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Long Y, Wang C, Liu C, Li H, Pu A, Dong Z, Wei X, Wan X. Molecular mechanisms controlling grain size and weight and their biotechnological breeding applications in maize and other cereal crops. J Adv Res 2024; 62:27-46. [PMID: 37739122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cereal crops are a primary energy source for humans. Grain size and weight affect both evolutionary fitness and grain yield of cereals. Although studies on gene mining and molecular mechanisms controlling grain size and weight are constantly emerging in cereal crops, only a few systematic reviews on the underlying molecular mechanisms and their breeding applications are available so far. AIM OF REVIEW This review provides a general state-of-the-art overview of molecular mechanisms and targeted strategies for improving grain size and weight of cereals as well as insights for future yield-improving biotechnology-assisted breeding. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW In this review, the evolution of research on grain size and weight over the last 20 years is traced based on a bibliometric analysis of 1158 publications and the main signaling pathways and transcriptional factors involved are summarized. In addition, the roles of post-transcriptional regulation and photosynthetic product accumulation affecting grain size and weight in maize and rice are outlined. State-of-the-art strategies for discovering novel genes related to grain size and weight in maize and other cereal crops as well as advanced breeding biotechnology strategies being used for improving yield including marker-assisted selection, genomic selection, transgenic breeding, and genome editing are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Long
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Industry Research Institute of Biotechnology Breeding, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Huangai Li
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Aqing Pu
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Zhenying Dong
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Industry Research Institute of Biotechnology Breeding, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Xun Wei
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Industry Research Institute of Biotechnology Breeding, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Xiangyuan Wan
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Industry Research Institute of Biotechnology Breeding, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China.
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Ran J, Ding Q, Wang G, Shen Y, Gao Z, Gao Y, Ma X, Hou X. The Developmental Mechanism of the Root System of Cultivated Terrestrial Watercress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3523. [PMID: 37895987 PMCID: PMC10610301 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
A well-developed root system is crucial for the rapid growth, asexual reproduction, and adaptation to the drought environments of the watercress. After analyzing the transcriptome of the watercress root system, we found that a high concentration of auxin is key to its adaptation to dry conditions. For the first time, we obtained DR5::EGFP watercress, which revealed the dynamic distribution of auxin in watercress root development under drought conditions. Via the application of naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA), 4-biphenylboronic acid (BBO), ethylene (ETH), abscisic acid (ABA), and other factors, we confirmed that auxin has a significant impact on the root development of watercress. Finally, we verified the role of auxin in root development using 35S::NoYUC8 watercress and showed that the synthesis of auxin in the root system mainly depends on the tryptophan, phenylalanine, and tyrosine amino acids (TAA) synthesis pathway. After the level of auxin increases, the root system of the watercress develops toward adaptation to dry environments. The formation of root aerenchyma disrupts the concentration gradient of auxin and is a key factor in the differentiation of lateral root primordia and H cells in watercress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (East China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education of China, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.R.); (Q.D.); (G.W.); (Y.S.); (Z.G.); (Y.G.); (X.M.)
- Anhui Jianghuai Horticulture Seeds Co., Ltd., Hefei 230000, China
| | - Qiang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (East China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education of China, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.R.); (Q.D.); (G.W.); (Y.S.); (Z.G.); (Y.G.); (X.M.)
| | - Guangpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (East China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education of China, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.R.); (Q.D.); (G.W.); (Y.S.); (Z.G.); (Y.G.); (X.M.)
| | - Yunlou Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (East China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education of China, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.R.); (Q.D.); (G.W.); (Y.S.); (Z.G.); (Y.G.); (X.M.)
| | - Zhanyuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (East China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education of China, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.R.); (Q.D.); (G.W.); (Y.S.); (Z.G.); (Y.G.); (X.M.)
| | - Yue Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (East China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education of China, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.R.); (Q.D.); (G.W.); (Y.S.); (Z.G.); (Y.G.); (X.M.)
| | - Xiaoqing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (East China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education of China, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.R.); (Q.D.); (G.W.); (Y.S.); (Z.G.); (Y.G.); (X.M.)
| | - Xilin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (East China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education of China, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.R.); (Q.D.); (G.W.); (Y.S.); (Z.G.); (Y.G.); (X.M.)
- Nanjing Suman Plasma Engineering Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211162, China
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Wen Y, Wu K, Chai B, Fang Y, Hu P, Tan Y, Wang Y, Wu H, Wang J, Zhu L, Zhang G, Gao Z, Ren D, Zeng D, Shen L, Dong G, Zhang Q, Li Q, Qian Q, Hu J. NLG1, encoding a mitochondrial membrane protein, controls leaf and grain development in rice. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:418. [PMID: 37689677 PMCID: PMC10492415 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04417-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrion is the key respiratory organ and participate in multiple anabolism and catabolism pathways in eukaryote. However, the underlying mechanism of how mitochondrial membrane proteins regulate leaf and grain development remains to be further elucidated. RESULTS Here, a mitochondria-defective mutant narrow leaf and slender grain 1 (nlg1) was identified from an EMS-treated mutant population, which exhibits narrow leaves and slender grains. Moreover, nlg1 also presents abnormal mitochondria structure and was sensitive to the inhibitors of mitochondrial electron transport chain. Map-based cloning and transgenic functional confirmation revealed that NLG1 encodes a mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase containing a subunit Tim21. GUS staining assay and RT-qPCR suggested that NLG1 was mainly expressed in leaves and panicles. The expression level of respiratory function and auxin response related genes were significantly down-regulated in nlg1, which may be responsible for the declination of ATP production and auxin content. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that NLG1 plays an important role in the regulation of leaf and grain size development by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. Our finding provides a novel insight into the effects of mitochondria development on leaf and grain morphogenesis in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wen
- Rice Research Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Northern Japonica Rice Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education and Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110866, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Kaixiong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Bingze Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yunxia Fang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 16 Xiasha Road, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Peng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yiqing Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yueying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Junge Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Guangheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Zhenyu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Deyong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Dali Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Lan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Guojun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Qian Qian
- Rice Research Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Northern Japonica Rice Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education and Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110866, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan, 572024, China.
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, 572024, China.
| | - Jiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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Haile M, Ro N, Ko HC, Oh H, Lee GA. A Comprehensive Genome-Wide Association Study of Carotenoid and Capsaicinoid Contents in Capsicum chinense Germplasm. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13885. [PMID: 37762188 PMCID: PMC10531199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pepper is a highly important vegetable globally, both economically and nutritionally. However, to efficiently select and identify genetic resources for pepper breeding programs, it is crucial to understand the association between important traits and genetic factors. In this study, we investigated the genetic basis of carotenoid and capsaicinoid content in 160 Capsicum chinense germplasms. The study observed significant variability in carotenoid and capsaicinoid content among the germplasms. Correlation analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between violaxanthin and antheraxanthin. In contrast, capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin displayed negative correlations with individual carotenoids but exhibited a strong positive correlation between the two compounds (r = 0.90 ***). Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) was performed on 160 genotypes of pepper germplasm, which identified 47,810 high-quality SNPs. A comprehensive genome-wide association analysis was performed using these SNPs to identify SNPs associated with carotenoids and capsaicinoids, revealing 193 SNPs that exhibited significant associations. Specifically, 4 SNPs were associated with violaxanthin, 2 with antheraxanthin, 86 with capsorubin, 5 with capsanthin, 63 with zeaxanthin, 3 with β-cryptoxanthin, and 2 with α-carotene. With further studies, the significantly associated SNPs identified in this study have the potential to be utilized for selecting pepper accessions with high carotenoid and capsaicinoid contents. Additionally, the genes associated with these significant SNPs will be used to understand their roles and involvement in the biosynthesis pathway of carotenoids and capsaicinoids. Understanding the function of these genes can provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the production of these bioactive compounds in pepper. The findings of this study hold valuable implications for selecting pepper varieties with desirable traits and developing breeding programs aimed at enhancing the nutritional and medicinal properties of pepper.
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Liu Y, Liu Y, He Y, Yan Y, Yu X, Ali M, Pan C, Lu G. Cytokinin-inducible response regulator SlRR6 controls plant height through gibberellin and auxin pathways in tomato. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:4471-4488. [PMID: 37115725 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Plant height is a key agronomic trait regulated by several phytohormones such as gibberellins (GAs) and auxin. However, little is known about how cytokinin (CK) participates in this process. Here, we report that SlRR6, a type-A response regulator in the CK signaling pathway, positively regulates plant height in tomato. SlRR6 was induced by exogenous kinetin and GA3, but inhibited by indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Knock out of SlRR6 reduced tomato plant height through shortening internode length, while overexpression of SlRR6 caused taller plants due to increased internode number. Cytological observation of longitudinal stems showed that both knock out and overexpression of SlRR6 generated larger cells, but significantly reduced cell numbers in each internode. Further studies demonstrated that overexpression of SlRR6 enhanced GA accumulation and lowered IAA content, along with expression changes in GA- and IAA-related genes. Exogenous paclobutrazol and IAA treatments restored the increased plant height phenotype in SlRR6-overexpressing lines. Yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and co-immunoprecipitation assays showed that SlRR6 interacts with a small auxin up RNA protein, SlSAUR58. Moreover, SlSAUR58-overexpressing plants were dwarf with decreased internode length. Overall, our findings establish SlRR6 as a vital component in the CK signaling, GA, and IAA regulatory network that controls plant height.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yichen Liu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanjun He
- Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Yanqiu Yan
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaolin Yu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Changtian Pan
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Gang Lu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Duan E, Lin Q, Wang Y, Ren Y, Xu H, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Teng X, Dong H, Wang Y, Jiang X, Chen X, Lei J, Yang H, Chen R, Jiang L, Wang H, Wan J. The transcriptional hub SHORT INTERNODES1 integrates hormone signals to orchestrate rice growth and development. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:2871-2886. [PMID: 37195873 PMCID: PMC10396361 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to coordinate their growth and stress responses via integrating various phytohormone signaling pathways. However, the precise molecular mechanisms orchestrating integration of the phytohormone signaling pathways remain largely obscure. In this study, we found that the rice (Oryza sativa) short internodes1 (shi1) mutant exhibits typical auxin-deficient root development and gravitropic response, brassinosteroid (BR)-deficient plant architecture and grain size as well as enhanced abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated drought tolerance. Additionally, we found that the shi1 mutant is also hyposensitive to auxin and BR treatment but hypersensitive to ABA. Further, we showed that OsSHI1 promotes the biosynthesis of auxin and BR by activating the expression of OsYUCCAs and D11, meanwhile dampens ABA signaling by inducing the expression of OsNAC2, which encodes a repressor of ABA signaling. Furthermore, we demonstrated that 3 classes of transcription factors, AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 19 (OsARF19), LEAF AND TILLER ANGLE INCREASED CONTROLLER (LIC), and OsZIP26 and OsZIP86, directly bind to the promoter of OsSHI1 and regulate its expression in response to auxin, BR, and ABA, respectively. Collectively, our results unravel an OsSHI1-centered transcriptional regulatory hub that orchestrates the integration and self-feedback regulation of multiple phytohormone signaling pathways to coordinate plant growth and stress adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erchao Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qibing Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yulong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuanyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yunlong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xuan Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hui Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yupeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaokang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jie Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Rongbo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianmin Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Xu K, Lou Q, Wang D, Li T, Chen S, Li T, Luo L, Chen L. Overexpression of a novel small auxin-up RNA gene, OsSAUR11, enhances rice deep rootedness. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:319. [PMID: 37316787 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04320-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deep rooting is an important factor affecting rice drought resistance. However, few genes have been identified to control this trait in rice. Previously, we identified several candidate genes by QTL mapping of the ratio of deep rooting and gene expression analysis in rice. RESULTS In the present work, we cloned one of these candidate genes, OsSAUR11, which encodes a small auxin-up RNA (SAUR) protein. Overexpression of OsSAUR11 significantly enhanced the ratio of deep rooting of transgenic rice, but knockout of this gene did not significantly affect deep rooting. The expression of OsSAUR11 in rice root was induced by auxin and drought, and OsSAUR11-GFP was localized both in the plasma membrane and cell nucleus. Through an electrophoretic mobility shift assay and gene expression analysis in transgenic rice, we found that the transcription factor OsbZIP62 can bind to the promoter of OsSAUR11 and promote its expression. A luciferase complementary test showed that OsSAUR11 interacts with the protein phosphatase OsPP36. Additionally, expression of several auxin synthesis and transport genes (e.g., OsYUC5 and OsPIN2) were down-regulated in OsSAUR11-overexpressing rice plants. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed a novel gene OsSAUR11 positively regulates deep rooting in rice, which provides an empirical basis for future improvement of rice root architecture and drought resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xu
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, 201106, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaojun Lou
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, 201106, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Di Wang
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, 201106, China
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tiemei Li
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, 201106, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Shoujun Chen
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, 201106, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Tianfei Li
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, 201106, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Luo
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, 201106, China.
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China.
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Liang Chen
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, 201106, China.
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China.
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Ma F, Zhang F, Zhu Y, Lan D, Yan P, Wang Y, Hu Z, Zhang X, Hu J, Niu F, Liu M, He S, Cui J, Yuan X, Yan Y, Wu S, Cao L, Bian H, Yang J, Li Z, Luo X. Auxin signaling module OsSK41-OsIAA10-OsARF regulates grain yield traits in rice. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 36939166 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Auxin is an important phytohormone in plants, and auxin signaling pathways in rice play key roles in regulating its growth, development, and productivity. To investigate how rice grain yield traits are regulated by auxin signaling pathways and to facilitate their application in rice improvement, we validated the functional relationships among regulatory genes such as OsIAA10, OsSK41, and OsARF21 that are involved in one of the auxin (OsIAA10) signaling pathways. We assessed the phenotypic effects of these genes on several grain yield traits across two environments using knockout and/or overexpression transgenic lines. Based on the results, we constructed a model that showed how grain yield traits were regulated by OsIAA10 and OsTIR1, OsAFB2, and OsSK41 and OsmiR393 in the OsSK41-OsIAA10-OsARF module and by OsARF21 in the transcriptional regulation of downstream auxin response genes in the OsSK41-OsIAA10-OsARF module. The population genomic analyses revealed rich genetic diversity and the presence of major functional alleles at most of these loci in rice populations. The strong differentiation of many major alleles between Xian/indica and Geng/japonica subspecies and/or among modern varieties and landraces suggested that they contributed to improved productivity during evolution and breeding. We identified several important aspects associated with the genetic and molecular bases of rice grain and yield traits that were regulated by auxin signaling pathways. We also suggested rice auxin response factor (OsARF) activators as candidate target genes for improving specific target traits by overexpression and/or editing subspecies-specific alleles and by searching and pyramiding the 'best' gene allelic combinations at multiple regulatory genes in auxin signaling pathways in rice breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Dengyong Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Peiwen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Zejun Hu
- Institute of Crop Breeding and Cultivation, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Xinwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jian Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Fuan Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Institute of Crop Breeding and Cultivation, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Mingyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Shicong He
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jinhao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xinyu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Ying Yan
- Institute of Crop Breeding and Cultivation, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Shujun Wu
- Institute of Crop Breeding and Cultivation, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Liming Cao
- Institute of Crop Breeding and Cultivation, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Hongwu Bian
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jinshui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Zhikang Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518100, China
| | - Xiaojin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
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9
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Ma X, Jia Q, Li S, Chen Z, Ming X, Zhao Y, Zhou DX. An enhanced network of energy metabolism, lysine acetylation, and growth-promoting protein accumulation is associated with heterosis in elite hybrid rice. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023:100560. [PMID: 36774536 PMCID: PMC10363507 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Heterosis refers to the superior performance of a hybrid compared with its parental lines. Although several genetic and molecular models have been proposed to explain heterosis, it remains unclear how hybrid cells integrate complementary gene expression or activity to drive heterotic growth. In this work, we show that accumulation of growth-promoting and energy metabolism proteins, enhanced energy metabolism activities, and increased protein lysine acetylation were associated with superior growth of the panicle meristem in the elite hybrid rice Shanyou 63 relative to its parental varieties. Metabolism of nuclear/cytosolic acetyl-coenzyme A was also enhanced in the hybrid, which paralleled increases in histone H3 acetylation to selectively target the expression of growth-promoting and metabolic genes. Lysine acetylation of cellular proteins, including TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN complex 1, ribosomal proteins, and energy metabolism enzymes, was also augmented and/or remodeled to modulate their activities. The data indicate that an enhanced network of energy-producing metabolic activity and growth-promoting histone acetylation/gene expression in the hybrid could contribute to its superior growth rate and may constitute a model to explain heterosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qingxiao Jia
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Sheng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhengting Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xin Ming
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dao-Xiu Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Institute of Plant Science Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRAE, University Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France.
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10
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Biologically Oriented Hybrids of Indole and Hydantoin Derivatives. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020602. [PMID: 36677661 PMCID: PMC9866919 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Indoles and hydantoins are important heterocycles scaffolds which present in numerous bioactive compounds which possess various biological activities. Moreover, they are essential building blocks in organic synthesis, particularly for the preparation of important hybrid molecules. The series of hybrid compounds containing indoles and imidazolidin-2-one moiety with direct C-C bond were synthesized using an amidoalkylation one-pot reaction. All compounds were investigated as a growth regulator for germination, growth and development of wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum L). Their effect on drought resistance at very low concentrations (4 × 10-5 M) was evaluated. The study highlighted identified the leading compounds, 3a and 3e, with higher growth-regulating activity than the indole-auxin analogues.
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11
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Kim SH, Yoon J, Kim H, Lee SJ, Kim T, Kang K, Paek NC. OsMYB7 determines leaf angle at the late developmental stage of lamina joints in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1167202. [PMID: 37123839 PMCID: PMC10140434 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1167202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Leaf angle shapes plant architecture, allowing for optimal light interception to maximize photosynthesis and yield, and therefore is a crucial agronomic trait. Here, we show that the rice (Oryza sativa L.) R2R3-type MYB transcription factor OsMYB7 determines leaf angle in a developmental stage-specific manner. OsMYB7-overexpressing lines produced wide-angled leaves and osmyb7 knockout mutants exhibited erect leaves. This phenotype was restricted to the lamina joints at the late developmental stage. In agreement with these observations, OsMYB7 was preferentially expressed in the lamina joints of post-mature leaves. Since OsMYB7 homologs are transcriptional repressors of lignin biosynthesis, we examined whether OsMYB7 might inhibit thickening of secondary cell walls. Although OsMYB7 repressed lignin biosynthesis, it enhanced thickening of sclerenchyma cell walls by elevating cellulose contents at the lamina joints. Furthermore, we found that OsMYB7 affects endogenous auxin levels in lamina joints, and the adaxial cells of lamina joints in OsMYB7-overexpressing lines and osmyb7 knockout mutants exhibited enhanced and reduced elongation, respectively, compared to the wild type. These results suggest that OsMYB7 promotes leaf inclination partially through decreasing free auxin levels and promoting cell elongation at the adaxial side of lamina joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk-Hwan Kim
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwon Yoon
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanna Kim
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ji Lee
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehoon Kim
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiyoon Kang
- Division of Life Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Chon Paek
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Nam-Chon Paek,
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12
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To HTM, Pham DT, Le Thi VA, Nguyen TT, Tran TA, Ta AS, Chu HH, Do PT. The Germin-like protein OsGER4 is involved in promoting crown root development under exogenous jasmonic acid treatment in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 112:860-874. [PMID: 36134434 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In rice (Oryza sativa L.), crown roots (CRs) have many important roles in processes such as root system expansion, water and mineral uptake, and adaptation to environmental stresses. Phytohormones such as auxin, cytokinin, and ethylene are known to control CR initiation and development in rice. However, the role of jasmonic acid (JA) in CR development remained elusive. Here, we report that JA promotes CR development by regulating OsGER4, a rice Germin-like protein. Root phenotyping analysis revealed that exogenous JA treatment induced an increase in CR number in a concentration-dependent manner. A subsequent genome-wide association study and gene expression analyses pinpointed a strong association between the Germin-like protein OsGER4 and the increase in CR number under exogenous JA treatment. The ProGER4::GUS reporter line showed that OsGER4 is a hormone-responsive gene involved in various stress responses, mainly confined to epidermal and vascular tissues during CR primordia development and to vascular bundles of mature crown and lateral roots. Notable changes in OsGER4 expression patterns caused by the polar auxin transport inhibitor NPA support its connection to auxin signaling. Phenotyping experiments with OsGER4 knockout mutants confirmed that this gene is required for CR development under exogenous JA treatment. Overall, our results provide important insights into JA-mediated regulation of CR development in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huong Thi Mai To
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Dan The Pham
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Van Anh Le Thi
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Trang Thi Nguyen
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Tuan Anh Tran
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Anh Son Ta
- School of Applied Mathematics and Informatics, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, 1 Dai Co Viet, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ha Hoang Chu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Phat Tien Do
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
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13
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Roles of Auxin in the Growth, Development, and Stress Tolerance of Horticultural Plants. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172761. [PMID: 36078168 PMCID: PMC9454831 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Auxin, a plant hormone, regulates virtually every aspect of plant growth and development. Many current studies on auxin focus on the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, or on field crops, such as rice and wheat. There are relatively few studies on what role auxin plays in various physiological processes of a range of horticultural plants. In this paper, recent studies on the role of auxin in horticultural plant growth, development, and stress response are reviewed to provide novel insights for horticultural researchers and cultivators to improve the quality and application of horticultural crops.
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14
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Zhao ZX, Yin XX, Li S, Peng YT, Yan XL, Chen C, Hassan B, Zhou SX, Pu M, Zhao JH, Hu XH, Li GB, Wang H, Zhang JW, Huang YY, Fan J, Li Y, Wang WM. miR167d-ARFs Module Regulates Flower Opening and Stigma Size in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 15:40. [PMID: 35876915 PMCID: PMC9314575 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-022-00587-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Flower opening and stigma exertion are two critical traits for cross-pollination during seed production of hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.). In this study, we demonstrate that the miR167d-ARFs module regulates stigma size and flower opening that is associated with the elongation of stamen filaments and the cell arrangement of lodicules. The overexpression of miR167d (OX167d) resulted in failed elongation of stamen filaments, increased stigma size, and morphological alteration of lodicule, resulting in cleistogamy. Blocking miR167d by target mimicry also led to a morphological alteration of the individual floral organs, including a reduction in stigma size and alteration of lodicule cell morphology, but did not show the cleistogamous phenotype. In addition, the four target genes of miR167d, namely ARF6, ARF12, ARF17, and ARF25, have overlapping functions in flower opening and stigma size. The loss-of-function of a single ARF gene did not influence the flower opening and stigma size, but arf12 single mutant showed a reduced plant height and aborted apical spikelets. However, mutation in ARF12 together with mutation in either ARF6, ARF17, or ARF25 led to the same defective phenotypes that were observed in OX167d, including the failed elongation of stamen filaments, increased stigma size, and morphological alteration of lodicule. These findings indicate that the appropriate expression of miR167d is crucial and the miR167d-ARFs module plays important roles in the regulation of flower opening and stigma size in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Sha Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yu-Ting Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiu-Lian Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Chen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Beenish Hassan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shi-Xin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Mei Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jing-Hao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Guo-Bang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - He Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ji-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yan-Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Wen-Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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15
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Tian X, Jiang Q, Jia Z, Fang Y, Wang Z, Wang J. Identification of TabZIP family members with possible roles in the response to auxin in wheat roots. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 196:113103. [PMID: 35091213 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Auxin regulates root development and is considered a potential target for improving crop yield. In this study, we identified 22 basic leucine zipper transcription factors (bZIP TFs) that responded to two concentrations (1 and 50 μM) of indole-acetic acid (IAA) during wheat root development by transcriptome analysis. In addition, we identified 176 TabZIP genes from the wheat genome. Phylogenetic classification and gene structure analysis indicated that the 22 auxin-responsive TabZIPs were divided into groups 1 to 9 (except group 3) with different functions. Phenotypic analysis showed that knocking out Arabidopsis AtHY5, which is the homologous gene of TabZIP6D_147 (one of the downregulated auxin-responsive TabZIPs under both 1 and 50 μM IAA that belonged to group 4), resulted in insensitivity to IAA, while the phenotype of TabZIP6D_147/hy5 complementary lines recovered to that of the wild type, suggesting that downregulated TabZIP6D_147 plays a negative role in the auxin signalling pathway. These results revealed that auxin-responsive TabZIP genes may play different roles in root architecture in the response to the two concentrations of auxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Qinqin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ziyao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zhonghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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16
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Tregear JW, Richaud F, Collin M, Esbelin J, Parrinello H, Cochard B, Nodichao L, Morcillo F, Adam H, Jouannic S. Micro-RNA-Regulated SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) Gene Expression and Cytokinin Accumulation Distinguish Early-Developing Male and Female Inflorescences in Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis). PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11050685. [PMID: 35270155 PMCID: PMC8912876 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sexual differentiation of inflorescences and flowers is important for reproduction and affects crop plant productivity. We report here on a molecular study of the process of sexual differentiation in the immature inflorescence of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). This species is monoecious and exhibits gender diphasy, producing male and female inflorescences separately on the same plant in alternation. Three main approaches were used: small RNA-seq to characterise and study the expression of miRNA genes; RNA-seq to monitor mRNA accumulation patterns; hormone quantification to assess the role of cytokinins and auxins in inflorescence differentiation. Our study allowed the characterisation of 30 previously unreported palm MIRNA genes. In differential gene and miRNA expression studies, we identified a number of key developmental genes and miRNA-mRNA target modules previously described in relation to their developmental regulatory role in the cereal panicle, notably the miR156/529/535-SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) gene regulatory module. Gene enrichment analysis highlighted the importance of hormone-related genes, and this observation was corroborated by the detection of much higher levels of cytokinins in the female inflorescence. Our data illustrate the importance of branching regulation within the developmental window studied, during which the female inflorescence, unlike its male counterpart, produces flower clusters on new successive axes by sympodial growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W. Tregear
- DIADE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (J.E.); (F.M.); (H.A.); (S.J.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Frédérique Richaud
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, 34398 Montpellier, France;
- AGAP, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Myriam Collin
- DIADE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (J.E.); (F.M.); (H.A.); (S.J.)
| | - Jennifer Esbelin
- DIADE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (J.E.); (F.M.); (H.A.); (S.J.)
| | - Hugues Parrinello
- MGX-Montpellier GenomiX, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094 Montpellier, France;
| | | | | | - Fabienne Morcillo
- DIADE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (J.E.); (F.M.); (H.A.); (S.J.)
- CIRAD, UMR DIADE, 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Hélène Adam
- DIADE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (J.E.); (F.M.); (H.A.); (S.J.)
| | - Stefan Jouannic
- DIADE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (J.E.); (F.M.); (H.A.); (S.J.)
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17
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Zhao DD, Park JR, Jang YH, Kim EG, Du XX, Farooq M, Yun BJ, Kim KM. Identification of One Major QTL and a Novel Gene OsIAA17q5 Associated with Tiller Number in Rice Using QTL Analysis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:538. [PMID: 35214873 PMCID: PMC8875189 DOI: 10.3390/plants11040538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rice tillers are one of the most important traits for the yield and development of rice, although little is known about its mode of inheritance. Tiller numbers were recorded every 7 days a total of nine times, starting 30 days after transplantation. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) based analysis on a set of double haploid population derivatives of a cross between the Cheongcheong and Nagdong varieties identified a major effect of locus RM18130-RM3381 on chromosome 5, which was expressed in eight different growth stages. Within the target region RM18130-RM3381 (physical distance: 2.08 Mb), 61 candidate genes were screened by annotation. Among the candidate genes, Os05g0230700 (named OsIAA17q5), which belongs to the family of auxin-responsive genes, was selected as a target. Auxin promotes cell division and meristem maintenance and is an effective plant regulator which influences plant growth and development by altering the expression of various genes. OsIAA17q5 is expected to control the number of tillers. The present study provides further understanding of the basic genetic mechanisms that selectively express the control of tiller numbers in different growth stages, as well as provides valuable information for future research aimed at cloning the target gene. These results may contribute to developing a comprehensive understanding of the basic genetic processes regulating the developmental behavior of tiller numbers in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Zhao
- Division of Plant Biosciences, School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (D.-D.Z.); (J.-R.P.); (Y.-H.J.); (E.-G.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Jae-Ryoung Park
- Division of Plant Biosciences, School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (D.-D.Z.); (J.-R.P.); (Y.-H.J.); (E.-G.K.); (M.F.)
- Crop Breeding Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Yoon-Hee Jang
- Division of Plant Biosciences, School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (D.-D.Z.); (J.-R.P.); (Y.-H.J.); (E.-G.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Eun-Gyeong Kim
- Division of Plant Biosciences, School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (D.-D.Z.); (J.-R.P.); (Y.-H.J.); (E.-G.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Xiao-Xuan Du
- Coastal Agriculture Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
- Biosafety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Jeonju 54874, Korea
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Division of Plant Biosciences, School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (D.-D.Z.); (J.-R.P.); (Y.-H.J.); (E.-G.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Byoung-Ju Yun
- School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Kim
- Division of Plant Biosciences, School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (D.-D.Z.); (J.-R.P.); (Y.-H.J.); (E.-G.K.); (M.F.)
- Coastal Agriculture Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
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18
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Guo X, Huang JG, Buttò V, Luo D, Shen C, Li J, Liang H, Zhang S, Hou X, Zhao P, Rossi S. Auxin concentration and xylem production of Pinus massoniana in a subtropical forest in south China. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:317-324. [PMID: 34505152 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Auxin is involved in various developmental processes of plants, including cell division in cambium and xylem differentiation. However, most studies linking auxin and xylem cell production are performed in environments with a strong seasonality (i.e., temperate and boreal climates). The temporal dynamics of auxin and cambial activity of subtropical trees remain basically unknown. In this study, we sampled four microcores weekly in three individuals of Chinese red pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) from February to December 2015-16 to compare xylem formation with auxin concentration in subtropical China. During the entire period of sampling, the number of cambial cells varied from 2 to 7, while the number of cells in the enlarging zone ranged from 1 to 4 and from 1 to 5 in the wall-thickening zone. In 2015, the average auxin concentration was 3.46 ng g-1, with 33 xylem cells being produced at the end of the year. In 2016, a lower auxin concentration (2.59 ng g-1) corresponded to a reduced annual xylem production (13.7 cells). No significant relationship between auxin concentration and number of xylem cells in differentiation was found at the weekly scale. Unlike in boreal and temperate forests, the lack of wood formation seasonality in subtropical forests makes it more difficult to reveal the relationship between auxin concentration and number of xylem cells in differentiation at the intra-annual scale. The frequent and repeated samplings might have reduced auxin concentration in the developing cambium and xylem, resulting in a lower xylem cell production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiali Guo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian-Guo Huang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Valentina Buttò
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 555 boulevard de l'Université Chicoutimi, QC G7H 2B1, Canada
| | - Dawei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Chunyu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, 1 Jinming Road, Kaifeng Henan 475004, China
| | - Jingye Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Hanxue Liang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Shaokang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xingliang Hou
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Sergio Rossi
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 555 boulevard de l'Université Chicoutimi, QC G7H 2B1, Canada
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19
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Liu Z, Su J, Luo X, Meng J, Zhang H, Li P, Sun Y, Song J, Peng X, Yu C. Nitrogen limits zinc‐mediated stimulation of tillering in rice by modifying phytohormone balance under low‐temperature stress. Food Energy Secur 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhilei Liu
- College of Resources and Environment Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation Ministry of Education Physiology and Ecology of Grain Crop in Cold Region (Northeast Agricultural University) Harbin China
| | - Jinkai Su
- College of Resources and Environment Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Xiangyu Luo
- College of Resources and Environment Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Jingrou Meng
- College of Resources and Environment Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Haonan Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Pengfei Li
- College of Resources and Environment Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation Ministry of Education Physiology and Ecology of Grain Crop in Cold Region (Northeast Agricultural University) Harbin China
| | - Yankun Sun
- College of Resources and Environment Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Jiamei Song
- College of Resources and Environment Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Xianlong Peng
- College of Resources and Environment Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation Ministry of Education Physiology and Ecology of Grain Crop in Cold Region (Northeast Agricultural University) Harbin China
| | - Cailian Yu
- The School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin China
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20
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Ding C, Lin X, Zuo Y, Yu Z, Baerson SR, Pan Z, Zeng R, Song Y. Transcription factor OsbZIP49 controls tiller angle and plant architecture through the induction of indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetases in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 108:1346-1364. [PMID: 34582078 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tiller angle is an important determinant of plant architecture in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Auxins play a critical role in determining plant architecture; however, the underlying metabolic and signaling mechanisms are still largely unknown. In this study, we have identified a member of the bZIP family of TGA class transcription factors, OsbZIP49, that participates in the regulation of plant architecture and is specifically expressed in gravity-sensing tissues, including the shoot base, nodes and lamina joints. Transgenic rice plants overexpressing OsbZIP49 displayed a tiller-spreading phenotype with reduced plant height and internode lengths. In contrast, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of OsbZIP49 resulted in a compact architecture. Follow-up studies indicated that the effects of OsbZIP49 on tiller angles are mediated through changes in shoot gravitropic responses. Additionally, we provide evidence that OsbZIP49 activates the expression of indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetases OsGH3-2 and OsGH3-13 by directly binding to TGACG motifs located within the promoters of both genes. Increased GH3-catalyzed conjugation of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in rice transformants overexpressing OsbZIP49 resulted in the increased accumulation of IAA-Asp and IAA-Glu, and a reduction in local free auxin, tryptamine and IAA-Glc levels. Exogenous IAA or naphthylacetic acid (NAA) partially restored shoot gravitropic responses in OsbZIP49-overexpressing plants. Knockout of OsbZIP49 led to reduced expression of both OsGH3-2 and OsGH3-13 within the shoot base, and increased accumulation of IAA and increased OsIAA20 expression levels were observed in transformants following gravistimulation. Taken together, the present results reveal the role transcription factor OsbZIP49 plays in determining plant architecture, primarily due to its influence on local auxin homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohui Ding
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Key State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xianhui Lin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ying Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zhilin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Scott R Baerson
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, University, Mississippi, 38677, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Pan
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, University, Mississippi, 38677, USA
| | - Rensen Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Key State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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21
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Pernisová M, Vernoux T. Auxin Does the SAMba: Auxin Signaling in the Shoot Apical Meristem. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2021; 13:a039925. [PMID: 33903154 PMCID: PMC8634999 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a039925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Plants, in contrast to animals, are unique in their capacity to postembryonically develop new organs due to the activity of stem cell populations, located in specialized tissues called meristems. Above ground, the shoot apical meristem generates aerial organs and tissues throughout plant life. It is well established that auxin plays a central role in the functioning of the shoot apical meristem. Auxin distribution in the meristem is not uniform and depends on the interplay between biosynthesis, transport, and degradation. Auxin maxima and minima are created, and result in transcriptional outputs that drive the development of new organs and contribute to meristem maintenance. To uncover and understand complex signaling networks such as the one regulating auxin responses in the shoot apical meristem remains a challenge. Here, we will discuss our current understanding and point to important research directions for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markéta Pernisová
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, University at Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, 69342 Lyon, France
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics, National Centre for Biomolecula Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University and CEITEC MU, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Teva Vernoux
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, University at Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, 69342 Lyon, France
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22
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Da Costa MVJ, Ramegowda V, Sreeman S, Nataraja KN. Targeted Phytohormone Profiling Identifies Potential Regulators of Spikelet Sterility in Rice under Combined Drought and Heat Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111690. [PMID: 34769121 PMCID: PMC8584246 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice cultivated under rainfed or semi-irrigated ecosystems is frequently exposed to a combination of drought and heat stress. As a sensitive crop at the reproductive stage, exposure to combined drought and heat stress will have a deleterious effect on yield. In this study, two rice cultivars with contrasting spikelet sterility, AVT2-5315 (low sterility) and AC35027 (high sterility), under combined stress were selected for physiological characterization and phytohormonal profiling at anthesis. Under combined stress, both cultivars did not differ in the physiological parameters such as relative water content, photosynthetic rate, light-adapted chlorophyll fluorescence and biomass, suggesting a similar source activity under stress. However, AVT2-5315 showed better yield due to better pollen and spikelet fertility than AC35027, suggesting its intrinsic tolerance ability under combined stress. Targeted profiling of 15 phytohormones from drought, heat and combined stress-treated flag leaf and spikelet tissues using LC–MS/MS showed increased accumulation of auxins (indole 3-acetic acid and indole 3-butyric acid) in flag leaves and jasmonic acid in spikelets of AVT2-5315, while there was increased accumulation of ethylene in flag leaves and methyl-jasmonate in spikelets of AC35027. Increased accumulation of these hormones correlated with key biosynthetic pathway genes. In the flag leaves, increased accumulation of auxins was correlated with increased transcript levels of YUCCA-like gene 1 (OsYUCCA1) and fish bone (OsFIB), in AVT2-5315 under combined stress. In AC35027, increased ethylene content was correlated with expression of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 1 (OsASC1) and aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase 2 (OsACO2). Similarly, in spikelets, increased accumulation of jasmonic acid in AVT2-5315 was correlated with expression of allene oxide cyclase (OsAOC) and 12-oxophytodienoic acid reductase 1 (OsOPR1). The mechanism of regulating spikelet sterility by these hormones needs further investigation towards improving rice tolerance to combined stress.
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23
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Chen K, Łyskowski A, Jaremko Ł, Jaremko M. Genetic and Molecular Factors Determining Grain Weight in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:605799. [PMID: 34322138 PMCID: PMC8313227 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.605799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Grain weight is one of the major factors determining single plant yield production of rice and other cereal crops. Research has begun to reveal the regulatory mechanisms underlying grain weight as well as grain size, highlighting the importance of this research for plant molecular biology. The developmental trait of grain weight is affected by multiple molecular and genetic aspects that lead to dynamic changes in cell division, expansion and differentiation. Additionally, several important biological pathways contribute to grain weight, such as ubiquitination, phytohormones, G-proteins, photosynthesis, epigenetic modifications and microRNAs. Our review integrates early and more recent findings, and provides future perspectives for how a more complete understanding of grain weight can optimize strategies for improving yield production. It is surprising that the acquired wealth of knowledge has not revealed more insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms. To accelerating molecular breeding of rice and other cereals is becoming an emergent and critical task for agronomists. Lastly, we highlighted the importance of leveraging gene editing technologies as well as structural studies for future rice breeding applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Chen
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Andrzej Łyskowski
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Łukasz Jaremko
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Kawakatsu T, Teramoto S, Takayasu S, Maruyama N, Nishijima R, Kitomi Y, Uga Y. The transcriptomic landscapes of rice cultivars with diverse root system architectures grown in upland field conditions. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 106:1177-1190. [PMID: 33751672 DOI: 10.1101/2020.12.11.421685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Root system architecture affects plant drought resistance and other key agronomic traits such as lodging. However, although phenotypic and genomic variation has been extensively analyzed, few field studies have integrated phenotypic and transcriptomic information, particularly for below-ground traits such as root system architecture. Here, we report the phenotypic and transcriptomic landscape of 61 rice (Oryza sativa) accessions with highly diverse below-ground traits grown in an upland field. We found that four principal components explained the phenotypic variation and that accessions could be classified into four subpopulations (indica, aus, japonica and admixed) based on their tiller numbers and crown root diameters. Transcriptome analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes associated with specific subpopulations were enriched with stress response-related genes, suggesting that subpopulations have distinct stress response mechanisms. Root growth was negatively correlated with auxin-inducible genes, suggesting an association between auxin signaling and upland field conditions. A negative correlation between crown root diameter and stress response-related genes suggested that thicker crown root diameter is associated with resistance to mild drought stress. Finally, co-expression network analysis implemented with DNA affinity purification followed by sequencing analysis identified phytohormone signaling networks and key transcription factors negatively regulating crown root diameter. Our datasets provide a useful resource for understanding the genomic and transcriptomic basis of phenotypic variation under upland field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiji Kawakatsu
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture & Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan
| | - Shota Teramoto
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture & Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan
| | - Satoko Takayasu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture & Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan
| | - Natsuko Maruyama
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture & Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Faculty of Medicine Graduate School, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Ryo Nishijima
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture & Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan
| | - Yuka Kitomi
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture & Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan
| | - Yusaku Uga
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture & Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan
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25
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Kawakatsu T, Teramoto S, Takayasu S, Maruyama N, Nishijima R, Kitomi Y, Uga Y. The transcriptomic landscapes of rice cultivars with diverse root system architectures grown in upland field conditions. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 106:1177-1190. [PMID: 33751672 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Root system architecture affects plant drought resistance and other key agronomic traits such as lodging. However, although phenotypic and genomic variation has been extensively analyzed, few field studies have integrated phenotypic and transcriptomic information, particularly for below-ground traits such as root system architecture. Here, we report the phenotypic and transcriptomic landscape of 61 rice (Oryza sativa) accessions with highly diverse below-ground traits grown in an upland field. We found that four principal components explained the phenotypic variation and that accessions could be classified into four subpopulations (indica, aus, japonica and admixed) based on their tiller numbers and crown root diameters. Transcriptome analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes associated with specific subpopulations were enriched with stress response-related genes, suggesting that subpopulations have distinct stress response mechanisms. Root growth was negatively correlated with auxin-inducible genes, suggesting an association between auxin signaling and upland field conditions. A negative correlation between crown root diameter and stress response-related genes suggested that thicker crown root diameter is associated with resistance to mild drought stress. Finally, co-expression network analysis implemented with DNA affinity purification followed by sequencing analysis identified phytohormone signaling networks and key transcription factors negatively regulating crown root diameter. Our datasets provide a useful resource for understanding the genomic and transcriptomic basis of phenotypic variation under upland field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiji Kawakatsu
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture & Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan
| | - Shota Teramoto
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture & Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan
| | - Satoko Takayasu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture & Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan
| | - Natsuko Maruyama
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture & Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Faculty of Medicine Graduate School, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Ryo Nishijima
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture & Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan
| | - Yuka Kitomi
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture & Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan
| | - Yusaku Uga
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture & Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan
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26
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Zhang L, Feng P, Deng Y, Yin W, Wan Y, Lei T, He G, Wang N. Decreased Vascular Bundle 1 affects mitochondrial and plant development in rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 14:13. [PMID: 33492479 PMCID: PMC7835275 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-021-00454-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria are vital regulators of plant growth and development, constitute the predominant source of ATP, and participate in multiple anabolic and catabolic metabolic pathways. But the mechanism by which dysfunctional mitochondria affect plant growth remains unknown, and more mitochondria-defective mutants need to be identified. RESULTS A mitochondria-defective mutant decreased vascular bundle 1 (dvb1) was isolated from rice mutant library mutagenized by EMS (ethylmethane sulfonate), which shows dwarfism, narrow leaves, short branches, few vascular bundles, and low fertility. Map-based cloning, genetic complementation, and phylogenetic analysis revealed that DVB1 encodes a structural protein classified in the Mic10 family and is required for the formation of cristae in mitochondria, and was primarily expressed in vascular bundles. The DVB1 protein is partially localized in the mitochondria and capable of forming dimers and polymers. Comparing with the wild type, disruption of amino acid metabolism and increased auxin synthesis were observed in dvb1 mutant which also showed increased sensitivity to the mitochondrial electron transport inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS DVB1 belongs to Mic10 family and DVB1 is partially localized in the mitochondria. Further studies indicated that DVB1 is important for mitochondrial and plant development in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ping Feng
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yao Deng
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Wuzhong Yin
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yingchun Wan
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Guanghua He
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Nan Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Betti C, Della Rovere F, Piacentini D, Fattorini L, Falasca G, Altamura MM. Jasmonates, Ethylene and Brassinosteroids Control Adventitious and Lateral Rooting as Stress Avoidance Responses to Heavy Metals and Metalloids. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11010077. [PMID: 33435585 PMCID: PMC7827588 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental and environmental signaling networks often converge during plant growth in response to changing conditions. Stress-induced hormones, such as jasmonates (JAs), can influence growth by crosstalk with other signals like brassinosteroids (BRs) and ethylene (ET). Nevertheless, it is unclear how avoidance of an abiotic stress triggers local changes in development as a response. It is known that stress hormones like JAs/ET and BRs can regulate the division rate of cells from the first asymmetric cell divisions (ACDs) in meristems, suggesting that stem cell activation may take part in developmental changes as a stress-avoidance-induced response. The root system is a prime responder to stress conditions in soil. Together with the primary root and lateral roots (LRs), adventitious roots (ARs) are necessary for survival in numerous plant species. AR and LR formation is affected by soil pollution, causing substantial root architecture changes by either depressing or enhancing rooting as a stress avoidance/survival response. Here, a detailed overview of the crosstalk between JAs, ET, BRs, and the stress mediator nitric oxide (NO) in auxin-induced AR and LR formation, with/without cadmium and arsenic, is presented. Interactions essential in achieving a balance between growth and adaptation to Cd and As soil pollution to ensure survival are reviewed here in the model species Arabidopsis and rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Betti
- Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Piazzale Menghini 8/9, 06132 Perugia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-075-5782402
| | - Federica Della Rovere
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.R.); (D.P.); (L.F.); (G.F.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Diego Piacentini
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.R.); (D.P.); (L.F.); (G.F.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Laura Fattorini
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.R.); (D.P.); (L.F.); (G.F.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Giuseppina Falasca
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.R.); (D.P.); (L.F.); (G.F.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Maria Maddalena Altamura
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.R.); (D.P.); (L.F.); (G.F.); (M.M.A.)
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Raza A, Su W, Hussain MA, Mehmood SS, Zhang X, Cheng Y, Zou X, Lv Y. Integrated Analysis of Metabolome and Transcriptome Reveals Insights for Cold Tolerance in Rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:721681. [PMID: 34691103 PMCID: PMC8532563 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.721681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is an important oilseed crop in the world. Its productivity is significantly influenced by numerous abiotic stresses, including cold stress (CS). Consequently, enhancement in CS tolerance is becoming an important area for agricultural investigation and crop improvement. Therefore, the current study aimed to identify the stress-responsive genes, metabolites, and metabolic pathways based on a combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis to understand the CS responses and tolerance mechanisms in the cold-tolerant (C18) and cold-sensitive (C6) rapeseed varieties. Based on the metabolome analysis, 31 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were identified between different comparisons of both varieties at the same time points. From the transcriptome analysis, 2,845, 3,358, and 2,819 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected from the comparison of C6-0 vs. C18-0, C6-1 vs. C18-1, and C6-7 vs. C18-7. By combining the transcriptome and metabolome data sets, we found that numerous DAMs were strongly correlated with several differentially expressed genes (DEGs). A functional enrichment analysis of the DAMs and the correlated DEGs specified that most DEGs and DAMs were mainly enriched in diverse carbohydrates and amino acid metabolisms. Among them, starch and sucrose metabolism and phenylalanine metabolism were significantly enriched and played a vital role in the CS adaption of rapeseed. Six candidate genes were selected from the two pathways for controlling the adaption to low temperature. In a further validation, the T-DNA insertion mutants of their Arabidopsis homologous, including 4cl3, cel5, fruct4, ugp1, axs1, and bam2/9, were characterized and six lines differed significantly in levels of freezing tolerance. The outcome of the current study provided new prospects for the understanding of the molecular basis of CS responses and tolerance mechanisms in rapeseed and present a set of candidate genes for use in improving CS adaptability in the same plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Su
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Wuhan, China
| | - Muhammad Azhar Hussain
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Wuhan, China
| | - Sundas Saher Mehmood
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Wuhan, China
| | - Xuekun Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland of Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Wuhan, China
| | - Xiling Zou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Lv
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Lv
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Kantharaj V, Ramasamy NK, Yoon YE, Cheong MS, Kim YN, Lee KA, Kumar V, Choe H, Kim SY, Chohra H, Lee YB. Auxin-Glucose Conjugation Protects the Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) Seedlings Against Hydroxyurea-Induced Phytotoxicity by Activating UDP-Glucosyltransferase Enzyme. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:767044. [PMID: 35251058 PMCID: PMC8888425 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.767044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyurea (HU) is the replication stress known to carry out cell cycle arrest by inhibiting ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) enzyme upon generating excess hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in plants. Phytohormones undergo synergistic and antagonistic interactions with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and redox signaling to protect plants against biotic and abiotic stress. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the protective role of Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in mitigating HU-induced toxicity in rice seedlings. The results showed that IAA augmentation improved the growth of the seedlings and biomass production by maintaining photosynthesis metabolism under HU stress. This was associated with reduced H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and improved antioxidant enzyme [superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD)] activity that was significantly affected under HU stress. Furthermore, we showed that the HU stress-induced DNA damage leads to the activation of uridine 5'-diphosphate-glucosyltransferase (UGT), which mediates auxin homeostasis by catalyzing IAA-glucose conjugation in rice. This IAA-glucose conjugation upregulates the RNR, transcription factor 2 (E2F2), cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK), and cyclin (CYC) genes that are vital for DNA replication and cell division. As a result, perturbed IAA homeostasis significantly enhanced the key phytohormones, such as abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), cytokinin (CTK), and gibberellic acid (GA), that alter plant architecture by improving growth and development. Collectively, our results contribute to a better understanding of the physiological and molecular mechanisms underpinning improved growth following the HU + IAA combination, activated by phytohormone and ROS crosstalk upon hormone conjugation via UGT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vimalraj Kantharaj
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | | | - Young-Eun Yoon
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Mi Sun Cheong
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Young-Nam Kim
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Keum-Ah Lee
- Department of Smart Agro-Industry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Vikranth Kumar
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Hyeonji Choe
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Song Yeob Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Hadjer Chohra
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Yong Bok Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Yong Bok Lee,
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Lo S, Cheng M, Hsing YC, Chen Y, Lee K, Hong Y, Hsiao Y, Hsiao A, Chen P, Wong L, Chen N, Reuzeau C, Ho TD, Yu S. Rice Big Grain 1 promotes cell division to enhance organ development, stress tolerance and grain yield. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 18:1969-1983. [PMID: 32034845 PMCID: PMC7415788 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Grain/seed yield and plant stress tolerance are two major traits that determine the yield potential of many crops. In cereals, grain size is one of the key factors affecting grain yield. Here, we identify and characterize a newly discovered gene Rice Big Grain 1 (RBG1) that regulates grain and organ development, as well as abiotic stress tolerance. Ectopic expression of RBG1 leads to significant increases in the size of not only grains but also other major organs such as roots, shoots and panicles. Increased grain size is primarily due to elevated cell numbers rather than cell enlargement. RBG1 is preferentially expressed in meristematic and proliferating tissues. Ectopic expression of RBG1 promotes cell division, and RBG1 co-localizes with microtubules known to be involved in cell division, which may account for the increase in organ size. Ectopic expression of RBG1 also increases auxin accumulation and sensitivity, which facilitates root development, particularly crown roots. Moreover, overexpression of RBG1 up-regulated a large number of heat-shock proteins, leading to enhanced tolerance to heat, osmotic and salt stresses, as well as rapid recovery from water-deficit stress. Ectopic expression of RBG1 regulated by a specific constitutive promoter, GOS2, enhanced harvest index and grain yield in rice. Taken together, we have discovered that RBG1 regulates two distinct and important traits in rice, namely grain yield and stress tolerance, via its effects on cell division, auxin and stress protein induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuen‐Fang Lo
- Institute of Molecular BiologyAcademia SinicaNankangTaipeiTaiwan, ROC
- Biotechnology CenterNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan, ROC
| | - Ming‐Lung Cheng
- Institute of Molecular BiologyAcademia SinicaNankangTaipeiTaiwan, ROC
- Department of Life SciencesNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan, ROC
| | | | - Yi‐Shih Chen
- Institute of Molecular BiologyAcademia SinicaNankangTaipeiTaiwan, ROC
| | - Kuo‐Wei Lee
- Institute of Molecular BiologyAcademia SinicaNankangTaipeiTaiwan, ROC
| | - Ya‐Fang Hong
- Institute of Plant and Microbial BiologyAcademia SinicaNankangTaipeiTaiwan, ROC
| | - Yu Hsiao
- Institute of Molecular BiologyAcademia SinicaNankangTaipeiTaiwan, ROC
| | - An‐Shan Hsiao
- Institute of Plant and Microbial BiologyAcademia SinicaNankangTaipeiTaiwan, ROC
| | - Pei‐Jing Chen
- Institute of Molecular BiologyAcademia SinicaNankangTaipeiTaiwan, ROC
- Biotechnology CenterNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan, ROC
| | - Lai‐In Wong
- Institute of Molecular BiologyAcademia SinicaNankangTaipeiTaiwan, ROC
- Biotechnology CenterNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan, ROC
| | - Nan‐Chen Chen
- Institute of Molecular BiologyAcademia SinicaNankangTaipeiTaiwan, ROC
- Institute of Plant and Microbial BiologyAcademia SinicaNankangTaipeiTaiwan, ROC
| | | | - Tuan‐Hua David Ho
- Biotechnology CenterNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan, ROC
- Department of Life SciencesNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan, ROC
- Institute of Plant and Microbial BiologyAcademia SinicaNankangTaipeiTaiwan, ROC
- Department of Life SciencesNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan, ROC
| | - Su‐May Yu
- Institute of Molecular BiologyAcademia SinicaNankangTaipeiTaiwan, ROC
- Biotechnology CenterNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan, ROC
- Department of Life SciencesNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan, ROC
- Department of Life SciencesNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan, ROC
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Piacentini D, Della Rovere F, Sofo A, Fattorini L, Falasca G, Altamura MM. Nitric Oxide Cooperates With Auxin to Mitigate the Alterations in the Root System Caused by Cadmium and Arsenic. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1182. [PMID: 32849732 PMCID: PMC7419627 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Oryza sativa L. is a worldwide food-crop frequently growing in cadmium (Cd)/arsenic (As) polluted soils, with its root-system as the first target of the pollutants. Root-system development involves the establishment of optimal indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) levels, also requiring the conversion of the IAA natural precursor indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) into IAA, causing nitric oxide (NO) formation. Nitric oxide is a stress-signaling molecule. In rice, a negative interaction of Cd or As with endogenous auxin has been demonstrated, as some NO protective effects. However, a synergism between the natural auxins (IAA and/or IBA) and NO was not yet determined and might be important for ameliorating rice metal(oid)-tolerance. With this aim, the stress caused by Cd/As toxicity in the root cells and the possible recovery by either NO or auxins (IAA/IBA) were evaluated after Cd or As (arsenate) exposure, combined or not with the NO-donor compound sodium-nitroprusside (SNP). Root fresh weight, membrane electrolyte leakage, and H2O2 production were also measured. Moreover, endogenous IAA/IBA contents, transcription-levels of OsYUCCA1 and OsASA2 IAA-biosynthetic-genes, and expression of the IAA-influx-carrier OsAUX1 and the IAA-responsive DR5::GUS construct were analyzed, and NO-epifluorescence levels were measured. Results showed that membrane injury by enhanced electrolyte leakage occurred under both pollutants and was reduced by the treatment with SNP only in Cd-presence. By contrast, no membrane injury was caused by either exogenous NO or IAA or IBA. Cd- and As-toxicity also resulted into a decreased root fresh weight, mitigated by the combination of each pollutant with either IAA or IBA. Cd and As decreased the endogenous NO-content, increased H2O2 formation, and altered auxin biosynthesis, levels and distribution in both adventitious (ARs) and mainly lateral roots (LRs). The SNP-formed NO counteracted the pollutants' effects on auxin distribution/levels, reduced H2O2 formation in Cd-presence, and enhanced AUX1-expression, mainly in As-presence. Each exogenous auxin, but mainly IBA, combined with Cd or As at 10 µM, mitigated the pollutants' effects by increasing LR-production and by increasing NO-content in the case of Cd. Altogether, results demonstrate that NO and auxin(s) work together in the rice root system to counteract the specific toxic-effects of each pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Piacentini
- Department of Environmental Biology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Adriano Sofo
- Department of European and Mediterranean Cultures: Architecture, Environment, and Cultural Heritage (DICEM), University of Basilicata, Matera, Italy
| | - Laura Fattorini
- Department of Environmental Biology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Falasca
- Department of Environmental Biology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Zheng C, Zhou J, Zhang F, Yin J, Zhou G, Li Y, Chen F, Xie X. OsABAR1, a novel GRAM domain-containing protein, confers drought and salt tolerance via an ABA-dependent pathway in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 152:138-146. [PMID: 32416343 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Glucosyltransferases-like GTPase activators and Myotubularin (GRAM) domain-containing proteins are important for plant development and responses to biotic stresses. However, the effects of GRAM proteins on abiotic stress responses remain unclear. In this study, we identified a novel GRAM protein-encoding gene, OsABAR1, and characterized its regulatory functions related to rice drought and salt tolerance. The OsABAR1 protein was localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Among all examined organs, the OsABAR1 transcript level was highest in the roots. Moreover, OsABAR1 expression was up-regulated by drought and salinity stresses. The OsABAR1-overexpressing (OsABAR1-OX) lines exhibited enhanced tolerance to drought and salinity, whereas the knock-out lines (Osabar1) had the opposite phenotypes. We further analyzed the involvement of OsABAR1 in the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway. The OsABAR1 expression level was up-regulated by ABA. In turn, OsABAR1 regulated the expression of ABA metabolic genes and responsive genes. Furthermore, OsABAR1-OX seedlings were hypersensitive to exogenous ABA, whereas Osabar1 seedlings were hyposensitive. These results imply that OsABAR1 is a positive regulator of the ABA pathway and confirm that OsABAR1 improves rice drought and salt tolerance via an ABA-dependent pathway. This study is the first to clarify the regulatory roles of GRAM proteins in rice responses to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongke Zheng
- Shandong Rice Engineering Technology Research Center, Shandong Rice Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, PR China.
| | - Jinjun Zhou
- Shandong Rice Engineering Technology Research Center, Shandong Rice Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, PR China.
| | - Fang Zhang
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| | - Jingjing Yin
- Shandong Rice Engineering Technology Research Center, Shandong Rice Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, PR China.
| | - Guanhua Zhou
- Shandong Rice Engineering Technology Research Center, Shandong Rice Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, PR China.
| | - Yaping Li
- Shandong Rice Engineering Technology Research Center, Shandong Rice Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, PR China; College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China.
| | - Fan Chen
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| | - Xianzhi Xie
- Shandong Rice Engineering Technology Research Center, Shandong Rice Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, PR China.
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Guo T, Chen K, Dong NQ, Ye WW, Shan JX, Lin HX. Tillering and small grain 1 dominates the tryptophan aminotransferase family required for local auxin biosynthesis in rice. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 62:581-600. [PMID: 31081210 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Auxin is a crucial phytohormone, controlling multiple aspects of plant growth and responses to the changing environment. However, the role of local auxin biosynthesis in specific developmental programs remains unknown in crops. This study characterized the rice tillering and small grain 1 (tsg1) mutant, which has more tillers but a smaller panicle and grain size resulting from a reduction in endogenous auxin. TSG1 encodes a tryptophan aminotransferase that is allelic to the FISH BONE (FIB) gene. The tsg1 mutant showed hypersensitivity to indole-3-acetic acid and the competitive inhibitor of aminotransferase, L-kynurenine. TSG1 knockout resulted in an increased tiller number but reduction in grain number and size, and decrease in height. Meanwhile, deletion of the TSG1 homologs OsTAR1, OsTARL1, and OsTARL2 caused no obvious changes, although the phenotype of the TSG1/OsTAR1 double mutant was intensified and infertile, suggesting gene redundancy in the rice tryptophan aminotransferase family. Interestingly, TSG1 and OsTAR1, but not OsTARL1 and OsTARL2, displayed marked aminotransferase activity. Meanwhile, subcellular localization was identified as the endoplasmic reticulum, while phylogenetic analysis revealed functional divergence of TSG1 and OsTAR1 from OsTARL1 and OsTARL2. These findings suggest that TSG1 dominates the tryptophan aminotransferase family, playing a prominent role in local auxin biosynthesis in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ke Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Nai-Qian Dong
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wang-Wei Ye
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jun-Xiang Shan
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hong-Xuan Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
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Khuong NQ, Kantachote D, Nookongbut P, Onthong J, Thanh Xuan LN, Sukhoom A. Mechanisms of acid-resistant Rhodopseudomonas palustris strains to ameliorate acidic stress and promote plant growth. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wu YS, Yang CY. Comprehensive Transcriptomic Analysis of Auxin Responses in Submerged Rice Coleoptile Growth. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1292. [PMID: 32075118 PMCID: PMC7072898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cultivating rice in wet or water direct seeding systems is simple and time and labor efficient. Rice (Oryza sativa) seeds are a unique cereal that can germinate not only when submerged, but also in anoxic conditions. Many complicated hormone signals interact in submerged seed germination. Ethylene is involved in rice coleoptile elongation, but little is known regarding the role of auxin signaling under submergence. This study demonstrated that the coleoptile is shorter and curlier when submerged with 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA). In transcriptomic analysis, 3448 of the 31,860 genes were upregulated, and 4360 genes were downregulated with submergence and TIBA treatment. The Gene Ontology function classification results demonstrated that upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly involved in redox, stress, and signal transduction, whereas the down-regulated DEGs were mainly involved in RNA transcription, stress, and development. Furthermore, auxin signaling involved in the carbohydrate metabolism pathway was demonstrated while using transcriptomic analysis and confirmed in a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. In addition, the transcript levels of development-related genes and mitochondria-electron- transport-related genes were regulated by auxin signaling under submergence. Auxin signaling was not only involved in regulating rice coleoptile elongation and development, but also regulated secondary metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and mitochondria electron transport under submergence. Our results presented that auxin signaling plays an important role during rice coleoptile elongation upon the submergence condition and improving the advance of research of direct rice seeding system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sian Wu
- Department of Agronomy, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan;
| | - Chin-Ying Yang
- Department of Agronomy, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan;
- Pervasive AI Research (PAIR) Labs, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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Nelissen H, Gonzalez N. Understanding plant organ growth: a multidisciplinary field. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:7-10. [PMID: 31725876 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hilde Nelissen
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark, Gent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Technologiepark, Gent, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Gonzalez
- INRA, UMR1332 Biologie du fruit et Pathologie, INRA Bordeaux Aquitaine, CS20032, F-33882, Villenave d'Ornon cedex, France
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Chen SY, Lai MH, Tung CW, Wu DH, Chang FY, Lin TC, Chung CL. Genome-wide association mapping of gene loci affecting disease resistance in the rice-Fusarium fujikuroi pathosystem. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 12:85. [PMID: 31754813 PMCID: PMC6872702 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-019-0337-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice bakanae disease has emerged as a new threat to rice production. In recent years, an increase in the occurrence and severity of bakanae disease has been reported in several areas in Asia. Although bakanae disease affects rice yield and quality, little is known about the genetics of bakanae resistance in rice. The lack of large-scale screens for bakanae resistance in rice germplasm has also limited the development and deployment of resistant varieties. RESULTS A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted to identify genes/loci conferring bakanae resistance in rice. A total of 231 diverse accessions from Rice Diversity Panel 1 (RDP1) were inoculated with a highly virulent Taiwanese Fusarium fujikuroi isolate and assessed for resistance using two parameters: (1) disease severity index based on visual rating and (2) colonization rate determined by reisolation of F. fujikuroi from the basal stems of infected rice seedlings. We identified 14 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) (10 for disease severity and 4 for colonization rate), including 1 mapped for both parameters. A total of 206 candidate genes were identified within the 14 QTLs, including genes encoding leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-containing and NB-ARC (nucleotide-binding adaptor shared by APAF-1, R proteins, and CED-4) proteins, hormone-related genes, transcription factor genes, ubiquitination-related genes, and oxidase/oxidoreductase genes. In addition, a candidate QTL (qBK1.7) that co-localized with the previously identified QTLs qBK1 and qFfR1, was verified by linkage analysis using a population of 132 recombinant inbred lines derived from IR64 x Nipponbare. GWAS delineated qBK1.7 to a region of 8239 bp containing three genes. Full-length sequencing across qBK1.7 in 20 rice accessions revealed that the coding regions of two LRR-containing genes Os01g0601625 and Os01g0601675 may be associated with bakanae resistance. CONCLUSIONS This study facilitates the exploitation of bakanae resistance resources in RDP1. The information on the resistance performance of 231 rice accessions and 14 candidate QTLs will aid efforts to breed resistance to bakanae and uncover resistance mechanisms. Quantification of the level of F. fujikuroi colonization in addition to the conventional rating of visual symptoms offers new insights into the genetics of bakanae resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Yu Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei City, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsin Lai
- Crop Science Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, No. 189, Zhongzheng Rd., Wufeng Dist., Taichung City, 41362 Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Tung
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei City, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Dong-Hong Wu
- Crop Science Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, No. 189, Zhongzheng Rd., Wufeng Dist., Taichung City, 41362 Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yu Chang
- Kaohsiung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, No.2-6, Dehe Rd., Changzhi Township, Pingtung County, 90846 Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chun Lin
- Plant Pathology Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, No. 189, Zhongzheng Rd., Wufeng Dist., Taichung City, 41362 Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Chung
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei City, 10617 Taiwan
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Ye CY, Tang W, Wu D, Jia L, Qiu J, Chen M, Mao L, Lin F, Xu H, Yu X, Lu Y, Wang Y, Olsen KM, Timko MP, Fan L. Genomic evidence of human selection on Vavilovian mimicry. Nat Ecol Evol 2019; 3:1474-1482. [PMID: 31527731 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-019-0976-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Vavilovian mimicry is an evolutionary process by which weeds evolve to resemble domesticated crop plants and is thought to be the result of unintentional selection by humans. Unravelling its molecular mechanisms will extend our knowledge of mimicry and contribute to our understanding of the origin and evolution of agricultural weeds, an important component of crop biology. To this end, we compared mimetic and non-mimetic populations of Echinochloa crus-galli from the Yangtze River basin phenotypically and by genome resequencing, and we show that this weed in rice paddies has evolved a small tiller angle, allowing it to phenocopy cultivated rice at the seedling stage. We demonstrate that mimetic lines evolved from the non-mimetic population as recently as 1,000 yr ago and were subject to a genetic bottleneck, and that genomic regions containing 87 putative plant architecture-related genes (including LAZY1, a key gene controlling plant tiller angle) were under selection during the mimicry process. Our data provide genome-level evidence for the action of human selection on Vavilovian mimicry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Yu Ye
- Institute of Crop Sciences and Institute of Bioinformatics, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongya Wu
- Institute of Crop Sciences and Institute of Bioinformatics, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Jia
- Institute of Crop Sciences and Institute of Bioinformatics, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Qiu
- Institute of Crop Sciences and Institute of Bioinformatics, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meihong Chen
- Institute of Crop Sciences and Institute of Bioinformatics, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingfeng Mao
- Institute of Crop Sciences and Institute of Bioinformatics, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Institute of Crop Sciences and Institute of Bioinformatics, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiming Xu
- Institute of Crop Sciences and Institute of Bioinformatics, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyue Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yonghong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kenneth M Olsen
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael P Timko
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Longjiang Fan
- Institute of Crop Sciences and Institute of Bioinformatics, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Ma J, Pei W, Ma Q, Geng Y, Liu G, Liu J, Cui Y, Zhang X, Wu M, Li X, Li D, Zang X, Song J, Tang S, Zhang J, Yu S, Yu J. QTL analysis and candidate gene identification for plant height in cotton based on an interspecific backcross inbred line population of Gossypium hirsutum × Gossypium barbadense. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2019; 132:2663-2676. [PMID: 31236630 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03380-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We constructed the first high-quality and high-density genetic linkage map for an interspecific BIL population in cotton by specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing for QTL mapping. A novel gene GhPIN3 for plant height was identified in cotton. Ideal plant height (PH) is important for improving lint yield and mechanized harvesting in cotton. Most published genetic studies on cotton have focused on fibre yield and quality traits rather than PH. To facilitate the understanding of the genetic basis in PH, an interspecific backcross inbred line (BIL) population of 250 lines derived from upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) CRI36 and Egyptian cotton (G. barbadense L.) Hai7124 was used to construct a high-density genetic linkage map for quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping. The high-density genetic map harboured 7,709 genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS)-based single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers that covered 3,433.24 cM with a mean marker interval of 0.67 cM. In total, ten PH QTLs were identified and each explained 4.27-14.92% of the phenotypic variation, four of which were stable as they were mapped in at least two tests or based on best linear unbiased prediction in seven field tests. Based on functional annotation of orthologues in Arabidopsis and transcriptome data for the genes within the stable QTL regions, GhPIN3 encoding for the hormone auxin efflux carrier protein was identified as a candidate gene located in the stable QTL qPH-Dt1-1 region. A qRT-PCR analysis showed that the expression level of GhPIN3 in apical tissues was significantly higher in four short-statured cotton genotypes than that in four tall-statured cotton genotypes. Virus-induced gene silencing cotton has significantly increased PH when the expression of the GhPIN3 gene was suppressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjiang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
- College of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shanxi, China
| | - Wenfeng Pei
- Xinjiang Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830001, China
| | - Qifeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Yanhui Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Guoyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Ji Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Yupeng Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Man Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xingli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - XinShan Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Jikun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Shurong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Jinfa Zhang
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, 880033, USA.
| | - Shuxun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China.
- College of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shanxi, China.
| | - Jiwen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China.
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Basunia MA, Nonhebel HM. Hormonal regulation of cereal endosperm development with a focus on rice (Oryza sativa). FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2019; 46:493-506. [PMID: 30955506 DOI: 10.1071/fp18323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The endosperm of cereal grain forms the staple diet for most of the world's population, and feeds much of their stock. Grain size and quality are determined largely by events taking place during coenocytic nuclear division, endosperm cellularisation and cell differentiation, and the production of storage molecules. Thus, understanding the complex signalling processes occurring at each of these steps is essential for maintaining and improving our food supply. Here, we critically review evidence for the effects of phytohormones on grain size, as well as hormone homeostasis, signalling and crosstalk. We focus on rice endosperm due to the importance of rice as a food crop and a model grass, as well as its relative neglect in recent reviews; however, data from other cereals are also discussed due to strong evidence for conserved signalling networks operating during grain development. Discussion is restricted to auxin, cytokinin, ethylene, abscisic acid and gibberellin. Our review highlights the need for accurate hormone determinations combined with information on gene expression. We present evidence for separate, localised signalling roles for auxin at different stages of grain development and highlight key research questions for other hormones where much less data are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mafroz A Basunia
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2350, Australia
| | - Heather M Nonhebel
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2350, Australia; and Corresponding author.
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41
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Yang XF, Li LL, Xu Y, Kong CH. Kin recognition in rice (Oryza sativa) lines. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 220:567-578. [PMID: 29956839 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Kin recognition is an important mediator of interactions within individuals of a species. Despite increasing evidence of kin recognition in natural plant populations, relatively little is known about kin recognition in crop species where numerous cultivars have been generated by artificial selection. We identified rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars with the ability for kin recognition from two sets of indica-inbred and indica-hybrid lines at different levels of genetic relatedness. We then assessed this ability among kin and nonkin and tested potential mechanisms in a series of controlled experiments and field trails. Rice cultivars with the ability for kin recognition were capable of detecting the presence of kin and nonkin and responded to them by altering root behavior and biomass allocation, particularly for grain yield. Furthermore, we assessed the role of root exudates and found a root-secreted nitrogen-rich allantoin component to be responsible for kin recognition in rice lines. Kin recognition in rice lines mediated by root exudates occurs in a cultivar-dependent manner. Rice cultivars with the ability for kin recognition may increase grain yield in the presence of kin. Such an improvement of grain yield by kin recognition of cultivar mixtures offers many implications and applications in rice production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Fang Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lei-Lei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - You Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chui-Hua Kong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Yuan H, Zhao L, Chen J, Yang Y, Xu D, Tao S, Zheng S, Shen Y, He Y, Shen C, Yan D, Zheng B. Identification and expression profiling of the Aux/IAA gene family in Chinese hickory (Carya cathayensis Sarg.) during the grafting process. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 127:55-63. [PMID: 29549758 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Auxin is an essential regulator in various aspects of organism growth and development. Members of the Aux/IAA family of genes encode short-lived nuclear proteins and mediate the responses of auxin-regulated gene expression. Here, the first identification and characterization of 22 cDNAs encoding the open reading frame of the Aux/IAA family in Chinese hickory (named as CcIAA) has been performed. The proteins encoded by these genes contain four whole or partially conserved domains of the Aux/IAA family. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that CcIAAs were unevenly distributed among eight different subgroups. The spatio-specific expression profiles showed that most of the CcIAAs preferentially expressed in specific tissues. Three CcIAA genes, including CcIAA11, CcIAA27a2 and CcIAAx, were predominantly expressed in stem. The predominant expression of CcIAA genes in stems might play important roles in vascular reconnection during the graft process. Furthermore, expression profiles of Aux/IAA genes during the grafting process of Chinese hickory have been analysed. Our data suggested that 19 CcIAAs were down-regulated and 3 CcIAAs (including CcIAA28, CcIAA8a and CcIAA27b) were induced, indicating their specializations during the grafting process. The involvement of CcIAA genes at the early stage after grafting gives us an opportunity to understand the role of auxin signalling in the grafting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huwei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Center for Cultivation of Subtropical Forest Resources (CCSFR), Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Center for Cultivation of Subtropical Forest Resources (CCSFR), Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Juanjuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Center for Cultivation of Subtropical Forest Resources (CCSFR), Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Center for Cultivation of Subtropical Forest Resources (CCSFR), Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Dongbin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Center for Cultivation of Subtropical Forest Resources (CCSFR), Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Shenchen Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Center for Cultivation of Subtropical Forest Resources (CCSFR), Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Shan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Center for Cultivation of Subtropical Forest Resources (CCSFR), Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Yirui Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Center for Cultivation of Subtropical Forest Resources (CCSFR), Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Yi He
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Center for Cultivation of Subtropical Forest Resources (CCSFR), Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Chenjia Shen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Daoliang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Center for Cultivation of Subtropical Forest Resources (CCSFR), Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Bingsong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Center for Cultivation of Subtropical Forest Resources (CCSFR), Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
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Luo J, Zhou JJ, Zhang JZ. Aux/IAA Gene Family in Plants: Molecular Structure, Regulation, and Function. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010259. [PMID: 29337875 PMCID: PMC5796205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Auxin plays a crucial role in the diverse cellular and developmental responses of plants across their lifespan. Plants can quickly sense and respond to changes in auxin levels, and these responses involve several major classes of auxin-responsive genes, including the Auxin/Indole-3-Acetic Acid (Aux/IAA) family, the auxin response factor (ARF) family, small auxin upregulated RNA (SAUR), and the auxin-responsive Gretchen Hagen3 (GH3) family. Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived nuclear proteins comprising several highly conserved domains that are encoded by the auxin early response gene family. These proteins have specific domains that interact with ARFs and inhibit the transcription of genes activated by ARFs. Molecular studies have revealed that Aux/IAA family members can form diverse dimers with ARFs to regulate genes in various ways. Functional analyses of Aux/IAA family members have indicated that they have various roles in plant development, such as root development, shoot growth, and fruit ripening. In this review, recently discovered details regarding the molecular characteristics, regulation, and protein-protein interactions of the Aux/IAA proteins are discussed. These details provide new insights into the molecular basis of the Aux/IAA protein functions in plant developmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Luo
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry Information, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Jing-Jing Zhou
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry Information, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Jin-Zhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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