1
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Lindequist U. Medicinal Mushrooms as Multicomponent Mixtures-Demonstrated with the Example of Lentinula edodes. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:153. [PMID: 38392825 PMCID: PMC10890338 DOI: 10.3390/jof10020153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Medicinal mushrooms are multicomponent mixtures (MOCSs). They consist of a large number of individual compounds, each with different chemical structures, functions, and possible pharmacological activities. In contrast to the activity of an isolated pure substance, the effects of the individual substances in a mushroom or its extracts can influence each other; they can strengthen, weaken, or complement each other. This results in both advantages and disadvantages for the use of either a pure substance or a multicomponent mixture. The review describes the differences and challenges in the preparation, characterization, and application of complex mixtures compared to pure substances, both obtained from the same species. As an example, we use the medicinal and culinary mushroom Lentinula edodes, shiitake, and some of its isolated compounds, mainly lentinan and eritadenine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Lindequist
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Greifswald, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany
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2
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Rangsinth P, Sharika R, Pattarachotanant N, Duangjan C, Wongwan C, Sillapachaiyaporn C, Nilkhet S, Wongsirojkul N, Prasansuklab A, Tencomnao T, Leung GPH, Chuchawankul S. Potential Beneficial Effects and Pharmacological Properties of Ergosterol, a Common Bioactive Compound in Edible Mushrooms. Foods 2023; 12:2529. [PMID: 37444267 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ergosterol is an important sterol commonly found in edible mushrooms, and it has important nutritional value and pharmacological activity. Ergosterol is a provitamin. It has been well established that edible mushrooms are an excellent food source of vitamin D2 because ergosterol is a precursor that is converted to vitamin D2 under ultraviolet radiation. The pharmacological effects of ergosterol, which include antimicrobial, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-neurodegenerative, and other activities, have also been reported. This review aims to provide an overview of the available evidence regarding the pharmacological effects of ergosterol and its underlying mechanisms of action. Their potential benefits and applications are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panthakarn Rangsinth
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rajasekharan Sharika
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nattaporn Pattarachotanant
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chatrawee Duangjan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Chamaiphron Wongwan
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chanin Sillapachaiyaporn
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sunita Nilkhet
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nichaporn Wongsirojkul
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Anchalee Prasansuklab
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tewin Tencomnao
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - George Pak-Heng Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siriporn Chuchawankul
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Immunomodulation of Natural Products Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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3
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Ahmad I, Arif M, Mimi X, Zhang J, Ding Y, Lyu F. Therapeutic values and nutraceutical properties of shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes): A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
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4
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Soroko-Dubrovina M, Górniak W, Zielińska P, Górniak A, Čebulj-Kadunc N, Korczyński M. Evaluation of Shiitake Mushroom ( Lentinula edodes) Supplementation on the Blood Parameters of Young Thoroughbred Racehorses. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12223212. [PMID: 36428438 PMCID: PMC9686513 DOI: 10.3390/ani12223212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) supplementation on the hematology and biochemical blood parameters of young Thoroughbred racehorses. The study was conducted with 20 horses divided into two groups: the supplemented and the control group. The supplemented group was given 30 g of L. edodes daily for four months. One blood sample was collected four times from each horse at four-week intervals. The hematology analysis in the supplemented group showed a higher level of monocytes at day 56 when compared to the control group (p = 0.000986). Biochemical analysis showed that alkaline phosphatase is most sensitive to shiitake mushroom supplementation, with statistically significant lower levels in supplemented group compared to the control group on all individual days of blood sampling. It was also found that supplementation had an effect on the decrease of glucose levels on days 28 (p = 0.009109) and 56 y (p = 0.025749), on reduction aspartate aminotransferase level on day 56 (p = 0.017258) and a decrease of lactic acid on day 28 of sampling (p = 0.037636). Cholesterol levels decreased consistently in all individual days of blood sampling. Further studies are needed to show the influence of supplementation with shiitake mushroom in larger groups of horses over a longer period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Soroko-Dubrovina
- Institute of Animal Breeding, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 38C, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Wanda Górniak
- Department of Automotive Engineering, Mechanical Faculty, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Na Grobli 13, 50-421 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Zielińska
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Plac Grunwaldzki 51, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksander Górniak
- Department of Automotive Engineering, Mechanical Faculty, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Na Grobli 13, 50-421 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Nina Čebulj-Kadunc
- Institute of Preclinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mariusz Korczyński
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 38C, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
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5
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Deciphering the Potential of Pre and Pro-Vitamin D of Mushrooms against Mpro and PLpro Proteases of COVID-19: An In Silico Approach. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175620. [PMID: 36080385 PMCID: PMC9458008 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D’s role in combating the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), the virus causing COVID-19, has been established in unveiling viable inhibitors of COVID-19. The current study investigated the role of pre and pro-vitamin D bioactives from edible mushrooms against Mpro and PLpro proteases of SARS-CoV-2 by computational experiments. The bioactives of mushrooms, specifically ergosterol (provitamin D2), 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin-D3), 22,23-dihydroergocalciferol (provitamin-D4), cholecalciferol (vitamin-D3), and ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) were screened against Mpro and PLpro. Molecular docking analyses of the generated bioactive protease complexes unravelled the differential docking energies, which ranged from −7.5 kcal/mol to −4.5 kcal/mol. Ergosterol exhibited the lowest binding energy (−7.5 kcal/mol) against Mpro and PLpro (−5.9 kcal/mol). The Molecular Mechanics Poisson–Boltzmann Surface Area (MMPBSA) and MD simulation analyses indicated that the generated complexes were stable, thus affirming the putative binding of the bioactives to viral proteases. Considering the pivotal role of vitamin D bioactives, their direct interactions against SARS-CoV-2 proteases highlight the promising role of bioactives present in mushrooms as potent nutraceuticals against COVID-19.
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Szacawa E, Dudek K, Wasiak M, Bednarek D, Bederska-Łojewska D, Muszyńska B, Pieszka M. Effect of Supplementation with the Combination of Se-Enriched Lentinula edodes Mycelium, Exogenous Enzymes, Acidifiers, Sodium Butyrate and Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticle Feed Additives on Selected Parameters in Calves. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165163. [PMID: 36014403 PMCID: PMC9413389 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
During the initial months of calves’ lives, the young animals are exposed to bacterial and viral infections, and during this period, crucial physiological changes take place in their organisms. Offering calves feed additives that will have a beneficial influence on their organisms and improve their growth while reducing the morbidity rate is the optimal task of feeding. This is the first study to investigate the effect of experimental supplementation for calves with the combination of two feed additives—one containing Lentinula edodes enriched with selenium (Se), and the second containing pancreatic-like enzymes, fat-coated organic acids, sodium butyrate, and silicon dioxide nanoparticles—on the serum Se concentration, selected immune parameters, and the average daily gains in the calves. During the study, the serum Se concentration was examined by means of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the immunoglobulin and cytokine concentrations with ELISA assays. The white blood cell (WBC) count with leukocyte differentiation was examined with the use of a hematological analyzer, and the percentages of subpopulations of T lymphocytes and monocytes, phagocytic activity, and oxidative burst of monocytes and granulocytes with the use of a flow cytometer. The average daily gains of the calves were also evaluated. In summary, the supplementation of the experimental calves with the combination of two feed additives resulted in significantly higher serum Se concentrations, and the immune systems of the calves were not suppressed while the examined feed additives were being delivered. Although not statistically significant, some positive effects on the calves were seen: a tendency towards the improvement of some of the immune parameters evaluated, and a tendency for higher average daily gains in the calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Szacawa
- Department of Cattle and Sheep Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Katarzyna Dudek
- Department of Cattle and Sheep Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wasiak
- Department of Pathology, National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Dariusz Bednarek
- Department of Cattle and Sheep Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Dorota Bederska-Łojewska
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, National Research Institute of Animal Production, 32-083 Balice, Poland
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Bożena Muszyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marek Pieszka
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, National Research Institute of Animal Production, 32-083 Balice, Poland
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7
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Effect of Two Feed Additives-One Multicomponent Based on Nanosilica and the Second Containing Mycelium of Lentinula edodes Fortified with Selenium-On Production Parameters and Histological Analysis of Calves' Duodenum and Abdominal Rumen. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12101246. [PMID: 35625091 PMCID: PMC9137528 DOI: 10.3390/ani12101246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
With this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of two multicomponent feed additives given to animals from 10 to 70 d with milk replacer on the production parameters of reared calves: serum selenium level and histology of duodenum and rumen. The first additive was based on nanosilica (3000 mg) containing pancreatic enzymes (protease (18 mg), lipase (45 mg)), a mixture of fat-coated organic acids (2000 mg) (fumaric, malic, citric, and sorbic acids), and sodium butyrate (10,000 mg) (nanosilica/E/OA/SB), whereas the second was based on the mycelium of L. edodes (7 g) enriched in selenium (0.058 mg/g d.w.) (L. edodes/Se). The study was conducted on 18 male crossbred Holstein dairy calves from birth to 70 days of age, which were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups (six animals in each). From each group, three animals were sacrificed at 70 days of age, and histological analysis of the digestive tract (abdominal rumen and small intestine) was performed. It was observed that the additives used did not have any effect on growth performance and hematological or biochemical parameters. However, higher levels of selenium were found in serum in the calves fed with modified L. edodes mycelium on days 35 and 70 (44.33 and 51.33 µg/L in the control group and 132 and 93 µg/L in the L. edodes/Se group, respectively; p < 0.001). Moreover, we noticed lower average daily milk replacer intake at 35−42 d, which increased significantly from 42 to 70 d in the animals receiving L. edodes/Se.
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8
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Ho LH, Tan TC, Chong LC. Designer foods as an effective approach to enhance disease preventative properties of food through its health functionalities. FUTURE FOODS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-91001-9.00031-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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9
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Tiwari A, Singh G, Singh U, Sapra L, Rana V, Sharma V, Srivastava RK, Sharma S. Edible mushrooms: The potential game changer in alleviating vitamin D deficiency and improving human health. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhay Tiwari
- Centre for Rural Development & Technology Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) New Delhi India
| | - Garima Singh
- Centre for Rural Development & Technology Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) New Delhi India
| | - Umesh Singh
- Centre for Rural Development & Technology Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) New Delhi India
| | - Leena Sapra
- Department of Biotechnology All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) New Delhi India
| | - Vikrant Rana
- Department of Applied Agriculture School of Basic and Applied Sciences Central University of Punjab Bathinda Punjab India
| | - Vasudha Sharma
- Department of Food Technology Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Rupesh K. Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) New Delhi India
| | - Satyawati Sharma
- Centre for Rural Development & Technology Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) New Delhi India
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10
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Yadav D, Negi PS. Bioactive components of mushrooms: Processing effects and health benefits. Food Res Int 2021; 148:110599. [PMID: 34507744 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mushrooms have been recognized for their culinary attributes for long and were relished in the most influential civilizations in history. Currently, they are the focus of renewed research because of their therapeutic abilities. Nutritional benefits from mushrooms are in the form of a significant source of essential proteins, dietary non-digestible carbohydrates, unsaturated fats, minerals, as well as various vitamins, which have enhanced its consumption, and also resulted in the development of various processed mushroom products. Mushrooms are also a crucial ingredient in traditional medicine for their healing potential and curative properties. The literature on the nutritional, nutraceutical, and therapeutic potential of mushrooms, and their use as functional foods for the maintenance of health was reviewed, and the available literature indicates the enormous potential of the bioactive compounds present in mushrooms. Future research should be focused on the development of processes to retain the mushroom bioactive components, and valorization of waste generated during processing. Further, the mechanisms of action of mushroom bioactive components should be studied in detail to delineate their diverse roles and functions in the prevention and treatment of several diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Yadav
- Department of Fruit and Vegetables Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 570020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Pradeep Singh Negi
- Department of Fruit and Vegetables Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 570020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India.
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11
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Dey DK, Chang SN, Gu JY, Kim KM, Lee JJ, Kim TH, Kang SC. Ultraviolet B-irradiated mushroom supplementation increased the Ca ++ uptake and ameliorated the LPS-induced inflammatory responses in zebrafish larvae. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13742. [PMID: 33931887 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The harmful effects of excessive ultraviolet (UV) exposure are well known. However, moderate exposure to UV radiation is beneficial and required for active vitamin D synthesis in our body. People living in the coldest regions on the earth are unable to expose their skin to the solar UV radiation and, therefore, additional supplementation of Vitamin D2 is recommended. Mushrooms are one such consumable macrofungi, which has high vitamin content and therefore used in various traditional medicines. Particularly, UVB-irradiated mushrooms are rich in active vitamin D content and that is why recommended to include in the daily diets for the patients suffering from the problems associated with bone mineralization. In the present study, we evaluated the cytotoxic effect of mushroom extract (UVB-ME) (Lentinus edodes) treatment against MG-63 cells, HepG2 cells, and CCD 841 CoN cells. Furthermore, we elucidated the potential of UVB-ME on Ca++ uptake in osteoblast-like MG-63 cells. Next, we validated the response of Ca++ uptake on the growth and development of zebrafish larvae. In addition, the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory potential of UVB-ME treatment against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response was also analyzed in vivo. Collectively, the study suggested that dietary supplementation of UVB-irradiated mushroom is beneficial for bone calcification and could modulate the host immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasish Kumar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ji Ye Gu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Min Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Tae Hee Kim
- Naturetech Co. Ltd., Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Chul Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
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12
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Bio-funcional components in mushrooms, a health opportunity: Ergothionine and huitlacohe as recent trends. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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13
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Muszyńska B, Szacawa E, Bederska-Łojewska D, Dudek K, Pomierny B, Włodarczyk A, Kała K, Lazur J, Suchocki P, Budziszewska B, Bednarek D, Pieszka M. Preliminary study on Se-enriched Lentinula edodes mycelium as a proposal of new feed additive in selenium deficiency. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233456. [PMID: 32437465 PMCID: PMC7241721 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of selenium in European soil is low and this causes its deficiency in livestock and, in consequence, in humans. This study aimed to obtain Lentinula (L.) edodes mycelium with the maximum content of selenium. This species was used for experiment based on its documented medicinal properties. Calves were fed with selenium-enriched L. edodes mycelium, and serum selenium concentration, average daily weight gains and selected immune parameters were estimated. The selenium-enriched mushroom was found to be safe based on cytotoxicity tests (MTT and LDH tests) and for this reason it was used for further experiments. The mean quantity of selenium in the serum of calves fed with selenium-enriched L. edodes mycelium was significantly higher than that of control calves. Additionally, the calves fed with selenium-enriched L. edodes mycelium had higher body weight gains than those of control calves. White blood cell counts and subpopulations of lymphocytes in the experimental and control calves were within the reference range. The administration of L. edodes enriched with selenium had a beneficial effect on state of health of the calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Muszyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewelina Szacawa
- Department of Cattle and Sheep Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Dorota Bederska-Łojewska
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Dudek
- Department of Cattle and Sheep Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Bartosz Pomierny
- Department of Biochemical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Włodarczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kała
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jan Lazur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Piotr Suchocki
- Department of Bioanalysis and Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Warsaw Medical University, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Bogusława Budziszewska
- Department of Biochemical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dariusz Bednarek
- Department of Cattle and Sheep Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Marek Pieszka
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland
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14
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Muszyńska B, Kała K, Włodarczyk A, Krakowska A, Ostachowicz B, Gdula-Argasińska J, Suchocki P. Lentinula edodes as a Source of Bioelements Released into Artificial Digestive Juices and Potential Anti-inflammatory Material. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 194:603-613. [PMID: 31256391 PMCID: PMC7015957 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01782-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Lentinula edodes (shiitake), an edible and medicinal mushroom, was chosen for this study with the aim of evaluating the possibility of release of bioelements into artificial digestive juices and analyzing the anti-inflammatory properties. The extracts were prepared from fruiting bodies and biomass enriched with copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se). The content of bioelements was analyzed by total reflection X-ray fluorescence method. Relatively low content of elements was observed in the fruiting bodies: Cu-1.6, Zn-7.6, and Se-0.12 mg/100 g d.w. compared to mycelial cultures. The anti-inflammatory properties were evaluated in RAW 264.7 cells. Based on the levels of cyclooxygenase 2 protein, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ determined using Western blot technique, it was found that the addition of bioelements enhanced the anti-inflammatory properties of mycelium. This indicates that L. edodes cultured on a suitable medium may be used as a potential component of anti-inflammatory products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Muszyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Kała
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Włodarczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agata Krakowska
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Beata Ostachowicz
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Sciences, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Gdula-Argasińska
- Department of Radioligands, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Piotr Suchocki
- Department of Bioanalysis and Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097, Warszawa, Poland
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15
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Shan Y, Jiang B, Yu J, Wang J, Wang X, Li H, Wang C, Chen J, Sun J. Protective Effect of Schisandra chinensis Polysaccharides Against the Immunological Liver Injury in Mice Based on Nrf2/ARE and TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. J Med Food 2019; 22:885-895. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2018.4377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Shan
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Clinical Laboratory, Jilin People's Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - Jiahui Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Jiaye Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - He Li
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | | | - Jinghui Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
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The possible protective effects of vitamin D and L-carnitine against used atorvastatin-induced myopathy and hepatotoxicity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-019-03016-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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Sułkowska-Ziaja K, Szewczyk A, Galanty A, Gdula-Argasińska J, Muszyńska B. Chemical composition and biological activity of extracts from fruiting bodies and mycelial cultures of Fomitopsis betulina. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:2535-2544. [PMID: 30317427 PMCID: PMC6267243 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4420-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fomitopsis betulina (Bull.) B.K. Cui, M.L. Han & Y.C. Dai has been used for medicinal purposes for over 5000 years. Numerous studies have confirmed the biological activity of compounds found in this species. The purpose of this study was a comparative analysis of selected groups of metabolites in the extracts from fruiting bodies and mycelial cultures. Phenolic acids (syringic, gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, 3,4-dihydrophenylacetic), indole compounds (L-tryptophan, 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan, 5-methyltryptamine), sterols (ergosterol, ergosterol peroxide, hexestrol, cholecalciferol), and triterpenes (betulinic acid, betulin) were determined quantitatively by high performance liquid chromatography with UV-Vis/DAD detection, while fatty acids were assessed with the gas chromatography method. Cytotoxic activity against selected human cancer cell lines was determined using the lactate dehydrogenase test. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated on lipopolysaccharide activated A549 cells. Those extracts with anti-inflammatory activity were evaluated for their inhibition of pro-inflammatory enzymes. The mycelium extract exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against prostate cancer cells, while the fruiting body extract indicated a moderate effect on the viability of melanoma and prostate cancer. Incubation of lung epithelial cells with biomass extract significantly decreased cyclooxygenase-2 levels compared to LPS activated A549 cells. This paper is the first report of a comparative quantitative analysis of the metabolites in mycelial cultures and fruiting bodies. In addition, a novel element of this study is its comparison of the cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activity of the obtained extracts. The results of comparing the composition and activity of mycelium and fruiting bodies shows that the cultures could be proposed as a potential biotechnological source for selected biologically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Sułkowska-Ziaja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Szewczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Galanty
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Gdula-Argasińska
- Department of Radioligands, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Bożena Muszyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
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18
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Future of Treatment for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: Can the Use of Safe, Evidence-Based, Clinically Proven Supplements Provide the Answer to the Unmet Need? Dig Dis Sci 2018; 63:1726-1736. [PMID: 29679298 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-018-5080-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The epidemic of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has created a real and unmet therapeutic need. The long regulatory pathway and the focus on selected subsets of patients with established and advanced disease are some of the current obstacles to providing effective treatment for the majority of NAFLD patients. The complexity of the disease pathogenesis, which involves multiple mechanisms, requires targeting of more than one pathway or a combination-based therapy. Although the drugs being developed may prevent progression to cirrhosis or may decrease negative liver outcomes, their effects on cardiometabolic health and cancer prevention remain unknown. Providing expensive compounds to a large proportion of the population for long-term use would place an economic burden on health care providers. Thus, there is a missed opportunity for early intervention in the course of the disease, by providing agents that improve cardiometabolic status and the progression of fatty liver toward steatohepatitis. Several natural supplements have the potential to meet these needs. This review discusses some of the major obstacles to drug development for NASH treatment. Milestones in bringing evidenced-based, scientifically proven, patent-protected, clinically tested, safe compounds to patients with NAFLD or NASH within a relatively short period of time are presented. The regulatory, intellectual property, manufacturing, and clinical development steps, along with applicable timelines, are discussed. These compounds may provide a possible solution to the challenges associated with the treatment of the majority of patients.
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19
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Chemical and Bioactive Profiling of Wild Edible Mushrooms. Fungal Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-02622-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Mushrooms: Isolation and Purification of Exopolysaccharides. Fungal Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-02622-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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Drori A, Rotnemer-Golinkin D, Avni S, Drori A, Danay O, Levanon D, Tam J, Zolotarev L, Ilan Y. Attenuating the rate of total body fat accumulation and alleviating liver damage by oral administration of vitamin D-enriched edible mushrooms in a diet-induced obesity murine model is mediated by an anti-inflammatory paradigm shift. BMC Gastroenterol 2017; 17:130. [PMID: 29179679 PMCID: PMC5704499 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-017-0688-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypovitaminosis D is associated with many features of the metabolic syndrome, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Vitamin D-enriched mushrooms extracts exert a synergistic anti-inflammatory effect. The aim of the present study is to determine the immunomodulatory effect of oral administration of vitamin D-enriched mushrooms extracts on high-fat diet (HFD) animal model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Methods C57BL/6 mice on HFD were orally administered with vitamin D supplement, Lentinula edodes (LE) mushrooms extract, or vitamin D-enriched mushrooms extract for 25 weeks. Mice were studied for the effect of the treatment on the immune system, liver functions and histology, insulin resistance and lipid profile. Results Treatment with vitamin D-enriched LE extracts was associated with significant attenuation of the rate of total body fat accumulation, along with a decrease in hepatic fat content as measured by an EchoMRI. Significant alleviation of liver damage manifested by a marked decrease in ALT, and AST serum levels (from 900 and 1021 U/L in the control group to 313 and 340; 294 and 292; and 366 and 321 U/L for ALT and AST, in Vit D, LE and LE + Vit D treated groups, respectively). A corresponding effect on hepatocyte ballooning were also noted. A significant decrease in serum triglycerides (from 103 to 75, 69 and 72 mg/dL), total cholesterol (from 267 to 160, 157 and 184 mg/dL), and LDL cholesterol (from 193 mg/dL to 133, 115 and 124 mg/dL) along with an increase in the HDL/LDL ratio, and improved glucose levels were documented. These beneficial effects were associated with a systemic immunomodulatory effect associated with an increased CD4/CD8 lymphocyte ratio (from 1.38 in the control group to 1.69, 1.71 and 1.63), and a pro- to an anti-inflammatory cytokine shift. Conclusions Oral administration of vitamin-D enriched mushrooms extracts exerts an immune modulatory hepato-protective effect in NASH model.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Drori
- Gastroenterology and Liver Units, Department of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, P.O.B 12000, -91120, Jerusalem, IL, Israel
| | - D Rotnemer-Golinkin
- Gastroenterology and Liver Units, Department of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, P.O.B 12000, -91120, Jerusalem, IL, Israel
| | - S Avni
- Migal, Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - A Drori
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - O Danay
- Migal, Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - D Levanon
- Migal, Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - J Tam
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - L Zolotarev
- Gastroenterology and Liver Units, Department of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, P.O.B 12000, -91120, Jerusalem, IL, Israel
| | - Y Ilan
- Gastroenterology and Liver Units, Department of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, P.O.B 12000, -91120, Jerusalem, IL, Israel.
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Muszyńska B, Grzywacz-Kisielewska A, Kała K, Gdula-Argasińska J. Anti-inflammatory properties of edible mushrooms: A review. Food Chem 2017; 243:373-381. [PMID: 29146352 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.09.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Mushrooms have been used extensively, owing to their nutritional and medicinal value, for thousands of years. Modern research confirms the therapeutic effect of traditionally used species. Inflammation is a natural response of the immune system to damaging factors, e.g. physical, chemical and pathogenic. Deficiencies of antioxidants, vitamins, and microelements, as well as physiological processes, such as aging, can affect the body's ability to resolve inflammation. Mushrooms are rich in anti-inflammatory components, such as polysaccharides, phenolic and indolic compounds, mycosteroids, fatty acids, carotenoids, vitamins, and biometals. Metabolites from mushrooms of the Basidiomycota taxon possess antioxidant, anticancer, and most significantly, anti-inflammatory properties. Recent reports indicate that edible mushroom extracts exhibit favourable therapeutic and health-promoting benefits, particularly in relation to diseases associated with inflammation. In all certainty, edible mushrooms can be referred to as a "superfood" and are recommended as a valuable constituent of the daily diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Muszyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Agata Grzywacz-Kisielewska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kała
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Gdula-Argasińska
- Department of Radioligands, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Pineda-Alegría JA, Sánchez-Vázquez JE, González-Cortazar M, Zamilpa A, López-Arellano ME, Cuevas-Padilla EJ, Mendoza-de-Gives P, Aguilar-Marcelino L. The Edible Mushroom Pleurotus djamor Produces Metabolites with Lethal Activity Against the Parasitic Nematode Haemonchus contortus. J Med Food 2017; 20:1184-1192. [PMID: 28767008 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleurotus djamor is an edible mushroom that has medicinal properties. This study aimed to assess the in vitro activity of P. djamor extracts and fractions against Haemonchus contortus eggs and exsheathed infective larvae (L3). Crude hydroalcoholic extracts were obtained by maceration and fractions were obtained through chromatography. Metabolite identity was determined using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The results showed that P. djamor extracts had no significant activity against eggs at the concentrations used. However, the extract showed 98.7% and 77% larval mortality 72 h postconfrontation at 320 and at 160 mg/mL, respectively. The chromatography analysis resulted in 23 fractions that were eventually grouped into three fractions (E1, E2, and E3). These fractions showed the following egg hatching inhibition percentages: E1 = 100, E2 = 38.7, and E3 = 5.5 at 10 mg/mL concentration 72 h postexposure. Likewise, larval mortality percentages after this period were 90.6, 100, and 0.44 at 40 mg/mL (P < .05), respectively. The GC-MS showed five major compounds in E1 fraction, including four fatty acids: (i) pentadecanoic, (ii) hexadecanoic, (iii) octadecadienoic, (iv) octadecanoic acid, and one terpene identified as β-sitosterol. We concluded that the edible mushroom P. djamor possesses nematicidal metabolites, which could be used as an alternative anthelmintic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Antonio Pineda-Alegría
- 1 Area of Helminthology, CENID-Veterinary Parasitology, National Institute of Forestry, Agricultural and Livestock Research - Helminthology , Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico
| | | | - Manases González-Cortazar
- 3 Southern Biomedical Research Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security , Xochitepec, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Zamilpa
- 3 Southern Biomedical Research Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security , Xochitepec, Morelos, Mexico
| | - María Eugenia López-Arellano
- 1 Area of Helminthology, CENID-Veterinary Parasitology, National Institute of Forestry, Agricultural and Livestock Research - Helminthology , Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Edgar Josúe Cuevas-Padilla
- 1 Area of Helminthology, CENID-Veterinary Parasitology, National Institute of Forestry, Agricultural and Livestock Research - Helminthology , Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Pedro Mendoza-de-Gives
- 1 Area of Helminthology, CENID-Veterinary Parasitology, National Institute of Forestry, Agricultural and Livestock Research - Helminthology , Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Liliana Aguilar-Marcelino
- 1 Area of Helminthology, CENID-Veterinary Parasitology, National Institute of Forestry, Agricultural and Livestock Research - Helminthology , Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico
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