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Guo G, Wang W, Tu M, Zhao B, Han J, Li J, Pan Y, Zhou J, Ma W, Liu Y, Sun T, Han X, An Y. Deciphering adipose development: Function, differentiation and regulation. Dev Dyn 2024. [PMID: 38516819 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The overdevelopment of adipose tissues, accompanied by excess lipid accumulation and energy storage, leads to adipose deposition and obesity. With the increasing incidence of obesity in recent years, obesity is becoming a major risk factor for human health, causing various relevant diseases (including hypertension, diabetes, osteoarthritis and cancers). Therefore, it is of significance to antagonize obesity to reduce the risk of obesity-related diseases. Excess lipid accumulation in adipose tissues is mediated by adipocyte hypertrophy (expansion of pre-existing adipocytes) or hyperplasia (increase of newly-formed adipocytes). It is necessary to prevent excessive accumulation of adipose tissues by controlling adipose development. Adipogenesis is exquisitely regulated by many factors in vivo and in vitro, including hormones, cytokines, gender and dietary components. The present review has concluded a comprehensive understanding of adipose development including its origin, classification, distribution, function, differentiation and molecular mechanisms underlying adipogenesis, which may provide potential therapeutic strategies for harnessing obesity without impairing adipose tissue function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wanli Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Mengjie Tu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Binbin Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jiayang Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jiali Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yanbing Pan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wen Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Tiantian Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yang An
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Lee S, Ogino S, Sowa Y, Yamamoto K, Kato Y, Munisso MC, Saito S, Shirai M, Yamaoka T, Morimoto N. Evaluation of adipogenesis over time using a novel bioabsorbable implant without the addition of exogenous cells or growth factors. Regen Ther 2024; 25:220-228. [PMID: 38260087 PMCID: PMC10801210 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Breast reconstruction is crucial for patients who have undergone mastectomy for breast cancer. Our bioabsorbable implants comprising an outer poly-l-lactic acid mesh and an inner component filled with collagen sponge promote and retain adipogenesis in vivo without the addition of exogenous cells or growth factors. In this study, we evaluated adipogenesis over time histologically and at the gene expression level using this implant in a rodent model. Methods The implants were inserted in the inguinal and dorsal regions of the animals. At 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-operation, the weight, volume, and histological assessment of all newly formed tissue were performed. We analyzed the formation of new adipose tissue using multiphoton microscopy and RNA sequencing. Results Both in the inguinal and dorsal regions, adipose tissue began to form 1 month post-operation in the peripheral area. Angiogenesis into implants was observed until 3 months. At 6 months, microvessels matured and the amount of newly generated adipose tissue peaked and was uniformly distributed inside implants. The amount of newly generated adipose tissue decreased from 6 to 12 months but at 12 months, adipose tissue was equivalent to the native tissue histologically and in terms of gene expression. Conclusions Our bioabsorbable implants could induce normal adipogenesis into the implants after subcutaneous implantation. Our implants can serve as a novel and safe material for breast reconstruction without requiring exogenous cells or growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghee Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuichi Ogino
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sowa
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenta Yamamoto
- Department of Immunology, Kyoto Prefecture University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Kato
- Gunze QOL Research Center Laboratory, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Maria Chiara Munisso
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Susumu Saito
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Manabu Shirai
- Omics Research Center (ORC), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Yamaoka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Morimoto
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Hasegawa T, Watanabe Y. Changes in vital signs during adrenaline administration for hemostasis in intracordal injection: an observational study with a hypothetical design of endotracheal adrenaline administration in cardiopulmonary arrest. J Cardiothorac Surg 2023; 18:271. [PMID: 37803400 PMCID: PMC10559520 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-023-02376-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The background is that intravenous adrenaline administration is recommended for advanced cardiovascular life support in adults and endotracheal administration is given low priority. The reason is that the optimal dose of adrenaline in endotracheal administration is unknown, and it is ethically difficult to design studies of endotracheal adrenaline administration with non-cardiopulmonary arrest. We otolaryngologists think so because we administered adrenaline to the vocal folds for hemostasis after intracordal injection under local anesthesia, but have had few cases of vital changes. We hypothesized that examining vital signs before and after adrenaline administration for hemostasis would help determine the optimal dose of endotracheal adrenaline. METHODS We retrospectively examined the medical records of 79 patients who visited our hospital from January 2018 to December 2020 and received adrenaline in the vocal folds and trachea for hemostasis by intracordal injection under local anesthesia to investigate changes in heart rate and systolic blood pressure before and after the injection. RESULTS The mean heart rates before and after injection were 83.96 ± 18.51 (standard deviation) beats per minute (bpm) and 81.50 ± 15.38 (standard deviation) bpm, respectively. The mean systolic blood pressure before and after the injection were 138.13 ± 25.33 (standard deviation) mmHg and 135.72 ± 22.19 (standard deviation) mmHg, respectively. Heart rate and systolic blood pressure had P-values of 0.136, and 0.450, respectively, indicating no significant differences. CONCLUSIONS Although this study was an observational, changes in vital signs were investigated assuming endotracheal adrenaline administration. The current recommended dose of adrenaline in endotracheal administration with cardiopulmonary arrest may not be effective. In some cases of cardiopulmonary arrest, intravenous and intraosseous routes of adrenaline administration may be difficult and the opportunity for resuscitation may be missed. Therefore, it is desirable to have many options for adrenaline administration. Therefore, if the optimal dose and efficacy of endotracheal adrenaline administration can be clarified, early adrenaline administration will be possible, which will improve return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and survival discharge rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Hasegawa
- Tokyo Voice Center, International University of Health and Welfare, 8-5-35 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-0052, Japan
| | - Yusuke Watanabe
- Tokyo Voice Center, International University of Health and Welfare, 8-5-35 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-0052, Japan.
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Hasegawa T, Kanazawa T, Komazawa D, Konomi U, Hirosaki M, Watanabe Y. One Year Outcomes and Longitudinal Changes in Voice Improvement With Single High Dose Intracordal Trafermin Injections for Age-Related Vocal Fold Atrophy. J Voice 2023:S0892-1997(23)00110-8. [PMID: 37142528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2023.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although intracordal trafermin injection has been performed in the treatment of age-related vocal fold atrophy, the effects of single high dose trafermin injections are unknown. In this study, we examined the 1 year outcomes and longitudinal changes in voice improvement with single high dose intracordal trafermin injections. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective study with approval by our Ethics Committee. METHODS The medical records of 34 patients who underwent single high dose (50ug per side) intracordal trafermin injections under local anesthesia for vocal fold atrophy were retrospectively reviewed at 1 month pre-injection and 1 month, 6 months and 1 year post injection. RESULTS Maximum phonation time (MPT), pitch range (PR), Japanese version of voice handicap index (VHI), grade of GRBAS evaluation, and jitter% improved significantly at 1-year post-injection compared to 1-month pre-injection. MPT and PR improved as early as 1-month post-injection and continued to improve most at 1-year post-injection. VHI showed negative progression from 6-months to 1-year post-injection, during which time the speaking fundamental frequency (SFF) changed to the high pitch in men. CONCLUSIONS Single high dose intracordal trafermin injections can be expected to improve voice in the early post-injection period and to maintain its effect for 1 year. SFF may play a role in worsening VHI in men. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE level 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Hasegawa
- Tokyo Voice Center, International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeharu Kanazawa
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | | | - Ujimoto Konomi
- Voice and Dizziness Clinic Futakotamagawa Otolaryngology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayu Hirosaki
- Tokyo Voice Center, International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Watanabe
- Tokyo Voice Center, International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan.
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Hasegawa T, Fujita R, Komazawa D, Konomi U, Hirosaki M, Watanabe Y. Evaluation of Safety After Intracordal Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Injection. J Voice 2023:S0892-1997(23)00100-5. [PMID: 37028950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although there are many reports of voice improvement with intracordal trafermin (a basic fibroblast growth factor) injections under local anesthesia, few papers have documented the safety of trafermin. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether trafermin is safer than control drugs (triamcinolone acetonide) early after intracordal injection under local anesthesia. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review from the medical records of patients who underwent intracordal injection with trafermin and triamcinolone acetonide under local anesthesia at our institution. Early postinjective complications were defined as changes in vital signs and chief complaints early after intracordal injection. RESULTS A total of 699 and 297 patients underwent intracordal injection under local anesthesia with trafermin and triamcinolone acetonide, respectively. Of these, 227 and 130 patients had early postinjective complications with trafermin and triamcinolone acetonide, retrospectively. The most common complications occurring with trafermin was increased blood pressure in 39 cases (5.58%): 17 cases (2.43%) of blood pressure increase of ≥20 mm Hg. Other complications included pharyngeal discomfort in 37 (5.29%), lightheadedness in 33 (4.72%), and phlegm discharge in 29 (4.15%). Triamcinolone acetonide caused pharyngeal discomfort in 28 patients (9.43%), phlegm discharge in 17 patients (5.72%), lightheadedness in 12 patients (4.04%), sore throat in 11 patients (3.70%), increased blood pressure in 10 patients (3.37%): 7 cases (2.36%) of blood pressure increase of ≥20 mm Hg, and dizziness in seven patients (2.36%). Statistical analysis of the complications between trafermin and triamcinolone acetonide showed no significant differences. CONCLUSIONS The proportion of early postinjective complications from intracordal injection of trafermin is no significant difference in that of triamcinolone acetonide. The results suggest that the early postinjective complications are not due to the drug action of trafermin, but rather to complications from the intracordal injection procedures. Intracordal trafermin injection may be safe in the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Hasegawa
- Tokyo Voice Center, International University of Health and Welfare, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Retsu Fujita
- Innovation & Research Support Center, International University of Health and Welfare, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Ujimoto Konomi
- Voice and Dizziness Clinic Futakotamagawa Otolaryngology, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayu Hirosaki
- Tokyo Voice Center, International University of Health and Welfare, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Watanabe
- Tokyo Voice Center, International University of Health and Welfare, Minato, Tokyo, Japan.
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6
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Hasegawa T, Komazawa D, Konomi U, Hirosaki M, Watanabe Y. Changes in serum basic fibroblast growth factor concentration following intracordal injection. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2023; 8:478-487. [PMID: 37090871 PMCID: PMC10116976 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.1022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Although many studies have reported improvements in voice outcomes with intracordal trafermin injection, there is a lack of data documenting its changes in serum basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) blood concentration. This study examined whether serum bFGF concentrations change after intracordal trafermin injection. Methods This retrospective study was conducted at Tokyo Voice Center. We investigated serum bFGF concentrations before and after injection in 40 patients who underwent intracordal trafermin injection. There were 26 males and 14 females, with an age ranging from 13 to 88 years (average 53.25 years). They were diagnosed with paralysis (15 patients), atrophy (15 patients), sulcus (8 patients), and others (2 patients: scar and functional), presenting with severe hoarseness that interfered with daily life. Results The mean pre- and post-injective serum bFGF concentration of the 40 patients was 6.689 and 4.658 pg/mL, respectively. The difference in mean serum bFGF concentration between pre- and post-injective was -2.031 pg/mL. The Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated to evaluate the correlation between dosage of trafermin and post-injective serum bFGF concentration, and a moderate correlation was found at r = 0.52. Generalized linear model regression analysis was performed for the purpose of adjusting for confounding among variables. The only variable that showed a statistically predominant association with post-injective serum bFGF concentrations was the dosage of trafermin, with an estimated regression coefficient of 0.048. Conclusion In this study, the dosage of trafermin we injected and post-injective serum bFGF concentrations were dose-dependent but the amount of changes in the serum bFGF concentration was negligible within the physiological range. Therefore, as with subcutaneous and wound administration, intracordal trafermin injections may be safe. Level of Evidence Level IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Hasegawa
- Tokyo Voice Center International University of Health and Welfare Tokyo Japan
| | | | - Ujimoto Konomi
- Voice and Dizziness Clinic Futakotamagawa Otolaryngology Tokyo Japan
| | - Mayu Hirosaki
- Tokyo Voice Center International University of Health and Welfare Tokyo Japan
| | - Yuusuke Watanabe
- Tokyo Voice Center International University of Health and Welfare Tokyo Japan
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Hasegawa T, Kanazawa T, Komazawa D, Konomi U, Hirosaki M, Ito M, Nishino H, Watanabe Y. Effect of intracordal injection under local anesthesia on vital signs in high-risk patients. Auris Nasus Larynx 2021; 49:445-453. [PMID: 34711470 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intracordal injection under local anesthesia is widely performed; however, few studies show hemodynamic changes in the heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, and blood pressure during intracordal injection under local anesthesia. This study examined changes in vital signs (heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure) during intracordal injection under local anesthesia among high-risk patients and investigated whether intracordal injection under local anesthesia could be safely conducted. METHODS A retrospective chart review was adopted as the research design. We investigated the changes in vital signs (heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, blood pressure) before and after intracordal injection with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) preparations under local anesthesia in 46 patients who visited our institution and developed unilateral vocal cord paralysis after a thoracic aortic aneurysm, thoracic aortic dissection surgery, thyroid disease, esophageal disease, idiopathic disease, etc. RESULTS: The average operation time for the high-risk group was 3.67 minutes, with the shortest operating time being 2 minutes and the maximum operating time being 13 minutes. The average operation time for the control group was 3.73 minutes, with the shortest operating time being 1 minute and the maximum operating time being 9 minutes. Results before and after intracordal injection with bFGF preparations under local anesthesia for heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure had P-values of 0.324, 0.394, 0.215, and 0.508, respectively, in the high-risk group, and no significant differences were found. Conversely, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure had P-values of 0.057, 0.232, 0.265, and 0.091, respectively, in the control group, and no significant differences were found. CONCLUSION Intracordal injection under local anesthesia may be safe, even for patients who require blood pressure management after thoracic aortic disease surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Hasegawa
- Tokyo Voice Center,International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takeharu Kanazawa
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | | | - Ujimoto Konomi
- Voice and Dizziness Clinic Futakotamagawa Otolaryngology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayu Hirosaki
- Tokyo Voice Center,International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Ito
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishino
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Watanabe
- Tokyo Voice Center,International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan.
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8
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Petrova ES, Kolos EA, Korzhevskii DE. Changes in the Thickness of Rat Nerve Sheaths after Single Subperineural Administration of Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Bull Exp Biol Med 2021; 171:547-552. [PMID: 34542760 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-021-05267-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The sheaths of the damaged peripheral nerve of Wistar-Kyoto rats were studied after single subperineural administration of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-labeled bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from the same rats. The sciatic nerve was damaged by ligation for 40 sec directly before MSC administration. BrdU+ MSC were identified in the recipient nerve within 1 week after transplantation and were detected not only in the endoneurium, but also in the epineurium and perineurium. It was found that single administration of MSC into the damaged nerve trunk led to an almost 2-fold increase in the thickness of its sheaths (perineurium and epineurium) in comparison with the control group (ligation). It can be hypothesized that MSC induce thickening of nerve sheaths through the production of factors that stimulate angiogenesis and adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Petrova
- Laboratory of Functional Morphology of the Central and Peripheral Nervous System, Department of General and Particular Morphology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - E A Kolos
- Laboratory of Functional Morphology of the Central and Peripheral Nervous System, Department of General and Particular Morphology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - D E Korzhevskii
- Laboratory of Functional Morphology of the Central and Peripheral Nervous System, Department of General and Particular Morphology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Cheng M, Janzekovic J, Mohseni M, Medeiros Savi F, McGovern J, Galloway G, Wong C, Saifzadeh S, Wagels M, Hutmacher DW. A Preclinical Animal Model for the Study of Scaffold-Guided Breast Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2021; 27:366-377. [PMID: 33906394 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2020.0387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Scaffold-guided breast tissue engineering (SGBTE) has the potential to transform reconstructive breast surgery. Currently, there is a deficiency in clinically relevant animal models suitable for studying novel breast tissue engineering concepts. To date, only a small number of large animal studies have been conducted and characterization of these large animal models is poorly described in the literature. Addressing this gap in the literature, this publication comprehensively describes our original porcine model based on the current published literature and the experience gained from previous animal studies conducted by our research group. In a long-term experiment using our model, we investigated our SGBTE approach by implanting 60 additively manufactured bioresorbable scaffolds under the panniculus carnosus muscle along the flanks of 12 pigs over 12 months. Our model has the flexibility to compare multiple treatment modalities where we successfully investigated scaffolds filled with various treatments of immediate and delayed fat graft and augmentation with platelet rich plasma. No wound complications were observed using our animal model. We were able to grow clinically relevant volumes of soft tissue, which validates our model. Our preclinical large animal model is ideally suited to assess different scaffold or hydrogel-driven soft tissue regeneration strategies. Impact statement The ability to regenerate soft tissue through scaffold-guided tissue engineering concepts can transform breast reconstructive surgery. We describe an original preclinical large animal model to study controlled and reproducible scaffold-guided breast tissue engineering (SGBTE) concepts. This model features the flexibility to investigate multiple treatment conditions per animal, making it an efficient model. We have validated our model with a long-term experiment over 12 months, which exceeds other shorter published studies. Our SGBTE concept provides a more clinically relevant approach in terms of breast reconstruction. Future studies using this model will support the translation of SGBTE into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Cheng
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jan Janzekovic
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mina Mohseni
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Flavia Medeiros Savi
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jacqui McGovern
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Graham Galloway
- Imaging Technology, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Clement Wong
- Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Siamak Saifzadeh
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michael Wagels
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.,Herston Biofabrication Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dietmar W Hutmacher
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,ARC ITTC in Additive Biomanufacturing, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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10
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Tanaka Y, Tamai M, Taguchi N, Niyazi A, Ueno M, Nagasao T. Spontaneously generated large adipose flaps in vivo tissue engineering chambers. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2020; 73:1889-1896. [PMID: 32576455 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2020.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM Previous experiments using our in vivo tissue engineering chamber (TEC) model demonstrated that adipose flap was spontaneously generated without the need for adipocyte or stem cell implantation. The purposes of the present study are to clarify 1) the reproducibility of this method to create adipose flaps, 2) the time-course of adipogenesis, and 3) the long-term stability of the adipose flap generated. METHODS The chambers that afforded a protected space for tissue growth were implanted into the groins of rabbits. A vascular pedicle as the vascular source of newly formed tissue, a collagen sponge as a scaffold, and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) as growth factors were contained within the chamber. There were three experimental groups according to the implantation period of the chamber; Group 4 w, Group 8 w, and Group 12 w (n = 5 in each group). RESULTS The percent volumes of the combined adipose/pedicle tissue compared with the total volume of the generated tissue were 14.8% (0.437 cm3/2.96 cm3), 47% (0.87 cm3/1.85 cm3) and 80% (1.82 cm3/2.27 cm3) in Groups 4 w, 8 w, and 12 w, respectively. When a 12-week adipose flap was transferred outside the chamber on its vascular pedicle and retained for a further five months, it became more like mature adipose tissue and had increased fat density. CONCLUSION Adipose flaps were spontaneously generated in vivo in TECs at 12 weeks with reproducibility and showed long-term stability outside the chamber following pedicle transfer. The tissue-engineered adipose flap will contribute to breast reconstruction and augmentation without donor-site morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Tanaka
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan.
| | - Motogi Tamai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan; Department of Inflammation Pathology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Taguchi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Aizezi Niyazi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Masaki Ueno
- Department of Inflammation Pathology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Nagasao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
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Tanaka Y, Hamamoto Y, Niyazi A, Nagasao T, Ueno M, Tabata Y. Effects of platelet-rich plasma on tissue-engineered vascularized flaps in an in vivo chamber. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2018; 71:1062-1068. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Ogino S, Morimoto N, Sakamoto M, Jinno C, Yoshikawa K, Enoshiri T, Sakamoto Y, Taira T, Suzuki S. Development of a novel bioabsorbable implant that is substituted by adipose tissue in vivo. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:633-641. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Ogino
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Naoki Morimoto
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryKansai Medical University Hirakata Japan
| | - Michiharu Sakamoto
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Chizuru Jinno
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Yoshikawa
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryShiga Medical Center for Adults Moriyama Japan
| | - Tatsuki Enoshiri
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | | | | | - Shigehiko Suzuki
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
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Brett E, Chung N, Leavitt WT, Momeni A, Longaker MT, Wan DC. A Review of Cell-Based Strategies for Soft Tissue Reconstruction. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2017; 23:336-346. [PMID: 28372485 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2016.0455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Soft tissue reconstruction to restore volume to damaged or deficient tissue beneath the skin remains a challenging endeavor. Current techniques are centered around autologous fat transfer, or the use of synthetic substitutes, however, a great deal of scientific inquiry has been made into both the molecular mechanisms involved in, and limitations of, de novo adipogenesis, that is, the formation of new adipose tissue from precursor cells. To best comprehend these mechanisms, an understanding of defined markers for adipogenic differentiation, and knowledge of both commercially available and primary cell lines that enable in vitro and in vivo studies is necessary. We review the growth factors, proteins, cytokines, drugs, and molecular pathways that have shown promise in enhancing adipogenesis and vasculogenesis, in addition to the multitude of scaffolds that act as delivery vehicles to support these processes. While progress continues on these fronts, equally important is how researchers are optimizing clinically employed strategies such as autologous fat transfer through cell-based intervention, and the potential to augment this approach through isolation of preferentially adipogenic or angiogenic precursor subpopulations, which exists on the horizon. This review will highlight the novel molecular and synthetic modifications currently being studied for inducing adipose tissue regeneration on a cellular level, which will expand our arsenal of techniques for approaching soft tissue reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Brett
- 1 Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - Natalie Chung
- 1 Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - William Tripp Leavitt
- 1 Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - Arash Momeni
- 1 Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - Michael T Longaker
- 1 Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California.,2 Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University , Stanford, California
| | - Derrick C Wan
- 1 Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
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14
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Robla Costales D, Junquera L, García Pérez E, Gómez Llames S, Álvarez-Viejo M, Meana-Infiesta Á. Ectopic bone formation during tissue-engineered cartilage repair using autologous chondrocytes and novel plasma-derived albumin scaffolds. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2016; 44:1743-1749. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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15
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Zhang S, Lu Q, Cao T, Toh WS. Adipose Tissue and Extracellular Matrix Development by Injectable Decellularized Adipose Matrix Loaded with Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor. Plast Reconstr Surg 2016; 137:1171-1180. [PMID: 27018672 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000002019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a significant need for soft-tissue replacements in the field of reconstructive surgery. Decellularized adipose tissues were heparin crosslinked and loaded with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). This injectable system was evaluated for its adipogenic and angiogenic capabilities for in vivo adipose tissue regeneration. METHODS Decellularized adipose tissues were harvested from the inguinal fat pads of C57BL/6J mice, minced, and heparinized before being loaded with bFGF. Decellularized adipose tissues without bFGF served as a control. In vivo adipose neotissue formation, neovascularization, and volume stability were evaluated over a period of 12 weeks. After 6 or 12 weeks, mice were killed and the newly formed adipose tissues, together with the contralateral endogenous adipose tissues, were harvested for gross, volumetric, histologic, and immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS Decellularized adipose tissues that were heparinized and loaded with bFGF induced significant de novo adipose neotissue formation, with progressive tissue growth and neovascularization from 6 to 12 weeks. The adipose neotissues exhibited mature adipose morphology and extracellular matrix that closely resembled that of the endogenous adipose tissue. In contrast, decellularized adipose tissues without bFGF induced limited adipose neotissue formation and were completely resorbed by the end of 12 weeks. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the high efficiency of heparinized decellularized adipose tissue matrix loaded with bFGF in promoting adipose neotissue formation and neovascularization with long-term volume stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipin Zhang
- Singapore.,From the Faculty of Dentistry and the Tissue Engineering Program, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore
| | - Qiqi Lu
- Singapore.,From the Faculty of Dentistry and the Tissue Engineering Program, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore
| | - Tong Cao
- Singapore.,From the Faculty of Dentistry and the Tissue Engineering Program, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore
| | - Wei Seong Toh
- Singapore.,From the Faculty of Dentistry and the Tissue Engineering Program, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore
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Abstract
Although lipotransfer, or fat grafting, is a commonly used procedure in aesthetic and reconstructive surgery, there is still variability in graft survival and neoadipogenesis from one procedure to the next. A better understanding of the sequential molecular events occurring with grafting would allow us to strategize methods to improve the regenerative potency of the grafted tissue. These steps begin with an autophagic process, followed by the inclusion of stromal vascular fraction and matrix components. By tailoring and modifying each of these steps for a particular type of aesthetic or reconstructive procedure, strategic sequencing represents a dynamic approach to lipotransfer with the aim of maximizing adipocyte viability and growth. In the implementation of the strategic sequence, it remains important to consider the clinical viability of each step and its compliance with the US Food and Drug Administration regulations. This review highlights the basic science behind clinically translatable approaches to supplementing various fat grafting procedures.
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17
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Hwang BW, Kim SJ, Park KM, Kim H, Yeom J, Yang JA, Jeong H, Jung H, Kim K, Sung YC, Hahn SK. Genetically engineered mesenchymal stem cell therapy using self-assembling supramolecular hydrogels. J Control Release 2015; 220:119-129. [PMID: 26485045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy has attracted a great deal of attention for treating intractable diseases such as cancer, stroke, liver cirrhosis, and ischemia. Especially, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely investigated for therapeutic applications due to the advantageous characteristics of long life-span, facile isolation, rapid proliferation, prolonged transgene expression, hypo-immunogenicity, and tumor tropism. MSCs can exert their therapeutic effects by releasing stress-induced therapeutic molecules after their rapid migration to damaged tissues. Recently, to improve the therapeutic efficacy, genetically engineered MSCs have been developed for therapeutic transgene expression by viral gene transduction and non-viral gene transfection. In general, the number of therapeutic cells for injection should be more than several millions for effective cell therapy. Adequate carriers for the controlled delivery of MSCs can reduce the required cell numbers and extend the duration of therapeutic effect, which provide great benefits for chronic disease patients. In this review, we describe genetic engineering of MSCs, recent progress of self-assembling supramolecular hydrogels, and their applications to cell therapy for intractable diseases and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Woo Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Korea
| | - Su Jin Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Korea
| | - Kyeng Min Park
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Advanced Materials Science, Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Korea; Department of Nanomaterials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-333, Korea
| | - Hyemin Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Korea
| | - Junseok Yeom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Korea
| | - Jeong-A Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Korea
| | - Hyeonseon Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Korea
| | - Hyuntae Jung
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Korea
| | - Kimoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Advanced Materials Science, Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Korea; School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Korea.
| | - Young Chul Sung
- Department of Life Sciences, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Korea; School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Korea.
| | - Sei Kwang Hahn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Korea; School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Korea.
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18
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Brännmark C, Paul A, Ribeiro D, Magnusson B, Brolén G, Enejder A, Forslöw A. Increased adipogenesis of human adipose-derived stem cells on polycaprolactone fiber matrices. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113620. [PMID: 25419971 PMCID: PMC4242727 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
With accelerating rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes world-wide, interest in studying the adipocyte and adipose tissue is increasing. Human adipose derived stem cells--differentiated to adipocytes in vitro--are frequently used as a model system for white adipocytes, as most of their pathways and functions resemble mature adipocytes in vivo. However, these cells are not completely like in vivo mature adipocytes. Hosting the cells in a more physiologically relevant environment compared to conventional two-dimensional cell culturing on plastic surfaces, can produce spatial cues that drive the cells towards a more mature state. We investigated the adipogenesis of adipose derived stem cells on electro spun polycaprolactone matrices and compared functionality to conventional two-dimensional cultures as well as to human primary mature adipocytes. To assess the degree of adipogenesis we measured cellular glucose-uptake and lipolysis and used a range of different methods to evaluate lipid accumulation. We compared the averaged results from a whole population with the single cell characteristics--studied by coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy--to gain a comprehensive picture of the cell phenotypes. In adipose derived stem cells differentiated on a polycaprolactone-fiber matrix; an increased sensitivity in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was detected when cells were grown on either aligned or random matrices. Furthermore, comparing differentiation of adipose derived stem cells on aligned polycaprolactone-fiber matrixes, to those differentiated in two-dimensional cultures showed, an increase in the cellular lipid accumulation, and hormone sensitive lipase content. In conclusion, we propose an adipocyte cell model created by differentiation of adipose derived stem cells on aligned polycaprolactone-fiber matrices which demonstrates increased maturity, compared to 2D cultured cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Brännmark
- Reagent and Assay Development Discovery Sciences R&D, Astra Zeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Paul
- Molecular Microscopy Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Diana Ribeiro
- Reagent and Assay Development Discovery Sciences R&D, Astra Zeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
- Molecular Microscopy Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Björn Magnusson
- Reagent and Assay Development Discovery Sciences R&D, Astra Zeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Gabriella Brolén
- Reagent and Assay Development Discovery Sciences R&D, Astra Zeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Annika Enejder
- Molecular Microscopy Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Forslöw
- Reagent and Assay Development Discovery Sciences R&D, Astra Zeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
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19
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Experimental and clinical methods used for fat volume maintenance after autologous fat grafting. Ann Plast Surg 2014; 72:475-83. [PMID: 24618741 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000000117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Management of soft tissue deficits resulting from congenital abnormalities, trauma, systemic disease, and tumors is a particularly challenging field of plastic and reconstructive surgery. Fat grafting, a technique traditionally used in the correction of facial asymmetry, is commonly seen in aesthetic procedures which use the grafted fat for soft tissue augmentation and recontouring. Despite its widespread use in reconstruction and aesthetic surgery, therapeutic modalities applied in fat grafting are crude and the results of this intervention are unpredictable. The aim of this review was to present the most recent evidence regarding experimental studies and designs which confirmed or disproved fat volume expansion or fat maintenance after autologous fat grafting.
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20
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Martinez-Santibañez G, Cho KW, Lumeng CN. Imaging white adipose tissue with confocal microscopy. Methods Enzymol 2014; 537:17-30. [PMID: 24480339 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-411619-1.00002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is composed of a variety of cell types that include mature adipocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, adipocyte progenitors, and a range of inflammatory leukocytes. These cells work in concert to promote nutrient storage in adipose tissue depots and vary widely based on location. In addition, overnutrition and obesity impart significant changes in the architecture of adipose tissue that are strongly associated with metabolic dysfunction. Recent studies have called attention to the importance of adipose tissue microenvironments in regulating adipocyte function and therefore require techniques that preserve cellular interactions and permit detailed analysis of three-dimensional structures in fat. This chapter summarizes our experience with the use of laser scanning confocal microscopy for imaging adipose tissue in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kae Won Cho
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Carey N Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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21
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Tsuji W, Rubin JP, Marra KG. Adipose-derived stem cells: Implications in tissue regeneration. World J Stem Cells 2014; 6:312-321. [PMID: 25126381 PMCID: PMC4131273 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v6.i3.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that are obtained from abundant adipose tissue, adherent on plastic culture flasks, can be expanded in vitro, and have the capacity to differentiate into multiple cell lineages. Unlike bone marrow-derived MSCs, ASCs can be obtained from abundant adipose tissue by a minimally invasive procedure, which results in a high number of cells. Therefore, ASCs are promising for regenerating tissues and organs damaged by injury and diseases. This article reviews the implications of ASCs in tissue regeneration.
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22
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Lu Q, Li M, Zou Y, Cao T. Induction of adipocyte hyperplasia in subcutaneous fat depot alleviated type 2 diabetes symptoms in obese mice. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2014; 22:1623-31. [PMID: 24435986 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The role of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes is still under controversy. In this study, the metabolic effects of inducing adipocyte hyperplasia in SAT depots in obese mice were investigated. METHODS High fat diet was used to induce obesity and type 2 diabetes symptoms in C57BL6/J mice. To induce SAT expansion through hyperplasia, acellular adipogenic cocktails were injected around the SAT depots in high fat diet-induced obese mice. RESULTS Ten weeks after injections, significant neoadipogenesis was induced, which not only obviously expanded the volume of SATs but also significantly increased the adipocyte density within the whole SAT depots. Importantly, these mice exhibited improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity (homeostatic model assessment) when compared to control group. Further studies suggested that these beneficial metabolic effects were associated with elevation of serum high-molecular-weight adiponectin level and reduction of ectopic lipid accumulation in liver. CONCLUSIONS These findings not only further supported the protective role of SAT in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes but also highlighted the importance of adipocyte hyperplasia in this protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Lu
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Faculty of Dentistry NUS Graduate School for Integrative Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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24
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Tanzi MC, Farè S. Adipose tissue engineering: state of the art, recent advances and innovative approaches. Expert Rev Med Devices 2014; 6:533-51. [DOI: 10.1586/erd.09.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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25
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Lu Q, Li M, Zou Y, Cao T. Delivery of basic fibroblast growth factors from heparinized decellularized adipose tissue stimulates potent de novo adipogenesis. J Control Release 2013; 174:43-50. [PMID: 24240014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Scaffolds based on decellularized adipose tissue (DAT) are gaining popularity in adipose tissue engineering due to their high biocompatibility and adipogenic inductive property. However, previous studies involving DAT-derived scaffolds have not fully revealed their potentials for in vivo adipose tissue construction. With the aim of developing a more efficient adipose tissue engineering technique based on DAT, in this study, we investigated the in vivo adipogenic potential of a basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) delivery system based on heparinized DAT (Hep-DAT). To generate this system, heparins were cross-linked to mouse DATs by using 1-ethyl-3-[3-dimethylaminopropyl]carbodiimide and N-Hydroxysuccinimide. The bFGF-binding Hep-DATs were first tested for controlled release ability in vitro and then transplanted subcutaneously. Highly vascularized adipose tissues were formed 6weeks after transplantation. Histology and gene expression analysis revealed that majority of the Hep-DAT scaffolds were infiltrated with host-derived adipose tissues that possessed similar adipogenic and inflammatory gene expression as endogenous adipose tissues. Additionally, strong de novo adipogenesis could also be induced when bFGF-binding Hep-DATs were thoroughly minced and injected subcutaneously. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that bFGF-binding Hep-DAT could be an efficient, biocompatible and injectable adipogenic system for in vivo adipose tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Lu
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mingming Li
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yu Zou
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tong Cao
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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Nagai H, Nishiyama K, Seino Y, Kimura Y, Tabata Y, Okamoto M. Fascia implantation with fibroblast growth factor on vocal fold paralysis. Am J Otolaryngol 2013; 34:331-6. [PMID: 23517569 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2013.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this prospective study was to determine the effect of autologous transplantation of fascia into the vocal fold (ATFV) with controlled release of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) in a rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) section was performed on 15 rats. Ten rats received an autologous fascia implant and gelatin hydrogel with or without bFGF (1 μg) to their larynxes (fascia only, "fascia group"; bFGF + fascia, "fascia + bFGF group"), while the rest underwent RLN transection ("RLN section group"). Four months later, evaluation of the laryngeal glottal gap and histological analysis were performed. RESULTS The glottal gap was significantly reduced in the fascia + bFGF group, and fat volume increased significantly relative to the RLN section. The volume of the remaining fascia in the bFGF + fascia group was significantly greater than that of the fascia group. CONCLUSIONS ATFV with controlled release of bFGF may compensate for diminished laryngeal volume in UVFP by reducing resorption of the implanted fascia and increasing fat volume. Our findings suggest that this modality may represent an attractive option for treating UVFP.
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Krumboeck A, Giovanoli P, Plock JA. Fat grafting and stem cell enhanced fat grafting to the breast under oncological aspects--recommendations for patient selection. Breast 2013; 22:579-84. [PMID: 23769661 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2013.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Reconstructive and aesthetic fat grafting has been introduced to the breast level over the last years. The safety of such procedures has so far not been completely clarified. The concept has now been refined to stem cell enhanced fat grafting. However beside the promise of using adult stem cells in terms of tissue rejuvenation and augmentation, scar treatment and reconstruction, the variance of adipose stem cell function--including angiogenetic, antiapoptotic, immunomodulatory, chemotactic and anti-scarring potential--raises new scepsis about oncological safety. Herein we reviewed experimental and clinical data on fat grafting and stem cell enhanced fat grafting addressing surgical promise and oncological concerns. Based on these data we suggest clinical criteria for patient selection undergoing fat grafting for aesthetic or reconstructive reasons based on their individual breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Krumboeck
- Division of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
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Patil AS, Merchant Y, Nagarajan P. Tissue Engineering of Craniofacial Tissues – A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.7243/2050-1218-2-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Sarkanen JR, Ruusuvuori P, Kuokkanen H, Paavonen T, Ylikomi T. Bioactive Acellular Implant Induces Angiogenesis and Adipogenesis and Sustained Soft Tissue Restoration In Vivo. Tissue Eng Part A 2012; 18:2568-80. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jertta-Riina Sarkanen
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- FICAM, Finnish Center for Alternative Methods, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Science Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pekka Ruusuvuori
- Department of Signal Processing, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hannu Kuokkanen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Timo Paavonen
- Department of Pathology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Timo Ylikomi
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- FICAM, Finnish Center for Alternative Methods, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Soft-tissue repair is currently limited by the availability of autologous tissue sources and the absence of an ideal soft-tissue replacement comparable to native adipose tissue. Extracellular matrix-based biomaterials have demonstrated great potential as instructive scaffolds for regenerative medicine, mechanically and biochemically defined by the tissue of origin. As such, the distinctive high lipid content of adipose tissue requires unique processing conditions to generate a biocompatible scaffold for soft-tissue repair. METHODS Human adipose tissue was decellularized to obtain a matrix devoid of lipids and cells while preserving extracellular matrix architecture and bioactivity. To control degradation and volume persistence, the scaffold was cross-linked using hexamethylene diisocyanate and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide. In vitro studies with human adipose-derived stem cells were used to assess cell viability and adipogenic differentiation on the biomaterial. In vivo biocompatibility and volume persistence were evaluated by subcutaneous implantation over 12 weeks in a small-animal model. RESULTS The scaffold provided a biocompatible matrix supporting the growth and differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells in vitro. Cross-linking the matrix increased its resistance to enzymatic degradation. Subcutaneous implantation of the acellular adipose matrix in Sprague-Dawley rats showed minimal inflammatory reaction. Adipose tissue development and vascularization were observed in the implant, with host cells migrating into the matrix indicating the instructive potential of the matrix for guiding tissue remodeling and regeneration. CONCLUSIONS With its unique biological and mechanical properties, decellularized adipose extracellular matrix is a promising biomaterial scaffold that can potentially be used allogenically for the correction of soft-tissue defects.
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Ogushi Y, Sakai S, Kawakami K. Adipose tissue engineering using adipose-derived stem cells enclosed within an injectable carboxymethylcellulose-based hydrogel. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2012; 7:884-92. [DOI: 10.1002/term.1480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2011] [Revised: 10/29/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Ogushi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Kyushu University; 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Shinji Sakai
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Engineerin Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science; Osaka University; 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Koei Kawakami
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Kyushu University; 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
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Kimura Y, Inamoto T, Tabata Y. Adipose Tissue Formation in Collagen Scaffolds with Different Biodegradabilities. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 21:463-76. [DOI: 10.1163/156856209x424396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Kimura
- a Department of Biomaterials, Field of Tissue Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Inamoto
- b Department of Breast Surgery, Kitano Hospital, The Tazuke Kofukai Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- c Department of Biomaterials, Field of Tissue Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Inoue S, Imamura M, Hirano Y, Tabata Y. Adhesion and Proliferation of Human Adipo-Stromal Cells for Two- or Three-Dimensional Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Substrates with or without RGD Immobilization. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 20:721-36. [DOI: 10.1163/156856209x426600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Inoue
- a Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masaaki Imamura
- b Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawara-cho Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Hirano
- c Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- d Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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Inoue S, Iida Y, Otani Y, Hirano Y, Tabata Y. Adhesion Behavior of Human Adipo-Stromal Cells on Self-Assembled Monolayers with Different Surface Densities or Gradients of RGD Peptide. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 20:495-510. [DOI: 10.1163/156856209x416502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Inoue
- a Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Iida
- b Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Otani
- c Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Hirano
- d Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- e Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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Therapeutic potential of fibroblast growth factor-2 for hypertrophic scars: upregulation of MMP-1 and HGF expression. J Transl Med 2012; 92:214-23. [PMID: 21946856 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2011.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although hypertrophic scars (HTSs) and keloids are challenging problems, their pathogenesis is not well understood, making therapy difficult. We showed that matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 expression was downregulated in HTS compared with normal skin from the same patients, whereas type 1 and 3 collagen and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) were upregulated. These differences, however, were not seen in cultured fibroblasts, suggesting the involvement of microenvironmental factors in the pathogenesis of HTS. Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) highly upregulated the expression of MMP-1 and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in both HTS-derived and control fibroblasts; the upregulation was reversed by extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors. An animal study using human HTS tissue implanted into nude mice indicated that controlled-release FGF-2 resulted in significantly less weight and decreased hydroxyproline content in HTS. Degradation of collagen fibers in FGF-2-treated HTS was also confirmed histologically. Western blotting showed that FGF-2-treated HTS expressed significantly higher MMP-1 protein than control. Decreased MMP-1 expression may be an important transcriptional change in HTS, and its reversal as well as upregulation of HGF by FGF-2 could be a new therapeutic approach for HTS.
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36
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Heris HK, Rahmat M, Mongeau L. Characterization of a hierarchical network of hyaluronic acid/gelatin composite for use as a smart injectable biomaterial. Macromol Biosci 2012; 12:202-10. [PMID: 22147507 PMCID: PMC4490586 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201100335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid HA/Ge hydrogel particles are embedded in a secondary HA network to improve their structural integrity. The internal microstructure of the particles is imaged through TEM. CSLM is used to identify the location of the Ge molecules in the microgels. Through indentation tests, the Young's modulus of the individual particles is found to be 22 ± 2.5 kPa. The overall shear modulus of the composite is 75 ± 15 Pa at 1 Hz. The mechanical properties of the substrate are found to be viable for cell adhesion. The particles' diameter at pH = 8 is twice that at pH = 5. The pH sensitivity is found to be appropriate for smart drug delivery. Based on their mechanical and structural properties, HA-Ge hierarchical materials may be well suited for use as injectable biomaterials for tissue reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein K. Heris
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, 817 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, QC H3A 2K6, Canada
| | - Meysam Rahmat
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, 817 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, QC H3A 2K6, Canada
| | - Luc Mongeau
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, 817 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, QC H3A 2K6, Canada
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38
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Zhou Y, Yan Z, Zhang H, Lu W, Liu S, Huang X, Luo H, Jin Y. Expansion and Delivery of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Three Microcarriers for Soft Tissue Regeneration. Tissue Eng Part A 2011; 17:2981-97. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2010.0707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yalei Zhou
- Department of Oral Histology and Pathology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
- Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Yan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Oral Histology and Pathology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
- Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Oral Histology and Pathology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
- Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- Department of Oral Histology and Pathology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
- Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Xinhui Huang
- Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Hailang Luo
- Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Yan Jin
- Department of Oral Histology and Pathology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
- Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
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Yarak S, Okamoto OK. Human adipose-derived stem cells: current challenges and clinical perspectives. An Bras Dermatol 2011; 85:647-56. [PMID: 21152789 DOI: 10.1590/s0365-05962010000500008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult or somatic stem cells hold great promise for tissue regeneration. Currently, one major scientific interest is focused on the basic biology and clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells share similar characteristics with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, but have some advantages including harvesting through a less invasive surgical procedure. Moreover, adipose tissue-derived stem cells have the potential to differentiate into cells of mesodermal origin, such as adipocytes, cartilage, bone, and skeletal muscle, as well as cells of non-mesodermal lineage, such as hepatocytes, pancreatic endocrine cells, neurons, cardiomyocytes, and vascular endothelial cells. There are, however, inconsistencies in the scientific literature regarding methods for harvesting adipose tissue and for isolating, characterizing and handling adipose tissue-derived stem cells. Future clinical applications of adipose tissue-derived stem cells rely on more defined and widespread methods for obtaining cells of clinical grade quality. In this review, current methods in adipose tissue-derived stem cell research are discussed with emphasis on strategies designed for future applications in regenerative medicine and possible challenges along the way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Yarak
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Brazil.
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40
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tissue defects, sustained through disease or trauma, present enormous challenges in regenerative medicine. Modern tissue engineering (TE) aims at replacing or repairing these defects through a combined approach of biodegradable scaffolds, suitable cell sources and appropriate environmental cues, such as biomolecules presented on scaffold surfaces or sustainably released from within. AREAS COVERED This review provides a brief overview of the various drugs and bioactive molecules of interest to TE, as well as a selection of materials that have been proposed for TE scaffolds and matrices in the past. It then proceeds to discuss encapsulation, immobilization and controlled release strategies for bioactive proteins, before discussing recent advances in this area with a special focus on soft TE. EXPERT OPINION Overall, minimal clinical success has been achieved so far in using growth factor, morphogen, or adhesion factor modified scaffolds and matrices; only one growth factor delivery system (Regranex Gel), has been approved by the FDA for clinical use, with only a handful of other growth factors being approved for human use so far. However, many more growth factors are currently in clinical Phase I - II or preclinical trials and many delivery systems utilize materials already approved by the FDA for other purposes. With respect to drug delivery in soft TE, a combination of increased research efforts in hydrogel and support material development as well as growth factor development is needed before clinical success is realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Ladewig
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Parkville VIC, Australia.
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41
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Choi JH, Gimble JM, Lee K, Marra KG, Rubin JP, Yoo JJ, Vunjak-Novakovic G, Kaplan DL. Adipose tissue engineering for soft tissue regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2011; 16:413-26. [PMID: 20166810 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2009.0544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Current treatment modalities for soft tissue defects caused by various pathologies and trauma include autologous grafting and commercially available fillers. However, these treatment methods present a number of challenges and limitations, such as donor-site morbidity and volume loss over time. As such, improved therapeutic modalities need to be developed. Tissue engineering techniques offer novel solutions to these problems through development of bioactive tissue constructs that can regenerate adipose tissue in both structure and function. Recently, a number of studies have been designed to explore various methods to engineer human adipose tissue. This review will focus on these developments in the area of adipose tissue engineering for soft tissue replacement. The physiology of adipose tissue and current surgical therapies used to replace lost tissue volume, specifically in breast tissue, are introduced, and current biomaterials, cell sources, and tissue culture strategies are discussed. We discuss future areas of study in adipose tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer H Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
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Culture media for the differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells. Acta Biomater 2011; 7:463-77. [PMID: 20688199 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2010.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2010] [Revised: 07/20/2010] [Accepted: 07/27/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can be isolated from various tissues such as bone marrow aspirates, fat or umbilical cord blood. These cells have the ability to proliferate in vitro and differentiate into a series of mesoderm-type lineages, including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, myocytes and vascular cells. Due to this ability, MSCs provide an appealing source of progenitor cells which may be used in the field of tissue regeneration for both research and clinical purposes. The key factors for successful MSC proliferation and differentiation in vitro are the culture conditions. Hence, we here summarize the culture media and their compositions currently available for the differentiation of MSCs towards osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic, endothelial and vascular smooth muscle phenotypes. However, optimal combination of growth factors, cytokines and serum supplements and their concentration within the media is essential for the in vitro culture and differentiation of MSCs and thereby for their application in advanced tissue engineering.
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Dystrophins and DAPs are expressed in adipose tissue and are regulated by adipogenesis and extracellular matrix. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 404:717-22. [PMID: 21147070 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2010] [Accepted: 12/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The dystrophin-associated protein complex (DAPC), consisting of dystrophin, dystroglycans, sarcoglycans, dystrobrevins and syntrophins, provides a linkage between the cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix. The disruption of DAPC leads to Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy and other neuromuscular diseases. Although adipose-derived stem cells had been used for the experimental treatment of Duchenne/Becker disease with promising results, little is known on the expression and function of DAPC in adipose tissue. Here we show that visceral and subcutaneous rat adipose depots express mRNAs for all known dystrophin isoforms, utrophin, α- and β-dystrobrevins, and α-, βI-, βII-, and γII-syntrophins. Visceral and subcutaneous rat preadipocytes express Dp116 and Dp71 mRNAs and proteins, and this expression is differentially regulated during adipogenesis. Rat preadipocytes also express β-dystrobrevin, α-, βI-, βII- and γII-syntrophins, β-dystroglycan and β-, δ-, and ε-sarcoglycans with no changes during adipogenesis. We also show that α-dystrobrevin increases their expression during adipose differentiation and extracellular matrix differentially regulates the expression of dystrophin isoforms mRNAs during adipogenesis. Our results show that DAPC components are expressed in adipose tissues and suggest that this complex has a role on the adipose biology.
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44
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Tissue Engineering Generation of adipose tissue: an overview of current standards and possibilities. Eur Surg 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10353-010-0548-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Keck M, Zeyda M, Gollinger K, Burjak S, Kamolz LP, Frey M, Stulnig TM. Local anesthetics have a major impact on viability of preadipocytes and their differentiation into adipocytes. Plast Reconstr Surg 2010; 126:1500-1505. [PMID: 21042106 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0b013e3181ef8beb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autologous fat transplantation is a well-established technique in surgery. Moreover, the use of preadipocytes in soft-tissue engineering is currently being intensely investigated. Current efforts focus on identifying maneuvers that may minimize resorption and provide predictable late results. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different local anesthetics frequently used in clinical practice on the viability of preadipocytes and their ability to differentiate into adipocytes. METHODS Human preadipocytes were isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue of 15 patients and treated with bupivacaine, mepivacaine, ropivacaine, articaine/epinephrine, and lidocaine for 30 minutes. Viability was determined directly after treatment and during the ensuing cultivation. Differentiation of preadipocytes was determined by expression of the adipocyte marker adiponectin. RESULTS Although the immediate effects of mepivacaine and ropivacaine were only moderate, treatment with articaine/epinephrine and lidocaine strongly impaired preadipocyte viability. Cells normally attached to the culture dishes and proliferated irrespective of the previous treatment. During long-term cultivation, articaine/epinephrine-treated cell viability decreased markedly, whereas other local anesthetics had no impact. Despite normal phenotypic appearance of cells treated with bupivacaine, mepivacaine, ropivacaine, and lidocaine, all local anesthetics markedly impaired adipocyte differentiation as determined by adiponectin expression. CONCLUSIONS The authors' results show that there is a marked influence of local anesthetics not only on the quantity but also on the quality of viable preadipocytes as determined by their ability to differentiate into mature adipocytes. Therefore, these results should be considered in the context of autologous fat transfer and soft-tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Keck
- Vienna, Austria From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, and the Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna
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Gimble JM, Guilak F, Bunnell BA. Clinical and preclinical translation of cell-based therapies using adipose tissue-derived cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2010; 1:19. [PMID: 20587076 PMCID: PMC2905095 DOI: 10.1186/scrt19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 440] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is now recognized as an accessible, abundant, and reliable site for the isolation of adult stem cells suitable for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. The past decade has witnessed an explosion of preclinical data relating to the isolation, characterization, cryopreservation, differentiation, and transplantation of freshly isolated stromal vascular fraction cells and adherent, culture-expanded, adipose-derived stromal/stem cells in vitro and in animal models. This body of work has provided evidence supporting clinical translational applications of adipose-derived cells in safety and efficacy trials. The present article reviews the case reports and phase I-III clinical evidence using autologous adipose-derived cells that have been published, to date, in the fields of gastroenterology, neurology, orthopedics, reconstructive surgery, and related clinical disciplines. Future directions and challenges facing the field are discussed and evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M Gimble
- Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
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Cheng MH, Uriel S, Moya ML, Francis-Sedlak M, Wang R, Huang JJ, Chang SY, Brey EM. Dermis-derived hydrogels support adipogenesis in vivo. J Biomed Mater Res A 2010; 92:852-8. [PMID: 19280638 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials that support adipogenesis could contribute to tissue engineering therapies to be used as alternatives to traditional methods of tissue reconstruction and regeneration. We have recently shown that hydrogels comprised of urea soluble proteins and polysaccharides extracted from adipose tissue promote preadipocyte differentiation in vitro and adipogenesis in vivo. However, it is not clear if these findings result from the adipose tissue source of the extracts or if the technique isolates adipogenic factors from other tissues. The present study investigates whether the application of this technique to dermis samples would provide adipogenic hydrogels. Extracts from dermis assembled into hydrogels by either temperature or pH mechanisms. Both formulations supported preadipocyte differentiation in vitro and vascularized adipose formation in vivo. The temperature formulation of the gels induced more rapid adipose formation than the pH formulation in vivo. Interestingly, in comparison to our previous studies the dermis derived hydrogels had comparable adipogenic properties to adipose gels in vivo but not in vitro. Further study of these materials could lead to insight of the role of specific matrix properties on adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Huei Cheng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Kimura Y, Tsuji W, Yamashiro H, Toi M, Inamoto T, Tabata Y. In situ adipogenesis in fat tissue augmented by collagen scaffold with gelatin microspheres containing basic fibroblast growth factor. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2010; 4:55-61. [PMID: 19830791 DOI: 10.1002/term.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In situ adipose tissue regeneration in fat tissue by collagen sponges and gelatin microspheres containing basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was investigated. A minced collagen sponge scaffold (1 ml) was incorporated with microspheres containing 10 microg bFGF and administered into a defect of rabbit fat tissues. Adipogenesis at the administered site was evaluated histologically. The adipose tissue regeneration induced by the administration of mixed collagen scaffold and microspheres containing bFGF was significantly stronger than that of either collagen scaffold alone or microspheres containing bFGF alone. The histological area of in situ adipogenesis by the mixed collagen scaffold and microspheres containing bFGF was enhanced over time by repeated administration. It is concluded that the repeated administration of collagen scaffold and microspheres containing bFGF is a promising way to achieve adipose tissue regeneration inside inherent fat tissue. This technique might be applicable for the reconstruction of volume contour deformities by trauma or surgical interventions of adipose tissue in a minimally invasive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Kimura
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan
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Moya ML, Cheng MH, Huang JJ, Francis-Sedlak ME, Kao SW, Opara EC, Brey EM. The effect of FGF-1 loaded alginate microbeads on neovascularization and adipogenesis in a vascular pedicle model of adipose tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2010; 31:2816-26. [PMID: 20080298 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2009] [Accepted: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Engineered vascularized adipose tissue could serve as an alternative to traditional tissue reconstruction procedures. Adipose formation occurs in a coordinated fashion with neovascularization. Previous studies have shown that extracellular matrix-based materials supplemented with factors that stimulate neovascularization promote adipogenesis in a number of animal models. The present study examines the ability of fibroblast growth factor (FGF-1) delivered from alginate microbeads to induce neovascularization and adipogenesis in type I collagen gels in a vascular pedicle model of adipose tissue engineering. FGF-1 loaded microbeads stimulated greater vascular network formation in an in vitro 3D co-culture model than a single bolus of FGF-1. In in vivo studies, FGF-1 loaded beads suspended in collagen and implanted in a chamber surrounding the exposed femoral pedicle of a rat resulted in a significant increase in vascular density at 1 and 6 weeks in comparison to bolus administration of FGF-1. Staining for smooth muscle actin showed that over 48% of vessels had associated mural cells. While an increase in neovascularization was achieved, there was less than 3% adipose under any condition. These results show that delivery of FGF-1 from alginate beads stimulated a more persistent neovascularization response than bolus FGF-1 both in vitro and in vivo. However, unlike previous studies, this increased neovascularization did not result in adipogenesis. Future studies need to provide a better understanding of the relationship between neovascularization and adipogenesis in order to design advanced tissue engineering therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica L Moya
- Pritzker Institute of Biomedical Science & Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3255 South Dearborn St, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
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Sawada Y, Hokugo A, Nishiura A, Hokugo R, Matsumoto N, Morita S, Tabata Y. A trial of alveolar cleft bone regeneration by controlled release of bone morphogenetic protein: an experimental study in rabbits. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 108:812-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2009.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2009] [Revised: 05/25/2009] [Accepted: 06/29/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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