1
|
Kubo Y, Fukuoka H, Shoji K, Mori C, Sakurai K, Nishikawa M, Oshida K, Yamashiro Y, Kawabata T. Longitudinal Analysis of One-Carbon Metabolism-Related Metabolites in Maternal and Cord Blood of Japanese Pregnant Women. Nutrients 2024; 16:1765. [PMID: 38892698 PMCID: PMC11174998 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
One-carbon metabolism (OCM) is a complex and interconnected network that undergoes drastic changes during pregnancy. In this study, we investigated the longitudinal distribution of OCM-related metabolites in maternal and cord blood and explored their relationships. Additionally, we conducted cross-sectional analyses to examine the interrelationships among these metabolites. This study included 146 healthy pregnant women who participated in the Chiba Study of Mother and Child Health. Maternal blood samples were collected during early pregnancy, late pregnancy, and delivery, along with cord blood samples. We analyzed 18 OCM-related metabolites in serum using stable isotope dilution liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. We found that serum S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) concentrations in maternal blood remained stable throughout pregnancy. Conversely, S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) concentrations increased, and the total homocysteine/total cysteine ratio significantly increased with advancing gestational age. The betaine/dimethylglycine ratio was negatively correlated with total homocysteine in maternal blood for all sampling periods, and this correlation strengthened with advances in gestational age. Most OCM-related metabolites measured in this study showed significant positive correlations between maternal blood at delivery and cord blood. These findings suggest that maternal OCM status may impact fetal development and indicate the need for comprehensive and longitudinal evaluations of OCM during pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Kubo
- Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado 350-0288, Saitama, Japan; (K.S.); (T.K.)
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu 520-2192, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hideoki Fukuoka
- Department of Perinatal Mesenchymal Stem Cell Research, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Fukushima, Japan;
| | - Kumiko Shoji
- Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado 350-0288, Saitama, Japan; (K.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Chisato Mori
- Department of Bioenvironmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Chiba, Japan;
- Department of Sustainable Health Science, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenichi Sakurai
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolic Medicine, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Chiba, Japan;
| | - Masazumi Nishikawa
- Department of Food Management, School of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Miyagi University, 2-2-1 Hatadate, Taihaku-ku, Sendai 982-0215, Miyagi, Japan;
| | - Kyoichi Oshida
- Faculty of Beauty & Wellness, Professional University of Beauty & Wellness, 3-9-3 Ushikubo, Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama 224-0012, Kanagawa, Japan;
| | - Yuichiro Yamashiro
- Probiotics Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-9-8-3F, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;
| | - Terue Kawabata
- Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado 350-0288, Saitama, Japan; (K.S.); (T.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Stråvik M, Hartvigsson O, Noerman S, Sandin A, Wold AE, Barman M, Sandberg AS. Biomarker Candidates of Habitual Food Intake in a Swedish Cohort of Pregnant and Lactating Women and Their Infants. Metabolites 2024; 14:256. [PMID: 38786733 PMCID: PMC11123206 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14050256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Circulating food metabolites could improve dietary assessments by complementing traditional methods. Here, biomarker candidates of food intake were identified in plasma samples from pregnancy (gestational week 29, N = 579), delivery (mothers, N = 532; infants, N = 348), and four months postpartum (mothers, N = 477; breastfed infants, N = 193) and associated to food intake assessed with semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires. Families from the Swedish birth cohort Nutritional impact on Immunological maturation during Childhood in relation to the Environment (NICE) were included. Samples were analyzed using untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics. Both exposure and outcome were standardized, and relationships were investigated using a linear regression analysis. The intake of fruits and berries and fruit juice were both positively related to proline betaine levels during pregnancy (fruits and berries, β = 0.23, FDR < 0.001; fruit juice, β = 0.27, FDR < 0.001), at delivery (fruit juice, infants: β = 0.19, FDR = 0.028), and postpartum (fruits and berries, mothers: β = 0.27, FDR < 0.001, infants: β = 0.29, FDR < 0.001; fruit juice, mothers: β = 0.37, FDR < 0.001). Lutein levels were positively related to vegetable intake during pregnancy (β = 0.23, FDR < 0.001) and delivery (mothers: β = 0.24, FDR < 0.001; newborns: β = 0.18, FDR = 0.014) and CMPF with fatty fish intake postpartum (mothers: β = 0.20, FDR < 0.001). No clear relationships were observed with the expected food sources of the remaining metabolites (acetylcarnitine, choline, indole-3-lactic acid, pipecolic acid). Our study suggests that plasma lutein could be useful as a more general food group intake biomarker for vegetables and fruits during pregnancy and delivery. Also, our results suggest the application of proline betaine as an intake biomarker of citrus fruit during gestation and lactation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mia Stråvik
- Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden (A.-S.S.)
| | - Olle Hartvigsson
- Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden (A.-S.S.)
| | - Stefania Noerman
- Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden (A.-S.S.)
| | - Anna Sandin
- Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Science, Sunderby Research Unit, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Agnes E. Wold
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Malin Barman
- Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden (A.-S.S.)
| | - Ann-Sofie Sandberg
- Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden (A.-S.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abundis EM, Hernandez-Landero F, Escobar-Calderon G, Gomez-Crisostomo N, Contreras-Paredes A, de la Cruz-Hernandez E. Gene expression of cardiovascular risk markers in mononuclear cells of pregnant woman in relation to plasma leptin and homocysteine levels: A cross sectional study. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2024; 165:350-360. [PMID: 38126620 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.15302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between anthropometric, biochemical, and hematologic parameters and serum leptin and homocysteine (Hcy) levels. Also, to determine the effect of leptin and Hcy on expression of genes associated with cardiovascular disease susceptibility (APOA1, LRP1, COX-1, and COX-2) in mononuclear cells of healthy pregnant women. METHODS Between August 2018 and January 2020, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 161 healthy pregnant women in Tabasco, southeastern Mexico. The study population was classified by trimester, according to gestational pregnancy. Anthropometric, biochemical (leptin and homocysteine), and hematologic data were obtained under fasting conditions. APOA1, LRP1, COX-1, and COX-2 expression in mononuclear cells was evaluated using RT-qPCR. RESULTS Red cell indices (hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythrocytes) were negatively and positively correlated with leptin and Hcy levels, respectively, in the first- and second-trimester groups. Increased leptin levels and low red cell indices were significantly associated with BMI <25.0 in the second-trimester group; however, no significant differences were observed in Hcy levels. Increased leptin and Hcy levels were significantly associated with high lipid indicators in the first- and third-trimester groups, respectively. High APOA1 and COX-2 expression was significantly associated with reduced leptin and increased Hcy levels in the second- and third-trimester groups. CONCLUSION Increased leptin and Hcy levels during pregnancy, mainly associated with modifications in erythrocytes and lipid indices, may lead to early modification of genes related to lipid metabolism (APOA1) and proinflammatory response (COX-2) and, thereby, increase cardiovascular disease risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Martínez Abundis
- Laboratorio de investigacion en Enfermedades Metabolicas e Infecciosas, Division Academica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Fernanda Hernandez-Landero
- Laboratorio de investigacion en Enfermedades Metabolicas e Infecciosas, Division Academica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Grecia Escobar-Calderon
- Laboratorio de investigacion en Enfermedades Metabolicas e Infecciosas, Division Academica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Nancy Gomez-Crisostomo
- Laboratorio de investigacion en Enfermedades Metabolicas e Infecciosas, Division Academica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Adriana Contreras-Paredes
- Unidad de Investigacion Biomedica en Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Erick de la Cruz-Hernandez
- Laboratorio de investigacion en Enfermedades Metabolicas e Infecciosas, Division Academica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Obeid R, Karlsson T. Choline - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023. Food Nutr Res 2023; 67:10359. [PMID: 38187796 PMCID: PMC10770654 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v67.10359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Choline is an essential nutrient with metabolic roles as a methyl donor in one carbon metabolism and as a precursor for membrane phospholipids and the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Choline content is particularly high in liver, eggs, and wheat germ, although it is present in a variety of foods. The main dietary sources of choline in the Nordic and Baltic countries are meat, dairy, eggs, and grain. A diet that is devoid of choline causes liver and muscle dysfunction within 3 weeks. Choline requirements are higher during pregnancy and lactation than in non-pregnant women. Although no randomized controlled trials are available, observational studies in human, supported by coherence from interventional studies with neurodevelopmental outcomes and experimental studies in animals, strongly suggest that sufficient intake of choline during pregnancy is necessary for normal brain development and function in the child. Observational studies suggested that adequate intake of choline could have positive effects on cognitive function in older people. However, prospective data are lacking, and no intervention studies are available in the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rima Obeid
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of the Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Therese Karlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu H, Li Q, Liu T, Tang Y, Yu F. Trimester-specific reference intervals of serum homocysteine levels for pregnant women: a longitudinal study in China. Gynecol Endocrinol 2023; 39:2242974. [PMID: 37553809 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2023.2242974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the physiological changes of serum homocysteine (Hcy) levels and to establish trimester-specific reference intervals of serum Hcy levels for Chinese pregnant women. METHOD According to the guideline of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) C28-A3 document, 476 healthy women were recruited in West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University from January 2021 to October 2021. Among them, 120 were non-pregnant, 118 were in the first trimester, 120 were in the second and 118 were in the third trimester of gestation. The enzymatic cycling method was performed to detect serum Hcy levels. Non-parametric percentiles (2.5th percentile and 97.5th percentile) were calculated to establish the reference intervals for non-pregnant women and pregnant women in different trimester of gestation. RESULTS There was a significant statistical difference for serum Hcy levels between non-pregnant women and pregnant women (p < 0.05), and serum Hcy levels in the first, second, and third trimesters of gestation were statistically different (p < 0.05). The trimester-specific reference intervals of serum Hcy levels were 4.35 ∼ 10.16 μmol/L, 3.38 ∼ 8.60 μmol/L, and 3.75 ∼ 11.17 μmol/L for pregnant women in the first, second, and third trimester of gestation, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Compared to non-pregnant women, serum Hcy levels physiologically decreased after pregnancy, and the physiological changes in serum Hcy levels during pregnancy were also found. Establishing trimester-specific reference intervals of serum Hcy levels for pregnant women was valuable for clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanting Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Grobler T, Opperman M, Bester J, Swanepoel AC, du Preez I. Metabolomic Profiling of Hormonal Contraceptive Use in Young Females Using a Commercially Available LC-MS/MS Kit. Metabolites 2023; 13:1092. [PMID: 37887417 PMCID: PMC10609319 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13101092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral hormonal contraceptive users carry the risk of venous thrombosis and increased mortality. This study aimed to comprehensively profile the serum metabolome of participants using a combination of drospirenone (DRSP) and ethinyl estradiol (EE) containing oral contraceptives (COCs). The MxP Quant 500 kit for liquid chromatography mass tandem spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to analyse the 22 controls and 44 COC users (22 on a low EE dose (DRSP/20EE) and 22 on a higher EE dose (DRSP/30EE)). The kit's results were compared to our internally developed untargeted and targeted metabolomics methods previously applied to this cohort. Of the 630 metabolites included in the method, 277 provided desirable results (consistently detected above their detection limits), and of these, 5 had p-values < 0.05, including betaine, glutamine, cortisol, glycine, and choline. Notably, these variations were observed between the control and COC groups, rather than among the two COC groups. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis revealed 49 compounds with VIP values ≥ 1, including amino acids and their derivatives, ceramides, phosphatidylcholines, and triglycerides, among others. Ten differential compounds were consistent with our previous studies, reinforcing the notion of COCs inducing a prothrombotic state and increased oxidative stress. Although only a limited number of compounds were deemed usable, these were quantified with high reliability and facilitated the identification of meaningful biological differences among the sample groups. In addition to substantiating known drug-induced variations, new hypotheses were also generated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tania Grobler
- Centre for Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa
| | - Monique Opperman
- Centre for Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa
| | - Janette Bester
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Albe Carina Swanepoel
- Centre for Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa
| | - Ilse du Preez
- Centre for Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Smith TJS, Navas-Acien A, Baker S, Kok C, Kruczynski K, Avolio LN, Pisanic N, Randad PR, Fry RC, Goessler W, van Geen A, Buckley JP, Rahman MH, Ali H, Haque R, Shaikh S, Siddiqua TJ, Schulze K, West KP, Labrique AB, Heaney CD. Anthropometric measures and arsenic methylation among pregnant women in rural northern Bangladesh. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 234:116453. [PMID: 37343752 PMCID: PMC10518461 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Arsenic methylation converts inorganic arsenic (iAs) to monomethyl (MMA) and dimethyl (DMA) arsenic compounds. Body mass index (BMI) has been positively associated with arsenic methylation efficiency (higher DMA%) in adults, but evidence in pregnancy is inconsistent. We estimated associations between anthropometric measures and arsenic methylation among pregnant women in rural northern Bangladesh. METHODS We enrolled pregnant women (n = 784) (median [IQR] gestational week: 14 [13, 15]) in Gaibandha District, Bangladesh from 2018 to 2019. Anthropometric measures were BMI, subscapular and triceps skinfold thicknesses, and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), fat area (MUAFA), and muscle area (MUAMA). Arsenic methylation measures were urinary iAs, MMA, and DMA divided by their sum and multiplied by 100 (iAs%, MMA%, and DMA%), primary methylation index (MMA/iAs; PMI), and secondary methylation index (DMA/MMA; SMI). In complete cases (n = 765 [97.6%]), we fitted linear, beta, and Dirichlet regression models to estimate cross-sectional differences in iAs%, MMA%, DMA%, PMI, and SMI per IQR-unit difference in each anthropometric measure, adjusting for drinking water arsenic, age, gestational age, education, living standards index, and plasma folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine. RESULTS Median (IQR) BMI, subscapular skinfold thickness, triceps skinfold thickness, MUAC, MUAFA, and MUAMA were 21.5 (19.4, 23.8) kg/m2, 17.9 (13.2, 24.2) mm, 14.2 (10.2, 18.7) mm, 25.9 (23.8, 28.0) cm, 15.3 (10.5, 20.3) cm2, and 29.9 (25.6, 34.2) cm2, respectively. Median (IQR) iAs%, MMA%, DMA%, PMI, and SMI were 12.0 (9.3, 15.2)%, 6.6 (5.3, 8.3)%, 81.0 (77.1, 84.6)%, 0.6 (0.4, 0.7), and 12.2 (9.3, 15.7), respectively. In both unadjusted and adjusted linear models, all anthropometric measures were negatively associated with iAs%, MMA%, and PMI and positively associated with DMA% and SMI. For example, fully adjusted mean differences (95% CI) in DMA% per IQR-unit difference in BMI, subscapular skinfolds thickness, triceps skinfold thickness, MUAC, MUAFA, and MUAMA were 1.72 (1.16, 2.28), 1.58 (0.95, 2.21), 1.74 (1.11, 2.37), 1.45 (0.85, 2.06), 1.70 (1.08, 2.31), and 0.70 (0.13, 1.27) pp, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Anthropometric measures were positively associated with arsenic methylation efficiency among pregnant women in the early second trimester.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J S Smith
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarah Baker
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Caryn Kok
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kate Kruczynski
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lindsay N Avolio
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nora Pisanic
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Pranay R Randad
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rebecca C Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Walter Goessler
- Institute of Chemistry - Analytical Chemistry, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alexander van Geen
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA
| | - Jessie P Buckley
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Md Hafizur Rahman
- JiVitA Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Research Project, Rangpur, Bangladesh
| | - Hasmot Ali
- JiVitA Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Research Project, Rangpur, Bangladesh
| | - Rezwanul Haque
- JiVitA Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Research Project, Rangpur, Bangladesh
| | - Saijuddin Shaikh
- JiVitA Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Research Project, Rangpur, Bangladesh
| | - Towfida J Siddiqua
- JiVitA Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Research Project, Rangpur, Bangladesh
| | - Kerry Schulze
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Keith P West
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alain B Labrique
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher D Heaney
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kubo Y, Shoji K, Tajima A, Horiguchi S, Fukuoka H, Nishikawa M, Kagawa Y, Kawabata T. Serum 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate Status Is Associated with One-Carbon Metabolism-Related Metabolite Concentrations and Enzyme Activity Indicators in Young Women. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10993. [PMID: 37446171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining optimal one-carbon metabolism (OCM) is essential for health and pregnancy. In this cross-sectional study, folate status was assessed based on 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) levels, and the association between 5-MTHF and OCM-related metabolites was investigated in 227 female Japanese university students aged 18-25 years. The participants were divided into high and low 5-MTHF groups based on their folate status. Serum samples of the participants were collected while they were fasting, and 18 OCM-related metabolites were measured using stable-isotope dilution liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. The association between serum 5-MTHF and OCM-related metabolite concentrations was assessed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Serum 5-MTHF concentrations were negatively correlated with total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations and positively correlated with S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and total cysteine (tCys) concentrations. Serum 5-MTHF concentrations demonstrated a stronger negative correlation with tHcy/tCys than with tHcy alone. The negative correlation between betaine and tHcy concentrations was stronger in the low 5-MTHF group than in the high 5-MTHF group. The 5-MTHF status could be linked to Hcy flux into the transsulfuration pathway via SAM. Therefore, the tHcy/tCys ratio may be a more sensitive indicator of the 5-MTHF status than tHcy alone. Furthermore, a low 5-MTHF status can enhance Hcy metabolism via betaine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Kubo
- Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado 350-0288, Japan
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
| | - Kumiko Shoji
- Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado 350-0288, Japan
| | - Akiko Tajima
- Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado 350-0288, Japan
| | - Sayaka Horiguchi
- Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado 350-0288, Japan
| | - Hideoki Fukuoka
- Department of Perinatal Mesenchymal Stem Cell Research, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Masazumi Nishikawa
- Department of Food Management, School of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Miyagi University, 2-2-1 Hatadate, Taihaku-ku, Sendai 982-0215, Japan
| | - Yasuo Kagawa
- Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado 350-0288, Japan
| | - Terue Kawabata
- Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado 350-0288, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yeroshkina K, Rossokha Z, Fishchuk L, Gorovenko N. Betaine consumption as a new clinical approach to treatment and prophylaxis of folate-related pathologies. Nutr Rev 2022; 81:716-726. [PMID: 36164833 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The most important pathway in the development of folate-related pathologies is an increase in the level of homocysteine (HC). HC, a cytotoxic and neurotoxic amino acid (when its level is ≥12 μmol/L), is 1 of the most widely studied compounds in cardiology, neurobiology, oncology, and embryology for the last 20 years. Given its toxicity, the processes of endogenous detoxification of HC are of particular interest to medicine. To date, the most studied pathway is that of remethylation (the conversion of HC to methionine), with the participation of B12- and B9-dependent methionine synthase. Less studied is remethylation with the participation of the choline derivatives betaine and betaine-HC-S-methyltransferase (BHMT). Therefore, the aim of this review was to conduct a theoretical analysis of available information regarding the contribution of betaine metabolism, its enzyme, and its genetic polymorphism to folate metabolism disturbances, and the development of folate-related pathologies. This review emphasizes the potential clinical significance of 2 factors that can influence the remethylation reaction of HC: the use of betaine and identifying the BHMT gene variants and their impact on the risk for developing certain folate-related pathologies, and treatment options. Moreover, with a high level of methylation of the BHMT gene and in the presence of its low-function variants (eg, rs3733890), it is necessary to use betaine as an additional methyl donor, especially during folate therapy. More clinical research is needed to identify the effects of the different BHMT gene variants on the individual risk for folate-related pathologies to better assess the clinical significance, the need for genetic testing, and betaine consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krystyna Yeroshkina
- State Institution "Reference-Centre for Molecular Diagnostic of Public Health Ministry of Ukraine," Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Zoia Rossokha
- State Institution "Reference-Centre for Molecular Diagnostic of Public Health Ministry of Ukraine," Kyiv, Ukraine.,State Institute of Genetic and Regenerative Medicine, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Liliya Fishchuk
- State Institution "Reference-Centre for Molecular Diagnostic of Public Health Ministry of Ukraine," Kyiv, Ukraine.,State Institute of Genetic and Regenerative Medicine, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Nataliia Gorovenko
- State Institute of Genetic and Regenerative Medicine, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Haikonen R, Kärkkäinen O, Koistinen V, Hanhineva K. Diet- and microbiota-related metabolite, 5-aminovaleric acid betaine (5-AVAB), in health and disease. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2022; 33:463-480. [PMID: 35508517 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
5-Aminovaleric acid betaine (5-AVAB) is a trimethylated compound associated with the gut microbiota, potentially produced endogenously, and related to the dietary intake of certain foods such as whole grains. 5-AVAB accumulates within the metabolically active tissues and has been typically found in higher concentrations in the heart, muscle, and brown adipose tissue. Furthermore, 5-AVAB has been associated with positive health effects such as fetal brain development, insulin secretion, and reduced cancer risk. However, it also has been linked with some negative health outcomes such as cardiovascular disease and fatty liver disease. At the cellular level, 5-AVAB can influence cellular energy metabolism by reducing β-oxidation of fatty acids. This review will focus on the metabolic role of 5-AVAB with respect to both physiology and pathology. Moreover, the analytics and origin of 5-AVAB and related compounds will be reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Retu Haikonen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Olli Kärkkäinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ville Koistinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Life Technologies, Food Chemistry and Food Development Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Life Technologies, Food Chemistry and Food Development Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
D’Souza SW, Glazier JD. Homocysteine Metabolism in Pregnancy and Developmental Impacts. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:802285. [PMID: 35846363 PMCID: PMC9280125 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.802285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Homocysteine is a metabolite generated by methionine cycle metabolism, comprising the demethylated derivative of methionine. Homocysteine can be metabolised by the transsulphuration pathway to cystathionine, which requires vitamin B6, or can undergo remethylation to methionine. Homocysteine remethylation to methionine is catalysed by methionine synthase activity which requires vitamin B12, regenerating methionine to allow synthesis of the universal methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine required for methylation and gene transcription regulation. The methyl-group donated for homocysteine remethylation comes from 5-methyltetrahydrofolate generated by the folate cycle, which allows tetrahydrofolate to be returned to the active folate pool for nucleotide biosynthesis. Therefore the integrated actions of the methionine and folate cycles, required to metabolise homocysteine, also perpetuate methylation and nucleotide synthesis, vitally important to support embryonic growth, proliferation and development. Dysregulated activities of these two interdependent metabolic cycles, arising from maternal suboptimal intake of nutrient co-factors such as folate and vitamin B12 or gene polymorphisms resulting in reduced enzymatic activity, leads to inefficient homocysteine metabolic conversion causing elevated concentrations, known as hyperhomocysteinemia. This condition is associated with multiple adverse pregnancy outcomes including neural tube defects (NTDs). Raised homocysteine is damaging to cellular function, binding to proteins thereby impairing their function, with perturbed homocysteine metabolism impacting negatively on embryonic development. This review discusses the "cross-talk" of maternal-fetal homocysteine interrelationships, describes the placental transport of homocysteine, homocysteine impacts on pregnancy outcomes, homocysteine and methylation effects linking to NTD risk and proposes a putative pathway for embryonic provision of folate and vitamin B12, homocysteine-modulating nutrients that ameliorate NTD risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen W. D’Souza
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, St Mary’s Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jocelyn D. Glazier
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Deng L, Li Z, Tang C, Han Y, Zhang L, Liao Q. Quantitative analysis of the serum proteome during early pregnancy in mares. Anim Sci J 2022; 93:e13727. [PMID: 35476278 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Equine pregnancy is currently diagnosed by rectal palpation, ultrasonographic examination, or by measuring changes in hormones in the blood. In the present study, we identified proteins that are differentially expressed in the sera of early pregnant and non-pregnant mares in order to develop a novel method for diagnosing equine pregnancy. Serum samples were obtained from 18 adult mares, pregnancy at day 32 after ovulation (n = 9) and in diestrus (n = 9). Proteomic analysis of the samples was conducted using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. We identified 467 proteins from a total of 3514 peptides. Thirty-two proteins (15 upregulated and 17 downregulated) were significantly differentially expressed between the two groups. The Gene Ontology enrichment analysis revealed that they are related to extracellular matrix assembly, blood coagulation, and hemostasis, and the prominent molecular functions were integrin binding, cell adhesion molecule binding, and glycine C-acetyltransferase activity. The pathway analysis of Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes showed that the top three pathways identified were glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; cysteine and methionine metabolism; and ether lipid metabolism. The selected five serum proteins were newly potential candidates for pregnancy diagnosis in mares.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Deng
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chi Tang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, College of Life Sciences, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Yuwei Han
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Linxi Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qingchao Liao
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
OUP accepted manuscript. Nutr Rev 2022; 80:1985-2001. [DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
14
|
Taesuwan S, McDougall MQ, Malysheva OV, Bender E, Nevins JEH, Devapatla S, Vidavalur R, Caudill MA, Klatt KC. Choline metabolome response to prenatal choline supplementation across pregnancy: A randomized controlled trial. FASEB J 2021; 35:e22063. [PMID: 34820909 PMCID: PMC10911820 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101401rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy places a unique stress upon choline metabolism, requiring adaptations to support both maternal and fetal requirements. The impact of pregnancy and prenatal choline supplementation on choline and its metabolome in free-living, healthy adults is relatively uncharacterized. This study investigated the effect of prenatal choline supplementation on maternal and fetal biomarkers of choline metabolism among free-living pregnant persons consuming self-selected diets. Participants were randomized to supplemental choline (as choline chloride) intakes of 550 mg/d (500 mg/d d0-choline + 50 mg/d methyl-d9-choline; intervention) or 25 mg/d d9-choline (control) from gestational week (GW) 12-16 until Delivery. Fasting blood and 24-h urine samples were obtained at study Visit 1 (GW 12-16), Visit 2 (GW 20-24), and Visit 3 (GW 28-32). At Delivery, maternal and cord blood and placental tissue samples were collected. Participants randomized to 550 (vs. 25) mg supplemental choline/d achieved higher (p < .05) plasma concentrations of free choline, betaine, dimethylglycine, phosphatidylcholine (PC), and sphingomyelin at one or more study timepoint. Betaine was most responsive to prenatal choline supplementation with increases (p ≤ .001) in maternal plasma observed at Visit 2-Delivery (relative to Visit 1 and control), as well as in the placenta and cord plasma. Notably, greater plasma enrichments of d3-PC and LDL-C were observed in the intervention (vs. control) group, indicating enhanced PC synthesis through the de novo phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase pathway and lipid export. Overall, these data show that prenatal choline supplementation profoundly alters the choline metabolome, supporting pregnancy-related metabolic adaptations and revealing biomarkers for use in nutritional assessment and monitoring during pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siraphat Taesuwan
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Olga V. Malysheva
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Erica Bender
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Julie E. H. Nevins
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Marie A. Caudill
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Kevin C. Klatt
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Moltó-Puigmartí C, Obeid R, Mommers M, Eussen SJ, Thijs C. Maternal plasma choline and betaine in late pregnancy and child growth up to age 8 years in the KOALA Birth Cohort Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:1438-1446. [PMID: 34113974 PMCID: PMC8488875 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sufficient choline and betaine during pregnancy are needed for fetal growth and development. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the associations between maternal plasma choline and betaine in the third trimester of pregnancy and child growth from birth up to 8 years of age. METHODS Concentrations of choline and betaine were measured in plasma of 1331 pregnant women from the KOALA (Kind, Ouders en gezondheid: Aandacht voor Leefstijl en Aanleg) Birth Cohort Study in the Netherlands. Child weight and height were measured at birth and at 1 (91% complete), 2 (86%), and 6-8 y (76%). Birth weight, weight gain in the first year, and z scores for weight and height at 1 and 2 y were used as continuous outcome variables. BMI z scores at 1 and 2 y were used as continuous and dichotomous outcomes, and BMI z scores at age 6-8 y were used to study overweight at that age. RESULTS Each 1-µmol/L increase of maternal plasma choline was associated with a mean 20-g (95% CI: 1.1, 38.0 g) higher weight gain in the first year of life, and a higher BMI z score (β: 0.02; 95% CI: 0.00, 0.04) and slightly higher odds of BMI z score >85th percentile (OR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.10) at 1-2 y. Each 1-µmol/L increase of plasma betaine was associated with a mean 12-g (95% CI: 0.8, 23.9 g) higher weight gain in the first year of life and higher odds of BMI z score >85th percentile at 1-2 y (OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.07). Lastly, betaine was associated with overweight at 6-8 y (OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.34), only in boys. CONCLUSIONS Third-trimester pregnancy plasma choline and betaine were positively associated with childhood anthropometric measures. In boys, some of the associations may have persisted up to 8 y of age. Further studies may investigate the validity of maternal plasma choline and betaine concentrations as markers of maternal intake and fetal transfer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rima Obeid
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Monique Mommers
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Simone Jpm Eussen
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands,Care and Public Health Research Institute, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Carel Thijs
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
A Novel Review of Homocysteine and Pregnancy Complications. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6652231. [PMID: 34036101 PMCID: PMC8121575 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6652231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hct) is a substance produced in the metabolism of methionine. It is an essential type of amino acid gained from the daily diet. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene mutation is related to elevated total homocysteine (tHct) expressions, in particular, among women with low folate intake. Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHct) is caused by numerous factors, such as genetic defects, lack of folic acid, vitamin B6 and B12 deficiency, hypothyroidism, drugs, aging, and renal dysfunction. Increased Hct in peripheral blood may lead to vascular illnesses, coronary artery dysfunction, atherosclerotic changes, and embolic diseases. Compared to nonpregnant women, the Hct level is lower in normal pregnancies. Recent studies have reported that HHct was associated with numerous pregnancy complications, including recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), preeclampsia (PE), preterm delivery, placental abruption, fetal growth restriction (FGR), and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Besides, it was discovered that neonatal birth weight and maternal Hct levels were negatively correlated. However, a number of these findings lack consistency. In this review, we summarized the metabolic process of Hct in the human body, the levels of Hct in different stages of normal pregnancy reported in previous studies, and the relationship between Hct and pregnancy complications. The work done is helpful for obstetricians to improve the likelihood of a positive outcome during pregnancy complications. Reducing the Hct level with a high dosage of folic acid supplements during the next pregnancy could be helpful for females who have suffered pregnancy complications due to HHct.
Collapse
|
17
|
Ashtary-Larky D, Bagheri R, Ghanavati M, Asbaghi O, Tinsley GM, Mombaini D, Kooti W, Kashkooli S, Wong A. Effects of betaine supplementation on cardiovascular markers: A systematic review and Meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:6516-6533. [PMID: 33764214 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1902938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Controversy regarding the effects of betaine supplementation on cardiovascular markers has persisted for decades. This systematic review and meta-analysis compared the effects of betaine supplementation on cardiovascular disease (CVD) markers. Studies examining betaine supplementation on CVD markers published up to February 2021 were identified through PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, and SCOPUS. Betaine supplementation had a significant effect on concentrations of betaine (MD: 82.14 μmol/L, 95% CI: 67.09 to 97.20), total cholesterol (TC) (MD: 14.12 mg/dl, 95% CI%: 9.23 to 19.02), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (MD: 10.26 mg/dl, 95% CI: 6.14 to 14.38)], homocysteine (WMD: -1.30 micromol/L, 95% CI: -1.61 to -0.98), dimethylglycine (DMG) (MD: 21.33 micromol/L, 95% CI: 13.87 to 28.80), and methionine (MD: 2.06 micromol/L, 95% CI: 0.23 to 3.88). Moreover, our analysis indicated that betaine supplementation did not affect serum concentrations of triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), fasting blood glucose (FBG), C-reactive protein (CRP), liver enzymes [alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)], and blood pressure. Our subgroup analysis suggested that a maximum dose of 4 g/d might have homocysteine-lowering effects without any adverse effect on lipid profiles reported with doses of ≥4 g/d. In conclusion, the present systematic review and meta-analysis supports the advantage of a lower dose of betaine supplementation (<4 g/d) on homocysteine concentrations without the lipid-augmenting effect observed with a higher dosage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damoon Ashtary-Larky
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Matin Ghanavati
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Asbaghi
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Grant M Tinsley
- Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Delsa Mombaini
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Wesam Kooti
- Lung Diseases & Allergy Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Sara Kashkooli
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Alexei Wong
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Nakanishi M, Funahashi N, Fukuoka H, Nammo T, Sato Y, Yoshihara H, Oishi H, Tanaka M, Yano T, Minoura S, Kato N, Yasuda K. Effects of maternal and fetal choline concentrations on the fetal growth and placental DNA methylation of 12 target genes related to fetal growth, adipogenesis, and energy metabolism. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2020; 47:734-744. [PMID: 33300271 DOI: 10.1111/jog.14599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM We performed a birth cohort study involving 124 mother-infant pairs to investigate whether placental DNA methylation is associated with maternal choline status and fetal development. METHODS Plasma choline concentration was assayed longitudinally in the 1st and 3rd trimesters and at term-pregnancy in mothers and cord blood. Placental DNA methylation was measured for 12 target candidate genes that are related to fetal growth, adipogenesis, lipid and energy metabolism, or long interspersed nuclear elements. RESULTS Higher maternal plasma and cord blood choline levels at term tended to associate with lower birthweight (r = -0.246, P < 0.013; r = -0.290, P < 0.002) and body mass index (BMI) at birth (r = 0.344, P < 1E-3; r = -0.360, P < 1E-3). The correlation between maternal plasma choline level and cord blood choline level was relatively modest (r = 0.049, P = 0.639). There was an inverse correlation between placental DNA methylation at the retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRA) gene and maternal plasma choline level (r = -0.188 to r = -0.452, P = 0.043 to P < 1E-3 at three points). RXRA methylation level was positively associated with birthweight and BMI at birth (r = 0.306, P = 0.001; r = 0.390, P < 1E-3). Further, RXRA methylation was inversely correlated with RXRA gene expression level (r = 0.333, P < 1E-3). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the association between maternal choline status and placental RXRA methylation represents a potential fetal programing mechanism contributing to fetal growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Misao Nakanishi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Funahashi
- Department of Metabolic Disorder, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Cancer Cell Research, Research Institute, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hideoki Fukuoka
- Department of Innovation Research, Waseda University Comprehensive Research Organization, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Progressive DOHaD Research, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takao Nammo
- Department of Metabolic Disorder, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Tatedebari Sato Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hajime Yoshihara
- Japan Community Health Care Organization, Sagamino Hospital Center of Perinatal Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hajime Oishi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mamoru Tanaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsu Yano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Yamate Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Minoura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinjuku City Medical Association Residents' Health Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kato
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuki Yasuda
- Department of Metabolic Disorder, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cai S, Quan S, Yang G, Ye Q, Chen M, Yu H, Wang G, Wang Y, Zeng X, Qiao S. One Carbon Metabolism and Mammalian Pregnancy Outcomes. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 65:e2000734. [PMID: 33226182 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
One-carbon metabolism is involved in varieties of physiological processes in mammals, including nucleic acid synthesis, amino acid homeostasis, epigenetic regulation, redox balance and neurodevelopment. The current evidence linking levels of one-carbon nutrients during pregnancy to the development of oocytes, embryos, and placentas, as well as maternal and offspring health, is reviewed. The sources of mammalian one-carbon units, the pathways active in mammalian one-carbon metabolism, the maternal and fetal needs for one-carbon units and their functions during pregnancy are described. The demand for one-carbon metabolism is highest during pregnancy compared to the entire lifetime of a mammal. The primary types of one-carbon metabolism in mammals are the folate cycle, methionine cycle and transsulfuration pathway, which varies at different pregnancy stages (e.g., methylation programming of embryo, neural development of fetus, fetal growth and placenta development). Therefore, an overall consideration of one-carbon metabolism requirements for different pregnancy stages, is called for, specifically, the balance of all nutrients involved, not just one single nutrient in one-carbon metabolism. Moreover, the establishment of an ideal one-carbon metabolism requirement model is suggested according to the requirements for different pregnancy stages to support optimal pregnancy outcomes and maternal and offspring health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Guangxin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Qianhong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Meixia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Haitao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yuming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xiangfang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Shiyan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gatta E, Saudagar V, Auta J, Grayson DR, Guidotti A. Epigenetic landscape of stress surfeit disorders: Key role for DNA methylation dynamics. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2020; 156:127-183. [PMID: 33461662 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to stress throughout lifespan alters brain structure and function, inducing a maladaptive response to environmental stimuli, that can contribute to the development of a pathological phenotype. Studies have shown that hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction is associated with various neuropsychiatric disorders, including major depressive, alcohol use and post-traumatic stress disorders. Downstream actors of the HPA axis, glucocorticoids are critical mediators of the stress response and exert their function through specific receptors, i.e., the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), highly expressed in stress/reward-integrative pathways. GRs are ligand-activated transcription factors that recruit epigenetic actors to regulate gene expression via DNA methylation, altering chromatin structure and thus shaping the response to stress. The dynamic interplay between stress response and epigenetic modifiers suggest DNA methylation plays a key role in the development of stress surfeit disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Gatta
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Vikram Saudagar
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - James Auta
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Dennis R Grayson
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Alessandro Guidotti
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gilley SP, Weaver NE, Sticca EL, Jambal P, Palacios A, Kerns ME, Anand P, Kemp JF, Westcott JE, Figueroa L, Garcés AL, Ali SA, Pasha O, Saleem S, Hambidge KM, Hendricks AE, Krebs NF, Borengasser SJ. Longitudinal Changes of One-Carbon Metabolites and Amino Acid Concentrations during Pregnancy in the Women First Maternal Nutrition Trial. Curr Dev Nutr 2020; 4:nzz132. [PMID: 32175519 PMCID: PMC7064164 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzz132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal dietary restriction and supplementation of one-carbon (1C) metabolites can impact offspring growth and DNA methylation. However, longitudinal research of 1C metabolite and amino acid (AA) concentrations over the reproductive cycle of human pregnancy is limited. OBJECTIVE To investigate longitudinal 1C metabolite and AA concentrations prior to and during pregnancy and the effects of a small-quantity lipid-based nutrition supplement (LNS) containing >20 micronutrients and prepregnancy BMI (ppBMI). METHODS This study was an ancillary study of the Women First Trial (NCT01883193, clinicaltrials.gov) focused on a subset of Guatemalan women (n = 134), 49% of whom entered pregnancy with a BMI ≥25 kg/m2. Ninety-five women received LNS during pregnancy (+LNS group), while the remainder did not (-LNS group). A subset of women from the Pakistan study site (n = 179) were used as a replication cohort, 124 of whom received LNS. Maternal blood was longitudinally collected on dried blood spot (DBS) cards at preconception, and at 12 and 34 wk gestation. A targeted metabolomics assay was performed on DBS samples at each time point using LC-MS/MS. Longitudinal analyses were performed using linear mixed modeling to investigate the influence of time, LNS, and ppBMI. RESULTS Concentrations of 23 of 27 metabolites, including betaine, choline, and serine, changed from preconception across gestation after application of a Bonferroni multiple testing correction (P < 0.00185). Sixteen of those metabolites showed similar changes in the replication cohort. Asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginine were decreased by LNS in the participants from Guatemala. Only tyrosine was statistically associated with ppBMI at both study sites. CONCLUSIONS Time influenced most 1C metabolite and AA concentrations with a high degree of similarity between the 2 diverse study populations. These patterns were not significantly altered by LNS consumption or ppBMI. Future investigations will focus on 1C metabolite changes associated with infant outcomes, including DNA methylation. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01883193.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie P Gilley
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nicholas E Weaver
- Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Evan L Sticca
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Purevsuren Jambal
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alexandra Palacios
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Mattie E Kerns
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Pratibha Anand
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jennifer F Kemp
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jamie E Westcott
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lester Figueroa
- Institute of Nutrition in Central America and Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Ana Lucía Garcés
- Institute of Nutrition in Central America and Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Sumera A Ali
- Aga Khan University, Department of Community Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Omrana Pasha
- Aga Khan University, Department of Community Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sarah Saleem
- Aga Khan University, Department of Community Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - K Michael Hambidge
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Audrey E Hendricks
- Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nancy F Krebs
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sarah J Borengasser
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mujica-Coopman MF, Tan A, Schroder TH, Sinclair G, Vallance HD, Lamers Y. Serum Betaine and Dimethylglycine Are Higher in South Asian Compared with European Pregnant Women in Canada, with Betaine and Total Homocysteine Inversely Associated in Early and Midpregnancy, Independent of Ethnicity. J Nutr 2019; 149:2145-2155. [PMID: 31504713 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a methyl donor required in the folate-vitamin B-12 independent remethylation of total homocysteine (tHcy) to methionine, betaine is critical for fetal development. Pregnant South Asian women living in Canada had a higher reported prevalence of low vitamin B-12 status compared with Europeans; betaine concentrations in this population are unknown. OBJECTIVES We aimed to compare serum betaine concentrations between South Asian and European pregnant women, and to determine the relation between betaine and tHcy concentrations in early pregnancy. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted using biobanked serum samples of 723 apparently healthy pregnant women of South Asian (50%) and European ethnicity residing in British Columbia, Canada. Betaine, dimethylglycine (DMG), tHcy, and related metabolites were quantified in samples collected in the first (8-13 weeks of gestation) and second (14-20 weeks of gestation) trimesters. The relation between betaine and tHcy concentrations was assessed using a generalized regression model adjusted for weeks of gestation, ethnicity, prepregnancy BMI, maternal age, neonatal sex, parity, total vitamin B-12, folate, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, and methionine concentrations. RESULTS Median serum concentrations of betaine and its metabolite DMG were higher in South Asian women in the first (19.8 [IQR: 16.3-25.0] and 1.55 [IQR: 1.30-1.96] $\mu {\rm mol/L} $, respectively) and second trimesters (16.1 [IQR: 12.9-19.8] and 1.42 [IQR: 1.14-1.81] $\mu {\rm mol/L} $, respectively) compared with European women (17.6 [IQR: 13.7-22.6] and 1.38 [IQR: 1.12-1.77] $\mu {\rm mol/L} $, respectively) and (12.9 [IQR: 10.6-16.7] and 1.19 [IQR: 0.97-1.52] $\mu {\rm mol/L} $, respectively; all P values < 0.0001). Betaine was inversely associated with tHcy concentration (β = -0.0208; 95% CI: -0.0341, -0.00742; P = 0.002). Additionally, total vitamin B-12 was associated with tHcy concentration (β = -0.0312; 95% CI: -0.0401, -0.0224), after adjusting for confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS Pregnant South Asian women residing in Canada had higher betaine and DMG concentrations, compared with women of European ethnicity, while betaine and total vitamin B-12 predicted tHcy independent of ethnicity. Our results emphasize the role of betaine, as methyl donor, in the remethylation of tHcy in a folate-replete population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria F Mujica-Coopman
- Food, Nutrition, and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amy Tan
- Food, Nutrition, and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Theresa H Schroder
- Food, Nutrition, and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Graham Sinclair
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hilary D Vallance
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yvonne Lamers
- Food, Nutrition, and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Serefidou M, Venkatasubramani AV, Imhof A. The Impact of One Carbon Metabolism on Histone Methylation. Front Genet 2019; 10:764. [PMID: 31555321 PMCID: PMC6722216 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of one carbon metabolism on DNA methylation has been well described, bridging nutrition, metabolism, and epigenetics. This modification is mediated by the metabolite S-adenosyl methionine (SAM), which is also the methyl-donating substrate of histone methyltransferases. Therefore, SAM levels that are influenced by several nutrients, enzymes, and metabolic cofactors also have a potential impact on histone methylation. Although this modification plays a major role in chromatin accessibility and subsequently in gene expression in healthy or diseased states, its role in translating nutritional changes in chromatin structure has not been extensively studied. Here, we aim to review the literature of known mechanistic links between histone methylation and the central one carbon metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalini Serefidou
- Biomedical Center Munich, Department of Molecular Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Axel Imhof
- Biomedical Center Munich, Department of Molecular Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
van Lee L, Crozier SR, Aris IM, Tint MT, Sadananthan SA, Michael N, Quah PL, Robinson SM, Inskip HM, Harvey NC, Barker M, Cooper C, Velan SS, Lee YS, Fortier MV, Yap F, Gluckman PD, Tan KH, Shek LP, Chong YS, Godfrey KM, Chong MFF. Prospective associations of maternal choline status with offspring body composition in the first 5 years of life in two large mother-offspring cohorts: the Southampton Women's Survey cohort and the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes cohort. Int J Epidemiol 2019; 48:433-444. [PMID: 30649331 PMCID: PMC6751083 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyy291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Choline status has been positively associated with weight and fat mass in animal and human studies. As evidence examining maternal circulating choline concentrations and offspring body composition in human infants/children is lacking, we investigated this in two cohorts. METHODS Maternal choline concentrations were measured in the UK Southampton Women's Survey (SWS; serum, n = 985, 11 weeks' gestation) and Singapore Growing Up Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO); n = 955, 26-28 weeks' gestation) mother-offspring cohorts. Offspring anthropometry was measured at birth and up to age 5 years. Body fat mass was determined using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at birth and age 4 years for SWS; and using air-displacement plethysmography at birth and age 5 years for GUSTO. Linear-regression analyses were performed, adjusting for confounders. RESULTS In SWS, higher maternal choline concentrations were associated with higher neonatal total body fat mass {β = 0.60 standard deviation [SD]/5 µmol/L maternal choline [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.04-1.16]} and higher subscapular skinfold thickness [β = 0.55 mm/5 µmol/L (95% CI, 0.12-1.00)] at birth. In GUSTO, higher maternal choline concentrations were associated with higher neonatal body mass index-for-age z-score [β = 0.31 SD/5 µmol/L (0.10-0.51)] and higher triceps [β = 0.38 mm/5 µmol/L (95% CI, 0.11-0.65)] and subscapular skinfold thicknesses [β = 0.26 mm/5 µmol/L (95% CI, 0.01-0.50)] at birth. No consistent trends were observed between maternal choline and offspring gain in body mass index, skinfold thicknesses, abdominal circumference, weight, length/height and adiposity measures in later infancy and early childhood. CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence that maternal circulating choline concentrations during pregnancy are positively associated with offspring BMI, skinfold thicknesses and adiposity at birth, but not with growth and adiposity through infancy and early childhood to the age of 5 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linde van Lee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore
| | - Sarah R Crozier
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Izzuddin M Aris
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mya T Tint
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Suresh Anand Sadananthan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore
| | - Navin Michael
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore
| | - Phaik Ling Quah
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore
| | - Sian M Robinson
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Hazel M Inskip
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas C Harvey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Barker
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Sendhil S Velan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yung Seng Lee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore
- Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children’s Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marielle V Fortier
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fabian Yap
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pediatrics, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore
- Liggings Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lynette P Shek
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore
- Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yap-Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Mary FF Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Maternal betaine status, but not that of choline or methionine, is inversely associated with infant birth weight. Br J Nutr 2019; 121:1279-1286. [PMID: 30837009 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519000497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Maternal one-carbon metabolism during pregnancy is crucial for fetal development and programming by DNA methylation. However, evidence on one-carbon biomarkers other than folate is lacking. We, therefore, investigated whether maternal plasma methyl donors, that is, choline, betaine and methionine, are associated with birth outcomes. Blood samples were obtained from 115 women during gestation (median 26·3 weeks, 90 % range 22·7-33·0 weeks). Plasma choline, betaine, methionine and dimethylglycine were measured using HPLC-tandem MS. Multivariate linear and logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between plasma biomarkers and birth weight, birth length, the risk of small-for-gestational-age and large-for-gestational-age (LGA). Higher level of maternal betaine was associated with lower birth weight (-130·3 (95 % CI -244·8, -15·9) per 1 sd increment for log-transformed betaine). Higher maternal methionine was associated with lower risk of LGA, and adjusted OR, with 95 % CI for 1 sd increase in methionine concentration was 0·44 (95 % CI 0·21, 0·89). Stratified analyses according to infant sex or maternal plasma homocysteine status showed that reduction in birth weight in relation to maternal betaine was only limited to male infants or to who had higher maternal homocysteine status (≥5·1 µmol/l). Higher maternal betaine status was associated with reduced birth weight. Maternal methionine was inversely associated with LGA risk. These findings are needed to be replicated in future larger studies.
Collapse
|
26
|
Chmurzynska A, Seremak-Mrozikiewicz A, Malinowska AM, Różycka A, Radziejewska A, Szwengiel A, Kurzawińska G, Barlik M, Jagodziński PP, Drews K. PEMT rs12325817 and PCYT1A rs7639752 polymorphisms are associated with betaine but not choline concentrations in pregnant women. Nutr Res 2018; 56:61-70. [PMID: 30055775 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Maternal metabolism during gestation may depend on nutrient intake but also on polymorphism of genes encoding enzymes involved in metabolism of different nutrients. Data on choline or carnitine metabolism in pregnant women are scarce. We hypothesized that (1) choline intake in Polish pregnant women is inadequate and (2) choline and carnitine metabolism would differ by genotype and nutritional status of pregnant women. One hundred three healthy Polish women aged 18 to 44 years in the third trimester of pregnancy were enrolled in the study. The average choline, folate, and carnitine intakes were 365 ± 14 mg/d, 1089 ± 859 μg, and 132 ± 8 mg/d, respectively. Most women did not achieve an adequate intake of choline. Average choline, betaine, trimethylamine oxide, l-carnitine, and acetylcarnitine concentrations were 10.64 ± 3.30 μmol/L, 14.43 ± 4.01 μmol/L, 2.01 ± 1.24 μmol/L, 12.73 ± 5.41 μmol/L, and 6.79 ± 3.82 μmol/L, respectively. Approximately 15% lower betaine concentrations were observed in the GG homozygotes of PEMT rs12325817 and in the GG homozygotes of PCYT1A rs7639752 than in the respective minor allele carriers. Birth weight was higher in the G allele homozygotes of the CHDH rs2289205 than in the minor allele carriers: GG: 3398 ± 64 g; GA+AA: 3193 ± 76 g. Our study shows that choline intake in Polish pregnant women is inadequate and that polymorphisms of PEMT rs12325817 and PCYT1A rs7639752 are associated with betaine but not choline concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agata Chmurzynska
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences.
| | - Agnieszka Seremak-Mrozikiewicz
- Division of Perinatology and Women's Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Division of Perinatology and Women's Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna M Malinowska
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences
| | - Agata Różycka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences
| | - Anna Radziejewska
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences
| | - Artur Szwengiel
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences
| | - Grażyna Kurzawińska
- Division of Perinatology and Women's Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Division of Perinatology and Women's Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Barlik
- Division of Perinatology and Women's Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Division of Perinatology and Women's Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł P Jagodziński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences
| | - Krzysztof Drews
- Division of Perinatology and Women's Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Division of Perinatology and Women's Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gaiday AN, Tussupkaliyev AB, Bermagambetova SK, Zhumagulova SS, Sarsembayeva LK, Dossimbetova MB, Daribay ZZ. Effect of homocysteine on pregnancy: A systematic review. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 293:70-76. [PMID: 30053452 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Research purpose was to put together the available pieces of present scientific data and to close the gap in the knowledge of Hcy levels in pregnancy and its association with some pregnancy complications. Scientific data were taken from research papers published between January 1990 and December 2017, and found on the Internet (PubMed, ClinicalKey and Embase databases) by the following tags entered in English, Russian, French and German languages: pregnancy, homocysteine, pregnancy complications, pregnancy loss, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and placental abruption. The review showed that Hcy levels range in uncomplicated pregnancy. Upon that, Hcy level tends to decrease during the second and third trimesters. Some studies have revealed a link between polymorphism and abortion. Sufficient data were obtained indicating the relationship between HHcy and PE. Placental abruption was also associated with high Hcy levels increasing the risk 5.3-fold, but still there are data not supporting the hypothesis that Hcy levels correlate with placental abruption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey N Gaiday
- West-Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov State Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Maruta E, Wang J, Kotani T, Tsuda H, Nakano T, Imai K, Sumigama S, Niwa Y, Mitsui T, Yoshida S, Yamashita M, Nawa A, Tamakoshi K, Kajiyama H, Kikkawa F. Association of serum asymmetric dimethylarginine, homocysteine, and l-arginine concentrations during early pregnancy with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 475:70-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
29
|
van Lee L, Quah PL, Saw SM, Yap FKP, Godfrey KM, Chong YS, Meaney MJ, Chen H, Chong MFF. Maternal choline status during pregnancy, but not that of betaine, is related to antenatal mental well-being: The growing up in Singapore toward healthy outcomes cohort. Depress Anxiety 2017; 34:877-887. [PMID: 28471488 PMCID: PMC5553109 DOI: 10.1002/da.22637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Choline and betaine status have previously been associated with symptoms of depression. However, the relation of maternal plasma choline and betaine concentrations in pregnancy to peripartum maternal mood is unknown. METHODS Maternal plasma choline and betaine concentrations (μmol/L) were measured at 26-28 weeks gestation in the Growing Up in Singapore Toward healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) mother-offspring cohort. Participants completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EDPS) at 26-28 weeks gestation (n = 949) and at 3 months postnatal (n = 689): higher scores are indicative of more symptoms of anxiety and depression. Multivariate linear regression models were used to estimate the association of choline and betaine with ante- and postnatal mental well-being adjusting for covariates. RESULTS Mean (SD) antenatal plasma choline and betaine concentrations were 9.2 μmol/L (1.6) and 13.1 μmol/L (2.7), respectively. Plasma choline concentrations were positively associated with antenatal depressive (β = .24 EPDS score [95% CI: 0.05-0.43] per μmol/L] and anxiety symptoms (β = .46 STAI-state score [95% CI: 0.03-0.88] per μmol/L) adjusting for covariates. Plasma betaine concentrations were not associated with antenatal depression or anxiety symptoms. No associations were observed between pregnancy choline or betaine and postnatal mental well-being. CONCLUSION This study suggests that higher maternal plasma choline status during pregnancy is associated with more symptoms of antenatal depression and anxiety, whereas plasma betaine concentrations showed no associations. No associations were observed for postnatal mental well-being. Prospective studies are required to replicate these findings and further examine the direction of causality and possible biological mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linde van Lee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Phaik Ling Quah
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Seang Mei Saw
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fabian KP Yap
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore,Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore,Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Helen Chen
- KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital (KKH), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mary Foong-Fong Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore,Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bjørke-Monsen AL, Ulvik A, Nilsen RM, Midttun Ø, Roth C, Magnus P, Stoltenberg C, Vollset SE, Reichborn-Kjennerud T, Ueland PM. Impact of Pre-Pregnancy BMI on B Vitamin and Inflammatory Status in Early Pregnancy: An Observational Cohort Study. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8120776. [PMID: 27916904 PMCID: PMC5188431 DOI: 10.3390/nu8120776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal nutrition and inflammation have been suggested as mediators in the development of various adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with maternal obesity. We have investigated the relation between pre-pregnancy BMI, B vitamin status, and inflammatory markers in a group of healthy pregnant women. Cobalamin, folate, pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, and riboflavin; and the metabolic markers homocysteine, methylmalonic acid, and 3-hydroxykynurenine/xanthurenic acid ratio (HK/XA); and markers of cellular inflammation, neopterin and kynurenine/tryptophan ratio (KTR) were determined in pregnancy week 18 and related to pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), in 2797 women from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). Pre-pregnancy BMI was inversely related to folate, cobalamin, pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP), and riboflavin (p < 0.001), and associated with increased neopterin and KTR levels (p < 0.001). Inflammation seemed to be an independent predictor of low vitamin B6 status, as verified by low PLP and high HK/XA ratio. A high pre-pregnancy BMI is a risk factor for low B vitamin status and increased cellular inflammation. As an optimal micronutrient status is vital for normal fetal development, the observed lower B vitamin levels may contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with maternal obesity and B vitamin status should be assessed in women with high BMI before they get pregnant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roy M Nilsen
- Centre for Clinical Research, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
| | | | - Christine Roth
- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0403 Oslo, Norway.
- Imprints Center for Genetic and Environmental Life Course Studies, Mailman School of Public Health and New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
| | - Per Magnus
- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0403 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Camilla Stoltenberg
- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0403 Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Stein Emil Vollset
- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0403 Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud
- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0403 Oslo, Norway.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0313 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Per Magne Ueland
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Robinson JL, Bertolo RF. The Pediatric Methionine Requirement Should Incorporate Remethylation Potential and Transmethylation Demands. Adv Nutr 2016; 7:523-34. [PMID: 27184279 PMCID: PMC4863267 DOI: 10.3945/an.115.010843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic demand for methionine is great in neonates. Indeed, methionine is the only indispensable sulfur amino acid and is required not only for protein synthesis and growth but is also partitioned to a greater extent to transsulfuration for cysteine and taurine synthesis and to >50 transmethylation reactions that serve to methylate DNA and synthesize metabolites, including creatine and phosphatidylcholine. Therefore, the pediatric methionine requirement must accommodate the demands of rapid protein turnover as well as vast nonprotein demands. Because cysteine spares the methionine requirement, it is likely that the dietary provision of transmethylation products can also feasibly spare methionine. However, understanding the requirement of methionine is further complicated because demethylated methionine can be remethylated by the dietary methyl donors folate and betaine (derived from choline). Intakes of dietary methyl donors are highly variable, which is of particular concern for newborns. It has been demonstrated that many populations have enhanced requirements for these nutrients, and nutrient fortification may exacerbate this phenomenon by selecting phenotypes that increase methyl requirements. Moreover, higher transmethylation rates can limit methyl supply and affect other transmethylation reactions as well as protein synthesis. Therefore, careful investigations are needed to determine how remethylation and transmethylation contribute to the methionine requirement. The purpose of this review is to support our hypothesis that dietary methyl donors and consumers can drive methionine availability for protein synthesis and transmethylation reactions. We argue that nutritional strategies in neonates need to ensure that methionine is available to meet requirements for growth as well as for transmethylation products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert F Bertolo
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Singh MD, Thomas P, Owens J, Hague W, Fenech M. Potential role of folate in pre-eclampsia. Nutr Rev 2015; 73:694-722. [PMID: 26359215 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuv028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary deficiencies of folate and other B vitamin cofactors involved in one-carbon metabolism, together with genetic polymorphisms in key folate-methionine metabolic pathway enzymes, are associated with increases in circulating plasma homocysteine, reduction in DNA methylation patterns, and genome instability events. All of these biomarkers have also been associated with pre-eclampsia. The aim of this review was to explore the literature and identify potential knowledge gaps in relation to the role of folate at the genomic level in either the etiology or the prevention of pre-eclampsia. A systematic search strategy was designed to identify citations in electronic databases for the following terms: folic acid supplementation AND pre-eclampsia, folic acid supplementation AND genome stability, folate AND genome stability AND pre-eclampsia, folic acid supplementation AND DNA methylation, and folate AND DNA methylation AND pre-eclampsia. Forty-three articles were selected according to predefined selection criteria. The studies included in the present review were not homogeneous, which made pooled analysis of the data very difficult. The present review highlights associations between folate deficiency and certain biomarkers observed in various tissues of women at risk of pre-eclampsia. Further investigation is required to understand the role of folate in either the etiology or the prevention of pre-eclampsia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Dass Singh
- M.D. Singh, J. Owens, and W. Hague are with the School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Robinson Institute, Australian Research Centre for Health of Women and Babies, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. M.D. Singh, P. Thomas and M. Fenech are with the Genome Health and Personalized Nutrition Laboratory Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Food and Nutrition Flagship, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Philip Thomas
- M.D. Singh, J. Owens, and W. Hague are with the School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Robinson Institute, Australian Research Centre for Health of Women and Babies, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. M.D. Singh, P. Thomas and M. Fenech are with the Genome Health and Personalized Nutrition Laboratory Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Food and Nutrition Flagship, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Julie Owens
- M.D. Singh, J. Owens, and W. Hague are with the School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Robinson Institute, Australian Research Centre for Health of Women and Babies, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. M.D. Singh, P. Thomas and M. Fenech are with the Genome Health and Personalized Nutrition Laboratory Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Food and Nutrition Flagship, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - William Hague
- M.D. Singh, J. Owens, and W. Hague are with the School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Robinson Institute, Australian Research Centre for Health of Women and Babies, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. M.D. Singh, P. Thomas and M. Fenech are with the Genome Health and Personalized Nutrition Laboratory Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Food and Nutrition Flagship, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michael Fenech
- M.D. Singh, J. Owens, and W. Hague are with the School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Robinson Institute, Australian Research Centre for Health of Women and Babies, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. M.D. Singh, P. Thomas and M. Fenech are with the Genome Health and Personalized Nutrition Laboratory Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Food and Nutrition Flagship, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
López-Alarcón M, Montalvo-Velarde I, Vital-Reyes VS, Hinojosa-Cruz JC, Leaños-Miranda A, Martínez-Basila A. Serial determinations of asymmetric dimethylarginine and homocysteine during pregnancy to predict pre-eclampsia: a longitudinal study. BJOG 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.13516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M López-Alarcón
- Unit of Research in Medical Nutrition; Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI; Mexican Institute of Social Security; Mexico City Mexico
| | - I Montalvo-Velarde
- Unit of Research in Medical Nutrition; Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI; Mexican Institute of Social Security; Mexico City Mexico
| | - VS Vital-Reyes
- Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynaecology #3; Centro Médico La Raza; Mexican Institute of Social Security; Mexico City Mexico
| | - JC Hinojosa-Cruz
- Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynaecology #3; Centro Médico La Raza; Mexican Institute of Social Security; Mexico City Mexico
| | - A Leaños-Miranda
- Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynaecology #4; Luis Castelazo Ayala; Mexican Institute of Social Security; Mexico City Mexico
| | - A Martínez-Basila
- Unit of Research in Medical Nutrition; Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI; Mexican Institute of Social Security; Mexico City Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Visentin CE, Masih S, Plumptre L, Malysheva O, Nielsen DE, Sohn KJ, Ly A, Lausman AY, Berger H, Croxford R, El-Sohemy A, Caudill MA, O'Connor DL, Kim YI. Maternal Choline Status, but Not Fetal Genotype, Influences Cord Plasma Choline Metabolite Concentrations. J Nutr 2015; 145:1491-7. [PMID: 25972528 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.211136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Choline deficiency during pregnancy can lead to adverse birth outcomes, including impaired neurodevelopment and birth defects. Genetic variants of choline and one-carbon metabolism may also influence birth outcomes by altering plasma choline concentrations. The effects of maternal ad libitum choline intake during pregnancy and fetal genetic variants on maternal and cord concentrations of choline and its metabolites are unknown. OBJECTIVES This prospective study sought to assess the effect of 1) maternal dietary choline intake on maternal and cord plasma concentrations of choline and its metabolites, and 2) fetal genetic polymorphisms on cord plasma concentrations. METHODS The dietary choline intake of 368 pregnant Canadian women was assessed in early (0-16 wk) and late (23-37 wk) pregnancy with the use of a food frequency questionnaire. Plasma concentrations of free choline and its metabolites were measured in maternal samples at recruitment and delivery, and in the cord blood. Ten fetal genetic variants in choline and one-carbon metabolism were assessed for their association with cord plasma concentrations of free choline and its metabolites. RESULTS Mean maternal plasma free choline, dimethylglycine, and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) concentrations increased during pregnancy by 49%, 17%, and 13%, respectively (P < 0.005), whereas betaine concentrations decreased by 21% (P < 0.005). Cord plasma concentrations of free choline, betaine, dimethylglycine, and TMAO were 3.2, 2.0, 1.3, and 0.88 times corresponding maternal concentrations at delivery, respectively (all P < 0.005). Maternal plasma concentrations of betaine, dimethylglycine, and TMAO (r(2) = 0.19-0.51; P < 0.0001) at delivery were moderately strong, whereas maternal concentrations of free choline were not significant (r(2) = 0.12; P = 0.06), predictors of cord plasma concentrations of these metabolites. Neither maternal dietary intake nor fetal genetic variants predicted maternal or cord plasma concentrations of choline and its metabolites. CONCLUSION These data collectively indicate that maternal choline status, but not fetal genotype, influences cord plasma concentrations of choline metabolites. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02244684.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carly E Visentin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Shannon Masih
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lesley Plumptre
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Olga Malysheva
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY; and
| | - Daiva E Nielsen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kyoung-Jin Sohn
- Departments of Medicine and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Anna Ly
- Departments of Medicine and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Andrea Y Lausman
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Michael's Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Howard Berger
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Michael's Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Ahmed El-Sohemy
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marie A Caudill
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY; and
| | - Deborah L O'Connor
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Research Institute, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Young-In Kim
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Departments of Medicine and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Barnabé A, Aléssio ACM, Bittar LF, de Moraes Mazetto B, Bicudo AM, de Paula EV, Höehr NF, Annichino-Bizzacchi JM. Folate, vitamin B12 and Homocysteine status in the post-folic acid fortification era in different subgroups of the Brazilian population attended to at a public health care center. Nutr J 2015; 14:19. [PMID: 25886278 PMCID: PMC4354994 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-015-0006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Folate and vitamin B12 are essential nutrients, whose deficiencies are considerable public health problems worldwide, affecting all age groups. Low levels of these vitamins have been associated with high concentrations of homocysteine (Hcy) and can lead to health complications. Several genetic polymorphisms affect the metabolism of these vitamins. The aims of this study were to assess folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine status in distinct Brazilian individuals after the initiation of folic acid fortification by Brazilian authorities and to investigate the effects of RFC1 A80G, GCPII C1561T and MTHFR C677T polymorphisms on folate, vitamin B12 and Hcy levels in these populations. METHODS A total of 719 individuals including the elderly, children, as well as pregnant and lactating women were recruited from our health care center. Folate, vitamin B12 and Hcy levels were measured by conventional methods. Genotype analyses of RFC1 A80G, GCPII C1561T and MTHFR C677T polymorphisms were performed by PCR-RFLP. RESULTS The overall prevalence of folate and vitamin B12 deficiencies were 0.3% and 4.9%, respectively. Folate deficiency was observed only in the elderly (0.4%) and pregnant women (0.3%), whereas vitamin B12 deficiency was observed mainly in pregnant women (7.9%) and the elderly (4.2%). Plasma Hcy concentrations were significantly higher in the elderly (33.6%). Pregnant women carrying the MTHFR 677TT genotype showed lower serum folate levels (p = 0.042) and higher Hcy levels (p = 0.003). RFC1 A80G and GCPII C1561T polymorphisms did not affect folate and Hcy levels in the study group. After a multivariate analysis, Hcy levels were predicted by variables such as folate, vitamin B12, gender, age and RFC1 A80G polymorphism, according to the groups studied. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that folate deficiency is practically nonexistent in the post-folic acid fortification era in the subgroups evaluated. However, screening for vitamin B12 deficiency may be particularly relevant in our population, especially in the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Barnabé
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Alexander Fleming, 105, Campinas, SP, 13083-881, Brazil.
| | - Ana Cláudia Morandi Aléssio
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, Rua Carlos Chagas, 480, Campinas, SP, 13083-878, Brazil.
| | - Luis Fernando Bittar
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, Rua Carlos Chagas, 480, Campinas, SP, 13083-878, Brazil.
| | - Bruna de Moraes Mazetto
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, Rua Carlos Chagas, 480, Campinas, SP, 13083-878, Brazil.
| | - Angélica M Bicudo
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Campinas, SP, 13083-887, Brazil.
| | - Erich V de Paula
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Alexander Fleming, 105, Campinas, SP, 13083-881, Brazil.
| | - Nelci Fenalti Höehr
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Alexander Fleming, 105, Campinas, SP, 13083-881, Brazil.
| | - Joyce M Annichino-Bizzacchi
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, Rua Carlos Chagas, 480, Campinas, SP, 13083-878, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Islam MR, Attia J, Alauddin M, McEvoy M, McElduff P, Slater C, Islam MM, Akhter A, d’Este C, Peel R, Akter S, Smith W, Begg S, Milton AH. Availability of arsenic in human milk in women and its correlation with arsenic in urine of breastfed children living in arsenic contaminated areas in Bangladesh. Environ Health 2014; 13:101. [PMID: 25471535 PMCID: PMC4265415 DOI: 10.1186/1476-069x-13-101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early life exposure to inorganic arsenic may be related to adverse health effects in later life. However, there are few data on postnatal arsenic exposure via human milk. In this study, we aimed to determine arsenic levels in human milk and the correlation between arsenic in human milk and arsenic in mothers and infants urine. METHODS Between March 2011 and March 2012, this prospective study identified a total of 120 new mother-baby pairs from Kashiani (subdistrict), Bangladesh. Of these, 30 mothers were randomly selected for human milk samples at 1, 6 and 9 months post-natally; the same mother baby pairs were selected for urine sampling at 1 and 6 months. Twelve urine samples from these 30 mother baby pairs were randomly selected for arsenic speciation. RESULTS Arsenic concentration in human milk was low and non-normally distributed. The median arsenic concentration in human milk at all three time points remained at 0.5 μg/L. In the mixed model estimates, arsenic concentration in human milk was non-significantly reduced by -0.035 μg/L (95% CI: -0.09 to 0.02) between 1 and 6 months and between 6 and 9 months. With the progression of time, arsenic concentration in infant's urine increased non-significantly by 0.13 μg/L (95% CI: -1.27 to 1.53). Arsenic in human milk at 1 and 6 months was not correlated with arsenic in the infant's urine at the same time points (r = -0.13 at 1 month and r = -0.09 at 6 month). Arsenite (AsIII), arsenate (AsV), monomethyl arsonic acid (MMA), dimethyl arsinic acid (DMA) and arsenobetaine (AsB) were the constituents of total urinary arsenic; DMA was the predominant arsenic metabolite in infant urine. CONCLUSIONS We observed a low arsenic concentration in human milk. The concentration was lower than the World Health Organization's maximum permissible limit (WHO Permissible Limit 15 μg/kg-bw/week). Our findings support the safety of breastfeeding even in arsenic contaminated areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Rafiqul Islam
- />Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics (CCEB), The School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305 Australia
| | - John Attia
- />Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics (CCEB), The School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305 Australia
| | | | - Mark McEvoy
- />Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics (CCEB), The School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305 Australia
| | - Patrick McElduff
- />Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics (CCEB), The School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305 Australia
| | - Christine Slater
- />Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Md Monirul Islam
- />Centre for Nutrition and Food Security, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Bangladesh, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212 Bangladesh
| | - Ayesha Akhter
- />Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Area Health Services, 2 Lookout Road, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305 Australia
| | - Catherine d’Este
- />Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics (CCEB), The School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305 Australia
| | - Roseanne Peel
- />Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics (CCEB), The School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305 Australia
| | - Shahnaz Akter
- />Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Child and Mother Health, Matuail, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Wayne Smith
- />Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics (CCEB), The School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305 Australia
- />Department of Environmental Health, NSW Health, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Stephen Begg
- />School of Rural Health, LaTrobe University, Bendigo, VIC Australia
| | - Abul Hasnat Milton
- />Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics (CCEB), The School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
West AA, Shih Y, Wang W, Oda K, Jaceldo-Siegl K, Sabaté J, Haddad E, Rajaram S, Caudill MA, Burns-Whitmore B. Egg n-3 Fatty Acid Composition Modulates Biomarkers of Choline Metabolism in Free-Living Lacto-Ovo-Vegetarian Women of Reproductive Age. J Acad Nutr Diet 2014; 114:1594-600. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
38
|
Midttun Ø, Townsend MK, Nygård O, Tworoger SS, Brennan P, Johansson M, Ueland PM. Most blood biomarkers related to vitamin status, one-carbon metabolism, and the kynurenine pathway show adequate preanalytical stability and within-person reproducibility to allow assessment of exposure or nutritional status in healthy women and cardiovascular patients. J Nutr 2014; 144:784-90. [PMID: 24647388 PMCID: PMC3985833 DOI: 10.3945/jn.113.189738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of stability during sample transportation and changes in biomarker concentrations within person over time are paramount for proper design and interpretation of epidemiologic studies based on a single measurement of biomarker status. Therefore, we investigated stability and intraindividual vs. interindividual variation in blood concentrations of biomarkers related to vitamin status, one-carbon metabolism, and the kynurenine pathway. Whole blood (EDTA and heparin, n = 12) was stored with an icepack for 24 or 48 h, and plasma concentrations of 38 biomarkers were determined. Stability was calculated as change per hour, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and simple Spearman correlation. Within-person reproducibility of biomarkers was expressed as ICC in samples collected 1-2 y apart from 40 postmenopausal women and in samples collected up to 3 y apart from 551 patients with stable angina pectoris. Biomarker stability was similar in EDTA and heparin blood. Most biomarkers were essentially stable, except for choline and total homocysteine (tHcy), which increased markedly. Within-person reproducibility in postmenopausal women was excellent (ICC > 0.75) for cotinine, all-trans retinol, cobalamin, riboflavin, α-tocopherol, Gly, pyridoxal, methylmalonic acid, creatinine, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, and Ser; was good to fair (ICC of 0.74-0.40) for pyridoxic acid, kynurenine, tHcy, cholecalciferol, flavin mononucleotide, kynurenic acid, xanthurenic acid, 3-hydroxykynurenine, sarcosine, anthranilic acid, cystathionine, homoarginine, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, betaine, Arg, folate, total cysteine, dimethylglycine, asymmetric dimethylarginine, neopterin, symmetric dimethylarginine, and Trp; and poor (ICC of 0.39-0.15) for methionine sulfoxide, Met, choline, and trimethyllysine. Similar reproducibilities were observed in patients with coronary heart disease. Thus, most biomarkers investigated were essentially stable in cooled whole blood for up to 48 h and had a sufficient within-person reproducibility to allow one-exposure assessment of biomarker status in epidemiologic studies. The Western Norway B Vitamin Intervention Trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NTC00354081.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mary K. Townsend
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ottar Nygård
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Shelley S. Tworoger
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; and
| | | | - Per Magne Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Jiang X, West AA, Caudill MA. Maternal choline supplementation: a nutritional approach for improving offspring health? Trends Endocrinol Metab 2014; 25:263-73. [PMID: 24680198 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The modulatory role of choline on the fetal epigenome and the impact of in utero choline supply on fetal programming and health are of great interest. Studies in animals and/or humans suggest that maternal choline supplementation during pregnancy benefits important physiologic systems such as offspring cognitive function, response to stress, and cerebral inhibition. Because alterations in offspring phenotype frequently coincide with epigenetic modifications and changes in gene expression, maternal choline supplementation may be a nutritional strategy to improve lifelong health of the child. Future studies are warranted to elucidate further the effect of choline on the fetal epigenome and to determine the level of maternal choline intake required for optimal offspring physiologic function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyin Jiang
- Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USA
| | - Allyson A West
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853, NY, USA
| | - Marie A Caudill
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Wu BT, Innis SM, Mulder KA, Dyer RA, King DJ. Low plasma vitamin B-12 is associated with a lower pregnancy-associated rise in plasma free choline in Canadian pregnant women and lower postnatal growth rates in their male infants. Am J Clin Nutr 2013; 98:1209-17. [PMID: 24004892 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.113.060269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Choline needs are increased in pregnancy. Choline can be used as a source of methyl for homocysteine remethylation to methionine, but choline synthesis requires methyls from methionine. Vitamin B-12 deficiency increases choline use for homocysteine methylation. OBJECTIVES We investigated whether poor vitamin B-12 status occurs and contributes to low plasma choline and altered biomarkers of choline synthesis in pregnant women. With the use of a post hoc analysis, we addressed the association of maternal plasma vitamin B-12 status with postnatal growth rates in term infants. DESIGN Blood was analyzed for a prospective study of 264 and 220 pregnant women at 16 and 36 wk of gestation, respectively, and 88 nonpregnant women as a reference. RESULTS The proportion of women with a plasma total vitamin B-12 concentration <148 pmol/L (deficient) or 148-220 pmol/L (marginal) increased with pregnancy and pregnancy duration, which affected 3% and 9% of nonpregnant women, 10% and 21% of women at 16 wk of gestation, and 23% and 35% of women at 36 wk of gestation, respectively. Plasma free choline, betaine, and dimethylglycine were lower in women at 36 wk of gestation with a deficient or marginal compared with sufficient plasma total vitamin B-12 concentration (>220 pmol/L). Plasma total vitamin B-12 was positively associated with the increase in plasma free choline from midgestation to late gestation (P < 0.001). The postnatal growth rate to 9 mo was lower in infant boys of women classified as total vitamin B-12 deficient compared with sufficient. CONCLUSION This study shows that maternal vitamin B-12 status is related to choline status in late gestation in a folate-replete population and may be a determinant of infant growth even in the absence of undernutrition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Tf Wu
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Obeid R. The metabolic burden of methyl donor deficiency with focus on the betaine homocysteine methyltransferase pathway. Nutrients 2013; 5:3481-95. [PMID: 24022817 PMCID: PMC3798916 DOI: 10.3390/nu5093481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Methyl groups are important for numerous cellular functions such as DNA methylation, phosphatidylcholine synthesis, and protein synthesis. The methyl group can directly be delivered by dietary methyl donors, including methionine, folate, betaine, and choline. The liver and the muscles appear to be the major organs for methyl group metabolism. Choline can be synthesized from phosphatidylcholine via the cytidine-diphosphate (CDP) pathway. Low dietary choline loweres methionine formation and causes a marked increase in S-adenosylmethionine utilization in the liver. The link between choline, betaine, and energy metabolism in humans indicates novel functions for these nutrients. This function appears to goes beyond the role of the nutrients in gene methylation and epigenetic control. Studies that simulated methyl-deficient diets reported disturbances in energy metabolism and protein synthesis in the liver, fatty liver, or muscle disorders. Changes in plasma concentrations of total homocysteine (tHcy) reflect one aspect of the metabolic consequences of methyl group deficiency or nutrient supplementations. Folic acid supplementation spares betaine as a methyl donor. Betaine is a significant determinant of plasma tHcy, particularly in case of folate deficiency, methionine load, or alcohol consumption. Betaine supplementation has a lowering effect on post-methionine load tHcy. Hypomethylation and tHcy elevation can be attenuated when choline or betaine is available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rima Obeid
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of the Saarland, D-66424, Homburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Imbard A, Smulders YM, Barto R, Smith DEC, Kok RM, Jakobs C, Blom HJ. Plasma choline and betaine correlate with serum folate, plasma S-adenosyl-methionine and S-adenosyl-homocysteine in healthy volunteers. Clin Chem Lab Med 2013; 51:683-92. [PMID: 23095202 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2012-0302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Choline is essential for mammalian cell function. It plays a critical role in cell membrane integrity, neurotransmission, cell signaling and lipid metabolism. Moreover, choline is involved in methylation in two ways: a) its synthesis requires methyl groups donated by S-adenosyl-methionine (AdoMet); and b) choline oxidation product betaine methylates homocysteine (Hcy) to methionine (Met) and produces dimethylglycine. This later donates one carbon units to tetrahydrofolate (THF). METHODS To evaluate the correlations of choline and betaine with folate, AdoMet, S-anenosyl-homocysteine (AdoHcy), total homocysteine (tHcy), and DNA methylation, choline, betaine and dimethylglycine were measured by LC-MS/MS in plasma of 109 healthy volunteers, in whom folate, AdoMet, AdoHcy, tHcy, and DNA methylation have previously been reported. RESULTS Using a bivariate model, choline and betaine showed strong positive correlations with folate (r = 0.346 and r = 0.226), AdoHcy (r = 0.468 and r = 0.296), and correlated negatively with AdoMet/AdoHcy ratio (r = – 0.246 and r = – 0.379). Only choline was positively correlated with AdoMet (r = 0.453). Using a multivariate linear regression model, choline correlated strongly with folate ( β = 17.416), AdoMet ( β = 61.272), and AdoHcy ( β = 9.215). Betaine correlated positively with folate ( β = 0.133) and negatively with tHcy ( β = – 0.194) ratio. Choline is an integral part of folate and methylation pathways. CONCLUSIONS Our data highlight the importance of integrating choline in studies concerning addressing pathological conditions related to folate, homocysteine and methylation metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Apolline Imbard
- Biochemistry-Hormonology Laboratory, Robert Debré Hospital, 48 Boulevard Serurier, 75019 Paris, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Alsayed R, Al Quobaili F, Srour S, Geisel J, Obeid R. Elevated dimethylglycine in blood of children with congenital heart defects and their mothers. Metabolism 2013; 62:1074-80. [PMID: 23481916 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2013.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Revised: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Congenital Heart Defects (CHD) may be related to nutritional deficiencies affecting the methylation cycle. We aimed to study the metabolic markers of the betaine homocysteine methyl transferase (BHMT) pathway in children with CHD and their mothers compared to children without CHD and their mothers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Children with CHD (n=105, age < 3 years) and mothers of 80 of the affected children were studied. The controls were non-CHDs children of comparable age as the CHD group (n=52) and their mothers (n=50). We measured serum or plasma concentrations of the metabolites of the methylation cycle homocysteine (HCY), methylmalonic acid (MMA), cystathionine, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), betaine, choline, and dimethylglycine (DMG). RESULTS Children with CHD had higher plasma SAM (131 vs. 100 nmol/L) and DMG (8.7 vs. 6.0 μmol/L) and lower betaine/DMG ratio (7.5 vs. 10.2) compared to the controls. Mothers of CHD children showed also higher DMG (6.1 vs. 4.1 µmol/L) and lower betaine/DMG ratio compared with the mothers of the controls. Higher SAM levels were related to higher cystathionine, MMA, betaine, choline, and DMG. MMA elevation in the patients was related to higher HCY, SAM, betaine and DMG. CONCLUSIONS Elevated DMG in CHD children and their mothers compared to the controls can indicate upregulation of the BHMT pathway in this disease group. Nutritional factors are related to metabolic imbalance during pregnancy that may be related to worse birth outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ranwa Alsayed
- Damascus University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Damascus, Syria.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wadhwani NS, Pisal HR, Mehendale SS, Joshi SR. A prospective study of maternal fatty acids, micronutrients and homocysteine and their association with birth outcome. MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION 2013; 11:559-73. [PMID: 23795920 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Our earlier studies both in animals and in humans have indicated that micronutrients (folic acid, vitamin B12) and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are interlinked in the one-carbon cycle, which plays an important role in fetal 'programming' of adult diseases. The present study examines the levels of maternal and cord plasma fatty acids, maternal folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine in healthy mothers at various time points during pregnancy and also examine an association between them. A longitudinal study of 106 normal pregnant women was carried out, and maternal blood was collected at three time points, viz., T1 = 16-20th week, T2 = 26-30th week and T3 = at delivery. Cord blood was collected at delivery. Fatty acids were estimated using a gas chromatograph. Levels of folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine were estimated by the chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) technology. Maternal plasma folate (P < 0.05), vitamin B12 (P < 0.01) and DHA (P < 0.05) levels were lowest, while maternal homocysteine levels were highest (P < 0.01) at T3. There was a negative association between maternal DHA and homocysteine at T2 (P < 0.05) and T3 (P < 0.01). There was a positive association between plasma DHA in maternal blood at T3 and cord blood. Furthermore, there was a positive association between maternal folate and vitamin B12 at T3 and baby weight, whereas maternal homocysteine at T1 were inversely associated with baby weight at delivery. Our study provides evidence for the associations of folic acid, vitamin B12, homocysteine with DHA and baby weight, suggesting that a balanced dietary supplementation of folate-vitamin B12-DHA during pregnancy may be beneficial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nisha S Wadhwani
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune, India
| | - Hemlata R Pisal
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune, India
| | - Savita S Mehendale
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bharati Medical College and Hospital, Charity Vidyapeeth University, Pune, India
| | - Sadhana R Joshi
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune, India
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hogeveen M, den Heijer M, Semmekrot BA, Sporken JM, Ueland PM, Blom HJ. Umbilical choline and related methylamines betaine and dimethylglycine in relation to birth weight. Pediatr Res 2013; 73:783-7. [PMID: 23503477 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2013.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low birth weight (LBW) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality for the newborn and risk of chronic disease in adulthood. Choline plays an essential role in the integrity of cell membranes, methylation reactions, and memory development. We examined whether choline, betaine, and dimethylglycine (DMG) concentrations were associated with LBW in Dutch women. METHODS Blood was sampled from umbilical cords (UCs) at delivery in singleton pregnancies (n = 1,126). Maternal blood was sampled at 30-34 wk of gestational age (GA) (n = 366). We calculated birth weights standardized for GA and defined LBW as standardized birth weight ≤ 2,500 g. RESULTS Maternal concentrations were lower as compared with UC concentrations and were not associated with birth weight. UC choline and betaine were inversely associated with birth weight (β = -60 (-89, -31) and β = -65 (-94, -36), respectively), whereas UC DMG was positively associated with birth weight (β = 35 (6.1, 63)). Odds ratios for LBW were 4.12 (1.15, 14.78), 5.68 (1.24, 25.91), and 0.48 (0.09, 2.65) for the highest UC choline, betaine, and DMG quartiles, respectively, as compared with the lowest quartiles. CONCLUSION We observed an increased risk of LBW with increased umbilical choline and betaine in venous UC blood. These results might reflect a change in choline consumption or metabolism or a disturbed placental function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marije Hogeveen
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Fernàndez-Roig S, Cavallé-Busquets P, Fernandez-Ballart JD, Ballesteros M, Berrocal-Zaragoza MI, Salat-Batlle J, Ueland PM, Murphy MM. Low folate status enhances pregnancy changes in plasma betaine and dimethylglycine concentrations and the association between betaine and homocysteine. Am J Clin Nutr 2013; 97:1252-9. [PMID: 23595875 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.112.054189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Folate, choline, and betaine participate in homocysteine metabolism. It is not known whether they interact during pregnancy. OBJECTIVE The objective was to investigate how folate status affects choline, betaine, and dimethylglycine during pregnancy. DESIGN Fasting plasma folate, cobalamin, free choline, betaine, dimethylglycine, and total homocysteine (tHcy) were measured longitudinally at <12, 15, 24-27, and 34 gestational weeks (GW); at labor (nonfasting); and in the cord in participants (n = 522) from the Reus-Tarragona Birth Cohort (NUTrició i Creixement Intrauterí Retardat phase). Timing, dose, and duration of folic acid supplement use were recorded. Folate status was classified as below (low) or above (high) median plasma folate at baseline (27.6 nmol/L) and at 24-27 GW (11.4 nmol/L). Associations between folate or betaine with tHcy were investigated by using multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS Plasma betaine decreased by 34.8% (1.0%) throughout pregnancy, and dimethylglycine increased by 39.7% (2.7%) between 24-27 GW and labor (all P < 0.001). Compared with high folate status, low status was associated with a higher dimethylglycine/betaine ratio from 15 GW and with lower plasma betaine and higher dimethylglycine from 24 to 27 GW, for the rest of pregnancy. Regression analysis showed that by 24-27 GW, both plasma folate and betaine were inversely associated with tHcy when folate status was low and that the association between betaine and tHcy depended on folate status at 24-27 and 34 GW (interaction terms: P < 0.001 and P < 0.01). Betaine was inversely associated with tHcy at labor regardless of folate status. CONCLUSION Low folate status enhances the reduction in betaine and the increase in dimethylglycine during pregnancy and strengthens the association between betaine and tHcy. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01778205.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Fernàndez-Roig
- Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
van Wettere WHEJ, Smits RJ, Hughes PE. Methyl donor supplementation of gestating sow diets improves pregnancy outcomes and litter size. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2013. [DOI: 10.1071/an11350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Maternal intake of B-vitamin and methyl donors can affect sow prolificacy. A total of 1079 Large White/Landrace sows (parities 2–9 at mating) were used in a 2 by 2 by 2 factorial design to determine the effects of two levels of betaine supplementation (0 versus 3 g added betaine/kg feed), two levels of folic acid plus vitamin B12 supplementation (0 versus 20 mg/kg folic acid plus 150 µg/kg vitamin B12) during gestation, and two parity groups (parity 2 and 3 versus parity 4 and greater) on litter size and pregnancy outcomes. The number of sows returning to oestrus post-insemination, as well as the number of early (<Day 30) and late (>Day 30) pregnancy losses were recorded. At farrowing, the total number of piglets born, the number of piglets born alive and dead, as well as the number of mummified fetuses were recorded. Pre-prandial blood samples were collected from a subset of 20 sows/treatment on Days 3, 30 and 107 of gestation to analyse homocysteine. The incidence of early pregnancy loss was reduced (P < 0.001) by folic acid plus vitamin B12 supplementation (0.03 versus 0.07). There was a significant interaction between parity at mating (parities 2 and 3 versus parity 4 and greater) and the addition of betaine or folic acid plus vitamin B12 to the gestation diet on litter size. Litter size was higher (0.5 piglets; P < 0.05) for betaine supplemented, compared with unsupplemented, parity 4 plus sows. Folic acid plus vitamin B12-supplemented parity 2 and 3 sows gave birth to more (P < 0.05) piglets than all other treatment groups. Folic acid plus vitamin B12 supplementation decreased (P < 0.001) plasma homocysteine concentration by 2.2 and 2.8 μM, respectively, on Days 3 and 107 of gestation. However, betaine supplementation decreased (P < 0.05) homocysteine on Day 3 only. Overall, folic acid plus vitamin B12 supplementation decreased incidences of early pregnancy failure and increased litter size in early parity sows, while betaine increased litter size in older parity sows.
Collapse
|
48
|
Alirezaei M, Jelodar G, Niknam P, Khoshdel Z, Yavari M. Nutritional effects of betaine on weight and length of rat offspring. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-012-1650-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
49
|
Wu BTF, Dyer RA, King DJ, Richardson KJ, Innis SM. Early second trimester maternal plasma choline and betaine are related to measures of early cognitive development in term infants. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43448. [PMID: 22916264 PMCID: PMC3423345 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of maternal dietary choline for fetal neural development and later cognitive function has been well-documented in experimental studies. Although choline is an essential dietary nutrient for humans, evidence that low maternal choline in pregnancy impacts neurodevelopment in human infants is lacking. We determined potential associations between maternal plasma free choline and its metabolites betaine and dimethylglycine in pregnancy and infant neurodevelopment at 18 months of age. METHODOLOGY This was a prospective study of healthy pregnant women and their full-term, single birth infants. Maternal blood was collected at 16 and 36 weeks of gestation and infant neurodevelopment was assessed at 18 months of age for 154 mother-infant pairs. Maternal plasma choline, betaine, dimethylglycine, methionine, homocysteine, cysteine, total B12, holotranscobalamin and folate were quantified. Infant neurodevelopment was evaluated using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-III. Multivariate regression, adjusting for covariates that impact development, was used to determine the associations between maternal plasma choline, betaine and dimethylglycine and infant neurodevelopment. RESULTS The maternal plasma free choline at 16 and 36 weeks gestation was median (interquartile range) 6.70 (5.78-8.03) and 9.40 (8.10-11.3) µmol/L, respectively. Estimated choline intakes were (mean ± SD) 383 ± 98.6 mg/day, and lower than the recommended 450 mg/day. Betaine intakes were 142 ± 70.2 mg/day. Significant positive associations were found between infant cognitive test scores and maternal plasma free choline (B=6.054, SE=2.283, p=0.009) and betaine (B=7.350, SE=1.933, p=0.0002) at 16 weeks of gestation. Maternal folate, total B12, or holotranscobalamin were not related to infant development. CONCLUSION We show that choline status in the first half of pregnancy is associated with cognitive development among healthy term gestation infants. More work is needed on the potential limitation of choline or betaine in the diets of pregnant women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian T. F. Wu
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Roger A. Dyer
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - D. Janette King
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kelly J. Richardson
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sheila M. Innis
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
Methionine and folate are the key components of one carbon metabolism, providing the methyl groups for numerous methyl transferase reactions via the ubiquitous methyl donor, s-adenosyl methionine. Methionine metabolism is responsive to nutrient intake, is regulated by several hormones and requires a number of vitamins (B12, pyridoxine, riboflavin) as co-factors. The critical relationship between perturbations in the mother's methionine metabolism and its impact on fetal growth and development is now becoming evident. The relation of folate intake to fetal teratogenesis has been known for some time. Studies in human pregnancy show a continuous decrease in plasma homocysteine, and an increase in plasma choline concentrations with advancing gestation. A higher rate of transsulfuration of methionine in early gestation and of transmethylation in the 3rd trimester was seen in healthy pregnant women. How these processes are impacted by nutritional, hormonal and other influences in human pregnancy and their effect on fetal growth has not been examined. Isocaloric protein restriction in pregnant rats, resulted in fetal growth restriction and metabolic reprogramming. Isocaloric protein restriction in the non-pregnant rat, resulted in differential expression of a number of genes in the liver, a 50% increase in whole body serine biosynthesis and high rate of transmethylation, suggesting high methylation demands. These responses were associated with a significant decrease in intracellular taurine levels in the liver suggesting a role of cellular osmolarity in the observed metabolic responses. These unique changes in methionine and one carbon metabolism in response to physiological, nutritional and hormonal influences make these processes critical for cellular and organ function and growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satish C Kalhan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|