1
|
Sun J, Bie XM, Wang N, Zhang XS, Gao XQ. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of YTH domain-containing RNA-binding protein family in common wheat. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:351. [PMID: 32713350 PMCID: PMC7384225 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02505-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) is the most widespread RNA modification that plays roles in the regulation of genes and genome stability. YT521-B homology (YTH) domain-containing RNA-binding proteins are important RNA binding proteins that affect the fate of m6A-containing RNA by binding m6A. Little is known about the YTH genes in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), one of the most important crops for humans. RESULTS A total of 39 TaYTH genes were identified in common wheat, which are comprised of 13 homologous triads, and could be mapped in 18 out of the 21 chromosomes. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that the TaYTHs could be divided into two groups: YTHDF (TaDF) and YTHDC (TaDC). The TaYTHs in the same group share similar motif distributions and domain organizations, which indicates functional similarity between the closely related TaYTHs. The TaDF proteins share only one domain, which is the YTH domain. In contrast, the TaDCs possess three C3H1-type zinc finger repeats at their N-termini in addition to their central YTH domain. In TaDFs, the predicated aromatic cage pocket that binds the methylysine residue of m6A is composed of tryptophan, tryptophan, and tryptophan (WWW). In contrast, the aromatic cage pocket in the TaDCs is composed of tryptophan, tryptophan, and tyrosine (WWY). In addition to the general aspartic acid or asparagine residue used to form a hydrogen bond with N1 of m6A, histidine might be utilized in some TaDFb proteins. An analysis of the expression using both online RNA-Seq data and quantitative real-time PCR verification revealed that the TaDFa and TaDFb genes are highly expressed in various tissues/organs compared with that of TaDFcs and TaDCs. In addition, the expression of the TaYTH genes is changed in response to various abiotic stresses. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we identified 39 TaYTH genes from common wheat. The phylogenetic structure, chromosome distribution, and patterns of expression of these genes and their protein structures were analyzed. Our results provide a foundation for the functional analysis of TaYTHs in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Xiao Min Bie
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Ning Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Xian Sheng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Xin-Qi Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Biswas DK, Ma BL, Xu H, Li Y, Jiang G. Lutein-mediated photoprotection of photosynthetic machinery in Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to chronic low ultraviolet-B radiation. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 248:153160. [PMID: 32283468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ecologically relevant low UV-B is reported to alter reactive oxygen species metabolism and anti-oxidative systems through an up-regulation of enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway. However, little is known about low UV-B-induced changes in carotenoid profile and their impacts on light harvesting and photoprotection of photosystem II (PSII) in plants. We investigated carotenoids profile, chlorophyll pigments, phenolics, photosynthetic efficiency and growth in Arabidopsis thaliana (Col-0) plants grown under photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), PAR+ ultraviolet (UV)-A and PAR+UV-A+B regimes for 10 days in order to assess plant acclimation to low UV-B radiation. A chlorophyll fluorescence assay was used to examine UV-B tolerance in plants further exposed to acute high UV-B for 4 and 6 h following a 10-day growth under different PAR and UV regimes. We found that both PAR+ UV-A and PAR+UV-A+B regimes had no negative effect on quantum efficiency, electron transport rate, rosette diameter, relative growth rate and shoot dry weight of plants. Chronic PAR+ UV-A regime considerably (P < 0.05) increased violaxanthin (26 %) and neoxanthin (92 %) content in plants. Plant exposure to chronic PAR+UV-A+B significantly (P < 0.05) increased violaxanthin (48 %), neoxanthin (63 %), lutein (33 %), 9-cis ß-carotene (28 %), total ß-carotene (29 %) and total phenolics (108 %). The maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) in leaves was found to be positively correlated with total phenolics (rho = 0.81 and rho = 0.91, P < 0.05 for 4 and 6 h, respectively) and non-photochemical quenching (qN) (rho = 0.81 and rho = 0.84, P < 0.05 for 4 and 6 h, respectively) in plants exposed to acute high UV-B for 4 and 6 h following a 10-day growth under chronic PAR+UV-A+B. There was also a significant positive correlation (rho = 0.93, P < 0.01) between qN and lutein content in the plants exposed to acute high UV-B stress for 4 h following plant exposure to chronic PAR+UV-A+B. The findings from our study indicate that plants grown under chronic PAR+UV-A+B displayed higher photoprotection of PSII against acute high UV-B stress than those grown under PAR and PAR+ UV-A regimes. An induction of phenolics and lutein-mediated development of qN were involved in the photoprotection of PSII against UV-B-induced oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilip K Biswas
- Department of Zoology, Ecology and Plant Science, University College Cork, Distillery Field, North Mall, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Bao-Luo Ma
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Hong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, PR China
| | - Yonggeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, PR China
| | - Gaoming Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Effects of Elevated Temperature and Ozone in Brassica juncea L.: Growth, Physiology, and ROS Accumulation. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f11010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Global warming and ozone (O3) pose serious threats to crop yield and ecosystem health. Although neither of these factors will act individually in reality, most studies have focused on the responses of plants to air pollution or climate change. Interactive effects of these remain poorly studied. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the effects of optimal (22/20 °C day/night) and elevated temperature (27/25 °C) and/or ambient (10 ± 10 nL L−1) and elevated O3 concentrations (100 ± 10 nL L−1) on the growth, physiology, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation of leaf mustard (Brassica juncea L.). The aim was to examine whether elevated temperature increase the O3 damage due to increasing stomatal conductance, and thus, O3 flux into the leaf. Significant reductions in photosynthetic rates occurred under O (elevated O3 with optimal temperatures) and OT (elevated O3 and temperature) conditions compared to C (controls). Stomatal conductance was significantly higher under T than in the C at 7 DAE. Under OT conditions, O3 flux significantly increased compared to that in O conditions at 7 days after exposure (DAE). Significant reductions in total fresh and dry weight were observed under OT conditions compared to those under O. Furthermore, significant reductions in levels of carotenoids and ascorbic acid were observed under OT conditions compared to O. Lipid peroxidation and accumulation of ROS such as hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, and superoxide radical were higher under O and OT conditions than in C conditions at 7 and 14 DAE. As a result of O3 stress, the results of the present study indicated that the plant injury index significantly increased under OT compared to O conditions. This result suggested that elevated temperature (+5 °C) may enhance O3 damage to B. juncea by increasing stomatal conductance and O3 flux into leaves.
Collapse
|
4
|
Dikšaitytė A, Viršilė A, Žaltauskaitė J, Januškaitienė I, Juozapaitienė G. Growth and photosynthetic responses in Brassica napus differ during stress and recovery periods when exposed to combined heat, drought and elevated CO 2. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 142:59-72. [PMID: 31272036 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study was intended to investigate how an agronomically important crop Brassica napus will be able to cope with the combined impact of a heatwave (21/14 °C vs. 33/26 °C day/night) and drought under ambient or elevated CO2 (800 vs. 400 μmol mol-1) and to what degree their recovery will be ensured after the stress, when additional CO2 is also removed. The obtained results revealed that, in the presence of an adequate water supply, B. napus performed well under heatwave conditions. However, drought fully negated all the advantages gained from hotter climate and led to a slower and incomplete recovery of gas exchange and retarded growth after the stress, regardless mitigating the effect of elevated CO2 during the stress. The mechanism by which the elevated CO2 diminished the adverse effect of a combined heat and drought stress on photosynthetic rate at saturating light (Asat) was attributed to the improved plant water relations. However, it had little effect on the recovery of Asat. In contrast, the mechanism by which photosynthesis was more impaired under the combination of heatwave and drought, compared to single drought treatment, was attributed mainly to the faster soil drying as well as faster and sharper decrease in stomatal conductance and subsequent in Ci/Ca. Keeping in mind that photosynthesis can acclimatize by downregulation to higher CO2, the results of this study, showing a weak memory of mitigating the effect of elevated CO2, highlight a potential risk of more intense and frequent heatwaves and droughts on B. napus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Austra Dikšaitytė
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno St. 30 Babtai, Kaunas Distr, LT54333, Lithuania; Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos St. 8, LT44404, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Akvilė Viršilė
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno St. 30 Babtai, Kaunas Distr, LT54333, Lithuania
| | - Jūratė Žaltauskaitė
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos St. 8, LT44404, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Irena Januškaitienė
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos St. 8, LT44404, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Gintarė Juozapaitienė
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos St. 8, LT44404, Kaunas, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kumar M, Raina SK, Govindasamy V, Singh AK, Choudhary RL, Rane J, Minhas PS. Assimilates mobilization, stable canopy temperature and expression of expansin stabilizes grain weight in wheat cultivar LOK-1 under different soil moisture conditions. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2017; 58:14. [PMID: 28510197 PMCID: PMC5432918 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-017-0169-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grain yield of wheat is primarily determined by both grain number and grain weight, which often influence each other in response to environmental stimuli. Some of the genotypes are capable of maintaining high single grain weight (SGW) across the environments. Understanding mechanisms and factors associated with the superiority of such genotypes over others is necessary to enhance productivity of wheat. RESULTS Experiments were conducted to elucidate the physiological basis of high SGW of LOK-1, a wheat cultivar grown in dry and hot environments in the central and peninsular zones of India. SGW of LOK-1 was least affected by removal of spikelets indicating little competition between the grains within the spike for assimilates. Reduction in SGW due to defoliation was less and the contribution of stem reserves to the grain development was high in LOK-1 relative to other cultivars. It seems that high level of expression of genes such as expansin (TaExpA6) contributes to the high SGW of LOK-1. CONCLUSIONS Source was not a limiting factor for grain growth of LOK-1 in contrast to other cultivars, whereas sink appeared to be a limiting factor in recently released/identified cultivars. Differences in the amounts of water soluble stem carbohydrate reserves translocated to grain could be one of the factors contributing to higher grain weight in LOK-1. High level expression of TaExpA6, one of the genes contributing to the elongation of endosperm, seems to be crucial for grain growth in wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Kumar
- School of Drought Stress Management, ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management (NIASM), Malegaon, Baramati, Pune, 413 115 India
| | - Susheel Kumar Raina
- School of Drought Stress Management, ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management (NIASM), Malegaon, Baramati, Pune, 413 115 India
- ICAR-Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture, Old Air Field, PO Rangreth, Srinagar, J & K 190007 India
| | - Venkadasamy Govindasamy
- School of Drought Stress Management, ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management (NIASM), Malegaon, Baramati, Pune, 413 115 India
- Division of Microbiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Ajay Kumar Singh
- School of Drought Stress Management, ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management (NIASM), Malegaon, Baramati, Pune, 413 115 India
| | - Ram Lal Choudhary
- School of Edaphic Stress Management, ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Malegaon, Baramati, 413 115 India
| | - Jagadish Rane
- School of Drought Stress Management, ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management (NIASM), Malegaon, Baramati, Pune, 413 115 India
| | - Paramjit Singh Minhas
- ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Malegaon, Baramati, 413 115 India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Guidi L, Remorini D, Cotrozzi L, Giordani T, Lorenzini G, Massai R, Nali C, Natali L, Pellegrini E, Trivellini A, Vangelisti A, Vernieri P, Landi M. The harsh life of an urban tree: the effect of a single pulse of ozone in salt-stressed Quercus ilex saplings. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 37:246-260. [PMID: 27784826 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpw103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Ozone (O3) and salinity are usually tested as combined factors on plant performance. However, the response to a single episode of O3 in plants already stressed by an excess of NaCl as occurs in the natural environment has never been investigated, but is important given that it is commonly experienced in Mediterranean areas. Three-year-old Quercus ilex L. (holm oak) saplings were exposed to salinity (150 mM NaCl, 15 days), and the effect on photosynthesis, hydric relations and ion partitioning was evaluated (Experiment I). In Experiment II, salt-treated saplings were exposed to 80 nl l-1 of O3 for 5 h, which is a realistic dose in a Mediterranean environment. Gas exchanges, chlorophyll fluorescence and antioxidant systems were characterized to test whether the salt-induced stomatal closure limited O3 uptake and stress or whether the pollutant represents an additional stressor for plants. Salt-dependent stomatal closure depressed the photosynthetic process (-71.6% of light-saturated rate of photosynthesis (A380)) and strongly enhanced the dissipation of energy via the xanthophyll cycle. However, salt-treated plants had higher values of net assimilation rate/stomatal conductance (A/gs) than the controls, which was attributable to a greater mesophyll conductance gm/gs and carboxylation efficiency (higher gm/maximal rate of Rubisco carboxylation (Vcmax)), thus suggesting no damage to chloroplasts. O3 did not exacerbate the effect of salinity on photosynthesis, however a general enhancement of the Halliwell-Asada cycle was necessary to counteract the O3-triggered oxidative stress. Despite the 79.4% gs reduction in salt-stressed plants, which strongly limited the O3 uptake, a single peak in the air pollutant led to an additional burden for the antioxidant system when plants had been previously subjected to salinity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Guidi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xu Z, Jiang Y, Zhou G. Response and adaptation of photosynthesis, respiration, and antioxidant systems to elevated CO2 with environmental stress in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:701. [PMID: 26442017 PMCID: PMC4564695 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that plant photosynthesis and respiration are two fundamental and crucial physiological processes, while the critical role of the antioxidant system in response to abiotic factors is still a focus point for investigating physiological stress. Although one key metabolic process and its response to climatic change have already been reported and reviewed, an integrative review, including several biological processes at multiple scales, has not been well reported. The current review will present a synthesis focusing on the underlying mechanisms in the responses to elevated CO2 at multiple scales, including molecular, cellular, biochemical, physiological, and individual aspects, particularly, for these biological processes under elevated CO2 with other key abiotic stresses, such as heat, drought, and ozone pollution, as well as nitrogen limitation. The present comprehensive review may add timely and substantial information about the topic in recent studies, while it presents what has been well established in previous reviews. First, an outline of the critical biological processes, and an overview of their roles in environmental regulation, is presented. Second, the research advances with regard to the individual subtopics are reviewed, including the response and adaptation of the photosynthetic capacity, respiration, and antioxidant system to CO2 enrichment alone, and its combination with other climatic change factors. Finally, the potential applications for plant responses at various levels to climate change are discussed. The above issue is currently of crucial concern worldwide, and this review may help in a better understanding of how plants deal with elevated CO2 using other mainstream abiotic factors, including molecular, cellular, biochemical, physiological, and whole individual processes, and the better management of the ecological environment, climate change, and sustainable development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Yanling Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Guangsheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang Y, Song Q, Frei M, Shao Z, Yang L. Effects of elevated ozone, carbon dioxide, and the combination of both on the grain quality of Chinese hybrid rice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2014; 189:9-17. [PMID: 24607649 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The effects of CO2 and/or O3 elevation on rice grain quality were investigated in chamber experiments with gas fumigation performed from transplanting until maturity in 2011 and 2012. Compared with the control (current CO2 and O3 concentration), elevated CO2 caused a tendency of an increase in grain chalkiness and a decrease in mineral nutrient concentrations. In contrast, elevated O3 significantly increased grain chalkiness and the concentrations of essential nutrients, while changes in starch pasting properties indicated a trend of deterioration in the cooking and eating quality. In the combination of elevated CO2 and O3 treatment, only chalkiness degree was significantly affected. It is concluded that the O3 concentration projected for the coming few decades will have more substantial effects on grain quality of Chinese hybrid rice than the projected high CO2 concentration alone, and the combination of two gases caused fewer significant changes in grain quality than individual gas treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Wang
- Key Lab of Crop Genetics & Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qiling Song
- Key Lab of Crop Genetics & Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Michael Frei
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Zaisheng Shao
- Key Lab of Crop Genetics & Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Lianxin Yang
- Key Lab of Crop Genetics & Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
He Z, Xiong J, Kent AD, Deng Y, Xue K, Wang G, Wu L, Van Nostrand JD, Zhou J. Distinct responses of soil microbial communities to elevated CO2 and O3 in a soybean agro-ecosystem. THE ISME JOURNAL 2014; 8:714-726. [PMID: 24108327 PMCID: PMC3930317 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2013.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and tropospheric ozone (O3) have been rising due to human activities. However, little is known about how such increases influence soil microbial communities. We hypothesized that elevated CO2 (eCO2) and elevated O3 (eO3) would significantly affect the functional composition, structure and metabolic potential of soil microbial communities, and that various functional groups would respond to such atmospheric changes differentially. To test these hypotheses, we analyzed 96 soil samples from a soybean free-air CO2 enrichment (SoyFACE) experimental site using a comprehensive functional gene microarray (GeoChip 3.0). The results showed the overall functional composition and structure of soil microbial communities shifted under eCO2, eO3 or eCO2+eO3. Key functional genes involved in carbon fixation and degradation, nitrogen fixation, denitrification and methane metabolism were stimulated under eCO2, whereas those involved in N fixation, denitrification and N mineralization were suppressed under eO3, resulting in the fact that the abundance of some eO3-supressed genes was promoted to ambient, or eCO2-induced levels by the interaction of eCO2+eO3. Such effects appeared distinct for each treatment and significantly correlated with soil properties and soybean yield. Overall, our analysis suggests possible mechanisms of microbial responses to global atmospheric change factors through the stimulation of C and N cycling by eCO2, the inhibition of N functional processes by eO3 and the interaction by eCO2 and eO3. This study provides new insights into our understanding of microbial functional processes in response to global atmospheric change in soybean agro-ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhili He
- Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, the University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
| | - Jinbo Xiong
- Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, the University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
- Faculty of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Angela D Kent
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Ye Deng
- Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, the University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Kai Xue
- Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, the University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Gejiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liyou Wu
- Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, the University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Joy D Van Nostrand
- Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, the University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Jizhong Zhou
- Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, the University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kumari S, Agrawal M. Growth, yield and quality attributes of a tropical potato variety (Solanum tuberosum L. cv Kufri chandramukhi) under ambient and elevated carbon dioxide and ozone and their interactions. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2014; 101:146-156. [PMID: 24507140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to study the growth and yield responses of a tropical potato variety (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Kufri chandramukhi) to different levels of carbon dioxide (382 and 570ppm) and ozone (50 and 70ppb) in combinations using open top chambers (OTCs). Plants were exposed to three ozone levels in combination with ambient CO2 and two ozone levels at elevated CO2. Significant increments in leaf area and total biomass were observed under elevated CO2 in combination with ambient O3 (ECO2+AO3) and elevated O3 (ECO2+EO3), compared to the plants grown under ambient concentrations (ACO2+AO3). Yield measured as fresh weight of potato also increased significantly under ECO2+AO3 and ECO2+EO3. Yield, however, reduced under ambient (ACO2+AO3) and elevated ozone (ACO2+EO3) compared to ACO2 (filtered chamber). Number, fresh and dry weights of tubers of size 35-50mm and>50mm used for direct consumption and industrial purposes, respectively increased maximally under ECO2+AO3. Ambient as well as elevated levels of O3 negatively affected the growth parameters and yield mainly due to reductions in number and weight of tubers of sizes >35mm. The quality of potato tubers was also modified under different treatments. Starch content increased and K, Zn and Fe concentrations decreased under ECO2+AO3 and ECO2+EO3 compared to ACO2+AO3. Starch content reduced under ACO2+AO3 and ACO2+EO3 treatments compared to ACO2. These results clearly suggest that elevated CO2 has provided complete protection to ambient O3 as the potato yield was higher under ECO2+AO3 compared to ACO2. However, ambient CO2 is not enough to protect the plants under ambient O3 levels. Elevated CO2 also provided protection against elevated O3 by improving the yield. Quality of tubers is modified by both CO2 and O3, which have serious implications on human health at present and in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumita Kumari
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Madhoolika Agrawal
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hao X, Li P, Feng Y, Han X, Gao J, Lin E, Han Y. Effects of fully open-air [CO2] elevation on leaf photosynthesis and ultrastructure of Isatis indigotica fort. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74600. [PMID: 24058596 PMCID: PMC3776829 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine relies heavily on herbs, yet there is no information on how these herb plants would respond to climate change. In order to gain insight into such response, we studied the effect of elevated [CO2] on Isatis indigotica Fort, one of the most popular Chinese herb plants. The changes in leaf photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, leaf ultrastructure and biomass yield in response to elevated [CO2] (550±19 µmol mol(-1)) were determined at the Free-Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment (FACE) experimental facility in North China. Photosynthetic ability of I. indigotica was improved under elevated [CO2]. Elevated [CO2] increased net photosynthetic rate (P N), water use efficiency (WUE) and maximum rate of electron transport (J max) of upper most fully-expended leaves, but not stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration ratio (Tr) and maximum velocity of carboxylation (V c,max). Elevated [CO2] significantly increased leaf intrinsic efficiency of PSII (Fv'/Fm') and quantum yield of PSII(ΦPS II ), but decreased leaf non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), and did not affect leaf proportion of open PSII reaction centers (qP) and maximum quantum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm). The structural chloroplast membrane, grana layer and stroma thylakoid membranes were intact under elevated [CO2], though more starch grains were accumulated within the chloroplasts than that of under ambient [CO2]. While the yield of I. indigotica was higher due to the improved photosynthesis under elevated [CO2], the content of adenosine, one of the functional ingredients in indigowoad root was not affected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Hao
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture on Agro-environment and Climate Change, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture (IEDA), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Genetic Resources, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Yongxiang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture on Agro-environment and Climate Change, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture (IEDA), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Agronomy, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Xue Han
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture on Agro-environment and Climate Change, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture (IEDA), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Gao
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture on Agro-environment and Climate Change, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture (IEDA), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Erda Lin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture on Agro-environment and Climate Change, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture (IEDA), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanhuai Han
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Genetic Resources, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan, China
| |
Collapse
|