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Wang W, Yuan L, Zhou J, Zhu X, Liao Z, Yin L, Li W, Jiang HS. Inorganic carbon utilization: A target of silver nanoparticle toxicity on a submerged macrophyte. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 318:120906. [PMID: 36549447 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Submerged macrophytes play an important role in the global carbon cycle through diversified pathways of inorganic carbon (Ci) utilization distinct from terrestrial plants. However, the effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), an emerging contaminant, were unknown on the Ci utilization of submerged macrophytes. In Ottelia alismoides, the only known submerged macrophyte with three pathways of Ci utilization, before absorption, AgNPs inhibited the external carbonic anhydrase activity thus reducing the capacity of the plant to use HCO3-. After entering the plant, AgNPs mainly aggregated at the cell wall and in the chloroplast. The internalized AgNPs inhibited ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (Rubisco) activity blocking CO2 fixation and disturbed C4 and crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) by inhibiting phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), pyruvate phosphate dikinase (PPDK), and NAD-dependent malic enzyme (NAD-ME) activities to alter intracellular malate biosynthesis and decarboxylation. Overall, our findings indicate that the Ci utilization of the submerged macrophyte is a target of AgNPs toxicity that might affect the carbon cycle in aquatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanwan Wang
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Longyi Yuan
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Jingzhe Zhou
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xi Zhu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, HaiKou, 570228, China
| | - Zuying Liao
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Liyan Yin
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, HaiKou, 570228, China
| | - Wei Li
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hong Sheng Jiang
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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2
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Oh ZG, Askey B, Gunn LH. Red Rubiscos and opportunities for engineering green plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:520-542. [PMID: 36055563 PMCID: PMC9833100 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nature's vital, but notoriously inefficient, CO2-fixing enzyme Rubisco often limits the growth of photosynthetic organisms including crop species. Form I Rubiscos comprise eight catalytic large subunits and eight auxiliary small subunits and can be classified into two distinct lineages-'red' and 'green'. While red-type Rubiscos (Form IC and ID) are found in rhodophytes, their secondary symbionts, and certain proteobacteria, green-type Rubiscos (Form IA and IB) exist in terrestrial plants, chlorophytes, cyanobacteria, and other proteobacteria. Eukaryotic red-type Rubiscos exhibit desirable kinetic properties, namely high specificity and high catalytic efficiency, with certain isoforms outperforming green-type Rubiscos. However, it is not yet possible to functionally express a high-performing red-type Rubisco in chloroplasts to boost photosynthetic carbon assimilation in green plants. Understanding the molecular and evolutionary basis for divergence between red- and green-type Rubiscos could help us to harness the superior CO2-fixing power of red-type Rubiscos. Here we review our current understanding about red-type Rubisco distribution, biogenesis, and sequence-structure, and present opportunities and challenges for utilizing red-type Rubisco kinetics towards crop improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Guo Oh
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Bryce Askey
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Regulation of Calvin-Benson cycle enzymes under high temperature stress. ABIOTECH 2022; 3:65-77. [PMID: 36311539 PMCID: PMC9590453 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-022-00068-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The Calvin-Benson cycle (CBC) consists of three critical processes, including fixation of CO2 by Rubisco, reduction of 3-phosphoglycerate (3PGA) to triose phosphate (triose-P) with NADPH and ATP generated by the light reactions, and regeneration of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) from triose-P. The activities of photosynthesis-related proteins, mainly from the CBC, were found more significantly affected and regulated in plants challenged with high temperature stress, including Rubisco, Rubisco activase (RCA) and the enzymes involved in RuBP regeneration, such as sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (SBPase). Over the past years, the regulatory mechanism of CBC, especially for redox-regulation, has attracted major interest, because balancing flux at the various enzymatic reactions and maintaining metabolite levels in a range are of critical importance for the optimal operation of CBC under high temperature stress, providing insights into the genetic manipulation of photosynthesis. Here, we summarize recent progress regarding the identification of various layers of regulation point to the key enzymes of CBC for acclimation to environmental temperature changes along with open questions are also discussed.
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Doron S, Lampl N, Savidor A, Katina C, Gabashvili A, Levin Y, Rosenwasser S. SPEAR: A proteomics approach for simultaneous protein expression and redox analysis. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 176:366-377. [PMID: 34619326 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation and reduction of protein cysteinyl thiols serve as molecular switches, which is considered the most central mechanism for redox regulation of biological processes, altering protein structure, biochemical activity, subcellular localization, and binding affinity. Redox proteomics allows global identification of redox-modified cysteine (Cys) sites and quantification of their reversible oxidation/reduction responses, serving as a hypothesis-generating platform to stimulate redox biology mechanistic research. Here, we developed Simultaneous Protein Expression and Redox (SPEAR) analysis, a new redox-proteomics approach based on differential labeling of reversibly oxidized and reduced cysteines with light and heavy isotopic forms of commercially available isotopically-labeled N-ethylmaleimide (NEM). The presented method does not require enrichment for labeled peptides, thus enabling simultaneous quantification of Cys reversible oxidation state and protein abundance. Using SPEAR, we were able to quantify the in-vivo reversible oxidation state of thousands of cysteines across the Arabidopsis proteome under steady-state and oxidative stress conditions. Functional assignment of the identified redox-sensitive proteins demonstrated the widespread effect of oxidative conditions on various cellular functions and highlighted the enrichment of chloroplastic proteins. SPEAR provides a simple, straightforward, and cost-effective means of studying redox proteome dynamics. The presented data provide a global quantitative view of the reversible oxidation of well-known redox-regulated active sites and many novel redox-sensitive sites whose role in plant acclimation to stress conditions remains to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shani Doron
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610000, Israel
| | - Nardy Lampl
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610000, Israel
| | - Alon Savidor
- de Botton Institute for Protein Profiling, The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Corine Katina
- de Botton Institute for Protein Profiling, The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alexandra Gabashvili
- de Botton Institute for Protein Profiling, The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yishai Levin
- de Botton Institute for Protein Profiling, The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Shilo Rosenwasser
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610000, Israel.
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Insights into the Structure of Rubisco from Dinoflagellates-In Silico Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168524. [PMID: 34445230 PMCID: PMC8395205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) is one of the best studied enzymes. It is crucial for photosynthesis, and thus for all of biosphere’s productivity. There are four isoforms of this enzyme, differing by amino acid sequence composition and quaternary structure. However, there is still a group of organisms, dinoflagellates, single-cell eukaryotes, that are confirmed to possess Rubisco, but no successful purification of the enzyme of such origin, and hence a generation of a crystal structure was reported to date. Here, we are using in silico tools to generate the possible structure of Rubisco from a dinoflagellate representative, Symbiodinium sp. We selected two templates: Rubisco from Rhodospirillum rubrum and Rhodopseudomonas palustris. Both enzymes are the so-called form II Rubiscos, but the first is exclusively a homodimer, while the second one forms homo-hexamers. Obtained models show no differences in amino acids crucial for Rubisco activity. The variation was found at two closely located inserts in the C-terminal domain, of which one extends a helix and the other forms a loop. These inserts most probably do not play a direct role in the enzyme’s activity, but may be responsible for interaction with an unknown protein partner, possibly a regulator or a chaperone. Analysis of the possible oligomerization interface indicated that Symbiodinium sp. Rubisco most likely forms a trimer of homodimers, not just a homodimer. This hypothesis was empowered by calculation of binding energies. Additionally, we found that the protein of study is significantly richer in cysteine residues, which may be the cause for its activity loss shortly after cell lysis. Furthermore, we evaluated the influence of the loop insert, identified exclusively in the Symbiodinium sp. protein, on the functionality of the recombinantly expressed R. rubrum Rubisco. All these findings shed new light onto dinoflagellate Rubisco and may help in future obtainment of a native, active enzyme.
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Yu J, Li Y, Qin Z, Guo S, Li Y, Miao Y, Song C, Chen S, Dai S. Plant Chloroplast Stress Response: Insights from Thiol Redox Proteomics. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:35-57. [PMID: 31989831 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Plant chloroplasts generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) during photosynthesis, especially under stresses. The sulfhydryl groups of protein cysteine residues are susceptible to redox modifications, which regulate protein structure and function, and thus different signaling and metabolic processes. The ROS-governed protein thiol redox switches play important roles in chloroplasts. Recent Advances: Various high-throughput thiol redox proteomic approaches have been developed, and they have enabled the improved understanding of redox regulatory mechanisms in chloroplasts. For example, the thioredoxin-modulated antioxidant enzymes help to maintain cellular ROS homeostasis. The light- and dark-dependent redox regulation of photosynthetic electron transport, the Calvin/Benson cycle, and starch biosynthesis ensures metabolic coordination and efficient energy utilization. In addition, redox cascades link the light with the dynamic changes of metabolites in nitrate and sulfur assimilation, shikimate pathway, and biosynthesis of fatty acid hormone as well as purine, pyrimidine, and thiamine. Importantly, redox regulation of tetrapyrrole and chlorophyll biosynthesis is critical to balance the photodynamic tetrapyrrole intermediates and prevent oxidative damage. Moreover, redox regulation of diverse elongation factors, chaperones, and kinases plays an important role in the modulation of gene expression, protein conformation, and posttranslational modification that contribute to photosystem II (PSII) repair, state transition, and signaling in chloroplasts. Critical Issues: This review focuses on recent advances in plant thiol redox proteomics and redox protein networks toward understanding plant chloroplast signaling, metabolism, and stress responses. Future Directions: Using redox proteomics integrated with biochemical and molecular genetic approaches, detailed studies of cysteine residues, their redox states, cross talk with other modifications, and the functional implications will yield a holistic understanding of chloroplast stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Yu
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.,College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhi Qin
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyi Guo
- Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Department of Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yongfang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yuchen Miao
- Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Department of Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Chunpeng Song
- Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Department of Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Sixue Chen
- Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Shaojun Dai
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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Tominaga J, Takahashi S, Sakamoto A, Shimada H. Arabidopsis BSD2 reveals a novel redox regulation of Rubisco physiology in vivo. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2020; 15:1740873. [PMID: 32233721 PMCID: PMC7194379 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1740873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plants need light energy to drive photosynthesis, but excess energy leads to the production of harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in oxidative inactivation of target enzymes, including the photosynthetic CO2-fixing enzyme, ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco). It has been demonstrated in vitro that oxidatively inactivated Rubisco can be reactivated by the addition of reducing agents. Busch et al. (in The Plant Journal, doi: 10.1111/tpj.14617, 2020) recently demonstrated that bundle-sheath defective 2 (BSD2), a stroma-targeted protein formerly known as a late-assembly chaperone for Rubisco biosynthesis, can be responsible for such reactivation in vivo. Here, we propose a working model of the novel redox regulation in Rubisco activity. Redox of Rubisco may be a new target for improving photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tominaga
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shunichi Takahashi
- Division of Environmental Photobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shimada
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
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Busch FA, Tominaga J, Muroya M, Shirakami N, Takahashi S, Yamori W, Kitaoka T, Milward SE, Nishimura K, Matsunami E, Toda Y, Higuchi C, Muranaka A, Takami T, Watanabe S, Kinoshita T, Sakamoto W, Sakamoto A, Shimada H. Overexpression of BUNDLE SHEATH DEFECTIVE 2 improves the efficiency of photosynthesis and growth in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 102:129-137. [PMID: 31755157 PMCID: PMC7217058 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Bundle Sheath Defective 2, BSD2, is a stroma-targeted protein initially identified as a factor required for the biogenesis of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) in maize. Plants and algae universally have a homologous gene for BSD2 and its deficiency causes a RuBisCO-less phenotype. As RuBisCO can be the rate-limiting step in CO2 assimilation, the overexpression of BSD2 might improve photosynthesis and productivity through the accumulation of RuBisCO. To examine this hypothesis, we produced BSD2 overexpression lines in Arabidopsis. Compared with wild type, the BSD2 overexpression lines BSD2ox-2 and BSD2ox-3 expressed 4.8-fold and 8.8-fold higher BSD2 mRNA, respectively, whereas the empty-vector (EV) harbouring plants had a comparable expression level. The overexpression lines showed a significantly higher CO2 assimilation rate per available CO2 and productivity than EV plants. The maximum carboxylation rate per total catalytic site was accelerated in the overexpression lines, while the number of total catalytic sites and RuBisCO content were unaffected. We then isolated recombinant BSD2 (rBSD2) from E. coli and found that rBSD2 reduces disulfide bonds using reductants present in vivo, for example glutathione, and that rBSD2 has the ability to reactivate RuBisCO that has been inactivated by oxidants. Furthermore, 15% of RuBisCO freshly isolated from leaves of EV was oxidatively inactivated, as compared with 0% in BSD2-overexpression lines, suggesting that the overexpression of BSD2 maintains RuBisCO to be in the reduced active form in vivo. Our results demonstrated that the overexpression of BSD2 improves photosynthetic efficiency in Arabidopsis and we conclude that it is involved in mediating RuBisCO activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian A. Busch
- Research School of BiologyAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralian Capital Territory2601Australia
| | - Jun Tominaga
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for LifeHiroshima University1‐3‐1 KagamiyamaHigashi‐Hiroshima739‐8526Japan
| | - Masato Muroya
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for LifeHiroshima University1‐3‐1 KagamiyamaHigashi‐Hiroshima739‐8526Japan
| | - Norihiko Shirakami
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for LifeHiroshima University1‐3‐1 KagamiyamaHigashi‐Hiroshima739‐8526Japan
| | - Shunichi Takahashi
- Research School of BiologyAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralian Capital Territory2601Australia
- Present address:
Division of Environmental PhotobiologyNational Institute for Basic BiologyOkazaki444‐8585Japan
| | - Wataru Yamori
- Graduate School of ScienceUniversity of TokyoBunkyo‐kuTokyo113‐0033Japan
| | - Takuya Kitaoka
- Division of Biological ScienceGraduate School of ScienceNagoya UniversityChikusaNagoya464‐8602Japan
| | - Sara E. Milward
- Research School of BiologyAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralian Capital Territory2601Australia
| | - Kohji Nishimura
- Department of Molecular and Functional GenomicsInterdisciplinary Center for Science ResearchOrganization of ResearchShimane UniversityNishikawatsu 1060Matsue690‐8504Japan
| | - Erika Matsunami
- Department of Molecular and Functional GenomicsInterdisciplinary Center for Science ResearchOrganization of ResearchShimane UniversityNishikawatsu 1060Matsue690‐8504Japan
| | - Yosuke Toda
- Graduate School of ScienceUniversity of TokyoBunkyo‐kuTokyo113‐0033Japan
| | - Chikako Higuchi
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for LifeHiroshima University1‐3‐1 KagamiyamaHigashi‐Hiroshima739‐8526Japan
| | - Atsuko Muranaka
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for LifeHiroshima University1‐3‐1 KagamiyamaHigashi‐Hiroshima739‐8526Japan
| | - Tsuneaki Takami
- Institute of Plant Science and ResourcesOkayama UniversityKurashikiOkayama710‐0046Japan
| | - Shunsuke Watanabe
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for LifeHiroshima University1‐3‐1 KagamiyamaHigashi‐Hiroshima739‐8526Japan
- Present address:
RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceSuehiro‐cho, 1‐7‐22, Tsurumi‐kuYokohamaKanagawa230‐0045Japan
| | - Toshinori Kinoshita
- Division of Biological ScienceGraduate School of ScienceNagoya UniversityChikusaNagoya464‐8602Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio‐Molecules (WPI‐ITbM)Nagoya UniversityChikusaNagoya464‐8602Japan
| | - Wataru Sakamoto
- Institute of Plant Science and ResourcesOkayama UniversityKurashikiOkayama710‐0046Japan
| | - Atsushi Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for LifeHiroshima University1‐3‐1 KagamiyamaHigashi‐Hiroshima739‐8526Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shimada
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for LifeHiroshima University1‐3‐1 KagamiyamaHigashi‐Hiroshima739‐8526Japan
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Majeran W, Wostrikoff K, Wollman FA, Vallon O. Role of ClpP in the Biogenesis and Degradation of RuBisCO and ATP Synthase in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E191. [PMID: 31248038 PMCID: PMC6681370 DOI: 10.3390/plants8070191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) associates a chloroplast- and a nucleus-encoded subunit (LSU and SSU). It constitutes the major entry point of inorganic carbon into the biosphere as it catalyzes photosynthetic CO2 fixation. Its abundance and richness in sulfur-containing amino acids make it a prime source of N and S during nutrient starvation, when photosynthesis is downregulated and a high RuBisCO level is no longer needed. Here we show that translational attenuation of ClpP1 in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii results in retarded degradation of RuBisCO during S- and N-starvation, suggesting that the Clp protease is a major effector of RubisCO degradation in these conditions. Furthermore, we show that ClpP cannot be attenuated in the context of rbcL point mutations that prevent LSU folding. The mutant LSU remains in interaction with the chloroplast chaperonin complex. We propose that degradation of the mutant LSU by the Clp protease is necessary to prevent poisoning of the chaperonin. In the total absence of LSU, attenuation of ClpP leads to a dramatic stabilization of unassembled SSU, indicating that Clp is responsible for its degradation. In contrast, attenuation of ClpP in the absence of SSU does not lead to overaccumulation of LSU, whose translation is controlled by assembly. Altogether, these results point to RuBisCO degradation as one of the major house-keeping functions of the essential Clp protease. In addition, we show that non-assembled subunits of the ATP synthase are also stabilized when ClpP is attenuated. In the case of the atpA-FUD16 mutation, this can even allow the assembly of a small amount of CF1, which partially restores phototrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Majeran
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, Université Paris-Diderot, Université Paris-Sud, INRA, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Rue de Noetzlin, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Katia Wostrikoff
- UMR7141 CNRS/Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Francis-André Wollman
- UMR7141 CNRS/Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Olivier Vallon
- UMR7141 CNRS/Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France.
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Sivaram AK, Subashchandrabose SR, Logeshwaran P, Lockington R, Naidu R, Megharaj M. Metabolomics reveals defensive mechanisms adapted by maize on exposure to high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 214:771-780. [PMID: 30296765 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are an important group of persistent organic pollutants. Using plants to remediate PAHs has been recognized as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly technique. However, the overall impact of PAHs on the regulation of plant metabolism has not yet been explored. In this study, we analyzed the alteration in the maize (Zea mays L.) metabolome on exposure to high molecular weight PAHs such as benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and pyrene (PYR) in a hydroponic medium, individually and as a mixture (BaP + PYR) using GC-MS. The differences in the metabolites were analyzed using XCMS (an acronym for various forms (X) of chromatography-mass spectrometry), an online-based data analysis tool. A significant variation in metabolites was observed between treatment groups and the unspiked control group. The univariate, multivariate and pathway impact analysis showed there were more significant alterations in metabolic profiles between individual PAHs and the mixture of BaP and PYR. The marked changes in the metabolites of galactose metabolism and aminoacyl tRNA biosynthesis in PAHs treated maize leaves exhibit the adaptive defensive mechanisms for individual and PAHs mixture. Therefore, the metabolomics approach is essential for an understanding of the complex biochemical responses of plants to PAHs contaminants. This knowledge will shed new light in the field of phytoremediation, bio-monitoring, and environmental risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anithadevi Kenday Sivaram
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation (CERAR), University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environments, ATC Building, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Suresh Ramraj Subashchandrabose
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation (CERAR), University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environments, ATC Building, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Panneerselvan Logeshwaran
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation (CERAR), University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environments, ATC Building, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Robin Lockington
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation (CERAR), University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environments, ATC Building, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation (CERAR), University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environments, ATC Building, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation (CERAR), University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environments, ATC Building, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
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11
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Zhong M, Wang Y, Hou K, Shu S, Sun J, Guo S. TGase positively regulates photosynthesis via activation of Calvin cycle enzymes in tomato. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2019; 6:92. [PMID: 31645950 PMCID: PMC6804539 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-019-0173-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Transglutaminases (TGases), which are widespread cross-linking enzymes in plants, play key roles in photosynthesis and abiotic/biotic stress responses; however, evidence concerning the genetics underlying how TGase improves the capability of photosynthesis and the mechanism of TGase-mediated photosynthesis are not clear in this crop species. In this study, we clarified the function of TGase in the regulation of photosynthesis in tomato by comparing wild-type (WT) plants, tgase mutants generated by the CRISPR/Cas9 system and TGase-overexpressing (TGaseOE) plants. Our results showed that increasing the transcript level of TGase resulted in an enhanced net photosynthetic rate (Pn), whereas the tgase mutants presented significantly inhibited Pns and CO2 assimilation compared with the WT. Although the total RuBisCO activity was not affected by TGase, the initial and activation status of RuBisCO and the activity of RuBisCO activase (RCA) and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) in TGaseOE plants were significantly higher than that in WT plants. Except for RuBisCO small subunit (RbcS), the transcription levels of Benson-Calvin cycle-related genes were positively related to the endogenous TGase activity. Furthermore, TGaseOE plants had higher protein levels of RuBisCO large subunit (RbcL) and RCA than did WT plants and showed a reduced redox status by enhancing the activity of dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and glutathione reductase (GR), which was compromised in TGase-deficient plants. Overall, TGase positively regulated photosynthesis by maintaining the activation states of the Benson-Calvin cycle and inducing changes in cellular redox homeostasis in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Shu
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
- Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 223800 Suqian, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
- Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 223800 Suqian, China
| | - Shirong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
- Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 223800 Suqian, China
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12
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Valegård K, Andralojc PJ, Haslam RP, Pearce FG, Eriksen GK, Madgwick PJ, Kristoffersen AK, van Lun M, Klein U, Eilertsen HC, Parry MAJ, Andersson I. Structural and functional analyses of Rubisco from arctic diatom species reveal unusual posttranslational modifications. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:13033-13043. [PMID: 29925588 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The catalytic performance of the major CO2-assimilating enzyme, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), restricts photosynthetic productivity. Natural diversity in the catalytic properties of Rubisco indicates possibilities for improvement. Oceanic phytoplankton contain some of the most efficient Rubisco enzymes, and diatoms in particular are responsible for a significant proportion of total marine primary production as well as being a major source of CO2 sequestration in polar cold waters. Until now, the biochemical properties and three-dimensional structures of Rubisco from diatoms were unknown. Here, diatoms from arctic waters were collected, cultivated, and analyzed for their CO2-fixing capability. We characterized the kinetic properties of five and determined the crystal structures of four Rubiscos selected for their high CO2-fixing efficiency. The DNA sequences of the rbcL and rbcS genes of the selected diatoms were similar, reflecting their close phylogenetic relationship. The Vmax and Km for the oxygenase and carboxylase activities at 25 °C and the specificity factors (Sc/o) at 15, 25, and 35 °C were determined. The Sc/o values were high, approaching those of mono- and dicot plants, thus exhibiting good selectivity for CO2 relative to O2 Structurally, diatom Rubiscos belong to form I C/D, containing small subunits characterized by a short βA-βB loop and a C-terminal extension that forms a β-hairpin structure (βE-βF loop). Of note, the diatom Rubiscos featured a number of posttranslational modifications of the large subunit, including 4-hydroxyproline, β-hydroxyleucine, hydroxylated and nitrosylated cysteine, mono- and dihydroxylated lysine, and trimethylated lysine. Our studies suggest adaptation toward achieving efficient CO2 fixation in arctic diatom Rubiscos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Valegård
- From the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Box 596, S-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - P John Andralojc
- Department of Plant Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Richard P Haslam
- Department of Plant Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
| | - F Grant Pearce
- From the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Box 596, S-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gunilla K Eriksen
- the Norwegian College of Fisheries Science, Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway, and
| | - Pippa J Madgwick
- Department of Plant Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Anne K Kristoffersen
- the Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066, Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Michiel van Lun
- From the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Box 596, S-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Uwe Klein
- the Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066, Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Hans C Eilertsen
- the Norwegian College of Fisheries Science, Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway, and
| | - Martin A J Parry
- Department of Plant Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Inger Andersson
- From the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Box 596, S-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden,
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13
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Tominaga J, Nakahara Y, Horikawa D, Tanaka A, Kondo M, Kamei Y, Takami T, Sakamoto W, Unno K, Sakamoto A, Shimada H. Overexpression of the protein disulfide isomerase AtCYO1 in chloroplasts slows dark-induced senescence in Arabidopsis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:80. [PMID: 29728061 PMCID: PMC5935949 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1294-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlorophyll breakdown is the most obvious sign of leaf senescence. The chlorophyll catabolism pathway and the associated proteins/genes have been identified in considerable detail by genetic approaches combined with stay-green phenotyping. Arabidopsis CYO1 (AtCYO1), a protein disulfide reductase/isomerase localized in the thylakoid membrane, is hypothesized to assemble the photosystem by interacting with cysteine residues of the subunits. RESULTS In this study, we report that ectopic overexpression of AtCYO1 in leaves induces a stay-green phenotype during darkness, where oxidative conditions favor catabolism. In AtCYO1ox leaves, Fv/Fm and both chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content remained high during dark-induced senescence. The thylakoid ultrastructure was preserved for a longer time in AtCYO1ox leaves than in wild type leaves. AtCYO1ox leaves maintained thylakoid chlorophyll-binding proteins associated with both PSII (D1, D2, CP43, CP47, LHCB2, and Cyt f) and PSI (PSA-A/B), as well as stromal proteins (Rubisco and ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase). AtCYO1ox did not affect senescence-inducible gene expression for chlorophyll catabolism or accumulation of chlorophyll catabolites. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that ectopic overexpression of AtCYO1 had a negative impact on the initiation of chlorophyll degradation and proteolysis within chloroplasts. Our findings cast new light on the redox regulation of protein disulfide bonds for the maintenance of functional chloroplasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tominaga
- Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526 Japan
| | - Yasutoshi Nakahara
- Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526 Japan
| | - Daisuke Horikawa
- Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526 Japan
| | - Ayumi Tanaka
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, N19 W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0819 Japan
| | - Maki Kondo
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kamei
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585 Japan
| | - Tsuneaki Takami
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-0046 Japan
| | - Wataru Sakamoto
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-0046 Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Unno
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, University Hospital, Mizonokuchi, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 5-1-1, Futako, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-8507 Japan
| | - Atsushi Sakamoto
- Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shimada
- Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526 Japan
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14
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De Porcellinis AJ, Nørgaard H, Brey LMF, Erstad SM, Jones PR, Heazlewood JL, Sakuragi Y. Overexpression of bifunctional fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase/sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase leads to enhanced photosynthesis and global reprogramming of carbon metabolism in Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002. Metab Eng 2018; 47:170-183. [PMID: 29510212 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria fix atmospheric CO2 to biomass and through metabolic engineering can also act as photosynthetic factories for sustainable productions of fuels and chemicals. The Calvin Benson cycle is the primary pathway for CO2 fixation in cyanobacteria, algae and C3 plants. Previous studies have overexpressed the Calvin Benson cycle enzymes, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) and bifunctional sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase/fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (hereafter BiBPase), in both plants and algae, although their impacts on cyanobacteria have not yet been rigorously studied. Here, we show that overexpression of BiBPase and RuBisCO have distinct impacts on carbon metabolism in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 through physiological, biochemical, and proteomic analyses. The former enhanced growth, cell size, and photosynthetic O2 evolution, and coordinately upregulated enzymes in the Calvin Benson cycle including RuBisCO and fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase. At the same time it downregulated enzymes in respiratory carbon metabolism (glycolysis and the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway) including glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH). The content of glycogen was also significantly reduced while the soluble carbohydrate content increased. These results indicate that overexpression of BiBPase leads to global reprogramming of carbon metabolism in Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002, promoting photosynthetic carbon fixation and carbon partitioning towards non-storage carbohydrates. In contrast, whilst overexpression of RuBisCO had no measurable impact on growth and photosynthetic O2 evolution, it led to coordinated increase in the abundance of proteins involved in pyruvate metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis. Our results underpin that singular genetic modifications in the Calvin Benson cycle can have far broader cellular impact than previously expected. These features could be exploited to more efficiently direct carbons towards desired bioproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Jara De Porcellinis
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg DK-1871, Denmark; Copenhagen Plant Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg DK-1871, Denmark; Carlsberg Research Laboratory, 100 Ny Carlsberg Vej, 1799 Copenhagen V, Denmark
| | - Hanne Nørgaard
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg DK-1871, Denmark; Novo Nordisk, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760 Måløv, Denmark
| | - Laura Maria Furelos Brey
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg DK-1871, Denmark; Copenhagen Plant Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg DK-1871, Denmark
| | - Simon Matthé Erstad
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg DK-1871, Denmark; Copenhagen Plant Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg DK-1871, Denmark
| | - Patrik R Jones
- Department Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Joshua L Heazlewood
- Joint BioEnergy Institute and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yumiko Sakuragi
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg DK-1871, Denmark; Copenhagen Plant Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg DK-1871, Denmark.
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15
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Si T, Wang X, Zhao C, Huang M, Cai J, Zhou Q, Dai T, Jiang D. The Role of Hydrogen Peroxide in Mediating the Mechanical Wounding-Induced Freezing Tolerance in Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:327. [PMID: 29593774 PMCID: PMC5861560 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Systemic wound response (SWR), a well-characterized systemic signaling response, plays crucial roles in plant defense responses. Progress in understanding of the SWR in abiotic stress has also been aided by the researchers. However, the function of SWR in freezing stress remains elusive. In this study, we showed that local mild mechanical wounding enhanced freezing tolerance in newly occurred systemic leaves of wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.). Wounding significantly increased the maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, net photosynthetic rate, and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes under freezing stress. Wounding also alleviated freezing-induced chlorophyll decomposition, electrolyte leakage, water lose, and membrane peroxidation. In addition, wounding-induced freezing stress mitigation was closely associated with the ratio between reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and the ratio between ascorbate (AsA) and dehydroascorbate (DHA), as well as the contents of total soluble sugars and free amino acids. Importantly, pharmacological study showed that wounding-induced freezing tolerance was substantially arrested by pretreatment of wheat leaves with the scavenger of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or the inhibitor of NADPH oxidase (RBOH). These results support the hypothesis that local mechanical wounding-induced SWR in newly occurred leaves is largely attributed to RBOH-dependent H2O2 production, which may subsequently induce freezing tolerance in wheat plants. This mechanism may have a potential application to reduce the yield losses of wheat under late spring freezing conditions. Highlights: In our previous research, we found that local mechanical wounding could induce freezing tolerance in the upper systemic leaves of wheat plants. Surprisingly, in this paper, we further demonstrated that local mechanical wounding could also increase freezing resistance in newly occurred leaves of wheat plants. RBOH mediated H2O2 and ascorbate-glutathione cycle participate in this systemic wound response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Si
- National Technique Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Xiao Wang
- National Technique Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunzhao Zhao
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Mei Huang
- National Technique Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Cai
- National Technique Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Cai, Dong Jiang,
| | - Qin Zhou
- National Technique Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingbo Dai
- National Technique Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong Jiang
- National Technique Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Cai, Dong Jiang,
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16
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Pérez-Pérez ME, Mauriès A, Maes A, Tourasse NJ, Hamon M, Lemaire SD, Marchand CH. The Deep Thioredoxome in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: New Insights into Redox Regulation. MOLECULAR PLANT 2017; 10:1107-1125. [PMID: 28739495 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Thiol-based redox post-translational modifications have emerged as important mechanisms of signaling and regulation in all organisms, and thioredoxin plays a key role by controlling the thiol-disulfide status of target proteins. Recent redox proteomic studies revealed hundreds of proteins regulated by glutathionylation and nitrosylation in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, while much less is known about the thioredoxin interactome in this organism. By combining qualitative and quantitative proteomic analyses, we have comprehensively investigated the Chlamydomonas thioredoxome and 1188 targets have been identified. They participate in a wide range of metabolic pathways and cellular processes. This study broadens not only the redox regulation to new enzymes involved in well-known thioredoxin-regulated metabolic pathways but also sheds light on cellular processes for which data supporting redox regulation are scarce (aromatic amino acid biosynthesis, nuclear transport, etc). Moreover, we characterized 1052 thioredoxin-dependent regulatory sites and showed that these data constitute a valuable resource for future functional studies in Chlamydomonas. By comparing this thioredoxome with proteomic data for glutathionylation and nitrosylation at the protein and cysteine levels, this work confirms the existence of a complex redox regulation network in Chlamydomonas and provides evidence of a tremendous selectivity of redox post-translational modifications for specific cysteine residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Esther Pérez-Pérez
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR8226, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Adeline Mauriès
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR8226, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Maes
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR8226, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas J Tourasse
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Plateforme de Protéomique, FRC550, CNRS, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Marion Hamon
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR8226, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France; Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Plateforme de Protéomique, FRC550, CNRS, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane D Lemaire
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR8226, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Christophe H Marchand
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR8226, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France; Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Plateforme de Protéomique, FRC550, CNRS, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France.
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17
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Vital CE, Giordano A, de Almeida Soares E, Rhys Williams TC, Mesquita RO, Vidigal PMP, de Santana Lopes A, Pacheco TG, Rogalski M, de Oliveira Ramos HJ, Loureiro ME. An integrative overview of the molecular and physiological responses of sugarcane under drought conditions. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 94:577-594. [PMID: 28409321 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-017-0611-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Drought is the main abiotic stress constraining sugarcane production. However, our limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the drought stress responses of sugarcane impairs the development of new technologies to increase sugarcane drought tolerance. Here, an integrated approach was performed to reveal the molecular and physiological changes in two closely related sugarcane cultivars, including the most extensively planted cultivar in Brazil (cv. RB867515), in response to moderate (-0.5 MPa) and severe (-1 MPa) drought stress at the transcriptional, translational, and posttranslational levels. The results show common and cultivar exclusive changes in specific genes related to photosynthesis, carbohydrate, amino acid, and phytohormone metabolism. The novel phosphoproteomics and redox proteomic analysis revealed the importance of posttranslational regulation mechanisms during sugarcane drought stress. The shift to soluble sugar, secondary metabolite production, and activation of ROS eliminating processes in response to drought tolerance were mechanisms exclusive to cv. RB867515, helping to explain the better performance and higher production of this cultivar under these stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilo Elber Vital
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Andrea Giordano
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Thomas Christopher Rhys Williams
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Rosilene Oliveira Mesquita
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Pedro Marcus Pereira Vidigal
- Núcleo de Análise de Biomoléculas (NuBioMol), Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Amanda de Santana Lopes
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Túlio Gomes Pacheco
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Rogalski
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Ehlers Loureiro
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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18
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Identification and In Silico Analysis of Major Redox Modulated Proteins from Brassica juncea Seedlings Using 2D Redox SDS PAGE (2-Dimensional Diagonal Redox Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis). Protein J 2017; 36:64-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s10930-017-9698-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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19
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Mason KE, Hilmer JK, Maaty WS, Reeves BD, Grieco PA, Bothner B, Fischer AM. Proteomic comparison of near-isogenic barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) germplasm differing in the allelic state of a major senescence QTL identifies numerous proteins involved in plant pathogen defense. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 109:114-127. [PMID: 27665045 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Senescence is the last developmental phase of plant tissues, organs and, in the case of monocarpic senescence, entire plants. In monocarpic crops such as barley, it leads to massive remobilization of nitrogen and other nutrients to developing seeds. To further investigate this process, a proteomic comparison of flag leaves of near-isogenic late- and early-senescing barley germplasm was performed. Protein samples at 14 and 21 days past anthesis were analyzed using both two-dimensional gel-based and label-free quantitative mass spectrometry-based ('shotgun') proteomic techniques. This approach identified >9000 barley proteins, and one-third of them were quantified. Analysis focused on proteins that were significantly (p < 0.05; difference ≥1.5-fold) upregulated in early-senescing line '10_11' as compared to late-senescing variety 'Karl', as these may be functionally important for senescence. Proteins in this group included family 1 pathogenesis-related proteins, intracellular and membrane receptors or co-receptors (NBS-LRRs, LRR-RLKs), enzymes involved in attacking pathogen cell walls (glucanases), enzymes with possible roles in cuticle modification, and enzymes involved in DNA repair. Additionally, proteases and elements of the ubiquitin-proteasome system were upregulated in line '10_11', suggesting involvement of nitrogen remobilization and regulatory processes. Overall, the proteomic data highlight a correlation between early senescence and upregulated defense functions. This correlation emerges more clearly from the current proteomic data than from a previously performed transcriptomic comparison of 'Karl' and '10_11'. Our findings stress the value of studying biological systems at both the transcript and protein levels, and point to the importance of pathogen defense functions during developmental leaf senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn E Mason
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - Jonathan K Hilmer
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States; Proteomics, Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Facility, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - Walid S Maaty
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - Benjamin D Reeves
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - Paul A Grieco
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - Brian Bothner
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States; Proteomics, Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Facility, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - Andreas M Fischer
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States.
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20
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Akter S, Carpentier S, Van Breusegem F, Messens J. Identification of dimedone-trapped sulfenylated proteins in plants under stress. Biochem Biophys Rep 2016; 9:106-113. [PMID: 29114583 PMCID: PMC5632707 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In stressed plants, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels rise. Key to ROS signaling research are detection and identification of the protein cysteine sulfenylation (-SOH), the ROS-mediated oxidative product of a thiol (-SH). Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings were stressed with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and the sulfenylated proteins were tagged with dimedone. Dimedone-tagged sulfenic acid proteins were visualized on a two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) immunoblot with an anticysteine sulfenic acid antibody and were subsequently detected by mass spectrometry. We optimized the detection method for protein sulfenylation in Arabidopsis. We conclude that dimedone can penetrate the cell wall, does not stress plants, and can "read" the changes in the protein sulfenylation pattern under oxidative stress. We observed that the number of sulfenylated proteins in plants treated with 10 mM H2O2 was higher than that in untreated plants. A total of 39 sulfenylated protein spots were found on 2DE immunoblots. By means of mass spectrometry, 11 sulfenylated proteins were discovered involved in primary metabolism, redox regulation, translation and signaling pathways. Hence, by combining an immunochemical 2DE strategy with mass spectrometry, we were able to identify sulfenylated proteins in H2O2-stressed Arabidopsis seedlings. The sulfenylated proteins can be considered for further validation as redox regulators in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Akter
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.,Structural Biology Research Center, VIB, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.,Brussels Center for Redox Biology, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.,Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Dhaka, 1000 Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sebastien Carpentier
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, KU Leuven University, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.,Facility for Systems Biology based Mass Spectrometry, KU Leuven University, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joris Messens
- Structural Biology Research Center, VIB, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.,Brussels Center for Redox Biology, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.,Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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21
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Rasmussen RE, Erstad SM, Ramos-Martinez EM, Fimognari L, De Porcellinis AJ, Sakuragi Y. An easy and efficient permeabilization protocol for in vivo enzyme activity assays in cyanobacteria. Microb Cell Fact 2016; 15:186. [PMID: 27825349 PMCID: PMC5101802 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-016-0587-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic bacteria that thrive in diverse ecosystems and play major roles in the global carbon cycle. The abilities of cyanobacteria to fix atmospheric CO2 and to allocate the fixed carbons to chemicals and biofuels have attracted growing attentions as sustainable microbial cell factories. Better understanding of the activities of enzymes involved in the central carbon metabolism would lead to increasing product yields. Currently cell-free lysates are the most widely used method for determination of intracellular enzyme activities. However, due to thick cell walls, lysis of cyanobacterial cells is inefficient and often laborious. In some cases radioisotope-labeled substrates can be fed directly to intact cells; however, label-free assays are often favored due to safety and practical reasons. RESULTS Here we show an easy and highly efficient method for permeabilization of the cyanobacteria Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 and Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, and determination of two intracellular enzymes, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/decarboxylase (Rubisco) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), that play pivotal roles in the central carbon metabolism in cyanobacteria. Incubation of the cyanobacterial cells in the commercially available B-PER reagent for 10 min permeabilized the cells, as confirmed by the SYTOX Green staining. There was no significant change in the cell shape and no major loss of intracellular proteins was observed during the treatment. When used directly in the assays, the permeabilized cells exhibited the enzyme activities that are comparable or even higher than those detected for cell-free lysates. Moreover, the permeabilized cells could be stored at -20 °C without losing the enzyme activities. The permeabilization process and subsequent activity assays were successfully adapted to the 96-well plate system. CONCLUSIONS An easy, efficient and scalable permeabilization protocol was established for cyanobacteria. The permeabilized cells can be directly applied for measurement of G6PDH and Rubisco activities without using radioisotopes and the protocol may be readily adapted to studies of other cyanobacterial species and other intracellular enzymes. The permeabilization and enzyme assays can be performed in 96-well plates in a high-throughput manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randi Engelberth Rasmussen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Simon Matthé Erstad
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Erick Miguel Ramos-Martinez
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Lorenzo Fimognari
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Alice Jara De Porcellinis
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Yumiko Sakuragi
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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22
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Li XJ, Guo X, Zhou YH, Shi K, Zhou J, Yu JQ, Xia XJ. Overexpression of a brassinosteroid biosynthetic gene Dwarf enhances photosynthetic capacity through activation of Calvin cycle enzymes in tomato. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 16:33. [PMID: 26822290 PMCID: PMC4730719 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0715-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic manipulation of brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis or signaling is a promising strategy to improve crop yield and quality. However, the relationships between the BR-promoted growth and photosynthesis and the exact mechanism of BR-regulated photosynthetic capacity are not clear. Here, we generated transgenic tomato plants by overexpressing Dwarf, a BR biosynthetic gene that encodes the CYP85A1, and compared the photosynthetic capacity with the BR biosynthetic mutant d (im) and wild type. RESULTS Overexpression of Dwarf promoted net photosynthetic rate (P N), whereas BR deficiency in d (im) led to a significant inhibition in P N as compared with WT. The activation status of RuBisCO, and the protein content and activity of RuBisCO activase, but not the total content and transcripts of RuBisCO were closely related to the endogenous BR levels in different genotypes. However, endogenous BR positively regulated the expression and activity of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. Dwarf overexpression enhanced the activity of dehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione reductase, leading to a reduced redox status, whereas BR deficiency had the contrasting effects. In addition, BR induced a reduction of 2-cystein peroxiredoxin without altering the protein content. CONCLUSIONS BR plays a role in the regulation of photosynthesis. BR can increase the photosynthetic capacity by inducing a reduced redox status that maintains the activation states of Calvin cycle enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Li
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China.
| | - Xie Guo
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China.
| | - Yan-Hong Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China.
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China.
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China.
| | - Jing-Quan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Xiao-Jian Xia
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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23
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Mock HP, Dietz KJ. Redox proteomics for the assessment of redox-related posttranslational regulation in plants. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2016; 1864:967-73. [PMID: 26784836 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The methodological developments of in vivo and in vitro protein labeling and subsequent detection enable sensitive and specific detection of redox modifications. Such methods are presently applied to diverse cells and tissues, subproteomes and developmental as well as environmental conditions. The chloroplast proteome is particularly suitable for such kind of studies, because redox regulation of chloroplast proteins is well established, many plastid proteins are abundant, redox network components have been inventoried in great depth, and functional consequences explored. Thus the repertoire of redox-related posttranslational modifications on the one hand side and their abundance on the other pose a challenge for the near future to understand their contribution to physiological regulation. The various posttranslational redox modifications are introduced, followed by a description of the available proteomics methods. The significance of the redox-related posttranslational modification is exemplarily worked out using established examples from photosynthesis. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Plant Proteomics--a bridge between fundamental processes and crop production, edited by Dr. Hans-Peter Mock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Peter Mock
- Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, IPK, Corrensstrasse 3, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany.
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology - W5-134, Bielefeld University, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany.
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24
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Zermiani M, Zonin E, Nonis A, Begheldo M, Ceccato L, Vezzaro A, Baldan B, Trentin A, Masi A, Pegoraro M, Fadanelli L, Teale W, Palme K, Quintieri L, Ruperti B. Ethylene negatively regulates transcript abundance of ROP-GAP rheostat-encoding genes and affects apoplastic reactive oxygen species homeostasis in epicarps of cold stored apple fruits. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:7255-70. [PMID: 26428066 PMCID: PMC4765793 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Apple (Malus×domestica Borkh) fruits are stored for long periods of time at low temperatures (1 °C) leading to the occurrence of physiological disorders. 'Superficial scald' of Granny Smith apples, an economically important ethylene-dependent disorder, was used as a model to study relationships among ethylene action, the regulation of the ROP-GAP rheostat, and maintenance of H2O2 homeostasis in fruits during prolonged cold exposure. The ROP-GAP rheostat is a key module for adaptation to low oxygen in Arabidopsis through Respiratory Burst NADPH Oxidase Homologs (RBOH)-mediated and ROP GTPase-dependent regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. Here, it was shown that the transcriptional expression of several components of the apple ROP-GAP machinery, including genes encoding RBOHs, ROPs, and their ancillary proteins ROP-GEFs and ROP-GAPs, is coordinately and negatively regulated by ethylene in conjunction with the progressive impairment of apoplastic H2O2 homeostatic levels. RNA sequencing analyses showed that several components of the known ROP- and ROS-associated transcriptional networks are regulated along with the ROP-GAP rheostat in response to ethylene perception. These findings may extend the role of the ROP-GAP rheostat beyond hypoxic responses and suggest that it may be a functional regulatory node involved in the integration of ethylene and ROS signalling pathways in abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Zermiani
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Zonin
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Alberto Nonis
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Maura Begheldo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Luca Ceccato
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Alice Vezzaro
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Barbara Baldan
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Annarita Trentin
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Masi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Marco Pegoraro
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Livio Fadanelli
- Edmund Mach Foundation, San Michele all'Adige, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - William Teale
- Institute of Biology II/Molecular Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Palme
- Institute of Biology II/Molecular Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Systems Analysis, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany Freiburg Institute for Advanced Sciences (FRIAS), Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (bioss), Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany Freiburg Initiative for Systems Biology (FRISYS), Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Luigi Quintieri
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Benedetto Ruperti
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
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25
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Carmo-Silva E, Scales JC, Madgwick PJ, Parry MAJ. Optimizing Rubisco and its regulation for greater resource use efficiency. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2015; 38:1817-32. [PMID: 25123951 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Rubisco catalyses the carboxylation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP), enabling net CO2 assimilation in photosynthesis. The properties and regulation of Rubisco are not optimal for biomass production in current and projected future environments. Rubisco is relatively inefficient, and large amounts of the enzyme are needed to support photosynthesis, requiring large investments in nitrogen. The competing oxygenation of RuBP by Rubisco decreases photosynthetic efficiency. Additionally, Rubisco is inhibited by some sugar phosphates and depends upon interaction with Rubisco activase (Rca) to be reactivated. Rca activity is modulated by the chloroplast redox status and ADP/ATP ratios, thereby mediating Rubisco activation and photosynthetic induction in response to irradiance. The extreme thermal sensitivity of Rca compromises net CO2 assimilation at moderately high temperatures. Given its central role in carbon assimilation, the improvement of Rubisco function and regulation is tightly linked with irradiance, nitrogen and water use efficiencies. Although past attempts have had limited success, novel technologies and an expanding knowledge base make the challenge of improving Rubisco activity in crops an achievable goal. Strategies to optimize Rubisco and its regulation are addressed in relation to their potential to improve crop resource use efficiency and climate resilience of photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanna C Scales
- Plant Biology and Crop Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts, AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Pippa J Madgwick
- Plant Biology and Crop Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts, AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Martin A J Parry
- Plant Biology and Crop Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts, AL5 2JQ, UK
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26
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Grabsztunowicz M, Górski Z, Luciński R, Jackowski G. A reversible decrease in ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase carboxylation activity caused by the aggregation of the enzyme's large subunit is triggered in response to the exposure of moderate irradiance-grown plants to low irradiance. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2015; 154:591-608. [PMID: 25594504 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) is highly regulated in response to fluctuations in the environment, including changes in irradiance. However, no complex data are available on Rubisco regulatory mechanisms triggered in plants which are submitted to moderate-low irradiance shift. Therefore, we investigated in a comprehensive way the changes at the level of amount of Rubisco protein, its structural organization and carboxylase activity of the holoenzyme as triggered by exposure of moderate irradiance-grown Arabidopsis thaliana plants to low irradiance conditions. An exposure of moderate irradiance-grown plants to low irradiance for a single photoperiod caused the exclusion of a certain pool of Rubisco under altered conditions owing to oxidative modifications resulting in the formation of protein aggregates involving Rubisco large subunit (LS). As a result, both initial and total Rubisco carboxylase activities were reduced, whereas Rubisco activation state remained largely unchanged. The results of the determination of reactive oxygen species indicated that a moderate/low irradiance transition had stimulated (1) O2 accumulation and we strongly suggest that Rubisco oxidative modifications leading to formation of aggregates encompassing Rubisco-LS were triggered by (1) O2 . When moderate irradiance regime was resumed, the majority of Rubisco-LS containing aggregates tended to be resolubilized, and this allowed Rubisco carboxylation activities to be largely recovered, without changes in the activation state of the enzyme. In the longer term, these results allow us to better understand a complexity of Rubisco regulatory mechanisms activated in response to abiotic stresses and during recovery from the stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Grabsztunowicz
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, 61 614, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Górski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry & Technical Electrochemistry, University of Technology, Poznań, 60 965, Poland
| | - Robert Luciński
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, 61 614, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Jackowski
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, 61 614, Poland
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27
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Fesenko IA, Arapidi GP, Skripnikov AY, Alexeev DG, Kostryukova ES, Manolov AI, Altukhov IA, Khazigaleeva RA, Seredina AV, Kovalchuk SI, Ziganshin RH, Zgoda VG, Novikova SE, Semashko TA, Slizhikova DK, Ptushenko VV, Gorbachev AY, Govorun VM, Ivanov VT. Specific pools of endogenous peptides are present in gametophore, protonema, and protoplast cells of the moss Physcomitrella patens. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 15:87. [PMID: 25848929 PMCID: PMC4365561 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-015-0468-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein degradation is a basic cell process that operates in general protein turnover or to produce bioactive peptides. However, very little is known about the qualitative and quantitative composition of a plant cell peptidome, the actual result of this degradation. In this study we comprehensively analyzed a plant cell peptidome and systematically analyzed the peptide generation process. RESULTS We thoroughly analyzed native peptide pools of Physcomitrella patens moss in two developmental stages as well as in protoplasts. Peptidomic analysis was supplemented by transcriptional profiling and quantitative analysis of precursor proteins. In total, over 20,000 unique endogenous peptides, ranging in size from 5 to 78 amino acid residues, were identified. We showed that in both the protonema and protoplast states, plastid proteins served as the main source of peptides and that their major fraction formed outside of chloroplasts. However, in general, the composition of peptide pools was very different between these cell types. In gametophores, stress-related proteins, e.g., late embryogenesis abundant proteins, were among the most productive precursors. The Driselase-mediated protonema conversion to protoplasts led to a peptide generation "burst", with a several-fold increase in the number of components in the latter. Degradation of plastid proteins in protoplasts was accompanied by suppression of photosynthetic activity. CONCLUSION We suggest that peptide pools in plant cells are not merely a product of waste protein degradation, but may serve as important functional components for plant metabolism. We assume that the peptide "burst" is a form of biotic stress response that might produce peptides with antimicrobial activity from originally functional proteins. Potential functions of peptides in different developmental stages are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Fesenko
- />Department of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
| | - Georgij P Arapidi
- />Department of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
- />Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700 Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Yu Skripnikov
- />Department of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
- />Biology Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 199234 Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry G Alexeev
- />Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical & Biological Agency, 1a, Malaya Pirogovskaya, Moscow, 119992 Russian Federation
- />Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700 Russian Federation
| | - Elena S Kostryukova
- />Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical & Biological Agency, 1a, Malaya Pirogovskaya, Moscow, 119992 Russian Federation
| | - Alexander I Manolov
- />Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical & Biological Agency, 1a, Malaya Pirogovskaya, Moscow, 119992 Russian Federation
- />Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700 Russian Federation
| | - Ilya A Altukhov
- />Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical & Biological Agency, 1a, Malaya Pirogovskaya, Moscow, 119992 Russian Federation
- />Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700 Russian Federation
| | - Regina A Khazigaleeva
- />Department of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
| | - Anna V Seredina
- />Department of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
| | - Sergey I Kovalchuk
- />Department of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
- />Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical & Biological Agency, 1a, Malaya Pirogovskaya, Moscow, 119992 Russian Federation
| | - Rustam H Ziganshin
- />Department of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
| | - Viktor G Zgoda
- />Institute of Biomedical Chemistry RAMS im. V.N. Orehovicha, 10, Pogodinskaya Street, Moscow, 119121 Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana E Novikova
- />Institute of Biomedical Chemistry RAMS im. V.N. Orehovicha, 10, Pogodinskaya Street, Moscow, 119121 Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana A Semashko
- />Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical & Biological Agency, 1a, Malaya Pirogovskaya, Moscow, 119992 Russian Federation
| | - Darya K Slizhikova
- />Department of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
| | - Vasilij V Ptushenko
- />A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskye Gory, House 1, Building 40, Moscow, 119992 Russian Federation
| | - Alexey Y Gorbachev
- />Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical & Biological Agency, 1a, Malaya Pirogovskaya, Moscow, 119992 Russian Federation
| | - Vadim M Govorun
- />Department of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
- />Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical & Biological Agency, 1a, Malaya Pirogovskaya, Moscow, 119992 Russian Federation
- />Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700 Russian Federation
| | - Vadim T Ivanov
- />Department of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
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Sudhani HP, Moreno J. Control of the ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activity by the chloroplastic glutathione pool. Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 567:30-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Puyaubert J, Baudouin E. New clues for a cold case: nitric oxide response to low temperature. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2014; 37:2623-30. [PMID: 24720833 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature is among the most frequent stresses met by plants during their lifespan, and a plant's ability to cold-acclimate is a determinant for further growth and development. Although intensive research has provided a good picture of the molecular and metabolic changes triggered by cold, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain elusive and are thus being actively sought. Recent studies have shed light on the importance of nitric oxide (NO), a ubiquitous signalling molecule in eukaryotes, for plant tolerance to chilling and freezing. Indeed, NO formation following cold exposure has been reported in a range of plant species, and a series of proteins targeted by NO-based post-translational modifications have been identified. Moreover, key cold-regulated genes have been characterized as NO-dependent, suggesting the crucial importance of NO signalling for cold-responsive gene expression. This review provides a picture of our current understanding of the function of NO in the context of plant response to cold. Particular attention is dedicated to the open questions left by the fragmented data currently available concerning NO formation, transduction and biological significance for plant adaptation to low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Puyaubert
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7622, Biologie du Développement, F-75005, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 7622, Biologie du Développement, F-75005, Paris, France
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González A, Moenne F, Gómez M, Sáez CA, Contreras RA, Moenne A. Oligo-carrageenan kappa increases NADPH, ascorbate and glutathione syntheses and TRR/TRX activities enhancing photosynthesis, basal metabolism, and growth in Eucalyptus trees. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:512. [PMID: 25352851 PMCID: PMC4195311 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In order to analyze the effect of OC kappa in redox status, photosynthesis, basal metabolism and growth in Eucalyptus globulus, trees were treated with water (control), with OC kappa at 1 mg mL(-1), or treated with inhibitors of NAD(P)H, ascorbate (ASC), and glutathione (GSH) syntheses and thioredoxin reductase (TRR) activity, CHS-828, lycorine, buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), and auranofin, respectively, and with OC kappa, and cultivated for 4 months. Treatment with OC kappa induced an increase in NADPH, ASC, and GSH syntheses, TRR and thioredoxin (TRX) activities, photosynthesis, growth and activities of basal metabolism enzymes such as rubisco, glutamine synthetase (GlnS), adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate reductase (APR), involved in C, N, and S assimilation, respectively, Krebs cycle and purine/pyrimidine synthesis enzymes. Treatment with inhibitors and OC kappa showed that increases in ASC, GSH, and TRR/TRX enhanced NADPH synthesis, increases in NADPH and TRR/TRX enhanced ASC and GSH syntheses, and only the increase in NADPH enhanced TRR/TRX activities. In addition, the increase in NADPH, ASC, GSH, and TRR/TRX enhanced photosynthesis and growth. Moreover, the increase in NADPH, ASC and TRR/TRX enhanced activities of rubisco, Krebs cycle, and purine/pyrimidine synthesis enzymes, the increase in GSH, NADPH, and TRR/TRX enhanced APR activity, and the increase in NADPH and TRR/TRX enhanced GlnS activity. Thus, OC kappa increases NADPH, ASC, and GSH syntheses leading to a more reducing redox status, the increase in NADPH, ASC, GSH syntheses, and TRR/TRX activities are cross-talking events leading to activation of photosynthesis, basal metabolism, and growth in Eucalyptus trees.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Alejandra Moenne
- *Correspondence: Alejandra Moenne, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, 9170022 Santiago, Chile e-mail:
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Doron L, Segal N, Gibori H, Shapira M. The BSD2 ortholog in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a polysome-associated chaperone that co-migrates on sucrose gradients with the rbcL transcript encoding the Rubisco large subunit. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 80:345-55. [PMID: 25124725 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 07/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The expression of the CO2 -fixation enzyme ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), which is affected by light, involves the cysteine-rich protein bundle-sheath defective-2 (BSD2) that was originally identified in maize bundle-sheath cells. We identified the BSD2 ortholog in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as a small protein (17 kDa) localized to the chloroplast. The algal BSD2-ortholog contains four CXXCXGXG DnaJ-like elements, but lacks the other conserved domains of DnaJ. BSD2 co-migrated with the rbcL transcript on heavy polysomes, and both BSD2 and rbcL mRNA shifted to the lighter fractions under oxidizing conditions that repress the translation of the Rubisco large subunit (RbcL). This profile of co-migration supports the possibility that BSD2 is required for the de novo synthesis of RbcL. Furthermore, BSD2 co-migrated with the rbcL transcript in a C. reinhardtii premature-termination mutant that encodes the first 60 amino acids of RbcL. In both strains, BSD2 shared its migration profile with the rbcL transcript but not with psbA mRNA. The chaperone activity of BSD2 was exemplified by its ability to prevent the aggregation of both citrate synthase (CS) and RbcL in vitro following their chemical denaturation. This activity did not depend on the presence of the thiol groups on BSD2. In contrast, the activity of BSD2 in preventing the precipitation of reduced β-chains in vitro in the insulin turbidity assay was thiol-dependent. We conclude that BSD2 combines a chaperone 'holdase' function with the ability to interact with free thiols, with both activities being required to protect newly synthesized RbcL chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lior Doron
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, POB 653, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel
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32
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Pivato M, Fabrega-Prats M, Masi A. Low-molecular-weight thiols in plants: Functional and analytical implications. Arch Biochem Biophys 2014; 560:83-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Balsera M, Uberegui E, Schürmann P, Buchanan BB. Evolutionary development of redox regulation in chloroplasts. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:1327-55. [PMID: 24483204 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The post-translational modification of thiol groups stands out as a key strategy that cells employ for metabolic regulation and adaptation to changing environmental conditions. Nowhere is this more evident than in chloroplasts-the O2-evolving photosynthetic organelles of plant cells that are fitted with multiple redox systems, including the thioredoxin (Trx) family of oxidoreductases functional in the reversible modification of regulatory thiols of proteins in all types of cells. The best understood member of this family in chloroplasts is the ferredoxin-linked thioredoxin system (FTS) by which proteins are modified via light-dependent disulfide/dithiol (S-S/2SH) transitions. RECENT ADVANCES Discovered in the reductive activation of enzymes of the Calvin-Benson cycle in illuminated chloroplast preparations, recent studies have extended the role of the FTS far beyond its original boundaries to include a spectrum of cellular processes. Together with the NADP-linked thioredoxin reductase C-type (NTRC) and glutathione/glutaredoxin systems, the FTS also plays a central role in the response of chloroplasts to different types of stress. CRITICAL ISSUES The comparisons of redox regulatory networks functional in chloroplasts of land plants with those of cyanobacteria-prokaryotes considered to be the ancestors of chloroplasts-and different types of algae summarized in this review have provided new insight into the evolutionary development of redox regulation, starting with the simplest O2-evolving organisms. FUTURE DIRECTIONS The evolutionary appearance, mode of action, and specificity of the redox regulatory systems functional in chloroplasts, as well as the types of redox modification operating under diverse environmental conditions stand out as areas for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Balsera
- 1 Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Salamanca, Spain
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Dietz KJ. Redox regulation of transcription factors in plant stress acclimation and development. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:1356-72. [PMID: 24182193 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The redox regulatory signaling network of the plant cell controls and co-regulates transcriptional activities, thereby enabling adjustment of metabolism and development in response to environmental cues, including abiotic stress. RECENT ADVANCES Our rapidly expanding knowledge on redox regulation of plant transcription is driven by methodological advancements such as sensitive redox proteomics and in silico predictions in combination with classical targeted genetic and molecular approaches, often in Arabidopsis thaliana. Thus, transcription factors (TFs) are both direct and indirect targets of redox-dependent activity modulation. Redox control of TF activity involves conformational switching, nucleo-cytosolic partitioning, assembly with coregulators, metal-S-cluster regulation, redox control of upstream signaling elements, and proteolysis. CRITICAL ISSUES While the significance of redox regulation of transcription is well established for prokaryotes and non-plant eukaryotes, the momentousness of redox-dependent control of transcription in plants still receives insufficient awareness and, therefore, is discussed in detail in this review. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Improved proteome sensitivity will enable characterization of low abundant proteins and to simultaneously address the various post-translational modifications such as nitrosylation, hydroxylation, and glutathionylation. Combining such approaches by gradually increasing biotic and abiotic stress strength is expected to result in a systematic understanding of redox regulation. In the end, only the combination of in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro results will provide conclusive pictures on the rather complex mechanism of redox regulation of transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Josef Dietz
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University , Bielefeld, Germany
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Morisse S, Zaffagnini M, Gao XH, Lemaire SD, Marchand CH. Insight into protein S-nitrosylation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:1271-84. [PMID: 24328795 PMCID: PMC4158989 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Protein S-nitrosylation, a post-translational modification (PTM) consisting of the covalent binding of nitric oxide (NO) to a cysteine thiol moiety, plays a major role in cell signaling and is recognized to be involved in numerous physiological processes and diseases in mammals. The importance of nitrosylation in photosynthetic eukaryotes has been less studied. The aim of this study was to expand our knowledge on protein nitrosylation by performing a large-scale proteomic analysis of proteins undergoing nitrosylation in vivo in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells under nitrosative stress. RESULTS Using two complementary proteomic approaches, 492 nitrosylated proteins were identified. They participate in a wide range of biological processes and pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, translation, protein folding or degradation, cell motility, and stress. Several proteins were confirmed in vitro by western blot, site-directed mutagenesis and activity measurements. Moreover, 392 sites of nitrosylation were also identified. These results strongly suggest that S-nitrosylation could constitute a major mechanism of regulation in C. reinhardtii under nitrosative stress conditions. INNOVATION This study constitutes the largest proteomic analysis of protein nitrosylation reported to date. CONCLUSION The identification of 381 previously unrecognized targets of nitrosylation further extends our knowledge on the importance of this PTM in photosynthetic eukaryotes. The data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange repository with identifier PXD000569.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Morisse
- 1 Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, FRE3354 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie , Paris, France
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36
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Starkenburg SR, Kwon KJ, Jha RK, McKay C, Jacobs M, Chertkov O, Twary S, Rocap G, Cattolico RA. A pangenomic analysis of the Nannochloropsis organellar genomes reveals novel genetic variations in key metabolic genes. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:212. [PMID: 24646409 PMCID: PMC3999925 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microalgae in the genus Nannochloropsis are photosynthetic marine Eustigmatophytes of significant interest to the bioenergy and aquaculture sectors due to their ability to efficiently accumulate biomass and lipids for utilization in renewable transportation fuels, aquaculture feed, and other useful bioproducts. To better understand the genetic complement that drives the metabolic processes of these organisms, we present the assembly and comparative pangenomic analysis of the chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes from Nannochloropsis salina CCMP1776. RESULTS The chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes of N. salina are 98.4% and 97% identical to their counterparts in Nannochloropsis gaditana. Comparison of the Nannochloropsis pangenome to other algae within and outside of the same phyla revealed regions of significant genetic divergence in key genes that encode proteins needed for regulation of branched chain amino synthesis (acetohydroxyacid synthase), carbon fixation (RuBisCO activase), energy conservation (ATP synthase), protein synthesis and homeostasis (Clp protease, ribosome). CONCLUSIONS Many organellar gene modifications in Nannochloropsis are unique and deviate from conserved orthologs found across the tree of life. Implementation of secondary and tertiary structure prediction was crucial to functionally characterize many proteins and therefore should be implemented in automated annotation pipelines. The exceptional similarity of the N. salina and N. gaditana organellar genomes suggests that N. gaditana be reclassified as a strain of N. salina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn R Starkenburg
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, NM, USA
| | - Kyungyoon J Kwon
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, NM, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley 94720, CA, USA
| | - Ramesh K Jha
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, NM, USA
| | - Cedar McKay
- School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, WA, USA
| | - Michael Jacobs
- Biology Department, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, WA, USA
| | - Olga Chertkov
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, NM, USA
| | - Scott Twary
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, NM, USA
| | - Gabrielle Rocap
- School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, WA, USA
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Puyaubert J, Fares A, Rézé N, Peltier JB, Baudouin E. Identification of endogenously S-nitrosylated proteins in Arabidopsis plantlets: effect of cold stress on cysteine nitrosylation level. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 215-216:150-6. [PMID: 24388526 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2013.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/26/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
S-nitrosylation is a nitric oxide (NO)-based post-translational modification regulating protein function and signalling. We used a combination between the biotin switch method and labelling with isotope-coded affinity tag to identify endogenously S-nitrosylated peptides in Arabidopsis thaliana proteins extracted from plantlets. The relative level of S-nitrosylation in the identified peptides was compared between unstressed and cold-stress seedlings. We thereby detected 62 endogenously nitrosylated peptides out of which 20 are over-nitrosylated following cold exposure. Taken together these data provide a new repertoire of endogenously S-nitrosylated proteins in Arabidopsis with cysteine S-nitrosylation site. Furthermore they highlight the quantitative modification of the S-nitrosylation status of specific cysteine following cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Puyaubert
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UR 5, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes, F-75005 Paris, France; CNRS, EAC 7180, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - Abasse Fares
- INRA, UR1199, Laboratoire de Protéomique Fonctionnelle, 34060 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Nathalie Rézé
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UR 5, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes, F-75005 Paris, France; CNRS, EAC 7180, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Benoît Peltier
- INRA, UR1199, Laboratoire de Protéomique Fonctionnelle, 34060 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Emmanuel Baudouin
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UR 5, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes, F-75005 Paris, France; CNRS, EAC 7180, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes, F-75005 Paris, France
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Rosnow J, Yerramsetty P, Berry JO, Okita TW, Edwards GE. Exploring mechanisms linked to differentiation and function of dimorphic chloroplasts in the single cell C4 species Bienertia sinuspersici. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 14:34. [PMID: 24443986 PMCID: PMC3904190 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-14-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the model single-cell C4 plant Bienertia sinuspersici, chloroplast- and nuclear-encoded photosynthetic enzymes, characteristically confined to either bundle sheath or mesophyll cells in Kranz-type C4 leaves, all occur together within individual leaf chlorenchyma cells. Intracellular separation of dimorphic chloroplasts and key enzymes within central and peripheral compartments allow for C4 carbon fixation analogous to NAD-malic enzyme (NAD-ME) Kranz type species. Several methods were used to investigate dimorphic chloroplast differentiation in B. sinuspersici. RESULTS Confocal analysis revealed that Rubisco-containing chloroplasts in the central compartment chloroplasts (CCC) contained more photosystem II proteins than the peripheral compartment chloroplasts (PCC) which contain pyruvate,Pi dikinase (PPDK), a pattern analogous to the cell type-specific chloroplasts of many Kranz type NAD-ME species. Transient expression analysis using GFP fusion constructs containing various lengths of a B. sinuspersici Rubisco small subunit (RbcS) gene and the transit peptide of PPDK revealed that their import was not specific to either chloroplast type. Immunolocalization showed the rbcL-specific mRNA binding protein RLSB to be selectively localized to the CCC in B. sinuspersici, and to Rubisco-containing BS chloroplasts in the closely related Kranz species Suaeda taxifolia. Comparative fluorescence analyses were made using redox-sensitive and insensitive GFP forms, as well comparative staining using the peroxidase indicator 3,3-diaminobenzidine (DAB), which demonstrated differences in stromal redox potential, with the CCC having a more negative potential than the PCC. CONCLUSIONS Both CCC RLSB localization and the differential chloroplast redox state are suggested to have a role in post-transcriptional rbcL expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh Rosnow
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA
| | - Pradeep Yerramsetty
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - James O Berry
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Thomas W Okita
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6340, USA
| | - Gerald E Edwards
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA
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Michelet L, Zaffagnini M, Morisse S, Sparla F, Pérez-Pérez ME, Francia F, Danon A, Marchand CH, Fermani S, Trost P, Lemaire SD. Redox regulation of the Calvin-Benson cycle: something old, something new. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 4:470. [PMID: 24324475 PMCID: PMC3838966 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Reversible redox post-translational modifications such as oxido-reduction of disulfide bonds, S-nitrosylation, and S-glutathionylation, play a prominent role in the regulation of cell metabolism and signaling in all organisms. These modifications are mainly controlled by members of the thioredoxin and glutaredoxin families. Early studies in photosynthetic organisms have identified the Calvin-Benson cycle, the photosynthetic pathway responsible for carbon assimilation, as a redox regulated process. Indeed, 4 out of 11 enzymes of the cycle were shown to have a low activity in the dark and to be activated in the light through thioredoxin-dependent reduction of regulatory disulfide bonds. The underlying molecular mechanisms were extensively studied at the biochemical and structural level. Unexpectedly, recent biochemical and proteomic studies have suggested that all enzymes of the cycle and several associated regulatory proteins may undergo redox regulation through multiple redox post-translational modifications including glutathionylation and nitrosylation. The aim of this review is to detail the well-established mechanisms of redox regulation of Calvin-Benson cycle enzymes as well as the most recent reports indicating that this pathway is tightly controlled by multiple interconnected redox post-translational modifications. This redox control is likely allowing fine tuning of the Calvin-Benson cycle required for adaptation to varying environmental conditions, especially during responses to biotic and abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Michelet
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, FRE3354 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Université Pierre et Marie CurieParis, France
| | - Mirko Zaffagnini
- Laboratory of Plant Redox Biology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of BolognaBologna, Italy
| | - Samuel Morisse
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, FRE3354 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Université Pierre et Marie CurieParis, France
| | - Francesca Sparla
- Laboratory of Plant Redox Biology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of BolognaBologna, Italy
| | - María Esther Pérez-Pérez
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, FRE3354 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Université Pierre et Marie CurieParis, France
| | - Francesco Francia
- Laboratory of Plant Redox Biology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of BolognaBologna, Italy
| | - Antoine Danon
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, FRE3354 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Université Pierre et Marie CurieParis, France
| | - Christophe H. Marchand
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, FRE3354 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Université Pierre et Marie CurieParis, France
| | - Simona Fermani
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of BolognaBologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Trost
- Laboratory of Plant Redox Biology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of BolognaBologna, Italy
| | - Stéphane D. Lemaire
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, FRE3354 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Université Pierre et Marie CurieParis, France
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Sudhani HPK, García-Murria MJ, Moreno J. Reversible inhibition of CO2 fixation by ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase through the synergic effect of arsenite and a monothiol. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2013; 36:1160-1170. [PMID: 23216059 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The activity of the photosynthetic carbon-fixing enzyme, ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), is partially inhibited by arsenite in the millimolar concentration range. However, micromolar arsenite can fully inhibit Rubisco in the presence of a potentiating monothiol such as cysteine, cysteamine, 2-mercaptoethanol or N-acetylcysteine, but not glutathione. Arsenite reacts specifically with the vicinal Cys172-Cys192 from the large subunit of Rubisco and with the monothiol to establish a ternary complex, which is suggested to be a trithioarsenical. The stability of the complex is strongly dependent on the nature of the monothiol. Enzyme activity is fully recovered through the disassembly of the complex after eliminating arsenite and/or the thiol from the medium. The synergic combination of arsenite and a monothiol acts also in vivo stopping carbon dioxide fixation in illuminated cultures of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Again, this effect may be reverted by washing the cells. However, in vivo inhibition does not result from the blocking of Rubisco since mutant strains carrying Rubiscos with Cys172 and/or Cys192 substitutions (which are insensitive to arsenite in vitro) are also arrested. This suggests the existence of a specific sensor controlling carbon fixation that is even more sensitive than Rubisco to the arsenite-thiol synergism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemanth P K Sudhani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, E-46100, Spain
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Fu N, Su D, Cort JR, Chen B, Xiong Y, Qian WJ, Konopka AE, Bigelow DJ, Squier TC. Synthesis and Application of an Environmentally Insensitive Cy3-Based Arsenical Fluorescent Probe To Identify Adaptive Microbial Responses Involving Proximal Dithiol Oxidation. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:3567-75. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3117284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Na Fu
- Biological Sciences Division, Fundamental
Sciences
Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Dian Su
- Biological Sciences Division, Fundamental
Sciences
Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - John R. Cort
- Biological Sciences Division, Fundamental
Sciences
Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Baowei Chen
- Biological Sciences Division, Fundamental
Sciences
Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Yijia Xiong
- Biological Sciences Division, Fundamental
Sciences
Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Biological Sciences Division, Fundamental
Sciences
Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Allan E. Konopka
- Biological Sciences Division, Fundamental
Sciences
Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Diana J. Bigelow
- Biological Sciences Division, Fundamental
Sciences
Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Thomas C. Squier
- Biological Sciences Division, Fundamental
Sciences
Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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Structural mechanism of RuBisCO activation by carbamylation of the active site lysine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:18785-90. [PMID: 23112176 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210754109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) is a crucial enzyme in carbon fixation and the most abundant protein on earth. It has been studied extensively by biochemical and structural methods; however, the most essential activation step has not yet been described. Here, we describe the mechanistic details of Lys carbamylation that leads to RuBisCO activation by atmospheric CO(2). We report two crystal structures of nitrosylated RuBisCO from the red algae Galdieria sulphuraria with O(2) and CO(2) bound at the active site. G. sulphuraria RuBisCO is inhibited by cysteine nitrosylation that results in trapping of these gaseous ligands. The structure with CO(2) defines an elusive, preactivation complex that contains a metal cation Mg(2+) surrounded by three H(2)O/OH molecules. Both structures suggest the mechanism for discriminating gaseous ligands by their quadrupole electric moments. We describe conformational changes that allow for intermittent binding of the metal ion required for activation. On the basis of these structures we propose the individual steps of the activation mechanism. Knowledge of all these elements is indispensable for engineering RuBisCO into a more efficient enzyme for crop enhancement or as a remedy to global warming.
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Jiang YP, Cheng F, Zhou YH, Xia XJ, Mao WH, Shi K, Chen Z, Yu JQ. Cellular glutathione redox homeostasis plays an important role in the brassinosteroid-induced increase in CO2 assimilation in Cucumis sativus. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2012; 194:932-943. [PMID: 22432590 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04111.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) play a vital role in plant growth, stress tolerance and productivity. Here, the involvement of BRs in the regulation of CO(2) assimilation and cellular redox homeostasis was studied. The effects of BRs on CO(2) assimilation were studied in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) through the analysis of the accumulation of H(2)O(2) and glutathione and photosynthesis-related enzyme activities using histochemical and cytochemical detection or a spectrophotometric assay, and Rubisco activase (RCA) using western blot analysis and immunogold labeling. Exogenous BR increased apoplastic H(2)O(2) accumulation, the ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione (GSH:GSSG) and CO(2) assimilation, whereas a BR biosynthetic inhibitor had the opposite effects. BR-induced CO(2) assimilation was decreased by a H(2)O(2) scavenger or inhibition of H(2)O(2) generation, GSH biosynthesis and the NADPH-generating pentose phosphate pathway. BR-, H(2)O(2) - or GSH-induced CO(2) assimilation was associated with increased activity of enzymes in the Benson-Calvin cycle. Immunogold labeling and western blotting showed that BR increased the content of RCA and this effect was blocked by inhibitors of redox homeostasis. These results strongly suggest that BR-induced photosynthesis involves an H(2)O(2) -mediated increase in the GSH:GSSG ratio, which may positively regulate the synthesis and activation of redox-sensitive enzymes in carbon fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ping Jiang
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fei Cheng
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan-Hong Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Xia
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei-Hua Mao
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhixiang Chen
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2054, USA
| | - Jing-Quan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Zijingang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Lindahl M, Mata-Cabana A, Kieselbach T. The disulfide proteome and other reactive cysteine proteomes: analysis and functional significance. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 14:2581-642. [PMID: 21275844 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ten years ago, proteomics techniques designed for large-scale investigations of redox-sensitive proteins started to emerge. The proteomes, defined as sets of proteins containing reactive cysteines that undergo oxidative post-translational modifications, have had a particular impact on research concerning the redox regulation of cellular processes. These proteomes, which are hereafter termed "disulfide proteomes," have been studied in nearly all kingdoms of life, including animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria. Disulfide proteomics has been applied to the identification of proteins modified by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species under stress conditions. Other studies involving disulfide proteomics have addressed the functions of thioredoxins and glutaredoxins. Hence, there is a steadily growing number of proteins containing reactive cysteines, which are probable targets for redox regulation. The disulfide proteomes have provided evidence that entire pathways, such as glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and the Calvin-Benson cycle, are controlled by mechanisms involving changes in the cysteine redox state of each enzyme implicated. Synthesis and degradation of proteins are processes highly represented in disulfide proteomes and additional biochemical data have established some mechanisms for their redox regulation. Thus, combined with biochemistry and genetics, disulfide proteomics has a significant potential to contribute to new discoveries on redox regulation and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Lindahl
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de la Cartuja, Seville, Spain
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Zilliges Y, Kehr JC, Meissner S, Ishida K, Mikkat S, Hagemann M, Kaplan A, Börner T, Dittmann E. The cyanobacterial hepatotoxin microcystin binds to proteins and increases the fitness of microcystis under oxidative stress conditions. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17615. [PMID: 21445264 PMCID: PMC3060824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microcystins are cyanobacterial toxins that represent a serious threat to drinking water and recreational lakes worldwide. Here, we show that microcystin fulfils an important function within cells of its natural producer Microcystis. The microcystin deficient mutant ΔmcyB showed significant changes in the accumulation of proteins, including several enzymes of the Calvin cycle, phycobiliproteins and two NADPH-dependent reductases. We have discovered that microcystin binds to a number of these proteins in vivo and that the binding is strongly enhanced under high light and oxidative stress conditions. The nature of this binding was studied using extracts of a microcystin-deficient mutant in vitro. The data obtained provided clear evidence for a covalent interaction of the toxin with cysteine residues of proteins. A detailed investigation of one of the binding partners, the large subunit of RubisCO showed a lower susceptibility to proteases in the presence of microcystin in the wild type. Finally, the mutant defective in microcystin production exhibited a clearly increased sensitivity under high light conditions and after hydrogen peroxide treatment. Taken together, our data suggest a protein-modulating role for microcystin within the producing cell, which represents a new addition to the catalogue of functions that have been discussed for microbial secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Zilliges
- Institute of Biology, Department of Molecular Ecology, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan-Christoph Kehr
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of Microbiology Potsdam-Golm, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sven Meissner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of Microbiology Potsdam-Golm, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Keishi Ishida
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Mikkat
- Medical Faculty, Core Facility Proteome Analysis, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Martin Hagemann
- Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Physiology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Aaron Kaplan
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Thomas Börner
- Humboldt University, Institute of Biology, Department of Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elke Dittmann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of Microbiology Potsdam-Golm, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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Carmo-Silva AE, Barta C, Salvucci ME. Isolation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from leaves. Methods Mol Biol 2011; 684:339-347. [PMID: 20960141 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-925-3_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) is a multifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the fixation of CO2 and O2 in photosynthesis and photorespiration, respectively. As the rate-limiting step in photosynthesis, improving the catalytic properties of Rubisco has long been viewed as a viable strategy for increasing plant productivity. Advances in biotechnology have made this goal more attainable by making it possible to modify Rubisco in planta. To properly evaluate the properties of Rubisco, it is necessary to isolate the enzyme in pure form. This chapter describes procedures for rapid and efficient purification of Rubisco from leaves of several species.
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Pérez P, Rabnecz G, Laufer Z, Gutiérrez D, Tuba Z, Martínez-Carrasco R. Restoration of photosystem II photochemistry and carbon assimilation and related changes in chlorophyll and protein contents during the rehydration of desiccated Xerophyta scabrida leaves. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2011; 62:895-905. [PMID: 20956360 PMCID: PMC3022389 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erq317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2010] [Revised: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 09/21/2010] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Recovery of photosynthesis in rehydrating desiccated leaves of the poikilochlorophyllous desiccation-tolerant plant Xerophyta scabrida was investigated. Detached leaves were remoistened under 12 h light/dark cycles for 96 h. Water, chlorophyll (Chl), and protein contents, Chl fluorescence, photosynthesis-CO(2) concentration response, and the amount and activity of Rubisco were measured at intervals during the rehydration period. Leaf relative water contents reached 87% in 12 h and full turgor in 96 h. Chl synthesis was slower before than after 24 h, and Chla:Chlb ratios changed from 0.13 to 2.6 in 48 h. The maximum quantum efficiency recovered faster during rehydration than the photosystem II operating efficiency and the efficiency factor, which is known to depend mainly on the use of the electron transport chain products. From 24 h to 96 h of rehydration, net carbon fixation was Rubisco limited, rather than electron transport limited. Total Rubisco activity increased during rehydration more than the Rubisco protein content. Desiccated leaves contained, in a close to functional state, more than half the amount of the Rubisco protein present in rehydrated leaves. The results suggest that in X. scabrida leaves Rubisco adopts a special, protective conformation and recovers its activity during rehydration through modifications in redox status.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pérez
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca, CSIC, Apartado 257, 37071 Salamanca, Spain.
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Aranjuelo I, Molero G, Erice G, Avice JC, Nogués S. Plant physiology and proteomics reveals the leaf response to drought in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2011; 62:111-23. [PMID: 20797998 PMCID: PMC2993905 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erq249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2010] [Revised: 07/20/2010] [Accepted: 07/20/2010] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite its relevance, protein regulation, metabolic adjustment, and the physiological status of plants under drought is not well understood in relation to the role of nitrogen fixation in nodules. In this study, nodulated alfalfa plants were exposed to drought conditions. The study determined the physiological, metabolic, and proteomic processes involved in photosynthetic inhibition in relation to the decrease in nitrogenase (N(ase)) activity. The deleterious effect of drought on alfalfa performance was targeted towards photosynthesis and N(ase) activity. At the leaf level, photosynthetic inhibition was mainly caused by the inhibition of Rubisco. The proteomic profile and physiological measurements revealed that the reduced carboxylation capacity of droughted plants was related to limitations in Rubisco protein content, activation state, and RuBP regeneration. Drought also decreased amino acid content such as asparagine, and glutamic acid, and Rubisco protein content indicating that N availability limitations were caused by N(ase) activity inhibition. In this context, drought induced the decrease in Rubisco binding protein content at the leaf level and proteases were up-regulated so as to degrade Rubisco protein. This degradation enabled the reallocation of the Rubisco-derived N to the synthesis of amino acids with osmoregulant capacity. Rubisco degradation under drought conditions was induced so as to remobilize Rubisco-derived N to compensate for the decrease in N associated with N(ase) inhibition. Metabolic analyses showed that droughted plants increased amino acid (proline, a major compound involved in osmotic regulation) and soluble sugar (D-pinitol) levels to contribute towards the decrease in osmotic potential (Ψ(s)). At the nodule level, drought had an inhibitory effect on N(ase) activity. This decrease in N(ase) activity was not induced by substrate shortage, as reflected by an increase in total soluble sugars (TSS) in the nodules. Proline accumulation in the nodule could also be associated with an osmoregulatory response to drought and might function as a protective agent against ROS. In droughted nodules, the decrease in N(2) fixation was caused by an increase in oxygen resistance that was induced in the nodule. This was a mechanism to avoid oxidative damage associated with reduced respiration activity and the consequent increase in oxygen content. This study highlighted that even though drought had a direct effect on leaves, the deleterious effects of drought on nodules also conditioned leaf responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iker Aranjuelo
- Unitat de Fisiologia Vegetal, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Ghysels B, Franck F. Hydrogen photo-evolution upon S deprivation stepwise: an illustration of microalgal photosynthetic and metabolic flexibility and a step stone for future biotechnological methods of renewable H(2) production. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2010; 106:145-54. [PMID: 20658193 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-010-9582-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Accepted: 07/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic flexibility of some photosynthetic microalgae enables them to survive periods of anaerobiosis in the light by developing a particular photofermentative metabolism. The latter entails compounds of the photosynthetic electron transfer chain and an oxygen-sensitive hydrogenase in order to reoxidize reducing equivalents and to generate ATP for maintaining basal metabolic function. This pathway results in the photo-evolution of hydrogen gas by the algae. A decade ago, Melis and coworkers managed to reproduce such a condition in a laboratory context by depletion of sulfur in the algal culture media, making the photo-evolution by the algae sustainable for several days (Melis et al. in Plant Physiol 122:127-136, 2000). This observation boosted research in algal H(2) evolution. A feature, which due to its transient nature was long time considered as a curiosity of algal photosynthesis suddenly became a phenomenon with biotechnological potential. Although the Melis procedure has not been developed into a biotechnological process of renewable H(2) generation so far, it has been a useful tool for studying microalgal metabolic and photosynthetic flexibility and a possible step stone for future H(2) production procedures. Ten years later most of the critical steps and limitations of H(2) production by this protocol have been studied from different angles particularly with the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, by introducing various changes in culture conditions and making use of mutants issued from different screens or by reverse genomic approaches. A synthesis of these observations with the most important conclusions driven from recent studies will be presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Ghysels
- Department of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry and Photobiology, Université de Liège, B22, 27, Boulevard du Rectorat, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
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50
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Thivierge K, Prado A, Driscoll BT, Bonneil E, Thibault P, Bede JC. Caterpillar- and salivary-specific modification of plant proteins. J Proteome Res 2010; 9:5887-95. [PMID: 20857983 DOI: 10.1021/pr100643m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Though there is overlap, plant responses to caterpillar herbivory show distinct variations from mechanical wounding. In particular, effectors in caterpillar oral secretions modify wound-associated plant responses. Previous studies have focused on transcriptional and protein abundance differences in response to caterpillar herbivory. This study investigated Spodoptera exigua caterpillar-specific post-translational modification of Arabidopsis thaliana soluble leaf proteins by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization/mass spectroscopy/mass spectroscopy (LC/ESI/MS/MS). Given that caterpillar labial saliva contains oxidoreductases, such as glucose oxidase, particular attention was paid to redox-associated modifications, such as the oxidation of protein cysteine residues. Caterpillar- and saliva-specific protein modifications were observed. Differential phosphorylation of the jasmonic acid biosynthetic enzyme, lipoxygenase 2, and a chaperonin protein is seen in plants fed upon by caterpillars with intact salivary secretions compared to herbivory by larvae with impaired labial salivary secretions. Often a systemic suppression of photosynthesis is associated with caterpillar herbivory. Of the five proteins modified in a caterpillar-specific manner (a transcription repressor, a DNA-repair enzyme, PS I P700, Rubisco and Rubisco activase), three are associated with photosynthesis. Oxidative modifications are observed, such as caterpillar-specific denitrosylation of Rubisco activase and chaperonin, cysteine oxidation of Rubisco, DNA-repair enzyme, and chaperonin and caterpillar-specific 4-oxo-2-nonenal modification of the DNA-repair enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Thivierge
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada
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