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Tcherkez G, Ben Mariem S, Jauregui I, Larraya L, García-Mina JM, Zamarreño AM, Fangmeier A, Aranjuelo I. Differential effects of elevated CO 2 on awn and glume metabolism in durum wheat ( Triticum durum). Funct Plant Biol 2024; 51:FP23255. [PMID: 38388529 DOI: 10.1071/fp23255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
While the effect of CO2 enrichment on wheat (Triticum spp.) photosynthesis, nitrogen content or yield has been well-studied, the impact of elevated CO2 on metabolic pathways in organs other than leaves is poorly documented. In particular, glumes and awns, which may refix CO2 respired by developing grains and be naturally exposed to higher-than-ambient CO2 mole fraction, could show specific responses to elevated CO2 . Here, we took advantage of a free-air CO2 enrichment experiment and performed multilevel analyses, including metabolomics, ionomics, proteomics, major hormones and isotopes in Triticum durum . While in leaves, elevated CO2 tended to accelerate amino acid metabolism with many significantly affected metabolites, the effect on glumes and awns metabolites was modest. There was a lower content in compounds of the polyamine pathway (along with uracile and allantoin) under elevated CO2 , suggesting a change in secondary N metabolism. Also, cytokinin metabolism appeared to be significantly affected under elevated CO2 . Despite this, elevated CO2 did not affect the final composition of awn and glume organic matter, with the same content in carbon, nitrogen and other elements. We conclude that elevated CO2 mostly impacts on leaf metabolism but has little effect in awns and glumes, including their composition at maturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Tcherkez
- Research School of Biology, ANU Joint College of Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; and Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, INRA d'Angers, Université d'Angers, Structure Fédérative de Recherche QUASAV, 42 rue Georges Morel, Beaucouzé 49071, France
| | - Sinda Ben Mariem
- AgroBiotechnology Institute (IdAB), CSIC-Government of Navarre, Av. Pamplona 123, Mutilva 31006, Spain
| | - Iván Jauregui
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Applied Biology, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus Arrosadia, Pamplona 31006, Spain
| | - Luis Larraya
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Applied Biology, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus Arrosadia, Pamplona 31006, Spain
| | - Jose M García-Mina
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia y Nutrición, Grupo de Biología y Química Agrícola (Departamento de Biología Ambiental), c/Irunlarrea 1, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Angel M Zamarreño
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia y Nutrición, Grupo de Biología y Química Agrícola (Departamento de Biología Ambiental), c/Irunlarrea 1, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Andreas Fangmeier
- Institute of Landscape and Plant Ecology, University of Hohenheim, Ottilie-Zeller-Weg 3, Stuttgart 70599, Germany
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- AgroBiotechnology Institute (IdAB), CSIC-Government of Navarre, Av. Pamplona 123, Mutilva 31006, Spain
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Gámez AL, Han X, Aranjuelo I. Differential Effect of Free-Air CO 2 Enrichment (FACE) in Different Organs and Growth Stages of Two Cultivars of Durum Wheat. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:686. [PMID: 36771770 PMCID: PMC9920850 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Wheat is a target crop within the food security context. The responses of wheat plants under elevated concentrations of CO2 (e[CO2]) have been previously studied; however, few of these studies have evaluated several organs at different phenological stages simultaneously under free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) conditions. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of e[CO2] in two cultivars of wheat (Triumph and Norin), analyzed at three phenological stages (elongation, anthesis, and maturation) and in different organs at each stage, under FACE conditions. Agronomic, biomass, physiological, and carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics were examined in both ambient CO2 (a[CO2]) fixed at 415 µmol mol-1 CO2 and e[CO2] at 550 µmol mol-1 CO2. We found minimal effect of e[CO2] compared to a[CO2] on agronomic and biomass parameters. Also, while exposure to 550 µmol mol-1 CO2 increased the photosynthetic rate of CO2 assimilation (An), the current study showed a diminishment in the maximum carboxylation (Vc,max) and maximum electron transport (Jmax) under e[CO2] conditions compared to a[CO2] at physiological level in both cultivars. However, even if no significant differences were detected between cultivars on photosynthetic machinery, differential responses between cultivars were detected in C and N dynamics at e[CO2]. Triumph showed starch accumulation in most organs during anthesis and maturation, but a decline in N content was observed. Contrastingly, in Norin, a decrease in starch content during the three stages and an increase in N content was observed. The amino acid content decreased in grain and shells at maturation in both cultivars, which might indicate a minimal translocation from source to sink organs. These results suggest a greater acclimation to e[CO2] enrichment in Triumph than Norin, because both the elongation stage and e[CO2] modified the source-sink relationship. According to the differences between cultivars, future studies should be performed to test genetic variation under FACE technology and explore the potential of cultivars to cope with projected climate scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angie L. Gámez
- Agrobiotechnology Institute (IdAB), CSIC—Government of Navarre, 31192 Mutilva Baja, Spain
- NAFOSA Company, 31350 Peralta, Spain
| | - Xue Han
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (IEDA, CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Agrobiotechnology Institute (IdAB), CSIC—Government of Navarre, 31192 Mutilva Baja, Spain
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3
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Ferchichi Y, Rouz S, Mhara YB, Elimem M, Aranjuelo I, Soba D. Medicago sativa and M. tunetana reveal contrasting physiological and metabolic responses to drought. J Plant Physiol 2023; 280:153885. [PMID: 36470037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Alfalfa production is frequently constrained by drought, indicating the importance of assessing species biodiversity in endemic close relatives to enhance forage production under future global change conditions. In the present study, plants of two ecotypes of M. tunetana, native to Tunisia, and four commercial cultivars of M. sativa were subjected to two water regimes (control vs drought [15% field capacity]). Physiological, isotopic and metabolic analyses were used to characterize leaf and nodule profiles of the plants. Biomass, gas exchange and the maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax) indicated significant decreases in photosynthetic capacity under drought in M. sativa cultivars. However, M. tunetana ecotypes maintained photosynthetic performance and aboveground biomass under drought conditions. Furthermore, nitrogen isotope composition (δ15N) in nodules and leaves was significantly decreased, which reveals a reduction in the N2 fixing activity of nodules under drought conditions that was not translated into lower leaf N content but was probably due to lower N demand. Analyses of starch, soluble sugar, and amino acid content in leaves and nodules have clearly proven the ability of Medicago spp. cultivars to increase the accumulation of osmo-protectors under drought. This study demonstrated the genetic variability of the strategy adopted among the studied cultivars in response to drought. In this sense, M. tunetana, and in part the M. sativa cultivar adapted to Mediterranean conditions, seem capable of maintaining adequate biomass, photosynthesis and biological N2 fixation in comparison to the other M. sativa cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosr Ferchichi
- Laboratory of Agriculture Production Systems and Sustainable Development (LR03AGR02), Department of Agricultural Production, Higher School of Agriculture of Mograne, University of Carthage, Mograne-Zaghouan, 1121, Tunisia; National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia, University of Carthage, Tunis, 1082, Tunisia
| | - Slim Rouz
- Laboratory of Agriculture Production Systems and Sustainable Development (LR03AGR02), Department of Agricultural Production, Higher School of Agriculture of Mograne, University of Carthage, Mograne-Zaghouan, 1121, Tunisia
| | - Yosr Ben Mhara
- Laboratory of Agriculture Production Systems and Sustainable Development (LR03AGR02), Department of Agricultural Production, Higher School of Agriculture of Mograne, University of Carthage, Mograne-Zaghouan, 1121, Tunisia; National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia, University of Carthage, Tunis, 1082, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Elimem
- Laboratory of Agriculture Production Systems and Sustainable Development (LR03AGR02), Department of Agricultural Production, Higher School of Agriculture of Mograne, University of Carthage, Mograne-Zaghouan, 1121, Tunisia
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Avenida Pamplona 123, 31192, Mutilva, Spain
| | - David Soba
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Avenida Pamplona 123, 31192, Mutilva, Spain.
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Encinas‐Valero M, Esteban R, Hereş A, Vivas M, Fakhet D, Aranjuelo I, Solla A, Moreno G, Curiel Yuste J. Holm oak decline is determined by shifts in fine root phenotypic plasticity in response to belowground stress. New Phytol 2022; 235:2237-2251. [PMID: 35491749 PMCID: PMC9541754 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and pathogen outbreaks are the two major causes of decline in Mediterranean holm oak trees (Quercus ilex L. subsp. ballota (Desf.) Samp.). Crown-level changes in response to these stressful conditions have been widely documented but the responses of the root systems remain unexplored. The effects of environmental stress over roots and its potential role during the declining process need to be evaluated. We aimed to study how key morphological and architectural root parameters and nonstructural carbohydrates of roots are affected along a holm oak health gradient (i.e. within healthy, susceptible and declining trees). Holm oaks with different health statuses had different soil resource-uptake strategies. While healthy and susceptible trees showed a conservative resource-uptake strategy independently of soil nutrient availability, declining trees optimized soil resource acquisition by increasing the phenotypic plasticity of their fine root system. This increase in fine root phenotypic plasticity in declining holm oaks represents an energy-consuming strategy promoted to cope with the stress and at the expense of foliage maintenance. Our study describes a potential feedback loop resulting from strong unprecedented belowground stress that ultimately may lead to poor adaptation and tree death in the Spanish dehesa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Encinas‐Valero
- BC3‐Basque Centre for Climate ChangeScientific Campus of the University of the Basque CountryB/Sarriena s/n48940LeioaBizkaiaSpain
| | - Raquel Esteban
- Department of Plant Biology and EcologyUniversity of Basque Country (UPV/EHU)B/Sarriena s/n48940LeioaBizkaiaSpain
| | - Ana‐Maria Hereş
- BC3‐Basque Centre for Climate ChangeScientific Campus of the University of the Basque CountryB/Sarriena s/n48940LeioaBizkaiaSpain
- Department of Forest SciencesTransilvania University of BraşovSirul Beethoven‐1500123BraşovRomania
| | - María Vivas
- Faculty of ForestryInstitute for Dehesa Research (INDEHESA)Universidad de ExtremaduraAvenida Virgen del Puerto 210600PlasenciaCáceresSpain
| | - Dorra Fakhet
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)‐Gobierno de NavarraAvenida Pamplona 12331192MutilvaSpain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)‐Gobierno de NavarraAvenida Pamplona 12331192MutilvaSpain
| | - Alejandro Solla
- Faculty of ForestryInstitute for Dehesa Research (INDEHESA)Universidad de ExtremaduraAvenida Virgen del Puerto 210600PlasenciaCáceresSpain
| | - Gerardo Moreno
- Faculty of ForestryInstitute for Dehesa Research (INDEHESA)Universidad de ExtremaduraAvenida Virgen del Puerto 210600PlasenciaCáceresSpain
| | - Jorge Curiel Yuste
- BC3‐Basque Centre for Climate ChangeScientific Campus of the University of the Basque CountryB/Sarriena s/n48940LeioaBizkaiaSpain
- IKERBASQUE – Basque Foundation for SciencePlaza Euskadi 5E‐48009BilbaoBizkaiaSpain
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Soba D, Arrese-Igor C, Aranjuelo I. Additive effects of heatwave and water stresses on soybean seed yield is caused by impaired carbon assimilation at pod formation but not at flowering. Plant Sci 2022; 321:111320. [PMID: 35696920 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heatwave (HW) combined with water stress (WS) are critical environmental factors negatively affecting crop development. This study aimed to quantify the individual and combined effects of HW and WS during early reproductive stages on leaf and nodule functioning and their relation with final soybean seed yield (SY). For this purpose, during flowering (R2) and pod formation (R4) soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) plants were exposed to different temperature (ambient[25ºC] versus HW[40ºC]) and water availability (full capacity versus WS[20% field capacity]). HW, WS and their combined impact on yield depended on the phenological stage at which stress was applied being more affected at R4. For gas exchange, WS severely impaired photosynthetic machinery, especially when combined with HS. Impaired photoassimilate supply at flowering caused flower abortion and a significant reduction in final SY due to interacting stresses and WS. On the other hand, at pod formation (R4), decreased leaf performance caused additive effect on SY by decreasing pod setting and seed size with combined stresses. At the nodule level, WS (alone or in combination with HW) caused nodule impairment, which was reflected by lower leaf N. Such response was linked with a poor malate supply to bacteroids and feed-back inhibition caused by nitrogenous compounds accumulation. In summary, our study noted that soybean sensitivity to interacting heat and water stresses was highly conditioned by the phenological stage at which it occurs with, R4 stage being the critical moment. To our knowledge this is the first soybean work integrating combined stresses at early reproductive stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Soba
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Av. Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - Cesar Arrese-Igor
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNa), Campus Arrosadia, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Av. Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain.
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6
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Jauregui I, Rivero-Marcos M, Aranjuelo I, Aparicio-Tejo PM, Lasa B, Ariz I. Could ammonium nutrition increase plant C-sink strength under elevated CO 2 conditions? Plant Sci 2022; 320:111277. [PMID: 35643605 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) is increasing, and this affects plant photosynthesis and biomass production. Under elevated CO2 conditions (eCO2), plants need to cope with an unbalanced carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N) due to a limited C sink strength and/or the reported constrains in leaf N. Here, we present a physiological and metabolic analysis of ammonium (NH4+)-tolerant pea plants (Pisum sativum L., cv. snap pea) grown hydroponically with moderate or high NH4+ concentrations (2.5 or 10 mM), and under two atmospheric CO2 concentrations (400 and 800 ppm). We found that the photosynthetic efficiency of the NH4+ tolerant pea plants remain intact under eCO2 thanks to the capacity of the plants to maintain the foliar N status (N content and total soluble proteins), and the higher C-skeleton requirements for NH4+ assimilation. The capacity of pea plants grown at 800 ppm to promote the C allocation into mobile pools of sugar (mainly sucrose and glucose) instead of starch contributed to balancing plant C/N. Our results also support previous observations: plants exposed to eCO2 and NH4+ nutrition can increase of stomatal conductance. Considering the C and N source-sink balance of our plants, we call for exploring a novel trait, combining NH4+ tolerant plants with a proper NH4+ nutrition management, as a way for a better exploitation of eCO2 in C3 crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Jauregui
- Department of Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Public University of Navarre, Campus Arrosadía, Pamplona 31006, Spain; Plant Genetics, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (GxABT), University of Liege, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Mikel Rivero-Marcos
- Department of Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Public University of Navarre, Campus Arrosadía, Pamplona 31006, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, Mutilva Baja E-31192, Spain
| | - Pedro M Aparicio-Tejo
- Department of Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Public University of Navarre, Campus Arrosadía, Pamplona 31006, Spain
| | - Berta Lasa
- Department of Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Public University of Navarre, Campus Arrosadía, Pamplona 31006, Spain.
| | - Idoia Ariz
- Department of Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Public University of Navarre, Campus Arrosadía, Pamplona 31006, Spain
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Carvalho FEL, Ware MA, Lima Neto MC, Aranjuelo I. Editorial: Photosynthetic Efficiency Under Multiple Stress Conditions: Prospects for Increasing Crop Yields. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:893730. [PMID: 35574071 PMCID: PMC9096905 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.893730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maxwell Adam Ware
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | | | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change Lab Navarra, Agrobiotechnology Institute (IdAB), Navarra, Spain
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8
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Soba D, Gámez AL, Becerril JM, Esteban R, Aranjuelo I. Traffic restrictions during COVID-19 lockdown improve air quality and reduce metal biodeposition in tree leaves. Urban For Urban Green 2022; 70:127542. [PMID: 35310684 PMCID: PMC8916843 DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2022.127542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has had a great global impact on human health, the life of people, and economies all over the world. However, in general, COVID-19´s effect on air quality has been positive due to the restrictions on social and economic activity. This study aimed to assess the impact on air quality and metal deposition of actions taken to reduce mobility in 2020 in two different urban locations. For this purpose, we analysed air pollution (NO2, NO, NOx, SO2, CO, PM10, O3) and metal accumulation in leaves of Tilia cordata collected from April to September 2020 in two cities in northern Spain (Pamplona-PA and San Sebastián-SS). We compared their values with data from the previous year (2019) (in which there were no mobility restrictions) obtained under an identical experimental design. We found that metal accumulation was mostly lower during 2020 (compared with 2019), and lockdown caused significant reductions in urban air pollution. Nitrogen oxides decreased by 33%-44%, CO by 24%-38%, and PM10 by 16%-24%. The contents of traffic-related metals were significantly reduced in both studied cities. More specifically, significant decreases in metals related to tyre and brake wear (Zn, Fe, and Cu) and road dust resuspension (Al, Ti, Fe, Mn, and Ca) were observed. With these results, we conclude that the main reason for the improvement in urban air pollutants and metals was the reduction in the use of cars due to COVID-19 lockdown. In addition, we offer some evidence indicating the suitability of T. cordata leaves as a tool for biomonitoring metal accumulation. This information is relevant for future use by the scientific community and policy makers to implement measures to reduce traffic air pollution in urban areas and to improve environmental and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Soba
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Avenida Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - Angie L Gámez
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Avenida Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - José María Becerril
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), c/Sarriena s/n, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Raquel Esteban
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), c/Sarriena s/n, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Avenida Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain
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Buchaillot ML, Soba D, Shu T, Liu J, Aranjuelo I, Araus JL, Runion GB, Prior SA, Kefauver SC, Sanz-Saez A. Estimating peanut and soybean photosynthetic traits using leaf spectral reflectance and advance regression models. Planta 2022; 255:93. [PMID: 35325309 PMCID: PMC8948130 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03867-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION By combining hyperspectral signatures of peanut and soybean, we predicted Vcmax and Jmax with 70 and 50% accuracy. The PLS was the model that better predicted these photosynthetic parameters. One proposed key strategy for increasing potential crop stability and yield centers on exploitation of genotypic variability in photosynthetic capacity through precise high-throughput phenotyping techniques. Photosynthetic parameters, such as the maximum rate of Rubisco catalyzed carboxylation (Vc,max) and maximum electron transport rate supporting RuBP regeneration (Jmax), have been identified as key targets for improvement. The primary techniques for measuring these physiological parameters are very time-consuming. However, these parameters could be estimated using rapid and non-destructive leaf spectroscopy techniques. This study compared four different advanced regression models (PLS, BR, ARDR, and LASSO) to estimate Vc,max and Jmax based on leaf reflectance spectra measured with an ASD FieldSpec4. Two leguminous species were tested under different controlled environmental conditions: (1) peanut under different water regimes at normal atmospheric conditions and (2) soybean under high [CO2] and high night temperature. Model sensitivities were assessed for each crop and treatment separately and in combination to identify strengths and weaknesses of each modeling approach. Regardless of regression model, robust predictions were achieved for Vc,max (R2 = 0.70) and Jmax (R2 = 0.50). Field spectroscopy shows promising results for estimating spatial and temporal variations in photosynthetic capacity based on leaf and canopy spectral properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma Luisa Buchaillot
- Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- AGROTECNIO (Center for Research in Agrotechnology), Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - David Soba
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Av. Pamplona 123, 31192, Mutilva, Spain
| | - Tianchu Shu
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, Alabama, USA
| | - Juan Liu
- Industrial Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan, China
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Av. Pamplona 123, 31192, Mutilva, Spain
| | - José Luis Araus
- Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- AGROTECNIO (Center for Research in Agrotechnology), Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - G Brett Runion
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, National Soil Dynamics Laboratory, Auburn, AL, 36832, USA
| | - Stephen A Prior
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, National Soil Dynamics Laboratory, Auburn, AL, 36832, USA
| | - Shawn C Kefauver
- Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
- AGROTECNIO (Center for Research in Agrotechnology), Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
| | - Alvaro Sanz-Saez
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, Alabama, USA.
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Ancín M, Larraya L, Florez-Sarasa I, Bénard C, Fernández-San Millán A, Veramendi J, Gibon Y, Fernie AR, Aranjuelo I, Farran I. Overexpression of thioredoxin m in chloroplasts alters carbon and nitrogen partitioning in tobacco. J Exp Bot 2021; 72:4949-4964. [PMID: 33963398 PMCID: PMC8219043 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In plants, there is a complex interaction between carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) metabolism, and its coordination is fundamental for plant growth and development. Here, we studied the influence of thioredoxin (Trx) m on C and N partitioning using tobacco plants overexpressing Trx m from the chloroplast genome. The transgenic plants showed altered metabolism of C (lower leaf starch and soluble sugar accumulation) and N (with higher amounts of amino acids and soluble protein), which pointed to an activation of N metabolism at the expense of carbohydrates. To further delineate the effect of Trx m overexpression, metabolomic and enzymatic analyses were performed on these plants. These results showed an up-regulation of the glutamine synthetase-glutamate synthase pathway; specifically tobacco plants overexpressing Trx m displayed increased activity and stability of glutamine synthetase. Moreover, higher photorespiration and nitrate accumulation were observed in these plants relative to untransformed control plants, indicating that overexpression of Trx m favors the photorespiratory N cycle rather than primary nitrate assimilation. Taken together, our results reveal the importance of Trx m as a molecular mediator of N metabolism in plant chloroplasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Ancín
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Applied Biology (IMAB), Dpto. Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación, Universidad Publica de Navarra (UPNA), Campus Arrosadia, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Luis Larraya
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Applied Biology (IMAB), Dpto. Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación, Universidad Publica de Navarra (UPNA), Campus Arrosadia, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Igor Florez-Sarasa
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Camille Bénard
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie and Plateforme Metabolome Bordeaux, INRA, Bordeaux University, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Alicia Fernández-San Millán
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Applied Biology (IMAB), Dpto. Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación, Universidad Publica de Navarra (UPNA), Campus Arrosadia, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jon Veramendi
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Applied Biology (IMAB), Dpto. Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación, Universidad Publica de Navarra (UPNA), Campus Arrosadia, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Yves Gibon
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie and Plateforme Metabolome Bordeaux, INRA, Bordeaux University, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Avda. Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Farran
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Applied Biology (IMAB), Dpto. Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación, Universidad Publica de Navarra (UPNA), Campus Arrosadia, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
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11
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Ben Mariem S, Soba D, Zhou B, Loladze I, Morales F, Aranjuelo I. Climate Change, Crop Yields, and Grain Quality of C 3 Cereals: A Meta-Analysis of [CO 2], Temperature, and Drought Effects. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:1052. [PMID: 34074065 PMCID: PMC8225050 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cereal yield and grain quality may be impaired by environmental factors associated with climate change. Major factors, including elevated CO2 concentration ([CO2]), elevated temperature, and drought stress, have been identified as affecting C3 crop production and quality. A meta-analysis of existing literature was performed to study the impact of these three environmental factors on the yield and nutritional traits of C3 cereals. Elevated [CO2] stimulates grain production (through larger grain numbers) and starch accumulation but negatively affects nutritional traits such as protein and mineral content. In contrast to [CO2], increased temperature and drought cause significant grain yield loss, with stronger effects observed from the latter. Elevated temperature decreases grain yield by decreasing the thousand grain weight (TGW). Nutritional quality is also negatively influenced by the changing climate, which will impact human health. Similar to drought, heat stress decreases starch content but increases grain protein and mineral concentrations. Despite the positive effect of elevated [CO2], increases to grain yield seem to be counterbalanced by heat and drought stress. Regarding grain nutritional value and within the three environmental factors, the increase in [CO2] is possibly the more detrimental to face because it will affect cereal quality independently of the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinda Ben Mariem
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Avda. de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain; (S.B.M.); (D.S.); (F.M.)
| | - David Soba
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Avda. de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain; (S.B.M.); (D.S.); (F.M.)
| | - Bangwei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China;
| | - Irakli Loladze
- Bryan Medical Center, Bryan College of Health Sciences, Lincoln, NE 68506, USA;
| | - Fermín Morales
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Avda. de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain; (S.B.M.); (D.S.); (F.M.)
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Avda. de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain; (S.B.M.); (D.S.); (F.M.)
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12
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Ben Mariem S, Soba D, Zhou B, Loladze I, Morales F, Aranjuelo I. Climate Change, Crop Yields, and Grain Quality of C 3 Cereals: A Meta-Analysis of [CO 2], Temperature, and Drought Effects. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10061052. [PMID: 34074065 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061052`] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Cereal yield and grain quality may be impaired by environmental factors associated with climate change. Major factors, including elevated CO2 concentration ([CO2]), elevated temperature, and drought stress, have been identified as affecting C3 crop production and quality. A meta-analysis of existing literature was performed to study the impact of these three environmental factors on the yield and nutritional traits of C3 cereals. Elevated [CO2] stimulates grain production (through larger grain numbers) and starch accumulation but negatively affects nutritional traits such as protein and mineral content. In contrast to [CO2], increased temperature and drought cause significant grain yield loss, with stronger effects observed from the latter. Elevated temperature decreases grain yield by decreasing the thousand grain weight (TGW). Nutritional quality is also negatively influenced by the changing climate, which will impact human health. Similar to drought, heat stress decreases starch content but increases grain protein and mineral concentrations. Despite the positive effect of elevated [CO2], increases to grain yield seem to be counterbalanced by heat and drought stress. Regarding grain nutritional value and within the three environmental factors, the increase in [CO2] is possibly the more detrimental to face because it will affect cereal quality independently of the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinda Ben Mariem
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Avda. de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - David Soba
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Avda. de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - Bangwei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Irakli Loladze
- Bryan Medical Center, Bryan College of Health Sciences, Lincoln, NE 68506, USA
| | - Fermín Morales
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Avda. de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Avda. de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain
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13
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Soba D, Aranjuelo I, Gakière B, Gilard F, Pérez-López U, Mena-Petite A, Muñoz-Rueda A, Lacuesta M, Sanz-Saez A. Soybean Inoculated With One Bradyrhizobium Strain Isolated at Elevated [CO 2] Show an Impaired C and N Metabolism When Grown at Ambient [CO 2]. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:656961. [PMID: 34093614 PMCID: PMC8173217 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.656961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max L.) future response to elevated [CO2] has been shown to differ when inoculated with B. japonicum strains isolated at ambient or elevated [CO2]. Plants, inoculated with three Bradyrhizobium strains isolated at different [CO2], were grown in chambers at current and elevated [CO2] (400 vs. 700 ppm). Together with nodule and leaf metabolomic profile, characterization of nodule N-fixation and exchange between organs were tested through 15N2-labeling analysis. Soybeans inoculated with SFJ14-36 strain (isolated at elevated [CO2]) showed a strong metabolic imbalance, at nodule and leaf levels when grown at ambient [CO2], probably due to an insufficient supply of N by nodules, as shown by 15N2-labeling. In nodules, due to shortage of photoassimilate, C may be diverted to aspartic acid instead of malate in order to improve the efficiency of the C source sustaining N2-fixation. In leaves, photorespiration and respiration were boosted at ambient [CO2] in plants inoculated with this strain. Additionally, free phytol, antioxidants, and fatty acid content could be indicate induced senescence due to oxidative stress and lack of nitrogen. Therefore, plants inoculated with Bradyrhizobium strain isolated at elevated [CO2] may have lost their capacity to form effective symbiosis at ambient [CO2] and that was translated at whole plant level through metabolic impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Soba
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Bertrand Gakière
- Plateforme Métabolisme-Métabolome, Institut de Biologie des Plantes, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Françoise Gilard
- Plateforme Métabolisme-Métabolome, Institut de Biologie des Plantes, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Usue Pérez-López
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Amaia Mena-Petite
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Alberto Muñoz-Rueda
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Maite Lacuesta
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Alvaro Sanz-Saez
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
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14
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Fakhet D, Morales F, Jauregui I, Erice G, Aparicio-Tejo PM, González-Murua C, Aroca R, Irigoyen JJ, Aranjuelo I. Short-Term Exposure to High Atmospheric Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD) Severely Impacts Durum Wheat Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism in the Absence of Edaphic Water Stress. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10010120. [PMID: 33435620 PMCID: PMC7827516 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Low atmospheric relative humidity (RH) accompanied by elevated air temperature and decreased precipitation are environmental challenges that wheat production will face in future decades. These changes to the atmosphere are causing increases in air vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and low soil water availability during certain periods of the wheat-growing season. The main objective of this study was to analyze the physiological, metabolic, and transcriptional response of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) metabolism of wheat (Triticum durum cv. Sula) to increases in VPD and soil water stress conditions, either alone or in combination. Plants were first grown in well-watered conditions and near-ambient temperature and RH in temperature-gradient greenhouses until anthesis, and they were then subjected to two different water regimes well-watered (WW) and water-stressed (WS), i.e., watered at 50% of the control for one week, followed by two VPD levels (low, 1.01/0.36 KPa and high, 2.27/0.62 KPa; day/night) for five additional days. Both VPD and soil water content had an important impact on water status and the plant physiological apparatus. While high VPD and water stress-induced stomatal closure affected photosynthetic rates, in the case of plants watered at 50%, high VPD also caused a direct impairment of the RuBisCO large subunit, RuBisCO activase and the electron transport rate. Regarding N metabolism, the gene expression, nitrite reductase (NIR) and transport levels detected in young leaves, as well as determinations of the δ15N and amino acid profiles (arginine, leucine, tryptophan, aspartic acid, and serine) indicated activation of N metabolism and final transport of nitrate to leaves and photosynthesizing cells. On the other hand, under low VPD conditions, a positive effect was only observed on gene expression related to the final step of nitrate supply to photosynthesizing cells, whereas the amount of 15N supplied to the roots that reached the leaves decreased. Such an effect would suggest an impaired N remobilization from other organs to young leaves under water stress conditions and low VPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorra Fakhet
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Avenida Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain; (D.F.); (F.M.)
| | - Fermín Morales
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Avenida Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain; (D.F.); (F.M.)
| | - Iván Jauregui
- Departamento Ciencias del Medio Natural, Campus de Arrosadía, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31192 Pamplona, Spain; (I.J.); (P.M.A.-T.)
| | - Gorka Erice
- Atens, Agrotecnologías Naturales S.L., La Riera de Gaia, 43762 Tarragona, Spain;
| | - Pedro M. Aparicio-Tejo
- Departamento Ciencias del Medio Natural, Campus de Arrosadía, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31192 Pamplona, Spain; (I.J.); (P.M.A.-T.)
| | - Carmen González-Murua
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa-Bizkaia, Spain;
| | - Ricardo Aroca
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain;
| | - Juan J. Irigoyen
- Plant Stress Physiology Group, Associated Unit to CSIC (EEAD, Zaragoza and ICVV, Logroño), Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Avenida Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain; (D.F.); (F.M.)
- Correspondence:
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15
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Mariem SB, Gámez AL, Larraya L, Fuertes-Mendizabal T, Cañameras N, Araus JL, McGrath SP, Hawkesford MJ, Murua CG, Gaudeul M, Medina L, Paton A, Cattivelli L, Fangmeier A, Bunce J, Tausz-Posch S, Macdonald AJ, Aranjuelo I. Assessing the evolution of wheat grain traits during the last 166 years using archived samples. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21828. [PMID: 33311545 PMCID: PMC7733497 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78504-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study focuses on yield and nutritional quality changes of wheat grain over the last 166 years. It is based on wheat grain quality analyses carried out on samples collected between 1850 and 2016. Samples were obtained from the Broadbalk Continuous Wheat Experiment (UK) and from herbaria from 16 different countries around the world. Our study showed that, together with an increase in carbohydrate content, an impoverishment of mineral composition and protein content occurred. The imbalance in carbohydrate/protein content was specially marked after the 1960's, coinciding with strong increases in ambient [CO2] and temperature and the introduction of progressively shorter straw varieties. The implications of altered crop physiology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinda Ben Mariem
- Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)-Government of Navarre, AgroBiotechnology Institute (IdAB), Av. Pamplona 123, 31006, Mutilva, Spain
| | - Angie L Gámez
- Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)-Government of Navarre, AgroBiotechnology Institute (IdAB), Av. Pamplona 123, 31006, Mutilva, Spain
| | - Luis Larraya
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Applied Biology, Dpto. Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus Arrosadia, 31006, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Nuria Cañameras
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EsteveTerrades 8, Building 4, Castelldefels, Spain
| | - José L Araus
- Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, and AGROTECNIO Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Steve P McGrath
- Sustainable Agriculture Sciences, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ, Hertfordshire, UK
| | | | - Carmen Gonzalez Murua
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Myriam Gaudeul
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, EPHE, UA, Sorbonne Université, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 39, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Leopoldo Medina
- Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Real Jardín Botánico, C/ Claudio Moyano 1, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alan Paton
- Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Kew Richmond, TW9 3AB, UK
| | - Luigi Cattivelli
- Agricultural Research Council (CREA), Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Via San Protaso 302, Fiorenzuolad'Arda, Italy
| | - Andreas Fangmeier
- Institute of Landscape and Plant Ecology, University of Hohenheim, August-von-Hartmann-Str. 3, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - James Bunce
- Adaptive Cropping Systems Lab (Retired), Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA
| | - Sabine Tausz-Posch
- Department of Agriculture, Science and the Environment, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQ University Australia, Rockhampton, QLD, Australia
| | - Andy J Macdonald
- Sustainable Agriculture Sciences, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)-Government of Navarre, AgroBiotechnology Institute (IdAB), Av. Pamplona 123, 31006, Mutilva, Spain.
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16
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Ben Mariem S, González-Torralba J, Collar C, Aranjuelo I, Morales F. Durum Wheat Grain Yield and Quality under Low and High Nitrogen Conditions: Insights into Natural Variation in Low- and High-Yielding Genotypes. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1636. [PMID: 33255440 PMCID: PMC7760076 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The availability and management of N are major determinants of crop productivity, but N excessive use has an associated agro-ecosystems environmental impact. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of N fertilization on yield and grain quality of 6 durum wheat genotypes, selected from 20 genotypes as high- and low-yielding genotypes. Two N levels were applied from anthesis to maturity: high (½ Hoagland nutrient solution) and low (modified ½ Hoagland with one-third of N). Together with the agronomic characterization, grain quality analyses were assessed to characterize carbohydrates concentration, mineral composition, glutenin and gliadin concentrations, polyphenol profile, and anti-radical activity. Nitrogen supply improved wheat grain yield with no effect on thousand-grain weight. Grain soluble sugars and gluten fractions were increased, but starch concentration was reduced, under high N. Mineral composition and polyphenol concentrations were also improved by N application. High-yielding genotypes had higher grain carbohydrates concentrations, while higher concentrations in grain minerals, gluten fractions, and polyphenols were recorded in the low-yielding ones. Decreasing the amount of N to one-third ensured a better N use efficiency but reduced durum wheat agronomic and quality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinda Ben Mariem
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Avda. de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain; (S.B.M.); (J.G.-T.); (I.A.)
| | - Jon González-Torralba
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Avda. de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain; (S.B.M.); (J.G.-T.); (I.A.)
| | - Concha Collar
- Cereals and Cereal-Based Products, Food Science Department, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (CSIC), Avda. Catedrático Agustín Escardino, 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain;
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Avda. de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain; (S.B.M.); (J.G.-T.); (I.A.)
| | - Fermín Morales
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Avda. de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain; (S.B.M.); (J.G.-T.); (I.A.)
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17
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Tcherkez G, Ben Mariem S, Larraya L, García-Mina JM, Zamarreño AM, Paradela A, Cui J, Badeck FW, Meza D, Rizza F, Bunce J, Han X, Tausz-Posch S, Cattivelli L, Fangmeier A, Aranjuelo I. Elevated CO2 has concurrent effects on leaf and grain metabolism but minimal effects on yield in wheat. J Exp Bot 2020; 71:5990-6003. [PMID: 32687190 PMCID: PMC7751139 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
While the general effect of CO2 enrichment on photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, N content, and yield has been documented, there is still some uncertainty as to whether there are interactive effects between CO2 enrichment and other factors, such as temperature, geographical location, water availability, and cultivar. In addition, the metabolic coordination between leaves and grains, which is crucial for crop responsiveness to elevated CO2, has never been examined closely. Here, we address these two aspects by multi-level analyses of data from several free-air CO2 enrichment experiments conducted in five different countries. There was little effect of elevated CO2 on yield (except in the USA), likely due to photosynthetic capacity acclimation, as reflected by protein profiles. In addition, there was a significant decrease in leaf amino acids (threonine) and macroelements (e.g. K) at elevated CO2, while other elements, such as Mg or S, increased. Despite the non-significant effect of CO2 enrichment on yield, grains appeared to be significantly depleted in N (as expected), but also in threonine, the S-containing amino acid methionine, and Mg. Overall, our results suggest a strong detrimental effect of CO2 enrichment on nutrient availability and remobilization from leaves to grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Tcherkez
- Research School of Biology, ANU Joint College of Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra Australia
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, INRA d’Angers, Université d’Angers, Structure Fédérative de Recherche QUASAV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Sinda Ben Mariem
- AgroBiotechnology Institute (IdAB), CSIC-Government of Navarre, Mutilva, Spain
| | - Luis Larraya
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Applied Biology, Departamento de Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jose M García-Mina
- Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia y Nutrición, Grupo de Biología y Química Agrícola (Departamento de Biología Ambiental), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Angel M Zamarreño
- Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia y Nutrición, Grupo de Biología y Química Agrícola (Departamento de Biología Ambiental), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Jing Cui
- Research School of Biology, ANU Joint College of Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra Australia
| | - Franz-Werner Badeck
- CREA Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Fiorenzuola d’Arda, Italy
| | - Diego Meza
- Institute of Landscape and Plant Ecology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Fulvia Rizza
- CREA Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Fiorenzuola d’Arda, Italy
| | - James Bunce
- Adaptive Cropping Systems Lab, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Xue Han
- Institute of Environment and sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (IEDA, CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Sabine Tausz-Posch
- Department of Agriculture, Science and the Environment, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity Australia, Kawana, QLD, Australia
| | - Luigi Cattivelli
- CREA Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Fiorenzuola d’Arda, Italy
| | - Andreas Fangmeier
- Institute of Landscape and Plant Ecology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- AgroBiotechnology Institute (IdAB), CSIC-Government of Navarre, Mutilva, Spain
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Baslam M, Mitsui T, Hodges M, Priesack E, Herritt MT, Aranjuelo I, Sanz-Sáez Á. Photosynthesis in a Changing Global Climate: Scaling Up and Scaling Down in Crops. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:882. [PMID: 32733499 PMCID: PMC7357547 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis is the major process leading to primary production in the Biosphere. There is a total of 7000bn tons of CO2 in the atmosphere and photosynthesis fixes more than 100bn tons annually. The CO2 assimilated by the photosynthetic apparatus is the basis of crop production and, therefore, of animal and human food. This has led to a renewed interest in photosynthesis as a target to increase plant production and there is now increasing evidence showing that the strategy of improving photosynthetic traits can increase plant yield. However, photosynthesis and the photosynthetic apparatus are both conditioned by environmental variables such as water availability, temperature, [CO2], salinity, and ozone. The "omics" revolution has allowed a better understanding of the genetic mechanisms regulating stress responses including the identification of genes and proteins involved in the regulation, acclimation, and adaptation of processes that impact photosynthesis. The development of novel non-destructive high-throughput phenotyping techniques has been important to monitor crop photosynthetic responses to changing environmental conditions. This wealth of data is being incorporated into new modeling algorithms to predict plant growth and development under specific environmental constraints. This review gives a multi-perspective description of the impact of changing environmental conditions on photosynthetic performance and consequently plant growth by briefly highlighting how major technological advances including omics, high-throughput photosynthetic measurements, metabolic engineering, and whole plant photosynthetic modeling have helped to improve our understanding of how the photosynthetic machinery can be modified by different abiotic stresses and thus impact crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marouane Baslam
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Mitsui
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Michael Hodges
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Evry, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Eckart Priesack
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthew T. Herritt
- USDA-ARS Plant Physiology and Genetics Research, US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, AZ, United States
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Agrobiotechnology Institute (IdAB-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Gobierno de Navarra, Mutilva, Spain
| | - Álvaro Sanz-Sáez
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
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19
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Rezzouk FZ, Gracia-Romero A, Kefauver SC, Gutiérrez NA, Aranjuelo I, Serret MD, Araus JL. Remote sensing techniques and stable isotopes as phenotyping tools to assess wheat yield performance: Effects of growing temperature and vernalization. Plant Sci 2020; 295:110281. [PMID: 32534622 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study compares distinct phenotypic approaches to assess wheat performance under different growing temperatures and vernalization needs. A set of 38 (winter and facultative) wheat cultivars were planted in Valladolid (Spain) under irrigation and two contrasting planting dates: normal (late autumn), and late (late winter). The late plating trial exhibited a 1.5 °C increase in average crop temperature. Measurements with different remote sensing techniques were performed at heading and grain filling, as well as carbon isotope composition (δ13C) and nitrogen content analysis. Multispectral and RGB vegetation indices and canopy temperature related better to grain yield (GY) across the whole set of genotypes in the normal compared with the late planting, with indices (such as the RGB indices Hue, a* and the spectral indices NDVI, EVI and CCI) measured at grain filling performing the best. Aerially assessed remote sensing indices only performed better than ground-acquired ones at heading. Nitrogen content and δ13C correlated with GY at both planting dates. Correlations within winter and facultative genotypes were much weaker, particularly in the facultative subset. For both planting dates, the best GY prediction models were achieved when combining remote sensing indices with δ13C and nitrogen of mature grains. Implications for phenotyping in the context of increasing temperatures are further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Zahra Rezzouk
- Section of Plant Physiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona and AGROTECNIO (Center of Research in Agrotechnology), Lleida, Spain
| | - Adrian Gracia-Romero
- Section of Plant Physiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona and AGROTECNIO (Center of Research in Agrotechnology), Lleida, Spain
| | - Shawn C Kefauver
- Section of Plant Physiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona and AGROTECNIO (Center of Research in Agrotechnology), Lleida, Spain
| | | | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-, Multiva Baja, Navarra, Spain
| | - Maria Dolors Serret
- Section of Plant Physiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona and AGROTECNIO (Center of Research in Agrotechnology), Lleida, Spain
| | - José Luis Araus
- Section of Plant Physiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona and AGROTECNIO (Center of Research in Agrotechnology), Lleida, Spain.
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20
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Soba D, Müller M, Aranjuelo I, Munné-Bosch S. Vitamin E in legume nodules: Occurrence and antioxidant function. Phytochemistry 2020; 172:112261. [PMID: 31962208 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Although the biosynthesis and function of tocochromanols in leaves and seeds have been extensively studied, their occurrence and function in underground tissues, such as roots and nodules, is very poorly understood. Here, we performed a comparative study of the presence of tocochromanols in different plant organs (leaves, roots and nodules) of three legumes (soybean, alfalfa and pea plants). Additionally, we measured variations in tocochromanols as a function of the severity of water stress and evaluated their relationship with the extent of membrane lipid peroxidation and nodule performance (as indicated by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances assay and 15N isotope labeling, respectively). Results showed the presence of endogenous tocopherols, mainly α-tocopherol, in the three studied organs of the three legumes. Nodules showed higher concentrations of α-tocopherol than roots, but lower than leaves. α-Tocopherol content increased under water shortage in nodules, roots and leaves of soybean as well as in roots of alfalfa, but not in the other plant systems. A strong negative correlation between α-tocopherol and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances contents was found for roots and especially for nodules. Furthermore, nodule α-tocopherol content positively correlated with nodule N2 fixation (estimated by 15N isotope labeling). We conclude that α-tocopherol is a major antioxidant found in legume nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Soba
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Gobierno de Navarra, Spain
| | - Maren Müller
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Gobierno de Navarra, Spain
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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21
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Morales F, Ancín M, Fakhet D, González-Torralba J, Gámez AL, Seminario A, Soba D, Ben Mariem S, Garriga M, Aranjuelo I. Photosynthetic Metabolism under Stressful Growth Conditions as a Bases for Crop Breeding and Yield Improvement. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:E88. [PMID: 31936732 PMCID: PMC7020424 DOI: 10.3390/plants9010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Increased periods of water shortage and higher temperatures, together with a reduction in nutrient availability, have been proposed as major factors that negatively impact plant development. Photosynthetic CO2 assimilation is the basis of crop production for animal and human food, and for this reason, it has been selected as a primary target for crop phenotyping/breeding studies. Within this context, knowledge of the mechanisms involved in the response and acclimation of photosynthetic CO2 assimilation to multiple changing environmental conditions (including nutrients, water availability, and rising temperature) is a matter of great concern for the understanding of plant behavior under stress conditions, and for the development of new strategies and tools for enhancing plant growth in the future. The current review aims to analyze, from a multi-perspective approach (ranging across breeding, gas exchange, genomics, etc.) the impact of changing environmental conditions on the performance of the photosynthetic apparatus and, consequently, plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fermín Morales
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Av. Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain; (F.M.); (M.A.); (D.F.); (A.L.G.); (A.S.); (D.S.); (S.B.M.)
- Dpto. Nutrición Vegetal, Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (EEAD), CSIC, Apdo. 13034, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Ancín
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Av. Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain; (F.M.); (M.A.); (D.F.); (A.L.G.); (A.S.); (D.S.); (S.B.M.)
| | - Dorra Fakhet
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Av. Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain; (F.M.); (M.A.); (D.F.); (A.L.G.); (A.S.); (D.S.); (S.B.M.)
| | - Jon González-Torralba
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Applied Biology, Dpto. Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus Arrosadia, 31006 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Angie L. Gámez
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Av. Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain; (F.M.); (M.A.); (D.F.); (A.L.G.); (A.S.); (D.S.); (S.B.M.)
| | - Amaia Seminario
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Av. Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain; (F.M.); (M.A.); (D.F.); (A.L.G.); (A.S.); (D.S.); (S.B.M.)
| | - David Soba
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Av. Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain; (F.M.); (M.A.); (D.F.); (A.L.G.); (A.S.); (D.S.); (S.B.M.)
| | - Sinda Ben Mariem
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Av. Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain; (F.M.); (M.A.); (D.F.); (A.L.G.); (A.S.); (D.S.); (S.B.M.)
| | - Miguel Garriga
- Centro de Mejoramiento Genético y Fenómica Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile;
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Av. Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain; (F.M.); (M.A.); (D.F.); (A.L.G.); (A.S.); (D.S.); (S.B.M.)
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Gámez AL, Vicente R, Sanchez-Bragado R, Jauregui I, Morcuende R, Goicoechea N, Aranjuelo I. Differential Flag Leaf and Ear Photosynthetic Performance Under Elevated (CO 2) Conditions During Grain Filling Period in Durum Wheat. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:587958. [PMID: 33391300 PMCID: PMC7775369 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.587958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Elevated concentrations of CO2 (CO2) in plants with C3 photosynthesis metabolism, such as wheat, stimulate photosynthetic rates. However, photosynthesis tends to decrease as a function of exposure to high (CO2) due to down-regulation of the photosynthetic machinery, and this phenomenon is defined as photosynthetic acclimation. Considerable efforts are currently done to determine the effect of photosynthetic tissues, such us spike, in grain filling. There is good evidence that the contribution of ears to grain filling may be important not only under good agronomic conditions but also under high (CO2). The main objective of this study was to compare photoassimilate production and energy metabolism between flag leaves and glumes as part of ears of wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum cv. Amilcar) plants exposed to ambient [a(CO2)] and elevated [e(CO2)] (CO2) (400 and 700 μmol mol-1, respectively). Elevated CO2 had a differential effect on the responses of flag leaves and ears. The ears showed higher gross photosynthesis and respiration rates compared to the flag leaves. The higher ear carbohydrate content and respiration rates contribute to increase the grain dry mass. Our results support the concept that acclimation of photosynthesis to e(CO2) is driven by sugar accumulation, reduction in N concentrations and repression of genes related to photosynthesis, glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and that these were more marked in glumes than leaves. Further, important differences are described on responsiveness of flag leaves and ears to e(CO2) on genes linked with carbon and nitrogen metabolism. These findings provide information about the impact of e(CO2) on ear development during the grain filling stage and are significant for understanding the effects of increasing (CO2) on crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angie L. Gámez
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Mutilva, Spain
| | - Rubén Vicente
- Instituto de Tecnología Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca, IRNASA-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rut Sanchez-Bragado
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences, University of Lleida – AGROTECNIO Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Iván Jauregui
- Plant Genetics, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Rosa Morcuende
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca, IRNASA-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Nieves Goicoechea
- Departamento Biología Ambiental, Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas, Facultad de Ciencias (Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza, e ICVV, Logroño), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Mutilva, Spain
- *Correspondence: Iker Aranjuelo,
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Soba D, Zhou B, Arrese-Igor C, Munné-Bosch S, Aranjuelo I. Physiological, Hormonal and Metabolic Responses of two Alfalfa Cultivars with Contrasting Responses to Drought. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5099. [PMID: 31618819 PMCID: PMC6829892 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is frequently constrained by environmental conditions such as drought. Within this context, it is crucial to identify the physiological and metabolic traits conferring a better performance under stressful conditions. In the current study, two alfalfa cultivars (San Isidro and Zhong Mu) with different physiological strategies were selected and subjected to water limitation conditions. Together with the physiological analyses, we proceeded to characterize the isotopic, hormone, and metabolic profiles of the different plants. According to physiological and isotopic data, Zhong Mu has a water-saver strategy, reducing water lost by closing its stomata but fixing less carbon by photosynthesis, and therefore limiting its growth under water-stressed conditions. In contrast, San Isidro has enhanced root growth to replace the water lost through transpiration due to its more open stomata, thus maintaining its biomass. Zhong Mu nodules were less able to maintain nodule N2 fixing activity (matching plant nitrogen (N) demand). Our data suggest that this cultivar-specific performance is linked to Asn accumulation and its consequent N-feedback nitrogenase inhibition. Additionally, we observed a hormonal reorchestration in both cultivars under drought. Therefore, our results showed an intra-specific response to drought at physiological and metabolic levels in the two alfalfa cultivars studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Soba
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Gobierno de Navarra, 31006 Mutilva, Spain.
| | - Bangwei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Cesar Arrese-Igor
- Department of Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology, Universidad Pública de Navarra, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Gobierno de Navarra, 31006 Mutilva, Spain.
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Soba D, Ben Mariem S, Fuertes-Mendizábal T, Méndez-Espinoza AM, Gilard F, González-Murua C, Irigoyen JJ, Tcherkez G, Aranjuelo I. Metabolic Effects of Elevated CO 2 on Wheat Grain Development and Composition. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:8441-8451. [PMID: 31339045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The increase in the atmospheric CO2 concentration is predicted to influence wheat production and grain quality and nutritional properties. In the present study, durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf. cv. Sula) was grown under two different CO2 (400 versus 700 μmol mol-1) concentrations to examine effects on the crop yield and grain quality at different phenological stages (from grain filling to maturity). Exposure to elevated CO2 significantly increased aboveground biomass and grain yield components. Growth at elevated CO2 diminished the elemental N content as well as protein and free amino acids, with a typical decrease in glutamine, which is the most represented amino acid in grain proteins. Such a general decrease in nitrogenous compounds was associated with altered kinetics of protein accumulation, N remobilization, and N partitioning. Our results highlight important modifications of grain metabolism that have implications for its nutritional quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Soba
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB) , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Gobierno de Navarra , Avenida Pamplona 123 , 31006 Mutilva , Spain
| | - Sinda Ben Mariem
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB) , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Gobierno de Navarra , Avenida Pamplona 123 , 31006 Mutilva , Spain
| | - Teresa Fuertes-Mendizábal
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology , University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) , 48940 Bilbao , Spain
| | - Ana María Méndez-Espinoza
- Plant Breeding and Phenomic Center, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences , Universidad de Talca , Talca 3460000 , Chile
| | - Françoise Gilard
- Plateforme Métabolisme-Métabolome, Institut de Biologie des Plantes, CNRS UMR 8618 , Université Paris-Sud , Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
- INRA, UMR INRA/UCBN 950 Ecophysiologie Végétale, Agronomie et Nutritions NCS, IFR 146 ICORE, Institut de Biologie Fondamentale et Appliquée , Université de Caen Basse-Normandie , 14032 Caen , France
| | - Carmen González-Murua
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology , University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) , 48940 Bilbao , Spain
| | - Juan J Irigoyen
- Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Departamento de Biología Ambiental), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVV, Logroño, Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia , Universidad de Navarra , Irunlarrea 1 , 31008 Pamplona , Spain
| | - Guillaume Tcherkez
- Research School of Biology, Joint College of Sciences , Australian National University , 2601 Canberra , Australian Capital Territory , Australia
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB) , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Gobierno de Navarra , Avenida Pamplona 123 , 31006 Mutilva , Spain
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology , University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) , 48940 Bilbao , Spain
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Gámez AL, Soba D, Zamarreño ÁM, García-Mina JM, Aranjuelo I, Morales F. Effect of Water Stress during Grain Filling on Yield, Quality and Physiological Traits of Illpa and Rainbow Quinoa ( Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) Cultivars. Plants (Basel) 2019; 8:E173. [PMID: 31207888 PMCID: PMC6631622 DOI: 10.3390/plants8060173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The total area under quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) cultivation and the consumption of its grain have increased in recent years because of its nutritional properties and ability to grow under adverse conditions, such as drought. Climate change scenarios predict extended periods of drought and this has emphasized the need for new crops that are tolerant to these conditions. The main goal of this work was to evaluate crop yield and quality parameters and to characterize the physiology of two varieties of quinoa grown under water deficit in greenhouse conditions. Two varieties of quinoa from the Chilean coast (Rainbow) and altiplano (Illpa) were used, grown under full irrigation or two different levels of water deficit applied during the grain filling period. There were no marked differences in yield and quality parameters between treatments, but the root biomass was higher in plants grown under severe water deficit conditions compared to control. Photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance decreased with increased water stress in both cultivars, but the coastal variety showed higher water use efficiency and less discrimination of 13C under water deficit. This response was associated with greater root development and a better stomatal opening adjustment, especially in the case of Rainbow. The capacity of Rainbow to increase its osmoregulant content (compounds such as proline, glutamine, glutamate, K and Na) could enable a potential osmotic adjustment in this variety. Moreover, the lower stomatal opening and transpiration rates were also associated with higher leaf ABA concentration values detected in Rainbow. We found negative logarithmic relationships between stomatal conductance and leaf ABA concentration in both varieties, with significant R2 values of 0.50 and 0.22 in Rainbow and Illpa, respectively. These moderate-to-medium values suggest that, in addition to ABA signaling, other causes for stomatal closure in quinoa under drought such as hydraulic regulation may play a role. In conclusion, this work showed that two quinoa cultivars use different strategies in the face of water deficit stress, and these prevent decreases in grain yield and quality under drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angie L Gámez
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología - CSIC, Avenida de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain.
| | - David Soba
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología - CSIC, Avenida de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain.
| | - Ángel M Zamarreño
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia y Nutrición, Grupo de Biología y Química Agrícola (Departamento de Biología Ambiental), c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - José M García-Mina
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia y Nutrición, Grupo de Biología y Química Agrícola (Departamento de Biología Ambiental), c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología - CSIC, Avenida de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain.
| | - Fermín Morales
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología - CSIC, Avenida de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain.
- Dpto. Nutrición Vegetal, Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (EEAD), CSIC, Apdo. 13034, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain.
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Buezo J, Sanz-Saez Á, Moran JF, Soba D, Aranjuelo I, Esteban R. Drought tolerance response of high-yielding soybean varieties to mild drought: physiological and photochemical adjustments. Physiol Plant 2019; 166:88-104. [PMID: 30381841 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Soybean is a crop of agronomic importance that requires adequate watering during its growth to achieve high production. In this study, we determined physiological, photochemical and metabolic differences in five soybean varieties selected from the parental lines of a nested association mapping population during mild drought. These varieties have been described as high yielding (NE3001, HY1; LD01-5907, HY2) or drought tolerant (PI518751; HYD1; PI398881, HYD2). Nevertheless, there has been little research on the physiological traits that sustain their high productivity under water-limited conditions. The results indicate that high-yielding varieties under drought cope with the shortage of water by enhancing their photoprotective defences and invest in growth and productivity, linked to a higher intrinsic water use efficiency. This is the case of the variety N-3001 (HY1), with a tolerance strategy involving a faster transition into the reproductive stage to avoid the drought period. The present study highlights the role of the physiological and biochemical adjustments of various soybean varieties to cope with water-limited conditions. Moreover, the obtained results underscore the fact that the high phenotypic plasticity among soybean phenotypes should be exploited to compensate for the low genetic variability of this species when selecting plant productivity in constrained environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Buezo
- Agrobiotechnology Institute (IdAB), CSIC-UPNA-Government of Navarre, E-31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - Álvaro Sanz-Saez
- Division of plant sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Jose F Moran
- Agrobiotechnology Institute (IdAB), CSIC-UPNA-Government of Navarre, E-31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - David Soba
- Agrobiotechnology Institute (IdAB), CSIC-UPNA-Government of Navarre, E-31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Agrobiotechnology Institute (IdAB), CSIC-UPNA-Government of Navarre, E-31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - Raquel Esteban
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
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Erice G, Sanz-Sáez Á, González-Torralba J, Méndez-Espinoza AM, Urretavizcaya I, Nieto MT, Serret MD, Araus JL, Irigoyen JJ, Aranjuelo I. Impact of elevated CO2 and drought on yield and quality traits of a historical (Blanqueta) and a modern (Sula) durum wheat. J Cereal Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Méndez-Espinoza AM, Romero-Bravo S, Estrada F, Garriga M, Lobos GA, Castillo D, Matus I, Aranjuelo I, del Pozo A. Exploring Agronomic and Physiological Traits Associated With the Differences in Productivity Between Triticale and Bread Wheat in Mediterranean Environments. Front Plant Sci 2019; 10:404. [PMID: 31024582 PMCID: PMC6460938 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In Mediterranean climates soil water deficit occurs mainly during the spring and summer, having a great impact on cereal productivity. While previous studies have indicated that the grain yield (GY) of triticale is usually higher than bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), comparatively little is known about the performance of these crops under water-limited conditions or the physiological traits involved in the different yields of both crops. For this purpose, two sets of experiments were conducted in order to compare a high yielding triticale (cv. Aguacero) and spring wheat (cvs. Pandora and Domo). The first experiment, aiming to analyze the agronomic performance, was carried out in 10 sites located across a wide range of Mediterranean and temperate environments, distributed between 33°34' and 38°41' S. The second experiment, aiming to identify potential physiological traits linked to the different yields of the two crops, was conducted in two Mediterranean sites (Cauquenes and Santa Rosa) in which crops were grown under well-watered (WW) and water-limited (WL) conditions. The relationship between GY and the environmental index revealed that triticale exhibited a higher regression coefficient (Finlay and Wilkinson slope), indicating a more stable response to the environment, accompanied by higher yields than bread wheat. Harvest index was not significantly different between the two cereals, but triticale had higher kernels per spike (35%) and 1000 kernel weight (16%) than wheat, despite a lower number of spikes per square meter. The higher yield of triticale was linked to higher values of chlorophyll content, leaf net photosynthesis (An), the maximum rate of electron transport (ETRmax), the photochemical quantum yield of PSII [Y(II)] and leaf water-use efficiency. GY was positively correlated with Ci at anthesis and Δ13C in both species, as well as with gs at anthesis in triticale, but negatively correlated with non-photochemical fluorescence quenching and quantum yield of non-photochemical energy conversion at grain filling in wheat. These results revealed that triticale presented higher photosynthetic rates that contributed to increase plant growth and yield in the different environments, whereas wheat showed higher photoprotection system in detriment of assimilate production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Méndez-Espinoza
- Centro de Mejoramiento Genético y Fenómica Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Sebastián Romero-Bravo
- Centro de Mejoramiento Genético y Fenómica Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Curicó, Chile
| | - Félix Estrada
- Centro de Mejoramiento Genético y Fenómica Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Miguel Garriga
- Centro de Mejoramiento Genético y Fenómica Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Gustavo A. Lobos
- Centro de Mejoramiento Genético y Fenómica Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- Núcleo Científico Multidisciplinario-DI, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Dalma Castillo
- CRI-Quilamapu, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Chillán, Chile
| | - Iván Matus
- CRI-Quilamapu, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Chillán, Chile
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Navarra, Spain
| | - Alejandro del Pozo
- Centro de Mejoramiento Genético y Fenómica Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
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Ancín M, Fernández-San Millán A, Larraya L, Morales F, Veramendi J, Aranjuelo I, Farran I. Overexpression of thioredoxin m in tobacco chloroplasts inhibits the protein kinase STN7 and alters photosynthetic performance. J Exp Bot 2019; 70:1005-1016. [PMID: 30476130 PMCID: PMC6363096 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The activity of the protein kinase STN7, involved in phosphorylation of the light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) proteins, has been reported as being co-operatively regulated by the redox state of the plastoquinone pool and the ferredoxin-thioredoxin (Trx) system. The present study aims to investigate the role of plastid Trxs in STN7 regulation and their impact on photosynthesis. For this purpose, tobacco plants overexpressing Trx f or m from the plastid genome were characterized, demonstrating that only Trx m overexpression was associated with a complete loss of LHCII phosphorylation that did not correlate with decreased STN7 levels. The absence of phosphorylation in Trx m-overexpressing plants impeded migration of LHCII from PSII to PSI, with the concomitant loss of PSI-LHCII complex formation. Consequently, the thylakoid ultrastructure was altered, showing reduced grana stacking. Moreover, the electron transport rate was negatively affected, showing an impact on energy-demanding processes such as the Rubisco maximum carboxylation capacity and ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate regeneration rate values, which caused a strong depletion in net photosynthetic rates. Finally, tobacco plants overexpressing a Trx m mutant lacking the reactive redox site showed equivalent physiological performance to the wild type, indicating that the overexpressed Trx m deactivates STN7 in a redox-dependent way.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Ancín
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Campus Arrosadia, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alicia Fernández-San Millán
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Campus Arrosadia, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Luis Larraya
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Campus Arrosadia, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fermín Morales
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Campus Arrosadia, Pamplona, Spain
- Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (EEAD), CSIC, Departamento Nutrición Vegetal, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jon Veramendi
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Campus Arrosadia, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Campus Arrosadia, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Farran
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Campus Arrosadia, Pamplona, Spain
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Torralbo F, Vicente R, Morcuende R, González-Murua C, Aranjuelo I. C and N metabolism in barley leaves and peduncles modulates responsiveness to changing CO2. J Exp Bot 2019; 70:599-611. [PMID: 30476207 PMCID: PMC6322569 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Balancing of leaf carbohydrates is a key process for maximising crop performance in elevated CO2 environments. With the aim of testing the role of the carbon sink-source relationship under different CO2 conditions, we performed two experiments with two barley genotypes (Harrington and RCSL-89) exposed to changing CO2. In Experiment 1, the genotypes were exposed to 400 and 700 ppm CO2. Elevated CO2 induced photosynthetic acclimation in Harrington that was linked with the depletion of Rubisco protein. In contrast, a higher peduncle carbohydrate-storage capacity in RSCL-89 was associated with a better balance of leaf carbohydrates that could help to maximize the photosynthetic capacity under elevated CO2. In Experiment 2, plants that were grown at 400 ppm or 700 ppm CO2 for 5 weeks were switched to 700 ppm or 400 ppm CO2, respectively. Raising CO2 to 700 ppm increased photosynthetic rates with a reduction in leaf carbohydrate content and an improvement in N assimilation. The increase in nitrate content was associated with up-regulation of genes of protein transcripts of photosynthesis and N assimilation that favoured plant performance under elevated CO2. Finally, decreasing the CO2 from 700 ppm to 400 ppm revealed that both stomatal closure and inhibited expression of light-harvesting proteins negatively affected photosynthetic performance and plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Torralbo
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB)-CSIC, Avenida de Pamplona, Mutilva Baja, Spain
| | - Rubén Vicente
- Abiotic Stress Department, Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca, IRNASA-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Rosa Morcuende
- Abiotic Stress Department, Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca, IRNASA-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carmen González-Murua
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB)-CSIC, Avenida de Pamplona, Mutilva Baja, Spain
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Torralbo F, González-Moro MB, Baroja-Fernández E, Aranjuelo I, González-Murua C. Differential Regulation of Stomatal Conductance as a Strategy to Cope With Ammonium Fertilizer Under Ambient Versus Elevated CO 2. Front Plant Sci 2019; 10:597. [PMID: 31178873 PMCID: PMC6542952 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
While nitrogen (N) derived from ammonium would be energetically less expensive than nitrate-derived N, the use of ammonium-based fertilizer is limited by the potential for toxicity symptoms. Nevertheless, previous studies have shown that exposure to elevated CO2 favors ammonium assimilation in plants. However, little is known about the impact of different forms of N fertilizer on stomatal opening and their consequent effects on CO2 and H2O diffusion in wheat plants exposed to ambient and elevated CO2. In this article, we have examined the response of the photosynthetic machinery of durum wheat (Triticum durum, var. Amilcar) grown with different types of N fertilizer (NO3 -, NH4 +, and NH4NO3) at 400 versus 700 ppm of CO2. Alongside gas exchange and photochemical parameters, the expression of genes involved in CO2 (PIP1.1 and PIP2.3) and H2O (TIP1) diffusion as well as key C and N primary metabolism enzymes and metabolites were studied. Our results show that at 400 ppm CO2, wheat plants fertilized with ammonium as the N source had stress symptoms and a strong reduction in stomatal conductance, which negatively affected photosynthetic rates. The higher levels of PIP1.1 and PIP2.3 expression in ammonium-fertilized plants at 400 ppm CO2 might reflect the need to overcome limitations to the CO2 supply to chloroplasts due to restrictions in stomatal conductance. This stomatal limitation might be associated with a strategy to reduce ammonium transport toward leaves. On the other hand, ammonium-fertilized plants at elevated CO2 did not show stress symptoms, and no differences were detected in stomatal opening or water use efficiency (WUE). Moreover, similar gene expression of the aquaporins TIP1, PIP1.1, and PIP2.3 in ammonium-fertilized plants grown at 700 ppm compared to nitrate and ammonium nitrate plants would suggest that an adjustment in CO2 and H2O diffusion is not required. Therefore, in the absence of a stress context triggered by elevated CO2, ammonium- and ammonium nitrate-fertilized plants were able to increase their photosynthetic rates, which were translated eventually into higher leaf protein content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Torralbo
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
- *Correspondence: Fernando Torralbo,
| | | | | | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB)-CSIC, Mutilva, Spain
- Iker Aranjuelo,
| | - Carmen González-Murua
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
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Salazar-Parra C, Aranjuelo I, Pascual I, Aguirreolea J, Sánchez-Díaz M, Irigoyen JJ, Araus JL, Morales F. Is vegetative area, photosynthesis, or grape C uploading involved in the climate change-related grape sugar/anthocyanin decoupling in Tempranillo? Photosynth Res 2018; 138:115-128. [PMID: 29980966 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-018-0552-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Foreseen climate change is expected to impact on grape composition, both sugar and pigment content. We tested the hypothesis that interactions between main factors associated with climate change (elevated CO2, elevated temperature, and water deficit) decouple sugars and anthocyanins, and explored the possible involvement of vegetative area, photosynthesis, and grape C uploading on the decoupling. Tempranillo grapevine fruit-bearing cuttings were exposed to CO2 (700 vs. 400 ppm), temperature (ambient vs. + 4 °C), and irrigation levels (partial vs. full) in temperature-gradient greenhouses. In a search for mechanistic insights into the underlying processes, experiments 1 and 2 were designed to maximize photosynthesis and enlarge leaf area range among treatments, whereas plant growth was manipulated in order to deliberately down-regulate photosynthesis and control vegetative area in experiments 3 and 4. Towards this aim, treatments were applied either from fruit set to maturity with free vegetation and fully irrigated or at 5-8% of pot capacity (experiments 1 and 2), or from veraison to maturity with controlled vegetation and fully irrigated or at 40% of pot capacity (experiments 3 and 4). Modification of air 13C isotopic composition under elevated CO2 enabled the further characterization of whole C fixation period and C partitioning to grapes. Increases of the grape sugars-to-anthocyanins ratio were highly and positively correlated with photosynthesis and grape 13C labeling, but not with vegetative area. Evidence is presented for photosynthesis, from fruit set to veraison, and grape C uploading, from veraison to maturity, as key processes involved in the establishment and development, respectively, of the grape sugars to anthocyanins decoupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Salazar-Parra
- Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Dpto. de Biología Ambiental), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVV, Logroño. Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA La Platina, Santa Rosa, 11610, Santiago, Chile
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, 31192, Mutilva Baja, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Pascual
- Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Dpto. de Biología Ambiental), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVV, Logroño. Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jone Aguirreolea
- Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Dpto. de Biología Ambiental), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVV, Logroño. Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Díaz
- Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Dpto. de Biología Ambiental), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVV, Logroño. Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan José Irigoyen
- Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Dpto. de Biología Ambiental), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVV, Logroño. Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - José Luis Araus
- Section of Plant Physiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona and AGROTECNIO (Center for Research in Agrotechnology), Lleida, Spain
| | - Fermín Morales
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, 31192, Mutilva Baja, Spain.
- Dpto. de Nutrición Vegetal, Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (EEAD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Apdo. 13034, 50080, Zaragoza, Spain.
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Fernández-San Millán A, Aranjuelo I, Douthe C, Nadal M, Ancín M, Larraya L, Farran I, Flexas J, Veramendi J. Physiological performance of transplastomic tobacco plants overexpressing aquaporin AQP1 in chloroplast membranes. J Exp Bot 2018; 69:3661-3673. [PMID: 29912355 PMCID: PMC6022695 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The leaf mesophyll CO2 conductance and the concentration of CO2 within the chloroplast are major factors affecting photosynthetic performance. Previous studies have shown that the aquaporin NtAQP1 (which localizes to the plasma membrane and chloroplast inner envelope membrane) is involved in CO2 permeability in the chloroplast. Levels of NtAQP1 in plants genetically engineered to overexpress the protein correlated positively with leaf mesophyll CO2 conductance and photosynthetic rate. In these studies, the nuclear transformation method used led to changes in NtAQP1 levels in the plasma membrane and the chloroplast inner envelope membrane. In the present work, NtAQP1 levels were increased up to 16-fold in the chloroplast membranes alone by the overexpression of NtAQP1 from the plastid genome. Despite the high NtAQP1 levels achieved, transplastomic plants showed lower photosynthetic rates than wild-type plants. This result was associated with lower Rubisco maximum carboxylation rate and ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate regeneration. Transplastomic plants showed reduced mesophyll CO2 conductance but no changes in chloroplast CO2 concentration. The absence of differences in chloroplast CO2 concentration was associated with the lower CO2 fixation activity of the transplastomic plants. These findings suggest that non-functional pores of recombinant NtAQP1 may be produced in the chloroplast inner envelope membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Fernández-San Millán
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC), Departamento de Producción Agraria, Campus Arrosadía, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC), Departamento de Producción Agraria, Campus Arrosadía, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cyril Douthe
- Research Group on Plant Biology under Mediterranean Conditions, Departament de Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Carretera de Valldemossa, Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Miquel Nadal
- Research Group on Plant Biology under Mediterranean Conditions, Departament de Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Carretera de Valldemossa, Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - María Ancín
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC), Departamento de Producción Agraria, Campus Arrosadía, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Luis Larraya
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC), Departamento de Producción Agraria, Campus Arrosadía, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Farran
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC), Departamento de Producción Agraria, Campus Arrosadía, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jaume Flexas
- Research Group on Plant Biology under Mediterranean Conditions, Departament de Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Carretera de Valldemossa, Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Jon Veramendi
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC), Departamento de Producción Agraria, Campus Arrosadía, Pamplona, Spain
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Martín A, Caldelas C, Weiss D, Aranjuelo I, Navarro E. Assessment of Metal Immission in Urban Environments Using Elemental Concentrations and Zinc Isotope Signatures in Leaves of Nerium oleander. Environ Sci Technol 2018; 52:2071-2080. [PMID: 29320848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A thorough understanding of spatial and temporal emission and immission patterns of air pollutants in urban areas is challenged by the low number of air-quality monitoring stations available. Plants are promising low-cost biomonitoring tools. However, source identification of the trace metals incorporated in plant tissues (i.e., natural vs anthropogenic) and the identification of the best plant to use remain fundamental challenges. To this end, Nerium oleander L. collected in the city of Zaragoza (NE Spain) has been investigated as a biomonitoring tool for assessing the spatial immission patterns of airborne metals (Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni, Ce, and Zn). N. oleander leaves were sampled at 118 locations across the city, including the city center, industrial hotspots, ring-roads, and outskirts. Metal concentrations were generally higher within a 4 km radius around the city center. Calculated enrichment factors relative to upper continental crust suggest an anthropogenic origin for Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn. Zinc isotopes showed significant variability that likely reflects different pollution sources. Plants closer to industrial hotspots showed heavier isotopic compositions (δ66ZnLyon up to +0.70‰), indicating significant contributions of fly ash particles, while those far away were isotopically light (up to -0.95‰), indicating significant contributions from exhaust emissions and flue gas. We suggest that this information is applied for improving the environmental and human risk assessment related to the exposure to air pollution in urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Martín
- Pyrenean Institute of Ecology-CSIC , Avda. Montañana, 1005, 50.059 Zaragoza, Spain
- San Jorge University, Campus Universitario Villanueva de Gállego , Autovía A-23 Zaragoza-Huesca Km. 299, 50.830 Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - C Caldelas
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona , Avda. Diagonal, 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Weiss
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College of London , London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - I Aranjuelo
- Agrobiotechnology Institute (IdAB)-CSIC-UPNA-GN , Avenida Pamplona 123, Mutilva Baja, Navarra, Spain
| | - E Navarro
- Pyrenean Institute of Ecology-CSIC , Avda. Montañana, 1005, 50.059 Zaragoza, Spain
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Baslam M, Baroja-Fernández E, Ricarte-Bermejo A, Sánchez-López ÁM, Aranjuelo I, Bahaji A, Muñoz FJ, Almagro G, Pujol P, Galarza R, Teixidor P, Pozueta-Romero J. Genetic and isotope ratio mass spectrometric evidence for the occurrence of starch degradation and cycling in illuminated Arabidopsis leaves. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171245. [PMID: 28152100 PMCID: PMC5289593 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there is a great wealth of data supporting the occurrence of simultaneous synthesis and breakdown of storage carbohydrate in many organisms, previous 13CO2 pulse-chase based studies indicated that starch degradation does not operate in illuminated Arabidopsis leaves. Here we show that leaves of gwd, sex4, bam4, bam1/bam3 and amy3/isa3/lda starch breakdown mutants accumulate higher levels of starch than wild type (WT) leaves when cultured under continuous light (CL) conditions. We also show that leaves of CL grown dpe1 plants impaired in the plastidic disproportionating enzyme accumulate higher levels of maltotriose than WT leaves, the overall data providing evidence for the occurrence of extensive starch degradation in illuminated leaves. Moreover, we show that leaves of CL grown mex1/pglct plants impaired in the chloroplastic maltose and glucose transporters display a severe dwarf phenotype and accumulate high levels of maltose, strongly indicating that the MEX1 and pGlcT transporters are involved in the export of starch breakdown products to the cytosol to support growth during illumination. To investigate whether starch breakdown products can be recycled back to starch during illumination through a mechanism involving ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGP) we conducted kinetic analyses of the stable isotope carbon composition (δ13C) in starch of leaves of 13CO2 pulsed-chased WT and AGP lacking aps1 plants. Notably, the rate of increase of δ13C in starch of aps1 leaves during the pulse was exceedingly higher than that of WT leaves. Furthermore, δ13C decline in starch of aps1 leaves during the chase was much faster than that of WT leaves, which provides strong evidence for the occurrence of AGP-mediated cycling of starch breakdown products in illuminated Arabidopsis leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marouane Baslam
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC/UPNA/Gobierno de Navarra). Iruñako etorbidea 123, Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, Spain
| | - Edurne Baroja-Fernández
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC/UPNA/Gobierno de Navarra). Iruñako etorbidea 123, Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, Spain
| | - Adriana Ricarte-Bermejo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC/UPNA/Gobierno de Navarra). Iruñako etorbidea 123, Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, Spain
| | - Ángela María Sánchez-López
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC/UPNA/Gobierno de Navarra). Iruñako etorbidea 123, Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC/UPNA/Gobierno de Navarra). Iruñako etorbidea 123, Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, Spain
| | - Abdellatif Bahaji
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC/UPNA/Gobierno de Navarra). Iruñako etorbidea 123, Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, Spain
| | - Francisco José Muñoz
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC/UPNA/Gobierno de Navarra). Iruñako etorbidea 123, Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, Spain
| | - Goizeder Almagro
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC/UPNA/Gobierno de Navarra). Iruñako etorbidea 123, Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, Spain
| | - Pablo Pujol
- Servicio de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadia, Iruña, Nafarroa, Spain
| | - Regina Galarza
- Servicio de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadia, Iruña, Nafarroa, Spain
| | - Pilar Teixidor
- Centres Científics i Tecnològics, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Lluís Solé I Sabarís 1–3, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Pozueta-Romero
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC/UPNA/Gobierno de Navarra). Iruñako etorbidea 123, Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Zhou B, Serret MD, Elazab A, Bort Pie J, Araus JL, Aranjuelo I, Sanz-Sáez Á. Wheat ear carbon assimilation and nitrogen remobilization contribute significantly to grain yield. J Integr Plant Biol 2016; 58:914-926. [PMID: 26990448 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The role of wheat ears as a source of nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) in the grain filling process has barely been studied. To resolve this question, five wheat genotypes were labeled with 15 N-enriched nutrient solution. N remobilization and absorption were estimated via the nitrogen isotope composition of total organic matter and Rubisco. Gas exchange analyses showed that ear photosynthesis contributed substantially to grain filling in spite of the great loss of C due to respiration. Of the total kernel N, 64.7% was derived from the N acquired between sowing and anthesis, while the remaining 35.3% was derived from the N acquired between anthesis and maturity. In addition, 1.87 times more N was remobilized to the developing kernel from the ear than from the flag leaf. The higher yielding genotypes showed an increased N remobilization to the kernel compared to the lower yielding genotypes. In addition, the higher yielding genotypes remobilized more N from the ears to the kernel than the lower yielding genotypes, while the lower yielding genotypes remobilized more N from the flag leaf to the kernel. Therefore, the ears contribute significantly toward fulfilling C and N demands during grain filling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangwei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
- Unit of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Serret
- Unit of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Abdelhalim Elazab
- Unit of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Bort Pie
- Unit of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Araus
- Unit of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Agrobiotechnology Institute, Public University of Navarra-CSIC-Navarra Government, Arrosadia Campus, E-31192-Mutilva Baja, Spain
| | - Álvaro Sanz-Sáez
- Unit of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Jauregui I, Aparicio-Tejo PM, Avila C, Cañas R, Sakalauskiene S, Aranjuelo I. Root-shoot interactions explain the reduction of leaf mineral content in Arabidopsis plants grown under elevated [CO2 ] conditions. Physiol Plant 2016; 158:65-79. [PMID: 26801348 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Although shoot N depletion in plants exposed to elevated [CO2 ] has already been reported on several occasions, some uncertainty remains about the mechanisms involved. This study illustrates (1) the importance of characterizing root-shoot interactions and (2) the physiological, biochemical and gene expression mechanisms adopted by nitrate-fed Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under elevated [CO2 ]. Elevated [CO2 ] increases biomass and photosynthetic rates; nevertheless, the decline in total soluble protein, Rubisco and leaf N concentrations revealed a general decrease in leaf N availability. A transcriptomic approach (conducted at the root and shoot level) revealed that exposure to 800 ppm [CO2 ] induced the expression of genes involved in the transport of nitrate and mineral elements. Leaf N and mineral status revealed that N assimilation into proteins was constrained under elevated [CO2 ]. Moreover, this study also highlights how elevated [CO2 ] induced the reorganization of nitrate assimilation between tissues; root nitrogen assimilation was favored over leaf assimilation to offset the decline in nitrogen metabolism in the leaves of plants exposed to elevated [CO2 ].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Jauregui
- Dpto. Ciencias del Medio Natural, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, E-31192, Mutilva Baja, Spain
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, E-31192, Mutilva Baja, Spain
| | - Pedro M Aparicio-Tejo
- Dpto. Ciencias del Medio Natural, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, E-31192, Mutilva Baja, Spain
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, E-31192, Mutilva Baja, Spain
| | - Concepción Avila
- Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto Andaluz de Biotencología, Unidad Asociada UMA-CSIC, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Universitairo de Teatinos, E-29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rafael Cañas
- Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto Andaluz de Biotencología, Unidad Asociada UMA-CSIC, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Universitairo de Teatinos, E-29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Sandra Sakalauskiene
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, LT-54333, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, E-31192, Mutilva Baja, Spain
- Dpto. Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad del País Vasco, Barrio Sarriena, s/n, E-48940, Bizkaia, Spain
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Bettoni MM, Mogor ÁF, Pauletti V, Goicoechea N, Aranjuelo I, Garmendia I. Nutritional quality and yield of onion as affected by different application methods and doses of humic substances. J Food Compost Anal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Aranjuelo I, Erice G, Sanz-Sáez A, Abadie C, Gilard F, Gil-Quintana E, Avice JC, Staudinger C, Wienkoop S, Araus JL, Bourguignon J, Irigoyen JJ, Tcherkez G. Differential CO2 effect on primary carbon metabolism of flag leaves in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). Plant Cell Environ 2015; 38:2780-94. [PMID: 26081746 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
C sink/source balance and N assimilation have been identified as target processes conditioning crop responsiveness to elevated CO2 . However, little is known about phenology-driven modifications of C and N primary metabolism at elevated CO2 in cereals such as wheat. Here, we examined the differential effect of elevated CO2 at two development stages (onset of flowering, onset of grain filling) in durum wheat (Triticum durum, var. Sula) using physiological measurements (photosynthesis, isotopes), metabolomics, proteomics and (15) N labelling. Our results show that growth at elevated CO2 was accompanied by photosynthetic acclimation through a lower internal (mesophyll) conductance but no significant effect on Rubisco content, maximal carboxylation or electron transfer. Growth at elevated CO2 altered photosynthate export and tended to accelerate leaf N remobilization, which was visible for several proteins and amino acids, as well as lysine degradation metabolism. However, grain biomass produced at elevated CO2 was larger and less N rich, suggesting that nitrogen use efficiency rather than photosynthesis is an important target for improvement, even in good CO2 -responsive cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iker Aranjuelo
- Plant Biology and Ecology Department, Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, 48940, Spain
| | - Gorka Erice
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Alvaro Sanz-Sáez
- Department of Plant Biology and Crop Science, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Cyril Abadie
- Plateforme Métabolisme-Métabolome, Institut de Biologie des Plantes, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, 91405, France
| | - Françoise Gilard
- Plateforme Métabolisme-Métabolome, Institut de Biologie des Plantes, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, 91405, France
| | - Erena Gil-Quintana
- Dpto. Ciencias del Medio Natural, Universidad Pública de Navarra Campus de Arrosadía, Pamplona, 31006, Spain
| | - Jean-Christophe Avice
- Ecophysiologie Végétale, Agronomie et Nutritions NCS, INRA, UMR INRA/UCBN, Institut de Biologie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Caen, 14032, France
| | - Christiana Staudinger
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Stefanie Wienkoop
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Jose L Araus
- Dpto de Biología Vegetal, Facultat de Biologia, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Jacques Bourguignon
- Laboratoire Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale (PCV), CEA, iRTSV, Grenoble, 38054, France
- Réponse de la plante aux stress environnementaux et métaux lourds, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, 38041, France
| | - Juan J Irigoyen
- Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Dpto. de Biología Ambiental), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVV, Logroño, Facultades de Ciencias yFarmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - Guillaume Tcherkez
- Research School of Biology, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
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Jauregui I, Aroca R, Garnica M, Zamarreño ÁM, García-Mina JM, Serret MD, Parry M, Irigoyen JJ, Aranjuelo I. Nitrogen assimilation and transpiration: key processes conditioning responsiveness of wheat to elevated [CO2] and temperature. Physiol Plant 2015; 155:338-54. [PMID: 25958969 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Although climate scenarios have predicted an increase in [CO(2)] and temperature conditions, to date few experiments have focused on the interaction of [CO(2)] and temperature effects in wheat development. Recent evidence suggests that photosynthetic acclimation is linked to the photorespiration and N assimilation inhibition of plants exposed to elevated CO(2). The main goal of this study was to analyze the effect of interacting [CO(2)] and temperature on leaf photorespiration, C/N metabolism and N transport in wheat plants exposed to elevated [CO(2)] and temperature conditions. For this purpose, wheat plants were exposed to elevated [CO(2)] (400 vs 700 µmol mol(-1)) and temperature (ambient vs ambient + 4°C) in CO(2) gradient greenhouses during the entire life cycle. Although at the agronomic level, elevated temperature had no effect on plant biomass, physiological analyses revealed that combined elevated [CO(2)] and temperature negatively affected photosynthetic performance. The limited energy levels resulting from the reduced respiratory and photorespiration rates of such plants were apparently inadequate to sustain nitrate reductase activity. Inhibited N assimilation was associated with a strong reduction in amino acid content, conditioned leaf soluble protein content and constrained leaf N status. Therefore, the plant response to elevated [CO(2)] and elevated temperature resulted in photosynthetic acclimation. The reduction in transpiration rates induced limitations in nutrient transport in leaves of plants exposed to elevated [CO(2)] and temperature, led to mineral depletion and therefore contributed to the inhibition of photosynthetic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Jauregui
- Dpto. Ciencias del Medio Natural, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, E-31192, Mutilva Baja, Spain
| | - Ricardo Aroca
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008, Granada, Spain
| | - María Garnica
- R&D Department, CIPAV-Timac Agro Roullier Group, Orcoyen, E-31160, Navarra, Spain
| | - Ángel M Zamarreño
- R&D Department, CIPAV-Timac Agro Roullier Group, Orcoyen, E-31160, Navarra, Spain
| | - José M García-Mina
- R&D Department, CIPAV-Timac Agro Roullier Group, Orcoyen, E-31160, Navarra, Spain
| | - Maria D Serret
- Departament de Biologia Vegetal. Facultat de Biologia, Universidad de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 645, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martin Parry
- Plant Biology and Crop Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts, AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Juan J Irigoyen
- Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Dpto. de Biología Ambiental), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVV, Logroño, Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Basque Country (UPV-EHU), Apdo. 644, Bilbao, E-48080, Bizkaia, Spain
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, E-31192-Mutilva Baja, Spain
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Jauregui I, Aparicio-Tejo PM, Avila C, Rueda-López M, Aranjuelo I. Root and shoot performance of Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to elevated CO2: A physiologic, metabolic and transcriptomic response. J Plant Physiol 2015; 189:65-76. [PMID: 26519814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The responsiveness of C3 plants to raised atmospheric [CO2] levels has been frequently described as constrained by photosynthetic downregulation. The main goal of the current study was to characterize the shoot-root relationship and its implications in plant responsiveness under elevated [CO2] conditions. For this purpose, Arabidopsis thaliana plants were exposed to elevated [CO2] (800ppm versus 400ppm [CO2]) and fertilized with a mixed (NH4NO3) nitrogen source. Plant growth, physiology, metabolite and transcriptomic characterizations were carried out at the root and shoot levels. Plant growth under elevated [CO2] conditions was doubled due to increased photosynthetic rates and gas exchange measurements revealed that these plants maintain higher photosynthetic rates over extended periods of time. This positive response of photosynthetic rates to elevated [CO2] was caused by the maintenance of leaf protein and Rubisco concentrations at control levels alongside enhanced energy efficiency. The increased levels of leaf carbohydrates, organic acids and amino acids supported the augmented respiration rates of plants under elevated [CO2]. A transcriptomic analysis allowed the identification of photoassimilate allocation and remobilization as fundamental process used by the plants to maintain the outstanding photosynthetic performance. Moreover, based on the relationship between plant carbon status and hormone functioning, the transcriptomic analyses provided an explanation of why phenology accelerates under elevated [CO2] conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Jauregui
- Dpto Ciencias del Medio Natural, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, E-31192 Mutilva Baja, Spain; Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, E-31192 Mutilva Baja, Spain.
| | - Pedro M Aparicio-Tejo
- Dpto Ciencias del Medio Natural, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, E-31192 Mutilva Baja, Spain; Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, E-31192 Mutilva Baja, Spain
| | - Concepción Avila
- Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto Andaluz de Biología, Unidad Asociada UMA-CSIC, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Universitario de Teatinos, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Marina Rueda-López
- Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto Andaluz de Biología, Unidad Asociada UMA-CSIC, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Universitario de Teatinos, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, E-31192 Mutilva Baja, Spain; Dpto Biología Vegetal, Universidad del País Vasco, Barrio Sarriena, s/n, E-48940 Leioa, Vizkaia, Spain
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Lewis JD, Phillips NG, Logan BA, Smith RA, Aranjuelo I, Clarke S, Offord CA, Frith A, Barbour M, Huxman T, Tissue DT. Rising temperature may negate the stimulatory effect of rising CO 2 on growth and physiology of Wollemi pine (Wollemia nobilis). Funct Plant Biol 2015; 42:836-850. [PMID: 32480726 DOI: 10.1071/fp14256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rising atmospheric [CO2] is associated with increased air temperature, and this warming may drive many rare plant species to extinction. However, to date, studies on the interactive effects of rising [CO2] and warming have focussed on just a few widely distributed plant species. Wollemi pine (Wollemia nobilis W.G.Jones, K.D.Hill, & J.M.Allen), formerly widespread in Australia, was reduced to a remnant population of fewer than 100 genetically indistinguishable individuals. Here, we examined the interactive effects of three [CO2] (290, 400 and 650ppm) and two temperature (ambient, ambient+4°C) treatments on clonally-propagated Wollemi pine grown for 17 months in glasshouses under well-watered and fertilised conditions. In general, the effects of rising [CO2] and temperature on growth and physiology were not interactive. Rising [CO2] increased shoot growth, light-saturated net photosynthetic rates (Asat) and net carbon gain. Higher net carbon gain was due to increased maximum apparent quantum yield and reduced non-photorespiratory respiration in the light, which also reduced the light compensation point. In contrast, increasing temperature reduced stem growth and Asat. Compensatory changes in mesophyll conductance and stomatal regulation suggest a narrow functional range of optimal water and CO2 flux co-regulation. These results suggest Asat and growth of the surviving genotype of Wollemi pine may continue to increase with rising [CO2], but increasing temperatures may offset these effects, and challenges to physiological and morphological controls over water and carbon trade-offs may push the remnant wild population of Wollemi pine towards extinction.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Lewis
- University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia
| | - Nathan G Phillips
- University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia
| | - Barry A Logan
- University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia
| | - Renee A Smith
- University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Plant Biology and Ecology Department, Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country, Barrio Sarriena, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Steve Clarke
- University of Western Sydney, Capital Works and Facilities, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia
| | - Catherine A Offord
- The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, The Australian PlantBank, The Australian Botanic Garden, Mount Annan, NSW 2567, Australia
| | - Allison Frith
- The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, The Australian PlantBank, The Australian Botanic Garden, Mount Annan, NSW 2567, Australia
| | - Margaret Barbour
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Travis Huxman
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - David T Tissue
- University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia
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Ariz I, Cruz C, Neves T, Irigoyen JJ, Garcia-Olaverri C, Nogués S, Aparicio-Tejo PM, Aranjuelo I. Leaf δ(15)N as a physiological indicator of the responsiveness of N2-fixing alfalfa plants to elevated [CO2], temperature and low water availability. Front Plant Sci 2015; 6:574. [PMID: 26322051 PMCID: PMC4531240 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The natural (15)N/(14)N isotope composition (δ(15)N) of a tissue is a consequence of its N source and N physiological mechanisms in response to the environment. It could potentially be used as a tracer of N metabolism in plants under changing environmental conditions, where primary N metabolism may be complex, and losses and gains of N fluctuate over time. In order to test the utility of δ(15)N as an indicator of plant N status in N2-fixing plants grown under various environmental conditions, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) plants were subjected to distinct conditions of [CO2] (400 vs. 700 μmol mol(-1)), temperature (ambient vs. ambient +4°C) and water availability (fully watered vs. water deficiency-WD). As expected, increased [CO2] and temperature stimulated photosynthetic rates and plant growth, whereas these parameters were negatively affected by WD. The determination of δ(15)N in leaves, stems, roots, and nodules showed that leaves were the most representative organs of the plant response to increased [CO2] and WD. Depletion of heavier N isotopes in plants grown under higher [CO2] and WD conditions reflected decreased transpiration rates, but could also be related to a higher N demand in leaves, as suggested by the decreased leaf N and total soluble protein (TSP) contents detected at 700 μmol mol(-1) [CO2] and WD conditions. In summary, leaf δ(15)N provides relevant information integrating parameters which condition plant responsiveness (e.g., photosynthesis, TSP, N demand, and water transpiration) to environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idoia Ariz
- Faculdade de Ciências, Centro Ecologia Evolução e Alterações Ambientais, Universidade de LisboaLisboa, Portugal
| | - Cristina Cruz
- Faculdade de Ciências, Centro Ecologia Evolução e Alterações Ambientais, Universidade de LisboaLisboa, Portugal
| | - Tomé Neves
- Faculdade de Ciências, Centro Ecologia Evolução e Alterações Ambientais, Universidade de LisboaLisboa, Portugal
| | - Juan J. Irigoyen
- Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVVLogroño, Spain
| | - Carmen Garcia-Olaverri
- Departamento de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, Universidad Pública de NavarraPamplona, Spain
| | - Salvador Nogués
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultat de Biologia, Universidad de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro M. Aparicio-Tejo
- Departamento de Ciencias del Medio Natural, Universidad Pública de NavarraPamplona, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Plant Biology and Ecology Department, Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque CountryLeioa, Spain
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de NavarraMutilva Baja, Spain
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Bahaji A, Sánchez-López ÁM, De Diego N, Muñoz FJ, Baroja-Fernández E, Li J, Ricarte-Bermejo A, Baslam M, Aranjuelo I, Almagro G, Humplík JF, Novák O, Spíchal L, Doležal K, Pozueta-Romero J. Correction: Plastidic phosphoglucose isomerase is an important determinant of starch accumulation in mesophyll cells, growth, photosynthetic capacity, and biosynthesis of plastidic cytokinins in Arabidopsis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126531. [PMID: 25906238 PMCID: PMC4408045 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Bahaji A, Sánchez-López ÁM, De Diego N, Muñoz FJ, Baroja-Fernández E, Li J, Ricarte-Bermejo A, Baslam M, Aranjuelo I, Almagro G, Humplík JF, Novák O, Spíchal L, Doležal K, Pozueta-Romero J. Plastidic phosphoglucose isomerase is an important determinant of starch accumulation in mesophyll cells, growth, photosynthetic capacity, and biosynthesis of plastidic cytokinins in Arabidopsis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119641. [PMID: 25811607 PMCID: PMC4374969 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) catalyzes the reversible isomerization of glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate. It is involved in glycolysis and in the regeneration of glucose-6-P molecules in the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (OPPP). In chloroplasts of illuminated mesophyll cells PGI also connects the Calvin-Benson cycle with the starch biosynthetic pathway. In this work we isolated pgi1-3, a mutant totally lacking pPGI activity as a consequence of aberrant intron splicing of the pPGI encoding gene, PGI1. Starch content in pgi1-3 source leaves was ca. 10-15% of that of wild type (WT) leaves, which was similar to that of leaves of pgi1-2, a T-DNA insertion pPGI null mutant. Starch deficiency of pgi1 leaves could be reverted by the introduction of a sex1 null mutation impeding β-amylolytic starch breakdown. Although previous studies showed that starch granules of pgi1-2 leaves are restricted to both bundle sheath cells adjacent to the mesophyll and stomata guard cells, microscopy analyses carried out in this work revealed the presence of starch granules in the chloroplasts of pgi1-2 and pgi1-3 mesophyll cells. RT-PCR analyses showed high expression levels of plastidic and extra-plastidic β-amylase encoding genes in pgi1 leaves, which was accompanied by increased β-amylase activity. Both pgi1-2 and pgi1-3 mutants displayed slow growth and reduced photosynthetic capacity phenotypes even under continuous light conditions. Metabolic analyses revealed that the adenylate energy charge and the NAD(P)H/NAD(P) ratios in pgi1 leaves were lower than those of WT leaves. These analyses also revealed that the content of plastidic 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP)-pathway derived cytokinins (CKs) in pgi1 leaves were exceedingly lower than in WT leaves. Noteworthy, exogenous application of CKs largely reverted the low starch content phenotype of pgi1 leaves. The overall data show that pPGI is an important determinant of photosynthesis, energy status, growth and starch accumulation in mesophyll cells likely as a consequence of its involvement in the production of OPPP/glycolysis intermediates necessary for the synthesis of plastidic MEP-pathway derived hormones such as CKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdellatif Bahaji
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC/UPNA/Gobierno de Navarra), Iruñako etorbidea 123, Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, 31192, Spain
| | - Ángela M. Sánchez-López
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC/UPNA/Gobierno de Navarra), Iruñako etorbidea 123, Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, 31192, Spain
| | - Nuria De Diego
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, CZ-78371, Czech Republic
| | - Francisco J. Muñoz
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC/UPNA/Gobierno de Navarra), Iruñako etorbidea 123, Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, 31192, Spain
| | - Edurne Baroja-Fernández
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC/UPNA/Gobierno de Navarra), Iruñako etorbidea 123, Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, 31192, Spain
| | - Jun Li
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC/UPNA/Gobierno de Navarra), Iruñako etorbidea 123, Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, 31192, Spain
| | - Adriana Ricarte-Bermejo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC/UPNA/Gobierno de Navarra), Iruñako etorbidea 123, Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, 31192, Spain
| | - Marouane Baslam
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC/UPNA/Gobierno de Navarra), Iruñako etorbidea 123, Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, 31192, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Plant Biology and Ecology Department, Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country, Barrio Sarriena, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Goizeder Almagro
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC/UPNA/Gobierno de Navarra), Iruñako etorbidea 123, Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, 31192, Spain
| | - Jan F. Humplík
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, CZ-78371, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR, Olomouc, CZ-78371, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Spíchal
- Plant Biology and Ecology Department, Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country, Barrio Sarriena, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Karel Doležal
- Plant Biology and Ecology Department, Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country, Barrio Sarriena, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Javier Pozueta-Romero
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC/UPNA/Gobierno de Navarra), Iruñako etorbidea 123, Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, 31192, Spain
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Aranjuelo I, Molero G, Avice JC, Bourguignon J. A novel method for determination of the (15) N isotopic composition of Rubisco in wheat plants exposed to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide. Physiol Plant 2015; 153:195-203. [PMID: 25272325 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Although ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) is mostly known as a key enzyme involved in CO2 assimilation during the Calvin cycle, comparatively little is known about its role as a pool of nitrogen storage in leaves. For this purpose, we developed a protocol to purify Rubisco that enables later analysis of its (15) N isotope composition (δ(15) N) at the natural abundance and (15) N-labeled plants. In order to test the utility of this protocol, durum wheat (Triticum durum var. Sula) exposed to an elevated CO2 concentration (700 vs 400 µmol mol(-1) ) was labeled with K(15) NO3 (enriched at 2 atom %) during the ear development period. The developed protocol proves to be selective, simple, cost effective and reproducible. The study reveals that (15) N labeling was different in total organic matter, total soluble protein and the Rubisco fraction. The obtained data suggest that photosynthetic acclimation in wheat is caused by Rubisco depletion. This depletion may be linked to preferential nitrogen remobilization from Rubisco toward grain filling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iker Aranjuelo
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Basque Country (UPV-EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Vizcaya, Spain; CEA, iRTSV, Laboratoire Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale (PCV), F-38054, Grenoble, France; Université Grenoble Alpes, PCV, F-38041, Grenoble, France; CNRS, UMR5168, PCV, F-38054, Grenoble, France; INRA, USC1359, PCV, F-38054, Grenoble, France
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Salazar-Parra C, Aranjuelo I, Pascual I, Erice G, Sanz-Sáez Á, Aguirreolea J, Sánchez-Díaz M, Irigoyen JJ, Araus JL, Morales F. Carbon balance, partitioning and photosynthetic acclimation in fruit-bearing grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Tempranillo) grown under simulated climate change (elevated CO2, elevated temperature and moderate drought) scenarios in temperature gradient greenhouses. J Plant Physiol 2015; 174:97-109. [PMID: 25462972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Although plant performance under elevated CO2 has been extensively studied in the past little is known about photosynthetic performance changing simultaneously CO2, water availability and temperature conditions. Moreover, despite of its relevancy in crop responsiveness to elevated CO2 conditions, plant level C balance is a topic that, comparatively, has received little attention. In order to test responsiveness of grapevine photosynthetic apparatus to predicted climate change conditions, grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Tempranillo) fruit-bearing cuttings were exposed to different CO2 (elevated, 700ppm vs. ambient, ca. 400ppm), temperature (ambient vs. elevated, ambient +4°C) and irrigation levels (partial vs. full irrigation). Carbon balance was followed monitoring net photosynthesis (AN, C gain), respiration (RD) and photorespiration (RL) (C losses). Modification of environment (13)C isotopic composition (δ(13)C) under elevated CO2 (from -10.30 to -24.93‰) enabled the further characterization of C partitioning into roots, cuttings, shoots, petioles, leaves, rachides and berries. Irrespective of irrigation level and temperature, exposure to elevated CO2 induced photosynthetic acclimation of plants. C/N imbalance reflected the inability of plants grown at 700ppm CO2 to develop strong C sinks. Partitioning of labeled C to storage organs (main stem and roots) did not avoid accumulation of labeled photoassimilates in leaves, affecting negatively Rubisco carboxylation activity. The study also revealed that, after 20 days of treatment, no oxidative damage to chlorophylls or carotenoids was observed, suggesting a protective role of CO2 either at current or elevated temperatures against the adverse effect of water stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Salazar-Parra
- Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Dpto. de Biología Ambiental), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVV, Logroño, Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, 31192 Mutilva Baja, Spain; Plant Biology and Ecology Department, Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country, Barrio Sarriena sn, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Pascual
- Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Dpto. de Biología Ambiental), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVV, Logroño, Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gorka Erice
- Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Dpto. de Biología Ambiental), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVV, Logroño, Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Álvaro Sanz-Sáez
- Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Dpto. de Biología Ambiental), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVV, Logroño, Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jone Aguirreolea
- Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Dpto. de Biología Ambiental), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVV, Logroño, Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Díaz
- Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Dpto. de Biología Ambiental), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVV, Logroño, Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan José Irigoyen
- Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Dpto. de Biología Ambiental), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVV, Logroño, Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - José Luis Araus
- Unidad de Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, 08028, Spain
| | - Fermín Morales
- Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Dpto. de Biología Ambiental), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVV, Logroño, Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Dpto. de Nutrición Vegetal, Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (EEAD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Apdo. 13034, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain.
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Aranjuelo I, Molero G, Erice G, Aldasoro J, Arrese-Igor C, Nogués S. Effect of shoot removal on remobilization of carbon and nitrogen during regrowth of nitrogen-fixing alfalfa. Physiol Plant 2015; 153:91-104. [PMID: 24813428 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The contribution of carbon and nitrogen reserves to regrowth following shoot removal has been studied in the past. However, important gaps remain in understanding the effect of shoot cutting on nodule performance and its relevance during regrowth. In this study, isotopic labelling was conducted at root and canopy levels with both (15) N2 and (13) C-depleted CO2 on exclusively nitrogen-fixing alfalfa plants. As expected, our results indicate that the roots were the main sink organs before shoots were removed. Seven days after regrowth the carbon and nitrogen stored in the roots was invested in shoot biomass formation and partitioned to the nodules. The large depletion in nodule carbohydrate availability suggests that root-derived carbon compounds were delivered towards nodules in order to sustain respiratory activity. In addition to the limited carbohydrate availability, the upregulation of nodule peroxidases showed that oxidative stress was also involved during poor nodule performance. Fourteen days after cutting, and as a consequence of the stimulated photosynthetic and N2 -fixing machinery, availability of Cnew and Nnew strongly diminished in the plants due to their replacement by C and N assimilated during the post-labelling period. In summary, our study indicated that during the first week of regrowth, root-derived C and N remobilization did not overcome C- and N-limitation in nodules and leaves. However, 14 days after cutting, leaf and nodule performance were re-established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, ES-31192, Mutilva Baja, Spain; Unitat de Fisologia Vegetal, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, ES-08028, Barcelona, Spain
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49
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Erice G, Sanz-Sáez A, Urdiain A, Araus JL, Irigoyen JJ, Aranjuelo I. Harvest index combined with impaired N availability constrains the responsiveness of durum wheat to elevated CO 2 concentration and terminal water stress. Funct Plant Biol 2014; 41:1138-1147. [PMID: 32481064 DOI: 10.1071/fp14045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite its relevance, few studies to date have analysed the role of harvest index (HI) in the responsiveness of wheat (Triticum spp.) to elevated CO2 concentration ([CO2]) under limited water availability. The goal of the present work was to characterise the role of HI in the physiological responsiveness of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) exposed to elevated [CO2] and terminal (i.e. during grain filling) water stress. For this purpose, the performance of wheat plants with high versus low HI (cvv. Sula and Blanqueta, respectively) was assessed under elevated [CO2] (700μmolmol-1 vs 400μmolmol-1 CO2) and terminal water stress (imposed after ear emergence) in CO2 greenhouses. Leaf carbohydrate build-up combined with limitations in CO2 diffusion (in droughted plants) limited the responsiveness to elevated [CO2] in both cultivars. Elevated [CO2] only increased wheat yield in fully watered Sula plants, where its larger HI prevented an elevated accumulation of total nonstructural carbohydrates. It is likely that the putative shortened grain filling period in plants exposed to water stress also limited the responsiveness of plants to elevated [CO2]. In summary, our study showed that even under optimal water availability conditions, only plants with a high HI responded to elevated [CO2] with increased plant growth, and that terminal drought constrained the responsiveness of wheat plants to elevated [CO2].
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Affiliation(s)
- Gorka Erice
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Sección Biología Vegetal, Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, c/ Irunlarrea 1, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Alvaro Sanz-Sáez
- Departament de Biologia Vegetal, Facultat de Biologia, Universidad de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 645 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amadeo Urdiain
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Sección Biología Vegetal, Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, c/ Irunlarrea 1, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Jose L Araus
- Departament de Biologia Vegetal, Facultat de Biologia, Universidad de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 645 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan José Irigoyen
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Sección Biología Vegetal, Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, c/ Irunlarrea 1, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Avenuenida de Pamplona 123, E-31192, Mutilva Baja, Spain
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Nogués S, Aljazairi S, Arias C, Sánchez E, Aranjuelo I. Two distinct plant respiratory physiotypes might exist which correspond to fast-growing and slow-growing species. J Plant Physiol 2014; 171:1157-1163. [PMID: 24973588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The origin of the carbon atoms in CO2 respired by leaves in the dark of several plant species has been studied using 13C/12C stable isotopes. This study was conducted using an open gas exchange system for isotope labeling that was coupled to an elemental analyzer and further linked to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (EA-IRMS) or coupled to a gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometer (GC-C-IRMS). We demonstrate here that the carbon, which is recently assimilated during photosynthesis, accounts for nearly ca. 50% of the carbon in the CO2 lost through dark respiration (Rd) after illumination in fast-growing and cultivated plants and trees and, accounts for only ca. 10% in slow-growing plants. Moreover, our study shows that fast-growing plants, which had the largest percentages of newly fixed carbon of leaf-respired CO2, were also those with the largest shoot/root ratios, whereas slow-growing plants showed the lowest shoot/root values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Nogués
- Unitat de Fisiologia Vegetal, Departament de Biologia Vegetal, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Salvador Aljazairi
- Unitat de Fisiologia Vegetal, Departament de Biologia Vegetal, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudia Arias
- Unitat de Fisiologia Vegetal, Departament de Biologia Vegetal, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Sánchez
- Unitat de Fisiologia Vegetal, Departament de Biologia Vegetal, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Unitat de Fisiologia Vegetal, Departament de Biologia Vegetal, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
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