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Maiuolo J, Bulotta RM, Ruga S, Nucera S, Macrì R, Scarano F, Oppedisano F, Carresi C, Gliozzi M, Musolino V, Mollace R, Muscoli C, Mollace V. The Postbiotic Properties of Butyrate in the Modulation of the Gut Microbiota: The Potential of Its Combination with Polyphenols and Dietary Fibers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6971. [PMID: 39000076 PMCID: PMC11240906 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a diverse bacterial community consisting of approximately 2000 species, predominantly from five phyla: Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia. The microbiota's bacterial species create distinct compounds that impact the host's health, including well-known short-chain fatty acids. These are produced through the breakdown of dietary fibers and fermentation of undigested carbohydrates by the intestinal microbiota. The main short-chain fatty acids consist of acetate, propionate, and butyrate. The concentration of butyrate in mammalian intestines varies depending on the diet. Its main functions are use as an energy source, cell differentiation, reduction in the inflammatory process in the intestine, and defense against oxidative stress. It also plays an epigenetic role in histone deacetylases, thus helping to reduce the risk of colon cancer. Finally, butyrate affects the gut-brain axis by crossing the brain-blood barrier, making it crucial to determine the right concentrations for both local and peripheral effects. In recent years, there has been a significant amount of attention given to the role of dietary polyphenols and fibers in promoting human health. Polyphenols and dietary fibers both play crucial roles in protecting human health and can produce butyrate through gut microbiota fermentation. This paper aims to summarize information on the key summits related to the negative correlation between intestinal microbiota diversity and chronic diseases to guide future research on determining the specific activity of butyrate from polyphenols and dietary fibers that can carry out these vital functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Maiuolo
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Rosa Maria Bulotta
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Stefano Ruga
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Saverio Nucera
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Roberta Macrì
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Federica Scarano
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Francesca Oppedisano
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Cristina Carresi
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Rocco Mollace
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy;
| | - Carolina Muscoli
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy;
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Yang S, Qiao J, Zhang M, Kwok LY, Matijašić BB, Zhang H, Zhang W. Prevention and treatment of antibiotics-associated adverse effects through the use of probiotics: A review. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00230-3. [PMID: 38844120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human gut hosts a diverse microbial community, essential for maintaining overall health. However, antibiotics, commonly prescribed for infections, can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to antibiotic-associated diarrhea, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, and even neurological disorders. Recognizing this, probiotics have emerged as a promising strategy to counteract these adverse effects. AIM OF REVIEW This review aims to offer a comprehensive overview of the latest evidence concerning the utilization of probiotics in managing antibiotic-associated side effects. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW Probiotics play a crucial role in preserving gut homeostasis, regulating intestinal function and metabolism, and modulating the host immune system. These mechanisms serve to effectively alleviate antibiotic-associated adverse effects and enhance overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Jiaqi Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Lai-Yu Kwok
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | | | - Heping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China.
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Nong K, Qin X, Liu Z, Wang Z, Wu Y, Zhang B, Chen W, Fang X, Liu Y, Wang X, Zhang H. Potential effects and mechanism of flavonoids extract of Callicarpa nudiflora Hook on DSS-induced colitis in mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155523. [PMID: 38489893 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Callicarpa nudiflora Hook (C. nudiflora) is an anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and hemostatic ethnomedicine. To date, little has been reported regarding the activity of C. nudiflora against ulcerative colitis (UC). In this study, we investigated the effect of a flavonoid extract of C. nudiflora on Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in mice. Mice in the treatment group (CNLF+DSS group) and drug-only (CNLF group) groups were administered 400 mg/kg of flavonoid extract of C. nudiflora leaf (CNLF), and drinking water containing 2.5 % DSS was given to the model and treatment groups. The symptoms of colitis were detected, relevant indicators were verified, intestinal barrier function was assessed, and the contents of the cecum were analyzed for intestinal microorganisms. The results showed that CNLF significantly alleviated the clinical symptoms and histological morphology of colitis in mice, inhibited the increase in pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ), and increased the level of IL-10. The expression of NF-κB and MAPK inflammatory signal pathway-related proteins (p-p65, p-p38, p-ERK, p-JNK) was regulated. The expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1, OCLDN, and CLDN1) was increased, while the content of D-LA, DAO, and LPS was decreased. In addition, 16S rRNA sequencing showed that CNLF restored the gut microbial composition, and increased the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae, Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, and Barnesiella_intestinihominis. In conclusion, CNLF alleviated colitis by suppressing inflammation levels, improving intestinal barrier integrity, and modulating the intestinal microbiota, and therefore has promising future applications in the treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyi Nong
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Xinyun Qin
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Zhineng Liu
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Yijia Wu
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Wanyan Chen
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Xin Fang
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Youming Liu
- Yibin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yibin 644600, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Haiwen Zhang
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China.
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Olteanu G, Ciucă-Pană MA, Busnatu ȘS, Lupuliasa D, Neacșu SM, Mititelu M, Musuc AM, Ioniță-Mîndrican CB, Boroghină SC. Unraveling the Microbiome-Human Body Axis: A Comprehensive Examination of Therapeutic Strategies, Interactions and Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5561. [PMID: 38791599 PMCID: PMC11122276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This review scrutinizes the intricate interplay between the microbiome and the human body, exploring its multifaceted dimensions and far-reaching implications. The human microbiome, comprising diverse microbial communities inhabiting various anatomical niches, is increasingly recognized as a critical determinant of human health and disease. Through an extensive examination of current research, this review elucidates the dynamic interactions between the microbiome and host physiology across multiple organ systems. Key topics include the establishment and maintenance of microbiota diversity, the influence of host factors on microbial composition, and the bidirectional communication pathways between microbiota and host cells. Furthermore, we delve into the functional implications of microbiome dysbiosis in disease states, emphasizing its role in shaping immune responses, metabolic processes, and neurological functions. Additionally, this review discusses emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating the microbiome to restore host-microbe homeostasis and promote health. Microbiota fecal transplantation represents a groundbreaking therapeutic approach in the management of dysbiosis-related diseases, offering a promising avenue for restoring microbial balance within the gut ecosystem. This innovative therapy involves the transfer of fecal microbiota from a healthy donor to an individual suffering from dysbiosis, aiming to replenish beneficial microbial populations and mitigate pathological imbalances. By synthesizing findings from diverse fields, this review offers valuable insights into the complex relationship between the microbiome and the human body, highlighting avenues for future research and clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Olteanu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020956 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Maria-Alexandra Ciucă-Pană
- Department of Cardiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bagdasar-Arseni Emergency Hospital, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ștefan Sebastian Busnatu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Dumitru Lupuliasa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Bio-Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (D.L.); (S.M.N.)
| | - Sorinel Marius Neacșu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Bio-Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (D.L.); (S.M.N.)
| | - Magdalena Mititelu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020956 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Adina Magdalena Musuc
- Institute of Physical Chemistry—Ilie Murgulescu, Romanian Academy, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corina-Bianca Ioniță-Mîndrican
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Steluța Constanța Boroghină
- Department of Complementary Sciences, History of Medicine and Medical Culture, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
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Amini-Salehi E, Hassanipour S, Keivanlou MH, Shahdkar M, Orang Goorabzarmakhi M, Vakilpour A, Joukar F, Hashemi M, Sattari N, Javid M, Mansour-Ghanaei F. The impact of gut microbiome-targeted therapy on liver enzymes in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: an umbrella meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:815-830. [PMID: 37550264 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. To date, no confirmed medication is available for the treatment of NAFLD. Previous studies showed the promising effects of gut microbiome-targeted therapies; however, the results were controversial and the strength of the evidence and their clinical significance remained unclear. OBJECTIVES This umbrella study summarizes the results of meta-analyses investigating the effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on liver enzymes in the NAFLD population. DATA SOURCE A comprehensive search of the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases was done up to December 20, 2022, to find meta-analyses on randomized control trials reporting the effects of gut microbial therapy on patients with NAFLD. DATA EXTRACTION Two independent investigators extracted data on the characteristics of meta-analyses, and any discrepancies were resolved by a third researcher. The AMSTAR2 checklist was used for evaluating the quality of studies. DATA ANALYSIS A final total of 15 studies were included in the analysis. Results showed that microbiome-targeted therapies could significantly reduce levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT; effect size [ES], -10.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], -13.29, -7.14; P < 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (AST; ES, -8.86; 95%CI, -11.39, -6.32; P < 0.001), and γ-glutamyltransferase (ES, -5.56; 95%CI, -7.92, -3.31; P < 0.001) in patients with NAFLD. Results of subgroup analysis based on intervention showed probiotics could significantly reduce levels of AST (ES, -8.69; 95%CI, -11.01, -6.37; P < 0.001) and ALT (ES, -9.82; 95%CI, -11.59, -8.05; P < 0.001). Synbiotics could significantly reduce levels of AST (ES, -11.40; 95%CI, -13.91, -8.88; P < 0.001) and ALT (ES, -11.87; 95%CI, -13.80, -9.95; P < 0.001). Prebiotics had no significant effects on AST and ALT levels (ES, -2.96; 95%CI, -8.12, 2.18, P = 0.259; and ES, -4.69; 95%CI, -13.53, 4.15, P = 0.299, respectively). CONCLUSION Gut microbiome-targeted therapies could be a promising therapeutic approach in the improvement of hepatic damage in patients with NAFLD. However, more studies are needed to better determine the best bacterial strains, duration of treatment, and optimum dosage of gut microbiome-targeted therapies in the treatment of the NAFLD population. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022346998.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Amini-Salehi
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Soheil Hassanipour
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Milad Shahdkar
- School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Azin Vakilpour
- School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Joukar
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Nazila Sattari
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Alharbi BF, Alateek AA. Investigating the influence of probiotics in preventing Traveler's diarrhea: Meta-analysis based systematic review. Travel Med Infect Dis 2024; 59:102703. [PMID: 38458507 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Approximately 10-40 million travelers get Traveler's Diarrhea (TD) yearly. A significant decrease in TD incidence has not been achieved by depending solely on antibiotic prophylaxis and educational initiatives. Using prebiotics to prevent TD has also not been examined in previous evaluations of probiotics for TD, which failed to consider the strain-specificity of probiotic efficacy. This review investigates the overall effects of probiotics on preventing TD, including the impact of dosage, duration, and age. METHODS Standard literature databases were searched without restriction on publication year or language. The following criteria are included: randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in English or non-English unrestricted to publication year, excluding animal and observational studies. This systematic review applied the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. RESULTS Of the 166 screened papers, 10 RCTs were included. Lactobacillus acidophilus showed no efficacy in preventing TD except when mixed with other strains. Other genera of lactobacilli showed a protection rate of up to 39% against TD. Similarly, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces boulardii have been effective in preventing TD. CONCLUSION Studies investigating probiotics as a preventive measure for TD remain limited. Only a few probiotics that reduce TD risk exist. Based on this systematic review and meta-analysis, specific probiotic strains, including L. acidophilus, L. rhamnosus, L. fermentum, S. cerevisiae, and S. boulardii, may prevent TD. The effect of additional probiotic strains on TD prevention must be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basmah F Alharbi
- Department of Basic Health Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abeer A Alateek
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
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Junaid M, Lu H, Din AU, Yu B, Liu Y, Li Y, Liu K, Yan J, Qi Z. Deciphering Microbiome, Transcriptome, and Metabolic Interactions in the Presence of Probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus against Salmonella Typhimurium in a Murine Model. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:352. [PMID: 38667028 PMCID: PMC11047355 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13040352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium), a foodborne pathogen that poses significant public health risks to humans and animals, presents a formidable challenge due to its antibiotic resistance. This study explores the potential of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus 1.3251) probiotics as an alternative strategy to combat antibiotic resistance associated with S. Typhimurium infection. In this investigation, twenty-four BALB/c mice were assigned to four groups: a non-infected, non-treated group (CNG); an infected, non-treated group (CPG); a group fed with L. acidophilus but not infected (LAG); and a group fed with L. acidophilus and challenged with Salmonella (LAST). The results revealed a reduction in Salmonella levels in the feces of mice, along with restored weight and improved overall health in the LAST compared to the CPG. The feeding of L. acidophilus was found to downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA induced by Salmonella while upregulating anti-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, it influenced the expression of mRNA transcript, encoding tight junction protein, oxidative stress-induced enzymes, and apoptosis-related mRNA expression. Furthermore, the LEfSe analysis demonstrated a significant shift in the abundance of critical commensal genera in the LAST, essential for maintaining gut homeostasis, metabolic reactions, anti-inflammatory responses, and butyrate production. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 2173 upregulated and 506 downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the LAST vs. the CPG. Functional analysis of these DEGs highlighted their involvement in immunity, metabolism, and cellular development. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated their role in tumor necrosis factor (TNF), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), chemokine, Forkhead box O (FOXO), and transforming growth factor (TGF-β) signaling pathway. Moreover, the fecal metabolomic analysis identified 929 differential metabolites, with enrichment observed in valine, leucine, isoleucine, taurine, glycine, and other metabolites. These findings suggest that supplementation with L. acidophilus promotes the growth of beneficial commensal genera while mitigating Salmonella-induced intestinal disruption by modulating immunity, gut homeostasis, gut barrier integrity, and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongyu Lu
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ahmad Ud Din
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Bin Yu
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yixiang Li
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Kefei Liu
- Tianjin Shengji Group., Co., Ltd., No. 2, Hai Tai Development 2nd Road, Huayuan Industrial Zone, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jianhua Yan
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhongquan Qi
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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Chatterjee A, Kumar S, Roy Sarkar S, Halder R, Kumari R, Banerjee S, Sarkar B. Dietary polyphenols represent a phytotherapeutic alternative for gut dysbiosis associated neurodegeneration: A systematic review. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 129:109622. [PMID: 38490348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Globally, neurodegeneration and cerebrovascular disease are common and growing causes of morbidity and mortality. Pathophysiology of this group of diseases encompasses various factors from oxidative stress to gut microbial dysbiosis. The study of the etiology and mechanisms of oxidative stress as well as gut dysbiosis-induced neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, autism spectrum disorder, and Huntington's disease has recently received a lot of attention. Numerous studies lend credence to the notion that changes in the intestinal microbiota and enteric neuroimmune system have an impact on the initiation and severity of these diseases. The prebiotic role of polyphenols can influence the makeup of the gut microbiota in neurodegenerative disorders by modulating intracellular signalling pathways. Metabolites of polyphenols function directly as neurotransmitters by crossing the blood-brain barrier or indirectly via influencing the cerebrovascular system. This assessment aims to bring forth an interlink between the consumption of polyphenols biotransformed by gut microbiota which in turn modulate the gut microbial diversity and biochemical changes in the brain. This systematic review will further augment research towards the association of dietary polyphenols in the management of gut dysbiosis-associated neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Chatterjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Satish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Suparna Roy Sarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Ritabrata Halder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Rashmi Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sugato Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Biswatrish Sarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
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Lin H, Chen Y, Abror G, Price M, Morris A, Sun J, Palella F, Chew KW, Brown TT, Rinaldo CR, Peddada SD. The effect of sexual behavior on HIV-1 seroconversion is mediated by the gut microbiome and proinflammatory cytokines. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3868545. [PMID: 38343862 PMCID: PMC10854284 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3868545/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The association between HIV-1 seroconversion and gut dysbiosis is well documented, and its association with sexual activity is also widely recognized. However, it is not known whether the gut dysbiosis mediates the effects of high-risk sexual behavior on HIV-1 seroconversion. In this report we focused on men who engaged in high-risk sexual behavior where they had receptive anal intercourse with multiple men. We demonstrate that proinflammatory cytokines, sCD14 and sCD163, and gut microbiota mediate the effects of this high-risk sexual behavior on subsequent HIV seroconversion. We discovered changes in the gut microbial ecology, prior to seroconversion, both in terms of the composition as well as inter-relationships among the commensal species. Furthermore, these changes correlate with future HIV seroconversion. Specifically, as the number of sexual partners increased, we discovered in a "dose-response" manner, a decrease in the abundance of commensal and short-chain fatty acid-producing species, A. muciniphila, B. caccae, B. fragilis, B. uniformis, Bacteroides spp., Butyricimonas spp., and Odoribacter spp, and an increase in proinflammatory species Dehalobacterium spp. and Methanobrevibacter spp. These changes were also observed among subsequent HIV seroconverters. Interestingly, we also discovered a reduction in correlations among these commensal and short-chain fatty acid producing bacteria in a "dose-response" manner with the number of sexual partners. Our mediation analysis not only provides a conceptual model for the disease process but also provides clues for future clinical interventions that will manipulate the gut microbiota to treat high-risk subjects to prevent HIV seroconversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Lin
- Co-first authors
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIH), Research Triangle Park, NC USA
| | - Yue Chen
- Co-first authors
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Grace Abror
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Meaghan Price
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Alison Morris
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Frank Palella
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Kara W Chew
- School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Todd T Brown
- Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Charles R Rinaldo
- Co-senior authors
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Shyamal D Peddada
- Co-senior authors
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIH), Research Triangle Park, NC USA
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10
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Jia D, Li Y, Wang Y, Guo Y, Liu J, Zhao S, Wang J, Guan G, Luo J, Yin H, Tang L, Li Y. Probiotic Bacillus licheniformis ZW3 Alleviates DSS-Induced Colitis and Enhances Gut Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:561. [PMID: 38203732 PMCID: PMC10778761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite Bacillus species having been extensively utilized in the food industry and biocontrol as part of probiotic preparations, limited knowledge exists regarding their impact on intestinal disorders. In this study, we investigated the effect of Bacillus licheniformis ZW3 (ZW3), a potential probiotic isolated from camel feces, on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. The results showed ZW3 partially mitigated body weight loss, disease activity index (DAI), colon shortening, and suppressed immune response in colitis mice, as evidenced by the reduction in the levels of the inflammatory markers IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 (p < 0.05). ZW3 was found to ameliorate DSS-induced dysfunction of the colonic barrier by enhancing mucin 2 (MUC2), zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1), and occludin. Furthermore, enriched beneficial bacteria Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and decreased harmful bacteria Escherichia-Shigella revealed that ZW3 improved the imbalanced gut microbiota. Abnormally elevated uric acid levels in colitis were further normalized upon ZW3 supplementation. Overall, this study emphasized the protective effects of ZW3 in colitis mice as well as some potential applications in the management of inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (J.L.); (S.Z.); (J.W.); (G.G.); (J.L.); (H.Y.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yingying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (J.L.); (S.Z.); (J.W.); (G.G.); (J.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Yingjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (J.L.); (S.Z.); (J.W.); (G.G.); (J.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Yanan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (J.L.); (S.Z.); (J.W.); (G.G.); (J.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Junlong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (J.L.); (S.Z.); (J.W.); (G.G.); (J.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Shuaiyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (J.L.); (S.Z.); (J.W.); (G.G.); (J.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Jinming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (J.L.); (S.Z.); (J.W.); (G.G.); (J.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Guiquan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (J.L.); (S.Z.); (J.W.); (G.G.); (J.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Jianxun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (J.L.); (S.Z.); (J.W.); (G.G.); (J.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (J.L.); (S.Z.); (J.W.); (G.G.); (J.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Lijie Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Youquan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (D.J.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (J.L.); (S.Z.); (J.W.); (G.G.); (J.L.); (H.Y.)
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
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11
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Lee JH, Shin J, Park SH, Cha B, Hong JT, Lee DH, Kwon KS. Role of Probiotics in Preventing Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Colonization in the Intensive Care Unit: Risk Factors and Microbiome Analysis Study. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2970. [PMID: 38138114 PMCID: PMC10745884 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Older patients with multiple comorbidities often necessitate prolonged hospital stays and antibiotic treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU), leading to a rise in multidrug-resistant organisms like carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE). This study examined risk factors for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae colonization in the ICU and assessed probiotics' preventive role. In this single-center, retrospective study, 9099 ICU patients were tested for stool CRE culture from March 2017 to April 2022. We excluded 136 patients with CRE colonization within one week post-admission and 26 who received probiotics before CRE colonization. Ultimately, 8937 CRE-negative patients were selected. Logistic analysis identified CRE colonization risk factors and evaluated probiotics' influence, including Saccharomyces boulardii or Lactobacillus rhamnosus, used by 474 patients (5.3%) in the ICU. Compared with data on initial admission, 157 patients (1.7%) had newly discovered CRE colonization before discharge. In a multivariate analysis, coronavirus disease 2019, the ICU, tube feeding, antibiotics such as aminoglycoside, extended-spectrum penicillin, stool vancomycin-resistance enterococci colonization, and chronic kidney disease were significantly associated with de novo CRE infection. However, probiotic use was negatively correlated with CRE infection. Managing risk factors and administering probiotics in the ICU may help prevent CRE colonization; large randomized prospective studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hwan Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea (J.S.); (J.-T.H.)
- Department of Hospital Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongbeom Shin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea (J.S.); (J.-T.H.)
| | - Soo-Hyun Park
- Department of Neurology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 05355, Republic of Korea;
| | - Boram Cha
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea (J.S.); (J.-T.H.)
| | - Ji-Taek Hong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea (J.S.); (J.-T.H.)
| | - Don-Haeng Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea (J.S.); (J.-T.H.)
| | - Kye Sook Kwon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea (J.S.); (J.-T.H.)
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12
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DuPont HL, Salge MMH. The Importance of a Healthy Microbiome in Pregnancy and Infancy and Microbiota Treatment to Reverse Dysbiosis for Improved Health. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1617. [PMID: 37998819 PMCID: PMC10668833 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12111617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The microbiome of newborn infants during the first 1000 days, influenced early on by their mothers' microbiome health, mode of delivery and breast feeding, orchestrates the education and programming of the infant's immune system and determines in large part the general health of the infant for years. METHODS PubMed was reviewed for maternal infant microbiome health and microbiota therapy in this setting with prebiotics, probiotics, vaginal seeding and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). RESULTS A healthy nonobese mother, vaginal delivery and strict breast feeding contribute to microbiome health in a newborn and young infant. With reduced microbiome diversity (dysbiosis) during pregnancy, cesarean delivery, prematurity, and formula feeding contribute to dysbiosis in the newborn. Microbiota therapy is an important approach to repair dysbiosis in pregnant women and their infants. Currently available probiotics can have favorable metabolic effects on mothers and infants, but these effects are variable. In research settings, reversal of infant dysbiosis can be achieved via vaginal seeding or FMT. Next generation probiotics in development should replace current probiotics and FMT. CONCLUSIONS The most critical phase of human microbiome development is in the first 2-3 years of life. Preventing and treating dysbiosis during pregnancy and early life can have a profound effect on an infant's later health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert L. DuPont
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Kelsey Research Foundation, Houston, TX 77005, USA
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13
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Wang Y, Florez ID, Morgan RL, Foroutan F, Chang Y, Crandon HN, Zeraatkar D, Bala MM, Mao RQ, Tao B, Shahid S, Wang X, Beyene J, Offringa M, Sherman PM, El Gouhary E, Guyatt GH, Sadeghirad B. Probiotics, Prebiotics, Lactoferrin, and Combination Products for Prevention of Mortality and Morbidity in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. JAMA Pediatr 2023; 177:1158-1167. [PMID: 37782505 PMCID: PMC10546299 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.3849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Importance Modulation of intestinal microbiome by administering probiotics, prebiotics, or both may prevent morbidity and mortality in premature infants. Objective To assess the comparative effectiveness of alternative prophylactic strategies through a network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomized clinical trials. Data Sources MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science Citation Index Expanded, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Google Scholar from inception until May 10, 2023. Study Selection Eligible trials tested probiotics, prebiotics, lactoferrin, and combination products for prevention of morbidity or mortality in preterm infants. Data Extraction and Synthesis A frequentist random-effects model was used for the NMA, and the certainty of evidence and inferences regarding relative effectiveness were assessed using the GRADE approach. Main Outcomes and Measures All-cause mortality, severe necrotizing enterocolitis, culture-proven sepsis, feeding intolerance, time to reach full enteral feeding, and duration of hospitalization. Results A total of 106 trials involving 25 840 preterm infants were included. Only multiple-strain probiotics were associated with reduced all-cause mortality compared with placebo (risk ratio [RR], 0.69; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.86; risk difference [RD], -1.7%; 95% CI, -2.4% to -0.8%). Multiple-strain probiotics alone (vs placebo: RR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.30 to 0.50; RD, -3.7%; 95% CI, -4.1% to -2.9%) or in combination with oligosaccharides (vs placebo: RR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.37; RD, -5.1%; 95% CI, -5.6% to -3.7%) were among the most effective interventions reducing severe necrotizing enterocolitis. Single-strain probiotics in combination with lactoferrin (vs placebo RR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.14 to 0.78; RD, -10.7%; 95% CI, -13.7% to -3.5%) were the most effective intervention for reducing sepsis. Multiple-strain probiotics alone (RR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.46 to 0.80; RD, -10.0%; 95% CI, -13.9% to -5.1%) or in combination with oligosaccharides (RR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.29 to 0.67; RD, -14.1%; 95% CI, -18.3% to -8.5%) and single-strain probiotics (RR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.51 to 0.72; RD, -10.0%; 95% CI, -12.6% to -7.2%) proved of best effectiveness in reduction of feeding intolerance vs placebo. Single-strain probiotics (MD, -1.94 days; 95% CI, -2.96 to -0.92) and multistrain probiotics (MD, -2.03 days; 95% CI, -3.04 to -1.02) proved the most effective in reducing the time to reach full enteral feeding compared with placebo. Only single-strain and multistrain probiotics were associated with greater effectiveness compared with placebo in reducing duration of hospitalization (MD, -3.31 days; 95% CI, -5.05 to -1.58; and MD, -2.20 days; 95% CI, -4.08 to -0.31, respectively). Conclusions and Relevance In this systematic review and NMA, moderate- to high-certainty evidence demonstrated an association between multistrain probiotics and reduction in all-cause mortality; these interventions were also associated with the best effectiveness for other key outcomes. Combination products, including single- and multiple-strain probiotics combined with prebiotics or lactoferrin, were associated with the largest reduction in morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Wang
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (HEI), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ivan D. Florez
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (HEI), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Clínica Las Americas-AUNA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Rebecca L. Morgan
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (HEI), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Farid Foroutan
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (HEI), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yaping Chang
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (HEI), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Holly N. Crandon
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dena Zeraatkar
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (HEI), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Malgorzata M. Bala
- Department of Hygiene and Dietetics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Randi Q. Mao
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brendan Tao
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shaneela Shahid
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joseph Beyene
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (HEI), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin Offringa
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philip M. Sherman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Enas El Gouhary
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gordon H. Guyatt
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (HEI), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Behnam Sadeghirad
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (HEI), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Miao L, Liu YL. Research Advances in Targeted Therapy for Heart Failure. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2023; 24:276. [PMID: 39077559 PMCID: PMC11262442 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2410276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is one of the major diseases threatening the health of Chinese residents, and the death rate has long been the highest on the disease spectrum in China. With the progress of population aging, the prevalence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases remain on the rise, and the current treatment effect on and prognosis of heart failure (HF) are not satisfactory. It is particularly important to explore the potential pathogenic mechanisms of HF and identify new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Miao
- Department of Cardiology, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Affiliated of Guangxi
Medical University, 545006 Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Yan-Li Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Affiliated of Guangxi
Medical University, 545006 Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
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15
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Roson-Calero N, Ballesté-Delpierre C, Fernández J, Vila J. Insights on Current Strategies to Decolonize the Gut from Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria: Pros and Cons. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1074. [PMID: 37370393 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12061074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, we have witnessed a steady increase in infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. These infections are associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Several interventions should be taken to reduce the emergence and spread of MDR bacteria. The eradication of resistant pathogens colonizing specific human body sites that would likely cause further infection in other sites is one of the most conventional strategies. The objective of this narrative mini-review is to compile and discuss different strategies for the eradication of MDR bacteria from gut microbiota. Here, we analyse the prevalence of MDR bacteria in the community and the hospital and the clinical impact of gut microbiota colonisation with MDR bacteria. Then, several strategies to eliminate MDR bacteria from gut microbiota are described and include: (i) selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) using a cocktail of antibiotics; (ii) the use of pre and probiotics; (iii) fecal microbiota transplantation; (iv) the use of specific phages; (v) engineered CRISPR-Cas Systems. This review intends to provide a state-of-the-art of the most relevant strategies to eradicate MDR bacteria from gut microbiota currently being investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Roson-Calero
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Ballesté-Delpierre
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Fernández
- Liver ICU, Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure (EF-Clif), 08021 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Vila
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Biomedical Diagnostic Center, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Fan Y, Ying J, Ma H, Cui H. Microbiota-related metabolites fueling the understanding of ischemic heart disease. IMETA 2023; 2:e94. [PMID: 38868424 PMCID: PMC10989774 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Up-to-date knowledge of gut microbial taxa associated with ischemic heart disease (IHD). Microbial metabolites for mechanistic dissection of IHD pathology. Microbiome-based therapies in IHD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Fan
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceNingboChina
| | - Jiajun Ying
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceNingboChina
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First HospitalNingbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Hongchuang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceNingboChina
| | - Hanbin Cui
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceNingboChina
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First HospitalNingbo UniversityNingboChina
- Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular DiseaseNingboChina
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17
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Chen D, Liang Y, Liang J, Shen F, Cheng Y, Qu H, Wa Y, Guo C, Gu R, Qian J, Chen X, Zhang C, Guan C. Beneficial effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus hsryfm 1301 fermented milk on rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:1533-1548. [PMID: 36710180 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A growing stream of research suggests that probiotic fermented milk has a good effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. This work aimed to study the beneficial effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus hsryfm 1301 fermented milk (fermented milk) on rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease induced by a high-fat diet. The results showed that the body weight and the serum levels of total cholesterol, total glyceride, low-density lipoprotein, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, free fatty acid, and reactive oxygen species were significantly increased in rats fed a high-fat diet (M) for 8 wk, whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and superoxide dismutase were significantly decreased. However, the body weight and the serum levels of total cholesterol, total glyceride, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, free fatty acid, reactive oxygen species, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 were significantly decreased with fermented milk (T) for 8 wk, and the number of fat vacuoles in hepatocytes was lower than that in the M group. There were significant differences in 19 metabolites in serum between the M group and the C group (administration of nonfermented milk) and in 17 metabolites between the T group and the M group. The contents of 7 different metabolites, glycine, glycerophosphocholine, 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, thioetheramide-PC, d-aspartic acid, oleic acid, and l-glutamate, were significantly increased in the M group rat serum, and l-palmitoyl carnitine, N6-methyl-l-lysine, thymine, and 2-oxadipic acid were significantly decreased. In the T group rat serum, the contents of 8 different metabolites-1-O-(cis-9-octadecenyl)-2-O-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, acetylcarnitine, glycine, glycerophosphocholine, 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, d-aspartic acid, oleic acid, and l-glutamate were significantly decreased, whereas creatinine and thymine were significantly increased. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed that 50 metabolic pathways were enriched in the M/C group and T/M group rat serum, of which 12 metabolic pathways were significantly different, mainly distributed in lipid metabolism, amino acid, and endocrine system metabolic pathways. Fermented milk ameliorated inflammation, oxygenation, and hepatocyte injury by regulating lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolic pathways, and related metabolites in the serum of rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China; Jiangsu Yuhang Food Technology Co., Ltd., Yancheng 224200, China
| | - Yating Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Jiaojiao Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Feifei Shen
- Yangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Hengxian Qu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Yunchao Wa
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Congcong Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Ruixia Gu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Jianya Qian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Xia Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Chengran Guan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China.
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ESBL Displace: A Protocol for an Observational Study to Identify Displacing Escherichia coli Strain Candidates from ESBL-Colonized Travel Returners Using Phenotypic, Genomic Sequencing and Metagenome Analysis. MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres14010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Invading extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-PE), non-ESBL E. coli, and other bacteria form a complex environment in the gut. The duration and dynamics of ESBL-PE colonization varies among individuals. Understanding the factors associated with colonization may lead to decolonization strategies. In this study, we aim to identify (i) single E. coli strains and (ii) microbiome networks that correlate with retention or decline of colonization, and (iii) pan-sensitive E. coli strains that potentially could be used to displace ESBL-PE during colonization. Methods and analysis: We recruit healthy travellers to Southeast Asia for a one-year prospective observational follow-up study. We collect and biobank stool, serum, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) at predefined timepoints. Additional information is collected with questionnaires. We determine the colonization status with ESBL-PE and non-ESBL E. coli and quantify cell densities in stools and ratios over time. We characterize multiple single bacterial isolates per patient and timepoint using whole genome sequencing (WGS) and 16S/ITS amplicon-based and shotgun metagenomics. We determine phylogenetic relationships between isolates, antimicrobial resistance (AMR; phenotypic and genotypic), and virulence genes. We describe the bacterial and fungal stool microbiome alpha and beta diversity on 16S/ITS metagenomic data. We describe patterns in microbiome dynamics to identify features associated with protection or risk of ESBL-PE colonization. Ethics and dissemination: The study is registered (clinicaltrials.gov; NCT04764500 on 09/02/2019) and approved by the Ethics Committee (EKNZ project ID 2019-00044). We will present anonymized results at conferences and in scientific journals. Bacterial sequencing data will be shared via publicly accessible databases according to FAIR principles.
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Shi K, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Bi Y, Zeng X, Wang X. Association between probiotic therapy and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis B-related cirrhosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 12:1104399. [PMID: 36710968 PMCID: PMC9880196 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1104399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Probiotics may offer cancer-prevention benefits, based on experimental investigation results. This study aimed to determine the potential association between probiotics and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with hepatitis B-related cirrhosis (HBC) receiving antiviral therapy. Design This retrospective study included 1267 patients with HBC treated with entecavir or tenofovir between January 2013 and December 2017. The risk of developing HCC was compared between two cohorts of 449 probiotic users (taking a cumulative defined daily doses [cDDD] of ≥ 28) and 818 non-probiotic users (< 28 cDDD). To eliminate the bias caused by confounding factors, propensity score matching (PSM) was used. Results On multivariate regression analysis, probiotic consumption was an independent protective factor for HCC occurrence. After PSM, the incidence of HCC was significantly lower in the probiotic users than that in the nonusers (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 0.70, 95% confidence interval: 0.59-0.83, P < 0.001). The aHRs for probiotics with 28-89, 90-180, and >180 cDDD were 0.58, 0.28, and 0.12, respectively, indicating a dose-response pattern. In 28-89, 90-180, and >180 cDDD, the 3-year cumulative incidence of HCC was 8.7%, 4.7%, and 3.0%, respectively. A multivariate stratified analysis confirmed that the administration of probiotics could help patients. Conclusion Adjuvant probiotic therapy may reduce the risk of HCC in patients receiving antiviral medication for HBC. However, further clinical research is required to confirm these findings.
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Yalçın S, Ramay MS, Güntürkün OB, Yalçın SS, Ahlat O, Yalçın S, Özkaya M. Efficacy of mono- and multistrain synbiotics supplementation in modifying performance, caecal fermentation, intestinal health, meat and bone quality, and some blood biochemical indices in broilers. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2023; 107:262-274. [PMID: 35436371 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The superiority of synbiotics in terms of their biological effects depends primarily on a suitable combination of both components, pro-biotic and pre-biotic. The present study was conducted to compare the efficacy of mono- and multistrain synbiotics on overall performance, caecal fermentation, intestinal health, meat and bone quality along with some blood biochemical indices in broilers. A total of 231, 1-day-old male Ross 308, broiler chicks were randomly assigned to three experimental groups using 11 replicates each and seven chicks/replicate. The dietary treatments included control group with no synbiotic supplementation, monostrain (Maflor) and multistrain (Maflor plus) synbiotic groups with 1 g/kg of added synbiotics each. Synbiotics feeding significantly improved animal performance with a clear impact on meat quality in terms of low-fat, optimum ultimate pH24, higher water holding capacity, and lower drip and cooking losses. Of the two synbiotics, multistrain seemed to have responded better in modifying small intestinal epithelia and fermentation metabolites, although both synbiotics were comparable in reducing the pathogen load. Load-bearing capacity of both leg bones (femur and tibia) was also enhanced with synbiotics supplementation, which was also reflected in their mineral profile. The blood serum biochemical analysis showed a reduction in circulating cholesterol and triglycerides levels and an increment in IgA and IgG concentrations. In conclusion, the remarkable efficacy of tested synbiotics in providing higher growth, better meat quality in tandem with the optimum gut environment, lower pathogen load, healthy epithelia, immunomodulation, hypocholesterolemic, and hypotriglyceridemic effects affirms their great potential to be used as feed additives in broiler diets. Contrary to our expectations, the effectiveness of a mono-strain in comparison to multistrain synbiotic in improving almost all the features investigated was also notable. Further evaluation under challenging conditions should be explicitly conducted to achieve more comprehensive results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakine Yalçın
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Shazaib Ramay
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | - Ozan Ahlat
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Suzan Yalçın
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Özkaya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, KTO Karatay University, Konya, Turkey
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Tang HJ, Chen CC, Lu YC, Huang HL, Chen HJ, Chuang YC, Lai CC, Chao CM. The effect of Lactobacillus with prebiotics on KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1050247. [PMID: 36569071 PMCID: PMC9767986 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1050247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study investigated the inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus spp. with prebiotics against Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-2 (KPC-2)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae using both in vitro experiments and animal models. Methods Thirty-three Lactobacillus spp. strains were confirmed by 16S rDNA sequencing, and four different PFGE genotyped KPC-2-producing K. pneumoniae strains were selected for investigation. In vitro studies, including broth microdilution assays, changes in pH values in lactobacilli cultures with different prebiotics, time-kill tests of Lactobacillus spp. against KPC-2-producing K. pneumoniae and further in vivo Lactobacillus alone or in combination with prebiotics against KPC-2-producing K. pneumoniae in an animal model, were performed. Results The lower pH value of the cell-free supernatant was associated with a lower minimal inhibitory percentage of the Lactobacillus strain against KPC-2-producing K. pneumoniae. Furthermore, lactulose/isomalto-oligosaccharide/inulin and fructo-oligosaccharide can enhance the inhibitory effect of all 107 CFU/ml Lactobacillus strains against KPC001. Three Lactobacillus strains (LYC1154, LYC1322, and LYC1511) that could be persistently detected in the stool were tested for their ability to reduce the amount of KPC001 in the feces individually or in combination. A significantly better effect in reducing the amount of KPC001 was observed for the combination of three different Lactobacillus species than for each of them alone. Furthermore, their inhibitory effect was enhanced after adding lactulose or isomalto-oligosaccharide (both p < 0.05). Conclusion This study demonstrates the inhibitory effect of probiotic Lactobacillus, including LYC1154, LYC1322, and LYC1511, with prebiotics such as lactulose or isomalto-oligosaccharide against the colonization of KPC-2-producing K. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Jen Tang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan,Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chung Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chen Lu
- Department of Food Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Huang
- Department of Food Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jui Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Ching Chuang
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Lai
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ming Chao
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Chien-Ming Chao,
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Sverchkova NV, Akhremchuk AE, Valentovich LN, Kolomiets EI. A Molecular Genetic Analysis of the Bacterial Genome of Bacillus velezensis BIM B‑454 D: The Basis of a Probiotic Preparation for Veterinary Practice. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683822100143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
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A Brief Review of Local Bacteriotherapy for Preventing Respiratory Infections. ALLERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/allergies2040013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent respiratory infections (RRIs) account for relevant economic and social implications and significantly affect family life. Local Bacteriotherapy (LB) represents an innovative option in preventing RRIs. Local bacteriotherapy consists of administering “good” and safe bacteria (probiotics) by nasal or oral route. In particular, two strains (Streptococcus salivarius 24SMB and Streptococcus oralis 89a) are commonly used. The present article presents and discusses the literature concerning LB. Infections of airways include the upper and lower respiratory tract. A series of clinical trials investigated the preventive role of LB in preventing upper and lower RIs. These studies demonstrated that LB safely reduced the prevalence and severity of RIs, the use of antibiotics, and absences from school. Therefore, Local Bacteriotherapy may be considered an interesting therapeutic option in RRI prevention.
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Elmaidomy AH, Shady NH, Abdeljawad KM, Elzamkan MB, Helmy HH, Tarshan EA, Adly AN, Hussien YH, Sayed NG, Zayed A, Abdelmohsen UR. Antimicrobial potentials of natural products against multidrug resistance pathogens: a comprehensive review. RSC Adv 2022; 12:29078-29102. [PMID: 36320761 PMCID: PMC9558262 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04884a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is one of the critical issues, describing a significant social health complication globally. Hence, the discovery of novel antibiotics has acquired an increased attention particularly against drug-resistant pathogens. Natural products have served as potent therapeutics against pathogenic bacteria since the glorious age of antibiotics of the mid 20th century. This review outlines the various mechanistic candidates for dealing with multi-drug resistant pathogens and explores the terrestrial phytochemicals isolated from plants, lichens, insects, animals, fungi, bacteria, mushrooms, and minerals with reported antimicrobial activity, either alone or in combination with conventional antibiotics. Moreover, newly established tools are presented, including prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, bacteriophages, nanoparticles, and bacteriocins, supporting the progress of effective antibiotics to address the emergence of antibiotic-resistant infectious bacteria. Therefore, the current article may uncover promising drug candidates that can be used in drug discovery in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer H Elmaidomy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University Beni-Suef 62511 Egypt
| | - Nourhan Hisham Shady
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone New Minia 61111 Egypt
| | | | | | - Hussein Hykel Helmy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone New Minia 61111 Egypt
| | - Emad Ashour Tarshan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone New Minia 61111 Egypt
| | - Abanoub Nabil Adly
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone New Minia 61111 Egypt
| | | | - Nesma Gamal Sayed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone New Minia 61111 Egypt
| | - Ahmed Zayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Elguish Street (Medical Campus) Tanta 31527 Egypt
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49 Kaiserslautern 67663 Germany
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone New Minia 61111 Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University Minia 61519 Egypt
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Therapeutic Antiaging Strategies. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102515. [PMID: 36289777 PMCID: PMC9599338 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging constitutes progressive physiological changes in an organism. These changes alter the normal biological functions, such as the ability to manage metabolic stress, and eventually lead to cellular senescence. The process itself is characterized by nine hallmarks: genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular communication. These hallmarks are risk factors for pathologies, such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Emerging evidence has been focused on examining the genetic pathways and biological processes in organisms surrounding these nine hallmarks. From here, the therapeutic approaches can be addressed in hopes of slowing the progression of aging. In this review, data have been collected on the hallmarks and their relative contributions to aging and supplemented with in vitro and in vivo antiaging research experiments. It is the intention of this article to highlight the most important antiaging strategies that researchers have proposed, including preventive measures, systemic therapeutic agents, and invasive procedures, that will promote healthy aging and increase human life expectancy with decreased side effects.
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Li Y, Zhou Y, Liu H, Wei C, Chen S, Hua Z, Xu Y, Wu Y, Li W. Correlation Between Different Antidiarrheal Treatments and Changes in Chemical Components of Allii Sativi Bulbus Before and After Steaming Treatment Based on Flora Sequencing and In Vitro Experiments. J Med Food 2022; 25:971-981. [PMID: 36194071 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.k.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the changes in the main active ingredients and pharmacodynamic differences in the therapeutic effect of garlic before and after steaming and the correlation between them. The main active ingredients in raw garlic products (RGPs) and steamed garlic products (SGPs) were determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography and ultraviolet spectroscopy. Acute rapid diarrhea (AD) and antibiotic-induced diarrhea (DD) models were established in rats, and each group was treated with RGP and SGP, respectively. The main chemical components of garlic changed before and after steaming. Garlicin and alliinase were only found in RGP, whereas only alliin was found in SGP. Both RGP and SGP contained garlic polysaccharides. For in vivo experiments on AD, the average rate of loose stools was 100.00 ± 0.00, 31.55 ± 11.76, and 19.14 ± 6.62 in the RGP high-dose and SGP high-dose treatment groups, respectively; in DD, the rates were 91.11 ± 14.40, 19.33 ± 3.63, and 30.56 ± 4.30, respectively (P < .01, treatment vs. model groups). In AD, the average grade of loose stools was 2.33 ± 0.52 and 1.83 ± 0.75 in the model and RGP high-dose treatment groups, respectively (P < .05); in DD, the values were 2.17 ± 0.41 in the model group and 1.67 ± 0.52 in the SGP high-dose treatment group (P < .05). RGP had a better therapeutic effect on AD, mainly related to the antibacterial effect of garlicin in RGP. SGP had a better therapeutic effect on DD, mainly related to the alliin and garlic polysaccharide in SGP. This study could provide evidence to support the clinical use of garlic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaqian Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Huanjin Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenxu Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuli Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengying Hua
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Weidong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Shaaban S, Hamad GM, Genena S, Meheissen MA, Moussa S. Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of Lactobacilli probiotics supernatants against Enterococcus faecalis (in-vitro study). BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:407. [PMID: 36117178 PMCID: PMC9484162 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02434-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is an increasing demand to find a potent antibacterial agent against endodontic pathogens with the least toxic effect. The study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Lactobacilli probiotics on Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) in comparison to calcium hydroxide paste. Methods The study involved two stages; (stage one): determination of the antibacterial properties of three strains of Lactobacilli probiotics supernatants (PS); Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and a cocktail mix of the three supernatants against E. faecalis using agar well diffusion method in both solution and gel phase. The formed zones of inhibition (ZOI) were measured in millimeters (mm) and compared to each other. PS solution and gel of the largest ZOI were further compared with calcium hydroxide paste (35% Ultra Cal XS Ca(OH)2) This was followed by (stage two): assessment of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the PS that showed the largest ZOI against E. faecalis by agar well diffusion assay for both PS solution and gel. Results All supernatants showed growth inhibition against E. faecalis, and the cocktail mix showed the largest ZOI. However, no significant difference was found between the supernatants in both the solution and gel phases (p > 0.05). Ca(OH)2 showed a significantly lower effect than both the cocktail mix solution and gel (p < 0.05). The MIC of the cocktail mix solution and gel against E. faecalis was 50 mg/ml. (p > 0.05). Conclusion PS has an antibacterial effect on E. faecalis and was more effective than Ca(OH)2.Lactobacilli probiotics could be a promising antibacterial agent used as an irrigant or an intracanal medication.
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Probiotics for the Prevention of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10081450. [PMID: 36011108 PMCID: PMC9408191 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10081450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Several communities have started using probiotic-rich fermented foods as therapeutic options with presumed medicinal powers. We now know the importance of microbiome balance and how probiotics can restore imbalances in the microbiome. Probiotics have been tested for a number of clinical uses such as the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD), the treatment of various diseases such as H. pylori infection, irritable bowel disease, vaginitis, the prevention of allergies, and necrotizing enterocolitis in newborns. AAD has been the most indicated therapeutic use for probiotics. AAD is a common side effect of antibiotic usage, which affects up to 30% of patients. The hypothesis behind using probiotics for AAD is that they help normalize an unbalanced flora. There are many potential mechanisms by which probiotics support intestinal health such as (i) boosting immunity, (ii) increasing gut barrier integrity, (iii) producing antimicrobial substances, (iv) modulating the gut microbiome, (v) increasing water absorption, and (vi) decreasing opportunistic pathogens. Many randomized-controlled trials including the strain-specific trials that use Lactobacillus and Saccharomyces and meta-analyses have shown the benefits of probiotics in addressing AAD. Although adverse events have been reported for probiotics, these are broadly considered to be a safe and inexpensive preventative treatment option for AAD and other gastrointestinal disorders.
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Forlano R, Sivakumar M, Mullish BH, Manousou P. Gut Microbiota—A Future Therapeutic Target for People with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158307. [PMID: 35955434 PMCID: PMC9368436 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents an increasing cause of liver disease, affecting one-third of the population worldwide. Despite many medications being in the pipeline to treat the condition, there is still no pharmaceutical agent licensed to treat the disease. As intestinal bacteria play a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of liver damage in patients with NAFLD, it has been suggested that manipulating the microbiome may represent a therapeutical option. In this review, we summarise the latest evidence supporting the manipulation of the intestinal microbiome as a potential therapy for treating liver disease in patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Forlano
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London W2 1NY, UK; (R.F.); (B.H.M.)
| | - Mathuri Sivakumar
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
| | - Benjamin H. Mullish
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London W2 1NY, UK; (R.F.); (B.H.M.)
| | - Pinelopi Manousou
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London W2 1NY, UK; (R.F.); (B.H.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Involvement of the Intestinal Microbiota in the Appearance of Multiple Sclerosis: Aloe vera and Citrus bergamia as Potential Candidates for Intestinal Health. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132711. [PMID: 35807891 PMCID: PMC9269320 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological and inflammatory autoimmune disease of the Central Nervous System in which selective activation of T and B lymphocytes prompts a reaction against myelin, inducing demyelination and axonal loss. Although MS is recognized to be an autoimmune pathology, the specific causes are many; thus, to date, it has been considered a disorder resulting from environmental factors in genetically susceptible individuals. Among the environmental factors hypothetically involved in MS, nutrition seems to be well related, although the role of nutritional factors is still unclear. The gut of mammals is home to a bacterial community of about 2000 species known as the “microbiota”, whose composition changes throughout the life of each individual. There are five bacterial phylas that make up the microbiota in healthy adults: Firmicutes (79.4%), Bacteroidetes (16.9%), Actinobacteria (2.5%), Proteobacteria (1%) and Verrucomicrobia (0.1%). The diversity and abundance of microbial populations justifies a condition known as eubiosis. On the contrary, the state of dysbiosis refers to altered diversity and abundance of the microbiota. Many studies carried out in the last few years have demonstrated that there is a relationship between the intestinal microflora and the progression of multiple sclerosis. This correlation was also demonstrated by the discovery that patients with MS, treated with specific prebiotics and probiotics, have greatly increased bacterial diversity in the intestinal microbiota, which might be otherwise reduced or absent. In particular, natural extracts of Aloe vera and bergamot fruits, rich in polyphenols and with a high percentage of polysaccharides (mostly found in indigestible and fermentable fibers), appear to be potential candidates to re-equilibrate the gut microbiota in MS patients. The present review article aims to assess the pathophysiological mechanisms that reveal the role of the microbiota in the development of MS. In addition, the potential for supplementing patients undergoing early stages of MS with Aloe vera as well as bergamot fibers, on top of conventional drug treatments, is discussed.
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Pan X, Cai Y, Kong L, Xiao C, Zhu Q, Song Z. Probiotic Effects of Bacillus licheniformis DSM5749 on Growth Performance and Intestinal Microecological Balance of Laying Hens. Front Nutr 2022; 9:868093. [PMID: 35571886 PMCID: PMC9093703 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.868093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Bacillus licheniformis DSM5749 on the production performance and intestinal health in laying hens. A total of 32-week-old laying hens (Hyline Brown) were randomly assigned to two dietary groups (10 replicates of 27 laying hens), namely, basal diet and basal diet complemented with 200 g/t B. licheniformis (3.2 × 109 CFU/kg). The trial lasted for 8 weeks, and samples were collected at the last week. Results revealed that B. licheniformis DSM5749 significantly improved laying performance, including an increase in egg production rate and average daily egg yield, and a decrease in the feed-to-egg ratio during the entire 8-week experimental period (P < 0.05). B. licheniformis DSM5749 increased the levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the liver and decreased the IL-1 level in the serum (P < 0.05). In addition, the integrity of intestinal morphology (villus height, crypt depth, and villus height/crypt depth), tight junctions (ZO-1, Claudin-1, and Occludin), and lipase vitality in the intestine were potentiated by B. licheniformis DSM5749 in laying hens (P < 0.05). B. licheniformis DSM5749 decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (P < 0.05) in the cecum. Furthermore, B. licheniformis DSM5749 modulated the microbiota in the cecum of the laying hens, increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria (e.g., Prevotella) at the genus level and decreased the relative abundance of potential pathogens (e.g., Desulfovibrio). In conclusion, B. licheniformis DSM5749 can improve laying performance, promote intestinal health, affect the composition of cecal microorganisms, and regulate the intestinal micro-ecological balance, making B. licheniformis a good probiotic candidate for application in the laying hens industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Pan
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Yuanli Cai
- College of Life Science, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Linglian Kong
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Chuanpi Xiao
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Qidong Zhu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Zhigang Song
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
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The Alleviation of Gut Microbiota-Induced Depression and Colitis in Mice by Anti-Inflammatory Probiotics NK151, NK173, and NK175. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102080. [PMID: 35631220 PMCID: PMC9147079 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota dysbiosis is strongly associated with psychiatric disorders and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Herein, we examined whether the fecal microbiota of IBD patients with depression (IBDD) and their gut microbiota culture (iGm) could cause depression and colitis in mice and anti-inflammatory probiotics could mitigate depression in iGm-transplanted or immobilization stress (IS)-exposed mice. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from IBDD patients, which exhibited Enterobacteriaceae-rich gut microbiota, and its gut microbiota culture (iGm) increased depression-like behaviors in mice. Their treatments heightened the blood lipopolysaccharide (LPS) level and colonic IL-1β and IL-6 expression. However, FMT from healthy volunteers or sulfasalazine treatment alleviated cGm-induced depressive-like behaviors and hippocampal and colonic inflammation in mice. Moreover, oral administration of Lactobacillus plantarum NK151, Bifidobacterium longum NK173, and Bifidobacterium bifidum NK175, which inhibited LPS-induced IL-6 expression in macrophages, alleviated cGm-induced depression-like behaviors, hippocampal NF-κB+Iba1+ cell numbers and IL-1β and IL-6 expression, blood LPS, IL-6, and creatinine levels, and colonic NF-κB+CD11c+ number and IL-1β and IL-6 expression in mice. Treatment with NK151, NK173, or NK175 mitigated immobilization stress (IS)-induced depressive-like behaviors, neuroinflammation, and gut inflammation in mice. NK151, NK173, or NK175 also decreased IS-induced blood LPS, IL-6, and creatinine levels. The transplantation of Enterobacteriaceae-rich gut microbiota can cause depression and colitis, as IS exposure, and anti-inflammatory NK151, NK173, and NK175, may alleviate stress-induced fatigue, depression, and colitis by regulating the expression of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines through the suppression of gut bacterial LPS.
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Bhatti JS, Sehrawat A, Mishra J, Sidhu IS, Navik U, Khullar N, Kumar S, Bhatti GK, Reddy PH. Oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and related complications: Current therapeutics strategies and future perspectives. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 184:114-134. [PMID: 35398495 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a persistent metabolic disorder rising rapidly worldwide. It is characterized by pancreatic insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Hyperglycemia induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and oxidative stress are correlated with the pathogenesis and progression of this metabolic disease. To counteract the harmful effects of ROS, endogenous antioxidants of the body or exogenous antioxidants neutralise it and maintain bodily homeostasis. Under hyperglycemic conditions, the imbalance between the cellular antioxidant system and ROS production results in oxidative stress, which subsequently results in the development of diabetes. These ROS are produced in the endoplasmic reticulum, phagocytic cells and peroxisomes, with the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) playing a pivotal role. The exacerbated ROS production can directly cause structural and functional modifications in proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. It also modulates several intracellular signaling pathways that lead to insulin resistance and impairment of β-cell function. In addition, the hyperglycemia-induced ROS production contributes to micro- and macro-vascular diabetic complications. Various in-vivo and in-vitro studies have demonstrated the anti-oxidative effects of natural products and their derived bioactive compounds. However, there is conflicting clinical evidence on the beneficial effects of these antioxidant therapies in diabetes prevention. This review article focused on the multifaceted role of oxidative stress caused by ROS overproduction in diabetes and related complications and possible antioxidative therapeutic strategies targeting ROS in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.
| | - Abhishek Sehrawat
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.
| | - Jayapriya Mishra
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.
| | - Inderpal Singh Sidhu
- Department of Zoology, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Sector 26, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Umashanker Navik
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.
| | - Naina Khullar
- Department of Zoology, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India.
| | - Shashank Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.
| | - Gurjit Kaur Bhatti
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA; Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA; Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA; Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.
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Vitacolonna E, Masulli M, Palmisano L, Stuppia L, Franzago M. Inositols, Probiotics, and Gestational Diabetes: Clinical and Epigenetic Aspects. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081543. [PMID: 35458105 PMCID: PMC9028601 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in the potential role of different stereoisomers of inositol or their combination as well as probiotics supplementation in healthy glucose metabolism during pregnancy and in promoting offspring health. The aim of this review is to clarify the effects of several inositol and probiotics-based supplements in the prevention and treatment of gestational diabetes (GDM). Moreover, we will discuss the epigenetic aspects and their short- and long-term effects in response to probiotic intervention as well as the possible implications of these findings in guiding appropriate supplementation regimens in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Vitacolonna
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Maria Masulli
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.M.); (L.P.)
| | - Luisa Palmisano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.M.); (L.P.)
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marica Franzago
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
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Sriwichaiin S, Kittichotirat W, Chunchai T, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Profiles of gut microbiota in obese-insulin-resistant rats treated with biotics. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:2493-2505. [PMID: 35199196 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02839-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our previous studies demonstrated the beneficial effects of the probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei HII01, prebiotic xylooligosaccharide (XOS), and synbiotics on several parameters in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. However, the gut microbiota composition in these rats has not been investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of biotic therapies on gut microbiota in HFD-induced obese-insulin-resistant rats. METHODS Male Wistar rats were fed with a normal diet (ND, n = 5) and a HFD (n = 20) for 24 weeks. At week 13, HFD-fed rats were given either a probiotic (L. paracasei, HF-Pro, n = 5), prebiotic (XOS, HF-Pre, n = 5), synbiotic (XOS + L. paracasei, HF-Syn, n = 5), or vehicle (HF-V, n = 5) for 12 weeks. ND-fed rats received vehicle (ND-V, n = 5). At week 24, all rats were decapitated, and metabolic parameters and gut microbiota were analyzed. RESULTS HF-V rats developed an obese-insulin-resistant condition as indicated by impaired metabolic parameters. The prebiotic and synbiotic restored those metabolic parameters to the same level of ND-V rats. The gut microbiota composition of ND-V and HF-V rats differed as indicated by beta diversity. Verrucomicrobia in ND-V rats and Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in HF-V rats were dominant. Interestingly, Verrucomicrobia was also prominent in the HF-Syn rats. HF-Pre rats showed a distinct gut microbiota the predominant family being Ruminococcaceae. CONCLUSION The changes in gut microbiota after HFD consumption included increased Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. The treatment with the prebiotic and synbiotic showed an association with the increase in Ruminococcaceae and Verrucomicrobia, respectively. These changes in gut microbiota due to biotics may mediate the beneficial effects on metabolic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirawit Sriwichaiin
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Weerayuth Kittichotirat
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology and School of Information Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand.,Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Research Group, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Titikorn Chunchai
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. .,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. .,Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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Guo X, Yan Z, Wang J, Fan X, Kang J, Niu R, Sun Z. Effect of traditional chinese medicine (TCM) and its fermentation using Lactobacillus plantarum on ceftriaxone sodium-induced dysbacteriotic diarrhea in mice. Chin Med 2022; 17:20. [PMID: 35139871 PMCID: PMC8827261 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00575-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Buzhongyiqi decoction (BD), Sijunzi decoction (SD), and Shenlingbaizhu decoction (SHD) have been extensively used clinically for the treatment of diseases caused by spleen-Qi deficiency and microbial fermentation has historically been utilized in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). This study aimed to investigate the mitigative effect of TCM and fermented TCM (FTCM) with Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) on antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and to select an optimal formula and then identify its compounds. Methods Dysbacteriosis in mice was induced by ceftriaxone sodium (CS). The mice were then treated with LP, BD, SD, SHD, fermented BD, fermented SD (FSD), and fermented SHD. Diarrhea indexes, the abundances of gut bacteria, intestinal morphometrics, and mRNA expressions of genes related to intestinal barrier function were assessed. Then, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) were employed to identify and relatively quantify the compounds in the selected decoctions. Results CS significantly increased the fecal output weight, the total number of fecal output, and fecal water content, indicating the occurrence of diarrhea. Bacterial culture tests showed that the above symptoms were accompanied by the disruption of specific intestinal flora. TCM, LP, and FTCM alleviated the diarrhea index and recovered the intestinal microbiota. FTCM showed more advantageous than TCM or LP alone. The mRNA expressions of aquaporins (AQPs) and tight junctions (TJs) decreased by CS were enhanced by TCM, LP, and FTCM. In addition, through UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS, (S)-(-)-2-hydroxyisocaproic acid, L-methionine, 4-guanidinobutyric acid (4GBA), and phenyllactate (PLA) in SD and FSD were identified and relatively quantified. Conclusions TCM, LP, and TCM fermented with LP alleviated CS-induced diarrhea symptoms, and improved the intestinal flora and barrier function. Four compounds including (S)-(-)-2-hydroxyisocaproic acid, L-methionine, 4GBA, and PLA in FSD, which were identified by UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS, might function in modulating intestinal flora and improving villi structure. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13020-022-00575-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Zipeng Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Jixiang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Xinfeng Fan
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Jie Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China.,Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang, 032200, China
| | - Ruiyan Niu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Zilong Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China.
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Abstract
Identifying ways to deal with the challenges presented by aging is an urgent task, as we are facing an aging society. External factors such as diet, exercise and drug therapy have proven to be major elements in controlling healthy aging and prolonging life expectancy. More recently, the intestinal microbiota has also become a key factor in the anti-aging process. As the intestinal microbiota changes with aging, an imbalance in intestinal microorganisms can lead to many age-related degenerative diseases and unhealthy aging. This paper reviews recent research progress on the relationship between intestinal microorganisms and anti-aging effects, focusing on the changes and beneficial effects of intestinal microorganisms under dietary intervention, exercise and drug intervention. In addition, bacteriotherapy has been used to prevent frailty and unhealthy aging. Most of these anti-aging approaches improve the aging process and age-related diseases by regulating the homeostasis of intestinal flora and promoting a healthy intestinal environment. Intervention practices based on intestinal microorganisms show great potential in the field of anti-aging medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjiao Du
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Zeng
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolan Fan
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Deying Yang
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingyao Yang
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,CONTACT Mingyao Yang Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan611130, P. R. China
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Ren M, Li H, Fu Z, Li Q. Centenarian-Sourced Lactobacillus casei Combined with Dietary Fiber Complex Ameliorates Brain and Gut Function in Aged Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:324. [PMID: 35057509 PMCID: PMC8781173 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary intervention could modulate age-related neurological disorders via the gut-brain axis. The potential roles of a probiotic and the dietary fiber complex (DFC) on brain and gut function in aged mice were investigated in this study. Lactobacillus casei LTL1361 and DFC were orally administrated for 12 weeks, and the learning and memory ability, as well as the oxidative parameters, inflammatory markers, gut barrier function and microbial metabolite short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), were investigated. LTL1361 and DFC supplementation ameliorated cognitive ability, attenuated oxidative stress in brain and inflammation in serum and colon, ameliorated gut barrier function, and increased the SCFA concentrations and gene expression of SCFA receptors. The protective effect was more significantly enhanced in aged mice treated with the combination of LTL1361 and DFC than treated with LTL1361 or DFC alone. These results could be associated with the protected morphology of pyramidal nerve cells in hippocampus of mice brain and the downregulation of apoptosis marker caspase-3 in brain and upregulation of tight junction proteins in small intestine and colon. The results indicated that Lactobacillus casei LTL1361 and DFC alleviated age-related cognitive impairment, as well as protected brain and gut function. Lactobacillus casei LTL1361 and DFC might be used as novel and promising antiaging agents in human.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Quanyang Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (M.R.); (H.L.); (Z.F.)
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Meyer-Myklestad MH, Medhus AW, Stiksrud B, Lorvik KB, Seljeflot I, Hansen SH, Holm K, Hov JR, Kvale D, Dyrhol-Riise AM, Kummen M, Trøseid M, Reikvam DH. Probiotics to HIV-Infected Immunological Nonresponders: Altered Mucosal Immunity and Microbial Diversity Restricted to Ileum. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2022; 89:77-86. [PMID: 34878437 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HIV-infected immunological nonresponders (INRs) have increased risk of non-AIDS morbidity and compromised gut barrier immunity. Probiotics are widely used to improve health. We assessed the effects of probiotics in INRs with a comprehensive analysis of gut immunity and microbiome in terminal ileum and sigmoid colon. METHODS The study involved clinical intervention with five-strain probiotic capsules (1.2 × 1010 CFUs/d) for 8 weeks in 20 INRs with CD4+ T-cell counts <400 cells/µL and plasma HIV RNA <50 copies/mL for more than 3.5 years. Colonoscopy with sampling of gut biopsies from terminal ileum and sigmoid colon and fecal and blood sampling were performed before and after the intervention. Flow cytometry (cytokine production, immune activation, and exhaustion), ELISA (inflammation, microbial translocation, and enterocyte damage), and 16S rRNA sequencing analyses were applied. RESULTS In the terminal ileum, increased alpha diversity, increased abundance of Bifidobacterium sp., and decreased frequencies of IL-22+ CD4+ T cells were observed. The increased abundance of Bifidobacterium sp. in the terminal ileum correlated with increased fraction of CD4+ T cells in the same compartment (r = 0.54, P = 0.05) and increased CD4/CD8 ratio in peripheral blood (r = 0.49, P = 0.05). There were no corresponding changes in the sigmoid colon and no changes in fecal microbiome. Probiotic intervention did not affect peripheral blood CD4 count, viral load, or soluble markers of inflammation and microbial translocation. CONCLUSIONS Probiotics induced segment-specific changes in the terminal ileum but did not affect systemic CD4 counts in INRs. Further clinical studies are warranted to recommend probiotics to INRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Holm Meyer-Myklestad
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Asle W Medhus
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo Norway
| | - Birgitte Stiksrud
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristina B Lorvik
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department for Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingebjørg Seljeflot
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cardiology Ullevål, Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Simen H Hansen
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ; and
| | - Kristian Holm
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ; and
| | - Johannes R Hov
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ; and
| | - Dag Kvale
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Margarita Dyrhol-Riise
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Martin Kummen
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ; and
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marius Trøseid
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ; and
| | - Dag Henrik Reikvam
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Governor Vessel Moxibustion Therapy Improves Microbiota Structure in Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:9370758. [PMID: 34966466 PMCID: PMC8712134 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9370758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Clinical studies have shown that ankylosing spondylitis (AS) could be significantly improved by Governor Vessel moxibustion (GVM) therapy. Objective Study whether GVM therapy alleviates the clinical symptoms of AS by modulating intestinal microbiota. Methods A total of 9 AS patients and 9 paired healthy individuals were enrolled, and GVM therapy was provided to the AS patients. Stool, urine, and saliva samples from the healthy individuals and the AS patients before and after GVM therapy were collected, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed for microbiota analysis. Results We found that GVM therapy can significantly alleviate the symptoms of AS, such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bloating. GVM therapy also decreased the abundances of Bacteroides and Prevotella while increasing the abundances of beneficial bacteria, such as Lactobacillus, in the gut microbiota of the AS patients. The analyses for AS clinical data and microbial abundances in AS patients revealed their multiple significant correlations (P < 0.01); for example, an unclassified crystal was positively correlated with AF12 and Delftia, monocyte had a negative correlation with Scardovia, and human leukocyte antigen-B27 was negatively correlated with Catenibacterium, Coprococcus, and Oscillospira. Conclusions Overall, these findings demonstrate that GVM therapy can alleviate AS clinical symptoms, and at the same time, it improves the microbial structure of microbiota in AS patients. This trial is registered with Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2100051907.
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Legumes and Legume-Based Beverages Fermented with Lactic Acid Bacteria as a Potential Carrier of Probiotics and Prebiotics. Microorganisms 2021; 10:microorganisms10010091. [PMID: 35056540 PMCID: PMC8779895 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fermentation is widely used in the processing of dairy, meat, and plant products. Due to the growing popularity of plant diets and the health benefits of consuming fermented products, there has been growing interest in the fermentation of plant products and the selection of microorganisms suitable for this process. The review provides a brief overview of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and their use in fermentation of legumes and legume-based beverages. Its scope also extends to prebiotic ingredients present in legumes and legume-based beverages that can support the growth of LAB. Legumes are a suitable matrix for the production of plant-based beverages, which are the most popular products among dairy alternatives. Legumes and legume-based beverages have been successfully fermented with LAB. Legumes are a natural source of ingredients with prebiotic properties, including oligosaccharides, resistant starch, polyphenols, and isoflavones. These compounds provide a broad range of important physiological benefits, including anti-inflammatory and immune regulation, as well as anti-cancer properties and metabolic regulation. The properties of legumes make it possible to use them to create synbiotic food, which is a source of probiotics and prebiotics.
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Kumari M, Singh P, Nataraj BH, Kokkiligadda A, Naithani H, Azmal Ali S, Behare PV, Nagpal R. Fostering next-generation probiotics in human gut by targeted dietary modulation: An emerging perspective. Food Res Int 2021; 150:110716. [PMID: 34865747 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence and an in-depth understanding of the microbiome have helped in identifying beneficial commensals and their therapeutic potentials. Specific commensal taxa/ strains of the human gut microbiome have been positively associated with human health and recently termed as next-generation probiotics (NGPs). Of these, Akkermansia muciniphila, Ruminococcus bromii, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Anaerobutyricum hallii, and Roseburia intestinalis are the five most relevant gut-derived NGPs that have demonstrated therapeutic potential in managing metabolic diseases. Specific and natural dietary interventions can modulate the abundance and activity of these beneficial bacteria in the gut. Hence, the understanding of targeted stimulation of specific NGP by specific probiotic-targeted diets (PTD) is indispensable for the rational application of their combination. The supplementation of NGP with its specific PTD will help the strain(s) to compete with harmful microbes and acquire its niche. This combination would enhance the effectiveness of NGPs to be used as "live biotherapeutic products" or food nutraceuticals. Under the current milieu, we review various PTDs that influence the abundance of specific potential NGPs, and contemplates potential interactions between diet, microbes, and their effects on host health. Taking into account the study mentioned, we propose that combining NGPs will provide an alternate solution for developing the new diet in conjunction with PTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manorama Kumari
- Technofunctional Starters Lab, National Collection of Dairy Cultures, Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Parul Singh
- Proteomics and Cell Biology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Basavaprabhu H Nataraj
- Technofunctional Starters Lab, National Collection of Dairy Cultures, Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Anusha Kokkiligadda
- Technofunctional Starters Lab, National Collection of Dairy Cultures, Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Harshita Naithani
- Technofunctional Starters Lab, National Collection of Dairy Cultures, Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Syed Azmal Ali
- Proteomics and Cell Biology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Pradip V Behare
- Technofunctional Starters Lab, National Collection of Dairy Cultures, Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India.
| | - Ravinder Nagpal
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
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Wang Y, Liu Y, Ivusic Polic I, Chandran Matheyambath A, LaPointe G. Modulation of human gut microbiota composition and metabolites by arabinogalactan and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum BB536 in the Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME®). J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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Influence of Human Age on the Prebiotic Effect of Pectin-Derived Oligosaccharides Obtained from Apple Pomace. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7040224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prebiotic effect of pectin-derived oligosaccharides (POS) obtained from apple pomace on the growth and metabolism of microbiota from the human gastrointestinal tract as a function of the age of the host. The counts of major bacterial groups Bifidobacterium sp., lactobacilli, Clostridium sp., Bacteroides sp., Enterococcus sp. and Enterobacteria were assessed during long-term in vitro fermentation of mixed cultures in a prebiotic medium. Comparative assessment of bacterial diversity in the human fecal microbiota was performed relative to the age of the host, from childhood to old age, through younger years and middle age. The age group of the host was found to be an important factor that determined the prebiotic effect of POS, which was related to both the qualitative and quantitative composition of fecal microbiota and its metabolism. In contrast to the microbiota of elderly subjects, the child-derived intestinal microbiota underwent significantly different alterations in terms of the proportion and composition of lactic acid bacteria, leading to a more favorable pattern of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and lactic acid levels.
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Cudrania tricuspidata Combined with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Modulate Gut Microbiota and Alleviate Obesity-Associated Metabolic Parameters in Obese Mice. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9091908. [PMID: 34576802 PMCID: PMC8468176 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the presented study was to investigate the synbiotic effects of L. rhamnosus 4B15 and C. tricuspidata extract administration on the gut microbiota and obesity-associated metabolic parameters in diet-induced obese mice. Thirty-one 6-week-old male C57BL/N6 mice were divided into five diet groups: normal diet (ND, n = 7) group; high-fat diet (HFD, n = 6) group; probiotic (PRO, n = 5) group; prebiotic (PRE, n = 7) group; and synbiotic (SYN, n = 6) group. After 10 weeks, the percent of fat mass, serum triglyceride, and ALT levels were significantly reduced in SYN-fed obese mice, compared with other treatments. SYN treatment also modulated the abundance of Desulfovibrio, Dorea, Adlercreutzia, Allobaculum, Coprococcus, unclassified Clostridiaceae, Lactobacillus, Helicobacter, Flexispira, Odoribacter, Ruminococcus, unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae, and unclassified Desulfovibrionaceae. These taxa showed a strong correlation with obesity-associated indices. Lastly, the SYN-supplemented diet upregulated metabolic pathways known to improve metabolic health. Further investigations are needed to understand the mechanisms driving the synbiotic effect of C. tricuspidata and L. rhamnosus 4B15.
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Fei Y, Chen Z, Han S, Zhang S, Zhang T, Lu Y, Berglund B, Xiao H, Li L, Yao M. Role of prebiotics in enhancing the function of next-generation probiotics in gut microbiota. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:1037-1054. [PMID: 34323634 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1958744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
With the development of high-throughput DNA sequencing and molecular analysis technologies, next-generation probiotics (NGPs) are increasingly gaining attention as live bacterial therapeutics for treatment of diseases. However, compared to traditional probiotics, NGPs are much more vulnerable to the harsh conditions in the human gastrointestinal tract, and their functional mechanisms in the gut are more complex. Prebiotics have been confirmed to play a critical role in improving the function and viability of traditional probiotics. Defined as substrates that are selectively utilized by host microorganisms conferring a health benefit, prebiotics are also important for NGPs. This review summarizes potential prebiotics for use with NGPs and clarifies their characteristics and functional mechanisms. Then we particularly focus on illustrating the protective effects of various prebiotics by enhancing the antioxidant capacity and their resistance to digestive fluids. We also elucidate the role of prebiotics in regulating anti-bacterial effects, intestinal barrier maintenance, and cross-feeding mechanisms of NPGs. With the expanding range of candidate NGPs and prebiotic substrates, more studies need to be conducted to comprehensively elucidate the interactions between prebiotics and NGPs outside and inside hosts, in order to boost their nutritional and healthcare applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiu Fei
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zuobing Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengyi Han
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuobo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianfang Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanmeng Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Björn Berglund
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingfei Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Liu J, Xiao L, Nie H, Pan Y, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Lin X, Zhang Y, Cai J, Yang M, Liu Y, Zhang L, Xu A, Zhu C. Microecological preparation combined with an modified low-carbon diet improves glucolipid metabolism and cardiovascular complication in obese patients. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:77. [PMID: 34256811 PMCID: PMC8276426 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00697-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of microecological preparation combined with modified low-carbon diet on the glucolipid metabolism and cardiovascular complication in obese patients. METHODS From August 2017 to July 2020, 66 obese patients were recruited, and administrated with an modified low-carbon diet with (group A) or without (Group B) microecology preparation and a balanced diet in control group (group C) for 6 months. Meanwhile, 20 volunteers administrated with a balanced diet were recruited as the healthy control group (group D). RESULTS After 6-month intervention, obese subjects in group A and B showed significant improvement of body and liver fat mass, reduction of serum lipid levels, intestinal barrier function markers, insulin resistance index (IRI), high blood pressure (HBP) and carotid intima thickness, as compared with subjects in group C. More importantly, subjects in group A had better improvement of vascular endothelial elasticity and intimal thickness than subjects in group B. However, these intervention had no effect on carotid atherosclerotic plaque. CONCLUSION Administration of microecological preparation combined with modified low-carbon diet had better improvement of intestinal barrier function, glucose and lipid metabolism, and cardiovascular complications than low-carbon diet in obese patients, but the effect of a simple low-carb diet on carotid atherosclerotic plaque need to be further addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Liu
- Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liehui Xiao
- Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hezhongrong Nie
- Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong Pan
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Guangdong, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhentian Zhang
- Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiuping Lin
- Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinchuang Cai
- Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Muxiu Yang
- Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yajing Liu
- Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Leijun Zhang
- Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Aimin Xu
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Hong Kong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Shenzhen, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Cuifeng Zhu
- Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Hong Kong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Shenzhen, Hong Kong, China.
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Belkina TV, Averina OV, Savenkova EV, Danilenko VN. Human Intestinal Microbiome and the Immune System: The Role of Probiotics in Shaping an Immune System Unsusceptible to COVID-19 Infection. BIOLOGY BULLETIN REVIEWS 2021. [PMCID: PMC8365270 DOI: 10.1134/s2079086421040034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. V. Belkina
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - O. V. Averina
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - E. V. Savenkova
- International Institute for Strategic Development of Sectoral Economics, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Moscow, Russia
| | - V. N. Danilenko
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- International Institute for Strategic Development of Sectoral Economics, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Moscow, Russia
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Ishimwe JA. Maternal microbiome in preeclampsia pathophysiology and implications on offspring health. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14875. [PMID: 34042284 PMCID: PMC8157769 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a devastating hypertensive pregnancy disorder that currently affects 2%–8% of pregnancies worldwide. It is associated with maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity and adverse health outcomes both in mom and offspring beyond pregnancy. The pathophysiology is not completely understood, and there are no approved therapies to specifically treat for the disease, with only few therapies approved to manage symptoms. Recent advances suggest that aberrations in the composition of the microbiome may play a role in the pathogenesis of various diseases including preeclampsia. The maternal and uteroplacental environments greatly influence the long‐term health outcomes of the offspring through developmental programming mechanisms. The current review summarizes recent developments on the role of the microbiome in adverse pregnancy outcomes with a focus on preeclampsia. It also discusses the potential role of the maternal microbiome in fetal programming; explores gut‐targeted therapeutics advancement and their implications in the treatment of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne A Ishimwe
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
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50
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Verspecht T, Van Holm W, Boon N, Bernaerts K, Daep CA, Masters JG, Zayed N, Quirynen M, Teughels W. Potential prebiotic substrates modulate composition, metabolism, virulence and inflammatory potential of an in vitro multi-species oral biofilm. J Oral Microbiol 2021; 13:1910462. [PMID: 33968313 PMCID: PMC8079042 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2021.1910462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Modulation of the commensal oral microbiota constitutes a promising preventive/therapeutic approach in oral healthcare. The use of prebiotics for maintaining/restoring the health-associated homeostasis of the oral microbiota has become an important research topic. Aims: This study hypothesised that in vitro 14-species oral biofilms can be modulated by (in)direct stimulation of beneficial/commensal bacteria with new potential prebiotic substrates tested at 1 M and 1%(w/v), resulting in more host-compatible biofilms with fewer pathogens, decreased virulence and less inflammatory potential. Methods: Established biofilms were repeatedly rinsed with N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, α-D-lactose, D-(+)-trehalose or D-(+)-raffinose at 1 M or 1%(w/v). Biofilm composition, metabolic profile, virulence and inflammatory potential were eventually determined. Results: Repeated rinsing caused a shift towards a more health-associated microbiological composition, an altered metabolic profile, often downregulated virulence gene expression and decreased the inflammatory potential on oral keratinocytes. At 1 M, the substrates had pronounced effects on all biofilm aspects, whereas at 1%(w/v) they had a pronounced effect on virulence gene expression and a limited effect on inflammatory potential. Conclusion: Overall, this study identified four new potential prebiotic substrates that exhibit different modulatory effects at two different concentrations that cause in vitro multi-species oral biofilms to become more host-compatible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Verspecht
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Biotechnology, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University (UGent), Gent, Belgium
| | - Wannes Van Holm
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Biotechnology, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University (UGent), Gent, Belgium
| | - Nico Boon
- Department of Biotechnology, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University (UGent), Gent, Belgium
| | - Kristel Bernaerts
- Bio- and Chemical Systems Technology, Reactor Engineering and Safety, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven Chem & Tech, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carlo A Daep
- Colgate-Palmolive Technology Center, Piscataway, NJ USA
| | | | - Naiera Zayed
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Biotechnology, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University (UGent), Gent, Belgium.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Egypt
| | - Marc Quirynen
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium.,Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Teughels
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium.,Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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