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Yu Y, Cui H, Haas SS, New F, Sanford N, Yu K, Zhan D, Yang G, Gao J, Wei D, Qiu J, Banaj N, Boomsma DI, Breier A, Brodaty H, Buckner RL, Buitelaar JK, Cannon DM, Caseras X, Clark VP, Conrod PJ, Crivello F, Crone EA, Dannlowski U, Davey CG, de Haan L, de Zubicaray GI, Di Giorgio A, Fisch L, Fisher SE, Franke B, Glahn DC, Grotegerd D, Gruber O, Gur RE, Gur RC, Hahn T, Harrison BJ, Hatton S, Hickie IB, Hulshoff Pol HE, Jamieson AJ, Jernigan TL, Jiang J, Kalnin AJ, Kang S, Kochan NA, Kraus A, Lagopoulos J, Lazaro L, McDonald BC, McDonald C, McMahon KL, Mwangi B, Piras F, Rodriguez‐Cruces R, Royer J, Sachdev PS, Satterthwaite TD, Saykin AJ, Schumann G, Sevaggi P, Smoller JW, Soares JC, Spalletta G, Tamnes CK, Trollor JN, Van't Ent D, Vecchio D, Walter H, Wang Y, Weber B, Wen W, Wierenga LM, Williams SCR, Wu M, Zunta‐Soares GB, Bernhardt B, Thompson P, Frangou S, Ge R. Brain-age prediction: Systematic evaluation of site effects, and sample age range and size. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26768. [PMID: 38949537 PMCID: PMC11215839 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Structural neuroimaging data have been used to compute an estimate of the biological age of the brain (brain-age) which has been associated with other biologically and behaviorally meaningful measures of brain development and aging. The ongoing research interest in brain-age has highlighted the need for robust and publicly available brain-age models pre-trained on data from large samples of healthy individuals. To address this need we have previously released a developmental brain-age model. Here we expand this work to develop, empirically validate, and disseminate a pre-trained brain-age model to cover most of the human lifespan. To achieve this, we selected the best-performing model after systematically examining the impact of seven site harmonization strategies, age range, and sample size on brain-age prediction in a discovery sample of brain morphometric measures from 35,683 healthy individuals (age range: 5-90 years; 53.59% female). The pre-trained models were tested for cross-dataset generalizability in an independent sample comprising 2101 healthy individuals (age range: 8-80 years; 55.35% female) and for longitudinal consistency in a further sample comprising 377 healthy individuals (age range: 9-25 years; 49.87% female). This empirical examination yielded the following findings: (1) the accuracy of age prediction from morphometry data was higher when no site harmonization was applied; (2) dividing the discovery sample into two age-bins (5-40 and 40-90 years) provided a better balance between model accuracy and explained age variance than other alternatives; (3) model accuracy for brain-age prediction plateaued at a sample size exceeding 1600 participants. These findings have been incorporated into CentileBrain (https://centilebrain.org/#/brainAGE2), an open-science, web-based platform for individualized neuroimaging metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuetong Yu
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Department of PsychiatryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Hao‐Qi Cui
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Department of PsychiatryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Shalaila S. Haas
- Department of PsychiatryIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Faye New
- Department of PsychiatryIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Nicole Sanford
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Department of PsychiatryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Kevin Yu
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Department of PsychiatryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Denghuang Zhan
- School of Population and Public HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Guoyuan Yang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences, School of Medical Technology, School of Life ScienceBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina
| | - Jia‐Hong Gao
- Center for MRI ResearchPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Dongtao Wei
- School of PsychologySouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Jiang Qiu
- School of PsychologySouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Nerisa Banaj
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral NeurologyIRCCS Santa Lucia FoundationRomeItaly
| | - Dorret I. Boomsma
- Department of Biological PsychologyVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Alan Breier
- Department of PsychiatryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical MedicineUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Randy L. Buckner
- Department of Psychology, Center for Brain ScienceHarvard UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Jan K. Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive NeuroscienceDonders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Dara M. Cannon
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Galway Neuroscience CentreCollege of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, University of GalwayGalwayIreland
| | - Xavier Caseras
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical NeurosciencesCardiff UniversityCardiffUK
| | - Vincent P. Clark
- Psychology Clinical Neuroscience Center, Department of PsychologyUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
| | - Patricia J. Conrod
- Department of Psychiatry and AddictionUniversité de Montréal, CHU Ste JustineMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Fabrice Crivello
- Institut des Maladies NeurodégénérativesUniversité de BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | - Eveline A. Crone
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social SciencesLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral SciencesErasmus University RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Institute for Translational PsychiatryUniversity of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | | | - Lieuwe de Haan
- Department of PsychiatryAmsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Greig I. de Zubicaray
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology & CounsellingQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | | | - Lukas Fisch
- Institute for Translational PsychiatryUniversity of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Simon E. Fisher
- Language and Genetics DepartmentMax Planck Institute for PsycholinguisticsNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive NeuroscienceRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of Human GeneticsRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - David C. Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Tommy Fuss Center for Neuropsychiatric Disease Research, Boston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Dominik Grotegerd
- Institute for Translational PsychiatryUniversity of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Oliver Gruber
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General PsychiatryHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
| | - Raquel E. Gur
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Ruben C. Gur
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Tim Hahn
- Institute for Translational PsychiatryUniversity of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Ben J. Harrison
- Department of PsychiatryThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Sean Hatton
- Brain and Mind CentreThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Ian B. Hickie
- Brain and Mind CentreThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Hilleke E. Hulshoff Pol
- Department of PsychiatryIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of PsychologyUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Alec J. Jamieson
- Department of PsychiatryThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Terry L. Jernigan
- Center for Human Development, Departments of Cognitive Science, Psychiatry, and RadiologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jiyang Jiang
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical MedicineUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Andrew J. Kalnin
- Department of RadiologyThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Sim Kang
- West Region, Institute of Mental HealthSingaporeSingapore
| | - Nicole A. Kochan
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical MedicineUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Anna Kraus
- Institute for Translational PsychiatryUniversity of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Jim Lagopoulos
- Brain and Mind CentreThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Luisa Lazaro
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychologyHospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Brenna C. McDonald
- Department of Radiology and Imaging SciencesIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Colm McDonald
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Galway Neuroscience CentreCollege of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, University of GalwayGalwayIreland
| | - Katie L. McMahon
- School of Clinical Sciences, Centre for Biomedical TechnologiesQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Benson Mwangi
- Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Fabrizio Piras
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral NeurologyIRCCS Santa Lucia FoundationRomeItaly
| | | | - Jessica Royer
- McConnell Brain Imaging CentreMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Perminder S. Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical MedicineUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | | | - Andrew J. Saykin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging SciencesIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Department of PsychiatryCCM, Charite Universitaetsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), ISTBIFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Pierluigi Sevaggi
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and NeuroscienceUniversity of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly
| | - Jordan W. Smoller
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Center for Genomic MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Center for Precision PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Jair C. Soares
- Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral NeurologyIRCCS Santa Lucia FoundationRomeItaly
| | - Christian K. Tamnes
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of PsychologyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Julian N. Trollor
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical MedicineUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Clinical MedicineUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Dennis Van't Ent
- Department of Biological PsychologyVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Daniela Vecchio
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral NeurologyIRCCS Santa Lucia FoundationRomeItaly
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin BerlinCorporate Member of FU Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of RadiologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Bernd Weber
- Institute for Experimental Epileptology and Cognition ResearchUniversity of Bonn and University Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Wei Wen
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical MedicineUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Lara M. Wierenga
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social SciencesLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Steven C. R. Williams
- Department of NeuroimagingInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Mon‐Ju Wu
- Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Giovana B. Zunta‐Soares
- Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Boris Bernhardt
- McConnell Brain Imaging CentreMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Paul Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaMarina del ReyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sophia Frangou
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Department of PsychiatryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Department of PsychiatryIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Ruiyang Ge
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Department of PsychiatryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
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Wainwright CE, Vidmar S, Anderson V, Bourgeat P, Byrnes C, Carlin JB, Cheney J, Cooper P, Davidson A, Gailer N, Grayson-Collins J, Quittner A, Robertson C, Salvado O, Zannino D, Armstrong FD. Long-term outcomes of early exposure to repeated general anaesthesia in children with cystic fibrosis (CF-GAIN): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled phase 4 trial. THE LANCET. RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2024:S2213-2600(24)00170-X. [PMID: 38851197 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(24)00170-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term effects of early, recurrent human exposure to general anaesthesia remain unknown. The Australasian Cystic Fibrosis Bronchoalveolar Lavage (ACFBAL) trial provided an opportunity to examine this issue in children randomly assigned in infancy to either repeated bronchoalveolar-lavage (BAL)-directed therapy with general anaesthesia or standard care with no planned lavages up to 5 years of age when all children received BAL-directed therapy under general anaesthesia. METHODS This multicentre, randomised, open-label phase 4 trial (CF-GAIN) used the original ACFBAL trial randomisation at 3·6 months (SD 1·6) to BAL-directed therapy or standard-care groups to assess the impact of general anaesthesia exposures over early childhood. Children who completed the ACFBAL trial, with a mean age of 5·1 (SD 0·18) years, received standardised neurobehavioural and health-related-quality-of-life assessment and brain MRI scans between Oct 8, 2013, and June 30, 2017, at a mean age of 12·8 (SD 1·7) years at three hospitals in Australia and one hospital in New Zealand. The primary outcome was a composite score of performance on a standardised, computer-based assessment of child attention, processing speed, and response inhibition skills (Conners Continuous Performance test, second edition). Secondary outcomes included intellectual function, other neurobehavioural measures, and brain imaging as an exploratory outcome. The trial was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN 12613000057785) and is completed. FINDINGS At 2 years, the BAL-directed therapy group (n=52) and standard-care group (n=45) had a median of 2·0 (IQR 1·0-3·0) and 0·0 (0·0-0·0) exposures, respectively. At completion of the ACFBAL trial, the BAL-directed therapy group had a median of 6·0 (4·0-9·5) exposures and the standard-care group 2·0 (1·0-4·0) exposures. At CF-GAIN completion, the BAL-directed therapy group had a median of 10·0 (IQR 6·5-14·5) exposures and the standard-care group 4·0 (3·0-7·0) exposures. Cumulative general anaesthesia exposure time was not prospectively collected but, for those with complete cumulative exposure time data to the end of the ACFBAL trial, the median cumulative exposure time for the BAL-directed therapy group (n=29) was 180 (IQR 140-285) min and for the standard-care group (n=32) was 48 (30-122) min. The mean Conners Continuous Performance test, second edition composite score was 51 (SD 8·1) in BAL-directed therapy group and 53 (8·8) in the standard-care group; difference -1·7 (95% CI -5·2 to 1·7; p=0·32) with similar performance on other neurobehavioural measures, including measures of executive function, intellectual quotient scores, and brain imaging. INTERPRETATION Our findings suggest that repeated general anaesthesia exposure in young children with cystic fibrosis is not related to functional impairment in attention, intellectual quotient, executive function, or brain structure compared with a group with fewer and shorter cumulative anaesthesia durations. FUNDING National Health and Medical Research Council Australia, Queensland Government Health Service and Clinical Innovation Fellowship, and the Children's Hospital Foundation Queensland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Elizabeth Wainwright
- Centre for Child Health Research, University of Queensland, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital Brisbane, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Suzanna Vidmar
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Vicki Anderson
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | - John Brooke Carlin
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Joyce Cheney
- Centre for Child Health Research, University of Queensland, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital Brisbane, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Peter Cooper
- The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew Davidson
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicholas Gailer
- Centre for Child Health Research, University of Queensland, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Alexandra Quittner
- Joe DiMaggio Cystic Fibrosis, Pulmonary and Sleep Center, Hollywood, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Diana Zannino
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Floyd Daniel Armstrong
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine & Holtz Children's Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
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Dohm-Hansen S, English JA, Lavelle A, Fitzsimons CP, Lucassen PJ, Nolan YM. The 'middle-aging' brain. Trends Neurosci 2024; 47:259-272. [PMID: 38508906 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Middle age has historically been an understudied period of life compared to older age, when cognitive and brain health decline are most pronounced, but the scope for intervention may be limited. However, recent research suggests that middle age could mark a shift in brain aging. We review emerging evidence on multiple levels of analysis indicating that midlife is a period defined by unique central and peripheral processes that shape future cognitive trajectories and brain health. Informed by recent developments in aging research and lifespan studies in humans and animal models, we highlight the utility of modeling non-linear changes in study samples with wide subject age ranges to distinguish life stage-specific processes from those acting linearly throughout the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Dohm-Hansen
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jane A English
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aonghus Lavelle
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Carlos P Fitzsimons
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Brain Plasticity Group, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J Lucassen
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Brain Plasticity Group, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne M Nolan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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Hyde LW, Bezek JL, Michael C. The future of neuroscience in developmental psychopathology. Dev Psychopathol 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38444150 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579424000233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Developmental psychopathology started as an intersection of fields and is now a field itself. As we contemplate the future of this field, we consider the ways in which a newer, interdisciplinary field - human developmental neuroscience - can inform, and be informed by, developmental psychopathology. To do so, we outline principles of developmental psychopathology and how they are and/or can be implemented in developmental neuroscience. In turn, we highlight how the collaboration between these fields can lead to richer models and more impactful translation. In doing so, we describe the ways in which models from developmental psychopathology can enrich developmental neuroscience and future directions for developmental psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke W Hyde
- Department of Psychology, Survey Research Center at the Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jessica L Bezek
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Cleanthis Michael
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Constantinides C, Baltramonaityte V, Caramaschi D, Han LKM, Lancaster TM, Zammit S, Freeman TP, Walton E. Assessing the association between global structural brain age and polygenic risk for schizophrenia in early adulthood: A recall-by-genotype study. Cortex 2024; 172:1-13. [PMID: 38154374 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies consistently show advanced brain age in schizophrenia, suggesting that brain structure is often 'older' than expected at a given chronological age. Whether advanced brain age is linked to genetic liability for schizophrenia remains unclear. In this pre-registered secondary data analysis, we utilised a recall-by-genotype approach applied to a population-based subsample from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children to assess brain age differences between young adults aged 21-24 years with relatively high (n = 96) and low (n = 93) polygenic risk for schizophrenia (SCZ-PRS). A global index of brain age (or brain-predicted age) was estimated using a publicly available machine learning model previously trained on a combination of region-wise gray-matter measures, including cortical thickness, surface area and subcortical volumes derived from T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. We found no difference in mean brain-PAD (the difference between brain-predicted age and chronological age) between the high- and low-SCZ-PRS groups, controlling for the effects of sex and age at time of scanning (b = -.21; 95% CI -2.00, 1.58; p = .82; Cohen's d = -.034; partial R2 = .00029). These findings do not support an association between SCZ-PRS and brain-PAD based on global age-related structural brain patterns, suggesting that brain age may not be a vulnerability marker of common genetic risk for SCZ. Future studies with larger samples and multimodal brain age measures could further investigate global or localised effects of SCZ-PRS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Doretta Caramaschi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, UK
| | - Laura K M Han
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Orygen, Parkville, Australia
| | | | - Stanley Zammit
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Tom P Freeman
- Addiction and Mental Health Group (AIM), Department of Psychology, University of Bath, UK
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6
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Boer OD, El Marroun H, Muetzel RL. Adolescent substance use initiation and long-term neurobiological outcomes: insights, challenges and opportunities. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02471-2. [PMID: 38409597 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02471-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The increased frequency of risk taking behavior combined with marked neuromaturation has positioned adolescence as a focal point of research into the neural causes and consequences of substance use. However, little work has provided a summary of the links between adolescent initiated substance use and longer-term brain outcomes. Here we review studies exploring the long-term effects of adolescent-initiated substance use with structural and microstructural neuroimaging. A quarter of all studies reviewed conducted repeated neuroimaging assessments. Long-term alcohol use, as well as tobacco use were consistently associated with smaller frontal cortices and altered white matter microstructure. This association was mostly observed in the ACC, insula and subcortical regions in alcohol users, and for the OFC in tobacco users. Long-term cannabis use was mostly related to altered frontal cortices and hippocampal volumes. Interestingly, cannabis users scanned more years after use initiation tended to show smaller measures of these regions, whereas those with fewer years since initiation showed larger measures. Long-term stimulant use tended to show a similar trend as cannabis in terms of years since initiation in measures of the putamen, insula and frontal cortex. Long-term opioid use was mostly associated with smaller subcortical and insular volumes. Of note, null findings were reported in all substance use categories, most often in cannabis use studies. In the context of the large variety in study designs, substance use assessment, methods, and sample characteristics, we provide recommendations on how to interpret these findings, and considerations for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga D Boer
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies - Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanan El Marroun
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies - Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ryan L Muetzel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Stim JJ, Maresh EL, Van Voorhis AC, Kang SS, Luciana M, Collins P, Sponheim SR, Urošević S. Neural abnormalities of reward processing in adolescents with bipolar disorders: An ERP study. Biol Psychol 2023; 183:108667. [PMID: 37625685 PMCID: PMC10591931 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent onset is common in bipolar disorders (BDs) and is associated with a worse illness course in adulthood. A model of BDs suggests that a dysregulated behavioral approach system (BAS), a neural system that mobilizes reward-seeking behavior, is at the root of BDs. Normative adolescence is often accompanied by dynamic changes to neural structures underlying the BAS and related cognitive processes. It is possible that adolescent-onset BDs is associated with abnormal BAS neurodevelopment. Consistently, the present study is the first to compare specific BAS-relevant anticipatory and consummatory reward processes as indexed by event-related potentials (ERPs) in adolescents with BDs and typically developing peers. Using a sample of 43 adolescents with BDs and 56 without psychopathology, we analyzed N1 and P3 responses to anticipatory cues and feedback-related negativity (FRN) and P3 responses to feedback stimuli during a monetary incentive delay (MID) task. Hierarchical linear models examined relationships between ERP amplitudes and diagnostic group, MID condition, sex, and age. During anticipation phase, adolescent boys with BDs exhibited significantly larger N1 amplitudes in loss than even or gain trials. During feedback phase, compared to their healthy peers, adolescents with BDs had smaller FRN amplitudes across all conditions. Additional effects involving age, sex and trial type were observed. The findings indicate subtle, non-ubiquitous BAS-relevant neural abnormalities involving early attentional processes during reward anticipation and reward learning following feedback in adolescents with BDs. Adolescents with BDs did not show overall hypersensitive neural responses to monetary reward anticipation or feedback observed in adults with BDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J Stim
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, USA.
| | - Erin L Maresh
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, USA
| | | | - Seung Suk Kang
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Missouri, Kansas City, USA
| | - Monica Luciana
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, USA
| | - Paul Collins
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, USA
| | - Scott R Sponheim
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, USA
| | - Snežana Urošević
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, USA
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8
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Li Y, Zhou Z, Zhang Y, Ai H, Liu M, Liu J, Wang L, Qiu J, Rachel Han Z, Zhang Z, Luo YJ, Xu P. Brain development mediates the relationship between self-reported poor parental monitoring and adolescent anxiety. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 40:103514. [PMID: 37778196 PMCID: PMC10542017 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence is the peak period for the onset of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Brain networks of cognitive and affective control in adolescents are not well developed when their exposure to external stimuli suddenly increases.Reasonable parental monitoring is especially important during this period.To examine the role of parental monitoring in the development of functional brain networks of GAD, we conducted a cross-validation-based predictive study based on the functional brain networks of 192 participants. We found that a set of functional brain networks, especially the default mode network and its connectivity with the frontoparietal network, could predict the ages of adolescents, which was replicated in three independent samples.Importantly, the difference between predicted age and chronological age significantly mediated the relationship between parental monitoring and anxiety levels. These findings suggest that inadequate parental monitoring plays a crucial role in the delayed development of specific brain networks associated with GAD in adolescents. Our work highlights the important role of parental monitoring in adolescent development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiman Li
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Institute for Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Zheyi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (BNU), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Ai
- Institute of Applied Psychology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingfang Liu
- Community Health Service Center, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- The China Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Electronic Information and Automation, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- School of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing, China
| | - Zhuo Rachel Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (BNU), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Jia Luo
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Institute for Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China; State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (BNU), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; Center for Emotion and Brain, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen, China.
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9
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Liu J, Zhang Y, Qiu J, Wei D. Linking negative affect, personality and social conditions to structural brain development during the transition from late adolescent to young adulthood. J Affect Disord 2023; 325:14-21. [PMID: 36623558 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transition from late adolescence to early adulthood is a period that experiences a surge of life changes and brain reorganization caused by internal and external factors, including negative affect, personality, and social conditions. METHODS Non-imaging phenotype and structural brain variables were available on 497 healthy participants (279 females and 218 males) between 17 and 22 years old. We used sparse canonical correlation analysis (sCCA) on the high-dimensional and longitudinal data to extract modes with maximum covariation between structural brain changes and negative affect, personality, and social conditions. RESULTS Separate sCCAs for cortical volume, cortical thickness, cortical surface area and subcortical volume confirmed that each imaging phenotype was correlated with non-imaging features (sCCA |r| range: 0.21-0.38, all pFDR < 0.01). Bilateral superior frontal, left caudal anterior cingulate and bilateral caudate had the highest canonical cross-loadings (|ρ| = 0.15-0.32). In longitudinal data analysis, scan-interval, negative affect, and enthusiasm had the highest association with structural brain changes (|ρ| = 0.07-0.38); at baseline, intellect and politeness were associated with individual variability in the structural brain (|ρ| = 0.10-0.25). LIMITATIONS The present study used non-imaging variables only at baseline, making it impossible to explore the relationship between changing behavior and structural brain development. CONCLUSIONS Individual structural brain changes are associated with multiple factors. In addition to time-dependent variables, we find that negative affect, enthusiasm and social support play a numerically weak but significant role in structural brain development during the transition from late adolescence to young adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing 400715, China; Southwest University Branch, Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment Toward Basic Education Quality at Beijing Normal University, China.
| | - Dongtao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing 400715, China.
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10
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Kalantar-Hormozi H, Patel R, Dai A, Ziolkowski J, Dong HM, Holmes A, Raznahan A, Devenyi GA, Chakravarty MM. A cross-sectional and longitudinal study of human brain development: The integration of cortical thickness, surface area, gyrification index, and cortical curvature into a unified analytical framework. Neuroimage 2023; 268:119885. [PMID: 36657692 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.119885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain maturation studies typically examine relationships linking a single morphometric feature with cognition, behavior, age, or other demographic characteristics. However, the coordinated spatiotemporal arrangement of morphological features across development and their associations with behavior are unclear. Here, we examine covariation across multiple cortical features (cortical thickness [CT], surface area [SA], local gyrification index [GI], and mean curvature [MC]) using magnetic resonance images from the NIMH developmental cohort (ages 5-25). Neuroanatomical covariance was examined using non-negative matrix factorization (NMF), which decomposes covariance resulting in a parts-based representation. Cross-sectionally, we identified six components of covariation which demonstrate differential contributions of CT, GI, and SA in hetero- vs. unimodal areas. Using this technique to examine covariance in rates of change to identify longitudinal sources of covariance highlighted preserved SA in unimodal areas and changes in CT and GI in heteromodal areas. Using behavioral partial least squares (PLS), we identified a single latent variable (LV) that recapitulated patterns of reduced CT, GI, and SA related to older age, with limited contributions of IQ and SES. Longitudinally, PLS revealed three LVs that demonstrated a nuanced developmental pattern that highlighted a higher rate of maturational change in SA and CT in higher IQ and SES females. Finally, we situated the components in the changing architecture of cortical gradients. This novel characterization of brain maturation provides an important understanding of the interdependencies between morphological measures, their coordinated development, and their relationship to biological sex, cognitive ability, and the resources of the local environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadis Kalantar-Hormozi
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Computational Brain Anatomy Laboratory, Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, QC, Canada.
| | - Raihaan Patel
- Computational Brain Anatomy Laboratory, Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, QC, Canada; Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alyssa Dai
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Computational Brain Anatomy Laboratory, Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, QC, Canada
| | - Justine Ziolkowski
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Computational Brain Anatomy Laboratory, Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, QC, Canada
| | - Hao-Ming Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, International Data Group/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, USA
| | - Avram Holmes
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, USA
| | - Armin Raznahan
- Section on Developmental Neurogenomics, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gabriel A Devenyi
- Computational Brain Anatomy Laboratory, Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, QC, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - M Mallar Chakravarty
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Computational Brain Anatomy Laboratory, Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, QC, Canada; Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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11
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Holm MC, Leonardsen EH, Beck D, Dahl A, Kjelkenes R, de Lange AMG, Westlye LT. Linking brain maturation and puberty during early adolescence using longitudinal brain age prediction in the ABCD cohort. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2023; 60:101220. [PMID: 36841180 PMCID: PMC9972398 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The temporal characteristics of adolescent neurodevelopment are shaped by a complex interplay of genetic, biological, and environmental factors. Using a large longitudinal dataset of children aged 9-13 from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study we tested the associations between pubertal status and brain maturation. Brain maturation was assessed using brain age prediction based on convolutional neural networks and minimally processed T1-weighted structural MRI data. Brain age prediction provided highly accurate and reliable estimates of individual age, with an overall mean absolute error of 0.7 and 1.4 years at the two timepoints respectively, and an intraclass correlation of 0.65. Linear mixed effects (LME) models accounting for age and sex showed that on average, a one unit increase in pubertal maturational level was associated with a 2.22 months higher brain age across time points (β = 0.10, p < .001). Moreover, annualized change in pubertal development was weakly related to the rate of change in brain age (β = .047, p = 0.04). These results demonstrate a link between sexual development and brain maturation in early adolescence, and provides a basis for further investigations of the complex sociobiological impacts of puberty on life outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madelene C Holm
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Esten H Leonardsen
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dani Beck
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas Dahl
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rikka Kjelkenes
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ann-Marie G de Lange
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; LREN, Centre for Research in Neurosciences, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lars T Westlye
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Norway
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12
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Bogdan R, Hatoum AS, Johnson EC, Agrawal A. The Genetically Informed Neurobiology of Addiction (GINA) model. Nat Rev Neurosci 2023; 24:40-57. [PMID: 36446900 PMCID: PMC10041646 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-022-00656-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Addictions are heritable and unfold dynamically across the lifespan. One prominent neurobiological theory proposes that substance-induced changes in neural circuitry promote the progression of addiction. Genome-wide association studies have begun to characterize the polygenic architecture undergirding addiction liability and revealed that genetic loci associated with risk can be divided into those associated with a general broad-spectrum liability to addiction and those associated with drug-specific addiction risk. In this Perspective, we integrate these genomic findings with our current understanding of the neurobiology of addiction to propose a new Genetically Informed Neurobiology of Addiction (GINA) model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Bogdan
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Alexander S Hatoum
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Emma C Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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13
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Functional connectivity directionality between large-scale resting-state networks across typical and non-typical trajectories in children and adolescence. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276221. [PMID: 36454744 PMCID: PMC9714732 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental disorders often emerge during adolescence and have been associated with age-related differences in connection strengths of brain networks (static functional connectivity), manifesting in non-typical trajectories of brain development. However, little is known about the direction of information flow (directed functional connectivity) in this period of functional brain progression. We employed dynamic graphical models (DGM) to estimate directed functional connectivity from resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging data on 1143 participants, aged 6 to 17 years from the healthy brain network (HBN) sample. We tested for effects of age, sex, cognitive abilities and psychopathology on estimates of direction flow. Across participants, we show a pattern of reciprocal information flow between visual-medial and visual-lateral connections, in line with findings in adults. Investigating directed connectivity patterns between networks, we observed a positive association for age and direction flow from the cerebellar to the auditory network, and for the auditory to the sensorimotor network. Further, higher cognitive abilities were linked to lower information flow from the visual occipital to the default mode network. Additionally, examining the degree networks overall send and receive information to each other, we identified age-related effects implicating the right frontoparietal and sensorimotor network. However, we did not find any associations with psychopathology. Our results suggest that the directed functional connectivity of large-scale resting-state brain networks is sensitive to age and cognition during adolescence, warranting further studies that may explore directed relationships at rest and trajectories in more fine-grained network parcellations and in different populations.
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14
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Modabbernia A, Whalley HC, Glahn DC, Thompson PM, Kahn RS, Frangou S. Systematic evaluation of machine learning algorithms for neuroanatomically-based age prediction in youth. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:5126-5140. [PMID: 35852028 PMCID: PMC9812239 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Application of machine learning (ML) algorithms to structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) data has yielded behaviorally meaningful estimates of the biological age of the brain (brain-age). The choice of the ML approach in estimating brain-age in youth is important because age-related brain changes in this age-group are dynamic. However, the comparative performance of the available ML algorithms has not been systematically appraised. To address this gap, the present study evaluated the accuracy (mean absolute error [MAE]) and computational efficiency of 21 machine learning algorithms using sMRI data from 2105 typically developing individuals aged 5-22 years from five cohorts. The trained models were then tested in two independent holdout datasets, one comprising 4078 individuals aged 9-10 years and another comprising 594 individuals aged 5-21 years. The algorithms encompassed parametric and nonparametric, Bayesian, linear and nonlinear, tree-based, and kernel-based models. Sensitivity analyses were performed for parcellation scheme, number of neuroimaging input features, number of cross-validation folds, number of extreme outliers, and sample size. Tree-based models and algorithms with a nonlinear kernel performed comparably well, with the latter being especially computationally efficient. Extreme Gradient Boosting (MAE of 1.49 years), Random Forest Regression (MAE of 1.58 years), and Support Vector Regression (SVR) with Radial Basis Function (RBF) Kernel (MAE of 1.64 years) emerged as the three most accurate models. Linear algorithms, with the exception of Elastic Net Regression, performed poorly. Findings of the present study could be used as a guide for optimizing methodology when quantifying brain-age in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heather C Whalley
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Kennedy Tower, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David C Glahn
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rene S Kahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sophia Frangou
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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15
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Sanford N, Ge R, Antoniades M, Modabbernia A, Haas SS, Whalley HC, Galea L, Popescu SG, Cole JH, Frangou S. Sex differences in predictors and regional patterns of brain age gap estimates. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:4689-4698. [PMID: 35790053 PMCID: PMC9491279 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain-age-gap estimate (brainAGE) quantifies the difference between chronological age and age predicted by applying machine-learning models to neuroimaging data and is considered a biomarker of brain health. Understanding sex differences in brainAGE is a significant step toward precision medicine. Global and local brainAGE (G-brainAGE and L-brainAGE, respectively) were computed by applying machine learning algorithms to brain structural magnetic resonance imaging data from 1113 healthy young adults (54.45% females; age range: 22-37 years) participating in the Human Connectome Project. Sex differences were determined in G-brainAGE and L-brainAGE. Random forest regression was used to determine sex-specific associations between G-brainAGE and non-imaging measures pertaining to sociodemographic characteristics and mental, physical, and cognitive functions. L-brainAGE showed sex-specific differences; in females, compared to males, L-brainAGE was higher in the cerebellum and brainstem and lower in the prefrontal cortex and insula. Although sex differences in G-brainAGE were minimal, associations between G-brainAGE and non-imaging measures differed between sexes with the exception of poor sleep quality, which was common to both. While univariate relationships were small, the most important predictor of higher G-brainAGE was self-identification as non-white in males and systolic blood pressure in females. The results demonstrate the value of applying sex-specific analyses and machine learning methods to advance our understanding of sex-related differences in factors that influence the rate of brain aging and provide a foundation for targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Sanford
- Department of Psychiatry, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ruiyang Ge
- Department of Psychiatry, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mathilde Antoniades
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Shalaila S Haas
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Liisa Galea
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - James H Cole
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK
- Dementia Research Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sophia Frangou
- Department of Psychiatry, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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16
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Boer OD, El Marroun H, H A Franken I. Brain Morphology Predictors of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Cannabis Use in Adolescence: A Systematic Review. Brain Res 2022; 1795:148020. [PMID: 35853511 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, extensive research has emerged on the predictive value of brain morphology for substance use initiation and related problems during adolescence. This systematic review provides an overview of longitudinal studies on pre-existing brain variations and later initiation of alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use (N = 18). Adolescent structural neuroimaging studies that started before substance use initiation suggest that a smaller anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) volume, thicker or smaller superior frontal gyrus, and larger nucleus accumbens (NAcc) volume are associated with future alcohol use. Also, both smaller and larger orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) volumes were associated with future cannabis and combined alcohol/cannabis use. Smaller amygdala volumes were related to future daily tobacco smoking. These findings could point to specific vulnerabilities for adolescent substance use, as these brain areas are involved in cognitive control (ACC), reward (NAcc), motivation (OFC), and emotional memory (amygdala). However, the reported findings were inconsistent in directionality and laterality, and the largest study on alcohol use predictors reported null findings. Therefore, large population-based longitudinal studies should investigate the robustness and mechanisms of these associations. We suggested future research directions regarding sample selection, timing of baseline and follow-up measurements, and a harmonization approach of study methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga D Boer
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Science, Erasmus University Rotterdam, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, Sophia Children's Hospital, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Hanan El Marroun
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Science, Erasmus University Rotterdam, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, Sophia Children's Hospital, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Ingmar H A Franken
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Science, Erasmus University Rotterdam, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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17
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Gillespie NA, Hatton SN, Hagler DJ, Dale AM, Elman JA, McEvoy LK, Eyler LT, Fennema-Notestine C, Logue MW, McKenzie RE, Puckett OK, Tu XM, Whitsel N, Xian H, Reynolds CA, Panizzon MS, Lyons MJ, Neale MC, Kremen WS, Franz C. The Impact of Genes and Environment on Brain Ageing in Males Aged 51 to 72 Years. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:831002. [PMID: 35493948 PMCID: PMC9051484 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.831002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging data are being used in statistical models to predicted brain ageing (PBA) and as biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease. Despite their increasing application, the genetic and environmental etiology of global PBA indices is unknown. Likewise, the degree to which genetic influences in PBA are longitudinally stable and how PBA changes over time are also unknown. We analyzed data from 734 men from the Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging with repeated MRI assessments between the ages 51-72 years. Biometrical genetic analyses "twin models" revealed significant and highly correlated estimates of additive genetic heritability ranging from 59 to 75%. Multivariate longitudinal modeling revealed that covariation between PBA at different timepoints could be explained by a single latent factor with 73% heritability. Our results suggest that genetic influences on PBA are detectable in midlife or earlier, are longitudinally very stable, and are largely explained by common genetic influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A. Gillespie
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behaviour Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,*Correspondence: Nathan A. Gillespie,
| | - Sean N. Hatton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States,Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States,Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Donald J. Hagler
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Anders M. Dale
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States,Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States,Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Jeremy A. Elman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States,Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Linda K. McEvoy
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Lisa T. Eyler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States,Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Christine Fennema-Notestine
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States,Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Mark W. Logue
- National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States,Department of Psychiatry and Biomedical Genetics Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States,Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ruth E. McKenzie
- Department of Psychology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States,School of Education and Social Policy, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA, United States
| | - Olivia K. Puckett
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States,Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Xin M. Tu
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States,Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Nathan Whitsel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States,Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Hong Xian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Saint. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, United States,Research Service, VA St. Louis Healthcare System, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Chandra A. Reynolds
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Matthew S. Panizzon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States,Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Michael J. Lyons
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michael C. Neale
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behaviour Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States,Department of Biological Psychology, Free University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - William S. Kremen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States,Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States,Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, United States,William S. Kremen,
| | - Carol Franz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States,Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States,Carol Franz,
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18
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Jawinski P, Markett S, Drewelies J, Düzel S, Demuth I, Steinhagen-Thiessen E, Wagner GG, Gerstorf D, Lindenberger U, Gaser C, Kühn S. Linking Brain Age Gap to Mental and Physical Health in the Berlin Aging Study II. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:791222. [PMID: 35936763 PMCID: PMC9355695 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.791222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
From a biological perspective, humans differ in the speed they age, and this may manifest in both mental and physical health disparities. The discrepancy between an individual's biological and chronological age of the brain ("brain age gap") can be assessed by applying machine learning techniques to Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data. Here, we examined the links between brain age gap and a broad range of cognitive, affective, socioeconomic, lifestyle, and physical health variables in up to 335 adults of the Berlin Aging Study II. Brain age gap was assessed using a validated prediction model that we previously trained on MRI scans of 32,634 UK Biobank individuals. Our statistical analyses revealed overall stronger evidence for a link between higher brain age gap and less favorable health characteristics than expected under the null hypothesis of no effect, with 80% of the tested associations showing hypothesis-consistent effect directions and 23% reaching nominal significance. The most compelling support was observed for a cluster covering both cognitive performance variables (episodic memory, working memory, fluid intelligence, digit symbol substitution test) and socioeconomic variables (years of education and household income). Furthermore, we observed higher brain age gap to be associated with heavy episodic drinking, higher blood pressure, and higher blood glucose. In sum, our results point toward multifaceted links between brain age gap and human health. Understanding differences in biological brain aging may therefore have broad implications for future informed interventions to preserve mental and physical health in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Jawinski
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Markett
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johanna Drewelies
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Lise Meitner Group for Environmental Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sandra Düzel
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ilja Demuth
- Division of Lipid Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BCRT-Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen
- Division of Lipid Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gert G Wagner
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.,German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP), Berlin, Germany.,Federal Institute for Population Research (BiB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Denis Gerstorf
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.,German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulman Lindenberger
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Gaser
- Structural Brain Mapping Group, Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Simone Kühn
- Lise Meitner Group for Environmental Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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19
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Buimer EEL, Brouwer RM, Mandl RCW, Pas P, Schnack HG, Hulshoff Pol HE. Adverse childhood experiences and fronto-subcortical structures in the developing brain. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:955871. [PMID: 36276329 PMCID: PMC9582338 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.955871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) differs between individuals and depends on the type and timing of the ACE. The aim of this study was to assess the relation between various recently occurred ACEs and morphology in the developing brain of children between 8 and 11 years of age. We measured subcortical volumes, cortical thickness, cortical surface area and fractional anisotropy in regions of interest in brain scans acquired in 1,184 children from the YOUth cohort. ACEs were based on parent-reports of recent experiences and included: financial problems; parental mental health problems; physical health problems in the family; substance abuse in the family; trouble with police, justice or child protective services; change in household composition; change in housing; bereavement; divorce or conflict in the family; exposure to violence in the family and bullying victimization. We ran separate linear models for each ACE and each brain measure. Results were adjusted for the false discovery rate across regions of interest. ACEs were reported for 83% of children in the past year. Children were on average exposed to two ACEs. Substance abuse in the household was associated with larger cortical surface area in the left superior frontal gyrus, t(781) = 3.724, p FDR = 0.0077, right superior frontal gyrus, t(781) = 3.409, p FDR = 0.0110, left pars triangularis, t(781) = 3.614, p FDR = 0.0077, left rostral middle frontal gyrus, t(781) = 3.163, p FDR = 0.0195 and right caudal anterior cingulate gyrus, t(781) = 2.918, p FDR = 0.0348. Household exposure to violence (was associated with lower fractional anisotropy in the left and right cingulum bundle hippocampus region t(697) = -3.154, p FDR = 0.0101 and t(697) = -3.401, p FDR = 0.0085, respectively. Lower household incomes were more prevalent when parents reported exposure to violence and the mean parental education in years was lower when parents reported substance abuse in the family. No other significant associations with brain structures were found. Longer intervals between adversity and brain measurements and longitudinal measurements may reveal whether more evidence for the impact of ACEs on brain development will emerge later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth E L Buimer
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Rachel M Brouwer
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Centre for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - René C W Mandl
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Pascal Pas
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Hugo G Schnack
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Languages, Literature and Communication, Faculty of Humanities, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Hilleke E Hulshoff Pol
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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20
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Lund MJ, Alnæs D, de Lange AMG, Andreassen OA, Westlye LT, Kaufmann T. Brain age prediction using fMRI network coupling in youths and associations with psychiatric symptoms. Neuroimage Clin 2021; 33:102921. [PMID: 34959052 PMCID: PMC8718718 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has shown that estimated brain age is deviant from chronological age in various common brain disorders. Brain age estimation could be useful for investigating patterns of brain maturation and integrity, aiding to elucidate brain mechanisms underlying these heterogeneous conditions. Here, we examined functional brain age in two large samples of children and adolescents and its relation to mental health. METHODS We used resting-state fMRI data from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort (PNC; n = 1126, age range 8-22 years) to estimate functional connectivity between brain networks, and utilized these as features for brain age prediction. We applied the prediction model to 1387 individuals (age range 8-22 years) in the Healthy Brain Network sample (HBN). In addition, we estimated brain age in PNC using a cross-validation framework. Next, we tested for associations between brain age gap and various aspects of psychopathology and cognitive performance. RESULTS Our model was able to predict age in the independent test samples, with a model performance of r = 0.54 for the HBN test set, supporting consistency in functional connectivity patterns between samples and scanners. Linear models revealed a significant association between brain age gap and psychopathology in PNC, where individuals with a lower estimated brain age, had a higher overall symptom burden. These associations were not replicated in HBN. DISCUSSION Our findings support the use of brain age prediction from fMRI-based connectivity. While requiring further extensions and validations, the approach may be instrumental for detecting brain phenotypes related to intrinsic connectivity and could assist in characterizing risk in non-typically developing populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina J Lund
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - Dag Alnæs
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Bjørknes College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ann-Marie G de Lange
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; LREN, Centre for Research in Neurosciences, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T Westlye
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tobias Kaufmann
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany.
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21
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Kelly C, Ball G, Matthews LG, Cheong JL, Doyle LW, Inder TE, Thompson DK, Anderson PJ. Investigating brain structural maturation in children and adolescents born very preterm using the brain age framework. Neuroimage 2021; 247:118828. [PMID: 34923131 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Very preterm (VP) birth is associated with an increased risk for later neurodevelopmental and behavioural challenges. Although the neurobiological underpinnings of such challenges continue to be explored, previous studies have reported brain volume and morphology alterations in children and adolescents born VP compared with full-term (FT)-born controls. How these alterations relate to the trajectory of brain maturation, with potential implications for later brain ageing, remains unclear. In this longitudinal study, we investigate the relationship between VP birth and brain development during childhood and adolescence. We construct a normative 'brain age' model to predict age over childhood and adolescence based on measures of brain cortical and subcortical volumes and cortical morphology from structural MRI of a dataset of typically developing children aged 3-21 years (n = 768). Using this model, we examined deviations from normative brain development in a separate dataset of children and adolescents born VP (<30 weeks' gestation) at two timepoints (ages 7 and 13 years) compared with FT-born controls (120 VP and 29 FT children at age 7 years; 140 VP and 47 FT children at age 13 years). Brain age delta (brain-predicted age minus chronological age) was, on average, higher in the VP group at both timepoints compared with controls, however this difference had a small to medium effect size and was not statistically significant. Variance in brain age delta was higher in the VP group compared with controls; this difference was significant at the 13-year timepoint. Within the VP group, there was little evidence of associations between brain age delta and perinatal risk factors or cognitive and motor outcomes. Under the brain age framework, our results may suggest that children and adolescents born VP have similar brain structural developmental trajectories to term-born peers between 7 and 13 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Kelly
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Gareth Ball
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lillian G Matthews
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jeanie Ly Cheong
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Newborn Research, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lex W Doyle
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Newborn Research, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Terrie E Inder
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Deanne K Thompson
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter J Anderson
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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22
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Vidal-Pineiro D, Wang Y, Krogsrud SK, Amlien IK, Baaré WF, Bartres-Faz D, Bertram L, Brandmaier AM, Drevon CA, Düzel S, Ebmeier K, Henson RN, Junqué C, Kievit RA, Kühn S, Leonardsen E, Lindenberger U, Madsen KS, Magnussen F, Mowinckel AM, Nyberg L, Roe JM, Segura B, Smith SM, Sørensen Ø, Suri S, Westerhausen R, Zalesky A, Zsoldos E, Walhovd KB, Fjell A. Individual variations in 'brain age' relate to early-life factors more than to longitudinal brain change. eLife 2021; 10:69995. [PMID: 34756163 PMCID: PMC8580481 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain age is a widely used index for quantifying individuals’ brain health as deviation from a normative brain aging trajectory. Higher-than-expected brain age is thought partially to reflect above-average rate of brain aging. Here, we explicitly tested this assumption in two independent large test datasets (UK Biobank [main] and Lifebrain [replication]; longitudinal observations ≈ 2750 and 4200) by assessing the relationship between cross-sectional and longitudinal estimates of brain age. Brain age models were estimated in two different training datasets (n ≈ 38,000 [main] and 1800 individuals [replication]) based on brain structural features. The results showed no association between cross-sectional brain age and the rate of brain change measured longitudinally. Rather, brain age in adulthood was associated with the congenital factors of birth weight and polygenic scores of brain age, assumed to reflect a constant, lifelong influence on brain structure from early life. The results call for nuanced interpretations of cross-sectional indices of the aging brain and question their validity as markers of ongoing within-person changes of the aging brain. Longitudinal imaging data should be preferred whenever the goal is to understand individual change trajectories of brain and cognition in aging. Scientists who study the brain and aging are keen to find an effective way to measure brain health, which could help identify people at risk for dementia or memory problems. One popular marker is ‘brain age’. This measurement uses a brain scan to estimate a person’s chronological age, then compares the estimated brain age to the person’s actual age to determine whether their brain is aging faster or slower than expected for their age. However, since brain age relies on one brain scan taken at one point in time, it is not clear whether it really measures brain aging or if it might capture brain differences that have been present throughout the individual’s life. Studies comparing individual brain scans over several years would be necessary to know for sure. Now, Vidal-Piñeiro et al. show that the brain-age measurement does not reflect faster brain aging. In the experiments, the researchers compared repeated brain scans of thousands of individuals over 40 years of age. The experiments showed that deviations from normative brain age detected in a single scan reflected early life differences more than changes in the brain over time. For example, people with older-looking brains were more likely to have had a low birth weight or to have a combination of genes associated with having an older looking brain. Vidal-Piñeiro et al. show that brain age mostly reflects a pre-existing brain condition rather than brain aging. The experiments also suggest that genetics and early brain development likely have a strong impact on brain health throughout life. Future studies trying to test or develop brain-aging measurements should use serial measurements to track brain changes over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didac Vidal-Pineiro
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stine K Krogsrud
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Inge K Amlien
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - William Fc Baaré
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Bartres-Faz
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona; Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lars Bertram
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Lübeck Interdisciplinary Platform for Genome Analytics (LIGA), University of Lübeck, Lubeck, Germany
| | - Andreas M Brandmaier
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany.,Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian A Drevon
- Department of Nutrition, Inst Basic Med Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo & Vitas Ltd, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sandra Düzel
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Ebmeier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Richard N Henson
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit and Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Carme Junqué
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona; Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rogier Andrew Kievit
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit and Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Simone Kühn
- Lise Meitner Group for Environmental Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Esten Leonardsen
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulman Lindenberger
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany.,Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kathrine S Madsen
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Radiography, Department of Technology, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fredrik Magnussen
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Athanasia Monika Mowinckel
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Umeå Centre for Functional Brain Imaging, Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Physiology Section and Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - James M Roe
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Barbara Segura
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona; Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stephen M Smith
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Øystein Sørensen
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sana Suri
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN FMRIB), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Departments of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rene Westerhausen
- Section for Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andrew Zalesky
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Enikő Zsoldos
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Departments of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kristine Beate Walhovd
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of radiology and nuclear medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders Fjell
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of radiology and nuclear medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Podgórski P, Bladowska J, Sasiadek M, Zimny A. Novel Volumetric and Surface-Based Magnetic Resonance Indices of the Aging Brain - Does Male and Female Brain Age in the Same Way? Front Neurol 2021; 12:645729. [PMID: 34163419 PMCID: PMC8216769 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.645729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Novel post-processing methods allow not only for assessment of brain volumetry or cortical thickness based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) but also for more detailed analysis of cortical shape and complexity using parameters such as sulcal depth, gyrification index, or fractal dimension. The aim of this study was to analyze changes in brain volumetry and other cortical indices during aging in men and women. Material and Methods: Material consisted of 697 healthy volunteers (aged 38–80 years; M/F, 264/443) who underwent brain MRI using a 1.5-T scanner. Voxel-based volumetry of total gray matter (GM), white matter (WM), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was performed followed by assessment of cortical parameters [cortical thickness (CT), sulcal depth (SD), gyrification index (GI), and fractal dimension (FD)] in 150 atlas locations using surface-based morphometry with a region-based approach. All parameters were compared among seven age groups (grouped every 5 years) separately for men and women. Additionally, percentile curves for men and women were provided for total volumes of GM, WM, and CSF. Results: In men and women, a decrease in GM and WM volumes and an increase in CSF volume seem to progress slowly since the age of 45. In men, significant GM and WM loss as well as CSF increase start above 55 years of age, while in women, significant GM loss starts above 50 and significant WM loss as well as CSF increase above 60. CT was found to significantly decrease with aging in 39% of locations in women and in 36% of locations in men, SD was found to increase in 13.5% of locations in women and in 1.3% of locations in men, GI was decreased in 3.4% of locations in women and in 2.0% of locations in men, and FD was changed in 2.7% of locations in women compared to 2.0% in men. Conclusions: Male and female brains start aging at the similar age of 45. Compared to men, in women, the cortex is affected earlier and in the more complex pattern regarding not only cortical loss but also other alterations within the cortical shape, with relatively longer sparing of WM volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Podgórski
- Department of General and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Bladowska
- Department of General and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marek Sasiadek
- Department of General and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Zimny
- Department of General and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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