kon OM, Bush A, Johnston SL, Edwards MR. Increased nuclear suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 in asthmatic bronchial epithelium suppresses rhinovirus induction of innate interferons. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 136:177-188.e11. [PMID: 25630941 PMCID: PMC4541718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Background Rhinovirus infections are the dominant cause of asthma exacerbations, and deficient virus induction of IFN-α/β/λ in asthmatic patients is important in asthma exacerbation pathogenesis. Mechanisms causing this interferon deficiency in asthmatic patients are unknown. Objective We sought to investigate the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 1 in tissues from asthmatic patients and its possible role in impaired virus-induced interferon induction in these patients. Methods We assessed SOCS1 mRNA and protein levels in vitro, bronchial biopsy specimens, and mice. The role of SOCS1 was inferred by proof-of-concept studies using overexpression with reporter genes and SOCS1-deficient mice. A nuclear role of SOCS1 was shown by using bronchial biopsy staining, overexpression of mutant SOCS1 constructs, and confocal microscopy. SOCS1 levels were also correlated with asthma-related clinical outcomes. Results We report induction of SOCS1 in bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) by asthma exacerbation–related cytokines and by rhinovirus infection in vitro. We found that SOCS1 was increased in vivo in bronchial epithelium and related to asthma severity. SOCS1 expression was also increased in primary BECs from asthmatic patients ex vivo and was related to interferon deficiency and increased viral replication. In primary human epithelium, mouse lung macrophages, and SOCS1-deficient mice, SOCS1 suppressed rhinovirus induction of interferons. Suppression of virus-induced interferon levels was dependent on SOCS1 nuclear translocation but independent of proteasomal degradation of transcription factors. Nuclear SOCS1 levels were also increased in BECs from asthmatic patients. Conclusion We describe a novel mechanism explaining interferon deficiency in asthmatic patients through a novel nuclear function of SOCS1 and identify SOCS1 as an important therapeutic target for asthma exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Gielen
- Airway Disease Infection Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Respiratory Infection, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Annemarie Sykes
- Airway Disease Infection Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Respiratory Infection, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jie Zhu
- Airway Disease Infection Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Respiratory Infection, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Brian Chan
- Airway Disease Infection Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Macintyre
- Airway Disease Infection Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Respiratory Infection, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Atul Gupta
- MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom; Respiratory Pediatrics, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amelia Shoemark
- MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom; Respiratory Pediatrics, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cara Bossley
- MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom; Respiratory Pediatrics, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Davies
- MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom; Respiratory Pediatrics, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sejal Saglani
- MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom; Respiratory Pediatrics, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Walker
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sandra E Nicholson
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Australia; Department of Medical Biology of the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Alexander H Dalpke
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Onn-Min Kon
- Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Bush
- MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom; Respiratory Pediatrics, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastian L Johnston
- Airway Disease Infection Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Respiratory Infection, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael R Edwards
- Airway Disease Infection Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Respiratory Infection, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Gustafsson K, Willebrand E, Welsh M. Absence of the adaptor protein Shb potentiates the T helper type 2 response in a mouse model of atopic dermatitis. Immunology 2014; 143:33-41. [PMID: 24645804 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant regulation of T helper (Th) cell maturation is associated with a number of autoimmune conditions, including allergic disorders and rheumatoid arthritis. The Src homology domain protein B (Shb) adaptor protein was recently implicated as a regulator of Th cell differentiation. Shb is an integral component of the T-cell receptor (TCR) signalling complex and in the absence of Shb the TCR is less responsive to stimulation, resulting in the preferential development of Th2 responses under conditions of in vitro stimulation. In the present study, we extend those observations to an in vivo situation using a murine model of atopic dermatitis. Shb knockout mice develop more pronounced symptoms of atopic dermatitis with increased localized oedema, epidermal hyperplasia and IgE production. Dermal infiltration of mast cells, eosinophils, CD4(+) Th cells and F4/80(+) macrophages was also significantly increased in Shb-deficient mice. This correlated with elevated transcription of the hallmark Th2 cytokines interleukin-4 and interleukin-5. The loss of Shb therefore alters TCR signalling ability, thereby favouring the development of Th2-driven inflammation and exacerbating symptoms of allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Gustafsson
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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