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Adise S, Ottino-Gonzalez J, Rezvan PH, Kan E, Rhee KE, Goran MI, Sowell ER. Smaller subcortical volume relates to greater weight gain in girls with initially healthy weight. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2024; 32:1389-1400. [PMID: 38710591 PMCID: PMC11211063 DOI: 10.1002/oby.24028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Among 3614 youth who were 9 to 12 years old and initially did not have overweight or obesity (12% [n = 385] developed overweight or obesity), we examined the natural progression of weight gain and brain structure development during a 2-year period with a high risk for obesity (e.g., pre- and early adolescence) to determine the following: 1) whether variation in maturational trajectories of the brain regions contributes to weight gain; and/or 2) whether weight gain contributes to altered brain development. METHODS Data were gathered from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Linear mixed-effects regression models controlled for puberty, caregiver education, handedness, and intracranial volume (random effects: magnetic resonance scanner [MRI] scanner and participant). Because pubertal development occurs earlier in girls, analyses were stratified by sex. RESULTS For girls, but not boys, independent of puberty, greater increases in BMI were driven by smaller volumes over time in the bilateral accumbens, amygdala, hippocampus, and thalamus, right caudate and ventral diencephalon, and left pallidum (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest a potential phenotype for identifying obesity risk because underlying differences among regions involved in food intake were related to greater weight gain in girls, but not in boys. Importantly, 2 years of weight gain may not be sufficient to alter brain development, highlighting early puberty as a critical time to prevent negative neurological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana Adise
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jonatan Ottino-Gonzalez
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Panteha Hayati Rezvan
- Biostatistics and Data Management Core, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Eric Kan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Research Administration, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Kyung E. Rhee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Michael I Goran
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth R. Sowell
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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Monteith H, Mamakeesick M, Rae J, Galloway T, Harris SB, Birken C, Hamilton J, Maguire JL, Parkin P, Zinman B, Hanley AJG. Determinants of Anishinabeck infant and early childhood growth trajectories in Northwestern Ontario, Canada: a cohort study. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:641. [PMID: 38115010 PMCID: PMC10729431 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04449-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) paradigm emphasizes the significance of early life factors for the prevention of chronic health conditions, like type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and obesity, which disproportionately affect First Nations communities in Canada. Despite increasing DOHaD research related to maternal health during pregnancy, early childhood growth patterns, and infant feeding practices with many populations, data from First Nations communities in Canada are limited. In partnership with Sandy Lake First Nation, the aims of this project were to characterize birthweights and growth patterns of First Nations infants/children over the first 6 years of life and to study the impact of maternal and infant social and behavioral factors on birthweight and growth trajectories. METHODS We recruited 194 families through community announcements and clinic visits. Infant/child length/height and weight were measured at 1 and 2 weeks; 1, 2, 6, 12, and 18 months; and 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 years. Maternal and infant/child questionnaires captured data about health, nutrition, and social support. Weight-for-Age z-score (WAZ), Height-for-Age z-score (HAZ), and BMI-for-Age z-score (BAZ) were calculated using WHO reference standards and trajectories were analyzed using generalized additive models. Generalized estimating equations and logistic regression were used to determine associations between exposures and outcomes. RESULTS WAZ and BAZ were above the WHO mean and increased with age until age 6 years. Generalized estimating equations indicated that WAZ was positively associated with age (0.152; 95% CI 0.014, 0.29), HAZ was positively associated with birthweight (0.155; 95% CI 0.035, 0.275), and BAZ was positively associated with caregiver's BMI (0.049; 95% CI 0.004, 0.090). There was an increased odds of rapid weight gain (RWG) with exposure to gestational diabetes (OR: 7.47, 95% CI 1.68, 46.22). Almost 70% of parents initiated breastfeeding, and breastfeeding initiation was modestly associated with lower WAZ (-0.18; 95% CI -0.64, 0.28) and BAZ (-0.23; 95% CI -0.79, 0.34). CONCLUSIONS This work highlights early life factors that may contribute to T2DM etiology and can be used to support community and Indigenous-led prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiliary Monteith
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Medical Sciences Building, 5Th Floor, Room 5253A, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | | | - Joan Rae
- Sandy Lake First Nation, Sandy Lake, ON, P0V 1V0, Canada
| | - Tracey Galloway
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto Mississauga Campus, Terrence Donnelly Health Sciences Complex, Room 354, 3359 Mississauga Rd, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Stewart B Harris
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western Centre for Public Health & Family Medicine, Western University, 1465 Richmond St, London, N6G 2M1, ON, Canada
| | - Catherine Birken
- Department of Pediatrics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Medical Sciences Building, 5Th Floor, Room 5271, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jill Hamilton
- Division of Endocrinology, Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5S 1X8, Canada
| | - Jonathon L Maguire
- Department of Pediatrics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Medical Sciences Building, 5Th Floor, Room 5271, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Patricia Parkin
- Department of Pediatrics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Medical Sciences Building, 5Th Floor, Room 5271, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Bernard Zinman
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, 600 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Anthony J G Hanley
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Medical Sciences Building, 5Th Floor, Room 5253A, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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Ong YY, Rifas-Shiman SL, Perng W, Belfort MB, Law E, Hivert MF, Oken E, Tiemeier H, Aris IM. Growth Velocities Across Distinct Early Life Windows and Child Cognition: Insights from a Contemporary US Cohort. J Pediatr 2023; 263:113653. [PMID: 37541424 PMCID: PMC10837309 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relative importance of overall and period-specific postnatal growth and their interaction with fetal growth on cognition in a generally well-nourished population. STUDY DESIGN We included 1052 children from Project Viva, a prospective cohort in Boston, Massachusetts. Using linear spline mixed-effects models, we modeled length/height and body mass index (BMI) trajectories from birth to 7 years and estimated standardized overall (0-7 years) and period-specific growth velocities ie, early infancy (0-4 months), late infancy (4-15 months), toddlerhood (15-37 months), and early childhood (37-84 months). We investigated associations of growth velocities as well as their interactions with birthweight-for-gestational age on mid-childhood (mean age: 7.9 years) IQ, visual memory and learning, and visual motor ability. RESULTS Greater overall height velocity was associated with modestly higher design memory score, (adjusted β [95% CI] 0.19 [-0.01,0.38] P = .057])points per SD increase but lower verbal IQ (-0.88 [-1.76,0.00] P = .051). Greater early infancy height velocity was associated with higher visual motor score (1.92 [0.67,3.18]). Greater overall BMI velocity was associated with lower verbal IQ (-0.71 [-1.52,0.11] P = .090). Greater late infancy BMI velocity was associated with lower verbal IQ (-1.21 [-2.07,-0.34]), design memory score (-0.22 [-0.42,-0.03)], but higher picture memory score (0.22 [0.01,0.43]). Greater early infancy height velocity (-1.5 SD vs 1.5 SD) was associated with higher nonverbal IQ (margins [95% CI] 102.6 [98.9106.3] vs 108.2 [104.9111.6]) among small-for-gestational age infants (P-interaction = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Among generally well-nourished children, there might not be clear cognitive gains with faster linear growth except for those with lower birthweight-for-gestational age, revealing the potential importance of early infancy compensatory growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ying Ong
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Wei Perng
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Mandy B Belfort
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Evelyn Law
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA; Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Izzuddin M Aris
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA
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Aris IM, Perng W, Dabelea D, Padula AM, Alshawabkeh A, Vélez-Vega CM, Aschner JL, Camargo CA, Sussman TJ, Dunlop AL, Elliott AJ, Ferrara A, Joseph CLM, Singh AM, Breton CV, Hartert T, Cacho F, Karagas MR, Lester BM, Kelly NR, Ganiban JM, Chu SH, O’Connor TG, Fry RC, Norman G, Trasande L, Restrepo B, Gold DR, James P, Oken E. Neighborhood Opportunity and Vulnerability and Incident Asthma Among Children. JAMA Pediatr 2023; 177:1055-1064. [PMID: 37639269 PMCID: PMC10463174 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.3133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Background The extent to which physical and social attributes of neighborhoods play a role in childhood asthma remains understudied. Objective To examine associations of neighborhood-level opportunity and social vulnerability measures with childhood asthma incidence. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study used data from children in 46 cohorts participating in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program between January 1, 1995, and August 31, 2022. Participant inclusion required at least 1 geocoded residential address from birth and parent or caregiver report of a physician's diagnosis of asthma. Participants were followed up to the date of asthma diagnosis, date of last visit or loss to follow-up, or age 20 years. Exposures Census tract-level Child Opportunity Index (COI) and Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) at birth, infancy, or early childhood, grouped into very low (<20th percentile), low (20th to <40th percentile), moderate (40th to <60th percentile), high (60th to <80th percentile), or very high (≥80th percentile) COI or SVI. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcome was parent or caregiver report of a physician's diagnosis of childhood asthma (yes or no). Poisson regression models estimated asthma incidence rate ratios (IRRs) associated with COI and SVI scores at each life stage. Results The study included 10 516 children (median age at follow-up, 9.1 years [IQR, 7.0-11.6 years]; 52.2% male), of whom 20.6% lived in neighborhoods with very high COI and very low SVI. The overall asthma incidence rate was 23.3 cases per 1000 child-years (median age at asthma diagnosis, 6.6 years [IQR, 4.1-9.9 years]). High and very high (vs very low) COI at birth, infancy, or early childhood were associated with lower subsequent asthma incidence independent of sociodemographic characteristics, parental asthma history, and parity. For example, compared with very low COI, the adjusted IRR for asthma was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.75-1.00) for high COI at birth and 0.83 (95% CI, 0.71-0.98) for very high COI at birth. These associations appeared to be attributable to the health and environmental and the social and economic domains of the COI. The SVI during early life was not significantly associated with asthma incidence. For example, compared with a very high SVI, the adjusted IRR for asthma was 0.88 (95% CI, 0.75-1.02) for low SVI at birth and 0.89 (95% CI, 0.76-1.03) for very low SVI at birth. Conclusions In this cohort study, high and very high neighborhood opportunity during early life compared with very low neighborhood opportunity were associated with lower childhood asthma incidence. These findings suggest the need for future studies examining whether investing in health and environmental or social and economic resources in early life would promote health equity in pediatric asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izzuddin M. Aris
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wei Perng
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
| | - Amy M. Padula
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Akram Alshawabkeh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Carmen M. Vélez-Vega
- University of Puerto Rico (UPR) Graduate School of Public Health, UPR Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Judy L. Aschner
- Department of Pediatrics, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Carlos A. Camargo
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Tamara J. Sussman
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
| | - Anne L. Dunlop
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Amy J. Elliott
- Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Sioux Falls
| | - Assiamira Ferrara
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland
| | | | - Anne Marie Singh
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin–Madison
| | - Carrie V. Breton
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Tina Hartert
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Ferdinand Cacho
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Barry M. Lester
- Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Nichole R. Kelly
- Department of Counseling Psychology and Human Services, Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene
| | - Jody M. Ganiban
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Su H. Chu
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Rebecca C. Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Gwendolyn Norman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York
| | - Bibiana Restrepo
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento
| | - Diane R. Gold
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peter James
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Emily Oken
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
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Tian J, Zhu Y, Liu S, Wang L, Qi Q, Deng Q, Andegiorgish AK, Elhoumed M, Cheng Y, Shen C, Zeng L, Zhu Z. Associations between life-course household wealth mobility and adolescent physical growth, cognitive development and emotional and behavioral problems: A birth cohort in rural western China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1061251. [PMID: 36817901 PMCID: PMC9934056 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1061251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Parental household wealth has been shown to be associated with offspring health conditions, while inconsistent associations were reported among generally healthy population especially in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs). Whether the household wealth upward mobility in LMICs would confer benefits to child health remains unknown. Methods We conducted a prospective birth cohort of children born to mothers who participated in a randomized trial of antenatal micronutrient supplementation in rural western China. Household wealth were repeatedly assessed at pregnancy, mid-childhood and early adolescence using principal component analysis for household assets and dwelling characteristics. We used conditional gains and group-based trajectory modeling to assess the quantitative changes between two single-time points and relative mobility of household wealth over life-course, respectively. We performed generalized linear regressions to examine the associations of household wealth mobility indicators with adolescent height- (HAZ) and body mass index-for-age and sex z score (BAZ), scores of full-scale intelligent quotient (FSIQ) and emotional and behavioral problems. Results A total of 1,188 adolescents were followed, among them 59.9% were male with a mean (SD) age of 11.7 (0.9) years old. Per SD conditional increase of household wealth z score from pregnancy to mid-childhood was associated with 0.11 (95% CI 0.04, 0.17) SD higher HAZ and 1.41 (95% CI 0.68, 2.13) points higher FSIQ at early adolescence. Adolescents from the household wealth Upward trajectory had a 0.25 (95% CI 0.03, 0.47) SD higher HAZ and 4.98 (95% CI 2.59, 7.38) points higher FSIQ than those in the Consistently low subgroup. Conclusion Household wealth upward mobility particularly during early life has benefits on adolescent HAZ and cognitive development, which argues for government policies to implement social welfare programs to mitigate or reduce the consequences of early-life deprivations. Given the importance of household wealth in child health, it is recommended that socioeconomic circumstances should be routinely documented in the healthcare record in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yingze Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qi Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiwei Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Amanuel Kidane Andegiorgish
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mohamed Elhoumed
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety Research, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chi Shen
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lingxia Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China,Lingxia Zeng ✉
| | - Zhonghai Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China,*Correspondence: Zhonghai Zhu ✉
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Adise S, Marshall AT, Hahn S, Zhao S, Kan E, Rhee KE, Herting MM, Sowell ER. Longitudinal assessment of brain structure and behaviour in youth with rapid weight gain: Potential contributing causes and consequences. Pediatr Obes 2023; 18:e12985. [PMID: 36253967 PMCID: PMC11075780 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Independent of weight status, rapid weight gain has been associated with underlying brain structure variation in regions associated with food intake and impulsivity among pre-adolescents. Yet, we lack clarity on how developmental maturation coincides with rapid weight gain and weight stability. METHODS We identified brain predictors of 2-year rapid weight gain and its longitudinal effects on brain structure and impulsivity in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study®. Youth were categorized as Healthy Weight/Weight Stable (WSHW , n = 527) or Weight Gainers (WG, n = 221, >38lbs); 63% of the WG group were healthy weight at 9-to-10-years-old. RESULTS A fivefold cross-validated logistic elastic-net regression revealed that rapid weight gain was associated with structural variation amongst 39 brain features at 9-to-10-years-old in regions involved with executive functioning, appetitive control and reward sensitivity. Two years later, WG youth showed differences in change over time in several of these regions and performed worse on measures of impulsivity. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that brain structure in pre-adolescence may predispose some to rapid weight gain and that weight gain itself may alter maturational brain change in regions important for food intake and impulsivity. Behavioural interventions that target inhibitory control may improve trajectories of brain maturation and facilitate healthier behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana Adise
- Division of Pediatric Research Administration, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Andrew T. Marshall
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sage Hahn
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Shaomin Zhao
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Eric Kan
- Division of Pediatric Research Administration, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kyung E. Rhee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Megan M. Herting
- Departments of Population and Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth R. Sowell
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Aris IM, Perng W, Dabelea D, Padula AM, Alshawabkeh A, Vélez-Vega CM, Aschner JL, Camargo CA, Sussman TJ, Dunlop AL, Elliott AJ, Ferrara A, Zhu Y, Joseph CLM, Singh AM, Hartert T, Cacho F, Karagas MR, North-Reid T, Lester BM, Kelly NR, Ganiban JM, Chu SH, O’Connor TG, Fry RC, Norman G, Trasande L, Restrepo B, James P, Oken E. Associations of Neighborhood Opportunity and Social Vulnerability With Trajectories of Childhood Body Mass Index and Obesity Among US Children. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2247957. [PMID: 36547983 PMCID: PMC9857328 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.47957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance Physical and social neighborhood attributes may have implications for children's growth and development patterns. The extent to which these attributes are associated with body mass index (BMI) trajectories and obesity risk from childhood to adolescence remains understudied. Objective To examine associations of neighborhood-level measures of opportunity and social vulnerability with trajectories of BMI and obesity risk from birth to adolescence. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study used data from 54 cohorts (20 677 children) participating in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program from January 1, 1995, to January 1, 2022. Participant inclusion required at least 1 geocoded residential address and anthropometric measure (taken at the same time or after the address date) from birth through adolescence. Data were analyzed from February 1 to June 30, 2022. Exposures Census tract-level Child Opportunity Index (COI) and Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) linked to geocoded residential addresses at birth and in infancy (age range, 0.5-1.5 years), early childhood (age range, 2.0-4.8 years), and mid-childhood (age range, 5.0-9.8 years). Main Outcomes and Measures BMI (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by length [if aged <2 years] or height in meters squared) and obesity (age- and sex-specific BMI ≥95th percentile). Based on nationwide distributions of the COI and SVI, Census tract rankings were grouped into 5 categories: very low (<20th percentile), low (20th percentile to <40th percentile), moderate (40th percentile to <60th percentile), high (60th percentile to <80th percentile), or very high (≥80th percentile) opportunity (COI) or vulnerability (SVI). Results Among 20 677 children, 10 747 (52.0%) were male; 12 463 of 20 105 (62.0%) were White, and 16 036 of 20 333 (78.9%) were non-Hispanic. (Some data for race and ethnicity were missing.) Overall, 29.9% of children in the ECHO program resided in areas with the most advantageous characteristics. For example, at birth, 26.7% of children lived in areas with very high COI, and 25.3% lived in areas with very low SVI; in mid-childhood, 30.6% lived in areas with very high COI and 28.4% lived in areas with very low SVI. Linear mixed-effects models revealed that at every life stage, children who resided in areas with higher COI (vs very low COI) had lower mean BMI trajectories and lower risk of obesity from childhood to adolescence, independent of family sociodemographic and prenatal characteristics. For example, among children with obesity at age 10 years, the risk ratio was 0.21 (95% CI, 0.12-0.34) for very high COI at birth, 0.31 (95% CI, 0.20-0.51) for high COI at birth, 0.46 (95% CI, 0.28-0.74) for moderate COI at birth, and 0.53 (95% CI, 0.32-0.86) for low COI at birth. Similar patterns of findings were observed for children who resided in areas with lower SVI (vs very high SVI). For example, among children with obesity at age 10 years, the risk ratio was 0.17 (95% CI, 0.10-0.30) for very low SVI at birth, 0.20 (95% CI, 0.11-0.35) for low SVI at birth, 0.42 (95% CI, 0.24-0.75) for moderate SVI at birth, and 0.43 (95% CI, 0.24-0.76) for high SVI at birth. For both indices, effect estimates for mean BMI difference and obesity risk were larger at an older age of outcome measurement. In addition, exposure to COI or SVI at birth was associated with the most substantial difference in subsequent mean BMI and risk of obesity compared with exposure at later life stages. Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study, residing in higher-opportunity and lower-vulnerability neighborhoods in early life, especially at birth, was associated with a lower mean BMI trajectory and a lower risk of obesity from childhood to adolescence. Future research should clarify whether initiatives or policies that alter specific components of neighborhood environment would be beneficial in preventing excess weight in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izzuddin M. Aris
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wei Perng
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
| | - Amy M. Padula
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco
| | - Akram Alshawabkeh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Carmen M. Vélez-Vega
- UPR Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico Graduate School of Public Health, San Juan
| | - Judy L. Aschner
- Department of Pediatrics, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Carlos A. Camargo
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Tamara J. Sussman
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Anne L. Dunlop
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Amy J. Elliott
- Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Sioux Falls
| | - Assiamira Ferrara
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland
| | - Yeyi Zhu
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland
| | | | - Anne Marie Singh
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison
| | - Tina Hartert
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Ferdinand Cacho
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Tiffany North-Reid
- Department of Epidemiology, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Barry M. Lester
- Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Nichole R. Kelly
- Department of Counseling Psychology and Human Services, Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene
| | - Jody M. Ganiban
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Su H. Chu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Rebecca C. Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Gwendolyn Norman
- Institute for Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York
| | - Bibiana Restrepo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento
- MIND Institute, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Peter James
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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8
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Zhu Z, Shen J, Zhu Y, Wang L, Qi Q, Wang X, Li C, Andegiorgish AK, Elhoumed M, Cheng Y, Dibley MJ, Zeng L. Head circumference trajectories during the first two years of life and cognitive development, emotional, and behavior problems in adolescence: a cohort study. Eur J Pediatr 2022; 181:3401-3411. [PMID: 35802207 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-022-04554-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The associations of early-life head circumference (HC) with child neurodevelopmental and mental health among generally healthy population remain unclear. We aimed to examine the associations of early-life HC trajectories with cognitive development and emotional and behavioral problems in adolescence and to identify the HC growth-sensitive period. We conducted a prospective, community-based birth cohort study in rural western China, and 745 adolescents aged 10-14 years were followed between June and December 2016. We assessed their HC eight times during the first 2 years of life and their adolescent cognitive, emotional, and behavioral outcomes using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-IV and Youth Self-Report-2001, respectively. We applied group-based trajectory modeling to identify the HC trajectories and conditional growth to derive the HC growth-sensitive periods. We identified five distinct HC trajectories characterized as Start below average-then decrease (7.8% of the sample), Start below average-then increase (6.8%), Start average-then decrease (33%), Consistently average (38%), and Consistently above average (14%). Infants in the trajectory of consistently above average had higher cognitive scores in adolescence compared to those from suboptimal trajectories, with adjusted mean differences ranging from 2.84 to 8.99 points. The conditional gains showed that the HC growth-sensitive period was between 0 and 18 months for child cognition. We found null associations between HC measures and adolescent emotional and behavioral problem scores. CONCLUSION Early-life HC trajectories were associated with adolescent cognitive development. HC may serve as an inexpensive screening tool to monitor child development at risk during the first 18 months, particularly in resource-limited settings. WHAT IS KNOWN • Postnatal head circumference (HC) has been shown to be associated with cognitive development in infants who were born premature and/or fetal growth restriction, while inconsistent associations were reported among generally healthy populations, especially in low- and middle- income countries, challenging its utility in public health practices. WHAT IS NEW • Adolescents in the HC growth trajectory of consistently above average had higher cognitive scores compared to those with other suboptimal trajectories, while null findings were observed for adolescent emotional and behavioral health. • HC may serve as an inexpensive screening tool to monitor child development at risk during the first 18 months of life, particularly in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghai Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xian Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, No.76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xian Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, No.76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingze Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xian Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, No.76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xian Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, No.76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xian Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, No.76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xian Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, No.76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xian Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, No.76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Amanuel Kidane Andegiorgish
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xian Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, No.76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohamed Elhoumed
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xian Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, No.76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
- National Institute of Public Health Research (INRSP), BP. 695, Nouakchott, Mauritania
| | - Yue Cheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety Research, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Michael J Dibley
- The Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lingxia Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xian Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, No.76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Laubach ZM, Holekamp KE, Aris IM, Slopen N, Perng W. Applications of conceptual models from lifecourse epidemiology in ecology and evolutionary biology. Biol Lett 2022; 18:20220194. [PMID: 35855609 PMCID: PMC9297019 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2022.0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In ecology and evolutionary biology (EEB), the study of developmental plasticity seeks to understand ontogenetic processes underlying the phenotypes upon which natural selection acts. A central challenge to this inquiry is ascertaining a causal effect of the exposure on the manifestation of later-life phenotype due to the time elapsed between the two events. The exposure is a potential cause of the outcome-i.e. an environmental stimulus or experience. The later phenotype might be a behaviour, physiological condition, morphology or life-history trait. The latency period between the exposure and outcome complicates causal inference due to the inevitable occurrence of additional events that may affect the relationship of interest. Here, we describe six distinct but non-mutually exclusive conceptual models from the field of lifecourse epidemiology and discuss their applications to EEB research. The models include Critical Period with No Later Modifiers, Critical Period with Later Modifiers, Accumulation of Risk with Independent Risk Exposures, Accumulation of Risk with Risk Clustering, Accumulation of Risk with Chains of Risk and Accumulation of Risk with Trigger Effect. These models, which have been widely used to test causal hypotheses regarding the early origins of adult-onset disease in humans, are directly relevant to research on developmental plasticity in EEB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M. Laubach
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (EEB), University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Mara Hyena Project, Karen, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Kay E. Holekamp
- Mara Hyena Project, Karen, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Izzuddin M. Aris
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Natalie Slopen
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wei Perng
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
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10
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Wu AJ, Aris IM, Rifas-Shiman SL, Oken E, Taveras EM, Chavarro JE, Hivert MF. Associations of midchildhood to early adolescence central adiposity gain with cardiometabolic health in early adolescence. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021; 29:1882-1891. [PMID: 34529343 PMCID: PMC8571062 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the associations of central adiposity gain from midchildhood to early adolescence with cardiometabolic health markers in early adolescence. METHODS A total of 620 participants were studied in Project Viva. In midchildhood (mean age = 7.8 years) and early adolescence (12.9 years), waist circumference and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry-measured visceral adipose tissue, subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue, and trunk fat were obtained. Central adiposity gain was calculated as change per year between visits. Cardiometabolic health markers, including blood pressure, lipids, markers of insulin resistance, inflammation, and adipokines, were collected in early adolescence. RESULTS Greater waist circumference gain was associated with higher log triglycerides (β 0.07 mg/dL; 95% CI: 0.02-0.13), log alanine aminotransferase (0.07 U/L; 95% CI: 0.03-0.12), log high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (0.43 mg/L; 95% CI: 0.28-0.58), and other cardiometabolic markers in early adolescence. Directly measured central adiposity gains were associated with higher systolic blood pressure z score in early adolescence (visceral adipose tissue [0.13 SD units; 95% CI: 0.04-0.23], subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue [0.18 SD units; 95% CI: 0.04-0.31], and trunk fat [0.21 SD units; 95% CI: 0.06-0.36]). These associations were independent of baseline and change in total adiposity from midchildhood to early adolescence. CONCLUSIONS Monitoring central adiposity gain may enable identification and intervention in children vulnerable to developing cardiometabolic health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison J. Wu
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Izzuddin M. Aris
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elsie M. Taveras
- Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jorge E. Chavarro
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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11
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Mattonet K, Nowack-Weyers N, Vogel V, Moser D, Tierling S, Kasper-Sonnenberg M, Wilhelm M, Scherer M, Walter J, Hengstler JG, Schölmerich A, Kumsta R. Prenatal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals is associated with altered DNA methylation in cord blood. Epigenetics 2021; 17:935-952. [PMID: 34529553 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2021.1975917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals can interfere with development, and has been associated with social-cognitive functioning and adverse health outcomes later in life. Exposure-associated changes of DNA methylation (DNAm) patterns have been suggested as a possible mediator of this relationship. This study investigated whether prenatal low-dose exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) is associated with altered DNAm patterns across the genome in a Western urban-industrial population. In 142 mother-infant pairs from the Duisburg Birth Cohort Study, PCBs and PCDD/Fs levels were quantified from maternal blood during late pregnancy and associated with DNAm levels in cord blood using the Illumina EPIC beadchip. The epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) identified 32 significantly differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and eight differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with six congeners of PCB and PCDD in females or males (FDRs < 0.05). DMPs and DMRs mapped to genes involved in neurodevelopment, gene regulation, and immune functioning. Weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) showed 31 co-methylated modules (FDRs < 0.05) associated with one congener of PCDF levels in females. Results of both analytical strategies indicate that prenatal exposure to PCBs and PCDD/Fs is associated with altered DNAm of genes involved in neurodevelopment, gene expression and immune functioning. DNAm and gene expression levels of several of these genes were previously associated with EDC exposure in rodent models. Follow-up studies will clarify whether these epigenetic changes might contribute to the origin for adverse mental and health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Mattonet
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
| | - Nikola Nowack-Weyers
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany.,Department of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
| | - Vanessa Vogel
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
| | - Dirk Moser
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
| | - Sascha Tierling
- Department of Genetics/ Epigenetics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Monika Kasper-Sonnenberg
- Department of Hygiene Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Wilhelm
- Department of Hygiene Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Scherer
- Department of Genetics/ Epigenetics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Research Group Computational Biology, Max-Planck-Institute for Informatics, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jörn Walter
- Department of Genetics/ Epigenetics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jan G Hengstler
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University of Dortmund (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Axel Schölmerich
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
| | - Robert Kumsta
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
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12
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Sanefuji M, Sonoda Y, Ito Y, Ogawa M, Tocan V, Inoue H, Ochiai M, Shimono M, Suga R, Senju A, Honjo S, Kusuhara K, Ohga S. Physical growth and neurodevelopment during the first year of life: a cohort study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:360. [PMID: 34433439 PMCID: PMC8385793 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02815-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between a slower physical growth and poorer neurodevelopment has been established in infants born preterm or small for gestational age. However, this association is inconsistent in term-born infants, and detailed investigations in infancy, when intervention is most beneficial for improving outcomes, are lacking. We therefore examined this association separately by sex during the first year of life in term-born infants. METHODS Using data collected until children reached 12 months old in an ongoing prospective cohort of the Japan Environment and Children's Study, we analyzed 44,264 boys and 42,541 girls with singleton term-birth. The exposure variables were conditional variables that disentangle linear growth from weight gain relative to linear growth, calculated from the length and weight at birth and 4, 7 and 10 months old. Neurodevelopmental delay was identified using the Japanese-translated version of Ages & Stages Questionnaires, third edition. RESULTS A reduced risk of neurodevelopmental delay at 6 months old was observed in children with a higher birth weight (adjusted relative risks [aRRs]: 0.91 and 0.93, 95 % confidence intervals [95 % CIs]: 0.87-0.96 and 0.88-0.98 in boys and girls, respectively) and increased linear growth between 0 and 4 months old (aRRs: 0.85 and 0.87, 95 % CIs: 0.82-0.88 and 0.83-0.91 in boys and girls, respectively). A reduced risk at 12 months was found in children with an increased linear growth between 0 and 4 months (aRRs: 0.92 and 0.90, 95 % CIs: 0.87-0.98 and 0.84-0.96 in boys and girls, respectively), boys with an increased relative weight gain between 0 and 4 months (aRR: 0.90, 95 % CI: 0.84-0.97), and girls with a higher birth weight (aRR: 0.89, 95 % CI: 0.83-0.96). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that a slow physical growth by four months old may be a predictor of neurodevelopmental delay during infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Sanefuji
- Research Center for Environment and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. .,Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Yuri Sonoda
- Research Center for Environment and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Japanese Red Cross Hokkaido College of Nursing, Kitami, Japan
| | - Masanobu Ogawa
- Research Center for Environment and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Vlad Tocan
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hirosuke Inoue
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ochiai
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shimono
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.,Regional Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Reiko Suga
- Regional Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Ayako Senju
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.,Regional Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Satoshi Honjo
- Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Fukuoka National Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koichi Kusuhara
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.,Regional Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Shouichi Ohga
- Research Center for Environment and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Aris IM, Lin PID, Rifas-Shiman SL, Bailey LC, Boone-Heinonen J, Eneli IU, Solomonides AE, Janicke DM, Toh S, Forrest CB, Block JP. Association of Early Antibiotic Exposure With Childhood Body Mass Index Trajectory Milestones. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2116581. [PMID: 34251440 PMCID: PMC8276083 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.16581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Past studies have showed associations between antibiotic exposure and child weight outcomes. Few, however, have documented alterations to body mass index (BMI) (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) trajectory milestone patterns during childhood after early-life antibiotic exposure. OBJECTIVE To examine the association of antibiotic use during the first 48 months of life with BMI trajectory milestones during childhood in a large cohort of children. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This retrospective cohort study used electronic health record data from 26 institutions participating in the National Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2016. Participant inclusion required at least 1 valid set of same-day height and weight measurements at each of the following age periods: 0 to 5, 6 to 11, 12 to 23, 24 to 59, and 60 to 131 months (183 444 children). Data were analyzed from June 1, 2019, to June 30, 2020. EXPOSURES Antibiotic use at 0 to 5, 6 to 11, 12 to 23, 24 to 35, and 36 to 47 months of age. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Age and magnitude of BMI peak and BMI rebound. RESULTS Of 183 444 children in the study (mean age, 3.3 years [range, 0-10.9 years]; 95 228 [51.9%] were boys; 80 043 [43.6%] were White individuals), 78.1% received any antibiotic, 51.0% had at least 1 episode of broad-spectrum antibiotic exposure, and 65.0% had at least 1 episode of narrow-spectrum antibiotic exposure at any time before 48 months of age. Exposure to any antibiotics at 0 to 5 months of age (vs no exposure) was associated with later age (β coefficient, 0.05 months [95% CI, 0.02-0.08 months]) and higher BMI (β coefficient, 0.09 [95% CI, 0.07-0.11]) at peak. Exposure to any antibiotics at 0 to 47 months of age (vs no exposure) was associated with an earlier age (-0.60 months [95% CI, -0.81 to -0.39 months]) and higher BMI at rebound (β coefficient, 0.02 [95% CI, 0.01-0.03]). These associations were strongest for children with at least 4 episodes of antibiotic exposure. Effect estimates for associations with age at BMI rebound were larger for those exposed to antibiotics at 24 to 35 months of age (β coefficient, -0.63 [95% CI, -0.83 to -0.43] months) or 36 to 47 (β coefficient, -0.52 [95% CI, -0.72 to -0.31] months) than for those exposed at 0 to 5 months of age (β coefficient, 0.26 [95% CI, 0.01-0.51] months) or 6 to 11 (β coefficient, 0.00 [95% CI, -0.20 to 0.20] months). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this cohort study, antibiotic exposure was associated with statistically significant, but small, differences in BMI trajectory milestones in infancy and early childhood. The small risk of an altered BMI trajectory milestone pattern associated with early-life antibiotic exposure is unlikely to be a key factor during prescription decisions for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izzuddin M. Aris
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Pi-I D. Lin
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - L. Charles Bailey
- Applied Clinical Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | | | - Ihuoma U. Eneli
- Center for Healthy Weight and Nutrition, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Anthony E. Solomonides
- Center for Biomedical Research Informatics, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois
| | - David M. Janicke
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Sengwee Toh
- Division of Therapeutics Research and Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christopher B. Forrest
- Applied Clinical Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Jason P. Block
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
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14
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Ahmed A, Kramer MS, Bernard JY, Perez Trejo ME, Martin RM, Oken E, Yang S. Early childhood growth trajectory and later cognitive ability: evidence from a large prospective birth cohort of healthy term-born children. Int J Epidemiol 2021; 49:1998-2009. [PMID: 32743654 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyaa105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most studies of associations between child growth and cognitive ability were based on size at one or two ages and a single measure of cognition. We aimed to characterize different aspects of early growth and their associations with cognitive outcomes in childhood through adolescence. METHODS In a sample of 12 368 Belarusian children born at term, we examined associations of length/height and weight trajectories over the first 6.5 years of life with cognitive ability at 6.5 and 16 years and its change over time. We estimated growth trajectories using two random-effects models-the SuperImposition by Translation and Rotation to model overall patterns of growth and the Jenss-Bayley to distinguish growth in infancy from post infancy. Cognitive ability was measured using the Wechsler Abbreviated Scales of Intelligence at 6.5 years and the computerized NeuroTrax test at 16 years. RESULTS Higher length/height between birth and 6.5 years was associated with higher cognitive scores at 6.5 and 16 years {2.7 points [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.1, 3.2] and 2.5 points [95% CI: 1.9, 3.0], respectively, per standard deviation [SD] increase}. A 1-SD delay in the childhood height-growth spurt was negatively associated with cognitive scores [-2.4 (95% CI: -3.0, -1.8) at age 6.5; -2.2 (95% CI: -2.7, -1.6) at 16 years]. Birth size and post-infancy growth velocity were positively associated with cognitive scores at both ages. Height trajectories were not associated with the change in cognitive score. Similar results were observed for weight trajectories. CONCLUSIONS Among term infants, the overall size, timing of the childhood growth spurt, size at birth and post-infancy growth velocity were all associated with cognitive ability at early-school age and adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Ahmed
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael S Kramer
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jonathan Y Bernard
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), Research Team on Early Life Origins of Health, Villejuif, France.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | | | - Richard M Martin
- Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse (CoRAL), Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Seungmi Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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15
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Gallagher D, Andres A, Fields DA, Evans WJ, Kuczmarski R, Lowe WL, Lumeng JC, Oken E, Shepherd JA, Sun S, Heymsfield SB. Body Composition Measurements from Birth through 5 Years: Challenges, Gaps, and Existing & Emerging Technologies-A National Institutes of Health workshop. Obes Rev 2020; 21:e13033. [PMID: 32314544 PMCID: PMC7875319 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Body composition estimates are widely used in clinical research and field studies as measures of energy-nutrient balance, functionality and health. Despite their broad relevance and multiple applications, important gaps remain in techniques available for accurately and precisely quantifying body composition in infants and children from birth through 5 years. Identifying these gaps and highlighting research needs in this age group were the topics of a National Institutes of Health workshop held in Bethesda, MD, USA, 30-31 May 2019. Experts reviewed available methods (multicompartment models, air-displacement plethysmography, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, weight-length and height indices, bioimpedance analysis, anthropometry-skinfold techniques, quantitative magnetic resonance, optical imaging, omics and D3-creatine dilution), their limitations in this age range and high priority research needs. A summary of their individual and collective workshop deliberations is provided in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dympna Gallagher
- New York Obesity Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Dept. of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.,Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Aline Andres
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - David A Fields
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - William J Evans
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Robert Kuczmarski
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - William L Lowe
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Julie C Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John A Shepherd
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Shumei Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Steven B Heymsfield
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
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16
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Jimenez MP, Wellenius GA, James P, Subramanian SV, Buka S, Eaton C, Gilman SE, Loucks EB. Associations of types of green space across the life-course with blood pressure and body mass index. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 185:109411. [PMID: 32240843 PMCID: PMC9993347 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Green space has been associated with better health and well-being. However, most studies have been cross-sectional with limited long-term exposure data. Further, research is limited in what type of green space is beneficial for health. We conducted a longitudinal study to assess sensitive periods (birth, childhood or adulthood) of exposure to different types of green space in association with adult blood pressure and body mass index (BMI). Using longitudinal data from the New England Family Study (1960-2000) and multilevel regression analysis, we examined associations between time-varying markers of residential exposure to green space, and adult BMI, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (N = 517). We created three exposure metrics: distance, average area, and green space count in the neighborhood throughout the life-course. In adjusted models, living one mile farther away from a green space at birth was associated with a 5.6 mmHg higher adult SBP (95%CI: 0.7, 10.5), and 3.5 mmHg higher DBP (95%CI: 0.3, 6.8). One more green space in the neighborhood at birth was also associated with lower DBP (-0.2 mmHg, 95%CI: -0.4, -0.02) in adulthood. Finally, average area of green space was not associated with SBP, DBP nor BMI. Analysis by type of green space suggested that parks may be more relevant than playgrounds, cemeteries or golf courses. Our study suggests that the perinatal period may be a critical time-period where living closer to green spaces may lower hypertension risk in adulthood, but not obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia P Jimenez
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Gregory A Wellenius
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Peter James
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S V Subramanian
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H, Chan School of Public Health, USA
| | - Stephen Buka
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Charles Eaton
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Family Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Stephen E Gilman
- Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD. Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eric B Loucks
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
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17
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Zhang X, Martin RM, Oken E, Aris IM, Yang S, Kramer MS. Growth During Infancy and Early Childhood and Its Association With Metabolic Risk Biomarkers at 11.5 Years of Age. Am J Epidemiol 2020; 189:286-293. [PMID: 31595955 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwz234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The evidence that fetal life and early infancy are "critical" or "sensitive" ages for later development of cardiometabolic disease is based on flawed methods for comparing different age periods. Moreover, most previous studies have limited their focus to weight gain, rather than growth in length/height or body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)2). We undertook a secondary analysis of data from the Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial (1996-2010), a birth cohort study nested within a large cluster-randomized trial in the Republic of Belarus, that had repeated measurements of weight and length/height taken from birth to 11.5 years of age. We used mixed-effects linear models to analyze associations of changes in standardized weight, length/height, and body mass index during 5 age periods (conception to birth, birth to age 3 months, ages 3-12 months, ages 12 months-6.5 years, and ages 6.5-11.5 years) with fasting glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, β-cell function, and adiponectin at age 11.5 years. We observed strong associations between the metabolic markers and all 3 growth measures, with the largest magnitudes being observed during the latest age period (ages 6.5-11.5 years) and negligible associations during gestation and the first year of life. Later age periods appear more "sensitive" than earlier periods to the adverse metabolic association with rapid growth in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Richard M Martin
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Emily Oken
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Izzuddin M Aris
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Seungmi Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael S Kramer
- Author affiliations: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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18
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Sapir-Pichhadze R, Zhang X, Ferradji A, Madbouly A, Tinckam KJ, Gebel HM, Blum D, Marrari M, Kim SJ, Fingerson S, Bashyal P, Cardinal H, Foster BJ. Epitopes as characterized by antibody-verified eplet mismatches determine risk of kidney transplant loss. Kidney Int 2019; 97:778-785. [PMID: 32059998 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
To optimize strategies that mitigate the risk of graft loss associated with HLA incompatibility, we evaluated whether sequence defined HLA targets (eplets) that result in donor-specific antibodies are associated with transplant outcomes. To define this, we fit multivariable Cox proportional hazard models in a cohort of 118 382 United States first kidney transplant recipients to assess risk of death-censored graft failure by increments of ten antibody-verified eplet mismatches. To verify robustness of our findings, we conducted sensitivity analysis in this United States cohort and assessed the role of antibody-verified eplet mismatches as autonomous predictors of transplant glomerulopathy in an independent Canadian cohort. Antibody-verified eplet mismatches were found to be independent predictors of death-censored graft failure with hazard ratios of 1.231 [95% confidence interval 1.195, 1. 268], 1.268 [1.231, 1.305] and 1.411 [1.331, 1.495] for Class I (HLA-A, B, and C), -DRB1 and -DQB1 loci, respectively. To address linkage disequilibrium between HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1, we fit models in a subcohort without HLA-DQB1 eplet mismatches and found hazard ratios for death-censored graft failure of 1.384 [1.293, 1.480] for each additional antibody-verified HLA-DRB1 eplet mismatch. In a subcohort without HLA-DRB1 mismatches, the hazard ratio was 1.384 [1.072, 1.791] for each additional HLA-DQB1 mismatch. In the Canadian cohort, antibody-verified eplet mismatches were independent predictors of transplant glomerulopathy with hazard ratios of 5.511 [1.442, 21.080] for HLA-DRB1 and 3.640 [1.574, 8.416] for -DRB1/3/4/5. Thus, donor-recipient matching for specific HLA eplets appears to be a feasible and clinically justifiable strategy to mitigate risk of graft loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Sapir-Pichhadze
- Division of Nephrology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; The Multi Organ Transplant Program, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Xun Zhang
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Abdelhakim Ferradji
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Abeer Madbouly
- Bioinformatics Research, Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kathryn J Tinckam
- Division of Nephrology, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; The Kidney Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Howard M Gebel
- Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Daniel Blum
- Division of Nephrology, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marilyn Marrari
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - S Joseph Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; The Kidney Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephanie Fingerson
- Bioinformatics Research, Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Pradeep Bashyal
- Bioinformatics Research, Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Bethany J Foster
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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19
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Eny KM, Maguire JL, Dai DWH, Lebovic G, Adeli K, Hamilton JK, Hanley AJ, Mamdani M, McCrindle BW, Tremblay MS, Parkin PC, Birken CS. Association of accelerated body mass index gain with repeated measures of blood pressure in early childhood. Int J Obes (Lond) 2019; 43:1354-1362. [PMID: 30940913 PMCID: PMC6760600 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-019-0345-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background/objectives We examined the association for rates of age- and sex-standardized body mass index (zBMI) gain between 0–3, 3–18, and 18–36 months with BP in children at 36–72 months of age. Methods We collected repeated measures of zBMI and BP in 2502 children. zBMI was calculated using the World Health Organization standards. Each child’s zBMI at birth and rates of zBMI gain in each period from birth to 36 months were estimated using linear spline multilevel models. Generalized estimating equations were used to determine whether zBMI at birth and zBMI gain between 0–3, 3–18, and 18–36 months were each associated with repeated measures of BP at 36–72 months of age. We sequentially conditioned on zBMI at birth and zBMI gain in each period prior to each period tested, as covariates, and adjusted for important socio-demographic, familial, and study design covariates. We examined whether these associations were modified by birthweight or maternal obesity, by including interaction terms. Results After adjusting for all covariates and conditioning on prior zBMI gains, a 1 standard deviation unit faster rate of zBMI gain during 0–3 months, (β = 0.59 mmHg; 95% CI 0.31, 0.86) and 3–18 months (β = 0.74 mmHg; 95% CI 0.46, 1.03) were each associated with higher systolic BP at 36–72 months. No significant associations were observed, however, for zBMI at birth or zBMI gain in the 18–36 month growth period. zBMI gains from 0–3 and 3–18 months were also associated with diastolic BP. Birthweight significantly modified the relationship during the 3–18 month period (p = 0.02), with the low birthweight group exhibiting the strongest association for faster rate of zBMI gain with higher systolic BP (β = 1.31 mmHg; 95% CI 0.14, 2.48). Conclusions Given that long-term exposure to small elevations in BP are associated with subclinical cardiovascular disease, promoting interventions targeting healthy growth in infancy may be important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Eny
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jonathon L Maguire
- Applied Health Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - David W H Dai
- Applied Health Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gerald Lebovic
- Applied Health Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Khosrow Adeli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jill K Hamilton
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Endocrinology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Anthony J Hanley
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Muhammad Mamdani
- Li Ka Shing Centre for Healthcare Analytics Research and Training, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Brian W McCrindle
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Preventative Cardiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Patricia C Parkin
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Catherine S Birken
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada. .,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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20
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Aris IM, Rifas-Shiman SL, Li LJ, Kleinman KP, Coull BA, Gold DR, Hivert MF, Kramer MS, Oken E. Patterns of body mass index milestones in early life and cardiometabolic risk in early adolescence. Int J Epidemiol 2019; 48:157-167. [PMID: 30624710 PMCID: PMC6380298 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyy286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have examined the independent and combined relationships of body mass index (BMI) peak and rebound with adiposity, insulin resistance and metabolic risk later in life. We used data from Project Viva, a well-characterized birth cohort from Boston with repeated measures of BMI, to help fill this gap. METHODS Among 1681 children with BMI data from birth to mid childhood, we fitted individual BMI trajectories using mixed-effects models with natural cubic splines and estimated age, and magnitude of BMI, at peak (in infancy) and rebound (in early childhood). We obtained cardiometabolic measures of the children in early adolescence (median 12.9 years) and analysed their associations with the BMI parameters. RESULTS After adjusting for potential confounders, age and magnitude at infancy BMI peak were associated with greater adolescent adiposity, and earlier adiposity rebound was strongly associated with greater adiposity, insulin resistance and metabolic risk score independently of BMI peak. Children with a normal timing of BMI peak plus early rebound had an adverse cardiometabolic profile, characterized by higher fat mass index {β 2.2 kg/m2 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6, 2.9]}, trunk fat mass index [1.1 kg/m2 (0.8, 1.5)], insulin resistance [0.2 units (0.04, 0.4)] and metabolic risk score [0.4 units (0.2, 0.5)] compared with children with a normal BMI peak and a normal rebound pattern. Children without a BMI peak (no decline in BMI after the rise in infancy) also had adverse adolescent metabolic profiles. CONCLUSIONS Early age at BMI rebound is a strong risk factor for cardiometabolic risk, independent of BMI peak. Children with a normal peak-early rebound pattern, or without any BMI decline following infancy, are at greatest risk of adverse cardiometabolic profile in adolescence. Routine monitoring of BMI may help to identify children who are at greatest risk of developing an adverse cardiometabolic profile in later life and who may be targeted for preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izzuddin M Aris
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ling-Jun Li
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ken P Kleinman
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Diane R Gold
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael S Kramer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Departments of Pediatrics
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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