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De Oliveira L, Korkes H, Rizzo MD, Siaulys MM, Cordioli E. Magnesium sulfate in preeclampsia: Broad indications, not only in neurological symptoms. Pregnancy Hypertens 2024; 36:101126. [PMID: 38669914 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2024.101126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The role of magnesium sulfate for treatment of eclampsia is well established. The medication proved to be superior to other anticonvulsants to reduce the incidence of recurrent convulsions among women with eclampsia. Additionally, magnesium sulfate has been indicated for women with preeclampsia with different severe features. However, despite these recommendations, many clinicians are still not confident with the use of magnesium sulfate, even in settings with high incidence of preeclampsia and unacceptable rates of maternal mortality. This review brings basic science and clinical information to endorse recommendations to encourage clinicians to use magnesium sulfate for patients with all severe features of preeclampsia, not only for women with neurological symptoms. Additionally, other benefits of magnesium sulfate in anesthesia and fetal neuroprotection are also presented. Finally, a comprehensive algorithm presents recommendations to manage patients with preeclampsia with severe features between 34 and 36+6 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro De Oliveira
- Hospital e Maternidade Santa Joana, Centro de Ensino, Pesquisa e Inovação, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
| | - Henri Korkes
- Hospital e Maternidade Santa Joana, Centro de Ensino, Pesquisa e Inovação, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina de Rizzo
- Hospital e Maternidade Santa Joana, Centro de Ensino, Pesquisa e Inovação, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica Maria Siaulys
- Hospital e Maternidade Santa Joana, Centro de Ensino, Pesquisa e Inovação, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Cordioli
- Hospital e Maternidade Santa Joana, Centro de Ensino, Pesquisa e Inovação, São Paulo, Brazil
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Gajić M, Schröder-Heurich B, Mayer-Pickel K. Deciphering the immunological interactions: targeting preeclampsia with Hydroxychloroquine's biological mechanisms. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1298928. [PMID: 38375029 PMCID: PMC10875033 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1298928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a complex pregnancy-related disorder characterized by hypertension, followed by organ dysfunction and uteroplacental abnormalities. It remains a major cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although the pathophysiology of PE has not been fully elucidated, a two-stage model has been proposed. In this model, a poorly perfused placenta releases various factors into the maternal circulation during the first stage, including pro-inflammatory cytokines, anti-angiogenic factors, and damage-associated molecular patterns into the maternal circulation. In the second stage, these factors lead to a systemic vascular dysfunction with consecutive clinical maternal and/or fetal manifestations. Despite advances in feto-maternal management, effective prophylactic and therapeutic options for PE are still lacking. Since termination of pregnancy is the only curative therapy, regardless of gestational age, new treatment/prophylactic options are urgently needed. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is mainly used to treat malaria as well as certain autoimmune conditions such as systemic lupus and rheumatoid arthritis. The exact mechanism of action of HCQ is not fully understood, but several mechanisms of action have been proposed based on its pharmacological properties. Interestingly, many of them might counteract the proposed processes involved in the development of PE. Therefore, based on a literature review, we aimed to investigate the interrelated biological processes of HCQ and PE and to identify potential molecular targets in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Gajić
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Abdel-Hamid AAM, Mesbah Y, Soliman MFM, Firgany AEDL. Dominance of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Over Anti-Inflammatory Ones in Placental Bed of Creta Cases. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2024; 12:14-20. [PMID: 38633568 PMCID: PMC11019593 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_76_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of the study is to investigate changes occurring in key inflammatory cytokines at molecular level (including genetic and protein) in placental bed of placenta creta compared to that of normal placenta and their correlation to interstitial extravillous trophoblasts (EVT) number. Subjects and Methods Case-control study including placentas of patients with invasive placentation (creta placentas, n = 19) compared with those of normal placentation (n = 19). Besides routine histology and immunocytochemistry detection (cytokeratin-7 [CK-7]), addition to biochemical evaluation of expression of various cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL6, IL-1RA, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-13 was carried out. Results Routine histological examination of placentas of creta cases revealed CK-7+ extravillous trophoblasts (EVT) penetrating deeply the myometrium with various histopathological arrangements and trophoblastic vascular invasion of the deep myometrial blood vessels. A significant increase (P < 0.05) in the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1 β, and IL6 with an insignificant decrease in placental bed IL-1RA, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-13 was observed in creta cases compared to the control ones. A corresponding significant increase was detected in the protein levels of TNF-α, IL-1 β, and IL-6 as well as an insignificant decrease in placental bed IL-1RA, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-13 in creta cases compared to the normal ones. Moreover, we displayed a significant positive correlation (P < 0.05) between interstitial EVT number and mRNA expression of almost all pro-inflammatory cytokines with negative but insignificant correlation with anti-inflammatory cytokines in creta cases. Conclusion The upregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines and the correlation of their expression with the increased interstitial EVT provide a supporting evidence of their potentially more relevant role in the development of placenta creta than the anti-inflammatory ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A. M. Abdel-Hamid
- Department of Anatomy, Taibah College of Medicine, Taibah University, Almadina Almonawara, Medina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Yaser Mesbah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mona F. M. Soliman
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Alaa El-Din L. Firgany
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Unaizah College of Medicine, Qassim University, Unaizah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Atallah M, Yamashita T, Hu X, Hu X, Abe K. Edaravone Confers Neuroprotective, Anti-inflammatory, and Antioxidant Effects on the Fetal Brain of a Placental-ischemia Mouse Model. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2023; 18:640-656. [PMID: 37924374 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-023-10095-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) is a well-established model which mimics many clinical features of preeclampsia (PE). Edaravone is a free radical scavenger with neuroprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects against different models of cerebral ischemia. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the different potential mechanisms through which PE affects fetal brain development using our previously established RUPP-placental ischemia mouse model. In addition, we investigated the neuroprotective effect of edaravone against the RUPP-induced fetal brain development alterations. On gestation day (GD) 13, pregnant mice were divided into four groups; sham (SV), edaravone (SE), RUPP (RV), and RUPP+edaravone (RE). SV and SE groups underwent sham surgeries, however, RV and RE groups were subjected to RUPP surgery via bilateral uterine ligation. Edaravone (3mg/kg) was injected via tail i.v. injection from GD 14-18. The fetal brains from different groups were collected on GD 18 and subjected to further investigations. The results showed that RUPP altered the structure of fetal brain cortex, induced neurodegeneration, increased the expression of the investigated pro-inflammatory markers; TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and MMP-9. RUPP resulted in microglial and astrocyte activation in the fetal brains, in addition to upregulation of Hif-1α and iNOS. Edaravone conferred a neuroprotective effect via alleviating the inflammatory response, restoring the neuronal structure and decreasing oxidative stress in the developing fetal brain. In conclusion, RUPP-placental ischemia mouse model could be a useful tool to further understand the underlying mechanisms of PE-induced child neuronal alterations. Edaravone could be a potential adjuvant therapy during PE to protect the developing fetal brain. The current study investigated the effects of a placenta-induced ischemia mouse model using reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) surgery on the fetal brain development and the potential neuroprotective effects of the drug edaravone. The study found that the RUPP model caused neurodegeneration and a pro-inflammatory response in the developing fetal brain, as well as hypoxia and oxidative stress. However, maternal injection of edaravone showed a strong ability to protect against these detrimental effects and target multiple pathways associated with neuronal damage. The current study suggests that the RUPP model could be useful for further study of the impact of preeclampsia on fetal brain development and that edaravone may have potential as a therapy for protecting against this damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Atallah
- Vertebrates Comparative Anatomy and Embryology, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shibin El-Koom, Egypt.
| | - Toru Yamashita
- Department of Neurology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Neurology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Xinran Hu
- Department of Neurology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Koji Abe
- Department of Neurology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
- National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), National Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhang X, Sun L. Inhibiting HNF4A suppresses inflammation whilst promoting trophoblast invasion and migration: A promising target for the treatment of preeclampsia. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 386:110752. [PMID: 37806381 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a complex disease of pregnancy, and an important cause of this disease is insufficient trophoblast invasion and migration. However, the underlying mechanism of PE remains largely unknown. Here, transcriptome sequencing analysis found the high expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4A) in PE placentas. Meanwhile, we found that HNF4A expression was up-regulated in the placentas of PE patients. Thus, we assumed that HNF4A might be involved in PE progression. To validate our hypothesis, l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated rats were used to mimic the pathological status of PE in vivo. Consistently, HTR8/SVneo cells were treated with hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) or LPS to simulate PE progression in vitro. The results observed an increase in elevated urine protein levels, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP), which indicated that the PE-like rat model was successfully established. Meanwhile, the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β was increased in PE placentas. HTR8/SVneo cells were used to further explore the underlying mechanism of PE in vitro. H/R conditions up-regulated the acetylation level of HNF4A. Further analysis showed that HNF4A overexpression inhibited trophoblast invasion and migration, while HNF4A knockdown promoted the progression. Additionally, inhibiting HNF4A was found to reduce the levels of IL-6 and IL-1β secretion in HTR8/SVneo cells following H/R or LPS exposure. Conclusively, these findings suggest that inhibiting HNF4A suppresses inflammation whilst promoting trophoblast invasion and migration in PE, providing a promising target for the treatment of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.
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Gajić M, Schröder-Heurich B, Horvat Mercnik M, Cervar-Zivkovic M, Wadsack C, von Versen-Höynck F, Mayer-Pickel K. The Impact of Hydroxychloroquine on Primary Feto-Placental Endothelial Cells from Healthy and Early-Onset Preeclamptic Placentas. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10934. [PMID: 37446111 PMCID: PMC10341411 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), an anti-malarial drug, is suggested as a promising candidate for the treatment of pregnancy-related disorders associated with endothelial activation, among which there is preeclampsia (PE). Arterial feto-placental endothelial cells (fpECAs) were isolated from control (CTR) and early-onset preeclamptic (EO-PE) placentas. The aim of this study was to test potential protective effects of HCQ in an in vitro model of endothelial activation as well as in cells isolated from EO-PE placentas. To mimic PE conditions, CTR fpECAs were exposed to a pro-inflammatory environment consisting of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β (furtherly referred as MIX) with or without varying concentrations of HCQ (1 µg/mL and 10 µg/mL). Their effect on wound healing and endothelial barrier integrity was analyzed. Variations in the expression of IL-8 and leukocyte adhesion molecules (LAM) on both mRNA and protein levels were determined between CTR and PE fpECAs in the presence or absence of HCQ. MIX decreased wound healing and stability of the endothelial barrier, but HCQ did not affect it. Significant differences between CTR and EO-PE fpECAs were observed in IL-8 mRNA, protein secretion, and vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (VCAM-1) mRNA expression levels. After challenging CTR fpECAs with MIX, upregulation of both mRNA and protein levels was observed in all molecules. Combined treatment of HCQ and MIX slightly lowered VCAM-1 total protein amount. In CTR fpECAs, treatment with low concentrations of HCQ alone (1 µg/mL) reduced basal levels of IL-8 and VCAM-1 mRNA and secretion of IL-8, while in EO-PE fpECAs, a higher (10µg/mL) HCQ concentration slightly reduced the gene expression of IL-8. Conclusion: These results provide additional support for the safety of HCQ, as it did not adversely affect endothelial functionality in control fpECAs at the tested concentration. Furthermore, the observed limited effects on IL-8 secretion in EO-PE fpECAs warrant further investigation, highlighting the need for clinical trials to assess the potential therapeutic effects of HCQ in preeclampsia. Conducting clinical trials would offer a more comprehensive understanding of HCQ's efficacy and safety, allowing us to explore its potential benefits and limitations in a real-world clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Gajić
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (M.G.); (M.H.M.); (M.C.-Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Bianca Schröder-Heurich
- Gynecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (B.S.-H.); (F.v.V.-H.)
| | - Monika Horvat Mercnik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (M.G.); (M.H.M.); (M.C.-Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Mila Cervar-Zivkovic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (M.G.); (M.H.M.); (M.C.-Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Christian Wadsack
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (M.G.); (M.H.M.); (M.C.-Z.); (C.W.)
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Frauke von Versen-Höynck
- Gynecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (B.S.-H.); (F.v.V.-H.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Karoline Mayer-Pickel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (M.G.); (M.H.M.); (M.C.-Z.); (C.W.)
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Menkhorst E, Santos LL, Zhou W, Yang G, Winship AL, Rainczuk KE, Nguyen P, Zhang JG, Moore P, Williams M, Lê Cao KA, Mansell A, Dimitriadis E. IL11 activates the placental inflammasome to drive preeclampsia. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1175926. [PMID: 37292200 PMCID: PMC10244672 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1175926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Preeclampsia is a life-threatening disorder of pregnancy unique to humans. Interleukin (IL)11 is elevated in serum from pregnancies that subsequently develop early-onset preeclampsia and pharmacological elevation of IL11 in pregnant mice causes the development of early-onset preeclampsia-like features (hypertension, proteinuria, and fetal growth restriction). However, the mechanism by which IL11 drives preeclampsia is unknown. Method Pregnant mice were administered PEGylated (PEG)IL11 or control (PEG) from embryonic day (E)10-16 and the effect on inflammasome activation, systolic blood pressure (during gestation and at 50/90 days post-natal), placental development, and fetal/post-natal pup growth measured. RNAseq analysis was performed on E13 placenta. Human 1st trimester placental villi were treated with IL11 and the effect on inflammasome activation and pyroptosis identified by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. Result PEGIL11 activated the placental inflammasome causing inflammation, fibrosis, and acute and chronic hypertension in wild-type mice. Global and placental-specific loss of the inflammasome adaptor protein Asc and global loss of the Nlrp3 sensor protein prevented PEGIL11-induced fibrosis and hypertension in mice but did not prevent PEGIL11-induced fetal growth restriction or stillbirths. RNA-sequencing and histology identified that PEGIL11 inhibited trophoblast differentiation towards spongiotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast lineages in mice and extravillous trophoblast lineages in human placental villi. Discussion Inhibition of ASC/NLRP3 inflammasome activity could prevent IL11-induced inflammation and fibrosis in various disease states including preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Menkhorst
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Leilani L. Santos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Guannan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Amy L. Winship
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Development and Stem Cells Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Katarzyna E. Rainczuk
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Philana Nguyen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Paddy Moore
- Abortion and Contraception, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michelle Williams
- Biomedical Animal Facility, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kim-Anh Lê Cao
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ashley Mansell
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Evdokia Dimitriadis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Williams CY, Wylie A, Ghobrial V, Coe CL, Short SJ. Racial differences in the associations between adiposity, placental growth hormone and inflammatory cytokines in pregnant women. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1100724. [PMID: 37025401 PMCID: PMC10072229 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1100724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of obesity among women of child-bearing age has contributed to an increased risk of pregnancy complications with a disproportional impact on women of lower socioeconomic status and among certain racial groups. In particular, socio-demographic and historical factors have resulted in higher rates of premature births and small-for-gestational age infants among Black women, which may be associated with placental function during pregnancy. The current study investigated the influence of maternal pre-pregnancy adiposity and race on the associations between inflammatory proteins, placental growth hormone (PGH), and infant birthweight. This information was collected for a subsample of 109 participants (Black, n = 39 vs. White, n = 70) from the Brain and Early Experiences (BEE) study. METHODS Serum samples were acquired late in the second trimester to assess PGH levels, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra). Participant questionnaire responses provided information on pre-pregnancy BMI, health, race, educational attainment, and infant birthweight. Bivariate correlations and multiple linear regression models were utilized to evaluate associations by race between preconception adiposity, inflammatory markers and PGH. RESULTS After controlling for covariates including maternal age and education, gestational age, and fetal sex, regression models indicated that pre-pregnancy BMI was negatively associated with PGH (β=-0.42, p<0.05) and IL-8 was positively associated with PGH (β=0.35, p<0.05) among the Black mothers only; neither were significantly associated with PGH in the White mothers. When extending models to birth outcomes, BMI was positively associated with birthweight corrected for gestational age (BWz) (β=0.24, p<0.05) and educational attainment was negatively associated with BWz (β=0.28, p<0.05) for infants of White women. In contrast, neither variable was predictive of BWz for infants of Black mothers. CONCLUSION Future work is needed to investigate racial differences in the association between adiposity and placental functioning, which are likely to contribute to differential effects on pregnancy outcomes and fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Y. Williams
- Department of Counseling Psychology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Amanda Wylie
- Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Verina Ghobrial
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Christopher L. Coe
- Harlow Center for Biological Psychology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Sarah J. Short
- Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- *Correspondence: Sarah J. Short,
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Combined Effects of Methyldopa and Baicalein or Scutellaria baicalensis Roots Extract on Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, and Expression of Inflammatory and Vascular Disease-Related Factors in Spontaneously Hypertensive Pregnant Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15111342. [PMID: 36355514 PMCID: PMC9694684 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of baicalein or Scutellaria baicalensis root extract interaction with methyldopa in pregnant spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) at the pharmacodynamic, molecular, and biochemical levels. The rats, after confirming pregnancy, received baicalein (200 mg/kg/day, p.o.) and extract (1000 mg/kg/day, p.o.), in combination with methyldopa (400 mg/kg/day; p.o.), for 14 consecutive days, 1 h before blood pressure and heart rate measurements. In the heart and placenta from mothers after giving birth to their offspring, mRNA expression of factors related to inflammatory processes (TNF-α, Il-1β, IL-6) and vascular diseases (TGF-β, HIF-1α, VEGF, PlGF) was measured. Levels of markers of oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde) in the placenta and indicators of myocardial damage (troponin cTnC and cTnI, creatine kinase, myoglobin, and lactate dehydrogenase) in the heart were also assessed. Baicalein co-administered with methyldopa was associated with reduced blood pressure, especially during the first three days. The interactions were more pronounced for such factors as TGF-β, HIF-1α, VEGF, and PlGF than TNF-α, Il-1β, and IL-6. Combined application of baicalein and extract with methyldopa may be of value in the development of a new antihypertensive medication intended for patients suffering from preeclampsia or pregnancy-induced hypertension.
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Placental dysfunction: The core mechanism for poor neurodevelopmental outcomes in the offspring of preeclampsia pregnancies. Placenta 2022; 126:224-232. [PMID: 35872512 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2022.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a leading condition threatening pregnant women and their offspring. The offspring of PE pregnancies have a high risk of poor neurodevelopmental outcomes and neuropsychological diseases later in life. However, the pathophysiology and pathogenesis of poor neurodevelopment remain undetermined. Abnormal placental functions are at the core of most PE cases, and recent research evidence supports that the placenta plays an important role in fetal brain development. Here, we summarize the relationship between abnormal fetal brain development and placental dysfunction in PE conditions, which include the dysfunction of nutrient and gas-waste exchange, impaired angiogenesis stimulation, abnormal neurotransmitter regulation, disrupted special protectors, and immune disorders. All these factors could lead to poor neurodevelopmental outcomes.
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Peraçoli JC, Silva PB, Neves HM, Borges VTM, Abbade JF, Costa RAA, Batista FRG, Peraçoli MTS, Romão-Veiga M. Modulatory effect of two regimens of magnesium sulfate on the systemic inflammatory response in pregnant women with imminent eclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertens 2022; 29:46-53. [PMID: 35728369 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study compared the modulatory effect of two intravenous magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) regimens on the systemic inflammatory response in pregnant women diagnosed with imminent eclampsia. STUDY DESIGN In a single-blind cross-sectional study, 33 women were allocated according to the Zuspan (n = 16) and Sibai (n = 17) MgSO4 regimens, and treated for 24 h. Blood samples were collected pre-administration of the loading dose, at 24 h of the maintenance dose of MgSO4, and at 48 h, when patients were without treatment. Plasma was used to determine interleukin (IL)-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), heat shock protein (Hsp70), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) by ELISA. RESULTS The treatment with the Zuspan's regimen didn't change plasma concentrations of TNF-α, IL-10, and Hsp70 in the three-time points studied. However, it decreased IL-1β at 24 h and 48 h and IL-6 at 48 h, and increased HO-1 concentration at 48 h. On the other hand, compared to the pre-treatment period, Sibai's regimen induced a significant decrease in TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and Hsp70, while increased HO-1 levels both at 24 h and 48 h and, IL-10 concentration at 48 h. CONCLUSIONS Sibai's regimen determined an early and efficient immunoregulatory effect on systemic inflammatory response in preeclampsia, suggesting that the maintenance dose of two grams of MgSO4 was better than one gram in the treatment of imminent eclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- José C Peraçoli
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School and Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Patricia B Silva
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School and Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Haroldo M Neves
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School and Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Vera T M Borges
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School and Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Joelcio F Abbade
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School and Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberto A A Costa
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School and Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda R G Batista
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School and Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria T S Peraçoli
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School and Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Romão-Veiga
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School and Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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12
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Wei Y, Yang L, Pandeya A, Cui J, Zhang Y, Li Z. Pyroptosis-Induced Inflammation and Tissue Damage. J Mol Biol 2022; 434:167301. [PMID: 34653436 PMCID: PMC8844146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell deaths are pathways involving cells playing an active role in their own destruction. Depending on the signaling system of the process, programmed cell death can be divided into two categories, pro-inflammatory and non-inflammatory. Pyroptosis is a pro-inflammatory form of programmed cell death. Upon cell death, a plethora of cytokines are released and trigger a cascade of responses from the neighboring cells. The pyroptosis process is a double-edged sword, could be both beneficial and detrimental in various inflammatory disorders and disease conditions. A physiological outcome of these responses is tissue damage, and sometimes death of the host. In this review, we focus on the inflammatory response triggered by pyroptosis, and resulting tissue damage in selected organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Wei
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Ankit Pandeya
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jian Cui
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou,China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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13
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Menkhorst E, Than NG, Jeschke U, Barrientos G, Szereday L, Dveksler G, Blois SM. Medawar's PostEra: Galectins Emerged as Key Players During Fetal-Maternal Glycoimmune Adaptation. Front Immunol 2022; 12:784473. [PMID: 34975875 PMCID: PMC8715898 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.784473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lectin-glycan interactions, in particular those mediated by the galectin family, regulate many processes required for a successful pregnancy. Over the past decades, increasing evidence gathered from in vitro and in vivo experiments indicate that members of the galectin family specifically bind to both intracellular and membrane bound carbohydrate ligands regulating angiogenesis, immune-cell adaptations required to tolerate the fetal semi-allograft and mammalian embryogenesis. Therefore, galectins play important roles in fetal development and placentation contributing to maternal and fetal health. This review discusses the expression and role of galectins during the course of pregnancy, with an emphasis on maternal immune adaptions and galectin-glycan interactions uncovered in the recent years. In addition, we summarize the galectin fingerprints associated with pathological gestation with particular focus on preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Menkhorst
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Gynaecological Research Centre, The Women's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nandor Gabor Than
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enyzmology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Gabriela Barrientos
- Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental, Hospital Alemán-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laszlo Szereday
- Medical School, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Gabriela Dveksler
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Sandra M Blois
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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14
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW It is well established that controlled immune activation and balance is critical for women's reproductive health and successful pregnancy outcomes. Research in recent decades in both clinical and animal studies has demonstrated that aberrant immune activation and inflammation play a role in the development and progression of women's reproductive health and pregnancy-related disorders. Inflammasomes are multi-protein cytoplasmic complexes that mediate immune activation. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the role of inflammasome activation in pregnancy-related disorders. RECENT FINDINGS Increased activation of inflammasome is associated with multiple women's health reproductive disorders and pregnancy-associated disorders, including preeclampsia (PreE). Inflammasome activation is also associated with the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease caused by the SARS-Cov-2 virus. We and others have observed a positive association between increased PreE incidences with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we present our recent data indicating increased inflammasome activation, represented by caspase-1 activity, in women with COVID-19 and PreE compared to normotensive pregnant women COVID-19. The role of inflammation in pregnancy-related disorders is an area of intense research interest. With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated increase in PreE observed clinically, there is a greater need to identify mechanisms of pathophysiology and targets to treat this maternal disorder. Inflammasome activation is associated with PreE and COVID-19 infection and may hold therapeutic potential to improve outcomes associated with PreE and curb the morbidity attributed to PreE.
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15
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Shan Y, Chen Y, Brkić J, Fournier L, Ma H, Peng C. miR-218-5p Induces Interleukin-1β and Endovascular Trophoblast Differentiation by Targeting the Transforming Growth Factor β-SMAD2 Pathway. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:842587. [PMID: 35299960 PMCID: PMC8920978 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.842587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The acquisition of an endovascular trophoblast (enEVT) phenotype is essential for normal placental development and healthy pregnancy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that play critical roles in regulating gene expression. We have recently reported that miR-218-5p promotes enEVT differentiation and spiral artery remodeling in part by targeting transforming growth factor β2 (TGFβ2). We also identified IL1B, which encodes interleukin 1β (IL1β), as one of the most highly upregulated genes by miR-218-5p. In this study, we investigated how miR-218-5p regulates IL1B expression and IL1β secretion and the potential role of IL1β in enEVT differentiation. Using two cell lines derived from extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs), HTR-8/SVneo and Swan 71, we found that stable overexpression of miR-218-5p precursor, mir-218-1, or transient transfection of miR-218-5p mimic, significantly increased IL1B mRNA and IL1β protein levels in cells and conditioned media. We also showed that miR-218-5p directly interacted with SMAD2 3'UTR and reduced SMAD2 at mRNA and protein levels. Knockdown of SMAD2 induced IL1B expression and attenuated the inhibitory effect of TGFβ2 on IL1B expression. On the other hand, overexpression of SMAD2 reduced IL1β levels and blocked the stimulatory effects of miR-218-5p on IL1B expression, trophoblast migration and endothelial-like network formation. In addition, treatment of trophoblasts with IL1β induced the formation of endothelial-like networks and the expression of enEVT markers in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that miR-218-5p inhibits the TGFβ/SMAD2 pathway to induce IL1β and enEVT differentiation. Finally, low doses of IL1β also inhibited the expression of miR-218-5p, suggesting the existence of a negative feedback regulatory loop. Taken together, our findings suggest a novel interactive miR-218-5p/TGFβ/SMAD2/IL1β signaling nexus that regulates enEVT differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Shan
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jelena Brkić
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Haiying Ma
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chun Peng
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Chun Peng,
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16
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Bralewska M, Biesiada L, Grzesiak M, Rybak-Krzyszkowska M, Huras H, Gach A, Pietrucha T, Sakowicz A. Chromogranin A demonstrates higher expression in preeclamptic placentas than in normal pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021; 21:680. [PMID: 34620125 PMCID: PMC8496087 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-04139-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although preeclampsia has long been recognized as a condition affecting late pregnancy, little is known of its pathogenesis or treatment. The placenta releases a number of hormones and molecules that influence the course of pregnancy, one of which is chromogranin A, a soluble protein secreted mainly from the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. Its role in pregnancy and pregnancy-related disorders remains unclear. Therefore, the main aim of the proposed study is to determine whether chromogranin A is related with the occurrence of preeclampsia. METHODS Placental samples were collected from 102 preeclamptic patients and 103 healthy controls, and Chromogranin A gene (CHGA) expression was measured using real-time RT-PCR, The RT-PCR results were verified on the protein level using ELISA. The normal distribution of the data was tested using the Shapiro-Wilk test. The clinical and personal characteristics of the groups were compared using the Student's t-test for normally-distributed data, and the χ2 test for categorical variables. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for non-normally distributed data. As the log- transformation was not suitable for the given outcomes, the Box- Cox Transformation was used to normalize data from ELISA tests and CHGA expression. Values of P < .05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS Chromogranin A gene expression was found to be significantly higher in the study group than in controls. Protein analyses showed that although the CgA concentration in placental samples did not differ significantly, the catestatin (CST) level was significantly lower in samples obtained from women with preeclampsia, according to the controls. CONCLUSIONS FOR PRACTICE This study for the first time reveals that chromogranin A gene expression level is associated with preeclampsia. Moreover, the depletion in catestatin level, which plays a protective role in hypertension development, might be a marker of developing preeclampsia. Further studies may unravel role of Chromogranin A in the discussed disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalina Bralewska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Lidia Biesiada
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Gynecology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital-Research Institute in Lodz, Rzgowska 281/289, Lodz, Poland
| | - Mariusz Grzesiak
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Gynecology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital-Research Institute in Lodz, Rzgowska 281/289, Lodz, Poland
| | - Magda Rybak-Krzyszkowska
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, University Hospital in Krakow, Kopernika 36, Krakow, Poland
| | - Hubert Huras
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, University Hospital in Krakow, Kopernika 36, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gach
- Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital-Research Institute in Lodz, Rzgowska 281/289, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Pietrucha
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Sakowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, Lodz, Poland
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17
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Sakr HI, Khowailed AA, Al-Fakharany RS, Abdel-Fattah DS, Taha AA. Serum Uric Acid Level as a Predictive Biomarker of Gestational Hypertension Severity; A Prospective Observational Case-Control Study. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2021; 15:227-239. [PMID: 32646363 DOI: 10.2174/1574887115666200709142119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-eclampsia poses a significant potential risk of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, a leading cause of maternal deaths. Hyperuricemia is associated with adverse effects on endothelial function, normal cellular metabolism, and platelet aggregation and adhesion. This study was designed to compare serum urate levels in normotensive pregnant women to those with pregnancy-induced hypertension, and to evaluate its value as a potential predictive marker of hypertension severity during pregnancy. METHODS A prospective, observational, case-control study conducted on 100 pregnant women in their third trimester. Pregnant women were classified into two groups (n=50) according to arterial blood pressure measurements: group I had normal blood pressure, and group II had a blood pressure of ≥ 140/90, which was further subdivided according to hypertension severity into IIa (pregnancy- induced hypertension, IIb (mild pre-eclampsia), and IIc (severe pre-eclampsia). Blood samples were obtained on admission. Serum urate, high sensitive C-reactive protein, and interleukin-1β levels, and lipid profile were compared among the groups. RESULTS A significant increase in the mean values of serum urate, C-reactive protein, and interleukin- 1β levels was detected in gestational hypertensives. In addition, there was a positive correlation between serum urate levels and C-reactive protein and interleukin-1β, as well as between serum urate levels and hypertension severity. CONCLUSION Hyperuricemia and increased C-reactive protein and interleukin-1β serum levels correlate with the severity of pregnancy-induced hypertension, and these biomarkers may play a role in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. Serum urate measurement is sensitive, reliable markers that correlate well with the severity of hypertension in pregnant females with pre-eclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hader I Sakr
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Akef A Khowailed
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reham S Al-Fakharany
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Dina S Abdel-Fattah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Taha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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18
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Nasri F, Zare M, Hesampour F, Ahmadi M, Ali-Hassanzadeh M, Mostafaei S, Gharesi-Fard B. Are genetic variations in IL-1β and IL-6 cytokines associated with the risk of pre-eclampsia? Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021; 35:6600-6609. [PMID: 34275427 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1918092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis study was performed to assess the potential association between interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs1143634 and rs16944) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) SNP (rs1800795) and pre-eclampsia (PE). METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the international search engines and databases, including MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, and Web of Science (ISI) up to 9 March 2021. After retrieving relevant articles, data extraction was performed by four authors independently. Pooled ORs and corresponding 95% CIs were used to evaluate the association between IL-1β and IL-6 polymorphisms and PE risk. Cochran's Q test was used to check heterogeneity, and the I2 index was calculated for measuring the heterogeneity between the estimations of included studies. RESULTS After reviewing fully published studies, 21 studies were included in this study based on the eligibility criteria. Our results showed that rs16944 and rs1143634 of IL-1β were significantly associated with the risk of PE. Regarding rs16944, the minor C allele significantly decreased the risk of PE (C vs. T: OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.69-0.90). In contrast, the minor T allele of rs1143634 significantly increased the risk of PE (T vs. C: OR = 1. 28, 95% CI = 1.04-1.58). There was no significant association between IL-6 rs1800795 (C vs. G: OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.93-1.16) polymorphism and PE risk. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this meta-analysis suggests rs1143634 and rs16944 polymorphisms of IL-1β are related to the risk of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Nasri
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Zare
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hesampour
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Moslem Ahmadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali-Hassanzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Shayan Mostafaei
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrouz Gharesi-Fard
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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19
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Napso T, Zhao X, Lligoña MI, Sandovici I, Kay RG, George AL, Gribble FM, Reimann F, Meek CL, Hamilton RS, Sferruzzi-Perri AN. Placental secretome characterization identifies candidates for pregnancy complications. Commun Biol 2021; 4:701. [PMID: 34103657 PMCID: PMC8187406 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02214-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in maternal physiological adaptation during pregnancy lead to complications, including abnormal birthweight and gestational diabetes. Maternal adaptations are driven by placental hormones, although the full identity of these is lacking. This study unbiasedly characterized the secretory output of mouse placental endocrine cells and examined whether these data could identify placental hormones important for determining pregnancy outcome in humans. Secretome and cell peptidome analyses were performed on cultured primary trophoblast and fluorescence-activated sorted endocrine trophoblasts from mice and a placental secretome map was generated. Proteins secreted from the placenta were detectable in the circulation of mice and showed a higher relative abundance in pregnancy. Bioinformatic analyses showed that placental secretome proteins are involved in metabolic, immune and growth modulation, are largely expressed by human placenta and several are dysregulated in pregnancy complications. Moreover, proof-of-concept studies found that secreted placental proteins (sFLT1/MIF and ANGPT2/MIF ratios) were increased in women prior to diagnosis of gestational diabetes. Thus, placental secretome analysis could lead to the identification of new placental biomarkers of pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Napso
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marta Ibañez Lligoña
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ionel Sandovici
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Rosie Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Richard G Kay
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amy L George
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fiona M Gribble
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Frank Reimann
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claire L Meek
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Russell S Hamilton
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amanda N Sferruzzi-Perri
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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20
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Bogacz A, Mikołajczak PŁ, Wolek M, Górska A, Szulc M, Ożarowski M, Kujawski R, Czerny B, Wolski H, Karpiński TM, Seremak-Mrozikiewicz A. Combined Effects of Methyldopa and Flavonoids on the Expression of Selected Factors Related to Inflammatory Processes and Vascular Diseases in Human Placenta Cells-An In Vitro Study. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051259. [PMID: 33652665 PMCID: PMC7956652 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate combined effects of flavonoids (apigenin, baicalein, chrysin, quercetin, and scutellarin) and methyldopa on the expression of selected proinflammatory and vascular factors in vitro for prediction of their action in pregnancy-induced hypertension. The research was conducted on a trophoblast-derived human choriocarcinoma cell line and a primary human umbilical vein endothelial cell line. Cytotoxicity of compounds in selected concentrations (20, 40, and 100 µmol) was measured using the MTT test and the concentration of 40 µmol was selected for further analysis. Subsequently, their effects with methyldopa on the expression of selected markers responsible for inflammation (TNF-α; IL-1β; IL-6) and vascular effects (hypoxia-inducible factor 1α—HIF-1α; placental growth factor—PIGF; transforming growth factor β—TGF-β; vascular endothelial growth factor—VEGF) at the mRNA and protein levels were assessed. It was found that every combined administration of a flavonoid and methyldopa in these cells induced a down-regulating effect on all tested factors, except PIGF, especially at the mRNA expression level. As hypertension generally raises TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, HIF-1α, TGF-β, and VEGF mRNA expression and/or protein levels, the results obtained in the studied model may provide a positive prognostic factor for such activity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bogacz
- Department of Pharmacology and Phytochemistry, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Kolejowa 2, 62-064 Plewiska, Poland; (A.B.); (P.Ł.M.); (A.S.-M.)
| | - Przemysław Ł. Mikołajczak
- Department of Pharmacology and Phytochemistry, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Kolejowa 2, 62-064 Plewiska, Poland; (A.B.); (P.Ł.M.); (A.S.-M.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5a, 60-806 Poznań, Poland; (M.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Marlena Wolek
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Kolejowa 2, 62-064 Plewiska, Poland; (M.W.); (A.G.); (B.C.)
| | - Aleksandra Górska
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Kolejowa 2, 62-064 Plewiska, Poland; (M.W.); (A.G.); (B.C.)
| | - Michał Szulc
- Department of Pharmacology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5a, 60-806 Poznań, Poland; (M.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Marcin Ożarowski
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, WojskaPolskiego 71b, 60-630 Poznań, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Radosław Kujawski
- Department of Pharmacology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5a, 60-806 Poznań, Poland; (M.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Bogusław Czerny
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Kolejowa 2, 62-064 Plewiska, Poland; (M.W.); (A.G.); (B.C.)
- Department of General Pharmacology and Pharmacoeconomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 48, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Hubert Wolski
- Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Podhale Multidisciplinary Hospital, 34-400 NowyTarg, Poland;
- Division of Perinatology and Women’s Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna 33, 60-535 Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz M. Karpiński
- Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Wieniawskiego 3, 61-712 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Seremak-Mrozikiewicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Phytochemistry, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Kolejowa 2, 62-064 Plewiska, Poland; (A.B.); (P.Ł.M.); (A.S.-M.)
- Division of Perinatology and Women’s Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna 33, 60-535 Poznań, Poland
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21
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Barron A, McCarthy CM, O'Keeffe GW. Preeclampsia and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes: Potential Pathogenic Roles for Inflammation and Oxidative Stress? Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:2734-2756. [PMID: 33492643 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02290-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a common and serious hypertensive disorder of pregnancy that occurs in approximately 3-5% of first-time pregnancies and is a well-known leading cause of maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. In recent years, there has been accumulating evidence that in utero exposure to PE acts as an environmental risk factor for various neurodevelopmental disorders, particularly autism spectrum disorder and ADHD. At present, the mechanism(s) mediating this relationship are uncertain. In this review, we outline the most recent evidence implicating a causal role for PE exposure in the aetiology of various neurodevelopmental disorders and provide a novel interpretation of neuroanatomical alterations in PE-exposed offspring and how these relate to their sub-optimal neurodevelopmental trajectory. We then postulate that inflammation and oxidative stress, two prominent features of the pathophysiology of PE, are likely to play a major role in mediating this association. The increased inflammation in the maternal circulation, placenta and fetal circulation in PE expose the offspring to both prenatal maternal immune activation-a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders, which has been well-characterised in animal models-and directly higher concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which adversely affect neuronal development. Similarly, the exaggerated oxidative stress in the mother, placenta and foetus induces the placenta to secrete factors deleterious to neurons, and exposes the fetal brain to directly elevated oxidative stress and thus adversely affects neurodevelopmental processes. Finally, we describe the interplay between inflammation and oxidative stress in PE, and how both systems interact to potentially alter neurodevelopmental trajectory in exposed offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Barron
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Cathal M McCarthy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Gerard W O'Keeffe
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College, Cork, Ireland. .,Cork Neuroscience Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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22
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Menkhorst E, Zhou W, Santos LL, Delforce S, So T, Rainczuk K, Loke H, Syngelaki A, Varshney S, Williamson N, Pringle K, Young MJ, Nicolaides KH, St-Pierre Y, Dimitriadis E. Galectin-7 Impairs Placentation and Causes Preeclampsia Features in Mice. Hypertension 2020; 76:1185-1194. [PMID: 32862708 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy-induced disorder unique to humans. The etiology of preeclampsia is poorly understood; however, poor placental formation is thought causal. Galectin-7 is produced by trophoblast and is elevated in first-trimester serum of women who subsequently develop preeclampsia. We hypothesized that elevated placental galectin-7 may be causative of preeclampsia. Here, we demonstrated increased galectin-7 production in chorionic villous samples from women who subsequently develop preterm preeclampsia compared with uncomplicated pregnancies. In vitro, galectin-7 impaired human first-trimester trophoblast outgrowth, increased placental production of the antiangiogenic sFlt-1 splice variant, sFlt-1-e15a, and reduced placental production and secretion of ADAM12 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase12) and angiotensinogen. In vivo, galectin-7 administration (E8-E12) to pregnant mice caused elevated systolic blood pressure, albuminuria, impaired placentation (reduced labyrinth vascular branching, impaired decidual spiral artery remodeling, and a proinflammatory placental state demonstrated by elevated IL1β, IL6 and reduced IL10), and dysregulated expression of renin-angiotensin system components in the placenta, decidua, and kidney, including angiotensinogen, prorenin, and the angiotensin II type 1 receptor. Collectively, this study demonstrates that elevated galectin-7 during placental formation contributes to abnormal placentation and suggests that it leads to the development of preeclampsia via altering placental production of sFlt-1 and renin-angiotensin system components. Targeting galectin-7 may be a new treatment option for preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Menkhorst
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia (E.M., W.Z., L.L.S., T.S., E.D.).,Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia (E.M., W.Z., L.L.S., T.S., E.D.).,Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia (E.M., K.R., H.L., E.D.)
| | - Wei Zhou
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia (E.M., W.Z., L.L.S., T.S., E.D.).,Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia (E.M., W.Z., L.L.S., T.S., E.D.)
| | - Leilani L Santos
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia (E.M., W.Z., L.L.S., T.S., E.D.).,Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia (E.M., W.Z., L.L.S., T.S., E.D.)
| | - Sarah Delforce
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy (S.D., K.P.), University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Sciences (S.D., K.P.), University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Pregnancy and Reproduction Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (S.D., K.P.)
| | - Teresa So
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia (E.M., W.Z., L.L.S., T.S., E.D.).,Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia (E.M., W.Z., L.L.S., T.S., E.D.)
| | - Kate Rainczuk
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia (E.M., K.R., H.L., E.D.)
| | - Hannah Loke
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia (E.M., K.R., H.L., E.D.)
| | - Argyro Syngelaki
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom (A.S., K.H.N.)
| | - Swati Varshney
- Melbourne Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science & Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.V., N.W.)
| | - Nicholas Williamson
- Melbourne Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science & Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.V., N.W.)
| | - Kirsty Pringle
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy (S.D., K.P.), University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Sciences (S.D., K.P.), University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Pregnancy and Reproduction Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (S.D., K.P.)
| | - Morag J Young
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia (M.J.Y.).,Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Prahran, VIC, Australia (M.J.Y.)
| | - Kypros H Nicolaides
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom (A.S., K.H.N.)
| | - Yves St-Pierre
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, QC, Canada (Y.S.-P.)
| | - Eva Dimitriadis
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia (E.M., W.Z., L.L.S., T.S., E.D.).,Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia (E.M., W.Z., L.L.S., T.S., E.D.).,Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia (E.M., K.R., H.L., E.D.).,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia (E.D.)
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23
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Xiong Y, Wintermark P. Therapeutic interventions for fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS). Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2020; 25:101112. [PMID: 32303464 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2020.101112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS) is a condition defined by systemic inflammation in the fetus, a rapid increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines into the fetal circulation (including interleukin-1 and interleukin-6), as well as a cellular response (such as increased neutrophils, monocyte/macrophages, and T cells) and the presence of funisitis. FIRS can lead to death and multisystem organ damage in the fetus and newborn. Brain injuries and subsequent risk of cerebral palsy and cognitive impairments are the most threatening long-term complications. This paper reviews the definition of FIRS, summarizes its associated complications, briefly describes the available methods to study FIRS, and discusses in more detail the potential therapeutic candidates that have been so far studied to protect the fetus/newborn from FIRS and to alleviate its associated complications and sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xiong
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Pia Wintermark
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Canada; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada.
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24
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Equils O, Kellogg C, McGregor J, Gravett M, Neal-Perry G, Gabay C. The role of the IL-1 system in pregnancy and the use of IL-1 system markers to identify women at risk for pregnancy complications†. Biol Reprod 2020; 103:684-694. [PMID: 32543660 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The interleukin (IL)-1 system plays a major role in immune responses and inflammation. The IL-1 system components include IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-1 receptor type 1 and IL-1 receptor type 2 (decoy receptor), IL-1 receptor accessory protein, and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra). These components have been shown to play a role in pregnancy, specifically in embryo-maternal communication for implantation, placenta development, and protection against infections. As gestation advances, maternal tissues experience increasing fetal demand and physical stress and IL-1β is induced. Dependent on the levels of IL-1Ra, which regulates IL-1β activity, a pro-inflammatory response may or may not occur. If there is an inflammatory response, prostaglandins are synthesized that may lead to myometrial contractions and the initiation of labor. Many studies have examined the role of the IL-1 system in pregnancy by independently measuring plasma, cervical, and amniotic fluid IL-1β or IL-1Ra levels. Other studies have tested for polymorphisms in IL-1β and IL-1Ra genes in women experiencing pregnancy complications such as early pregnancy loss, in vitro fertilization failure, pre-eclampsia and preterm delivery. Data from those studies suggest a definite role for the IL-1 system in successful pregnancy outcomes. However, as anticipated, the results varied among different experimental models, ethnicities, and disease states. Here, we review the current literature and propose that measurement of IL-1Ra in relation to IL-1 may be useful in predicting the risk of poor pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caitlyn Kellogg
- RPI Consulting LLC, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Michael Gravett
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Genevieve Neal-Perry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Cem Gabay
- University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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25
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Kwan STC, Kezer CA, Helfrich KK, Saini N, Huebner SM, Flentke GR, Kling PJ, Smith SM. Maternal iron nutriture modulates placental development in a rat model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. Alcohol 2020; 84:57-66. [PMID: 31734307 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) causes developmental abnormalities known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). Maternal iron status modulates the severity of these defects in the offspring. Because the placenta is central in supporting fetal development, we investigated whether maternal iron status similarly modulates alcohol's effects in the placenta. We hypothesized that PAE causes placental insufficiency by decreasing placental weight and efficiency, and we hypothesized that these are worsened by maternal iron deficiency (ID) and alleviated by dietary iron fortification (IF). We also determined whether altered placental iron flux and inflammatory balance contribute to placental insufficiency. Pregnant Long-Evans rats consumed an iron-deficient (ID; 2-6 ppm), iron-sufficient (IS; 100 ppm), or iron-fortified (IF; 500 ppm) diet. Alcohol (5 g/kg body weight) or isocaloric maltodextrin (MD) was gavaged daily from gestational day (GD) 13.5-19.5. Placental outcomes were evaluated on GD20.5. PAE reduced fetal weight (p < 0.0001), placental weight (p = 0.0324), and placental efficiency (p = 0.0043). PAE downregulated placental transferrin receptor (p = 0.0032); it also altered placental Il1b and Tnf expression and the Il6:Il10 ratio (p = 0.0337, 0.0300, and 0.0034, respectively) to generate a response favoring inflammation. ID-PAE further reduced fetal growth and placental efficiency and induced a heightened pro-inflammatory placental profile. IF did not rescue the alcohol-reduced fetal weight, but it normalized placental efficiency and decreased placental inflammation. These placental cytokines correlated with fetal and placental growth, and explained 45% of the variability in fetal weight and 20% of the variability in placental efficiency. In summary, alcohol induces placental insufficiency and is associated with a pro-inflammatory cytokine profile exacerbated by maternal ID and mitigated by maternal IF. Because the placenta is closely linked to intrauterine growth, the placental insufficiency reported here may correlate with the lower birth weights in a subgroup of individuals who experienced PAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze Ting Cecilia Kwan
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States
| | - Camille A Kezer
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, United States
| | - Kaylee K Helfrich
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States
| | - Nipun Saini
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States
| | - Shane M Huebner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, United States
| | - George R Flentke
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States
| | - Pamela J Kling
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, United States
| | - Susan M Smith
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, United States.
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26
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Yang Y, Li J, Han TL, Zhou X, Qi H, Baker PN, Zhou W, Zhang H. Endoplasmic reticulum stress may activate NLRP3 inflammasomes via TXNIP in preeclampsia. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 379:589-599. [PMID: 31637543 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03104-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) development is often associated with placental immune and inflammatory dysregulation, as well as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. However, the mechanisms linking ER stress and inflammatory dysregulation to PE have not been elucidated. It has been reported that thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), which can bind with and activate the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, is a key point in immune regulation. Recent experimental evidence suggests that activated NLRP3 inflammasomes can activate interleukin-1β (IL-1β) production in the placenta of patients with PE. The objective of the current study was to explore if TXNIP plays a critical signaling role linking ER stress with NLRP3 inflammasome activation in PE. We hypothesized that ER stress would induce TXNIP production, which would bind with NLRP3 inflammasomes to activate IL-1β production. These cells showed a higher protein level of NLRP3 and IL-1β, as well as a higher enzymatic activity of caspase-1, indicating enhanced inflammatory dysregulation and ER stress. Cells transfected with TXNIP siRNA showed reduced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Cells treated with 4-phenylbutyric acid, an inhibitor of ER stress, showed a similar result. Outgrowth of the explant with TXNIP lentivirus in H/R or tunicamycin (inducers of ER stress) was also measured to verify our hypothesis. These findings demonstrated that TXNIP could influence inflammatory dysregulation by mediating ER stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in PE. This novel mechanism may further explain the inflammation observed at the maternal-fetal interface, which leads to placental dysfunction in a patient with PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Chngqing Health Center For Women And Children, No. 120 Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 400021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Chngqing Health Center For Women And Children, No. 120 Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 400021, People's Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
- Canada - China -New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Li Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
- Canada - China -New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianbo Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
- Canada - China -New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
- Canada - China -New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
- College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, PO Box 138, Leicester, LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Philip N Baker
- Canada - China -New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
- College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, PO Box 138, Leicester, LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics, Chngqing Health Center For Women And Children, No. 120 Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 400021, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
- Canada - China -New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Huang SJ, Chen CP, Buchwalder L, Yu YC, Piao L, Huang CY, Schatz F, Lockwood CJ. Regulation of CX3CL1 Expression in Human First-Trimester Decidual Cells: Implications for Preeclampsia. Reprod Sci 2019; 26:1256-1265. [PMID: 30606080 PMCID: PMC6949968 DOI: 10.1177/1933719118815592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
C-X3-C motif ligand 1 (CX3CL1) mediates migration, survival, and adhesion of natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes, and T-cells to endothelial/epithelial cells. Aberrant numbers and/or activation of these decidual immune cells elicit preeclampsia development. Decidual macrophages and NK cells are critical for implantation, while macrophage-derived tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 β (IL-1β), and NK cell-derived interferon-γ (IFN-γ) are associated with preeclampsia development. Thus, serum and decidual levels of CX3CL1 from first-trimester pregnancy and preeclampsia-complicated term pregnancy were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The effects of incubating primary human first-trimester decidual cells (FTDCs) with estradiol + medroxyprogesterone acetate + either IL-1β or TNF-α and/or IFN-γ on CX3CL1 expression were also assessed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and ELISA. The inhibition of each signaling pathway with each kinase and nuclear factor κB (NFκB) inhibitors was evaluated by ELISA. Chemotaxis of CD56brightCD16- NK cells by various concentrations of CX3CL1 was evaluated. C-X3-C motif ligand 1 is expressed by both cytotrophoblasts and decidual cells in first-trimester decidua. C-X3-C motif ligand 1 expression is increased in term decidua but unchanged in first-trimester and term serum of patients with preeclampsia. Interferon-gamma and either IL-1β or TNF-α synergistically upregulated CX3CL1 expression in FTDCs. Coincubation with IL-1β or TNF-α or IFN-γ, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 and 2 (MEK1/2), c-JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK), and NFκB inhibitors suppressed CX3CL1 production. C-X3-C motif ligand 1 elicited concentration-dependent enhancement of CD56brightCD16- NK cell migration. In conclusion, the current study suggests that decidual cell-secreted CX3CL1 is involved in the later development of preeclampsia, whereas circulating CX3CL1 levels do not predict preeclampsia. Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 and 2, JNK, and NFκB signaling mediate IL-1β-, TNF-α-, and IFN-γ-induced CX3CL1 production by FTDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Joseph Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Chie-Pein Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lynn Buchwalder
- Clinical Research Support Lab, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ya-Chun Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Longzhu Piao
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Chun-Yen Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Frederick Schatz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Charles J. Lockwood
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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28
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Giambrone AB, Logue OC, Shao Q, Bidwell GL, Warrington JP. Perinatal Micro-Bleeds and Neuroinflammation in E19 Rat Fetuses Exposed to Utero-Placental Ischemia. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20164051. [PMID: 31434191 PMCID: PMC6720786 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20164051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Offspring of preeclampsia patients have an increased risk of developing neurological deficits and cognitive impairment. While low placental perfusion, common in preeclampsia and growth restriction, has been linked to neurological deficits, a causative link is not fully established. The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that placental ischemia induces neuroinflammation and micro-hemorrhages in utero. Timed-pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were weight-matched for sham surgery (abdominal incision only) or induced placental ischemia (surgical reduction of utero-placental perfusion (RUPP)); n = 5/group on gestational day 14. Fetal brains (n = 1–2/dam/endpoint) were collected at embryonic day (E19). Placental ischemia resulted in fewer live fetuses, increased fetal demise, increased hematocrit, and no difference in brain water content in exposed fetuses. Additionally, increased cerebral micro-bleeds (identified with H&E staining), pro-inflammatory cytokines: IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18, eotaxin (CCL11), LIX (CXCL5), and MIP-2 (CXCL2) were observed in RUPP-exposed fetuses. Microglial density in the sub-ventricular zone decreased in RUPP-exposed fetuses, with no change in cortical thickness. Our findings support the hypothesis that exposure to placental ischemia contributes to microvascular dysfunction (increased micro-bleeds), fetal brain inflammation, and reduced microglial density in proliferative brain areas. Future studies will determine whether in utero abnormalities contribute to long-term behavioral deficits in preeclampsia offspring through impaired neurogenesis regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashtin B Giambrone
- Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Omar C Logue
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Qingmei Shao
- Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Gene L Bidwell
- Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Junie P Warrington
- Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA.
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Abstract
Complications of pregnancy remain key drivers of morbidity and mortality, affecting the health of both the mother and her offspring in the short and long term. There is lack of detailed understanding of the pathways involved in the pathology and pathogenesis of compromised pregnancy, as well as a shortfall of effective prognostic, diagnostic and treatment options. In many complications of pregnancy, such as in preeclampsia, there is an increase in uteroplacental vascular resistance. However, the cause and effect relationship between placental dysfunction and adverse outcomes in the mother and her offspring remains uncertain. In this review, we aim to highlight the value of gestational hypoxia-induced complications of pregnancy in elucidating underlying molecular pathways and in assessing candidate therapeutic options for these complex disorders. Chronic maternal hypoxia not only mimics the placental pathology associated with obstetric syndromes like gestational hypertension at morphological, molecular and functional levels, but also recapitulates key symptoms that occur as maternal and fetal clinical manifestations of these pregnancy disorders. We propose that gestational hypoxia provides a useful model to study the inter-relationship between placental dysfunction and adverse outcomes in the mother and her offspring in a wide array of examples of complicated pregnancy, such as in preeclampsia.
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30
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Bellos I, Karageorgiou V, Kapnias D, Karamanli KE, Siristatidis C. The role of interleukins in preeclampsia: A comprehensive review. Am J Reprod Immunol 2018; 80:e13055. [PMID: 30265415 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a multi-system hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, with significant rates of maternal and neonatal morbidity. It represents a major cause of preterm birth, as definitive treatment demands fetal delivery. Although its pathophysiology is complicated, placental hypoxia and endothelial dysfunction constitute established pathogenetic steps of the disease. Inflammation is considered to be a crucial mediator of preeclampsia process, as an imbalance between TH 1, TH 2, and TH 17 immune responses is observed. The present review accumulates current knowledge about the contribution of interleukins in preeclampsia, summarizing the pathways through which each interleukin exerts its function in the disease. Also, the role of genetic polymorphisms is explored and the predictive efficacy of maternal serum interleukin levels is evaluated. Finally, recommendations about the safe interpretation of the outcomes, as well as guidance for future research, are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Bellos
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Charalampos Siristatidis
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Attikon Hospital", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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31
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Clayton AM, Shao Q, Paauw ND, Giambrone AB, Granger JP, Warrington JP. Postpartum increases in cerebral edema and inflammation in response to placental ischemia during pregnancy. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 70:376-389. [PMID: 29588233 PMCID: PMC5953832 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced placental blood flow results in placental ischemia, an initiating event in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia, a hypertensive pregnancy disorder. While studies show increased mortality risk from Alzheimer's disease, stroke, and cerebrovascular complications in women with a history of preeclampsia, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. During pregnancy, placental ischemia, induced by reducing uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP), leads to cerebral edema and increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability; however whether these complications persist after delivery is not known. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that placental ischemia contributes to postpartum cerebral edema and neuroinflammation. On gestational day 14, time-pregnant Sprague Dawley rats underwent Sham (n = 10) or RUPP (n = 9) surgery and brain tissue collected 2 months post-delivery. Water content increased in posterior cortex but not hippocampus, striatum, or anterior cerebrum following RUPP. Using a rat cytokine multi-plex kit, posterior cortical IL-17, IL-1α, IL-1β, Leptin, and MIP2 increased while hippocampal IL-4, IL-12(p70) and RANTES increased and IL-18 decreased following RUPP. Western blot analysis showed no changes in astrocyte marker, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP); however, the microglia marker, ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule (Iba1) tended to increase in hippocampus of RUPP-exposed rats. Immunofluorescence staining revealed reduced number of posterior cortical microglia but increased activated (Type 4) microglia in RUPP. Astrocyte number increased in both regions but area covered by astrocytes increased only in posterior cortex following RUPP. BBB-associated proteins, Claudin-1, Aquaporin-4, and zonular occludens-1 expression were unaltered; however, posterior cortical occludin decreased. These results suggest that 2 months postpartum, neuroinflammation, along with decreased occludin expression, may partly explain posterior cortical edema in rats with history of placental ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nina D. Paauw
- Department of Obstetrics, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital
Birth Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Joey P. Granger
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of
Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216
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32
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Cross SN, Nelson RA, Potter JA, Norwitz ER, Abrahams VM. Magnesium sulfate differentially modulates fetal membrane inflammation in a time-dependent manner. Am J Reprod Immunol 2018; 80:e12861. [PMID: 29709093 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Chorioamnionitis and infection-associated inflammation are major causes of preterm birth. Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4 ) is widely used in obstetrics as a tocolytic; however, its mechanism of action is unclear. This study sought to investigate how MgSO4 modulates infection-associated inflammation in fetal membranes (FMs), and whether the response was time dependent. METHOD OF STUDY Human FM explants were treated with or without bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS); with or without MgSO4 added either: 1 hour before LPS; at the same time as LPS; 1 hour post-LPS; or 2 hours post-LPS. Explants were also treated with or without viral dsRNA and LPS, alone or in combination; and MgSO4 added 1 hour post-LPS After 24 hours, supernatants were measured for cytokines/chemokines; and tissue lysates measured for caspase-1 activity. RESULTS Lipopolysaccharide-induced FM inflammation by upregulating the secretion of a number of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. Magnesium sulfate administered 1-hour post-LPS inhibited FM secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, G-CSF, RANTES, and TNFα. Magnesium sulfate administered 2 hours post-LPS augmented FM secretion of these factors as well as IL-8, IFNγ, VEGF, GROα and IP-10. Magnesium sulfate delivered 1- hour post-LPS inhibited LPS-induced caspase-1 activity, and inhibited the augmented IL-1β response triggered by combination viral dsRNA and LPS. CONCLUSION Magnesium sulfate differentially modulates LPS-induced FM inflammation in a time-dependent manner, in part through its modulation of caspase-1 activity. Thus, the timing of MgSO4 administration may be critical in optimizing its anti-inflammatory effects in the clinical setting. MgSO4 might also be useful at preventing FM inflammation triggered by a polymicrobial viral-bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N Cross
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rachel A Nelson
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Julie A Potter
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Errol R Norwitz
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vikki M Abrahams
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Stødle GS, Silva GB, Tangerås LH, Gierman LM, Nervik I, Dahlberg UE, Sun C, Aune MH, Thomsen LCV, Bjørge L, Iversen AC. Placental inflammation in pre-eclampsia by Nod-like receptor protein (NLRP)3 inflammasome activation in trophoblasts. Clin Exp Immunol 2018; 193:84-94. [PMID: 29683202 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia is associated with increased levels of cholesterol and uric acid and an inflamed placenta expressing danger-sensing pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Crystalline cholesterol and uric acid activate the PRR Nod-like receptor protein (NLRP)3 inflammasome to release interleukin (IL)-1β and result in vigorous inflammation. We aimed to characterize crystal-induced NLRP3 activation in placental inflammation and examine its role in pre-eclampsia. We confirmed that serum total cholesterol and uric acid were elevated in pre-eclamptic compared to healthy pregnancies and correlated positively to high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and the pre-eclampsia marker soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1). The NLRP3 inflammasome pathway components (NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β) and priming factors [complement component 5a (C5a) and terminal complement complex (TCC)] were co-expressed by the syncytiotrophoblast layer which covers the placental surface and interacts with maternal blood. The expression of IL-1β and TCC was increased significantly and C5a-positive regions in the syncytiotrophoblast layer appeared more frequent in pre-eclamptic compared to normal pregnancies. In-vitro activation of placental explants and trophoblasts confirmed NLRP3 inflammasome pathway functionality by complement-primed crystal-induced release of IL-1β. This study confirms crystal-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation located at the syncytiotrophoblast layer as a mechanism of placental inflammation and suggests contribution of enhanced NLRP3 activation to the harmful placental inflammation in pre-eclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Stødle
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - G B Silva
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - L H Tangerås
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - L M Gierman
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - I Nervik
- Cellular and Molecular Imaging Core Facility (CMIC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - U E Dahlberg
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - C Sun
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - M H Aune
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - L C V Thomsen
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - L Bjørge
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - A-C Iversen
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
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Xu L, Li S, Liu Z, Jiang S, Wang J, Guo M, Zhao X, Song W, Liu S. The NLRP3 rs10754558 polymorphism is a risk factor for preeclampsia in a Chinese Han population. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018; 32:1792-1799. [PMID: 29385859 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1418313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Longqiang Xu
- Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Sai Li
- Biology Department, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Hypertension, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuting Jiang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingli Wang
- Prenatal diagnosis center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mingzhen Guo
- Prenatal diagnosis center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Gynaecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Weiqing Song
- Clinical Laboratory, Municipal Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, China
| | - Shiguo Liu
- Prenatal diagnosis center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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35
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Khazim K, Azulay EE, Kristal B, Cohen I. Interleukin 1 gene polymorphism and susceptibility to disease. Immunol Rev 2017; 281:40-56. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Khazim
- Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee; Bar Ilan University; Safed Israel
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension; Galilee Medical Center; Nahariya Israel
| | - Etti Ester Azulay
- Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee; Bar Ilan University; Safed Israel
- Research Institute; Galilee Medical Center; Nahariya Israel
| | - Batya Kristal
- Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee; Bar Ilan University; Safed Israel
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension; Galilee Medical Center; Nahariya Israel
| | - Idan Cohen
- Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee; Bar Ilan University; Safed Israel
- Research Institute; Galilee Medical Center; Nahariya Israel
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36
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Speer EM, Lin X, Murthy A, Hou W, Islam S, Hanna N. Pentoxifylline inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory mediators in human second trimester placenta explants. Placenta 2017; 58:60-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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37
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Howell KR, Powell TL. Effects of maternal obesity on placental function and fetal development. Reproduction 2016; 153:R97-R108. [PMID: 27864335 DOI: 10.1530/rep-16-0495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions, and pregnancies in obese mothers have increased risk for complications including gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, pre-term birth and caesarian section. Children born to obese mothers are at increased risk of obesity and metabolic disease and are susceptible to develop neuropsychiatric and cognitive disorders. Changes in placental function not only play a critical role in the development of pregnancy complications but may also be involved in linking maternal obesity to long-term health risks in the infant. Maternal adipokines, i.e., interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), leptin and adiponectin link maternal nutritional status and adipose tissue metabolism to placental function. Adipokines and metabolic hormones have direct impact on placental function by modulating placental nutrient transport. Nutrient delivery to the fetus is regulated by a complex interaction including insulin signaling, cytokine profile and insulin responsiveness, which is modulated by adiponectin and IL-1β. In addition, obese pregnant women are at risk for hypertension and preeclampsia with reduced placental vascularity and blood flow, which would restrict placental nutrient delivery to the developing fetus. These sometimes opposing signals regulating placental function may contribute to the diversity of short and long-term outcomes observed in pregnant obese women. This review focuses on the changes in adipokines and obesity-related metabolic hormones, how these factors influence placental function and fetal development to contribute to long-term metabolic and behavioral consequences of children born to obese mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy R Howell
- Departments of PsychiatryObstetrics/Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Theresa L Powell
- Departments of PsychiatryObstetrics/Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Taylor BD, Ness RB, Klebanoff MA, Zoh R, Bass D, Hougaard DM, Skogstrand K, Haggerty CL. First and second trimester immune biomarkers in preeclamptic and normotensive women. Pregnancy Hypertens 2016; 6:388-393. [PMID: 27939488 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Circulating immune markers may be associated with preeclampsia but further investigations in early pregnancy and among preeclampsia subtypes are warranted. We examined immune markers in 208 preeclamptic women and 411 normotensive controls. METHODS Our study was nested within the Collaborative Perinatal Project. A total of 242 women had first trimester serum samples and 392 had second trimester serum samples. Preeclampsia was defined as hypertension >20weeks of gestation with proteinuria or pulmonary edema, oliguria, or convulsions. Preterm preeclampsia was defined as preeclampsia with delivery less than 37weeks of gestation. Associations between immune markers RANTES, interleukin (IL)-6, IL4, IL5, IL12, IL10, IL8, IL1-beta, interferon (IFN)-gamma, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and beta, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta and preeclampsia were explored using a modified version of cox regression developed to address data with non-detectable levels. Models were adjusted for body mass index, gestational age of blood sampling, fetal sex, smoking, socioeconomic status and maternal age. RESULTS In first trimester samples, IL-12 was associated with preeclampsia (p=0.0255). IFN-gamma (p=0.0063), IL1-beta (p=0.0006), IL5 (p=0.0422) and TNFr (p=0.0460) were associated with preterm preeclampsia only. In second trimester samples, IL1-beta was associated with preeclampsia (p=0.0180) and term preeclampsia (p=0.0454). After correction for multiple comparisons, only IL1-beta remained associated with preterm preeclampsia in the first trimester (p=0.0288). DISCUSSION Elevated first trimester IL1-beta appears to be associated with preterm preeclampsia. However, few associations were observed in the second trimester. Systemic immune markers alone may not be useful for preeclampsia prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandie D Taylor
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M University, School of Public Health, College Station, TX, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
| | - Roberta B Ness
- University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mark A Klebanoff
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, United States
| | - Roger Zoh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M University, School of Public Health, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Debra Bass
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - David M Hougaard
- Danish Centre for Neonatal Screening, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Immunology and Genetics, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristin Skogstrand
- Danish Centre for Neonatal Screening, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Immunology and Genetics, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Catherine L Haggerty
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Decorin over-expression by decidual cells in preeclampsia: a potential blood biomarker. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 215:361.e1-361.e15. [PMID: 27001218 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2016.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decorin, a leucine-rich proteoglycan that is produced by decidual cells, limits invasion and endovascular differentiation of extravillous trophoblast cells during early placentation by binding to multiple tyrosine kinase receptors, in particular, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2. OBJECTIVE Because many studies have reported an association between poor trophoblast invasion and endovascular differentiation with preeclampsia, the studies reported here tested (1) whether decorin over-expression in the chorionic villi and/or basal decidua is associated with preeclampsia and, if so, (2) whether this association results in a hypoinvasive placenta, and (3) whether elevated plasma decorin concentration in the second trimester is a predictive biomarker for preeclampsia. STUDY DESIGN Decorin messenger RNA expression was measured with quantitative polymerase chain reaction at the tissue level and with in situ hybridization at the cellular level using (35)S-labeled antisense complimentary RNA probe in placentas from healthy control subjects and subjects with preeclampsia (14 each, 23-40 weeks of gestation). Tissue sections of the same placentas were also immunostained for decorin protein. A decorin over-expressing human endometrial stromal cell line was tested for invasion-regulatory effects on an invasive first-trimester extravillous trophoblast cell line HTR-8/SVneo plated in cocultures that were separated by a semipermeable membrane. Furthermore, we conducted retrospective measurements of plasma decorin levels during the second trimester (15-18 weeks of gestation) in a cohort of 28 body mass index-matched pairs of control subjects and subjects with preeclampsia before the onset of clinical disease. RESULTS First, decorin messenger RNA expression at the cellular level measured with in situ hybridization exhibited profoundly higher expression levels in basal plate decidual cells within the placentas from preeclamptic subjects than those from control subjects at all gestational ages, whereas no difference between the 2 subject groups was noted in villus mesenchymal cells. Similarly decorin messenger RNA expression at the tissue level in chorionic villi (primarily resulting from fetally derived mesenchymal cells) did not differ significantly between control and preeclampsia placentas. These findings were validated with immunostaining for decorin protein. Second, knocking down decorin gene in a decorin over-expressing endometrial cell line (used as an in vitro surrogate of decorin over-expressing decidual cells) in cocultures with extravillous trophoblast cells abrogated its invasion-restraining actions on trophoblast cells, which indicated paracrine contribution of decorin over-expressing decidua to the poor trophoblast invasiveness in situ. Finally, retrospective measurement of plasma decorin levels during the second trimester in 28 body mass index-matched pairs of control subjects and subjects with preeclampsia revealed elevated plasma decorin levels in all subjects with preeclampsia in all body mass index groups. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed strong diagnostic performance of plasma decorin in the prediction of preeclampsia status. Although there was no significant gestational age-related change in decorin levels during the second trimester in control or subjects with preeclampsia, we found that plasma decorin had a significant inverse relationship with body mass index or bodyweight. CONCLUSION We conclude that decorin over-expression by basal decidual cells is associated with hypoinvasive phenotype and poor endovascular differentiation of trophoblast cells in preeclampsia and that elevated plasma decorin concentration is a potential predictive biomarker for preeclampsia before the onset of clinical signs.
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Liu L, Han X, Huang Q, Zhu X, Yang J, Liu H. Increased neuronal seizure activity correlates with excessive systemic inflammation in a rat model of severe preeclampsia. Hypertens Res 2016; 39:701-708. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2016.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Taylor BD, Tang G, Ness RB, Olsen J, Hougaard DM, Skogstrand K, Roberts JM, Haggerty CL. Mid-pregnancy circulating immune biomarkers in women with preeclampsia and normotensive controls. Pregnancy Hypertens 2015; 6:72-8. [PMID: 26955776 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine if mid-pregnancy circulating immune biomarkers are associated with preeclampsia. STUDY DESIGN Nested case-control study of 410 preeclamptic women and 297 normotensive controls with primiparous singleton pregnancies enrolled in the Danish National Birth Cohort. The mean gestational age in our cohort is 16 weeks (range 9-26). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Preeclampsia was defined by blood pressure ⩾140/90 mmHg and proteinuria ⩾3 g/24 h. Serum immune biomarkers included interleukin (IL)-6, IL-6 receptor, IL-4, IL-4 receptor, IL-5, IL-12, IL-2, TNF-α, TNF-β, TNF-receptor, IL-1β, IL-1α, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-γ, IL-18, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, macrophage inflammatory protein, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and RANTES. Associations with preeclampsia, term preeclampsia and preterm preeclampsia were determined using two logistic regression models; (1) biomarkers were dichotomized by the limit of detection (LOD); (2) on the continuous scale, non-detectable values were imputed by LOD/2 and transformed (base 2). All models were adjusted for body mass index and smoking. RESULTS IL1β was significantly associated with a decrease in the log odds of preeclampsia (p=0.0065), term preeclampsia (p=0.0230) and preterm preeclampsia (p=0.0068). Results were similar for IL4r and preeclampsia (p=0.0383). In the dichotomized models, detectable TNF-β was significantly associated with preeclampsia (ORadj 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.3) and term preeclampsia (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1-2.5) but not preterm preeclampsia. Detectable IL6 was significantly with term preeclampsia only (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1-2.2). CONCLUSION Mid-pregnancy circulating IL1β, IL4r, IL6, and TNFβ were associated with preeclampsia. However, results were not consistent across statistical models. As the relationship is complex, future studies should explore cytokine clusters in preeclampsia risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandie D Taylor
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Gong Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Roberta B Ness
- University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jørn Olsen
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - David M Hougaard
- Danish Centre for Neonatal Screening, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Immunology and Genetics, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristin Skogstrand
- Danish Centre for Neonatal Screening, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Immunology and Genetics, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - James M Roberts
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; University of Pittsburgh Clinical and Translational Research, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Catherine L Haggerty
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Wang P, Yu X, Guan PP, Guo JW, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhao H, Wang ZY. Magnesium ion influx reduces neuroinflammation in Aβ precursor protein/Presenilin 1 transgenic mice by suppressing the expression of interleukin-1β. Cell Mol Immunol 2015; 14:451-464. [PMID: 26549801 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2015.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been associated with magnesium ion (Mg2+) deficits and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) elevations in the serum or brains of AD patients. However, the mechanisms regulating IL-1β expression during Mg2+ dyshomeostasis in AD remain unknown. We herein studied the mechanism of IL-1β reduction using a recently developed compound, magnesium-L-threonate (MgT). Using human glioblastoma A172 and mouse brain D1A glial cells as an in vitro model system, we delineated the signaling pathways by which MgT suppressed the expression of IL-1β in glial cells. In detail, we found that MgT incubation stimulated the activity of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) signaling pathways by phosphorylation, which resulted in IL-1β suppression. Simultaneous inhibition of the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and PPARγ induced IL-1β upregulation in MgT-stimulated glial cells. In accordance with our in vitro data, the intracerebroventricular (i.c.v) injection of MgT into the ventricles of APP/PS1 transgenic mice and treatment of Aβ precursor protein (APP)/PS1 brain slices suppressed the mRNA and protein expression of IL-1β. These in vivo observations were further supported by the oral administration of MgT for 5 months. Importantly, Mg2+ influx into the ventricles of the mice blocked the effects of IL-1β or amyloid β-protein oligomers in the cerebrospinal fluid. This reduced the stimulation of IL-1β expression in the cerebral cortex of APP/PS1 transgenic mice, which potentially contributed to the inhibition of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Xin Yu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Pei-Pei Guan
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Wen Guo
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Hang Zhao
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Zhan-You Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, P. R. China
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Hu E, Ding L, Miao H, Liu F, Liu D, Dou H, Hou Y. MiR-30a attenuates immunosuppressive functions of IL-1β-elicited mesenchymal stem cells via targeting TAB3. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:3899-907. [PMID: 26555189 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess the ability to modulate the immune response, and their abnormalities are related to several diseases. We previously reported that miR-30a expression significantly increased in the maternal-fetal interface during preeclampsia (PE), but the effects of miR-30a on the immunoregulatory characteristics of MSCs are unclear. In this study, we determined that miR-30a over-expression inhibited the IL-1β-elicited activation of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and JNK signaling pathways and the production of IL-6, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) and IL-8 by targeting transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 binding protein 3 (TAB3) in MSCs. Moreover, the over-expression of miR-30a also impaired MSCs' anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages. These data demonstrated that miR-30a in MSCs may participate in the immune dysregulation of the maternal-fetal interface during PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erling Hu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Liang Ding
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Huishuang Miao
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Fei Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Dan Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Huan Dou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Yayi Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing 210093, PR China.
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DeSousa J, Tong M, Wei J, Chamley L, Stone P, Chen Q. The anti-inflammatory effect of calcium for preventing endothelial cell activation in preeclampsia. J Hum Hypertens 2015; 30:303-8. [PMID: 26155993 DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2015.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a disorder of pregnancy characterized by endothelial activation. It is believed to be a response to a 'toxin(s)' from the placenta including trophoblastic debris and inflammatory cytokines. Calcium is known to reduce the risk of preeclampsia but the mechanism of its protective effect remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the potential mechanism(s) of calcium supplementation for preventing endothelial activation induced by trophoblastic debris. Trophoblastic debris was harvested from preeclamptic placentae and also from first-trimester placentae, which had been treated with preeclamptic sera. Endothelial cells were then cultured with trophoblastic debris in the presence of calcium. Endothelial activation was measured by quantifying endothelial cell-surface intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and by U937 monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. The expression of ICAM-1 and U937 adhesion to endothelial cells were significantly reduced following exposure of endothelial cells to trophoblastic debris from preeclamptic placenta or from first-trimester placentae treated with preeclamptic sera in the presence of calcium compared with treatment without calcium. The expression of ICAM-1 was also significantly reduced following exposure of endothelial cells to trophoblastic debris with the nitric oxide donor or following treatment of endothelial cells with interleukin (IL)-1β in the presence of calcium. Our study demonstrated that calcium supplementation prevented endothelial cell activation induced by trophoblastic debris from preeclamptic placentae. The nitric oxide synthase (NOS) pathway and anti-inflammatory effects are involved in the action of calcium on endothelial cell activation. These findings may suggest, at least in part, the protective mechanism of calcium supplementation on preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J DeSousa
- Maternal Fetal Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - M Tong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - J Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - L Chamley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - P Stone
- Maternal Fetal Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Q Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,The Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Southcombe JH, Redman CWG, Sargent IL, Granne I. Interleukin-1 family cytokines and their regulatory proteins in normal pregnancy and pre-eclampsia. Clin Exp Immunol 2015; 181:480-90. [PMID: 25693732 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal systemic inflammation is a feature of pre-eclampsia, a condition in pregnancy characterized by hypertension and proteinuria. Pre-eclampsia is caused by the placenta; many placental factors contribute to the syndrome's progression, and proinflammatory cytokines have been identified previously as one such mediator. The interleukin (IL)-1 family of cytokines are key regulators of the inflammatory network, and two naturally occurring regulatory molecules for IL-1 family cytokines, IL-1RA and sST2, have been found previously to be elevated in maternal blood from women with pre-eclampsia. Here we investigate more recently identified IL-1 family cytokines and regulatory molecules, IL-1RAcP, IL-37, IL-18BP, IL-36α/β/γ/Ra and IL-38 in pre-eclampsia. Pregnant women have more circulating IL-18BP and IL-36Ra than non-pregnant women, and sIL-1RAcP is elevated from women with pre-eclampsia compared to normal pregnancies. The placenta expresses all the molecules, and IL-37 and IL-18BP are up-regulated significantly in pre-eclampsia placentas compared to those from normal pregnancies. Together, these changes contribute to the required inhibition of maternal systemic cytotoxic immunity in normal pregnancy; however, in pre-eclampsia the same profile is not seen. Interestingly, the increased circulating levels of sIL-1RAcP and increased placental IL-18BP and IL-37, the latter of which we show to be induced by hypoxic damage to the placenta, are all factors which are anti-inflammatory. While the placenta is often held responsible for the damage and clinical symptoms of pre-eclampsia by the research community, here we show that the pre-eclampsia placenta is also trying to prevent inflammatory damage to the mother.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Southcombe
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Level 3 Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - C W G Redman
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Level 3 Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - I L Sargent
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Level 3 Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - I Granne
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Level 3 Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
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Shah DA, Khalil RA. Bioactive factors in uteroplacental and systemic circulation link placental ischemia to generalized vascular dysfunction in hypertensive pregnancy and preeclampsia. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 95:211-26. [PMID: 25916268 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-associated disorder characterized by hypertension, and could lead to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality; however, the pathophysiological mechanisms involved are unclear. Predisposing demographic, genetic and environmental risk factors could cause localized abnormalities in uteroplacental cytoactive factors such as integrins, matrix metalloproteinases, cytokines and major histocompatibility complex molecules leading to decreased vascular remodeling, uteroplacental vasoconstriction, trophoblast cells apoptosis, and abnormal development of the placenta. Defective placentation and decreased trophoblast invasion of the myometrium cause reduction in uteroplacental perfusion pressure (RUPP) and placental ischemia/hypoxia, an important event in preeclampsia. RUPP could stimulate the release of circulating bioactive factors such as the anti-angiogenic factors soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 and soluble endoglin that cause imbalance with the pro-angiogenic factors vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor, or cause the release of inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species, hypoxia-induced factor-1 and AT1 angiotensin receptor agonistic autoantibodies. The circulating bioactive factors target endothelial cells causing generalized endotheliosis, endothelial dysfunction, decreased vasodilators such as nitric oxide and prostacyclin and increased vasoconstrictors such as endothelin-1 and thromboxane A2, leading to increased vasoconstriction. The bioactive factors also stimulate the mechanisms of VSM contraction including Ca(2+), protein kinase C, and Rho-kinase and induce extracellular matrix remodeling leading to further vasoconstriction and hypertension. While therapeutic options are currently limited, understanding the underlying mechanisms could help design new interventions for management of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania A Shah
- Vascular Surgery Research Laboratory, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Raouf A Khalil
- Vascular Surgery Research Laboratory, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Wang X, Liu M, Liu Z, Niu Z, Liu S. The Association of CARD8 rs2043211 Polymorphism with Preeclampsia in the Chinese Han Population. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2015; 80:193-8. [PMID: 25895569 DOI: 10.1159/000377630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of our study was to investigate the association between polymorphism of rs2043211 in CARD8 and susceptibility to preeclampsia (PE) in the Chinese Han population. METHODS 261 PE patients and 451 controls were genotyped for rs2043211 with the method of TaqMan allele discrimination assays. Clinical data were collected to perform genotype-phenotype analysis. RESULTS Our study suggested that the rs2043211 variant was associated with the development of PE in the Chinese Han population. The genotypic and allelic frequencies differed significantly between the two groups (x03C7;2 = 8.198, p = 0.017 by genotype; x03C7;2 = 6.741, p = 0.009 by allele). The T allele was the risk allele for predisposition to PE (OR = 1.331, 95% CI 1.072-1.652). CONCLUSION The polymorphism of rs2043211 in CARD8 may be a relevant host susceptibility factor for the development of PE in the Chinese Han population.
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Zhang X, Bo A, Chi B, Xia Y, Su X, Sun J. Magnesium Sulfate Induced Toxicity in Vitro in AGS Gastric Adenocarcinoma Cells and in Vivo in Mouse Gastric Mucosa. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:71-6. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.1.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Wang X, Jiang F, Liang Y, Xu L, Li H, Liu Y, Liu S, Ye Y. Interleukin-1β-31C/T and -511T/C polymorphisms were associated with preeclampsia in Chinese Han population. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106919. [PMID: 25222025 PMCID: PMC4164436 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of our study is to investigate the relationship between IL-1β -31C/T (rs1143627) and -511T/C (rs16944) polymorphisms and the preeclampsia (PE), and analyze the Linkage disequilibrium (LD) and haplotype frequency of the two polymorphism loci. Methods Polymorphisms at -31C/T and -511T/C of IL-1β were genotyped with the method of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR- RFLP) in 232 PE and 447 control subjects. Genotype and allele frequencies between case-control groups were compared by chi-square(X2) tests. Two-point LD and haplotype frequency analyses were done with the software Haploview4.2. Results Significant statistical differences were found between PE and control groups regarding genotype and allele frequencies of the two polymorphisms of IL-1β (For IL-1β -31C/T: X2 = 11.478, P = 0.003; For IL-1β-511T/C: X2 = 9.687, P = 0.008). LD analysis revealed that the IL-1β -31C/T SNP was in high LD with the IL-1β-511C/T SNP(D′ = 0.92, r2 = 0.79). Both CT and TC haplotypes showed significant differences between case and control groups. Only the plasma level of Prothrombin Time had a significantly statistical difference among TT, CT and CC groups of the preeclamptic two polymorphisms of IL-1β-31C/T and -511T/C (for IL-1β-31C/T, F = 1.644, P = 0.01; F = 1.587, P = 0.016). Conclusion Our results revealed IL-1β was associated with the PE in Chinese Han population. The CT haplotype may increase the risk of PE, while haplotype TC could be considered as a protective haplotype of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Wang
- Prenatal diagnosis center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fengli Jiang
- Department of clinical laboratory diagnosis, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu Liang
- Department of Interventional radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lina Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Heze Medical College, Heze, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- Department of Interventional radiology, The Songshan Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yali Liu
- Internal medicine, The Qingdao Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Qingdao, Qingdao, China
| | - Shiguo Liu
- Prenatal diagnosis center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- * E-mail: (SL); (YY)
| | - Yuanhua Ye
- Prenatal diagnosis center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- * E-mail: (SL); (YY)
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50
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Li J, Liu M, Zong J, Tan P, Wang J, Wang X, Ye Y, Liu S, Liu X. Genetic variations in IL1A and IL1RN are associated with the risk of preeclampsia in Chinese Han population. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5250. [PMID: 24918527 PMCID: PMC4052713 DOI: 10.1038/srep05250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is an excessive systemic inflammation response with dysfunction of endothelial. Our study was to investigate the association between genetic variations in IL-1 and the susceptibility to PE in Chinese Han population. 402 PE patients and 554 normal pregnant women of third trimester were enrolled. The polymorphisms of rs315952 in IL1RN and rs17561 in IL1A were genotyped by TaqMan allelic discrimination real-time PCR. Obviously statistic difference of the genotypic frequencies were found in both of IL1RN rs315952 and IL1A rs17561 between cases and controls (for rs315952, P = 0.001; for rs17561, P = 0.021.). For rs315952, the C allele was associated with development of PE (P = 0.003, OR = 1.319, 95%CI 1.099–1.583). Patients with CC or CT genotype were less likely to develop severe PE than patients carrying TT genotype(P< 0.001, OR = 0.24, 95%CI 0.15–0.40). For rs17561, the C allele was the risk factor for predisposition to PE (P = 0.012, OR = 1.496, 95%CI 1.089–2.055). Our results suggest IL1RN and IL1A may involve in the development of PE in Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- 1] Department of clinical laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China [2]
| | - Mengchun Liu
- 1] Nephrology department, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China [2]
| | - Jinbao Zong
- Department of clinical laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Ping Tan
- Obstetrical department, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jingli Wang
- Genetic Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xunfeng Wang
- Genetic Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yuanhua Ye
- Obstetrical department, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Shiguo Liu
- 1] Obstetrical department, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China [2] Genetic Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Nephrology department, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
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