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Coccini T, Caloni F, Russo LA, Villani L, Lonati D, De Simone U. 3D human stem-cell-derived neuronal spheroids for in vitro neurotoxicity testing of methylglyoxal, highly reactive glycolysis byproduct and potent glycating agent. Curr Res Toxicol 2024; 7:100176. [PMID: 38975063 PMCID: PMC11225170 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2024.100176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Human-derived three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models are advanced human cell-based model for their complexity, relevance and application in toxicity testing. Intracellular accumulation of methylglyoxal (MGO), the most potent glycating agent in humans, mainly generated as a by-product of glycolysis, is associated with age-related diseases including neurodegenerative disorders. In our study, 3D human stem-cell-derived neuronal spheroids were set up and applied to evaluate cytotoxic effects after short-term (5 to 48 h) treatments with different MGO concentrations, including low levels, taking into consideration several biochemical endpoints. In MGO-treated neurospheroids, reduced cell growth proliferation and decreased cell viability occurred early from 5-10 μM, and their compactness diminished starting from 100 μM, apparently without affecting spheroid size. MGO markedly caused loss of the neuronal markers MAP-2 and NSE from 10-50 μM, decreased the detoxifying Glo1 enzyme from 50 μM, and activated NF-kB by nuclear translocation. The cytochemical evaluation of the 3D sections showed the presence of necrotic cells with loss of nuclei. Apoptotic cells were observed from 50 μM MGO after 48 h, and from 100 μM after 24 h. MGO (50-10 µM) also induced modifications of the cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions. These effects worsened at the higher concentrations (300-500 µM). In 3D neuronal spheroids, MGO tested concentrations comparable to human samples levels measured in MGO-associated diseases, altered neuronal key signalling endpoints relevant for the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and aging. The findings also demonstrated that the use of 3D neuronal spheroids of human origin can be useful in a strategy in vitro for testing MGO and other dicarbonyls evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Coccini
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Caloni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali (ESP), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Laura Villani
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pathology Unit, Pavia, Italy
| | - Davide Lonati
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Pavia, Italy
| | - Uliana De Simone
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Pavia, Italy
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2
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Weber FB, Santos CL, da Silva A, Schmitz I, Rezena E, Gonçalves CA, Quincozes-Santos A, Bobermin LD. Differences between cultured astrocytes from neonatal and adult Wistar rats: focus on in vitro aging experimental models. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024; 60:420-431. [PMID: 38546817 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-024-00896-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Astrocytes play key roles regulating brain homeostasis and accumulating evidence has suggested that glia are the first cells that undergo functional changes with aging, which can lead to a decline in brain function. In this context, in vitro models are relevant tools for studying aged astrocytes and, here, we investigated functional and molecular changes in cultured astrocytes obtained from neonatal or adult animals submitted to an in vitro model of aging by an additional period of cultivation of cells after confluence. In vitro aging induced different metabolic effects regarding glucose and glutamate uptake, as well as glutamine synthetase activity, in astrocytes obtained from adult animals compared to those obtained from neonatal animals. In vitro aging also modulated glutathione-related antioxidant defenses and increased reactive oxygen species and cytokine release especially in astrocytes from adult animals. Interestingly, in vitro aged astrocytes from adult animals exposed to pro-oxidant, inflammatory, and antioxidant stimuli showed enhanced oxidative and inflammatory responses. Moreover, these functional changes were correlated with the expression of the senescence marker p21, cytoskeleton markers, glutamate transporters, inflammatory mediators, and signaling pathways such as nuclear factor κB (NFκB)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1). Alterations in these genes are remarkably associated with a potential neurotoxic astrocyte phenotype. Therefore, considering the experimental limitations due to the need for long-term maintenance of the animals for studying aging, astrocyte cultures obtained from adult animals further aged in vitro can provide an improved experimental model for understanding the mechanisms associated with aging-related astrocyte dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Becker Weber
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Camila Leite Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Amanda da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Izaviany Schmitz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ester Rezena
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos-Alberto Gonçalves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - André Quincozes-Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Larissa Daniele Bobermin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil.
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3
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Sun H, Wei S, Gong Y, Ding K, Tang S, Sun W, Yuan C, Huang L, Liu Z, Chen C, Yao L. Neuroprotective effects of cordycepin inhibit glutamate-induced apoptosis in hippocampal neurons. Cell Stress Chaperones 2024; 29:10-20. [PMID: 38219840 PMCID: PMC10939076 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstres.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutamate is a neurotransmitter that can cause excitatory neurotoxicity when its extracellular concentration is too high, leading to disrupted calcium balance and increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cordycepin, a nucleoside adenosine derivative, has been shown to protect against excitatory neurotoxicity induced by glutamate. To investigate its potential neuroprotective effects, the present study employed fluorescence detection and spectrophotometry techniques to analyze primary hippocampal-cultured neurons. The results showed that glutamate toxicity reduced hippocampal neuron viability, increased ROS production, and increased intracellular calcium levels. Additionally, glutamate-induced cytotoxicity activated acetylcholinesterase and decreased glutathione levels. However, cordycepin inhibited glutamate-induced cell death, improved cell viability, reduced ROS production, and lowered Ca2+ levels. It also inhibited acetylcholinesterase activation and increased glutathione levels. This study suggests that cordycepin can protect against glutamate-induced neuronal injury in cell models, and this effect was inhibited by adenosine A1 receptor blockers, indicating that its neuroprotective effect is achieved through activation of the adenosine A1 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Sun
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China; Shan County Renmin Road Primary School, Heze, Shandong,PR China
| | - Shanshan Wei
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Yanchun Gong
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China; School of Physical Education and Health, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Kaizhi Ding
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Shan Tang
- School of Physical Education and Health, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Wei Sun
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Chunhua Yuan
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Liping Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Zhibing Liu
- School of Physical Education and Health, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Chong Chen
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China; School of Physical Education and Health, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China; NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Lihua Yao
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China; School of Physical Education and Health, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China.
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Kaimal R, Dube A, Souwaileh AA, Wu JJ, Anandan S. A copper metal-organic framework-based electrochemical sensor for identification of glutathione in pharmaceutical samples. Analyst 2024; 149:947-957. [PMID: 38197180 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01714a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The construction of a new electrochemical sensing platform based on a copper metal-organic framework (Cu-MOF) heterostructure is described in this paper. Drop-casting Cu-MOF suspension onto the electrode surface primed the sensor for glutathione detection. The composition and morphology of the Cu-MOF heterostructure were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and UV-visible spectroscopy. The Cu-MOF heterostructure can identify glutathione (GSH) with an enhanced sensitivity of 0.0437 μA μM-1 at the detection limit (LOD; 0.1 ± 0.005 μM) and a large dynamic range of 0.1-20 μM. Boosting the conductivity and surface area enhances electron transport and promotes redox processes. The constructed sensors were also adequately selective against interference from other contaminants in a similar potential window. Furthermore, the Cu-MOF heterostructure has outstanding selectivity, long-term stability, and repeatability, and the given sensors have demonstrated their capacity to detect GSH with high accuracy (recovery range = 98.2-100.8%) in pharmaceutical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Kaimal
- Nanomaterials & Solar Energy Conversion Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli-620015, India.
| | - Aashutosh Dube
- Nanomaterials & Solar Energy Conversion Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli-620015, India.
| | - Abdullah Al Souwaileh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jerry J Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering & Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung-407, Taiwan
| | - Sambandam Anandan
- Nanomaterials & Solar Energy Conversion Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli-620015, India.
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5
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Zhu H, Cheng Y, Wang X, Yang X, Liu M, Liu J, Liu S, Wang H, Zhang A, Li R, Ye C, Zhang J, Gao J, Fu X, Wu B. Gss deficiency causes age-related fertility impairment via ROS-triggered ferroptosis in the testes of mice. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:845. [PMID: 38114454 PMCID: PMC10730895 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06359-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione synthetase (GSS) catalyzes the final step in the synthesis of glutathione (GSH), a well-established antioxidant. Research on the specific roles of the Gss gene during spermatogenesis remains limited due to the intricate structure of testis. In this study, we identified pachytene spermatocytes as the primary site of GSS expression and generated a mouse model with postnatal deletion of Gss using Stra8-Cre (S8) to investigate the role of GSS in germ cells. The impact of Gss knockout on reducing male fertility is age-dependent and caused by ferroptosis in the testis. The 2-month-old S8/Gss-/- male mice exhibited normal fertility, due to a compensatory increase in GPX4, which prevented the accumulation of ROS. With aging, there was a decline in GPX4 and an increase in ALOX15 levels observed in 8-month-old S8/Gss-/- mice, resulting in the accumulation of ROS, lipid peroxidation, and ultimately testicular ferroptosis. We found that testicular ferroptosis did not affect spermatogonia, but caused meiosis disruption and acrosome heterotopia. Then the resulting aberrant sperm showed lower concentration and abnormal morphology, leading to reduced fertility. Furthermore, these injuries could be functionally rescued by inhibiting ferroptosis through intraperitoneal injection of GSH or Fer-1. In summary, Gss in germ cells play a crucial role in the resistance to oxidative stress injury in aged mice. Our findings deepen the understanding of ferroptosis during spermatogenesis and suggest that inhibiting ferroptosis may be a potential strategy for the treatment of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
- School of Life Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yin Cheng
- School of Life Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Xianmei Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Xing Yang
- School of Life Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Min Liu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Shandong Aimeng Biological Technology Co., Ltd, Jinan, 250023, China
| | - Shuqiao Liu
- School of Life Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Hongxiang Wang
- School of Life Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Aizhen Zhang
- School of Life Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Runze Li
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Chao Ye
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Life Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
| | - Jiangang Gao
- School of Life Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
| | - Xiaolong Fu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250117, China.
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, China.
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
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6
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Coccini T, Schicchi A, Locatelli CA, Caloni F, Negri S, Grignani E, De Simone U. Methylglyoxal-induced neurotoxic effects in primary neuronal-like cells transdifferentiated from human mesenchymal stem cells: Impact of low concentrations. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:1819-1839. [PMID: 37431083 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) have aroused the interest of the scientific community due to the increasing evidence of their involvement in many pathophysiological processes including various neurological disorders and cognitive decline age related. Methylglyoxal (MG) is one of the reactive dicarbonyl precursors of AGEs, mainly generated as a by-product of glycolysis, whose accumulation induces neurotoxicity. In our study, MG cytotoxicity was evaluated employing a human stem cell-derived model, namely, neuron-like cells (hNLCs) transdifferentiated from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells, which served as a source of human based species-specific "healthy" cells. MG increased ROS production and induced the first characteristic apoptotic hallmarks already at low concentrations (≥10 μM), decreased the cell growth (≥5-10 μM) and viability (≥25 μM), altered Glo-1 and Glo-2 enzymes (≥25 μM), and markedly affected the neuronal markers MAP-2 and NSE causing their loss at low MG concentrations (≥10 μM). Morphological alterations started at 100 μM, followed by even more marked effects and cell death after few hours (5 h) from 200 μM MG addition. Substantially, most effects occurred as low as 10 μM, concentration much lower than that reported from previous observations using different in vitro cell-based models (e.g., human neuroblastoma cell lines, primary animal cells, and human iPSCs). Remarkably, this low effective concentration approaches the level range measured in biological samples of pathological subjects. The use of a suitable cellular model, that is, human primary neurons, can provide an additional valuable tool, mimicking better the physiological and biochemical properties of brain cells, in order to evaluate the mechanistic basis of molecular and cellular alterations in CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Coccini
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Azzurra Schicchi
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlo Alessandro Locatelli
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Caloni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali (ESP), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Negri
- Environmental Research Center, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Grignani
- Environmental Research Center, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Uliana De Simone
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
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7
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Akter M, Ma H, Hasan M, Karim A, Zhu X, Zhang L, Li Y. Exogenous L-lactate administration in rat hippocampus increases expression of key regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant defense. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1117146. [PMID: 37008779 PMCID: PMC10062455 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1117146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
L-lactate plays a critical role in learning and memory. Studies in rats showed that administration of exogenous L-lactate into the anterior cingulate cortex and hippocampus (HPC) improved decision-making and enhanced long-term memory formation, respectively. Although the molecular mechanisms by which L-lactate confers its beneficial effect are an active area of investigations, one recent study found that L-lactate supplementation results in a mild reactive oxygen species burst and induction of pro-survival pathways. To further investigate the molecular changes induced by L-lactate, we injected rats with either L-lactate or artificial CSF bilaterally into the dorsal HPC and collected the HPC after 60 minutes for mass spectrometry. We identified increased levels of several proteins that include SIRT3, KIF5B, OXR1, PYGM, and ATG7 in the HPC of the L-lactate treated rats. SIRT3 (Sirtuin 3) is a key regulator of mitochondrial functions and homeostasis and protects cells against oxidative stress. Further experiments identified increased expression of the key regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1α) and mitochondrial proteins (ATPB, Cyt-c) as well as increased mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number in the HPC of L-lactate treated rats. OXR1 (Oxidation resistance protein 1) is known to maintain mitochondrial stability. It mitigates the deleterious effects of oxidative damage in neurons by inducing a resistance response against oxidative stress. Together, our study suggests that L-lactate can induce expression of key regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant defense. These findings create new research avenues to explore their contribution to the L-lactate’s beneficial effect in cognitive functions as these cellular responses might enable neurons to generate more ATP to meet energy demand of neuronal activity and synaptic plasticity as well as attenuate the associated oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mastura Akter
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Haiying Ma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mahadi Hasan
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Anwarul Karim
- School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhu
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong, Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Biosystems, Neuroscience, and Nanotechnology, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Li,
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8
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Jiang N, Zhang Y, Yao C, Liu Y, Chen Y, Chen F, Wang Y, Choudhary MI, Liu X. Tenuifolin ameliorates the sleep deprivation-induced cognitive deficits. Phytother Res 2023; 37:464-476. [PMID: 36608695 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Tenuifolin (TEN), a natural neuroprotective compound obtained from the Polygala tenuifolia Willd plant, has improved cognitive symptoms. However, the impact of TEN on memory impairments caused by sleep deprivation (SD) is unclear. Accordingly, the objective of this study was to investigate the mechanisms behind the preventative benefits of TEN on cognitive impairment caused by SD. TEN (10 and 20 mg/kg) and Huperzine A (0.1 mg/kg) were given to mice through oral gavage for 28 days during the SD process. The results indicate that TEN administrations improve short- and long-term memory impairments caused by SD in the Y-maze, object identification, and step-through tests. Moreover, TEN stimulated the generation of anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-10), lowered the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and interleukin-18), and activated microglia, improving antioxidant status in the hippocampus. TEN treatments significantly boosted the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase-1 while considerably decreasing the expression of NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 and caspase-1 p20. Additionally, TEN restored the downregulation of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling cascade and the impaired hippocampal neurogenesis induced by SD. When considered collectively, our data suggest that TEN is a potentially effective neuroprotective agent for cognition dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Jiang
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Caihong Yao
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yupei Liu
- Key Laboratory of TCM Heart and Lung Syndrome Differentiation & Medicated Diet and Dietotherapy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yuzhen Chen
- Key Laboratory of TCM Heart and Lung Syndrome Differentiation & Medicated Diet and Dietotherapy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Key Laboratory of TCM Heart and Lung Syndrome Differentiation & Medicated Diet and Dietotherapy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Wang
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Xinmin Liu
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of TCM Heart and Lung Syndrome Differentiation & Medicated Diet and Dietotherapy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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9
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Yang Z, Zhang W, Lu H, Cai S. Methylglyoxal in the Brain: From Glycolytic Metabolite to Signalling Molecule. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227905. [PMID: 36432007 PMCID: PMC9696358 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Advances in molecular biology technology have piqued tremendous interest in glycometabolism and bioenergetics in homeostasis and neural development linked to ageing and age-related diseases. Methylglyoxal (MGO) is a by-product of glycolysis, and it can covalently modify proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, leading to cell growth inhibition and, eventually, cell death. MGO can alter intracellular calcium homeostasis, which is a major cell-permeant precursor to advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). As side-products or signalling molecules, MGO is involved in several pathologies, including neurodevelopmental disorders, ageing, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we demonstrate that MGO (the metabolic side-product of glycolysis), the GLO system, and their analogous relationship with behavioural phenotypes, epigenetics, ageing, pain, and CNS degeneration. Furthermore, we summarise several therapeutic approaches that target MGO and the glyoxalase (GLO) system in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyong Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Huashan Rd. 1961, Shanghai 200030, China
- Correspondence: (Z.Y.); (S.C.)
| | - Wangping Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Women and Children’s Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 2468 Zhonghuan East Road, Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - Han Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Shu Cai
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 283 Jianghai Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510310, China
- Correspondence: (Z.Y.); (S.C.)
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10
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Hassan SSU, Samanta S, Dash R, Karpiński TM, Habibi E, Sadiq A, Ahmadi A, Bungau S. The neuroprotective effects of fisetin, a natural flavonoid in neurodegenerative diseases: Focus on the role of oxidative stress. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1015835. [PMID: 36299900 PMCID: PMC9589363 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1015835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) disrupts the chemical integrity of macromolecules and increases the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Fisetin is a flavonoid that exhibits potent antioxidant properties and protects the cells against OS. We have viewed the NCBI database, PubMed, Science Direct (Elsevier), Springer-Nature, ResearchGate, and Google Scholar databases to search and collect relevant articles during the preparation of this review. The search keywords are OS, neurodegenerative diseases, fisetin, etc. High level of ROS in the brain tissue decreases ATP levels, and mitochondrial membrane potential and induces lipid peroxidation, chronic inflammation, DNA damage, and apoptosis. The subsequent results are various neuronal diseases. Fisetin is a polyphenolic compound, commonly present in dietary ingredients. The antioxidant properties of this flavonoid diminish oxidative stress, ROS production, neurotoxicity, neuro-inflammation, and neurological disorders. Moreover, it maintains the redox profiles, and mitochondrial functions and inhibits NO production. At the molecular level, fisetin regulates the activity of PI3K/Akt, Nrf2, NF-κB, protein kinase C, and MAPK pathways to prevent OS, inflammatory response, and cytotoxicity. The antioxidant properties of fisetin protect the neural cells from inflammation and apoptotic degeneration. Thus, it can be used in the prevention of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Shams ul Hassan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Saptadip Samanta
- Department of Physiology, Midnapore College, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, South Korea
| | - Tomasz M. Karpiński
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Emran Habibi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Amirhossein Ahmadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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11
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Ma H, Dong Y, Chu Y, Guo Y, Li L. The mechanisms of ferroptosis and its role in alzheimer’s disease. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:965064. [PMID: 36090039 PMCID: PMC9459389 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.965064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) accounts for two-thirds of all dementia cases, affecting 50 million people worldwide. Only four of the more than 100 AD drugs developed thus far have successfully improved AD symptoms. Furthermore, these improvements are only temporary, as no treatment can stop or reverse AD progression. A growing number of recent studies have demonstrated that iron-dependent programmed cell death, known as ferroptosis, contributes to AD-mediated nerve cell death. The ferroptosis pathways within nerve cells include iron homeostasis regulation, cystine/glutamate (Glu) reverse transporter (system xc−), glutathione (GSH)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), and lipid peroxidation. In the regulation pathway of AD iron homeostasis, abnormal iron uptake, excretion and storage in nerve cells lead to increased intracellular free iron and Fenton reactions. Furthermore, decreased Glu transporter expression leads to Glu accumulation outside nerve cells, resulting in the inhibition of the system xc− pathway. GSH depletion causes abnormalities in GPX4, leading to excessive accumulation of lipid peroxides. Alterations in these specific pathways and amino acid metabolism eventually lead to ferroptosis. This review explores the connection between AD and the ferroptosis signaling pathways and amino acid metabolism, potentially informing future AD diagnosis and treatment methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyue Ma
- Department of Neurology, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Neurology, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Yanhui Chu
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Tissue Damage and Repair, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Yanqin Guo
- Department of Neurology, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Tissue Damage and Repair, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Yanqin Guo, ; Luxin Li,
| | - Luxin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Tissue Damage and Repair, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Yanqin Guo, ; Luxin Li,
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12
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Currais A, Kepchia D, Liang Z, Maher P. The Role of AMP-activated Protein Kinase in Oxytosis/Ferroptosis: Protector or Potentiator? Antioxid Redox Signal 2022. [PMID: 35243895 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Evidence for a role for the oxytosis/ferroptosis regulated cell death pathway in aging and neurodegenerative diseases has been growing over the past few years. Because of this, there is an increasing necessity to identify endogenous signaling pathways that can be modulated to protect cells from this form of cell death. Recent Advances: Recently, several studies have identified a protective role for the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/acetyl CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) pathway in oxytosis/ferroptosis. However, there are also a number of studies suggesting that this pathway contributes to cell death initiated by various inducers of oxytosis/ferroptosis. Critical Issues: The goals of this review are to provide an overview and analysis of the published studies and highlight specific areas where more research is needed. Future Directions: Much remains to be learned about AMPK signaling in oxytosis/ferroptosis, especially the conditions where it is protective. Furthermore, the role of AMPK signaling in the brain and especially the aging brain needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Currais
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Devin Kepchia
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Zhibin Liang
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Pamela Maher
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
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13
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Stewart A, Glaser E, Mott CA, Bailey WM, Sulllivan PG, Patel S, Gensel J. Advanced Age and Neurotrauma Diminish Glutathione and Impair Antioxidant Defense after Spinal Cord Injury. J Neurotrauma 2022; 39:1075-1089. [PMID: 35373589 PMCID: PMC9347421 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2022.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Stewart
- University of Kentucky, Physiology, 741 S. Limestone Street, BBSRB B483, Lexington, Kentucky, United States, 40536-0509,
| | - Ethan Glaser
- University of Kentucky, Physiology, Lexington, Kentucky, United States,
| | - Caitlin A Mott
- University of Kentucky, Physiology, Lexington, Kentucky, United States,
| | - William M Bailey
- University of Kentucky, Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, Physiology, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Patrick G Sulllivan
- University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Spinal Cord & Brain Injury Research Cent, 475 BBSRB, Lexington, United States, 40536-0509,
| | - Samir Patel
- University of Kentucky, 4530, Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, Physiology, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - John Gensel
- University of Kentucky, Physiology, 741 S. Limestone Street, B436 BBSRB, Lexington, Kentucky, United States, 40536-0509
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14
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α-Lipoic Acid Strengthens the Antioxidant Barrier and Reduces Oxidative, Nitrosative, and Glycative Damage, as well as Inhibits Inflammation and Apoptosis in the Hypothalamus but Not in the Cerebral Cortex of Insulin-Resistant Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7450514. [PMID: 35391928 PMCID: PMC8983239 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7450514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The research determined the role of α-lipoic acid (ALA) in reducing the brain manifestations of insulin resistance. The mechanism of ALA action is mainly based on its ability to “scavenge” oxygen free radicals and stimulate biosynthesis of reduced glutathione (GSH), considered the most critical brain antioxidant. Although the protective effect of ALA is widely documented in various diseases, there are still no studies assessing the influence of ALA on brain metabolism in the context of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The experiment was conducted on male Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet for ten weeks with intragastric administration of ALA for four weeks. We are the first to demonstrate that ALA improves the function of enzymatic and nonenzymatic brain antioxidant systems, but the protective effects of ALA were mainly observed in the hypothalamus of insulin-resistant rats. Indeed, ALA caused a significant increase in superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activities, as well as GSH concentration and redox potential ([GSH]2/[GSSG]) in the hypothalamus of HFD-fed rats. A consequence of antioxidant barrier enhancement by ALA is the reduction of oxidation, glycation, and nitration of brain proteins, lipids, and DNA. The protective effects of ALA result from hypothalamic activation of the transcription factor Nrf2 and inhibition of NF-κB. In the hypothalamus of insulin-resistant rats, we demonstrated reduced levels of oxidation (AOPP) and glycation (AGE) protein products, 4-hydroxynoneal, 8-isoprostanes, and 3-nitrotyrosine and, in the cerebral cortex, lower levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and peroxynitrite. In addition, we demonstrated that ALA decreases levels of proinflammatory TNF-α but also increases the synthesis of anti-inflammatory IL-10 in the hypothalamus of insulin-resistant rats. ALA also prevents neuronal apoptosis, confirming its multidirectional effects within the brain. Interestingly, we have shown no correlation between brain and serum/plasma oxidative stress biomarkers, indicating the different nature of redox imbalance at the central and systemic levels. To summarize, ALA improves antioxidant balance and diminishes oxidative/glycative stress, protein nitrosative damage, inflammation, and apoptosis, mainly in the hypothalamus of insulin-resistant rats. Further studies are needed to determine the molecular mechanism of ALA action within the brain.
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15
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Zhou Y, Lin W, Rao T, Zheng J, Zhang T, Zhang M, Lin Z. Ferroptosis and Its Potential Role in the Nervous System Diseases. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:1555-1574. [PMID: 35264867 PMCID: PMC8901225 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s351799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel regulated cell death characterized by metabolic disorders and iron-dependent oxidative destruction of the lipid bilayer. It is primarily caused by the imbalance of oxidation and anti-oxidation in the body and is precisely regulated by numerous factors and pathways inside and outside the cell. Recent studies have indicated that ferroptosis plays a vital role in the pathophysiological process of multiple systems of the body including the nervous system. Ferroptosis may be closely linked to the occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases, strokes, and brain tumors. It may also be involved in the development, maturation, and aging of the nervous system. Therefore, this study aims to investigate ferroptosis’s occurrence and regulatory mechanism and summarize its research progress in the pathogenesis and treatment of neurological diseases. This would allow for novel ideas for basic and clinical research of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Medicine, Taizhou Women and Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Medicine, Taizhou Women and Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian Rao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Medicine, Taizhou Women and Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinyu Zheng
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianlei Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Medicine, Taizhou Women and Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Medicine, Taizhou Women and Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenlang Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Medicine, Taizhou Women and Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Zhenlang Lin, Email
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16
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Pal A, Rani I, Pawar A, Picozza M, Rongioletti M, Squitti R. Microglia and Astrocytes in Alzheimer's Disease in the Context of the Aberrant Copper Homeostasis Hypothesis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1598. [PMID: 34827595 PMCID: PMC8615684 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence of copper's (Cu) involvement in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is available, but information on Cu involvement in microglia and astrocytes during the course of AD has yet to be structurally discussed. This review deals with this matter in an attempt to provide an updated discussion on the role of reactive glia challenged by excess labile Cu in a wide picture that embraces all the major processes identified as playing a role in toxicity induced by an imbalance of Cu in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Pal
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Kalyani 741245, West Bengal, India
| | - Isha Rani
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (MMIMSR), Maharishi Markandeshwar University (MMU), Mullana, Ambala 133207, Haryana, India;
| | - Anil Pawar
- Department of Zoology, DAV University, Jalandhar 144012, Punjab, India;
| | - Mario Picozza
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCSS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy;
| | - Mauro Rongioletti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research and Development Division, San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, 00186 Rome, Italy;
| | - Rosanna Squitti
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy
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17
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Schmid JC, Frey K, Scheiner M, Garzón JFG, Stafforst L, Fricke JN, Schuppe M, Schiewe H, Zeeck A, Weber T, Usón I, Kemkemer R, Decker M, Grond S. The Structure of Cyclodecatriene Collinolactone, its Biosynthesis, and Semisynthetic Analogues: Effects of Monoastral Phenotype and Protection from Intracellular Oxidative Stress. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:23212-23216. [PMID: 34415670 PMCID: PMC8597109 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recently described rhizolutin and collinolactone isolated from Streptomyces Gö 40/10 share the same novel carbon scaffold. Analyses by NMR and X‐Ray crystallography verify the structure of collinolactone and propose a revision of rhizolutin's stereochemistry. Isotope‐labeled precursor feeding shows that collinolactone is biosynthesized via type I polyketide synthase with Baeyer–Villiger oxidation. CRISPR‐based genetic strategies led to the identification of the biosynthetic gene cluster and a high‐production strain. Chemical semisyntheses yielded collinolactone analogues with inhibitory effects on L929 cell line. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that only particular analogues induce monopolar spindles impairing cell division in mitosis. Inspired by the Alzheimer‐protective activity of rhizolutin, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of collinolactone and its analogues on glutamate‐sensitive cells (HT22) and indeed, natural collinolactone displays distinct neuroprotection from intracellular oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian C Schmid
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Biomolecular Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Frey
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Reutlingen University, 72762, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Scheiner
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilians University of Würzburg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jaime Felipe Guerrero Garzón
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Luise Stafforst
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Biomolecular Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jan-Niklas Fricke
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Biomolecular Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michaela Schuppe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Biomolecular Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hajo Schiewe
- Charles River Laboratories International, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, 94080, United States
| | - Axel Zeeck
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg August University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tilmann Weber
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Isabel Usón
- ICREA, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Crystallographic Methods, Institute of Molecular Biology of Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC), Barcelona Science Park, Helix Building, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ralf Kemkemer
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Reutlingen University, 72762, Reutlingen, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilians University of Würzburg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Grond
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Biomolecular Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
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18
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Schmid JC, Frey K, Scheiner M, Garzón JFG, Stafforst L, Fricke J, Schuppe M, Schiewe H, Zeeck A, Weber T, Usón I, Kemkemer R, Decker M, Grond S. Die Struktur des Cyclodecatriens Collinolacton, seine Biosynthese und semisynthetische Derivate: monopolare Spindeln und Schutz vor intrazellulärem oxidativem Stress. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julian C. Schmid
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Biomolekulare Chemie Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Deutschland
| | - Kerstin Frey
- Department of Applied Chemistry Reutlingen University 72762 Reutlingen Deutschland
| | - Matthias Scheiner
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Jaime Felipe Guerrero Garzón
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Bio Sustainability Technical University of Denmark 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Dänemark
| | - Luise Stafforst
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Biomolekulare Chemie Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Deutschland
| | - Jan‐Niklas Fricke
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Biomolekulare Chemie Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Deutschland
| | - Michaela Schuppe
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Biomolekulare Chemie Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Deutschland
| | - Hajo Schiewe
- Charles River Laboratories International, Inc. South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Axel Zeeck
- Institut für Organische Chemie Georg August University of Göttingen 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Tilmann Weber
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Bio Sustainability Technical University of Denmark 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Dänemark
| | - Isabel Usón
- ICREA, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats 08003 Barcelona Spanien
- Crystallographic Methods Institute of Molecular Biology of Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC) Barcelona Science Park, Helix Building 08028 Barcelona Spanien
| | - Ralf Kemkemer
- Department of Applied Chemistry Reutlingen University 72762 Reutlingen Deutschland
- Max-Planck-Institute for Medical Research Jahnstraße 29 69120 Heidelberg Deutschland
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Stephanie Grond
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Biomolekulare Chemie Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Deutschland
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19
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Amadoro G, Latina V, Balzamino BO, Squitti R, Varano M, Calissano P, Micera A. Nerve Growth Factor-Based Therapy in Alzheimer's Disease and Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:735928. [PMID: 34566573 PMCID: PMC8459906 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.735928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-associated neurodegenerative disease which is the most common cause of dementia among the elderly. Imbalance in nerve growth factor (NGF) signaling, metabolism, and/or defect in NGF transport to the basal forebrain cholinergic neurons occurs in patients affected with AD. According to the cholinergic hypothesis, an early and progressive synaptic and neuronal loss in a vulnerable population of basal forebrain involved in memory and learning processes leads to degeneration of cortical and hippocampal projections followed by cognitive impairment with accumulation of misfolded/aggregated Aβ and tau protein. The neuroprotective and regenerative effects of NGF on cholinergic neurons have been largely demonstrated, both in animal models of AD and in living patients. However, the development of this neurotrophin as a disease-modifying therapy in humans is challenged by both delivery limitations (inability to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB), poor pharmacokinetic profile) and unwanted side effects (pain and weight loss). Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a retinal disease which represents the major cause of blindness in developed countries and shares several clinical and pathological features with AD, including alterations in NGF transduction pathways. Interestingly, nerve fiber layer thinning, degeneration of retinal ganglion cells and changes of vascular parameters, aggregation of Aβ and tau protein, and apoptosis also occur in the retina of both AD and AMD. A protective effect of ocular administration of NGF on both photoreceptor and retinal ganglion cell degeneration has been recently described. Besides, the current knowledge about the detection of essential trace metals associated with AD and AMD and their changes depending on the severity of diseases, either systemic or locally detected, further pave the way for a promising diagnostic approach. This review is aimed at describing the employment of NGF as a common therapeutic approach to AMD and AD and the diagnostic power of detection of essential trace metals associated with both diseases. The multiple approaches employed to allow a sustained release/targeting of NGF to the brain and its neurosensorial ocular extensions will be also discussed, highlighting innovative technologies and future translational prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Amadoro
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT)-CNR, Rome, Italy.,European Brain Research Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Rosanna Squitti
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Monica Varano
- Research Laboratories in Ophthalmology, IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Micera
- Research Laboratories in Ophthalmology, IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy
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20
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Soriano-Castell D, Liang Z, Maher P, Currais A. The search for anti-oxytotic/ferroptotic compounds in the plant world. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:3611-3626. [PMID: 33931859 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxytosis/ferroptosis is a form of non-apoptotic regulated cell death characterized by glutathione (GSH) depletion and dysregulated production of mitochondrial ROS that results in lethal lipid peroxidation. As the significance of oxytosis/ferroptosis to age-associated human diseases is now beginning to be appreciated, the development of innovative approaches to identify novel therapeutics that target the oxytosis/ferroptosis pathway could not be more timely. Due to their sessile nature, plants are exposed to a variety of stresses that trigger physiological changes similar to those found in oxytosis/ferroptosis. As such, they have evolved a rich array of chemical strategies to deal with those challenging conditions. This review details a drug discovery approach for identifying potent inhibitors of oxytosis/ferroptosis from plants for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, thereby highlighting the tremendous potential of plant-based research for developing new medicines while simultaneously being a catalyst for sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Soriano-Castell
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Zhibin Liang
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Pamela Maher
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Antonio Currais
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
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21
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Liang Z, Currais A, Soriano-Castell D, Schubert D, Maher P. Natural products targeting mitochondria: emerging therapeutics for age-associated neurological disorders. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 221:107749. [PMID: 33227325 PMCID: PMC8084865 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the primary source of energy production in the brain thereby supporting most of its activity. However, mitochondria become inefficient and dysfunctional with age and to a greater extent in neurological disorders. Thus, mitochondria represent an emerging drug target for many age-associated neurological disorders. This review summarizes recent advances (covering from 2010 to May 2020) in the use of natural products from plant, animal, and microbial sources as potential neuroprotective agents to restore mitochondrial function. Natural products from diverse classes of chemical structures are discussed and organized according to their mechanism of action on mitochondria in terms of modulation of biogenesis, dynamics, bioenergetics, calcium homeostasis, and membrane potential, as well as inhibition of the oxytosis/ferroptosis pathway. This analysis emphasizes the significant value of natural products for mitochondrial pharmacology as well as the opportunities and challenges for the discovery and development of future neurotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Liang
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States; The Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States.
| | - Antonio Currais
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - David Soriano-Castell
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - David Schubert
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States; The Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Pamela Maher
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States.
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22
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Hofmann J, Ginex T, Espargaró A, Scheiner M, Gunesch S, Aragó M, Stigloher C, Sabaté R, Luque FJ, Decker M. Azobioisosteres of Curcumin with Pronounced Activity against Amyloid Aggregation, Intracellular Oxidative Stress, and Neuroinflammation. Chemistry 2021; 27:6015-6027. [PMID: 33666306 PMCID: PMC8048673 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Many (poly-)phenolic natural products, for example, curcumin and taxifolin, have been studied for their activity against specific hallmarks of neurodegeneration, such as amyloid-β 42 (Aβ42) aggregation and neuroinflammation. Due to their drawbacks, arising from poor pharmacokinetics, rapid metabolism, and even instability in aqueous medium, the biological activity of azobenzene compounds carrying a pharmacophoric catechol group, which have been designed as bioisoteres of curcumin has been examined. Molecular simulations reveal the ability of these compounds to form a hydrophobic cluster with Aβ42, which adopts different folds, affecting the propensity to populate fibril-like conformations. Furthermore, the curcumin bioisosteres exceeded the parent compound in activity against Aβ42 aggregation inhibition, glutamate-induced intracellular oxidative stress in HT22 cells, and neuroinflammation in microglial BV-2 cells. The most active compound prevented apoptosis of HT22 cells at a concentration of 2.5 μm (83 % cell survival), whereas curcumin only showed very low protection at 10 μm (21 % cell survival).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Hofmann
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryInstitute of, Pharmacy and Food ChemistryUniversity of WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Tiziana Ginex
- Department of Nutrition Food Science and GastronomyFaculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Theoretical and Computational, Chemistry and Institute of Biomedicine, Campus TorriberaUniversity of BarcelonaSanta Coloma de Gramenet08921Spain
| | - Alba Espargaró
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical-ChemistrySchool of Pharmacy Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, (IN2UB)University of Barcelona08028BarcelonaSpain
| | - Matthias Scheiner
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryInstitute of, Pharmacy and Food ChemistryUniversity of WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Sandra Gunesch
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryInstitute of, Pharmacy and Food ChemistryUniversity of WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Marc Aragó
- Department of Nutrition Food Science and GastronomyFaculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Theoretical and Computational, Chemistry and Institute of Biomedicine, Campus TorriberaUniversity of BarcelonaSanta Coloma de Gramenet08921Spain
| | - Christian Stigloher
- Imaging Core FacilityBiocenter/Theodor-Boveri-InstituteUniversity of WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Raimon Sabaté
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical-ChemistrySchool of Pharmacy Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, (IN2UB)University of Barcelona08028BarcelonaSpain
| | - F. Javier Luque
- Department of Nutrition Food Science and GastronomyFaculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Theoretical and Computational, Chemistry and Institute of Biomedicine, Campus TorriberaUniversity of BarcelonaSanta Coloma de Gramenet08921Spain
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryInstitute of, Pharmacy and Food ChemistryUniversity of WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
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23
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Dal Magro BM, Stone V, Klein CP, Maurmann RM, Saccomori AB, Dos Santos BG, August PM, Rodrigues KS, Conrado L, de Sousa FAB, Dreimeier D, Mello F, Matté C. Developmental programming: intrauterine caloric restriction promotes upregulation of mitochondrial sirtuin with mild effects on oxidative parameters in the ovaries and testes of offspring. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 32:763-773. [PMID: 32389177 DOI: 10.1071/rd19384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) hypothesis, changes in the maternal environment are known to reprogram the metabolic response of offspring. Known for its redox modulation, caloric restriction extends the lifespan of some species, which contributes to diminished cellular damage. Little is known about the effects of gestational caloric restriction, in terms of antioxidant parameters and molecular mechanisms of action, on the reproductive organs of offspring. This study assessed the effects of moderate (20%) caloric restriction on redox status parameters, molecular expression of sirtuin (SIRT) 1 and SIRT3 and histopathological markers in the ovaries and testes of adult rats that were subjected to gestational caloric restriction. Although enzyme activity was increased, ovaries from female pups contained high levels of oxidants, whereas testes from male pups had decreased antioxidant enzyme defences, as evidenced by diminished glyoxalase I activity and reduced glutathione content. Expression of SIRT3, a deacetylase enzyme related to cellular bioenergetics, was increased in both ovaries and testes. Previous studies have suggested that, in ovaries, diminished antioxidant metabolism can lead to premature ovarian failure. Unfortunately, there is little information regarding the redox profile in the testis. This study is the first to assess the redox network in both ovaries and testes, suggesting that, although intrauterine caloric restriction improves molecular mechanisms, it has a negative effect on the antioxidant network and redox status of reproductive organs of young adult rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Dal Magro
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Prédio Anexo, Floresta, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - V Stone
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências, Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Prédio Anexo, Floresta, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - C P Klein
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências, Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Prédio Anexo, Floresta, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - R M Maurmann
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Prédio Anexo, Floresta, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - A B Saccomori
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Prédio Anexo, Floresta, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - B G Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências, Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Prédio Anexo, Floresta, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - P M August
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências, Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Prédio Anexo, Floresta, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - K S Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências, Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Prédio Anexo, Floresta, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - L Conrado
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Prédio Anexo, Floresta, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - F A B de Sousa
- Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS, 90650-001, Brazil
| | - D Dreimeier
- Setor de Anatomia Patológica Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS, 90650-001, Brazil
| | - F Mello
- Centro de Reprodução e Experimentação Animal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Campus do Vale, Prédio 43.300, Agronomia, RS, 91509-900, Brazil
| | - C Matté
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Prédio Anexo, Floresta, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil; and Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências, Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Prédio Anexo, Floresta, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil; and Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, R. Sarmento Leite, n° 500, Farroupilha, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil; and Corresponding author.
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24
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Abstract
Neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, have a significant negative impact on both patients and society at large. Since the prevalence of most of these disorders increases with age, the consequences for our aging population are only going to grow. It is now acknowledged that neurological disorders are multi-factorial involving disruptions in multiple cellular systems. While each disorder has specific initiating mechanisms and pathologies, certain common pathways appear to be involved in most, if not all, neurological disorders. Thus, it is becoming increasingly important to identify compounds that can modulate the multiple pathways that contribute to disease development or progression. One of these compounds is the flavonol fisetin. Fisetin has now been shown in preclinical models to be effective at preventing the development and/or progression of multiple neurological disorders including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke (both ischemic and hemorrhagic) and traumatic brain injury as well as to reduce age-associated changes in the brain. These beneficial effects stem from its actions on multiple pathways associated with the different neurological disorders. These actions include its well characterized anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects as well as more recently described effects on the regulated cell death oxytosis/ferroptosis pathway, the gut microbiome and its senolytic activity. Therefore, the growing body of pre-clinical data, along with fisetin’s ability to modulate a large number of pathways associated with brain dysfunction, strongly suggest that it would be worthwhile to pursue its therapeutic effects in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Maher
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA
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25
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Maher P, Currais A, Schubert D. Using the Oxytosis/Ferroptosis Pathway to Understand and Treat Age-Associated Neurodegenerative Diseases. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:1456-1471. [PMID: 33176157 PMCID: PMC7749085 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxytosis was first described over 30 years ago in nerve cells as a non-excitotoxic pathway for glutamate-induced cell death. The key steps of oxytosis, including glutathione depletion, lipoxygenase activation, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and calcium influx, were identified using a combination of chemical and genetic tools. A pathway with the same characteristics as oxytosis was identified in transformed fibroblasts in 2012 and named ferroptosis. Importantly, the pathophysiological changes seen in oxytosis and ferroptosis are also observed in multiple neurodegenerative diseases as well as in the aging brain. This led to the hypothesis that this pathway could be used as a screening tool to identify novel drug candidates for the treatment of multiple age-associated neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Using this approach, we have identified several AD drug candidates, one of which is now in clinical trials, as well as new target pathways for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Maher
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Antonio Currais
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - David Schubert
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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26
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Bjørklund G, Tinkov AA, Hosnedlová B, Kizek R, Ajsuvakova OP, Chirumbolo S, Skalnaya MG, Peana M, Dadar M, El-Ansary A, Qasem H, Adams JB, Aaseth J, Skalny AV. The role of glutathione redox imbalance in autism spectrum disorder: A review. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 160:149-162. [PMID: 32745763 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The role of glutathione in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is emerging as a major topic, due to its role in the maintenance of the intracellular redox balance. Several studies have implicated glutathione redox imbalance as a leading factor in ASD, and both ASD and many other neurodevelopmental disorders involve low levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), high levels of oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and abnormalities in the expressions of glutathione-related enzymes in the blood or brain. Glutathione metabolism, through its impact on redox environment or redox-independent mechanisms, interferes with multiple mechanisms involved in ASD pathogenesis. Glutathione-mediated regulation of glutamate receptors [e.g., N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor], as well as the role of glutamate as a substrate for glutathione synthesis, may be involved in the regulation of glutamate excitotoxicity. However, the interaction between glutathione and glutamate in the pathogenesis of brain diseases may vary from synergism to antagonism. Modulation of glutathione is also associated with regulation of redox-sensitive transcription factors nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and activator protein 1 (AP-1) and downstream signaling (proinflammatory cytokines and inducible enzymes), thus providing a significant impact on neuroinflammation. Mitochondrial dysfunction, as well as neuronal apoptosis, may also provide a significant link between glutathione metabolism and ASD. Furthermore, it has been recently highlighted that glutathione can affect and modulate DNA methylation and epigenetics. Review analysis including research studies meeting the required criteria for analysis showed statistically significant differences between the plasma GSH and GSSG levels as well as GSH:GSSG ratio in autistic patients compared with healthy individuals (P = 0.0145, P = 0.0150 and P = 0.0202, respectively). Therefore, the existing data provide a strong background on the role of the glutathione system in ASD pathogenesis. Future research is necessary to investigate the role of glutathione redox signaling in ASD, which could potentially also lead to promising therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo I Rana, Norway.
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems, Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Božena Hosnedlová
- Department of Human Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; CONEM Metallomics Nanomedicine Research Group (CMNRG), Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rene Kizek
- Department of Human Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; CONEM Metallomics Nanomedicine Research Group (CMNRG), Brno, Czech Republic; Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Laboratory Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Olga P Ajsuvakova
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems, Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; CONEM Scientific Secretary, Verona, Italy
| | - Margarita G Skalnaya
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems, Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
| | | | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Afaf El-Ansary
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Autism Research and Treatment Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; CONEM Saudi Autism Research Group, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan Qasem
- Autism Research and Treatment Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; CONEM Saudi Autism Research Group, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - James B Adams
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems, Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
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27
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Gunesch S, Soriano-Castell D, Lamer S, Schlosser A, Maher P, Decker M. Development and Application of a Chemical Probe Based on a Neuroprotective Flavonoid Hybrid for Target Identification Using Activity-Based Protein Profiling. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:3823-3837. [PMID: 33124812 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, and up to now, there are no disease-modifying drugs available. Natural product hybrids based on the flavonoid taxifolin and phenolic acids have shown a promising pleiotropic neuroprotective profile in cell culture assays and even disease-modifying effects in vivo. However, the detailed mechanisms of action remain unclear. To elucidate the distinct intracellular targets of 7-O-esters of taxifolin, we present in this work the development and application of a chemical probe, 7-O-cinnamoyltaxifolin-alkyne, for target identification using activity-based protein profiling. 7-O-Cinnamoyltaxifolin-alkyne remained neuroprotective in all cell culture assays. Western blot analysis showed a comparable influence on the same intracellular pathways as that of the lead compound 7-O-cinnamoyltaxifolin, thereby confirming its suitability as a probe for target identification experiments. Affinity pulldown and MS analysis revealed adenine nucleotide translocase 1 (ANT-1) and sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) as intracellular interaction partners of 7-O-cinnamoyltaxifolin-alkyne and thus of 7-O-esters of taxifolin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Gunesch
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - David Soriano-Castell
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, 92037 California, United States of America
| | - Stephanie Lamer
- Rudolf-Virchow-Zentrum—Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Schlosser
- Rudolf-Virchow-Zentrum—Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Pamela Maher
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, 92037 California, United States of America
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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28
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Bjørklund G, Peana M, Maes M, Dadar M, Severin B. The glutathione system in Parkinson's disease and its progression. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 120:470-478. [PMID: 33068556 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Redox dysfunctions and neuro-oxidative stress play a major role in the pathophysiology and progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). Glutathione (GSH) and the reduced/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio are lowered in oxidative stress conditions and may lead to increased oxidative toxicity. GSH is involved not only in neuro-immune and neuro-oxidative processes, including thiol redox signaling, but also in cell proliferation and differentiation and in the regulation of cell death, including apoptotic pathways. Lowered GSH metabolism and a low GSH/GSSG ratio following oxidative stress are associated with mitochondrial dysfunctions and constitute a critical factor in the neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative processes accompanying PD. This review provides indirect evidence that GSH redox signaling is associated with the pathophysiology of PD. Nevertheless, it has not been delineated whether GSH redox imbalances are a causative factor in PD or whether PD-associated pathways cause the GSH redox imbalances in PD. The results show that antioxidant approaches, including neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory agents, which neutralize reactive oxygen species, may have therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of PD and its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway.
| | | | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Impact Research Center, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Beatrice Severin
- Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, Constanta, Romania
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29
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Huang L, McClatchy DB, Maher P, Liang Z, Diedrich JK, Soriano-Castell D, Goldberg J, Shokhirev M, Yates JR, Schubert D, Currais A. Intracellular amyloid toxicity induces oxytosis/ferroptosis regulated cell death. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:828. [PMID: 33024077 PMCID: PMC7538552 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03020-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulates within neurons in the brains of early stage Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. However, the mechanism underlying its toxicity remains unclear. Here, a triple omics approach was used to integrate transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic data collected from a nerve cell model of the toxic intracellular aggregation of Aβ. It was found that intracellular Aβ induces profound changes in the omics landscape of nerve cells that are associated with a pro-inflammatory, metabolic reprogramming that predisposes cells to die via the oxytosis/ferroptosis regulated cell death pathway. Notably, the degenerative process included substantial alterations in glucose metabolism and mitochondrial bioenergetics. Our findings have implications for the understanding of the basic biology of proteotoxicity, aging, and AD as well as for the development of future therapeutic interventions designed to target the oxytosis/ferroptosis regulated cell death pathway in the AD brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Huang
- The Razavi Newman Integrative Genomics and Bioinformatics Core, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Daniel B McClatchy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Neurobiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Pamela Maher
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Zhibin Liang
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jolene K Diedrich
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Neurobiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - David Soriano-Castell
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Joshua Goldberg
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Maxim Shokhirev
- The Razavi Newman Integrative Genomics and Bioinformatics Core, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Neurobiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - David Schubert
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Antonio Currais
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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Hofmann J, Fayez S, Scheiner M, Hoffmann M, Oerter S, Appelt‐Menzel A, Maher P, Maurice T, Bringmann G, Decker M. Sterubin: Enantioresolution and Configurational Stability, Enantiomeric Purity in Nature, and Neuroprotective Activity in Vitro and in Vivo. Chemistry 2020; 26:7299-7308. [PMID: 32358806 PMCID: PMC7317536 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological disorder with still no preventive or curative treatment. Flavonoids are phytochemicals with potential therapeutic value. Previous studies described the flavanone sterubin isolated from the Californian plant Eriodictyon californicum as a potent neuroprotectant in several in vitro assays. Herein, the resolution of synthetic racemic sterubin (1) into its two enantiomers, (R)-1 and (S)-1, is described, which has been performed on a chiral chromatographic phase, and their stereochemical assignment online by HPLC-ECD coupling. (R)-1 and (S)-1 showed comparable neuroprotection in vitro with no significant differences. While the pure stereoisomers were configurationally stable in methanol, fast racemization was observed in the presence of culture medium. We also established the occurrence of extracted sterubin as its pure (S)-enantiomer. Moreover, the activity of sterubin (1) was investigated for the first time in vivo, in an AD mouse model. Sterubin (1) showed a significant positive impact on short- and long-term memory at low dosages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Hofmann
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryInstitute of Pharmacy and Food ChemistryUniversity of WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Shaimaa Fayez
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Department of PharmacognosyFaculty of PharmacyAin-Shams UniversityOrganization of African Unity Street 111566CairoEgypt
| | - Matthias Scheiner
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryInstitute of Pharmacy and Food ChemistryUniversity of WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Matthias Hoffmann
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryInstitute of Pharmacy and Food ChemistryUniversity of WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- MMDN, University of MontpellierINSERM, EPHE, UMR-S119834095MontpellierFrance
| | - Sabrina Oerter
- Department for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUniversity Hospital WürzburgRöntgenring 1197070WürzburgGermany
| | - Antje Appelt‐Menzel
- Department for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUniversity Hospital WürzburgRöntgenring 1197070WürzburgGermany
- Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT)Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISCRöntgenring 1197070WürzburgGermany
| | - Pamela Maher
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies10010 North Torrey Pines Rd.CA92037La JollaUSA
| | - Tangui Maurice
- MMDN, University of MontpellierINSERM, EPHE, UMR-S119834095MontpellierFrance
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryInstitute of Pharmacy and Food ChemistryUniversity of WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
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Mastaloudis A, Sheth C, Hester SN, Wood SM, Prescot A, McGlade E, Renshaw PF, Yurgelun-Todd DA. Supplementation with a putative calorie restriction mimetic micronutrient blend increases glutathione concentrations and improves neuroenergetics in brain of healthy middle-aged men and women. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 153:112-121. [PMID: 32335159 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caloric restriction (CR) without micronutrient deficiency has been shown to increase both lifespan and healthspan. In animals, CR has been demonstrated to increase glutathione (GSH), a neuroprotective antioxidant, in the brain and preserve brain mitochondrial function by altering neuroenergetics. In humans it has been associated with improvements in mood states and cognitive function. However, most CR studies have employed a 30-60% reduction in calories which is likely too stringent for most people to adhere to long-term. Thus, there is an unmet need for nutritional supplements which can mimic the biological effects of CR, without the need for calorie limitations. AIM The purpose of the present randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was to use Proton (1H) Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic (MRS) measurements to determine non-invasively whether a blend of micronutrients, a putative CR mimetic, positively modulates metabolites related to neuroprotection and neuroenergetics in the brain. METHODS Healthy middle-aged men and women (N = 63 [33 women]; age: 40-60 years) were randomized in a double-blind manner to 6 weeks supplementation with either the putative CR mimetic or placebo. At baseline and 6 weeks, subjects underwent MRS at 3 T to investigate changes in brain chemistry, including the neurometabolites: GSH, Glutamate (Glu), Glutamine (Gln) and N-Acetylaspartate (NAA). RESULTS GSH, a marker of antioxidant and cellular redox status, increased in the brain of participants in the supplement group. The supplement group also showed an increase in the Glu/Gln ratio, a marker of excitatory neurotransmission and bioenergetics. A trend for an increase in NAA/H2O, a marker of neuronal integrity, was observed in females in the supplement group. CONCLUSIONS The present study reveals that 6-weeks daily supplementation with a micronutrient blend elicits positive changes in brain neurochemistry. This is the first study to demonstrate that a putative CR mimetic increases brain GSH concentrations and improves neuroprotection and neuroenergetics in the brain of healthy humans. This study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02439983.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chandni Sheth
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Diagnostic Neuroimaging, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | | | - Steven M Wood
- Pharmanex Research, NSE Products, Inc., Provo, UT, USA
| | - Andrew Prescot
- Department of Radiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Erin McGlade
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Diagnostic Neuroimaging, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA VISN 19 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRREC), Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Perry F Renshaw
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Diagnostic Neuroimaging, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA VISN 19 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRREC), Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Deborah A Yurgelun-Todd
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Diagnostic Neuroimaging, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA VISN 19 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRREC), Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Alzoubi KH, Al-Jamal FF, Mahasneh AF. Cerebrolysin prevents sleep deprivation induced memory impairment and oxidative stress. Physiol Behav 2020; 217:112823. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Maher P, Fischer W, Liang Z, Soriano-Castell D, Pinto AFM, Rebman J, Currais A. The Value of Herbarium Collections to the Discovery of Novel Treatments for Alzheimer's Disease, a Case Made With the Genus Eriodictyon. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:208. [PMID: 32210808 PMCID: PMC7076189 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants, in particular those with a history in traditional medicine, hold enormous potential as sources of new therapies for dementias such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The largest collections of plants can be found in herbaria all over the world, but the value of these collections to AD drug discovery has been significantly neglected. As a proof of principle, we investigated the neuroprotective activity of herbarium specimens of Eriodictyon (yerba santa), a genus with a long history of usage by the indigenous tribes in California to treat respiratory and age-related complications. Dichloromethane extracts were prepared from leaves of 14 Eriodictyon taxa preserved in the SD Herbarium located at the San Diego Natural History Museum. The extracts were tested for neuroprotection in nerve cells against oxytosis and ferroptosis and for anti-inflammatory activity in brain microglial cells exposed to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. In parallel, the levels of the flavanones sterubin, eriodictyol and homoeriodictyol were measured by mass spectrometry. Several Eriodictyon species presented strong neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities. The protective properties of the extracts correlated with the amount of sterubin, but not with eriodictyol or homoeriodictyol, indicating that sterubin is the major active compound in these species. The occurrence of eriodictyol and homoeriodictyol may be predictive of the phylogenetic relationship between members in the genus Eriodictyon. The data offer insight into the traditional use of yerba santa across indigenous tribes in California, while demonstrating the value of herbarium collections for the discovery of novel therapeutic compounds for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Maher
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Wolfgang Fischer
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Zhibin Liang
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - David Soriano-Castell
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Antonio F M Pinto
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Jon Rebman
- Department of Botany, San Diego Natural History Museum, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Antonio Currais
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
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Zhang H, Yang X, Li X, Cheng Y, Zhang H, Chang L, Sun M, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Niu Q, Wang T. Oxidative and nitrosative stress in the neurotoxicity of polybrominated diphenyl ether-153: possible mechanism and potential targeted intervention. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 238:124602. [PMID: 31545211 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been known to exhibit neurotoxicity in rats; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown and there is no available intervention. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of oxidative and nitrosative stress in the neurotoxicity in the cerebral cortex and primary neurons in rats following the BDE-153 treatment. Compared to the untreated group, BDE-153 treatment significantly induced the neurotoxic effects in rats, as manifested by the increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities and cell apoptosis rates, and the decreased neurotrophic factor contents and cholinergic enzyme activities in rats' cerebral cortices and primary neurons. When compared to the untreated group, the oxidative and nitrosative stress had occurred in the cerebral cortex or primary neurons in rats following the BDE-153 treatment, as manifested by the increments in levels of reactive oxygenspecies (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) mRNA and protein expressions, along with the decline in levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione (GSH) content, and peroxiredoxin I (Prx I) and Prx II mRNA and protein expressions. In addition, the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) or NO scavenger NG-Nitro-l-arginine (L-NNA) significantly rescued the LDH leakage and cell survival, reversed the neurotrophin contents and cholinergic enzymes, mainly via regaining balance between oxidation/nitrosation and antioxidation. Overall, our findings suggested that oxidative and nitrosative stresses are involved in the neurotoxicity induced by BDE-153, and that the antioxidation is a potential targeted intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- National Key Disciplines, Key Laboratory for Cellular Physiology of Ministry of Education, Department of Neurobiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xin Li
- Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Taiyuan Iron and Steel Company, Taiyuan, 030003, Shanxi, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Huajun Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Lijun Chang
- Department of Environmental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Min Sun
- Department of Environmental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Zemin Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN, 47408, USA
| | - Qiao Niu
- Department of Occupational Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
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Yin L, Chau CKL, Sham PC, So HC. Integrating Clinical Data and Imputed Transcriptome from GWAS to Uncover Complex Disease Subtypes: Applications in Psychiatry and Cardiology. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 105:1193-1212. [PMID: 31785786 PMCID: PMC6904812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Classifying subjects into clinically and biologically homogeneous subgroups will facilitate the understanding of disease pathophysiology and development of targeted prevention and intervention strategies. Traditionally, disease subtyping is based on clinical characteristics alone, but subtypes identified by such an approach may not conform exactly to the underlying biological mechanisms. Very few studies have integrated genomic profiles (e.g., those from GWASs) with clinical symptoms for disease subtyping. Here we proposed an analytic framework capable of finding complex diseases subgroups by leveraging both GWAS-predicted gene expression levels and clinical data by a multi-view bicluster analysis. This approach connects SNPs to genes via their effects on expression, so the analysis is more biologically relevant and interpretable than a pure SNP-based analysis. Transcriptome of different tissues can also be readily modeled. We also proposed various evaluation metrics for assessing clustering performance. Our framework was able to subtype schizophrenia subjects into diverse subgroups with different prognosis and treatment response. We also applied the framework to the Northern Finland Birth Cohort (NFBC) 1966 dataset and identified high and low cardiometabolic risk subgroups in a gender-stratified analysis. The prediction strength by cross-validation was generally greater than 80%, suggesting good stability of the clustering model. Our results suggest a more data-driven and biologically informed approach to defining metabolic syndrome and subtyping psychiatric disorders. Moreover, we found that the genes "blindly" selected by the algorithm are significantly enriched for known susceptibility genes discovered in GWASs of schizophrenia or cardiovascular diseases. The proposed framework opens up an approach to subject stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangying Yin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Carlos K L Chau
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Pak-Chung Sham
- Centre for Genomic Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; State Key Laboratory for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hon-Cheong So
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research of Common Diseases, Kunming Zoology Institute of Zoology and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Margaret K.L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518000, China.
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Currais A, Huang L, Goldberg J, Petrascheck M, Ates G, Pinto-Duarte A, Shokhirev MN, Schubert D, Maher P. Elevating acetyl-CoA levels reduces aspects of brain aging. eLife 2019; 8:47866. [PMID: 31742554 PMCID: PMC6882557 DOI: 10.7554/elife.47866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Because old age is the greatest risk factor for dementia, a successful therapy will require an understanding of the physiological changes that occur in the brain with aging. Here, two structurally distinct Alzheimer's disease (AD) drug candidates, CMS121 and J147, were used to identify a unique molecular pathway that is shared between the aging brain and AD. CMS121 and J147 reduced cognitive decline as well as metabolic and transcriptional markers of aging in the brain when administered to rapidly aging SAMP8 mice. Both compounds preserved mitochondrial homeostasis by regulating acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) metabolism. CMS121 and J147 increased the levels of acetyl-CoA in cell culture and mice via the inhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1), resulting in neuroprotection and increased acetylation of histone H3K9 in SAMP8 mice, a site linked to memory enhancement. These data show that targeting specific metabolic aspects of the aging brain could result in treatments for dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Currais
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - Ling Huang
- The Razavi Newman Integrative Genomics and Bioinformatics Core, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - Joshua Goldberg
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - Michael Petrascheck
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Gamze Ates
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - António Pinto-Duarte
- Computational Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - Maxim N Shokhirev
- The Razavi Newman Integrative Genomics and Bioinformatics Core, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - David Schubert
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - Pamela Maher
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
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7-O-Esters of taxifolin with pronounced and overadditive effects in neuroprotection, anti-neuroinflammation, and amelioration of short-term memory impairment in vivo. Redox Biol 2019; 29:101378. [PMID: 31926632 PMCID: PMC6928325 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial disease and the most common form of dementia. There are no treatments to cure, prevent or slow down the progression of the disease. Natural products hold considerable interest for the development of preventive neuroprotectants to treat neurodegenerative disorders like AD, due to their low toxicity and general beneficial effects on human health with their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant features. In this work we describe regioselective synthesis of 7-O-ester hybrids of the flavonoid taxifolin with the phenolic acids cinnamic and ferulic acid, namely 7-O-cinnamoyltaxifolin and 7-O-feruloyltaxifolin. The compounds show pronounced overadditive neuroprotective effects against oxytosis, ferroptosis and ATP depletion in the murine hippocampal neuron HT22 cell model. Furthermore, 7-O-cinnamoyltaxifolin and 7-O-feruloyltaxifolin reduced LPS-induced neuroinflammation in BV-2 microglia cells as assessed by effects on the levels of NO, IL6 and TNFα. In all in vitro assays the 7-O-esters of taxifolin and ferulic or cinnamic acid showed strong overadditive activity, significantly exceeding the effects of the individual components and the equimolar mixtures thereof, which were almost inactive in all of the assays at the tested concentrations. In vivo studies confirmed this overadditive effect. Treatment of an AD mouse model based on the injection of oligomerized Aβ25-35 peptide into the brain to cause neurotoxicity and subsequently memory deficits with 7-O-cinnamoyltaxifolin or 7-O-feruloyltaxifolin resulted in improved performance in an assay for short-term memory as compared to vehicle and mice treated with the respective equimolar mixtures. These results highlight the benefits of natural product hybrids as a novel compound class with potential use for drug discovery in neurodegenerative diseases due to their pharmacological profile that is distinct from the individual natural components.
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Coordinated transcriptional regulation by thyroid hormone and glucocorticoid interaction in adult mouse hippocampus-derived neuronal cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220378. [PMID: 31348800 PMCID: PMC6660079 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus is a well-known target of thyroid hormone (TH; e.g., 3,5,3’-triiodothyronine—T3) and glucocorticoid (GC; e.g., corticosterone—CORT) action. Despite evidence that TH and GC play critical roles in neural development and function, few studies have identified genes and patterns of gene regulation influenced by the interaction of these hormones at a genome-wide scale. In this study we investigated gene regulation by T3, CORT, and T3 + CORT in the mouse hippocampus-derived cell line HT-22. We treated cells with T3, CORT, or T3 + CORT for 4 hr before cell harvest and RNA isolation for microarray analysis. We identified 9 genes regulated by T3, 432 genes by CORT, and 412 genes by T3 + CORT. Among the 432 CORT-regulated genes, there were 203 genes that exhibited an altered CORT response in the presence of T3, suggesting that T3 plays a significant role in modulating CORT-regulated genes. We also found 80 genes synergistically induced, and 73 genes synergistically repressed by T3 + CORT treatment. We performed in silico analysis using publicly available mouse neuronal chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing datasets and identified a considerable number of synergistically regulated genes with TH receptor and GC receptor peaks mapping within 1 kb of chromatin marks indicative of hormone-responsive enhancer regions. Functional annotation clustering of synergistically regulated genes reveal the relevance of proteasomal-dependent degradation, neuroprotective effect of growth hormones, and neuroinflammatory responses as key pathways to how TH and GC may coordinately influence learning and memory. Taken together, our transcriptome data represents a promising exploratory dataset for further study of common molecular mechanisms behind synergistic TH and GC gene regulation, and identify specific genes and their role in processes mediated by cross-talk between the thyroid and stress axes in a mammalian hippocampal model system.
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Alzoubi KH, Mayyas F, Abu Zamzam HI. Omega-3 fatty acids protects against chronic sleep-deprivation induced memory impairment. Life Sci 2019; 227:1-7. [PMID: 30998938 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The current study aims to evaluate the possible protective effect of omega-3 fatty acids on memory impairment induced by sleep-deprivation in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals were chronically sleep deprived using the modified multiple platform model (8 h/day for 8 weeks). Omega-3 fatty acids were administered as fish oil via oral gavage at a daily dose of 100 mg omega-3 PUFA/100 g BWT. The spatial learning and memory were evaluated using the radial arm water maze (RAWM). Additionally, the following oxidative stress biomarkers were measured in the hippocampus: glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), GSH/GSSG, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS). KEY FINDINGS Animals in the SD group committed significantly more errors in both short- and long- term memory tests of the RAWM compared to other groups. On the other hand, animals that were sleep deprived and treated with omega-3 fatty acids committed similar number of errors compared to the control group. This indicates that SD impaired both short- and long- term memories, and that chronic omega-3 fatty acids administration prevented these effects. Omega-3 fatty acids also prevented the decreases in hippocampal GPx, catalase and GSH/GSSG ratio and normalized the increases in GSSG levels, which were impaired by SD model. No changes were observed on hippocampal TBARS levels, or activity of SOD among experimental groups. SIGNIFICANCE In conclusion, a protective effect of omega-3 fatty acids administration has been observed against chronic SD-induced memory impairment probably via improving hippocampus antioxidant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
| | - Fadia Mayyas
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Hamza I Abu Zamzam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Hanko M, Švorc Ľ, Planková A, Mikuš P. Overview and recent advances in electrochemical sensing of glutathione - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1062:1-27. [PMID: 30947984 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present paper is aimed at providing an overview of the recent advances in the electrochemical sensing of glutathione (GSH), an important electrochemically and biologically active molecule, for the period 2012-2018. Herein, the analytical performances of newly developed electrochemical methods, procedures and protocols for GSH sensing are comprehensively and critically discussed with respect to the type of method, electrodes used (new electrode modifications, advanced materials and formats), sample matrices, and basic validation parameters obtained (limit of detection, linear dynamic range, precision, selectivity/evaluation of interferences). This paper considers electrochemical methods used alone as well as the hyphenated methods with electrochemical detection (ECD), such as HPLC-ECD or CE-ECD. The practical applicability of the platforms developed for GSH detection and quantification is mostly focused on pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. The most significant electrochemical approaches for GSH detection in multicomponent analyte samples and multicomponent matrices and for real-time in vivo GSH analysis are highlighted. The great variability in the electrochemical techniques, electrode approaches, and obtainable performance parameters, discussed in this review, brought new insights not only on current GSH and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) determinations, but, along with this, on the advances in electrochemical analysis from a more general point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Hanko
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Odbojárov 10, SK-832 32, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ľubomír Švorc
- Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Alexandra Planková
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Odbojárov 10, SK-832 32, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Mikuš
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Odbojárov 10, SK-832 32, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Toxicological and Antidoping Center, Odbojárov 10, SK-832 32, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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Gonçalves CA, Rodrigues L, Bobermin LD, Zanotto C, Vizuete A, Quincozes-Santos A, Souza DO, Leite MC. Glycolysis-Derived Compounds From Astrocytes That Modulate Synaptic Communication. Front Neurosci 2019; 12:1035. [PMID: 30728759 PMCID: PMC6351787 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.01035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the concept of the tripartite synapse, we have reviewed the role of glucose-derived compounds in glycolytic pathways in astroglial cells. Glucose provides energy and substrate replenishment for brain activity, such as glutamate and lipid synthesis. In addition, glucose metabolism in the astroglial cytoplasm results in products such as lactate, methylglyoxal, and glutathione, which modulate receptors and channels in neurons. Glucose has four potential destinations in neural cells, and it is possible to propose a crossroads in “X” that can be used to describe these four destinations. Glucose-6P can be used either for glycogen synthesis or the pentose phosphate pathway on the left and right arms of the X, respectively. Fructose-6P continues through the glycolysis pathway until pyruvate is formed but can also act as the initial compound in the hexosamine pathway, representing the left and right legs of the X, respectively. We describe each glucose destination and its regulation, indicating the products of these pathways and how they can affect synaptic communication. Extracellular L-lactate, either generated from glucose or from glycogen, binds to HCAR1, a specific receptor that is abundantly localized in perivascular and post-synaptic membranes and regulates synaptic plasticity. Methylglyoxal, a product of a deviation of glycolysis, and its derivative D-lactate are also released by astrocytes and bind to GABAA receptors and HCAR1, respectively. Glutathione, in addition to its antioxidant role, also binds to ionotropic glutamate receptors in the synaptic cleft. Finally, we examined the hexosamine pathway and evaluated the effect of GlcNAc-modification on key proteins that regulate the other glucose destinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos-Alberto Gonçalves
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Letícia Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Larissa D Bobermin
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Caroline Zanotto
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Adriana Vizuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - André Quincozes-Santos
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Diogo O Souza
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marina C Leite
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Old age-associated phenotypic screening for Alzheimer's disease drug candidates identifies sterubin as a potent neuroprotective compound from Yerba santa. Redox Biol 2018; 21:101089. [PMID: 30594901 PMCID: PMC6309122 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.101089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent age-associated dementia with no treatments that can prevent or slow its progression. Since age is by far the major risk factor for AD, there is a strong rationale for an alternative approach to drug discovery based upon the biology of aging. Phenotypic screening assays that reflect multiple, age-associated neurotoxicity pathways rather than single molecular targets can identify compounds that have therapeutic efficacy by targeting aspects of aging that contribute to AD pathology. And, while the suitability of any single assay can be questioned, a combination of assays can make reliable predictions about the neuroprotective effects of compounds in vivo. Therefore, our lab has developed a combination of phenotypic screening assays that are ideally suited not only to identify novel neuroprotective compounds for the treatment of AD but also their target pathways, thereby potentially providing new therapeutic targets for disease treatment. Using these assays, we screened a large library of extracts from plants with identified pharmacological uses. Analysis of one of these extracts from the plant Yerba santa (Eriodictyon californicum) identified the flavanone sterubin as the active component and further studies showed it to be a potent neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory compound. Phenotypic screening of a curated library of plant extracts identifies Yerba santa. The flavonoid sterubin is the main active component of Yerba santa. Sterubin is very neuroprotective against multiple toxicities of the aging brain. Sterubin has potent anti-inflammatory activity that is dependent on Nrf2 induction. Sterubin is also an iron chelator which could enhance its neuroprotective activity.
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Shin EJ, Hwang YG, Pham DT, Lee JW, Lee YJ, Pyo D, Jeong JH, Lei XG, Kim HC. Glutathione peroxidase-1 overexpressing transgenic mice are protected from neurotoxicity induced by microcystin-leucine-arginine. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:1019-1028. [PMID: 30076769 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although it has been well-recognized that microcystin-leucine-arginine (MCLR), the most common form of microcystins, induces neurotoxicity, little is currently known about the underlying mechanism for this neurotoxicity. Here, we found that MCLR (10 ng/μL/mouse, i.c.v.) induces significant neuronal loss in the hippocampus of mice. MCLR-induced neurotoxicity was accompanied by oxidative stress, as shown by a significant increase in the level of 4-hydroxynonenal, protein carbonyl, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1) activity was significantly increased, but glutathione peroxidase (GPx) level was significantly decreased following MCLR insult. In addition, MCLR significantly inhibited GSH/GSSG ratio, and significantly induced NFκB DNA binding activity. Because reduced activity of GPx appeared to be critical for the imbalance between activities of SODs and GPx, we utilized GPx-1 overexpressing transgenic mice to ascertain the role of GPx-1 in this neurotoxicity. Genetic overexpression of GPx-1 or NFκB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) significantly attenuated MCLR-induced hippocampal neuronal loss in mice. However, PDTC did not exert any additive effect on neuroprotection mediated by GPx-1 overexpression, indicating that NFκB is a neurotoxic target of MCLR. Combined, these results suggest that MCLR-induced neurotoxicity requires oxidative stress associated with failure in compensatory induction of GPx, possibly through activation of the transcription factor NFκB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Joo Shin
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Gwang Hwang
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Duc Toan Pham
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Lee
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jeung Lee
- Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongjin Pyo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, New York
| | - Hyoung-Chun Kim
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea
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Genetic overexpression of glutathione peroxidase-1 attenuates microcystin-leucine-arginine-induced memory impairment in mice. Neurochem Int 2018; 118:152-165. [PMID: 29908255 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Microcystin-leucine-arginine (MCLR) is the most common form of microcystins, which are environmental toxins produced by cyanobacteria, and its hepatotoxicity has been well-documented. However, the neurotoxic potential of MCLR remains to be further elucidated. In the present study, we investigated whether intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion of MCLR induces mortality and neuronal loss in the hippocampus of mice. Because we found that MCLR impairs memory function in the hippocampus at a low dose (4 ng/μl/mouse, i.c.v.) without a significant neuronal loss, we focused on this dose for further analyses. Results showed that MCLR (4 ng/μl/mouse, i.c.v.) significantly increased oxidative stress (i.e., malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, and synaptosomal ROS) in the hippocampus. In addition, MCLR significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity without corresponding induction of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, and thus led to significant decrease in the ratio of GPx/SODs activity. The GSH/GSSG ratio was also significantly reduced after MCLR treatment. GPx-1 overexpressing transgenic mice (GPx-1 Tg) were significantly protected from MCLR-induced memory impairment and oxidative stress. The DNA binding activity of nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in these mice was significantly enhanced, and the ratios of GPx/SODs activity and GSH/GSSG returned to near control levels in the hippocampus. Importantly, memory function exhibited a significant positive correlation with the ratios of GPx/SODs activity and GSH/GSSG in the hippocampus of MCLR-treated non-transgenic (non-Tg)- and GPx-1 Tg-mice. Combined, our results suggest that MCLR induces oxidative stress and memory impairment without significant neuronal loss, and that GPx-1 gene constitutes an important protectant against MCLR-induced memory impairment and oxidative stress via maintaining antioxidant defense system homeostasis, possibly through the induction of Nrf2 transcription factor.
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Maher P. Potentiation of glutathione loss and nerve cell death by the transition metals iron and copper: Implications for age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 115:92-104. [PMID: 29170091 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence for alterations in iron and copper homeostasis during aging that are exacerbated in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, how iron and copper accumulation leads to nerve cell damage in AD is not clear. In order to better understand how iron and copper can contribute to nerve cell death, a simple, well-defined in vitro model of cell death, the oyxtosis assay, was used. This assay uses glutamate to induce glutathione (GSH) depletion which initiates a form of oxidative stress-induced programmed cell death. A reduction in GSH is seen in the aging brain, is associated with cognitive dysfunction and is accelerated in many CNS diseases including AD. It is shown that both iron and copper potentiate both GSH loss and cell death in this model. Iron and copper also potentiate cell death induced by other GSH depleters but not by compounds that induce oxidative stress via other pathways. At least part of the effects of copper on GSH are related to its ability to reduce the activity of glutamate cysteine ligase, the rate limiting enzyme in GSH synthesis. Both metals also alter several signaling pathways involved in modulating nerve cell death. Together, these results suggest that in vivo iron and copper may specifically enhance nerve cell death under conditions where GSH levels are reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Maher
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037, United States.
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Feng W, Rosca M, Fan Y, Hu Y, Feng P, Lee HG, Monnier VM, Fan X. Gclc deficiency in mouse CNS causes mitochondrial damage and neurodegeneration. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:1376-1390. [PMID: 28158580 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Gamma glutamyl cysteine ligase (GCL) is the rate-limiting enzyme for intracellular glutathione (GSH) synthesis. The GSH concentration and GCL activity are declining with age in the central nervous system (CNS), and is accompanied by elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS). To study the biological effects of low GSH levels, we disrupted its synthesis both at birth by breeding a Gclc loxP mouse with a thy1-cre mouse (NEGSKO mouse) and at a later age by breeding with a CaMKII-ERT2-Cre (FIGSKO mouse). NEGSKO mice with deficiency of the Gclc in their entire CNS neuronal cells develop at 4 weeks: progressive motor neuron loss, gait problems, muscle denervation and atrophy, paralysis, and have diminished life expectancy. The observed neurodegeneration in Gclc deficiency is of more chronic rather than acute nature as demonstrated by Gclc targeted single-neuron labeling from the inducible Cre-mediated knockout (SLICK) mice. FIGSKO mice with inducible Gclc deficiency in the forebrain at 23 weeks after tamoxifen induction demonstrate profound brain atrophy, elevated astrogliosis and neurodegeneration, particularly in the hippocampus region. FIGSKO mice also develop cognitive abnormalities, i.e. learning impairment and nesting behaviors based on passive avoidance, T-Maze, and nesting behavior tests. Mechanistic studies show that impaired mitochondrial glutathione homeostasis and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction are responsible for neuronal cell loss. This was confirmed by mitochondrial electron transporter chain activity analysis and transmission electron microscopy that demonstrate remarkable impairment of state 3 respiratory activity, impaired complex IV function, and mitochondrial swollen morphology in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. These mouse genetic tools of oxidative stress open new insights into potential pharmacological control of apoptotic signaling pathways triggered by mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Feng
- First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Mariana Rosca
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
| | | | - Yufen Hu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine
| | - Pingfu Feng
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine
| | - Hyoung-Gon Lee
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio
| | - Vincent M Monnier
- Department of Pathology.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Endres D, Tebartz van Elst L, Meyer SA, Feige B, Nickel K, Bubl A, Riedel A, Ebert D, Lange T, Glauche V, Biscaldi M, Philipsen A, Maier SJ, Perlov E. Glutathione metabolism in the prefrontal brain of adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder: an MRS study. Mol Autism 2017; 8:10. [PMID: 28316774 PMCID: PMC5351053 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-017-0122-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disease characterized by difficulties in social communication, unusually restricted, repetitive behavior and interests, and specific abnormalities in language and perception. The precise etiology of ASD is still unknown and probably heterogeneous. In a subgroup of patients, toxic environmental exposure might lead to an imbalance between oxidative stress and anti-oxidant systems. Previous serum and postmortem studies measuring levels of glutathione (GSH), the main cellular free radical scavenger in the brain, have supported the hypothesis that this compound might play a role in the pathophysiology of autism. Methods Using the method of single-voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), we analyzed the GSH signal in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of 24 ASD patients with normal or above average IQs and 18 matched control subjects. We hypothesized that we would find decreased GSH concentrations in both regions. Results We did not find overall group differences in neurometabolites including GSH, neither in the dorsal ACC (Wilks’ lambda test; p = 0.429) nor in the DLPFC (p = 0.288). In the dACC, we found a trend for decreased GSH signals in ASD patients (p = 0.076). Conclusions We were unable to confirm our working hypothesis regarding decreased GSH concentrations in the ASD group. Further studies combining MRS, serum, and cerebrospinal fluid measurements of GSH metabolism including other regions of interest or even whole brain spectroscopy are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Endres
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ludger Tebartz van Elst
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simon A Meyer
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Feige
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Nickel
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anna Bubl
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Str. 100, 66421 Homburg, Saar Germany
| | - Andreas Riedel
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dieter Ebert
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Lange
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 60a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Volkmar Glauche
- Department of Neurology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 64, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Monica Biscaldi
- Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 8, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Philipsen
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Psychiatry and Psychotherapy - University Hospital, Karl-Jaspers-Klinik, Medical Campus University of Oldenburg, Hermann-Ehlers-Str. 7, 26160 Bad Zwischenahn, Germany
| | - Simon J Maier
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Evgeniy Perlov
- Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.,Clinic for Psychiatry Luzern, Schafmattstrasse 1, 4915 St. Urban, Switzerland
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Bobermin LD, Souza DO, Gonçalves CA, Quincozes-Santos A. Resveratrol prevents ammonia-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular redox imbalance in C6 astroglial cells. Nutr Neurosci 2017; 21:276-285. [PMID: 28165879 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2017.1284375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound that presents several protective effects in the central nervous system, including gliotoxicity associated to hyperammonemia, a key element for the development of hepatic encephalopathy. In this condition, mitochondrial dysfunction leads to a reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, which, in turn, exacerbates mitochondrial failure and causes cellular damage. OBJECTIVE This study sought to determine whether prevention of mitochondrial dysfunction and the maintenance of cellular redox status by resveratrol contribute to its protective action toward ammonia toxicity. METHODS C6 astrocyte cell line was pre-incubated in the presence or absence of resveratrol (100 μM) for 1 hour. After pre-incubation, resveratrol was maintained and 5 mM ammonia was added for 24 hours, followed by the evaluation of ROS production, mitochondrial functionality, antioxidant enzymatic and non-enzymatic defenses, energy metabolic parameters, and genotoxicity. RESULTS We showed that resveratrol prevented the increase in ROS production, the decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and bioenergetics deficit caused by ammonia in C6 astroglial cells. In addition, resveratrol avoided the ammonia-induced upregulation of NOX activity and impairment in enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses. Ammonia also induced DNA damage that was prevented by resveratrol, indicating its genoprotective effect. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our study demonstrates that resveratrol prevents ammonia-induced cytotoxicity, as well as supports the role of resveratrol on mitochondrial/cellular redox functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Daniele Bobermin
- a Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Diogo Onofre Souza
- a Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos-Alberto Gonçalves
- a Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - André Quincozes-Santos
- a Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Toda S, Iguchi Y, Lin Z, Nishikawa H, Nagasawa T, Watanabe H, Minabe Y. Reconsidering Animal Models of Major Depressive Disorder in the Elderly. Front Aging Neurosci 2016; 8:188. [PMID: 27551264 PMCID: PMC4976092 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shigenobu Toda
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Kanazawa UniversityKanazawa, Japan; Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa UniversityKanazawa, Japan; Hokuriku Dementia Professional Physician Training PlanKanazawa, Japan
| | - Yoshio Iguchi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fukushima Medical University Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ziqiao Lin
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Kanazawa University Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiromi Nishikawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Kanazawa University Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nagasawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Kanazawa UniversityKanazawa, Japan; Hokuriku Dementia Professional Physician Training PlanKanazawa, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Watanabe
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshio Minabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Kanazawa UniversityKanazawa, Japan; Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa UniversityKanazawa, Japan; Hokuriku Dementia Professional Physician Training PlanKanazawa, Japan
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Stepanichev MY, Markov DA, Freiman SV, Frolova OA, Omelyanchik SN, Borodina TA, Novikova MR, Kanunnikova NP, Onufriev MV, Moiseenok AG, Gulyaeva NV. Combined treatment with pantothenic acid derivatives and memantine alleviates scopolamine-induced amnesia in rats: The involvement of the thiol redox state and coenzyme A. NEUROCHEM J+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712416020094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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