1
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Vogelsang L, Eirich J, Finkemeier I, Dietz KJ. Specificity and dynamics of H 2O 2 detoxification by the cytosolic redox regulatory network as revealed by in vitro reconstitution. Redox Biol 2024; 72:103141. [PMID: 38599017 PMCID: PMC11022108 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The thiol redox state is a decisive functional characteristic of proteins in cell biology. Plasmatic cell compartments maintain a thiol-based redox regulatory network linked to the glutathione/glutathione disulfide couple (GSH/GSSG) and the NAD(P)H system. The basic network constituents are known and in vivo cell imaging with gene-encoded probes have revealed insight into the dynamics of the [GSH]2/[GSSG] redox potential, cellular H2O2 and NAD(P)H+H+ amounts in dependence on metabolic and environmental cues. Less understood is the contribution and interaction of the network components, also because of compensatory reactions in genetic approaches. Reconstituting the cytosolic network of Arabidopsis thaliana in vitro from fifteen recombinant proteins at in vivo concentrations, namely glutathione peroxidase-like (GPXL), peroxiredoxins (PRX), glutaredoxins (GRX), thioredoxins, NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase A and glutathione reductase and applying Grx1-roGFP2 or roGFP2-Orp1 as dynamic sensors, allowed for monitoring the response to a single H2O2 pulse. The major change in thiol oxidation as quantified by mass spectrometry-based proteomics occurred in relevant peptides of GPXL, and to a lesser extent of PRX, while other Cys-containing peptides only showed small changes in their redox state and protection. Titration of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) into the system together with dehydroascorbate reductase lowered the oxidation of the fluorescent sensors in the network but was unable to suppress it. The results demonstrate the power of the network to detoxify H2O2, the partially independent branches of electron flow with significance for specific cell signaling and the importance of APX to modulate the signaling without suppressing it and shifting the burden to glutathione oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Vogelsang
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany; CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Eirich
- Plant Physiology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Iris Finkemeier
- Plant Physiology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany; CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany.
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2
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Zhang X, Peng C, Jiang J. pH-Controllable Redox Responsive Amphiphilic Viologens for Switchable Emulsions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401651. [PMID: 38660702 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
A pH and redox dual responsive amphiphilic viologen is synthesized, which can be reversibly transformed among the zwitterionic (SVa), monovalent anionic (SV+), and divalent anionic (SVH2+) forms upon pH variation, exhibiting pH-controllable redox responsive properties. Switchable Pickering emulsions with different droplet size and viscosity are prepared by the mixture of hydrophilic silica nanoparticles and the viologens (SV+ or SVH2+) at acidic conditions, while such combination yielded an oil-in-dispersion emulsion at neutral pH value. Not only can rapid reversible demulsification/stabilization of the Pickering emulsions be achieved by redox reactions, but the rate of redox-demulsification can also be controlled by pH trigger. The dual-responsive amphiphilic viologens have potential applications in developing intelligent colloid materials and molecular logic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical & Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Chifang Peng
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jianzhong Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical & Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China
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3
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Bohle F, Rossi J, Tamanna SS, Jansohn H, Schlosser M, Reinhardt F, Brox A, Bethmann S, Kopriva S, Trentmann O, Jahns P, Deponte M, Schwarzländer M, Trost P, Zaffagnini M, Meyer AJ, Müller-Schüssele SJ. Chloroplasts lacking class I glutaredoxins are functional but show a delayed recovery of protein cysteinyl redox state after oxidative challenge. Redox Biol 2024; 69:103015. [PMID: 38183796 PMCID: PMC10808970 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.103015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Redox status of protein cysteinyl residues is mediated via glutathione (GSH)/glutaredoxin (GRX) and thioredoxin (TRX)-dependent redox cascades. An oxidative challenge can induce post-translational protein modifications on thiols, such as protein S-glutathionylation. Class I GRX are small thiol-disulfide oxidoreductases that reversibly catalyse S-glutathionylation and protein disulfide formation. TRX and GSH/GRX redox systems can provide partial backup for each other in several subcellular compartments, but not in the plastid stroma where TRX/light-dependent redox regulation of primary metabolism takes place. While the stromal TRX system has been studied at detail, the role of class I GRX on plastid redox processes is still unknown. We generate knockout lines of GRXC5 as the only chloroplast class I GRX of the moss Physcomitrium patens. While we find that PpGRXC5 has high activities in GSH-dependent oxidoreductase assays using hydroxyethyl disulfide or redox-sensitive GFP2 as substrates in vitro, Δgrxc5 plants show no detectable growth defect or stress sensitivity, in contrast to mutants with a less negative stromal EGSH (Δgr1). Using stroma-targeted roGFP2, we show increased protein Cys steady state oxidation and decreased reduction rates after oxidative challenge in Δgrxc5 plants in vivo, indicating kinetic uncoupling of the protein Cys redox state from EGSH. Compared to wildtype, protein Cys disulfide formation rates and S-glutathionylation levels after H2O2 treatment remained unchanged. Lack of class I GRX function in the stroma did not result in impaired carbon fixation. Our observations suggest specific roles for GRXC5 in the efficient transfer of electrons from GSH to target protein Cys as well as negligible cross-talk with metabolic regulation via the TRX system. We propose a model for stromal class I GRX function in efficient catalysis of protein dithiol/disulfide equilibria upon redox steady state alterations affecting stromal EGSH and highlight the importance of identifying in vivo target proteins of GRXC5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finja Bohle
- Molecular Botany, Department of Biology, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, D-67633, Kaiserslautern, Germany; Chemical Signalling, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jacopo Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sadia S Tamanna
- Molecular Botany, Department of Biology, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, D-67633, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Hannah Jansohn
- Molecular Botany, Department of Biology, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, D-67633, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Marlene Schlosser
- Molecular Botany, Department of Biology, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, D-67633, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Frank Reinhardt
- Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, D-67633, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Alexa Brox
- Crop Functional Genomics, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stephanie Bethmann
- Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stanislav Kopriva
- Institute for Plant Sciences, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, Cologne, 50674, Germany
| | - Oliver Trentmann
- Molecular Botany, Department of Biology, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, D-67633, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Peter Jahns
- Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marcel Deponte
- Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, D-67633, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, D-48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Paolo Trost
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mirko Zaffagnini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andreas J Meyer
- Chemical Signalling, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
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Ranjbar M, Khakdan F, Ghorbani A, Zargar M, Chen M. The variations in gene expression of GAPDH in Ocimum basilicum cultivars under drought-induced stress conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:119187-119203. [PMID: 37919503 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30549-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) holds a pivotal role within the glycolytic pathway of higher plants. It has garnered attention as a significant target protein in instances of oxidative stress, where it can engage in thiolation reactions within its active site. Numerous genes encoding cytosolic iterations of GAPDH have been identified and analyzed in specific plant species. This investigation was conducted to gain insights into GAPDH's function amidst drought-induced stress. Within this framework, the basil plant (Ocimum basilicum) was chosen for focused exploration, encompassing the cloning of the comprehensive cDNA of basil GAPDH (ObGAPDH) and scrutinizing its patterns of expression. The complete sequence of Ob-GAPDH spanned 1315 base pairs. The resultant protein derived from this sequence comprised 399 amino acids, projecting a molecular weight of approximately 42.54 kDa and an isoelectric point (pI) of 6.01. An examination of the evolutionary connections among various GAPDH proteins unveiled ObGAPDH's shared lineage with GAPDH proteins sourced from other plants, such as Salvia splendens and Sesamum indicum. Furthermore, computational methodologies were harnessed to predict the potential oxidative role of ObGAPDH in response to external signals. Molecular docking simulations illuminated the interaction between ObGAPDH and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a ligand. Scrutinizing the expression patterns of the ObGAPDH gene under conditions of water scarcity stress brought to light diverse levels of transcriptional activity. Collectively, these findings underscore the notion that the regulation of ObGAPDH expression is contingent upon both the specific plant cultivar and the presence of stress stemming from drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Ranjbar
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
| | | | - Abazar Ghorbani
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Meisam Zargar
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, Institute of Agriculture, RUDN University, 117198, Moscow, Russia
| | - Moxian Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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5
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Cassier-Chauvat C, Marceau F, Farci S, Ouchane S, Chauvat F. The Glutathione System: A Journey from Cyanobacteria to Higher Eukaryotes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1199. [PMID: 37371929 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
From bacteria to plants and humans, the glutathione system plays a pleiotropic role in cell defense against metabolic, oxidative and metal stresses. Glutathione (GSH), the γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine nucleophile tri-peptide, is the central player of this system that acts in redox homeostasis, detoxification and iron metabolism in most living organisms. GSH directly scavenges diverse reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as singlet oxygen, superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide and carbon radicals. It also serves as a cofactor for various enzymes, such as glutaredoxins (Grxs), glutathione peroxidases (Gpxs), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs), which play crucial roles in cell detoxication. This review summarizes what is known concerning the GSH-system (GSH, GSH-derived metabolites and GSH-dependent enzymes) in selected model organisms (Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Arabidopsis thaliana and human), emphasizing cyanobacteria for the following reasons. Cyanobacteria are environmentally crucial and biotechnologically important organisms that are regarded as having evolved photosynthesis and the GSH system to protect themselves against the ROS produced by their active photoautotrophic metabolism. Furthermore, cyanobacteria synthesize the GSH-derived metabolites, ergothioneine and phytochelatin, that play crucial roles in cell detoxication in humans and plants, respectively. Cyanobacteria also synthesize the thiol-less GSH homologs ophthalmate and norophthalmate that serve as biomarkers of various diseases in humans. Hence, cyanobacteria are well-suited to thoroughly analyze the role/specificity/redundancy of the players of the GSH-system using a genetic approach (deletion/overproduction) that is hardly feasible with other model organisms (E. coli and S. cerevisiae do not synthesize ergothioneine, while plants and humans acquire it from their soil and their diet, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Cassier-Chauvat
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), F-91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Fanny Marceau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), F-91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sandrine Farci
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), F-91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Soufian Ouchane
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), F-91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Franck Chauvat
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), F-91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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6
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Fine Tuning of ROS, Redox and Energy Regulatory Systems Associated with the Functions of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria in Plants under Heat Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021356. [PMID: 36674866 PMCID: PMC9865929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress severely affects plant growth and crop production. It is therefore urgent to uncover the mechanisms underlying heat stress responses of plants and establish the strategies to enhance heat tolerance of crops. The chloroplasts and mitochondria are known to be highly sensitive to heat stress. Heat stress negatively impacts on the electron transport chains, leading to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can cause damages on the chloroplasts and mitochondria. Disruptions of photosynthetic and respiratory metabolisms under heat stress also trigger increase in ROS and alterations in redox status in the chloroplasts and mitochondria. However, ROS and altered redox status in these organelles also activate important mechanisms that maintain functions of these organelles under heat stress, which include HSP-dependent pathways, ROS scavenging systems and retrograde signaling. To discuss heat responses associated with energy regulating organelles, we should not neglect the energy regulatory hub involving TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN (TOR) and SNF-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE 1 (SnRK1). Although roles of TOR and SnRK1 in the regulation of heat responses are still unknown, contributions of these proteins to the regulation of the functions of energy producing organelles implicate the possible involvement of this energy regulatory hub in heat acclimation of plants.
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7
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Yang Z, Wang X, Feng J, Zhu S. Biological Functions of Hydrogen Sulfide in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315107. [PMID: 36499443 PMCID: PMC9736554 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which is a gasotransmitter, can be biosynthesized and participates in various physiological and biochemical processes in plants. H2S also positively affects plants' adaptation to abiotic stresses. Here, we summarize the specific ways in which H2S is endogenously synthesized and metabolized in plants, along with the agents and methods used for H2S research, and outline the progress of research on the regulation of H2S on plant metabolism and morphogenesis, abiotic stress tolerance, and the series of different post-translational modifications (PTMs) in which H2S is involved, to provide a reference for future research on the mechanism of H2S action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Yang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Jianrong Feng
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Shuhua Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
- Correspondence:
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8
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de Bont L, Donnay N, Couturier J, Rouhier N. Redox regulation of enzymes involved in sulfate assimilation and in the synthesis of sulfur-containing amino acids and glutathione in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:958490. [PMID: 36051294 PMCID: PMC9426629 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.958490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur is essential in plants because of its presence in numerous molecules including the two amino acids, cysteine, and methionine. Cysteine serves also for the synthesis of glutathione and provides sulfur to many other molecules including protein cofactors or vitamins. Plants absorb sulfate from their environment and assimilate it via a reductive pathway which involves, respectively, a series of transporters and enzymes belonging to multigenic families. A tight control is needed to adjust each enzymatic step to the cellular requirements because the whole pathway consumes energy and produces toxic/reactive compounds, notably sulfite and sulfide. Glutathione is known to regulate the activity of some intermediate enzymes. In particular, it provides electrons to adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate reductases but also regulates the activity of glutamate-cysteine ligase by reducing a regulatory disulfide. Recent proteomic data suggest a more extended post-translational redox control of the sulfate assimilation pathway enzymes and of some associated reactions, including the synthesis of both sulfur-containing amino acids, cysteine and methionine, and of glutathione. We have summarized in this review the known oxidative modifications affecting cysteine residues of the enzymes involved. In particular, a prominent regulatory role of protein persulfidation seems apparent, perhaps because sulfide produced by this pathway may react with oxidized thiol groups. However, the effect of persulfidation has almost not yet been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda de Bont
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, IAM, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Natacha Donnay
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, IAM, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Jérémy Couturier
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, IAM, F-54000, Nancy, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, F-75000, Paris, France
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9
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Mattioli EJ, Rossi J, Meloni M, De Mia M, Marchand CH, Tagliani A, Fanti S, Falini G, Trost P, Lemaire SD, Fermani S, Calvaresi M, Zaffagnini M. Structural snapshots of nitrosoglutathione binding and reactivity underlying S-nitrosylation of photosynthetic GAPDH. Redox Biol 2022; 54:102387. [PMID: 35793584 PMCID: PMC9287727 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/30/2022] Open
Abstract
S-nitrosylation is a redox post-translational modification widely recognized to play an important role in cellular signaling as it can modulate protein function and conformation. At the physiological level, nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) is considered the major physiological NO-releasing compound due to its ability to transfer the NO moiety to protein thiols but the structural determinants regulating its redox specificity are not fully elucidated. In this study, we employed photosynthetic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (CrGAPA) to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying GSNO-dependent thiol oxidation. We first observed that GSNO causes reversible enzyme inhibition by inducing S-nitrosylation. While the cofactor NADP+ partially protects the enzyme from GSNO-mediated S-nitrosylation, protein inhibition is not observed in the presence of the substrate 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate, indicating that the S-nitrosylation of the catalytic Cys149 is responsible for CrGAPA inactivation. The crystal structures of CrGAPA in complex with NADP+ and NAD+ reveal a general structural similarity with other photosynthetic GAPDH. Starting from the 3D structure, we carried out molecular dynamics simulations to identify the protein residues involved in GSNO binding. The reaction mechanism of GSNO with CrGAPA Cys149 was investigated by quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical calculations, which permitted to disclose the relative contribution of protein residues in modulating the activation barrier of the trans-nitrosylation reaction. Based on our findings, we provide functional and structural insights into the response of CrGAPA to GSNO-dependent regulation, possibly expanding the mechanistic features to other protein cysteines susceptible to be oxidatively modified by GSNO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Jun Mattioli
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jacopo Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies, University of Bologna, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Meloni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies, University of Bologna, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marcello De Mia
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR8226, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Christophe H Marchand
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR8226, F-75005, Paris, France; CNRS, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Plateforme de Protéomique, FR550, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Andrea Tagliani
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies, University of Bologna, I-40126, Bologna, Italy; CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR8226, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Silvia Fanti
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Falini
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Trost
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies, University of Bologna, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stéphane D Lemaire
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR8226, F-75005, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Laboratory of Computational and Quantitative Biology, UMR7238, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Simona Fermani
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, I-40126, Bologna, Italy; CIRI Health Sciences & Technologies (HST), University of Bologna, I-40064, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Matteo Calvaresi
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, I-40126, Bologna, Italy; CIRI Health Sciences & Technologies (HST), University of Bologna, I-40064, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Mirko Zaffagnini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies, University of Bologna, I-40126, Bologna, Italy.
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10
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Rai R, Singh S, Rai KK, Raj A, Sriwastaw S, Rai LC. Regulation of antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems in cyanobacteria. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 168:353-372. [PMID: 34700048 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is common consequence of abiotic stress in plants as well as cyanobacteria caused by generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), an inevitable product of respiration and photosynthetic electron transport. ROS act as signalling molecule at low concentration however, when its production exceeds the endurance capacity of antioxidative defence system, the organisms suffer oxidative stress. A highly toxic metabolite, methylglyoxal (MG) is also produced in cyanobacteria in response to various abiotic stresses which consequently augment the ensuing oxidative damage. Taking recourse to the common lineage of eukaryotic plants and cyanobacteria, it would be worthwhile to explore the regulatory role of glyoxalase system and antioxidative defense mechanism in combating abiotic stress in cyanobacteria. This review provides comprehensive information on the complete glyoxalase system (GlyI, GlyII and GlyIII) in cyanobacteria. Furthermore, it elucidates the recent understanding regarding the production of ROS and MG, noteworthy link between intracellular MG and ROS and its detoxification via synchronization of antioxidants (enzymatic and non-enzymatic) and glyoxalase systems using glutathione (GSH) as common co-factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Rai
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Shilpi Singh
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Krishna Kumar Rai
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Alka Raj
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Sonam Sriwastaw
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - L C Rai
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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11
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Wang P, Fang H, Gao R, Liao W. Protein Persulfidation in Plants: Function and Mechanism. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1631. [PMID: 34679765 PMCID: PMC8533255 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As an endogenous gaseous transmitter, the function of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been extensively studied in plants. Once synthesized, H2S may be involved in almost all life processes of plants. Among them, a key route for H2S bioactivity occurs via protein persulfidation, in which process oxidizes cysteine thiol (R-SH) groups into persulfide (R-SSH) groups. This process is thought to underpin a myriad of cellular processes in plants linked to growth, development, stress responses, and phytohormone signaling. Multiple lines of emerging evidence suggest that this redox-based reversible post-translational modification can not only serve as a protective mechanism for H2S in oxidative stress, but also control a variety of biochemical processes through the allosteric effect of proteins. Here, we collate emerging evidence showing that H2S-mediated persulfidation modification involves some important biochemical processes such as growth and development, oxidative stress, phytohormone and autophagy. Additionally, the interaction between persulfidation and S-nitrosylation is also discussed. In this work, we provide beneficial clues for further exploration of the molecular mechanism and function of protein persulfidation in plants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Weibiao Liao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yinmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, China; (P.W.); (H.F.); (R.G.)
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Müller-Schüssele SJ, Bohle F, Rossi J, Trost P, Meyer AJ, Zaffagnini M. Plasticity in plastid redox networks: evolution of glutathione-dependent redox cascades and glutathionylation sites. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:322. [PMID: 34225654 PMCID: PMC8256493 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03087-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flexibility of plant metabolism is supported by redox regulation of enzymes via posttranslational modification of cysteine residues, especially in plastids. Here, the redox states of cysteine residues are partly coupled to the thioredoxin system and partly to the glutathione pool for reduction. Moreover, several plastid enzymes involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and damage repair draw electrons from glutathione. In addition, cysteine residues can be post-translationally modified by forming a mixed disulfide with glutathione (S-glutathionylation), which protects thiol groups from further oxidation and can influence protein activity. However, the evolution of the plastid glutathione-dependent redox network in land plants and the conservation of cysteine residues undergoing S-glutathionylation is largely unclear. RESULTS We analysed the genomes of nine representative model species from streptophyte algae to angiosperms and found that the antioxidant enzymes and redox proteins belonging to the plastid glutathione-dependent redox network are largely conserved, except for lambda- and the closely related iota-glutathione S-transferases. Focussing on glutathione-dependent redox modifications, we screened the literature for target thiols of S-glutathionylation, and found that 151 plastid proteins have been identified as glutathionylation targets, while the exact cysteine residue is only known for 17% (26 proteins), with one or multiple sites per protein, resulting in 37 known S-glutathionylation sites for plastids. However, 38% (14) of the known sites were completely conserved in model species from green algae to flowering plants, with 22% (8) on non-catalytic cysteines. Variable conservation of the remaining sites indicates independent gains and losses of cysteines at the same position during land plant evolution. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the glutathione-dependent redox network in plastids is highly conserved in streptophytes with some variability in scavenging and damage repair enzymes. Our analysis of cysteine conservation suggests that S-glutathionylation in plastids plays an important and yet under-investigated role in redox regulation and stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie J Müller-Schüssele
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, 53113, Bonn, Germany.
- Present Address: Department of Biology, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
| | - Finja Bohle
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, 53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jacopo Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Trost
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andreas J Meyer
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, 53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mirko Zaffagnini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
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Roret T, Zhang B, Moseler A, Dhalleine T, Gao XH, Couturier J, Lemaire SD, Didierjean C, Johnson MK, Rouhier N. Atypical Iron-Sulfur Cluster Binding, Redox Activity and Structural Properties of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Glutaredoxin 2. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050803. [PMID: 34069657 PMCID: PMC8161271 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutaredoxins (GRXs) are thioredoxin superfamily members exhibiting thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase activity and/or iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster binding capacities. These properties are determined by specific structural factors. In this study, we examined the capacity of the class I Chlamydomonas reinhardtii GRX2 recombinant protein to catalyze both protein glutathionylation and deglutathionylation reactions using a redox sensitive fluorescent protein as a model protein substrate. We observed that the catalytic cysteine of the CPYC active site motif of GRX2 was sufficient for catalyzing both reactions in the presence of glutathione. Unexpectedly, spectroscopic characterization of the protein purified under anaerobiosis showed the presence of a [2Fe-2S] cluster despite having a presumably inadequate active site signature, based on past mutational analyses. The spectroscopic characterization of cysteine mutated variants together with modeling of the Fe–S cluster-bound GRX homodimer from the structure of an apo-GRX2 indicate the existence of an atypical Fe–S cluster environment and ligation mode. Overall, the results further delineate the biochemical and structural properties of conventional GRXs, pointing to the existence of multiple factors more complex than anticipated, sustaining the capacity of these proteins to bind Fe–S clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Roret
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, IAM, F-54000 Nancy, France; (T.R.); (A.M.); (T.D.); (J.C.)
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Metalloenzyme Studies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (B.Z.); (M.K.J.)
| | - Anna Moseler
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, IAM, F-54000 Nancy, France; (T.R.); (A.M.); (T.D.); (J.C.)
| | - Tiphaine Dhalleine
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, IAM, F-54000 Nancy, France; (T.R.); (A.M.); (T.D.); (J.C.)
| | - Xing-Huang Gao
- Department of Genetics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - Jérémy Couturier
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, IAM, F-54000 Nancy, France; (T.R.); (A.M.); (T.D.); (J.C.)
| | - Stéphane D. Lemaire
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Laboratoire de Biologie Computationnelle et Quantitative, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR7238, 75006 Paris, France;
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR8226, 75006 Paris, France
| | | | - Michael K. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Metalloenzyme Studies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (B.Z.); (M.K.J.)
| | - Nicolas Rouhier
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, IAM, F-54000 Nancy, France; (T.R.); (A.M.); (T.D.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-372-745-157
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Wang X, Miao X, Chen G, Cui Y, Sun F, Fan J, Gao Z, Meng C. Identification of microRNAs involved in astaxanthin accumulation responding to high light and high sodium acetate (NaAC) stresses in Haematococcus pluvialis. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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15
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Genetic, Genomics, and Responses to Stresses in Cyanobacteria: Biotechnological Implications. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12040500. [PMID: 33805386 PMCID: PMC8066212 DOI: 10.3390/genes12040500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are widely-diverse, environmentally crucial photosynthetic prokaryotes of great interests for basic and applied science. Work to date has focused mostly on the three non-nitrogen fixing unicellular species Synechocystis PCC 6803, Synechococcus PCC 7942, and Synechococcus PCC 7002, which have been selected for their genetic and physiological interests summarized in this review. Extensive "omics" data sets have been generated, and genome-scale models (GSM) have been developed for the rational engineering of these cyanobacteria for biotechnological purposes. We presently discuss what should be done to improve our understanding of the genotype-phenotype relationships of these models and generate robust and predictive models of their metabolism. Furthermore, we also emphasize that because Synechocystis PCC 6803, Synechococcus PCC 7942, and Synechococcus PCC 7002 represent only a limited part of the wide biodiversity of cyanobacteria, other species distantly related to these three models, should be studied. Finally, we highlight the need to strengthen the communication between academic researchers, who know well cyanobacteria and can engineer them for biotechnological purposes, but have a limited access to large photobioreactors, and industrial partners who attempt to use natural or engineered cyanobacteria to produce interesting chemicals at reasonable costs, but may lack knowledge on cyanobacterial physiology and metabolism.
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Corpas FJ, González-Gordo S, Palma JM. Nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide modulate the NADPH-generating enzymatic system in higher plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:830-847. [PMID: 32945878 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are two key molecules in plant cells that participate, directly or indirectly, as regulators of protein functions through derived post-translational modifications, mainly tyrosine nitration, S-nitrosation, and persulfidation. These post-translational modifications allow the participation of both NO and H2S signal molecules in a wide range of cellular processes either physiological or under stressful circumstances. NADPH participates in cellular redox status and it is a key cofactor necessary for cell growth and development. It is involved in significant biochemical routes such as fatty acid, carotenoid and proline biosynthesis, and the shikimate pathway, as well as in cellular detoxification processes including the ascorbate-glutathione cycle, the NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase (NTR), or the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase. Plant cells have diverse mechanisms to generate NADPH by a group of NADP-dependent oxidoreductases including ferredoxin-NADP reductase (FNR), NADP-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP-GAPDH), NADP-dependent malic enzyme (NADP-ME), NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP-ICDH), and both enzymes of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway, designated as glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH). These enzymes consist of different isozymes located in diverse subcellular compartments (chloroplasts, cytosol, mitochondria, and peroxisomes) which contribute to the NAPDH cellular pool. We provide a comprehensive overview of how post-translational modifications promoted by NO (tyrosine nitration and S-nitrosation), H2S (persulfidation), and glutathione (glutathionylation), affect the cellular redox status through regulation of the NADP-dependent dehydrogenases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidant, Free Radical and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/ Profesor Albareda, Granada, Spain
| | - Salvador González-Gordo
- Group of Antioxidant, Free Radical and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/ Profesor Albareda, Granada, Spain
| | - José M Palma
- Group of Antioxidant, Free Radical and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/ Profesor Albareda, Granada, Spain
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Dreyer A, Treffon P, Basiry D, Jozefowicz AM, Matros A, Mock HP, Dietz KJ. Function and Regulation of Chloroplast Peroxiredoxin IIE. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020152. [PMID: 33494157 PMCID: PMC7909837 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (PRX) are thiol peroxidases that are highly conserved throughout all biological kingdoms. Increasing evidence suggests that their high reactivity toward peroxides has a function not only in antioxidant defense but in particular in redox regulation of the cell. Peroxiredoxin IIE (PRX-IIE) is one of three PRX types found in plastids and has previously been linked to pathogen defense and protection from protein nitration. However, its posttranslational regulation and its function in the chloroplast protein network remained to be explored. Using recombinant protein, it was shown that the peroxidatic Cys121 is subjected to multiple posttranslational modifications, namely disulfide formation, S-nitrosation, S-glutathionylation, and hyperoxidation. Slightly oxidized glutathione fostered S-glutathionylation and inhibited activity in vitro. Immobilized recombinant PRX-IIE allowed trapping and subsequent identification of interaction partners by mass spectrometry. Interaction with the 14-3-3 υ protein was confirmed in vitro and was shown to be stimulated under oxidizing conditions. Interactions did not depend on phosphorylation as revealed by testing phospho-mimicry variants of PRX-IIE. Based on these data it is proposed that 14-3-3υ guides PRX‑IIE to certain target proteins, possibly for redox regulation. These findings together with the other identified potential interaction partners of type II PRXs localized to plastids, mitochondria, and cytosol provide a new perspective on the redox regulatory network of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dreyer
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (A.D.); (P.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Patrick Treffon
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (A.D.); (P.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Daniel Basiry
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (A.D.); (P.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Anna Maria Jozefowicz
- Applied Biochemistry Group, Leibniz Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Gatersleben, Germany; (A.M.J.); (A.M.); (H.-P.M.)
| | - Andrea Matros
- Applied Biochemistry Group, Leibniz Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Gatersleben, Germany; (A.M.J.); (A.M.); (H.-P.M.)
| | - Hans-Peter Mock
- Applied Biochemistry Group, Leibniz Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Gatersleben, Germany; (A.M.J.); (A.M.); (H.-P.M.)
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (A.D.); (P.T.); (D.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-521-106-5589
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Mukherjee S. Cysteine modifications (oxPTM) and protein sulphenylation-mediated sulfenome expression in plants: evolutionary conserved signaling networks? PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1831792. [PMID: 33300450 PMCID: PMC7781837 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1831792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant resilience to oxidative stress possibly operates through the restoration of intracellular redox milieu and the activity of various posttranslationally modified proteins. Among various modes of redox regulation operative in plants cys oxPTMs are brought about by the activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and hydrogen peroxide. Cysteine oxPTMs are capable of transducing ROS-mediated long-distance hormone signaling (ABA, JA, SA) in plants. S-sulphenylation is an intermediary modification en route to other oxidative states of cysteine. In silico analysis have revealed evolutionary conservation of certain S-sulphenylated proteins across human and plants. Further analysis of protein sulphenylation in plants should be extended to the functional follow-up studies followed by site-specific characterization and case-by-case validation of protein activity. The repertoire of physiological methods (fluorescent conjugates (dimedone) and yeast AP-1 (YAP1)-based genetic probes) in the recent past has been successful in the detection of sulphenylated proteins and other cysteine-based modifications in plants. In view of a better understanding of the sulfur-based redoxome it is necessary to update our timely progress on the methodological advancements for the detection of cysteine-based oxPTM. This substantiative information can extend our investigations on plant-environment interaction thus improving crop manipulation strategies. The simulation-based computational approach has emerged as a new method to determine the directive mechanism of cysteine oxidation in plants. Thus, sulfenome analysis in various plant systems might reflect as a pinnacle of plant redox biology in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Jangipur College, University of Kalyani, West, Bengal, India
- CONTACT Soumya Mukherjee Department of Botany, Jangipur College, University of Kalyani, West, Bengal742213, India
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Musaogullari A, Chai YC. Redox Regulation by Protein S-Glutathionylation: From Molecular Mechanisms to Implications in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218113. [PMID: 33143095 PMCID: PMC7663550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
S-glutathionylation, the post-translational modification forming mixed disulfides between protein reactive thiols and glutathione, regulates redox-based signaling events in the cell and serves as a protective mechanism against oxidative damage. S-glutathionylation alters protein function, interactions, and localization across physiological processes, and its aberrant function is implicated in various human diseases. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of S-glutathionylation and describe the changing levels of expression of S-glutathionylation in the context of aging, cancer, cardiovascular, and liver diseases.
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20
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Zechmann B. Subcellular Roles of Glutathione in Mediating Plant Defense during Biotic Stress. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9091067. [PMID: 32825274 PMCID: PMC7569779 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione and reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles, within different cell compartments, in activating plant defense and the development of resistance. In mitochondria, the accumulation of ROS and the change of glutathione towards its oxidized state leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, activates cell death, and triggers resistance. The accumulation of glutathione in chloroplasts and peroxisomes at the early stages of plant pathogen interactions is related to increased tolerance and resistance. The collapse of the antioxidative system in these two cell compartments at the later stages leads to cell death through retrograde signaling. The cytosol can be considered to be the switchboard during biotic stress where glutathione is synthesized, equally distributed to, and collected from different cell compartments. Changes in the redox state of glutathione and the accumulation of ROS in the cytosol during biotic stress can initiate the activation of defense genes in nuclei through pathways that involve salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, auxins, and abscisic acid. This review dissects the roles of glutathione in individual organelles during compatible and incompatible bacterial, fungal, and viral diseases in plants and explores the subcelluar roles of ROS, glutathione, ascorbate, and related enzymes in the development of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Zechmann
- Center for Microscopy and Imaging, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97046, Waco, TX 76798, USA
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21
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Müller-Schüssele SJ, Wang R, Gütle DD, Romer J, Rodriguez-Franco M, Scholz M, Buchert F, Lüth VM, Kopriva S, Dörmann P, Schwarzländer M, Reski R, Hippler M, Meyer AJ. Chloroplasts require glutathione reductase to balance reactive oxygen species and maintain efficient photosynthesis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 103:1140-1154. [PMID: 32365245 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Thiol-based redox-regulation is vital for coordinating chloroplast functions depending on illumination and has been throroughly investigated for thioredoxin-dependent processes. In parallel, glutathione reductase (GR) maintains a highly reduced glutathione pool, enabling glutathione-mediated redox buffering. Yet, how the redox cascades of the thioredoxin and glutathione redox machineries integrate metabolic regulation and detoxification of reactive oxygen species remains largely unresolved because null mutants of plastid/mitochondrial GR are embryo-lethal in Arabidopsis thaliana. To investigate whether maintaining a highly reducing stromal glutathione redox potential (EGSH ) via GR is necessary for functional photosynthesis and plant growth, we created knockout lines of the homologous enzyme in the model moss Physcomitrella patens. In these viable mutant lines, we found decreasing photosynthetic performance and plant growth with increasing light intensities, whereas ascorbate and zeaxanthin/antheraxanthin levels were elevated. By in vivo monitoring stromal EGSH dynamics, we show that stromal EGSH is highly reducing in wild-type and clearly responsive to light, whereas an absence of GR leads to a partial glutathione oxidation, which is not rescued by light. By metabolic labelling, we reveal changing protein abundances in the GR knockout plants, pinpointing the adjustment of chloroplast proteostasis and the induction of plastid protein repair and degradation machineries. Our results indicate that the plastid thioredoxin system is not a functional backup for the plastid glutathione redox systems, whereas GR plays a critical role in maintaining efficient photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie J Müller-Schüssele
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, Bonn, 53113, Germany
| | - Ren Wang
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, Münster, 48143, Germany
| | - Desirée D Gütle
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse1, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - Jill Romer
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53115, Germany
| | - Marta Rodriguez-Franco
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestr. 1, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - Martin Scholz
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, Münster, 48143, Germany
| | - Felix Buchert
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, Münster, 48143, Germany
| | - Volker M Lüth
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse1, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - Stanislav Kopriva
- Botanical Institute, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, Cologne, 50674, Germany
| | - Peter Dörmann
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53115, Germany
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, Münster, 48143, Germany
| | - Ralf Reski
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse1, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse18, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - Michael Hippler
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, Münster, 48143, Germany
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, 710-0046, Japan
| | - Andreas J Meyer
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, Bonn, 53113, Germany
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Nazir F, Fariduddin Q, Khan TA. Hydrogen peroxide as a signalling molecule in plants and its crosstalk with other plant growth regulators under heavy metal stress. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 252:126486. [PMID: 32234629 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) acts as a significant regulatory component interrelated with signal transduction in plants. The positive role of H2O2 in plants subjected to myriad of abiotic factors has led us to comprehend that it is not only a free radical, generated as a product of oxidative stress, but also helpful in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis in crop plants. Studies over the last two centuries has indicated that H2O2 is a key molecule which regulate photosynthesis, stomatal movement, pollen growth, fruit and flower development and leaf senescence. Exogenously-sourced H2O2 at nanomolar levels functions as a signalling molecule, facilitates seed germination, chlorophyll content, stomatal opening, and delays senescence, while at elevated levels, it triggers oxidative burst to organic molecules, which could lead to cell death. Furthermore, H2O2 is also known to interplay synergistically or antagonistically with other plant growth regulators such as auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene and salicylic acid, nitric oxide and Ca2+ (as signalling molecules), and brassinosteroids (steroidal PGRs) under myriad of environmental stresses and thus, mediate plant growth and development and reactions to abiotic factors. The purpose of this review is to specify accessible knowledge on the role and dynamic mechanisms of H2O2 in mediating growth responses and plant resilience to HM stresses, and its crosstalk with other significant PGRs in controlling various processes. More recently, signal transduction by mitogen activated protein kinases and other transcription factors which attenuate HM stresses in plants have also been dissected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faroza Nazir
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Qazi Fariduddin
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
| | - Tanveer Alam Khan
- Department of Plant Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstraße 3, D-06466, Gatersleben, Germany
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Telman W, Liebthal M, Dietz KJ. Redox regulation by peroxiredoxins is linked to their thioredoxin-dependent oxidase function. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2020; 145:31-41. [PMID: 31768716 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-019-00691-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The chloroplast contains three types of peroxiredoxins (PRXs). Recently, 2-CysPRX was associated with thioredoxin (TRX) oxidation-dependent redox regulation. Here, this analysis was expanded to include PRXQ and PRXIIE. Oxidized PRXQ was able to inactivate NADPH malate dehydrogenase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase most efficiently in the presence of TRX-m1 and TRX-m4. The inactivation ability of TRXs did not entirely match their reductive activation efficiency. PRXIIE was unable to function as TRX oxidase in enzyme regulation. This conclusion was further supported by the observation that PRXQ adopts the oxidized form by about 50% in leaves, supporting a possible function as a TRX oxidase similar to 2-CysPRX. Results on the oxidation state of photosystem I (P700), plastocyanin, and ferredoxin in intact leaves indicate that each type of PRX has distinct regulatory functions, and that both 2-CysPRX and PRXQ conditionally assist in adjusting the redox state of target proteins for proper activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilena Telman
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, University Str. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Michael Liebthal
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, University Str. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, University Str. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany.
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24
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Dourmap C, Roque S, Morin A, Caubrière D, Kerdiles M, Béguin K, Perdoux R, Reynoud N, Bourdet L, Audebert PA, Moullec JL, Couée I. Stress signalling dynamics of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation system in higher plants. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2020; 125:721-736. [PMID: 31711195 PMCID: PMC7182585 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria play a diversity of physiological and metabolic roles under conditions of abiotic or biotic stress. They may be directly subjected to physico-chemical constraints, and they are also involved in integrative responses to environmental stresses through their central position in cell nutrition, respiration, energy balance and biosyntheses. In plant cells, mitochondria present various biochemical peculiarities, such as cyanide-insensitive alternative respiration, and, besides integration with ubiquitous eukaryotic compartments, their functioning must be coupled with plastid functioning. Moreover, given the sessile lifestyle of plants, their relative lack of protective barriers and present threats of climate change, the plant cell is an attractive model to understand the mechanisms of stress/organelle/cell integration in the context of environmental stress responses. SCOPE The involvement of mitochondria in this integration entails a complex network of signalling, which has not been fully elucidated, because of the great diversity of mitochondrial constituents (metabolites, reactive molecular species and structural and regulatory biomolecules) that are linked to stress signalling pathways. The present review analyses the complexity of stress signalling connexions that are related to the mitochondrial electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation system, and how they can be involved in stress perception and transduction, signal amplification or cell stress response modulation. CONCLUSIONS Plant mitochondria are endowed with a diversity of multi-directional hubs of stress signalling that lead to regulatory loops and regulatory rheostats, whose functioning can amplify and diversify some signals or, conversely, dampen and reduce other signals. Involvement in a wide range of abiotic and biotic responses also implies that mitochondrial stress signalling could result in synergistic or conflicting outcomes during acclimation to multiple and complex stresses, such as those arising from climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Dourmap
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Solène Roque
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Amélie Morin
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Damien Caubrière
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Margaux Kerdiles
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, CNRS ECOBIO (Ecosystems-Biodiversity-Evolution) – UMR 6553, Rennes, France
| | - Kyllian Béguin
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, CNRS ECOBIO (Ecosystems-Biodiversity-Evolution) – UMR 6553, Rennes, France
| | - Romain Perdoux
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Nicolas Reynoud
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Lucile Bourdet
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Pierre-Alexandre Audebert
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Julien Le Moullec
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Ivan Couée
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, CNRS ECOBIO (Ecosystems-Biodiversity-Evolution) – UMR 6553, Rennes, France
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25
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H 2S signaling in plants and applications in agriculture. J Adv Res 2020; 24:131-137. [PMID: 32292600 PMCID: PMC7150428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays a signaling role in higher plants. It mediates persulfidation, a post-translational modification. It regulates physiological functions ranging from seed germination to fruit ripening. The beneficial effects of exogenous H2S are mainly caused by the stimulation of antioxidant systems.
The signaling properties of the gasotransmitter molecule hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which is endogenously generated in plant cells, are mainly observed during persulfidation, a protein post-translational modification (PTM) that affects redox-sensitive cysteine residues. There is growing experimental evidence that H2S in higher plants may function as a mechanism of response to environmental stress conditions. In addition, exogenous applications of H2S to plants appear to provide additional protection against stresses, such as salinity, drought, extreme temperatures and heavy metals, mainly through the induction of antioxidant systems, in order to palliate oxidative cellular damage. H2S also appears to be involved in regulating physiological functions, such as seed germination, stomatal movement and fruit ripening, as well as molecules that maintain post-harvest quality and rhizobium–legume symbiosis. These properties of H2S open up new challenges in plant research to better understand its functions as well as new opportunities for biotechnological treatments in agriculture in a changing environment.
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Lindermayr C, Rudolf EE, Durner J, Groth M. Interactions between metabolism and chromatin in plant models. Mol Metab 2020; 38:100951. [PMID: 32199818 PMCID: PMC7300381 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the fascinating aspects of epigenetic regulation is that it provides means to rapidly adapt to environmental change. This is particularly relevant in the plant kingdom, where most species are sessile and exposed to increasing habitat fluctuations due to global warming. Although the inheritance of epigenetically controlled traits acquired through environmental impact is a matter of debate, it is well documented that environmental cues lead to epigenetic changes, including chromatin modifications, that affect cell differentiation or are associated with plant acclimation and defense priming. Still, in most cases, the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. An emerging topic that promises to reveal new insights is the interaction between epigenetics and metabolism. SCOPE OF REVIEW This study reviews the links between metabolism and chromatin modification, in particular histone acetylation, histone methylation, and DNA methylation, in plants and compares them to examples from the mammalian field, where the relationship to human diseases has already generated a larger body of literature. This study particularly focuses on the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in modulating metabolic pathways and gene activities that are involved in these chromatin modifications. As ROS and NO are hallmarks of stress responses, we predict that they are also pivotal in mediating chromatin dynamics during environmental responses. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Due to conservation of chromatin-modifying mechanisms, mammals and plants share a common dependence on metabolic intermediates that serve as cofactors for chromatin modifications. In addition, plant-specific non-CG methylation pathways are particularly sensitive to changes in folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism. Finally, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species may fine-tune epigenetic processes and include similar signaling mechanisms involved in environmental stress responses in plants as well as animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Lindermayr
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 München/Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Eva Esther Rudolf
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 München/Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jörg Durner
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 München/Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Groth
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 München/Neuherberg, Germany.
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Rigui AP, Carvalho V, Wendt Dos Santos AL, Morvan-Bertrand A, Prud'homme MP, Machado de Carvalho MA, Gaspar M. Fructan and antioxidant metabolisms in plants of Lolium perenne under drought are modulated by exogenous nitric oxide. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 145:205-215. [PMID: 31707248 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a major environmental factor that can trigger oxidative stress and affect plant growth and productivity. Previous studies have shown that exogenous nitric oxide (NO) can minimize oxidative stress-related damage through the modulation of antioxidant enzyme activity. Fructan accumulation also has an important role in drought tolerance, since these carbohydrates participate in osmoregulation, membrane protection and oxidant scavenging. Currently, there are few studies investigating NO-regulated fructan metabolism in response to abiotic stresses. In the present study, we sought to determine if treating plants of Lolium perenne with S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), a NO donor, improved drought tolerance. Two-month-old plants received water (control), GSNO and reduced glutathione (GSH) as foliar spray treatments and were then maintained under drought or well-watered conditions for 23 days. At the end of drought period, we evaluated growth, pigment content and antioxidant and fructan metabolisms. None of these conditions influenced dry mass accumulation, but the leaves of plants treated with GSNO exhibited a slight increase in pigment content under drought. GSNO treatment also induced 1-SST activity, which was associated with a 3-fold increase in fructan content. GSNO-treated plants presented higher GR activity and, consequently, increased GSH levels. L. perenne cv. AberAvon was relatively tolerant to the water stress condition employed herein, maintaining ROS homeostasis and mitigating oxidative stress, possibly due to fructan, ascorbate and glutathione pools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athos Poli Rigui
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Vegetal e Meio Ambiente, Instituto de Botânica, São Paulo, Brazil; Núcleo de Pesquisa em Fisiologia e Bioquímica, Instituto de Botânica, CEP, 04301-902, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Victória Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Vegetal e Meio Ambiente, Instituto de Botânica, São Paulo, Brazil; Núcleo de Pesquisa em Plantas Ornamentais, Instituto de Botânica, CEP, 04301-902, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Annette Morvan-Bertrand
- Ecophysiologie Végétale Agronomie et Nutritions N.C.S. Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INRA, EVA, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Marie-Pascale Prud'homme
- Ecophysiologie Végétale Agronomie et Nutritions N.C.S. Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INRA, EVA, 14000, Caen, France
| | | | - Marília Gaspar
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Fisiologia e Bioquímica, Instituto de Botânica, CEP, 04301-902, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Glutathionylation primes soluble glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase for late collapse into insoluble aggregates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:26057-26065. [PMID: 31772010 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1914484116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein aggregation is a complex physiological process, primarily determined by stress-related factors revealing the hidden aggregation propensity of proteins that otherwise are fully soluble. Here we report a mechanism by which glycolytic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase of Arabidopsis thaliana (AtGAPC1) is primed to form insoluble aggregates by the glutathionylation of its catalytic cysteine (Cys149). Following a lag phase, glutathionylated AtGAPC1 initiates a self-aggregation process resulting in the formation of branched chains of globular particles made of partially misfolded and totally inactive proteins. GSH molecules within AtGAPC1 active sites are suggested to provide the initial destabilizing signal. The following removal of glutathione by the formation of an intramolecular disulfide bond between Cys149 and Cys153 reinforces the aggregation process. Physiological reductases, thioredoxins and glutaredoxins, could not dissolve AtGAPC1 aggregates but could efficiently contrast their growth. Besides acting as a protective mechanism against overoxidation, S-glutathionylation of AtGAPC1 triggers an unexpected aggregation pathway with completely different and still unexplored physiological implications.
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29
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Gong B, Yan Y, Zhang L, Cheng F, Liu Z, Shi Q. Unravelling GSNOR-Mediated S-Nitrosylation and Multiple Developmental Programs in Tomato Plants. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 60:2523-2537. [PMID: 31350547 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) impacts multiple developmental events and stress responses in plants. S-nitrosylation, regulated by S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), is considered as an important route for NO bioactivity. However, genetic evidence for GSNOR-mediated plant development and S-nitrosylation remains elusive in crop species. Genetic and site-specific nitrosoproteomic approach was used to obtain GSNOR-mediated phenotype and S-nitrosylated network. Knockdown of GSNOR increased the endogenous NO level and S-nitrosylation, resulting in higher germination rate, inhibition of root and hypocotyl growth, decreased photosynthesis, reduced plant growth, altered plant architecture, dysplastic pollen grains, and low fructification rate and fruit yield. For nitrosoproteomic analysis, 395 endogenously S-nitrosylated proteins with 554 S-nitrosylation sites were identified within a wide range of biological processes, especially for energy metabolism. Physiological and exogenous energy-support testing were consistent with the omic result, suggesting that GSNOR-mediated S-nitrosylation of energy metabolism plays key roles in impacting plant growth and development. Taken together, GSNOR is actively involved in the regulation of multiple developmental processes related to agronomically important traits. In addition, our results provide valuable resources and new clues for the study of S-nitrosylation-regulated metabolism in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R. China
| | - Lili Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R. China
| | - Fei Cheng
- Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Jingjie PTM Biolab Co. Ltd, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qinghua Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China
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30
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Castro-Torres E, Jiménez-Sandoval P, Romero-Romero S, Fuentes-Pascacio A, López-Castillo LM, Díaz-Quezada C, Fernández-Velasco DA, Torres-Larios A, Brieba LG. Structural basis for the modulation of plant cytosolic triosephosphate isomerase activity by mimicry of redox-based modifications. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 99:950-964. [PMID: 31034710 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxidative species (ROS) and S-glutathionylation modulate the activity of plant cytosolic triosephosphate isomerases (cTPI). Arabidopsis thaliana cTPI (AtcTPI) is subject of redox regulation at two reactive cysteines that function as thiol switches. Here we investigate the role of these residues, AtcTPI-Cys13 and At-Cys218, by substituting them with aspartic acid that mimics the irreversible oxidation of cysteine to sulfinic acid and with amino acids that mimic thiol conjugation. Crystallographic studies show that mimicking AtcTPI-Cys13 oxidation promotes the formation of inactive monomers by reposition residue Phe75 of the neighboring subunit, into a conformation that destabilizes the dimer interface. Mutations in residue AtcTPI-Cys218 to Asp, Lys, or Tyr generate TPI variants with a decreased enzymatic activity by creating structural modifications in two loops (loop 7 and loop 6) whose integrity is necessary to assemble the active site. In contrast with mutations in residue AtcTPI-Cys13, mutations in AtcTPI-Cys218 do not alter the dimeric nature of AtcTPI. Therefore, modifications of residues AtcTPI-Cys13 and AtcTPI-Cys218 modulate AtcTPI activity by inducing the formation of inactive monomers and by altering the active site of the dimeric enzyme, respectively. The identity of residue AtcTPI-Cys218 is conserved in the majority of plant cytosolic TPIs, this conservation and its solvent-exposed localization make it the most probable target for TPI regulation upon oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species. Our data reveal the structural mechanisms by which S-glutathionylation protects AtcTPI from irreversible chemical modifications and re-routes carbon metabolism to the pentose phosphate pathway to decrease oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Castro-Torres
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apartado Postal 629, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México, CP 36821, México
| | - Pedro Jiménez-Sandoval
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apartado Postal 629, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México, CP 36821, México
| | - Sergio Romero-Romero
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Apartado Postal 70-243, Mexico City, 04510, México
| | - Alma Fuentes-Pascacio
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apartado Postal 629, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México, CP 36821, México
| | - Laura M López-Castillo
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apartado Postal 629, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México, CP 36821, México
| | - Corina Díaz-Quezada
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apartado Postal 629, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México, CP 36821, México
| | - D Alejandro Fernández-Velasco
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Apartado Postal 70-243, Mexico City, 04510, México
| | - Alfredo Torres-Larios
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Estructural, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Apartado Postal 70-243, México City, 04510, México
| | - Luis G Brieba
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apartado Postal 629, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México, CP 36821, México
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31
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Gong B, Shi Q. Identifying S-nitrosylated proteins and unraveling S-nitrosoglutathione reductase-modulated sodic alkaline stress tolerance in Solanum lycopersicum L. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 142:84-93. [PMID: 31277045 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
S-nitrosylation, regulated by S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), is considered as an important route for nitric oxide (NO)-modulated stress tolerance in plants. However, genetic evidence for the GSNOR-mediated integrated regulation of S-nitrosylation and plant stress response remains elusive until now. In the present study, we used a site-specific nitrosoproteomic approach to identify 334 endogenously S-nitrosylated proteins with 425 S-nitrosylated sites from the wild type (WT) and GSNOR-knockdown (G) tomato plants under both control (C) and sodic alkaline stress (S) conditions. In detail, the results revealed 68, 92, 54 and 56 up-regulated, as well as 10, 36, 14 and 10 down-regulated S-nitrosylated proteins in G-C/WT-C, G-S/WT-S, WT-S/WT-C, and G-S/G-C, which is the first dataset for S-nitrosylated proteins in Solanaceae. These S-nitrosylated proteins are involved in a wide range of various metabolic, cellular and catalytic processes. Based on this data, proteins involving in NO homeostasis control, signaling of Ca2+, ethylene and MAPK, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, osmotic regulation, as well as energy support pathway have been identified and selected as the key and sensitive targets that were regulated by GSNOR-modulated S-nitrosylation in response to sodic alkaline stress. Taken together, GSNOR is actively involved in the regulation of sodic alkaline stress tolerance by S-nitrosylation. And the present study provided valuable resources and new clues for the study of S-nitrosylation-regulated metabolism in tomato plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China
| | - Qinghua Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China.
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32
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Corpas FJ, González-Gordo S, Cañas A, Palma JM. Nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide in plants: which comes first? JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:4391-4404. [PMID: 30715479 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a signal molecule regarded as being involved in myriad functions in plants under physiological, pathogenic, and adverse environmental conditions. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has also recently been recognized as a new gasotransmitter with a diverse range of functions similar to those of NO. Depending on their respective concentrations, both these molecules act synergistically or antagonistically as signals or damage promoters in plants. Nevertheless, available evidence shows that the complex biological connections between NO and H2S involve multiple pathways and depend on the plant organ and species, as well as on experimental conditions. Cysteine-based redox switches are prone to reversible modification; proteomic and biochemical analyses have demonstrated that certain target proteins undergo post-translational modifications such as S-nitrosation, caused by NO, and persulfidation, caused by H2S, both of which affect functionality. This review provides a comprehensive update on NO and H2S in physiological processes (seed germination, root development, stomatal movement, leaf senescence, and fruit ripening) and under adverse environmental conditions. Existing data suggest that H2S acts upstream or downstream of the NO signaling cascade, depending on processes such as stomatal closure or in response to abiotic stress, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/ Profesor Albareda, Granada, Spain
| | - Salvador González-Gordo
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/ Profesor Albareda, Granada, Spain
| | - Amanda Cañas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/ Profesor Albareda, Granada, Spain
| | - José M Palma
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/ Profesor Albareda, Granada, Spain
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Zaffagnini M, Fermani S, Marchand CH, Costa A, Sparla F, Rouhier N, Geigenberger P, Lemaire SD, Trost P. Redox Homeostasis in Photosynthetic Organisms: Novel and Established Thiol-Based Molecular Mechanisms. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:155-210. [PMID: 30499304 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Redox homeostasis consists of an intricate network of reactions in which reactive molecular species, redox modifications, and redox proteins act in concert to allow both physiological responses and adaptation to stress conditions. Recent Advances: This review highlights established and novel thiol-based regulatory pathways underlying the functional facets and significance of redox biology in photosynthetic organisms. In the last decades, the field of redox regulation has largely expanded and this work is aimed at giving the right credit to the importance of thiol-based regulatory and signaling mechanisms in plants. Critical Issues: This cannot be all-encompassing, but is intended to provide a comprehensive overview on the structural/molecular mechanisms governing the most relevant thiol switching modifications with emphasis on the large genetic and functional diversity of redox controllers (i.e., redoxins). We also summarize the different proteomic-based approaches aimed at investigating the dynamics of redox modifications and the recent evidence that extends the possibility to monitor the cellular redox state in vivo. The physiological relevance of redox transitions is discussed based on reverse genetic studies confirming the importance of redox homeostasis in plant growth, development, and stress responses. Future Directions: In conclusion, we can firmly assume that redox biology has acquired an established significance that virtually infiltrates all aspects of plant physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Zaffagnini
- 1 Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Fermani
- 2 Department of Chemistry Giacomo Ciamician, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Christophe H Marchand
- 3 Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, UMR8226, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Alex Costa
- 4 Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Sparla
- 1 Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Peter Geigenberger
- 6 Department Biologie I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, LMU Biozentrum, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Stéphane D Lemaire
- 3 Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, UMR8226, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Paolo Trost
- 1 Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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The Bidirectional Interactions between Resveratrol and Gut Microbiota: An Insight into Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:5403761. [PMID: 31179328 PMCID: PMC6507241 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5403761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dysbiosis and oxidative stress in the gut have contributed to the progression of intestinal inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The current study has reported that enteric bacteria mediate redox homeostasis through the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Resveratrol, one of the most abundant polyphenols, with poor oral bioavailability, is considered as a scavenger of ROS and other free radicals. Recent studies have shown that resveratrol effectively enhances the growth of Lactococcus lactis and inhibits the growth of Enterococcus faecalis. (1) In terms of the two-way relationship between gut microbiota and resveratrol, resveratrol modulates gut microbiota; (2) in terms of resveratrol biotransformation by gut microbiota, we speculate that gut microbiota could be a target of resveratrol to maintain gut homeostasis. Here, we reviewed the current researches about the cellular signaling pathways in intestinal epithelial cells triggered by gut microbiota in response to oxidative stress. These results suggest that the modulation of the gut microbiota through resveratrol supplementation appears as a promising potential approach for the therapy of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Welkie DG, Rubin BE, Diamond S, Hood RD, Savage DF, Golden SS. A Hard Day's Night: Cyanobacteria in Diel Cycles. Trends Microbiol 2019; 27:231-242. [PMID: 30527541 PMCID: PMC6377297 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic prokaryotes that are influential in global geochemistry and are promising candidates for industrial applications. Because the livelihood of cyanobacteria is directly dependent upon light, a comprehensive understanding of metabolism in these organisms requires taking into account the effects of day-night transitions and circadian regulation. These events synchronize intracellular processes with the solar day. Accordingly, metabolism is controlled and structured differently in cyanobacteria than in heterotrophic bacteria. Thus, the approaches applied to engineering heterotrophic bacteria will need to be revised for the cyanobacterial chassis. Here, we summarize important findings related to diurnal metabolism in cyanobacteria and present open questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Welkie
- Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Benjamin E Rubin
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Spencer Diamond
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Rachel D Hood
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - David F Savage
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Susan S Golden
- Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Dumont S, Rivoal J. Consequences of Oxidative Stress on Plant Glycolytic and Respiratory Metabolism. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:166. [PMID: 30833954 PMCID: PMC6387960 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are present at low and controlled levels under normal conditions. These reactive molecules can increase to high levels under various biotic and abiotic conditions, resulting in perturbation of the cellular redox state that can ultimately lead to oxidative or nitrosative stress. In this review, we analyze the various effects that result from alterations of redox homeostasis on plant glycolytic pathway and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Most documented modifications caused by ROS or RNS are due to the presence of redox-sensitive cysteine thiol groups in proteins. Redox modifications include Cys oxidation, disulfide bond formation, S-glutathionylation, S-nitrosylation, and S-sulfhydration. A growing number of proteomic surveys and biochemical studies document the occurrence of ROS- or RNS-mediated modification in enzymes of glycolysis and the TCA cycle. In a few cases, these modifications have been shown to affect enzyme activity, suggesting an operational regulatory mechanism in vivo. Further changes induced by oxidative stress conditions include the proposed redox-dependent modifications in the subcellular distribution of a putative redox sensor, NAD-glyceraldehyde-3P dehydrogenase and the micro-compartmentation of cytosolic glycolytic enzymes. Data from the literature indicate that oxidative stress may induce complex changes in metabolite pools in central carbon metabolism. This information is discussed in the context of our understanding of plant metabolic response to oxidative stress.
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Castro-Torres E, Jimenez-Sandoval P, Fernández-de Gortari E, López-Castillo M, Baruch-Torres N, López-Hidalgo M, Peralta-Castro A, Díaz-Quezada C, Sotelo-Mundo RR, Benitez-Cardoza CG, Espinoza-Fonseca LM, Ochoa-Leyva A, Brieba LG. Structural Basis for the Limited Response to Oxidative and Thiol-Conjugating Agents by Triosephosphate Isomerase From the Photosynthetic Bacteria Synechocystis. Front Mol Biosci 2018; 5:103. [PMID: 30538993 PMCID: PMC6277545 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2018.00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, the ancestral cyanobacterial triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) was replaced by a duplicated version of the cytosolic TPI. This isoform acquired a transit peptide for chloroplast localization and functions in the Calvin-Benson cycle. To gain insight into the reasons for this gene replacement in plants, we characterized the TPI from the photosynthetic bacteria Synechocystis (SyTPI). SyTPI presents typical TPI enzyme kinetics profiles and assembles as a homodimer composed of two subunits that arrange in a (β-α)8 fold. We found that oxidizing agents diamide (DA) and H2O2, as well as thiol-conjugating agents such as oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and methyl methanethiosulfonate (MMTS), do not inhibit the catalytic activity of SyTPI at concentrations required to inactivate plastidic and cytosolic TPIs from the plant model Arabidopsis thaliana (AtpdTPI and AtcTPI, respectively). The crystal structure of SyTPI revealed that each monomer contains three cysteines, C47, C127, and C176; however only the thiol group of C176 is solvent exposed. While AtcTPI and AtpdTPI are redox-regulated by chemical modifications of their accessible and reactive cysteines, we found that C176 of SyTPI is not sensitive to redox modification in vitro. Our data let us postulate that SyTPI was replaced by a eukaryotic TPI, because the latter contains redox-sensitive cysteines that may be subject to post-translational modifications required for modulating TPI's enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Castro-Torres
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Pedro Jimenez-Sandoval
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Eli Fernández-de Gortari
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Arrhythmia Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Margarita López-Castillo
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Noe Baruch-Torres
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Marisol López-Hidalgo
- Laboratorio de Investigación Bioquímica, Programa Institucional en Biomedicina Molecular ENMyH-IPN, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Antolín Peralta-Castro
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Corina Díaz-Quezada
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Rogerio R Sotelo-Mundo
- Laboratorio de Estructura Biomolecular, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - Claudia G Benitez-Cardoza
- Laboratorio de Investigación Bioquímica, Programa Institucional en Biomedicina Molecular ENMyH-IPN, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - L Michel Espinoza-Fonseca
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Arrhythmia Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Adrian Ochoa-Leyva
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Luis G Brieba
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Guanajuato, Mexico
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The thioredoxin-mediated recycling of Arabidopsis thaliana GRXS16 relies on a conserved C-terminal cysteine. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1863:426-436. [PMID: 30502392 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutaredoxins (GRXs) are oxidoreductases involved in diverse cellular processes through their capacity to reduce glutathionylated proteins and/or to coordinate iron‑sulfur (Fe-S) clusters. Among class II GRXs, the plant-specific GRXS16 is a bimodular protein formed by an N-terminal endonuclease domain fused to a GRX domain containing a 158CGFS signature. METHODS The biochemical properties (redox activity, sensitivity to oxidation, pKa of cysteine residues, midpoint redox potential) of Arabidopsis thaliana GRXS16 were investigated by coupling oxidative treatments to alkylation shift assays, activity measurements and mass spectrometry analyses. RESULTS Activity measurements using redox-sensitive GFP2 (roGFP2) as target protein did not reveal any significant glutathione-dependent reductase activity of A. thaliana GRXS16 whereas it was able to catalyze the oxidation of roGFP2 in the presence of glutathione disulfide. Accordingly, Arabidopsis GRXS16 reacted efficiently with oxidized forms of glutathione, leading to the formation of an intramolecular disulfide between Cys158 and the semi-conserved Cys215, which has a midpoint redox potential of - 298 mV at pH 7.0 and is reduced by plastidial thioredoxins (TRXs) but not GSH. By promoting the formation of this disulfide, Cys215 modulates GRXS16 oxidoreductase activity. CONCLUSION The reduction of AtGRXS16, which is mandatory for its oxidoreductase activity and the binding of Fe-S clusters, depends on light through the plastidial FTR/TRX system. Hence, disulfide formation may constitute a redox switch mechanism controlling GRXS16 function in response to day/night transition or oxidizing conditions. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE From the in vitro data obtained with roGFP2, one can postulate that GRXS16 would mediate protein glutathionylation/oxidation in plastids but not their deglutathionylation.
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Dumont S, Bykova NV, Khaou A, Besserour Y, Dorval M, Rivoal J. Arabidopsis thaliana alcohol dehydrogenase is differently affected by several redox modifications. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204530. [PMID: 30252897 PMCID: PMC6155552 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In plant cells, many stresses, including low oxygen availability, result in a higher production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). These molecules can lead to redox-dependent post-translational modification of proteins Cys residues. Here, we studied the effect of different redox modifications on alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) from Arabidopsis thaliana. ADH catalyzes the last step of the ethanol fermentation pathway used by plants to cope with energy deficiency during hypoxic stress. Arabidopsis suspension cell cultures showed decreased ADH activity upon exposure to H2O2, but not to the thiol oxidizing agent diamide. We purified recombinant ADH and observed a significant decrease in the enzyme activity by treatments with H2O2 and diethylamine NONOate (DEA/NO). Treatments leading to the formation of a disulfide bond between ADH and glutathione (protein S-glutathionylation) had no negative effect on the enzyme activity. LC-MS/MS analysis showed that Cys47 and Cys243 could make a stable disulfide bond with glutathione, suggesting redox sensitivity of these residues. Mutation of ADH Cys47 to Ser caused an almost complete loss of the enzyme activity while the Cys243 to Ser mutant had increased specific activity. Incubation of ADH with NAD+ or NADH prevented inhibition of the enzyme by H2O2 or DEA/NO. These results suggest that binding of ADH with its cofactors may limit availability of Cys residues to redox modifications. Our study demonstrates that ADH from A. thaliana is subject to different redox modifications. Implications of ADH sensitivity to ROS and RNS during hypoxic stress conditions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Dumont
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Natalia V. Bykova
- Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Alexia Khaou
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Yasmine Besserour
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Maude Dorval
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean Rivoal
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Ruiz‐May E, Segura‐Cabrera A, Elizalde‐Contreras JM, Shannon LM, Loyola‐Vargas VM. A recent advance in the intracellular and extracellular redox post‐translational modification of proteins in plants. J Mol Recognit 2018; 32:e2754. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eliel Ruiz‐May
- Red de Estudios Moleculares AvanzadosInstituto de Ecología A. C., Cluster BioMimic® Xalapa Veracruz Mexico
| | - Aldo Segura‐Cabrera
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryEuropean Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus Hinxton Cambridgeshire UK
| | - Jose M. Elizalde‐Contreras
- Red de Estudios Moleculares AvanzadosInstituto de Ecología A. C., Cluster BioMimic® Xalapa Veracruz Mexico
| | - Laura M. Shannon
- Department of Horticultural ScienceUniversity of Minnesota Saint Paul MN USA
| | - Víctor M. Loyola‐Vargas
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de PlantasCentro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán Mérida Yucatán Mexico
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Wang Y, Berkowitz O, Selinski J, Xu Y, Hartmann A, Whelan J. Stress responsive mitochondrial proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 122:28-39. [PMID: 29555593 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade plant mitochondria have emerged as a target, sensor and initiator of signalling cascades to a variety of stress and adverse growth conditions. A combination of various 'omic profiling approaches combined with forward and reverse genetic studies have defined how mitochondria respond to stress and the signalling pathways and regulators of these responses. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent and -independent pathways, specific metabolites, complex I dysfunction, and the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway have been proposed to date. These pathways are regulated by kinases (sucrose non-fermenting response like kinase; cyclin dependent protein kinase E 1) and transcription factors from the abscisic acid-related, WRKY and NAC families. A number of independent studies have revealed that these mitochondrial signalling pathways interact with a variety of phytohormone signalling pathways. While this represents significant progress in the last decade there are more pathways to be uncovered. Post-transcriptional/translational regulation is also a likely determinant of the mitochondrial stress response. Unbiased analyses of the expression of genes encoding mitochondrial proteins in a variety of stress conditions reveal a modular network exerting a high degree of anterograde control. As abiotic and biotic stresses have significant impact on the yield of important crops such as rice, wheat and barley we will give an outlook of how knowledge gained in Arabidopsis may help to increase crop production and how emerging technologies may contribute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Oliver Berkowitz
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Jennifer Selinski
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yue Xu
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andreas Hartmann
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - James Whelan
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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McConnell EW, Werth EG, Hicks LM. The phosphorylated redox proteome of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: Revealing novel means for regulation of protein structure and function. Redox Biol 2018; 17:35-46. [PMID: 29673699 PMCID: PMC6006682 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are covalent modifications to protein residues which may alter both conformation and activity, thereby modulating signaling and metabolic processes. While PTMs have been largely investigated independently, examination into how different modification interact, or crosstalk, will reveal a more complete understanding of the reciprocity of signaling cascades across numerous pathways. Combinatorial reversible thiol oxidation and phosphorylation in eukaryotes is largely recognized, but rigorous approaches for experimental discovery are underdeveloped. To begin meaningful interrogation of PTM crosstalk in systems biology research, knowledge of targeted proteins must be advanced. Herein, we demonstrate protein-level enrichment of reversibly oxidized proteoforms in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with subsequent phosphopeptide analysis to determine the extent of phosphorylation in the redox thiol proteome. Label-free quantification was used to quantify 3353 oxidized Cys-sites on 1457 enriched proteins, where sequential phosphopeptide enrichment measured 1094 sites of phosphorylation on 720 proteins with 23% (172 proteins) also identified as reversibly oxidized. Proteins identified with both reversible oxidation and phosphorylation were involved in signaling transduction, ribosome and translation-related machinery, and metabolic pathways. Several redox-modified Calvin-Benson cycle proteins were found phosphorylated and many kinases/phosphatases involved in phosphorylation-dependent photosynthetic state transition and stress-response pathways had sites of reversible oxidation. Identification of redox proteins serves as a crucial element in understanding stress response in photosynthetic organisms and beyond, whereby knowing the ensemble of modifications co-occurring with oxidation highlights novel mechanisms for cellular control. Quantified reversible oxidation on protein cysteine residues. Sequential phosphopeptide enrichment to define the phosphorylated redox proteome. Found >3000 oxidized cysteines and >1000 phosphosites in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Co-modified proteins discovered across diverse metabolic and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan W McConnell
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Emily G Werth
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Leslie M Hicks
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
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Chibani K, Saul F, Didierjean C, Rouhier N, Haouz A. Structural snapshots along the reaction mechanism of the atypical poplar thioredoxin-like2.1. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:1030-1041. [PMID: 29453875 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Plastidial thioredoxin (TRX)-like2.1 proteins are atypical thioredoxins possessing a WCRKC active site signature and using glutathione for recycling. To obtain structural information supporting the peculiar catalytic mechanisms and target proteins of these TRXs, we solved the crystal structures of poplar TRX-like2.1 in oxidized and reduced states and of mutated variants. These structures share similar folding with TRXs exhibiting the canonical WCGPC signature. Moreover, the overall conformation is not altered by reduction of the catalytic disulfide bond or in a C45S/C67S variant that formed a disulfide-bridged dimer possibly mimicking reaction intermediates with target proteins. Modeling of the interaction of TRX-like2.1 with both NADPH- and ferredoxin-thioredoxin reductases (FTR) indicates that the presence of Arg43 and Lys44 residues likely precludes reduction by the plastidial FTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamel Chibani
- UMR 1136, Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de Lorraine/INRA, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Frederick Saul
- Institut Pasteur, Plateforme de Cristallographie, CNRS-UMR 3528, Paris, France
| | | | - Nicolas Rouhier
- UMR 1136, Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de Lorraine/INRA, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Ahmed Haouz
- Institut Pasteur, Plateforme de Cristallographie, CNRS-UMR 3528, Paris, France
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Martins L, Trujillo-Hernandez JA, Reichheld JP. Thiol Based Redox Signaling in Plant Nucleus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:705. [PMID: 29892308 PMCID: PMC5985474 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are well-described by-products of cellular metabolic activities, acting as signaling molecules and regulating the redox state of proteins. Solvent exposed thiol residues like cysteines are particularly sensitive to oxidation and their redox state affects structural and biochemical capacities of many proteins. While thiol redox regulation has been largely studied in several cell compartments like in the plant chloroplast, little is known about redox sensitive proteins in the nucleus. Recent works have revealed that proteins with oxidizable thiols are important for the regulation of many nuclear functions, including gene expression, transcription, epigenetics, and chromatin remodeling. Moreover, thiol reducing molecules like glutathione and specific isoforms of thiols reductases, thioredoxins and glutaredoxins were found in different nuclear subcompartments, further supporting that thiol-dependent systems are active in the nucleus. This mini-review aims to discuss recent progress in plant thiol redox field, taking examples of redox regulated nuclear proteins and focusing on major thiol redox systems acting in the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Martins
- Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France
- Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Perpignan, France
| | - José Abraham Trujillo-Hernandez
- Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France
- Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Perpignan, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Reichheld
- Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France
- Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Perpignan, France
- *Correspondence: Jean-Philippe Reichheld,
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Charbonnel C, Niazi AK, Elvira-Matelot E, Nowak E, Zytnicki M, de Bures A, Jobet E, Opsomer A, Shamandi N, Nowotny M, Carapito C, Reichheld JP, Vaucheret H, Sáez-Vásquez J. The siRNA suppressor RTL1 is redox-regulated through glutathionylation of a conserved cysteine in the double-stranded-RNA-binding domain. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:11891-11907. [PMID: 28981840 PMCID: PMC5714217 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
RNase III enzymes cleave double stranded (ds)RNA. This is an essential step for regulating the processing of mRNA, rRNA, snoRNA and other small RNAs, including siRNA and miRNA. Arabidopsis thaliana encodes nine RNase III: four DICER-LIKE (DCL) and five RNASE THREE LIKE (RTL). To better understand the molecular functions of RNase III in plants we developed a biochemical assay using RTL1 as a model. We show that RTL1 does not degrade dsRNA randomly, but recognizes specific duplex sequences to direct accurate cleavage. Furthermore, we demonstrate that RNase III and dsRNA binding domains (dsRBD) are both required for dsRNA cleavage. Interestingly, the four DCL and the three RTL that carry dsRBD share a conserved cysteine (C230 in Arabidopsis RTL1) in their dsRBD. C230 is essential for RTL1 and DCL1 activities and is subjected to post-transcriptional modification. Indeed, under oxidizing conditions, glutathionylation of C230 inhibits RTL1 cleavage activity in a reversible manner involving glutaredoxins. We conclude that the redox state of the dsRBD ensures a fine-tune regulation of dsRNA processing by plant RNase III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Charbonnel
- CNRS, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR 5096, 66860 Perpignan, France.,University of Perpignan Via Domitia, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR 5096, F-66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Adnan K Niazi
- CNRS, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR 5096, 66860 Perpignan, France.,University of Perpignan Via Domitia, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR 5096, F-66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Emilie Elvira-Matelot
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318 INRA AgroParisTech CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Elzbieta Nowak
- Laboratory of Protein Structure, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Anne de Bures
- CNRS, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR 5096, 66860 Perpignan, France.,University of Perpignan Via Domitia, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR 5096, F-66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Edouard Jobet
- CNRS, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR 5096, 66860 Perpignan, France.,University of Perpignan Via Domitia, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR 5096, F-66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Alisson Opsomer
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique,Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67037 Strasbourg, France
| | - Nahid Shamandi
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318 INRA AgroParisTech CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Marcin Nowotny
- Laboratory of Protein Structure, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Christine Carapito
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique,Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67037 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Reichheld
- CNRS, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR 5096, 66860 Perpignan, France.,University of Perpignan Via Domitia, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR 5096, F-66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Hervé Vaucheret
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318 INRA AgroParisTech CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Julio Sáez-Vásquez
- CNRS, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR 5096, 66860 Perpignan, France.,University of Perpignan Via Domitia, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR 5096, F-66860 Perpignan, France
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46
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Pérez-Pérez ME, Mauriès A, Maes A, Tourasse NJ, Hamon M, Lemaire SD, Marchand CH. The Deep Thioredoxome in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: New Insights into Redox Regulation. MOLECULAR PLANT 2017; 10:1107-1125. [PMID: 28739495 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Thiol-based redox post-translational modifications have emerged as important mechanisms of signaling and regulation in all organisms, and thioredoxin plays a key role by controlling the thiol-disulfide status of target proteins. Recent redox proteomic studies revealed hundreds of proteins regulated by glutathionylation and nitrosylation in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, while much less is known about the thioredoxin interactome in this organism. By combining qualitative and quantitative proteomic analyses, we have comprehensively investigated the Chlamydomonas thioredoxome and 1188 targets have been identified. They participate in a wide range of metabolic pathways and cellular processes. This study broadens not only the redox regulation to new enzymes involved in well-known thioredoxin-regulated metabolic pathways but also sheds light on cellular processes for which data supporting redox regulation are scarce (aromatic amino acid biosynthesis, nuclear transport, etc). Moreover, we characterized 1052 thioredoxin-dependent regulatory sites and showed that these data constitute a valuable resource for future functional studies in Chlamydomonas. By comparing this thioredoxome with proteomic data for glutathionylation and nitrosylation at the protein and cysteine levels, this work confirms the existence of a complex redox regulation network in Chlamydomonas and provides evidence of a tremendous selectivity of redox post-translational modifications for specific cysteine residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Esther Pérez-Pérez
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR8226, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Adeline Mauriès
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR8226, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Maes
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR8226, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas J Tourasse
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Plateforme de Protéomique, FRC550, CNRS, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Marion Hamon
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR8226, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France; Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Plateforme de Protéomique, FRC550, CNRS, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane D Lemaire
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR8226, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Christophe H Marchand
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR8226, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France; Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Plateforme de Protéomique, FRC550, CNRS, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France.
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47
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Trost P, Fermani S, Calvaresi M, Zaffagnini M. Biochemical basis of sulphenomics: how protein sulphenic acids may be stabilized by the protein microenvironment. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:483-490. [PMID: 27390911 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Among protein residues, cysteines are one of the prominent candidates to ROS-mediated and RNS-mediated post-translational modifications, and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) is the main ROS candidate for inducing cysteine oxidation. The reaction with H2 O2 is not common to all cysteine residues, being their reactivity an utmost prerequisite for the sensitivity towards H2 O2 . Indeed, only deprotonated Cys (i.e. thiolate form, S- ) can react with H2 O2 leading to sulphenic acid formation (SOH), which is considered as a major/central player of ROS sensing pathways. However, cysteine sulphenic acids are generally unstable because they can be further oxidized to irreversible forms (sulphinic and sulphonic acids, SO2 H and SO3 H, respectively), or alternatively, they can proceed towards further modifications including disulphide bond formation (SS), S-glutathionylation (SSG) and sulphenamide formation (SN). To understand why and how cysteine residues undergo primary oxidation to sulphenic acid, and to explore the stability of cysteine sulphenic acids, a combination of biochemical, structural and computational studies are required. Here, we will discuss the current knowledge of the structural determinants for cysteine reactivity and sulphenic acid stability within protein microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Trost
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Fermani
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Calvaresi
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Zaffagnini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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48
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Modulation of the specific glutathionylation of mitochondrial proteins in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae under basal and stress conditions. Biochem J 2017; 474:1175-1193. [PMID: 28167699 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The potential biological consequences of oxidative stress and changes in glutathione levels include the oxidation of susceptible protein thiols and reversible covalent binding of glutathione to the -SH groups of proteins by S-glutathionylation. Mitochondria are central to the response to oxidative stress and redox signaling. It is therefore crucial to explore the adaptive response to changes in thiol-dependent redox status in these organelles. We optimized the purification protocol of glutathionylated proteins in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and present a detailed proteomic analysis of the targets of protein glutathionylation in cells undergoing constitutive metabolism and after exposure to various stress conditions. This work establishes the physiological importance of the glutathionylation process in S. cerevisiae under basal conditions and provides evidence for an atypical and unexpected cellular distribution of the process between the cytosol and mitochondria. In addition, our data indicate that each oxidative condition (diamide, GSSG, H2O2, or the presence of iron) elicits an adaptive metabolic response affecting specific mitochondrial metabolic pathways, mainly involved in the energetic maintenance of the cells. The correlation of protein modifications with intracellular glutathione levels suggests that protein deglutathionylation may play a role in protecting mitochondria from oxidative stress. This work provides further insights into the diversity of proteins undergoing glutathionylation and the role of this post-translational modification as a regulatory process in the adaptive response of the cell.
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49
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Grabsztunowicz M, Koskela MM, Mulo P. Post-translational Modifications in Regulation of Chloroplast Function: Recent Advances. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:240. [PMID: 28280500 PMCID: PMC5322211 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins enable fast modulation of protein function in response to metabolic and environmental changes. Phosphorylation is known to play a major role in regulating distribution of light energy between the Photosystems (PS) I and II (state transitions) and in PSII repair cycle. In addition, thioredoxin-mediated redox regulation of Calvin cycle enzymes has been shown to determine the efficiency of carbon assimilation. Besides these well characterized modifications, recent methodological progress has enabled identification of numerous other types of PTMs in various plant compartments, including chloroplasts. To date, at least N-terminal and Lys acetylation, Lys methylation, Tyr nitration and S-nitrosylation, glutathionylation, sumoylation and glycosylation of chloroplast proteins have been described. These modifications impact DNA replication, control transcriptional efficiency, regulate translational machinery and affect metabolic activities within the chloroplast. Moreover, light reactions of photosynthesis as well as carbon assimilation are regulated at multiple levels by a number of PTMs. It is likely that future studies will reveal new metabolic pathways to be regulated by PTMs as well as detailed molecular mechanisms of PTM-mediated regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paula Mulo
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of TurkuTurku, Finland
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50
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Calderón A, Lázaro-Payo A, Iglesias-Baena I, Camejo D, Lázaro JJ, Sevilla F, Jiménez A. Glutathionylation of Pea Chloroplast 2-Cys Prx and Mitochondrial Prx IIF Affects Their Structure and Peroxidase Activity and Sulfiredoxin Deglutathionylates Only the 2-Cys Prx. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:118. [PMID: 28197170 PMCID: PMC5283164 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Together with thioredoxins (Trxs), plant peroxiredoxins (Prxs), and sulfiredoxins (Srxs) are involved in antioxidant defense and redox signaling, while their regulation by post-translational modifications (PTMs) is increasingly regarded as a key component for the transduction of the bioactivity of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Among these PTMs, S-glutathionylation is considered a protective mechanism against overoxidation, it also modulates protein activity and allows signaling. This study explores the glutathionylation of recombinant chloroplastic 2-Cys Prx and mitochondrial Prx IIF from Pisum sativum. Glutathionylation of the decameric form of 2-Cys Prx produced a change in the elution volume after FPLC chromatography and converted it to its dimeric glutathionylated form, while Prx IIF in its reduced dimeric form was glutathionylated without changing its oligomeric state. Mass spectrometry demonstrated that oxidized glutathione (GSSG) can glutathionylate resolving cysteine (Cys174), but not the peroxidatic equivalent (Cys52), in 2-Cys Prx. In contrast, GSSG was able to glutathionylate both peroxidatic (Cys59) and resolving (Cys84) cysteine in Prx IIF. Glutathionylation was seen to be dependent on the GSH/GSSG ratio, although the exact effect on the 2-Cys Prx and Prx IIF proteins differed. However, the glutathionylation provoked a similar decrease in the peroxidase activity of both peroxiredoxins. Despite growing evidence of the importance of post-translational modifications, little is known about the enzymatic systems that specifically regulate the reversal of this modification. In the present work, sulfiredoxin from P. sativum was seen to be able to deglutathionylate pea 2-Cys Prx but not pea Prx IIF. Redox changes during plant development and the response to stress influence glutathionylation/deglutathionylation processes, which may represent an important event through the modulation of peroxiredoxin and sulfiredoxin proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aingeru Calderón
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant Pathology, Centre for Applied Soil Science and Biology of the Segura – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasMurcia, Spain
| | - Alfonso Lázaro-Payo
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, Zaidin Experimental Station – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGranada, Spain
| | - Iván Iglesias-Baena
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, Zaidin Experimental Station – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGranada, Spain
| | - Daymi Camejo
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant Pathology, Centre for Applied Soil Science and Biology of the Segura – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasMurcia, Spain
| | - Juan J. Lázaro
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, Zaidin Experimental Station – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGranada, Spain
| | - Francisca Sevilla
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant Pathology, Centre for Applied Soil Science and Biology of the Segura – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasMurcia, Spain
| | - Ana Jiménez
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant Pathology, Centre for Applied Soil Science and Biology of the Segura – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasMurcia, Spain
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