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Olbrich M, Hartmann AM, Künzel S, Aherrahrou Z, Schilf P, Baines JF, Ibrahim SM, Hirose M. Mitochondrial DNA variants and microbiota: An experimental strategy to identify novel therapeutic potential in chronic inflammatory diseases. Pharmacol Res 2024; 205:107231. [PMID: 38815878 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that mice carrying natural mtDNA variants of the FVB/NJ strain (m.7778 G>T in the mt-Atp8 gene in mitochondrial complex V), namely C57BL/6 J-mtFVB/NJ (B6-mtFVB), exhibited (i) partial protection from experimental skin inflammatory diseases in an anti-murine type VII collagen antibody-induced skin inflammation model and psoriasiform dermatitis model; (ii) significantly altered metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids, according to targeted metabolomics of liver, skin and lymph node samples; and (iii) a differential composition of the gut microbiota according to bacterial 16 S rRNA gene sequencing of stool samples compared to wild-type C57BL/6 J (B6) mice. To further dissect these disease-contributing factors, we induced an experimental antibody-induced skin inflammatory disease in gnotobiotic mice. We performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing of caecum contents and untargeted metabolomics of liver, CD4+ T cell, and caecum content samples from conventional B6-mtFVB and B6 mice. We identified D-glucosamine as a candidate mediator that ameliorated disease severity in experimental antibody-induced skin inflammation by modulating immune cell function in T cells, neutrophils and macrophages. Because mice carrying mtDNA variants of the FVB/NJ strain show differential disease susceptibility to a wide range of experimental diseases, including diet-induced atherosclerosis in low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice and collagen antibody-induced arthritis in DBA/1 J mice, this experimental approach is valuable for identifying novel therapeutic options for skin inflammatory conditions and other chronic inflammatory diseases to which mice carrying specific mtDNA variants show differential susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Olbrich
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; University Heart Centre Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Sven Künzel
- Max Plank Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany; University Heart Centre Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Zouhair Aherrahrou
- Institute of Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg / Kiel / Lübeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Paul Schilf
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - John F Baines
- Max Plank Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany; University Heart Centre Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrecht University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Saleh M Ibrahim
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; University Heart Centre Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Misa Hirose
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Lübeck Institute of Neurobiology, University of Lübeck, Germany.
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Chen L, Zhou M, Li H, Liu D, Liao P, Zong Y, Zhang C, Zou W, Gao J. Mitochondrial heterogeneity in diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:311. [PMID: 37607925 PMCID: PMC10444818 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01546-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
As key organelles involved in cellular metabolism, mitochondria frequently undergo adaptive changes in morphology, components and functions in response to various environmental stresses and cellular demands. Previous studies of mitochondria research have gradually evolved, from focusing on morphological change analysis to systematic multiomics, thereby revealing the mitochondrial variation between cells or within the mitochondrial population within a single cell. The phenomenon of mitochondrial variation features is defined as mitochondrial heterogeneity. Moreover, mitochondrial heterogeneity has been reported to influence a variety of physiological processes, including tissue homeostasis, tissue repair, immunoregulation, and tumor progression. Here, we comprehensively review the mitochondrial heterogeneity in different tissues under pathological states, involving variant features of mitochondrial DNA, RNA, protein and lipid components. Then, the mechanisms that contribute to mitochondrial heterogeneity are also summarized, such as the mutation of the mitochondrial genome and the import of mitochondrial proteins that result in the heterogeneity of mitochondrial DNA and protein components. Additionally, multiple perspectives are investigated to better comprehend the mysteries of mitochondrial heterogeneity between cells. Finally, we summarize the prospective mitochondrial heterogeneity-targeting therapies in terms of alleviating mitochondrial oxidative damage, reducing mitochondrial carbon stress and enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis to relieve various pathological conditions. The possibility of recent technological advances in targeted mitochondrial gene editing is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Mengnan Zhou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Delin Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Peng Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yao Zong
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Weiguo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Junjie Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Fujian, No. 16, Luoshan Section, Jinguang Road, Luoshan Street, Jinjiang City, Quanzhou, Fujian, China.
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Accapezzato D, Caccavale R, Paroli MP, Gioia C, Nguyen BL, Spadea L, Paroli M. Advances in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076578. [PMID: 37047548 PMCID: PMC10095030 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a genetically predisposed, female-predominant disease, characterized by multiple organ damage, that in its most severe forms can be life-threatening. The pathogenesis of SLE is complex and involves cells of both innate and adaptive immunity. The distinguishing feature of SLE is the production of autoantibodies, with the formation of immune complexes that precipitate at the vascular level, causing organ damage. Although progress in understanding the pathogenesis of SLE has been slower than in other rheumatic diseases, new knowledge has recently led to the development of effective targeted therapies, that hold out hope for personalized therapy. However, the new drugs available to date are still an adjunct to conventional therapy, which is known to be toxic in the short and long term. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of the disease and discuss the results obtained from the use of new targeted drugs, with a look at future therapies that may be used in the absence of the current standard of care or may even cure this serious systemic autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Accapezzato
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Rosalba Caccavale
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Paroli
- Eye Clinic, Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Gioia
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Bich Lien Nguyen
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Spadea
- Post Graduate School of Public Health, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Marino Paroli
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Al-Ghamdi BA, Al-Shamrani JM, El-Shehawi AM, Al-Johani I, Al-Otaibi BG. Role of mitochondrial DNA in diabetes Mellitus Type I and Type II. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:103434. [PMID: 36187456 PMCID: PMC9523097 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Morbidity and mortality from diabetes mellitus and associated illnesses is a major problem across the globe. Anti-diabetic medicines must be improved despite existing breakthroughs in treatment approaches. Diabetes has been linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. As a result, particular mitochondrial diabetes kinds like MIDD (maternally inherited diabetes & deafness) and DAD (diabetic autonomic dysfunction) have been identified and studied (diabetes and Deafness). Some mutations as in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), that encodes for a significant portion of mitochondrial proteins as well as mitochondrial tRNA essential for mitochondrial protein biosynthesis, are responsible for hereditary mitochondrial diseases. Tissue-specificity and heteroplasmy have a role in the harmful phenotype of mtDNA mutations, making it difficult to generalise findings from one study to another. There are a huge increase in the number for mtDNA mutations related with human illnesses that have been identified using current sequencing technologies. In this study, we make a list on mtDNA mutations linked with diseases and diabetic illnesses and explore the methods by which they contribute to the pathology's emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandar Ali Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biotechnology, Taif University, Taif City, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Intisar Al-Johani
- Department of Biotechnology, Taif University, Taif City, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Chen PM, Tsokos GC. Mitochondria in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2022; 24:88-95. [PMID: 35290598 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-022-01063-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by autoantibody production and inflammation in multiple organs. In this article, we present data on how various mitochondria pathologies are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease including the fact that they serve as a reservoir of autoantigens which contribute to the upending of lymphocyte tolerance. RECENT FINDINGS Mitochondrial DNA from various cell sources, including neutrophil extracellular traps, platelets, and red blood cells, elicits the production of type I interferon which contributes to breaking of peripheral tolerance. Mitochondrial DNA also serves as autoantigen targeted by autoantibodies. Mutations of mitochondrial DNA triggered by reactive oxygen species induce T cell cross-reactivity against self-antigens. Selective gene polymorphisms that regulate mitochondrial apoptosis in autoreactive B and T cells represent another key aspect in the induction of autoimmunity. Various mitochondrial abnormalities, including changes in mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, genetic polymorphism, mitochondrial DNA mutations, and apoptosis pathways, are each linked to different aspects of lupus pathogenesis. However, whether targeting these mitochondrial pathologies can be used to harness autoimmunity remains to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Min Chen
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - George C Tsokos
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Kneiber D, Kowalski EH, Amber KT. The Immunogenetics of Autoimmune Blistering Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1367:173-212. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-92616-8_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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The Role of Mitochondrial Mutations and Chronic Inflammation in Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136733. [PMID: 34201756 PMCID: PMC8268113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus and related disorders significantly contribute to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite the advances in the current therapeutic methods, further development of anti-diabetic therapies is necessary. Mitochondrial dysfunction is known to be implicated in diabetes development. Moreover, specific types of mitochondrial diabetes have been discovered, such as MIDD (maternally inherited diabetes and deafness) and DAD (diabetes and Deafness). Hereditary mitochondrial disorders are caused by certain mutations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which encodes for a substantial part of mitochondrial proteins and mitochondrial tRNA necessary for mitochondrial protein synthesis. Study of mtDNA mutations is challenging because the pathogenic phenotype associated with such mutations depends on the level of its heteroplasmy (proportion of mtDNA copies carrying the mutation) and can be tissue-specific. Nevertheless, modern sequencing methods have allowed describing and characterizing a number of mtDNA mutations associated with human disorders, and the list is constantly growing. In this review, we provide a list of mtDNA mutations associated with diabetes and related disorders and discuss the mechanisms of their involvement in the pathology development.
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Zhang J, Wang G. Genetic predisposition to bullous pemphigoid. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 100:86-91. [PMID: 33129650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a common autoimmune blistering skin disease that mainly affects elderly patients. Although BP risk is strongly influenced by age, genetic factors are also important determinants of this disease. Many genomic regions, especially in the HLA-II region, have been found to influence BP susceptibility through targeted sequencing studies. However, the relationship between non-HLA regions and BP susceptibility remains poorly understood and the identification of functional variants and key genes within these association regions remains a major challenge. In this review, we summarize the genetic predisposition to BP through an overview of the research history in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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9
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Du J, Yu S, Wang D, Chen S, Chen S, Zheng Y, Wang N, Chen S, Li J, Shen B. Germline and somatic mtDNA mutation spectrum of rheumatoid arthritis patients in the Taizhou area, China. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2020; 59:2982-2991. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveReactive oxygen species are believed to be involved in the onset of RA, and the association between nuclear-encoded mitochondrial respiratory chain-related variants and RA has recently been revealed. However, little is known about the landscape of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants in RA.MethodsNext-generation sequencing was conducted to profile mtDNA germline and somatic variants in 124 RA patients and 123 age- and sex-matched healthy controls in the Taizhou area, China. Fisher’s exact test, SKAT and SKAT-O were used for gene-burden tests to investigate RA-related variants of mitochondrial genes. Predictive tools were applied to evaluate the pathogenicity of mtDNA variants, and mtDNA haplogroups were assigned according to mtDNA mutations recorded in PhyloTree database. The frequency distribution of mtDNA haplogroups between the groups was compared using χ2 analysis.ResultsWe identified 467 RA-unique and 341 healthy control-unique mtDNA variants, with 443 common variants. Only MT-ATP6 with a significant burden of variants was identified by Fisher’s exact test, SKAT and SKAT-O, even after Bonferroni adjustment, and the enrichment variants in MT-ATP6 was mainly driven by m.8830C>A, m.8833G>C and m.8843T>A variants. Besides, four frequently low-heteroplasmic variants including the three variants above and m.14135T>G of MT-ND5 were detected in RA only; except for m.8830C>A, they are considered potential pathogenicity based on functional predictions. χ2 analysis before Bonferroni adjustment revealed haplogroup F1/F1a to be negatively associated with RA (P < 0.05).ConclusionThese results profiled the landscape of germline and somatic mtDNA variants in RA and supported the effects of mitochondrial genes on RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juping Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Enze Medical Centre (Group), Linhai
| | - Sufei Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Enze Medical Centre (Group), Linhai
| | - Donglian Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Enze Hospital, Taizhou Enze Medical Centre (Group), Luqiao, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shuaishuai Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Enze Medical Centre (Group), Linhai
| | - Suyun Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Enze Medical Centre (Group), Linhai
| | - Yufen Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Enze Medical Centre (Group), Linhai
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Enze Medical Centre (Group), Linhai
| | - Shiyong Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Enze Medical Centre (Group), Linhai
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Enze Medical Centre (Group), Linhai
| | - Bo Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Enze Medical Centre (Group), Linhai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Enze Hospital, Taizhou Enze Medical Centre (Group), Luqiao, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Lewis CJ, Dixit B, Batiuk E, Hall CJ, O'Connor MS, Boominathan A. Codon optimization is an essential parameter for the efficient allotopic expression of mtDNA genes. Redox Biol 2020; 30:101429. [PMID: 31981894 PMCID: PMC6976934 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in mitochondrial DNA can be inherited or occur de novo leading to several debilitating myopathies with no curative option and few or no effective treatments. Allotopic expression of recoded mitochondrial genes from the nucleus has potential as a gene therapy strategy for such conditions, however progress in this field has been hampered by technical challenges. Here we employed codon optimization as a tool to re-engineer the protein-coding genes of the human mitochondrial genome for robust, efficient expression from the nucleus. All 13 codon-optimized constructs exhibited substantially higher protein expression than minimally-recoded genes when expressed transiently, and steady-state mRNA levels for optimized gene constructs were 5-180 fold enriched over recoded versions in stably-selected wildtype cells. Eight of thirteen mitochondria-encoded oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) proteins maintained protein expression following stable selection, with mitochondrial localization of expression products. We also assessed the utility of this strategy in rescuing mitochondrial disease cell models and found the rescue capacity of allotopic expression constructs to be gene specific. Allotopic expression of codon optimized ATP8 in disease models could restore protein levels and respiratory function, however, rescue of the pathogenic phenotype for another gene, ND1 was only partially successful. These results imply that though codon-optimization alone is not sufficient for functional allotopic expression of most mitochondrial genes, it is an essential consideration in their design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin J Lewis
- Department of Mitochondrial Research, SENS Research Foundation, Mountain View, CA, 94041, USA
| | - Bhavna Dixit
- Department of Mitochondrial Research, SENS Research Foundation, Mountain View, CA, 94041, USA
| | - Elizabeth Batiuk
- Department of Mitochondrial Research, SENS Research Foundation, Mountain View, CA, 94041, USA
| | - Carter J Hall
- Department of Mitochondrial Research, SENS Research Foundation, Mountain View, CA, 94041, USA
| | - Matthew S O'Connor
- Department of Mitochondrial Research, SENS Research Foundation, Mountain View, CA, 94041, USA.
| | - Amutha Boominathan
- Department of Mitochondrial Research, SENS Research Foundation, Mountain View, CA, 94041, USA.
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Mitochondrial Genome (mtDNA) Mutations that Generate Reactive Oxygen Species. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8090392. [PMID: 31514455 PMCID: PMC6769445 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are critical for the energetic demands of virtually every cellular process within nucleated eukaryotic cells. They harbour multiple copies of their own genome (mtDNA), as well as the protein-synthesing systems required for the translation of vital subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation machinery used to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Molecular lesions to the mtDNA cause severe metabolic diseases and have been proposed to contribute to the progressive nature of common age-related diseases such as cancer, cardiomyopathy, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. As a consequence of playing a central role in cellular energy metabolism, mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a by-product of respiration. Here we review the evidence that mutations in the mtDNA exacerbate ROS production, contributing to disease.
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Käding N, Kaufhold I, Müller C, Szaszák M, Shima K, Weinmaier T, Lomas R, Conesa A, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Rattei T, Rupp J. Growth of Chlamydia pneumoniae Is Enhanced in Cells with Impaired Mitochondrial Function. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:499. [PMID: 29259924 PMCID: PMC5723314 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective growth and replication of obligate intracellular pathogens depend on host cell metabolism. How this is connected to host cell mitochondrial function has not been studied so far. Recent studies suggest that growth of intracellular bacteria such as Chlamydia pneumoniae is enhanced in a low oxygen environment, arguing for a particular mechanistic role of the mitochondrial respiration in controlling intracellular progeny. Metabolic changes in C. pneumoniae infected epithelial cells were analyzed under normoxic (O2 ≈ 20%) and hypoxic conditions (O2 < 3%). We observed that infection of epithelial cells with C. pneumoniae under normoxia impaired mitochondrial function characterized by an enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS generation. Knockdown and mutation of the host cell ATP synthase resulted in an increased chlamydial replication already under normoxic conditions. As expected, mitochondrial hyperpolarization was observed in non-infected control cells cultured under hypoxic conditions, which was beneficial for C. pneumoniae growth. Taken together, functional and genetically encoded mitochondrial dysfunction strongly promotes intracellular growth of C. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Käding
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Inga Kaufhold
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Constanze Müller
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marta Szaszák
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Kensuke Shima
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas Weinmaier
- Division of Computational Systems Biology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rodrigo Lomas
- Genomics of Gene Expression Lab, Centro de Investigaciones Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Conesa
- Genomics of Gene Expression Lab, Centro de Investigaciones Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
- Microbiology and Cell Science, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | | | - Thomas Rattei
- Division of Computational Systems Biology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jan Rupp
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- *Correspondence: Jan Rupp
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Hirose M, Künstner A, Schilf P, Sünderhauf A, Rupp J, Jöhren O, Schwaninger M, Sina C, Baines JF, Ibrahim SM. Mitochondrial gene polymorphism is associated with gut microbial communities in mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15293. [PMID: 29127319 PMCID: PMC5681637 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15377-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbial communities are key mediators of health and disease and have the capacity to drive the pathogenesis of diverse complex diseases including metabolic and chronic inflammatory diseases as well as aging. Host genetics is also a major determinant of disease phenotypes, whereby two different genomes play a role, the nuclear (nDNA)- and mitochondrial genome (mtDNA). We investigated the impact of mutations in mtDNA on the gut microbiota using conplastic mouse strains exhibiting distinct mutations in their mtDNA on an identical nDNA. Each of three strain tested harbors a distinct gut microbiota, ranging from differences at the phylum- to operational taxonomic units level. The C57BL/6J-mt FVB/NJ strain, carrying a mutation in the mitochondrial ATP8 synthase gene, exhibits higher Firmicutes abundance than Bacteroidetes, indicating a possible indicative for metabolic dysfunctions. In line with this, the C57BL/6J-mt FVB/NJ displays a variety of different phenotypes, including increased susceptibility to metabolic-related and inflammatory disorders. Furthermore, we discuss the cross-talk between mitochondrial genome/mitochondria and commensal microbiota in relation to clinical phenotypes. In summary, we demonstrate that mutations in mtDNA lead to significant differences in the composition of gut microbial communities in mice. Such differences may facilitate the emergence of metabolic disease and therefore constitute potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misa Hirose
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Axel Künstner
- Group for Medical Systems Biology, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Evolutionary Genomics, Plön, Germany
| | - Paul Schilf
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Annika Sünderhauf
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jan Rupp
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Olaf Jöhren
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Markus Schwaninger
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian Sina
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - John F Baines
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Evolutionary Genomics, Plön, Germany
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Evolutionary Genomics, Kiel, Germany
| | - Saleh M Ibrahim
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
- College of Medicine and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
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14
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Tourmente M, Hirose M, Ibrahim S, Dowling DK, Tompkins DM, Roldan ERS, Gemmell NJ. mtDNA polymorphism and metabolic inhibition affect sperm performance in conplastic mice. Reproduction 2017; 154:341-354. [PMID: 28676531 DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Whereas a broad link exists between nucleotide substitutions in the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) and a range of metabolic pathologies, exploration of the effect of specific mtDNA genotypes is on-going. Mitochondrial DNA mutations are of particular relevance for reproductive traits, since they are expected to have profound effects on male specific processes as a result of the strict maternal inheritance of mtDNA. Sperm motility is crucially dependent on ATP in most systems studied. However, the importance of mitochondrial function in the production of the ATP necessary for sperm function remains uncertain. In this study, we test the effect of mtDNA polymorphisms upon mouse sperm performance and bioenergetics by using five conplastic inbred strains that share the same nuclear background while differing in their mitochondrial genomes. We found that, while genetic polymorphisms across distinct mtDNA haplotypes are associated with modification in sperm progressive velocity, this effect is not related to ATP production. Furthermore, there is no association between the number of mtDNA polymorphisms and either (a) the magnitude of sperm performance decrease, or (b) performance response to specific inhibition of the main sperm metabolic pathways. The observed variability between strains may be explained in terms of additive effects of single nucleotide substitutions on mtDNA coding sequences, which have been stabilized through genetic drift in the different laboratory strains. Alternatively, the decreased sperm performance might have arisen from the disruption of the nuclear DNA/mtDNA interactions that have coevolved during the radiation of Mus musculus subspecies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano Tourmente
- Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary BiologyMuseo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Misa Hirose
- Institute of Experimental DermatologyUniversity of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Saleh Ibrahim
- Institute of Experimental DermatologyUniversity of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Damian K Dowling
- School of Biological SciencesMonash University, Clayton, Australia
| | | | - Eduardo R S Roldan
- Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary BiologyMuseo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Neil J Gemmell
- Department of AnatomyUniversity of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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15
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Wang J, Shi Y, Elzo MA, Dang S, Jia X, Lai S. Genetic diversity of ATP8 and ATP6 genes is associated with high-altitude adaptation in yak. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2017; 29:385-393. [PMID: 28306370 DOI: 10.1080/24701394.2017.1285292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
ATP synthase 8 (ATP8) and ATPase synthase 6 (ATP6) play an important role in mitochondrial ATPase assembly. Mutations in either of these units could affect the ATP processing and the respiration chain in mitochondria. To find out if there were differences in gene diversity between Tibetan yaks and domestic cattle, we sequenced the ATP8 and ATP6 genes in 66 Tibetan yaks and 81 domestic cattle. We identified 20 SNPs in the ATP8 gene and 60 SNPs in the ATP6 gene. Ten SNPs detected in ATP8 were probably positively associated with high-altitude adaptation, of which SNPs m.8164 G > A, m.8210 G > A, m.8231 C > T and m. 8249 C > T resulted in amino acid changes. Similarly, SNPs m.8308A > G, m.8370A > C, m.8514G > A of ATP6 also appeared to be associated with high-altitude adaptability. Specifically, m.8308 A > G, located in the overlap region, might bring in a conserved region found in cytochrome b561 which play an important role in iron regulation, thus it might help the Tibetan yaks with this mutation to utilize rare oxygen efficiently. Considering all mutations, three of eight haplotypes identified in gene ATP8 were present only in Tibetan yaks, and six (H3 to H8) out of 21 haplotypes (H1 to H21) in gene ATP6 were restricted to Tibetan yaks. Haplotypes present only in Tibetan yaks could be positively associated with high-altitude adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- a College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Yu Shi
- a College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Mauricio A Elzo
- b Department of Animal Sciences , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
| | - Shuzhang Dang
- a College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Xianbo Jia
- a College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Songjia Lai
- a College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
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16
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Reilly KM. The Effects of Genetic Background of Mouse Models of Cancer: Friend or Foe? Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2016; 2016:pdb.top076273. [PMID: 26933251 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.top076273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the past century, mice have been selectively bred to give rise to the strains used in biomedical research today. Mouse models of cancer allow researchers to control variables of diet, environment, and genetic heterogeneity to better dissect the role of these factors in cancer in humans. Because of the important role of genetic background in cancer, the strain of the mouse can introduce confounding results in studies of mouse models if not properly controlled. Conversely, genetic variation between strains can also provide important new insights into cancer mechanisms. Here, the sources of genetic heterogeneity in mouse models are reviewed, with an explanation of how heterogeneity modifies cancer phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlyne M Reilly
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702
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17
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Schröder T, Kucharczyk D, Bär F, Pagel R, Derer S, Jendrek ST, Sünderhauf A, Brethack AK, Hirose M, Möller S, Künstner A, Bischof J, Weyers I, Heeren J, Koczan D, Schmid SM, Divanovic S, Giles DA, Adamski J, Fellermann K, Lehnert H, Köhl J, Ibrahim S, Sina C. Mitochondrial gene polymorphisms alter hepatic cellular energy metabolism and aggravate diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Mol Metab 2016; 5:283-295. [PMID: 27069868 PMCID: PMC4812012 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease and is associated with an enhanced risk for liver and cardiovascular diseases and mortality. NAFLD can progress from simple hepatic steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the mechanisms predisposing to this progression remain undefined. Notably, hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction is a common finding in patients with NASH. Due to a lack of appropriate experimental animal models, it has not been evaluated whether this mitochondrial dysfunction plays a causative role for the development of NASH. Methods To determine the effect of a well-defined mitochondrial dysfunction on liver physiology at baseline and during dietary challenge, C57BL/6J-mtFVB/N mice were employed. This conplastic inbred strain has been previously reported to exhibit decreased mitochondrial respiration likely linked to a non-synonymous gene variation (nt7778 G/T) of the mitochondrial ATP synthase protein 8 (mt-ATP8). Results At baseline conditions, C57BL/6J-mtFVB/N mice displayed hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction characterized by decreased ATP production and increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, genes affecting lipid metabolism were differentially expressed, hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol levels were changed in these animals, and various acyl-carnitines were altered, pointing towards an impaired mitochondrial carnitine shuttle. However, over a period of twelve months, no spontaneous hepatic steatosis or inflammation was observed. On the other hand, upon dietary challenge with either a methionine and choline deficient diet or a western-style diet, C57BL/6J-mtFVB/N mice developed aggravated steatohepatitis as characterized by lipid accumulation, ballooning of hepatocytes and infiltration of immune cells. Conclusions We observed distinct metabolic alterations in mice with a mitochondrial polymorphism associated hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction. However, a second hit, such as dietary stress, was required to cause hepatic steatosis and inflammation. This study suggests a causative role of hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction in the development of experimental NASH. C57BL/6J-mtFVB/N mice (mt-ATP8, nt7778 G/T) display hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction. C57BL/6J-mtFVB/N mice display alterations in hepatic energy metabolism. C57BL/6J-mtFVB/N mice show no spontaneous hepatic steatosis or inflammation. C57BL/6J-mtFVB/N mice are susceptible to diet induced NASH. Study demonstrates causative role of mitochondrial dysfunction for NASH development.
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Key Words
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- AMP, adenosine monophosphate
- AMPK, AMP-activated proteinkinase
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- ATP8, ATP synthase protein 8
- Arg, arginine
- Asp, aspartic acid
- B6-mtB6, C57BL/6
- B6-mtFVB, C57BL/6-mtFVB/N
- C0, free dl-carnitine
- C16, hexadecanoyl-l-carntine
- C18, octadecanoyl-l-carnitine
- CD, control diet
- CD3, cluster of differentiation receptor 3
- CPT I, carnitine-palmitoyltransferase I
- CYP51A1, cytochrome P450, family 51, subfamily A, polypeptide 1
- GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- Gr1, granulocyte differentiation antigen 1
- H&E, hematoxylin–eosin staining
- H2O2, hydrogen peroxide
- Hsd17b7, 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 7
- IDI1, isopentenyl-diphosphate delta isomerase 1
- IL, interleukin
- IPA, ingenuity pathway analysis
- KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
- Lipid metabolism
- Ly6G, lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus G
- MCDD, methionine and choline deficient diet
- MSMO1, methylsterol monooxygenase 1
- Met, methionine
- Mitochondrial dysfunction
- Mitochondrial gene polymorphism
- NAFL, non-alcoholic liver steatosis
- NAFLD
- NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- NAS, NAFLD activity score
- NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
- ND3, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3
- OCR, oxygen consumption rate
- OXPHOS, oxidative phosphorylation system
- PBS, phosphate buffered saline
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SNPs, single nucleotide polymorphisms
- SOD2, superoxide dismutase 2
- STRING, Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins
- Steatohepatitis
- TNFα
- TNFα, tumor necrosis factor alpha
- Tyr, tyrosine
- WD, western-style diet
- mt, mitochondrial
- pAMPK, phosphorylated AMP-activated proteinkinase
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Schröder
- University of Lübeck, Department of Medicine I, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany; University of Lübeck, Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - David Kucharczyk
- University of Lübeck, Department of Medicine I, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Florian Bär
- University of Lübeck, Department of Medicine I, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - René Pagel
- University of Lübeck, Department of Medicine I, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany; University of Lübeck, Institute of Anatomy, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stefanie Derer
- University of Lübeck, Department of Medicine I, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sebastian Torben Jendrek
- University of Lübeck, Department of Medicine I, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany; University of Lübeck, Institute of Anatomy, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Annika Sünderhauf
- University of Lübeck, Department of Medicine I, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Brethack
- University of Lübeck, Department of Medicine I, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Misa Hirose
- University of Lübeck, The Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Steffen Möller
- University of Lübeck, The Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany; Rostock University Medical Center, Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Ernst-Heydemann-Straße 8, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Axel Künstner
- University of Lübeck, The Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Guest Group Evolutionary Genomics, August-Thienemann-Straße 2, 24306 Plön, Germany
| | - Julia Bischof
- University of Lübeck, The Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Imke Weyers
- University of Lübeck, Institute of Anatomy, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jörg Heeren
- University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Martinistraße 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Koczan
- University of Rostock, Institute of Immunology, Schillingallee 70, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Senad Divanovic
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, University of Cincinnati, Division of Immunobiology, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA
| | - Daniel Aaron Giles
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, University of Cincinnati, Division of Immunobiology, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA
| | - Jerzy Adamski
- Helmholtz Center, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Ingolstaedter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Technische Universität München, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Genetik, Liesel-Beckmann-Straße 4, 85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstaedter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Fellermann
- University of Lübeck, Department of Medicine I, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hendrik Lehnert
- University of Lübeck, Department of Medicine I, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jörg Köhl
- University of Lübeck, Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany; Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, University of Cincinnati, Division of Immunobiology, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA
| | - Saleh Ibrahim
- University of Lübeck, The Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian Sina
- University of Lübeck, Department of Medicine I, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany.
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18
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Chauhan A, Weiss H, Koch F, Ibrahim SM, Vera J, Wolkenhauer O, Tiedge M. Dissecting Long-Term Glucose Metabolism Identifies New Susceptibility Period for Metabolic Dysfunction in Aged Mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140858. [PMID: 26540285 PMCID: PMC4634931 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders, like diabetes and obesity, are pathogenic outcomes of imbalance in glucose metabolism. Nutrient excess and mitochondrial imbalance are implicated in dysfunctional glucose metabolism with age. We used conplastic mouse strains with defined mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations on a common nuclear genomic background, and administered a high-fat diet up to 18 months of age. The conplastic mouse strain B6-mtFVB, with a mutation in the mt-Atp8 gene, conferred β-cell dysfunction and impaired glucose tolerance after high-fat diet. To our surprise, despite of this functional deficit, blood glucose levels adapted to perturbations with age. Blood glucose levels were particularly sensitive to perturbations at the early age of 3 to 6 months. Overall the dynamics consisted of a peak between 3–6 months followed by adaptation by 12 months of age. With the help of mathematical modeling we delineate how body weight, insulin and leptin regulate this non-linear blood glucose dynamics. The model predicted a second rise in glucose between 15 and 21 months, which could be experimentally confirmed as a secondary peak. We therefore hypothesize that these two peaks correspond to two sensitive periods of life, where perturbations to the basal metabolism can mark the system for vulnerability to pathologies at later age. Further mathematical modeling may perspectively allow the design of targeted periods for therapeutic interventions and could predict effects on weight loss and insulin levels under conditions of pre-diabetic obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Chauhan
- Department of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Computer Science, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany. Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study (STIAS), Wallenberg Research Centre at Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Heike Weiss
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Franziska Koch
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Saleh M. Ibrahim
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Julio Vera
- Department of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Computer Science, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany. Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study (STIAS), Wallenberg Research Centre at Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Olaf Wolkenhauer
- Department of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Computer Science, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany. Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study (STIAS), Wallenberg Research Centre at Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Markus Tiedge
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- * E-mail:
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19
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Fröhlich C, Zschiebsch K, Gröger V, Paarmann K, Steffen J, Thurm C, Schropp EM, Brüning T, Gellerich F, Radloff M, Schwabe R, Lachmann I, Krohn M, Ibrahim S, Pahnke J. Activation of Mitochondrial Complex II-Dependent Respiration Is Beneficial for α-Synucleinopathies. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:4728-44. [PMID: 26319560 PMCID: PMC4965489 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9399-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies are major challenges in research and clinical medicine world-wide and contribute to the most common neurodegenerative disorders. Previously, specific mitochondrial polymorphisms have been found to enhance clearance of amyloid-β from the brain of APP-transgenic mice leading to beneficial clinical outcome. It has been discussed whether specific mitochondrial alterations contribute to disease progression or even prevent toxic peptide deposition, as seen in many neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we investigated α-synuclein-transgenic C57BL/6J mice with the A30P mutation, and a novel A30P C57BL/6J mouse model with three mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms in the ND3, COX3 and mtRNAArg genes, as found in the inbred NOD/LtJ mouse strain. We were able to detect that the new model has increased mitochondrial complex II-respiration which occurs in parallel to neuronal loss and improved motor performance, although it exhibits higher amounts of high molecular weight species of α-synuclein. High molecular weight aggregates of different peptides are controversially discussed in the light of neurodegeneration. A favourable hypothesis states that high molecular weight species are protective and of minor importance for the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders as compared to the extreme neurotoxic monomers and oligomers. Summarising, our results point to a potentially protective and beneficial effect of specific mitochondrial polymorphisms which cause improved mitochondrial complex II-respiration in α-synucleinopathies, an effect that could be exploited further for pharmaceutical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Fröhlich
- Department of Neurology, Neurodegeneration Research Lab (NRL), University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Katja Zschiebsch
- Department of Neurology, Neurodegeneration Research Lab (NRL), University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,University of Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology/ZAFES, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Victoria Gröger
- Department of Neurology, Neurodegeneration Research Lab (NRL), University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Halle, Germany
| | - Kristin Paarmann
- Department of Pathology (PAT), Translational Neurodegeneration Research and Neuropathology Lab, University of Oslo (UiO) and Oslo University Hospital (OUS), Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Neurology, Neurodegeneration Research Lab (NRL), University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,LIED, University of Lübeck (UzL), Lübeck, Germany
| | - Johannes Steffen
- Department of Pathology (PAT), Translational Neurodegeneration Research and Neuropathology Lab, University of Oslo (UiO) and Oslo University Hospital (OUS), Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Neurology, Neurodegeneration Research Lab (NRL), University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,LIED, University of Lübeck (UzL), Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christoph Thurm
- Department of Neurology, Neurodegeneration Research Lab (NRL), University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Schropp
- Department of Neurology, Neurodegeneration Research Lab (NRL), University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Department of Pathology (PAT), Translational Neurodegeneration Research and Neuropathology Lab, University of Oslo (UiO) and Oslo University Hospital (OUS), Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Neurology, Neurodegeneration Research Lab (NRL), University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frank Gellerich
- Department of Neurology, University of Magdeburg/Leibniz Institut for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Martin Radloff
- Institute for Mathematical Stochastics, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Schwabe
- Institute for Mathematical Stochastics, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Markus Krohn
- Department of Pathology (PAT), Translational Neurodegeneration Research and Neuropathology Lab, University of Oslo (UiO) and Oslo University Hospital (OUS), Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Neurology, Neurodegeneration Research Lab (NRL), University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Jens Pahnke
- Department of Pathology (PAT), Translational Neurodegeneration Research and Neuropathology Lab, University of Oslo (UiO) and Oslo University Hospital (OUS), Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Neurology, Neurodegeneration Research Lab (NRL), University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany. .,LIED, University of Lübeck (UzL), Lübeck, Germany. .,Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Biochemistry (IPB), Halle, Germany.
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20
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Hirose M, Schilf P, Benoit S, Eming R, Gläser R, Homey B, Kunz M, Nebel A, Peitsch WK, Pföhler C, Sárdy M, Schreiber S, Zillikens D, Schmidt E, Ibrahim SM. Polymorphisms in the mitochondrially encoded ATP synthase 8 gene are associated with susceptibility to bullous pemphigoid in the German population. Exp Dermatol 2015; 24:715-7. [PMID: 25941154 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Misa Hirose
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Paul Schilf
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sandrine Benoit
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Eming
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Phillip University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Regine Gläser
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Christian Albrecht University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Bernhard Homey
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Manfred Kunz
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Almut Nebel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Wiebke K Peitsch
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Claudia Pföhler
- Department of Dermatology, Saarland University Medical School, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Miklós Sárdy
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, Christian Albrecht University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,Popgen biobank, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Detlef Zillikens
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Enno Schmidt
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Comprehensive Center for Inflammation Medicine, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Saleh M Ibrahim
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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21
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Müller S, Krüger B, Lange F, Bock CN, Nizze H, Glass Ä, Ibrahim SM, Jaster R. The mtDNA nt7778 G/T polymorphism augments formation of lymphocytic foci but does not aggravate cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102266. [PMID: 25010670 PMCID: PMC4092110 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A polymorphism in the ATP synthase 8 (ATP8) gene of the murine mitochondrial genome, G-to-T transversion at position 7778, has been suggested to increase susceptibility to multiple autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). The polymorphism also induces mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation, secretory dysfunction and β-cell mass adaptation. Here, we have used two conplastic mouse strains, C57BL/6N-mtAKR/J (B6-mtAKR; nt7778 G; control) and C57BL/6N-mtFVB/N (B6-mtFVB; nt7778 T), to address the question if the polymorphism also affects the course of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in mice. Therefore, two age groups of mice (3 and 12-month-old, respectively) were subjected to up to 7 injections of the secretagogue cerulein (50 µg/kg body weight) at hourly intervals. Disease severity was assessed at time points from 3 hours to 7 days based on pancreatic histopathology, serum levels of α-amylase and activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in lung tissue. A comparison of cerulein-induced pancreatic tissue damage and increases of α-amylase and MPO activities showed no differences between the age-matched groups of both strains. Interestingly, histological evaluation of pancreatic tissue of both untreated and cerulein-treated B6-mtAKR and B6-mtFVB mice also revealed the presence of infiltrates of immune cells surrounding ducts and vessels; a finding that is compatible with an early stage of AIP. After recovery from cerulein-induced pancreatitis (day 7 after the injections), 12-month-old B6-mtFVB mice but not B6-mtAKR mice displayed aggravated lymphocytic lesions. A comparison of 12-month-old mice with other age groups of both strains revealed that lymphocytic foci were largely absent in 3-month-old mice, while 24-month-old mice were more affected. Together, our data suggest that the mtDNA nt7778 G/T polymorphism does not aggravate cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis. Autoimmune-like lesions, however, may progress faster if additional tissue damage occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Müller
- Department of Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Burkhard Krüger
- Division of Medical Biology, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Falko Lange
- Department of Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- Oscar-Langendorff-Institute of Physiology, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Cristin N. Bock
- Department of Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Horst Nizze
- Institute of Pathology, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Änne Glass
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Saleh M. Ibrahim
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Robert Jaster
- Department of Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) cell lines as a practical model for mitochondriopathies. Redox Biol 2014; 2:619-31. [PMID: 25460729 PMCID: PMC4297942 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) cell lines can incorporate human subject mitochondria and perpetuate its mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded components. Since the nuclear background of different cybrid lines can be kept constant, this technique allows investigators to study the influence of mtDNA on cell function. Prior use of cybrids has elucidated the contribution of mtDNA to a variety of biochemical parameters, including electron transport chain activities, bioenergetic fluxes, and free radical production. While the interpretation of data generated from cybrid cell lines has technical limitations, cybrids have contributed valuable insight into the relationship between mtDNA and phenotype alterations. This review discusses the creation of the cybrid technique and subsequent data obtained from cybrid applications. The cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) model can be used to determine mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) contributions to phenotypic alterations. Cybrids are used to study mitochondriopathies such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. mtDNA heteroplasmy threshold and nuclear DNA-mtDNA compatibility can be determined using cybrid models.
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Bär F, Bochmann W, Widok A, von Medem K, Pagel R, Hirose M, Yu X, Kalies K, König P, Böhm R, Herdegen T, Reinicke AT, Büning J, Lehnert H, Fellermann K, Ibrahim S, Sina C. Mitochondrial gene polymorphisms that protect mice from colitis. Gastroenterology 2013; 145:1055-1063.e3. [PMID: 23872498 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Dysregulated energy homeostasis in the intestinal mucosa frequently is observed in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Intestinal tissues from these patients have reduced activity of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex, so mitochondrial dysfunction could contribute to the pathogenesis of UC. However, little is known about the mechanisms by which OXPHOS activity could be altered. We used conplastic mice, which have identical nuclear but different mitochondrial genomes, to investigate activities of the OXPHOS complex. METHODS Colitis was induced in C57BL/6J wild-type (B6.B6) and 3 strains of conplastic mice (B6.NZB, B6.NOD, and B6.AKR) by administration of dextran sodium sulfate or rectal application of trinitrobenzene sulfonate. Colon tissues were collected and analyzed by histopathology, immunohistochemical analysis, and immunoblot analysis; we also measured mucosal levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reactive oxygen species, OXPHOS complex activity, and epithelial cell proliferation and apoptosis. RESULTS We identified mice with increased mucosal OXPHOS complex activities and levels of ATP. These mice developed less-severe colitis after administration of dextran sodium sulfate or trinitrobenzene sulfonate than mice with lower mucosal levels of ATP. Colon tissues from these mice also had increased enterocyte proliferation and transcription factor nuclear factor-κB activity, which have been shown to protect the mucosal barrier-defects in these processes have been associated with inflammatory bowel disease. CONCLUSIONS Variants in mitochondrial DNA that increase mucosal levels of ATP protect mice from colitis. Increasing mitochondrial ATP synthesis in intestinal epithelial cells could be a therapeutic approach for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Bär
- Medical Department I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany; Institute of Anatomy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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24
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Beyond retrograde and anterograde signalling: mitochondrial-nuclear interactions as a means for evolutionary adaptation and contemporary disease susceptibility. Biochem Soc Trans 2013; 41:111-7. [PMID: 23356268 DOI: 10.1042/bst20120227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Although there is general agreement that most forms of common disease develop as a consequence of a combination of factors, including genetic, environmental and behavioural contributors, the actual mechanistic basis of how these factors initiate or promote diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases in some individuals but not in others with seemingly identical risk factor profiles, is not clearly understood. In this respect, consideration of the potential role for mitochondrial genetics, damage and function in influencing common disease susceptibility seems merited, given that the prehistoric challenges were the original factors that moulded cellular function, and these were based upon the mitochondrial-nuclear relationships that were established during evolutionary history. These interactions were probably refined during prehistoric environmental selection events that, at present, are largely absent. Contemporary risk factors such as diet, sedentary lifestyle and increased longevity, which influence our susceptibility to a variety of chronic diseases were not part of the dynamics that defined the processes of mitochondrial-nuclear interaction, and thus cell function. Consequently, the prehistoric challenges that contributed to cell functionality and evolution should be considered when interpreting and designing experimental data and strategies. Although several molecular epidemiological studies have generally supported this notion, studies that probe beyond these associations are required. Such investigation will mark the initial steps for mechanistically addressing the provocative concept that contemporary human disease susceptibility is the result of prehistoric selection events for mitochondrial-nuclear function, which increased the probability for survival and reproductive success during evolution.
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Kumarasamy S, Gopalakrishnan K, Abdul-Majeed S, Partow-Navid R, Farms P, Joe B. Construction of two novel reciprocal conplastic rat strains and characterization of cardiac mitochondria. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2012; 304:H22-32. [PMID: 23125210 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00534.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Because of the lack of appropriate animal models, the potentially causal contributions of inherited mitochondrial genomic factors to complex traits are less well studied compared with inherited nuclear genomic factors. We previously detected variations between the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of the Dahl salt-sensitive (S) rat and the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Specifically, multiple variations were detected in mitochondrial genes coding for subunits of proteins essential for electron transport, in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, and within the D-loop region. To evaluate the effects of these mtDNA variations in the absence of the corresponding nuclear genomic factors as confounding variables, novel reciprocal strains of S and SHR were constructed and characterized. When compared with that of the S rat, the heart tissue from the S.SHR(mt) conplastic strain wherein the mtDNA of the S rat was substituted with that of the SHR had a significant increase in mtDNA copy number and decrease in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production. A corresponding increase in aerobic treadmill running capacity and a significant increase in survival that was not related to changes in blood pressure were observed in the S.SHR(mt) rats compared with the S rat. The reciprocal SHR.S(mt) rats did not differ from the SHR in any phenotype tested, suggesting lower penetrance of the S mtDNA on the nuclear genomic background of the SHR. These novel conplastic strains serve as invaluable tools to further dissect the relationship between heart function, aerobic fitness, cardiovascular disease progression, and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivarajan Kumarasamy
- Program in Physiological Genomics, Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, Department of Physiology qaand Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, 3000 Arlington Ave., Toledo, OH 43614-2598, USA
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26
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Weiss H, Wester-Rosenloef L, Koch C, Koch F, Baltrusch S, Tiedge M, Ibrahim S. The mitochondrial Atp8 mutation induces mitochondrial ROS generation, secretory dysfunction, and β-cell mass adaptation in conplastic B6-mtFVB mice. Endocrinology 2012; 153:4666-76. [PMID: 22919063 DOI: 10.1210/en.2012-1296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cause a variety of pathologic phenotypes. In this study, we used conplastic mouse strains to characterize the impact of a mtDNA mutation in the Atp8 gene on β-cell function, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, β-cell mass, and glucose metabolism in response to high-fat diet (HFD). In comparison with B6-mt(AKR) controls, the B6-mt(FVB) strain carries a point mutation of the mtDNA-coded Atp8 gene (ATP synthase), leading to a fragmentated mitochondrial phenotype. Isolated pancreatic islets from 3-month-old B6-mt(FVB) mice showed increased mitochondrial generation of ROS, reduced cellular ATP levels, reduced glucose-induced insulin secretion, higher susceptibility to palmitate stress, and pathological morphology of mitochondria. ROS generation in β-cells was not affected by changes of the ambient glucose concentrations. Feeding a HFD for 3 months resulted in impaired glucose tolerance in B6-mt(FVB) mice but not in B6-mt(AKR) controls. In B6-mt(FVB) animals, glucose intolerance positively correlated with gain of body weight. Serum insulin levels and β-cell mass significantly increased in B6-mt(FVB) mice after a 3-month HFD. The data indicate that the mutation in the Atp8 gene induces mitochondrial dysfunction in β-cells with concomitant impairment of secretory responsiveness. This mitochondrial dysfunction induced a higher susceptibility to metabolic stressors, although this effect appeared not strictly linked to nutrient-induced ROS generation. The Atp8 gene mutation caused mitochondrial dysfunction, apparently stimulating an adaptive increase of β-cell mass in response to HFD, whereas mitochondrial ROS might have had an supportive role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Weiss
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rostock, Schillingallee 70, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
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27
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Scheffler K, Krohn M, Dunkelmann T, Stenzel J, Miroux B, Ibrahim S, von Bohlen und Halbach O, Heinze HJ, Walker LC, Gsponer JA, Pahnke J. Mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms specifically modify cerebral β-amyloid proteostasis. Acta Neuropathol 2012; 124:199-208. [PMID: 22526016 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-012-0980-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Several lines of evidence link mutations and deletions in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and its maternal inheritance to neurodegenerative diseases in the elderly. Age-related mutations of mtDNA modulate the tricarboxylic cycle enzyme activity, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation capacity and oxidative stress response. To investigate the functional relevance of specific mtDNA polymorphisms of inbred mouse strains in the proteostasis regulation of the brain, we established novel mitochondrial congenic mouse lines of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We crossed females from inbred strains (FVB/N, AKR/J, NOD/LtJ) with C57BL/6 males for at least ten generations to gain specific mitochondrial conplastic strains with pure C57BL/6 nuclear backgrounds. We show that specific mtDNA polymorphisms originating from the inbred strains differentially influence mitochondrial energy metabolism, ATP production and ATP-driven microglial activity, resulting in alterations of cerebral β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation. Our findings demonstrate that mtDNA-related increases in ATP levels and subsequently in microglial activity are directly linked to decreased Aβ accumulation in vivo, implicating reduced mitochondrial function in microglia as a causative factor in the development of age-related cerebral proteopathies such as AD.
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28
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Pedersen NC, Liu H, McLaughlin B, Sacks BN. Genetic characterization of healthy and sebaceous adenitis affected Standard Poodles from the United States and the United Kingdom. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 80:46-57. [PMID: 22512808 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2012.01876.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The degree of heterogeneity associated with geographic origin and sebaceous adenitis (SA) status in Standard Poodles from the United States (US) and the United Kingdom (UK) was assessed. Healthy and SA-affected Standard Poodles from the US and the UK shared a major mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotype and a single Y chromosome haplotype. However, minor mtDNA haplotypes and frequencies were somewhat different between US and UK dogs and were significantly less associated with SA than major haplotypes across both populations. The US and UK populations exhibited recent divergence from a common gene pool, based on allele frequencies of 24 highly polymorphic short tandem repeats and principle coordinates and cluster analyses of genotype frequencies. However, there was no differentiation between SA affected and unaffected dogs. Over 90% of US and UK Poodles shared a common dog leukocyte antigen (DLA) class II haplotype, but showed some differentiation in minor haplotype frequency. No difference was observed in haplotype heterozygosity between SA affected and unaffected dogs from the same country and no disease association for SA was found within the DLA region by a high density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) scan. Zygosity mapping in the DLA region of Poodles indicated much lower site-specific diversity than in an outbred population of street dogs from Bali, Indonesia, reflecting the degree that breed associated historical bottlenecks have reduced diversity in a polymorphic region of the genome. This study shows possible pitfalls in more extensive genome-wide association studies, such as case and control numbers, population stratification, the involvement of multiple genes, and/or the possibility that SA susceptibility is fixed or nearly fixed within the breed, which can reduce power to detect genetic associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Pedersen
- Center for Companion Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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29
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Lack of the DNA glycosylases MYH and OGG1 in the cancer prone double mutant mouse does not increase mitochondrial DNA mutagenesis. DNA Repair (Amst) 2011; 11:278-85. [PMID: 22209780 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Revised: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are formed as natural byproducts during aerobic metabolism and readily induce premutagenic base lesions in the DNA. The 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) and MutY homolog 1 (MYH) synergistically prevent mutagenesis and cancer formation in mice. Their localization in the mitochondria as well as in the nucleus suggests that mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) contribute to the carcinogenesis in the myh⁻/⁻/ogg1⁻/⁻ double knockout mouse. In order to test this hypothesis, we analyzed mtDNA mutagenesis and mitochondrial function in young (1month) and adult (6months) wt and myh⁻/⁻/ogg1⁻/⁻ mice. To our surprise, the absence of OGG1 and MYH had no impact on mtDNA mutation rates in these mice, even at the onset of cancer. This indicates that mtDNA mutagenesis is not responsible for the carcinogenesis of myh⁻/⁻/ogg1⁻/⁻ mice. In line with these results, mitochondrial function was unaffected in the cancerous tissues liver and lung, whereas a significant reduction in respiration capacity was observed in brain mitochondria from the adult myh⁻/⁻/ogg1⁻/⁻ mouse. The reduced respiration capacity correlated with a specific reduction (-25%) in complex I biochemical activity in brain mitochondria. Our results demonstrate that mtDNA mutations are not associated with cancer development in myh⁻/⁻/ogg1⁻/⁻ mice, and that impairment of mitochondrial function in brain could be linked to nuclear DNA mutations in this strain. OGG1 and MYH appear to be dispensable for antimutator function in mitochondria.
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad Bolon
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
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31
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Gimsa U, Kanitz E, Otten W, Aheng C, Tuchscherer M, Ricquier D, Miroux B, Ibrahim SM. Alterations in anxiety-like behavior following knockout of the uncoupling protein 2 (ucp2) gene in mice. Life Sci 2011; 89:677-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2011.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Revised: 07/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Krzywanski DM, Moellering DR, Fetterman JL, Dunham-Snary KJ, Sammy MJ, Ballinger SW. The mitochondrial paradigm for cardiovascular disease susceptibility and cellular function: a complementary concept to Mendelian genetics. J Transl Med 2011; 91:1122-35. [PMID: 21647091 PMCID: PMC3654682 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2011.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While there is general agreement that cardiovascular disease (CVD) development is influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, and behavioral contributors, the actual mechanistic basis of how these factors initiate or promote CVD development in some individuals while others with identical risk profiles do not, is not clearly understood. This review considers the potential role for mitochondrial genetics and function in determining CVD susceptibility from the standpoint that the original features that molded cellular function were based upon mitochondrial-nuclear relationships established millions of years ago and were likely refined during prehistoric environmental selection events that today, are largely absent. Consequently, contemporary risk factors that influence our susceptibility to a variety of age-related diseases, including CVD were probably not part of the dynamics that defined the processes of mitochondrial-nuclear interaction, and thus, cell function. In this regard, the selective conditions that contributed to cellular functionality and evolution should be given more consideration when interpreting and designing experimental data and strategies. Finally, future studies that probe beyond epidemiologic associations are required. These studies will serve as the initial steps for addressing the provocative concept that contemporary human disease susceptibility is the result of selection events for mitochondrial function that increased chances for prehistoric human survival and reproductive success.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Krzywanski
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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33
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Bentov Y, Yavorska T, Esfandiari N, Jurisicova A, Casper RF. The contribution of mitochondrial function to reproductive aging. J Assist Reprod Genet 2011; 28:773-83. [PMID: 21617930 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-011-9588-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The number of women attempting to conceive between the ages of 36 and 44 has increased significantly in the last decade. While it is well established that women's reproductive success dramatically declines with age, the underlying physiological changes responsible for this phenomenon are not well understood. With assisted reproductive technologies, it is clear that oocyte quality is a likely cause since women over 40 undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) with oocytes donated by younger women have success rates comparable to young patients. Apart from oocyte donation, there is no known intervention to improve the pregnancy outcome of older patients. The aim of this paper was the review the relevant data on the potential role of mitochondria in reproductive aging. METHOD Review of current literature on the subject. RESULTS We present the current evidence that associate mitochondrial dysfunction with age related decrease in female reproductive outcome. CONCLUSIONS The aging process is complex, driven by a multitude of factors thought to modulate cellular and organism life span. Although the factors responsible for diminished oocyte quality remain to be elucidated, the present review focuses on the potential role of impaired mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaakov Bentov
- Toronto Centre for Advanced Reproductive Technology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Eipel C, Hildebrandt A, Scholz B, Schyschka L, Minor T, Kreikemeyer B, Ibrahim SM, Vollmar B. Mutation of mitochondrial ATP8 gene improves hepatic energy status in a murine model of acute endotoxemic liver failure. Life Sci 2010; 88:343-9. [PMID: 21167184 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2010.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2010] [Revised: 11/26/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Mitochondria not only generate and modulate bioenergy but also serve as biosensors for oxidative stress, and eventually become effector organelles for cell viability. Therefore, the implications of mitochondrial (dys)function in the development of multiple organ failure are profound. We investigated whether a mutation in the ATPase subunit-8 gene affects the course of endotoxemic acute liver failure. MAIN METHODS C57BL/6J (ATP8 wild type) and C57BL/6J-mt(FVB/N) (ATP8 mutant) mice were challenged with d-galactosamine (GalN) and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for induction of acute liver failure, and studied 6 h thereafter. Control mice received physiological saline only. Analysis included in vivo fluorescence microscopy of hepatic microcirculation and levels of hepatocellular apoptosis, hepatic adenosine nucleotides and oxidative stress. Additionally, survival rates were assessed. KEY FINDINGS Induction of endotoxemic liver failure provoked marked liver damage, which was coexistent with a drop of total adenosine nucleotide levels and increased oxidative stress. Of interest, oxidative stress was higher in the GalN/LPS challenged ATP8 mutants compared to wild types. Concomitantly, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels in livers of mice carrying the ATP8 mutation remained higher than those in wild type mice. As net result, ATP8 mutants showed lower transaminase release and a tendency to better survival rate upon GalN/LPS exposure compared to wild types. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings demonstrate that mutation in the ATPase subunit-8 partially protects mice against endotoxemic stress, most probably due to better hepatic energy status despite elevated oxidative stress. Thus, modulating mitochondrial function to preserve bioenergetic status may be an effective strategy to protect against sepsis-induced multiorgan dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Eipel
- Institute for Experimental Surgery, University of Rostock, Schillingallee 69 a, 18055 Rostock, Germany.
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Gómez-Durán A, Pacheu-Grau D, López-Gallardo E, Díez-Sánchez C, Montoya J, López-Pérez MJ, Ruiz-Pesini E. Unmasking the causes of multifactorial disorders: OXPHOS differences between mitochondrial haplogroups. Hum Mol Genet 2010; 19:3343-53. [PMID: 20566709 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddq246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Many epidemiologic studies have associated human mitochondrial haplogroups to rare mitochondrial diseases like Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy or to more common age-linked disorders such as Parkinson's disease. However, cellular, biochemical and molecular-genetic evidence that is able to explain these associations is very scarce. The etiology of multifactorial diseases is very difficult to sort out because such diseases are due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors that individually only contribute in small part to the development of the illness. Thus, the haplogroup-defining mutations might behave as susceptibility factors, but they could have only a small effect on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) function. Moreover, these effects would be highly dependent on the 'context' in which the genetic variant is acting. To homogenize this 'context' for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations, a cellular approach is available that involves the use of what is known as 'cybrids'. By using this model, we demonstrate that mtDNA and mtRNA levels, mitochondrial protein synthesis, cytochrome oxidase activity and amount, normalized oxygen consumption, mitochondrial inner membrane potential and growth capacity are different in cybrids from the haplogroup H when compared with those of the haplogroup Uk. Thus, these inherited basal differences in OXPHOS capacity can help to explain why some individuals more quickly reach the bioenergetic threshold below which tissue symptoms appear and progress toward multifactorial disorders. Hence, some population genetic variants in mtDNA contribute to the genetic component of complex disorders. The existence of mtDNA-based OXPHOS differences opens possibilities for the existence of a new field, mitochondrial pharmacogenomics. New sequence accession nos: HM103354-HM103363.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Gómez-Durán
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Centro de INvestigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Kumarasamy S, Gopalakrishnan K, Shafton A, Nixon J, Thangavel J, Farms P, Joe B. Mitochondrial polymorphisms in rat genetic models of hypertension. Mamm Genome 2010; 21:299-306. [PMID: 20443117 PMCID: PMC2890981 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-010-9259-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2010] [Accepted: 04/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a complex trait that has been studied extensively for genetic contributions of the nuclear genome. We examined mitochondrial genomes of the hypertensive strains: the Dahl Salt-Sensitive (S) rat, the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR), and the Albino Surgery (AS) rat, and the relatively normotensive strains: the Dahl Salt-Resistant (R) rat, the Milan Normotensive Strain (MNS), and the Lewis rat (LEW). These strains were used previously for linkage analysis for blood pressure (BP) in our laboratory. The results provide evidence to suggest that variations in the mitochondrial genome do not account for observed differences in blood pressure between the S and R rats. However, variants were detected among the mitochondrial genomes of the various hypertensive strains, S, SHR, and AS, and also among the normotensive strains R, MNS, and LEW. A total of 115, 114, 106, 106, and 16 variations in mtDNA were observed between the comparisons S versus LEW, S versus MNS, S versus SHR, S versus AS, and SHR versus AS, respectively. Among the 13 genes coding for proteins of the electron transport chain, 8 genes had nonsynonymous variations between S, LEW, MNS, SHR, and AS. The lack of any sequence variants between the mitochondrial genomes of S and R rats provides conclusive evidence that divergence in blood pressure between these two inbred strains is exclusively programmed through their nuclear genomes. The variations detected among the various hypertensive strains provides the basis to construct conplastic strains and further evaluate the effects of these variants on hypertension and associated phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivarajan Kumarasamy
- Physiological Genomics Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH 43614-5804, USA
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