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Patil P, Vankani A, Sawant K. Design, optimization and characterization of atorvastatin loaded chitosan-based polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles based transdermal patch. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133219. [PMID: 38897514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
AIM Atorvastatin (ATO) loaded chitosan-based polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles (PECN) incorporated transdermal patch was developed to enhance its skin permeability and bioavailability. METHODOLOGY The ATO loaded PECN were prepared by ionic gelation method and optimized by Box-Behnken design. The optimized batches were evaluated for physicochemical characteristics, in vitro, ex vivo, cell line and stability studies. The optimized ATO-PECN were incorporated into transdermal patches by solvent evaporation method and evaluated for their physicochemical properties, ex vivo skin permeation, in vivo pharmacokinetics and stability study. RESULTS The optimized batch of ATO-PECN had average size of 219.2 ± 5.98 nm with 82.68 ± 2.63 % entrapment and 25.41 ± 3.29 mV zeta potential. ATO-PECN showed sustained drug release and higher skin permeation. The cell line study showed that ATO-PECN increased the cell permeability of ATO as compared to ATO suspension. ATO-PECN loaded transdermal patch showed higher skin permeation. The in vivo pharmacokinetic study revealed that the ATO-PECN transdermal patch showed significant (p < 0.05) increase in pharmacokinetic parameters as compared to marketed oral tablet, confirming enhancement in bioavailability of ATO. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present work concluded that the ATO-PECN loaded transdermal patch is a promising novel drug delivery system for poorly bioavailable drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Patil
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390001, Gujarat, India
| | - Ankit Vankani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390001, Gujarat, India
| | - Krutika Sawant
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390001, Gujarat, India.
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2
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Huang T, Zeng Y, Li C, Zhou Z, Xu J, Wang L, Yu DG, Wang K. Application and Development of Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024. [PMID: 38830819 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Nanofiber scaffolds have gained significant attention in the field of bone tissue engineering. Electrospinning, a straightforward and efficient technique for producing nanofibers, has been extensively researched. When used in bone tissue engineering scaffolds, electrospun nanofibers with suitable surface properties promote new bone tissue growth and enhance cell adhesion. Recent advancements in electrospinning technology have provided innovative approaches for scaffold fabrication in bone tissue engineering. This review comprehensively examines the utilization of electrospun nanofibers in bone tissue engineering scaffolds and evaluates the relevant literature. The review begins by presenting the fundamental principles and methodologies of electrospinning. It then discusses various materials used in the production of electrospun nanofiber scaffolds for bone tissue engineering, including natural and synthetic polymers, as well as certain inorganic materials. The challenges associated with these materials are also described. The review focuses on novel electrospinning techniques for scaffold construction in bone tissue engineering, such as multilayer nanofibers, multifluid electrospinning, and the integration of electrospinning with other methods. Recent advancements in electrospinning technology have enabled the fabrication of precisely aligned nanofiber scaffolds with nanoscale architectures. These innovative methods also facilitate the fabrication of biomimetic structures, wherein bioactive substances can be incorporated and released in a controlled manner for drug delivery purposes. Moreover, they address issues encountered with traditional electrospun nanofibers, such as mechanical characteristics and biocompatibility. Consequently, the development and implementation of novel electrospinning technologies have revolutionized scaffold fabrication for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyue Huang
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - YuE Zeng
- Department of Neurology, RuiJin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chaofei Li
- Department of General Surgery, RuiJin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhengqing Zhou
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Jie Xu
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Lean Wang
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Deng-Guang Yu
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Ke Wang
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China
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Braszak-Cymerman A, Walczak MK, Oduah MT, Ludziejewska A, Bryl W. Comparison of the pleiotropic effect of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin on postmenopausal changes in bone turnover: A randomized comparative study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38122. [PMID: 38728464 PMCID: PMC11081583 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Statins are the first-line treatment for dyslipidemia, which is a major modifiable risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Studies have shown that in addition to the beneficial lipid-lowering effect, statins also exhibit a number of pleiotropic effects that may find application in other diseases, including osteoporosis. This study aimed to assess the effect of statins on bone turnover, as measured by the concentration of bone turnover markers, and to compare the effect of atorvastatin as a lipophilic statin and rosuvastatin as a hydrophilic statin. METHODS This study included 34 postmenopausal women aged < 65 years with newly diagnosed dyslipidemia requiring statin therapy. Patients were randomly assigned to receive a statin drug. Statins were initiated at standard doses of 5 to 10 mg of rosuvastatin and 20 mg of atorvastatin. The levels of C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen as a bone resorption marker and N-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I as a marker of bone formation, lipid concentrations and other biochemical parameters were assessed at baseline and after 6 and twelve months of treatment. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences between the levels of bone turnover markers before and 6 months after statin implementation (P > .05) - for all patients or subgroups according to statin use. Analysis of the results showed that after 12 months, there was a statistically significant decrease in N-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I concentration in all subjects (P = .004). By statin subgroup, a statistically significant decrease in N-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I was observed only in patients receiving rosuvastatin (P = .012) and not in those receiving atorvastatin (P = .25). Moreover, changes in bone turnover markers did not correlate with changes in lipid concentrations. CONCLUSIONS These results may indicate the superiority of atorvastatin over rosuvastatin in inhibiting adverse changes in bone turnover in postmenopausal women. Confirmed by studies involving a larger population, the observed differences might find particular applications in clinical practice, and the choice of atorvastatin over rosuvastatin for women could be considered in the early postmenopausal period to reduce the risk of osteoporosis and subsequent osteoporotic fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Braszak-Cymerman
- Department of Internal Diseases, Metabolic Disorders, and Hypertension, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marta K. Walczak
- Department of Internal Diseases, Metabolic Disorders, and Hypertension, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Mary-Tiffany Oduah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Wiesław Bryl
- Department of Internal Diseases, Metabolic Disorders, and Hypertension, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Granat MM, Eifler-Zydel J, Kolmas J. Statins-Their Role in Bone Tissue Metabolism and Local Applications with Different Carriers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2378. [PMID: 38397055 PMCID: PMC10888549 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Statins, widely prescribed for lipid disorders, primarily target 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase competitively and reversibly, resulting in reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). This mechanism proves effective in lowering the risk of lipid-related diseases such as ischemic cerebrovascular and coronary artery diseases. Beyond their established use, statins are under scrutiny for potential applications in treating bone diseases. The focus of research centers mainly on simvastatin, a lipophilic statin demonstrating efficacy in preventing osteoporosis and aiding in fracture and bone defect healing. Notably, these effects manifest at elevated doses (20 mg/kg/day) of statins, posing challenges for systematic administration due to their limited bone affinity. Current investigations explore intraosseous statin delivery facilitated by specialized carriers. This paper outlines various carrier types, characterizing their structures and underscoring various statins' potential as local treatments for bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Mateusz Granat
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Joanna Eifler-Zydel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Joanna Kolmas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
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Li J, Zheng Y, Yu Z, Kankala RK, Lin Q, Shi J, Chen C, Luo K, Chen A, Zhong Q. Surface-modified titanium and titanium-based alloys for improved osteogenesis: A critical review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23779. [PMID: 38223705 PMCID: PMC10784177 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
As implantable materials, titanium, and its alloys have garnered enormous interest from researchers for dental and orthopedic procedures. Despite their success in wide clinical applications, titanium, and its alloys fail to stimulate osteogenesis, resulting in poor bonding strength with surrounding bone tissue. Optimizing the surface topology and altered compositions of titanium and titanium-based alloys substantially promotes peri-implant bone regeneration. This review summarizes the utilization and importance of various osteogenesis components loaded onto titanium and its alloys. Further, different surface-modification methods and the release efficacy of loaded substances are emphasized. Finally, we summarize the article with prospects. We believe that further investigation studies must focus on identifying novel loading components, exploring various innovative, optimized surface-modification methods, and developing a sustained-release system on implant surfaces to improve peri-implant bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingling Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Laboratory of Oral Tissue Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yaxin Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Laboratory of Oral Tissue Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zihe Yu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Laboratory of Oral Tissue Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ranjith Kumar Kankala
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Qianying Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Laboratory of Oral Tissue Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jingbo Shi
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Laboratory of Oral Tissue Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Laboratory of Oral Tissue Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Kai Luo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Laboratory of Oral Tissue Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Aizheng Chen
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Quan Zhong
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Laboratory of Oral Tissue Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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Walczak M, Braszak-Cymerman A, Bielawska L, Bryl W. Effect of statins on bone turnover markers in postmenopausal women: a pilot study. ADVANCES IN INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY 2023; 19:367-370. [PMID: 38187495 PMCID: PMC10767564 DOI: 10.5114/aic.2023.133700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Walczak
- Department of Internal Diseases, Metabolic Disorders, and Hypertension, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Braszak-Cymerman
- Department of Internal Diseases, Metabolic Disorders, and Hypertension, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Lena Bielawska
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Wiesław Bryl
- Department of Internal Diseases, Metabolic Disorders, and Hypertension, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Deepanjali M, Prasad TS, Manodh P. Efficacy of simvastatin in bone regeneration after surgical removal of mandibular third molars. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023; 27:427-432. [PMID: 35648294 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-022-01081-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of simvastatin in bone regeneration in extraction sockets of mandibular third molars using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) at 6th post-operative month. METHODS This is a prospective randomized split-mouth study involving 15 patients who underwent surgical extraction of bilaterally impacted mandibular third molars with similar morphology on the same day. The efficacy of drug was analyzed by implanting 10 mg of simvastatin into the socket (study site) and observations were made over 6 months to compare the healing with the control site. RESULTS The study results demonstrated a statistically significant difference in bone regeneration: mean gray value of 429.133 in study site compared with mean gray value of 310.153 in the control site. CONCLUSION These values demonstrate significant change in bone regeneration in simvastatin site as compared to that of control site.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pedamally Manodh
- Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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8
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Zhao R, Ning X, Wang M, Wang H, Xing G, Wang L, Lu C, Yu A, Wang Y. A ROS-Responsive Simvastatin Nano-Prodrug and its Fibronectin-Targeted Co-Delivery System for Atherosclerosis Treatment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:25080-25092. [PMID: 35618653 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanoprodrugs with responsive release properties integrate the advantages of stimuli-responsive prodrugs and nanotechnology. They would provide ultimate opportunity in fighting atherosclerosis. In this study, we synthesized a redox-responsive nanoprodrug of simvastatin (TPTS) by conjugating α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol derivative to the pharmacophore of simvastatin with a thioketal linker. TPTS formed nanoparticles and released parent simvastatin in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, by taking advantage of the self-assembly behavior of TPTS, we developed a fibronectin-targeted delivery system (TPTS/C/T) to codelivery simvastatin prodrug and ticagrelor. In vitro and in vivo experiments indicated that TPTS and TPTS/C/T had good stability, which could reduce off-target leakage of drugs. They greatly inhibited the M1-type polarization of macrophages; reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species level and inflammatory cytokine; and TNF-α, MCP-1, and IL-1β were secreted by macrophage cells, thus providing enhanced anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects compared with free simvastatin. TPTS/C/T realized targeted drug release to plaques and synergistic therapeutic effects of simvastatin and ticagrelor on atherosclerosis treatment in an ApoE-/- mouse model, resulting in excellent atherosclerosis therapeutic efficacy and a promising biosafety profile. Therefore, this study provides a new method for manufacturing statin nanodrugs and a new design idea for related responsive drug release nanosystems for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runze Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoyue Ning
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Guang Xing
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Chengzhi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Ao Yu
- College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yongjian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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9
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Kamel R, Mabrouk M, El-Sayed SAM, Beherei HH, Abouzeid RE, Abo El-Fadl MT, Mahmoud AA, Maged A. Nanofibrillated cellulose/glucosamine 3D aerogel implants loaded with rosuvastatin and bioactive ceramic for dental socket preservation. Int J Pharm 2022; 616:121549. [PMID: 35131357 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Recycling of agro-wastes presents a great economic and ecologic value. In this study, TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (TONFC) originating from sugarcane bagasse pulp was exploited in regenerative medicine. TONFC in combination with glucosamine HCl (G) were used to prepare a 3D aerogel implant loaded with rosuvastatin as an integrative approach for extraction-socket healing. Comparing the prepared devices, aerogel composed of TONFC: G (4:1 wt ratio) had the best mechanical properties and integrity. Strontium borate-based bioactive ceramic particles were prepared and characterized for crystal structure, shape, porosity, and zeta potential. The particles had a crystalline diffraction pattern relative to Sr3B2O6, and they were rod in shape with nanopores with a zeta potential value of -16 mV. The prepared bioactive ceramic (BC) was then added in different concentrations (3 or 6% w/w) to the selected aerogel implant. The BC had a concentration-dependent effect on the aerogel properties as it ameliorated its mechanical performance (compressive strength = 90 and 150 kPa for 3 and 6%, respectively) and retarded drug release (mean release time = 2.34 and 3.4 h for 3 and 6%, respectively) (p < 0.05). The microphotograph of the selected aerogel implant loaded with BC showed a rough surface with an interconnective porous structure. During cell biology testing, the selected implant loaded with the lower BC concentration had the highest ability to increase MG-63 cells proliferation. In conclusion, TONFC is a promising material to formulate rosuvastatin-loaded aerogel implant with the aid of glucosamine and bioactive ceramic for dental socket preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabab Kamel
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Mabrouk
- Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara A M El-Sayed
- Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan H Beherei
- Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ragab E Abouzeid
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud T Abo El-Fadl
- Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Cairo, Egypt; Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Azza A Mahmoud
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Egypt.
| | - Amr Maged
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Factory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Egypt.
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10
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Bjelić D, Finšgar M. Bioactive coatings with anti-osteoclast therapeutic agents for bone implants: Enhanced compliance and prolonged implant life. Pharmacol Res 2022; 176:106060. [PMID: 34998972 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The use of therapeutic agents that inhibit bone resorption is crucial to prolong implant life, delay revision surgery, and reduce the burden on the healthcare system. These therapeutic agents include bisphosphonates, various nucleic acids, statins, proteins, and protein complexes. Their use in systemic treatment has several drawbacks, such as side effects and insufficient efficacy in terms of concentration, which can be eliminated by local treatment. This review focuses on the incorporation of osteoclast inhibitors (antiresorptive agents) into bioactive coatings for bone implants. The ability of bioactive coatings as systems for local delivery of antiresorptive agents to achieve optimal loading of the bioactive coating and its release is described in detail. Various parameters such as the suitable concentrations, release times, and the effects of the antiresorptive agents on nearby cells or bone tissue are discussed. However, further research is needed to support the optimization of the implant, as this will enable subsequent personalized design of the coating in terms of the design and selection of the coating material, the choice of an antiresorptive agent and its amount in the coating. In addition, therapeutic agents that have not yet been incorporated into bioactive coatings but appear promising are also mentioned. From this work, it can be concluded that therapeutic agents contribute to the biocompatibility of the bioactive coating by enhancing its beneficial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Bjelić
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
| | - Matjaž Finšgar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
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11
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Huang R, Wang H, Shen Z, Cai T, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Xia W, Ding B, Yan R, Li H, Wu J, Ma J. Increased Glycemic Variability Evaluated by Continuous Glucose Monitoring is Associated with Osteoporosis in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:861131. [PMID: 35733774 PMCID: PMC9207512 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.861131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are susceptible to osteoporosis. This study was conducted to evaluate the association between glycemic variability evaluated by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and osteoporosis in type 2 diabetic patient. METHODS A total of 362 type 2 diabetic subjects who underwent bone mineral density (BMD) measurement and were monitored by a CGM system from Jan 2019 to May 2020 were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Glycemic variability was calculated with the Easy GV software, including 24-hour mean blood glucose (24-h MBG), the standard deviation of 24-h MBG (SDBG), coefficient of variation (CV), mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), and time in range between 3.9 and 10.0 mmol/L (TIR). Other potential influence factors for osteoporosis were also examined. RESULTS Based on the T-scores of BMD measurement, there were 190 patients with normal bone mass, 132 patients with osteopenia and 40 patients with osteoporosis. T2DM patients with osteoporosis showed a higher 24-h MBG, SDBG, CV, and MAGE, but a lower TIR (all p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age, female gender, body mass index (BMI), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), serum uric acid (SUA) and MAGE independently contribute to osteoporosis, and corresponding odds ratio [95% confidence interval (CI)] was 1.129 (1.072-1.190), 4.215 (1.613-11.012), 0.801 (0.712-0.901), 2.743 (1.385-5.431), 0.993 (0.988-0.999), and 1.380 (1.026-1.857), respectively. Further receiver operating characteristic analysis with Youden index indicated that the area under the curve and its 95% CI were 0.673 and 0.604-0.742, with the optimal cut-off value of MAGE predicting osteoporosis being 4.31 mmol/L. CONCLUSION In addition to conventional influence factors including age, female gender, BMI, LDL-C and SUA, increased glycemic variability assessed by MAGE is associated with osteoporosis in type 2 diabetic patients.
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Jiang Y, Tan S, Hu J, Chen X, Chen F, Yao Q, Zhou Z, Wang X, Zhou Z, Fan Y, Liu J, Lin Y, Liu L, He S. Amorphous calcium magnesium phosphate nanocomposites with superior osteogenic activity for bone regeneration. Regen Biomater 2021; 8:rbab068. [PMID: 34917396 PMCID: PMC8670301 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbab068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The seek of bioactive materials for promoting bone regeneration is a challenging and long-term task. Functionalization with inorganic metal ions or drug molecules is considered effective strategies to improve the bioactivity of various existing biomaterials. Herein, amorphous calcium magnesium phosphate (ACMP) nanoparticles and simvastatin (SIM)-loaded ACMP (ACMP/SIM) nanocomposites were developed via a simple co-precipitation strategy. The physiochemical property of ACMP/SIM was explored using transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC), and the role of Mg2+ in the formation of ACMP/SIM was revealed using X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES). After that, the transformation process of ACMP/SIM in simulated body fluid (SBF) was also tracked to simulate and explore the in vivo mineralization performance of materials. We find that ACMP/SIM releases ions of Ca2+, Mg2+ and PO43−, when it is immersed in SBF at 37°C, and a phase transformation occurred during which the initially amorphous ACMP turns into self-assembled hydroxyapatite (HAP). Furthermore, ACMP/SIM displays high cytocompatibility and promotes the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. For the in vivo studies, lamellar ACMP/SIM/Collagen scaffolds with aligned pore structures were prepared and used to repair a rat defect model in calvaria. ACMP/SIM/Collagen scaffolds show a positive effect in promoting the regeneration of calvaria defect after 12 weeks. The bioactive ACMP/SIM nanocomposites are promising as bone repair materials. Considering the facile preparation process and superior in vitro/vivo bioactivity, the as-prepared ACMP/SIM would be a potential candidate for bone related biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Shuo Tan
- Department of Orthopedic, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jianping Hu
- Department of Orthopedic, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Orthopedic, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Orthopedic, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qianting Yao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xiansong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zifei Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yunshan Fan
- Department of Orthopedic, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Junjian Liu
- Department of Orthopedic, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yize Lin
- Department of Orthopedic, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Lijia Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shisheng He
- Department of Orthopedic, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
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13
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Liang W, Dong Y, Shen H, Shao R, Wu X, Huang X, Sun B, Zeng B, Zhang S, Xu F. Materials science and design principles of therapeutic materials in orthopedic and bone tissue engineering. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Liang
- Department of Orthopedics Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Zhoushan China
| | - Yongqiang Dong
- Department of Orthopedics Xinchang People's Hospital Shaoxing China
| | - Hailiang Shen
- Department of Orthopedics Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University Shaoxing China
| | - Ruyi Shao
- Department of Orthopedics Zhuji People's Hospital Shaoxing China
| | - Xudong Wu
- Department of Orthopedics Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Zhoushan China
| | - Xiaogang Huang
- Department of Orthopedics Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Zhoushan China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Orthopedics Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Zhoushan China
| | - Bin Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Zhoushan China
| | - Songou Zhang
- College of Medicine Shaoxing University Shaoxing China
| | - Fangming Xu
- Department of Orthopedics Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Zhoushan China
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14
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Chen W, Xie G, Lu Y, Wang J, Feng B, Wang Q, Xu K, Bao J. An improved osseointegration of metal implants by pitavastatin loaded multilayer films with osteogenic and angiogenic properties. Biomaterials 2021; 280:121260. [PMID: 34823885 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of works have highlighted the importance of metal implants surface modification in enhancing bone defect healing through the synergistic osteogenesis-angiogenesis regulation. Studies have shown that pitavastatin has the effect of promoting osteogenesis and angiogenesis. However, how to prepare pitavastatin functionalized implants and how pitavastatin regulates the synergies of osteogenesis and angiogenesis around implants as well as the related mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, multilayer films with osteogenic and angiogenic properties were constructed on pure titanium substrates via the layer-by-layer assembly of pitavastatin-loaded β-cyclodextrin grafted chitosan and gelatin. In vitro experiments demonstrated that locally applied pitavastatin could dramatically enhance osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and angiogenic potential of endothelial cells (ECs). Moreover, pitavastatin loaded multilayer films could regulate the paracrine signaling mediated crosstalk between MSCs and ECs, and indirectly increase the angiogenic potential of MSCs and osteogenic potential of ECs via multiple paracrine signaling. The results of subcutaneous and femur implantation confirmed that locally released pitavastatin had potentially triggered a chain of biological events: mobilizing endogenous stem cells and ECs to the implant-bone interface, in turn facilitating coupled osteogenesis and angiogenesis, and eventually enhancing peri-implant osseointegration. This study enlarges the application scope of pitavastatin and provides an optional choice for developing a multifunctional bioactive coating on the surfaces of mental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhen Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, PR China; Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, PR China; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Guoliang Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, PR China; Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, PR China; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jiayuan Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, PR China; Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, PR China; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Baihuan Feng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, PR China; Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, PR China; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, PR China; Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, PR China; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Kui Xu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, PR China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Jiaqi Bao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, PR China; Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, PR China; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, PR China
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15
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Kraler S, Blaser MC, Aikawa E, Camici GG, Lüscher TF. Calcific aortic valve disease: from molecular and cellular mechanisms to medical therapy. Eur Heart J 2021; 43:683-697. [PMID: 34849696 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a highly prevalent condition that comprises a disease continuum, ranging from microscopic changes to profound fibro-calcific leaflet remodelling, culminating in aortic stenosis, heart failure, and ultimately premature death. Traditional risk factors, such as hypercholesterolaemia and (systolic) hypertension, are shared among atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and CAVD, yet the molecular and cellular mechanisms differ markedly. Statin-induced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol lowering, a remedy highly effective for secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, consistently failed to impact CAVD progression or to improve patient outcomes. However, recently completed phase II trials provide hope that pharmaceutical tactics directed at other targets implicated in CAVD pathogenesis offer an avenue to alter the course of the disease non-invasively. Herein, we delineate key players of CAVD pathobiology, outline mechanisms that entail compromised endothelial barrier function, and promote lipid homing, immune-cell infiltration, and deranged phospho-calcium metabolism that collectively perpetuate a pro-inflammatory/pro-osteogenic milieu in which valvular interstitial cells increasingly adopt myofibro-/osteoblast-like properties, thereby fostering fibro-calcific leaflet remodelling and eventually resulting in left ventricular outflow obstruction. We provide a glimpse into the most promising targets on the horizon, including lipoprotein(a), mineral-binding matrix Gla protein, soluble guanylate cyclase, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 as well as candidates involved in regulating phospho-calcium metabolism and valvular angiotensin II synthesis and ultimately discuss their potential for a future therapy of this insidious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kraler
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.,University Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mark C Blaser
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 3 Blackfan Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elena Aikawa
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 3 Blackfan Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 77 Ave Louis Pasteur, NRB7, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.,University Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.,Heart Division, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Sydney Street, London SW3 6NP, UK.,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, Guy Scadding Building, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK
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16
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Shokrolahi F, Latif F, Shokrollahi P, Farahmandghavi F, Shokrollahi S. Engineering atorvastatin loaded Mg-Mn/LDH nanoparticles and their composite with PLGA for bone tissue applications. Int J Pharm 2021; 606:120901. [PMID: 34293469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The impact of mixing method in conventional co-precipitation synthesis of layered double hydroxides (LDHs), on particle size, size distribution and drug loading capacity is reported. Synthesis of Mg (II)/Mn (III)-LDH nano-platelets was performed at constant pH using three different mixing systems, magnetic stirrer, mechanical mixer, and homogenizer at ambient temperature and a fixed Mg/Mn ratio of 3/1. The LDH characterization results showed that mechanical mixing and homogenization lead to production of very fine LDH nano-platelets (about 90-140 nm), with narrow particle size distribution. Amount of the intercalated drug was determined as about 60% and showed a significant increase in loading capacity of the LDH through homogenization and mechanical mixing compared to that of the magnetic stirring (about 35%). Our results also showed that in LDH preparation via co-precipitation, the mixing system plays a more influential role in particle size, size distribution, and drug loading control, than the mixing speed of each system. Drug loaded-LDH/PLGA composites were prepared via electrospinning to afford a bioactive/osteoinductive scaffold. A remarkable degree of cell viability on the scaffolds (drug-loaded-LDH/PLGA composite) was confirmed using MTT assay. Osteogenic differentiation of human ADMSCs, as shown by alkaline phosphatase activity and Alizarin Red staining assays, indicated that the scaffold with 5% drug loaded LDH(Mn-Mg-LDH/PLGA/AT5%) induced a remarkably higher level of the markers compared to the PLGA scaffold and therefore, it could be a valuable candidate for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Shokrolahi
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Science, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fahimeh Latif
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Science, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Shokrollahi
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Science, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farhid Farahmandghavi
- Department of Novel Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Science, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Iran
| | - Sepideh Shokrollahi
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Science, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Ko SW, Lee JY, Rezk AI, Park CH, Kim CS. In-situ cellulose-framework templates mediated monodispersed silver nanoparticles via facile UV-light photocatalytic activity for anti-microbial functionalization. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 269:118255. [PMID: 34294292 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose is well known as a biocompatible material or natural reducing material. In this study, As an eco-friendly and facile method, we prepared monodispersed silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in cellulose-framework through photocatalytic reaction. and we fabricated electrospun fiber scaffolds with excellent antibacterial properties and biocompatibility. UV-irradiation causes the electrical change of the cellulose-framework, thereby converting Ag ions into Ag particles. We applied a three-electrode system to confirm the phenomenon. Through STEM and EDS, it was found that the synthesized AgNPs were monodisperse in the nanofibers, and antibacterial activity was confirmed using gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. In addition, it was suggested that the gradual release of simvastatin contained in the nanofibers and excellent mineralization would be easy to apply to bone regeneration. Therefore, the manufactured composite electrospun fiber mat can be used not only in biomedical fields but also in various applications that need to prevent the accumulation of microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Won Ko
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Lee
- Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Abdelrahman I Rezk
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hee Park
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Eco-Friendly Machine Parts Design Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Cheol Sang Kim
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Eco-Friendly Machine Parts Design Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Wujak M, Kozakiewicz A, Ciarkowska A, Loch JI, Barwiolek M, Sokolowska Z, Budny M, Wojtczak A. Assessing the Interactions of Statins with Human Adenylate Kinase Isoenzyme 1: Fluorescence and Enzyme Kinetic Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115541. [PMID: 34073952 PMCID: PMC8197361 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Statins are the most effective cholesterol-lowering drugs. They also exert many pleiotropic effects, including anti-cancer and cardio- and neuro-protective. Numerous nano-sized drug delivery systems were developed to enhance the therapeutic potential of statins. Studies on possible interactions between statins and human proteins could provide a deeper insight into the pleiotropic and adverse effects of these drugs. Adenylate kinase (AK) was found to regulate HDL endocytosis, cellular metabolism, cardiovascular function and neurodegeneration. In this work, we investigated interactions between human adenylate kinase isoenzyme 1 (hAK1) and atorvastatin (AVS), fluvastatin (FVS), pravastatin (PVS), rosuvastatin (RVS) and simvastatin (SVS) with fluorescence spectroscopy. The tested statins quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of hAK1 by creating stable hAK1-statin complexes with the binding constants of the order of 104 M−1. The enzyme kinetic studies revealed that statins inhibited hAK1 with significantly different efficiencies, in a noncompetitive manner. Simvastatin inhibited hAK1 with the highest yield comparable to that reported for diadenosine pentaphosphate, the only known hAK1 inhibitor. The determined AK sensitivity to statins differed markedly between short and long type AKs, suggesting an essential role of the LID domain in the AK inhibition. Our studies might open new horizons for the development of new modulators of short type AKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Wujak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
| | - Anna Kozakiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (M.B.); (Z.S.); (A.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-56-611-4511
| | - Anna Ciarkowska
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
| | - Joanna I. Loch
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Barwiolek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (M.B.); (Z.S.); (A.W.)
| | - Zuzanna Sokolowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (M.B.); (Z.S.); (A.W.)
| | - Marcin Budny
- Synthex Technologies Sp. z o.o., Gagarina 7/134B, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Wojtczak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (M.B.); (Z.S.); (A.W.)
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19
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Shevchuk OO, Panasiuk YV, Korda MM. Locally delivered lovastatin-containing chitosan nanoparticles promote bone regeneration in rats. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj93.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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20
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Synergistic effects of magnesium ions and simvastatin on attenuation of high-fat diet-induced bone loss. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:2511-2522. [PMID: 33665494 PMCID: PMC7889436 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Magnesium (Mg) has a prophylactic potential against the onset of hyperlipidemia. Similar to statin, Mg is recommended as lipid-lowering medication for hypercholesterolemia and concomitantly exhibits an association with increased bone mass. The combination of statin with Mg ions (Mg2+) may be able to alleviate the high-fat diet (HFD)-induced bone loss and reduce the side-effects of statin. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of combined Mg2+ with simvastatin (SIM) for treating HFD-induced bone loss in mice and the involving mechanisms. Materials and methods C57BL/6 male mice were fed with a HFD or a normal-fat diet (NFD). Mice were intraperitoneally injected SIM and/or orally received water with additional Mg2+ until sacrificed. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to measure cytokines and cholesterol in serum and liver lysates. Bone mineral density (BMD) and microarchitecture were assessed by micro-computed tomography (μCT) in different groups. The adipogenesis in palmitate pre-treated HepG2 cells was performed under various treatments. Results μCT analysis showed that the trabecular bone mass was significantly lower in the HFD-fed group than that in NFD-fed group since week 8. The cortical thickness in HFD-fed group had a significant decrease at week 24, as compared with NFD-fed group. The combination of Mg2+ and SIM significantly attenuated the trabecular bone loss in HFD-fed mice via arresting the osteoclast formation and bone resorption. Besides, such combination also reduced the hepatocytic synthesis of cholesterol and inhibited matrix metallopeptidase 13 (Mmp13) mRNA expression in pre-osteoclasts. Conclusions The combination of Mg2+ and SIM shows a synergistic effect on attenuating the HFD-induced bone loss. Our current formulation may be a cost-effective alternative treatment to be indicated for obesity-related bone loss. High-fat diet-fed mouse has a susceptibility to lower trabecular bone mass as compared with that of normal-fat diet-fed mouse. The combination of Mg2+ and simvastatin attenuates the trabecular bone loss in high-fat diet-fed mice. The combination of Mg2+ and simvastatin reduces the hepatocytic synthesis of cholesterol.
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21
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Zhu J, Zhang C, Jia J, Wang H, Leng H, Xu Y, Wu C, Zhang Q, Song C. Osteogenic effects in a rat osteoporosis model and femur defect model by simvastatin microcrystals. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2020; 1487:31-42. [PMID: 33098131 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Simvastatin is a translational drug that may be used to induce local bone formation. In this study, simvastatin microcrystals were made by a wet media milling method, and then we verified the osteogenic effect of the microcrystals in rat ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporosis and femur defect models. For the osteoporosis model, we delivered simvastatin microcrystals to the tibia with poloxamer hydrogels via an intraosseous injection. Bone mineral density and the ultimate force of the treated tibia were significantly improved after injection of simvastatin microcrystals at 0.5 and 1 mg compared with the OVX or 0-mg control groups. For the femur defect model, simvastatin microcrystals were incorporated in clinically used calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) as an implant. Quantitative analysis of bone regeneration by microcomputed tomography (μCT) showed improved bone morphology with simvastatin microcrystals at 50 and 100 μg, compared with the CPC vehicle. A semiquantitative scale for histology assessment further demonstrated a higher bone regeneration score in the drug-loaded groups. Our study shows that simvastatin microcrystals can promote bone formation by local delivery using a poloxamer hydrogel or CPC, which may be translationally useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxiong Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chenggui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jialin Jia
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Huijie Leng
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yingsheng Xu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cuishuan Wu
- Beijing Delivery Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunli Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Diseases, Beijing, China
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22
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Sabandal MMI, Schäfer E, Imper J, Jung S, Kleinheinz J, Sielker S. Simvastatin Induces In Vitro Mineralization Effects of Primary Human Odontoblast-Like Cells. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13204679. [PMID: 33092304 PMCID: PMC7588985 DOI: 10.3390/ma13204679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Simvastatin (SV) is an often prescribed statin reducing the LDL-concentration in circulating blood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pleiotropic effects of SV to primary human odontoblast-like cells. Twenty four wisdom teeth of different subjects were extracted and the pulp tissue was removed and minced under sterile conditions. After mincing, the requested cells were passaged according to established protocols. Osteoblastic marker (ALP conversion), viability and mineralization were determined at days 14, 17 and 21 after simvastatin exposition (0.01 µM, 0.1 µM, 1.0 µM, 2.0 µM). The sample size per group was 24 cultures with three replicates per culture for ALP-conversion and mineralization and 6 replicates for viability. A Kruskal–Wallis test was used for statistical analysis. After adding SV, viability was significantly (p < 0.01) decreased in a time- and dose-dependent manner, whereas after 21 days, mineralization was significant (p < 0.01). ALP-conversion in groups with SV concentrations of 1 and 2 µM SV was significantly (p < 0.01) increased. Pleiotropic effects regarding mineralization in higher SV concentrations were possibly induced via alternative mineralization pathways as almost equal elevations of ALP conversion were not evident in the control and experimental groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Mariano Isabelo Sabandal
- Central Interdisciplinary Ambulance in the School of Dentistry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (E.S.); (J.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-251-843-712
| | - Edgar Schäfer
- Central Interdisciplinary Ambulance in the School of Dentistry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (E.S.); (J.I.)
| | - Jessica Imper
- Central Interdisciplinary Ambulance in the School of Dentistry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (E.S.); (J.I.)
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (S.J.); (J.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Susanne Jung
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (S.J.); (J.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Johannes Kleinheinz
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (S.J.); (J.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Sonja Sielker
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (S.J.); (J.K.); (S.S.)
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23
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Cruz R, Pesce G, Calasans-Maia J, Moraschini V, Calasans-Maia MD, Granjeiro JM. Calcium Phosphate Carrying Simvastatin Enhances Bone Regeneration: A Systematic Review. Braz Dent J 2020; 31:93-102. [PMID: 32556021 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202002971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have aimed to develop alternative therapeutic biomaterials for bone repair. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate how statins carried by calcium phosphate affect the formation and regeneration of bone tissue in animal models when compared to other biomaterials or spontaneous healing. This systematic review followed the recommendations of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, the PRISMA guidelines, and the Preclinical Systematic Review & Meta-analysis Facility (SyRF). The protocol of this systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42018091112) and in CAMARADES. In addition, ARRIVE checklists were followed in order to increase the quality and transparency of the search. An electronic search was performed using the MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, and PROSPERO library databases. The authors used a specific search strategy for each database, and they also conducted a search in the grey literature and cross-references. The eligibility criteria were animal studies, which evaluated bone repair treated with calcium phosphate as a simvastatin carrier. The selection process yielded 8 studies from the 657 retrieved. All manuscripts concluded that locally applied simvastatin carried by calcium phosphate is biocompatible, enhanced bone repair and induced statistically greater bone formation than cloth or calcium phosphate alone. In conclusion, the pertinent pre-clinical studies evidenced the calcium phosphate biocompatibility and its effectiveness in delivering SIM to improve the repair of bone defects. So, clinical trials are encouraged to investigate the impact of SIM associated with calcium phosphate bone graft in repairing bone defect in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Cruz
- Laboratory of Dental Clinical Research, Dentistry school, UFF - Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Pesce
- Laboratory of Dental Clinical Research, Dentistry school, UFF - Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Calasans-Maia
- Department of Orthodontics, Dentistry School, UFF - Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vittorio Moraschini
- Laboratory of Dental Clinical Research, Dentistry school, UFF - Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Monica Diuana Calasans-Maia
- Laboratory of Dental Clinical Research, Dentistry school, UFF - Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Mauro Granjeiro
- Laboratory of Dental Clinical Research, Dentistry school, UFF - Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.,Bioengineering Laboratory, INMETRO - Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
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24
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Guo Y, Huo J, Wu D, Hao H, Ji X, Zhao E, Nie B, Liu Q. Simvastatin inhibits the adipogenesis of bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stem cells through the downregulation of chemerin/CMKLR1 signaling. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:751-761. [PMID: 32468037 PMCID: PMC7307816 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simvastatin is effective in the treatment of osteoporosis, partly through the inhibition of the adipogenesis of bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). The present study focused on the mechanisms responsible for the inhibitory effects of simvastatin on adipogenesis and examined the effects of simvastatin on the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), chemerin, chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1), G protein-coupled receptor 1 (GPR1) and the adipocyte marker gene, adiponectin. BMSCs were isolated from 4-week-old female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, and adipogenesis was measured by the absorbance values at 490 nm of Oil Red O dye. The expression of each gene was evaluated by western blot analysis or reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The expression of chemerin increased during adipogenesis, while CMKLR1 exhibited a trend towards a decreased expression. On days 7 and 14, the simvastatin-treated cells exhibited a down-regulated expression of chemerin, whereas the upregulated expression of its receptor, CMKLR1 was observed. The results also revealed that CMKLR1 is required for adipogenesis and the simvastatin-mediated inhibitory effect on adipogenesis. Simvastatin regulated adipogenesis by negatively modulating chemerin-CMKLR1 signaling. Importantly, simvastatin stimulation inhibited the upregulation of PPARγ and PPARγ-mediated chemerin expression to prevent adipogenesis. Treatment with the PPARγ agonist, rosiglitazone, partially reversed the negative regulatory effects of simvastatin. On the whole, the findings of the present study demonstrate that simvastatin inhibits the adipogenesis of BMSCs through the downregulation of PPARγ and subsequently prevents the PPARγ-mediated induction of chemerin/CMKLR1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Guo
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Jianzhong Huo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030032, P.R. China
| | - Dou Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030032, P.R. China
| | - Haihu Hao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030032, P.R. China
| | - Xinghua Ji
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030032, P.R. China
| | - Enzhe Zhao
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Boyuan Nie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030032, P.R. China
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25
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Rothe R, Hauser S, Neuber C, Laube M, Schulze S, Rammelt S, Pietzsch J. Adjuvant Drug-Assisted Bone Healing: Advances and Challenges in Drug Delivery Approaches. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E428. [PMID: 32384753 PMCID: PMC7284517 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12050428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone defects of critical size after compound fractures, infections, or tumor resections are a challenge in treatment. Particularly, this applies to bone defects in patients with impaired bone healing due to frequently occurring metabolic diseases (above all diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis), chronic inflammation, and cancer. Adjuvant therapeutic agents such as recombinant growth factors, lipid mediators, antibiotics, antiphlogistics, and proangiogenics as well as other promising anti-resorptive and anabolic molecules contribute to improving bone healing in these disorders, especially when they are released in a targeted and controlled manner during crucial bone healing phases. In this regard, the development of smart biocompatible and biostable polymers such as implant coatings, scaffolds, or particle-based materials for drug release is crucial. Innovative chemical, physico- and biochemical approaches for controlled tailor-made degradation or the stimulus-responsive release of substances from these materials, and more, are advantageous. In this review, we discuss current developments, progress, but also pitfalls and setbacks of such approaches in supporting or controlling bone healing. The focus is on the critical evaluation of recent preclinical studies investigating different carrier systems, dual- or co-delivery systems as well as triggered- or targeted delivery systems for release of a panoply of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Rothe
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (R.R.); (S.H.); (C.N.); (M.L.)
- School of Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sandra Hauser
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (R.R.); (S.H.); (C.N.); (M.L.)
| | - Christin Neuber
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (R.R.); (S.H.); (C.N.); (M.L.)
| | - Markus Laube
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (R.R.); (S.H.); (C.N.); (M.L.)
| | - Sabine Schulze
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (OUC), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (S.S.); (S.R.)
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Rammelt
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (OUC), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (S.S.); (S.R.)
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Tatzberg 4, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (R.R.); (S.H.); (C.N.); (M.L.)
- School of Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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26
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Pohlen M, Lavrič Z, Prestidge C, Dreu R. Preparation, Physicochemical Characterisation and DoE Optimisation of a Spray-Dried Dry Emulsion Platform for Delivery of a Poorly Soluble Drug, Simvastatin. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:119. [PMID: 32318974 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01651-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the presented study, insight into the development and optimisation of the dry emulsion formulation and spray drying process is provided. The aim was to facilitate the dissolution of the poorly soluble, highly lipophilic drug, simvastatin, by forming spray-dried dry emulsion particles having adequate powder flow properties, while assuring sufficient drug content. Simvastatin and a mixture of caprylic, capric triglyceride and 1-oleoyl-rac-glycerol were employed as a model drug and solubilising oils, respectively. A matrix of the dry emulsions was composed at a fixed ratio mixture of mannitol and HPMC. Tween 20 was used in low amounts as the primary emulsion stabiliser. To facilitate process optimisation, a DoE surface response design was used to study the influence of formulation and process parameters on the particle size distribution, powder bulk properties, emulsion reconstitution ability, drug stability and process yield of spray-dried products. Two-fluid nozzle geometry was identified, studied and confirmed to be important for most product critical quality attributes. Models obtained after the study showed acceptable coefficients of determination and provided good insight in the relationship governing the process and product characteristics. Five model optimised products showed adequate process yield, suitable particle size distribution, good reconstitution ability and improved dissolution profile, when compared to a non-lipid-based tablet and the pure drug. However, the obtained dry emulsion powders exhibited poor flow character according to the Carr index. The optimised product was further analysed with NMR during lipolysis to gain insight into the species formed during digestion and the kinetics of their formation.
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27
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Tahamtan S, Shirban F, Bagherniya M, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A. The effects of statins on dental and oral health: a review of preclinical and clinical studies. J Transl Med 2020; 18:155. [PMID: 32252793 PMCID: PMC7132955 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02326-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The statin family of drugs are safe and effective therapeutic agents for the treatment of arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). Due to a wide range of health benefits in addition to their cholesterol lowering properties, statins have recently attracted significant attention as a new treatment strategy for several conditions, which are not directly related to normalizing a lipid profile and preventing CVD. Statins exert a variety of beneficial effects on different aspects of oral health, which includes their positive effects on bone metabolism, their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and their potential effects on epithelization and wound healing. Additionally, they possess antimicrobial, antiviral, and fungicidal properties, which makes this class of drugs attractive to the field of periodontal diseases and oral and dental health. However, to the best of our knowledge, there has been no comprehensive study to date, which has investigated the effects of statin drugs on different aspects of dental and oral health. Therefore, the primary objective of this paper was to review the effect of statins on dental and oral health. Results of our extensive review have indicated that statins possess remarkable and promising effects on several aspects of dental and oral health including chronic periodontitis, alveolar bone loss due to either extraction or chronic periodontitis, osseointegration of implants, dental pulp cells, orthodontic tooth movement, and orthodontic relapse, tissue healing (wound/bone healing), salivary gland function, and finally, anti-cancer effects. Hence, statins can be considered as novel, safe, inexpensive, and widely-accessible therapeutic agents to improve different aspects of dental and oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Tahamtan
- Dental Research Center, Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farinaz Shirban
- Dental Research Center, Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Thomas P Johnston
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 91779-48564, Mashhad, Iran.
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28
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Rothe R, Schulze S, Neuber C, Hauser S, Rammelt S, Pietzsch J. Adjuvant drug-assisted bone healing: Part III - Further strategies for local and systemic modulation. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2020; 73:439-488. [PMID: 31177207 DOI: 10.3233/ch-199104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this third in a series of reviews on adjuvant drug-assisted bone healing, further approaches aiming at influencing the healing process are discussed. Local and systemic modulation of bone metabolism is pursued with use of a number of drugs with completely different indications, which are characterized by a pleiotropic spectrum of action. These include drugs used to treat lipid disorders (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors), hypertension (ACE inhibitors), osteoporosis (bisphosphonates), cancer (proteasome inhibitors) and others. Potential applications to enhance bone healing are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Rothe
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sabine Schulze
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (OUC), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany.,Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christin Neuber
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sandra Hauser
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Rammelt
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (OUC), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany.,Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Tatzberg 4, Dresden
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, School of Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Dresden, Germany
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29
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Basu S, Pacelli S, Paul A. Self-healing DNA-based injectable hydrogels with reversible covalent linkages for controlled drug delivery. Acta Biomater 2020; 105:159-169. [PMID: 31972367 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels represent a valuable tool for the delivery of therapeutic molecules aimed to restore the functionality of damaged tissues. In this study, we report the design of a nanocomposite DNA-based hydrogel crosslinked with oxidized alginate (OA) via the formation of reversible imine linkages. The formulated hydrogel functioned as an injectable carrier for the sustained delivery of a small molecule drug, simvastatin. The degree of oxidation of alginate and the concentration of silicate-based nanoparticles (nSi) were varied to modulate the rheological properties of the hydrogels. Specifically, the formulations consisting of OA with higher degree of oxidation displayed the highest value of storage moduli, yield stress, yield strain, and rapid recovery after removal of cyclic stress. The hydrogel formulations exhibited self-healing and shear-thinning properties due to the reversible nature of the covalent imine bonds formed between the aldehyde groups of OA and the amine groups present in the DNA nucleotides. Moreover, the incorporation of charged nSi further enhanced the shear strength of the formulated hydrogels by establishing electrostatic interactions with the phosphate groups of the DNA network. The optimized hydrogel was able to promote the sustained release of simvastatin for more than a week. The bioactivity of the released drug was confirmed by testing its ability to induce osteogenic differentiation and migration of human adipose-derived stem cells in vitro. Overall, the results obtained from this study demonstrate that DNA could be used as a natural biopolymer to fabricate self-healing injectable hydrogels with sustained release properties for minimally invasive therapeutic approaches. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Dynamic covalent chemistry, especially Schiff base reactions have emerged as a promising route for the formation of injectable hydrogels. Our study demonstrated the development of a DNA-based self-healing hydrogel formed via Schiff base reaction occurring at physiological conditions. The hydrogels functioned as sustained delivery vehicles for the hydrophobic drug simvastatin, which requires a polymeric carrier for controlled delivery of therapeutic concentrations of the drug without exhibiting cytotoxic effects. Presently available hydrogel-based drug delivery systems encounter major challenges for the delivery of hydrophobic drugs due to the hydrophilic nature of the base matrix. Our strategy presents a platform technology for the design of minimally invasive approaches for the sustained delivery of hydrophobic drugs similar to simvastatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantani Basu
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Settimio Pacelli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Arghya Paul
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada.
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30
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Camacho-Alonso F, Martínez-Ortiz C, Plazas-Buendía L, Mercado-Díaz AM, Vilaplana-Vivo C, Navarro JA, Buendía AJ, Merino JJ, Martínez-Beneyto Y. Bone union formation in the rat mandibular symphysis using hydroxyapatite with or without simvastatin: effects on healthy, diabetic, and osteoporotic rats. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:1479-1491. [PMID: 31925587 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03180-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective is to compare new bone formation in critical defects in healthy, diabetic, and osteoporotic rats filled with hydroxyapatite (HA) alone and HA combined with simvastatin (SV). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 48 adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three groups (n = 16 per group): Group, 1 healthy; Group 2, diabetics; and Group 3, osteoporotics. Streptozotocin was used to induce type 1 diabetes in Group 2, while bilateral ovariectomy was used to induce osteoporosis in Group 3. The central portion of the rat mandibular symphysis was used as a physiological critical bone defect. In each group, eight defects were filled with HA alone and eight with HA combined with SV. The animals were sacrificed at 4 and 8 weeks, and the mandibles were processed for micro-computed tomography to analyze radiological union and bone mineral density (BMD); histological analysis of the bone union; and immunohistochemical analysis, which included immunoreactivity of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2). RESULTS In all groups (healthy, diabetics, and osteoporotics), the defects filled with HA + SV presented greater radiological bone union, BMD, histological bone union, and more VEGF and BMP-2 positivity, in comparison with bone defects treated with HA alone. CONCLUSIONS Combined application of HA and SV improves bone regeneration in mandibular critical bone defects compared with application of HA alone in healthy, diabetic, and osteoporotic rats. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study might help to patients with osteoporosis or uncontrolled diabetes type 1, but future studies should be done.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Camacho-Alonso
- Department of Oral Surgery, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | - J A Navarro
- Department of Histology and Pathological Anatomy, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - A J Buendía
- Department of Histology and Pathological Anatomy, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - J J Merino
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Y Martínez-Beneyto
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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31
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Zhang W, Sun C, Zhu J, Zhang W, Leng H, Song C. 3D printed porous titanium cages filled with simvastatin hydrogel promotes bone ingrowth and spinal fusion in rhesus macaques. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:4147-4156. [PMID: 32496502 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00361a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sustainable release of simvastatin from poloxamer 407 hydrogel in 3D-printed porous Ti6Al4V for spinal fusion in rhesus macaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University
- Jinan
- China
| | - Chuiguo Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics
- Peking University Third Hospital
- Beijing
- China
| | - Junxiong Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics
- Peking University Third Hospital
- Beijing
- China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Diseases
| | - Weifang Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine
- Peking University Third Hospital
- Beijing
- China
| | - Huijie Leng
- Department of Orthopaedics
- Peking University Third Hospital
- Beijing
- China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Diseases
| | - Chunli Song
- Department of Orthopaedics
- Peking University Third Hospital
- Beijing
- China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Diseases
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32
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Kuttappan S, Jo JI, Menon D, Ishimoto T, Nakano T, Nair SV, Tabata Y, Nair MB. ONO-1301 loaded nanocomposite scaffolds modulate cAMP mediated signaling and induce new bone formation in critical sized bone defect. Biomater Sci 2019; 8:884-896. [PMID: 31822874 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01352k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies on bone regeneration demonstrate the use of low cost and stable small molecules, which avoid the adverse effect and high cost of growth factors. Herein, we investigate the chemotactic, angiogenic and osteoinductive potential of a prostacyclin analogue, ONO-1301, when delivered through a biomimetic nanocomposite scaffold (nanohydroxyapatite-gelatin matrix reinforced with fibers) for bone tissue regeneration. The small molecule was loaded onto the scaffold in three different concentrations. There was burst release from all the groups of scaffolds within 24 h followed by a sustained release up to 14 days, but the concentration was dependent on loading percentage. ONO-1301 loaded scaffolds augmented the migration, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), but increasing the concentration beyond a certain dose did not show any effect. The osteoinduction was mediated through the prostaglandin I2 receptor and cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling pathway. They also promoted new bone formation in large sized calvarial defects in rats compared to the scaffold alone, but did not show any impact on angiogenesis. Hence, this study suggests the chemotactic and osteoinductive capability of ONO-1301 for the repair and regeneration of critical sized bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruthy Kuttappan
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India.
| | - Jun-Ichiro Jo
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan.
| | - Deepthy Menon
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India.
| | - Takuya Ishimoto
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nakano
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shantikumar V Nair
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India.
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan.
| | - Manitha B Nair
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India.
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Mohammadkhani N, Gharbi S, Rajani HF, Farzaneh A, Mahjoob G, Hoseinsalari A, Korsching E. Statins: Complex outcomes but increasingly helpful treatment options for patients. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 863:172704. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Zhou T, Moriyama Y, Ayukawa Y, Rakhmatia YD, Zhou X, Hu J, Koyano K. Injectable Porous Bioresorbable Composite Containing Fluvastatin for Bone Augmentation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:5422-5429. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianren Zhou
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yasuko Moriyama
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yasunori Ayukawa
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yunia Dwi Rakhmatia
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Xudiyang Zhou
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Jiangqi Hu
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Koyano
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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The Application of Statins in the Regeneration of Bone Defects. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12182992. [PMID: 31527399 PMCID: PMC6766347 DOI: 10.3390/ma12182992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review aims to analyze the effect of the local application of statins in the regeneration of non-periodontal bone defects. A systematic study was conducted with the Pubmed/Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and Scielo databases for in vivo animal studies published up to and including February 2019. Fifteen articles were included in the analysis. The local application of the drug increased the percentage of new bone formation, bone density, bone healing, bone morphogenetic protein 2, vascular endothelial growth factor, progenitor endothelial cells and osteocalcin. Meta-analyses showed a statistically significant increase in the percentage of new bone formation when animals were treated with local statins, in contrast to the no introduction of filling material or the introduction of polylactic acid, both in an early (4–6 weeks) and in a late period (12 weeks) (mean difference 39.5%, 95% confidence interval: 22.2–56.9, p <0.001; and mean difference 43.3%, 95% confidence interval: 33.6–52.9, p < 0.001, respectively). Basing on the animal model, the local application of statins promotes the healing of critical bone size defects due to its apparent osteogenic and angiogenic effects. However, given the few studies and their heterogenicity, the results should be taken cautiously, and further pilot studies are necessary, with radiological and histological evaluations to translate these results to humans and establish statins’ effect.
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Huang Y, Lin Y, Rong M, Liu W, He J, Zhou L. 20(S)-hydroxycholesterol and simvastatin synergistically enhance osteogenic differentiation of marrow stromal cells and bone regeneration by initiation of Raf/MEK/ERK signaling. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2019; 30:87. [PMID: 31325047 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6284-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated the significant roles of simvastatin (SVA) and oxysterols in the osteogenesis process. In this study, we evaluate the effect of a combination of SVA and 20(S)-hydroxycholesterol (20(S)OHC) on the cell viability and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). After treatment with a control vehicle, SVA (0.025, 0.10, 0.25 or 1.0 μM), 20(S)OHC (5 μM), or a combination of both (0.25 μM SVA + 5 μM 20(S)OHC), the proliferation, apoptosis, ALP activity, mineralization, osteogenesis-related gene expression and Raf/MEK/ERK signaling activity in BMSCs were measured. Our results showed that high concentrations of SVA (0.25 and 1.0 μM) enhanced osteogenesis-related genes expression while attenuating cell viability. The addition of 5 μM 20(S)OHC induced significantly higher proliferative activity, which neutralized the inhibitory effect of SVA on the viability of BMSCs. Moreover, compared to supplementation with only one of the additives, combined supplementation with both SVA and 20(S)OHC induced significantly enhanced ALP activity, calcium sedimentation, osteogenesis-related genes (ALP, OCN and BMP-2) expression and Raf/MEK/ERK signaling activity in BMSCs; these enhancements were attenuated by treatment with the inhibitor U0126, indicating a significant role of Raf/MEK/ERK signaling in mediating the synergistically enhanced osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs by combined SVA and 20(S)OHC treatment. Additionally, histological examination confirmed a synergistic effect of SVA and 20(S)OHC on enhancing bone regeneration in a rabbit calvarial defect model. This newly developed SVA/20(S)OHC formulation may be used as an osteoinductive drug to enhance bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghe Huang
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, 366 South Jiangnan Road, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
- The Department of Stomatology, Taishan People's Hospital, Affiliated to Guangdong Medical University, Taishan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao Lin
- The Department of Stomatology, Jieyang Affiliated Hospital, SunYat-sen University, Jieyang, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingdeng Rong
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, 366 South Jiangnan Road, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Weizhen Liu
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, 366 South Jiangnan Road, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Junbing He
- The Department of Stomatology, Jieyang Affiliated Hospital, SunYat-sen University, Jieyang, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, 366 South Jiangnan Road, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China.
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Venkatesan N, Liyanage AT, Castro-Núñez J, Asafo-Adjei T, Cunningham LL, Dziubla TD, Puleo DA. Biodegradable polymerized simvastatin stimulates bone formation. Acta Biomater 2019; 93:192-199. [PMID: 31055123 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Previous research from our labs demonstrated the synthesis of polymerized simvastatin by ring-opening polymerization and slow degradation with controlled release of simvastatin in vitro. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the degradation and intramembranous bone-forming potential of simvastatin-containing polyprodrugs in vivo using a rat calvarial onlay model. Poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(simvastatin) and poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(simvastatin)-ran-poly(glycolide) were compared with simvastatin conventionally encapsulated in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and pure PLGA. The rate of degradation was higher for PLGA with and without simvastatin relative to the simvastatin polyprodrugs. Significant new bone growth at the circumference of poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(simvastatin) disks was observed beginning at 4 weeks, whereas severe bone resorption (4 weeks) and bone loss (8 weeks) were observed for PLGA loaded with simvastatin. No significant systemic effects were observed for serum total cholesterol and body weight. Increased expression of osteogenic (BMP-2, Runx2, and ALP), angiogenic (VEGF), and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and NF-ĸB) genes was seen with all polymers at the end of 8 weeks. Poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(simvastatin), with slow degradation and drug release, controlled inflammation, and significant osteogenic effect, is a candidate for use in bone regeneration applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Traditional drug delivery systems, e.g., drug encapsulated in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), are typically passive and have limited drug payload. As an alternative, we polymerized the drug simvastatin, which has multiple physiological effects, into macromolecules ("polysimvastatin") via ring-opening polymerization. We previously demonstrated that the rate of degradation and drug (simvastatin) release can be adjusted by copolymerizing it with other monomers. The present results demonstrate significant new bone growth around polysimvastatin, whereas severe bone loss occurred for PLGA loaded with simvastatin. This degradable biomaterial with biofunctionality integrated into the polymeric backbone is a useful candidate for bone regeneration applications.
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Khurana K, Guillem-Marti J, Soldera F, Mücklich F, Canal C, Ginebra MP. Injectable calcium phosphate foams for the delivery of Pitavastatin as osteogenic and angiogenic agent. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 108:760-770. [PMID: 31187939 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Apatitic bone cements have been used as a clinical bone substitutes and drug delivery vehicles for therapeutic agents in orthopedic applications. This has led to their combination with different drugs with known ability to foster bone formation. Recent studies have evaluated Simvastatin for its role in enhanced bone regeneration, but its lipophilicity hampers incorporation and release to and from the bone graft. In this study, injectable calcium phosphate foams (i-CPF) based on α-tricalcium phosphate were loaded for the first time with Pitavastatin. The stability of the drug in different conditions relevant to this study, the effect of the drug on the i-CPFs properties, the release profile, and the in vitro biological performance with regard to mineralization and vascularization were investigated. Pitavastatin did not cause any changes in neither the micro nor the macro structure of the i-CPFs, which retained their biomimetic features. PITA-loaded i-CPFs showed a dose-dependent drug release, with early stage release kinetics clearly affected by the evolving microstructure due to the setting of cement. in vitro studies showed dose-dependent enhancement of mineralization and vascularization. Our findings contribute towards the design of controlled release with low drug dosing bone grafts: i-CPFs loaded with PITA as osteogenic and angiogenic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanupriya Khurana
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain.,Chair of Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Saarland University, Germany
| | - Jordi Guillem-Marti
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Flavio Soldera
- Chair of Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Saarland University, Germany
| | - Frank Mücklich
- Chair of Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Saarland University, Germany
| | - Cristina Canal
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria-Pau Ginebra
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain
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39
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Functionalization of Ceramic Coatings for Enhancing Integration in Osteoporotic Bone: A Systematic Review. COATINGS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings9050312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: The success of reconstructive orthopaedic surgery strongly depends on the mechanical and biological integration between the prosthesis and the host bone tissue. Progressive population ageing with increased frequency of altered bone metabolism conditions requires new strategies for ensuring an early implant fixation and long-term stability. Ceramic materials and ceramic-based coatings, owing to the release of calcium phosphate and to the precipitation of a biological apatite at the bone-implant interface, are able to promote a strong bonding between the host bone and the implant. Methods: The aim of the present systematic review is the analysis of the existing literature on the functionalization strategies for improving the implant osteointegration in osteoporotic bone and their relative translation into the clinical practice. The review process, conducted on two electronic databases, identified 47 eligible preclinical studies and 5 clinical trials. Results: Preclinical data analysis showed that functionalization with both organic and inorganic molecules usually improves osseointegration in the osteoporotic condition, assessed mainly in rodent models. Clinical studies, mainly retrospective, have tested no functionalization strategies. Registered trademarks materials have been investigated and there is lack of information about the micro- or nano- topography of ceramics. Conclusions: Ceramic materials/coatings functionalization obtained promising results in improving implant osseointegration even in osteoporotic conditions but preclinical evidence has not been fully translated to clinical applications.
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Tajan M, Pernin-Grandjean J, Beton N, Gennero I, Capilla F, Neel BG, Araki T, Valet P, Tauber M, Salles JP, Yart A, Edouard T. Noonan syndrome-causing SHP2 mutants impair ERK-dependent chondrocyte differentiation during endochondral bone growth. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:2276-2289. [PMID: 29659837 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth retardation is a constant feature of Noonan syndrome (NS) but its physiopathology remains poorly understood. We previously reported that hyperactive NS-causing SHP2 mutants impair the systemic production of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) through hyperactivation of the RAS/extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) signalling pathway. Besides endocrine defects, a direct effect of these mutants on growth plate has not been explored, although recent studies have revealed an important physiological role for SHP2 in endochondral bone growth. We demonstrated that growth plate length was reduced in NS mice, mostly due to a shortening of the hypertrophic zone and to a lesser extent of the proliferating zone. These histological features were correlated with decreased expression of early chondrocyte differentiation markers, and with reduced alkaline phosphatase staining and activity, in NS murine primary chondrocytes. Although IGF1 treatment improved growth of NS mice, it did not fully reverse growth plate abnormalities, notably the decreased hypertrophic zone. In contrast, we documented a role of RAS/ERK hyperactivation at the growth plate level since 1) NS-causing SHP2 mutants enhance RAS/ERK activation in chondrocytes in vivo (NS mice) and in vitro (ATDC5 cells) and 2) inhibition of RAS/ERK hyperactivation by U0126 treatment alleviated growth plate abnormalities and enhanced chondrocyte differentiation. Similar effects were obtained by chronic treatment of NS mice with statins. In conclusion, we demonstrated that hyperactive NS-causing SHP2 mutants impair chondrocyte differentiation during endochondral bone growth through a local hyperactivation of the RAS/ERK signalling pathway, and that statin treatment may be a possible therapeutic approach in NS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mylène Tajan
- INSERM UMR 1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC)
| | - Julie Pernin-Grandjean
- INSERM UMR 1043, Centre of Pathophysiology of Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Beton
- INSERM UMR 1043, Centre of Pathophysiology of Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Gennero
- INSERM UMR 1043, Centre of Pathophysiology of Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Capilla
- INSERM, US006, ANEXPLO/CREFRE, Histopathology Unit, Purpan Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Benjamin G Neel
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU-Langone Medical Center, NY 10016, USA
| | - Toshiyuki Araki
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU-Langone Medical Center, NY 10016, USA
| | - Philippe Valet
- INSERM UMR 1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC)
| | - Maithé Tauber
- INSERM UMR 1043, Centre of Pathophysiology of Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,Pediatric Department, Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Salles
- INSERM UMR 1043, Centre of Pathophysiology of Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,Pediatric Department, Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Armelle Yart
- INSERM UMR 1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC)
| | - Thomas Edouard
- INSERM UMR 1043, Centre of Pathophysiology of Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,Pediatric Department, Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
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41
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Shao PL, Wu SC, Lin ZY, Ho ML, Chen CH, Wang CZ. Alpha-5 Integrin Mediates Simvastatin-Induced Osteogenesis of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030506. [PMID: 30682874 PMCID: PMC6387019 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simvastatin (SVS) promotes the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and has been studied for MSC-based bone regeneration. However, the mechanism underlying SVS-induced osteogenesis is not well understood. We hypothesize that α5 integrin mediates SVS-induced osteogenic differentiation. Bone marrow MSCs (BMSCs) derived from BALB/C mice, referred to as D1 cells, were used. Alizarin red S (calcium deposition) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining were used to evaluate SVS-induced osteogenesis of D1 cells. The mRNA expression levels of α5 integrin and osteogenic marker genes (bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), collagen type I, ALP and osteocalcin (OC)) were detected using quantitative real-time PCR. Surface-expressed α5 integrin was detected using flow cytometry analysis. Protein expression levels of α5 integrin and phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (p-FAK), which is downstream of α5 integrin, were detected using Western blotting. siRNA was used to deplete the expression of α5 integrin in D1 cells. The results showed that SVS dose-dependently enhanced the gene expression levels of osteogenic marker genes as well as subsequent ALP activity and calcium deposition in D1 cells. Upregulated p-FAK was accompanied by an increased protein expression level of α5 integrin after SVS treatment. Surface-expressed α5 integrin was also upregulated after SVS treatment. Depletion of α5 integrin expression significantly suppressed SVS-induced osteogenic gene expression levels, ALP activity, and calcium deposition in D1 cells. These results identify a critical role of α5 integrin in SVS-induced osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, which may suggest a therapeutic strategy to modulate α5 integrin/FAK signaling to promote MSC-based bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Lin Shao
- Department of Nursing, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University,Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Shun-Cheng Wu
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Zih-Yin Lin
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Mei-Ling Ho
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Hwan Chen
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan.
- Division of Adult Reconstruction Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Chau-Zen Wang
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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Kamińska M, Aliko A, Hellvard A, Bielecka E, Binder V, Marczyk A, Potempa J, Delaleu N, Kantyka T, Mydel P. Effects of statins on multispecies oral biofilm identify simvastatin as a drug candidate targeting Porphyromonas gingivalis. J Periodontol 2018; 90:637-646. [PMID: 30506795 DOI: 10.1002/jper.18-0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Statins effectively reduce risk of cardiovascular-related morbidity and mortality in patients with hyperlipidemia, hypertension, or type 2 diabetes. In addition to lowering cholesterol levels, several studies have attributed statins with immunomodulatory and bactericidal properties. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate statins' antimicrobial activity against periodontal homeostasis bacteria. METHODS Statin effect on bacterial growth was tested using planktonic monocultures and multibacterial biofilms. The latter consisted of five microbial species (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Actinomyces naeslundii, Tannerella forsythia, and Streptococcus gordonii) associated with dysbiosis of the oral microbiota underlying establishment and perpetuation of periodontitis. RESULTS All four tested statins efficiently inhibited P. gingivalis growth and significantly decreased the cumulative bacterial load in developing and established biofilms. Simvastatin was most efficient and decreased P. gingivalis counts more than 1,300-fold relative to the control. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that similar effects on bacterial composition of the dental plaque may occur in vivo in patients on statins, thus, leading to a shift of the oral microbiome from a dysbiotic to a more homeostatic one. Simvastatin, being highly effective against P. gingivalis while not affecting commensal microbiota, possesses many properties qualifying it as a potential adjunctive treatment for chronic periodontitis. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether similar effects on bacterial composition of the dental plaque may occur in vivo in patients on statins, thus, leading to a shift of the oral microflora from dysbiotic to a more homeostatic one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kamińska
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ardita Aliko
- Department of Clinical Science, Broegelmann Research Laboratory, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Annelie Hellvard
- Małopolska Center of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Bielecka
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Veronika Binder
- Department of Clinical Science, Broegelmann Research Laboratory, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Agata Marczyk
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jan Potempa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.,Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Nicolas Delaleu
- Institute of Oncology Research, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,2C SysBioMed, Contra, Switzerland
| | - Tomasz Kantyka
- Małopolska Center of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Mydel
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.,Department of Clinical Science, Broegelmann Research Laboratory, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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43
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Kenan S, Onur ÖD, Solakoğlu S, Kotil T, Ramazanoğlu M, Çelik HH, Ocak M, Uzuner B, Fıratlı E. Investigation of the effects of semaphorin 3A on new bone formation in a rat calvarial defect model. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2018; 47:473-483. [PMID: 30616935 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigates the effects of semaphorin 3A on new bone formation in an experimental rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cortical bone defects, 5 mm, were created in the calvaria of 40 Wistar rats, which were then separated into three groups: empty defect (control) group, collagen group, collagen + semaphorin 3A group. The bone blocks were harvested after 4 and 8 weeks. New bone formation was assessed by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), histology, histomorphometry, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Increased bone formation was observed in collagen + semaphorin 3A groups both histologically and with micro-CT. In the histomorphometic analysis, the control group had significantly less bone formation compared to both the collagen and collagen + semaphorin 3A group at 4 weeks (p = 0.0001) and 8 weeks (p = 0.0001). The collagen group had significantly less bone formation compared to collagen + semaphorin 3A group both at 4 weeks (p = 0.002) and 8 weeks (p = 0.005). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that semaphorin 3A inhibited receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL) expression and increased the expressions of osteoblastic bone markers at 4 weeks. In TEM analysis, the collagen + semaphorin 3A group had an increased proliferation and bone formation rate at 4 weeks, whereas bone quantity and maturation were enhanced at 8 weeks. CONCLUSION Locally applied semaphorin 3A increases callus formation at 4 weeks and bone formation at 8 weeks. Semaphorin 3A prevents bone resorption by inhibiting osteoclasts and increases bone formation by inducing osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevinç Kenan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Head: Prof. Dr. Hülya Koçak Berberoğlu), Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Özen Doğan Onur
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Head: Prof. Dr. Hülya Koçak Berberoğlu), Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seyhun Solakoğlu
- Department of Histology and Embryology (Head: Prof. Dr. Seyhun Solakoğlu), Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuğba Kotil
- Department of Histology and Embryology (Head: Prof. Dr. Seyhun Solakoğlu), Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ramazanoğlu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Head: Prof. Dr. Hülya Koçak Berberoğlu), Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakan Hamdi Çelik
- Department of Anatomy (Head: Prof. Dr. M. Fevzi Sargon), Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mert Ocak
- Department of Anatomy (Head: Prof. Dr. M. Fevzi Sargon), Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bora Uzuner
- Department of Anatomy (Head: Prof. Dr. M. Fevzi Sargon), Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erhan Fıratlı
- Department of Periodontology (Head: Prof. Dr. Serdar Çintan), Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Kalani MM, Nourmohammadi J, Negahdari B. Osteogenic potential of Rosuvastatin immobilized on silk fibroin nanofibers using argon plasma treatment. Biomed Mater 2018; 14:025002. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aaec26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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45
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Raafat SN, Amin RM, Elmazar MM, Khattab MM, El-Khatib AS. The sole and combined effect of simvastatin and platelet rich fibrin as a filling material in induced bone defect in tibia of albino rats. Bone 2018; 117:60-69. [PMID: 30208342 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Statins like simvastatin (SIM) have demonstrated to have pleiotropic actions other than their conventional use as antilipidemic drugs. Also, nowadays natural scaffolds like platelets rich fibrin (PRF) showed promising results on bone regeneration. Aim This study compare the regenerative power of SIM and PRF added locally each as a sole filling material on induced bone defect and evaluate the combined effect using PRF loaded with SIM. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A critical size bone defect was induced in 48 male albino rats of average weight 150-200 g and were divided into 4 groups according to the filling material. Control, PRF, SIM, and SIM/PRF group. Each group was subdivided according to the sacrificing period into two subgroups (one and two-months postoperatively). Tibial specimens were evaluated histologically using masson trichrome (MT) special stain to detect areas of new bone formation, immunohistochemically using anti- BMP2 and anti-VEGF, serum levels of Osteoprotegerin (OPG), RANKL, osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase enzyme (ALP) were measured one and two months postoperatively using ELISA, Finally bone mineral density (BMD) at the bone defect area was analyzed using digital X-ray one and two-months postoperatively. RESULTS: The percentage of newly formed bone increased significantly in the three groups vs the control group with the highest significant increase (p < 0.001) in the SIM/PRF group one month postoperatively. Also, SIM/PRF group was the only group which showed significant bone maturation two-months postoperatively compared to the other groups. Immunohistochemical analysis showed significant increase in positively stained BMP-2 and VEGF expression (p < 0.001) in the three groups vs the control group with the highest significant increase (p < 0.001) in the SIM/PRF group. Serum bone anabolic markers increased significantly in the SIM and SIM/PRF groups. In contrast, RANKL serum level decreased significantly in the SIM and SIM/PRF group one month postoperatively with no significant decrease in the PRF group vs the control group. Digital X-ray results revealed the highest BMD percent change was found in the SIM/PRF group and showed complete bone healing two-months postoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen N Raafat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Egypt.
| | - Reham M Amin
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Egypt
| | - M M Elmazar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Khattab
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Aiman S El-Khatib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
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46
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Ferreira Junior DB, Pizziolo VR, Oliveira TTD, Matta SLPD, Píccolo MS, Queiroz JHD. Perfil biométrico, histomorfométrico e bioquímico no tratamento com atorvastatina cálcica de ratas com osteoporose induzida com dexametasona. Rev Bras Ortop 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbo.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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47
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Ferreira Junior DB, Pizziolo VR, Oliveira TTD, Matta SLPD, Píccolo MS, Queiroz JHD. Biometric, histomorphometric, and biochemical profile in atorvastatin calcium treatment of female rats with dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis. Rev Bras Ortop 2018; 53:607-613. [PMID: 30245999 PMCID: PMC6147763 DOI: 10.1016/j.rboe.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of atorvastatin calcium in the treatment of dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis. METHODS Osteoporosis induction consisted of the administration of an intramuscular dose of 7.5 mg/kg of body weight of dexamethasone, once a week for four weeks, except for the control animals (G1). The animals were divided into the following groups: G1 (control group without osteoporosis), G2 (control group with untreated osteoporosis), G3 (control group with osteoporosis treated with sodium alendronate 0.2 mg/kg) and G4 (group with osteoporosis treated with atorvastatin calcium 1.2 mg/kg). Serum alkaline phosphatase, bone alkaline phosphatase, and biometric and bone histomorphometric assessments were performed after 30 and 60 days of treatment onset. RESULTS In relation to the biometric and histomorphometric analyses, at 60 days of treatment, G4 presented bone density (Seedor index), bone trabecular density, and cortical thickness of 0.222 ± 0.004 g/cm, 59.167 ± 2.401%, and 387,501 ± 8573 μm, respectively, with a positive and statistically significant difference (p < 0.05), in relation to G2. At 30 and 60 days of treatment, G4 presented statistically significant serum levels of alkaline phosphatase alkaline phosphatase (p < 0.05) that were higher than all groups (7.451 ± 0.173 μg/L and 7.473 ± 0.529 μg/L, respectively). CONCLUSION Treatment with atorvastatin calcium demonstrated the ability of this drug to increase osteoblastic activity and bone tissue repair activity, acting differently from alendronate sodium, which demonstrated predominantly antirebsorptive activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Virgínia Ramos Pizziolo
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Tânia Toledo de Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Mayra Soares Píccolo
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - José Humberto de Queiroz
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
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48
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Huang J, Lin C, Fang J, Li X, Wang J, Deng S, Zhang S, Su W, Feng X, Chen B, Cheng D, Shuai X. pH-Sensitive Nanocarrier-Mediated Codelivery of Simvastatin and Noggin siRNA for Synergistic Enhancement of Osteogenesis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:28471-28482. [PMID: 30067011 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b10521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The inexpensive hypolipidemic drug simvastatin (SIM), which promotes bone regeneration by enhancing bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) expression, has been regarded as an ideal alternative to BMP-2 therapy. However, SIM has low bioavailability and may induce the upregulation of the BMP-2-antagonistic noggin protein, which greatly limits the osteogenic effect. Here, a pH-sensitive copolymer, monomethoxy-poly(ethylene glycol)- b-branched polyethyleneimine- b-poly( N-( N', N'-diisopropylaminoethyl)- co-benzylamino)aspartamide (mPEG-bPEI-PAsp(DIP-BzA)) (PBP), was synthesized and self-assembled into a cationic micelle. SIM and siRNA targeting the noggin gene (N-siRNA) were loaded into the PAsp(DIP-BzA) core and the cationic bPEI interlayer of the micelle via hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions, respectively. The SIM-loaded micelle effectively delivered SIM into preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells and rapidly released it inside the acidic lysosome, resulting in the elevated expression of BMP-2. Meanwhile, the codelivered N-siRNA effectively suppressed the expression of noggin. Consequently, SIM and N-siRNA synergistically increased the BMP-2/noggin ratio and resulted in an obviously higher osteogenetic effect than did simvastatin or N-siRNA alone, both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsheng Huang
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Chaowen Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , China
| | - Jintao Fang
- Department of Microsurgery & Orthopedic Trauma , The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510080 , China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Jin Wang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510630 , China
| | - Shaohui Deng
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , China
| | - Wanhan Su
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Longyan First Hospital , Fujian Medical University , Longyan 364000 , Fujian , China
| | - Xiaoreng Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , China
| | - Du Cheng
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Xintao Shuai
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510630 , China
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49
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Liu Y, Jia Z, Akhter MP, Gao X, Wang X, Wang X, Zhao G, Wei X, Zhou Y, Wang X, Hartman CW, Fehringer EV, Cui L, Wang D. Bone-targeting liposome formulation of Salvianic acid A accelerates the healing of delayed fracture Union in Mice. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 14:2271-2282. [PMID: 30076934 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Delayed fracture union is a significant clinical challenge in orthopedic practice. There are few non-surgical therapeutic options for this pathology. To address this challenge, we have developed a bone-targeting liposome (BTL) formulation of salvianic acid A (SAA), a potent bone anabolic agent, for improved treatment of delayed fracture union. Using pyrophosphorylated cholesterol as the targeting ligand, the liposome formulation (SAA-BTL) has demonstrated strong affinity to hydroxyapatite in vitro, and to bones in vivo. Locally administered SAA-BTL was found to significantly improve fracture callus formation and micro-architecture with accelerated mineralization rate in callus when compared to the dose equivalent SAA, non-targeting SAA liposome (SAA-NTL) or no treatment on a prednisone-induced delayed fracture union mouse model. Biomechanical analyses further validated the potent therapeutic efficacy of SAA-BTL. These results support SAA-BTL formulation, as a promising therapeutic candidate, to be further developed into an effective and safe clinical treatment for delayed bone fracture union.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhi Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Guangdong Key laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenshan Jia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - Xiang Gao
- Stem Cell research and Cellular Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaobei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - You Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Curtis W Hartman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Edward V Fehringer
- Columbus Community Hospital Orthopedics & Sports Medicine Clinic, Columbus, NE, USA
| | - Liao Cui
- Guangdong Key laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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Eskinazi-Budge A, Manickavasagam D, Czech T, Novak K, Kunzler J, Oyewumi MO. Preparation of emulsifying wax/glyceryl monooleate nanoparticles and evaluation as a delivery system for repurposing simvastatin in bone regeneration. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2018; 44:1583-1590. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2018.1483381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Eskinazi-Budge
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Dharani Manickavasagam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Tori Czech
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Kimberly Novak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - James Kunzler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Moses O. Oyewumi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
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