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Soedono S, Julietta V, Nawaz H, Cho KW. Dynamic Roles and Expanding Diversity of Adipose Tissue Macrophages in Obesity. J Obes Metab Syndr 2024; 33:193-212. [PMID: 39324219 DOI: 10.7570/jomes24030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2024] [Revised: 09/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) are key regulators of adipose tissue (AT) inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity, and the traditional M1/M2 characterization of ATMs is inadequate for capturing their diversity in obese conditions. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling has revealed heterogeneity among ATMs that goes beyond the old paradigm and identified new subsets with unique functions. Furthermore, explorations of their developmental origins suggest that multiple differentiation pathways contribute to ATM variety. These advances raise concerns about how to define ATM functions, how they are regulated, and how they orchestrate changes in AT. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of ATMs and their updated categorization in both mice and humans during obesity. Additionally, diverse ATM functions and contributions in the context of obesity are discussed. Finally, potential strategies for targeting ATM functions as therapeutic interventions for obesity-induced metabolic diseases are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shindy Soedono
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Vivi Julietta
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hadia Nawaz
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Kae Won Cho
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
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2
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Chen V, Zhang J, Chang J, Beg MA, Vick L, Wang D, Gupta A, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Dai W, Kim M, Song S, Pereira D, Zheng Z, Sodhi K, Shapiro JI, Silverstein RL, Malarkannan S, Chen Y. CD36 restricts lipid-associated macrophages accumulation in white adipose tissues during atherogenesis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1436865. [PMID: 39156133 PMCID: PMC11327822 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1436865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Visceral white adipose tissues (WAT) regulate systemic lipid metabolism and inflammation. Dysfunctional WAT drive chronic inflammation and facilitate atherosclerosis. Adipose tissue-associated macrophages (ATM) are the predominant immune cells in WAT, but their heterogeneity and phenotypes are poorly defined during atherogenesis. The scavenger receptor CD36 mediates ATM crosstalk with other adipose tissue cells, driving chronic inflammation. Here, we combined the single-cell RNA sequencing technique with cell metabolic and functional assays on major WAT ATM subpopulations using a diet-induced atherosclerosis mouse model (Apoe-null). We also examined the role of CD36 using Apoe/Cd36 double-null mice. Based on transcriptomics data and differential gene expression analysis, we identified a previously undefined group of ATM displaying low viability and high lipid metabolism and labeled them as "unhealthy macrophages". Their phenotypes suggest a subpopulation of ATM under lipid stress. We also identified lipid-associated macrophages (LAM), which were previously described in obesity. Interestingly, LAM increased 8.4-fold in Apoe/Cd36 double-null mice on an atherogenic diet, but not in Apoe-null mice. The increase in LAM was accompanied by more ATM lipid uptake, reduced adipocyte hypertrophy, and less inflammation. In conclusion, CD36 mediates a delicate balance between lipid metabolism and inflammation in visceral adipose tissues. Under atherogenic conditions, CD36 deficiency reduces inflammation and increases lipid metabolism in WAT by promoting LAM accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaya Chen
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Jue Zhang
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Jackie Chang
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Mirza Ahmar Beg
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Lance Vick
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Dandan Wang
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Ankan Gupta
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Yaxin Wang
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Ziyu Zhang
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Wen Dai
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Mindy Kim
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Shan Song
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Duane Pereira
- Department of Surgery, Biomedical Sciences, and Medicine, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Ze Zheng
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Komal Sodhi
- Department of Surgery, Biomedical Sciences, and Medicine, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Joseph I. Shapiro
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Roy L. Silverstein
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Subramaniam Malarkannan
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Yiliang Chen
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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3
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Duc Nguyen H, Ardeshir A, Fonseca VA, Kim WK. Cluster of differentiation molecules in the metabolic syndrome. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 561:119819. [PMID: 38901629 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a significant public health concern due to its association with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and other serious health conditions. Despite extensive research, the underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to MetS pathogenesis remain elusive. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms linking MetS and cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, which play critical roles in immune regulation and cellular signaling. Through an extensive literature review with a systematic approach, we examine the involvement of various CD markers in MetS development and progression, including their roles in adipose tissue inflammation, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Additionally, we discuss potential therapeutic strategies targeting CD markers for the management of MetS. By synthesizing current evidence, this review contributes to a deeper understanding of the complex interplay between immune dysregulation and metabolic dysfunction in MetS, paving the way for the development of novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Duc Nguyen
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA, USA
| | - Amir Ardeshir
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Vivian A Fonseca
- Department Endocrinology Metabolism & Diabetes, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Woong-Ki Kim
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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4
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Bays HE. Obesity, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease: A joint expert review from the Obesity Medicine Association and the National Lipid Association 2024. OBESITY PILLARS 2024; 10:100108. [PMID: 38706496 PMCID: PMC11066689 DOI: 10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Background This joint expert review by the Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) and National Lipid Association (NLA) provides clinicians an overview of the pathophysiologic and clinical considerations regarding obesity, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Methods This joint expert review is based upon scientific evidence, clinical perspectives of the authors, and peer review by the OMA and NLA leadership. Results Among individuals with obesity, adipose tissue may store over 50% of the total body free cholesterol. Triglycerides may represent up to 99% of lipid species in adipose tissue. The potential for adipose tissue expansion accounts for the greatest weight variance among most individuals, with percent body fat ranging from less than 5% to over 60%. While population studies suggest a modest increase in blood low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels with excess adiposity, the adiposopathic dyslipidemia pattern most often described with an increase in adiposity includes elevated triglycerides, reduced high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), increased non-HDL-C, elevated apolipoprotein B, increased LDL particle concentration, and increased small, dense LDL particles. Conclusions Obesity increases CVD risk, at least partially due to promotion of an adiposopathic, atherogenic lipid profile. Obesity also worsens other cardiometabolic risk factors. Among patients with obesity, interventions that reduce body weight and improve CVD outcomes are generally associated with improved lipid levels. Given the modest improvement in blood LDL-C with weight reduction in patients with overweight or obesity, early interventions to treat both excess adiposity and elevated atherogenic cholesterol (LDL-C and/or non-HDL-C) levels represent priorities in reducing the risk of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold Edward Bays
- Corresponding author. Louisville Metabolic and Atherosclerosis Research Center, Louisville, KY, 40213, USA.
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Reza-Zaldívar E, Jacobo-Velázquez DA. Targeting Metabolic Syndrome Pathways: Carrot microRNAs As Potential Modulators. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:21891-21903. [PMID: 38799337 PMCID: PMC11112692 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a condition characterized by metabolic alterations that culminate in chronic noncommunicable diseases of high morbidity and mortality, such as cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and colon cancer. Developing new therapeutic strategies with a multifactorial approach is important since current therapies focus on only one or two components of the metabolic syndrome. In this sense, plant-based gene regulation represents an innovative strategy to prevent or modulate human metabolic pathologies, including metabolic syndrome. Here, using a computational and systems biology approach, it was found that carrot microRNAs can modulate key BMPs/SMAD signaling members, C/EBPs, and KLFs involved in several aspects associated with metabolic syndrome, including the hsa04350:TGF-beta signaling pathway, hsa04931:insulin resistance, hsa04152:AMPK signaling pathway, hsa04933:AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, hsa04010:MAPK signaling pathway, hsa04350:TGF-beta signaling pathway, hsa01522:endocrine resistance, and hsa04910:insulin signaling pathway. These data demonstrated the potential applications of carrot microRNAs as effective food-based therapeutics for obesity and associated metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin
E. Reza-Zaldívar
- Tecnologico
de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Ave. General Ramon Corona 2514, Zapopan 45201, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Daniel A. Jacobo-Velázquez
- Tecnologico
de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Ave. General Ramon Corona 2514, Zapopan 45201, Jalisco, Mexico
- Tecnologico
de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. General Ramon Corona 2514, Zapopan 45138, Jalisco, Mexico
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Rybinska I, Mangano N, Romero-Cordoba SL, Regondi V, Ciravolo V, De Cecco L, Maffioli E, Paolini B, Bianchi F, Sfondrini L, Tedeschi G, Agresti R, Tagliabue E, Triulzi T. SAA1-dependent reprogramming of adipocytes by tumor cells is associated with triple negative breast cancer aggressiveness. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:1842-1856. [PMID: 38289016 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) are characterized by a poor prognosis and a lack of targeted treatments. Their progression depends on tumor cell intrinsic factors, the tumor microenvironment and host characteristics. Although adipocytes, the primary stromal cells of the breast, have been determined to be plastic in physiology and cancer, the tumor-derived molecular mediators of tumor-adipocyte crosstalk have not been identified yet. In this study, we report that the crosstalk between TNBC cells and adipocytes in vitro beyond adipocyte dedifferentiation, induces a unique transcriptional profile that is characterized by inflammation and pathways that are related to interaction with the tumor microenvironment. Accordingly, increased cancer stem-like features and recruitment of pro-tumorigenic immune cells are induced by this crosstalk through CXCL5 and IL-8 production. We identified serum amyloid A1 (SAA1) as a regulator of the adipocyte reprogramming through CD36 and P2XR7 signaling. In human TNBC, SAA1 expression was associated with cancer-associated adipocyte infiltration, inflammation, stimulated lipolysis, stem-like properties, and a distinct tumor immune microenvironment. Our findings constitute evidence that the interaction between tumor cells and adipocytes through the release of SAA1 is relevant to the aggressiveness of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Rybinska
- Microenvironment and Biomarkers of Solid Tumors Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nunzia Mangano
- Microenvironment and Biomarkers of Solid Tumors Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandra L Romero-Cordoba
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Viola Regondi
- Microenvironment and Biomarkers of Solid Tumors Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Ciravolo
- Microenvironment and Biomarkers of Solid Tumors Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Loris De Cecco
- Molecular Mechanisms Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Maffioli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- CIMAINA, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Biagio Paolini
- Anatomic Pathology A Unit, Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchi
- Department of Biomedical Science for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Sfondrini
- Microenvironment and Biomarkers of Solid Tumors Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Tedeschi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- CIMAINA, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Agresti
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Breast Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elda Tagliabue
- Microenvironment and Biomarkers of Solid Tumors Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Triulzi
- Microenvironment and Biomarkers of Solid Tumors Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Bays HE, Kirkpatrick CF, Maki KC, Toth PP, Morgan RT, Tondt J, Christensen SM, Dixon DL, Jacobson TA. Obesity, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease: A joint expert review from the Obesity Medicine Association and the National Lipid Association 2024. J Clin Lipidol 2024; 18:e320-e350. [PMID: 38664184 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This joint expert review by the Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) and National Lipid Association (NLA) provides clinicians an overview of the pathophysiologic and clinical considerations regarding obesity, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. METHODS This joint expert review is based upon scientific evidence, clinical perspectives of the authors, and peer review by the OMA and NLA leadership. RESULTS Among individuals with obesity, adipose tissue may store over 50% of the total body free cholesterol. Triglycerides may represent up to 99% of lipid species in adipose tissue. The potential for adipose tissue expansion accounts for the greatest weight variance among most individuals, with percent body fat ranging from less than 5% to over 60%. While population studies suggest a modest increase in blood low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels with excess adiposity, the adiposopathic dyslipidemia pattern most often described with an increase in adiposity includes elevated triglycerides, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), increased non-HDL-C, elevated apolipoprotein B, increased LDL particle concentration, and increased small, dense LDL particles. CONCLUSIONS Obesity increases CVD risk, at least partially due to promotion of an adiposopathic, atherogenic lipid profile. Obesity also worsens other cardiometabolic risk factors. Among patients with obesity, interventions that reduce body weight and improve CVD outcomes are generally associated with improved lipid levels. Given the modest improvement in blood LDL-C with weight reduction in patients with overweight or obesity, early interventions to treat both excess adiposity and elevated atherogenic cholesterol (LDL-C and/or non-HDL-C) levels represent priorities in reducing the risk of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold Edward Bays
- Louisville Metabolic and Atherosclerosis Research Center, Clinical Associate Professor, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 3288 Illinois Avenue, Louisville KY 40213 (Dr Bays).
| | - Carol F Kirkpatrick
- Kasiska Division of Health Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID (Dr Kirkpatrick).
| | - Kevin C Maki
- Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN (Dr Maki).
| | - Peter P Toth
- CGH Medical Center, Department of Clinical Family and Community Medicine, University of Illinois School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (Dr Toth).
| | - Ryan T Morgan
- Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Principal Investigator at Lynn Health Science Institute, 3555 NW 58th St., STE 910-W, Oklahoma City, OK 73112 (Dr Morgan).
| | - Justin Tondt
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center (Dr Tondt)
| | | | - Dave L Dixon
- Deptartment of Pharmacotherapy & Outcomes Science, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy 410 N 12th Street, Box 980533, Richmond, VA 23298-0533 (Dr Dixon).
| | - Terry A Jacobson
- Lipid Clinic and Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Program, Emory University Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (Dr Jacobson).
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Rokka S, Sadeghinejad M, Hudgins EC, Johnson EJ, Nguyen T, Fancher IS. Visceral adipose of obese mice inhibits endothelial inwardly rectifying K + channels in a CD36-dependent fashion. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1543-C1555. [PMID: 38586877 PMCID: PMC11371330 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00073.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Obesity imposes deficits on adipose tissue and vascular endothelium, yet the role that distinct adipose depots play in mediating endothelial dysfunction in local arteries remains unresolved. We recently showed that obesity impairs endothelial Kir2.1 channels, mediators of nitric oxide production, in arteries of visceral adipose tissue (VAT), while Kir2.1 function in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) endothelium remains intact. Therefore, we determined if VAT versus SAT from lean or diet-induced obese mice affected Kir2.1 channel function in vitro. We found that VAT from obese mice reduces Kir2.1 function without altering channel expression whereas AT from lean mice and SAT from obese mice had no effect on Kir2.1 function as compared to untreated control cells. As Kir2.1 is well known to be inhibited by fatty acid derivatives and obesity is strongly associated with elevated circulating fatty acids, we next tested the role of the fatty acid translocase CD36 in mediating VAT-induced Kir2.1 dysfunction. We found that the downregulation of CD36 restored Kir2.1 currents in endothelial cells exposed to VAT from obese mice. In addition, endothelial cells exposed to VAT from obese mice exhibited a significant increase in CD36-mediated fatty acid uptake. The importance of CD36 in obesity-induced endothelial dysfunction of VAT arteries was further supported in ex vivo pressure myography studies where CD36 ablation rescued the endothelium-dependent response to flow via restoring Kir2.1 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase function. These findings provide new insight into the role of VAT in mediating obesity-induced endothelial dysfunction and suggest a novel role for CD36 as a mediator of endothelial Kir2.1 impairment.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our findings suggest a role for visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in the dysfunction of endothelial Kir2.1 in obesity. We further reveal a role for CD36 as a major contributor to VAT-mediated Kir2.1 and endothelial dysfunction, suggesting that CD36 offers a potential target for preventing the early development of obesity-associated cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabita Rokka
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, College of Health SciencesUniversity of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - Masoumeh Sadeghinejad
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, College of Health SciencesUniversity of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - Emma C Hudgins
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, College of Health SciencesUniversity of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - Erica J Johnson
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, College of Health SciencesUniversity of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, College of Health SciencesUniversity of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - Ibra S Fancher
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, College of Health SciencesUniversity of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
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9
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Ashaq MS, Zhang S, Xu M, Li Y, Zhao B. The regulatory role of CD36 in hematopoiesis beyond fatty acid uptake. Life Sci 2024; 339:122442. [PMID: 38244916 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
CD36 is a transmembrane glycoprotein, located on surface of numerous cell types. This review is aimed to explore regulatory role of CD36 in hematopoiesis beyond fatty acid uptake. CD36 acts as a pattern recognition receptor, regulates cellular fatty acid homeostasis, and negatively monitors angiogenesis. CD36 also mediates free fatty acid transportation to hematopoietic stem cells in response to infections. During normal physiology and pathophysiology, CD36 significantly participates in the activation and metabolic needs of platelets, macrophages, monocytes, T cells, B cells, and dendritic cells. CD36 has shown a unique relationship with Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes (PfIEs) as a beneficiary for both parasite and host. CD36 actively participates in pathogenesis of various hematological cancers as a significant prognostic biomarker including AML, HL, and NHL. CD36-targeting antibodies, CD36 antagonists (small molecules), and CD36 expression inhibitors/modulators are used to target CD36, depicting its therapeutic potential. Many preclinical studies or clinical trials were performed to assess CD36 as a therapeutic target; some are still under investigation. This review reflects the role of CD36 in hematopoiesis which requires more consideration in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sameer Ashaq
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Shujing Zhang
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Miaomiao Xu
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Baobing Zhao
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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10
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Ye RZ, Montastier E, Frisch F, Noll C, Allard-Chamard H, Gévry N, Tchernof A, Carpentier AC. Adipocyte hypertrophy associates with in vivo postprandial fatty acid metabolism and adipose single-cell transcriptional dynamics. iScience 2024; 27:108692. [PMID: 38226167 PMCID: PMC10788217 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipocyte hypertrophy is associated with metabolic complications independent of obesity. We aimed to determine: 1) the association between adipocyte size and postprandial fatty acid metabolism; 2) the potential mechanisms driving the obesity-independent, hypertrophy-associated dysmetabolism in vivo and at a single-cell resolution. Tracers with positron emission tomography were used to measure fatty acid metabolism in 40 men and women with normal or impaired glucose tolerance (NCT02808182), and single nuclei RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) to determine transcriptional dynamics of subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) between individuals with AT hypertrophy vs. hyperplasia matched for sex, ethnicity, glucose-tolerance status, BMI, total and percent body fat, and waist circumference. Adipocyte size was associated with high postprandial total cardiac fatty acid uptake and higher visceral AT dietary fatty acid uptake, but lower lean tissue dietary fatty acid uptake. We found major shifts in cell transcriptomal dynamics with AT hypertrophy that were consistent with in vivo metabolic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Zhou Ye
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre de recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Emilie Montastier
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre de recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Frédérique Frisch
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre de recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Christophe Noll
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre de recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Hugues Allard-Chamard
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre de recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Nicolas Gévry
- Department of Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - André Tchernof
- Québec Heart and Lung Research Institute, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - André C. Carpentier
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre de recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
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11
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Ma Y, Huang L, Zhang Z, Yang P, Chen Q, Zeng X, Tan F, Wang C, Ruan X, Liao X. CD36 promotes tubular ferroptosis by regulating the ubiquitination of FSP1 in acute kidney injury. Genes Dis 2024; 11:449-463. [PMID: 37588197 PMCID: PMC10425750 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxidative species (ROS) production-driven ferroptosis plays a role in acute kidney injury (AKI). However, its exact molecular mechanism is poorly understood. Scavenger receptor CD36 has important roles in oxidizing lipids, lipid accumulation, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance in chronic kidney disease, but its roles remain unexplored in AKI. The present study investigated the role and mechanism of CD36 in regulating proximal tubular cell ferroptosis and AKI. The expression of CD36 was found to be significantly up-regulated in AKI renal tissues and correlated with renal function, which might serve as an independent biomarker for AKI patients. Moreover, in adult mice subjected to AKI, deletion of CD36 (CD36-/-) induced tubular cell ROS accumulation, ferroptosis activation, and renal injury. Mechanistically, combining LC-MS/MS, co-IP, and ubiquitination analyses revealed that CD36 could specifically bind to ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1) and regulate its ubiquitination at sites K16 and K24, leading to FSP1 degradation and progression of ferroptosis in AKI. The present results emphasize a novel mechanism of CD36 in cisplatin-induced AKI. The discovery of the special CD36 roles in promoting ferroptosis and AKI development by regulating the ubiquitination of FSP1 in proximal tubular cells may be potential therapeutic targets for AKI. Moreover, CD36 may play a key role in the progression of AKI. Therefore, targeting CD36 may provide a promising treatment option for AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Ma
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Lili Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Pengfei Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Qingsong Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Xujia Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Fangyan Tan
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Chunxia Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Xiongzhong Ruan
- Centre for Nephrology, Royal Free and University College Medical School, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Kuanren Laboratory of Translational Lipidology, Centre for Lipid Research, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Xiaohui Liao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
- Kuanren Laboratory of Translational Lipidology, Centre for Lipid Research, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
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12
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Soucek O, Kacerovsky M, Kacerovska Musilova I, Stranik J, Kukla R, Bolehovska R, Andrys C. Amniotic fluid CD36 in pregnancies complicated by spontaneous preterm delivery: a retrospective cohort study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2023; 36:2214838. [PMID: 37217453 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2023.2214838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate CD36 concentrations in amniotic fluid in pregnancies complicated by spontaneous delivery with intact fetal membranes (preterm labor, PTL) and preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) with respect to the presence of the intra-amniotic infection. METHODS A total of 80 women with PPROM and 71 with PTL were included in the study. Amniotic fluid samples were obtained by transabdominal amniocentesis. Amniotic fluid CD36 concentrations were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Microbial colonization of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) was determined by the cultivation and non-cultivation approach. Intra-amniotic inflammation (IAI) was defined as an amniotic fluid bedside interleukin-6 concentration ≥3000 pg/mL. Intra-amniotic infection was characterized by the presence of both MIAC and IAI. RESULTS Women with PPROM with intra-amniotic infection had higher amniotic fluid CD36 concentrations than women without infection (with infection: median 346 pg/mL, IQR 262-384 vs. without infection: median 242 pg/mL, IQR 199-304; p = .006) A positive correlation between amniotic fluid CD36 concentrations and interleukin-6 concentrations was found (rho = 0.48; p < .0001). In PTL pregnancies, no statistically significant difference was found in the amniotic fluid level of CD36 between intra-amniotic infection, sterile IAI, and negative amniotic fluid. CONCLUSIONS The presence of intra-amniotic infection is characterized by higher amniotic fluid CD36 concentrations in pregnancies complicated by PPROM. An amniotic fluid CD36 cutoff value of 252.5 pg/mL was found to be optimal for the prediction of intra-amniotic infection. In PTL pregnancies, no statistically significant change in CD36 concentration was found with respect to the presence of intra-amniotic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Soucek
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marian Kacerovsky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Kacerovska Musilova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Stranik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Rudolf Kukla
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Bolehovska
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ctirad Andrys
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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13
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Zhou Q, Gwag T, Wang S. Thrombospondin1 antagonist peptide treatment attenuates obesity-associated chronic inflammation and metabolic disorders in a diet-induced obese mouse model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20193. [PMID: 37980376 PMCID: PMC10657402 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47635-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Thrombospondin1 (TSP1) is a multifunctional matricellular protein. Previously, we demonstrated that TSP1 plays a pivotal role in obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance (IR) by modulating macrophage accumulation and activation in adipose tissue. Moreover, in our in vitro studies, a CD36-derived peptide, functioning as a TSP1 antagonist, effectively inhibited TSP1-induced proinflammatory macrophage activation. However, whether this CD36 peptide can inhibit obesity-induced inflammation and IR in vivo is unknown and determined in this study in a high fat diet-induced obese mouse model (DIO). CD36 peptide or control peptide was intraperitoneally administered into the established obese mice triweekly for 6 weeks. We found that CD36 peptide treatment didn't affect obesity or weight gain but significantly reduced proinflammatory cytokine production systemically and in visceral fat tissue. Adipose tissue exhibited fewer crown-like structures and reduced macrophage infiltration. CD36 peptide treatment also attenuated the proinflammatory phenotype of bone marrow derived macrophages from obese mice. Furthermore, CD36 peptide treatment improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, and mitigated obesity-related fatty liver disease and kidney damage. Collectively, this study suggests that the CD36 peptide, as a TSP1 antagonist, shows promise as a novel therapeutic approach for managing obesity-related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Wethington Bldg. Room 583, 900 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Lexington VA Medical Center, Lexington, KY, 40502, USA
| | - Taesik Gwag
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Wethington Bldg. Room 583, 900 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Lexington VA Medical Center, Lexington, KY, 40502, USA
| | - Shuxia Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Wethington Bldg. Room 583, 900 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
- Lexington VA Medical Center, Lexington, KY, 40502, USA.
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14
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Goswami S, Zhang Q, Celik CE, Reich EM, Yilmaz ÖH. Dietary fat and lipid metabolism in the tumor microenvironment. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188984. [PMID: 37722512 PMCID: PMC10937091 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming has been considered a core hallmark of cancer, in which excessive accumulation of lipids promote cancer initiation, progression and metastasis. Lipid metabolism often includes the digestion and absorption of dietary fat, and the ways in which cancer cells utilize lipids are often influenced by the complex interactions within the tumor microenvironment. Among multiple cancer risk factors, obesity has a positive association with multiple cancer types, while diets like calorie restriction and fasting improve health and delay cancer. Impact of these diets on tumorigenesis or cancer prevention are generally studied on cancer cells, despite heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment. Cancer cells regularly interact with these heterogeneous microenvironmental components, including immune and stromal cells, to promote cancer progression and metastasis, and there is an intricate metabolic crosstalk between these compartments. Here, we focus on discussing fat metabolism and response to dietary fat in the tumor microenvironment, focusing on both immune and stromal components and shedding light on therapeutic strategies surrounding lipid metabolic and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swagata Goswami
- Department of Biology, The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Qiming Zhang
- Department of Biology, The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Cigdem Elif Celik
- Department of Biology, The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Hacettepe Univ, Canc Inst, Department Basic Oncol, Ankara TR-06100, Turkiye
| | - Ethan M Reich
- Department of Biology, The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ömer H Yilmaz
- Department of Biology, The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Beth Israel Deaconness Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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15
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Cohen CD, De Blasio MJ, Farrugia GE, Dona MS, Hsu I, Prakoso D, Kiriazis H, Krstevski C, Nash DM, Li M, Gaynor TL, Deo M, Drummond GR, Ritchie RH, Pinto AR. Mapping the cellular and molecular landscape of cardiac non-myocytes in murine diabetic cardiomyopathy. iScience 2023; 26:107759. [PMID: 37736052 PMCID: PMC10509303 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with a significantly elevated risk of heart failure. However, despite extensive efforts to characterize the phenotype of the diabetic heart, the molecular and cellular protagonists that underpin cardiac pathological remodeling in diabetes remain unclear, with a notable paucity of data regarding the impact of diabetes on non-myocytes within the heart. Here we aimed to define key differences in cardiac non-myocytes between spontaneously type-2 diabetic (db/db) and healthy control (db/h) mouse hearts. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis revealed a concerted diabetes-induced cellular response contributing to cardiac remodeling. These included cell-specific activation of gene programs relating to fibroblast hyperplasia and cell migration, and dysregulation of pathways involving vascular homeostasis and protein folding. This work offers a new perspective for understanding the cellular mediators of diabetes-induced cardiac pathology, and pathways that may be targeted to address the cardiac complications associated with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles D. Cohen
- Cardiac Cellular Systems, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Prahran, VIC, Australia
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Miles J. De Blasio
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Gabriella E. Farrugia
- Cardiac Cellular Systems, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Prahran, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiovascular Research and Implementation, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Malathi S.I. Dona
- Cardiac Cellular Systems, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Prahran, VIC, Australia
| | - Ian Hsu
- Cardiac Cellular Systems, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Prahran, VIC, Australia
| | - Darnel Prakoso
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Helen Kiriazis
- Preclinical Cardiology, Microsurgery and Imaging Platform, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Prahran, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Crisdion Krstevski
- Cardiac Cellular Systems, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Prahran, VIC, Australia
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David M. Nash
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Mandy Li
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Taylah L. Gaynor
- Cardiac Cellular Systems, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Prahran, VIC, Australia
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Minh Deo
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Grant R. Drummond
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebecca H. Ritchie
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alexander R. Pinto
- Cardiac Cellular Systems, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Prahran, VIC, Australia
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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16
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Jiang Q, Chen Z, Meng F, Zhang H, Chen H, Xue J, Shen X, Liu T, Dong L, Zhang S, Xue R. CD36-BATF2\MYB Axis Predicts Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy Response in Gastric Cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:4476-4492. [PMID: 37781029 PMCID: PMC10535701 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.87635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the utilization of anti-PD-1 therapy in gastric cancer (GC), the absence of a reliable predictive biomarker continues to pose a challenge. In this study, we utilized bioinformatic analysis and immunohistochemistry to develop a prediction model for activated CD4+ memory T cells, considering both mRNA and protein levels. An elevation of activated CD4+ memory T cells in GC was noted, which exhibited a strong association with the patients' overall survival. By utilizing WGCNA and DEG analysis, we discovered that BATF2, MYB, and CD36 are genes that exhibit differential expression and are linked to activated CD4+ memory T cells. Afterwards, a forecast model was built utilizing Stepwise regression and immunohistochemistry relying on the three genes. The model's high-risk score showed significant associations with a suppressive immune microenvironment. Moreover, our model exhibited encouraging prognostic value and superior performance in predicting response to immune checkpoint blockade therapy compared with the conventional CD8+PD-L1 model. In terms of mechanism, CD36 could function as a receptor upstream that identifies Helicobacter pylori and fatty acids. This recognition then results in the reduction of the BATF2-MYB protein complex and subsequent alterations in the transcription of genes associated with classical T cell activation. As a result, the activation state of CD4+ memory T cells is ultimately suppressed. The CD36-BATF2/MYB signature serves as a robust predictor of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy response in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhixue Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fansheng Meng
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, China
- Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer (SMHC), Minhang Hospital & AHS, Fudan University, China
| | - He Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jindan Xue
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Anhui, 232000, China
| | - Xizhong Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tianshu Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ling Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Si Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ruyi Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Baoshan District Wusong Central Hospital (Zhongshan Hospital Wusong Branch, Fudan University), Shanghai 200940, China
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17
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Aragón-Herrera A, Moraña-Fernández S, Otero-Santiago M, Anido-Varela L, Campos-Toimil M, García-Seara J, Román A, Seijas J, García-Caballero L, Rodríguez J, Tarazón E, Roselló-Lletí E, Portolés M, Lage R, Gualillo O, González-Juanatey JR, Feijóo-Bandín S, Lago F. The lipidomic and inflammatory profiles of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues are distinctly regulated by the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114535. [PMID: 36931025 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The pharmacological inhibition of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) has emerged as a treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular disease and/or other metabolic disturbances, although some of the mechanisms implicated in their beneficial effects are unknown. The SGLT2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) empagliflozin has been suggested as a regulator of adiposity, energy metabolism, and systemic inflammation in adipose tissue. The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of a 6-week-empagliflozin treatment on the lipidome of visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) from diabetic obese Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rats using an untargeted metabolomics approach. We found that empagliflozin increases the content of diglycerides and oxidized fatty acids (FA) in VAT, while in SAT, it decreases the levels of several lysophospholipids and increases 2 phosphatidylcholines. Empagliflozin also reduces the expression of the cytokines interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), monocyte-chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and IL-10, and of Cd86 and Cd163 M1 and M2 macrophage markers in VAT, with no changes in SAT, except for a decrease in IL-1β. Empagliflozin treatment also shows an effect on lipolysis increasing the expression of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) in SAT and VAT and of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) in VAT, together with a decrease in the adipose content of the FA transporter cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36). In conclusion, our data highlighted differences in the VAT and SAT lipidomes, inflammatory profiles and lipolytic function, which suggest a distinct metabolism of these two white adipose tissue depots after the empagliflozin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana Aragón-Herrera
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research and Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago (XXIS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Moraña-Fernández
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research and Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago (XXIS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Cardiology Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) and Institute of Biomedical Research of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS-SERGAS). Av. Barcelona, Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Manuel Otero-Santiago
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research and Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago (XXIS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura Anido-Varela
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research and Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago (XXIS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Campos-Toimil
- Group of Pharmacology of Chronic Diseases (CD Pharma), Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Javier García-Seara
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research and Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago (XXIS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Arrhytmia Unit, Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Román
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research and Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago (XXIS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Cardiology Department, Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Seijas
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research and Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago (XXIS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cardiology Department, Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lucía García-Caballero
- Department of Morphological Sciences, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Javier Rodríguez
- Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago (XXIS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Estefanía Tarazón
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Clinical and Translational Research in Cardiology Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Esther Roselló-Lletí
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Clinical and Translational Research in Cardiology Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Portolés
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Clinical and Translational Research in Cardiology Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Ricardo Lage
- Cardiology Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) and Institute of Biomedical Research of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS-SERGAS). Av. Barcelona, Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Oreste Gualillo
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biomedical Research and Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago (XXIS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Ramón González-Juanatey
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research and Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago (XXIS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cardiology Department, Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sandra Feijóo-Bandín
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research and Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago (XXIS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Francisca Lago
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research and Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago (XXIS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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18
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Differential Roles of CD36 in Regulating Muscle Insulin Response Depend on Palmitic Acid Load. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030729. [PMID: 36979708 PMCID: PMC10045334 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The possible role of fatty acid translocase (CD36) in the treatment of obesity has gained increasing research interest since researchers recognized its coordinated function in fatty acid uptake and oxidation. However, the effect of CD36 deficiency on intracellular insulin signaling is complex and its impact may depend on different nutritional stresses. Therefore, we investigated the various effects of CD36 deletion on insulin signaling in C2C12 myotubes with or without palmitic acid (PA) overload. In the present work, we reported the upregulated expression levels of CD36 in the skeletal muscle tissues of obese humans and mice as well as in C2C12 myotubes with PA stimulation. CD36 knockdown using RNA interference showed that insulin signaling was impaired in CD36-deficient C2C12 cells in the absence of PA loading, suggesting that CD36 is essential for the maintenance of insulin action, possibly resulting from increased mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress; however, CD36 deletion improved insulin signaling in the presence of PA overload due to a reduction in lipid overaccumulation. In conclusion, we identified differential roles of CD36 in regulating muscle insulin response under conditions with and without PA overload, which provides supportive evidence for further research into therapeutic approaches to diabetes.
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19
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Prenylcysteine Oxidase 1 Is a Key Regulator of Adipogenesis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030542. [PMID: 36978789 PMCID: PMC10045348 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The process of adipogenesis involves the differentiation of preadipocytes into mature adipocytes. Excessive adipogenesis promotes obesity, a condition that increasingly threatens global health and contributes to the rapid rise of obesity-related diseases. We have recently shown that prenylcysteine oxidase 1 (PCYOX1) is a regulator of atherosclerosis-disease mechanisms, which acts through mechanisms not exclusively related to its pro-oxidant activity. To address the role of PCYOX1 in the adipogenic process, we extended our previous observations confirming that Pcyox1−/−/Apoe−/− mice fed a high-fat diet for 8 or 12 weeks showed significantly lower body weight, when compared to Pcyox1+/+/Apoe−/− mice, due to an evident reduction in visceral adipose content. We herein assessed the role of PCYOX1 in adipogenesis. Here, we found that PCYOX1 is expressed in adipose tissue, and, independently from its pro-oxidant enzymatic activity, is critical for adipogenesis. Pcyox1 gene silencing completely prevented the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, by acting as an upstream regulator of several key players, such as FABP4, PPARγ, C/EBPα. Proteomic analysis, performed by quantitative label-free mass spectrometry, further strengthened the role of PCYOX1 in adipogenesis by expanding the list of its downstream targets. Finally, the absence of Pcyox1 reduces the inflammatory markers in adipose tissue. These findings render PCYOX1 a novel adipogenic factor with possible pathophysiological or therapeutic potential.
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20
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Narasimhan A, Flores RR, Camell CD, Bernlohr DA, Robbins PD, Niedernhofer LJ. Cellular Senescence in Obesity and Associated Complications: a New Therapeutic Target. Curr Diab Rep 2022; 22:537-548. [PMID: 36239841 PMCID: PMC10123542 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-022-01493-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Obesity has increased worldwide recently and represents a major global health challenge. This review focuses on the obesity-associated cellular senescence in various organs and the role of these senescent cells (SnCs) in driving complications associated with obesity. Also, the ability to target SnCs pharmacologically with drugs termed senotherapeutics as a therapy for these complications is discussed. RECENT FINDINGS Several studies have shown a positive correlation between obesity and SnC burden in organs such as adipose tissue, liver, and pancreatic-β-cells. These SnCs produce several secretory factors which affect other cells and tissues in a paracrine manner resulting in organ dysfunction. The accumulation of SnCs in adipocytes affects their lipid storage and impairs adipogenesis. The inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) of SnCs downregulates the antioxidant capacity and mitochondrial function in tissues. Senescent hepatocytes cannot oxidize fatty acids, which leads to lipid deposition and senescence in β-cells decrease function. These and other adverse effects of SnCs contribute to insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes. The reduction in the SnC burden genetically or pharmacologically improves the complications associated with obesity. The accumulation of SnCs with age and disease accelerates aging. Obesity is a key driver of SnC accumulation, and the complications associated with obesity can be controlled by reducing the SnC burden. Thus, senotherapeutic drugs have the potential to be an effective therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akilavalli Narasimhan
- Institute On the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 6-155 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street, SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Rafael R Flores
- Institute On the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 6-155 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street, SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Christina D Camell
- Institute On the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 6-155 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street, SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - David A Bernlohr
- Institute On the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 6-155 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street, SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Paul D Robbins
- Institute On the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 6-155 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street, SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Institute On the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 6-155 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street, SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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21
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Li H, Fu Q, Philips K, Sun Y, Faurot KR, Gaylord SA, Mann JD. Leukocyte inflammatory phenotype and function in migraine patients compared with matched non-migraine volunteers: a pilot study. BMC Neurol 2022; 22:278. [PMID: 35896985 PMCID: PMC9327171 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-022-02781-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Migraine is a neurological condition characterized by chronic inflammation. However, not much is known about the potential role of peripheral blood immune cells in the pathophysiology of migraine. Methods We investigated the status of peripheral blood immune cells of 15 adults with frequent episodic or chronic migraine recruited chronologically from a randomized clinical trial (RCT) on Nutrition for Migraine (NCCIH 5R01AT007813-05) and 15 non-migraine, healthy volunteers (control) matched by age, gender, and Body Mass Index (BMI). Continuous variables were presented as means ± standard deviationas well as medians, and comparisons between patients and healthy volunteers were performed with non-parametric Wilcoxon signed rank tests. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata (StataCorp. 2019. Stata Statistical Software). Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) data were processed using FlowJo software (Ashland, OR: Becton, Dickenson and Company; 2019). Results We observed that migraineurs had a significantly lower percentage of non-classical monocytes (CD14+CD16++) in blood circulation, compared to the control group. In addition, Migraineurs also showed a significantly lower percentage of blood CD3+CD4+ helper T cells and CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells, compared to controls. Differences in leukocyte surface markers between chronic migraine patients and their matched controls were more prominent than those between episodic migraine patients and their matched controls. Conclusions Our results suggest that migraine is associated with dysregulated peripheral immune homeostasis and that inflammation and autoimmunity may play a role in its pathophysiology. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12883-022-02781-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Li
- Department of Science and Mathematics, Hulman Hall Room116, Saint Mary-of-the-Woods College, 1 St Mary of Woods Coll, IN, 47876, USA. .,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Program On Integrative Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of Pharmacology, Institute of Aging Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Kamaira Philips
- Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yufei Sun
- School of Pharmacology, Institute of Aging Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Keturah R Faurot
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Program On Integrative Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Susan A Gaylord
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Program On Integrative Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - John Douglas Mann
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Program On Integrative Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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22
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Chakarov S, Blériot C, Ginhoux F. Role of adipose tissue macrophages in obesity-related disorders. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213212. [PMID: 35543703 PMCID: PMC9098652 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The obesity epidemic has led researchers and clinicians to reconsider the etiology of this disease and precisely decipher its molecular mechanisms. The excessive accumulation of fat by cells, most notably adipocytes, which play a key role in this process, has many repercussions in tissue physiology. Herein, we focus on how macrophages, immune cells well known for their tissue gatekeeping functions, assume fundamental, yet ill-defined, roles in the genesis and development of obesity-related metabolic disorders. We first discuss the determinants of the biology of these cells before introducing the specifics of the adipose tissue environment, while highlighting its heterogeneity. Finally, we detail how obesity transforms both adipose tissue and local macrophage populations. Understanding macrophage diversity and their cross talk with the diverse cell types constituting the adipose tissue environment will allow us to frame the therapeutic potential of adipose tissue macrophages in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetoslav Chakarov
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Camille Blériot
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Batiment de Médecine Moléculaire, Villejuif, France
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institut Gustave Roussy, Batiment de Médecine Moléculaire, Villejuif, France.,Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
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23
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Yang S, Jia L, Xiang J, Yang G, Qiu S, Kang L, Zheng P, Liang Z, Lu Y. KLF10 promotes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis progression through transcriptional activation of zDHHC7. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e54229. [PMID: 35492028 PMCID: PMC9171407 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202154229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), characterized by hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and liver injury, has become a leading cause of end-stage liver diseases and liver transplantation. Krüppel-like factors 10 (KLF10) is a Cys2/His2 zinc finger transcription factor that regulates cell growth, apoptosis, and differentiation. However, whether it plays a role in the development and progression of NASH remains poorly understood. In the present study, we found that KLF10 expression was selectively upregulated in the mouse models and human patients with NASH, compared with simple steatosis (NAFL). Gain- and loss-of function studies demonstrated that hepatocyte-specific overexpression of KLF10 aggravated, whereas its depletion alleviated diet-induced NASH pathogenesis in mice. Mechanistically, transcriptomic analysis and subsequent functional experiments showed that KLF10 promotes hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation through the palmitoylation and plasma membrane localization of fatty acid translocase CD36 via transcriptionally activation of zDHHC7. Indeed, both expression of zDHHC7 and palmitoylation of CD36 are required for the pathogenic roles of KLF10 in NASH development. Thus, our results identify an important role for KLF10 in NAFL-to-NASH progression through zDHHC7-mediated CD36 palmitoylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China.,Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijing Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiaqing Xiang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Guangyan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Shanhu Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Lin Kang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Peilin Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhen Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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24
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Chen Y, Zhang J, Cui W, Silverstein RL. CD36, a signaling receptor and fatty acid transporter that regulates immune cell metabolism and fate. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213166. [PMID: 35438721 PMCID: PMC9022290 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD36 is a type 2 cell surface scavenger receptor widely expressed in many immune and non-immune cells. It functions as both a signaling receptor responding to DAMPs and PAMPs, as well as a long chain free fatty acid transporter. Recent studies have indicated that CD36 can integrate cell signaling and metabolic pathways through its dual functions and thereby influence immune cell differentiation and activation, and ultimately help determine cell fate. Its expression along with its dual functions in both innate and adaptive immune cells contribute to pathogenesis of common diseases, including atherosclerosis and tumor progression, which makes CD36 and its downstream effectors potential therapeutic targets. This review comprehensively examines the dual functions of CD36 in a variety of immune cells, especially macrophages and T cells. We also briefly discuss CD36 function in non-immune cells, such as adipocytes and platelets, which impact the immune system via intercellular communication. Finally, outstanding questions in this field are provided for potential directions of future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiliang Chen
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.,Versiti, Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Jue Zhang
- Versiti, Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Weiguo Cui
- Versiti, Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Roy L Silverstein
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.,Versiti, Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI
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25
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Li Z, Gurung M, Rodrigues RR, Padiadpu J, Newman NK, Manes NP, Pederson JW, Greer RL, Vasquez-Perez S, You H, Hioki KA, Moulton Z, Fel A, De Nardo D, Dzutsev AK, Nita-Lazar A, Trinchieri G, Shulzhenko N, Morgun A. Microbiota and adipocyte mitochondrial damage in type 2 diabetes are linked by Mmp12+ macrophages. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213260. [PMID: 35657352 PMCID: PMC9170383 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbiota contribute to the induction of type 2 diabetes by high-fat/high-sugar (HFHS) diet, but which organs/pathways are impacted by microbiota remain unknown. Using multiorgan network and transkingdom analyses, we found that microbiota-dependent impairment of OXPHOS/mitochondria in white adipose tissue (WAT) plays a primary role in regulating systemic glucose metabolism. The follow-up analysis established that Mmp12+ macrophages link microbiota-dependent inflammation and OXPHOS damage in WAT. Moreover, the molecular signature of Mmp12+ macrophages in WAT was associated with insulin resistance in obese patients. Next, we tested the functional effects of MMP12 and found that Mmp12 genetic deficiency or MMP12 inhibition improved glucose metabolism in conventional, but not in germ-free mice. MMP12 treatment induced insulin resistance in adipocytes. TLR2-ligands present in Oscillibacter valericigenes bacteria, which are expanded by HFHS, induce Mmp12 in WAT macrophages in a MYD88-ATF3-dependent manner. Thus, HFHS induces Mmp12+ macrophages and MMP12, representing a microbiota-dependent bridge between inflammation and mitochondrial damage in WAT and causing insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Li
- Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR,Shanghai Mengniu Biotechnology R&D Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Manoj Gurung
- Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Richard R. Rodrigues
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR,Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD,Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD
| | | | | | - Nathan P. Manes
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jacob W. Pederson
- Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Renee L. Greer
- Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | | | - Hyekyoung You
- Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Kaito A. Hioki
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Zoe Moulton
- Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Anna Fel
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Dominic De Nardo
- Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Amiran K. Dzutsev
- Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Aleksandra Nita-Lazar
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Giorgio Trinchieri
- Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD,Giorgio Trinchieri:
| | - Natalia Shulzhenko
- Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR,Correspondence to Natalia Shulzhenko:
| | - Andrey Morgun
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR,Andrey Morgun:
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26
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Duan H, Jing L, Xiang J, Ju C, Wu Z, Liu J, Ma X, Chen X, Liu Z, Feng J, Yan X. CD146 Associates with Gp130 to Control a Macrophage Pro-inflammatory Program That Regulates the Metabolic Response to Obesity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103719. [PMID: 35258174 PMCID: PMC9069186 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of obesity-related metabolic dysfunction involves the development of systemic inflammation, largely mediated by macrophages. Switching of M1-like adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) to M2-like ATMs, a population of macrophages associated with weight loss and insulin sensitivity, is considered a viable therapeutic strategy for obesity-related metabolic syndrome. However, mechanisms for reestablishing the polarization of ATMs remain elusive. This study demonstrates that CD146+ ATMs accumulate in adipose tissue during diet-induced obesity and are associated with increased body weight, systemic inflammation, and obesity-induced insulin resistance. Inactivating the macrophage CD146 gene or antibody targeting of CD146 alleviates obesity-related chronic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. Macrophage CD146 interacts with Glycoprotein 130 (Gp130), the common subunit of the receptor signaling complex for the interleukin-6 family of cytokines. CD146/Gp130 interaction promotes pro-inflammatory polarization of ATMs by activating JNK signaling and inhibiting the activation of STAT3, a transcription factor for M2-like polarization. Disruption of their interaction by anti-CD146 antibody or interleukin-6 steers ATMs toward anti-inflammatory polarization, thus attenuating obesity-induced chronic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in mice. The results suggest that macrophage CD146 is an important determinant of pro-inflammatory polarization and plays a pivotal role in obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction. CD146 could constitute a novel therapeutic target for obesity complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Duan
- Laboratory of Protein and Peptide PharmaceuticalInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Lin Jing
- Laboratory of Protein and Peptide PharmaceuticalInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences19A Yuquan RoadBeijing100049China
| | - Jianquan Xiang
- Laboratory of Protein and Peptide PharmaceuticalInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences19A Yuquan RoadBeijing100049China
| | - Chenhui Ju
- Laboratory of Protein and Peptide PharmaceuticalInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Zhenzhen Wu
- Laboratory of Protein and Peptide PharmaceuticalInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Laboratory of Protein and Peptide PharmaceuticalInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences19A Yuquan RoadBeijing100049China
| | - Xinran Ma
- Laboratory of Protein and Peptide PharmaceuticalInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences19A Yuquan RoadBeijing100049China
| | - Xuehui Chen
- Laboratory of Protein and Peptide PharmaceuticalInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Laboratory of Protein and Peptide PharmaceuticalInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Jing Feng
- Laboratory of Protein and Peptide PharmaceuticalInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Xiyun Yan
- Laboratory of Protein and Peptide PharmaceuticalInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences19A Yuquan RoadBeijing100049China
- Joint Laboratory of Nanozymes in Zhengzhou UniversitySchool of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
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27
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Mahmudpour M, Vahdat K, Keshavarz M, Nabipour I. The COVID-19-diabetes mellitus molecular tetrahedron. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:4013-4024. [PMID: 35067816 PMCID: PMC8784222 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-07109-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating molecular evidence suggests that insulin resistance, rather than SARS-CoV-2- provoked beta-cell impairment, plays a major role in the observed rapid metabolic deterioration in diabetes, or new-onset hyperglycemia, during the COVID-19 clinical course. In order to clarify the underlying complexity of COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus interactions, we propose the imaginary diabetes-COVID-19 molecular tetrahedron with four lateral faces consisting of SARS-CoV-2 entry via ACE2 (lateral face 1), the viral hijacking and replication (lateral face 2), acute inflammatory responses (lateral face 3), and the resulting insulin resistance (lateral face 4). The entrance of SARS-CoV-2 using ACE2 receptor triggers an array of multiple molecular signaling beyond that of the angiotensin II/ACE2-Ang-(1-7) axis, such as down-regulation of PGC-1 α/irisin, increased SREBP-1c activity, upregulation of CD36 and Sirt1 inhibition leading to insulin resistance. In another arm of the molecular cascade, the SARS-CoV-2 hijacking and replication induces a series of molecular events in the host cell metabolic machinery, including upregulation of SREBP-2, decrement in Sirt1 expression, dysregulation in PPAR-ɣ, and LPI resulting in insulin resistance. The COVID-19-diabetes molecular tetrahedron may suggest novel targets for therapeutic interventions to overcome insulin resistance that underlies the pathophysiology of worsening metabolic control in patients with diabetes mellitus or the new-onset of hyperglycemia in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Mahmudpour
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Katayoun Vahdat
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mohsen Keshavarz
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Iraj Nabipour
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
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Zhang Y, Dong D, Xu X, He H, Zhu Y, Lei T, Ou H. Oxidized high-density lipoprotein promotes CD36 palmitoylation and increases lipid uptake in macrophages. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102000. [PMID: 35500650 PMCID: PMC9144050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidized high-density lipoprotein (oxHDL) reduces the ability of cells to mediate reverse cholesterol transport and also shows atherogenic properties. Palmitoylation of cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), an important receptor mediating lipoprotein uptake, is required for fatty acid endocytosis. However, the relationship between oxHDL and CD36 has not been described in mechanistic detail. Here, we demonstrate using acyl-biotin exchange analysis that oxHDL activates CD36 by increasing CD36 palmitoylation, which promotes efficient uptake in macrophages. This modification increased CD36 incorporation into plasma lipid rafts and activated downstream signaling mediators, such as Lyn, Fyn, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase, which elicited enhanced oxHDL uptake and foam cell formation. Furthermore, blocking CD36 palmitoylation with the pharmacological inhibitor 2-bromopalmitate decreased cell surface translocation and lowered oxHDL uptake in oxHDL-treated macrophages. We verified these results by transfecting oxHDL-induced macrophages with vectors expressing wildtype or mutant CD36 (mCD36) in which the cytoplasmic palmitoylated cysteine residues were replaced. We show that cells containing mCD36 exhibited less palmitoylated CD36, disrupted plasma membrane trafficking, and reduced protein stability. Moreover, in ApoE−/−CD36−/− mice, lipid accumulation at the aortic root in mice receiving the mCD36 vector was decreased, suggesting that CD36 palmitoylation is responsible for lipid uptake in vivo. Finally, our data indicated that palmitoylation of CD36 was dependent on DHHC6 (Asp-His-His-Cys) acyltransferase and its cofactor selenoprotein K, which increased the CD36/caveolin-1 interaction and membrane targeting in cells exposed to oxHDL. Altogether, our study uncovers a causal link between oxHDL and CD36 palmitoylation and provides insight into foam cell formation and atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Doudou Dong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Hui He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Tingwen Lei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Hailong Ou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
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[CD36 gene deletion reduces muscle insulin sensitivity in mice by up-regulating PTP1B expression]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2022; 42:392-398. [PMID: 35426803 PMCID: PMC9010982 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.03.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect CD36 deficiency on muscle insulin signaling in mice fed a normal-fat diet and explore the possible mechanism. METHODS Wild-type (WT) mice and systemic CD36 knockout (CD36-/-) mice with normal feeding for 14 weeks (n=12) were subjected to insulin tolerance test (ITT) after intraperitoneal injection with insulin (1 U/kg). Real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expressions of insulin receptor (IR), insulin receptor substrate 1/2 (IRS1/2) and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), and Western blotting was performed to detect the protein expressions of AKT, IR, IRS1/2 and PTP1B in the muscle tissues of the mice. Tyrosine phosphorylation of IR and IRS1 and histone acetylation of PTP1B promoter in muscle tissues were detected using co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), respectively. RESULTS CD36-/- mice showed significantly lowered insulin sensitivity with obviously decreased area under the insulin tolerance curve in comparison with the WT mice (P < 0.05). CD36-/- mice also had significantly higher serum insulin concentration and HOMA-IR than WT mice (P < 0.05). Western blotting showed that the p-AKT/AKT ratio in the muscle tissues was significantly decreased in CD36-/- mice as compared with the WT mice (P < 0.01). No significant differences were found in mRNA and protein levels of IR, IRS1 and IRS2 in the muscle tissues between WT and CD36-/- mice (P>0.05). In the muscle tissue of CD36-/- mice, tyrosine phosphorylation levels of IR and IRS1 were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and the mRNA and protein levels of PTP1B (P < 0.05) and histone acetylation level of PTP1B promoters (P < 0.01) were significantly increased as compared with those in the WT mice. Intraperitoneal injection of claramine, a PTP1B inhibitor, effectively improved the impairment of insulin sensitivity in CD36-/- mice. CONCLUSION CD36 is essential for maintaining muscle insulin sensitivity under physiological conditions, and CD36 gene deletion in mice causes impaired insulin sensitivity by up-regulating muscle PTP1B expression, which results in detyrosine phosphorylation of IR and IRS1.
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Rees A, Richards O, Chambers M, Jenkins BJ, Cronin JG, Thornton CA. Immunometabolic adaptation and immune plasticity in pregnancy and the bi-directional effects of obesity. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 208:132-146. [PMID: 35348641 PMCID: PMC9188350 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mandatory maternal metabolic and immunological changes are essential to pregnancy success. Parallel changes in metabolism and immune function make immunometabolism an attractive mechanism to enable dynamic immune adaptation during pregnancy. Immunometabolism is a burgeoning field with the underlying principle being that cellular metabolism underpins immune cell function. With whole body changes to the metabolism of carbohydrates, protein and lipids well recognised to occur in pregnancy and our growing understanding of immunometabolism as a determinant of immunoinflammatory effector responses, it would seem reasonable to expect immune plasticity during pregnancy to be linked to changes in the availability and handling of multiple nutrient energy sources by immune cells. While studies of immunometabolism in pregnancy are only just beginning, the recognised bi-directional interaction between metabolism and immune function in the metabolic disorder obesity might provide some of the earliest insights into the role of immunometabolism in immune plasticity in pregnancy. Characterised by chronic low-grade inflammation including in pregnant women, obesity is associated with numerous adverse outcomes during pregnancy and beyond for both mother and child. Concurrent changes in metabolism and immunoinflammation are consistently described but any causative link is not well established. Here we provide an overview of the metabolic and immunological changes that occur in pregnancy and how these might contribute to healthy versus adverse pregnancy outcomes with special consideration of possible interactions with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- April Rees
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Oliver Richards
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Megan Chambers
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Benjamin J Jenkins
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales SA2 8PP, UK
| | - James G Cronin
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Catherine A Thornton
- Corresponding author: Cathy Thornton, ILS1, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Campus, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales SA2 8PP, UK.
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Muir LA, Cho KW, Geletka LM, Baker NA, Flesher CG, Ehlers AP, Kaciroti N, Lindsly S, Ronquist S, Rajapakse I, O'Rourke RW, Lumeng CN. Human CD206+ macrophages associate with diabetes and adipose tissue lymphoid clusters. JCI Insight 2022; 7:146563. [PMID: 34990410 PMCID: PMC8855803 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.146563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) correlate with metabolic dysfunction in humans and are causal in development of insulin resistance in mice. Recent bulk and single-cell transcriptomics studies reveal a wide spectrum of gene expression signatures possible for macrophages that depends on context, but the signatures of human ATM subtypes are not well defined in obesity and diabetes. We profiled 3 prominent ATM subtypes from human adipose tissue in obesity and determined their relationship to type 2 diabetes. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and s.c. adipose tissue (SAT) samples were collected from diabetic and nondiabetic obese participants to evaluate cellular content and gene expression. VAT CD206+CD11c- ATMs were increased in diabetic participants, were scavenger receptor-rich with low intracellular lipids, secreted proinflammatory cytokines, and diverged significantly from 2 CD11c+ ATM subtypes, which were lipid-laden, were lipid antigen presenting, and overlapped with monocyte signatures. Furthermore, diabetic VAT was enriched for CD206+CD11c- ATM and inflammatory signatures, scavenger receptors, and MHC II antigen presentation genes. VAT immunostaining found CD206+CD11c- ATMs concentrated in vascularized lymphoid clusters adjacent to CD206-CD11c+ ATMs, while CD206+CD11c+ were distributed between adipocytes. Our results show ATM subtype-specific profiles that uniquely contribute to the phenotypic variation in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nicki A Baker
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Carmen G Flesher
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Anne P Ehlers
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Surgery, Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Niko Kaciroti
- Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Stephen Lindsly
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Scott Ronquist
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Indika Rajapakse
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Mathematics and.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Robert W O'Rourke
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Surgery, Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Carey N Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics and.,Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Banesh S, Layek S, Trivedi DV. Hemin acts as CD36 ligand to activate down-stream signalling to disturb immune responses and cytokine secretion from macrophages. Immunol Lett 2022; 243:1-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Qian H, Kuang Y, Su J, Chen M, Chen X, Lv C, Chen W, Zhu W. Reductive Effect of Acitretin on Blood Glucose Levels in Chinese Patients With Psoriasis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:764216. [PMID: 34977070 PMCID: PMC8716687 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.764216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Psoriasis is a skin condition associated with increased risks of developing metabolic diseases, such as diabetes and hyperlipidaemia. Retinoid drugs, including acitretin, are commonly used to treat psoriasis due to its low cost and tolerable side effects. Objective: This study aimed to explore the influence of acitretin on patients' metabolism levels, especially lipid and glucose. Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 685 psoriatic patients and 395 age/sex matched controls were enrolled. The demographic and biochemical indexes of each participant were recorded. Acitretin (30 mg/d) combined with the topical ointment calcipotriol was used to treat the psoriatic patients, and the glucose and lipid profiles of patients before and after acitretin treatment were analyzed. Results: The blood glucose levels of 685 psoriasis patients were significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.001), while the blood lipid levels showed no difference between psoriatic patients and the matched controls. Triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein levels were significantly increased in 247 patients (P < 0.05) after 8 weeks of treatment with acitretin. Interestingly, there was a remarkable downward trend in body mass index (BMI) and blood glucose levels (P < 0.05) after acitretin treatment. Additionally, expression of both GLUT1 and GLUT4 in HaCaT and HepG2 cells were significantly increased when treated with acitretin. Compared to acitretin-free cells, the uptake of 2-NBDG was significantly higher in HaCaT and HepG2 cells after incubation with 5000 ng/mL acitretin for 36 h. Conclusion: Acitretin plays a significant role of reducing the blood glucose level in psoriasis patients. The mechanism of lowering blood glucose may be through increasing glucose intake by cells, thereby reducing glucose levels in the peripheral blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Qian
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Dermatology, Soochow University Affiliated Children's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Yehong Kuang
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Su
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Menglin Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chengzhi Lv
- Department of Dermatology, Dalian Dermatology Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Wangqing Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Wangqing Chen
| | - Wu Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Wu Zhu
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Rekhi UR, Omar M, Alexiou M, Delyea C, Immaraj L, Elahi S, Febbraio M. Endothelial Cell CD36 Reduces Atherosclerosis and Controls Systemic Metabolism. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:768481. [PMID: 34888367 PMCID: PMC8650007 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.768481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
High-fat Western diets contribute to tissue dysregulation of fatty acid and glucose intake, resulting in obesity and insulin resistance and their sequelae, including atherosclerosis. New therapies are desperately needed to interrupt this epidemic. The significant idea driving this research is that the understudied regulation of fatty acid entry into tissues at the endothelial cell (EC) interface can provide novel therapeutic targets that will greatly modify health outcomes and advance health-related knowledge. Dysfunctional endothelium, defined as activated, pro-inflammatory, and pro-thrombotic, is critical in atherosclerosis initiation, in modulating thrombotic events that could result in myocardial infarction and stroke, and is a hallmark of insulin resistance. Dyslipidemia from high-fat diets overwhelmingly contributes to the development of dysfunctional endothelium. CD36 acts as a receptor for pathological ligands generated by high-fat diets and in fatty acid uptake, and therefore, it may additionally contribute to EC dysfunction. We created EC CD36 knockout (CD36°) mice using cre-lox technology and a cre-promoter that does not eliminate CD36 in hematopoietic cells (Tie2e cre). These mice were studied on different diets, and crossed to the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) knockout for atherosclerosis assessment. Our data show that EC CD36° and EC CD36°/LDLR° mice have metabolic changes suggestive of an uncompensated role for EC CD36 in fatty acid uptake. The mice lacking expression of EC CD36 had increased glucose clearance compared with controls when fed with multiple diets. EC CD36° male mice showed increased carbohydrate utilization and decreased energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry. Female EC CD36°/LDLR° mice have reduced atherosclerosis. Taken together, these data support a significant role for EC CD36 in systemic metabolism and reveal sex-specific impact on atherosclerosis and energy substrate use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar R Rekhi
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mohamed Omar
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Maria Alexiou
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Cole Delyea
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Linnet Immaraj
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shokrollah Elahi
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Maria Febbraio
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Cabrera-Reyes F, Parra-Ruiz C, Yuseff MI, Zanlungo S. Alterations in Lysosome Homeostasis in Lipid-Related Disorders: Impact on Metabolic Tissues and Immune Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:790568. [PMID: 34957117 PMCID: PMC8703004 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.790568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid-related disorders, which primarily affect metabolic tissues, including adipose tissue and the liver are associated with alterations in lysosome homeostasis. Obesity is one of the more prevalent diseases, which results in energy imbalance within metabolic tissues and lysosome dysfunction. Less frequent diseases include Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) and Gaucher diseases, both of which are known as Lysosomal Storage Diseases (LSDs), where lysosomal dysfunction within metabolic tissues remains to be fully characterized. Adipocytes and hepatocytes share common pathways involved in the lysosome-autophagic axis, which are regulated by the function of cathepsins and CD36, an immuno-metabolic receptor and display alterations in lipid diseases, and thereby impacting metabolic functions. In addition to intrinsic defects observed in metabolic tissues, cells of the immune system, such as B cells can infiltrate adipose and liver tissues, during metabolic imbalance favoring inflammation. Moreover, B cells rely on lysosomes to promote the processing and presentation of extracellular antigens and thus could also present lysosome dysfunction, consequently affecting such functions. On the other hand, growing evidence suggests that cells accumulating lipids display defective inter-organelle membrane contact sites (MCSs) established by lysosomes and other compartments, which contribute to metabolic dysfunctions at the cellular level. Overall, in this review we will discuss recent findings addressing common mechanisms that are involved in lysosome dysregulation in adipocytes and hepatocytes during obesity, NPC, and Gaucher diseases. We will discuss whether these mechanisms may modulate the function of B cells and how inter-organelle contacts, emerging as relevant cellular mechanisms in the control of lipid homeostasis, have an impact on these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Cabrera-Reyes
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Parra-Ruiz
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Isabel Yuseff
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Silvana Zanlungo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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The Role of Neuropeptide Y in Adipocyte-Macrophage Crosstalk during High Fat Diet-Induced Adipose Inflammation and Liver Steatosis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111739. [PMID: 34829968 PMCID: PMC8615496 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with an increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is initiated by adipocyte-macrophage crosstalk. Among the possible molecules regulating this crosstalk, we focused on neuropeptide Y (NPY), which is known to be involved in hypothalamic appetite and adipose tissue inflammation and metabolism. In this study, the NPY−/− mice showed a marked decrease in body weight and adiposity, and lower free fatty acid and adipose inflammation without food intake alteration during a high fat diet (HFD). Moreover, NPY deficiency increased the thermogenic genes expression in brown adipose tissue. Notably, NPY-mRNA expression was upregulated in macrophages from the HFD mice compared to that from the mice on a standard diet. The NPY-mRNA expression also positively correlated with the liver mass/body weight ratio. NPY deletion alleviated HFD-induced adipose inflammation and liver steatosis. Hence, our findings point toward a novel intracellular mechanism of NPY in the regulation of adipocyte-macrophage crosstalk and highlight NPY antagonism as a promising target for therapeutic approaches against obesity and NAFLD.
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Narasimhan A, Flores RR, Robbins PD, Niedernhofer LJ. Role of Cellular Senescence in Type II Diabetes. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6345039. [PMID: 34363464 PMCID: PMC8386762 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a cell fate that occurs in response to numerous types of stress and can promote tissue repair or drive inflammation and disruption of tissue homeostasis depending on the context. Aging and obesity lead to an increase in the senescent cell burden in multiple organs. Senescent cells release a myriad of senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors that directly mediate pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, adipose tissue dysfunction, and insulin resistance in peripheral tissues, which promote the onset of type II diabetes mellitus. In addition, hyperglycemia and metabolic changes seen in diabetes promote cellular senescence. Diabetes-induced cellular senescence contributes to various diabetic complications. Thus, type II diabetes is both a cause and consequence of cellular senescence. This review summarizes recent studies on the link between aging, obesity, and diabetes, focusing on the role of cellular senescence in disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akilavalli Narasimhan
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 55455, USA
| | - Rafael R Flores
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 55455, USA
| | - Paul D Robbins
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 55455, USA
| | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 55455, USA
- Correspondence: Laura J. Niedernhofer, MD, PhD, Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 6-155 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street, SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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Genome Profiling of H3k4me3 Histone Modification in Human Adipose Tissue during Obesity and Insulin Resistance. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101363. [PMID: 34680480 PMCID: PMC8533428 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction is involved in obesity-related comorbidities. Epigenetic alterations have been recently associated with AT deterioration in obesity conditions. In this work, we profiled the H3K4me3 histone mark in human AT, with special emphasis on the changes in the pattern of histone modification in obesity and insulin resistance (IR). Visceral AT (VAT) was collected and subjected to chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) using anti-H3K4me3 antibody and then sequenced to obtain the H3K4me3 genome profile. Results: We found that most of the H3K4me3 enriched regions were located in gene promoters of pathways related to AT biology and function. H3K4me3 enrichment at gene promoters was strongly related to higher mRNA levels. Differentially expressed genes in AT of patients classified as non-obese, obese with low IR, and obese with high IR could be regulated by differentially enriched H3K4me3; these genes encoded for pathways that could in part explain AT functioning during obesity and insulin resistance (e.g., extracellular matrix organization, PPARG signaling or inflammation). Conclusions: In conclusion, we emphasize the importance of the epigenetic mark H3K4me3 in VAT dysfunction in obesity and IR. The understanding of such mechanisms could give rise to the development of new epigenetic-based pharmacological strategies to ameliorate obesity-related comorbidities.
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Daquinag AC, Gao Z, Fussell C, Immaraj L, Pasqualini R, Arap W, Akimzhanov AM, Febbraio M, Kolonin MG. Fatty acid mobilization from adipose tissue is mediated by CD36 post-translational modifications and intracellular trafficking. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e147057. [PMID: 34314388 PMCID: PMC8492349 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.147057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism controlling long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) mobilization from adipose tissue is not well understood. Here, we investigated how the LCFA transporter CD36 regulates this process. By using tissue-specific KO mouse models, we showed that CD36 in adipocytes and endothelial cells mediated both LCFA deposition into and release from adipose tissue. We demonstrated the role of adipocytic and endothelial CD36 in promoting tumor growth and chemoresistance conferred by adipose tissue–derived LCFAs. We showed that dynamic cysteine S-acylation of CD36 in adipocytes, endothelial cells, and cancer cells mediated intercellular LCFA transport. We demonstrated that lipolysis induction in adipocytes triggered CD36 deacylation and deglycosylation, as well as its dissociation from interacting proteins, prohibitin-1 (PHB) and annexin 2 (ANX2). Our data indicate that lipolysis triggers caveolar endocytosis and translocation of CD36 from the cell membrane to lipid droplets. This study suggests a mechanism for both outside-in and inside-out cellular LCFA transport regulated by CD36 S-acylation and its interactions with PHB and ANX2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexes C Daquinag
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, United States of America
| | - Zhanguo Gao
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, United States of America
| | - Cale Fussell
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, United States of America
| | - Linnet Immaraj
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Renata Pasqualini
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, United States of America
| | - Wadih Arap
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, United States of America
| | - Askar M Akimzhanov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, United States of America
| | - Maria Febbraio
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Mikhail G Kolonin
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, United States of America
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Zingg JM, Vlad A, Ricciarelli R. Oxidized LDLs as Signaling Molecules. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081184. [PMID: 34439432 PMCID: PMC8389018 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Levels of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDLs) are usually low in vivo but can increase whenever the balance between formation and scavenging of free radicals is impaired. Under normal conditions, uptake and degradation represent the physiological cellular response to oxLDL exposure. The uptake of oxLDLs is mediated by cell surface scavenger receptors that may also act as signaling molecules. Under conditions of atherosclerosis, monocytes/macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells highly exposed to oxLDLs tend to convert to foam cells due to the intracellular accumulation of lipids. Moreover, the atherogenic process is accelerated by the increased expression of the scavenger receptors CD36, SR-BI, LOX-1, and SRA in response to high levels of oxLDL and oxidized lipids. In some respects, the effects of oxLDLs, involving cell proliferation, inflammation, apoptosis, adhesion, migration, senescence, and gene expression, can be seen as an adaptive response to the rise of free radicals in the vascular system. Unlike highly reactive radicals, circulating oxLDLs may signal to cells at more distant sites and possibly trigger a systemic antioxidant defense, thus elevating the role of oxLDLs to that of signaling molecules with physiological relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marc Zingg
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Correspondence: (J.-M.Z.); (R.R.); Tel.: +1-(305)-2433531 (J.-M.Z.); +39-010-3538831 (R.R.)
| | - Adelina Vlad
- Physiology Department, “Carol Davila” UMPh, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Roberta Ricciarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Correspondence: (J.-M.Z.); (R.R.); Tel.: +1-(305)-2433531 (J.-M.Z.); +39-010-3538831 (R.R.)
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Zhang XM, Gu YH, Deng H, Xu ZQ, Zhong ZY, Lyu XJ, Jin HM, Yang XH. Plasma Purification Treatment Relieves the Damage of Hyperlipidemia to PBMCs. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:691336. [PMID: 34307504 PMCID: PMC8292646 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.691336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hyperlipidemia {hypercholesterolemia [cholesterol >5.18 mmol/L) or hypertriglyceridemia [triglycerides >2.3 mmol/L], mixed hyperlipidemia [cholesterol >5.18 mmol/L and triglycerides >2.3 mmol/L], and high low-density lipoproteinemia [low-density lipoprotein (LDL) >3.4 mmol/L]} is a strong risk factor for arteriosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therapy with lipid-lowering drugs often results in many side effects. Our study aimed to investigate the potential effects of non-drug therapy with double-filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) on lipid metabolism-, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-, and apoptosis-related proteins in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) before and after lipid clearance in patients with hyperlipidemia. Methods: Thirty-five hyperlipidemia patients were selected. Proteins related to lipid metabolism [CD36, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), and LDL receptor], ER stress [glucose-regulated protein 78 (Grp78), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), and eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (EIF2α)], and apoptosis [B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX), and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3 (Caspase-3)] were assayed by Western blot, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by flow cytometry (FCM), and ELISA detected serum inflammatory [interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)] factors. Results: Compared with their pre-DFPP values, the values of most lipid metabolic parameters, such as cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, lipoprotein a [Lp(a)], and small dense LDL (sdLDL) cholesterol, were reduced after DFPP. DFPP was associated with the downregulation of proteins related to lipid metabolism, ER stress, and apoptosis, resulting in decreased ROS and serum inflammatory factor release. Conclusion: DFPP has lipid-lowering activity and can also regulate lipid metabolism-, ER stress-, and apoptosis-related proteins in PBMCs and reduce the levels of inflammatory factors in patients with hyperlipidemia (ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT03491956).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Meng Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Hong Gu
- Division of Nephrology, Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Deng
- Division of Nephrology, Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Quan Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ze Yuan Zhong
- Division of Orthopedic, Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Jie Lyu
- School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Hui Min Jin
- Division of Nephrology, Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiu Hong Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Visceral adipose tissue imparts peripheral macrophage influx into the hypothalamus. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:140. [PMID: 34154608 PMCID: PMC8218389 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02183-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is characterized by a systemic inflammation and hypothalamic neuroinflammation. Systemic inflammation is caused by macrophages that infiltrate obese adipose tissues. We previously demonstrated that high-fat diet (HFD)-fed male mice exhibited peripheral macrophage infiltration into the hypothalamus, in addition to activation of resident microglia. Since this infiltration contributes to neuroinflammation and neuronal impairment, herein we characterize the phenotype and origin of these hypothalamic macrophages in HFD mice. METHODS C57BL/6J mice were fed HFD (60% kcal from fat) or control diet with matching sucrose levels, for 12-16 weeks. Males and females were analyzed separately to determine sex-specific responses to HFD. Differences in hypothalamic gene expression in HFD-fed male and female mice, compared to their lean controls, in two different areas of the hypothalamus, were determined using the NanoString neuroinflammation panel. Phenotypic changes in macrophages that infiltrated the hypothalamus in HFD-fed mice were determined by analyzing cell surface markers using flow cytometry and compared to changes in macrophages from the adipose tissue and peritoneal cavity. Adipose tissue transplantation was performed to determine the source of hypothalamic macrophages. RESULTS We determined that hypothalamic gene expression profiles demonstrate sex-specific and region-specific diet-induced changes. Sex-specific changes included larger changes in males, while region-specific changes included larger changes in the area surrounding the median eminence. Several genes were identified that may provide partial protection to female mice. We also identified diet-induced changes in macrophage migration into the hypothalamus, adipose tissue, and peritoneal cavity, specifically in males. Further, we determined that hypothalamus-infiltrating macrophages express pro-inflammatory markers and markers of metabolically activated macrophages that were identical to markers of adipose tissue macrophages in HFD-fed mice. Employing adipose tissue transplant, we demonstrate that hypothalamic macrophages can originate from the visceral adipose tissue. CONCLUSION HFD-fed males experience higher neuroinflammation than females, likely because they accumulate more visceral fat, which provides a source of pro-inflammatory macrophages that migrate to other tissues, including the hypothalamus. Our findings may explain the male bias for neuroinflammation and the metabolic syndrome. Together, our results demonstrate a new connection between the adipose tissue and the hypothalamus in obesity that contributes to neuroinflammation and hypothalamic pathologies.
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Abstract
The thrombospondin family comprises of five multifunctional glycoproteins, whose best-studied member is thrombospondin 1 (TSP1). This matricellular protein is a potent antiangiogenic agent that inhibits endothelial migration and proliferation, and induces endothelial apoptosis. Studies have demonstrated a regulatory role of TSP1 in cell migration and in activation of the latent transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1). These functions of TSP1 translate into its broad modulation of immune processes. Further, imbalances in immune regulation have been increasingly linked to pathological conditions such as obesity and diabetes mellitus. While most studies in the past have focused on the role of TSP1 in cancer and inflammation, recently published data have revealed new insights about the role of TSP1 in physiological and metabolic disorders. Here, we highlight recent findings that associate TSP1 and its receptors to obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. TSP1 regulates nitric oxide, activates latent TGFβ1, and interacts with receptors CD36 and CD47, to play an important role in cell metabolism. Thus, TSP1 and its major receptors may be considered a potential therapeutic target for metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda S. Gutierrez
- Department of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes Barre, PA, United States
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Mandal N, Grambergs R, Mondal K, Basu SK, Tahia F, Dagogo-Jack S. Role of ceramides in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and its complications. J Diabetes Complications 2021; 35:107734. [PMID: 33268241 PMCID: PMC8663915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2020.107734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a systemic metabolic disease that affects 463 million adults worldwide and is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease, blindness, nephropathy, peripheral neuropathy, and lower-limb amputation. Lipids have long been recognized as contributors to the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of DM and its complications, but recent discoveries have highlighted ceramides, a class of bioactive sphingolipids with cell signaling and second messenger capabilities, as particularly important contributors to insulin resistance and the underlying mechanisms of DM complications. Besides their association with insulin resistance and pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes, evidence is emerging that certain species of ceramides are mediators of cellular mechanisms involved in the initiation and progression of microvascular and macrovascular complications of DM. Advances in our understanding of these associations provide unique opportunities for exploring ceramide species as potential novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers. This review discusses the links between ceramides and the pathogenesis of DM and diabetic complications and identifies opportunities for novel discoveries and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawajes Mandal
- The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.; The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Memphis, TN 38163, USA..
| | - Richard Grambergs
- The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Koushik Mondal
- The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Sandip K Basu
- The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Faiza Tahia
- The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.; The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Sam Dagogo-Jack
- The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Division of Endocrinology, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.; The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Clinical Research Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA..
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Wang X, Ma Y, Yang LY, Zhao D. MicroRNA-20a-5p Ameliorates Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via Inhibiting the Expression of CD36. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:596329. [PMID: 33344451 PMCID: PMC7744458 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.596329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid translocase CD36 (CD36) plays an important role in the initiation and pathogenesis of chronic liver disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The purpose of this study is to investigate the regulation of microRNA-20a-5p (miR-20a-5p) on CD36 in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Human plasma samples were obtained from NAFLD patients and healthy controls. Mice were fed with high-fat diet to induce an in vivo NAFLD model. Histology staining was performed to examine the morphology and lipid deposition of mouse liver tissue. Real-time PCR, dual-luciferase assay, and western blotting were employed to detect the relationship between miR-20a-5p and CD36. The expression level of miR-20a-5p was decreased in NAFLD patients, HFD mice, and free fatty acid (FFA)-treated HepG2 cells or primary mouse hepatocytes, accompanied by increased lipid production in hepatocytes. MiR-20a-5p suppressed the expression of CD36 to reduce lipid accumulation via binding to its 3'-untranslated region (UTR). However, under the condition of interference with CD36, further inhibition of miR-20a-5p would not cause lipid over-accumulation. In this study, we found that miR-20a-5p played a protective role in lipid metabolic disorders of NAFLD by targeting CD36, which indicated the prospect of miR-20a-5p as a biomarker and treatment target for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
| | - Long-Yan Yang
- Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
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Wang X, Ma Y, Yang LY, Zhao D. MicroRNA-20a-5p Ameliorates Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via Inhibiting the Expression of CD36. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:596329. [PMID: 33344451 PMCID: PMC7744458 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.596329; ecollection 2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid translocase CD36 (CD36) plays an important role in the initiation and pathogenesis of chronic liver disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The purpose of this study is to investigate the regulation of microRNA-20a-5p (miR-20a-5p) on CD36 in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Human plasma samples were obtained from NAFLD patients and healthy controls. Mice were fed with high-fat diet to induce an in vivo NAFLD model. Histology staining was performed to examine the morphology and lipid deposition of mouse liver tissue. Real-time PCR, dual-luciferase assay, and western blotting were employed to detect the relationship between miR-20a-5p and CD36. The expression level of miR-20a-5p was decreased in NAFLD patients, HFD mice, and free fatty acid (FFA)-treated HepG2 cells or primary mouse hepatocytes, accompanied by increased lipid production in hepatocytes. MiR-20a-5p suppressed the expression of CD36 to reduce lipid accumulation via binding to its 3'-untranslated region (UTR). However, under the condition of interference with CD36, further inhibition of miR-20a-5p would not cause lipid over-accumulation. In this study, we found that miR-20a-5p played a protective role in lipid metabolic disorders of NAFLD by targeting CD36, which indicated the prospect of miR-20a-5p as a biomarker and treatment target for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
| | - Long-Yan Yang
- Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
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Thomas RC, Kheder R, Alaridhee H, Martin N, Stover CM. Complement Properdin Regulates the Metabolo-Inflammatory Response to a High Fat Diet. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56090484. [PMID: 32971872 PMCID: PMC7558790 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56090484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Overnutrition leads to a metabolic and inflammatory response that includes the activation of Complement. Properdin is the only amplifier of complement activation and increases the provision of complement activation products. Its absence has previously been shown to lead to increased obesity in mice on a high fat diet. The aim of this study was to determine ways in which properdin contributes to a less pronounced obese phenotype. Materials and Methods: Wild type (WT) and properdin deficient mice (KO) were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for up to 12 weeks. Results: There was a significant increase in liver triglyceride content in the KO HFD group compared to WT on HFD. WT developed steatosis. KO had an additional inflammatory component (steatohepatitis). Analysis of AKT signalling by phosphorylation array supported a decrease in insulin sensitivity which was greater for KO than WT in liver and kidney. There was a significant decrease of C5L2 in the fat membranes of the KO HFD group compared to the WT HFD group. Circulating microparticles in KO HFD group showed lower presence of C5L2. Expression of the fatty acid transporter CD36 in adipose tissue was increased in KO on HFD and was also significantly increased in plasma of KO HFD mice compared to WT on HFD. CD36 was elevated on microparticles from KO on HFD. Ultrastructural changes consistent with obesity-associated glomerulopathy were observed for both HFD fed genotypes, but tubular strain was greater in KO. Conclusion: Our work demonstrates that complement properdin is a dominant factor in limiting the severity of obesity-associated conditions that impact on liver and kidney. The two receptors, C5L2 and CD36, are downstream of the activity exerted by properdin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rόisín C. Thomas
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK; (R.C.T.); (R.K.); (H.A.); (N.M.)
| | - Ramiar Kheder
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK; (R.C.T.); (R.K.); (H.A.); (N.M.)
| | - Hasanain Alaridhee
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK; (R.C.T.); (R.K.); (H.A.); (N.M.)
| | - Naomi Martin
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK; (R.C.T.); (R.K.); (H.A.); (N.M.)
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Cordula M. Stover
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK; (R.C.T.); (R.K.); (H.A.); (N.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-116-2525032
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Mokgalaboni K, Dludla PV, Mkandla Z, Mutize T, Nyambuya TM, Mxinwa V, Nkambule BB. Differential expression of glycoprotein IV on monocyte subsets following high-fat diet feeding and the impact of short-term low-dose aspirin treatment. Metabol Open 2020; 7:100047. [PMID: 33015602 PMCID: PMC7520890 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2020.100047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the levels of glycoprotein GPIV (CD36) expression on peripheral blood monocyte subsets, in a mouse model of glucose intolerance. Moreover, to determine the effect of; low-dose aspirin (LDA) alone, LDA combined with metformin, or clopidogrel alone, on the expression of CD36 on subsets of circulating monocytes. METHOD The study consisted of two experimental phases. In experiment one, the mice (n = 14) were randomised to receive a low-fat diet (LFD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) for eight weeks. Whereas the secondary phase of the experiment, comprised of twenty-four HFD-fed mice treated with LDA alone (3 mg/kg), or in combination with metformin (150 mg/kg), or clopidogrel alone (10 mg/kg) for six weeks. The surface expression of CD36 on monocytes was measured using flow cytometry. RESULT The levels of CD36 expression on monocytes were upregulated in the HFD-fed compared to LFD-fed group (p < 0.05). In addition, HFD group showed; no significant changes in body weight (p = 0.3848), however, blood glucose (p = 0.0002) and insulin (p = 0.0360) levels were markedly increased following HFD-feeding. Interestingly, all treatments reduced the expression of CD36 on monocytes, decreased fasting blood glucose levels (p = 0.0024) and increased circulating monocyte levels (p = 0.0217) when compared to the untreated HFD group. Moreover, treatment with LDA alone increased basophils levels (p = 0.0272), while when combined with metformin showed an improved effect in enhancing eosinophil levels (p = 0.0302). CONCLUSION HFD-feeding increased the expression of CD36 on monocyte subsets. LDA as a monotherapy or combined with metformin was as effective as clopidogrel monotherapy, in downregulating the expression of CD36 on monocyte subsets. These treatments may be of relevance in preventing cardiovascular complications associated with impaired glucose tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabelo Mokgalaboni
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences (SLMMS), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Phiwayinkosi V. Dludla
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), The South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, 60131, Italy
| | - Zibusiso Mkandla
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences (SLMMS), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Tinashe Mutize
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences (SLMMS), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Tawanda Maurice Nyambuya
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences (SLMMS), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Vuyolwethu Mxinwa
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences (SLMMS), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Bongani B. Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences (SLMMS), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa
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Millner A, Atilla-Gokcumen GE. Lipid Players of Cellular Senescence. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10090339. [PMID: 32839400 PMCID: PMC7570155 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10090339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipids are emerging as key players of senescence. Here, we review the exciting new findings on the diverse roles of lipids in cellular senescence, most of which are enabled by the advancements in omics approaches. Senescence is a cellular process in which the cell undergoes growth arrest while retaining metabolic activity. At the organismal level, senescence contributes to organismal aging and has been linked to numerous diseases. Current research has documented that senescent cells exhibit global alterations in lipid composition, leading to extensive morphological changes through membrane remodeling. Moreover, senescent cells adopt a secretory phenotype, releasing various components to their environment that can affect the surrounding tissue and induce an inflammatory response. All of these changes are membrane and, thus, lipid related. Our work, and that of others, has revealed that fatty acids, sphingolipids, and glycerolipids are involved in the initiation and maintenance of senescence and its associated inflammatory components. These studies opened up an exciting frontier to investigate the deeper mechanistic understanding of the regulation and function of these lipids in senescence. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive snapshot of the current state of the field and share our enthusiasm for the prospect of potential lipid-related protein targets for small-molecule therapy in pathologies involving senescence and its related inflammatory phenotypes.
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50
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Puchałowicz K, Rać ME. The Multifunctionality of CD36 in Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications-Update in Pathogenesis, Treatment and Monitoring. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081877. [PMID: 32796572 PMCID: PMC7465275 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
CD36 is a multiligand receptor contributing to glucose and lipid metabolism, immune response, inflammation, thrombosis, and fibrosis. A wide range of tissue expression includes cells sensitive to metabolic abnormalities associated with metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus (DM), such as monocytes and macrophages, epithelial cells, adipocytes, hepatocytes, skeletal and cardiac myocytes, pancreatic β-cells, kidney glomeruli and tubules cells, pericytes and pigment epithelium cells of the retina, and Schwann cells. These features make CD36 an important component of the pathogenesis of DM and its complications, but also a promising target in the treatment of these disorders. The detrimental effects of CD36 signaling are mediated by the uptake of fatty acids and modified lipoproteins, deposition of lipids and their lipotoxicity, alterations in insulin response and the utilization of energy substrates, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis leading to the progressive, often irreversible organ dysfunction. This review summarizes the extensive knowledge of the contribution of CD36 to DM and its complications, including nephropathy, retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy, and cardiomyopathy.
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