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Wang H, Zheng A, Thorley D, Arias EB, Cartee GD. Independent and combined effects of calorie restriction and AICAR on glucose uptake and insulin signaling in skeletal muscles from 24-month-old female and male rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2024; 49:614-625. [PMID: 38181403 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
We assessed the effects of two levels of calorie restriction (CR; eating either 15% or 35% less than ad libitum, AL, food intake for 8 weeks) by 24-month-old female and male rats on glucose uptake (GU) and phosphorylation of key signaling proteins (Akt; AMP-activated protein kinase, AMPK; Akt substrate of 160 kDa, AS160) measured in isolated skeletal muscles that underwent four incubation conditions (without either insulin or AICAR, an AMPK activator; with AICAR alone; with insulin alone; or with insulin and AICAR). Regardless of sex: (1) neither CR group versus the AL group had greater GU by insulin-stimulated muscles; (2) phosphorylation of Akt in insulin-stimulated muscles was increased in 35% CR versus AL rats; (3) prior AICAR treatment of muscle resulted in greater GU by insulin-stimulated muscles, regardless of diet; and (4) AICAR caused elevated phosphorylation of acetyl CoA carboxylase, an indicator of AMPK activation, in all diet groups. There was a sexually dimorphic diet effect on AS160 phosphorylation, with 35% CR exceeding AL for insulin-stimulated muscles in male rats, but not in female rats. Our working hypothesis is that the lack of a CR-effect on GU by insulin-stimulated muscles was related to the extended duration of the ex vivo incubation period (290 min compared to 40-50 min that was previously reported to be effective). The observed efficacy of prior treatment of muscles with AICAR to improve glucose uptake in insulin-stimulated muscles supports the strategy of targeting AMPK with the goal of improving insulin sensitivity in older females and males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Wang
- Muscle Biology LaboratorySchool of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Amy Zheng
- Muscle Biology LaboratorySchool of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Dominic Thorley
- Muscle Biology LaboratorySchool of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Edward B Arias
- Muscle Biology LaboratorySchool of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gregory D Cartee
- Muscle Biology LaboratorySchool of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Institute of Gerontology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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2
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Shao Y, Fu Z, Wang Y, Yang Z, Lin Y, Li S, Cheng C, Wei M, Liu Z, Xu G, Le W. A metabolome atlas of mouse brain on the global metabolic signature dynamics following short-term fasting. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:334. [PMID: 37679319 PMCID: PMC10484938 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01552-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) or a fasting regimen is considered one of the most potent non-pharmacological interventions to prevent chronic metabolic disorders, ameliorate autoimmune diseases, and attenuate aging. Despite efforts, the mechanisms by which CR improves health, particularly brain health, are still not fully understood. Metabolic homeostasis is vital for brain function, and a detailed metabolome atlas of the brain is essential for understanding the networks connecting different brain regions. Herein, we applied gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and lipidomics, covering 797 structurally annotated metabolites, to investigate the metabolome of seven brain regions in fasted (3, 6, 12, and 24 h) and ad libitum fed mice. Using multivariate and univariate statistical techniques, we generated a metabolome atlas of mouse brain on the global metabolic signature dynamics across multiple brain regions following short-term fasting (STF). Significant metabolic differences across brain regions along with STF-triggered region-dependent metabolic remodeling were identified. We found that STF elicited triacylglycerol degradation and lipolysis to compensate for energy demand under fasting conditions. Besides, changes in amino acid profiles were observed, which may play crucial roles in the regulation of energy metabolism, neurotransmitter signaling, and anti-inflammatory and antioxidant in response to STF. Additionally, this study reported, for the first time, that STF triggers a significant elevation of N-acylethanolamines, a class of neuroprotective lipids, in the brain and liver. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular basis and mechanisms of CR and offer a comprehensive resource for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Shao
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, 193 Lianhe Road, 116021, Dalian, China.
| | - Zhenfa Fu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, 193 Lianhe Road, 116021, Dalian, China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Zhaofei Yang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, 193 Lianhe Road, 116021, Dalian, China
| | - Yushan Lin
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, 193 Lianhe Road, 116021, Dalian, China
| | - Song Li
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, 193 Lianhe Road, 116021, Dalian, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, 193 Lianhe Road, 116021, Dalian, China
| | - Min Wei
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, 193 Lianhe Road, 116021, Dalian, China
| | - Zheyi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Guowang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, 116023, Dalian, China.
| | - Weidong Le
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, 193 Lianhe Road, 116021, Dalian, China.
- Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science-Sichuan Provincial Hospital, Medical School of UESTC, 611731, Chengdu, China.
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Abstract
Research conducted in the past 15 years has yielded crucial insights that are reshaping our understanding of the systems physiology of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism and the molecular mechanisms underlying the close relationship between BCAA homeostasis and cardiovascular health. The rapidly evolving literature paints a complex picture, in which numerous tissue-specific and disease-specific modes of BCAA regulation initiate a diverse set of molecular mechanisms that connect changes in BCAA homeostasis to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction, ischaemia-reperfusion injury, atherosclerosis, hypertension and heart failure. In this Review, we outline the current understanding of the major factors regulating BCAA abundance and metabolic fate, highlight molecular mechanisms connecting impaired BCAA homeostasis to cardiovascular disease, discuss the epidemiological evidence connecting BCAAs with various cardiovascular disease states and identify current knowledge gaps requiring further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W McGarrah
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Phillip J White
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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4
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Chatelaine HA, Ramazani CA, Spencer K, Olivo‐Marston S, Bailey MT, McElroy J, Hatzakis E, Mathé EA, Kopec RE. Dietary Energy Intake and Presence of Aberrant Crypt Foci Are Associated with Phospholipid, Purine, and Taurine Metabolite Abundances in C57BL/6N Mouse Colon. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2200180. [PMID: 35969485 PMCID: PMC9787839 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Colon metabolomes associated with high-fat (H) versus energy-restricted (E) diets in early colorectal cancer (CRC) models have never been directly compared. The objectives of this study are to elucidate metabolites associated with diet, aberrant crypt foci (ACF), and diet:ACF interaction, using a lifetime murine model. METHODS AND RESULTS Three-week-old mice consumed control (C), E, or H initiation diets for 18 weeks. ACF formation is initiated weeks 16-21 with azoxymethane injections, followed by progression diet crossover (to C, E, or H) through week 60. Colon extracts are analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). Metabolites associated with diet, ACF, or diet:ACF are determined using regression models (FDR-adjusted p-value <0.05). No metabolites are significantly associated with initiation diets, but concentrations of acylcarnitines and phospholipids are associated with C, E, and H progression diets. Purines, taurine, and phospholipids are associated with ACF presence. No significant associations between metabolites and diet:ACF interaction are observed. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that recent, rather than early-life, diet is more closely associated with the colon metabolome, particularly lipid metabolism. Results from this study also provide candidate biomarkers of early CRC development and provide support for the importance of early diet on influencing pre-CRC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley A. Chatelaine
- OSU Interdisciplinary Nutrition PhD Program (OSUN)Department of Human SciencesThe Ohio State University1787 Neil AveColumbusOH43210United States,Division of Preclinical Innovation Informatics CoreNational Center for Advancing Translational Sciences9800 Medical Center DriveRockvilleMD20850USA
| | - Cynthia A. Ramazani
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA,Big Data for Indiana State UniversityIndiana State UniversityTerre HauteIN47807USA
| | - Kyle Spencer
- Division of Preclinical Innovation Informatics CoreNational Center for Advancing Translational Sciences9800 Medical Center DriveRockvilleMD20850USA,Department of Biomedical InformaticsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA,Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOH43205USA
| | - Susan Olivo‐Marston
- Division of EpidemiologyCollege of Public HealthThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA,Southern Illinois University School of MedicineSpringfieldIL62794USA
| | - Michael T. Bailey
- Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOH43205USA,Department of PediatricsThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOH43210USA,Center for Microbial PathogenesisNationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOH43205USA,Oral and GI Research Affinity GroupNationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOH43205USA
| | - Joseph McElroy
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Emmanuel Hatzakis
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA,Foods for Health Discovery ThemeThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Ewy A. Mathé
- Division of Preclinical Innovation Informatics CoreNational Center for Advancing Translational Sciences9800 Medical Center DriveRockvilleMD20850USA,Department of Biomedical InformaticsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA,Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA,Translational Data Analytics InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Rachel E. Kopec
- OSU Interdisciplinary Nutrition PhD Program (OSUN)Department of Human SciencesThe Ohio State University1787 Neil AveColumbusOH43210United States,Foods for Health Discovery ThemeThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
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5
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Zhang Y, Ding Z, Xie J. Metabolic Effects of Violet Light on Spoilage Bacteria from Fresh-Cut Pakchoi during Postharvest Stage. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:267. [PMID: 35161246 PMCID: PMC8840685 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pakchoi (Brassica rapa L. Chinensis) is an important vegetable in Asia. Pseudomonas palleroniana is one of the specific spoilage organisms (SSOs) of fresh-cut pakchoi. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes to the endogenous metabolic spectrum of violet light (405 nm) with regard to food spoilage bacteria from fresh-cut pakchoi using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. In this study, P. palleroniana samples were treated with violet light at 4 °C, and the maximum dose was 133.63 J/cm2. The results revealed that 153 metabolites and 83 pathways significantly changed compared to the control group, which indicated that light treatment may lead to ROS accumulation in cells, inducing oxidative stress and the excessive consumption of ATP. However, the increased content of aromatic amino acids and the decreased anabolism of some amino acids and nucleotides might be a form of self-protection by reducing energy consumption, thus contributing to the improvement of the tolerance of cells to illumination. These results provide new insights into the antibacterial mechanism of P. palleroniana with regard to metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.D.)
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhaoyang Ding
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.D.)
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jing Xie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.D.)
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Shanghai Professional Technology Service Platform on Cold Chain Equipment Performance and Energy Saving Evaluation, Shanghai 201306, China
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6
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Pak HH, Haws SA, Green CL, Koller M, Lavarias MT, Richardson NE, Yang SE, Dumas SN, Sonsalla M, Bray L, Johnson M, Barnes S, Darley-Usmar V, Zhang J, Yen CLE, Denu JM, Lamming DW. Fasting drives the metabolic, molecular and geroprotective effects of a calorie-restricted diet in mice. Nat Metab 2021; 3:1327-1341. [PMID: 34663973 PMCID: PMC8544824 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00466-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) promotes healthy ageing in diverse species. Recently, it has been shown that fasting for a portion of each day has metabolic benefits and promotes lifespan. These findings complicate the interpretation of rodent CR studies, in which animals typically eat only once per day and rapidly consume their food, which collaterally imposes fasting. Here we show that a prolonged fast is necessary for key metabolic, molecular and geroprotective effects of a CR diet. Using a series of feeding regimens, we dissect the effects of calories and fasting, and proceed to demonstrate that fasting alone recapitulates many of the physiological and molecular effects of CR. Our results shed new light on how both when and how much we eat regulate metabolic health and longevity, and demonstrate that daily prolonged fasting, and not solely reduced caloric intake, is likely responsible for the metabolic and geroprotective benefits of a CR diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi H Pak
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Spencer A Haws
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Cara L Green
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mikaela Koller
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mitchell T Lavarias
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nicole E Richardson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Shany E Yang
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sabrina N Dumas
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michelle Sonsalla
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Lindsey Bray
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michelle Johnson
- Nathan Shock Center of Excellence in the Basic Biology of Aging, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Stephen Barnes
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Victor Darley-Usmar
- Nathan Shock Center of Excellence in the Basic Biology of Aging, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Nathan Shock Center of Excellence in the Basic Biology of Aging, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Chi-Liang Eric Yen
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - John M Denu
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Dudley W Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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7
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Green CL, Mitchell SE, Derous D, García-Flores LA, Wang Y, Chen L, Han JDJ, Promislow DEL, Lusseau D, Douglas A, Speakman JR. The Effects of Graded Levels of Calorie Restriction: XVI. Metabolomic Changes in the Cerebellum Indicate Activation of Hypothalamocerebellar Connections Driven by Hunger Responses. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:601-610. [PMID: 33053185 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) remains the most robust intervention to extend life span and improve healthspan. Though the cerebellum is more commonly associated with motor control, it has strong links with the hypothalamus and is thought to be associated with nutritional regulation and adiposity. Using a global mass spectrometry-based metabolomics approach, we identified 756 metabolites that were significantly differentially expressed in the cerebellar region of the brain of C57BL/6J mice, fed graded levels of CR (10, 20, 30, and 40 CR) compared to mice fed ad libitum for 12 hours a day. Pathway enrichment indicated changes in the pathways of adenosine and guanine (which are precursors of DNA production), aromatic amino acids (tyrosine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan) and the sulfur-containing amino acid methionine. We also saw increases in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycle, electron donor, and dopamine and histamine pathways. In particular, changes in l-histidine and homocarnosine correlated positively with the level of CR and food anticipatory activity and negatively with insulin and body temperature. Several metabolic and pathway changes acted against changes seen in age-associated neurodegenerative disorders, including increases in the TCA cycle and reduced l-proline. Carnitine metabolites contributed to discrimination between CR groups, which corroborates previous work in the liver and plasma. These results indicate the conservation of certain aspects of metabolism across tissues with CR. Moreover, this is the first study to indicate CR alters the cerebellar metabolome, and does so in a graded fashion, after only a short period of restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara L Green
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, UK
| | - Sharon E Mitchell
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, UK
| | - Davina Derous
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, UK
| | - Libia A García-Flores
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingchun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luonan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Jing-Dong J Han
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Daniel E L Promislow
- Department of Pathology and Department of Biology, University of Washington at Seattle
| | - David Lusseau
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, UK
| | - Alex Douglas
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, UK
| | - John R Speakman
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, UK.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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8
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García-Flores LA, Green CL, Mitchell SE, Promislow DEL, Lusseau D, Douglas A, Speakman JR. The effects of graded calorie restriction XVII: Multitissue metabolomics reveals synthesis of carnitine and NAD, and tRNA charging as key pathways. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2101977118. [PMID: 34330829 PMCID: PMC8346868 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2101977118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolutionary context of why caloric restriction (CR) activates physiological mechanisms that slow the process of aging remains unclear. The main goal of this analysis was to identify, using metabolomics, the common pathways that are modulated across multiple tissues (brown adipose tissue, liver, plasma, and brain) to evaluate two alternative evolutionary models: the "disposable soma" and "clean cupboards" ideas. Across the four tissues, we identified more than 10,000 different metabolic features. CR altered the metabolome in a graded fashion. More restriction led to more changes. Most changes, however, were tissue specific, and in some cases, metabolites changed in opposite directions in different tissues. Only 38 common metabolic features responded to restriction in the same way across all four tissues. Fifty percent of the common altered metabolites were carboxylic acids and derivatives, as well as lipids and lipid-like molecules. The top five modulated canonical pathways were l-carnitine biosynthesis, NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) biosynthesis from 2-amino-3-carboxymuconate semialdehyde, S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine degradation II, NAD biosynthesis II (from tryptophan), and transfer RNA (tRNA) charging. Although some pathways were modulated in common across tissues, none of these reflected somatic protection, and each tissue invoked its own idiosyncratic modulation of pathways to cope with the reduction in incoming energy. Consequently, this study provides greater support for the clean cupboards hypothesis than the disposable soma interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libia Alejandra García-Flores
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Cara L Green
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB39 2PN, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon E Mitchell
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB39 2PN, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel E L Promislow
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - David Lusseau
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB39 2PN, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Douglas
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB39 2PN, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - John R Speakman
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang, Beijing 100101, China;
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB39 2PN, Scotland, United Kingdom
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Center of Excellence for Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
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9
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Jhanji M, Rao CN, Sajish M. Towards resolving the enigma of the dichotomy of resveratrol: cis- and trans-resveratrol have opposite effects on TyrRS-regulated PARP1 activation. GeroScience 2021; 43:1171-1200. [PMID: 33244652 PMCID: PMC7690980 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00295-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike widely perceived, resveratrol (RSV) decreased the average lifespan and extended only the replicative lifespan in yeast. Similarly, although not widely discussed, RSV is also known to evoke neurite degeneration, kidney toxicity, atherosclerosis, premature senescence, and genotoxicity through yet unknown mechanisms. Nevertheless, in vivo animal models of diseases and human clinical trials demonstrate inconsistent protective and beneficial effects. Therefore, the mechanism of action of RSV that elicits beneficial effects remains an enigma. In a previously published work, we demonstrated structural similarities between RSV and tyrosine amino acid. RSV acts as a tyrosine antagonist and competes with it to bind to human tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS). Interestingly, although both isomers of RSV bind to TyrRS, only the cis-isomer evokes a unique structural change at the active site to promote its interaction with poly-ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1), a major determinant of cellular NAD+-dependent stress response. However, retention of trans-RSV in the active site of TyrRS mimics its tyrosine-bound conformation that inhibits the auto-poly-ADP-ribos(PAR)ylation of PARP1. Therefore, we proposed that cis-RSV-induced TyrRS-regulated auto-PARylation of PARP1 would contribute, at least in part, to the reported health benefits of RSV through the induction of protective stress response. This observation suggested that trans-RSV would inhibit TyrRS/PARP1-mediated protective stress response and would instead elicit an opposite effect compared to cis-RSV. Interestingly, most recent studies also confirmed the conversion of trans-RSV and its metabolites to cis-RSV in the physiological context. Therefore, the finding that cis-RSV and trans-RSV induce two distinct conformations of TyrRS with opposite effects on the auto-PARylation of PARP1 provides a potential molecular basis for the observed dichotomic effects of RSV under different experimental paradigms. However, the fact that natural RSV exists as a diastereomeric mixture of its cis and trans isomers and cis-RSV is also a physiologically relevant isoform has not yet gained much scientific attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Jhanji
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Chintada Nageswara Rao
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Mathew Sajish
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
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10
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Moro J, Khodorova N, Tomé D, Gaudichon C, Tardivel C, Berton T, Martin JC, Azzout-Marniche D, Jouan-Rimbaud Bouveresse D. Plasma and Urinary Amino Acid-Derived Catabolites as Potential Biomarkers of Protein and Amino Acid Deficiency in Rats. Nutrients 2021; 13:1567. [PMID: 34066958 PMCID: PMC8148556 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dietary intakes must cover protein and essential amino acid (EAA) requirements. For this purpose, different methods have been developed such as the nitrogen balance method, factorial method, or AA tracer studies. However, these methods are either invasive or imprecise, and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO, 2013) recommends new methods and, in particular, metabolomics. The aim of this study is to determine total protein/EAA requirement in the plasma and urine of growing rats. METHODS 36 weanling rats were fed with diets containing 3, 5, 8, 12, 15, and 20% protein for 3 weeks. During experimentation, urine was collected using metabolic cages, and blood from the portal vein and vena was taken at the end of the experiment. Metabolomics analyses were performed using LC-MS, and the data were analyzed with a multivariate analysis model, partial least Squares (PLS) regression, and independent component-discriminant analysis (ICDA). Each discriminant metabolite identified by PLS or ICDA was tested by one-way ANOVA to evaluate the effect of diet. RESULTS PLS and ICDA allowed us to identify discriminating metabolites between different diet groups. Protein deficiency led to an increase in the AA catabolism enzyme systems inducing the production of breakdown metabolites in the plasma and urine. CONCLUSION These results indicate that metabolites are specific for the state of EAA deficiency and sufficiency. Some types of biomarkers such as AA degradation metabolites appear to be specific candidates for protein/EAA requirement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Moro
- UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 75005 Paris, France; (J.M.); (N.K.); (D.T.); (C.G.); (D.J.-R.B.)
| | - Nadezda Khodorova
- UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 75005 Paris, France; (J.M.); (N.K.); (D.T.); (C.G.); (D.J.-R.B.)
| | - Daniel Tomé
- UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 75005 Paris, France; (J.M.); (N.K.); (D.T.); (C.G.); (D.J.-R.B.)
| | - Claire Gaudichon
- UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 75005 Paris, France; (J.M.); (N.K.); (D.T.); (C.G.); (D.J.-R.B.)
| | - Catherine Tardivel
- UMR C2VN, Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, INRAE, 13385 Marseille, France; (C.T.); (T.B.); (J.-C.M.)
| | - Thierry Berton
- UMR C2VN, Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, INRAE, 13385 Marseille, France; (C.T.); (T.B.); (J.-C.M.)
| | - Jean-Charles Martin
- UMR C2VN, Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, INRAE, 13385 Marseille, France; (C.T.); (T.B.); (J.-C.M.)
| | - Dalila Azzout-Marniche
- UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 75005 Paris, France; (J.M.); (N.K.); (D.T.); (C.G.); (D.J.-R.B.)
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11
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Shi Z, Zhu JX, Guo YM, Niu M, Zhang L, Tu C, Huang Y, Li PY, Zhao X, Zhang ZT, Bai ZF, Zhang GQ, Lu Y, Xiao XH, Wang JB. Epigallocatechin Gallate During Dietary Restriction - Potential Mechanisms of Enhanced Liver Injury. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:609378. [PMID: 33584288 PMCID: PMC7878556 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.609378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Green tea extract (GTE) is popular in weight loss, and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is considered as the main active component. However, GTE is the primary cause of herbal and dietary supplement-induced liver injury in the United States. Whether there is a greater risk of liver injury when EGCG is consumed during dieting for weight loss has not been previously reported. This study found for the first time that EGCG could induce enhanced lipid metabolism pathways, suggesting that EGCG had the so-called “fat burning” effect, although EGCG did not cause liver injury at doses of 400 or 800 mg/kg in normal mice. Intriguingly, we found that EGCG caused dose-dependent hepatotoxicity on mice under dietary restriction, suggesting the potential combination effects of dietary restriction and EGCG. The combination effect between EGCG and dietary restriction led to overactivation of linoleic acid and arachidonic acid oxidation pathways, significantly increasing the accumulation of pro-inflammatory lipid metabolites and thus mediating liver injury. We also found that the disruption of Lands’ cycle and sphingomyelin-ceramides cycle and the high expression of taurine-conjugated bile acids were important metabolomic characteristics in EGCG-induced liver injury under dietary restriction. This original discovery suggests that people should not go on a diet while consuming EGCG for weight loss; otherwise the risk of liver injury will be significantly increased. This discovery provides new evidence for understanding the “drug-host” interaction hypothesis of drug hepatotoxicity and provides experimental reference for clinical safe use of green tea-related dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Shi
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Xiao Zhu
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yu-Ming Guo
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Niu
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Le Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Can Tu
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Huang
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Peng-Yan Li
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Teng Zhang
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao-Fang Bai
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Qin Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Lu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-He Xiao
- Integrative Medical Center, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Bo Wang
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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12
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Aon MA, Bernier M, Mitchell SJ, Di Germanio C, Mattison JA, Ehrlich MR, Colman RJ, Anderson RM, de Cabo R. Untangling Determinants of Enhanced Health and Lifespan through a Multi-omics Approach in Mice. Cell Metab 2020; 32:100-116.e4. [PMID: 32413334 PMCID: PMC8214079 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The impact of chronic caloric restriction (CR) on health and survival is complex with poorly understood underlying molecular mechanisms. A recent study in mice addressing the diets used in nonhuman primate CR studies found that while diet composition did not impact longevity, fasting time and total calorie intake were determinant for increased survival. Here, integrated analysis of physiological and multi-omics data from ad libitum, meal-fed, or CR animals was used to gain insight into pathways associated with improved health and survival. We identified a potential involvement of the glycine-serine-threonine metabolic axis in longevity and related molecular mechanisms. Direct comparison of the different feeding strategies unveiled a pattern of shared pathways of improved health that included short-chain fatty acids and essential PUFA metabolism. These findings were recapitulated in the serum metabolome from nonhuman primates. We propose that the pathways identified might be targeted for their potential role in healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Aon
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Laboratory of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Michel Bernier
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Sarah J Mitchell
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Clara Di Germanio
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Julie A Mattison
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Margaux R Ehrlich
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Ricki J Colman
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Rozalyn M Anderson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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13
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Green CL, Mitchell SE, Derous D, Wang Y, Chen L, Han JDJ, Promislow DEL, Lusseau D, Douglas A, Speakman JR. The Effects of Graded Levels of Calorie Restriction: XIV. Global Metabolomics Screen Reveals Brown Adipose Tissue Changes in Amino Acids, Catecholamines, and Antioxidants After Short-Term Restriction in C57BL/6 Mice. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2020; 75:218-229. [PMID: 31220223 PMCID: PMC7530471 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glz023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals undergoing calorie restriction (CR) often lower their body temperature to conserve energy. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is stimulated through norepinephrine when rapid heat production is needed, as it is highly metabolically active due to the uncoupling of the electron transport chain from ATP synthesis. To better understand how BAT metabolism changes with CR, we used metabolomics to identify 883 metabolites that were significantly differentially expressed in the BAT of C57BL/6 mice, fed graded CR (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% CR relative to their individual baseline intake), compared with mice fed ad libitum (AL) for 12 hours a day. Pathway analysis revealed that graded CR had an impact on the TCA cycle and fatty acid degradation. In addition, an increase in nucleic acids and catecholamine pathways was seen with graded CR in the BAT metabolome. We saw increases in antioxidants with CR, suggesting a beneficial effect of mitochondrial uncoupling. Importantly, the instigator of BAT activation, norepinephrine, was increased with CR, whereas its precursors l-tyrosine and dopamine were decreased, indicating a shift of metabolites through the activation pathway. Several of these key changes were correlated with food anticipatory activity and body temperature, indicating BAT activation may be driven by responses to hunger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara L Green
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Sharon E Mitchell
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Davina Derous
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Yingchun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Luonan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, China
| | - Jing-Dong J Han
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Daniel E L Promislow
- Department of Pathology and Department of Biology, University of Washington at Seattle
| | - David Lusseau
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Alex Douglas
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - John R Speakman
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
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