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Zhang W, Wan P, Zhang M, Chang Y, Du S, Jin T, Wang Y. Association Between CYP2D7 and TCF20 Polymorphisms and Coronary Heart Disease. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024; 24:1037-1046. [PMID: 39060884 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-024-09907-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
One of the causes of coronary heart disease (CHD) is genetic factors. In this study, we explored the relationship between CYP2D7 and TCF20 gene polymorphisms and the risk of CHD in the Han Chinese population. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (CYP2D7 rs1800754, CYP2D7 rs2743461, and TCF20 rs760648) were selected and genotyped from 490 cases and 480 controls. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the association between CYP2D7 and TCF20 polymorphisms and the risk of CHD. The association between clinical indicators and polymorphisms was analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD. The SNP-SNP interactions were obtained by performing multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR). CYP2D7 rs1800754 and rs2743461 were closely associated with increased risk of CHD (alleles: p = 0.014, p = 0.031). Stratified analysis showed that CYP2D7 rs1800754 and rs2743461 were associated with an increased risk of CHD in men, age > 60 years, BMI ≥ 24, and smoking. Rs1800754 is also associated with an increased risk of CHD associated with alcohol consumption. In addition, TCF20 rs760648 was associated with a reduced risk of CHD in patients aged ≤ 60 years and with CALs. A significant association was found between CYP2D7 rs1800754 and rs2743461 genotypes and levels of UREA, Cr, and LDL-C; TCF20 rs760648 genotypes and levels of RBC. The MDR analysis showed that the three-locus interaction model was the best in the multi-locus model. In conclusion, CYP2D7 rs1800754 and rs2743461 polymorphisms were associated with CHD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, #229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Panpan Wan
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, #229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, #229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanting Chang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, #229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuli Du
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, #229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianbo Jin
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, #229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China.
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China.
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China.
| | - Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, #229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China.
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China.
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2
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Guerini F, Caimi E, Laurelli F, Citro G, Danzi GB. Trusting the tube? YouTube®'s role in pacemaker patient and physician education. Int J Cardiol 2024; 417:132591. [PMID: 39313120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE YouTube®, attracts billions of monthly viewers, including those seeking health-related content. However, the quality standards of information are highly variable. The study aimed to evaluate the educational merit of YouTube® concerning pacemakers, focusing on quality and reliability for educating both patients and physicians. METHODS The term "pacemaker" was searched on YouTube®. Following the application of exclusion criteria based on video language, duration, and minimum view count, a total of 71 videos were analyzed. Quality was assessed using the Global Quality Score (GQS), while reliability was evaluated using the modified DISCERN (mDISCERN) score. Data and metrics available regarding the channel and the specific video were obtained. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was employed to assess data normality, and the Mann-Whitney U test was utilized to determine statistical significance. RESULTS Youtube videos on cardiac pacemakers proved to be of moderate quality, with an average GQS score of 3.10, and of moderate reliability, indicated by a mean mDISCERN score of 3.08. Higher scores were reported for videos of more than five minute duration, the ones that were targeted at physicians, and the videos with higher view ratios. The presence of a board-certified MD yielded statistically greater mean GQS, but not mDISCERN score. No statistical difference was observed based on the number of likes. CONCLUSION In conclusion, while YouTube® offers significant education opportunities, there is a clear need for enhanced oversight and quality control. Healthcare providers should guide patients towards valid resources and consider collaborating with platforms to develop content standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Guerini
- Humanitas University, Department of Biological Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Caimi
- Humanitas University, Department of Biological Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy.
| | - Francesco Laurelli
- Humanitas University, Department of Biological Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Gianmaria Citro
- Humanitas University, Department of Biological Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Gian Battista Danzi
- Department of Cardiology, Ospedale di Cremona, Viale Concordia 1, 26100 Cremona, Italy
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3
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Takase B, Ikeda T, Shimizu W, Abe H, Aiba T, Chinushi M, Koba S, Kusano K, Niwano S, Takahashi N, Takatsuki S, Tanno K, Watanabe E, Yoshioka K, Amino M, Fujino T, Iwasaki YK, Kohno R, Kinoshita T, Kurita Y, Masaki N, Murata H, Shinohara T, Yada H, Yodogawa K, Kimura T, Kurita T, Nogami A, Sumitomo N. JCS/JHRS 2022 Guideline on Diagnosis and Risk Assessment of Arrhythmia. Circ J 2024; 88:1509-1595. [PMID: 37690816 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-22-0827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Takanori Ikeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Wataru Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Haruhiko Abe
- Department of Heart Rhythm Management, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Takeshi Aiba
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Masaomi Chinushi
- School of Health Sciences, Niigata University School of Medicine
| | - Shinji Koba
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Kengo Kusano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Shinichi Niwano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine
| | - Naohiko Takahashi
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University
| | - Seiji Takatsuki
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Kaoru Tanno
- Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Center, Showa University Koto-Toyosu Hospital
| | - Eiichi Watanabe
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University Bantane Hospital
| | | | - Mari Amino
- Department of Cardiology, Tokai University School of Medicine
| | - Tadashi Fujino
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Yu-Ki Iwasaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Ritsuko Kohno
- Department of Heart Rhythm Management, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Toshio Kinoshita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Yasuo Kurita
- Cardiovascular Center, International University of Health and Welfare, Mita Hospital
| | - Nobuyuki Masaki
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, National Defense Medical College
| | | | - Tetsuji Shinohara
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University
| | - Hirotaka Yada
- Department of Cardiology, International University of Health and Welfare, Mita Hospital
| | - Kenji Yodogawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Takeshi Kimura
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Akihiko Nogami
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba
| | - Naokata Sumitomo
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center
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Lee J, Gharaibeh Y, Zimin VN, Kim JN, Hassani NS, Dallan LAP, Pereira GTR, Makhlouf MHE, Hoori A, Wilson DL. Plaque Characteristics Derived from Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography That Predict Cardiovascular Death. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:843. [PMID: 39199801 PMCID: PMC11351967 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11080843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether plaque characteristics derived from intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) could predict a long-term cardiovascular (CV) death. This study was a single-center, retrospective study on 104 patients who had undergone IVOCT-guided percutaneous coronary intervention. Plaque characterization was performed using Optical Coherence TOmography PlaqUe and Stent (OCTOPUS) software developed by our group. A total of 31 plaque features, including lesion length, lumen, calcium, fibrous cap (FC), and vulnerable plaque features (e.g., microchannel), were computed from the baseline IVOCT images. The discriminatory power for predicting CV death was determined using univariate/multivariate logistic regressions. Of 104 patients, CV death was identified in 24 patients (23.1%). Univariate logistic regression revealed that lesion length, calcium angle, calcium thickness, FC angle, FC area, and FC surface area were significantly associated with CV death (p < 0.05). In the multivariate logistic analysis, only the FC surface area (OR 2.38, CI 0.98-5.83, p < 0.05) was identified as a significant determinant for CV death, highlighting the importance of the 3D lesion analysis. The AUC of FC surface area for predicting CV death was 0.851 (95% CI 0.800-0.927, p < 0.05). Patients with CV death had distinct plaque characteristics (i.e., large FC surface area) in IVOCT. Studies such as this one might someday lead to recommendations for pharmaceutical and interventional approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhwan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (J.L.); (J.N.K.); (A.H.)
| | - Yazan Gharaibeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan;
| | - Vladislav N. Zimin
- Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, 1 Brookdale Plaza, Brooklyn, NY 11212, USA;
| | - Justin N. Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (J.L.); (J.N.K.); (A.H.)
| | - Neda S. Hassani
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (N.S.H.); (L.A.P.D.); (G.T.R.P.); (M.H.E.M.)
| | - Luis A. P. Dallan
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (N.S.H.); (L.A.P.D.); (G.T.R.P.); (M.H.E.M.)
| | - Gabriel T. R. Pereira
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (N.S.H.); (L.A.P.D.); (G.T.R.P.); (M.H.E.M.)
| | - Mohamed H. E. Makhlouf
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (N.S.H.); (L.A.P.D.); (G.T.R.P.); (M.H.E.M.)
| | - Ammar Hoori
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (J.L.); (J.N.K.); (A.H.)
| | - David L. Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (J.L.); (J.N.K.); (A.H.)
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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5
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Böhm M, de la Sierra A, Mahfoud F, Schwantke I, Lauder L, Haring B, Vinyoles E, Gorostidi M, Segura J, Williams B, Staplin N, Ruilope LM. Office measurement vs. ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: associations with mortality in patients with or without diabetes. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:2851-2861. [PMID: 38847237 PMCID: PMC11328865 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Guidelines suggest similar blood pressure (BP) targets in patients with and without diabetes and recommend ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) to diagnose and classify hypertension. It was explored whether different levels of ambulatory and office BP and different hypertension phenotypes associate with differences of risk in diabetes and no diabetes. METHODS This analysis assessed outcome data from the Spanish ABPM Registry in 59 124 patients with complete available data. The associations between office, mean, daytime, and nighttime ambulatory BP with the risk in patients with or without diabetes were explored. The effects of diabetes on mortality in different hypertension phenotypes, i.e. sustained hypertension, white-coat hypertension, and masked hypertension, compared with normotension were studied. Analyses were done with Cox regression analyses and adjusted for demographic and clinical confounders. RESULTS A total of 59 124 patients were recruited from 223 primary care centres in Spain. The majority had an office systolic BP >140 mmHg (36 700 patients), and 23 128 (40.6%) patients were untreated. Diabetes was diagnosed in 11 391 patients (19.2%). Concomitant cardiovascular (CV) disease was present in 2521 patients (23.1%) with diabetes and 4616 (10.0%) without diabetes. Twenty-four-hour mean, daytime, and nighttime ambulatory BP were associated with increased risk in diabetes and no diabetes, while in office BP, there was no clear association with no differences with and without diabetes. While the relative association of BP to CV death risk was similar in diabetes compared with no diabetes (mean interaction P = .80, daytime interaction P = .97, and nighttime interaction P = .32), increased event rates occurred in diabetes for all ABPM parameters for CV death and all-cause death. White-coat hypertension was not associated with risk for CV death (hazard ratio 0.86; 95% confidence interval 0.72-1.03) and slightly reduced risk for all-cause death in no diabetes (hazard ratio 0.89; confidence interval 0.81-0.98) but without significant interaction between diabetes and no diabetes. Sustained hypertension and masked hypertension in diabetes and no diabetes were associated with even higher risk. There were no significant interactions in hypertensive phenotypes between diabetes and no diabetes and CV death risk (interaction P = .26), while some interaction was present for all-cause death (interaction P = .043) and non-CV death (interaction P = .053). CONCLUSIONS Diabetes increased the risk for all-cause death, CV, and non-CV death at every level of office and ambulatory BP. Masked and sustained hypertension confer to the highest risk, while white-coat hypertension appears grossly neutral without interaction of relative risk between diabetes and no diabetes. These results support recommendations of international guidelines for strict BP control and using ABPM for classification and assessment of risk and control of hypertension, particularly in patients with diabetes. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Böhm
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 1, Homburg/Saar 66421, Germany
| | - Alejandro de la Sierra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Mutua Terrassa, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Felix Mahfoud
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 1, Homburg/Saar 66421, Germany
| | - Igor Schwantke
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 1, Homburg/Saar 66421, Germany
| | - Lucas Lauder
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 1, Homburg/Saar 66421, Germany
| | - Bernhard Haring
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 1, Homburg/Saar 66421, Germany
| | - Ernest Vinyoles
- La Mina Primary Care Center, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Gorostidi
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, RedinRen, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Julián Segura
- Hypertension Unit, Department of Nephrology, and Cardiorenal Translational Research Laboratory, Institute of Research, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre and CIBER of Cardiovascular Disease, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bryan Williams
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and National Institute of Health Research, UCL Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre London, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Natalie Staplin
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Luis M Ruilope
- Hypertension Unit, Cardiorenal Translational Research Laboratory, Institute of Research, and CIBER of Cardiovascular Disease, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre and CIBER of Cardiovascular Disease, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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6
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Liao J, Wang P. Association between paraoxonase 1 -108C/T polymorphism and coronary heart disease: an updated meta-analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1339701. [PMID: 39149586 PMCID: PMC11324431 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1339701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background At present, no consensus is reached among articles that investigate the relationship of paraoxonase 1(PON1) -108C/T polymorphism with susceptibility of coronary heart disease (CHD) so far. In this regard, the present meta-analysis was conducted to comprehensively review existing articles related to the relationship of PON1 -108C/T polymorphism with CHD susceptibility. It was preregistered in the International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (INPLASY)-INPLASY202430117. Methods Articles that explored the relationship between PON1 -108C/T polymorphism and CHD incidence were searched from electronic databases according to our preset study selection criteria. Thereafter, we adopted stata 12.0 software to analyze our screened studies. At the same time, odds ratios (ORs) and related 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were determined for evaluating association strength. Results At last, this meta-analysis selected altogether 13 case-control studies that involved 2,979 cases and 2,887 control subjects. We found that the PON1 -108C/T polymorphism displayed marked relationship with CHD susceptibility (T vs. C: OR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.07-1.45; CT vs. CC: OR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.17-1.52; TT vs. CC: OR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.09-2.09; Recessive model: OR = 1.16, 95% CI 0.93-1.45; Dominant model: OR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.16-1.81). Moreover, subgroup analysis showed that race and sample size had no impact on the results. Bioinformatics analysis showed that -108C>T polymorphism was relation to PON1 gene expression (https://gtexportal.org/home/). Conclusions The PON1 -108T allele is identified as the possible low-penetrant risk factor of CHD, as suggested by our present meta-analysis.Systematic Review Registration: https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2024-3-0117/, Identifier INPLASY202430117.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadan Liao
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Tuberculosis, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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7
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Takase B, Ikeda T, Shimizu W, Abe H, Aiba T, Chinushi M, Koba S, Kusano K, Niwano S, Takahashi N, Takatsuki S, Tanno K, Watanabe E, Yoshioka K, Amino M, Fujino T, Iwasaki Y, Kohno R, Kinoshita T, Kurita Y, Masaki N, Murata H, Shinohara T, Yada H, Yodogawa K, Kimura T, Kurita T, Nogami A, Sumitomo N. JCS/JHRS 2022 Guideline on Diagnosis and Risk Assessment of Arrhythmia. J Arrhythm 2024; 40:655-752. [PMID: 39139890 PMCID: PMC11317726 DOI: 10.1002/joa3.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Takanori Ikeda
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineToho University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Wataru Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineNippon Medical School
| | - Haruhiko Abe
- Department of Heart Rhythm ManagementUniversity of Occupational and Environmental HealthJapan
| | - Takeshi Aiba
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and GeneticsNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | | | - Shinji Koba
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineShowa University School of Medicine
| | - Kengo Kusano
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Shinichi Niwano
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineKitasato University School of Medicine
| | - Naohiko Takahashi
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of MedicineOita University
| | | | - Kaoru Tanno
- Cardiovascular Center, Cardiology DivisionShowa University Koto‐Toyosu Hospital
| | - Eiichi Watanabe
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineFujita Health University Bantane Hospital
| | | | - Mari Amino
- Department of CardiologyTokai University School of Medicine
| | - Tadashi Fujino
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineToho University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Yu‐ki Iwasaki
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineNippon Medical School
| | - Ritsuko Kohno
- Department of Heart Rhythm ManagementUniversity of Occupational and Environmental HealthJapan
| | - Toshio Kinoshita
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineToho University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Yasuo Kurita
- Cardiovascular Center, Mita HospitalInternational University of Health and Welfare
| | - Nobuyuki Masaki
- Department of Intensive Care MedicineNational Defense Medical College
| | | | - Tetsuji Shinohara
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of MedicineOita University
| | - Hirotaka Yada
- Department of CardiologyInternational University of Health and Welfare Mita Hospital
| | - Kenji Yodogawa
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineNippon Medical School
| | - Takeshi Kimura
- Cardiovascular MedicineKyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Akihiko Nogami
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Tsukuba
| | - Naokata Sumitomo
- Department of Pediatric CardiologySaitama Medical University International Medical Center
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8
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Tanisha, Amudha C, Raake M, Samuel D, Aggarwal S, Bashir ZMD, Marole KK, Maryam I, Nazir Z. Diagnostic Modalities in Heart Failure: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e67432. [PMID: 39314559 PMCID: PMC11417415 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.67432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) can present acutely or progress over time. It can lead to morbidity and mortality affecting 6.5 million Americans over the age of 20. The HF type is described according to the ejection fraction classification, defined as the percentage of blood volume that exits the left ventricle after myocardial contraction, undergoing ejection into the circulation, also called stroke volume, and is proportional to the ejection fraction. Cardiac catheterization is an invasive procedure to evaluate coronary artery disease leading to HF. Several biomarkers are being studied that could lead to early detection of HF and better symptom management. Testing for various biomarkers in the patient's blood is instrumental in confirming the diagnosis and elucidating the etiology of HF. There are various biomarkers elevated in response to increased myocardial stress and volume overload, including B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and its N-terminal prohormone BNP. We explored online libraries such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane to find relevant articles. Our narrative review aims to extensively shed light on diagnostic modalities and novel techniques for diagnosing HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanisha
- Department of Internal Medicine No. 4, O.O. Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, UKR
| | - Chaithanya Amudha
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, IND
| | - Mohammed Raake
- Department of Surgery, Annamalai University, Chennai, IND
| | - Dany Samuel
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Varna, Varna, BGR
| | | | - Zainab M Din Bashir
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, PAK
| | - Karabo K Marole
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, GRD
| | - Iqra Maryam
- Department of Radiology, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, PAK
| | - Zahra Nazir
- Department of Internal Medicine, Combined Military Hospital, Quetta, PAK
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9
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Roth M, Carlsson R, Buizza C, Enström A, Paul G. Pericyte response to ischemic stroke precedes endothelial cell death and blood-brain barrier breakdown. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024:271678X241261946. [PMID: 39053491 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x241261946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability, yet the cellular response to the ischemic insult is poorly understood limiting therapeutic options. Brain pericytes are crucial for maintaining blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and are known to be one of the first responders to ischemic stroke. The exact timeline of cellular events after stroke, however, remains elusive. Using the permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion stroke model, we established a detailed timeline of microvascular events after experimental stroke. Our results show that pericytes respond already within 1 hour after the ischemic insult. We find that approximately 30% of the pericyte population dies as early as 1 hour after stroke, while ca 50% express markers that indicate activation. A decrease of endothelial tight junctions, signs of endothelial cell death and reduction in blood vessel length are only detected at time points after the initial pericyte response. Consistently, markers of BBB leakage are observed several hours after pericyte cell death and/or vascular detachment. Our results suggest that the pericyte response to stroke occurs early and precedes both the endothelial response and the BBB breakdown. This highlights pericytes as an important target cell type to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Roth
- Translational Neurology Group, Department of Clinical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Robert Carlsson
- Translational Neurology Group, Department of Clinical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carolina Buizza
- Translational Neurology Group, Department of Clinical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Andreas Enström
- Translational Neurology Group, Department of Clinical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gesine Paul
- Translational Neurology Group, Department of Clinical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Scania University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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10
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Zhong J, Xu Z, Ding N, Wang Y, Chen W. The biological function of demethylase ALKBH1 and its role in human diseases. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33489. [PMID: 39040364 PMCID: PMC11260981 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
AlkB homolog 1 (ALKBH1) is a member of the AlkB family of dioxygenases that are dependent on Fe(II) and α-ketoglutarate. Mounting evidence demonstrates that ALKBH1 exhibits enzymatic activity against various substrates, including N6-methyladenosine (m6A), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), N3-methylcytidine (m3C), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), N6-methyladenine (N6-mA, 6mA), and H2A, indicating its dual roles in different biological processes and involvement in human diseases. Up to the present, there is ongoing debate regarding ALKBH1's enzymatic activity. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary of recent research on ALKBH1, including its substrate diversity and pathological roles in a wide range of human disorders, the underlying mechanisms of its functions, and its dysregulation. We also explored the potential of ALKBH1 as a prognostic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Zhengyang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Ning Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yanting Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Wenwen Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
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11
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Denche-Zamorano Á, Pisà-Canyelles J, Barrios-Fernández S, Castillo-Paredes A, Pastor-Cisneros R, Mendoza-Muñoz M, Salas Gómez D, Mendoza Holgado C. Evaluation of the association of physical activity levels with self-perceived health, depression, and anxiety in Spanish individuals with high cholesterol levels: a retrospective cross-sectional study. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17169. [PMID: 39026536 PMCID: PMC11257045 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hypercholesterolemia is the most common form of dyslipidaemia in the world leading to negative health effects, both physical and mental. Physical activity (PA) can reduce total cholesterol and has positive effects on mental health. This retrospective cross-sectional study analyses the relationships between physical activity level (PAL), self-perceived health (SPH) and mental health. Methods This study was based on data from the Spanish National Health Survey 2017 (SNHS 2017), with 3,176 Spanish adults with high cholesterol as participants. Non-parametric tests were used as the data did not follow normality. Results Dependent relationships were found between PAL and SPH, depression and anxiety. Women had higher depression and anxiety prevalences than men, while men were more likely to report being very active, although the proportion of walkers was higher in women. The physically inactive population presented higher negative SPH, depression and anxiety proportions and psychological distress than physically active people. Conclusion The physically inactive people had a higher risk of negative SPH, depression and anxiety. Regular PA may improve SPH and mental health in people with high cholesterol, but more studies are needed to establish causal relationships, mechanisms, and optimal doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Denche-Zamorano
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Jofre Pisà-Canyelles
- Health, Economy, Motricity and Education Research Group (HEME), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Sabina Barrios-Fernández
- Occupation, Participation, Sustainability and Quality of Life (Ability Research Group), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Antonio Castillo-Paredes
- Grupo AFySE, Investigación en Actividad Física y Salud Escolar, Escuela de Pedagogía en Educación Física, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Las Americas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Raquel Pastor-Cisneros
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Maria Mendoza-Muñoz
- Research Group on Physical and Health Literacy and Health-Related Quality of Life (PHYQOL), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
- Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Evora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Diana Salas Gómez
- Escuelas Universitarias Gimbernat (EUG), Physiotherapy School Cantabria, Movement Analysis Laboratory, Universidad de Cantabria, Torrelavega, Spain
| | - Cristina Mendoza Holgado
- Occupation, Participation, Sustainability and Quality of Life (Ability Research Group), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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12
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Ouyang W, Tang B, He Y, Wu H, Yang P, Yin L, Li X, Li Y, Huang X. Mediation effect of gut microbiota on the relationship between physical activity and carotid plaque. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1432008. [PMID: 39056008 PMCID: PMC11269180 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1432008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity has been shown to have an effect on Carotid plaque (CP) which is a predictor of Cardiovascular disease (CVD). Studies have shown that physical activity can alter the composition of gut microbiota, whether its influence on CP was mediated by gut microbiota has yet to be proved. Methods We conducted a case-control study involving 30 CP patients and 31 controls. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between CP and physical activity. LefSe was used to explore the association between gut microbiota and physical activity as well as CP, and PhyloMed was used to examine the mediating effect of gut microbiota in the association between physical activity and CP. Results After adjusting for potential confounders, adequate physical activity showed a significant association with a decreased risk of CP (ORadj: 0.25, 95%CI: 0.06, 0.97). CP was associated with enrichment in the order Bacteroidales within the phylum Bacteroidetes and the predominant microbiota in individuals without plaque was the order Clostridiales (LDA scores >3). Individuals with adequate physical activity had a higher abundance of the order Clostridiales, while the order Bacteroidetes was enriched in individuals with inadequate physical activity (LDA scores >3). The PhyloMed revealed a significant mediation effect of gut microbiota in the association between physical activity and CP (p = 0.03). Conclusion Adequate physical activity was significantly associated with a decreased risk of CP, and this association was mediated by an increase in the abundance of gut microbiota in the order Clostridiales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Ouyang
- Department of Epidemiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Bei Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yongmei He
- Department of Health Management, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Health Management, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pingting Yang
- Department of Health Management, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Yin
- Medical Research & Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Health Management, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China
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13
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Mulure N, Hewadmal H, Khan Z. Assessing Barriers to Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases in Low and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e65516. [PMID: 39188440 PMCID: PMC11346380 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.65516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) has greatly increased. Previously dominated by infectious diseases, LMICs are the new epicentre of CVDs. CVD is a common problem amongst the population in the African continent; however, many countries in LMICs lack the resources to stem the rise of CVDs. A systematic review was conducted between March and July 2023 to assess barriers to the primary prevention of CVDs in studies conducted in LMICs. Online databases, such as Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, and MEDLINE, were consulted. Keywords included primary prevention, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, weight loss, and physical fitness, all of which focused on LMICs. To enrich the literature review, efforts were made to check other listed references and more papers were retrieved. The inclusion criteria were countries in LMICs, CVD, full-text, and peer-reviewed journals. Qualitative and quantitative studies were included. Exclusion criteria included high-income countries, secondary prevention, and research unrelated to CVDs, such as barriers in oncology or mental health. A total of 1089 papers were retrieved from the search engines. After applying the exclusion criteria for LMICs, only 186 papers were retained. A further search for quality, relevance, and duplicity reduced the qualifying number to 50 papers. Further efforts to retrieve the data and examine the quality of the studies resulted in 18 final selected studies. Three categories emerged based on the type of barriers: physician barriers, patient barriers, and health system barriers. Evidently, in several LMICs, guidelines for CVD prevention were lacking, and too much emphasis was placed on secondary prevention at the expense of primary prevention, a lack of human resources, and inadequate infrastructure. Overworked healthcare providers were unable to allocate adequate time to the patients. There was no shared decision-making process. Patient barriers included lack of motivation, no symptoms, low level of education, no insurance, long physical distances to the facilities, and inadequate medication or stock out. Some of the major barriers included closing and opening hours, poor operating space, inadequate funding from the government or donors, and lack of electronic medical services. There are many barriers to accessing primary prevention services for CVDs. These barriers can be divided into patient, physician, or health system barriers. More research needs to be conducted in LMICs to address the increasing risk factors for CVDs. Greater investment is required by national governments to provide more resources. Task shifting and shared decision-making are some of the quick wins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Mulure
- Public Health, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi, KEN
| | - Hewad Hewadmal
- Internal Medicine, Desert Valley Hospital, Victorville, USA
| | - Zahid Khan
- Acute Medicine, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Southend-on-Sea, GBR
- Cardiology, Barts Heart Centre, London, GBR
- Cardiology and General Medicine, Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, London, GBR
- Cardiology, Royal Free Hospital, London, GBR
- Preventive Cardiology, University of South Wales, London, GBR
- Cardiology, University of Buckingham, London, GBR
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14
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Zhou M, Kourtiche D, Claudel J, Deschamps F, Magne I, Roth P, Schmitt P, Nadi M. Interference voltage measurement and analysis of cardiac implants exposed to electric fields at extremely low frequency. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2024; 10:045060. [PMID: 38861945 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ad567e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Objective.The possibility of interference by electromagnetic fields in the workplaces with cardiac implants is a concern for both individuals and employers. This article presents an analysis of the interference to which cardiac implants are subjected under high-intensity electric field at the power frequency.Approach.Evaluations of interference were conducted by studying the induced voltages at the device input in the real case study and the substitute study, and establishing an association between them with the equivalence factorF. A funnel-shaped phantom, designed forin vitrotesting and representing the electrical characteristics of the locations where cardiac implants are installed, was used in the substitute study. A measuring system was implemented to measure the induced voltage at the device input under high intensity electric fields.Main results.The induced voltages obtained in the experimental measurements align with the findings of the numerical study in the phantom. By applying the equivalence factors derived between the real case study and the substitute study (2.39 for unipolar sensing; 3.64 for bipolar sensing), the induced voltages on the cardiac implants can be determined for the real case using the substitute experimental set-up.Significance.The interference voltages on the cardiac implants under electric field exposures at low frequency were experimentally measured with detailed description. The findings provide evidence for an analysis method to systematically study the electromagnetic interference on the cardiac implants at low frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxi Zhou
- Université de Lorraine, Institut Jean Lamour (UMR 7198), CNRS, 2 allée André Guinier, Campus Artem, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Djilali Kourtiche
- Université de Lorraine, Institut Jean Lamour (UMR 7198), CNRS, 2 allée André Guinier, Campus Artem, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Julien Claudel
- Université de Lorraine, Institut Jean Lamour (UMR 7198), CNRS, 2 allée André Guinier, Campus Artem, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Francois Deschamps
- RTE, Direction Développement Ingénierie, Département Concertation et Environnement, Place du Dôme 92073 Paris La Défense Cedex, France
| | - Isabelle Magne
- EDF , Service des Etudes Médicales, Immeuble Smartside, Bâtiment Bréchet, 4ème étage, zone 4-680 4 rue Floréal, 75017 Paris, France
| | - Patrice Roth
- Université de Lorraine, Institut Jean Lamour (UMR 7198), CNRS, 2 allée André Guinier, Campus Artem, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Pierre Schmitt
- Université de Lorraine, Institut Jean Lamour (UMR 7198), CNRS, 2 allée André Guinier, Campus Artem, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Mustapha Nadi
- Université de Lorraine, Institut Jean Lamour (UMR 7198), CNRS, 2 allée André Guinier, Campus Artem, 54000 Nancy, France
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15
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Li C, Deng C, Shi B, Zhao R. Thin-cap fibroatheroma in acute coronary syndrome: Implication for intravascular imaging assessment. Int J Cardiol 2024; 405:131965. [PMID: 38492863 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.131965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), a significant cardiovascular disease threat, has garnered increased focus concerning its etiological mechanisms. Thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) are central to ACS pathogenesis, characterized by lipid-rich plaques, profuse foam cells, cholesterol crystals, and fragile fibrous caps predisposed to rupture. While TCFAs may be latent and asymptomatic, their pivotal role in ACS risk is undeniable. High-resolution imaging techniques like Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) are instrumental for effective TCFA detection. Therapeutic strategies encompass pharmacological and interventional measures, including antiplatelet agents, statins, and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI), aiding in plaque stabilization, inflammation reduction, and rupture risk mitigation. Despite the strong correlation between TCFAs and adverse prognoses in ACS patients, early detection and rigorous treatment significantly enhance patient prognosis and diminish cardiovascular events. This review aims to encapsulate recent advancements in TCFA research within ACS, covering formation mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and prognostic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaozhong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Chancui Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Bei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Ranzun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
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Amoedo-Leite C, Parv K, Testini C, Herrera-Hidalgo C, Xu F, Giraud A, Malaquias M, Fasterius E, Holl D, Seignez C, Göritz C, Christoffersson G, Phillipson M. Macrophages upregulate mural cell-like markers and support healing of ischemic injury by adopting functions important for vascular support. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2024; 3:685-700. [PMID: 39196227 PMCID: PMC11358018 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-024-00478-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Sterile inflammation after injury is important for tissue restoration. In injured human and mouse tissues, macrophages were recently found to accumulate perivascularly. This study investigates if macrophages adopt a mural cell phenotype important for restoration after ischemic injury. Single-cell RNA sequencing of fate-mapped macrophages from ischemic mouse muscles demonstrates a macrophage-toward-mural cell switch of a subpopulation of macrophages with downregulated myeloid cell genes and upregulated mural cell genes, including PDGFRβ. This observation was further strengthened when including unspliced transcripts in the analysis. The macrophage switch was proven functionally relevant, as induction of macrophage-specific PDGFRβ deficiency prevented their perivascular macrophage phenotype, impaired vessel maturation and increased vessel leakiness, which ultimately reduced limb function. In conclusion, macrophages in adult ischemic tissue were demonstrated to undergo a cellular program to morphologically, transcriptomically and functionally resemble mural cells while weakening their macrophage identity. The macrophage-to-mural cell-like phenotypic switch is crucial for restoring tissue function and warrants further exploration as a potential target for immunotherapies to enhance healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristel Parv
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Chiara Testini
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Feifei Xu
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Antoine Giraud
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marta Malaquias
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erik Fasterius
- National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden
| | - Daniel Holl
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cedric Seignez
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christian Göritz
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Gustaf Christoffersson
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mia Phillipson
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Redondo-Rodríguez C, Villafaina S, Ramos-Fuentes MI, Fuentes-García JP. The psychological well-being index and quality of life after a cardiac rehabilitation program based on aerobic training and psychosocial support. Physiol Behav 2024; 280:114560. [PMID: 38631544 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the physical and psychological benefits of an alternative cardiac rehabilitation program based on therapeutic groups during physical exercise sessions and to compare the results with those of a conventional cardiac rehabilitation program. METHOD The sample included 112 patients from the cardiac rehabilitation unit of a medical center, 91.1 % of whom were male. The control group consisted of 47 subjects, with a mean age of 57.89 ± 12.30 and the experimental group consisted of 65 subjects, with a mean age of M = 58.38 ± 9.86. Quality of life, psychological well-being, health-related quality of life, body mass index, blood pressure, abdominal circumference and resting heart rate were measured before starting and at the end of the cardiac rehabilitation program. RESULTS The experimental group improved significantly more than the control group in body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, abdominal circumference, and resting heart rate (p value < 0.005). In addition, the experimental group had significantly greater improvements in quality of life, psychological well-being, and health-related quality of life than the control group (p-value < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS A cardiac rehabilitation program based on simultaneous aerobic training and psychosocial support improved the physical function, health-related quality of life and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Santos Villafaina
- Faculty of Sport Science, University of Extremadura, Cáceres 10003, Spain
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18
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Kerrouche O, Amghar H, Haddad H. [Sudden death in adults : Data from 305 consecutive autopsy cases in Algeria]. Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) 2024; 73:101760. [PMID: 38761589 DOI: 10.1016/j.ancard.2024.101760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND-AIMS Sudden death in a young adult who showed no prodrome or complaint during his lifetime is a tragedy. The death often remains unexplained by doctors and is often the subject of a judicial investigation following which an autopsy is ordered. Our study joins several studies around the world, where the results have linked sudden death in adults to a cardiac origin. METHODS Through a series of 305 autopsies carried out in the forensic medicine department of the Frantz Fanon hospital in the city of Bejaia in Algeria over a period of two years, 57 cases corresponded to unexplained sudden deaths, i.e. an incidence of 3 cases per 100,000 inhabitants per year. RESULTS Sudden death was of cardiac origin in 50.8% of cases (N=28). Two epidemiologic profiles emerge in our study: the first is that of a man aged between 50 and 60 years of age, with several deleterious lifestyle habits (in particular smoking) with a cardiovascular history, previously followed by a cardiologist, who died suddenly out-of-hospital, from ischemic heart disease. The second is that of a young adult under 40 years of age, of average build, with no particular medical history, having not previously consulted a cardiologist, who died suddenly of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. CONCLUSIONS In many instances, we observed major anatomical lesion, which had not motivated any prior medical consultation either with a general practitioner or with a cardiologist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oussama Kerrouche
- Enseignant chercheur hospitalo-universitaire à la faculté de médecine, université de Tlemcen, Algérie; Maitre-assistant en médecine légale, droit médical et éthique de santé, service de médecine légale du CHU de Tlemcen, Algérie.
| | - Houssam Amghar
- Assistant praticien en anesthésie et réanimation à l'établissement public hospitalier d'Ain Salah, Algérie; Enseignant chercheur hospitalo-universitaire à la faculté de médecine, université de Tlemcen, Algérie
| | - Hicham Haddad
- Assistant praticien en anesthésie et réanimation à l'établissement public hospitalier d'Ain Bessam, Bouira, Algérie; Maitre-assistant en médecine légale, droit médical et éthique de santé, service de médecine légale du CHU de Tlemcen, Algérie
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Bizimana PC, Zhang Z, Hounye AH, Asim M, Hammad M, El-Latif AAA. Automated heart disease prediction using improved explainable learning-based technique. Neural Comput Appl 2024. [DOI: 10.1007/s00521-024-09967-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
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20
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Al-Abdulla SA, Haj Bakri A, Mansaray MA, Al-Kuwari MG. Assessing the impact of annual health screenings in identifying noncommunicable disease risk factors within Qatar's primary health care corporation Qatari registered population. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1305636. [PMID: 38846608 PMCID: PMC11155192 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1305636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are a significant global health burden, including in Qatar, where cardiovascular diseases cause mortality. This study examines the outcomes of the annual health checkup implemented by the Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC) in Qatar in detecting NCDs risk factors among Qataris aged 18+ years. Methods A cross-sectional study design was implemented to calculate the prevalence of behavioural and metabolic NCDs risk factors among Qataris who underwent annual health checkups between 2017 and 2019. Data on age, gender, tobacco consumption, height, weight, blood pressure, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and cholesterol levels were extracted from electronic medical records. Results In 2019, Qatar experienced an 80% rise in Annual Health checkups attendance compared to 2017. Tobacco use fluctuated between 11.79 and 12.91%, peaking at 35.67% among males in 2018. Qataris with elevated blood pressure dropped from 29.44% in 2017 to 18.52% in 2019. Obesity decreased from 48.32 to 42.29%, more prevalent in females. High HbA1c levels reduced from 13.33 to 8.52%, while pre-diabetic levels rose from 21.1 to 25.52%. High cholesterol ranged from 7.31 to 9.47%. In a regression analysis, males had 2.28 times higher odds of elevated blood pressure and 1.54 times higher odds of high HbA1c, with a 0.68 lower odds of obesity compared to females. Ages 36 and above had 2.61 times higher odds of high cholesterol compared to younger age groups. Conclusion The annual health screening has shown promising results in detecting and addressing NCDs risk factors among Qataris. The attendance rate has increased over the three-year period, and there has been a decrease in the prevalence of elevated blood pressure, obesity, and high HbA1c levels. However, tobacco consumption and pre-diabetic levels remain significant concerns. These findings can guide the implementation of tailored preventative and curative services to improve the health and well-being of the Qatari population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari
- Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC), Doha, Qatar
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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21
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Zhang Q, Shen L, Ruan H, Huang Z. cGAS-STING signaling in cardiovascular diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1402817. [PMID: 38803502 PMCID: PMC11128581 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1402817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Sterile inflammation, characterized by a persistent chronic inflammatory state, significantly contributes to the progression of various diseases such as autoimmune, metabolic, neurodegenerative, and cardiovascular disorders. Recent evidence has increasingly highlighted the intricate connection between inflammatory responses and cardiovascular diseases, underscoring the pivotal role of the Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING). STING is crucial for the secretion of type I interferon (IFN) and proinflammatory cytokines in response to cytosolic nucleic acids, playing a vital role in the innate immune system. Specifically, research has underscored the STING pathway involvement in unregulated inflammations, where its aberrant activation leads to a surge in inflammatory events, enhanced IFN I responses, and cell death. The primary pathway triggering STING activation is the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) pathway. This review delves into recent findings on STING and the cGAS-STING pathways, focusing on their regulatory mechanisms and impact on cardiovascular diseases. It also discusses the latest advancements in identifying antagonists targeting cGAS and STING, and concludes by assessing the potential of cGAS or STING inhibitors as treatments for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The People’s Hospital of Yuhuan, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lijuan Shen
- Department of Cardiology, The People’s Hospital of Yuhuan, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongbiao Ruan
- Department of Cardiology, The People’s Hospital of Yuhuan, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhouqing Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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22
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Ivanescu AC, Dan GA. Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Management: A Call for Better Acknowledgment-Part 1 Pharmacological Differences in Women and Men; How Relevant Are They? Am J Ther 2024; 31:e237-e245. [PMID: 38691663 DOI: 10.1097/mjt.0000000000001753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex differences (SDs) in pharmacology of cardiovascular (CV) drugs have been described previously; however, paradoxically, there are scarce recommendations in therapy based on these differences. It is of utmost importance to identify whether these SDs determine a modified clinical response and the potential practical implications for this, to provide a base for personalized medicine. AREA OF UNCERTAINTY The aim of this article was to outline the most important pharmacological drivers of cardiovascular drugs that differ between women and men, along with their implications and challenges in clinical practice. DATA SOURCES A detailed assessment of English-written resources reflecting SDs impact in CV drug pharmacology was performed using PubMed and Embase databases. RESULTS Despite large variations in CV drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in individuals, correcting for height, weight, surface area, and body composition compensate for most "sex-dependent" differences. In addition, individual, cultural, and social factors significantly impact disease management in women versus men. Gender-biased prescribing patterns and gender-dependent adherence to therapy also influence outcomes. The development of sex-specific guidelines requires that they should reflect the SDs implications for the management of a disease and that the evidence should be carefully evaluated as to whether there is an adequate representation of both sexes and whether sex-disaggregated data are reported. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacological drivers are under the influence of an impressive number of differences between women and men. However, to establish their significance in clinical practice, an adequate representation of women in studies and the reporting of distinct results is mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea-Cristina Ivanescu
- Carol Davila University of Medicine, Bucharest, Romania; and
- Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gheorghe-Andrei Dan
- Carol Davila University of Medicine, Bucharest, Romania; and
- Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
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Lu L, Ye Y, Chen Y, Feng L, Huang J, Liang Q, Lan Z, Dong Q, Liu X, Li Y, Zhang X, Ou JS, Chen A, Yan J. Oxidized phospholipid POVPC contributes to vascular calcification by triggering ferroptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23592. [PMID: 38581243 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302570r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Vascular calcification is an actively regulated biological process resembling bone formation, and osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays a crucial role in this process. 1-Palmitoyl-2-(5'-oxo-valeroyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POVPC), an oxidized phospholipid, is found in atherosclerotic plaques and has been shown to induce oxidative stress. However, the effects of POVPC on osteogenic differentiation and calcification of VSMCs have yet to be studied. In the present study, we investigated the role of POVPC in vascular calcification using in vitro and ex vivo models. POVPC increased mineralization of VSMCs and arterial rings, as shown by alizarin red staining. In addition, POVPC treatment increased expression of osteogenic markers Runx2 and BMP2, indicating that POVPC promotes osteogenic transition of VSMCs. Moreover, POVPC increased oxidative stress and impaired mitochondria function of VSMCs, as shown by increased ROS levels, impairment of mitochondrial membrane potential, and decreased ATP levels. Notably, ferroptosis triggered by POVPC was confirmed by increased levels of intracellular ROS, lipid ROS, and MDA, which were decreased by ferrostatin-1, a ferroptosis inhibitor. Furthermore, ferrostatin-1 attenuated POVPC-induced calcification of VSMCs. Taken together, our study for the first time demonstrates that POVPC promotes vascular calcification via activation of VSMC ferroptosis. Reducing the levels of POVPC or inhibiting ferroptosis might provide a novel strategy to treat vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihe Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanzhi Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yajun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liyun Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingchun Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zirong Lan
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yining Li
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Song Ou
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - An Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianyun Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
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Zhu Y, Zhao Y, Wu Y. Effectiveness of mobile health applications on clinical outcomes and health behaviors in patients with coronary heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Nurs Sci 2024; 11:258-275. [PMID: 38707688 PMCID: PMC11064579 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2024.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Mobile health applications (apps) have gained significant popularity and widespread utilization among patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of mHealth apps on clinical outcomes and health behaviors in patients with CHD. Methods Databases were searched from inception until December 2023, including Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese BioMedical Literature Service System (SinoMed), Wanfang Data, China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the effectiveness of mHealth apps in patients with CHD. Two researchers conducted a comprehensive review of the literature, extracting relevant data and evaluating each study's methodological quality separately. The meta-analysis was performed utilizing Review Manager v5.4 software. Results A total of 34 RCTs were included, with 5,319 participants. The findings demonstrated that using mHealth apps could decrease the incidence of major adverse cardiac events (RR = 0.68, P = 0.03), readmission rate (RR = 0.56, P < 0.001), total cholesterol (WMD = -0.19, P = 0.03), total triglycerides (WMD = -0.24, P < 0.001), waist circumference (WMD = -1.92, P = 0.01), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale score (WMD = -6.70, P < 0.001), and Self-Rating Depression Scale score (WMD = -7.87, P < 0.001). They can also increase the LVEF (WMD = 6.50, P < 0.001), VO2 max (WMD = 1.89, P < 0.001), 6-min walk distance (6MWD) (WMD = 19.43, P = 0.004), Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 score (WMD = 0.96, P = 0.004), and medication adherence rate (RR = 1.24, P = 0.03). Nevertheless, there is no proof that mHealth apps can lower low-density lipoprote in cholesterol, blood pressure, BMI, or other indicator (P > 0.05). Conclusion Mobile health apps have the potential to lower the incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), readmission rates, and blood lipids in patients with CHD. They can also help enhance cardiac function, promote medication adherence, and alleviate symptoms of anxiety and depression. To further corroborate these results, larger-scale, multi-center RCTs with longer follow-up periods are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Zhu
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhan Zhao
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wu
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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25
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Wu Y, Ma Y. CCL2-CCR2 signaling axis in obesity and metabolic diseases. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31192. [PMID: 38284280 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic diseases, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular ailments, represent formidable global health challenges, bearing considerable implications for both morbidity and mortality rates. It has become increasingly evident that chronic, low-grade inflammation plays a pivotal role in the genesis and advancement of these conditions. The involvement of C-C chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) and its corresponding receptor, C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), has been extensively documented in numerous inflammatory maladies. Recent evidence indicates that the CCL2/CCR2 pathway extends beyond immune cell recruitment and inflammation, exerting a notable influence on the genesis and progression of metabolic syndrome. The present review seeks to furnish a comprehensive exposition of the CCL2-CCR2 signaling axis within the context of obesity and metabolic disorders, elucidating its molecular mechanisms, functional roles, and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Center for Cell Structure and Function, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanchun Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Center for Cell Structure and Function, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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26
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Hurtado-Genovés G, Herrero-Cervera A, Vinué Á, Martín-Vañó S, Aguilar-Ballester M, Taberner-Cortés A, Jiménez-Martí E, Martínez-Hervás S, González-Navarro H. Light deficiency in Apoe-/-mice increases atheroma plaque size and vulnerability by modulating local immunity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167052. [PMID: 38336102 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Previous research suggests a potential involvement of the cytokine LIGHT (TNFSF14) in atherosclerosis. In this study, the genetic inactivation of Light in Apolipoprotein E deficient mice (male and female C57BL) augmented plaque size and vulnerability while decreasing Treg cells. Human and mouse transcriptomic results demonstrated deranged immune pathways in human atheromas with low LIGHT expression levels and in Light-deficient murine atheromas. In agreement with this, in vitro LIGHT-treatment of human lymphocytes, induced an elevation of Treg cell prevalence while proteomic analysis showed a downregulation of apoptotic and leukocyte cytotoxic pathways. Consistently, Light-deficient mouse lesions displayed increased plaque apoptosis and detrimental adventitial T-lymphocyte aggregates. Altogether suggested that LIGHT could promote a Treg prevalence in the local immunity to prevent the generation of vulnerable plaques via decreased cytotoxic microenvironment and apoptosis. Light gene delivery in Apoe-/-Light-/- mice, through bone marrow transplantation approaches, consistently diminished lesion size and restored local plaque immunity. Altogether demonstrate that Light-deficiency promotes atheroma plaque progression, at least in part through local loss of immune homeostasis and increased apoptosis. This study suggest that therapies based on the local delivery of LIGHT within plaques might therefore prevent immune cell derangement and advanced atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ángela Vinué
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Elena Jiménez-Martí
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sergio Martínez-Hervás
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain; Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Clinic Hospital and Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Herminia González-Navarro
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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O'Sullivan JL, Kohl R, Lech S, Romanescu L, Schuster J, Kuhlmey A, Gellert P, Yasar S. Statin Use and All-Cause Mortality in Nursing Home Residents With and Without Dementia: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using Claims Data. Neurology 2024; 102:e209189. [PMID: 38412394 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Little is known about the benefits of statin therapy in older adults with dementia. We aimed to evaluate the role of statin use for all-cause mortality in nursing home residents with and without dementia. METHODS This retrospective cohort study used claims data collected between January 2015 and December 2019 from a German health and long-term care insurance provider. Propensity score-based Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the association of statin use with all-cause mortality and adjusted for potential confounders in nursing home residents. Subgroup analyses were performed based on the presence or absence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), statin intensity (low, moderate, high), dementia type, age, sex, and level of care required. RESULTS A total of 282,693 participants were included in the study, of which 96,162 were matched. In total, 68.9% were women, and the mean age was 82.91 years (SD ±7.97). The average observation period was 2.25 years (SD ±1.35), and 54,269 deaths were recorded. Statin use in individuals with dementia resulted in lower all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 0.80, 95% CI 0.78-0.82, p < 0.001) compared with statin nonusers. Similarly, in individuals without dementia, statin use was associated with lower all-cause mortality (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.71-0.76, p < 0.001) compared with statin nonusers. Similar findings were observed in subanalyses excluding participants with a history of ASCVD and across subgroups stratified by age, sex, care level required, and dementia type. Statin benefits were consistent among individuals with and without dementia. DISCUSSION Statin benefits were consistent among individuals with and without dementia. Statin therapy may be continued in nursing home residents with dementia to mitigate the risk of all-cause mortality. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class III evidence that nursing home patients receiving statins have a lower mortality rate, whether they have a dementia diagnosis or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Lorraine O'Sullivan
- From The Institute for Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Science (J.L.O.S., R.K., S.L., L.R. J.S. A.K. P.G.), Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG) (J.L.O.S., P.G.), partner site Berlin/Potsdam; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.L.) and Friede Springer Cardiovascular Prevention Center (P.G.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; and Divison of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (S.Y.), Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Raphael Kohl
- From The Institute for Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Science (J.L.O.S., R.K., S.L., L.R. J.S. A.K. P.G.), Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG) (J.L.O.S., P.G.), partner site Berlin/Potsdam; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.L.) and Friede Springer Cardiovascular Prevention Center (P.G.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; and Divison of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (S.Y.), Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sonia Lech
- From The Institute for Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Science (J.L.O.S., R.K., S.L., L.R. J.S. A.K. P.G.), Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG) (J.L.O.S., P.G.), partner site Berlin/Potsdam; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.L.) and Friede Springer Cardiovascular Prevention Center (P.G.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; and Divison of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (S.Y.), Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Laura Romanescu
- From The Institute for Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Science (J.L.O.S., R.K., S.L., L.R. J.S. A.K. P.G.), Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG) (J.L.O.S., P.G.), partner site Berlin/Potsdam; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.L.) and Friede Springer Cardiovascular Prevention Center (P.G.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; and Divison of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (S.Y.), Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Johanna Schuster
- From The Institute for Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Science (J.L.O.S., R.K., S.L., L.R. J.S. A.K. P.G.), Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG) (J.L.O.S., P.G.), partner site Berlin/Potsdam; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.L.) and Friede Springer Cardiovascular Prevention Center (P.G.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; and Divison of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (S.Y.), Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Adelheid Kuhlmey
- From The Institute for Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Science (J.L.O.S., R.K., S.L., L.R. J.S. A.K. P.G.), Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG) (J.L.O.S., P.G.), partner site Berlin/Potsdam; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.L.) and Friede Springer Cardiovascular Prevention Center (P.G.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; and Divison of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (S.Y.), Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Paul Gellert
- From The Institute for Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Science (J.L.O.S., R.K., S.L., L.R. J.S. A.K. P.G.), Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG) (J.L.O.S., P.G.), partner site Berlin/Potsdam; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.L.) and Friede Springer Cardiovascular Prevention Center (P.G.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; and Divison of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (S.Y.), Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sevil Yasar
- From The Institute for Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Science (J.L.O.S., R.K., S.L., L.R. J.S. A.K. P.G.), Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG) (J.L.O.S., P.G.), partner site Berlin/Potsdam; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.L.) and Friede Springer Cardiovascular Prevention Center (P.G.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; and Divison of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (S.Y.), Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Chouliara N, Cameron T, Byrne A, Fisher R. Getting the message across; a realist study of the role of communication and information exchange processes in delivering stroke Early Supported Discharge services in England. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298140. [PMID: 38457416 PMCID: PMC10923427 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke early supported discharge (ESD) involves the co-ordinated transfer of care from hospital to home. The quality of communication processes between professionals delivering ESD and external stakeholders may have a role to play in streamlining this process. We explored how communication and information exchange were achieved and influenced the hospital-to-home transition and the delivery quality of ESD, from healthcare professionals' perspectives. METHODS Six ESD case study sites in England were purposively selected. Under a realist approach, we conducted interviews and focus groups with 117 staff members, including a cross-section of the multidisciplinary team, service managers and commissioners. RESULTS Great variation was observed between services in the type of communication processes they employed and how organised these efforts were. Effective communication between ESD team members and external stakeholders was identified as a key mechanism driving the development of collaborative and trusting relationships and promoting coordinated care transitions. Cross-boundary working arrangements with inpatient services helped clarify the role and remit of ESD, contributing to timely hospital discharge and response from ESD teams. Staff perceived honest and individualised information provision as key to effectively prepare stroke survivors and families for care transitions and promote rehabilitation engagement. In designing and implementing ESD, early stakeholder involvement ensured the services' fit in the local pathway and laid the foundations for communication and partnership working going forward. CONCLUSIONS Findings highlighted the interdependency between services delivering ESD and local stroke care pathways. Maintaining good communication and engagement with key stakeholders may help achieve a streamlined hospital discharge process and timely delivery of ESD. ESD services should actively manage communication processes with external partners. A shared cross-service communication strategy to guide the provision of information along to continuum of stroke care is required. Findings may inform efforts towards the delivery of better coordinated stroke care pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Chouliara
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration (ARC) East Midlands, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Trudi Cameron
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Byrne
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rebecca Fisher
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Clinical Policy Unit, NHS England, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Hidalgo-Muñoz AR, Tabernero C, Luque B. Network analysis to examine sex differences linked to emotional well-being in cardiovascular disease. J Health Psychol 2024:13591053241230263. [PMID: 38433658 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241230263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Psychosocial dimensions are essential to guarantee an optimal approach to improve emotional well-being in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). There is evidence of sex differences regarding these dimensions. Thus, the connections between them are crucial to implement personalized therapies. Network model analyses were conducted on data from 593 CVD patients. The models included scores from the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), positive (PA) and negative affect (NA), positivity (PS), satisfaction of life (SLS), social support (SS), self-efficacy on emotion regulation (RESE), cardiac self-efficacy (CSE) and the Short Form-12 Health Survey. The main sex differences were found in: PA-PS (p = 0.03), SS-RESE (p = 0.04), for which the positive associations are stronger for men than for women and PA-RESE (p < 0.01) for which the positive association is stronger for women than for men. These nuances should be considered to implement tailored and integrative therapies for each CVD patient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bárbara Luque
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba, Spain
- University of Cordoba, Spain
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30
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Grazide MH, Ruidavets JB, Martinet W, Elbaz M, Vindis C. Association of Circulating Autophagy Proteins ATG5 and Beclin 1 with Acute Myocardial Infarction in a Case-Control Study. Cardiology 2024; 149:217-224. [PMID: 38432214 DOI: 10.1159/000537816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a main contributor of sudden cardiac death worldwide. The discovery of new biomarkers that can improve AMI risk prediction meets a major clinical need for the identification of high-risk patients and the tailoring of medical treatment. Previously, we reported that autophagy a highly conserved catabolic mechanism for intracellular degradation of cellular components is involved in atherosclerotic plaque phenotype and cardiac pathological remodeling. The crucial role of autophagy in the normal and diseased heart has been well described, and its activation functions as a pro-survival process in response to myocardial ischemia. However, autophagy is dysregulated in ischemia/reperfusion injury, thus promoting necrotic or apoptotic cardiac cell death. Very few studies have focused on the plasma levels of autophagy markers in cardiovascular disease patients, even though they could be companion biomarkers of AMI injury. The aims of the present study were to evaluate (1) whether variations in plasma levels of two key autophagy regulators autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5) and Beclin 1 (the mammalian yeast ortholog Atg6/Vps30) are associated with AMI and (2) their potential for predicting AMI risk. METHODS The case-control study population included AMI patients (n = 100) and control subjects (n = 99) at high cardiovascular risk but without known coronary disease. Plasma levels of ATG5 and Beclin 1 were measured in the whole population study by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Multivariate analyses adjusted on common cardiovascular factors and medical treatments, and receiver operating characteristic curves demonstrated that ATG5 and Beclin 1 levels were inversely associated with AMI and provided original biomarkers for AMI risk prediction. CONCLUSION Plasma levels of autophagy regulators ATG5 and Beclin 1 represent relevant candidate biomarkers associated with AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Hélène Grazide
- Center for Clinical Investigation (CIC1436)/CARDIOMET, Rangueil University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Wim Martinet
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Meyer Elbaz
- Center for Clinical Investigation (CIC1436)/CARDIOMET, Rangueil University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- Department of Cardiology, Rangueil University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Cécile Vindis
- Center for Clinical Investigation (CIC1436)/CARDIOMET, Rangueil University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
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31
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Coombes BK, Hanna M, Thompson KA, Coppieters MW, Dick TJM, Andrade RJ, Barber L. Mild untreated hypercholesterolaemia affects mechanical properties of the Achilles tendon but not gastrocnemius muscle. J Biomech 2024; 166:112048. [PMID: 38493577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Tendon xanthoma and altered mechanical properties have been demonstrated in people with familial hypercholesterolaemia. However, it is unclear whether mild, untreated hypercholesterolaemia alters musculotendinous mechanical properties and muscle architecture. We conducted a case-control study of adults aged 50 years and over, without lower limb injury or history of statin medication. Based on fasting low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, 6 participants had borderline high LDL (>3.33 mmol/L) and 6 had optimal LDL cholesterol (<2.56 mmol/L). Using shear wave elastography, shear wave velocity (SWV) of the Achilles tendon and gastrocnemius medialis muscle (a proxy for stiffness), along with muscle fascicle length and pennation angle were measured under four passive tensile loads (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 kg) applied via a pulley system. Differences between groups were found for tendon SWV but not muscle SWV, fascicle length or pennation angle. Participants with hypercholesterolaemia showed greater SWV (mean difference, 95 % CI: 2.4 m/s, 0.9 to 4.0, P = 0.024) compared to the control group across all loads. These findings suggest that adults with mild hypercholesterolaemia have increased tendon stiffness under low passive loads, while muscle was not affected. Future research is needed to confirm findings in a larger cohort and explore the impact of hypercholesterolaemia on tendon fatigue injury and tendinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke K Coombes
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, Australia 4111; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, Australia 4111.
| | - Monica Hanna
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, Australia 4111
| | - Kaelah A Thompson
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, Australia 4111.
| | - Michel W Coppieters
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, Australia 4111; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, Australia 4111; Adjunct, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Taylor J M Dick
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Chancellors Place, St Lucia, Brisbane 4067, Australia.
| | - Ricardo J Andrade
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, Australia 4111; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, Australia 4111; Nantes Université, Movement - Interactions - Performance, MIP, UR 4334, Nantes F 44000, France.
| | - Lee Barber
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, Australia 4111; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, Australia 4111.
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Luo X, Shi J, Wang R, Cao L, Gao Y, Wang J, Hong M, Sun X, Zhang Y. Near-Infrared Persistent Luminescence Nanoprobe for Early Detection of Atherosclerotic Plaque. ACS NANO 2024; 18:6500-6512. [PMID: 38348833 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c12136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a crucial contributor to various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which seriously threaten human life and health. Early and accurate recognition of AS plaques is essential for the prevention and treatment of CVD. Herein, we introduce an AS-targeting nanoprobe based on near-infrared (NIR) persistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs), developing a highly sensitive NIR persistent luminescence (PersL) AS plaque imaging technique and successfully realizing early AS plaque detection. The nanoprobe exhibits good monodispersity and regular spherical morphology and also owns exceptional NIR PersL performance upon repetitive irradiation by biological window light. The surface-conjugated antibody (anti-osteopontin) endowed nanoprobe excellent targeting ability to foam cells within plaques. After intravenously injected nanoprobe into AS model mice, the highly sensitive PersL imaging technique can accurately detect AS plaques prior to ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Specifically, the NIR PersL imaging reveals AS plaques at the earliest within 2 weeks, with higher signal-to-background ratio (SBR) up to 5.72. Based on this technique, the nanoprobe has great potential for applications in the prevention and treatment of CVD, the study of AS pathogenesis, and the screening of anti-AS drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
- School of Rare Earths, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Science, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Junpeng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
- School of Rare Earths, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Science, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Longlong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Gao
- School of Rare Earths, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Science, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyuan Wang
- School of Rare Earths, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Science, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Maochun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Sun
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
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Aguilar-Palacio I, Rabanaque M, Castel S, Maldonado L, González-García J, Compés L, Malo S. Cohort Profile: The CArdiovascular Risk factors for hEalth Services research (CARhES) cohort study. Int J Epidemiol 2024; 53:dyae015. [PMID: 38380446 PMCID: PMC10879753 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyae015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Aguilar-Palacio
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Servicios Sanitarios de Aragón (GRISSA), Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - MªJosé Rabanaque
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Servicios Sanitarios de Aragón (GRISSA), Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Castel
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Servicios Sanitarios de Aragón (GRISSA), Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Lina Maldonado
- Grupo de Investigación en Servicios Sanitarios de Aragón (GRISSA), Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Applied Economics, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Juan González-García
- Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Biocomputing Unit, Aragón Health Sciences Institute (IACS), Zaragoza, Spain
- Data Science for Health Services and Policy Research Group, Aragón Health Sciences Institute (IACS), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luisa Compés
- Grupo de Investigación en Servicios Sanitarios de Aragón (GRISSA), Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Sanidad de Aragón, Dirección General de Asistencia Sanitaria, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sara Malo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Servicios Sanitarios de Aragón (GRISSA), Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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Gaita L, Timar B, Timar R, Fras Z, Gaita D, Banach M. Lipid Disorders Management Strategies (2024) in Prediabetic and Diabetic Patients. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:219. [PMID: 38399434 PMCID: PMC10892910 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidaemia is a modifiable risk factor commonly associated with diabetes mellitus and prediabetes, with a major impact on the early development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Various studies have tried to identify the key treatment targets, their optimal values according to patients' CV risk, and the most efficient yet safe therapeutic agents which, alongside lifestyle changes, would improve lipid levels and reduce cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Currently, there are multiple pharmacologic options that can be used in the management of dyslipidaemia, such as statins, ezetimibe, bempedoic acid, PCSK9 inhibitors, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids or fibrates, to name only a few, while many other are under development. In the current setting of a continuously increasing population of patients with metabolic disorders, this review aims to summarise current knowledge regarding lipid disorders and the recommendations of recent guidelines in treating dyslipidaemia in patients with diabetes mellitus or prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gaita
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- “Pius Brinzeu” Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Bogdan Timar
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- “Pius Brinzeu” Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Romulus Timar
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- “Pius Brinzeu” Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Zlatko Fras
- Department of Vascular Disease, University Medical Center Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Dan Gaita
- Department of Cardiology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Institutul de Boli Cardiovasculare, 300310 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Medical University of Lodz (MUL), 90-419 Lodz, Poland
- Department of Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease of Adults, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), 93-338 Lodz, Poland
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, 65-417 Zielona Gora, Poland
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Song X, Man J, Qiu Y, Wang J, Liu J, Li R, Zhang Y, Li J, Li J, Chen Y. Design, preparation, and characterization of lubricating polymer brushes for biomedical applications. Acta Biomater 2024; 175:76-105. [PMID: 38128641 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The lubrication modification of biomedical devices significantly enhances the functionality of implanted interventional medical devices, thereby providing additional benefits for patients. Polymer brush coating provides a convenient and efficient method for surface modification while ensuring the preservation of the substrate's original properties. The current research has focused on a "trial and error" method to finding polymer brushes with superior lubricity qualities, which is time-consuming and expensive, as obtaining effective and long-lasting lubricity properties for polymer brushes is difficult. This review summarizes recent research advances in the biomedical field in the design, material selection, preparation, and characterization of lubricating and antifouling polymer brushes, which follow the polymer brush development process. This review begins by examining various approaches to polymer brush design, including molecular dynamics simulation and machine learning, from the fundamentals of polymer brush lubrication. Recent advancements in polymer brush design are then synthesized and potential avenues for future research are explored. Emphasis is placed on the burgeoning field of zwitterionic polymer brushes, and highlighting the broad prospects of supramolecular polymer brushes based on host-guest interactions in the field of self-repairing polymer brush applications. The review culminates by providing a summary of methodologies for characterizing the structural and functional attributes of polymer brushes. It is believed that a development approach for polymer brushes based on "design-material selection-preparation-characterization" can be created, easing the challenge of creating polymer brushes with high-performance lubricating qualities and enabling the on-demand creation of coatings. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biomedical devices have severe lubrication modification needs, and surface lubrication modification by polymer brush coating is currently the most promising means. However, the design and preparation of polymer brushes often involves "iterative testing" to find polymer brushes with excellent lubrication properties, which is both time-consuming and expensive. This review proposes a polymer brush development process based on the "design-material selection-preparation-characterization" strategy and summarizes recent research advances and trends in the design, material selection, preparation, and characterization of polymer brushes. This review will help polymer brush researchers by alleviating the challenges of creating polymer brushes with high-performance lubricity and promises to enable the on-demand construction of polymer brush lubrication coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhong Song
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jia Man
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China.
| | - Yinghua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Jianing Liu
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Ruijian Li
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Yongqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jianyong Li
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Yuguo Chen
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Xu L, Yao Y, Qian W, Qi L. ST-GAN: A Swin Transformer-Based Generative Adversarial Network for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation of Cross-Modality Cardiac Segmentation. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2024; 28:893-904. [PMID: 38019618 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2023.3336965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) methods have shown great potential in cross-modality medical image segmentation tasks, where target domain labels are unavailable. However, the domain shift among different image modalities remains challenging, because the conventional UDA methods are based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs), which tend to focus on the texture of images and cannot establish the global semantic relevance of features due to the locality of CNNs. This paper proposes a novel end-to-end Swin Transformer-based generative adversarial network (ST-GAN) for cross-modality cardiac segmentation. In the generator of ST-GAN, we utilize the local receptive fields of CNNs to capture spatial information and introduce the Swin Transformer to extract global semantic information, which enables the generator to better extract the domain-invariant features in UDA tasks. In addition, we design a multi-scale feature fuser to sufficiently fuse the features acquired at different stages and improve the robustness of the UDA network. We extensively evaluated our method with two cross-modality cardiac segmentation tasks on the MS-CMR 2019 dataset and the M&Ms dataset. The results of two different tasks show the validity of ST-GAN compared with the state-of-the-art cross-modality cardiac image segmentation methods.
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Huang A, Xu T, Lu X, Ma L, Ma H, Yu Y, Yao L. Shh-Gli2-Runx2 inhibits vascular calcification. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2024; 39:305-316. [PMID: 37451818 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfad165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), vascular calcification (VC) is common and is associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality. Shh, one ligand for Hedgehog (Hh) signaling, participates in osteogenesis and several cardiovascular diseases. However, it remains unclear whether Shh is implicated in the development of VC. METHODS Inorganic phosphorus 2.6 mM was used to induce vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) calcification. Mice were fed with adenine diet supplement with 1.2% phosphorus to induce VC. RESULTS Shh was decreased in VSMCs exposed to inorganic phosphorus, calcified arteries in mice fed with an adenine diet, as well as radial arteries from patients with CKD presenting VC. Overexpression of Shh inhibited VSMCs ostosteoblastic differentiation and calcification, whereas its silencing accelerated these processes. Likewise, mice treated with smoothened agonist (SAG; Hh signaling agonist) showed alleviated VC, and mice treated with cyclopamine (CPN; Hh signaling antagonist) exhibited severe VC. Additionally, overexpression of Gli2 significantly reversed the pro-calcification effect of Shh silencing on VSMCs, suggesting that Shh inhibited VC via Gli2. Mechanistically, Gli2 interacted with Runx2 and promoted its ubiquitin proteasomal degradation, therefore protecting against VC. Of interest, the pro-degradation effect of Gli2 on Runx2 was independent of Smurf1 and Cullin4B. CONCLUSIONS Our study provided deeper insight to the pathogenesis of VC, and Shh might be a novel potential target for VC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoran Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianhua Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaomei Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ling Ma
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haiying Ma
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanqiu Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Shenyang Engineering Technology R&D Center of Cell Therapy Co. Ltd, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Yao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Bajeu IT, Niculescu AG, Scafa-Udriște A, Andronescu E. Intrastent Restenosis: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1715. [PMID: 38338993 PMCID: PMC10855438 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary objective of this paper is to delineate and elucidate the contemporary advancements, developments, and prevailing trajectories concerning intrastent restenosis (ISR). We aim to provide a thorough overview of the most recent developments in this area, covering various aspects such as pathophysiological insights, therapeutic approaches, and new strategies for tackling the complex challenges of ISR in modern clinical settings. The authors have undertaken a study to address a relatively new medical challenge, recognizing its significant impact on the morbidity and mortality of individuals with cardiovascular diseases. This effort is driven by the need to fully understand, analyze, and possibly improve the outcomes of this emerging medical issue within the cardiovascular disease field. We acknowledge its considerable clinical implications and the necessity for innovative methods to mitigate its effects on patient outcomes. Therefore, our emphasis was directed towards elucidating the principal facets of the condition's prevalence, expounding upon the foundational mechanisms underscoring conspicuous restenosis, and delineating the risk factors relevant in shaping the contemporary landscape of diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. This thorough examination aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the various dimensions of the condition, including epidemiological data, pathophysiological complexities, and clinical considerations critical for evaluating and enhancing current diagnostic and treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioan-Teodor Bajeu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu St., 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (I.-T.B.); (A.-G.N.); (E.A.)
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Calea Floreasca 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adelina-Gabriela Niculescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu St., 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (I.-T.B.); (A.-G.N.); (E.A.)
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest—ICUB, University of Bucharest, 90 Panduri Road, 050657 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Scafa-Udriște
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Calea Floreasca 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
- Department Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Eroii Sanitari Bvd. 8, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ecaterina Andronescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu St., 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (I.-T.B.); (A.-G.N.); (E.A.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov No. 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
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Andersson EM, Lindvall K, Wennberg P, Johansson H, Nordin S. From risk communication about asymptomatic atherosclerosis to cognitive and emotional reactions and lifestyle modification. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:47. [PMID: 38268015 PMCID: PMC10809670 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01467-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-adherence in the general population to preventive guidelines on cardiovascular disease calls for an interdisciplinary approach acknowledging psychological factors of relevance for risk communication and lifestyle modification. Evidence is building up regarding the advantage of sharing arterial imaging evidence of subclinical atherosclerosis with asymptomatic individuals, but there is limited understanding of how this relates to mechanisms of importance for behavioural change. Longitudinal studies on associations between patients' reactions and lifestyle modification are missing. The population-based randomized controlled trial VIPVIZA investigates the impact of pictorial information about subclinical atherosclerosis, added to traditional risk factor-based communication. The intervention includes a personalized, colour-coded and age-related risk communication strategy and a motivational conversation, and has been shown to reduce cardiovascular disease risk. METHODS In the present study we assessed cognitive and emotional reactions to the intervention, and how these reactions are associated to lifestyle modification. The participants' evaluation of the risk communication was assessed in the intervention group (n = 1749). Lifestyle modification was assessed with a lifestyle index based on physical activity, diet, smoking and alcohol consumption at baseline and after 3 years. Associations between cognitive and emotional response and lifestyle modification were tested with analyses of covariance in a subset of participants (n = 714-857). RESULTS The intervention increased understanding of personal CVD risk, the possibility to influence the risk, and how to influence the risk. Severity of atherosclerosis was associated with emotional reactions, but emotions of strong negative valence were uncommon. Cognitive response and emotional arousal evoked by the intervention were positively associated with lifestyle modification, whereas negative emotions in isolation were not. High level of cognitive response in combination with high level of emotional arousal was found to be most beneficial for lifestyle modification. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate the potential of communicating asymptomatic atherosclerosis with a pictorial, colour-coded and age-related strategy, also including a motivational conversation. Furthermore, the results show the importance of CVD risk communication evoking engagement, and that an interaction between cognitive and emotional reactions might be central for sustained lifestyle modification. Our results also indicate that, in an asymptomatic population, atherosclerosis screening may strengthen disease prevention and health promotion. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01849575. Registration date 08/05/2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin M Andersson
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, S-901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Kristina Lindvall
- Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Patrik Wennberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Helene Johansson
- Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Steven Nordin
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, S-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
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Stoicescu L, Crişan D, Morgovan C, Avram L, Ghibu S. Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: The Pathophysiological Mechanisms behind the Clinical Phenotypes and the Therapeutic Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:794. [PMID: 38255869 PMCID: PMC10815792 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is an increasingly frequent form and is estimated to be the dominant form of HF. On the other hand, HFpEF is a syndrome with systemic involvement, and it is characterized by multiple cardiac and extracardiac pathophysiological alterations. The increasing prevalence is currently reaching epidemic levels, thereby making HFpEF one of the greatest challenges facing cardiovascular medicine today. Compared to HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), the medical attitude in the case of HFpEF was a relaxed one towards the disease, despite the fact that it is much more complex, with many problems related to the identification of physiopathogenetic mechanisms and optimal methods of treatment. The current medical challenge is to develop effective therapeutic strategies, because patients suffering from HFpEF have symptoms and quality of life comparable to those with reduced ejection fraction, but the specific medication for HFrEF is ineffective in this situation; for this, we must first understand the pathological mechanisms in detail and correlate them with the clinical presentation. Another important aspect of HFpEF is the diversity of patients that can be identified under the umbrella of this syndrome. Thus, before being able to test and develop effective therapies, we must succeed in grouping patients into several categories, called phenotypes, depending on the pathological pathways and clinical features. This narrative review critiques issues related to the definition, etiology, clinical features, and pathophysiology of HFpEF. We tried to describe in as much detail as possible the clinical and biological phenotypes recognized in the literature in order to better understand the current therapeutic approach and the reason for the limited effectiveness. We have also highlighted possible pathological pathways that can be targeted by the latest research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurențiu Stoicescu
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.S.); or (D.C.); or (L.A.)
- Cardiology Department, Clinical Municipal Hospital, 400139 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dana Crişan
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.S.); or (D.C.); or (L.A.)
- Internal Medicine Department, Clinical Municipal Hospital, 400139 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Claudiu Morgovan
- Preclinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Lucreţia Avram
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.S.); or (D.C.); or (L.A.)
- Internal Medicine Department, Clinical Municipal Hospital, 400139 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Steliana Ghibu
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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Grazide MH, Ruidavets JB, Martinet W, Elbaz M, Vindis C. Plasma levels of autophagy regulator Rubicon are inversely associated with acute coronary syndrome. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 10:1279899. [PMID: 38250026 PMCID: PMC10796531 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1279899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The discovery of novel biomarkers that improve current cardiovascular risk prediction models of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is needed for the identification of very high-risk patients and therapeutic decision-making. Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic mechanism for intracellular degradation of cellular components through lysosomes. The autophagy process helps maintain cardiac homeostasis and dysregulated autophagy has been described in cardiovascular conditions. Rubicon (Run domain Beclin-1-interacting and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein) is a key regulator of autophagy with a potential role in cardiac stress. Objectives The aims of the present study were to assess whether changes in circulating Rubicon levels are associated with ACS and to evaluate the added value of Rubicon to a clinical predictive risk model. Methods and results The study population included ACS patients (n = 100) and control subjects (n = 99) at high to very high cardiovascular risk but without known coronary event. Plasma Rubicon levels were measured in the whole study population by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Multivariate logistic regression analyses established that Rubicon levels were inversely associated with ACS. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that the addition of Rubicon improved the predictive performance of the model with an increased area under the curve from 0.868 to 0.896 (p = 0.038). Conclusions Plasma levels of the autophagy regulator Rubicon are associated with ACS and provide added value to classical risk markers for ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Hélène Grazide
- Center for Clinical Investigation (CIC1436)/CARDIOMET, Rangueil University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Wim Martinet
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Meyer Elbaz
- Center for Clinical Investigation (CIC1436)/CARDIOMET, Rangueil University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- Department of Cardiology, Rangueil University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Cécile Vindis
- Center for Clinical Investigation (CIC1436)/CARDIOMET, Rangueil University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
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Hao QY, Yan J, Wei JT, Zeng YH, Feng LY, Que DD, Li SC, Guo JB, Fan Y, Ding YF, Zhang XL, Yang PZ, Gao JW, Li ZH. Prevotella copri promotes vascular calcification via lipopolysaccharide through activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2351532. [PMID: 38727248 PMCID: PMC11093026 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2351532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that alteration of gut microbiota plays an important role in chronic kidney disease (CKD)-related vascular calcification (VC). We aimed to investigate the specific gut microbiota and the underlying mechanism involved in CKD-VC. We identified an increased abundance of Prevotella copri (P. copri) in the feces of CKD rats (induced by using 5/6 nephrectomy followed by a high calcium and phosphate diet) with aortic calcification via amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. In patients with CKD, we further confirmed a positive correlation between abundance of P. copri and aortic calcification scores. Moreover, oral administration of live P. copri aggravated CKD-related VC and osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells in vivo, accompanied by intestinal destruction, enhanced expression of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), and elevated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels. In vitro and ex vivo experiments consistently demonstrated that P. copri-derived LPS (Pc-LPS) accelerated high phosphate-induced VC and VSMC osteogenic differentiation. Mechanistically, Pc-LPS bound to TLR4, then activated the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome signals during VC. Inhibition of NF-κB reduced NLRP3 inflammasome and attenuated Pc-LPS-induced VSMC calcification. Our study clarifies a novel role of P. copri in CKD-related VC, by the mechanisms involving increased inflammation-regulating metabolites including Pc-LPS, and activation of the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. These findings highlight P. copri and its-derived LPS as potential therapeutic targets for VC in CKD.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Humans
- Male
- Rats
- Feces/microbiology
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome
- Inflammasomes/metabolism
- Lipopolysaccharides/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/metabolism
- NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/genetics
- Osteogenesis/drug effects
- Prevotella/metabolism
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/microbiology
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/pathology
- Signal Transduction
- Toll-Like Receptor 4/metabolism
- Toll-Like Receptor 4/genetics
- Vascular Calcification/metabolism
- Vascular Calcification/microbiology
- Vascular Calcification/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Yun Hao
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Tao Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Dongguan Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yu-Hong Zeng
- Medical Apparatus and Equipment Deployment, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Yun Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Dong Que
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Chao Li
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Bin Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Dongguan Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yun-Fa Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiu-Li Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping-Zhen Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Wei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Hua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Vidović N, Knez M, Ranić M, Faid F, Jović D, Glibetic M, Takić M. Comparative assessment of erythrocyte sphingolipid levels as potential cardiovascular health markers in women from Libya and Serbia: a small-scale study. Libyan J Med 2023; 18:2264568. [PMID: 37804002 PMCID: PMC10561568 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2023.2264568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide including Libya, where they account for 43% of all deaths. Sphingolipids are involved in the pathology of numerous diseases including cardiovascular diseases and are proposed as potential biomarkers of cardiovascular health that could be more effective compared to traditional clinical biomarkers. The aim of this study was to determine the sphingolipid content in the erythrocyte membrane of Libyan migrant and Serbian resident women. In addition, to examine if sphingolipid levels could be used as a novel indicator of cardiovascular risk, we evaluated possible correlations with some well-established biomarkers of cardiovascular health.Materials and Methods: A total of 13 Libyan and 15 Serbian healthy women participated in the study. The high-performance version thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) using the image analysis tool JustTLC was applied for quantification of erythrocytes' sphingolipids.Results: Lower mean values of erythrocytes' sphingolipids and cholesterol concentrations were found in the group of Libyan emigrants compared to Serbian resident women. Besides, in this group of apparently healthy women (n = 28), the sphingolipid content of erythrocytes was inversely related to the Omega-3 index (r =-0.492, p = 0.008) and directly linked to vitamin D status (r = 0.433, p = 0.021) and membrane cholesterol levels (r = 0.474, p = 0.011).Conclusion: The erythrocytes' sphingolipid levels should be measured/assessed as an additional biomarker of CV health, by applying a simple and routine method. Still, further investigation in a larger population-specific context is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevena Vidović
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Knez
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Ranić
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Fathia Faid
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Nursing, Misurata University, Misrata, Libya
| | - Dragana Jović
- Center for Hygiene and Human Ecology, Institute of Public Health of Serbia "Dr Milan Jovanović Batut", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Glibetic
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Takić
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Wu WJ, Chen R, Guo R, Yan JJ, Zhang CK, Wang YQ, Yan HX, Zhang YQ. A novel method for assessing cardiac function in patients with coronary heart disease based on wrist pulse analysis. Ir J Med Sci 2023; 192:2697-2706. [PMID: 36961673 PMCID: PMC10692030 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-023-03341-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The timely assessment of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) marking chronic heart failure risk in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) helps to reduce patients' mortality. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the potential of wrist pulse signals for use in the cardiac monitoring of patients with CHD. METHODS A total of 419 patients with CHD were assigned to Group 1 (BNP < 95 pg/mL, n = 249), 2 (95 < BNP < 221 pg/mL, n = 85), and 3 (BNP > 221 pg/mL, n = 85) according to BNP levels. Wrist pulse signals were measured noninvasively. Both the time-domain method and multiscale entropy (MSE) method were used to extract pulse features. Decision tree (DT) and random forest (RF) algorithms were employed to construct models for classifying three groups, and the models' performance metrics were compared. RESULTS The pulse features of the three groups differed significantly, suggesting different pathological states of the cardiovascular system in patients with CHD. Moreover, the RF models outperformed the DT models in performance metrics. Furthermore, the optimal RF model was that based on a dataset comprising both time-domain and MSE features, achieving accuracy, average precision, average recall, and average F1-score of 90.900%, 91.048%, 90.900%, and 90.897%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The wrist pulse detection technology employed in this study is useful for assessing the cardiac function of patients with CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jie Wu
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jian-Jun Yan
- Institute of Intelligent Perception and Diagnosis, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Chun-Ke Zhang
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yi-Qin Wang
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hai-Xia Yan
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ye-Qing Zhang
- Department of Chinese Internal Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
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Zambrano AK, Cadena-Ullauri S, Guevara-Ramírez P, Paz-Cruz E, Tamayo-Trujillo R, Ruiz-Pozo VA, Doménech N, Ibarra-Rodríguez AA, Gaviria A. The Autosomal Short Tandem Repeat Polymorphisms Are Potentially Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Predisposition in the Latin American Population: A Mini Review. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:6152905. [PMID: 38027043 PMCID: PMC10651335 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6152905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide across nearly all ethnic groups. Inherited cardiac conditions comprise a wide spectrum of diseases that affect the heart, including abnormal structural features and functional impairments. In Latin America, CVDs are the leading cause of death within the region. Factors such as population aging, unhealthy diet, obesity, smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle have increased the risk of CVD. The Latin American population is characterized by its diverse ethnic composition with varying percentages of each ancestral component (African, European, and Native American ancestry). Short tandem repeats (STRs) are DNA sequences with 2-6 base pair repetitions and constitute ~3% of the human genome. Importantly, significant allele frequency variations exist between different populations. While studies have described that STRs are in noncoding regions of the DNA, increasing evidence suggests that simple sequence repeat variations may be critical for proper gene activity and regulation. Furthermore, several STRs have been identified as potential disease predisposition markers. The present review is aimed at comparing and describing the frequencies of autosomal STR polymorphisms potentially associated with cardiovascular disease predisposition in Latin America compared with other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Karina Zambrano
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Santiago Cadena-Ullauri
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Patricia Guevara-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Elius Paz-Cruz
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Rafael Tamayo-Trujillo
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Viviana A. Ruiz-Pozo
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Nieves Doménech
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC)-CIBERCV, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidad da Coruña (UDC), La Coruña, Spain
| | | | - Aníbal Gaviria
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Centros Médicos Especializados Cruz Roja Ecuatoriana, Quito, Ecuador
- Hemocentro Nacional, Cruz Roja Ecuatoriana, Quito, Ecuador
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Ramalle-Gómara E, Palacios-Castaño MI, Martínez-Ochoa E, Quiñones-Rubio C, Julian-Villaverde FJ, Marzo-Sola ME. Trends in stroke mortality in La Rioja (Spain) from 1999 to 2022. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2023; 32:107334. [PMID: 37677897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stroke mortality has declined in recent decades, but there appears to be a slowdown in the decline in recent years. We analyze the trends in stroke mortality in La Rioja (Spain) for the period 1999-2022. METHODS We evaluated stroke mortality using statistical data from the mortality registry of La Rioja (Spain). We adjusted the rates by age and sex and analyzed both overall strokes and subtypes: hemorrhagic and ischemic. To analyze the trend in mortality rates we constructed joinpoint regression models, with associated annual percentage change (APC) RESULTS: Age-standardized stroke mortality declined between 1999 and 2022: females from 98.0 to 29.2 per 100 000; males, from 131.6 to 44.8 per 100 000. We found a decrease in overall stroke mortality in all age groups, except those under 65 years old. Ischemic stroke mortality showed declines in the first decade (APC: 7.3%, CI95%: 4.1-19.1%) and increases in the second decade (APC: 1.6%, CI95%: -1.6-11.7%) among men. In women, the rates declined between 2018 and 2022(APC: -6.6%, CI95%: -5.1-30.6%) after an increase between 2015 and 2017 (APC: 23.5%, CI95%: -20.2-38.3%). For hemorrhagic stroke, we found a consistent rate of decline throughout the entire time period in men (APC: 2.4%, CI95%: 0.9 a 4.0%). In women, rates increased during the period 1999-2009(APC: 1.9%, CI95%: -2.1-22.8%) and decreased 2010-2022 (APC: 6.5%, CI95%: 4.0-25.6%). CONCLUSIONS Stroke mortality rates have decreased, more so for haemorrhagic than ischaemic strokes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Ramalle-Gómara
- Epidemiology and Health Promotion Department. La Rioja Regional Authority, 26071 Logroño, Spain.
| | | | - Eva Martínez-Ochoa
- Epidemiology and Health Promotion Department. La Rioja Regional Authority, 26071 Logroño, Spain.
| | - Carmen Quiñones-Rubio
- Epidemiology and Health Promotion Department. La Rioja Regional Authority, 26071 Logroño, Spain.
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47
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Mohanadas HP, Nair V, Doctor AA, Faudzi AAM, Tucker N, Ismail AF, Ramakrishna S, Saidin S, Jaganathan SK. A Systematic Analysis of Additive Manufacturing Techniques in the Bioengineering of In Vitro Cardiovascular Models. Ann Biomed Eng 2023; 51:2365-2383. [PMID: 37466879 PMCID: PMC10598155 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-023-03322-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Additive Manufacturing is noted for ease of product customization and short production run cost-effectiveness. As our global population approaches 8 billion, additive manufacturing has a future in maintaining and improving average human life expectancy for the same reasons that it has advantaged general manufacturing. In recent years, additive manufacturing has been applied to tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and drug delivery. Additive Manufacturing combined with tissue engineering and biocompatibility studies offers future opportunities for various complex cardiovascular implants and surgeries. This paper is a comprehensive overview of current technological advancements in additive manufacturing with potential for cardiovascular application. The current limitations and prospects of the technology for cardiovascular applications are explored and evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivek Nair
- Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Lab, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Texas Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76010, USA
| | | | - Ahmad Athif Mohd Faudzi
- Faculty of Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nick Tucker
- School of Engineering, College of Science, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Ahmad Fauzi Ismail
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Nanofibers & Nanotechnology Initiative, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Syafiqah Saidin
- IJNUTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Saravana Kumar Jaganathan
- Faculty of Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- School of Engineering, College of Science, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK.
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48
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Islam R, Ahmed M, Ullah W, Tahir YB, Gul S, Hussain N, Islam H, Anjum MU. Effect of Caffeine in Hypertension. Curr Probl Cardiol 2023; 48:101892. [PMID: 37394201 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN) is characterized by an elevated arterial blood pressure with no apparent symptom while proving to be a crucial risk factor for the other underlying disorders such as cardiac failure, atrial fibrillation, stroke and various others, steering to recurrent premature deaths worldwide if left untreated. There are innumerate factors responsible for causing HTN such as age factor, obesity, inheritance, physical inactivity, stress, and unhealthy diet whereas some therapeutics and pharmaceuticals may too trigger this condition notably caffeine. As caffeine is amongst the most widely consumed drinks worldwide and hence an ordeal to cease its use, accordingly this review article in-sighted to raise cognizance specifically towards the action of caffeine affiliated with HTN. Therefore, this review is focused on the risk factors and preventive measures associated with HTN, especially the role of caffeine in inducing HTN as to create social awareness regarding how the excessive habituated caffeine consumption may aggravate this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Islam
- Punjab Medical College, Faisalabad Pakistan.
| | | | | | | | - Shah Gul
- Loralai Medical College, Balochistan, Pakistan
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49
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Kavousi M, Bos MM, Barnes HJ, Lino Cardenas CL, Wong D, Lu H, Hodonsky CJ, Landsmeer LPL, Turner AW, Kho M, Hasbani NR, de Vries PS, Bowden DW, Chopade S, Deelen J, Benavente ED, Guo X, Hofer E, Hwang SJ, Lutz SM, Lyytikäinen LP, Slenders L, Smith AV, Stanislawski MA, van Setten J, Wong Q, Yanek LR, Becker DM, Beekman M, Budoff MJ, Feitosa MF, Finan C, Hilliard AT, Kardia SLR, Kovacic JC, Kral BG, Langefeld CD, Launer LJ, Malik S, Hoesein FAAM, Mokry M, Schmidt R, Smith JA, Taylor KD, Terry JG, van der Grond J, van Meurs J, Vliegenthart R, Xu J, Young KA, Zilhão NR, Zweiker R, Assimes TL, Becker LC, Bos D, Carr JJ, Cupples LA, de Kleijn DPV, de Winther M, den Ruijter HM, Fornage M, Freedman BI, Gudnason V, Hingorani AD, Hokanson JE, Ikram MA, Išgum I, Jacobs DR, Kähönen M, Lange LA, Lehtimäki T, Pasterkamp G, Raitakari OT, Schmidt H, Slagboom PE, Uitterlinden AG, Vernooij MW, Bis JC, Franceschini N, Psaty BM, Post WS, Rotter JI, Björkegren JLM, O'Donnell CJ, Bielak LF, Peyser PA, Malhotra R, van der Laan SW, Miller CL. Multi-ancestry genome-wide study identifies effector genes and druggable pathways for coronary artery calcification. Nat Genet 2023; 55:1651-1664. [PMID: 37770635 PMCID: PMC10601987 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01518-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Coronary artery calcification (CAC), a measure of subclinical atherosclerosis, predicts future symptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD). Identifying genetic risk factors for CAC may point to new therapeutic avenues for prevention. Currently, there are only four known risk loci for CAC identified from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in the general population. Here we conducted the largest multi-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis of CAC to date, which comprised 26,909 individuals of European ancestry and 8,867 individuals of African ancestry. We identified 11 independent risk loci, of which eight were new for CAC and five had not been reported for CAD. These new CAC loci are related to bone mineralization, phosphate catabolism and hormone metabolic pathways. Several new loci harbor candidate causal genes supported by multiple lines of functional evidence and are regulators of smooth muscle cell-mediated calcification ex vivo and in vitro. Together, these findings help refine the genetic architecture of CAC and extend our understanding of the biological and potential druggable pathways underlying CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Maxime M Bos
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanna J Barnes
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christian L Lino Cardenas
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Doris Wong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Haojie Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chani J Hodonsky
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Lennart P L Landsmeer
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Adam W Turner
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Minjung Kho
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Graduate School of Data Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Natalie R Hasbani
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul S de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sandesh Chopade
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health, University College London, London, UK
- University College London British Heart Foundation Research Accelerator Centre, London, UK
| | - Joris Deelen
- Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Aging, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ernest Diez Benavente
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Edith Hofer
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Sharon M Lutz
- Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Lotte Slenders
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Albert V Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Maggie A Stanislawski
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jessica van Setten
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Quenna Wong
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marian Beekman
- Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew J Budoff
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Department of Genetics, Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chris Finan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health, University College London, London, UK
- University College London British Heart Foundation Research Accelerator Centre, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jason C Kovacic
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, University of NSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Brian G Kral
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences and Data Science, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shaista Malik
- Susan Samueli Integrative Health Institute, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Michal Mokry
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - James G Terry
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jeroen van der Grond
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Joyce van Meurs
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rozemarijn Vliegenthart
- Department of Radiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jianzhao Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kendra A Young
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | - Robert Zweiker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Themistocles L Assimes
- VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lewis C Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel Bos
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Jeffrey Carr
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dominique P V de Kleijn
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Menno de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences: Atherosclerosis and Ischemic syndromes, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity: Inflammatory diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hester M den Ruijter
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Aroon D Hingorani
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health, University College London, London, UK
- University College London British Heart Foundation Research Accelerator Centre, London, UK
| | - John E Hokanson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ivana Išgum
- Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Gerard Pasterkamp
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center (for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Meike W Vernooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Departments of Epidemiology, and Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Wendy S Post
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Johan L M Björkegren
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rajeev Malhotra
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sander W van der Laan
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Clint L Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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50
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Lu CW, Wu WJ, Nguyen TKN, Shen SC, Wu YB, Liang HJ, Wu CH. Alleviating Effects of Ovatodiolide and Antcin K Supplements on High-Fat Diet-Induced Cardiovascular Dysfunction in ApoE-Knockout Mice by Attenuating Oxidative Stress. Nutrients 2023; 15:4074. [PMID: 37764856 PMCID: PMC10538160 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A high-fat diet (HFD) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Many pure compounds have been demonstrated to be effective in treating cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we investigated the alleviating effects of oral ovatodiolide and antcin K (OAK) supplements on HFD-induced cardiovascular dysfunction in apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-knockout mice. Cardiovascular dysfunction was induced in ApoE-knockout mice by feeding them an HFD for 12 weeks. The degree of cardiovascular dysfunction was assessed through echocardiography, hematological and biochemical analyses, and immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining. The HFD-fed mice exhibited cardiovascular dysfunction-abnormal blood biochemical index. The arterial wall tissue exhibited the marked deposition of lipids, upregulated expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and CD36 receptors, and downregulated expression of the ABCA1 receptor. Macrophages isolated from the peritoneal cavity of the mice exhibited increased levels of lipid accumulation, reactive oxygen species, and CD11b expression but reduced mitochondrial membrane potential. The expression of superoxide dismutase 2 was downregulated and that of tumor necrosis factor-α was upregulated in the myocardial tissue. Oral OAK supplements twice a day for 12 weeks significantly mitigated HFD-induced cardiovascular dysfunction in the experimental mice. Oral OAK supplements appear to be a promising strategy for treating HFD-induced cardiovascular dysfunction. The underlying mechanisms may involve the reduction of lipid accumulation in the artery and oxidative stress and inflammation in the cardiovascular tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Wen Lu
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City 11677, Taiwan; (C.-W.L.); (W.-J.W.); (T.K.N.N.); (S.-C.S.)
| | - Wen-Jhen Wu
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City 11677, Taiwan; (C.-W.L.); (W.-J.W.); (T.K.N.N.); (S.-C.S.)
| | - Thi Kim Ngan Nguyen
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City 11677, Taiwan; (C.-W.L.); (W.-J.W.); (T.K.N.N.); (S.-C.S.)
| | - Szu-Chuan Shen
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City 11677, Taiwan; (C.-W.L.); (W.-J.W.); (T.K.N.N.); (S.-C.S.)
| | - Yeh-B. Wu
- ARJIL Pharmaceuticals LLC, Hsinchu City 30013, Taiwan; (Y.-B.W.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Hui-Ju Liang
- ARJIL Pharmaceuticals LLC, Hsinchu City 30013, Taiwan; (Y.-B.W.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Chung-Hsin Wu
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City 11677, Taiwan; (C.-W.L.); (W.-J.W.); (T.K.N.N.); (S.-C.S.)
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