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Yang W, Zhu J, van Leeuwen C, Dai Z, Gambetta GA. GrapevineXL reliably predicts multi-annual dynamics of vine water status, berry growth, and sugar accumulation in vineyards. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad071. [PMID: 37293532 PMCID: PMC10244804 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Climate and water availability greatly affect each season's grape yield and quality. Using models to accurately predict environment impacts on fruit productivity and quality is a huge challenge. We calibrated and validated the functional-structural model, GrapevineXL, with a data set including grapevine seasonal midday stem water potential (Ψxylem), berry dry weight (DW), fresh weight (FW), and sugar concentration per volume ([Sugar]) for a wine grape cultivar (Vitis vinifera cv. Cabernet Franc) in field conditions over 13 years in Bordeaux, France. Our results showed that the model could make a fair prediction of seasonal Ψxylem and good-to-excellent predictions of berry DW, FW, [Sugar] and leaf gas exchange responses to predawn and midday leaf water potentials under diverse environmental conditions with 14 key parameters. By running virtual experiments to mimic climate change, an advanced veraison (i.e. the onset of ripening) of 14 and 28 days led to significant decreases of berry FW by 2.70% and 3.22%, clear increases of berry [Sugar] by 2.90% and 4.29%, and shortened ripening duration in 8 out of 13 simulated years, respectively. Moreover, the impact of the advanced veraison varied with seasonal patterns of climate and soil water availability. Overall, the results showed that the GrapevineXL model can predict plant water use and berry growth in field conditions and could serve as a valuable tool for designing sustainable vineyard management strategies to cope with climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- EGFV, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
- The Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization in Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Junqi Zhu
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Blenheim 7201, New Zealand
| | - Cornelis van Leeuwen
- EGFV, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
| | | | - Gregory A Gambetta
- EGFV, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
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Sanders RD, Boss PK, Capone DL, Kidman CM, Maffei SM, Jeffery DW. Insights into the Uptake, Distribution, and Metabolism of 3-Isobutyl-2-hydroxypyrazine in Grapevine Using a Stable Isotope Tracer. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:6717-6726. [PMID: 37079554 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Methoxypyrazines (MPs) are potent aroma compounds that have been predominately studied in grape berries but can also be detected in other vine tissues. The synthesis of MPs in berries from hydroxypyrazines by VvOMT3 is well established, but the origin of MPs in vine tissues that have negligible VvOMT3 gene expression is unknown. This research gap was addressed through the application of stable isotope tracer 3-isobutyl-2-hydroxy-[2H2]-pyrazine (d2-IBHP) to the roots of Pinot Meunier L1 microvines and high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) quantification of HPs from grapevine tissues following a novel solid-phase extraction method. Four weeks post-application, d2-IBHP and its O-methylated product 3-isobutyl-2-methoxy-[2H2]-pyrazine (d2-IBMP) were present in excised cane, berry, leaf, root, and rachis material. Translocation of d2-IBHP and d2-IBMP was investigated, but results were inconclusive. Nonetheless, knowledge that d2-IBHP, and potentially d2-IBMP, are translocated from roots to other vine organs, including the berries, could provide opportunities for controlling MP accumulation in grapevine tissues pertinent to winemaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross D Sanders
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, and Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Waite Campus, Locked Bag No. 2, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Paul K Boss
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Waite Campus, Locked Bag No. 2, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Dimitra L Capone
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, and Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Catherine M Kidman
- Wynns Coonawarra Estate, Memorial Drive, Coonawarra, South Australia 5263, Australia
| | - Sue M Maffei
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Waite Campus, Locked Bag No. 2, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - David W Jeffery
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, and Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
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Yang B, Fu P, Lu J, Ma F, Sun X, Fang Y. Regulated deficit irrigation: an effective way to solve the shortage of agricultural water for horticulture. STRESS BIOLOGY 2022; 2:28. [PMID: 37676363 PMCID: PMC10441918 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-022-00050-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
The deficient agricultural water caused by water shortage is a crucial limiting factor of horticultural production. Among many agricultural water-saving technologies, regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) has been proven to be one of the effective technologies to improve water use efficiency and reduce water waste on the premise of maintaining the quality of agricultural products. RDI was first reported more than 40 years ago, although it has been applied in some areas, little is known about understanding of the implementation method, scope of application and detailed mechanism of RDI, resulting in the failure to achieve the effect that RDI should have. This review refers to the research on RDI in different crops published in recent years, summarizes the definition, equipment condition, function, theory illumination, plant response and application in different crops of RDI, and looks forward to its prospect. We expect that this review will provide valuable guidance for researchers and producers concerned, and support the promotion of RDI in more horticultural crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Yang
- College of Enology, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Viti-Viniculture, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Ningxia Eastern Foot of Helan Mountain Wine Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Peining Fu
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jiang Lu
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Xiangyu Sun
- College of Enology, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Viti-Viniculture, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Ningxia Eastern Foot of Helan Mountain Wine Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Yulin Fang
- College of Enology, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Viti-Viniculture, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Ningxia Eastern Foot of Helan Mountain Wine Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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Ma Y, Hu L, Wu Y, Tang Z, Xiao X, Lyu J, Xie J, Yu J. Green Light Partial Replacement of Red and Blue Light Improved Drought Tolerance by Regulating Water Use Efficiency in Cucumber Seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:878932. [PMID: 35712603 PMCID: PMC9194611 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.878932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Light is one of the most important environmental signals in plant growth, development, and stress response. Green light has been proved to enhance plant defense against biotic and/or abiotic stress. To illustrate the effects of green light partially replaced red light and blue light on the plant under drought condition, cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Xinchun No. 4) seedlings were treated with short-term drought stress and were concomitantly exposed to four treatments, which were set up by adjusting the relative amount of green light as 0 (RB), 25 (RBG25), 50 (RBG50), and 75 (RBG75) μmol m-2 s-1, respectively, with a total photosynthetic photon flux density of 250 μmol m-2 s-1 and a fixed red-to-blue ratio of 4:1. The results showed that compared with RB, RBG50 significantly increased shoot fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW), root DW, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, and leaf dry mass per unit area (LMA) by 10.61, 7.69, 66.13, 6.22, 10.02, 4.10, and 12.41%, respectively. Also, the addition of green light significantly increased the root volume and root tip number. Moreover, green light partial replacement of red light and blue light increased total water content, especially free water content, improved leaf water status, and alleviated water loss in plants caused by drought stress. Also, the addition of green light increased net photosynthetic rate (Pn), reduced both stomata conductance (gs) and transpiration rate (E), enhanced the intrinsic water-use efficiency (WUE) and instantaneous water-use efficiency (iWUE) of leaves, and increased the content of chlorophylls a and b. Green light substituting a proportion of blue and red light regulated stomatal aperture by significantly increasing abscisic acid (ABA) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content. In addition, the increase of GABA was resulted from the upregulation of Glutamate Decarboxylase 2 (CsGAD2). However, the relative electrolytic leakage and contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide anion ( O 2 - ), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) vigorously decreased as the intensity of green light was added to the spectrum under drought. Conclusively, green light partially replaced red light and blue light and improved drought tolerance of cucumber seedlings by upregulating the expression of CsGAD2 gene and promoting the synthesis of GABA. The increase in GABA content further downregulated the expression of aluminum-activated malate transporter 9 (CsALMT9) gene, induced stomata to close, improved water utilization, and alleviated damage caused by drought. This study highlights a role of green light in plant physiological processes. Moreover, analyzing the function of green light on improving drought tolerance of plants could open alternative avenues for improving plant stress resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Ma
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Basic Experiment Teaching Center, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Linli Hu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yue Wu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhongqi Tang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Xiao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian Lyu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianming Xie
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jihua Yu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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Bartlett MK, Sinclair G, Fontanesi G, Knipfer T, Walker MA, McElrone AJ. Root pressure-volume curve traits capture rootstock drought tolerance. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2022; 129:389-402. [PMID: 34668965 PMCID: PMC8944712 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcab132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Living root tissues significantly constrain plant water uptake under drought, but we lack functional traits to feasibly screen diverse plants for variation in the drought responses of these tissues. Water stress causes roots to lose volume and turgor, which are crucial to root structure, hydraulics and growth. Thus, we hypothesized that root pressure-volume (p-v) curve traits, which quantify the effects of water potential on bulk root turgor and volume, would capture differences in rootstock drought tolerance. METHODS We used a greenhouse experiment to evaluate relationships between root p-v curve traits and gas exchange, whole-plant hydraulic conductance and biomass under drought for eight grapevine rootstocks that varied widely in drought performance in field trials (101-14, 110R, 420A, 5C, 140-Ru, 1103P, Ramsey and Riparia Gloire), grafted to the same scion variety (Vitis vinifera 'Chardonnay'). KEY RESULTS The traits varied significantly across rootstocks, and droughted vines significantly reduced root turgor loss point (πtlp), osmotic potential at full hydration (πo) and capacitance (C), indicating that roots became less susceptible to turgor loss and volumetric shrinkage. Rootstocks that retained a greater root volume (i.e. a lower C) also maintained more gas exchange under drought. The rootstocks that previous field trials have classified as drought tolerant exhibited significantly lower πtlp, πo and C values in well-watered conditions, but significantly higher πo and πtlp values under water stress, than the varieties classified as drought sensitive. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that acclimation in root p-v curve traits improves gas exchange in persistently dry conditions, potentially through impacts on root hydraulics or root to shoot chemical signalling. However, retaining turgor and volume in previously unstressed roots, as these roots deplete wet soil to moderately negative water potentials, could be more important to drought performance in the deep, highly heterogenous rooting zones which grapevines develop under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - G Sinclair
- Department of Viticulture & Enology, University of
California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - G Fontanesi
- Department of Viticulture & Enology, University of
California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - T Knipfer
- Department of Viticulture & Enology, University of
California, Davis, CA, USA
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British
Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M A Walker
- Department of Viticulture & Enology, University of
California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - A J McElrone
- Department of Viticulture & Enology, University of
California, Davis, CA, USA
- USDA-ARS, Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit,
Davis, CA, USA
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Muhammad Aslam M, Waseem M, Jakada BH, Okal EJ, Lei Z, Saqib HSA, Yuan W, Xu W, Zhang Q. Mechanisms of Abscisic Acid-Mediated Drought Stress Responses in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031084. [PMID: 35163008 PMCID: PMC8835272 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought is one of the major constraints to rain-fed agricultural production, especially under climate change conditions. Plants evolved an array of adaptive strategies that perceive stress stimuli and respond to these stress signals through specific mechanisms. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a premier signal for plants to respond to drought and plays a critical role in plant growth and development. ABA triggers a variety of physiological processes such as stomatal closure, root system modulation, organizing soil microbial communities, activation of transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene expression, and metabolic alterations. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of ABA-mediated drought responses in plants is critical for ensuring crop yield and global food security. In this review, we highlighted how plants adjust ABA perception, transcriptional levels of ABA- and drought-related genes, and regulation of metabolic pathways to alter drought stress responses at both cellular and the whole plant level. Understanding the synergetic role of drought and ABA will strengthen our knowledge to develop stress-resilient crops through integrated advanced biotechnology approaches. This review will elaborate on ABA-mediated drought responses at genetic, biochemical, and molecular levels in plants, which is critical for advancement in stress biology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtab Muhammad Aslam
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop and College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (M.M.A.); (Z.L.); (W.X.)
- College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Muhammad Waseem
- Department of Botany, University of Narowal, Narowal 51600, Pakistan;
- College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Bello Hassan Jakada
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China;
| | - Eyalira Jacob Okal
- Center for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China;
| | - Zuliang Lei
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop and College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (M.M.A.); (Z.L.); (W.X.)
| | - Hafiz Sohaib Ahmad Saqib
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China;
| | - Wei Yuan
- College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (W.Y.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Weifeng Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop and College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (M.M.A.); (Z.L.); (W.X.)
- College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop and College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (M.M.A.); (Z.L.); (W.X.)
- Correspondence: (W.Y.); (Q.Z.)
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Iqbal R, Habib-ur-Rahman M, Raza MAS, Waqas M, Ikram RM, Ahmed MZ, Toleikiene M, Ayaz M, Mustafa F, Ahmad S, Aslam MU, Waqas MM, Khan MT, Aslam MM, Haider I. Assessing the potential of partial root zone drying and mulching for improving the productivity of cotton under arid climate. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:66223-66241. [PMID: 34328621 PMCID: PMC8636447 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15259-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Water scarcity constrains global cotton production. However, partial root-zone drying (PRD) and mulching can be used as good techniques to save water and enhance crop production, especially in arid regions. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of mulching for water conservation in an arid environment under PRD and to further assess the osmotic adjustment and enzymatic activities for sustainable cotton production. The study was carried out for 2 years in field conditions using mulches (NM = no mulch, BPM = black plastic mulch at 32 kg ha-1, WSM = wheat straw mulch at 3 tons ha-1, CSM = cotton sticks mulch at 10 tons ha-1) and two irrigation levels (FI = full irrigation and PRD (50% less water than FI). High seed cotton yield (SCY) achieved in FI+WSM (4457 and 4248 kg ha-1 in 2017 and 2018, respectively) and even in PRD+WSM followed by BPM>CSM>NM under FI and PRD for both years. The higher SCY and traits observed in FI+WSM and PRD+WSM compared with the others were attributed to the improved water use efficiency and gaseous exchange traits, increased hormone production (ABA), osmolyte accumulation, and enhanced antioxidants to scavenge the excess reactive oxygen. Furthermore, better cotton quality traits were also observed under WSM either with FI or PRD irrigation regimes. Mulches applications found effective to control the weeds in the order as BPM>WSM>CSM. In general, PRD can be used as an effective stratagem to save moisture along with WSM, which ultimately can improve cotton yield in the water-scarce regions under arid climatic regions. It may prove as a good adaptation strategy under current and future water shortage scenarios of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture & Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Habib-ur-Rahman
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES) Crop Science Group, University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Agronomy, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aown Sammar Raza
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture & Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Monika Toleikiene
- Lithuanian Center for Agriculture and Forestry (LAMMC), Kėdainių, Lithuania
| | - Muhammad Ayaz
- Lithuanian Center for Agriculture and Forestry (LAMMC), Kėdainių, Lithuania
| | - Farhan Mustafa
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disasters, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044 China
| | - Salman Ahmad
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture & Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Aslam
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture & Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mohsin Waqas
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Imran Haider
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture & Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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8
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Afifi M, Obenland D, El-kereamy A. The Complexity of Modulating Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Pathway by Deficit Irrigation in Table Grapes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:713277. [PMID: 34484275 PMCID: PMC8416356 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.713277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Deficit irrigation (DI) is an irrigation scheduling technique that is used in grapes to improve red color development; however, results are not always satisfactory in table grapes. The red color in grapes is mainly due to the plant pigment anthocyanin. In the present study, the anthocyanin biosynthesis in Scarlet Royal grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) grown in the San Joaquin and Coachella Valleys, and subjected to two different DI strategies was investigated. The objective of this study was to identify potential regulatory factors that may lead to potential treatments to improve red color in table grapes, especially under warm climate conditions. In both locations, DI induced the expression of several genes involved in three major pathways that control the red color in table grapes: anthocyanin biosynthesis, hormone biosynthesis, and antioxidant system. DI at veraison induced anthocyanin accumulation and enhanced red color in berries at harvest time. However, anthocyanin accumulation was lower at the Coachella Valley compared to the San Joaquin Valley. The lower level of anthocyanin was associated with lower expression of critical genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis, such as flavonoid-3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT), myb-related regulatory gene (R2R3-MYB) (MYBA1), basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) (MYCA1) and the tryptophan-aspartic acid repeat (WDR or WD40) proteins (WDR1). Further, gene expression analysis revealed the association of ABA biosynthesis gene 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED1), 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (ACO3), and the gibberellic acid (GA) catabolic gene GA2 oxidase (GA2ox1) in the induction of anthocyanin biosynthesis. An increase in the chalcone synthase gene (CHS2) was observed in response to DI treatments in both sites. However, CHS2 expression was higher in Coachella Valley after ending the DI treatment, suggesting the involvement of environmental stress in elevating its transcripts. This data was also supported by the lower level of antioxidant gene expression and enzyme activities in the Coachella Valley compared to the San Joaquin Valley. The present data suggested that the lack of grape red coloration could partially be due to the lower level of antioxidant activities resulting in accelerated anthocyanin degradation and impaired anthocyanin biosynthesis. It seems that under challenging warmer conditions, several factors are required to optimize anthocyanin accumulation via DI, including an active antioxidant system, proper light perception, and hormonal balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Afifi
- California Table Grape Commission, Fresno, CA, United States
| | - David Obenland
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, Parlier, CA, United States
| | - Ashraf El-kereamy
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
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9
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Sayer EJ, Crawford JA, Edgerley J, Askew AP, Hahn CZ, Whitlock R, Dodd IC. Adaptation to chronic drought modifies soil microbial community responses to phytohormones. Commun Biol 2021; 4:516. [PMID: 33941844 PMCID: PMC8093232 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02037-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought imposes stress on plants and associated soil microbes, inducing coordinated adaptive responses, which can involve plant-soil signalling via phytohormones. However, we know little about how microbial communities respond to phytohormones, or how these responses are shaped by chronic (long-term) drought. Here, we added three phytohormones (abscisic acid, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, and jasmonic acid) to soils from long-term (25-year), field-based climate treatments to test the hypothesis that chronic drought alters soil microbial community responses to plant stress signalling. Phytohormone addition increased soil respiration, but this effect was stronger in irrigated than in droughted soils and increased soil respiration at low phytohormone concentrations could not be explained by their use as substrate. Thus, we show that drought adaptation within soil microbial communities modifies their responses to phytohormone inputs. Furthermore, distinct phytohormone-induced shifts in microbial functional groups in droughted vs. irrigated soils might suggest that drought-adapted soil microorganisms perceive phytohormones as stress-signals, allowing them to anticipate impending drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma J Sayer
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
| | - John A Crawford
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - James Edgerley
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Andrew P Askew
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behaviour, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Christoph Z Hahn
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behaviour, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Raj Whitlock
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behaviour, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ian C Dodd
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
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10
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Xu B, Long Y, Feng X, Zhu X, Sai N, Chirkova L, Betts A, Herrmann J, Edwards EJ, Okamoto M, Hedrich R, Gilliham M. GABA signalling modulates stomatal opening to enhance plant water use efficiency and drought resilience. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1952. [PMID: 33782393 PMCID: PMC8007581 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21694-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The non-protein amino acid γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been proposed to be an ancient messenger for cellular communication conserved across biological kingdoms. GABA has well-defined signalling roles in animals; however, whilst GABA accumulates in plants under stress it has not been determined if, how, where and when GABA acts as an endogenous plant signalling molecule. Here, we establish endogenous GABA as a bona fide plant signal, acting via a mechanism not found in animals. Using Arabidopsis thaliana, we show guard cell GABA production is necessary and sufficient to reduce stomatal opening and transpirational water loss, which improves water use efficiency and drought tolerance, via negative regulation of a stomatal guard cell tonoplast-localised anion transporter. We find GABA modulation of stomata occurs in multiple plants, including dicot and monocot crops. This study highlights a role for GABA metabolism in fine tuning physiology and opens alternative avenues for improving plant stress resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xu
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Yu Long
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Xueying Feng
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Xujun Zhu
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Na Sai
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Larissa Chirkova
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- ARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Wheat in a Hot and Dry Climate, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Annette Betts
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Johannes Herrmann
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Mamoru Okamoto
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- ARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Wheat in a Hot and Dry Climate, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthew Gilliham
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia.
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia.
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11
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Bartlett MK, Sinclair G. Temperature and evaporative demand drive variation in stomatal and hydraulic traits across grape cultivars. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:1995-2009. [PMID: 33300576 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Selection for crop cultivars has largely focused on reproductive traits, while the impacts of global change on crop productivity are expected to depend strongly on the vegetative physiology traits that drive plant resource use and stress tolerance. We evaluated relationships between physiology traits and growing season climate across wine grape cultivars to characterize trait variation across European growing regions. We compiled values from the literature for seven water use and drought tolerance traits and growing season climate. Cultivars with a lower maximum stomatal conductance were associated with regions with a higher mean temperature and mean and maximum vapor pressure deficit (r2=0.39-0.65, P<0.05, n=14-29). Cultivars with greater stem embolism resistance and more anisohydric stomatal behavior (i.e. a more negative water potential threshold for 50% stomatal closure) were associated with cooler regions (r2=0.48-0.72, P<0.03, n=10-29). Overall, cultivars grown in warmer, drier regions exhibited traits that would reduce transpiration and conserve soil water longer into the growing season, but potentially increase stomatal and temperature limitations on photosynthesis under future, hotter conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan K Bartlett
- Department of Viticulture & Enology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Gabriela Sinclair
- Department of Viticulture & Enology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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12
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Friis G, Vizueta J, Smith EG, Nelson DR, Khraiwesh B, Qudeimat E, Salehi-Ashtiani K, Ortega A, Marshell A, Duarte CM, Burt JA. A high-quality genome assembly and annotation of the gray mangrove, Avicennia marina. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2021; 11:jkaa025. [PMID: 33561229 PMCID: PMC8022769 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkaa025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The gray mangrove [Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh.] is the most widely distributed mangrove species, ranging throughout the Indo-West Pacific. It presents remarkable levels of geographic variation both in phenotypic traits and habitat, often occupying extreme environments at the edges of its distribution. However, subspecific evolutionary relationships and adaptive mechanisms remain understudied, especially across populations of the West Indian Ocean. High-quality genomic resources accounting for such variability are also sparse. Here we report the first chromosome-level assembly of the genome of A. marina. We used a previously release draft assembly and proximity ligation libraries Chicago and Dovetail HiC for scaffolding, producing a 456,526,188-bp long genome. The largest 32 scaffolds (22.4-10.5 Mb) accounted for 98% of the genome assembly, with the remaining 2% distributed among much shorter 3,759 scaffolds (62.4-1 kb). We annotated 45,032 protein-coding genes using tissue-specific RNA-seq data in combination with de novo gene prediction, from which 34,442 were associated to GO terms. Genome assembly and annotated set of genes yield a 96.7% and 95.1% completeness score, respectively, when compared with the eudicots BUSCO dataset. Furthermore, an FST survey based on resequencing data successfully identified a set of candidate genes potentially involved in local adaptation and revealed patterns of adaptive variability correlating with a temperature gradient in Arabian mangrove populations. Our A. marina genomic assembly provides a highly valuable resource for genome evolution analysis, as well as for identifying functional genes involved in adaptive processes and speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Friis
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University - Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Joel Vizueta
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística and Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08007, Spain
| | - Edward G Smith
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University - Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - David R Nelson
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University - Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Basel Khraiwesh
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University - Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enas Qudeimat
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University - Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kourosh Salehi-Ashtiani
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University - Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alejandra Ortega
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC) and Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alyssa Marshell
- Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Carlos M Duarte
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC) and Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - John A Burt
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University - Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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13
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Marusig D, Tombesi S. Abscisic Acid Mediates Drought and Salt Stress Responses in Vitis vinifera-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8648. [PMID: 33212767 PMCID: PMC7698233 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The foreseen increase in evaporative demand and reduction in rainfall occurrence are expected to stress the abiotic constrains of drought and salt concentration in soil. The intensification of abiotic stresses coupled with the progressive depletion in water pools is a major concern especially in viticulture, as most vineyards rely on water provided by rainfall. Because its economical relevance and its use as a model species for the study of abiotic stress effect on perennial plants, a significant amount of literature has focused on Vitis vinifera, assessing the physiological mechanisms occurring under stress. Despite the complexity of the stress-resistance strategy of grapevine, the ensemble of phenomena involved seems to be regulated by the key hormone abscisic acid (ABA). This review aims at summarizing our knowledge on the role of ABA in mediating mechanisms whereby grapevine copes with abiotic stresses and to highlight aspects that deserve more attention in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergio Tombesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Vegetali Sostenibili, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy;
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14
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Acanda Y, Martínez Ó, Prado MJ, González MV, Rey M. Changes in abscisic acid metabolism in relation to the maturation of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L., cv. Mencía) somatic embryos. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:487. [PMID: 33097003 PMCID: PMC7585196 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02701-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Somatic embryogenesis in grapevines is a complex process that depends on many physiological and genetic factors. One of its main limitations is the process of precocious germination of the somatic embryos in differentiation medium. This process lowers plant conversion rates from the somatic embryos, and it is probably caused by a low endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) content. RESULTS Precocious germination of the somatic embryos was successfully avoided by culturing grapevine cv. Mencía embryogenic aggregates over a semipermeable membrane extended on top of the differentiation medium. The weekly analysis of the endogenous ABA and ABA-glucosyl ester (ABA-GE) contents in the aggregates showed their rapid accumulation. The expression profiles of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (VvNCED1), 8'-hydroxylase (VvHyd2), UDP-glucosyltransferase (VvUGT) and β-glucosidase (VvBG2) genes in grapevine revealed that the occurrence of a first accumulation peak of endogenous ABA in the second week of culture over the semipermeable membrane was mainly dependent on the expression of the VvNCED1 gene. A second increase in the endogenous ABA content was observed in the fourth week of culture. At this point in the culture, our results suggest that of those genes involved in ABA accumulation, one (VvNCED1) was repressed, while another (VvBG2) was activated. Similarly, of those genes related to a reduction in ABA levels, one (VvUGT) was repressed while another (VvHyd2) was activated. The relative expression level of the VvNCED1 gene in embryogenic aggregates cultured under the same conditions and treated with exogenous ABA revealed the significant downregulation of this gene. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated the involvement of ABA metabolism in the control of the maturation of grapevine somatic embryos cultured over a semipermeable membrane and two important control points for their endogenous ABA levels. Thus, subtle differences in the expression of the antagonistic genes that control ABA synthesis and degradation could be responsible for the final level of ABA during the maturation of grapevine somatic embryos in vitro. In addition, the treatment of somatic embryos with exogenous ABA suggested the feedback-based control of the expression of the VvNCED1 gene by ABA during the maturation of grapevine somatic embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosvanis Acanda
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ciencia del Suelo, Universidad de Vigo, Campus Universitario, 36310, Vigo, Spain
- Present Address; Department of Plant Pathology, Citrus Research and Education Center, UF-IFAS, 700 Experiment Station Rd, Lake Alfred, FL, 33850, USA
| | - Óscar Martínez
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ciencia del Suelo, Universidad de Vigo, Campus Universitario, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - María Jesús Prado
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ciencia del Suelo, Universidad de Vigo, Campus Universitario, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - María Victoria González
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur, 15872, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Manuel Rey
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ciencia del Suelo, Universidad de Vigo, Campus Universitario, 36310, Vigo, Spain.
- CITACA, Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster, Campus da Auga, Universidad de Vigo, 32004, Ourense, Spain.
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15
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Bianchi D, Caramanico L, Grossi D, Brancadoro L, Lorenzis GD. How Do Novel M-Rootstock ( Vitis Spp.) Genotypes Cope with Drought? PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9101385. [PMID: 33080884 PMCID: PMC7603061 DOI: 10.3390/plants9101385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Most of the vineyards around the world are in areas characterized by seasonal drought, where water deficits and high temperatures represent severe constraints on the regular grapevine growth cycle. Although grapevines are well adapted to arid and semi-arid environments, water stress can cause physiological changes, from mild to irreversible. Screening of available Vitis spp. genetic diversity for new rootstock breeding programs has been proposed as a way for which new viticulture challenges may be faced. In 2014, novel genotypes (M-rootstocks) were released from the University of Milan. In this work, the behavior of M1, M3 and M4 in response to decreasing water availabilities (80%, 50% and 20% soil water content, SWC) was investigated at the physiological and gene expression levels, evaluating gas exchange, stem water potential and transcript abundances of key genes related to ABA (abscisic acid) biosynthesis (VvZEP, VvNCED1 and VvNCED2) and signaling (VvPP2C4, VvSnRK2.6 and VvABF2), and comparing them to those of cuttings of nine commercial rootstocks widely used in viticulture. M-rootstocks showed a change at physiological levels in severe water-stressed conditions (20% soil water content, SWC), reducing the stomatal conductance and stem water potential, but maintaining high photosynthetic activity. Water use efficiency was high in water-limiting conditions. The transcriptional changes were observed at 50% SWC, with an increment of transcripts of VvNCED1 and VvNCED2 genes. M-rootstocks showed similar behavior to 1103P and 110R rootstocks, two highly tolerant commercial genotypes. These rootstocks adopted a tolerant strategy to face water-stressed conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lucio Brancadoro
- Correspondence: (L.B.); (G.D.L.); Tel.: +39-02-503-16559 (L.B.); +39-02-503-16565 (G.D.L.)
| | - Gabriella De Lorenzis
- Correspondence: (L.B.); (G.D.L.); Tel.: +39-02-503-16559 (L.B.); +39-02-503-16565 (G.D.L.)
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16
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Dayer S, Scharwies JD, Ramesh SA, Sullivan W, Doerflinger FC, Pagay V, Tyerman SD. Comparing Hydraulics Between Two Grapevine Cultivars Reveals Differences in Stomatal Regulation Under Water Stress and Exogenous ABA Applications. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:705. [PMID: 32636852 PMCID: PMC7316991 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Hydraulics of plants that have different strategies of stomatal regulation under water stress are relatively poorly understood. We explore how root and shoot hydraulics, stomatal conductance (g s), leaf and root aquaporin (AQP) expression, and abscisic acid (ABA) concentration in leaf xylem sap ([ABA]xylemsap) may be coordinated under mild water stress and exogenous ABA applications in two Vitis vinifera L. cultivars traditionally classified as near-isohydric (Grenache) and near-anisohydric (Syrah). Under water stress, Grenache exhibited stronger adjustments of plant and root hydraulic conductances and greater stomatal sensitivity to [ABA]xylemsap than Syrah resulting in greater conservation of soil moisture but not necessarily more isohydric behavior. Correlations between leaf (Ψleaf) and predawn (ΨPD) water potentials between cultivars suggested a "hydrodynamic" behavior rather than a particular iso-anisohydric classification. A significant decrease of Ψleaf in well-watered ABA-fed vines supported a role of ABA in the soil-leaf hydraulic pathway to regulate g s. Correlations between leaf and root AQPs expression levels under water deficit could explain the response of leaf (K leaf) and root (Lp r) hydraulic conductances in both cultivars. Additional studies under a wider range of soil water deficits are required to explore the possible differential regulation of g s and plant hydraulics in different cultivars and experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvina Dayer
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Johannes D. Scharwies
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Sunita A. Ramesh
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Wendy Sullivan
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | | | - Vinay Pagay
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Stephen D. Tyerman
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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17
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Yang B, Yao H, Zhang J, Li Y, Ju Y, Zhao X, Sun X, Fang Y. Effect of regulated deficit irrigation on the content of soluble sugars, organic acids and endogenous hormones in Cabernet Sauvignon in the Ningxia region of China. Food Chem 2020; 312:126020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.126020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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18
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Yang B, He S, Liu Y, Liu B, Ju Y, Kang D, Sun X, Fang Y. Transcriptomics integrated with metabolomics reveals the effect of regulated deficit irrigation on anthocyanin biosynthesis in Cabernet Sauvignon grape berries. Food Chem 2020; 314:126170. [PMID: 31978717 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) is a new type of water-saving irrigation technology developed in recent years which was well suited to arid and semi-arid grape plant areas. The anthocyanin synthesis of grapes under RDI was revealed through omics in this study. RDI slightly decreased the hundred-grain weight and increased the soluble solid content, juice pH, reducing sugar content, and total anthocyanin content. Meanwhile, the total acid content decreased before ripening. Transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses revealed that large numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and significantly changed metabolites (SCMs) were filtered in the RDI groups. RDI1 with 30% ETc upregulated 7 related gene expression levels in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway and also increased some metabolites contents. Eventually, the contents of most monomeric anthocyanins in the RDI groups were increased, and the proportion of Mv increased in the ripe grapes of the RDI groups. In all, RDI is a useful water-saving irrigation method which could also increase anthocyanin content in grapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Yang
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shuang He
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Buchun Liu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanlun Ju
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Dengzhao Kang
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Xinjiang Panyu Winery Co. LTD, Bohu 841400, China
| | - Xiangyu Sun
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Yulin Fang
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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19
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Zou L, Liu W, Zhang Z, Edwards EJ, Gathunga EK, Fan P, Duan W, Li S, Liang Z. Gene body demethylation increases expression and is associated with self-pruning during grape genome duplication. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:84. [PMID: 32528696 PMCID: PMC7261773 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-0303-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A colchicine-induced autotetraploid grapevine exhibiting potentially valuable agronomic traits for grape production and breeding, including self-pruning, was identified. This study investigated DNA methylation variation and its role in gene expression during self-pruning in the autotetraploid grapevine. We used RNA-Seq to estimate differentially expressed genes between diploid and autotetraploid grapevine shoot tips. The genes showing increases in the autotetraploid were mainly related to stress response pathways, whereas those showing decreases in the autotetraploid were related to biological metabolism and biosynthesis. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing was performed to produce single-base methylomes for the diploid and autotetraploid grapevines. Comparison between the methylomes revealed that they were conserved in CG and CHG contexts. In the autotetraploid grapevine, hypodifferentially methylated regions (DMRs) and hyper-DMRs in the gene body increased or decreased gene expression, respectively. Our results indicated that a hypo-DMR in the ACO1 gene body increased its expression and might promote self-pruning. This study reports that hypo-DMRs in the gene body increase gene expression in plants and reveals the mechanism underlying the changes in the modifications affecting gene expression during genome duplication. Overall, our results provide valuable information for understanding the relationships between DNA methylation, gene expression, and autotetraploid breeding in grape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luming Zou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093 PR China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 PR China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093 PR China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 PR China
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093 PR China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 PR China
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Shanxi, 041004 PR China
| | | | - Elias Kirabi Gathunga
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093 PR China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 PR China
| | - Peige Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093 PR China
| | - Wei Duan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093 PR China
| | - Shaohua Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093 PR China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 PR China
| | - Zhenchang Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093 PR China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074 PR China
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20
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Pagliarani C, Boccacci P, Chitarra W, Cosentino E, Sandri M, Perrone I, Mori A, Cuozzo D, Nerva L, Rossato M, Zuccolotto P, Pezzotti M, Delledonne M, Mannini F, Gribaudo I, Gambino G. Distinct Metabolic Signals Underlie Clone by Environment Interplay in "Nebbiolo" Grapes Over Ripening. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1575. [PMID: 31867031 PMCID: PMC6904956 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Several research studies were focused to understand how grapevine cultivars respond to environment; nevertheless, the biological mechanisms tuning this phenomenon need to be further deepened. Particularly, the molecular processes underlying the interplay between clones of the same cultivar and environment were poorly investigated. To address this issue, we analyzed the transcriptome of berries from three "Nebbiolo" clones grown in different vineyards, during two ripening seasons. RNA-sequencing data were implemented with analyses of candidate genes, secondary metabolites, and agronomical parameters. This multidisciplinary approach helped to dissect the complexity of clone × environment interactions, by identifying the molecular responses controlled by genotype, vineyard, phenological phase, or a combination of these factors. Transcripts associated to sugar signalling, anthocyanin biosynthesis, and transport were differently modulated among clones, according to changes in berry agronomical features. Conversely, genes involved in defense response, such as stilbene synthase genes, were significantly affected by vineyard, consistently with stilbenoid accumulation. Thus, besides at the cultivar level, clone-specific molecular responses also contribute to shape the agronomic features of grapes in different environments. This reveals a further level of complexity in the regulation of genotype × environment interactions that has to be considered for orienting viticultural practices aimed at enhancing the quality of grape productions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Pagliarani
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Boccacci
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Torino, Italy
| | - Walter Chitarra
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Torino, Italy
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Centre of Viticultural and Enology Research (CREA-VE), Conegliano, Italy
| | | | - Marco Sandri
- DMS StatLab, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Irene Perrone
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Torino, Italy
| | - Alessia Mori
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Danila Cuozzo
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Torino, Italy
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Luca Nerva
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Torino, Italy
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Centre of Viticultural and Enology Research (CREA-VE), Conegliano, Italy
| | - Marzia Rossato
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paola Zuccolotto
- Big&Open Data Innovation Laboratory, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mario Pezzotti
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Franco Mannini
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Torino, Italy
| | - Ivana Gribaudo
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Torino, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gambino
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Torino, Italy
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21
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Lin J, Dang F, Chen Y, Guan D, He S. CaWRKY27 negatively regulates salt and osmotic stress responses in pepper. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 145:43-51. [PMID: 31665666 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors are key regulatory components of plant responses to both biotic and abiotic stresses. In pepper (Capsicum annuum), CaWRKY27 positively regulates resistance to the pathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum and negatively regulates thermotolerance. Here, we report that CaWRKY27 functions in the response to salinity and osmotic stress. CaWRKY27 transcription was induced by salinity, osmotic, and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments, as determined using qPCR and GUS assays. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants heterologously expressing CaWRKY27 had an increased sensitivity to salinity and osmotic stress, with a higher inhibition of both root elongation and whole plant growth, more severe chlorosis and wilting, lower germination rates, and an enhanced germination sensitivity to ABA than the corresponding wild-type plants. Furthermore, most marker genes associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification and polyamine and ABA biosynthesis, as well as stress-responsive genes NtDREB3, were downregulated in plants transgenically expressing CaWRKY27 upon exposure to salinity or osmotic stress. Consistently, silencing of CaWRKY27 using virus-induced gene silencing conferred tolerance to salinity and osmotic stress in pepper plants. These findings suggest that CaWRKY27 acts as a molecular link in the antagonistic crosstalk regulating the expression of defense-related genes in the responses to both abiotic and biotic stresses by acting either as a transcriptional activator or repressor in pepper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Lin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Fengfeng Dang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Yongping Chen
- College of Horticulture Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Deyi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Shuilin He
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
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22
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Gori A, Tattini M, Centritto M, Ferrini F, Marino G, Mori J, Guidi L, Brunetti C. Seasonal and daily variations in primary and secondary metabolism of three maquis shrubs unveil different adaptive responses to Mediterranean climate. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 7:coz070. [PMID: 32467757 PMCID: PMC7245392 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coz070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Maquis species play a central role in the maintenance of coastal ecosystems thanks to anatomical, physiological and biochemical features evolved to cope with severe stress conditions. Because the seasonal and daily dynamics of physiological and biochemical traits of maquis species are not fully addressed, we performed a field study on three coexisting Mediterranean shrubs (Pistacia lentiscus L. and Phillyrea latifolia L., evergreen schlerophylls, and Cistus incanus L., semi-deciduous) aiming at detecting the main adaptive differences, on a seasonal and daily basis, in primary and secondary metabolism along with the principal climatic determinants. These species differed in their physiological and biochemical responses especially on a seasonal level. In P. latifolia, a great investment in antioxidant phenylpropanoids contributed to maintain high photosynthetic rates throughout the whole growing season. In C. incanus, high carotenoid content associated with chlorophyll (Chl) regulation alleviated oxidative damage during the hot and dry summers and help recover photosynthesis in autumn. In P. lentiscus, high abscisic acid levels allowed a strict control of stomata, while fine Chla/Chlb regulation concurred to avoid photoinhibition in summer. Temperature resulted the most important climatic factor controlling the physiological and biochemical status of these coexisting shrubs and, thus, in determining plant performances in this Mediterranean coastal habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Gori
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, viale delle Idee 30, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Tattini
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy, via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Mauro Centritto
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy, via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Ferrini
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, viale delle Idee 30, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marino
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy, via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Jacopo Mori
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, viale delle Idee 30, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Lucia Guidi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cecilia Brunetti
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy, via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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23
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Gao-Takai M, Katayama-Ikegami A, Matsuda K, Shindo H, Uemae S, Oyaizu M. A low temperature promotes anthocyanin biosynthesis but does not accelerate endogenous abscisic acid accumulation in red-skinned grapes. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 283:165-176. [PMID: 31128686 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The effect of temperature on the concentrations of anthocyanins and endogenous plant hormones [abscisic acid (ABA), auxin, and cytokinin] were investigated using the detached berries of two related red-skinned cultivars cv. 'Aki Queen' and 'Ruby Roman' of the table grape Vitis labrusca L. × Vitis vinifera L. The total anthocyanin concentration of both cultivars was lower when exposed to high rather than low temperatures after véraison (the onset of ripening). However, the responses to temperature differed between the two cultivars, and anthocyanin accumulation could occur in 'Ruby Roman' at a higher temperature than in 'Aki Queen'. High temperatures increased the expression of VlMybA1-2 and VlMybA1-3, which encode myeloblastosis (MYB)-related transcription factors; however, the expression of the anthocyanin biosynthesis-related structural genes uridine diphosphate-d-glucose: flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase, flavonoid 3'5' hydroxylase, and flavonoid O-methyltransferase at different temperatures did not correspond with that of the expression of MybAs. The concentration of ABA and its derivatives increased under high temperatures, but that of auxin and cytokinin decreased. The observation that high temperatures induced the accumulation of ABA and expression of VlMybA1s but not the expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis-related structural genes implied the operation of a mechanism different from up-regulation of anthocyanin synthesis by VlMybA1s in the temperature response of grape berries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Gao-Takai
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, 1-308 Suematsu, Nonoichi, Ishikawa 921-8836, Japan.
| | - Ayako Katayama-Ikegami
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, 1-308 Suematsu, Nonoichi, Ishikawa 921-8836, Japan
| | - Kenichi Matsuda
- Ishikawa Agriculture and Forestry Research Center, Agricultural Experiment Station, Sand Hill Place Agriculture Research Center, Kahoku 929-1126, Japan
| | - Hibiki Shindo
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, 1-308 Suematsu, Nonoichi, Ishikawa 921-8836, Japan
| | - Shintaro Uemae
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, 1-308 Suematsu, Nonoichi, Ishikawa 921-8836, Japan
| | - Miku Oyaizu
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, 1-308 Suematsu, Nonoichi, Ishikawa 921-8836, Japan
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24
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Dandekar AM, Jacobson A, Ibáñez AM, Gouran H, Dolan DL, Agüero CB, Uratsu SL, Just R, Zaini PA. Trans-Graft Protection Against Pierce's Disease Mediated by Transgenic Grapevine Rootstocks. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:84. [PMID: 30787937 PMCID: PMC6372540 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A field study showed that transgenic grapevine rootstocks can provide trans-graft-mediated protection to a wild type scion against Pierce's disease (PD) development. We individually field-tested two distinct strategies. The first expressed a chimeric antimicrobial protein (CAP) that targeted the functionality of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) surface of Xylella fastidiosa (Xf), the causative agent of PD. The second expressed a plant polygalacturonase inhibitory protein (PGIP) that prevents PD by inhibiting breakdown of pectin present in primary cell walls. Both proteins are secreted to the apoplast and then into the xylem, where they migrate past the graft union, transiting into the xylem of the grafted scion. Transgenic Vitis vinifera cv. Thompson Seedless (TS) expressing ether CAP or PGIP were tested in the greenhouse and those lines that showed resistance to PD were grafted with wild type TS scions. Grafted grapevines were introduced into the field and tested over 7 years. Here we present data on the field evaluation of trans-graft protection using four CAP and four PGIP independent rootstock lines, compared to an untransformed rootstock. There was 30 to 95% reduction in vine mortality among CAP- and PGIP-expressing lines after three successive yearly infections with virulent Xf. Shoot tissues grafted to either CAP or PGIP transgenic rootstocks supported lower pathogen titers and showed fewer disease symptoms. Grafted plants on transgenic rootstocks also had more spring bud break following infection, more shoots, and more vigorous growth compared to those grafted to wild type rootstocks. No yield penalty was observed in the transgenic lines and some PGIP-expressing vines had enhanced yield potential. Trans-graft protection is an efficient way to protect grape scions against PD while preserving their valuable varietal genotypes and clonal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhaya M. Dandekar
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Aaron Jacobson
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Ana M. Ibáñez
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Hossein Gouran
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - David L. Dolan
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Cecilia B. Agüero
- Department of Enology and Viticulture, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Sandie L. Uratsu
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Robert Just
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Paulo A. Zaini
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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25
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Villalobos-González L, Muñoz-Araya M, Franck N, Pastenes C. Controversies in Midday Water Potential Regulation and Stomatal Behavior Might Result From the Environment, Genotype, and/or Rootstock: Evidence From Carménère and Syrah Grapevine Varieties. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1522. [PMID: 31850024 PMCID: PMC6900739 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Controversies exist regarding the iso/anisohydric continuum for classifying plant water-use strategies. Isohydricity has been argued to result from plant-environment interaction rather than it being an intrinsic property of the plant itself. Discrepancies remain regarding the degree of isohydricity (σ) of plants and their threshold for physiological responses and resistance to drought. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the isohydricity of the grapevine varieties Syrah and Carménère under a non-lethal water deficit progression from veraison from two different locations, the Cachapoal Valley (CV) and Maipo Valley (MV), in central Chile and with different rootstock only in Syrah. For this purpose, the midday stem water potential (Ψmds) regulation and stomatal responses to drought, leaf traits related to pressure-volume curves, stomatal sensitivity to ABA, cavitation threshold, and photosynthetic responses were assessed. A higher atmospheric water demand was observed in the CV compared to the MV, with lower Ψmds values in the former for both varieties. Also, the σ values in Carménère were 1.11 ± 0.14 MPa MPa-1 and 0.68 ± 0.18 MPa MPa-1 in the CV and MV, respectively, and in Syrah they were 1.10 ± 0.07 MPa MPa-1 in the CV and 0.60 ± 0.10 MPa MPa-1 in the MV. Even though similar variations in σ between locations in both varieties were evident, Carménère plants showed a conserved stomatal response to Ψmds in both study sites, while those of Syrah resulted in a higher stomatal sensitivity to Ψmds in the site of lower σ. Besides the differences in seasonal weather conditions, it is likely that the different rootstock and clonal variability of each season in Syrah were able to induce coordinated changes in σ, Ψgs12, and osmotic potential at full turgor (π0). On the other hand, irrespective of the σ, and given the similarity between the π0 and Ψgs12 in leaves before drought, it seems that π0 could be a convenient tool for assessing the Ψmds threshold values posing a risk to the plants in order to aid the irrigation decision making in grapevines under controlled water deficit. Finally, water deficits in vineyards might irreversibly compromise the photosynthetic capacity of leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Villalobos-González
- Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Silvoagropecuarias y Veterinarias, Campus Sur Universidad de Chile, La Pintana, Chile
- *Correspondence: Luis Villalobos-González, ; Claudio Pastenes,
| | | | | | - Claudio Pastenes
- Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Luis Villalobos-González, ; Claudio Pastenes,
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26
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Niu M, Xie J, Chen C, Cao H, Sun J, Kong Q, Shabala S, Shabala L, Huang Y, Bie Z. An early ABA-induced stomatal closure, Na+ sequestration in leaf vein and K+ retention in mesophyll confer salt tissue tolerance in Cucurbita species. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:4945-4960. [PMID: 29992291 PMCID: PMC6137988 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Tissue tolerance to salinity stress is a complex physiological trait composed of multiple 'sub-traits' such as Na+ compartmentalization, K+ retention, and osmotic tolerance. Previous studies have shown that some Cucurbita species employ tissue tolerance to combat salinity and we aimed to identify the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved. Five C. maxima (salt-tolerant) and five C. moschata (salt-sensitive) genotypes were comprehensively assessed for their salt tolerance mechanisms and the results showed that tissue-specific transport characteristics enabled the more tolerant lines to deal with the salt load. This mechanism was associated with the ability of the tolerant species to accumulate more Na+ in the leaf vein and to retain more K+ in the leaf mesophyll. In addition, C. maxima more efficiently retained K+ in the roots when exposed to transient NaCl stress and it was also able to store more Na+ in the xylem parenchyma and cortex in the leaf vein. Compared with C. moschata, C. maxima was also able to rapidly close stomata at early stages of salt stress, thus avoiding water loss; this difference was attributed to higher accumulation of ABA in the leaf. Transcriptome and qRT-PCR analyses revealed critical roles of high-affinity potassium (HKT1) and intracellular Na+/H+ (NHX4/6) transporters as components of the mechanism enabling Na+ exclusion from the leaf mesophyll and Na+ sequestration in the leaf vein. Also essential was a higher expression of NCED3s (encoding 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase, a key rate-limiting enzyme in ABA biosynthesis), which resulted in greater ABA accumulation in the mesophyll and earlier stomata closure in C. maxima.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengliang Niu
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Junjun Xie
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Haishun Cao
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Jingyu Sun
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Qiusheng Kong
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, P. R. China
- Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Lana Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Yuan Huang
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Zhilong Bie
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, P. R. China
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27
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Peccoux A, Loveys B, Zhu J, Gambetta GA, Delrot S, Vivin P, Schultz HR, Ollat N, Dai Z. Dissecting the rootstock control of scion transpiration using model-assisted analyses in grapevine. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 38:1026-1040. [PMID: 29228360 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpx153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
How rootstocks contribute to the control of scion transpiration under drought is poorly understood. We investigated the role of root characteristics, hydraulic conductance and chemical signals (abscisic acid, ABA) in the response of stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration (E) to drought in Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera) grafted onto drought-sensitive (Vitis riparia) and drought-tolerant (Vitis berlandieri × Vitis rupestris 110R) rootstocks. All combinations showed a concomitant reduction in gs and E, and an increase in xylem sap ABA concentration during the drought cycle. Cabernet Sauvignon grafted onto 110R exhibited higher gs and E under well-watered and moderate water deficit, but all combinations converged as water deficit increased. These results were integrated into three permutations of a whole-plant transpiration model that couples both chemical (i.e., ABA) and hydraulic signals in the modelling of stomatal control. Model comparisons revealed that both hydraulic and chemical signals were important for rootstock-specific stomatal regulation. Moreover, model parameter comparison and sensitivity analysis highlighted two major parameters differentiating the rootstocks: (i) ABA biosynthetic activity and (ii) the hydraulic conductance between the rhizosphere and soil-root interface determined by root system architecture. These differences in root architecture, specifically a higher root length area in 110R, likely explain its higher E and gs observed at low and moderate water deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Peccoux
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, CNRS, INRA, ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Hochschule Geisenheim University, von-Lade-Straße 1, Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Brian Loveys
- CSIRO Plant Industry, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Junqi Zhu
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, CNRS, INRA, ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Gregory A Gambetta
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, CNRS, INRA, ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Serge Delrot
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, CNRS, INRA, ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Philippe Vivin
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, CNRS, INRA, ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Hans R Schultz
- Hochschule Geisenheim University, von-Lade-Straße 1, Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Nathalie Ollat
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, CNRS, INRA, ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Zhanwu Dai
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, CNRS, INRA, ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
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28
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Ferrero M, Pagliarani C, Novák O, Ferrandino A, Cardinale F, Visentin I, Schubert A. Exogenous strigolactone interacts with abscisic acid-mediated accumulation of anthocyanins in grapevine berries. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:2391-2401. [PMID: 29401281 PMCID: PMC5913642 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Besides signalling to soil organisms, strigolactones (SLs) control above- and below-ground morphology, in particular shoot branching. Furthermore, SLs interact with stress responses, possibly thanks to a crosstalk with the abscisic acid (ABA) signal. In grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), ABA drives the accumulation of anthocyanins over the ripening season. In this study, we investigated the effects of treatment with a synthetic strigolactone analogue, GR24, on anthocyanin accumulation in grape berries, in the presence or absence of exogenous ABA treatment. Experiments were performed both on severed, incubated berries, and on berries attached to the vine. Furthermore, we analysed the corresponding transcript concentrations of genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis, and in ABA biosynthesis, metabolism, and membrane transport. During the experiment time courses, berries showed the expected increase in soluble sugars and anthocyanins. GR24 treatment had no or little effect on anthocyanin accumulation, or on gene expression levels. Exogenous ABA treatment activated soluble sugar and anthocyanin accumulation, and enhanced expression of anthocyanin and ABA biosynthetic genes, and that of genes involved in ABA hydroxylation and membrane transport. Co-treatment of GR24 with ABA delayed anthocyanin accumulation, decreased expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes, and negatively affected ABA concentration. GR24 also enhanced the ABA-induced activation of ABA hydroxylase genes, while it down-regulated the ABA-induced activation of ABA transport genes. Our results show that GR24 affects the ABA-induced activation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in this non-climacteric fruit. We discuss possible mechanisms underlying this effect, and the potential role of SLs in ripening of non-ABA-treated berries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Ferrero
- PlantStressLab, Department of Agricultural, Forestry, and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Chiara Pagliarani
- PlantStressLab, Department of Agricultural, Forestry, and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Alessandra Ferrandino
- PlantStressLab, Department of Agricultural, Forestry, and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Francesca Cardinale
- PlantStressLab, Department of Agricultural, Forestry, and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Ivan Visentin
- PlantStressLab, Department of Agricultural, Forestry, and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Andrea Schubert
- PlantStressLab, Department of Agricultural, Forestry, and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Zhu J, Dai Z, Vivin P, Gambetta GA, Henke M, Peccoux A, Ollat N, Delrot S. A 3-D functional-structural grapevine model that couples the dynamics of water transport with leaf gas exchange. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2018; 121:833-848. [PMID: 29293870 PMCID: PMC5906973 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcx141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Background and Aims Predicting both plant water status and leaf gas exchange under various environmental conditions is essential for anticipating the effects of climate change on plant growth and productivity. This study developed a functional-structural grapevine model which combines a mechanistic understanding of stomatal function and photosynthesis at the leaf level (i.e. extended Farqhuhar-von Caemmerer-Berry model) and the dynamics of water transport from soil to individual leaves (i.e. Tardieu-Davies model). Methods The model included novel features that account for the effects of xylem embolism (fPLC) on leaf hydraulic conductance and residual stomatal conductance (g0), variable root and leaf hydraulic conductance, and the microclimate of individual organs. The model was calibrated with detailed datasets of leaf photosynthesis, leaf water potential, xylem sap abscisic acid (ABA) concentration and hourly whole-plant transpiration observed within a soil drying period, and validated with independent datasets of whole-plant transpiration under both well-watered and water-stressed conditions. Key Results The model well captured the effects of radiation, temperature, CO2 and vapour pressure deficit on leaf photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance and leaf water potential, and correctly reproduced the diurnal pattern and decline of water flux within the soil drying period. In silico analyses revealed that decreases in g0 with increasing fPLC were essential to avoid unrealistic drops in leaf water potential under severe water stress. Additionally, by varying the hydraulic conductance along the pathway (e.g. root and leaves) and changing the sensitivity of stomatal conductance to ABA and leaf water potential, the model can produce different water use behaviours (i.e. iso- and anisohydric). Conclusions The robust performance of this model allows for modelling climate effects from individual plants to fields, and for modelling plants with complex, non-homogenous canopies. In addition, the model provides a basis for future modelling efforts aimed at describing the physiology and growth of individual organs in relation to water status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqi Zhu
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Zhanwu Dai
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Philippe Vivin
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Gregory A Gambetta
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Michael Henke
- Department of Ecoinformatics, Biometrics and Forest Growth, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anthony Peccoux
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Nathalie Ollat
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Serge Delrot
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Wei Z, Du T, Li X, Fang L, Liu F. Simulation of Stomatal Conductance and Water Use Efficiency of Tomato Leaves Exposed to Different Irrigation Regimes and Air CO 2 Concentrations by a Modified "Ball-Berry" Model. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:445. [PMID: 29686689 PMCID: PMC5900028 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Stomatal conductance (gs) and water use efficiency (WUE) of tomato leaves exposed to different irrigation regimes and at ambient CO2 (a[CO2], 400 ppm) and elevated CO2 (e[CO2], 800 ppm) environments were simulated using the "Ball-Berry" model (BB-model). Data obtained from a preliminary experiment (Exp. I) was used for model parameterization, where measurements of leaf gas exchange of potted tomatoes were done during progressive soil drying for 5 days. The measured photosynthetic rate (Pn) was used as an input for the model. Considering the effect of soil water deficits on gs, an equation modifying the slope (m) based on the mean soil water potential (Ψs) in the whole root zone was introduced. Compared to the original BB-model, the modified model showed greater predictability for both gs and WUE of tomato leaves at each [CO2] growth environment. The models were further validated with data obtained from an independent experiment (Exp. II) where plants were subjected to three irrigation regimes: full irrigation (FI), deficit irrigation (DI), and alternative partial root-zone irrigation (PRI) for 40 days at both a[CO2] and e[CO2] environment. The simulation results indicated that gs was independently acclimated to e[CO2] from Pn. The modified BB-model performed better in estimating gs and WUE, especially for PRI strategy at both [CO2] environments. A greater WUE could be seen in plants grown under e[CO2] associated with PRI regime. Conclusively, the modified BB-model was capable of predicting gs and WUE of tomato leaves in various irrigation regimes at both a[CO2] and e[CO2] environments. This study could provide valuable information for better predicting plant WUE adapted to the future water-limited and CO2 enriched environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Wei
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
| | - Taisheng Du
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangnan Li
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Liang Fang
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
| | - Fulai Liu
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
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31
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Li W, de Ollas C, Dodd IC. Long-distance ABA transport can mediate distal tissue responses by affecting local ABA concentrations. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 60:16-33. [PMID: 29052969 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Environmental stresses that perturb plant water relations influence abscisic acid (ABA) concentrations, but it is unclear whether long-distance ABA transport contributes to changes in local ABA levels. To determine the physiological relevance of ABA transport, we made reciprocal- and self-grafts of ABA-deficient flacca mutant and wild-type (WT) tomato plants, in which low phosphorus (P) conditions decreased ABA concentrations while salinity increased ABA concentrations. Whereas foliar ABA concentrations in the WT scions were rootstock independent under conditions, salinity resulted in long-distance transport of ABA: flacca scions had approximately twice as much ABA when grafted on WT rootstocks compared to flacca rootstocks. Root ABA concentrations were scion dependent: both WT and flacca rootstocks had less ABA with the flacca mutant scion than with the WT scion under conditions. In WT scions, whereas rootstock genotype had limited effects on stomatal conductance under conditions, a flacca rootstock decreased leaf area of stressed plants, presumably due to attenuated root-to-shoot ABA transport. In flacca scions, a WT rootstock decreased stomatal conductance but increased leaf area of stressed plants, likely due to enhanced root-to-shoot ABA transport. Thus, long-distance ABA transport can affect responses in distal tissues by changing local ABA concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Carlos de Ollas
- Plant & Crop Sciences, Lancaster Environment Center, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Ian C Dodd
- Plant & Crop Sciences, Lancaster Environment Center, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
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32
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Coupel-Ledru A, Tyerman SD, Masclef D, Lebon E, Christophe A, Edwards EJ, Simonneau T. Abscisic Acid Down-Regulates Hydraulic Conductance of Grapevine Leaves in Isohydric Genotypes Only. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 175:1121-1134. [PMID: 28899961 PMCID: PMC5664463 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.00698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Plants evolved different strategies to cope with water stress. While isohydric species maintain their midday leaf water potential (ΨM) under soil water deficit by closing their stomata, anisohydric species maintain higher stomatal aperture and exhibit substantial reductions in ΨM It was hypothesized that isohydry is related to a locally higher sensitivity of stomata to the drought-hormone abscisic acid (ABA). Interestingly, recent lines of evidence in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) suggested that stomatal responsiveness is also controlled by an ABA action on leaf water supply upstream from stomata. Here, we tested the possibility in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) that different genotypes ranging from near isohydric to more anisohydric may have different sensitivities in these ABA responses. Measurements on whole plants in drought conditions were combined with assays on detached leaves fed with ABA. Two different methods consistently showed that leaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf) was down-regulated by exogenous ABA, with strong variations depending on the genotype. Importantly, variation between isohydry and anisohydry correlated with Kleaf sensitivity to ABA, with Kleaf in the most anisohydric genotypes being unresponsive to the hormone. We propose that the observed response of Kleaf to ABA may be part of the overall ABA regulation of leaf water status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Coupel-Ledru
- UMR LEPSE, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, 34000, Montpellier, France
- The University of Adelaide, Plant Research Centre, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Stephen D Tyerman
- The University of Adelaide, Plant Research Centre, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Diane Masclef
- UMR LEPSE, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Lebon
- UMR LEPSE, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Everard J Edwards
- CSIRO Agriculture, Waite Campus Laboratory, Private Bag 2, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
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Islam A, Leung S, Nikmatullah A, Dijkwel PP, McManus MT. Kunitz Proteinase Inhibitors Limit Water Stress Responses in White Clover ( Trifolium repens L.) Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1683. [PMID: 29046678 PMCID: PMC5632647 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The response of plants to water deficiency or drought is a complex process, the perception of which is triggered at the molecular level before any visible morphological responses are detected. It was found that different groups of plant proteinase inhibitors (PIs) are induced and play an active role during abiotic stress conditions such as drought. Our previous work with the white clover (Trifolium repens L.) Kunitz Proteinase Inhibitor (Tr-KPI) gene family showed that Tr-KPIs are differentially regulated to ontogenetic and biotic stress associated cues and that, at least some members of this gene family may be required to maintain cellular homeostasis. Altered cellular homeostasis may also affect abiotic stress responses and therefore, we aimed to understand if distinct Tr-PKI members function during drought stress. First, the expression level of three Tr-KPI genes, Tr-KPI1, Tr-KPI2, and Tr-KPI5, was measured in two cultivars and one white clover ecotype with differing capacity to tolerate drought. The expression of Tr-KPI1 and Tr-KPI5 increased in response to water deficiency and this was exaggerated when the plants were treated with a previous period of water deficiency. In contrast, proline accumulation and increased expression of Tr-NCED1, a gene encoding a protein involved in ABA biosynthesis, was delayed in plants that experienced a previous drought period. RNAi knock-down of Tr-KPI1 and Tr-KPI5 resulted in increased proline accumulation in leaf tissue of plants grown under both well-watered and water-deficit conditions. In addition, increased expression of genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis was found. The data suggests that Tr-KPIs, particularly Tr-KPI5, have an explicit function during water limitation. The results also imply that the Tr-KPI family has different in planta proteinase targets and that the functions of this protein family are not solely restricted to one of storage proteins or in response to biotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paul P. Dijkwel
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Romero P, Botía P, Keller M. Hydraulics and gas exchange recover more rapidly from severe drought stress in small pot-grown grapevines than in field-grown plants. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 216:58-73. [PMID: 28577386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Modifications of plant hydraulics and shoot resistances (Rshoot) induced by water withholding followed by rewatering, and their relationships with plant water status, leaf gas exchange and water use efficiency at the leaf level, were investigated in pot-grown and field-grown, own-rooted Syrah grapevines in an arid climate. Water stress induced anisohydric behavior, gradually reducing stomatal conductance (gs) and leaf photosynthesis (A) in response to decreasing midday stem water potential (Ψs). Water stress also rapidly increased intrinsic water-use efficiency (A/gs); this effect persisted for many days after rewatering. Whole-plant (Kplant), canopy (Kcanopy), shoot (Kshoot) and leaf (Kleaf) hydraulic conductances decreased during water stress, in tune with the gradual decrease in Ψs, leaf gas exchange and whole plant water use. Water-stressed vines also had a lower Ψ gradient between stem and leaf (ΔΨl), which was correlated with lower leaf transpiration rate (E). E and ΔΨl increased with increasing vapour pressure deficit (VPD) in non-stressed control vines but not in stressed vines. Perfusion of xylem-mobile dye showed that water flow to petioles and leaves was substantially reduced or even stopped under moderate and severe drought stress. Leaf blade hydraulic resistance accounted for most of the total shoot resistance. However, hydraulic conductance of the whole root system (Kroot) was not significantly reduced until water stress became very severe in pot-grown vines. Significant correlations between Kplant, Kcanopy and Ψs, Kcanopy and leaf gas exchange, Kleaf and Ψs, and Kleaf and A support a link between water supply, leaf water status and gas exchange. Upon re-watering, Ψs recovered faster than gas exchange and leaf-shoot hydraulics. A gradual recovery of hydraulic functionality of plant organs was also observed, the leaves being the last to recover after rewatering. In pot-grown vines, Kcanopy recovered rather quickly following restoration of Ψs, although gas exchange recovery did not directly depend on recovery of Kcanopy. In field-grown vines, recovery of water status, gas exchange and hydraulic functionality was slower than in pot-grown plants, and low gs after rewatering was related to sustained decreased Kplant, Kcanopy and Kshoot and lower water transport to leaves. These results suggest that caution should be exercised when scaling up conclusions from experiments with small pot-grown plants to field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascual Romero
- Grupo de Riego y Fisiología del Estrés. Departamento de Recursos Naturales. Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDA), c/Mayor s/n, 30150, La Alberca, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Pablo Botía
- Grupo de Riego y Fisiología del Estrés. Departamento de Recursos Naturales. Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDA), c/Mayor s/n, 30150, La Alberca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Markus Keller
- Department of Horticulture, Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Prosser, WA 99350, USA
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Saradadevi R, Palta JA, Siddique KHM. ABA-Mediated Stomatal Response in Regulating Water Use during the Development of Terminal Drought in Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1251. [PMID: 28769957 PMCID: PMC5513975 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
End-of-season drought or "terminal drought," which occurs after flowering, is considered the most significant abiotic stress affecting crop yields. Wheat crop production in Mediterranean-type environments is often exposed to terminal drought due to decreasing rainfall and rapid increases in temperature and evapotranspiration during spring when wheat crops enter the reproductive stage. Under such conditions, every millimeter of extra soil water extracted by the roots benefits grain filling and yield and improves water use efficiency (WUE). When terminal drought develops, soil dries from the top, exposing the top part of the root system to dry soil while the bottom part is in contact with available soil water. Plant roots sense the drying soil and produce signals, which on transmission to shoots trigger stomatal closure to regulate crop water use through transpiration. However, transpiration is linked to crop growth and productivity and limiting transpiration may reduce potential yield. While an early and high degree of stomatal closure affects photosynthesis and hence biomass production, a late and low degree of stomatal closure exhausts available soil water rapidly which results in yield losses through a reduction in post-anthesis water use. The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) is considered the major chemical signal involved in stomatal regulation. Wheat genotypes differ in their ability to produce ABA under drought and also in their stomatal sensitivity to ABA. In this viewpoint article we discuss the possibilities of exploiting genotypic differences in ABA response to soil drying in regulating the use of water under terminal drought. Root density distribution in the upper drying layers of the soil profile is identified as a candidate trait that can affect ABA accumulation and subsequent stomatal closure. We also examine whether leaf ABA can be designated as a surrogate characteristic for improved WUE in wheat to sustain grain yield under terminal drought. Ease of collecting leaf samples to quantify ABA compared to extracting xylem sap will facilitate rapid screening of a large number of germplasm for drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Saradadevi
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, PerthWA, Australia
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, PerthWA, Australia
| | - Jairo A. Palta
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, PerthWA, Australia
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, PerthWA, Australia
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, WembleyWA, Australia
| | - Kadambot H. M. Siddique
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, PerthWA, Australia
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, PerthWA, Australia
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Fuganti-Pagliarini R, Ferreira LC, Rodrigues FA, Molinari HBC, Marin SRR, Molinari MDC, Marcolino-Gomes J, Mertz-Henning LM, Farias JRB, de Oliveira MCN, Neumaier N, Kanamori N, Fujita Y, Mizoi J, Nakashima K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Nepomuceno AL. Characterization of Soybean Genetically Modified for Drought Tolerance in Field Conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:448. [PMID: 28443101 PMCID: PMC5387084 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the most stressful environmental factor causing yield and economic losses in many soybean-producing regions. In the last decades, transcription factors (TFs) are being used to develop genetically modified plants more tolerant to abiotic stresses. Dehydration responsive element binding (DREB) and ABA-responsive element-binding (AREB) TFs were introduced in soybean showing improved drought tolerance, under controlled conditions. However, these results may not be representative of the way in which plants behave over the entire season in the real field situation. Thus, the objectives of this study were to analyze agronomical traits and physiological parameters of AtDREB1A (1Ab58), AtDREB2CA (1Bb2193), and AtAREB1 (1Ea2939) GM lines under irrigated (IRR) and non-irrigated (NIRR) conditions in a field experiment, over two crop seasons and quantify transgene and drought-responsive genes expression. Results from season 2013/2014 revealed that line 1Ea2939 showed higher intrinsic water use and leaf area index. Lines 1Ab58 and 1Bb2193 showed a similar behavior to wild-type plants in relation to chlorophyll content. Oil and protein contents were not affected in transgenic lines in NIRR conditions. Lodging, due to plentiful rain, impaired yield from the 1Ea2939 line in IRR conditions. qPCR results confirmed the expression of the inserted TFs and drought-responsive endogenous genes. No differences were identified in the field experiment performed in crop season 2014/2015, probably due to the optimum rainfall volume during the cycle. These field screenings showed promising results for drought tolerance. However, additional studies are needed in further crop seasons and other sites to better characterize how these plants may outperform the WT under field water deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Fuganti-Pagliarini
- Embrapa Soybean, Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)Londrina, Brazil
| | - Leonardo C. Ferreira
- Embrapa Soybean, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)Londrina, Brazil
| | - Fabiana A. Rodrigues
- Embrapa Soybean, Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Silvana R. R. Marin
- Embrapa SoybeanLondrina, Brazil
- Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State UniversityLondrina, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Marcolino-Gomes
- Embrapa Soybean, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)Londrina, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Norihito Kanamori
- Japan International Research Center for Agricultural SciencesTsukuba, Japan
| | - Yasunari Fujita
- Japan International Research Center for Agricultural SciencesTsukuba, Japan
| | - Junya Mizoi
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Tokyo UniversityTokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Nakashima
- Japan International Research Center for Agricultural SciencesTsukuba, Japan
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Fanourakis D, Bouranis D, Giday H, Carvalho DRA, Rezaei Nejad A, Ottosen CO. Improving stomatal functioning at elevated growth air humidity: A review. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 207:51-60. [PMID: 27792901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plants grown at high relative air humidity (RH≥85%) are prone to lethal wilting upon transfer to conditions of high evaporative demand. The reduced survival of these plants is related to (i) increased cuticular permeability, (ii) changed anatomical features (i.e., longer pore length and higher stomatal density), (iii) reduced rehydration ability, (iv) impaired water potential sensitivity to leaf dehydration and, most importantly, (v) compromised stomatal closing ability. This review presents a critical analysis of the strategies which stimulate stomatal functioning during plant development at high RH. These include (a) breeding for tolerant cultivars, (b) interventions with respect to the belowground environment (i.e., water deficit, increased salinity, nutrient culture and grafting) as well as (c) manipulation of the aerial environment [i.e., increased proportion of blue light, increased air movement, temporal temperature rise, and spraying with abscisic acid (ABA)]. Root hypoxia, mechanical disturbance, as well as spraying with compounds mimicking ABA, lessening its inactivation or stimulating its within-leaf redistribution are also expected to improve stomatal functioning of leaves expanded in humid air. Available evidence leaves little doubt that genotypic and phenotypic differences in stomatal functioning following cultivation at high RH are realized through the intermediacy of ABA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Fanourakis
- School of Agricultural Technology, Technological Educational Institute of Crete, GR 71004 Heraklio, Greece.
| | - Dimitrios Bouranis
- Plant Physiology and Morphology Laboratory, Crop Science Department, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Habtamu Giday
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dália R A Carvalho
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Abdolhossein Rezaei Nejad
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, P.O. Box 465, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Carl-Otto Ottosen
- Aarhus University, Department of Food Science, Kirstinebjergvej 10, DK-5792 Årslev, Denmark
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Wang J, Wang S, Liu G, Edwards EJ, Duan W, Li S, Wang L. The Synthesis and Accumulation of Resveratrol Are Associated with Veraison and Abscisic Acid Concentration in Beihong ( Vitis vinifera × Vitis amurensis) Berry Skin. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1605. [PMID: 27857716 PMCID: PMC5094005 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrols are polyphenolic secondary metabolites that can benefit human health, and only occur in a few plant families including Vitaceae. It has been reported that abscisic acid (ABA) can induce veraison (the onset of grape berry ripening) and may induce the accumulation of resveratrol in berry skin. However, the relationships between ABA, veraison, the accumulation of anthocyanins and the accumulation of resveratrol in the berry are poorly understood. This study attempted to answer this question through an investigation of the effect of applied ABA and fluridone (a synthetic inhibitor of ABA) on the biosynthesis and accumulation of ABA, anthocyanin, and resveratrol in Beihong (Vitis vinifera × Vitis amurensis) berry skin. Under natural conditions, resveratrol concentration was very low before 91 DAA (days after anthesis), i.e., 2 weeks after veraison, however, it increased sharply from this point to 126 DAA (maturity). Exogenous ABA applications all resulted in an increase in berry skin ABA and anthocyanin concentration, irrespective of the developmental stage at which the treatment occurred (20 and 10 days pre-veraison, veraison or 7 days post-veraison), thereby advancing veraison. In contrast, resveratrol concentration increased only when ABA was applied at 10 days pre-veraison or at veraison. As a result, the accumulation of resveratrol was associated with veraison in grape berry skin and this accumulation, together with that of anthocyanins, was associated with ABA concentration. The response of resveratrol biosynthesis in the berry skin to manipulation of ABA varied during berry development and was less sensitive to ABA than the response of anthocyanin biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
- Viticulture and Enology Research Center, Institute of Agro-food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan, China
| | - Shuqin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Guotian Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Everard J. Edwards
- Group of Grapes and Horticulture, CSIRO Agriculture, Glen OsmondSA, Australia
| | - Wei Duan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Shaohua Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
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Lovell JT, Shakirov EV, Schwartz S, Lowry DB, Aspinwall MJ, Taylor SH, Bonnette J, Palacio-Mejia JD, Hawkes CV, Fay PA, Juenger TE. Promises and Challenges of Eco-Physiological Genomics in the Field: Tests of Drought Responses in Switchgrass. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 172:734-748. [PMID: 27246097 PMCID: PMC5047078 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the physiological and genetic basis of stress tolerance in plants has proven to be critical to understanding adaptation in both agricultural and natural systems. However, many discoveries were initially made in the controlled conditions of greenhouses or laboratories, not in the field. To test the comparability of drought responses across field and greenhouse environments, we undertook three independent experiments using the switchgrass reference genotype Alamo AP13. We analyzed physiological and gene expression variation across four locations, two sampling times, and three years. Relatively similar physiological responses and expression coefficients of variation across experiments masked highly dissimilar gene expression responses to drought. Critically, a drought experiment utilizing small pots in the greenhouse elicited nearly identical physiological changes as an experiment conducted in the field, but an order of magnitude more differentially expressed genes. However, we were able to define a suite of several hundred genes that were differentially expressed across all experiments. This list was strongly enriched in photosynthesis, water status, and reactive oxygen species responsive genes. The strong across-experiment correlations between physiological plasticity-but not differential gene expression-highlight the complex and diverse genetic mechanisms that can produce phenotypically similar responses to various soil water deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T Lovell
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas (J.T.L., E.V.S., S.S., J.B., J.D.P.-M., C.V.H., T.E.J.); Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia (E.V.S.); Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (D.B.L.);Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, Australia (M.J.A.); Departments of Environmental Studies and Biology, Keene State College, Keene, New Hampshire USA (S.H.T.); andUSDA-ARS Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, Texas 76502 (P.A.F.)
| | - Eugene V Shakirov
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas (J.T.L., E.V.S., S.S., J.B., J.D.P.-M., C.V.H., T.E.J.); Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia (E.V.S.); Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (D.B.L.);Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, Australia (M.J.A.); Departments of Environmental Studies and Biology, Keene State College, Keene, New Hampshire USA (S.H.T.); andUSDA-ARS Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, Texas 76502 (P.A.F.)
| | - Scott Schwartz
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas (J.T.L., E.V.S., S.S., J.B., J.D.P.-M., C.V.H., T.E.J.); Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia (E.V.S.); Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (D.B.L.);Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, Australia (M.J.A.); Departments of Environmental Studies and Biology, Keene State College, Keene, New Hampshire USA (S.H.T.); andUSDA-ARS Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, Texas 76502 (P.A.F.)
| | - David B Lowry
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas (J.T.L., E.V.S., S.S., J.B., J.D.P.-M., C.V.H., T.E.J.); Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia (E.V.S.); Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (D.B.L.);Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, Australia (M.J.A.); Departments of Environmental Studies and Biology, Keene State College, Keene, New Hampshire USA (S.H.T.); andUSDA-ARS Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, Texas 76502 (P.A.F.)
| | - Michael J Aspinwall
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas (J.T.L., E.V.S., S.S., J.B., J.D.P.-M., C.V.H., T.E.J.); Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia (E.V.S.); Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (D.B.L.);Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, Australia (M.J.A.); Departments of Environmental Studies and Biology, Keene State College, Keene, New Hampshire USA (S.H.T.); andUSDA-ARS Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, Texas 76502 (P.A.F.)
| | - Samuel H Taylor
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas (J.T.L., E.V.S., S.S., J.B., J.D.P.-M., C.V.H., T.E.J.); Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia (E.V.S.); Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (D.B.L.);Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, Australia (M.J.A.); Departments of Environmental Studies and Biology, Keene State College, Keene, New Hampshire USA (S.H.T.); andUSDA-ARS Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, Texas 76502 (P.A.F.)
| | - Jason Bonnette
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas (J.T.L., E.V.S., S.S., J.B., J.D.P.-M., C.V.H., T.E.J.); Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia (E.V.S.); Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (D.B.L.);Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, Australia (M.J.A.); Departments of Environmental Studies and Biology, Keene State College, Keene, New Hampshire USA (S.H.T.); andUSDA-ARS Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, Texas 76502 (P.A.F.)
| | - Juan Diego Palacio-Mejia
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas (J.T.L., E.V.S., S.S., J.B., J.D.P.-M., C.V.H., T.E.J.); Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia (E.V.S.); Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (D.B.L.);Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, Australia (M.J.A.); Departments of Environmental Studies and Biology, Keene State College, Keene, New Hampshire USA (S.H.T.); andUSDA-ARS Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, Texas 76502 (P.A.F.)
| | - Christine V Hawkes
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas (J.T.L., E.V.S., S.S., J.B., J.D.P.-M., C.V.H., T.E.J.); Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia (E.V.S.); Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (D.B.L.);Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, Australia (M.J.A.); Departments of Environmental Studies and Biology, Keene State College, Keene, New Hampshire USA (S.H.T.); andUSDA-ARS Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, Texas 76502 (P.A.F.)
| | - Philip A Fay
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas (J.T.L., E.V.S., S.S., J.B., J.D.P.-M., C.V.H., T.E.J.); Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia (E.V.S.); Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (D.B.L.);Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, Australia (M.J.A.); Departments of Environmental Studies and Biology, Keene State College, Keene, New Hampshire USA (S.H.T.); andUSDA-ARS Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, Texas 76502 (P.A.F.)
| | - Thomas E Juenger
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas (J.T.L., E.V.S., S.S., J.B., J.D.P.-M., C.V.H., T.E.J.); Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia (E.V.S.); Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (D.B.L.);Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, Australia (M.J.A.); Departments of Environmental Studies and Biology, Keene State College, Keene, New Hampshire USA (S.H.T.); andUSDA-ARS Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, Texas 76502 (P.A.F.)
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Rossdeutsch L, Edwards E, Cookson SJ, Barrieu F, Gambetta GA, Delrot S, Ollat N. ABA-mediated responses to water deficit separate grapevine genotypes by their genetic background. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 16:91. [PMID: 27091220 PMCID: PMC4836075 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0778-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ABA-mediated processes are involved in plant responses to water deficit, especially the control of stomatal opening. However in grapevine it is not known if these processes participate in the phenotypic variation in drought adaptation existing between genotypes. To elucidate this question, the response to short-term water-deficit was analysed in roots and shoots of nine Vitis genotypes differing in their drought adaptation in the field. The transcript abundance of 12 genes involved in ABA biosynthesis, catabolism, and signalling were monitored, together with physiological and metabolic parameters related to ABA and its role in controlling plant transpiration. RESULTS Although transpiration and ABA responses were well-conserved among the genotypes, multifactorial analyses separated Vitis vinifera varieties and V. berlandieri x V. rupestris hybrids (all considered drought tolerant) from the other genotypes studied. Generally, V. vinifera varieties, followed by V. berlandieri x V. rupestris hybrids, displayed more pronounced responses to water-deficit in comparison to the other genotypes. However, changes in transcript abundance in roots were more pronounced for Vitis hybrids than V. vinifera genotypes. Changes in the expression of the cornerstone ABA biosynthetic gene VviNCED1, and the ABA transcriptional regulator VviABF1, were associated with the response of V. vinifera genotypes, while changes in VviNCED2 abundance were associated with the response of other Vitis genotypes. In contrast, the ABA RCAR receptors were not identified as key components of the genotypic variability of water-deficit responses. Interestingly, the expression of VviSnRK2.6 (an AtOST1 ortholog) was constitutively lower in roots and leaves of V. vinifera genotypes and higher in roots of V. berlandieri x V. rupestris hybrids. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights that Vitis genotypes exhibiting different levels of drought adaptation differ in key steps involved in ABA metabolism and signalling; both under well-watered conditions and in response to water-deficit. In addition, it supports that adaptation may be related to various mechanisms related or not to ABA responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landry Rossdeutsch
- />UMR EGFV, ISVV-INRA, 210 chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Everard Edwards
- />CSIRO Agriculture, Private Bag 2, Glen Osmond, SA 5064 Australia
| | - Sarah J. Cookson
- />UMR EGFV, ISVV-INRA, 210 chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - François Barrieu
- />UMR EGFV, ISVV-Bordeaux University, 210 chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Gregory A. Gambetta
- />UMR EGFV, ISVV-Bordeaux Sciences-Agro, 210 chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Serge Delrot
- />UMR EGFV, ISVV-Bordeaux University, 210 chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Nathalie Ollat
- />UMR EGFV, ISVV-INRA, 210 chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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41
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McAdam SAM, Sussmilch FC, Brodribb TJ. Stomatal responses to vapour pressure deficit are regulated by high speed gene expression in angiosperms. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:485-91. [PMID: 26353082 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plants dynamically regulate water use by the movement of stomata on the surface of leaves. Stomatal responses to changes in vapour pressure deficit (VPD) are the principal regulator of daytime transpiration and water use efficiency in land plants. In angiosperms, stomatal responses to VPD appear to be regulated by the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA), yet the origin of this ABA is controversial. After a 20 min exposure of plants, from three diverse angiosperm species, to a doubling in VPD, stomata closed, foliar ABA levels increased and the expression of the gene encoding the key, rate-limiting carotenoid cleavage enzyme (9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase, NCED) in the ABA biosynthetic pathway was significantly up-regulated. The NCED gene was the only gene in the ABA biosynthetic pathway to be up-regulated over the short time scale corresponding to the response of stomata. The closure of stomata and rapid increase in foliar ABA levels could not be explained by the release of ABA from internal stores in the leaf or the hydrolysis of the conjugate ABA-glucose ester. These results implicate an extremely rapid de novo biosynthesis of ABA, mediated by a single gene, as the means by which angiosperm stomata respond to natural changes in VPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A M McAdam
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Frances C Sussmilch
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Timothy J Brodribb
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
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42
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Guan L, Dai Z, Wu BH, Wu J, Merlin I, Hilbert G, Renaud C, Gomès E, Edwards E, Li SH, Delrot S. Anthocyanin biosynthesis is differentially regulated by light in the skin and flesh of white-fleshed and teinturier grape berries. PLANTA 2016; 243:23-41. [PMID: 26335854 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2391-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Light exclusion reduces the concentration and modifies the composition of grape anthocyanins, by altering the expression of genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport, in a cultivar- and tissue-specific manner. Unlike most grapes, teinturier grapes accumulate anthocyanins both in skin and flesh. However, the concentration and composition of anthocyanins in both tissues differ, providing a valuable system to study tissue-specific regulation of anthocyanin synthesis. Furthermore, little is known about the mechanisms controlling the sensitivity of anthocyanin accumulation to light. Here, light was excluded from Gamay (white-fleshed) and Gamay Fréaux (teinturier mutant) berries throughout berry development. Under light-exposed conditions, the skin of Gamay Fréaux accumulated the highest level of anthocyanins, followed by the skin of Gamay, while the pulp of Gamay Fréaux had much lower anthocyanins than the skins. Network analysis revealed the same order on the number of significant correlations among metabolites and transcripts in the three colored tissues, indicating a higher connectivity that reflects a higher efficiency of the anthocyanin pathway. Compared to light conditions, light exclusion reduced the total amount of anthocyanins, most severely in the skin of Gamay and to a lesser extent in the flesh and skin of Gamay Fréaux. Coordinated decrease in the transcript abundance of structural, regulatory and transporter genes by light exclusion correlated with the reduced anthocyanin concentration in a cultivar- and tissue-specific manner. Moreover, light exclusion increased the ratio of dihydroxylated to trihydroxylated anthocyanins, in parallel with F3'H and F3'5'H transcript amounts. Sugars and ABA only play a limited role in the control of anthocyanin synthesis in the berries, in contrast with what has been described in cell suspensions. This study provides novel insights into the regulation of anthocyanin in wild type and teinturier cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Guan
- UMR 1287 EGFV, INRA, Univ. de Bordeaux, ISVV, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanwu Dai
- UMR 1287 EGFV, INRA, Univ. de Bordeaux, ISVV, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
| | - Ben-Hong Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- UMR 1287 EGFV, INRA, Univ. de Bordeaux, ISVV, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Isabelle Merlin
- UMR 1287 EGFV, INRA, Univ. de Bordeaux, ISVV, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Ghislaine Hilbert
- UMR 1287 EGFV, INRA, Univ. de Bordeaux, ISVV, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Christel Renaud
- UMR 1287 EGFV, INRA, Univ. de Bordeaux, ISVV, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Eric Gomès
- UMR 1287 EGFV, INRA, Univ. de Bordeaux, ISVV, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Everard Edwards
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Agriculture Flagship, PMB2, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Shao-Hua Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, People's Republic of China
| | - Serge Delrot
- UMR 1287 EGFV, INRA, Univ. de Bordeaux, ISVV, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
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Zarrouk O, Brunetti C, Egipto R, Pinheiro C, Genebra T, Gori A, Lopes CM, Tattini M, Chaves MM. Grape Ripening Is Regulated by Deficit Irrigation/Elevated Temperatures According to Cluster Position in the Canopy. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1640. [PMID: 27895648 PMCID: PMC5108974 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The impact of water deficit on berry quality has been extensively investigated during the last decades. Nonetheless, there is a scarcity of knowledge on the performance of varieties exposed to a combination of high temperatures/water stress during the growing season and under vineyard conditions. The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of two irrigation regimes, sustained deficit irrigation (SDI, 30% ETc) and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI, 15% ETc) and of two cluster positions within the canopy (east- and west-exposed sides) on berry ripening in red Aragonez (Tempranillo) grapevines. The study was undertaken for two successive years in a commercial vineyard in South Portugal, monitoring the following parameters: pre-dawn leaf water potential, berry temperature, sugars, polyphenols, abscisic acid (ABA) and related metabolites. Additionally, expression patterns for different transcripts encoding for enzymes responsible for anthocyanin and ABA biosynthesis (VviUFGT, VvNCED1, VvβG1, VviHyd1, VviHyd2) were analyzed. In both years anthocyanin concentration was lower in RDI at the west side (RDIW- the hottest one) from véraison onwards, suggesting that the most severe water stress conditions exacerbated the negative impact of high temperature on anthocyanin. The down-regulation of VviUFGT expression revealed a repression of the anthocyanin synthesis in berries of RDIW, at early stages of berry ripening. At full-maturation, anthocyanin degradation products were detected, being highest at RDIW. This suggests that the negative impact of water stress and high temperature on anthocyanins results from the repression of biosynthesis at the onset of ripening and from degradation at later stages. On the other hand, berries grown under SDI displayed a higher content in phenolics than those under RDI, pointing out for the attenuation of the negative temperature effects under SDI. Irrigation regime and berry position had small effect on free-ABA concentration. However, ABA catabolism/conjugation process and ABA biosynthetic pathway were affected by water and heat stresses. This indicates the role of ABA-GE and catabolites in berry ABA homeostasis under abiotic stresses. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the strongest influence in berry ripening is the deficit irrigation regime, while temperature is an important variable determining the improvement or impairment of berry quality by the deficit irrigation regime. In summary, this work shows the interaction between irrigation regime and high temperature on the control of berry ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olfa Zarrouk
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade NOVA de LisboaOeiras, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Olfa Zarrouk
| | - Cecilia Brunetti
- Trees and Timber Institute, The National Research Council of ItalyFlorence, Italy
- Department of Plant, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
| | - Ricardo Egipto
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de LisboaLisboa, Portugal
| | - Carla Pinheiro
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade NOVA de LisboaOeiras, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de LisboaCaparica, Portugal
- Carla Pinheiro
| | - Tânia Genebra
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade NOVA de LisboaOeiras, Portugal
| | - Antonella Gori
- Trees and Timber Institute, The National Research Council of ItalyFlorence, Italy
- Department of Plant, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
| | - Carlos M. Lopes
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de LisboaLisboa, Portugal
| | - Massimiliano Tattini
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, The National Research Council of ItalyFlorence, Italy
| | - M. Manuela Chaves
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade NOVA de LisboaOeiras, Portugal
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de LisboaLisboa, Portugal
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Carter LJ, Williams M, Böttcher C, Kookana RS. Uptake of Pharmaceuticals Influences Plant Development and Affects Nutrient and Hormone Homeostases. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:12509-18. [PMID: 26418514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b03468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The detection of a range of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in the soil environment has led to a number of publications demonstrating uptake by crops, however very few studies have explored the potential for impacts on plant development as a result of API uptake. This study investigated the effect of carbamazepine and verapamil (0.005-10 mg/kg) on a range of plant responses in zucchini (Cucurbita pepo). Uptake increased in a dose-dependent manner, with maximum leaf concentrations of 821.9 and 2.2 mg/kg for carbamazepine and verapamil, respectively. Increased carbamazepine uptake by zucchini resulted in a decrease in above (<60%) and below (<30%) ground biomass compared to the controls (p < 0.05). At soil concentrations >4 mg/kg the mature leaves suffered from burnt edges and white spots as well as a reduction in photosynthetic pigments but no such effects were seen for verapamil. For both APIs, further investigations revealed significant differences in the concentrations of selected plant hormones (auxins, cytokinins, abscisic acid and jasmonates), and in the nutrient composition of the leaves in comparison to the controls (p < 0.05). This is some of the first research to demonstrate that the exposure of plants to APIs is likely to cause impacts on plant development with unknown implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Carter
- CSIRO Land and Water, Waite Campus , Adelaide, South Australia , 5064
| | - Mike Williams
- CSIRO Land and Water, Waite Campus , Adelaide, South Australia , 5064
| | | | - Rai S Kookana
- CSIRO Land and Water, Waite Campus , Adelaide, South Australia , 5064
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45
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Corso M, Vannozzi A, Maza E, Vitulo N, Meggio F, Pitacco A, Telatin A, D'Angelo M, Feltrin E, Negri AS, Prinsi B, Valle G, Ramina A, Bouzayen M, Bonghi C, Lucchin M. Comprehensive transcript profiling of two grapevine rootstock genotypes contrasting in drought susceptibility links the phenylpropanoid pathway to enhanced tolerance. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:5739-52. [PMID: 26038306 PMCID: PMC4566973 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In light of ongoing climate changes in wine-growing regions, the selection of drought-tolerant rootstocks is becoming a crucial factor for developing a sustainable viticulture. In this study, M4, a new rootstock genotype that shows tolerance to drought, was compared from a genomic and transcriptomic point of view with the less drought-tolerant genotype 101.14. The root and leaf transcriptome of both 101.14 and the M4 rootstock genotype was analysed, following exposure to progressive drought conditions. Multifactorial analyses indicated that stress treatment represents the main factor driving differential gene expression in roots, whereas in leaves the genotype is the prominent factor. Upon stress, M4 roots and leaves showed a higher induction of resveratrol and flavonoid biosynthetic genes, respectively. The higher expression of VvSTS genes in M4, confirmed by the accumulation of higher levels of resveratrol in M4 roots compared with 101.14, was coupled to an up-regulation of several VvWRKY transcription factors. Interestingly, VvSTS promoter analyses performed on both the resequenced genomes highlighted a significantly higher number of W-BOX elements in the tolerant genotype. It is proposed that the elevated synthesis of resveratrol in M4 roots upon water stress could enhance the plant's ability to cope with the oxidative stress usually associated with water deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Corso
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova Agripolis, 35020 Legnaro, Italy Centro Interdipartimentale per la Ricerca in Viticoltura ed Enologia (CIRVE), Via XXVIII Aprile, 14-31015 Conegliano (TV), Italy
| | - Alessandro Vannozzi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova Agripolis, 35020 Legnaro, Italy Centro Interdipartimentale per la Ricerca in Viticoltura ed Enologia (CIRVE), Via XXVIII Aprile, 14-31015 Conegliano (TV), Italy
| | - Elie Maza
- Genomics and Biotechnology of Fruit (GBF) Laboratory, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan Cedex (Toulouse), France
| | - Nicola Vitulo
- CRIBI, University of Padova, viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Franco Meggio
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova Agripolis, 35020 Legnaro, Italy Centro Interdipartimentale per la Ricerca in Viticoltura ed Enologia (CIRVE), Via XXVIII Aprile, 14-31015 Conegliano (TV), Italy
| | - Andrea Pitacco
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova Agripolis, 35020 Legnaro, Italy Centro Interdipartimentale per la Ricerca in Viticoltura ed Enologia (CIRVE), Via XXVIII Aprile, 14-31015 Conegliano (TV), Italy
| | - Andrea Telatin
- CRIBI, University of Padova, viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Michela D'Angelo
- CRIBI, University of Padova, viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Erika Feltrin
- CRIBI, University of Padova, viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Alfredo Simone Negri
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences-Production, Landscape, Agroenergy (DiSAA), University of Milano, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Bhakti Prinsi
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences-Production, Landscape, Agroenergy (DiSAA), University of Milano, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Giorgio Valle
- CRIBI, University of Padova, viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Angelo Ramina
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova Agripolis, 35020 Legnaro, Italy Centro Interdipartimentale per la Ricerca in Viticoltura ed Enologia (CIRVE), Via XXVIII Aprile, 14-31015 Conegliano (TV), Italy
| | - Mondher Bouzayen
- Genomics and Biotechnology of Fruit (GBF) Laboratory, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan Cedex (Toulouse), France
| | - Claudio Bonghi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova Agripolis, 35020 Legnaro, Italy Centro Interdipartimentale per la Ricerca in Viticoltura ed Enologia (CIRVE), Via XXVIII Aprile, 14-31015 Conegliano (TV), Italy
| | - Margherita Lucchin
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova Agripolis, 35020 Legnaro, Italy Centro Interdipartimentale per la Ricerca in Viticoltura ed Enologia (CIRVE), Via XXVIII Aprile, 14-31015 Conegliano (TV), Italy
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Tombesi S, Nardini A, Frioni T, Soccolini M, Zadra C, Farinelli D, Poni S, Palliotti A. Stomatal closure is induced by hydraulic signals and maintained by ABA in drought-stressed grapevine. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12449. [PMID: 26207993 PMCID: PMC4513549 DOI: 10.1038/srep12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Water saving under drought stress is assured by stomatal closure driven by active (ABA-mediated) and/or passive (hydraulic-mediated) mechanisms. There is currently no comprehensive model nor any general consensus about the actual contribution and relative importance of each of the above factors in modulating stomatal closure in planta. In the present study, we assessed the contribution of passive (hydraulic) vs active (ABA mediated) mechanisms of stomatal closure in V. vinifera plants facing drought stress. Leaf gas exchange decreased progressively to zero during drought, and embolism-induced loss of hydraulic conductance in petioles peaked to ~50% in correspondence with strong daily limitation of stomatal conductance. Foliar ABA significantly increased only after complete stomatal closure had already occurred. Rewatering plants after complete stomatal closure and after foliar ABA reached maximum values did not induced stomatal re-opening, despite embolism recovery and water potential rise. Our data suggest that in grapevine stomatal conductance is primarily regulated by passive hydraulic mechanisms. Foliar ABA apparently limits leaf gas exchange over long-term, also preventing recovery of stomatal aperture upon rewatering, suggesting the occurrence of a mechanism of long-term down-regulation of transpiration to favor embolism repair and preserve water under conditions of fluctuating water availability and repeated drought events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Tombesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, University of Perugia, Borgo 20 giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Nardini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Tommaso Frioni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, University of Perugia, Borgo 20 giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy
| | - Marta Soccolini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, University of Perugia, Borgo 20 giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy
| | - Claudia Zadra
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Perugia, Borgo 20 giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy
| | - Daniela Farinelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, University of Perugia, Borgo 20 giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefano Poni
- Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Vegetali Sostenibili, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via E. Parmense 84, 29100 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Alberto Palliotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, University of Perugia, Borgo 20 giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy
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Global Reprogramming of Transcription in Chinese Fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) during Progressive Drought Stress and after Rewatering. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:15194-219. [PMID: 26154763 PMCID: PMC4519895 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160715194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata), an evergreen conifer, is the most commonly grown afforestation species in southeast China due to its rapid growth and good wood qualities. To gain a better understanding of the drought-signalling pathway and the molecular metabolic reactions involved in the drought response, we performed a genome-wide transcription analysis using RNA sequence data. In this study, Chinese fir plantlets were subjected to progressively prolonged drought stress, up to 15 d, followed by rewatering under controlled environmental conditions. Based on observed morphological changes, plantlets experienced mild, moderate, or severe water stress before rehydration. Transcriptome analysis of plantlets, representing control and mild, moderate, and severe drought-stress treatments, and the rewatered plantlets, identified several thousand genes whose expression was altered in response to drought stress. Many genes whose expression was tightly coupled to the levels of drought stress were identified, suggesting involvement in Chinese fir drought adaptation responses. These genes were associated with transcription factors, signal transport, stress kinases, phytohormone signalling, and defence/stress response. The present study provides the most comprehensive transcriptome resource and the first dynamic transcriptome profiles of Chinese fir under drought stress. The drought-responsive genes identified in this study could provide further information for understanding the mechanisms of drought tolerance in Chinese fir.
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Saradadevi R, Bramley H, Palta JA, Edwards E, Siddique KHM. Root biomass in the upper layer of the soil profile is related to the stomatal response of wheat as the soil dries. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2015; 43:62-74. [PMID: 32480442 DOI: 10.1071/fp15216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Terminal drought is a common abiotic stress affecting wheat yield in Mediterranean-type environments. As terminal drought develops, top layers of the soil profile dry, exposing the upper part of the root system to soil water deficit while deeper roots can still access soil water. Since open stomata rapidly exhausts available soil water, reducing stomatal conductance to prolong availability of soil water during grain filling may improve wheat yields in water-limited environments. It was hypothesised that genotypes with more root biomass in the drying upper layer of the soil profile accumulate more abscisic acid in the leaf and initiate stomatal closure to regulate water use under terminal drought. The wheat cultivar Drysdale and the breeding line IGW-3262 were grown in pots horizontally split into two segments by a wax-coated layer that hydraulically isolated the top and bottom segments, but allowed roots to grow into the bottom segment. Terminal drought was induced from anthesis by withholding water from (i) the top segment only (DW) and (ii) the top and bottom segments (DD) while both segments in well-watered pots (WW) were maintained at 90% pot soil water capacity. Drysdale, initiated stomatal closure earlier than IGW-3262, possibly due to higher signal strength generated in its relatively larger proportion of roots in the drying top segment. The relationship between leaf ABA and stomatal conductance was strong in Drysdale but weak in IGW-3262. Analysis of ABA metabolites suggests possible differences in ABA metabolism between these two genotypes. A higher capability of deeper roots to extract available water is also important in reducing the gap between actual and potential yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Saradadevi
- School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Helen Bramley
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jairo A Palta
- School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Everard Edwards
- CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, PMB2, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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49
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Giday H, Fanourakis D, Kjaer KH, Fomsgaard IS, Ottosen CO. Threshold response of stomatal closing ability to leaf abscisic acid concentration during growth. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:4361-70. [PMID: 24863434 PMCID: PMC4112639 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Leaf abscisic acid concentration ([ABA]) during growth influences morpho-physiological traits associated with the plant's ability to cope with stress. A dose-response curve between [ABA] during growth and the leaf's ability to regulate water loss during desiccation or rehydrate upon re-watering was obtained. Rosa hybrida plants were grown at two relative air humidities (RHs, 60% or 90%) under different soil water potentials (-0.01, -0.06, or -0.08MPa) or upon grafting onto the rootstock of a cultivar sustaining [ABA] at elevated RH. Measurements included [ABA], stomatal anatomical features, stomatal responsiveness to desiccation, and the ability of leaves, desiccated to varying degrees, to recover their weight (rehydrate) following re-watering. Transpiration efficiency (plant mass per transpired water) was also determined. Soil water deficit resulted in a lower transpiration rate and higher transpiration efficiency at both RHs. The lowest [ABA] was observed in well-watered plants grown at high RH. [ABA] was increased by soil water deficit or grafting, at both RHs. The growth environment-induced changes in stomatal size were mediated by [ABA]. When [ABA] was increased from the level of (well-watered) high RH-grown plants to the value of (well-watered) plants grown at moderate RH, stomatal responsiveness was proportionally improved. A further increase in [ABA] did not affect stomatal responsiveness to desiccation. [ABA] was positively related to the ability of dehydrated leaves to rehydrate. The data indicate a growth [ABA]-related threshold for stomatal sensitivity to desiccation, which was not apparent either for stomatal size or for recovery (rehydration) upon re-watering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habtamu Giday
- Department of Food Science, Århus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, DK-5792, Årslev, Denmark
| | - Dimitrios Fanourakis
- Institute for Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Katrine H Kjaer
- Department of Food Science, Århus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, DK-5792, Årslev, Denmark
| | - Inge S Fomsgaard
- Department of Agroecology-Crop Health, Århus University, Forsøgsvej 1, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Carl-Otto Ottosen
- Department of Food Science, Århus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, DK-5792, Årslev, Denmark
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50
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Klein T. The variability of stomatal sensitivity to leaf water potential across tree species indicates a continuum between isohydric and anisohydric behaviours. Funct Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamir Klein
- Institute of Botany; University of Basel; Schönbeinstrasse 6 Basel 4056 Switzerland
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