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Hutchinson JM, Raffoul A, Pepetone A, Andrade L, Williams TE, McNaughton SA, Leech RM, Reedy J, Shams-White MM, Vena JE, Dodd KW, Bodnar LM, Lamarche B, Wallace MP, Deitchler M, Hussain S, Kirkpatrick SI. Advances in methods for characterizing dietary patterns: A scoping review. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.06.20.24309251. [PMID: 38947003 PMCID: PMC11213084 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.20.24309251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
There is a growing focus on better understanding the complexity of dietary patterns and how they relate to health and other factors. Approaches that have not traditionally been applied to characterize dietary patterns, such as machine learning algorithms and latent class analysis methods, may offer opportunities to measure and characterize dietary patterns in greater depth than previously considered. However, there has not been a formal examination of how this wide range of approaches has been applied to characterize dietary patterns. This scoping review synthesized literature from 2005-2022 applying methods not traditionally used to characterize dietary patterns, referred to as novel methods. MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Scopus were searched using keywords including machine learning, latent class analysis, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). Of 5274 records identified, 24 met the inclusion criteria. Twelve of 24 articles were published since 2020. Studies were conducted across 17 countries. Nine studies used approaches that have applications in machine learning to identify dietary patterns. Fourteen studies assessed associations between dietary patterns that were characterized using novel methods and health outcomes, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and asthma. There was wide variation in the methods applied to characterize dietary patterns and in how these methods were described. The extension of reporting guidelines and quality appraisal tools relevant to nutrition research to consider specific features of novel methods may facilitate complete and consistent reporting and enable evidence synthesis to inform policies and programs aimed at supporting healthy dietary patterns.
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Li T, Wu H, Fu Z, Li H, Li Q, Liu Y, Zhang Q. The association between polyunsaturated fatty acids and periodontitis: NHANES 2011-2014 and Mendelian randomisation analysis. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:168. [PMID: 38835019 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02159-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to explore the association and potential causality between polyunsaturated fatty acids concentrations and the risk of periodontal disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were collected from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Weighted logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were used to analyse the associations of the concentrations of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and the omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids ratio with the risk of periodontitis. E-value and propensity score matching (PSM) analyses were used for sensitivity analyses. In addition, two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses were performed to assess the potential causal impact of the concentrations of those fatty acids on periodontitis risk. RESULTS A total of 2462 participants from the NHANES were included. Logistic regression analysis revealed that high omega-3 fatty acids levels were negatively associated with the risk of developing periodontitis (P < 0.05), while the omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids ratio was positively associated with the risk of developing periodontitis (P < 0.05). There was no significant association between omega-6 concentrations and the risk of periodontitis. The findings mentioned above were confirmed by analysis following a 1:1 PSM. Furthermore, MR examination of the two samples indicated no possible causal link between the risk of periodontitis and the concentrations of omega-3 or omega-6 fatty acids or the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Although omega-3 fatty acids and the omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids ratio were associated with the risk of periodontitis in cross-sectional studies, the MR results did not support a causal relationship between them. Therefore, there is no indication that an increase in the omega-3 fatty acids concentration or a decrease in the omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids ratio may be beneficial for preventing periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huadong Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhenzhen Fu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Quan Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China.
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Cao R, Li A, Geng F, Pan Y. Associations of dietary antioxidant intake with periodontal health among US adults: An exploratory mediation analysis via mitochondrial function. J Clin Periodontol 2024; 51:702-711. [PMID: 38323465 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
AIM To assess the relationship between dietary antioxidant intake and periodontal health in US adults and the potential role of mitochondrial function. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. Dietary antioxidant intake was evaluated using three diet-related indices: dietary oxidative balance score (DOBS), dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) of antioxidant vitamins and composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI). Periodontal parameters included attachment loss (AL) and probing pocket depth (PPD). Mitochondrial dysfunction was assessed using the methylmalonic acid (MMA) level. Weighted multivariable linear regression analyses were employed to investigate the association between dietary antioxidant intake and periodontal status. Additionally, exploratory mediation analyses were conducted to determine the mediating effect of MMA on the association. RESULTS Totally, 5520 participants were included in our study. Participants with higher DOBS and DTAC scores had lower mean AL/PPD and MMA values. CDAI was negatively associated with mean AL and PPD. Furthermore, MMA mediated 9.4% and 4.9% of the associations between DOBS and mean AL and mean PPD, respectively. MMA also accounted for 7.2% and 3.3% of the association between DTAC and mean AL and PPD, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The findings support that dietary antioxidant intake helps in improving periodontal health, possibly and partially by enhancing mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyan Cao
- Department of Periodontics, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - An Li
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengxue Geng
- Department of Periodontics, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yaping Pan
- Department of Periodontics, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Wang Y, Yue H, Jiang Y, Huang Q, Shen J, Hailili G, Sun Z, Zhou X, Pu Y, Song H, Yuan C, Zheng Y. Oral Microbiota Linking Associations of Dietary Factors with Recurrent Oral Ulcer. Nutrients 2024; 16:1519. [PMID: 38794756 PMCID: PMC11124033 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Recurrent oral ulcer (ROU) is a prevalent and painful oral disorder with implications beyond physical symptoms, impacting quality of life and necessitating comprehensive management. Understanding the interplays between dietary factors, oral microbiota, and ROU is crucial for developing targeted interventions to improve oral and systemic health. Dietary behaviors and plant-based diet indices including the healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI) were measured based on a validated food frequency questionnaire. Saliva microbial features were profiled using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. In this cross-sectional study of 579 community-based participants (aged 22-74 years, 66.5% females), 337 participants had ROU. Participants in the highest tertile of hPDI exhibited a 43% lower prevalence of ROU (odds ratio [OR] = 0.57, 95%CI: 0.34-0.94), compared to the lowest tertile, independent of demographics, lifestyle, and major chronic diseases. Participants with ROU tended to have lower oral bacterial richness (Observed ASVs, p < 0.05) and distinct bacterial structure compared to those without ROU (PERMANOVA, p = 0.02). The relative abundances of 16 bacterial genera were associated with ROU (p-FDR < 0.20). Of these, Olsenella, TM7x, and unclassified Muribaculaceae were identified as potential mediators in the association between hPDI and ROU (all p-mediations < 0.05). This study provides evidence of the intricate interplays among dietary factors, oral microbiota, and ROU, offering insights that may inform preventive and therapeutic strategies targeting diets and oral microbiomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yetong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Haiyan Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yuzhou Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qiumin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jie Shen
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Gulisiya Hailili
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhonghan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yanni Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Huiling Song
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Changzheng Yuan
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 1609 Xietu Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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Madi M, Abdelsalam M, Elakel A, Zakaria O, AlGhamdi M, Alqahtani M, AlMuhaish L, Farooqi F, Alamri TA, Alhafid IA, Alzahrani IM, Alam AH, Alhashmi MT, Alasseri IA, AlQuorain AA, AlQuorain AA. Salivary interleukin-17A and interleukin-18 levels in patients with celiac disease and periodontitis. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17374. [PMID: 38756445 PMCID: PMC11097963 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background An increased level of interleukin-17A and interleukin-18 in the serum and intestinal mucosa of celiac disease patients reflecting the severity of villous atrophy and inflammation was documented. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of salivary-17A, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-18 in patients with celiac disease who are on a gluten-free diet, both with and without periodontitis, and to compare these levels with those in healthy individuals. Methods The study involved 23 participants with serologically confirmed celiac disease (CD) and 23 control subjects. The CD patients had been following a gluten-free diet (GFD) for a minimum of 1 year and had no other autoimmune disorders. The research involved collecting demographic data, conducting periodontal examinations, gathering unstimulated whole saliva, and performing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to measure salivary interleukin-17A, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-18 levels. Spearman's correlation analysis was utilized to explore the relationships between CD markers in patients on a GFD and their periodontal clinical findings. Results The periodontal findings indicated significantly lower values in celiac disease patients adhering to a gluten-free diet compared to control subjects (p = 0.001). No significant differences were found in salivary IL-17A, IL-18, and IL-1B levels between celiac disease patients and control subjects. Nevertheless, the levels of all interleukins were elevated in periodontitis patients in both the celiac and control groups. The IL-1 Beta level was significantly higher in periodontitis patients compared to non-periodontitis patients in the control group (p = 0.035). Significant negative correlations were observed between serum IgA levels and plaque index (r = -0.460, p = 0.010), as well as gingival index (r = -0.396, p = 0.030) in CD patients on a gluten-free diet. Conclusion Celiac disease patients on gluten-free diet exhibited better periodontal health compared to control subjects. However, increased levels of salivary IL-17A, IL-18 and IL-1B levels were associated with periodontitis. Additionally, serum IgA level was significantly inversely associated with periodontitis clinical manifestations and with salivary inflammatory mediators in CD patients on GFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Madi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Abdelsalam
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Elakel
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Zakaria
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maher AlGhamdi
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alqahtani
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Luba AlMuhaish
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faraz Farooqi
- Department of Dental Education, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki A. Alamri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, King Fahad University Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A. Alhafid
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, King Fahad University Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim M. Alzahrani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, King Fahad University Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel H. Alam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, King Fahad University Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed T. Alhashmi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, King Fahad University Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A. Alasseri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, King Fahad University Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad A. AlQuorain
- College of medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A. AlQuorain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, King Fahad University Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
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Huang YQ, Xu JN, Huang Y, Xu YD, Wang HL, Shi WT, Wang J, Wang H. Independent and combined effects of smoking, drinking and depression on periodontal disease. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:535. [PMID: 38711116 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04287-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a complex chronic inflammatory disease that is particularly associated with health-related conditions such as smoking, excessive drinking and depression. This research aimed to investigate the interaction between these lifestyles factors on periodontitis risk. METHODS This study included participants who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in the United States between 2009 and 2014. They had completed oral health-periodontal examination, Smoking-Cigarette Use Questionnaire, Alcohol Use Questionnaire, and Patient Health Questionnaire. Periodontal clinical attachment loss (CAL) of 3 mm or more and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) of 10 scores or more were used to identify periodontitis and depression, respectively. Daily alcohol consumption in the past year was classified into three levels: low (1 drink or less), moderate (between 1 and 3 drinks), and heavy drinking (4 drinks or more), while smoking was defined as having smoked at least 100 cigarettes in one's lifetime. Then, the logistic regression combined with interaction models were used to analyze the independent and combined effects of smoking, drinking and depression on periodontitis risk. RESULTS The results indicated a statistically significant multiplicative interaction between smoking and depression in relation to the development of periodontitis, both in the overall population (P = 0.03) and among male participants (P = 0.03). Furthermore, among individuals experiencing depression, smoking was found to significantly increase the prevalence of periodontitis by 129% in the younger age group compared to non-smokers (odds ratio [OR]: 2.29; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10 to 4.76). However, the interaction between smoking and alcohol consumption was only significant among females (P < 0.05). There was a dose-dependent relationship between drinking frequency and smoking on periodontitis prevalence. In the smoking population, occasional drinking (OR: 1.70; 95% CI: 1.22 to 2.37) and regular drinking (OR: 2.28; 95% CI: 1.68 to 3.11) significantly increased the prevalence of periodontitis compared to individuals without these two factors. CONCLUSION These results suggested that there were interactive effects between smoking, drinking and depression on periodontitis risk and policies aimed at healthy behaviours and mental health may be beneficial for our oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Q Huang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 227 Chongqing Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - J N Xu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.639 Zhizaoju Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Huang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 227 Chongqing Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Y D Xu
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - H L Wang
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - W T Shi
- Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.639 Zhizaoju Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
| | - H Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 227 Chongqing Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, China.
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Ying XX, Hou Y, Zheng X, Ma JX, Wu ML, Liu M, Liu XY, Zhang KL. Exploring Putative Causal Associations between Diet and Periodontal Disease Susceptibility. JDR Clin Trans Res 2024:23800844241247485. [PMID: 38708597 DOI: 10.1177/23800844241247485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dietary factors may play an important role in periodontal health. However, current evidence from observational studies remains inconclusive. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the causal relationships between dietary exposures and periodontal disease risks using Mendelian randomization analysis. METHODS Large-scale genome-wide association study summary statistics for 20 dietary factors were obtained from the MRC-IEU consortium. Multivariable and univariable 2-sample Mendelian randomization analyses were performed to assess the causal effects of each dietary exposure on 6 periodontal outcomes, including gingivitis and periodontitis. RESULTS Genetically predicted higher dried fruit intake was significantly associated with reduced risks of acute gingivitis (odds ratio [OR]: 0.02; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.00-0.42; P = 0.01) and bleeding gums (OR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.93-0.99; P = 0.01). Higher fresh fruit and water intake showed protective effects against chronic gingivitis (OR: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.04-0.91; P = 0.04 and OR: 0.15; 95% CI: 0.04-0.53; P = 0.00) and bleeding gums (OR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.92-0.981; P = 0.00 and OR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.96-0.99; P = 0.02). Alcohol intake frequency and processed meat intake were risk factors for bleeding gums (OR: 1.01; 95% CI: 1.00-1.02; P = 0.01 and OR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01-1.08; P = 0.00) and painful gums (OR: 1.01; 95% CI: 1.00-1.01; P = 0.00 and OR: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01-1.03; P = 0.00). Most of the causal relationships between genetic predisposition to the specified dietary factors and periodontal diseases remained statistically significant (P < 0.05) after adjusting for genetic risks associated with dentures, smoking, and type 2 diabetes in multivariable Mendelian randomization models. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest potential protective effects of higher fruit and water intake against gingivitis and other periodontal problems, while alcohol and processed meat intake may increase the risks of periodontal disease. Our study provides preliminary causal evidence on the effects of diet on periodontal health and could inform prevention strategies targeting dietary habits to improve oral health. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT This study suggests that fruit and water intake may protect against periodontal disease, while alcohol and processed meats increase risk, informing dietary guidelines to improve oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- X X Ying
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Y Hou
- School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - X Zheng
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - J X Ma
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - M L Wu
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - M Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - X Y Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - K L Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Liu B, Yang L, Liu X. Interaction Between Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Zinc Intake and Its Effect on Periodontitis: Evidence From NHANES. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(24)00107-2. [PMID: 38688800 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM Tobacco smoke exposure, zinc intake, and periodontitis are closely related. This study intended to assess the relationship between tobacco smoke exposure and zinc intake and its effect on periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study included 9364 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of USA. A weighted multivariate logistic regression model was used to investigate the independent relationship and interaction effect among tobacco smoke exposure, zinc intake, and periodontitis. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated. The additive interaction was evaluated using relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion of interaction (AP), and synergy index (SI). RESULTS In all, 56.57% participants had periodontitis. Compared with participants without tobacco smoke exposure, those with tobacco smoke exposure had increased odds of having periodontitis (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.67-2.31). Similarly, patients with adequate zinc intake were found to have decreased odds of having periodontitis than those with inadequate zinc intake (OR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.76-0.98). Importantly, there was antagonistic interaction effect between zinc intake and tobacco smoke exposure on periodontitis (RERI: OR, -0.432; 95% CI, -0.829 to -0.034; AP: OR, -0.242; 95% CI, -0.470 to -0.014; SI: OR, 0.645; 95% CI, 0.446 to 0.932). CONCLUSIONS Tobacco smoke exposure and zinc intake were independently correlated with periodontitis risk. Decreasing tobacco smoke exposure and optimizing dietary zinc intake appear to be important measures that could be taken to control periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Lufan Yang
- School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China.
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Lu S, Gao G. Association Between `Life's Essential 8` and Periodontitis: A Cross-Sectional Study From the NHANES Database. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(24)00097-2. [PMID: 38622031 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease, and the persistent inflammatory state it confers may lead to cardiovascular disease. Studies have shown that `Life's Essential 8 (LE8)`, an indicator of cardiovascular health, was associated with the risk of several inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to assess the association between LE8 and its subsets and the risk of periodontitis. METHODS Data of participants who consented to periodontitis examinations were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) database (2009-2014). LE8 contains 4 health behaviours (diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep health) and 4 health factors (body mass index, blood lipids, blood glucose, and blood pressure) and was categorised into low (0-49), moderate (50-79), and high (80-100) levels. Covariates included demographic information, laboratory values, disease history, and medication history. Weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were performed to assess the association between LE8 and periodontitis, with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses based on age, gender, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) history were further assessed the association. RESULTS A total of 5106 adults were included, of whom 2606 (51.04%) had periodontitis. After adjustment for age, gender, race, poverty-to-income ratio, education level, marital status, drinking, CVD, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, waist circumference (WC), vitamin D, and dental floss using, a high LE8 score (odds ratio [OR], 0.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.32-0.73), a higher health behaviours score (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.42-0.73), and a higher health factors score (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.51-0.99) were associated with a lower occurrence of periodontitis, especially in adults who were male, younger than 60 years, and without a history of CVD. Moreover, the occurrence of periodontitis decreased when scores of total LE8, health factors, and health behaviours increased every 10 scores. CONCLUSIONS LE8 score and its subscale scores were associated with lower odds of periodontitis. Promoting improved cardiovascular health may be beneficial to reduce the burden of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouyi Lu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang Shandong, China
| | - Guoning Gao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang Shandong, China.
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Hou K, Zhang H, Song W, Li S, Liu J, Ma Z. Association between life's essential 8 and periodontitis: a study based on NHANES 2009-2014. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1342792. [PMID: 38681053 PMCID: PMC11045882 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1342792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This research aims to investigate the relationship between Life's Essentials 8 (LE8), the American Heart Association's latest indicator, and periodontitis. The purpose is to provide guidance on preventative measures. Methods Data for our investigation were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2014, with a total of 8,784 participants eligible. LE8 scores were compiled from 8 index scores (the score for each component of diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep duration, body mass index, blood lipids, blood glucose, and blood pressure). Periodontitis was classified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and American Academy of Periodontology (CDC/AAP). The study utilized multivariable logistic analyses to investigate the potential correlation. Results After controlling for all covariates, LE8 was discovered to have a significant negative correlation with periodontitis prevalence [0.91 (0.88, 0.94)]. This trend continued to hold statistical significance even after converting LE8 into a categorical variable. Furthermore, a noteworthy adverse correlation was discovered across both genders, specifically males [0.35 (0.22, 0.55)] and females [0.39 (0.25, 0.60)], as well as for the majority of categorical classifications, namely ethnicity, age, education level, and marital status. However, only the age subgroups displayed some degree of significant difference from each other. Conclusion Life's essential 8 was negatively associated with periodontitis, but more prospective trails are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- KeGui Hou
- Beijing Shunyi District Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongli Zhang
- Beijing Shunyi District Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenpeng Song
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shi Li
- Department of Stomatology, Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - JiaRui Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaofeng Ma
- Beijing Shunyi District Hospital, Beijing, China
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Dagli N, Haque M, Kumar S. A Bibliometric Analysis of Literature on the Impact of Diet on Oral Health. Cureus 2024; 16:e59418. [PMID: 38694642 PMCID: PMC11061539 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The complex connection between oral health and dietary habits is fundamental to holistic well-being. Oral health is closely linked to dietary choices, both as a reflection and a factor in overall health. This bibliometric analysis investigates clinical trials published in the PubMed database spanning six decades to understand the landscape of research on the impact of diet on oral health. The analysis reveals a fluctuating yet generally increasing trend over the decades, with significant growth periods interspersed with occasional declines, culminating in a recent slight decrease in research output. With strong collaborative networks, Devizio and Proskin emerge as primary contributors. The University of Sydney has published the maximum number of clinical trials. Thematic clusters highlight diverse research facets, including physiological measurements, socio-economic influences, and biochemical aspects. The evolution in research priorities from experimental studies to longitudinal evaluations underscores the interdisciplinary nature of the field. The analysis of country-wise research output revealed that the United States, Germany, and Australia lead in scientific research output, with notable contributions to the global landscape. While larger countries like China and India are represented, their frequencies are relatively lower, suggesting potential areas for further exploration. Collaboration patterns vary between countries, influencing the global impact of their scientific output. Despite the limitations inherent in database selection, this study integrates bibliometric and thematic analyses to offer comprehensive insights into research trends and priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Dagli
- Department of Research, School of Dentistry, Karnavati Scientific Research Center, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Mainul Haque
- Department of Research, School of Dentistry, Karnavati Scientific Research Center, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MYS
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
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Liu Y, Yin T, He M, Fang C, Peng S. The relationship of dietary flavonoids and periodontitis in US population: a cross-sectional NHANES analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:168. [PMID: 38396151 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05561-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the association between dietary flavonoids intake and periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2010 on 3025 participants aged between 30 and 80 years who had full-mouth periodontal examination and dietary flavonoids intake data. This study used periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) as periodontitis markers. Data were analyzed using multivariate linear regression. RESULTS After adjusting confounders, the middle tertile of total dietary flavonoids was associated with decreased mean PPD (0.06 mm, P = 0.016) and mean CAL (0.13 mm, P = 0.001) and the top tertile of total dietary flavonoids was significantly associated with decreases in mean PPD (0.05 mm, P = 0.029) and mean CAL (0.11 mm, P = 0.010). Both the middle and top tertiles of total flavonoids intake were significantly related with decreased mean CAL in females, those flossing 0 days/week, overweight and non-diabetic population but not in males, smokers, those flossing 1-6 days/week and diabetic population. Higher anthocyanidins, flavones and flavonols intake was significantly associated with decreased mean PPD and mean CAL while higher flavanones intake was only significantly associated with decreased mean CAL. Higher anthocyanidins intake was particularly related with greatest decreases in mean CAL (top tertile: 0.22 mm, middle tertile: 0.17 mm, both P < 0.010). However, no significant associations were found between isoflavones and flavan_3_ols intake and mean CAL. CONCLUSIONS Higher dietary flavonoids intake may be beneficial for periodontal health. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Additional anthocyanidins, flavanones, flavones and flavonols intake was associated with improved periodontal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yundong Liu
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.
| | - Tao Yin
- Changsha Health Vocational College, Changsha, Hunan, 410605, P.R. China
| | - Mi He
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Changyun Fang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Shifang Peng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.
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Petrenya N, Brustad M, Hopstok LA, Holde GE, Jönsson B. Empirically derived dietary patterns in relation to periodontitis and number of teeth among Norwegian adults. Public Health Nutr 2024; 27:e27. [PMID: 38223974 PMCID: PMC10830357 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023002690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore dietary patterns in relation to periodontitis and number of teeth. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING We used data from the seventh survey of the Tromsø Study in Norway, 2015-2016. Three periodontitis groups were compared: (i) no periodontitis/slow bone loss; (ii) moderate bone loss; and (iii) rapid bone loss. Number of teeth was categorised as 25-28, 20-24 and ≤ 19. Dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis. Multiple logistic regression was applied to examine associations between tertiles of dietary pattern scores and periodontitis, and between these same tertiles and number of teeth. PARTICIPANTS 1487 participants (55·5 % women) aged 40-79 years who were free of major chronic diseases, attended an oral health examination and completed a FFQ. RESULTS Four dietary patterns were identified, which explained 24 % of the total variability in food intake: fruit and vegetables, Westernised, meat/fish and potatoes, and refined grain and dessert. The fruit and vegetables pattern was inversely associated with periodontitis characterised by rapid bone loss when compared with no periodontitis/slow bone loss (OR tertile 3 v. 1 0·49, 95 % CI: 0·25, 0·98). Participants who were in the highest tertile of the refined grain and dessert pattern (tertile 3 v. 1) had 2·38- and 3·52-fold increased odds of having ≤ 19 than 20-24 and 25-28 teeth, respectively. CONCLUSION Out of four identified dietary patterns, only the fruit and vegetables pattern was negatively associated with advanced periodontitis. A more apparent positive association was observed between the refined grain and dessert pattern and having fewer teeth (≤ nineteen teeth).
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Petrenya
- The Public Dental Health Service Competence Centre of Northern Norway, P.O Box 2406, N-9271, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Magritt Brustad
- The Public Dental Health Service Competence Centre of Northern Norway, P.O Box 2406, N-9271, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Laila A Hopstok
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Gro Eirin Holde
- The Public Dental Health Service Competence Centre of Northern Norway, P.O Box 2406, N-9271, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Birgitta Jönsson
- The Public Dental Health Service Competence Centre of Northern Norway, P.O Box 2406, N-9271, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Li X, Wang L, Yang L, Liu X, Liu H, Mu Y. The association between plain water intake and periodontitis in the population aged over 45: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES 2009-2014. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:27. [PMID: 38183113 PMCID: PMC10770954 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03809-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have demonstrated the impact of beverage consumption on overall health and oral health. Specifically, high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and coffee has been associated with an increased risk of metabolic disorders and periodontitis. Conversely, high intake of plain water has been linked to various health benefits, including weight management and reduced energy intake. However, no previous studies have explored the potential association between plain water intake and the risk of periodontitis. OBJECTIVES Our objective was to investigate the relationship between plain water consumption and periodontitis in a middle-aged and elderly population. METHODS The present cross-sectional study was conducted among participants aged ≥ 45 in the 2009-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Multivariable regression analysis, subgroup analysis and smooth fitting tests were conducted to explore the independent relationship between plain water intake and periodontitis. RESULTS A total of 5,882 participants were enrolled,62.02% have periodontitis. Periodontitis patients have lower plain water intake. The multivariable regression tests showed that the risk of periodontitis decreased with increased plain water intake quartiles (Q4 OR = 0.78; 95%CI 0.62-0.96) after fully adjustment. Subgroup analysis and interaction tests showed that gender, age, smoking, diabetes, hypertension or BMI does not significantly interact with the association. However, the relation was significant in males (Q4 OR = 0.64; 95%CI 0.47-0.86) but not in females (Q4 OR = 0.97;95% CI 0.71-1.31). In the smoothed curve fits stratified by gender, the curve for male participants displayed as a U-shape, with an optimal plain water intake at 1200 ml/day. For males drinking plain water less than 1200 ml/day, the risk of periodontitis decreased by 24% with each increase of 500 ml plain water intake (OR = 0.76, 95%CI 0.66-0.87, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Together, the results showed that plain water intake is negatively associated with periodontitis risk in US middle aged and elderly population. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanism unites this association. Attention should be given to adequate plain water intake when considering dietary suggestions to the population at high risk of developing periodontitis, especially for men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxian Li
- Stomatology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Stomatology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Luming Yang
- Stomatology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Xianghong Liu
- Stomatology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Henglang Liu
- Stomatology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Yandong Mu
- Stomatology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
- School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646699, China.
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Chen X, Sun J, Zeng C, Jin F, Ma S, Song J, Chen Z. Association between life's essential 8 and periodontitis: a population-based study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:19. [PMID: 38178120 PMCID: PMC10768279 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03816-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American Heart Association has developed a novel cardiovascular health indicator called Life's Essential 8 (LE8). However, no one has reported using LE8 to assess periodontitis. This study aimed to investigate the association between LE8 and periodontitis in American adults. METHODS Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2009 to 2014 were used for this investigation. LE8 was the independent variable, and it is divided into three grades: high, moderate, and low. Periodontitis was the dependent variable, and the classification of periodontitis was based on the criteria of Eke in 2012. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to explore the relationship between LE8 and periodontitis. RESULTS A total of 9,039 participants with an average age of 52.16 ± 14.21 years were enrolled in this study, of whom 48.29% were male and 51.71% were female. The mean and standard deviation of LE8 was 66.29 ± 14.57, and the prevalence of periodontitis was 50.48% overall. The LE8 score and periodontitis in the fully adjusted logistic regression model showed a negative correlation (OR = 0.98; 95% CI, 0.98-0.99, p < 0.001). This result persisted when Life's Essential 8 was categorized into low, moderate, and high groups. Compared with those in the lowest group, those in the highest LE8 group had a 47% decreased risk of periodontitis (OR = 0.53; 95% CI, 0.46-0.66, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This cross-sectional investigation revealed a negative relationship between the LE8 score and the likelihood of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- XingJin Chen
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Endodontics, Guiyang Stomatological Hospital, 253 Jiefang Road, Nanming District, Guiyang, 550005, China
| | - JiangLing Sun
- Department of Endodontics, Guiyang Stomatological Hospital, 253 Jiefang Road, Nanming District, Guiyang, 550005, China
| | - ChongWen Zeng
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Endodontics, Guiyang Stomatological Hospital, 253 Jiefang Road, Nanming District, Guiyang, 550005, China
| | - FuQian Jin
- Department of Endodontics, Guiyang Stomatological Hospital, 253 Jiefang Road, Nanming District, Guiyang, 550005, China
| | - Shu Ma
- Department of Endodontics, Guiyang Stomatological Hospital, 253 Jiefang Road, Nanming District, Guiyang, 550005, China
| | - Jukun Song
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 9, Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang, 550002, China.
| | - Zhu Chen
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
- Department of Endodontics, Guiyang Stomatological Hospital, 253 Jiefang Road, Nanming District, Guiyang, 550005, China.
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Basu A, Richardson LA, Carlos A, Abubakr NH, Weltman RL, Ebersole JL. The Associations of Cardiometabolic and Dietary Variables with Clinical Periodontitis in Adults with and without Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2023; 16:81. [PMID: 38201914 PMCID: PMC10780717 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a commonly occurring inflammatory oral disease affecting a large proportion of global and US adults and is characterized by the destruction of the tooth-supporting apparatus. Its etiology is multifactorial, and type 2 diabetes and diet play critical roles in its remission and progression. However, few studies have addressed nutritional and serum vitamin D status in adults with periodontitis in the presence of diabetes. A cross-sectional study (n = 78), and a sub-set of age- and BMI-matched case-control studies (n = 50), were conducted to examine differences in dietary and cardiometabolic variables, and serum vitamin D in adults with periodontitis with or without diabetes. Participants provided fasting blood samples and 24-h diet recalls on at least two different days. Data on health history, body weight, height, nutritional habits, and clinical features of periodontitis were also collected. The Mann-Whitney U Test (with exact p-value estimation by Monte Carlo simulation) was used to examine differences by diabetes status in continuous and ordinal variables. Results revealed significantly lower serum vitamin D, and dietary intake of fruits, vegetables, dairy, vitamins A and C in adults with periodontitis with vs. without diabetes in the sub-study (all p < 0.05). In the overall sample, adults with diabetes presented with higher caries risk measures and lower numbers of teeth than those without diabetes; plaque and bleeding scores did not differ by diabetes status. Finally, a significant associations of food habits was observed, especially consuming protein-rich foods twice a day with a lower bleeding score, and daily consumption of fried or fast foods with a fewer number of teeth present (all p < 0.05). The present findings show significant dietary and serum vitamin D inadequacies among adults with periodontitis, and diabetes further aggravates the observed malnourishment and oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Basu
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
| | - Leigh Ann Richardson
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
| | - Alicia Carlos
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (A.C.); (N.H.A.); (J.L.E.)
| | - Neamat Hassan Abubakr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (A.C.); (N.H.A.); (J.L.E.)
| | - Robin L. Weltman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
| | - Jeffrey L. Ebersole
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (A.C.); (N.H.A.); (J.L.E.)
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Ghaemmaghami RS, Bayani M, Nakhostin A, Vahid F. A pro-inflammatory diet is associated with an increased odds of periodontitis: finding from a case-control study. BMC Nutr 2023; 9:109. [PMID: 37759326 PMCID: PMC10537435 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-023-00760-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the inflammatory effect of diet using the dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) on the odds of periodontitis. We hypothesized that a diet with high DII scores (a pro-inflammatory diet) is associated with high chronic and systematic inflammation resulting in periodontitis. Periodontitis is one of the most common inflammatory diseases that affect the tissues around the tooth and results from the interaction of bacterial infection and the host immune response. The DII shows the association between different food components and the level of specific inflammatory biomarkers. METHOD The food intake of 87 cases with diagnosed periodontitis and 87 control was assessed using a 163-item valid food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The DII was calculated based on the FFQ data. Logistic and linear regression models adjusting for multivariable confounders were used to investigate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of developing periodontitis. RESULTS There was a significant difference between the mean intake of micronutrients and food groups, including saturated fatty acids (SFAs), iron, magnesium, manganese, vitamin C, crude fiber, selenium, chromium, whole fiber, caffeine, dairy, and meat, between patients with periodontitis and the control group (p-value˂0.05). DII scores in this study ranged from -3.13 to + 0.99. However, the periodontitis OR in the raw and multivariable-adjusted models was not statistically significant (multivariable-adjusted OR tertiles 1 vs. tertiles 3 = 2.00, 95%CI: 0.4-90.42, p-value = 0.08). A similar result was also observed in the continuous model of DII (multivariable-adjusted OR DII continuous = 1.93, 95%CI: 0.30-98.79, p-value = 0.05). CONCLUSION Although the OR was not statistically significant in crude models, a significant trend was found in multivariable-adjusted models. The results were promising since this is the first study to examine the association between diet-induced inflammation and dental disease. It is advisable to conduct additional studies with high sample sizes and other designs, such as prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mojtaba Bayani
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Medical Sciences, ArakArak, Iran
| | - Afrooz Nakhostin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Farhad Vahid
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg.
- School of Health, Nutrition, and Health Research Group, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
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Staufenbiel I, Adam K, Hahn A, Kerlikowsky F, Flohr M, Schlueter N, Vach K. Influence of Nutrition and Physical Activity on Local and Systemic Inflammatory Signs in Experimentally Induced Gingivitis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3344. [PMID: 37571281 PMCID: PMC10420680 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Although numerous studies have been published investigating the relationship between various dietary components and inflammatory periodontal disease, it has not yet been possible to clearly distinguish between periodontally healthy and unhealthy diets. This clinical study aimed to assess the association of specific food ingredients and physical activity on local and systemic inflammatory signs in experimentally induced gingivitis. Thirty-nine non-smoking periodontally healthy volunteers (mean age 23.2 ± 3.8 years) refrained from oral hygiene in the right maxilla for 21 days to induce an experimental gingivitis. Clinical examination (baseline and day 21) included plaque index, bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival crevicular fluid volume and high sensitive C-reactive protein levels (blood sample). Accompanying the intervention, volunteers documented with validated questionnaires their physical activity converted into metabolic equivalent (MET) and their nutrition converted into the dietary inflammatory index (DII). Significantly lower BOP (p = 0.039) was found for subjects with a more anti-inflammatory DII than for those with a more pro-inflammatory DII; higher MET values were correlated with lower BOP at day 21 (correlation coefficient -0.36). The results show an influence of nutrition and physical activity on periodontal inflammation signs. The DII may be a suitable parameter to verify the relationship between nutrition and inflammatory periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingmar Staufenbiel
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (K.A.); (M.F.); (N.S.); (K.V.)
| | - Knut Adam
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (K.A.); (M.F.); (N.S.); (K.V.)
| | - Andreas Hahn
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30167 Hannover, Germany; (A.H.); (F.K.)
| | - Felix Kerlikowsky
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30167 Hannover, Germany; (A.H.); (F.K.)
| | - Marco Flohr
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (K.A.); (M.F.); (N.S.); (K.V.)
| | - Nadine Schlueter
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (K.A.); (M.F.); (N.S.); (K.V.)
| | - Kirstin Vach
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (K.A.); (M.F.); (N.S.); (K.V.)
- Center for Dental Medicine, Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
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19
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Crowe M, O'Sullivan M, Winning L, Cassetti O, O'Connell B, O'Sullivan A, Gibney E, Doyle SL, Bennett A, Moynihan P. Implementation of a food science and nutrition module in a dental undergraduate curriculum. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2023; 27:402-408. [PMID: 35582770 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To outline the development and implementation of a food science and nutrition module for dental undergraduate students that provides basic knowledge and clinical skills for improving oral health outcomes and understanding their importance for overall health. MATERIALS AND METHODS Interdisciplinary discussions with professionals with expertise in food science and nutrition, including dentists, dietitians and nutritionists, were held to agree on core subject areas in line with the evidence base. The module was delivered online to 2nd-year dental students due to COVID-19 restrictions. Students completed an online evaluation on completing the module. Final examination consisted of one essay question. RESULTS Subject areas and learning outcomes were derived from current and previous approaches to curriculum development. A total of 14 prerecorded lectures, including healthy eating guidelines, dietary assessment, specific oral effects of diet and food constituents were delivered and tutorials provided. The evaluation survey had a 90% (n = 39/43) response rate. A majority indicated that the course was "interesting," "worth doing" (59%) and "provided a good evidence base to understand nutrition and oral health" (87%). Nearly all students (92%) agreed that the course was "sufficiently structured to allow understanding of the key topics" and that "a good understanding of nutrition is important for a dentist" (95%). CONCLUSION A food science and nutrition module developed by a multidisciplinary team enabled dental students to gain an understanding of the role of diet in oral and overall health. The module facilitated the development of skills that enable students to utilise dietary assessment techniques and promote dietary interventions beneficial to oral health. The approach taken may act as a template for other institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Crowe
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Michael O'Sullivan
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Lewis Winning
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Oscar Cassetti
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Brian O'Connell
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Aifric O'Sullivan
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, 2.05 Science Centre, South, UCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eileen Gibney
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, 2.05 Science Centre, South, UCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Suzanne L Doyle
- School of Biological and Health Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Annemarie Bennett
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James' Healthcare Campus, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Paula Moynihan
- Adelaide Dental School and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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20
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Portes J, Bullón B, Gallardo I, Fernandez-Riejos P, Quiles JL, Giampieri F, Bullón P. Prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes related to periodontitis and its risk factors in elderly individuals. J Dent 2023; 132:104480. [PMID: 36948381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes was estimated to increase with age and can reach 3.5%. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes in the elderly patients who attended a dental clinic and to find common risk factors. METHODS Male patients, older than 50 years, attended their first dental visit to the School of Dentistry for a period of two years, and it was proposed to evaluate undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. Periodontal, biochemical, microbiological examinations, nutritional profile, and physical activity were performed. RESULTS A total of 106 patients were examined, 6 (5.6%) had diabetes, and 37 (34.9%) had prediabetes without prior diagnosis. The severity of periodontitis was greater in patients with diabetes. Most of the patients were overweight and had increased systolic blood pressure. Patients with prediabetes and periodontitis had a low adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Tannerella forsythia was present in more patients with periodontitis, and the prevalence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is practically absent in groups with periodontitis, except for the group with diabetes. CONCLUSIONS In the population studied, the prevalence of patients without a diagnosis of diabetes and prediabetes was very high and underestimated. The increased severity of periodontitis in patients with diabetes and in conjunction with the high level of cortisol seen in patients with periodontitis, especially those with diabetes, emphasize the dysregulation of the immunoinflammatory system. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE It is essential to add all this data to our dental practice to cover patient health with a broader landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Portes
- Department of Periodontology, Dental School, University of Seville, C/Avicena, s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain; Dental School, Veiga de Almeida University, Rua Ibituruna, 108, 20271-020, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Bullón
- Department of Periodontology, Dental School, University of Seville, C/Avicena, s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Isabel Gallardo
- Department of Periodontology, Dental School, University of Seville, C/Avicena, s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | | | - Jose Luis Quiles
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Mataix', Center for Biomedical Research, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Armilla, Spain
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Resarch Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health. Univeridad Europea del Atlantico.39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Pedro Bullón
- Department of Periodontology, Dental School, University of Seville, C/Avicena, s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain.
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21
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Li A, Qiu B, Goettsch M, Chen Y, Ge S, Xu S, Tjakkes GHE. Association between the quality of plant-based diets and periodontitis in the U.S. general population. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:591-603. [PMID: 36734066 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the relationship between plant-based diet indices (PDIs) and periodontitis and serum IgG antibodies against periodontopathogens in the U.S. POPULATION MATERIALS AND METHODS We analysed cross-sectional data on 5651 participants ≥40 years of age from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Food frequency questionnaire data were used to calculate the overall PDI, healthy plant-based diet index (hPDI), and unhealthy plant-based diet index (uPDI). Periodontitis was defined using a half-reduced Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and American Academy of Periodontology case definition. Serum antibodies against 19 periodontopathogens were used to classify the population into two subgroups using hierarchical clustering. Survey-weighted multivariable logistic regressions were applied to assess the associations of PDI/hPDI/uPDI z-scores with periodontitis and hierarchical clusters after adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS A total of 2841 (50.3%) participants were defined as having moderate/severe periodontitis. The overall PDI z-score was not significantly associated with the clinical and bacterial markers of periodontitis. By considering the healthiness of plant foods, we observed an inverse association between hPDI z-score and periodontitis (odds ratio [OR] = 0.925, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.860-0.995). In contrast, higher uPDI z-score (adherence to unhealthful plant foods) might increase the risk of periodontitis (OR = 1.100; 95% CI: 1.043-1.161). Regarding antibodies against periodontopathogens, the participants in cluster 2 had higher periodontal antibodies than those in cluster 1. The hPDI z-score was positively associated with cluster 2 (OR = 1.192; 95% CI: 1.112-1.278). In contrast, an inverse association between uPDI z-score and cluster 2 was found (OR = 0.834; 95% CI: 0.775-0.896). CONCLUSIONS Plant-based diets were associated with periodontitis, depending on their quality. A healthy plant-based diet was inversely related to an increased risk of periodontitis but positively related to elevated antibody levels against periodontopathogens. For an unhealthy plant-based diet, the opposite trends were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Li
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bingjiang Qiu
- Department of Radiology and Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Data Science Center in Health (DASH) and 3D Lab, UMCG, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Goettsch
- Department of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yuntao Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.,Medical Statistics and Decision Making, Department of Epidemiology, UMCG, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Shaohua Ge
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Shulan Xu
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Geerten-Has E Tjakkes
- Department of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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22
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Periodontitis Is Associated with Consumption of Processed and Ultra-Processed Foods: Findings from a Population-Based Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183735. [PMID: 36145111 PMCID: PMC9503140 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between periodontitis and lifestyle factors has been widely investigated. However, an association between periodontitis and dietary patterns has not been explored. Therefore, this study investigated the association between periodontitis and food consumption among a Southern Brazil population. Data from the 1982 Pelotas Birth Cohort were used (n = 537). The exposure, periodontitis, was clinically measured and classified using the AAP/CDC system, then two latent variables were defined: ‘initial’ and ‘moderate/severe’ periodontitis. The consumption of in natura, processed, and ultra-processed foods (NOVA classification) was the outcome and measured in calories using the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Confounders were sex, maternal education, smoking status, xerostomia, and halitosis. Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling. ‘Initial’ periodontitis was associated with a higher consumption of in natura food (standardized coefficient (SC) 0.102; p-value = 0.040), versus processed (SC 0.078; p-value = 0.129) and ultra-processed (SC 0.043; p-value = 0.400) foods. ‘Moderate/severe’ periodontitis was associated with higher consumption of ultra-processed foods (SC 0.108; p-value = 0.024), versus processed (SC 0.093; p-value = 0.053) and in natura (SC 0.014; p-value = 0.762) foods. ‘Moderate/severe’ periodontitis appears to be associated with the consumption of processed and ultra-processed foods.
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23
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Li XY, Wen MZ, Liu H, Shen YC, Su LX, Yang XT. Dietary magnesium intake is protective in patients with periodontitis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:976518. [PMID: 36091240 PMCID: PMC9453259 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.976518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the oral cavity characterized by inflammation of the periodontal tissue and resorption of the alveolar bone, which has a high incidence and is the main cause of tooth loss in adults. In addition to its role in promoting osteogenesis, magnesium also has a role in regulating the inflammatory response, both systemically and locally. There is growing evidence that magnesium is an important factor in maintaining the normal functioning of the body's immune system. Hypomagnesaemia can lead to a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases throughout the body, including periodontitis. Two-thirds of the US population suffers from magnesium deficiency. The connection between dietary magnesium and periodontitis is unknown. As a result, we set out to investigate the link between dietary magnesium intake and periodontitis. Methods In this study, we collected data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 2013 to 2014. Through 24-h dietary recalls, information about food consumption was collected. We examined the association between the dietary magnesium and periodontitis using multivariable logistic regression model. Based on odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), a strong association was detected. Results Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the OR for periodontitis comparing the highest to the lowest quintile of dietary magnesium intake was 0.69 (95% CIs = 0.52~0.92). The restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis showed that the non-linear association between dietary magnesium and periodontitis was statistically significant and that dietary magnesium supplementation reduced the prevalence of periodontitis. Conclusion Dietary magnesium intake is associated with the prevalence of periodontitis. Dietary magnesium deficiency increases the prevalence of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-yu Li
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming-zhe Wen
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-chen Shen
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-xin Su
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Li-xin Su
| | - Xi-tao Yang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Xi-tao Yang
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24
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Li W, Shang Q, Yang D, Peng J, Zhao H, Xu H, Chen Q. Abnormal Micronutrient Intake Is Associated with the Risk of Periodontitis: A Dose-response Association Study Based on NHANES 2009-2014. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122466. [PMID: 35745196 PMCID: PMC9230945 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between micronutrient intake and the risk of periodontitis has received much attention in recent years. However, most studies focused on the linear relationship between them. This study aimed to explore the dose–response association between micronutrient intake and periodontitis. A total of 8959 participants who underwent a periodontal examination, and reported their micronutrient intake levels were derived from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2009–2014) database. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate associations between micronutrient intake and periodontitis after propensity score matching (PSM), and restricted cubic splines (RCS) analysis was conducted to explore the dose–response associations. Following PSM, 5530 participants were included in the RCS analysis. The risk of periodontitis was reduced with sufficient intake of the following micronutrients: vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, and vitamin E. In addition, the risk of periodontitis was increased with excessive intake of the following micronutrients: vitamin B1 (1.8 mg/day, males; 1.3 mg/day, females), vitamin C (90 mg/day, males), and copper (1.1 mg/day, combined). In conclusion, a linear association was found between vitamin A, vitamin B2, vitamin C, and copper and periodontitis—namely, a sufficient intake of vitamin A and vitamin B2 might help reduce the prevalence of periodontitis; by contrast, a high intake of vitamin C and copper increased the risk. In addition, a nonlinear dose–response association was found for the incidence of periodontitis with vitamin B1 and vitamin E. When within reasonable limits, supplemental intake helped reduce the prevalence of periodontitis, while excessive intake did not help significantly and might even increase the risk. However, confounding factors, such as health awareness, should still be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (W.L.); (Q.S.); (D.Y.); (J.P.); (Q.C.)
| | - Qianhui Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (W.L.); (Q.S.); (D.Y.); (J.P.); (Q.C.)
| | - Dan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (W.L.); (Q.S.); (D.Y.); (J.P.); (Q.C.)
| | - Jiakuan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (W.L.); (Q.S.); (D.Y.); (J.P.); (Q.C.)
| | - Hang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (W.L.); (Q.S.); (D.Y.); (J.P.); (Q.C.)
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (H.X.); Tel.: +86-28-85501484 (H.Z. & X.H.)
| | - Hao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (W.L.); (Q.S.); (D.Y.); (J.P.); (Q.C.)
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (H.X.); Tel.: +86-28-85501484 (H.Z. & X.H.)
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (W.L.); (Q.S.); (D.Y.); (J.P.); (Q.C.)
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25
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Santonocito S, Giudice A, Polizzi A, Troiano G, Merlo EM, Sclafani R, Grosso G, Isola G. A Cross-Talk between Diet and the Oral Microbiome: Balance of Nutrition on Inflammation and Immune System's Response during Periodontitis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122426. [PMID: 35745156 PMCID: PMC9227938 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last few decades, studies on the oral microbiome have increased awareness that the balance between the host and the microbial species that coexist in it is essential for oral health at all stages of life. However, this balance is extremely difficult to maintain, and many factors can disrupt it: general eating habits, sugar consumption, tobacco smoking, oral hygiene, and use of antibiotics and other antimicrobials. It is now known that alterations in the oral microbiota are responsible for developing and promoting many oral diseases, including periodontal disease. In this context, diet is an area for further investigation as it has been observed that the intake of particular foods, such as farmed animal meat, dairy products, refined vegetable oils, and processed cereals, affects the composition of the microbiota, leading to an increased representation of acid-producing and acid-tolerant organisms and periodontal pathogens. However, little is known about the influence of diet on the oral microbiome and the creation of a suitable microenvironment for the development of periodontal disease. The aim of the present study is to evaluate current knowledge on the role of diet in the oral dysbiosis underlying periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Santonocito
- Unit of Periodontology, Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (R.S.); (G.I.)
| | - Amerigo Giudice
- Unit of Dentistry, Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Polizzi
- Unit of Periodontology, Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (R.S.); (G.I.)
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (G.G.); Tel.: +39-095-378-2638 (A.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Troiano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Emanuele Maria Merlo
- Department of Human and Pediatric Pathology “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy;
| | - Rossana Sclafani
- Unit of Periodontology, Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (R.S.); (G.I.)
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (G.G.); Tel.: +39-095-378-2638 (A.P.)
| | - Gaetano Isola
- Unit of Periodontology, Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (R.S.); (G.I.)
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26
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Larvin H, Kang J, Aggarwal VR, Pavitt S, Wu J. Systemic Multimorbidity Clusters in People with Periodontitis. J Dent Res 2022; 101:1335-1342. [PMID: 35678074 PMCID: PMC9516606 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221098910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify systemic multimorbidity clusters in people with periodontitis via a novel artificial intelligence-based network analysis and to explore the effect of associated factors. This study utilized cross-sectional data of 3,736 participants across 3 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2009 to 2014). Periodontal examination was carried out by trained dentists for participants aged ≥30 y. The extent of periodontitis was represented by the proportion of sites with clinical attachment loss (CAL)≥ 3 mm, split into 4 equal quartiles. A range of systemic diseases reported during the survey were also extracted. Hypergraph network analysis with eigenvector centralities was applied to identify systemic multimorbidity clusters and single-disease influence in the overall population and when stratified by CAL quartile. Individual factors that could affect the systemic multimorbidity clusters were also explored by CAL quartile. In the study population, the top 3 prevalent diseases were hypertension (63.9%), arthritis (47.6%), and obesity (45.9%). A total of 106 unique systemic multimorbidity clusters were identified across the study population. Hypertension was the most centralized disease in the overall population (centrality [C]: 0.50), followed closely by arthritis (C: 0.45) and obesity (C: 0.42). Diabetes had higher centrality in the highest CAL quartile (C: 0.31) than the lowest (C: 0.26). "Hypertension, obesity" was the largest weighted multimorbidity cluster across CAL quartiles. This study has revealed a range of common systemic multimorbidity clusters in people with periodontitis. People with periodontitis are more likely to present with hypertension and obesity together, and diabetes is more influential to multimorbidity clusters in people with severe periodontitis. Factors such as ethnicity, deprivation, and smoking status may also influence the pattern of multimorbidity clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Larvin
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - J Kang
- Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - V R Aggarwal
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - S Pavitt
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - J Wu
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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27
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Costa SA, Nascimento GG, Colins PMG, Alves CMC, Thomaz EBAF, Carvalho Souza SDF, da Silva AAM, Ribeiro CCC. Investigating oral and systemic pathways between unhealthy and healthy dietary patterns to periodontitis in adolescents: A population-based study. J Clin Periodontol 2022; 49:580-590. [PMID: 35415936 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate pathways between unhealthy and healthy dietary patterns and periodontitis in adolescents (18-19 years of age). MATERIALS AND METHODS This population-based study (n = 2515) modelled direct and mediated pathways (via biofilm and obesity) from patterns of healthy diet (fruits, fibre, vegetables, and dairy) and unhealthy diet (sugars, snacks, and salty/fast foods) with initial periodontitis (bleeding on probing [BoP], probing depth [PD] ≥ 4 mm, clinical attachment loss [CAL] ≥ 4 mm), moderate periodontitis (BoP, PD ≥ 5 mm, and CAL ≥ 5 mm), and European Federation of Periodontology and the American Academy of Periodontology (EFP-AAP) periodontitis definitions, adjusting for sex, socio-economic status, smoking, and alcohol, through structural equation modelling (α = 5%). RESULTS Higher values of healthy diet were associated with lower values of initial periodontitis (standardized coefficient [SC] = -0.160; p < .001), moderate periodontitis (SC = -0.202; p < .001), and EFP-AAP periodontitis (p < .05). A higher value of unhealthy diet was associated with higher values of initial periodontitis (SC = 0.134; p = .005) and moderate periodontitis (SC = 0.180; p < .001). Biofilm mediated the association between higher values of unhealthy diet and all periodontal outcomes (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that both healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns may contribute to reduced or increased extent and severity of periodontitis by local and systemic mechanisms, preceding the effect of other established causes such as smoking and obesity, in younger population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gustavo G Nascimento
- Section for Periodontology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Seoane T, Bullon B, Fernandez-Riejos P, Garcia-Rubira JC, Garcia-Gonzalez N, Villar-Calle P, Quiles JL, Battino M, Bullon P. Periodontitis and Other Risk Factors Related to Myocardial Infarction and Its Follow-Up. J Clin Med 2022; 11:2618. [PMID: 35566746 PMCID: PMC9101354 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The main issue in the prevention of myocardial infarction (MI) is to reduce risk factors. Periodontal disease is related to cardiovascular disease and both share risk factors. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether periodontitis can be considered a risk factor for MI and common risk factors in a case-control study and in a prospective follow-up study in patients with MI. The test group (MIG) was made up of 144 males who had MI in the previous 48 h. The control group (CG) was composed of 138 males without MI. Both groups were subdivided according to the presence or absence of stage III and IV of periodontitis. General data; Mediterranean diet and physical activity screening; periodontal data; and biochemical, microbiological and cardiological parameters were recorded. ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests and binary logistic regression analysis were applied. No differences in anthropometric variables were observed between the four groups. The average weekly exercise hours have a higher value in CG without periodontitis. The number of leukocytes was higher in MIG, the number of monocytes was higher in CG and the number of teeth was lower in MIG with periodontitis. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was higher in CG. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia were higher in CG with periodontitis and in MIG with and without periodontitis. At follow-up, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) data were better in the non-periodontitis group: 15 patients had Mayor Cardiovascular Adverse Events (MACE), 13 of them had periodontitis and 2 did not show periodontitis. Periodontitis, exercise, diet and smoking are risk factors related to MI. MACE presented in the 'MI follow-up' shows periodontitis, weight, exercise hours and dyslipidemia as risk factors. LVEF follow-up values are preserved in patients without periodontitis. Our data suggest that periodontitis can be considered a risk factor for MI and MACE in the studied population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Seoane
- Department of Cardiology, Lucus Augusi University Hospital, 27003 Lugo, Spain;
| | - Beatriz Bullon
- Department of Stomatology, Dental School, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Sevilla, Spain;
| | | | | | - Nestor Garcia-Gonzalez
- Department of Cardiology, Virgen Macarena Hospital, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; (J.C.G.-R.); (N.G.-G.)
| | - Pablo Villar-Calle
- Division of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Jose Luis Quiles
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology ‘José Mataix’, Center for Biomedical Research, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Armilla, Spain;
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Pedro Bullon
- Department of Stomatology, Dental School, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Sevilla, Spain;
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Watson S, Woodside JV, Winning L, Wright DM, Srinivasan M, McKenna G. Associations between self-reported periodontal disease and nutrient intakes and nutrient-based dietary patterns in the UK Biobank. J Clin Periodontol 2022; 49:428-438. [PMID: 35170067 PMCID: PMC9315140 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine the cross-sectional associations between single nutrient intakes and posteriori nutrient-based dietary patterns and periodontal disease risk in a subset of the UK Biobank cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dietary data were collected by 24-h dietary recall on up to five separate occasions over 16 months. A touchscreen questionnaire was used to collect oral health information. Participants were considered at high risk of periodontal disease if they reported having painful gums and/or bleeding gums and/or loose teeth. Principal component analysis identified four nutrient-based dietary patterns from 20 nutrients. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio of periodontal disease risk for single nutrients and nutrient-based dietary patterns. RESULTS A total of 9476 participants (mean age 56.2 years [SD 8.0]) were included in the analysis. Higher intakes of vitamin B6, B12, C, and E, folate, iron, potassium, magnesium, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and total sugar were associated with a lower risk of periodontal disease. Higher intake of saturated fat was associated with an increased risk. A dietary pattern characterized by high micronutrients and fibre intake was associated with low risk of periodontal disease. CONCLUSION Within this sample of middle-aged and older adults, a "high micronutrient and fibre" dietary pattern was associated with reduced risk of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinead Watson
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical SciencesQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
| | - Jayne V. Woodside
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical SciencesQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological SciencesQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
| | - Lewis Winning
- Dublin Dental University HospitalTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - David M. Wright
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical SciencesQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
| | - Murali Srinivasan
- Clinic of General, Special Care and Geriatric DentistryCentre of Dental Medicine, University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Gerald McKenna
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical SciencesQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
- Centre for Dentistry, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical SciencesQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
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Yang Y, Wang S, Cong H. Association between parity and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:87. [PMID: 35321721 PMCID: PMC8944100 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-01662-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnancy has been considered a risk factor for the development of osteoporosis. Despite much research in this field, the relationship between parity and bone mineral density (BMD) is still controversial. Therefore, we conducted this study to investigate whether there was an association between parity and BMD of the femoral neck and lumbar spine in postmenopausal women. METHODS Cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Three linear regression models, Model 1 (unadjusted), Model 2 (adjusted for age and body mass index (BMI)), and Model 3 (adjusted for all covariates), were established to evaluate the relationship between parity and BMD. In addition, the p value trend of BMD in the different parity groups was mutually verified with the results of multiple regression. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between parity and osteoporosis. RESULTS In total, 924 postmenopausal women aged 45-65 years were eligible for this study. After adjustment for potential confounders, women with ≥ 6 parities had significantly lower lumbar spine BMD than women with 1-2 parities (β = - 0.072, 95% CI: - 0.125, - 0.018, P = 0.009). However, there was no correlation between parity and femoral neck BMD in any of the three regression models. Furthermore, ≥ 6 parities were associated with a significantly higher prevalence of lumbar spine osteoporosis compared with 1-2 parities (OR = 3.876, 95% CI: 1.637, 9.175, P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS After adjustment for BMD-related risk factors, ≥ 6 parities were associated with decreased lumbar spine BMD but not femoral neck BMD in postmenopausal women. This suggests that postmenopausal women with high parity are at increased risk of lumbar osteoporotic fractures and should pay more attention to their bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Hui Cong
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China. .,Departments of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
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31
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Wang Y, Fang Y. Tree nut consumption is associated with a lower risk of hyperestrogenism in men. Nutr Res 2021; 98:1-8. [PMID: 35042067 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hyperestrogenism may affect 2% to 8% of men globally. Previous studies indicate that tree nut consumption is associated with sex hormones in women. Whether this is the case in men remains unknown. This study hypothesized that consumption of tree nuts was inversely associated with circulating estradiol and prevalence of hyperestrogenism in men. This cross-sectional study included 3340 men aged ≥20 years from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2013 to 2016. Associations of tree nut consumption with circulating estradiol and prevalence of hyperestrogenism were assessed using weighted linear regression and binary logistic regression, respectively. Among the 3340 men, 207 consumed tree nuts. The mean usual intake of tree nuts among tree nut consumers was 34.2 g/d. Amounts of usual intake of tree nuts were inversely associated with bioavailable estradiol (β = -0.032, P = .037) after adjustment for all confounders. Usual intake of tree nuts of ≥ 30 g/d (vs <30 g/d) or ≥42.52 g/d (vs <42.52 g/d) was associated with a 24% or 7% lower multivariate-adjusted risk of hyperestrogenism, respectively. Further analyses showed that usual intake of tree nuts was positively associated with circulating folate, and the latter was inversely associated with circulating estradiol. In conclusion, higher tree nut consumption was independently associated with lower circulating levels of bioavailable estradiol and a lower risk of hyperestrogenism in men. Further research is needed to verify the effectiveness of using tree nuts to treat hyperestrogenism in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutang Wang
- School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University Australia, Mt Helen, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Yan Fang
- School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University Australia, Mt Helen, Victoria, Australia
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32
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Altun E, Walther C, Borof K, Petersen E, Lieske B, Kasapoudis D, Jalilvand N, Beikler T, Jagemann B, Zyriax BC, Aarabi G. Association between Dietary Pattern and Periodontitis-A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114167. [PMID: 34836422 PMCID: PMC8621734 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between specific known dietary patterns and the prevalence of periodontal disease in a northern population-based cohort study. We evaluated data from 6209 participants of the Hamburg City Health Study (HCHS). The HCHS is a prospective cohort study and is registered at ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT03934957). Dietary intake was assessed with the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ2). Periodontal examination included probing depth, gingival recession, plaque index, and bleeding on probing. Descriptive analyses were stratified by periodontitis severity. Ordinal logistic regression models were used to determine the association. Ordinal regression analyses revealed a significant association between higher adherence to the DASH diet/Mediterranean diet and lower odds to be affected by periodontal diseases in an unadjusted model (OR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.87, 0.97; p < 0.001/OR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.91, 0.96; p < 0.001) and an adjusted model (age, sex, diabetes) (OR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.89, 1.00; p < 0.0365/OR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.00; p < 0.0359). The current cross-sectional study identified a significant association between higher adherence to the DASH and Mediterranean diets and lower odds to be affected by periodontal diseases (irrespective of disease severity). Future randomized controlled trials are needed to evaluate to which extent macro- and micronutrition can affect periodontitis initiation/progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ersin Altun
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (E.A.); (K.B.); (B.L.); (D.K.); (N.J.); (T.B.); (G.A.)
| | - Carolin Walther
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (E.A.); (K.B.); (B.L.); (D.K.); (N.J.); (T.B.); (G.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-40-7410-52284
| | - Katrin Borof
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (E.A.); (K.B.); (B.L.); (D.K.); (N.J.); (T.B.); (G.A.)
| | - Elina Petersen
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
- Population Health Research Department, University Heart and Vascular Center, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Berit Lieske
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (E.A.); (K.B.); (B.L.); (D.K.); (N.J.); (T.B.); (G.A.)
| | - Dimitros Kasapoudis
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (E.A.); (K.B.); (B.L.); (D.K.); (N.J.); (T.B.); (G.A.)
| | - Navid Jalilvand
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (E.A.); (K.B.); (B.L.); (D.K.); (N.J.); (T.B.); (G.A.)
| | - Thomas Beikler
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (E.A.); (K.B.); (B.L.); (D.K.); (N.J.); (T.B.); (G.A.)
| | - Bettina Jagemann
- Midwifery Science—Health Services Research and Prevention, Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (B.J.); (B.-C.Z.)
| | - Birgit-Christiane Zyriax
- Midwifery Science—Health Services Research and Prevention, Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (B.J.); (B.-C.Z.)
| | - Ghazal Aarabi
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (E.A.); (K.B.); (B.L.); (D.K.); (N.J.); (T.B.); (G.A.)
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Martínez-García M, Hernández-Lemus E. Periodontal Inflammation and Systemic Diseases: An Overview. Front Physiol 2021; 12:709438. [PMID: 34776994 PMCID: PMC8578868 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.709438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common inflammatory disease of infectious origins that often evolves into a chronic condition. Aside from its importance as a stomatologic ailment, chronic periodontitis has gained relevance since it has been shown that it can develop into a systemic condition characterized by unresolved hyper-inflammation, disruption of the innate and adaptive immune system, dysbiosis of the oral, gut and other location's microbiota and other system-wide alterations that may cause, coexist or aggravate other health issues associated to elevated morbi-mortality. The relationships between the infectious, immune, inflammatory, and systemic features of periodontitis and its many related diseases are far from being fully understood and are indeed still debated. However, to date, a large body of evidence on the different biological, clinical, and policy-enabling sources of information, is available. The aim of the present work is to summarize many of these sources of information and contextualize them under a systemic inflammation framework that may set the basis to an integral vision, useful for basic, clinical, and therapeutic goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireya Martínez-García
- Sociomedical Research Unit, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Enrique Hernández-Lemus
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico.,Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mèxico, Mexico City, Mexico
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34
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Wang Y. Tree nut consumption is associated with higher sex hormone-binding globulin levels in premenopausal US women. Nutr Res 2021; 93:61-68. [PMID: 34365198 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Low levels of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) are associated with many diseases including hypertension, diabetes, and polycystic ovarian syndrome. Walnuts increased circulating SHBG in 31 women complicated with polycystic ovarian syndrome. However, whether tree nuts increase SHBG in women in a general population is unknown. It was hypothesized in this study that consumption of tree nuts was positively associated with SHBG levels in women in a general population. This cohort study included 2699 adult women from the 2013- to 2016 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Tree nut consumers were defined as those who consumed tree nuts on either of the 2 24-hours recall days. Associations of tree nut consumption with SHBG were assessed using least squares regression. Among the 2699 women, 234 were consuming tree nuts. The median SHBG concentrations were 67.1 and 59.3 nmol/L among tree nut consumers and non-consumers, respectively. Tree nut consumption was positively associated with circulating SHBG (β = 0.041, P = .018) but not testosterone nor estradiol after adjustment for all tested confounders. Sub-analyses showed that the positive association of tree nuts with SHBG presented in premenopausal women but not in postmenopausal women. Tree nut consumption remained independently associated with higher circulating levels of SHBG in premenopausal women when tree nut consumption was expressed as percentage of energy derived from tree nuts or when tree nut consumption was defined as a tree nut intake of ≥0.25 ounce per day. Future research will verify the effectiveness of using tree nuts to treat low SHBG in premenopausal women in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutang Wang
- School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Australia.
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35
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Zhang YW, Lu PP, Li YJ, Dai GC, Cao MM, Xie T, Zhang C, Shi L, Rui YF. Low dietary choline intake is associated with the risk of osteoporosis in elderly individuals: a population-based study. Food Funct 2021; 12:6442-6451. [PMID: 34076003 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00825k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Currently, little is known regarding the association between dietary choline intake and osteoporosis in elderly individuals, as well as if such intakes affect bone health and result in fractures. This study was aimed to examine associations between daily dietary choline intake and osteoporosis in elderly individuals. A total of 31 034 participants from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) during 2005-2010 were enrolled, and 3179 participants with complete data and aged 65 years and older were identified. Baseline characteristics and dietary intake data were obtained through method of in-home administered questionnaires. Of 3179 individuals with a mean age of 73.7 ± 5.6 years, female (P < 0.001) and non-hispanic white (P < 0.001) occupied a higher proportion in the osteoporosis group. The logistic regression analysis indicated that the prevalence of osteoporosis in three tertile categories with gradually enhanced dietary choline intake was decreased progressively (P for trend <0.001). The restricted cubic spline (RCS) showed that the risk of osteoporosis generally decreased with increasing daily dietary choline intake (P < 0.001), while this trend was not apparent in relation between the daily dietary choline intake and risk of hip fracture (P = 0.592). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis identified a daily dietary choline intake of 232.1 mg as the optimal cutoff value for predicting osteoporosis. Our nationwide data suggested that a lower level of daily dietary choline intake was positively associated with the increased risk of osteoporosis in the US elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
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36
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Li A, Chen Y, Schuller AA, van der Sluis LWM, Tjakkes GHE. Dietary inflammatory potential is associated with poor periodontal health: A population-based study. J Clin Periodontol 2021; 48:907-918. [PMID: 33899265 PMCID: PMC8251843 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aim To investigate the association between dietary inflammatory potential and poor periodontal health. Material and Methods A cross‐sectional analysis of a nationally representative sample of participants was performed. NHANES 2011–2014 (n = 7081) and NHANES 2001–2004 (n = 5098) were used as discovery and validation datasets, respectively. The energy‐adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E‐DII) score was calculated for each participant based on 24‐h dietary recalls to assess diet‐associated inflammation. Periodontitis was defined by the CDC/AAP using clinical periodontal parameters. Natural cubic spline was applied to identify any non‐linear associations of the E‐DII score with moderate/severe periodontitis. Furthermore, interaction analyses were performed by age, gender, and race/ethnicity to explore the moderating roles of these factors. Results In the discovery dataset, a non‐linear positive relationship with periodontitis was identified for the E‐DII score (pnon‐linearity < .001) after adjustment for potential confounders. Compared with those individuals in the lowest tertile of E‐DII, participants in the highest tertile who consumed a pro‐inflammatory diet were 53% more likely to be periodontitis (OR tertile3vs1 = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.33–1.77). The validation dataset showed similar associations. Relatively stronger associations were seen in older adults and males. Conclusion Consuming a pro‐inflammatory diet indicated by the E‐DII score is associated with periodontal disease in the U.S. general adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Li
- Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Yuntao Chen
- Medical Statistics and Decision Making, Department of Epidemiology, UMCG, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Annemarie A Schuller
- Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Child Health, the Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Luc W M van der Sluis
- Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Geerten-Has E Tjakkes
- Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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37
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Iwasaki M, Ennibi OK, Bouziane A, Erraji S, Lakhdar L, Rhissassi M, Ansai T, Yoshida A, Miyazaki H. Association between periodontitis and the Mediterranean diet in young Moroccan individuals. J Periodontal Res 2020; 56:408-414. [PMID: 33381869 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has been reported to be associated with a lower risk of various chronic diseases. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the potential association between adherence to the MedDiet and periodontitis, which is highly prevalent in young Moroccan individuals. METHODS We evaluated 1075 Moroccan individuals (72% women, mean [standard deviation] age = 20.2 [1.5] years). Adherence to the MedDiet was assessed using the MedDiet score (MDS) based on the frequency of intake of eight food groups (vegetables, legumes, fruits, cereals or potatoes, fish, red meat, dairy products, and olive oil). A value of 0 (unhealthy) or 1 (healthy) was assigned to each food group, and the MDS (range, 0-8 points) was generated by adding the individual scores, with a higher score indicating better adherence to the MedDiet. The logistic regression model was used to evaluate the MDS (high [5-8 points]/low [0-4 points]) and each component score (1/0) with the presence of periodontitis, which was determined through full-mouth periodontal examinations. Age, sex, and oral health behavior were considered as potential confounders. RESULTS In total, 693 (64.5%) study participants showed high MDSs. Periodontitis was observed in 71 (6.6%) participants. No significant association between MDS and periodontitis was observed. Nonetheless, olive oil consumption, a component of the MDS, showed a significant inverse association with periodontitis (adjusted odds ratio = 0.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.32-0.96). CONCLUSIONS The MedDiet was not significantly associated with periodontitis among young Moroccans. However, frequent consumption of olive oil may have a protective effect against periodontitis, although the temporal association needs to be clarified in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oum Keltoum Ennibi
- Department of Periodontology, Laboratory of Oral Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Amal Bouziane
- Department of Periodontology, Laboratory of Oral Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Samir Erraji
- Department of Periodontology, Laboratory of Oral Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Leila Lakhdar
- Department of Periodontology, Laboratory of Oral Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Meryem Rhissassi
- Department of Periodontology, Laboratory of Oral Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Toshihiro Ansai
- Division of Community Oral Health Development, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yoshida
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Japan
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