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Deng X, Tang K, Wang Z, He S, Luo Z. Impacts of Inflammatory Cytokines Variants on Systemic Inflammatory Profile and COVID-19 Severity. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2024; 14:363-378. [PMID: 38376765 PMCID: PMC11176143 DOI: 10.1007/s44197-024-00204-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokine storm is known to impact the prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), since pro-inflammatory cytokine variants are associated with cytokine storm. It is tempting to speculate that pro-inflammatory cytokines variants may impact COVID-19 outcomes by modulating cytokine storm. Here, we verified this hypothesis via a comprehensive analysis. METHODS PubMed, Cochrane Library, Central, CINAHL, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched until December 15, 2023. Case-control or cohort studies that investigated the impacts of rs1800795 or rs1800629 on COVID-19 susceptibility, severity, mortality, IL-6, TNF-α, or CRP levels were included after an anonymous review by two independent reviewers and consultations of disagreement by a third independent reviewer. RESULTS 47 studies (8305 COVID-19 individuals and 17,846 non-COVID-19 individuals) were analyzed. The rs1800629 A allele (adenine at the -308 position of the promoter was encoded by the A allele) was associated with higher levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP). In contrast, the rs1800795 C allele (cytosine at the -174 position of the promoter was encoded by the C allele) was linked to higher levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and CRP. In addition, the A allele of rs1800629 increased the severity and mortality of COVID-19. However, the C allele of rs1800795 only increased COVID-19 susceptibility. CONCLUSIONS rs1800629 and rs1800795 variants of pro-inflammatory cytokines have significant impacts on systemic inflammatory profile and COVID-19 clinical outcomes. rs1800629 may serve as a genetic marker for severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- XueJun Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, 629000, Sichuan, China
| | - Kai Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, 629000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Orthopedic Center 1 Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China.
| | - Suyu He
- The Fourth Department of Digestive Disease Center, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, 629000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhi Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, 629000, Sichuan, China.
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Ullah A, Singla RK, Batool Z, Cao D, Shen B. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines are the game-changers in childhood obesity-associated metabolic disorders (diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases). Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2024:10.1007/s11154-024-09884-y. [PMID: 38709387 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-024-09884-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Childhood obesity is a chronic inflammatory epidemic that affects children worldwide. Obesity affects approximately 1 in 5 children worldwide. Obesity in children can worsen weight gain and raise the risk of obesity-related comorbidities like diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It can also negatively impact the quality of life for these children. Obesity disrupts immune system function, influencing cytokine (interleukins) balance and expression levels, adipokines, and innate and adaptive immune cells. The altered expression of immune system mediators, including interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-17 (IL-17), interleukin-18 (IL-18), transforming growth factor (TGF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and others, caused inflammation, progression, and the development of pediatric obesity and linked illnesses such as diabetes and NAFLD. Furthermore, anti-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-2 (IL-2), have been shown to have anti-diabetes and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) anti-diabetic and pro-NAFLFD properties, and interleukin-10 (IL-10) has been shown to have a dual role in managing diabetes and anti-NAFLD. In light of the substantial increase in childhood obesity-associated disorders such as diabetes and NAFLD and the absence of an effective pharmaceutical intervention to inhibit immune modulation factors, it is critical to consider the alteration of immune system components as a preventive and therapeutic approach. Thus, the current review focuses on the most recent information regarding the influence of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukins) and their molecular mechanisms on pediatric obesity-associated disorders (diabetes and NAFLD). Furthermore, we discussed the current therapeutic clinical trials in childhood obesity-associated diseases, diabetes, and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Ullah
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center of West China Hospital and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rajeev K Singla
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center of West China Hospital and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, 144411, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Zahra Batool
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center of West China Hospital and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Cao
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center of West China Hospital and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bairong Shen
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center of West China Hospital and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Bairqdar A, Shakhtshneider E, Ivanoshchuk D, Mikhailova S, Kashtanova E, Shramko V, Polonskaya Y, Ragino Y. Rare Variants of Obesity-Associated Genes in Young Adults with Abdominal Obesity. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1500. [PMID: 37888112 PMCID: PMC10608506 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13101500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase in the prevalence of overweight, obesity and associated diseases is a serious problem. The aim of the study was to identify rare variants in obesity-associated genes in young adults with abdominal obesity in our population and to analyze information about these variants in other populations. Targeted high-throughput sequencing of obesity-associated genes was performed (203 young adults with an abdominal obesity phenotype). In our study, all of the 203 young adults with abdominal obesity had some rare variant in the genes associated with obesity. The widest range of rare and common variants was presented in ADIPOQ, FTO, GLP1R, GHRL, and INS genes. The use of targeted sequencing and clinical criteria makes it possible to identify carriers of rare clinically significant variants in a wide range of obesity-associated genes and to investigate their influence on phenotypic manifestations of abdominal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Bairqdar
- Federal Research Center, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.B.)
- Department of Genetics, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str., 1, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena Shakhtshneider
- Federal Research Center, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.B.)
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine, Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Bogatkova Str. 175/1, 630004 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Dinara Ivanoshchuk
- Federal Research Center, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.B.)
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine, Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Bogatkova Str. 175/1, 630004 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana Mikhailova
- Federal Research Center, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.B.)
| | - Elena Kashtanova
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine, Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Bogatkova Str. 175/1, 630004 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Viktoriya Shramko
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine, Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Bogatkova Str. 175/1, 630004 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yana Polonskaya
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine, Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Bogatkova Str. 175/1, 630004 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yuliya Ragino
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine, Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Bogatkova Str. 175/1, 630004 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Zhang X, Ha S, Lau HCH, Yu J. Excess body weight: Novel insights into its roles in obesity comorbidities. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 92:16-27. [PMID: 36965839 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Excess body weight is a global health problem due to sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy diet, affecting 2 billion population worldwide. Obesity is a major risk factor for metabolic diseases. Notably, the metabolic risk of obesity largely depends on body weight distribution, of which visceral adipose tissues but not subcutaneous fats are closely associated with obesity comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancer. Latest multi-omics and mechanistical studies reported the crucial involvement of genetic and epigenetic alterations, adipokines dysregulation, immunity changes, imbalance of white and brown adipose tissues, and gut microbial dysbiosis in mediating the pathogenic association between visceral adipose tissues and comorbidities. In this review, we explore the epidemiology of excess body weight and the up-to-date mechanism of how excess body weight and obesity lead to chronic complications. We also examine the utilization of visceral fat measurement as an accurate clinical parameter for risk assessment in healthy individuals and clinical outcome prediction in obese subjects. In addition, current approaches for the prevention and treatment of excess body weight and its related metabolic comorbidities are further discussed. DATA AVAILABILITY: No data was used for the research described in the article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Disease and the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Suki Ha
- Institute of Digestive Disease and the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Harry Cheuk-Hay Lau
- Institute of Digestive Disease and the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
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Kim W, Jin Oh S, Thi Trinh N, Yeon Gil J, Ah Choi I, Hyoun Kim J, Hee Kim J, Jung JY, Kim J, Kim HA, Eun Lee K. Effects of RETN polymorphisms on treatment response in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving TNF-α inhibitors and utilization of machine-learning algorithms. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109094. [PMID: 35914450 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effects of polymorphisms in RETN on remission in RA patients receiving TNF-α inhibitors. In addition, machine learning algorithms were trained to predict remission. Ten single-nucleotide polymorphisms were investigated. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to evaluate associations between genetic polymorphisms and the efficacy of TNF-α inhibitors. A random forest-based classification approach was used to assess the importance of different variables associated with the efficacy of TNF-α inhibitors. Various machine learning methods were used for finding vital factors and prediction of remission. The eight most significant features included in the multivariable analysis were sex, age, hypertension, sulfasalazine, rs1862513, rs3219178, rs3219177, and rs3745369. T-allele carriers of rs3219177 and males showed approximately 6.0- and 3.6-fold higher remission rates compared to those with the CC genotype and females, respectively. The elastic net algorithm was the best machine-learning method for predicting remission of patients with RA treated with TNF-α inhibitors. On the basis of the results of this study, it may be possible to design individually tailored treatment regimens to predict the efficacy of TNF-α inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woorim Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, 660-1, Yeonje-ri, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jin Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, 660-1, Yeonje-ri, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Nga Thi Trinh
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, 660-1, Yeonje-ri, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yeon Gil
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, 660-1, Yeonje-ri, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - In Ah Choi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Hospital, 776, 1sunhwan-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyoun Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Hospital, 776, 1sunhwan-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hee Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, 164 Worldcup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Yang Jung
- Department of Rheumatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, 164 Worldcup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, 14, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoun-Ah Kim
- Department of Rheumatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, 164 Worldcup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, 14, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung Eun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, 660-1, Yeonje-ri, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si 28160, Republic of Korea.
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Nezhadali M, Mesbah-Namin SA, Hedayati M, Akbarzadeh M, Najd Hassan Bonab L, Daneshpour MS. Serum adiponectin and cortisol levels are not affected by studied ADIPOQ gene variants: Tehran lipid and glucose study. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:104. [PMID: 35436947 PMCID: PMC9016932 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01020-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a major public health concern in developed and even developing countries worldwide. Adiponectin is a protein secreted by adipose tissue that modulates many metabolic processes and plays a vital role in obesity. This study aimed to determine the association of four variants of the ADIPOQ gene with serum adiponectin, cortisol levels and obesity status. METHODS This case-control study was performed on 164 obese individuals compared by 156 control from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS). Standard procedures obtained anthropometric measures and metabolic parameters. Cortisol and adiponectin levels were measured by ELISA method. rs1501299, rs266729, rs17300539, and rs17366743 on the ADIPOQ gene were genotyped using the PCR-RFLP. The correlation between adiponectin gene SNPs and obesity were calculated by Additive, dominant, and recessive genetic models. Pearson's or Spearman's found correlations between adiponectin levels and metabolic and anthropometric variables. Data were analyzed using SPSS software Version 20. RESULTS Adiponectin and cortisol levels were significantly lower in obese subjects compared to the control group (p < 0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between serum adiponectin level and BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio, hip circumference (HC), Fasting blood sugar (FBS) Triglyceride (TG), Total cholesterol (TC), Systolic blood pressure (SBP), Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (r = - 0.147, r = - 0.324, r = 0.371, r = - 0.179, r = - 0.299, r = - 0.277, r = - 0.041, r = - 0.134, and r = - 0.149, respectively). A positive correlation was found between adiponectin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (r = 0.29), but no significant correlations were found between adiponectin and Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) and cortisol. ADIPOQ variant rs1501299 was significantly associated with cortisol levels in subjects with BMI ≥ 25 (P-value =0.039). CONCLUSIONS Adiponectin and cortisol levels were associated with obesity. No ADIPOQ gene variants and haplotypes were associated with cortisol, Adiponectin, and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Nezhadali
- Department of Biology, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, Iran
| | - Seyed Alireza Mesbah-Namin
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Akbarzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Najd Hassan Bonab
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam S Daneshpour
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
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Panera N, Mandato C, Crudele A, Bertrando S, Vajro P, Alisi A. Genetics, epigenetics and transgenerational transmission of obesity in children. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1006008. [PMID: 36452324 PMCID: PMC9704419 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1006008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sedentary lifestyle and consumption of high-calorie foods have caused a relentless increase of overweight and obesity prevalence at all ages. Its presently epidemic proportion is disquieting due to the tight relationship of obesity with metabolic syndrome and several other comorbidities which do call for urgent workarounds. The usual ineffectiveness of present therapies and failure of prevention campaigns triggered overtime a number of research studies which have unveiled some relevant aspects of obesity genetic and epigenetic inheritable profiles. These findings are revealing extremely precious mainly to serve as a likely extra arrow to allow the clinician's bow to achieve still hitherto unmet preventive goals. Evidence now exists that maternal obesity/overnutrition during pregnancy and lactation convincingly appears associated with several disorders in the offspring independently of the transmission of a purely genetic predisposition. Even the pre-conception direct exposure of either father or mother gametes to environmental factors can reprogram the epigenetic architecture of cells. Such phenomena lie behind the transfer of the obesity susceptibility to future generations through a mechanism of epigenetic inheritance. Moreover, a growing number of studies suggests that several environmental factors such as maternal malnutrition, hypoxia, and exposure to excess hormones and endocrine disruptors during pregnancy and the early postnatal period may play critical roles in programming childhood adipose tissue and obesity. A deeper understanding of how inherited genetics and epigenetics may generate an obesogenic environment at pediatric age might strengthen our knowledge about pathogenetic mechanisms and improve the clinical management of patients. Therefore, in this narrative review, we attempt to provide a general overview of the contribution of heritable genetic and epigenetic patterns to the obesity susceptibility in children, placing a particular emphasis on the mother-child dyad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Panera
- Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Mandato
- Pediatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salermo, Italy
- *Correspondence: Anna Alisi, ; Claudia Mandato,
| | - Annalisa Crudele
- Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Bertrando
- Pediatrics Clinic, San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona University Hospital, Salerno, Italy
| | - Pietro Vajro
- Pediatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salermo, Italy
| | - Anna Alisi
- Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Anna Alisi, ; Claudia Mandato,
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Amaral GA, Alves JD, Honorio-França AC, Fagundes DL, Araujo GG, Lobato NS, Lima VV, Giachini FR. Interleukin 1-beta is Linked to Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Overweight Adolescents. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 20:887-894. [PMID: 31738140 DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666191116141159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM We hypothesized that IL-1β concentrations are augmented in overweight adolescents, who do not display metabolic syndrome. Additionally, we aimed to correlate the IL-1β concentrations with several established risk factors for CVD. METHODS Overweight or control subjects, aging from 14-18 years, were classified according to their adjusted body mass index and evaluated for biochemical and anthropometric parameters. The proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β was assessed in the serum. RESULTS Increased body fat percentage, waist circumference, triglycerides, total cholesterol, Very Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol, Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, Castelli I index, IL-1β, and IL-8 levels, were observed in overweight adolescents. No differences were observed in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, glucose or High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Positive correlations between IL-1β with anthropometric and or biochemical parameters were found. CONCLUSION In conclusion, increased IL-1β levels correlate to dyslipidemic factors and may further support low-grade inflammation. IL-1β may further predict the early onset of cardiovascular disease in this population, taking into consideration its important regulatory role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisele A Amaral
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garcas, MT, Brazil.,UNIVAR – Araguaia Valley University Center, Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil
| | - Josilene D Alves
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garcas, MT, Brazil
| | - Adenilda C Honorio-França
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garcas, MT, Brazil
| | - Danny L Fagundes
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garcas, MT, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Gomes Araujo
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garcas, MT, Brazil
| | - Nubia S Lobato
- Department of Biological Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Physiology, Federal University of Goias, Jatai, Brazil
| | - Victor V Lima
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garcas, MT, Brazil
| | - Fernanda R Giachini
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garcas, MT, Brazil
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Genetic polymorphisms associated with obesity in the Arab world: a systematic review. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:1899-1913. [PMID: 34131278 PMCID: PMC8380539 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00867-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity, one of the most common chronic health conditions worldwide, is a multifactorial disease caused by complex genetic and environmental interactions. Several association studies have revealed a considerable number of candidate loci for obesity; however, the genotype-phenotype correlations remain unclear. To date, no comprehensive systematic review has been conducted to investigate the genetic risk factors for obesity among Arabs. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to systematically review the genetic polymorphisms that are significantly associated with obesity in Arabs. METHODS We searched four literature databases (PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar) from inception until May 2020 to obtain all reported genetic data related to obesity in Arab populations. Quality assessment and data extraction were performed individually by three investigators. RESULTS In total, 59 studies comprising a total of 15,488 cases and 9,760 controls were included in the systematic review. A total of 76 variants located within or near 49 genes were reported to be significantly associated with obesity. Among the 76 variants, two were described as unique to Arabs, as they have not been previously reported in other populations, and 19 were reported to be distinctively associated with obesity in Arabs but not in non-Arab populations. CONCLUSIONS There appears to be a unique genetic and clinical susceptibility profile of obesity in Arab patients.
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Aouizerat BE, Byun E, Pullinger CR, Gay C, Lerdal A, Lee KA. Sleep disruption and duration are associated with variants in genes involved in energy homeostasis in adults with HIV/AIDS. Sleep Med 2020; 82:84-95. [PMID: 33906044 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether selected genes and plasma markers involved in energy homeostasis are associated with sleep disruption or duration in adults with HIV/AIDS. METHODS A sample of 289 adults with HIV/AIDS wore a wrist actigraph for 72 h to estimate total sleep time (TST) and wake after sleep onset (WASO). Twenty-three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) spanning 5 energy homeostasis genes (adiponectin [ADIPOQ], ghrelin [GHRL], leptin [LEP], peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha [PPARA], and -gamma [PPARG]) were genotyped using a custom array. Plasma markers of energy homeostasis (adiponectin, ghrelin, leptin) were measured by commercial multiplex assay. RESULTS After adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics (race/ethnicity, gender, CD4 cell count, waist circumference, medications), both WASO and TST were associated with SNPs in ADIPOQ (rs182052), LEP (rs10244329, rs3828942), PPARA (rs135551, rs4253655), and PPARG (rs709151). Additional SNPs in ADIPOQ were associated with WASO (rs1501299, rs3821799, rs6773957) and TST (rs2241766). TST was also associated with SNPs in GHRL (rs26802), LEP (rs11760956), PPARA (rs135547, rs8138102, rs4253776), and PPARG (rs12490265, rs796313). Many covariate-adjusted associations involved a significant interaction with markers of HIV (viral load, years since diagnosis). Among plasma markers, higher adiponectin was associated with less WASO, higher ghrelin and glucose levels with shorter TST, and higher leptin with longer TST. CONCLUSIONS Replication of SNPs in all five genes and three plasma markers of energy homeostasis were associated with objective sleep measures. HIV disease influenced many of the associations. Findings strengthen evidence for associations between energy homeostasis genetics and poor sleep, and provide direction for pharmacological intervention research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley E Aouizerat
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University, NY, USA; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University, NY, USA.
| | - Eeeseung Byun
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Clive R Pullinger
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Caryl Gay
- Department of Family Health Care Nursing, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Patient Safety and Research, Lovisenberg Diakonale Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anners Lerdal
- Department of Patient Safety and Research, Lovisenberg Diakonale Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Kathryn A Lee
- Department of Family Health Care Nursing, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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11
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Fontes VS, Mateus K, Netto MP, Oliveira RMS, Machado-Coelho GLL, Cândido APC. Analysis of the chemerin and resistin adipokines in children and adolescents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 66:300-306. [PMID: 32520149 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.66.3.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the serum concentrations of adipokines resistin and chemerin in children and adolescents with eutrophic and overweight and to evaluate their relationship with anthropometric, biochemical, and blood pressure variables. METHODS a cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted with 234 students enrolled in public elementary schools in the city of Juiz de Fora / MG. Anthropometric evaluation, biochemistry, and blood pressure measurement were performed. Statistical analyzes included the Student-t or Mann-Whitney tests, Pearson or Spearman correlation, used according to the distribution of the variables, and linear regression analysis, by means of the evaluation of the effect of the independent variables on the serum levels of chemerin and resistin, adjusted for age and sex. For the data analysis, SPSS® software version 21.0 and STATA® version 10.1 were used, assuming a significance level of 5%. RESULTS the concentrations of chemerin were higher in eutrophic individuals than in those with excess weight (p> 0.05). In contrast, levels of resistin were higher in the young with excess weight than in the eutrophic ones (p <0.05). In the multiple linear regression analysis, the levels of chemerin were associated with the values of resistin, systolic, and diastolic blood pressure. Resistance levels maintained association only with BMI and chemerin values. CONCLUSION the adipokines analyzed presented a distinct profile in the groups of children and adolescents with eutrophic and overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa S Fontes
- .Doutoranda em Saúde Coletiva, Departamento de Nutrição, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
| | - Kácia Mateus
- . Técnica em Nutrição, Departamento de Nutrição, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
| | - Michele P Netto
- . Docente, Departamento de Nutrição, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
| | - Renata M S Oliveira
- . Docente, Departamento de Nutrição, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
| | | | - Ana Paula C Cândido
- . Docente, Departamento de Nutrição, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
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Divella R, Daniele A, DE Luca R, Mazzocca A, Ruggieri E, Savino E, Casamassima P, Simone M, Sabba C, Paradiso A. Synergism of Adipocytokine Profile and ADIPOQ/TNF-α Polymorphisms in NAFLD-associated MetS Predict Colorectal Liver Metastases Outgrowth. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2020; 16:519-530. [PMID: 31659105 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the altered profile of adipocytokine and genetic fingerprint in NAFLD-associated metabolic syndrome "cluster" represents synergistic risk factors predicting onset of liver colorectal cancer metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 165 colorectal cancer patients were enrolled, 56,3% were with metabolic syndrome/NAFLD. Serum samples were assayed for ADIPOQ, leptin and TNF-a levels by ELISA. ADIPOQ rs266729 C/G and TNF-308 A/G genotypes were analyzed in DNA isolated from whole blood. RESULTS Reduction in adiponectin levels and increase in leptin and TNF-α was shown in patients with liver metastases. This trend was influenced by BMI, MetS/NAFLD, and insulin resistance. ADIPOQ G rs266729 and TNF- 308 A allele are associated with obesity, MetS/NAFLD and insulin resistance. ADIPOQ CG/GG and GA/AA TNF-alpha genotypes confer susceptibility to liver metastases. CONCLUSION Obesity and hepatic steatosis significantly favor the development of colorectal cancer liver metastases and the individual adipocytokines genetic profile may play an important predictive role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Divella
- Institutional BioBank, Experimental Oncology and Biobank Management Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Daniele
- Institutional BioBank, Experimental Oncology and Biobank Management Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Raffaele DE Luca
- Department of Surgery Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Mazzocca
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy
| | - Eustachio Ruggieri
- Department of Surgery Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Eufemia Savino
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Porzia Casamassima
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Simone
- Department of Surgery Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo Sabba
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Paradiso
- Institutional BioBank, Experimental Oncology and Biobank Management Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
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Corbi G, Polito R, Monaco ML, Cacciatore F, Scioli M, Ferrara N, Daniele A, Nigro E. Adiponectin Expression and Genotypes in Italian People with Severe Obesity Undergone a Hypocaloric Diet and Physical Exercise Program. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092195. [PMID: 31547312 PMCID: PMC6769478 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin exerts positive effects on metabolic and inflammatory processes. Adiponectin levels and some single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) seem to be associated with obesity. Here, we investigated the effects of a 4-week Hypocaloric diet and Physical exercise Program (HPP) on 268 young people with severe obesity. We evaluated the relationship between adiponectin levels and anthropometric and biochemical parameters, at baseline and after a 4-week HPP. Finally, we investigated some adiponectin gene variants and their correlation to biochemical parameters. Adiponectin levels were statistically lower in people with severe obesity than in controls. At the end of the HPP, all the people with severe obesity showed a Body Mass Index (BMI) reduction with a statistically significant increase in adiponectin levels. Genotyping, the adiponectin gene demonstrated a significant difference in 3 polymorphisms within the people with severe obesity. Besides, c.11377C>G and c.11391G>A homozygous subjects experienced more advantages by HPP. Furthermore, c.268G>A heterozygous subjects showed an enhancement in lipid profile as well in adiponectin levels. The best predictor of the changes in adiponectin levels was represented by the c.268G>A WT allele. Our study confirmed that a 4-weeks HPP in people with severe obesity results in metabolic amelioration associated with a significant increase of adiponectin levels. Importantly, we found that a specific genetic background in the ADIPOQ gene can predispose toward a more significant weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziamaria Corbi
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze della Salute, Università del Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Rita Polito
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Cacciatore
- Dipartimento di scienze mediche traslazionali, Università di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Michelina Scioli
- Laboratorio della valutazione della complessità clinica, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri Spa SB, 82037 Telese, Italy
| | - Nicola Ferrara
- Dipartimento di scienze mediche traslazionali, Università di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Napoli, Italy
- Laboratorio della valutazione della complessità clinica, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri Spa SB, 82037 Telese, Italy
| | - Aurora Daniele
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy.
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Ersilia Nigro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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Zafar U, Khaliq S, Ahmad HU, Manzoor S, Lone KP. Metabolic syndrome: an update on diagnostic criteria, pathogenesis, and genetic links. Hormones (Athens) 2018; 17:299-313. [PMID: 30171523 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-018-0051-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), today a major global public health problem, is a cluster of clinical, metabolic, and biochemical abnormalities, such as central adiposity, hypertension, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemias. These MetS-related traits significantly increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, adverse cardiac events, stroke, and hepatic steatosis. The pathogenesis of MetS is multifactorial, with the interplay of environmental, nutritional, and genetic factors. Chronic low-grade inflammation together with visceral adipose tissue, adipocyte dysfunction, and insulin resistance plays a major role in the progression of the syndrome by impairing lipid and glucose homeostasis in insulin-sensitive tissues, such as the liver, muscle, and adipocytes. Adipose-derived inflammatory cytokines and non-esterified fatty acids establish the link between central obesity IR, inflammation, and atherogenesis. Various studies have reported an association between MetS and related traits with single-nucleotide polymorphisms of different susceptibility genes. Modulation of cytokine levels, pro-oxidants, and disturbed energy homeostasis, in relation to the genetic variations, is described in this review of the recent literature, which also provides updated data regarding the epidemiology, diagnostic criteria, and pathogenesis of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Zafar
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
- Department of Physiology, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Saba Khaliq
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Usman Ahmad
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Manzoor
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, NUST, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Khalid P Lone
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Ambroziak M, Kolanowska M, Bartoszewicz Z, Budaj A. Adiponectin gene variants and decreased adiponectin plasma levels are associated with the risk of myocardial infarction in young age. Gene 2018; 642:498-504. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Polymorphisms of the TNF-α gene interact with plasma fatty acids on inflammatory biomarker profile: a population-based, cross-sectional study in São Paulo, Brazil. Br J Nutr 2017. [PMID: 28633686 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114517001416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship of four TNF-α SNP with inflammatory biomarkers and plasma fatty acids (FA), and the interaction among them in a population-based, cross-sectional study in São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 281 subjects, aged >19 and <60 years, participated in a cross-sectional, population-based study performed in Brazil. The following SNP spanning the TNF-α gene were genotyped: -238G/A (rs361525), -308G/A (rs1800629), -857C/T (rs1799724) and -1031T/C (rs1799964). In all, eleven plasma inflammatory biomarkers and plasma FA profile were determined. To analyse the interaction between TNF-α SNP and plasma FA, a cluster analysis was performed to stratify individuals based on eleven inflammatory biomarkers into two groups used as outcome: inflammatory (INF) and non-inflammatory clusters. The -238A allele carriers had higher TNF-α (P=0·033), IL-6 (P=0·013), IL-1β (P=0·037), IL-12 (0·048) and IL-10 (P=0·010) than the GG genotype. The -308A allele carriers also had lower levels of plasma palmitoleic acid (P=0·009), oleic acid (P=0·039), total MUFA (P=0·014), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) activity index-16 (P=0·007), SCD-18 (P=0·020) and higher levels of PUFA (P=0·046) and DHA (P=0·044). Significant interactions modifying the risk of belonging to the INF cluster were observed with inflammatory cluster as outcome between -857C/T and plasma α-linolenic acid (P=0·026), and also between -308G/A and plasma stearic acid (P=0·044) and total SFA (P=0·040). Our study contributes to knowledge on TNF-α SNP and their association with inflammatory biomarker levels, plasma FA and the interaction among them, of particular interest for the Brazilian population.
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de Luis DA, Izaola O, Primo D, de la Fuente B, Mulero I, Aller R. The rs1862513 Variant in Resistin Gene-Modified Insulin Resistance and Insulin Levels after Weight Loss Secondary to Hypocaloric Diet. ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2017; 69:256-262. [PMID: 28064279 DOI: 10.1159/000453676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Polymorphisms of a single nucleotide in RETN have been associated with indexes of insulin resistance. Our aim was to analyze the effects of the rs1862513 RETN gene polymorphism on insulin resistance, insulin levels, and resistin levels changes after 3 months of a low-fat hypocaloric diet. DESIGN A Caucasian population of 133 obese patients was analyzed before and after 3 months on a low-fat hypocaloric diet. RESULTS Fifty-six patients (42.1%) had the genotype GG (wild group) and 77 (57.9%) patients had the other genotypes; GC (59 patients, 44.4%) or CC (18 patients, 13.5%; mutant group). In wild and mutant genotype groups, weight, body mass index, fat mass, waist circumference, and systolic blood pressure decreased. In the wild genotype group, the decrease in total cholesterol was -13.1 ± 25.3 mg/dL (vs. -4.4 ± 13.7 mg/dL in mutant group: p = 0.004 for group deltas), low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol was -13.0 ± 21.5 mg/dL (-4.3 ± 10.5 mg/dL: p = 0.007), glucose -7.2 ± 3.5 mg/dL (-0.8 ± 0.2 mg/dL: p = 0.01), insulin -5.6 ± 2.5 mUI/L (-2.9 ± 1.2 mUI/L: p = 0.03) and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) -2.5 ± 1.1 (-0.6 ± 1.4: p = 0.02). Leptin levels decreased in both genotypes (-10.1 ± 9.5 ng/dL in wild type group vs. -13.1 ± 0.2 ng/dL in mutant type group: p > 0.05). CONCLUSION The present study suggests that the G/G genotype of RETN rs1862513 could be a predictor of the reduction of HOMA-IR, insulin, fasting glucose and LDL cholesterol secondary to a hypocaloric diet in obese subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Antonio de Luis
- Center of Investigation of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Medicine School and Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Hospital Clinico Universitario, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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