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Yadav DK, Srivastava GP, Singh A, Singh M, Yadav N, Tuteja N. Proteome-wide analysis reveals G protein-coupled receptor-like proteins in rice ( Oryza sativa). PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2024; 19:2365572. [PMID: 38904257 PMCID: PMC11195488 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2365572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest family of transmembrane proteins in metazoans that mediate the regulation of various physiological responses to discrete ligands through heterotrimeric G protein subunits. The existence of GPCRs in plant is contentious, but their comparable crucial role in various signaling pathways necessitates the identification of novel remote GPCR-like proteins that essentially interact with the plant G protein α subunit and facilitate the transduction of various stimuli. In this study, we identified three putative GPCR-like proteins (OsGPCRLPs) (LOC_Os06g09930.1, LOC_Os04g36630.1, and LOC_Os01g54784.1) in the rice proteome using a stringent bioinformatics workflow. The identified OsGPCRLPs exhibited a canonical GPCR 'type I' 7TM topology, patterns, and biologically significant sites for membrane anchorage and desensitization. Cluster-based interactome mapping revealed that the identified proteins interact with the G protein α subunit which is a characteristic feature of GPCRs. Computational results showing the interaction of identified GPCR-like proteins with G protein α subunit and its further validation by the membrane yeast-two-hybrid assay strongly suggest the presence of GPCR-like 7TM proteins in the rice proteome. The absence of a regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) box in the C- terminal domain, and the presence of signature motifs of canonical GPCR in the identified OsGPCRLPs strongly suggest that the rice proteome contains GPCR-like proteins that might be involved in signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh K. Yadav
- Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Gyan Prakash Srivastava
- Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Ananya Singh
- Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Madhavi Singh
- Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Neelam Yadav
- Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Narendra Tuteja
- Plant Molecular Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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2
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Su L, Li G, Chow BKC, Cardoso JCR. Neuropeptides and receptors in the cephalochordate: A crucial model for understanding the origin and evolution of vertebrate neuropeptide systems. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 592:112324. [PMID: 38944371 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Genomes and transcriptomes from diverse organisms are providing a wealth of data to explore the evolution and origin of neuropeptides and their receptors in metazoans. While most neuropeptide-receptor systems have been extensively studied in vertebrates, there is still a considerable lack of understanding regarding their functions in invertebrates, an extraordinarily diverse group that account for the majority of animal species on Earth. Cephalochordates, commonly known as amphioxus or lancelets, serve as the evolutionary proxy of the chordate ancestor. Their key evolutionary position, bridging the invertebrate to vertebrate transition, has been explored to uncover the origin, evolution, and function of vertebrate neuropeptide systems. Amphioxus genomes exhibit a high degree of sequence and structural conservation with vertebrates, and sequence and functional homologues of several vertebrate neuropeptide families are present in cephalochordates. This review aims to provide a comprehensively overview of the recent findings on neuropeptides and their receptors in cephalochordates, highlighting their significance as a model for understanding the complex evolution of neuropeptide signaling in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuru Su
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Guang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Billy K C Chow
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - João C R Cardoso
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
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3
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Seyedabadi M, Gurevich VV. Flavors of GPCR signaling bias. Neuropharmacology 2024; 261:110167. [PMID: 39306191 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
GPCRs are inherently flexible molecules existing in an equilibrium of multiple conformations. Binding of GPCR agonists shifts this equilibrium. Certain agonists can increase the fraction of active-like conformations that predispose the receptor to coupling to a particular signal transducer or a select group of transducers. Such agonists are called biased, in contrast to balanced agonists that facilitate signaling via all transducers the receptor couples to. These biased agonists preferentially channel the signaling of a GPCR to particular G proteins, GRKs, or arrestins. Preferential activation of particular G protein or arrestin subtypes can be beneficial, as it would reduce unwanted on-target side effects, widening the therapeutic window. However, biasing GPCRs has two important limitations: a) complete bias is impossible due to inherent flexibility of GPCRs; b) receptor-independent functions of signal transducer proteins cannot be directly affected by GPCR ligands or differential receptor barcoding by GRK phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Seyedabadi
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Vsevolod V Gurevich
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, 2200 Pierce Ave South, PRB, Rm. 417D, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
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4
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Freeman MR, Dooley AL, Beucler MJ, Sanders W, Moorman NJ, O'Connor CM, Miller WE. The Human Cytomegalovirus vGPCR UL33 is Essential for Efficient Lytic Replication in Epithelial Cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.18.609710. [PMID: 39345593 PMCID: PMC11429895 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.18.609710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a β-herpesvirus which is ubiquitous in the human population. HCMV has the largest genome of all known human herpesviruses, and thus encodes a large array of proteins that affect pathogenesis in different cell types. Given the large genome and the ability of HCMV to replicate in a range of cells, investigators have begun to identify viral proteins required for cell type-specific replication. There are four proteins encoded in the HCMV genome that are homologous to human G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs); these viral-encoded GPCRs (vGPCRs) are UL33, UL78, US27, and US28. In the current study, we find that deletion of all four vGPCR genes from a clinical isolate of HCMV severely attenuates lytic replication in both primary human salivary gland epithelial cells, as well as ARPE-19 retinal epithelial cells as evidenced by significant decreases in immediate early gene expression and virus production. Deletion of UL33 from the HCMV genome also results in a failure to efficiently replicate in epithelial cells, and this defect is manifested by decreased levels of immediate early, early, and late gene expression, as well as reduced viral production. We find that similar to US28, UL33 constitutively activates Gαq-dependent PLC-β signaling to high levels in these epithelial cells. We also find that UL33 transcription is more complicated than originally believed, and there is the potential for the virus to utilize various 5' UTRs to create novel UL33 proteins that are all capable of constitutive Gαq signaling. Taken together, these studies suggest that UL33 driven signaling is important for lytic HCMV replication in cells of epithelial origin.
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5
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Zeng W, Wang Y, Gao R, Wen H, Yu M. Unlocking the Reverse Targeting Mechanisms of Cannabidiol: Unveiling New Therapeutic Avenues. J Med Chem 2024; 67:14574-14585. [PMID: 39092992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main components of Cannabis sativa plants, have attracted a significant amount of attention due to their biological activities. This study identified GPR18 as the target of partial agonist CBD activating the p42/p44 MAPK pathway leading to migration of endometrial epithelial cells. Induced fit docking (IFD) showed that the affinity of THC for GPR18 is higher than that of CBD, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations showed that CBD-GPR18 complexes at 130/200 ns might have stable conformations, potentially activating GPR18 by changing the distances of key residues in its active pocket. In contrast, THC maintains "metastable" conformations, generating a "shrinking space" leading to full agonism of THC by adding mechanical constraints in GPR18's active pocket. Steered molecular dynamics (SMD) revealed GPR18's active pocket was influenced more by CBD's partial agonism compared with THC. This combined IFD-MD-SMD method may be used to explain the mechanism of activation of partial or full agonists of GPR18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology, Jiaxing 314019, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rui Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hongliang Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology, Jiaxing 314019, China
| | - Mingjia Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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Chen Y, Anderson MT, Payne N, Santori FR, Ivanova NB. Nuclear Receptors and the Hidden Language of the Metabolome. Cells 2024; 13:1284. [PMID: 39120315 PMCID: PMC11311682 DOI: 10.3390/cells13151284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs) are a family of ligand-regulated transcription factors that control key aspects of development and physiology. The regulation of NHRs by ligands derived from metabolism or diet makes them excellent pharmacological targets, and the mechanistic understanding of how NHRs interact with their ligands to regulate downstream gene networks, along with the identification of ligands for orphan NHRs, could enable innovative approaches for cellular engineering, disease modeling and regenerative medicine. We review recent discoveries in the identification of physiologic ligands for NHRs. We propose new models of ligand-receptor co-evolution, the emergence of hormonal function and models of regulation of NHR specificity and activity via one-ligand and two-ligand models as well as feedback loops. Lastly, we discuss limitations on the processes for the identification of physiologic NHR ligands and emerging new methodologies that could be used to identify the natural ligands for the remaining 17 orphan NHRs in the human genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Chen
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (Y.C.); (M.T.A.); (N.P.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Matthew Tom Anderson
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (Y.C.); (M.T.A.); (N.P.)
| | - Nathaniel Payne
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (Y.C.); (M.T.A.); (N.P.)
| | - Fabio R. Santori
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (Y.C.); (M.T.A.); (N.P.)
| | - Natalia B. Ivanova
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (Y.C.); (M.T.A.); (N.P.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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7
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Cavalu S, Saber S, Amer AE, Hamad RS, Abdel-Reheim MA, Elmorsy EA, Abdelhamid AM. The multifaceted role of beta-blockers in overcoming cancer progression and drug resistance: Extending beyond cardiovascular disorders. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23813. [PMID: 38976162 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400725rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Beta-blockers are commonly used medications that antagonize β-adrenoceptors, reducing sympathetic nervous system activity. Emerging evidence suggests that beta-blockers may also have anticancer effects and help overcome drug resistance in cancer treatment. This review summarizes the contribution of different isoforms of beta-adrenoceptors in cancer progression, the current preclinical and clinical data on associations between beta-blockers use and cancer outcomes, as well as their ability to enhance responses to chemotherapy and other standard therapies. We discuss proposed mechanisms, including effects on angiogenesis, metastasis, cancer stem cells, and apoptotic pathways. Overall, results from epidemiological studies and small clinical trials largely indicate the beneficial effects of beta-blockers on cancer progression and drug resistance. However, larger randomized controlled trials are needed to firmly establish their clinical efficacy and optimal utilization as adjuvant agents in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Cavalu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Sameh Saber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Amer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Rabab S Hamad
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Central Laboratory, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Elsayed A Elmorsy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amir Mohamed Abdelhamid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
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8
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Savransky S, White AD, Vilardaga JP. Deciphering the role of glycosaminoglycans in GPCR signaling. Cell Signal 2024; 118:111149. [PMID: 38522808 PMCID: PMC10999332 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are two essential components of the cell surface that regulate physiological processes in the body. GPCRs are the most extensive family of transmembrane receptors that control cellular responses to extracellular stimuli, while GAGs are polysaccharides that contribute to the function of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Due to their proximity to the plasma membrane, GAGs participate in signal transduction by interacting with various extracellular molecules and cell surface receptors. GAGs can directly interact with certain GPCRs or their ligands (chemokines, peptide hormones and neuropeptides, structural proteins, and enzymes) from the glutamate receptor family, the rhodopsin receptor family, the adhesion receptor family, and the secretin receptor family. These interactions have recently become an emerging topic, providing a new avenue for understanding how GPCR signaling is regulated. This review discusses our current state of knowledge about the role of GAGs in GPCR signaling and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofya Savransky
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Graduate Program in Molecular Pharmacology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - Alex D White
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Graduate Program in Molecular Pharmacology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Vilardaga
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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9
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Clark PJ, Brodnik ZD, España RA. Chemogenetic Signaling in Space and Time: Considerations for Designing Neuroscience Experiments Using DREADDs. Neuroscientist 2024; 30:328-346. [PMID: 36408535 DOI: 10.1177/10738584221134587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The use of designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) has led to significant advances in our understanding of the neural circuits that govern behavior. By allowing selective control over cellular activity and signaling, DREADDs have become an integral tool for defining the pathways and cellular phenotypes that regulate sleep, pain, motor activity, goal-directed behaviors, and a variety of other processes. In this review, we provide a brief overview of DREADDs and discuss notable discoveries in the neurosciences with an emphasis on circuit mechanisms. We then highlight methodological approaches to achieve pathway specific activation of DREADDs. Finally, we discuss spatial and temporal constraints of DREADDs signaling and how these features can be incorporated into experimental designs to precisely dissect circuits of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Clark
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zachary D Brodnik
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rodrigo A España
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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10
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Duan J, He XH, Li SJ, Xu HE. Cryo-electron microscopy for GPCR research and drug discovery in endocrinology and metabolism. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024; 20:349-365. [PMID: 38424377 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-00957-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of cell surface receptors, with many GPCRs having crucial roles in endocrinology and metabolism. Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has revolutionized the field of structural biology, particularly regarding GPCRs, over the past decade. Since the first pair of GPCR structures resolved by cryo-EM were published in 2017, the number of GPCR structures resolved by cryo-EM has surpassed the number resolved by X-ray crystallography by 30%, reaching >650, and the number has doubled every ~0.63 years for the past 6 years. At this pace, it is predicted that the structure of 90% of all human GPCRs will be completed within the next 5-7 years. This Review highlights the general structural features and principles that guide GPCR ligand recognition, receptor activation, G protein coupling, arrestin recruitment and regulation by GPCR kinases. The Review also highlights the diversity of GPCR allosteric binding sites and how allosteric ligands could dictate biased signalling that is selective for a G protein pathway or an arrestin pathway. Finally, the authors use the examples of glycoprotein hormone receptors and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor to illustrate the effect of cryo-EM on understanding GPCR biology in endocrinology and metabolism, as well as on GPCR-related endocrine diseases and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Duan
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Xin-Heng He
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - H Eric Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
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11
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Cardoso JCR, Mc Shane JC, Li Z, Peng M, Power DM. Revisiting the evolution of Family B1 GPCRs and ligands: Insights from mollusca. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 586:112192. [PMID: 38408601 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Family B1 G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are one of the most well studied neuropeptide receptor families since they play a central role in many biological processes including endocrine, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and reproduction in animals. The genes for these receptors emerged from a common ancestral gene in bilaterian genomes and evolved via gene/genome duplications and deletions in vertebrate and invertebrate genomes. Their existence and function have mostly been characterized in vertebrates and few studies exist in invertebrate species. Recently, an increased interest in molluscs, means a series of genomes have become available, and since they are less modified than insect and nematode genomes, they are ideal to explore the origin and evolution of neuropeptide gene families. This review provides an overview of Family B1 GPCRs and their peptide ligands and incorporates new data obtained from Mollusca genomes and taking a comparative approach challenges existing models on their origin and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- João C R Cardoso
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Jennifer C Mc Shane
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Zhi Li
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Maoxiao Peng
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Deborah M Power
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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12
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Jobe A, Vijayan R. Orphan G protein-coupled receptors: the ongoing search for a home. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1349097. [PMID: 38495099 PMCID: PMC10941346 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1349097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) make up the largest receptor superfamily, accounting for 4% of protein-coding genes. Despite the prevalence of such transmembrane receptors, a significant number remain orphans, lacking identified endogenous ligands. Since their conception, the reverse pharmacology approach has been used to characterize such receptors. However, the multifaceted and nuanced nature of GPCR signaling poses a great challenge to their pharmacological elucidation. Considering their therapeutic relevance, the search for native orphan GPCR ligands continues. Despite limited structural input in terms of 3D crystallized structures, with advances in machine-learning approaches, there has been great progress with respect to accurate ligand prediction. Though such an approach proves valuable given that ligand scarcity is the greatest hurdle to orphan GPCR deorphanization, the future pairings of the remaining orphan GPCRs may not necessarily take a one-size-fits-all approach but should be more comprehensive in accounting for numerous nuanced possibilities to cover the full spectrum of GPCR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amie Jobe
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ranjit Vijayan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- The Big Data Analytics Center, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Bin Sultan Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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13
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Miller WE, O'Connor CM. CMV-encoded GPCRs in infection, disease, and pathogenesis. Adv Virus Res 2024; 118:1-75. [PMID: 38461029 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are seven-transmembrane domain proteins that modulate cellular processes in response to external stimuli. These receptors represent the largest family of membrane proteins, and in mammals, their signaling regulates important physiological functions, such as vision, taste, and olfaction. Many organisms, including yeast, slime molds, and viruses encode GPCRs. Cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) are large, betaherpesviruses, that encode viral GPCRs (vGPCRs). Human CMV (HCMV) encodes four vGPCRs, including UL33, UL78, US27, and US28. Each of these vGPCRs, as well as their rodent and primate orthologues, have been investigated for their contributions to viral infection and disease. Herein, we discuss how the CMV vGPCRs function during lytic and latent infection, as well as our understanding of how they impact viral pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- William E Miller
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Bioscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Christine M O'Connor
- Infection Biology, Sheikha Fatima bint Mubarak Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States; Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, United States.
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14
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Matsoukas MT, Panagiotopoulos V, Karageorgos V, Chrousos GP, Venihaki M, Liapakis G. Structural and Functional Insights into CRF Peptides and Their Receptors. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:120. [PMID: 38392338 PMCID: PMC10886364 DOI: 10.3390/biology13020120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing factor or hormone (CRF or CRH) and the urocortins regulate a plethora of physiological functions and are involved in many pathophysiological processes. CRF and urocortins belong to the family of CRF peptides (CRF family), which includes sauvagine, urotensin, and many synthetic peptide and non-peptide CRF analogs. Several of the CRF analogs have shown considerable therapeutic potential in the treatment of various diseases. The CRF peptide family act by interacting with two types of plasma membrane proteins, type 1 (CRF1R) and type 2 (CRF2R), which belong to subfamily B1 of the family B G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). This work describes the structure of CRF peptides and their receptors and the activation mechanism of the latter, which is compared with that of other GPCRs. It also discusses recent structural information that rationalizes the selective binding of various ligands to the two CRF receptor types and the activation of receptors by different agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minos-Timotheos Matsoukas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece
| | - Vasilis Panagiotopoulos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece
| | - Vlasios Karageorgos
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - George P Chrousos
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine and UNESCO, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Livadias 8, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Venihaki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Liapakis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
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15
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Gardner J, Eiger DS, Hicks C, Choi I, Pham U, Chundi A, Namjoshi O, Rajagopal S. GPCR kinases differentially modulate biased signaling downstream of CXCR3 depending on their subcellular localization. Sci Signal 2024; 17:eadd9139. [PMID: 38349966 PMCID: PMC10927030 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.add9139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Some G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) demonstrate biased signaling such that ligands of the same receptor exclusively or preferentially activate certain downstream signaling pathways over others. This phenomenon may result from ligand-specific receptor phosphorylation by GPCR kinases (GRKs). GPCR signaling can also exhibit location bias because GPCRs traffic to and signal from subcellular compartments in addition to the plasma membrane. Here, we investigated whether GRKs contributed to location bias in GPCR signaling. GRKs translocated to endosomes after stimulation of the chemokine receptor CXCR3 or other GPCRs in cultured cells. GRK2, GRK3, GRK5, and GRK6 showed distinct patterns of recruitment to the plasma membrane and to endosomes depending on the identity of the biased ligand used to activate CXCR3. Analysis of engineered forms of GRKs that localized to either the plasma membrane or endosomes demonstrated that biased CXCR3 ligands elicited different signaling profiles that depended on the subcellular location of the GRK. Each GRK exerted a distinct effect on the regulation of CXCR3 engagement of β-arrestin, internalization, and activation of the downstream effector kinase ERK. Our work highlights a role for GRKs in location-biased GPCR signaling and demonstrates the complex interactions between ligands, GRKs, and cellular location that contribute to biased signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Gardner
- Trinity College, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | | | - Chloe Hicks
- Trinity College, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Issac Choi
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Uyen Pham
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Anand Chundi
- Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Ojas Namjoshi
- Center for Drug Discovery RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
- Present address: Engine Biosciences, 733 Industrial Rd., San Carlos, CA, 94070, USA
| | - Sudarshan Rajagopal
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
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16
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Ange JS, Weng Y, Stevenson ME, Kaletsky R, Moore RS, Zhou S, Murphy CT. Adult Single-nucleus Neuronal Transcriptomes of Insulin Signaling Mutants Reveal Regulators of Behavior and Learning. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.07.579364. [PMID: 38370779 PMCID: PMC10871314 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.07.579364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The insulin/insulin-like signaling (IIS) pathway regulates many of C. elegans' adult functions, including learning and memory 1 . While whole-worm and tissue-specific transcriptomic analyses have identified IIS targets 2,3 , a higher-resolution single-cell approach is required to identify changes that confer neuron-specific improvements in the long-lived insulin receptor mutant, daf-2 . To understand how behaviors that are controlled by a small number of neurons change in daf-2 mutants, we used the deep resolution of single-nucleus RNA sequencing to define each neuron type's transcriptome in adult wild-type and daf-2 mutants. First, we found surprising differences between wild-type L4 larval neurons and young adult neurons in chemoreceptor expression, synaptic genes, and learning and memory genes. These Day 1 adult neuron transcriptomes allowed us to identify adult AWC-specific regulators of chemosensory function and to predict neuron-to-neuron peptide/receptor pairs. We then identified gene expression changes that correlate with daf-2's improved cognitive functions, particularly in the AWC sensory neuron that controls learning and associative memory 4 , and used behavioral assays to test their roles in cognitive function. Combining deep single-neuron transcriptomics, genetic manipulation, and behavioral analyses enabled us to identify genes that may function in a single adult neuron to control behavior, including conserved genes that function in learning and memory. One-Sentence Summary Single-nucleus sequencing of adult wild-type and daf-2 C. elegans neurons reveals functionally relevant transcriptional changes, including regulators of chemosensation, learning, and memory.
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17
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Kim DM, Sakamoto I, Arioka M. Class VI G protein-coupled receptors in Aspergillus oryzae regulate sclerotia formation through GTPase-activating activity. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:141. [PMID: 38231240 PMCID: PMC10794492 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12862-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprise the largest family of transmembrane receptors in eukaryotes that sense and transduce extracellular signals into cells. In Aspergillus oryzae, 16 canonical GPCR genes are identified and classified into nine classes based on the sequence similarity and proposed functions. Class VI GPCRs (AoGprK-1, AoGprK-2, and AoGprR in A. oryzae), unlike other GPCRs, feature a unique hybrid structure containing both the seven transmembrane (7-TM) and regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) domains, which is not found in animal GPCRs. We report here that the mutants with double or triple deletion of class VI GPCR genes produced significantly increased number of sclerotia compared to the control strain when grown on agar plates. Interestingly, complementation analysis demonstrated that the expression of the RGS domain without the 7-TM domain is sufficient to restore the phenotype. In line with this, among the three Gα subunits in A. oryzae, AoGpaA, AoGpaB, and AoGanA, forced expression of GTPase-deficient mutants of either AoGpaA or AoGpaB caused an increase in the number of sclerotia formed, suggesting that RGS domains of class VI GPCRs are the negative regulators of these two GTPases. Finally, we measured the expression of velvet complex genes and sclerotia formation-related genes and found that the expression of velB was significantly increased in the multiple gene deletion mutants. Taken together, these results demonstrate that class VI GPCRs negatively regulate sclerotia formation through their GTPase-activating activity in the RGS domains. KEY POINTS: • Class VI GPCRs in A. oryzae regulate sclerotia formation in A. oryzae • RGS function of class VI GPCRs is responsible for regulation of sclerotia formation • Loss of class VI GPCRs resulted in increased expression of sclerotia-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Min Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Itsuki Sakamoto
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Manabu Arioka
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology (CRIIM), The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
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18
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Walker LM, Sherpa RN, Ivaturi S, Brock DA, Larsen TJ, Walker JR, Strassmann JE, Queller DC. Parallel evolution of the G protein-coupled receptor GrlG and the loss of fruiting body formation in the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum evolved under low relatedness. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2023; 14:jkad235. [PMID: 37832511 PMCID: PMC10755179 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkad235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Aggregative multicellularity relies on cooperation among formerly independent cells to form a multicellular body. Previous work with Dictyostelium discoideum showed that experimental evolution under low relatedness profoundly decreased cooperation, as indicated by the loss of fruiting body formation in many clones and an increase of cheaters that contribute proportionally more to spores than to the dead stalk. Using whole-genome sequencing and variant analysis of these lines, we identified 38 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 29 genes. Each gene had 1 variant except for grlG (encoding a G protein-coupled receptor), which had 10 unique SNPs and 5 structural variants. Variants in the 5' half of grlG-the region encoding the signal peptide and the extracellular binding domain-were significantly associated with the loss of fruiting body formation; the association was not significant in the 3' half of the gene. These results suggest that the loss of grlG was adaptive under low relatedness and that at least the 5' half of the gene is important for cooperation and multicellular development. This is surprising given some previous evidence that grlG encodes a folate receptor involved in predation, which occurs only during the single-celled stage. However, non-fruiting mutants showed little increase in a parallel evolution experiment where the multicellular stage was prevented from happening. This shows that non-fruiting mutants are not generally selected by any predation advantage but rather by something-likely cheating-during the multicellular stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Walker
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Rintsen N Sherpa
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sindhuri Ivaturi
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Debra A Brock
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Tyler J Larsen
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Jason R Walker
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Joan E Strassmann
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - David C Queller
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
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19
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Guidolin D, Tortorella C, Marcoli M, Cervetto C, De Caro R, Maura G, Agnati LF. Modulation of Neuron and Astrocyte Dopamine Receptors via Receptor-Receptor Interactions. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1427. [PMID: 37895898 PMCID: PMC10610355 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine neurotransmission plays critical roles in regulating complex cognitive and behavioral processes including reward, motivation, reinforcement learning, and movement. Dopamine receptors are classified into five subtypes, widely distributed across the brain, including regions responsible for motor functions and specific areas related to cognitive and emotional functions. Dopamine also acts on astrocytes, which express dopamine receptors as well. The discovery of direct receptor-receptor interactions, leading to the formation of multimeric receptor complexes at the cell membrane and providing the cell decoding apparatus with flexible dynamics in terms of recognition and signal transduction, has expanded the knowledge of the G-protein-coupled receptor-mediated signaling processes. The purpose of this review article is to provide an overview of currently identified receptor complexes containing dopamine receptors and of their modulatory action on dopamine-mediated signaling between neurons and between neurons and astrocytes. Pharmacological possibilities offered by targeting receptor complexes in terms of addressing neuropsychiatric disorders associated with altered dopamine signaling will also be briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Guidolin
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (C.T.); (R.D.C.)
| | - Cinzia Tortorella
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (C.T.); (R.D.C.)
| | - Manuela Marcoli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy; (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.M.)
| | - Chiara Cervetto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy; (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.M.)
| | - Raffaele De Caro
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (C.T.); (R.D.C.)
| | - Guido Maura
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy; (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.M.)
| | - Luigi F. Agnati
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic Sciences and Neuroscience, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy;
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20
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McCulloch KJ, Babonis LS, Liu A, Daly CM, Martindale MQ, Koenig KM. Nematostella vectensis exemplifies the exceptional expansion and diversity of opsins in the eyeless Hexacorallia. EvoDevo 2023; 14:14. [PMID: 37735470 PMCID: PMC10512536 DOI: 10.1186/s13227-023-00218-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opsins are the primary proteins responsible for light detection in animals. Cnidarians (jellyfish, sea anemones, corals) have diverse visual systems that have evolved in parallel with bilaterians (squid, flies, fish) for hundreds of millions of years. Medusozoans (e.g., jellyfish, hydroids) have evolved eyes multiple times, each time independently incorporating distinct opsin orthologs. Anthozoans (e.g., corals, sea anemones,) have diverse light-mediated behaviors and, despite being eyeless, exhibit more extensive opsin duplications than medusozoans. To better understand the evolution of photosensitivity in animals without eyes, we increased anthozoan representation in the phylogeny of animal opsins and investigated the large but poorly characterized opsin family in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis. RESULTS We analyzed genomic and transcriptomic data from 16 species of cnidarians to generate a large opsin phylogeny (708 sequences) with the largest sampling of anthozoan sequences to date. We identified 29 opsins from N. vectensis (NvOpsins) with high confidence, using transcriptomic and genomic datasets. We found that lineage-specific opsin duplications are common across Cnidaria, with anthozoan lineages exhibiting among the highest numbers of opsins in animals. To establish putative photosensory function of NvOpsins, we identified canonically conserved protein domains and amino acid sequences essential for opsin function in other animal species. We show high sequence diversity among NvOpsins at sites important for photoreception and transduction, suggesting potentially diverse functions. We further examined the spatiotemporal expression of NvOpsins and found both dynamic expression of opsins during embryonic development and sexually dimorphic opsin expression in adults. CONCLUSIONS These data show that lineage-specific duplication and divergence has led to expansive diversity of opsins in eyeless cnidarians, suggesting opsins from these animals may exhibit novel biochemical functions. The variable expression patterns of opsins in N. vectensis suggest opsin gene duplications allowed for a radiation of unique sensory cell types with tissue- and stage-specific functions. This diffuse network of distinct sensory cell types could be an adaptive solution for varied sensory tasks experienced in distinct life history stages in Anthozoans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle J McCulloch
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Leslie S Babonis
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Whitney Lab for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida, St. Augustine, FL, 32080, USA
| | - Alicia Liu
- John Harvard Distinguished Science Fellowship Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA , 02138, , USA
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Christina M Daly
- John Harvard Distinguished Science Fellowship Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA , 02138, , USA
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Mark Q Martindale
- Whitney Lab for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida, St. Augustine, FL, 32080, USA
| | - Kristen M Koenig
- John Harvard Distinguished Science Fellowship Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA , 02138, , USA.
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
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21
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Nho RS, Rice C, Prasad J, Bone H, Farkas L, Rojas M, Horowitz JC. Persistent hypoxia promotes myofibroblast differentiation via GPR-81 and differential regulation of LDH isoenzymes in normal and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis fibroblasts. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15759. [PMID: 37653539 PMCID: PMC10471601 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, a state of insufficient oxygen availability, promotes cellular lactate production. Lactate levels are increased in lungs from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a disease characterized by excessive scar formation, and lactate is implicated in the pathobiology of lung fibrosis. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of hypoxia and lactate on fibroblast phenotype are poorly understood. We exposed normal and IPF lung fibroblasts to persistent hypoxia and found that increased lactate generation by IPF fibroblasts was driven by the FoxM1-dependent increase of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) coupled with decreased LDHB that was not observed in normal lung fibroblasts. Importantly, hypoxia reduced α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression in normal fibroblasts but had no significant impact on this marker of differentiation in IPF fibroblasts. Treatment of control and IPF fibroblasts with TGF-β under hypoxic conditions did not significantly change LDHA or LDHB expression. Surprisingly, lactate directly induced the differentiation of normal, but not IPF fibroblasts under hypoxic conditions. Moreover, while expression of GPR-81, a G-protein-coupled receptor that binds extracellular lactate, was increased by hypoxia in both normal and IPF fibroblasts, its inhibition or silencing only suppressed lactate-mediated differentiation in normal fibroblasts. These studies show that hypoxia differentially affects normal and fibrotic fibroblasts, promoting increased lactate generation by IPF fibroblasts through regulation of the LDHA/LDHB ratio and promoting normal lung fibroblast responsiveness to lactate through GPR-81. This supports a novel paradigm in which lactate may serve as a paracrine intercellular signal in oxygen-deficient microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard S. Nho
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Cami Rice
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Jayendra Prasad
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Hannah Bone
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Laszlo Farkas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Jeffrey C. Horowitz
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
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22
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Waury K, de Wit R, Verberk IMW, Teunissen CE, Abeln S. Deciphering Protein Secretion from the Brain to Cerebrospinal Fluid for Biomarker Discovery. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:3068-3080. [PMID: 37606934 PMCID: PMC10476268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an essential matrix for the discovery of neurological disease biomarkers. However, the high dynamic range of protein concentrations in CSF hinders the detection of the least abundant protein biomarkers by untargeted mass spectrometry. It is thus beneficial to gain a deeper understanding of the secretion processes within the brain. Here, we aim to explore if and how the secretion of brain proteins to the CSF can be predicted. By combining a curated CSF proteome and the brain elevated proteome of the Human Protein Atlas, brain proteins were classified as CSF or non-CSF secreted. A machine learning model was trained on a range of sequence-based features to differentiate between CSF and non-CSF groups and effectively predict the brain origin of proteins. The classification model achieves an area under the curve of 0.89 if using high confidence CSF proteins. The most important prediction features include the subcellular localization, signal peptides, and transmembrane regions. The classifier generalized well to the larger brain detected proteome and is able to correctly predict novel CSF proteins identified by affinity proteomics. In addition to elucidating the underlying mechanisms of protein secretion, the trained classification model can support biomarker candidate selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Waury
- Department
of Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit
Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Renske de Wit
- Department
of Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit
Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inge M. W. Verberk
- Neurochemistry
Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E. Teunissen
- Neurochemistry
Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne Abeln
- Department
of Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit
Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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23
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Moggioli G, Panossian B, Sun Y, Thiel D, Martín-Zamora FM, Tran M, Clifford AM, Goffredi SK, Rimskaya-Korsakova N, Jékely G, Tresguerres M, Qian PY, Qiu JW, Rouse GW, Henry LM, Martín-Durán JM. Distinct genomic routes underlie transitions to specialised symbiotic lifestyles in deep-sea annelid worms. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2814. [PMID: 37198188 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38521-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial symbioses allow annelids to colonise extreme ecological niches, such as hydrothermal vents and whale falls. Yet, the genetic principles sustaining these symbioses remain unclear. Here, we show that different genomic adaptations underpin the symbioses of phylogenetically related annelids with distinct nutritional strategies. Genome compaction and extensive gene losses distinguish the heterotrophic symbiosis of the bone-eating worm Osedax frankpressi from the chemoautotrophic symbiosis of deep-sea Vestimentifera. Osedax's endosymbionts complement many of the host's metabolic deficiencies, including the loss of pathways to recycle nitrogen and synthesise some amino acids. Osedax's endosymbionts possess the glyoxylate cycle, which could allow more efficient catabolism of bone-derived nutrients and the production of carbohydrates from fatty acids. Unlike in most Vestimentifera, innate immunity genes are reduced in O. frankpressi, which, however, has an expansion of matrix metalloproteases to digest collagen. Our study supports that distinct nutritional interactions influence host genome evolution differently in highly specialised symbioses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Moggioli
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, E1 4NS, London, UK
| | - Balig Panossian
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, E1 4NS, London, UK
| | - Yanan Sun
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Daniel Thiel
- Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Francisco M Martín-Zamora
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, E1 4NS, London, UK
| | - Martin Tran
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, E1 4NS, London, UK
| | - Alexander M Clifford
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | - Nadezhda Rimskaya-Korsakova
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Institute of Zoology and Evolutionary Research, Erbertstr. 1, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Gáspár Jékely
- Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Martin Tresguerres
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Pei-Yuan Qian
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Jian-Wen Qiu
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Greg W Rouse
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Lee M Henry
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, E1 4NS, London, UK.
| | - José M Martín-Durán
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, E1 4NS, London, UK.
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24
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Arslan M. Whole-genome sequencing and genomic analysis of Norduz goat (Capra hircus). Mamm Genome 2023:10.1007/s00335-023-09990-3. [PMID: 37004528 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-023-09990-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Artificial and natural selective breeding of goats has resulted in many different goat breeds all around the world. Norduz goat is one of these breeds, and it is a local goat breed of Turkey. The goats are favorable due to pre-weaning viability and reproduction values compared to the regional breeds. Development in sequencing technologies has let to understand huge genomic structures and complex phenotypes. Until now, such a comprehensive study has not been carried out to understand the genomic structure of the Norduz goats, yet. In the study, the next-generation sequencing was carried out to understand the genomic structure of Norduz goat. Real-time PCR was used to evaluate prominent CNVs in the Norduz goat individuals. Whole genome of the goat was constructed with an average of 33.1X coverage level. In the stringent filtering condition, 9,757,980 SNPs, 1,536,715 InDels, and 290 CNVs were detected in the Norduz goat genome. Functional analysis of high-impact SNP variations showed that the classical complement activation biological process was affected significantly in the goat. CNVs in the goat genome were found in genes related to defense against viruses, immune response, and cell membrane transporters. It was shown that GBP2, GBP5, and mammalian ortholog GBP1, which are INF-stimulated GTPases, were found to be high copy numbers in the goats. To conclude, genetic variations mainly in immunological response processes suggest that Norduz goat is an immunologically improved goat breed and natural selection could take an important role in the genetical improvements of the goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mevlüt Arslan
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Tuşba, 65080, Van, Turkey.
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Reid KM, Steel D, Nair S, Bhate S, Biassoni L, Sudhakar S, Heys M, Burke E, Kamsteeg EJ, Hameed B, Zech M, Mencacci NE, Barwick K, Topf M, Kurian MA. Loss-of-Function Variants in DRD1 in Infantile Parkinsonism-Dystonia. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071046. [PMID: 37048120 PMCID: PMC10093404 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The human dopaminergic system is vital for a broad range of neurological processes, including the control of voluntary movement. Here we report a proband presenting with clinical features of dopamine deficiency: severe infantile parkinsonism-dystonia, characterised by frequent oculogyric crises, dysautonomia and global neurodevelopmental impairment. CSF neurotransmitter analysis was unexpectedly normal. Triome whole-genome sequencing revealed a homozygous variant (c.110C>A, (p.T37K)) in DRD1, encoding the most abundant dopamine receptor (D1) in the central nervous system, most highly expressed in the striatum. This variant was absent from gnomAD, with a CADD score of 27.5. Using an in vitro heterologous expression system, we determined that DRD1-T37K results in loss of protein function. Structure-function modelling studies predicted reduced substrate binding, which was confirmed in vitro. Exposure of mutant protein to the selective D1 agonist Chloro APB resulted in significantly reduced cyclic AMP levels. Numerous D1 agonists failed to rescue the cellular defect, reflected clinically in the patient, who had no benefit from dopaminergic therapy. Our study identifies DRD1 as a new disease-associated gene, suggesting a crucial role for the D1 receptor in motor control.
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Hall G, Kelly S, Schaap P, Schilde C. Phylogeny-wide analysis of G-protein coupled receptors in social amoebas and implications for the evolution of multicellularity. OPEN RESEARCH EUROPE 2023; 2:134. [PMID: 37645274 PMCID: PMC10445921 DOI: 10.12688/openreseurope.15250.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are seven-transmembrane proteins and constitute the largest group of receptors within eukaryotes. The presence of a large set of GPCRs in the unicellular Amoebozoa was surprising and is indicative of the largely undiscovered environmental sensing capabilities in this group. Evolutionary transitions from unicellular to multicellular lifestyles, like we see in social amoebas, have occurred several times independently in the Amoebozoa, and GPCRs may have been co-opted for new functions in cell-cell communication. Methods We have analysed a set of GPCRs from fully sequenced Amoebozoan genomes by Bayesian inference, compared their phylogenetic distribution and domain composition, and analysed their temporal and spatial expression patterns in five species of dictyostelids. Results We found evidence that most GPCRs are conserved deeply in the Amoebozoa and are probably performing roles in general cell functions and complex environmental sensing. All families of GPCRs (apart from the family 4 fungal pheromone receptors) are present in dictyostelids with family 5 being the largest and family 2 the one with the fewest members. For the first time, we identify the presence of family 1 rhodopsin-like GPCRs in dictyostelids. Some GPCRs have been amplified in the dictyostelids and in specific lineages thereof and through changes in expression patterns may have been repurposed for signalling in multicellular development. Discussion Our phylogenetic analysis suggests that GPCR families 1, 2 and 6 already diverged early in the Amoebozoa, whereas families 3 and 5 expanded later within the dictyostelids. The family 6 cAMP receptors that have experimentally supported roles in multicellular development in dictyostelids ( carA-carD; tasA/B) originated at the root of all dictyostelids and only have weakly associated homologs in Physarum polycephalum. Our analysis identified candidate GPCRs which have evolved in the dictyostelids and could have been co-opted for multicellular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant Hall
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Sarah Kelly
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Pauline Schaap
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
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Role of Protein Kinase A Activation in the Immune System with an Emphasis on Lipopolysaccharide-Responsive and Beige-like Anchor Protein in B Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043098. [PMID: 36834508 PMCID: PMC9962394 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) is a ubiquitous enzymatic complex that is involved in a broad spectrum of intracellular receptor signaling. The activity of PKA depends on A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) that attach to PKAs close to their substrates to control signaling. Although the relevance of PKA-AKAP signaling in the immune system is evident in T cells, its relevance in B and other immune cells remains relatively unclear. In the last decade, lipopolysaccharide-responsive and beige-like anchor protein (LRBA) has emerged as an AKAP that is ubiquitously expressed in B and T cells, specifically after activation. A deficiency of LRBA leads to immune dysregulation and immunodeficiency. The cellular mechanisms regulated by LRBA have not yet been investigated. Therefore, this review summarizes the functions of PKA in immunity and provides the most recent information regarding LRBA deficiency to deepen our understanding of immune regulation and immunological diseases.
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Kundu A, Jaiswal N, Rao U, Somvanshi VS. Stringent in-silico identification of putative G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) of the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora. J Nematol 2023; 55:20230038. [PMID: 38026552 PMCID: PMC10670001 DOI: 10.2478/jofnem-2023-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The infective juveniles (IJs) of entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) Heterorhabditis bacteriophora find and infect their host insects in heterogeneous soil ecosystems by sensing a universal host cue (CO2) or insect/plant-derived odorants, which bind to various sensory receptors, including G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Nematode chemosensory GPCRs (NemChRs) bind to a diverse set of ligands, including odor molecules. However, there is a lack of information on the NemChRs in EPNs. Here we identified 21 GPCRs in the H. bacteriophora genome sequence in a triphasic manner, combining various transmembrane detectors and GPCR predictors based on different algorithms, and considering inherent properties of GPCRs. The pipeline was validated by reciprocal BLAST, InterProscan, GPCR-CA, and NCBI CDD search. Functional classification of predicted GPCRs using Pfam revealed the presence of four NemChRs. Additionally, GPCRs were classified into various families based on the reciprocal BLAST approach into a frizzled type, a secretin type, and 19 rhodopsin types of GPCRs. Gi/o is the most abundant kind of G-protein, having a coupling specificity to all the fetched GPCRs. As the 21 GPCRs identified are expected to play a crucial role in the host-seeking behavior, these might be targeted to develop novel insect-pest management strategies by tweaking EPN IJ behavior, or to design novel anthelminthic drugs. Our new and stringent GPCR detection pipeline may also be used to identify GPCRs from the genome sequence of other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artha Kundu
- Division of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-12, India
| | - Nisha Jaiswal
- Division of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-12, India
| | - Uma Rao
- Division of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-12, India
| | - Vishal Singh Somvanshi
- Division of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-12, India
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29
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Yadav MK, Singh V, Saha S, Shukla AK. A streamlined protocol for expression and purification of wild-type β-arrestins. Methods Enzymol 2023; 682:465-475. [PMID: 36948711 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The two isoforms of β-arrestins namely β-arrestin 1 and 2 interact with, and regulate a broad repertoire of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). While several protocols have been described in the literature for purification of β-arrestins for biochemical and biophysical studies, some of these protocols involve multiple complicated steps that prolong the process and yield relatively smaller amounts of purified proteins. Here, we describe a simplified and streamlined protocol for expression and purification of β-arrestins using E. coli as an expression host. This protocol is based on N-terminal fusion of GST tag and involves a two-step protocol involving GST-based affinity chromatography and size exclusion chromatography. The protocol described here yields sufficient amounts of high-quality purified β-arrestins suitable for biochemical and structural studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish K Yadav
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - Vinay Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - Sayantan Saha
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - Arun K Shukla
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India.
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30
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Cary BP, Zhang X, Cao J, Johnson RM, Piper SJ, Gerrard EJ, Wootten D, Sexton PM. New insights into the structure and function of class B1 GPCRs. Endocr Rev 2022; 44:492-517. [PMID: 36546772 PMCID: PMC10166269 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnac033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of cell surface receptors. Class B1 GPCRs constitute a subfamily of 15 receptors that characteristically contain large extracellular domains (ECDs) and respond to long polypeptide hormones. Class B1 GPCRs are critical regulators of homeostasis, and as such, many are important drug targets. While most transmembrane proteins, including GPCRs, are recalcitrant to crystallization, recent advances in electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM) have facilitated a rapid expansion of the structural understanding of membrane proteins. As a testament to this success, structures for all the class B1 receptors bound to G proteins have been determined by cryo-EM in the past five years. Further advances in cryo-EM have uncovered dynamics of these receptors, ligands, and signalling partners. Here, we examine the recent structural underpinnings of the class B1 GPCRs with an emphasis on structure-function relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Cary
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Xin Zhang
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Jianjun Cao
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Rachel M Johnson
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Sarah J Piper
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Elliot J Gerrard
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Denise Wootten
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Patrick M Sexton
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
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Jönsson M, Morin M, Wang CK, Craik DJ, Degnan SM, Degnan BM. Sex-specific expression of pheromones and other signals in gravid starfish. BMC Biol 2022; 20:288. [PMID: 36528687 PMCID: PMC9759900 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01491-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many echinoderms form seasonal aggregations prior to spawning. In some fecund species, a spawning event can lead to population outbreaks with detrimental ecosystem impacts. For instance, outbreaks of crown-of-thorns starfish (COTS), a corallivore, can destroy coral reefs. Here, we examine the gene expression in gravid male and female COTS prior to spawning in the wild, to identify genome-encoded factors that may regulate aggregation and spawning. This study is informed by a previously identified exoproteome that attracts conspecifics. To capture the natural gene expression profiles, we isolated RNAs from gravid female and male COTS immediately after they were removed from the Great Barrier Reef. RESULTS: Sexually dimorphic gene expression is present in all seven somatic tissues and organs that we surveyed and in the gonads. Approximately 40% of the exoproteome transcripts are differentially expressed between sexes. Males uniquely upregulate an additional 68 secreted factors in their testes. A suite of neuropeptides in sensory organs, coelomocytes and gonads is differentially expressed between sexes, including the relaxin-like gonad-stimulating peptide and gonadotropin-releasing hormones. Female sensory tentacles-chemosensory organs at the distal tips of the starfish arms-uniquely upregulate diverse receptors and signalling molecules, including chemosensory G-protein-coupled receptors and several neuropeptides, including kisspeptin, SALMFamide and orexin. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of 103 tissue/organ transcriptomes from 13 wild COTS has revealed genes that are consistently differentially expressed between gravid females and males and that all tissues surveyed are sexually dimorphic at the molecular level. This finding is consistent with female and male COTS using sex-specific pheromones to regulate reproductive aggregations and synchronised spawning events. These pheromones appear to be received primarily by the sensory tentacles, which express a range of receptors and signalling molecules in a sex-specific manner. Furthermore, coelomocytes and gonads differentially express signalling and regulatory factors that control gametogenesis and spawning in other echinoderms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Jönsson
- Centre for Marine Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Marie Morin
- Centre for Marine Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Conan K Wang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - David J Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Sandie M Degnan
- Centre for Marine Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - Bernard M Degnan
- Centre for Marine Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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High-performance optical control of GPCR signaling by bistable animal opsins MosOpn3 and LamPP in a molecular property-dependent manner. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2204341119. [PMID: 36417444 PMCID: PMC9889881 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2204341119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical control of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling is a highly valuable approach for comprehensive understanding of GPCR-based physiologies and controlling them precisely. However, optogenetics for GPCR signaling is still developing and requires effective and versatile tools with performance evaluation from their molecular properties. Here, we systematically investigated performance of two bistable opsins that activate Gi/Go-type G protein (mosquito Opn3 (MosOpn3) and lamprey parapinopsin (LamPP)) in optical control in vivo using Caenorhabditis elegans. Transgenic worms expressing MosOpn3, which binds 13-cis retinal to form photopigments, in nociceptor neurons showed light-induced avoidance responses in the presence of all-trans retinal, a retinal isomer ubiquitously present in every tissue, like microbial rhodopsins and unlike canonical vertebrate opsins. Remarkably, transgenic worms expressing MosOpn3 were ~7,000 times more sensitive to light than transgenic worms expressing ChR2 in this light-induced behavior, demonstrating the advantage of MosOpn3 as a light switch. LamPP is a UV-sensitive bistable opsin having complete photoregenerative ability by green light. Accordingly, transgenic worms expressing LamPP in cholinergic motor neurons stopped moving upon violet light illumination and restored coordinate movement upon green light illumination, demonstrating color-dependent control of behavior using LamPP. Furthermore, we applied molecular engineering to produce MosOpn3-based tools enabling light-dependent upregulation of cAMP or Ca2+ levels and LamPP-based tool enabling clamping cAMP levels color dependently and context independently, extending their usability. These findings define the capacity of two bistable opsins with similar retinal requirement as ChR2, providing numerous strategies for optical control of various GPCR-based physiologies as well as GPCR signaling itself.
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Pons V, Garcia C, Tidten-Luksch N, Mac Sweeney A, Caroff E, Galés C, Riederer MA. Inverse agonist efficacy of selatogrel blunts constitutive P2Y12 receptor signaling by inducing the inactive receptor conformation. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Yin A, Guan X, Zhang JV, Niu J. Focusing on the role of secretin/adhesion (Class B) G protein-coupled receptors in placental development and preeclampsia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:959239. [PMID: 36187484 PMCID: PMC9515905 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.959239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia, a clinical syndrome mainly characterized by hypertension and proteinuria, with a worldwide incidence of 3–8% and high maternal mortality, is a risk factor highly associated with maternal and offspring cardiovascular disease. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of preeclampsia are complicated and have not been fully elucidated. Obesity, immunological diseases and endocrine metabolic diseases are high-risk factors for the development of preeclampsia. Effective methods to treat preeclampsia are lacking, and termination of pregnancy remains the only curative treatment for preeclampsia. The pathogenesis of preeclampsia include poor placentation, uteroplacental malperfusion, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, dysregulated immune tolerance, vascular inflammation and endothelial cell dysfunction. The notion that placenta is the core factor in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia is still prevailing. G protein-coupled receptors, the largest family of membrane proteins in eukaryotes and the largest drug target family to date, exhibit diversity in structure and function. Among them, the secretin/adhesion (Class B) G protein-coupled receptors are essential drug targets for human diseases, such as endocrine diseases and cardiometabolic diseases. Given the great value of the secretin/adhesion (Class B) G protein-coupled receptors in the regulation of cardiovascular system function and the drug target exploration, we summarize the role of these receptors in placental development and preeclampsia, and outlined the relevant pathological mechanisms, thereby providing potential drug targets for preeclampsia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiqi Yin
- Department of Obstetrics, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaonian Guan
- Department of Obstetrics, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian V. Zhang
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Jian V. Zhang, ; Jianmin Niu,
| | - Jianmin Niu
- Department of Obstetrics, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Jian V. Zhang, ; Jianmin Niu,
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Allosteric modulation of GPCR-induced β-arrestin trafficking and signaling by a synthetic intrabody. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4634. [PMID: 35941121 PMCID: PMC9360436 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32386-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Agonist-induced phosphorylation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is a primary determinant of β-arrestin (βarr) recruitment and trafficking. For several GPCRs such as the vasopressin receptor subtype 2 (V2R), agonist-stimulation first drives the translocation of βarrs to the plasma membrane, followed by endosomal trafficking, which is generally considered to be orchestrated by multiple phosphorylation sites. We have previously shown that mutation of a single phosphorylation site in the V2R (i.e., V2RT360A) results in near-complete loss of βarr translocation to endosomes despite robust recruitment to the plasma membrane, and compromised ERK1/2 activation. Here, we discover that a synthetic intrabody (Ib30), which selectively recognizes activated βarr1, efficiently rescues the endosomal trafficking of βarr1 and ERK1/2 activation for V2RT360A. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that Ib30 enriches active-like βarr1 conformation with respect to the inter-domain rotation, and cellular assays demonstrate that it also enhances βarr1-β2-adaptin interaction. Our data provide an experimental framework to positively modulate the receptor-transducer-effector axis for GPCRs using intrabodies, which can be potentially integrated in the paradigm of GPCR-targeted drug discovery. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are integral membrane proteins and the largest class of drug targets in the human genome. Here, Baidya et al. show that a synthetic antibody can be used to modulate GPCR trafficking and signaling in live cells.
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Propranolol: A “Pick and Roll” Team Player in Benign Tumors and Cancer Therapies. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154539. [PMID: 35956154 PMCID: PMC9369479 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on cancer therapies focuses on processes such as angiogenesis, cell signaling, stemness, metastasis, and drug resistance and inflammation, all of which are influenced by the cellular and molecular microenvironment of the tumor. Different strategies, such as antibodies, small chemicals, hormones, cytokines, and, recently, gene editing techniques, have been tested to reduce the malignancy and generate a harmful microenvironment for the tumor. Few therapeutic agents have shown benefits when administered alone, but a few more have demonstrated clear improvement when administered in combination with other therapeutic molecules. In 2008 (and for the first time in the clinic), the therapeutic benefits of the β-adrenergic receptor antagonist, propranolol, were described in benign tumors, such as infantile hemangioma. Propranolol, initially prescribed for high blood pressure, irregular heart rate, essential tremor, and anxiety, has shown, in the last decade, increasing evidence of its antitumoral properties in more than a dozen different types of cancer. Moreover, the use of propranolol in combination therapies with other drugs has shown synergistic antitumor effects. This review highlights the clinical trials in which propranolol is taking part as adjuvant therapy at single administration or in combinatorial human trials, arising as a good pick and roll partner in anticancer strategies.
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Pilon A, Goven D, Raymond V. Pharmacological and molecular characterization of the A-type muscarinic acetylcholine receptor from Anopheles gambiae. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 31:497-507. [PMID: 35357052 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) which are G protein-coupled receptors play key roles in insect physiology. Whereas vertebrate mAChRs are important targets for pharmaceutical drugs, insect mAChRs are under-exploited by the agro-chemical industry. Moreover, insect mAChRs have been less well studied than their vertebrate counterparts. Their critical functions mean that a better knowledge of the insect mAChRs is crucial for the effort to develop a new molecular-level strategy for insect pest management. Almost all insects possess three mAChRs named A, B and C which differ according to their coupling effector systems and their pharmacological profile. The aim of this study was to characterize the A-type mAChR (mAChR-A) from Anopheles gambiae which is the major vector of malaria in order to develop new strategies in pest management. In this paper, we reported that mAChR-A is more expressed in adult mosquitoes than in larvae. Furthermore, using calcium imaging recordings, we found that the An. gambiae mAChR-A expressed in Sf9 cells is activated by specific muscarinic agonists acetylcholine, muscarine and oxotremorine M and blocked by several mAChR antagonists. Moreover, using inhibitors of phosphoinositide pathway such as Gαq/11 protein blocker, we have shown that an increased intracellular calcium concentration elicited by the acetylcholine application was mediated by PLC/IP3R pathway. As a rise in intracellular calcium concentration could lead to an increase in the insecticide target sensitivity, these results suggest that An. gambiae mAChR-A should not be only considered as a potential target for new molecules but also as a key element to optimize the efficacy of insecticide in vector control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Pilon
- Univ Angers, INRAE, SiFCIR Laboratory, SFR QUASAV, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Delphine Goven
- Univ Angers, INRAE, SiFCIR Laboratory, SFR QUASAV, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Valerie Raymond
- Univ Angers, INRAE, SiFCIR Laboratory, SFR QUASAV, F-49000 Angers, France
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Dragan P, Atzei A, Sanmukh SG, Latek D. Computational and experimental approaches to probe GPCR activation and signaling. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 193:1-36. [PMID: 36357073 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) regulate different physiological functions, e.g., sensation, growth, digestion, reproductivity, nervous and immune systems response, and many others. In eukaryotes, they are also responsible for intercellular communication in response to pathogens. The major primary messengers binding to these cell-surface receptors constitute small-molecule or peptide hormones and neurotransmitters, nucleotides, lipids as well as small proteins. The simplicity of the way how GPCR signaling can be regulated by their endogenous agonists prompted the usage of GPCRs as major drug targets in modern pharmacology. Drugs targeting GPCRs inhibit pathological processes at the very beginning. This enables to significantly reduce the occurrence of morphological changes caused by diseases. Until recently, X-ray crystallography was the method of the first choice to obtain high-resolution structural information about GPCRs. Following X-ray crystallography, cryo-EM gained attention in GPCR studies as a quick and low-cost alternative. FRET microscopy is also widely used for GPCRs in the analysis of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) in intact cells as well as for screening purposes. Regarding computational methods, molecular dynamics (MD) for many years has proven its usefulness in studying the GPCR activation. MODELLER and Rosetta were widely used to generate preliminary homology models of GPCRs for MD simulation systems. Apart from the conventional all-atom approach with explicitly defined solvent, also other techniques have been applied to GPCRs, e.g., MARTINI or hybrid methods involving the coarse-grained representation, less demanding regarding computational resources, and thus offering much larger simulation timescales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Dragan
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Dorota Latek
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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Emerging structural insights into GPCR-β-arrestin interaction and functional outcomes. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2022; 75:102406. [PMID: 35738165 PMCID: PMC7614528 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2022.102406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Agonist-induced recruitment of β-arrestins (βarrs) to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) plays a central role in regulating the spatio-temporal aspects of GPCR signaling. Several recent studies have provided novel structural and functional insights into our understanding of GPCR-βarr interaction, subsequent βarr activation and resulting functional outcomes. In this review, we discuss these recent advances with a particular emphasis on recognition of receptor-bound phosphates by βarrs, the emerging concept of spatial positioning of key phosphorylation sites, the conformational transition in βarrs during partial to full-engagement, and structural differences driving functional outcomes of βarr isoforms. We also highlight the key directions that require further investigation going forward to fully understand the structural mechanisms driving βarr activation and functional responses.
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El Kheir W, Marcos B, Virgilio N, Paquette B, Faucheux N, Lauzon MA. Drug Delivery Systems in the Development of Novel Strategies for Glioblastoma Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1189. [PMID: 35745762 PMCID: PMC9227363 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a grade IV glioma considered the most fatal cancer of the central nervous system (CNS), with less than a 5% survival rate after five years. The tumor heterogeneity, the high infiltrative behavior of its cells, and the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that limits the access of therapeutic drugs to the brain are the main reasons hampering the current standard treatment efficiency. Following the tumor resection, the infiltrative remaining GBM cells, which are resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, can further invade the surrounding brain parenchyma. Consequently, the development of new strategies to treat parenchyma-infiltrating GBM cells, such as vaccines, nanotherapies, and tumor cells traps including drug delivery systems, is required. For example, the chemoattractant CXCL12, by binding to its CXCR4 receptor, activates signaling pathways that play a critical role in tumor progression and invasion, making it an interesting therapeutic target to properly control the direction of GBM cell migration for treatment proposes. Moreover, the interstitial fluid flow (IFF) is also implicated in increasing the GBM cell migration through the activation of the CXCL12-CXCR4 signaling pathway. However, due to its complex and variable nature, the influence of the IFF on the efficiency of drug delivery systems is not well understood yet. Therefore, this review discusses novel drug delivery strategies to overcome the GBM treatment limitations, focusing on chemokines such as CXCL12 as an innovative approach to reverse the migration of infiltrated GBM. Furthermore, recent developments regarding in vitro 3D culture systems aiming to mimic the dynamic peritumoral environment for the optimization of new drug delivery technologies are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiam El Kheir
- Advanced Dynamic Cell Culture Systems Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
- Laboratory of Cell-Biomaterial Biohybrid Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
| | - Bernard Marcos
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
| | - Nick Virgilio
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, 2500 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
| | - Benoit Paquette
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada;
- Clinical Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de l’Université de Sherbrooke, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Nathalie Faucheux
- Laboratory of Cell-Biomaterial Biohybrid Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
- Clinical Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de l’Université de Sherbrooke, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Marc-Antoine Lauzon
- Advanced Dynamic Cell Culture Systems Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
- Research Center on Aging, 1036 Rue Belvédère Sud, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada
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Claes M, Geeraerts E, Plaisance S, Mentens S, Van den Haute C, De Groef L, Arckens L, Moons L. Chronic Chemogenetic Activation of the Superior Colliculus in Glaucomatous Mice: Local and Retrograde Molecular Signature. Cells 2022; 11:1784. [PMID: 35681479 PMCID: PMC9179903 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One important facet of glaucoma pathophysiology is axonal damage, which ultimately disrupts the connection between the retina and its postsynaptic brain targets. The concurrent loss of retrograde support interferes with the functionality and survival of the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Previous research has shown that stimulation of neuronal activity in a primary retinal target area-i.e., the superior colliculus-promotes RGC survival in an acute mouse model of glaucoma. To build further on this observation, we applied repeated chemogenetics in the superior colliculus of a more chronic murine glaucoma model-i.e., the microbead occlusion model-and performed bulk RNA sequencing on collicular lysates and isolated RGCs. Our study revealed that chronic target stimulation upon glaucomatous injury phenocopies the a priori expected molecular response: growth factors were pinpointed as essential transcriptional regulators both in the locally stimulated tissue and in distant, unstimulated RGCs. Strikingly, and although the RGC transcriptome revealed a partial reversal of the glaucomatous signature and an enrichment of pro-survival signaling pathways, functional rescue of injured RGCs was not achieved. By postulating various explanations for the lack of RGC neuroprotection, we aim to warrant researchers and drug developers for the complexity of chronic neuromodulation and growth factor signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Claes
- Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.C.); (E.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Emiel Geeraerts
- Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.C.); (E.G.); (S.M.)
| | | | - Stephanie Mentens
- Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.C.); (E.G.); (S.M.)
- Cellular Communication and Neurodegeneration Research Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics Research Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Chris Van den Haute
- Neurobiology and Gene Therapy Research Group, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- KU Leuven Viral Vector Core, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lies De Groef
- Cellular Communication and Neurodegeneration Research Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Lut Arckens
- Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics Research Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Lieve Moons
- Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.C.); (E.G.); (S.M.)
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Guidolin D, Tortorella C, Marcoli M, Maura G, Agnati LF. Intercellular Communication in the Central Nervous System as Deduced by Chemical Neuroanatomy and Quantitative Analysis of Images: Impact on Neuropharmacology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5805. [PMID: 35628615 PMCID: PMC9145073 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, new evidence on brain structure and function has been acquired by morphological investigations based on synergic interactions between biochemical anatomy approaches, new techniques in microscopy and brain imaging, and quantitative analysis of the obtained images. This effort produced an expanded view on brain architecture, illustrating the central nervous system as a huge network of cells and regions in which intercellular communication processes, involving not only neurons but also other cell populations, virtually determine all aspects of the integrative function performed by the system. The main features of these processes are described. They include the two basic modes of intercellular communication identified (i.e., wiring and volume transmission) and mechanisms modulating the intercellular signaling, such as cotransmission and allosteric receptor-receptor interactions. These features may also open new possibilities for the development of novel pharmacological approaches to address central nervous system diseases. This aspect, with a potential major impact on molecular medicine, will be also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Guidolin
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Anatomy, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy;
| | - Cinzia Tortorella
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Anatomy, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy;
| | - Manuela Marcoli
- Department of Pharmacy, Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy; (M.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Guido Maura
- Department of Pharmacy, Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy; (M.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Luigi F. Agnati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
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Zhang J, Dong B, Yang L. Molecular Characterization and Expression Analysis of Putative Class C (Glutamate Family) G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Ascidian Styela clava. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:782. [PMID: 35625509 PMCID: PMC9138782 DOI: 10.3390/biology11050782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we performed the genome-wide domain analysis and sequence alignment on the genome of Styela clava, and obtained a repertoire of 204 putative GPCRs, which exhibited a highly reduced gene number compared to vertebrates and cephalochordates. In this repertoire, six Class C GPCRs, including four metabotropic glutamate receptors (Sc-GRMs), one calcium-sensing receptor (Sc-CaSR), and one gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type B receptor 2-like (Sc-GABABR2-like) were identified, with the absence of type 1 taste and vomeronasal receptors. All the Sc-GRMs and Sc-CaSR contained the typical "Venus flytrap" and cysteine-rich domains required for ligand binding and subsequent propagation of conformational changes. In swimming larvae, Sc-grm3 and Sc-casr were mainly expressed at the junction of the sensory vesicle and tail nerve cord while the transcripts of Sc-grm4, Sc-grm7a, and Sc-grm7b appeared at the anterior trunk, which suggested their important functions in neurotransmission. The high expression of these Class C receptors at tail-regression and metamorphic juvenile stages hinted at their potential involvement in regulating metamorphosis. In adults, the transcripts were highly expressed in several peripheral tissues, raising the possibility that S. clava Class C GPCRs might function as neurotransmission modulators peripherally after metamorphosis. Our study systematically characterized the ancestral chordate Class C GPCRs to provide insights into the origin and evolution of these receptors in chordates and their roles in regulating physiological and morphogenetic changes relevant to the development and environmental adaption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Sars-Fang Centre, MoE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;
| | - Bo Dong
- Sars-Fang Centre, MoE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Likun Yang
- Sars-Fang Centre, MoE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;
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Structural Insights into the Intrinsically Disordered GPCR C-Terminal Region, Major Actor in Arrestin-GPCR Interaction. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050617. [PMID: 35625550 PMCID: PMC9138321 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Arrestin-dependent pathways are a central component of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCRs) signaling. However, the molecular processes regulating arrestin binding are to be further illuminated, in particular with regard to the structural impact of GPCR C-terminal disordered regions. Here, we used an integrated biophysical strategy to describe the basal conformations of the C-terminal domains of three class A GPCRs, the vasopressin V2 receptor (V2R), the growth hormone secretagogue or ghrelin receptor type 1a (GHSR) and the β2-adernergic receptor (β2AR). By doing so, we revealed the presence of transient secondary structures in these regions that are potentially involved in the interaction with arrestin. These secondary structure elements differ from those described in the literature in interaction with arrestin. This suggests a mechanism where the secondary structure conformational preferences in the C-terminal regions of GPCRs could be a central feature for optimizing arrestins recognition.
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Pozza A, Giraud F, Cece Q, Casiraghi M, Point E, Damian M, Le Bon C, Moncoq K, Banères JL, Lescop E, Catoire LJ. Exploration of the dynamic interplay between lipids and membrane proteins by hydrostatic pressure. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1780. [PMID: 35365643 PMCID: PMC8975810 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29410-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell membranes represent a complex and variable medium in time and space of lipids and proteins. Their physico-chemical properties are determined by lipid components which can in turn influence the biological function of membranes. Here, we used hydrostatic pressure to study the close dynamic relationships between lipids and membrane proteins. Experiments on the β–barrel OmpX and the α–helical BLT2 G Protein-Coupled Receptor in nanodiscs of different lipid compositions reveal conformational landscapes intimately linked to pressure and lipids. Pressure can modify the conformational landscape of the membrane protein per se, but also increases the gelation of lipids, both being monitored simultaneously at high atomic resolution by NMR. Our study also clearly shows that a membrane protein can modulate, at least locally, the fluidity of the bilayer. The strategy proposed herein opens new perspectives to scrutinize the dynamic interplay between membrane proteins and their surrounding lipids. Direct information on the dynamic interplay between membrane proteins and lipids is scarce. Here the authors report a detailed description of these close relationships by combining lipid nanodiscs and high-pressure NMR. They report the link between pressure and lipid compositions to the conformational landscape of the β-barrel OmpX and the α-helical BLT2 G Protein-Coupled Receptor in nanodiscs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Pozza
- Laboratoire de Biologie Physico-Chimique des Protéines Membranaires, UMR 7099, CNRS/Université de Paris, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (IBPC, FRC 550), 75005, Paris, France
| | - François Giraud
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Quentin Cece
- Laboratoire de Biologie Physico-Chimique des Protéines Membranaires, UMR 7099, CNRS/Université de Paris, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (IBPC, FRC 550), 75005, Paris, France.,Laboratoire Cibles Thérapeutiques et Conception de Médicaments (CiTCoM), UMR 8038, CNRS/Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie, 75270, Paris, Cedex 06, France
| | - Marina Casiraghi
- Laboratoire de Biologie Physico-Chimique des Protéines Membranaires, UMR 7099, CNRS/Université de Paris, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (IBPC, FRC 550), 75005, Paris, France.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 94305, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Elodie Point
- Laboratoire de Biologie Physico-Chimique des Protéines Membranaires, UMR 7099, CNRS/Université de Paris, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (IBPC, FRC 550), 75005, Paris, France
| | - Marjorie Damian
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, 34293, Montpellier, cedex 5, France
| | - Christel Le Bon
- Laboratoire de Biologie Physico-Chimique des Protéines Membranaires, UMR 7099, CNRS/Université de Paris, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (IBPC, FRC 550), 75005, Paris, France
| | - Karine Moncoq
- Laboratoire de Biologie Physico-Chimique des Protéines Membranaires, UMR 7099, CNRS/Université de Paris, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (IBPC, FRC 550), 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Louis Banères
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, 34293, Montpellier, cedex 5, France
| | - Ewen Lescop
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Laurent J Catoire
- Laboratoire de Biologie Physico-Chimique des Protéines Membranaires, UMR 7099, CNRS/Université de Paris, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (IBPC, FRC 550), 75005, Paris, France.
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Claes M, De Groef L, Moons L. The DREADDful Hurdles and Opportunities of the Chronic Chemogenetic Toolbox. Cells 2022; 11:1110. [PMID: 35406674 PMCID: PMC8998042 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The chronic character of chemogenetics has been put forward as one of the assets of the technique, particularly in comparison to optogenetics. Yet, the vast majority of chemogenetic studies have focused on acute applications, while repeated, long-term neuromodulation has only been booming in the past few years. Unfortunately, together with the rising number of studies, various hurdles have also been uncovered, especially in relation to its chronic application. It becomes increasingly clear that chronic neuromodulation warrants caution and that the effects of acute neuromodulation cannot be extrapolated towards chronic experiments. Deciphering the underlying cellular and molecular causes of these discrepancies could truly unlock the chronic chemogenetic toolbox and possibly even pave the way for chemogenetics towards clinical application. Indeed, we are only scratching the surface of what is possible with chemogenetic research. For example, most investigations are concentrated on behavioral read-outs, whereas dissecting the underlying molecular signature after (chronic) neuromodulation could reveal novel insights in terms of basic neuroscience and deregulated neural circuits. In this review, we highlight the hurdles associated with the use of chemogenetic experiments, as well as the unexplored research questions for which chemogenetics offers the ideal research platform, with a particular focus on its long-term application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Claes
- Laboratory of Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Lies De Groef
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication and Neurodegeneration, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lieve Moons
- Laboratory of Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
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Zhao W, Zhang M, Wang G, Liu E, Jiang G, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Jian X, Zhao H, Zhang C, Li W. The GNAQ T96S mutation abrogates the ability of wild-type GNAQ to induce apoptosis by phosphorylating ANXA2 in natural killer/T cell lymphoma. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:2288-2296. [PMID: 35293080 PMCID: PMC9277252 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study identified Annexin A2 (ANXA2) as a Gaq-interacting partner in natural killer/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL) cells transfected with the GNAQ T96S mutation vector by immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry; however, the detailed molecular mechanisms by which GNAQ T96S might regulate ANXA2 remain to be defined in NKTCL. Herein, we found that the GNAQ T96S mutation significantly promotes the phosphorylation of ANXA2 at the Y24 site, whereas phosphorylation of ANXA2 abolishes the ability of wild-type GNAQ to trigger cell apoptosis. Further investigation revealed that a GNAQ T96S peptide inhibitor induced apoptosis by competing with ANXA2 binding to GNAQ T96S in NKTCL cells. In vivo animal experiments demonstrated that a GNAQ T96S peptide inhibitor suppresses the growth of NKTCL cells carrying the GNAQ T96S mutation. Our current data suggest a role for GNAQ T96S/Src/ANXA2 in mediating the apoptosis of NKTCL cells, and the GNAQ T96S peptide may be a promising agent for therapy in NKTCL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wugan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
| | - Min Zhang
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
| | - Guannan Wang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
| | - Enjie Liu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
| | - Guozhong Jiang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
| | - Xiangyu Jian
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
| | - Haiyu Zhao
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
| | - Chongli Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
| | - Wencai Li
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
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Nordio S, Kaiser M, Adams ME, Libersat F. Parasitoid wasp venom manipulates host innate behavior via subtype-specific dopamine receptor activation. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:274808. [PMID: 35320357 PMCID: PMC8996814 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The subjugation strategy employed by the jewel wasp is unique in that it manipulates the behavior of its host, the American cockroach, rather than inducing outright paralysis. Upon envenomation directly into the central complex (CX), a command center in the brain for motor behavior, the stung cockroach initially engages in intense grooming behavior, then falls into a lethargic sleep-like state referred to as hypokinesia. Behavioral changes evoked by the sting are due at least in part to the presence of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the venom. In insects, dopamine receptors are classified as two families, the D1-like and the D2-like receptors. However, specific roles played by dopamine receptor subtypes in venom-induced behavioral manipulation by the jewel wasp remain largely unknown. In the present study, we used a pharmacological approach to investigate roles of D1-like and D2-like receptors in behaviors exhibited by stung cockroaches, focusing on grooming. Specifically, we assessed behavioral outcomes of focal CX injections of dopamine receptor agonists and antagonists. Both specific and non-specific compounds were used. Our results strongly implicate D1-like dopamine receptors in venom-induced grooming. Regarding induction of hypokinesia, our findings demonstrate that dopamine signaling is necessary for induction of long-lasting hypokinesia caused by brain envenomation. Highlighted Article: Subtype-specific dopamine receptors are involved in the manipulation of host behavior by the parasitoid jewel wasp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Nordio
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel.,Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Maayan Kaiser
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel.,Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Michael E Adams
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.,Department of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Frederic Libersat
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel.,Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
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Yamada S, Osakabe M, Eizuka M, Hashimoto M, Uesugi N, Yanagawa N, Otsuka K, Suzuki H, Takayuki M, Sugai T. Cribriform type adenocarcinoma of the colorectum: comprehensive molecular analyses of a distinctive histologic subtype of colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis 2022; 43:601-610. [PMID: 35278309 PMCID: PMC9234757 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgac029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRA) is characterized by marked heterogeneity and may be composed of an admixture of various histologic patterns, including well-formed gland and cribriform types. Although tumors displaying a prominent or predominant cribriform feature are frequently found in CRA, this type may contain specific histologic variants with a characteristic molecular alteration. We investigated the molecular features of 51 primary CRAs with a predominant cribriform histology using array-based analyses (somatic copy number alterations [SCNA]; mRNA expression). Mutations (TP53, KRAS, PIK3CA and BRAF) and DNA methylation status were also analyzed. The crypt isolation method was used to obtain isolated tumor glands of each type separately. All patients were classified by their CRA histologic subtype into two groups: well-formed gland and cribriform. Next, we performed cluster analysis to stratify SCNA and mRNA expression patterns between the two subtypes. Two distinctive subgroups were stratified based on patterns of SCNA and mRNA expression and were correlated with each histologic subtype. The cribriform type was characterized by a high frequency of SCNA compared with that of the well-formed gland type and was closely associated with the expression of specific mRNAs. In addition, the frequency of KRAS mutation was significantly higher in the cribriform type than in the well-formed gland type. Finally, there was no difference in DNA methylation status between the two subtypes. Overall, these data suggest that the cribriform type provides important insights into colorectal carcinogenesis, suggesting specific potential histologic implications based on the molecular profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Yamada
- Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Mitsumasa Osakabe
- Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Makoto Eizuka
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Mai Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Uesugi
- Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Naoki Yanagawa
- Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Koki Otsuka
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Hiromu Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Matsumoto Takayuki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Sugai
- Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
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Nugraha RYB, Jeelani G, Nozaki T. Physiological roles and metabolism of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in parasitic protozoa. Trends Parasitol 2022; 38:462-477. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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